FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Thron, AM Pennycook, TJ Chan, J Luo, W Jain, A Riley, D Blatchford, J Shaw, J Vogel, EM Hinkle, CL van Benthem, K AF Thron, A. M. Pennycook, T. J. Chan, J. Luo, W. Jain, A. Riley, D. Blatchford, J. Shaw, J. Vogel, E. M. Hinkle, C. L. van Benthem, K. TI Formation of pre-silicide layers below Ni1-xPtxSi/Si interfaces SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Interfaces; TEM; Diffusion; Silicidation ID SCHOTTKY-BARRIER HEIGHT; NI-SI SYSTEM; DIFFUSION; STABILITY; MICROSTRUCTURE; ATOMS; FILMS AB The formation of a pre-silicide layer below Ni1-xPtxSi films is reported with structure and composition distinctly different from previously observed diffusion layers. It was found that during two-step rapid thermal annealing Ni interstitial diffusion can kinetically dominate over the formation of Ni silicide, which results in a metastable pre-silicide layer. Aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy experiments have revealed Ni to occupy interstitial and substitutional sites in the pre-silicide layer. Rapid thermal annealing and Pt alloying determines the stoichiometry and thickness of the layer, while the point defect configurations give rise to lowering of the associated Schottky barrier heights. The pre-silicide layer effectively limits diffusion of Ni into the substrate and therefore allows for the low-temperature growth of Ni2Si and NiSi. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Thron, A. M.; van Benthem, K.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pennycook, T. J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Pennycook, T. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Chan, J.; Vogel, E. M.; Hinkle, C. L.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. [Luo, W.] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Jain, A.; Riley, D.; Blatchford, J.; Shaw, J.] Texas Instruments Inc, Adv CMOS, Dallas, TX 75243 USA. RP van Benthem, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM benthem@ucdavis.edu RI Vogel, Eric/A-7731-2008; Hinkle, Christopher/B-8412-2008; Pennycook, Timothy/B-4946-2014; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014; Luo, Weidong/A-8418-2009 OI Vogel, Eric/0000-0002-6110-1361; Pennycook, Timothy/0000-0002-0008-6516; Luo, Weidong/0000-0003-3829-1547 FU Texas Instruments Inc.; National Science Foundation [DMR-0955638]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-09ER46554]; DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by Texas Instruments Inc. and the National Science Foundation (DMR-0955638). T.J.P. acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy Grant DE-FG02-09ER46554. We appreciate S.J. Pennycook for letting us use the Nion UltraSTEM at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Parts of this work were carried out at the National Center for Electron Microscopy, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 38 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 61 IS 7 BP 2481 EP 2488 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.01.022 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 120HQ UT WOS:000317161800018 ER PT J AU Phani, PS Johanns, KE George, EP Pharr, GM AF Phani, P. Sudharshan Johanns, K. E. George, E. P. Pharr, G. M. TI A simple stochastic model for yielding in specimens with limited number of dislocations SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Dislocations; Stochastic model; Yield strength; Micromechanics; Size effect ID STRENGTH; TENSILE; PLASTICITY; MOLYBDENUM; CRYSTALS; NI3AL AB A simple statistical model is developed based on a random distribution and orientation of dislocations in order to explain recent experimental observations of the strength of small specimens containing a limited number of dislocations. Two different types of randomness are introduced, namely, randomness in the spatial location of the dislocations and randomness in the stress needed to activate them. For convenience, the randomness in the activation stress is modeled by assigning a random Schmid factor to the dislocations. In contrast to previous stochastic models, the current model predicts the yield strength not only in the presence of dislocations but also in their absence. Furthermore, the model predicts the scatter in the yield strength in addition to the mean. The model is found to quantitatively explain the yield strength and scatter in micro-compression/tension tests of Mo-alloy fibers using dislocation densities and arrangements measured by transmission electron microscopy. The results of Brenner's classic tensile tests on metallic whiskers are qualitatively reconciled. The model adds credence to the notion that "smaller is stronger" from a purely statistical point of view. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Phani, P. Sudharshan; Johanns, K. E.; George, E. P.; Pharr, G. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [George, E. P.; Pharr, G. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Pharr, GM (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM pharr@utk.edu RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 47 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 61 IS 7 BP 2489 EP 2499 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.01.023 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 120HQ UT WOS:000317161800019 ER PT J AU Otto, F Yang, Y Bei, H George, EP AF Otto, F. Yang, Y. Bei, H. George, E. P. TI Relative effects of enthalpy and entropy on the phase stability of equiatomic high-entropy alloys SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE High-entropy alloys; Multi-component alloys; Solid solution; Thermodynamics ID MICROSTRUCTURE; ELEMENTS AB High configurational entropies have been hypothesized to stabilize solid solutions in equiatomic, multi-element alloys which have attracted much attention recently as "high-entropy" alloys with potentially interesting properties. To evaluate the usefulness of configurational entropy as a predictor of single-phase (solid solution) stability, we prepared five new equiatomic, quinary alloys by replacing individual elements one at a time in a CoCrFeMnNi alloy that was previously shown to be single-phase [1]. An implicit assumption here is that, if any one element is replaced by another, while keeping the total number of elements constant, the configurational entropy of the alloy is unchanged; therefore, the new alloys should also be single-phase. Additionally, the substitute elements that we chose, Ti for Co, Mo or V for Cr, V for Fe, and Cu for Ni, had the same room temperature crystal structure and comparable size/electronegativity as the elements being replaced to maximize solid solubility consistent with the Hume-Rothery rules. For comparison, the base CoCrFeMnNi alloy was also prepared. After three-day anneals at elevated temperatures, multiple phases were observed in all but the base CoCrFeMnNi alloy, suggesting that, by itself, configurational entropy is generally not able to override the competing driving forces that also govern phase stability. Thermodynamic analyses were carried out for each of the constituent binaries in the investigated alloys (Co-Cr, Fe-Ni, Mo-Mn, etc.). Our experimental results combined with the thermodynamic analyses suggest that, in general, enthalpy and non-configurational entropy have greater influences on phase stability in equiatomic, multi-component alloys. Only when the alloy microstructure is a single-phase, approximately ideal solid solution does the contribution of configurational entropy to the total Gibbs free energy become dominant. Thus, high configurational entropy provides a way to rationalize, after the fact, why a solid solution forms (if it forms), but it is not a useful a priori predictor of which of the so-called high-entropy alloys will form thermodynamically stable single-phase solid solutions. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Otto, F.; Yang, Y.; Bei, H.; George, E. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Otto, F.; George, E. P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Otto, F (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM frederik.otto@rub.de RI George, Easo/L-5434-2014; Yang, Ying/E-5542-2017; OI Yang, Ying/0000-0001-6480-2254; Bei, Hongbin/0000-0003-0283-7990 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through a Feodor Lynen Research Fellowship FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. F.O. also received funding from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through a Feodor Lynen Research Fellowship. NR 21 TC 188 Z9 189 U1 47 U2 260 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 61 IS 7 BP 2628 EP 2638 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.01.042 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 120HQ UT WOS:000317161800031 ER PT J AU Stender, AS Marchuk, K Liu, C Sander, S Meyer, MW Smith, EA Neupane, B Wang, GF Li, JJ Cheng, JX Huang, B Fang, N AF Stender, Anthony S. Marchuk, Kyle Liu, Chang Sander, Suzanne Meyer, Matthew W. Smith, Emily A. Neupane, Bhanu Wang, Gufeng Li, Junjie Cheng, Ji-Xin Huang, Bo Fang, Ning TI Single Cell Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy SO CHEMICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID STOKES-RAMAN SCATTERING; RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; INTERNAL-REFLECTION FLUORESCENCE; MULTIFOCAL MULTIPHOTON MICROSCOPY; STRUCTURED-ILLUMINATION MICROSCOPY; INTERFERENCE CONTRAST MICROSCOPY; SELECTIVE PLANE ILLUMINATION; SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; MOLECULAR PHOTOACOUSTIC TOMOGRAPHY; CONFOCAL SCANNING MICROSCOPE C1 [Stender, Anthony S.; Marchuk, Kyle; Liu, Chang; Sander, Suzanne; Meyer, Matthew W.; Smith, Emily A.; Fang, Ning] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Stender, Anthony S.; Marchuk, Kyle; Liu, Chang; Sander, Suzanne; Meyer, Matthew W.; Smith, Emily A.; Fang, Ning] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Neupane, Bhanu; Wang, Gufeng] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Li, Junjie; Cheng, Ji-Xin] Purdue Univ, Weldon Sch Biomed Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Huang, Bo] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. [Huang, Bo] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. RP Fang, N (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM nfang@iastate.edu RI Fang, Ning/A-8456-2011; Liu, Chang/F-5472-2011; Li, Junjie/B-1424-2017; OI Li, Junjie/0000-0003-4542-300X; Liu, Chang/0000-0003-0508-4357; Smith, Emily/0000-0001-7438-7808 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences through The Ames Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0845236]; Searle Scholarship; Packard Fellowship for Science and Engineering; NIH Director's New Innovator Award FX A.S.S., K.M., C.L., M.W.M., E.A.S., and N.F. are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences through The Ames Laboratory. The Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. E.A.S. and S.S. were also supported by the National Science Foundation (CHE-0845236). B.H. is supported by a Searle Scholarship, Packard Fellowship for Science and Engineering, and NIH Director's New Innovator Award. NR 780 TC 88 Z9 91 U1 29 U2 391 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0009-2665 EI 1520-6890 J9 CHEM REV JI Chem. Rev. PD APR PY 2013 VL 113 IS 4 SI SI BP 2469 EP 2527 DI 10.1021/cr300336e PG 59 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 125OI UT WOS:000317548700007 PM 23410134 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, JA Xu, R Chen, CC Zou, YF Miao, JW AF Rodriguez, Jose A. Xu, Rui Chen, Chien-Chun Zou, Yunfei Miao, Jianwei TI Oversampling smoothness: an effective algorithm for phase retrieval of noisy diffraction intensities SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; FREE-ELECTRON LASER; REFLECTION GEOMETRY; RESOLUTION; MICROSCOPY; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; PATTERN; CELLS; WHOLE AB Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) is high-resolution lensless microscopy that has been applied to image a wide range of specimens using synchrotron radiation, X-ray free-electron lasers, high harmonic generation, soft X-ray lasers and electrons. Despite recent rapid advances, it remains a challenge to reconstruct fine features in weakly scattering objects such as biological specimens from noisy data. Here an effective iterative algorithm, termed oversampling smoothness (OSS), for phase retrieval of noisy diffraction intensities is presented. OSS exploits the correlation information among the pixels or voxels in the region outside of a support in real space. By properly applying spatial frequency filters to the pixels or voxels outside the support at different stages of the iterative process (i.e. a smoothness constraint), OSS finds a balance between the hybrid input-output (HIO) and error reduction (ER) algorithms to search for a global minimum in solution space, while reducing the oscillations in the reconstruction. Both numerical simulations with Poisson noise and experimental data from a biological cell indicate that OSS consistently outperforms the HIO, ER-HIO and noise robust (NR)-HIO algorithms at all noise levels in terms of accuracy and consistency of the reconstructions. It is expected that OSS will find application in the rapidly growing CDI field, as well as other disciplines where phase retrieval from noisy Fourier magnitudes is needed. The MATLAB (The MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA, USA) source code of the OSS algorithm is freely available from http://www.physics.ucla.edu/research/imaging. C1 [Rodriguez, Jose A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biol Chem, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Rodriguez, Jose A.] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA. [Xu, Rui; Chen, Chien-Chun; Zou, Yunfei; Miao, Jianwei] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Xu, Rui; Chen, Chien-Chun; Zou, Yunfei; Miao, Jianwei] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Calif NanoSyst Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Miao, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM miao@physics.ucla.edu FU National Institutes of Health [GM081409-01A1]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute Gilliam Fellowship; UCLA MBI Whitcome Fellowship FX This work was partially supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant No. GM081409-01A1). The Howard Hughes Medical Institute Gilliam Fellowship for graduate studies and the UCLA MBI Whitcome Fellowship supported JAR. NR 55 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 4 U2 53 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 46 BP 312 EP 318 DI 10.1107/S0021889813002471 PN 2 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 144ME UT WOS:000318942800003 PM 23596339 ER PT J AU Peterson, J TenCate, J Proffen, T Darling, T Nakotte, H Page, K AF Peterson, Joseph TenCate, James Proffen, Thomas Darling, Timothy Nakotte, Heinz Page, Katharine TI Quantifying amorphous and crystalline phase content with the atomic pair distribution function SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID QUARTZ CEMENT; GROWTH; NANOPARTICLES; SANDSTONES; SILICA; SITES AB Pair distribution function (PDF) analysis is a long-established technique for studying the local structure of amorphous and disordered crystalline materials. In today's increasingly complex materials landscape, the coexistence of amorphous and crystalline phases within single samples is not uncommon. Though a couple of reports have been published studying samples with amorphous and crystalline phases utilizing PDF analysis, to date little has been done to determine the sensitivity that the method currently has in resolving such contributions. This article reports a series of experiments that have been conducted on samples with known ratios of crystalline quartz and amorphous glassy silica to examine this question in detail. Systematic methods are proposed to obtain the best possible resolution in samples with unknown phase ratios and some problems that one might encounter during analysis are discussed. C1 [Peterson, Joseph; Nakotte, Heinz] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [TenCate, James] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Proffen, Thomas] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Darling, Timothy] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89577 USA. [Page, Katharine] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lujan Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Page, K (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Lujan Neutron Scattering Ctr, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM kpage@lanl.gov RI Page, Katharine/C-9726-2009; Proffen, Thomas/B-3585-2009 OI Page, Katharine/0000-0002-9071-3383; Proffen, Thomas/0000-0002-1408-6031 FU Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; National Science Foundation [DMR00-76488]; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; DOE BES Geosciences [DE-FG02-11ER16218] FX This work has benefited from the use of the Lujan Center at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, funded by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The upgrade of NPDF has been funded by the National Science Foundation through grant DMR00-76488. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. TD acknowledges support from DOE BES Geosciences (grant No. DE-FG02-11ER16218). NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 46 BP 332 EP 336 DI 10.1107/S0021889812050595 PN 2 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 144ME UT WOS:000318942800006 ER PT J AU Rehm, C Barker, J Bouwman, WG Pynn, R AF Rehm, Christine Barker, John Bouwman, Wim G. Pynn, Roger TI DCD USANS and SESANS: a comparison of two neutron scattering techniques applicable for the study of large-scale structures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SPIN-ECHO; RESEARCH REACTOR; INSTRUMENT; CRYSTALS; OPAL AB This paper provides a comparison of the capabilities of two techniques for extending the range of conventional small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) towards the micrometre length scale, namely the double-crystal diffraction ultra-small-angle neutron scattering (DCD USANS) technique, which uses perfect silicon crystals in Bragg reflection, and spin-echo SANS (SESANS), a method that uses the spin precessions of a polarized neutron beam. Both methods encode the scattering angle to very high precision. Based on round-robin test measurements, the strengths and weaknesses of the two techniques are discussed with respect to the measurement of the particle size of monodisperse scatterers, and potential performance gains for state-of-the-art DCD USANS and SESANS instruments are investigated. C1 [Rehm, Christine] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia. [Barker, John] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Bouwman, Wim G.] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Sci Appl, Dept Radiat Radionuclides & Reactors, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands. [Pynn, Roger] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Pynn, Roger] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Rehm, C (reprint author), Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia. EM cre@ansto.gov.au RI Bouwman, Wim/C-8669-2009 OI Bouwman, Wim/0000-0002-5331-8085 FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0454672]; US Department of Energy through its Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Material Science and Engineering [ER46279] FX At Delft University of Technology we thank Chris Duif and Jeroen Plomp for their assistance in the SESANS experiments, and Henk Lukas for flame sealing of sample quartz cuvettes. At ANSTO we thank Chris Garvey and Tracey Hanley for their assistance in spectrophotometer and densitometer measurements, and David Stathers for flame sealing of sample quartz cuvettes. This work utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0454672. RP was supported in this work by the US Department of Energy through its Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Material Science and Engineering (grant No. ER46279). The mention of commercial products does not imply endorsement by NIST, nor does it imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 46 BP 354 EP 364 DI 10.1107/S0021889812050029 PN 2 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 144ME UT WOS:000318942800009 ER PT J AU Li, H Li, XD He, M Li, YC Liu, J Shen, GY Zhang, Z AF Li, Hui Li, Xiaodong He, Meng Li, Yanchun Liu, Jing Shen, Guoyin Zhang, Ze TI Indexing of multi-particle diffraction data in a high-pressure single-crystal diffraction experiment SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID GENETIC ALGORITHM; PROGRAM; CELL AB High-pressure single-crystal diffraction experiments often suffer from the crushing of single crystals due to the application of high pressure. Consequently, only diffraction data resulting from several particles in random orientations is available, which cannot be routinely indexed by commonly used methods designed for single-crystal data. A protocol is proposed to index such diffraction data. The techniques of powder pattern indexing are first used to propose the possible lattice parameters, and then a genetic algorithm is applied to determine the orientation of the reciprocal lattice for each of the particles. This protocol has been verified experimentally. C1 [Li, Hui] Beijing Univ Technol, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China. [Li, Xiaodong; Li, Yanchun; Liu, Jing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [He, Meng] Natl Ctr Nanosci & Technol, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. [Shen, Guoyin] Argonne Natl Lab, HP CAT, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Zhang, Ze] Zhejiang Univ, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Li, H (reprint author), Beijing Univ Technol, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China. EM huilicn@yahoo.com RI He, Meng/D-1890-2013 OI He, Meng/0000-0003-3283-3325 FU Natural Science Foundation of China [11075175] FX This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 11075175. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 46 BP 387 EP 390 DI 10.1107/S0021889812051886 PN 2 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 144ME UT WOS:000318942800013 ER PT J AU Li, SF Suter, RM AF Li, S. F. Suter, R. M. TI Adaptive reconstruction method for three-dimensional orientation imaging SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; INDIVIDUAL GRAINS; ELASTIC STRAINS; POLYCRYSTALS; MICROSCOPY; DEFORMATION; POWDERS; TOMOGRAPHY; BOUNDARIES; RESOLUTION AB An adaptive orientation reconstruction algorithm is developed for near-field high-energy X-ray diffraction microscopy. When combined with a spatially adaptive extension the algorithm results in a factor of 10-1000 speed-up over the existing forward modeling reconstruction method while preserving most of the spatial and orientation resolution characteristics. Tests of the reconstruction code based on simulated structures and real data on a complex microstructure are presented. Simulated structures include intra-granular orientation gradients and noisy detector images. It is shown that resolution in both real space and orientation space degrades gracefully as complexity and detector noise increase. C1 [Li, S. F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Li, S. F.; Suter, R. M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Li, SF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM li31@llnl.gov RI Li, Shiu Fai/B-2605-2014; Suter, Robert/P-2541-2014 OI Li, Shiu Fai/0000-0001-9805-5621; Suter, Robert/0000-0002-0651-0437 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DESC0002001]; National Science Foundation Metals and Metallic Nanostructures program [DMR-0805100]; NSF MRSEC program [DMR-0520425]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation [DMR080072]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development program [LDRD 10-ERD-053]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-577792)] FX We thank J. Lind and C. M. Hefferan for many helpful comments and discussions. This research was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under award DESC0002001 (specifically for work on adaptations of the algorithm for deformed microstructures), by the National Science Foundation Metals and Metallic Nanostructures program under award DMR-0805100, and by the NSF MRSEC program under award DMR-0520425 (for overall algorithm and technique development work). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Research was also supported in part by the National Science Foundation through XSEDE resources provided by Texas Advanced Computing Center under grant number DMR080072. SFL gratefully acknowledges funding under Laboratory Directed Research and Development program LDRD 10-ERD-053. This work was performed in part under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-577792). NR 40 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 46 BP 512 EP 524 DI 10.1107/S0021889813005268 PN 2 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 144ME UT WOS:000318942800028 ER PT J AU Alkire, RW Rotella, FJ Duke, NEC AF Alkire, R. W. Rotella, F. J. Duke, N. E. C. TI Testing commercial protein crystallography sample mounting loops for movement in a cold-stream SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; DETECTOR; DIFFRACTION; DAMAGE AB The purpose of this study was to determine the relative stiffness of the more common sample mounting loops used in protein crystallography experiments and to see if they were moving under the influence of the nitrogen cold-stream gas. The 'stress test' involved mounting a silicon single crystal onto a loop and seeing how reproducibly a single reflection could be measured at low temperature using a photodiode detector. Once a general ranking of loop stiffness was obtained, crystals of tetragonal lysozyme were mounted in these loops to investigate if data quality was being degraded as a result of cold-stream gas-induced loop motion. Sample motion was assessed using a differential measurement based on data sets taken at two different kappa orientations on the same sample. Four of the eight sample mounting loops tested showed evidence of motion in at least one lysozyme data set using typical sample sizes and normal data collection conditions. These results suggest that loop thickness is key to increased stiffness, and factors such as loop design and frozen solvent can also play an important role. C1 [Alkire, R. W.; Rotella, F. J.; Duke, N. E. C.] Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Alkire, RW (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Biosci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM alkire@anl.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors wish to thank Zbyszek Otwinowski and Dominika Borek for helpful discussions regarding data processing and loop motion and Zbyszek Dauter for insight into diffraction experiment data quality. This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research and Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 46 BP 525 EP 536 DI 10.1107/S0021889813003348 PN 2 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 144ME UT WOS:000318942800029 ER PT J AU Toby, BH Von Dreele, RB AF Toby, Brian H. Von Dreele, Robert B. TI GSAS-II: the genesis of a modern open-source all purpose crystallography software package SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Software Review ID POWDER DIFFRACTION; REFINEMENT; RIETVELD AB The newly developed GSAS-II software is a general purpose package for data reduction, structure solution and structure refinement that can be used with both single-crystal and powder diffraction data from both neutron and X-ray sources, including laboratory and synchrotron sources, collected on both two- and one-dimensional detectors. It is intended that GSAS-II will eventually replace both the GSAS and the EXPGUI packages, as well as many other utilities. GSAS-II is open source and is written largely in object-oriented Python but offers speeds comparable to compiled code because of its reliance on the Python NumPy and SciPy packages for computation. It runs on all common computer platforms and offers highly integrated graphics, both for a user interface and for interpretation of parameters. The package can be applied to all stages of crystallographic analysis for constant-wavelength X-ray and neutron data. Plans for considerable additional development are discussed. C1 [Toby, Brian H.; Von Dreele, Robert B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Von Dreele, RB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM vondreele@anl.gov RI Toby, Brian/F-3176-2013 OI Toby, Brian/0000-0001-8793-8285 FU US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science user facility operated for the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We would like to thank James Hester for his PyCIFRW package, which greatly simplified integration of CIF support, and we thank the APS for its continuous support of the GSAS-II Subversion server and web site/wiki pages. NR 16 TC 124 Z9 124 U1 9 U2 114 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 1600-5767 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 46 BP 544 EP 549 DI 10.1107/S0021889813003531 PN 2 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 144ME UT WOS:000318942800032 ER PT J AU Juhas, P Davis, T Farrow, CL Billinge, SJL AF Juhas, P. Davis, T. Farrow, C. L. Billinge, S. J. L. TI PDFgetX3: a rapid and highly automatable program for processing powder diffraction data into total scattering pair distribution functions SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Software Review ID IN-SITU; DETECTOR; GROWTH; IMAGE AB PDFgetX3 is a new software application for converting X-ray powder diffraction data to an atomic pair distribution function (PDF). PDFgetX3 has been designed for ease of use, speed and automated operation. The software can readily process hundreds of X-ray patterns within a few seconds and is thus useful for high-throughput PDF studies that measure numerous data sets as a function of time, temperature or other environmental parameters. In comparison to the preceding programs, PDFgetX3 requires fewer inputs and less user experience and it can be readily adopted by novice users. The live-plotting interactive feature allows the user to assess the effects of calculation parameters and select their optimum values. PDFgetX3 uses an ad hoc data correction method, where the slowly changing structure-independent signal is filtered out to obtain coherent X-ray intensities that contain structure information. The output from PDFgetX3 has been verified by processing experimental PDFs from inorganic, organic and nanosized samples and comparing them with their counterparts from a previous established software. In spite of the different algorithm, the obtained PDFs were nearly identical and yielded highly similar results when used in structure refinement. PDFgetX3 is written in the Python language and features a well documented reusable code base. The software can be used either as a standalone application or as a library of PDF processing functions that can be called from other Python scripts. The software is free for open academic research but requires paid license for commercial use. C1 [Juhas, P.; Davis, T.; Farrow, C. L.; Billinge, S. J. L.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Billinge, S. J. L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Billinge, SJL (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM sb2896@columbia.edu OI Juhas, Pavol/0000-0001-8751-4458 NR 29 TC 135 Z9 137 U1 6 U2 93 PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY PI CHESTER PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND SN 1600-5767 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 46 BP 560 EP 566 DI 10.1107/S0021889813005190 PN 2 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA 144ME UT WOS:000318942800035 ER PT J AU Ltaief, H Luszczek, P Dongarra, J AF Ltaief, Hatem Luszczek, Piotr Dongarra, Jack TI High-Performance Bidiagonal Reduction using Tile Algorithms on Homogeneous Multicore Architectures SO ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Algorithms; Performance; Bidiagional reduction; tile algorithms; two-stage approach; bulge chasing; data translation layer; high performance kernels; dynamic scheduling ID SINGULAR-VALUE DECOMPOSITION; PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS; STATISTICAL VARIABLES; CORE ARCHITECTURES; FORM; COMPLEX; MATRIX AB This article presents a new high-performance bidiagonal reduction (BRD) for homogeneous multicore architectures. This article is an extension of the high-performance tridiagonal reduction implemented by the same authors [Luszczek et al., IPDPS 2011] to the BRD case. The BRD is the first step toward computing the singular value decomposition of a matrix, which is one of the most important algorithms in numerical linear algebra due to its broad impact in computational science. The high performance of the BRD described in this article comes from the combination of four important features: (1) tile algorithms with tile data layout, which provide an efficient data representation in main memory; (2) a two-stage reduction approach that allows to cast most of the computation during the first stage (reduction to band form) into calls to Level 3 BLAS and reduces the memory traffic during the second stage (reduction from band to bidiagonal form) by using high-performance kernels optimized for cache reuse; (3) a data dependence translation layer that maps the general algorithm with column-major data layout into the tile data layout; and (4) a dynamic runtime system that efficiently schedules the newly implemented kernels across the processing units and ensures that the data dependencies are not violated. A detailed analysis is provided to understand the critical impact of the tile size on the total execution time, which also corresponds to the matrix bandwidth size after the reduction of the first stage. The performance results show a significant improvement over currently established alternatives. The new high-performance BRD achieves up to a 30-fold speedup on a 16-core Intel Xeon machine with a 12000x12000 matrix size against the state-of-the-art open source and commercial numerical software packages, namely LAPACK, compiled with optimized and multithreaded BLAS from MKL as well as Intel MKL version 10.2. C1 [Ltaief, Hatem] Kaust Supercomp Lab, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. [Luszczek, Piotr; Dongarra, Jack] Univ Tennessee, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Innovat Comp Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dongarra, Jack] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Dongarra, Jack] Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Ltaief, H (reprint author), Kaust Supercomp Lab, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. EM Ltaief@kaust.edu.sa; Luszczek@eecs.uth.edu; dongarra@eecs.utk.edu RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; OI Ltaief, Hatem/0000-0002-6897-1095 FU National Science Foundation; Department of Energy; Microsoft Research FX This research reported here was supported in part by the National Science Foundation, the Department of Energy, and Microsoft Research. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0098-3500 J9 ACM T MATH SOFTWARE JI ACM Trans. Math. Softw. PD APR PY 2013 VL 39 IS 3 AR 16 DI 10.1145/2450153.2450154 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 140BI UT WOS:000318628800001 ER PT J AU Curry, E O'Donnell, J Corry, E Hasan, S Keane, M O'Riain, S AF Curry, Edward O'Donnell, James Corry, Edward Hasan, Souleiman Keane, Marcus O'Riain, Sean TI Linking building data in the cloud: Integrating cross-domain building data using linked data SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Linked data; Data interoperability; Building energy analysis; Building management; Building information model; Data as a service AB Within the operational phase buildings are now producing more data than ever before, from energy usage, utility information, occupancy patterns, weather data, etc. In order to manage a building holistically it is important to use knowledge from across these information sources. However, many barriers exist to their interoperability and there is little interaction between these islands of information. As part of moving building data to the cloud there is a critical need to reflect on the design of cloud-based data services and how they are designed from an interoperability perspective. If new cloud data services are designed in the same manner as traditional building management systems they will suffer from the data interoperability problems. Linked data technology leverages the existing open protocols and W3C standards of the Web architecture for sharing structured data on the web. In this paper we propose the use of linked data as an enabling technology for cloud-based building data services. The objective of linking building data in the cloud is to create an integrated well-connected graph of relevant information for managing a building. This paper describes the fundamentals of the approach and demonstrates the concept within a Small Medium sized Enterprise (SME) with an owner-occupied office building. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Curry, Edward; Hasan, Souleiman; O'Riain, Sean] Natl Univ Ireland, Digital Enterprise Res Inst, Galway, Ireland. [O'Donnell, James] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Simulat Res Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Corry, Edward; Keane, Marcus] Natl Univ Ireland, Informat Res Unit Sustainable Engn, Galway, Ireland. RP Curry, E (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland, Digital Enterprise Res Inst, IDA Business Pk, Galway, Ireland. EM ed.curry@deri.org; JTODonnell@lbl.gov; edwardcorry@nuigalway.ie; souleiman.hasan@deri.org; marcus.keane@nuigalway.ie; sean.oriain@deri.org FU Science Foundation Ireland [SFI/08/CE/I1380 (Lion-2)] FX This work has been funded by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. SFI/08/CE/I1380 (Lion-2). NR 40 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1474-0346 J9 ADV ENG INFORM JI Adv. Eng. Inform. PD APR PY 2013 VL 27 IS 2 BP 206 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.aei.2012.10.003 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 142WO UT WOS:000318828500006 ER PT J AU Singhal, A Yuan, F Stock, SR Almer, JD Brinson, LC Dunand, DC AF Singhal, Anjali Yuan, Fang Stock, Stuart R. Almer, Jonathan D. Brinson, L. Catherine Dunand, David C. TI Evolution of Phase Strains During Tensile Loading of Bovine Cortical Bone SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; INDIVIDUAL COLLAGEN FIBRILS; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COMPACT-BONE; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; MICROMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; FIBER ORIENTATION; YOUNGS MODULUS; LENGTH SCALES AB Synchrotron X-ray scattering is used to measure average strains in the two main nanoscale phases of cortical bone - hydroxyapatite (HAP) platelets and collagen fibrils - under tensile loading at body temperature (37 degrees C) and under completely hydrated conditions. Dog-bone shaped specimens from bovine femoral cortical bone were prepared from three anatomical quadrants: anterio-medial, anterio-lateral, and posterio-lateral. The apparent HAP and fibrillar elastic moduli - ratios of tensile stress as applied externally and phase strains as measured by diffraction - exhibit significant correlations with the (i) femur quadrant from which the samples are obtained, (ii) properties obtained at the micro-scale using micro-computed tomography, i. e., microstructure, porosity and attenuation coefficient, and (iii) properties at the macro-scale using thermo-gravimetry and tensile testing, i. e., volume fraction and Young's modulus. Comparison of these tensile apparent moduli with compressive apparent moduli (previously published for samples from the same animal and tested under the same temperature and irradiation conditions) indicates that collagen deforms plastically to a greater extent in tension. Greater strains in the collagen fibril and concomitant greater load transfer to the HAP result in apparent moduli that are significantly lower in tension than in compression for both phases. However, tensile and compressive Young's moduli measured macroscopically are not significantly different during uniaxial testing. C1 [Singhal, Anjali; Yuan, Fang; Brinson, L. Catherine; Dunand, David C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Stock, Stuart R.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Biol Chem, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Almer, Jonathan D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60438 USA. [Brinson, L. Catherine] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Singhal, A (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM anjalisinghal2007@u.northwestern.edu RI Brinson, L. Catherine/B-6678-2009; Dunand, David/B-7515-2009; Brinson, L Catherine/B-1315-2013; OI Brinson, L Catherine/0000-0003-2551-1563; Dunand, David/0000-0001-5476-7379 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors thank Dr. Alix Deymier-Black (NU) for numerous useful discussions throughout this work as well as assistance with the diffraction experiments at the APS beamline 1-ID-C. They also acknowledge Dr. Xianghui Xiao (APS) for his help with the micro-CT experiments at APS beamline 2BM. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 76 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 25 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1438-1656 J9 ADV ENG MATER JI Adv. Eng. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 15 IS 4 BP 238 EP 249 DI 10.1002/adem.201200204 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 135UE UT WOS:000318313200004 ER PT J AU Kertesz, V Van Berke, GJ AF Kertesz, Vilmos Van Berke, Gary J. TI Automated liquid microjunction surface sampling-HPLC-MS/MS analysis of drugs and metabolites in whole-body thin tissue sections SO BIOANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID DESORPTION ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; ANALYSIS MASS-SPECTROMETRY; EXTRACTION; AUTORADIOGRAPHY; CHROMATOGRAPHY; DISCOVERY; PROBE; SPOTS; MS AB Background: The aim of this work was to develop a fully automated liquid extraction-based surface sampling system utilizing a commercially available autosampler coupled with HPLC-MS/MS detection. Results: Discrete spots selected for droplet-based sampling and automated sample queue generation, for both the autosampler and MS, were enabled by using in-house developed software. In addition, co-registration of spatially resolved sampling positions and HPLC-MS information to generate heat maps of compounds monitored for subsequent data analysis was also available in the software. The system was evaluated with whole-body thin tissue sections from propranolol-dosed rats. Conclusion: The spatial distributions of both the drug and its hydroxypropranolol glucuronide metabolites were consistent with previous studies employing other liquid extraction-based surface sampling methodologies. C1 [Kertesz, Vilmos; Van Berke, Gary J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Kertesz, V (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Organ & Biol Mass Spectrometry Grp, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM kerteszv@ornl.gov RI Kertesz, Vilmos/M-8357-2016 OI Kertesz, Vilmos/0000-0003-0186-5797 FU Cooperative Research and Development Agreement [CRADA NFE-10-02966]; AB Sciex; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The QTRAP 5500 instrument was provided on loan and advancement of this surface sampling technology was supported by funding provided through a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA NFE-10-02966) with AB Sciex. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 13 PU FUTURE SCI LTD PI LONDON PA UNITED HOUSE, 2 ALBERT PL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1757-6180 J9 BIOANALYSIS JI Bioanalysis PD APR PY 2013 VL 5 IS 7 BP 819 EP 826 DI 10.4155/BIO.13.42 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 139LW UT WOS:000318585200012 PM 23534426 ER PT J AU Bao, J Xu, ZJ Lin, G Fang, YL AF Bao, Jie Xu, Zhijie Lin, Guang Fang, Yilin TI Evaluating the impact of aquifer layer properties on geomechanical response during CO2 geological sequestration SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE CO2 geological sequestration; Coupled hydro-mechanical model; Finite element method (FEM); Sensitivity analysis; Uncertainty analysis ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; FAULT REACTIVATION; FLUID-FLOW; DEFORMATION; REGRESSION; CONSOLIDATION; INJECTION; DISPOSAL; PRESSURE; BOXPLOT AB Numerical models play an essential role in understanding the facts of carbon dioxide (CO2) geological sequestration in the life cycle of a storage reservoir. We present a series of test cases that reflect a broad and realistic range of aquifer reservoir properties to systematically evaluate and compare the impacts on the geomechanical response to CO2 injection. In this study, a coupled hydro-mechanical model was applied to simulate the sequestration process, and a quasi-Monte Carlo sampling method was employed to efficiently sample the value of aquifer properties and geometry parameters. Through quantitative sensitivity analysis, the impacts of all the input parameters are ranked. Aquifer permeability was found to be of significant importance to the geomechanical response to the injection. To study the influence of uncertainty of the permeability distribution in the aquifer, an additional series of tests is presented, based on a default permeability distribution site sample with various distribution deviations generated by the Monte Carlo sampling method. The results of the test series show that the uncertainty of permeability distributions significantly affect the displacement and possible failure zone. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bao, Jie] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Fluid & Computat Engn Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Xu, Zhijie; Lin, Guang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Computat Math Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Fang, Yilin] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Hydrol Tech Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bao, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Fluid & Computat Engn Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jie.bao@pnnl.gov RI Fang, Yilin/J-5137-2015; Xu, Zhijie/A-1627-2009 OI Xu, Zhijie/0000-0003-0459-4531 FU Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Carbon Sequestration Initiative part of the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This research was funded and conducted through the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Carbon Sequestration Initiative, which is part of the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 47 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 54 BP 28 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.01.015 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 136PW UT WOS:000318376900004 ER PT J AU Beeman, JW Bellini, F Cardani, L Casali, N Di Domizio, S Fiorini, E Gironi, L Nagorny, SS Nisi, S Orio, F Pattavina, L Pessina, G Piperno, G Pirro, S Previtali, E Rusconi, C Tomei, C Vignati, M AF Beeman, J. W. Bellini, F. Cardani, L. Casali, N. Di Domizio, S. Fiorini, E. Gironi, L. Nagorny, S. S. Nisi, S. Orio, F. Pattavina, L. Pessina, G. Piperno, G. Pirro, S. Previtali, E. Rusconi, C. Tomei, C. Vignati, M. TI New experimental limits on the alpha decays of lead isotopes SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION; HALF-LIVES; SIGNALS; NUCLEI; DETECTORS; STATE; NOISE AB For the first time ancient Roman lead was used to grow a crystal of PbWO4, and this crystal has subsequently been used as a cryogenic particle detector. The new device provides independent readout of heat and scintillation light and is able to discriminate between beta/gamma interactions and alpha interactions down to few keV. Stringent limits on the a decays of the lead isotopes are presented. In particular a limit of T-1/2 > 1.4 . 10(20) y at a 90% C.L. was evaluated for the a decay of Pb-204 to Hg-200. C1 [Beeman, J. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bellini, F.; Cardani, L.; Piperno, G.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Bellini, F.; Cardani, L.; Orio, F.; Piperno, G.; Tomei, C.; Vignati, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Casali, N.] Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Fis, I-67100 Laquila, Italy. [Casali, N.; Nagorny, S. S.; Nisi, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, I-67010 Laquila, Italy. [Di Domizio, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Fiorini, E.; Gironi, L.; Previtali, E.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis, I-20126 Milan, Italy. [Fiorini, E.; Gironi, L.; Pattavina, L.; Pessina, G.; Pirro, S.; Previtali, E.; Rusconi, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20126 Milan, Italy. [Nagorny, S. S.] MSP, Inst Nucl Res, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine. RP Beeman, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM luca.pattavina@mib.infn.it RI Vignati, Marco/H-1684-2013; Bellini, Fabio/D-1055-2009; Di Domizio, Sergio/L-6378-2014; Pattavina, Luca/I-7498-2015; Gironi, Luca/P-2860-2016; Casali, Nicola/C-9475-2017; OI Vignati, Marco/0000-0002-8945-1128; Bellini, Fabio/0000-0002-2936-660X; Di Domizio, Sergio/0000-0003-2863-5895; Pattavina, Luca/0000-0003-4192-849X; Gironi, Luca/0000-0003-2019-0967; Casali, Nicola/0000-0003-3669-8247; Nahornyi, Serhii/0000-0002-8679-3747 FU European Research Council under the European Union [247115] FX This work was made in the frame of the LUCIFER experiment, funded by the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 247115. Thanks are due to E. Tatananni, A. Rotilio, A. Corsi, B. Romualdi and F. De Amicis for continuous and constructive help in the overall set-up construction. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD APR PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 AR 50 DI 10.1140/epja/i2013-13050-7 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 137GY UT WOS:000318424800009 ER PT J AU Bertolli, MG AF Bertolli, M. G. TI Correlation testing for nuclear density functional theory SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID HARTREE-FOCK CALCULATIONS; SKYRMES INTERACTION; DRIP-LINE; STATE; SURFACE; MASSES AB Correlation testing provides a quick method of discriminating amongst potential terms to include in a nuclear mass formula or functional and is a necessary tool for further nuclear mass models; however a firm mathematical foundation of the method has not been previously set forth. Here, the necessary justification for correlation testing is developed and more detail of the motivation behind its use is given. Examples are provided to clarify the method analytically and for computational benchmarking. We provide a quantitative demonstration of the method's performance and short-comings, highlighting also potential issues a user may encounter. In concluding we suggest some possible future developments to improve the limitations of the method. C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bertolli, MG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mbertolli@lanl.gov FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX The author would like to acknowledge the discussions with B. Willett that prompted this work, as well as the critiques and reviews of this paper by S.V. Paulauskas, K.A. Chipps, T. Kawano and J. Therrien. The author also thanks anonymous referees for thoughtful comments on the manuscript. This work was carried out under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 EI 1434-601X J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD APR PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 AR 43 DI 10.1140/epja/i2013-13043-6 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 137GY UT WOS:000318424800002 ER PT J AU Wiens, A Birkenbach, B Bruyneel, B Eberth, J Hess, H Pascovici, G Reiter, P Bazzacco, D Farnea, E Michelagnoli, C Recchia, F AF Wiens, A. Birkenbach, B. Bruyneel, B. Eberth, J. Hess, H. Pascovici, Gh Reiter, P. Bazzacco, D. Farnea, E. Michelagnoli, C. Recchia, F. CA AGATA Collaboration TI Improved energy resolution of highly segmented HPGe detectors by noise reduction SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A LA English DT Article ID GERMANIUM AB Built-in redundancies in highly segmented high-purity Ge detectors are exploited to increase the energy resolution of these semiconductor devices for detection of electromagnetic radiation in the X-ray and gamma-ray regime. The information of the two electronically decoupled independent measurements, the cathode and the anode electrodes, provides an improved signal-to-noise ratio through a combination of the individually measured signals performed on an event-by-event basis. The average energy resolution values of the AGATA triple cluster detector for an energy deposition of 60 keV was measured to be 1.1 keV (FWHM) for the 36 segments and 1.2 keV for the core. The averaged signals of the core and the segments show an improved resolution value of 0.87 keV which is close to the expected theoretical limit. At higher gamma-ray energy the averaging technique allows for an enhanced energy resolution with a FWHM of 2.15 keV at 1.3 MeV. By means of the position sensitive operation of AGATA a new value for the Fano factor was determined and the noise contributions to the FWHM of a gamma-ray peak separated. C1 [Wiens, A.; Birkenbach, B.; Bruyneel, B.; Eberth, J.; Hess, H.; Pascovici, Gh; Reiter, P.] Inst Kernphys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Bazzacco, D.; Farnea, E.; Michelagnoli, C.; Recchia, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy. RP Wiens, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM preiter@ikp.uni-koeln.de OI Recchia, Francesco/0000-0002-8428-0112 FU German BMBF [06K-167, 06KY205I]; EU [RII3-CT-2004-506065] FX This research was supported by the German BMBF under Grants 06K-167 and 06KY205I. AGATA was supported by the European funding bodies and the EU Contract RII3-CT-2004-506065. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6001 J9 EUR PHYS J A JI Eur. Phys. J. A PD APR PY 2013 VL 49 IS 4 AR 47 DI 10.1140/epja/i2013-13047-2 PG 10 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 137GY UT WOS:000318424800006 ER PT J AU D'Eramo, F McCullough, M Thaler, J AF D'Eramo, Francesco McCullough, Matthew Thaler, Jesse TI Multiple gamma lines from semi-annihilation SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dark matter theory; gamma ray theory ID NONBARYONIC DARK-MATTER; NEUTRALINO ANNIHILATION; STANDARD MODEL; 2 PHOTONS; RAY LINE; HEAVY; PARTICLES; SCALAR; CANDIDATES; ABUNDANCE AB Hints in the Fermi data for a 130 GeV gamma line from the galactic center have ignited interest in potential gamma line signatures of dark matter. Explanations of this line based on dark matter annihilation face a parametric tension since they often rely on large enhancements of loop-suppressed cross sections. In this paper, we pursue an alternative possibility that dark matter gamma lines could arise from "semi-annihilation" among multiple dark sector states. The semi-annihilation reaction psi(i)psi(j) -> psi(k)gamma with a single final state photon is typically enhanced relative to ordinary annihilation psi(i)(psi) over bar (i) -> gamma gamma into photon pairs. Semi-annihilation allows for a wide range of dark matter masses compared to the fixed mass value required by annihilation, opening the possibility to explain potential dark matter signatures at higher energies. The most striking prediction of semi-annihilation is the presence of multiple gamma lines, with as many as order N-3 lines possible for N dark sector states, allowing for dark sector spectroscopy. A smoking gun signature arises in the simplest case of degenerate dark matter, where a strong semi-annihilation line at 130 GeV would be accompanied by a weaker annihilation line at 173 GeV. As a proof of principle, we construct two explicit models of dark matter semi-annihilation, one based on non-Abelian vector dark matter and the other based on retro fitting Rayleigh dark matter. C1 [D'Eramo, Francesco] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [D'Eramo, Francesco] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Theoret Phys Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [D'Eramo, Francesco; McCullough, Matthew; Thaler, Jesse] MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP D'Eramo, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM fraderamo@berkeley.edu; mccull@mit.edu; jthaler@mit.edu OI Thaler, Jesse/0000-0002-2406-8160; D'Eramo, Francesco/0000-0001-8499-7685 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-05ER-41360]; Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science; Simons Postdoctoral Fellowship; DOE Early Career research program [DE-FG02-11ER-41741] FX We thank Raffaele Tito D'Agnolo, Douglas Finkbeiner, Mariangela Lisanti, Yasunori Nomura, Maurizio Pierini, and Jacob Wacker for helpful conversations. This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under cooperative research agreement DE-FG02-05ER-41360. F.D. is supported by the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, M.M. is supported by a Simons Postdoctoral Fellowship, and J.T. is supported by the DOE Early Career research program DE-FG02-11ER-41741. NR 104 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 IS 4 AR 030 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2013/04/030 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 139BJ UT WOS:000318556200030 ER PT J AU Linder, EV AF Linder, Eric V. TI Testing dark matter clustering with redshift space distortions SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxy clustering; redshift surveys; cosmological parameters from LSS ID COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; GROWTH; ENERGY; DENSITY; PROBE AB The growth rate of large scale structure can probe whether dark matter clusters at gravitational strength or deviates from this, e.g. due to self interactions. Measurement of the growth rate through redshift space distortions in galaxy redshift surveys constrains the clustering strength, and its redshift dependence. We compare such effects on growth to those from high redshift deviations (e.g. early dark energy) or modified gravity, and give a simple, highly accurate analytic prescription. Current observations can constrain the dark matter clustering strength to F-cl = 0.99 +/- 0.02 of standard, if all other parameters are held fixed, but substantial covariances exist. Future galaxy redshift surveys may constrain an evolving clustering strength to 28%, marginalizing over the other parameters, or 4% if the dark energy parameters are held fixed while fitting for dark matter growth. Tighter constraints on the nature of dark matter could be obtained by combining cosmological and astrophysical probes. C1 [Linder, Eric V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Linder, Eric V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Linder, Eric V.] Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Universe WCU, Seoul 120750, South Korea. RP Linder, EV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM evlinder@lbl.gov FU DOE grant [DE-SC-0007867]; Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; World Class University grant through the National Research Foundation, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea [R32-2009-000-10130-0] FX This work has been supported by DOE grant DE-SC-0007867 and the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and World Class University grant R32-2009-000-10130-0 through the National Research Foundation, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Korea. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 IS 4 AR 031 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2013/04/031 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 139BJ UT WOS:000318556200031 ER PT J AU Slosar, A Irsic, V Kirkby, D Bailey, S Busca, NG Delubac, T Rich, J Aubourg, E Bautista, JE Bhardwaj, V Blomqvist, M Bolton, AS Bovy, J Brownstein, J Carithers, B Croft, RAC Dawson, KS Font-Ribera, A Le Goff, JM Ho, S Honscheid, K Lee, KG Margala, D McDonald, P Medolin, B Miralda-Escude, J Myers, AD Nichol, RC Noterdaeme, P Palanque-Delabrouille, N Paris, I Petitjean, P Pieri, MM Piskur, Y Roe, NA Ross, NP Rossi, G Schlegel, DJ Schneider, DP Suzuki, N Sheldon, ES Seljak, U Viel, M Weinberg, DH Yeche, C AF Slosar, Anze Irsic, Vid Kirkby, David Bailey, Stephen Busca, Nicolas G. Delubac, Timothee Rich, James Aubourg, Eric Bautista, Julian E. Bhardwaj, Vaishali Blomqvist, Michael Bolton, Adam S. Bovy, Jo Brownstein, Joel Carithers, Bill Croft, Rupert A. C. Dawson, Kyle S. Font-Ribera, Andreu Le Goff, J. -M. Ho, Shirley Honscheid, Klaus Lee, Khee-Gan Margala, Daniel McDonald, Patrick Medolin, Bumbarija Miralda-Escude, Jordi Myers, Adam D. Nichol, Robert C. Noterdaeme, Pasquier Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie Paris, Isabelle Petitjean, Patrick Pieri, Matthew M. Piskur, Yodovina Roe, Natalie A. Ross, Nicholas P. Rossi, Graziano Schlegel, David J. Schneider, Donald P. Suzuki, Nao Sheldon, Erin S. Seljak, Uros Viel, Matteo Weinberg, David H. Yeche, Christophe TI Measurement of baryon acoustic oscillations in the Lyman-alpha forest fluctuations in BOSS data release 9 SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE dark energy experiments; Lyman alpha forest; baryon acoustic oscillations ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; GALAXY REDSHIFT SURVEYS; EARLY DARK ENERGY; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; TARGET SELECTION; POWER SPECTRUM; SUPERNOVAE; TELESCOPE; UNIVERSE AB We use the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release 9 (DR9) to detect and measure the position of the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) feature in the three-dimensional correlation function in the Lyman-alpha forest flux fluctuations at a redshift z(eff) = 2.4. The feature is clearly detected at significance between 3 and 5 sigma (depending on the broadband model and method of error covariance matrix estimation) and is consistent with predictions of the standard Lambda CDM model. We assess the biases in our method, stability of the error covariance matrix and possible systematic effects. We fit the resulting correlation function with several models that decouple the broadband and acoustic scale information. For an isotropic dilation factor, we measure 100 x (alpha(iso) - 1) = -1.6(-2.0 -4.1 -6.8)(+2.0 +4.3 +7.4) (stat.) +/- 1.0 (syst.) (multiple statistical errors denote 1,2 and 3 sigma confidence limits) with respect to the acoustic scale in the fiducial cosmological model (flat Lambda CDM with Omega(m) = 0.27, h = 0.7). When fitting separately for the radial and transversal dilation factors we find marginalised constraints 100 x (alpha(vertical bar vertical bar) - 1) = - 1.3(-3.3 -6.7 -10.2)(+3.5 +7.6 +1 2.3) (stat.) +/- 2.0 (syst.) and 100 x (alpha(perpendicular to) - 1) = -2.2(-7.1 -15)(+7.4 +17) (stat.) +/- 3.0 (syst.). The dilation factor measurements are significantly correlated with cross-correlation coefficient of similar to -0.55. Errors become significantly non-Gaussian for deviations over 3 standard deviations from best fit value. Because of the data cuts and analysis method, these measurements give tighter constraints than a previous BAO analysis of the BOSS DR9 Lyman-alpha forest sample, providing an important consistency test of the standard cosmological model in a new redshift regime. C1 [Slosar, Anze; Sheldon, Erin S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11375 USA. [Irsic, Vid] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Kirkby, David; Blomqvist, Michael; Margala, Daniel] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Bailey, Stephen; Bhardwaj, Vaishali; Carithers, Bill; Font-Ribera, Andreu; McDonald, Patrick; Roe, Natalie A.; Ross, Nicholas P.; Schlegel, David J.; Suzuki, Nao; Seljak, Uros] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Busca, Nicolas G.; Aubourg, Eric; Bautista, Julian E.] Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, CEA,APC,Observ Paris, Paris, France. [Delubac, Timothee; Rich, James; Le Goff, J. -M.; Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie; Rossi, Graziano; Yeche, Christophe] CEA, Ctr Saclay, IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bhardwaj, Vaishali] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA USA. [Bolton, Adam S.; Brownstein, Joel; Dawson, Kyle S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Bovy, Jo] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Croft, Rupert A. C.; Ho, Shirley] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Bruce & Astrid McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Font-Ribera, Andreu] Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Honscheid, Klaus] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Honscheid, Klaus] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Lee, Khee-Gan] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Medolin, Bumbarija; Piskur, Yodovina] FITA IFAT, Forest Hills, NY 11375 USA. [Miralda-Escude, Jordi] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Miralda-Escude, Jordi] Univ Barcelona, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Myers, Adam D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Nichol, Robert C.; Pieri, Matthew M.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Noterdaeme, Pasquier; Paris, Isabelle; Petitjean, Patrick] Univ Paris 06, F-75014 Paris, France. [Noterdaeme, Pasquier; Paris, Isabelle; Petitjean, Patrick] Inst Astrophys, CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France. [Paris, Isabelle] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Viel, Matteo] Osserv Astron Trieste, INAF, I-34131 Trieste, Italy. [Viel, Matteo] Natl Inst Nucl Phys, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Slosar, A (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Blgd 510, Upton, NY 11375 USA. EM anze@bnl.gov RI Ho, Shirley/P-3682-2014; OI Ho, Shirley/0000-0002-1068-160X; Kirkby, David/0000-0002-8828-5463; Miralda-Escude, Jordi/0000-0002-2316-8370; Viel, Matteo/0000-0002-2642-5707; Irsic, Vid/0000-0002-5445-461X FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 55 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 2 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 IS 4 AR 026 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2013/04/026 PG 55 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 139BJ UT WOS:000318556200026 ER PT J AU Seshadhri, C Pinar, A Kolda, TG AF Seshadhri, C. Pinar, Ali Kolda, Tamara G. TI An In-Depth Analysis of Stochastic Kronecker Graphs SO JOURNAL OF THE ACM LA English DT Article DE Algorithms; Theory; graph models; R-MAT; Stochastic Kronecker Graphs (SKG); Graph500 ID DECOMPOSITION; MODEL AB Graph analysis is playing an increasingly important role in science and industry. Due to numerous limitations in sharing real-world graphs, models for generating massive graphs are critical for developing better algorithms. In this article, we analyze the stochastic Kronecker graph model (SKG), which is the foundation of the Graph500 supercomputer benchmark due to its favorable properties and easy parallelization. Our goal is to provide a deeper understanding of the parameters and properties of this model so that its functionality as a benchmark is increased. We develop a rigorous mathematical analysis that shows this model cannot generate a power-law distribution or even a lognormal distribution. However, we formalize an enhanced version of the SKG model that uses random noise for smoothing. We prove both in theory and in practice that this enhancement leads to a lognormal distribution. Additionally, we provide a precise analysis of isolated vertices, showing that the graphs that are produced by SKG might be quite different than intended. For example, between 50% and 75% of the vertices in the Graph500 benchmarks will be isolated. Finally, we show that this model tends to produce extremely small core numbers (compared to most social networks and other real graphs) for common parameter choices. C1 [Seshadhri, C.; Pinar, Ali; Kolda, Tamara G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Pinar, A (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM apinar@sandia.gov RI Kolda, Tamara/B-1628-2009 OI Kolda, Tamara/0000-0003-4176-2493 FU United States Department of Energy; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was funded by the applied mathematics program at the United States Department of Energy and performed at Sandia National Laboratories, a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0004-5411 EI 1557-735X J9 J ACM JI J. ACM PD APR PY 2013 VL 60 IS 2 AR 13 DI 10.1145/2450142.2450149 PG 32 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 140BF UT WOS:000318628500007 ER PT J AU Fellah, M Fellah, ZEA Mitri, FG Ogam, E Depollier, C AF Fellah, M. Fellah, Z. E. A. Mitri, F. G. Ogam, E. Depollier, C. TI Transient ultrasound propagation in porous media using Biot theory and fractional calculus: Application to human cancellous bone SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ACOUSTIC-WAVE PROPAGATION; FREQUENCY POWER-LAW; TIME-DOMAIN; NEGATIVE DISPERSION; ELASTIC-WAVES; RIGID-FRAME; IN-VITRO; MODEL; TORTUOSITY; EQUATION AB A temporal model based on the Biot theory is developed to describe the transient ultrasonic propagation in porous media with elastic structure, in which the viscous exchange between fluid and structure are described by fractional derivatives. The fast and slow waves obey a fractional wave equation in the time domain. The solution of Biot's equations in time depends on the Green functions of each of the waves (fast and slow), and their fractional derivatives. The reflection and transmission operators for a slab of porous materials are derived in the time domain, using calculations in the Laplace domain. Their analytical expressions, depend on Green's function of fast and slow waves. Experimental results for slow and fast waves transmitted through human cancellous bone samples are given and compared with theoretical predictions. (C) 2013 Acoustical Society of America. C1 [Fellah, M.] USTHB, Fac Phys, Phys Theor Lab, Bab Ezzouar 16111, Algeria. [Fellah, Z. E. A.; Ogam, E.] Aix Marseille Univ, Cent Marseille, CNRS, LMA,UPR 7051, F-13402 Marseille 20, France. [Mitri, F. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Acoust & Sensors Technol Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Depollier, C.] Univ Maine UFR STS, Lab Acoust, CNRS, LUNAM Univ Maine,UMR 6613, F-72085 Le Mans 09, France. RP Fellah, M (reprint author), USTHB, Fac Phys, Phys Theor Lab, BP 32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar 16111, Algeria. OI FELLAH, Mohamed/0000-0003-1738-6993 NR 54 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD APR PY 2013 VL 133 IS 4 BP 1867 EP 1881 DI 10.1121/1.4792721 PG 15 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 139BB UT WOS:000318555300021 PM 23556556 ER PT J AU Price, MN Deutschbauer, AM Skerker, JM Wetmore, KM Ruths, T Mar, JS Kuehl, JV Shao, WJ Arkin, AP AF Price, Morgan N. Deutschbauer, Adam M. Skerker, Jeffrey M. Wetmore, Kelly M. Ruths, Troy Mar, Jordan S. Kuehl, Jennifer V. Shao, Wenjun Arkin, Adam P. TI Indirect and suboptimal control of gene expression is widespread in bacteria SO MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bacterial evolution; gene regulation; optimal regulation ID SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS MR-1; FACTOR-BINDING SITES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES; ADAPTIVE PREDICTION; REGULATORY NETWORKS; METABOLIC PATHWAYS; MICROBIAL GENOMES AB Gene regulation in bacteria is usually described as an adaptive response to an environmental change so that genes are expressed when they are required. We instead propose that most genes are under indirect control: their expression responds to signal(s) that are not directly related to the genes' function. Indirect control should perform poorly in artificial conditions, and we show that gene regulation is often maladaptive in the laboratory. In Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, 24% of genes are detrimental to fitness in some conditions, and detrimental genes tend to be highly expressed instead of being repressed when not needed. In diverse bacteria, there is little correlation between when genes are important for optimal growth or fitness and when those genes are upregulated. Two common types of indirect control are constitutive expression and regulation by growth rate; these occur for genes with diverse functions and often seem to be suboptimal. Because genes that have closely related functions can have dissimilar expression patterns, regulation may be suboptimal in the wild as well as in the laboratory. C1 [Price, Morgan N.; Deutschbauer, Adam M.; Wetmore, Kelly M.; Ruths, Troy; Kuehl, Jennifer V.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Skerker, Jeffrey M.; Mar, Jordan S.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Skerker, Jeffrey M.; Wetmore, Kelly M.; Mar, Jordan S.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Energy Biosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shao, Wenjun] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Price, MN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mailstop 955-512L, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM morgannprice@yahoo.com; aparkin@lbl.gov RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Price, Morgan/0000-0002-4251-0362 FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Dacia Leon, Dan Tarjan, Keith K Keller, Jason K Baumohl, and Marcin P Joachimiak for technical assistance, and Paramvir S Dehal for helpful discussions. We thank the Energy Biosciences Institute for providing the mutant collection for Z. mobilis ZM4. This work conducted by ENIGMA was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 72 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 27 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1744-4292 J9 MOL SYST BIOL JI Mol. Syst. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 AR 660 DI 10.1038/msb.2013.16 PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 140YS UT WOS:000318693000007 PM 23591776 ER PT J AU Dongarra, J Faverge, M Herault, T Jacquelin, M Langou, J Robert, Y AF Dongarra, Jack Faverge, Mathieu Herault, Thomas Jacquelin, Mathias Langou, Julien Robert, Yves TI Hierarchical QR factorization algorithms for multi-core clusters SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE QR factorization; Numerical linear algebra; Hierarchical architecture; Distributed memory; Cluster; Multi-core ID PARALLEL; GIVENS AB This paper describes a new QR factorization algorithm which is especially designed for massively parallel platforms combining parallel distributed nodes, where a node is a multi-core processor. These platforms represent the present and the foreseeable future of high-performance computing. Our new QR factorization algorithm falls in the category of the tile algorithms which naturally enables good data locality for the sequential kernels executed by the cores (high sequential performance), low number of messages in a parallel distributed setting (small latency term), and fine granularity (high parallelism). Each tile algorithm is uniquely characterized by its sequence of reduction trees. In the context of a cluster of nodes, in order to minimize the number of inter-processor communications (aka, "communication-avoiding"), it is natural to consider hierarchical trees composed of an "inter-node" tree which acts on top of "intra-node" trees. At the intra-node level, we propose a hierarchical tree made of three levels: (0) "TS level" for cache-friendliness, (1) "low-level" for decoupled highly parallel inter-node reductions, (2) "domino level" to efficiently resolve interactions between local reductions and global reductions. Our hierarchical algorithm and its implementation are flexible and modular, and can accommodate several kernel types, different distribution layouts, and a variety of reduction trees at all levels, both inter-node and intra-node. Numerical experiments on a cluster of multi-core nodes (i) confirm that each of the four levels of our hierarchical tree contributes to build up performance and (ii) build insights on how these levels influence performance and interact within each other. Our implementation of the new algorithm with the DAGuE scheduling tool significantly outperforms currently available QR factorization software for all matrix shapes, thereby bringing a new advance in numerical linear algebra for petascale and exascale platforms. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dongarra, Jack; Faverge, Mathieu; Herault, Thomas; Robert, Yves] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dongarra, Jack] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dongarra, Jack] Univ Manchester, UK Sch Comp Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Robert, Yves] Ecole Normale Super Lyon, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. [Langou, Julien] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80217 USA. [Jacquelin, Mathias] Ecole Polytech, F-91120 Palaiseau, France. RP Robert, Y (reprint author), ENS Lyon, Lab LIP, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. EM Yves.Robert@ens-lyon.fr RI Langou, Julien/G-5788-2013; Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014 NR 21 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD APR-MAY PY 2013 VL 39 IS 4-5 BP 212 EP 232 DI 10.1016/j.parco.2013.01.003 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 136TR UT WOS:000318386800003 ER PT J AU Selezenev, AA Aleinikov, AY Ganchuk, NS Ganchuk, SN Jones, RE Zimmerman, JA AF Selezenev, A. A. Aleinikov, A. Yu. Ganchuk, N. S. Ganchuk, S. N. Jones, R. E. Zimmerman, J. A. TI Molecular Dynamics Calculation of the Thermal Conductivity Coefficient of Single-Layer and Multilayer Graphene Sheets SO PHYSICS OF THE SOLID STATE LA English DT Article ID CARBON NANOTUBES; HYDROCARBONS AB The thermal conductivity coefficients of single-layer and multilayer graphene sheets have been calculated using the molecular dynamics simulation. Calculations have been performed for graphene sheets with lengths in the range 20-130 nm and at average temperatures in the range 230-630 K. The results obtained have been compared with the experimental data and results of calculations carried out in other works. C1 [Selezenev, A. A.; Aleinikov, A. Yu.; Ganchuk, N. S.; Ganchuk, S. N.] Joint Stock Co, Sarov Labs, Sarov 607200, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia. [Jones, R. E.; Zimmerman, J. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Selezenev, AA (reprint author), Joint Stock Co, Sarov Labs, Varlaamskoe Sh 23-16, Sarov 607200, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia. EM sel@socc.ru FU Sandia National Laboratories [1212007]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This study was supported by the Sandia National Laboratories (contract no. 1212007) and the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (contract DE-AC04-94AL85000). NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 27 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1063-7834 EI 1090-6460 J9 PHYS SOLID STATE+ JI Phys. Solid State PD APR PY 2013 VL 55 IS 4 BP 889 EP 894 DI 10.1134/S1063783413040264 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 142NA UT WOS:000318802900032 ER PT J AU Dixit, PD Maslov, S AF Dixit, Purushottam D. Maslov, Sergei TI Evolutionary Capacitance and Control of Protein Stability in Protein-Protein Interaction Networks SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CODING-SEQUENCE EVOLUTION; AGGREGATION; MUTATIONS; YEAST; COMPLEXITY; PREDICTION; PROTEOMES; VIRUSES; BINDING; LIMITS AB In addition to their biological function, protein complexes reduce the exposure of the constituent proteins to the risk of undesired oligomerization by reducing the concentration of the free monomeric state. We interpret this reduced risk as a stabilization of the functional state of the protein. We estimate that protein-protein interactions can account for similar to 2-4 k(B)T of additional stabilization; a substantial contribution to intrinsic stability. We hypothesize that proteins in the interaction network act as evolutionary capacitors which allows their binding partners to explore regions of the sequence space which correspond to less stable proteins. In the interaction network of baker's yeast, we find that statistically proteins that receive higher energetic benefits from the interaction network are more likely to misfold. A simplified fitness landscape wherein the fitness of an organism is inversely proportional to the total concentration of unfolded proteins provides an evolutionary justification for the proposed trends. We conclude by outlining clear biophysical experiments to test our predictions. C1 [Dixit, Purushottam D.; Maslov, Sergei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Maslov, Sergei] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Maslov, Sergei] SUNY Stony Brook, Laufer Ctr Phys & Quantitat Biol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Dixit, PD (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM maslov@bnl.gov RI Maslov, Sergei/C-2397-2009 OI Maslov, Sergei/0000-0002-3701-492X FU DOE Systems Biology KBase university-led project "Tools and Models for Integrating Multiple Cellular Networks'' FX This work was funded by the DOE Systems Biology KBase university-led project "Tools and Models for Integrating Multiple Cellular Networks'' (http://genomicscience.energy.gov/compbio/kbaseprojects.shtml). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7358 J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 AR e1003023 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003023 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 132LN UT WOS:000318069800023 PM 23592969 ER PT J AU Golji, J Mofrad, MRK AF Golji, Javad Mofrad, Mohammad R. K. TI The Interaction of Vinculin with Actin SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL BASIS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; FOCAL ADHESIONS; BINDING-SITES; CELL-ADHESION; ACTIVATE VINCULIN; MIGRATING CELLS; ALPHA-ACTININ; LEADING-EDGE; BARBED-END AB Vinculin can interact with F-actin both in recruitment of actin filaments to the growing focal adhesions and also in capping of actin filaments to regulate actin dynamics. Using molecular dynamics, both interactions are simulated using different vinculin conformations. Vinculin is simulated either with only its vinculin tail domain (Vt), with all residues in its closed conformation, with all residues in an open I conformation, and with all residues in an open II conformation. The open I conformation results from movement of domain 1 away from Vt; the open II conformation results from complete dissociation of Vt from the vinculin head domains. Simulation of vinculin binding along the actin filament showed that Vt alone can bind along the actin filaments, that vinculin in its closed conformation cannot bind along the actin filaments, and that vinculin in its open I conformation can bind along the actin filaments. The simulations confirm that movement of domain 1 away from Vt in formation of vinculin 1 is sufficient for allowing Vt to bind along the actin filament. Simulation of Vt capping actin filaments probe six possible bound structures and suggest that vinculin would cap actin filaments by interacting with both S1 and S3 of the barbed-end, using the surface of Vt normally occluded by D4 and nearby vinculin head domain residues. Simulation of D4 separation from Vt after D1 separation formed the open II conformation. Binding of open II vinculin to the barbed-end suggests this conformation allows for vinculin capping. Three binding sites on F-actin are suggested as regions that could link to vinculin. Vinculin is suggested to function as a variable switch at the focal adhesions. The conformation of vinculin and the precise F-actin binding conformation is dependent on the level of mechanical load on the focal adhesion. C1 [Golji, Javad; Mofrad, Mohammad R. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Mol Cell Biomech Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Golji, Javad; Mofrad, Mohammad R. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Mol Cell Biomech Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mofrad, Mohammad R. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Golji, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Mol Cell Biomech Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mofrad@berkeley.edu FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0955291] FX Financial support by an National Science Foundation CAREER award (CBET-0955291) is gratefully acknowledged. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 89 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-734X EI 1553-7358 J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL JI PLoS Comput. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 AR e1002995 DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002995 PG 22 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 132LN UT WOS:000318069800007 PM 23633939 ER PT J AU Rastatter, L Kuznetsova, MM Glocer, A Welling, D Meng, X Raeder, J Wiltberger, M Jordanova, VK Yu, Y Zaharia, S Weigel, RS Sazykin, S Boynton, R Wei, H Eccles, V Horton, W Mays, ML Gannon, J AF Rastaetter, L. Kuznetsova, M. M. Glocer, A. Welling, D. Meng, X. Raeder, J. Wiltberger, M. Jordanova, V. K. Yu, Y. Zaharia, S. Weigel, R. S. Sazykin, S. Boynton, R. Wei, H. Eccles, V. Horton, W. Mays, M. L. Gannon, J. TI Geospace environment modeling 2008-2009 challenge: D-st index SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE model validation; GEM 2008 challenge ID IONOSPHERE-THERMOSPHERE MODEL; OUTPUT PARAMETRIC MODELS; MAGNETIC-FIELD MODEL; NON-LINEAR SYSTEMS; SOLAR-WIND; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; RING CURRENT; SIMULATION; MAGNETOSPHERE; SUBSTORM AB This paper reports the metrics-based results of the Dst index part of the 20082009 GEM Metrics Challenge. The 20082009 GEM Metrics Challenge asked modelers to submit results for four geomagnetic storm events and five different types of observations that can be modeled by statistical, climatological or physics-based models of the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. We present the results of 30 model settings that were run at the Community Coordinated Modeling Center and at the institutions of various modelers for these events. To measure the performance of each of the models against the observations, we use comparisons of 1hour averaged model data with the Dst index issued by the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto, Japan, and direct comparison of 1minute model data with the 1minute Dst index calculated by the United States Geological Survey. The latter index can be used to calculate spectral variability of model outputs in comparison to the index. We find that model rankings vary widely by skill score used. None of the models consistently perform best for all events. We find that empirical models perform well in general. Magnetohydrodynamics-based models of the global magnetosphere with inner magnetosphere physics (ring current model) included and stand-alone ring current models with properly defined boundary conditions perform well and are able to match or surpass results from empirical models. Unlike in similar studies, the statistical models used in this study found their challenge in the weakest events rather than the strongest events. C1 [Rastaetter, L.; Kuznetsova, M. M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Community Coordinated Modeling Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Glocer, A.; Mays, M. L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. [Welling, D.; Meng, X.] Univ Michigan, Coll Engn, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Raeder, J.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Wiltberger, M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Jordanova, V. K.; Yu, Y.; Zaharia, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Weigel, R. S.] George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Sazykin, S.] Rice Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Boynton, R.; Wei, H.] Univ Sheffield, ACSE, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Eccles, V.] Space Environm Corp, Providence, UT USA. [Horton, W.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gannon, J.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA. RP Rastatter, L (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Space Weather Lab, Code 674, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA. EM lutz.rastaetter@nasa.gov RI Glocer, Alex/C-9512-2012; Yu, Yiqun/E-2710-2012; Welling, Daniel/C-1970-2013; Wiltberger, Michael/B-8781-2008; Rastaetter, Lutz/D-4715-2012; Sazykin, Stanislav/C-3775-2008; Meng, Xing/A-1929-2016 OI Glocer, Alex/0000-0001-9843-9094; Yu, Yiqun/0000-0002-1013-6505; Wei, Hua-Liang/0000-0002-4704-7346; Jordanova, Vania/0000-0003-0475-8743; Wiltberger, Michael/0000-0002-4844-3148; Rastaetter, Lutz/0000-0002-7343-4147; Sazykin, Stanislav/0000-0002-9401-4248; FU Center for Integrated Space Weather Modeling; Science and Technology Centers program of the National Science Foundation [ATM-0120950]; National Science Foundation FX Hourly Dst data were obtained from the World Data Center of Geomagnetism, Kyoto, Japan and 1 minute data were obtained from the United States Geological Survey (USGS). Both index values include magnetic data from the following stations: KAK: Kakioka Magnetic Observatory, Japan Meteorological Agency, Japan, HON, SJG: Honolulu and San Juan magnetic observatories, USGS, HER: Hermanus Magnetic Observatory, South African National Space Agency (SANSA). Solar wind input data for the models (magnetic field and plasma parameters) were obtained from OMNI (http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov) and CDAweb (cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov) databases. This work was supported by the Center for Integrated Space Weather Modeling, which is funded by the Science and Technology Centers program of the National Science Foundation under agreement number ATM-0120950. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NR 69 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1539-4956 J9 SPACE WEATHER JI Space Weather PD APR PY 2013 VL 11 IS 4 BP 187 EP 205 DI 10.1002/swe.20036 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 140EH UT WOS:000318636700008 ER PT J AU Wullschleger, SD Weston, DJ DiFazio, SP Tuskan, GA AF Wullschleger, Stan D. Weston, D. J. DiFazio, S. P. Tuskan, G. A. TI Revisiting the sequencing of the first tree genome: Populus trichocarpa SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE comparative genomics; ecology; functional genomics; molecular biology; whole-tree physiology ID PINE PINUS-TAEDA; BLACK COTTONWOOD; TRANSCRIPTIONAL NETWORKS; ASSOCIATION GENETICS; NUCLEOTIDE DIVERSITY; EMERGING EVIDENCE; POPLAR GENOMICS; SECONDARY XYLEM; EXPRESSION; GENES AB Ten years ago, it was announced that the Joint Genome Institute with funds provided by the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research would sequence the black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray) genome. This landmark decision was the culmination of work by the forest science community to develop Populus as a model system. Since its public release in late 2006, the availability of the Populus genome has spawned research in plant biology, morphology, genetics and ecology. Here we address how the tree physiologist has used this resource. More specifically, we revisit our earlier contention that the rewards of sequencing the Populus genome would depend on how quickly scientists working with woody perennials could adopt molecular approaches to investigate the mechanistic underpinnings of basic physiological processes. Several examples illustrate the integration of functional and comparative genomics into the forest sciences, especially in areas that target improved understanding of the developmental differences between woody perennials and herbaceous annuals (e.g., phase transitions). Sequencing the Populus genome and the availability of genetic and genomic resources has also been instrumental in identifying candidate genes that underlie physiological and morphological traits of interest. Genome-enabled research has advanced our understanding of how phenotype and genotype are related and provided insights into the genetic mechanisms whereby woody perennials adapt to environmental stress. In the future, we anticipate that low-cost, high-throughput sequencing will continue to facilitate research in tree physiology and enhance our understanding at scales of individual organisms and populations. A challenge remains, however, as to how genomic resources, including the Populus genome, can be used to understand ecosystem function. Although examples are limited, progress in this area is encouraging and will undoubtedly improve as future research targets the many unique aspects of Populus as a keystone species in terrestrial ecosystems. C1 [Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Weston, D. J.; Tuskan, G. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [DiFazio, S. P.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Wullschleger, SD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wullschlegsd@ornl.gov RI Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012; Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011 OI Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446; Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289 FU BioEnergy Science Center, a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Facility; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was supported by the BioEnergy Science Center, a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Facility supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under the contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 75 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 44 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 33 IS 4 BP 357 EP 364 DI 10.1093/treephys/tps081 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 139HX UT WOS:000318574000004 PM 23100257 ER PT J AU Malkina, O Mahfuz, H Sorge, K Rondinone, A Chen, J More, K Reeves, S Rangari, V AF Malkina, O. Mahfuz, H. Sorge, K. Rondinone, A. Chen, J. More, K. Reeves, S. Rangari, V. TI Magnetic alignment of SWCNTs decorated with Fe3O4 to enhance mechanical properties of SC-15 epoxy SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotubes; curing; filled polymers; fracture toughness; iron compounds; magnetic anisotropy; magnetic particles; nanomagnetics; nanoparticles; oxidation; polymer structure; tensile strength; tensile testing; transmission electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction ID NANOTUBE-POLYMER COMPOSITES; CARBON NANOTUBES; IRON-OXIDE; FIELD; NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOPARTICLES; MATRIX; FIBER AB We report significant improvement in mechanical properties of SC-15 epoxy when reinforced with decorated nanotubes and cured in a modest magnetic field. The chemical synthesis and field curing process is a low cost and relatively easy technique to impose strong magnetic anisotropy into the system without the need of a superconducting magnet. SWCNT(COOH)s were decorated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles through a sonochemical oxidation process and then dispersed into SC-15 epoxy at 0.5 wt% loading. The admixture was cured for 6 hours in a magnetic field of 10 kOe followed by an additional 24 hours of post curing at room temperature. Control samples were prepared in a similar manner but without the application of the magnetic field. Mechanical tests performed on field-cured samples indicated that tensile strength and modulus increased by 62% and 40%. Most importantly, modulus of toughness, fracture strain, and modulus of resilience improved by 346%, 165%% and 170%, respectively. Such enhancement in mechanical properties was attributed to changes in polymer morphology, partial alignment of nanotubes in the field direction, and sliding at the polymer-nanotube interface. Detailed characterization of the system with XRD, TEM, DMA, and Magnetometry are described in the paper. Copyright 2013 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4800698] C1 [Malkina, O.; Mahfuz, H.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Ocean & Mech Engn, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. [Sorge, K.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. [Rondinone, A.; Chen, J.; More, K.; Reeves, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Rangari, V.] Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat T CAM, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. RP Malkina, O (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Ocean & Mech Engn, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. EM hmahfuz@fau.edu RI Chen, Jihua/F-1417-2011; Rondinone, Adam/F-6489-2013; More, Karren/A-8097-2016 OI Chen, Jihua/0000-0001-6879-5936; Rondinone, Adam/0000-0003-0020-4612; More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097 FU National Science Foundation [HRD 976871]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was partially supported by National Science Foundation (grant HRD 976871). Portions of this research were conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and the SHaRE User Facility, which are sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Mahmoud Madani at Florida Atlantic University for his assistance in performing mechanical test and Dr. Andreas Kyriacou at Florida Atlantic University for the assistance in XRD NR 43 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 37 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 4 AR 042104 DI 10.1063/1.4800698 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 135ER UT WOS:000318271100004 ER PT J AU Park, M No, K Hong, S AF Park, Moonkyu No, Kwangsoo Hong, Seungbum TI Visualization and manipulation of meta-stable polarization variants in multiferroic materials SO AIP ADVANCES LA English DT Article DE bismuth compounds; epitaxial growth; ferroelectric thin films; multiferroics ID BIFEO3; DOMAINS; FILMS AB Here we demonstrate the role of meta-stable polarization variants in out-of-plane polarization switching behavior in epitaxially grown BiFeO3 thin films using angle-resolved piezoresponse force microscopy (AR-PFM). The out-of-plane polarization switching mainly occurred at the boundary between meta-stable and stable polarization domains, and was accompanied by a significant change in in-plane domain configuration from complicated structure with 12 polarization variants to simple stripe structure with 4 polarization variants. These results imply that the biased tip rearranges the delicately balanced domain configuration, which is determined by the competition between electrostatic and strain energies, into simple interweaving one that is more thermodynamically stable. Copyright 2013 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4802249] C1 [Park, Moonkyu; Hong, Seungbum] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Hong, Seungbum] Argonne Natl Lab, Nanosci & Technol Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Park, Moonkyu; No, Kwangsoo; Hong, Seungbum] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea. RP No, K (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea. EM ksno@kaist.ac.kr; hong@anl.gov RI No, Kwangsoo/C-1983-2011; Hong, Seungbum/B-7708-2009 OI Hong, Seungbum/0000-0002-2667-1983 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Conversion Research Center Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) [2011K000674]; Mid-career Researcher Program through National Research Foundation (NRF) [2010-0015063]; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST); New & Renewable Energy of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP); Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea [20103020060010] FX Work at Argonne and the use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. K. No acknowledges the financial support by the Conversion Research Center Program (No. 2011K000674), and Mid-career Researcher Program (No. 2010-0015063) through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST), New & Renewable Energy of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant funded by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea (No. 20103020060010). We thank J. A. Klug and O. Auciello for providing samples. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 27 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 2158-3226 J9 AIP ADV JI AIP Adv. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 4 AR 042114 DI 10.1063/1.4802249 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 135ER UT WOS:000318271100014 ER PT J AU Fister, TT Goldman, JL Long, BR Nuzzo, RG Gewirth, AA Fenter, PA AF Fister, Tim T. Goldman, Jason L. Long, Brandon R. Nuzzo, Ralph G. Gewirth, Andrew A. Fenter, Paul A. TI X-ray diffraction microscopy of lithiated silicon microstructures SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALLINE SILICON; LITHIUM BATTERIES; ANODES; SIMULATIONS; ELECTRODES; CONTRAST; SYSTEM AB Optically patterned silicon microstructures show great promise as lithium ion battery electrodes as they can balance the high intrinsic charge capacity of silicon with its large volume changes during repeated cycling. Previous scanning electron microscopy showed that lithiation initially occurs at (110)-oriented facets, but was not directly sensitive to the amount of crystalline silicon within the core of each microstructure. Here, we image the extent of the lithiation and the degree of residual crystallinity in individual silicon micro-posts directly using full-field x-ray reflection interfacial microscopy (XRIM). Images of the silicon posts are interpreted using a straightforward model relevant for XRIM images obtained from large scale topological features. This approach should be widely applicable to a broad range of battery materials and for probing the liquid/solid interfaces of complex heterostructures during lithiation reactions. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4798554] C1 [Fister, Tim T.; Long, Brandon R.; Fenter, Paul A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Goldman, Jason L.; Long, Brandon R.; Nuzzo, Ralph G.; Gewirth, Andrew A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Fister, TT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM fister@anl.gov OI Fenter, Paul/0000-0002-6672-9748 FU Center for Electrical Energy Storage: Tailored Interfaces, an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11]; U.S. Department of Energy FX This research was supported as a part of the Center for Electrical Energy Storage: Tailored Interfaces, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences under Award No. DE-AC02-06CH11. Zhan Zhang and the beamline staff at 33ID, Advanced Photon Source (APS) provided valuable assistance. Research at sector 33 was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. This work was carried out in part in the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory Central Facilities, University of Illinois. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 66 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 102 IS 13 AR 131903 DI 10.1063/1.4798554 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 121JT UT WOS:000317240200026 ER PT J AU Gray, MT Sanders, TD Wong, FJ Grutter, AJ Alaan, US He, C Jenkins, CA Arenholz, E Suzuki, Y AF Gray, M. T. Sanders, T. D. Wong, F. J. Grutter, A. J. Alaan, U. S. He, C. Jenkins, C. A. Arenholz, E. Suzuki, Y. TI Quasi-two-dimensional electron gas behavior in doped LaAlO3 thin films on SrTiO3 substrates SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERFACES; OXIDES AB We have demonstrated the growth of Tm and Lu doped LaAlO3 epitaxial thin films on single crystal (001) SrTiO3 substrates. These rare-earth dopants potentially act as sources of localized moment and spin-orbit scattering centers at the interface. Through structural and chemical characterization, we confirm the incorporation of Tm and Lu dopants into highly crystalline LaAlO3 films. The rare earth doping of the La site does not significantly modify the sheet carrier concentration or mobility compared to undoped samples despite the evolution of sheet carrier concentration, mobility, and sheet resistance with LaAlO3 thickness in undoped LaAlO3 films on SrTiO3. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4800232] C1 [Gray, M. T.; Wong, F. J.; Grutter, A. J.; Alaan, U. S.; He, C.; Suzuki, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gray, M. T.; Alaan, U. S.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Gray, M. T.; Sanders, T. D.; Grutter, A. J.; Alaan, U. S.; Suzuki, Y.] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Sanders, T. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Appl Sci & Technol Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sanders, T. D.; Grutter, A. J.; Suzuki, Y.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wong, F. J.; Grutter, A. J.; Suzuki, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jenkins, C. A.; Arenholz, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gray, MT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mattgray@stanford.edu OI Sanders, Ted/0000-0002-2152-4204; Alaan, Urusa/0000-0003-1109-3399 FU Army Research Office [MURI W911NF-08-1-0317]; NSF; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0226] FX We would like to thank K. M. Yu for his assistance in RBS data collection. This work is supported by the Army Research Office under Grant No. MURI W911NF-08-1-0317. T. D. S. was supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. A.J.G. and the Advanced Light Source are supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. U.S.A. was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grant No. N00014-10-1-0226 and a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 102 IS 13 AR 131601 DI 10.1063/1.4800232 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 121JT UT WOS:000317240200018 ER PT J AU Abbasi, R Abdou, Y Abu-Zayyad, T Ackermann, M Adams, J Aguilar, JA Ahlers, M Altmann, D Andeen, K Auffenberg, J Bai, X Baker, M Barwick, SW Baum, V Bay, R Alba, JLB Beattie, K Beatty, JJ Bechett, S Becker, JK Becker, KH Bell, M Benabderrahmane, ML BenZvi, S Berdermann, J Berghaus, P Berley, D Bernardini, E Bertrand, D Besson, DZ Bindig, D Bissok, M Blaufuss, E Blumenthal, J Boersma, DJ Bohm, C Bose, D Boser, S Botner, O Brayeur, L Brown, AM Buitink, S Caballero-Mora, KS Carson, M Casier, M Chirkin, D Christy, B Clevermann, F Cohen, S Cowen, DF Silva, AHC D'Agostino, MV Danninger, M Daughhetee, J Davis, JC De Clercq, C Degner, T Descamps, F Desiati, P de Vries-Uiterweerd, G DeYoung, T Diaz-Velez, JC Dreyer, J Dumm, JP Dunkman, M Eisch, J Ellsworth, RW Engdegard, O Euler, S Evenson, PA Fadiran, O Fazely, AR Fedynitch, A Feintzeig, J Feusels, T Filimonov, K Finley, C Fischer-Wasels, T Flis, S Franckowiak, A Franke, R Gaisser, TK Gallagher, J Gerhardt, L Gladstone, L Gluesenkamp, T Goldschmidt, A Goodman, JA Gora, D Grant, D Gross, A Grullon, S Gurtner, M Ha, C Ismail, AH Hallgren, A Halzen, F Han, K Hanson, K Heereman, D Heimann, P Heinen, D Helbing, K Hellauer, R Hickford, S Hill, GC Hoffman, KD Hoffmann, B Homeier, A Hoshina, K Huelsnitz, W Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hussain, S Ishihara, A Jacobi, E Jacobsen, J Japaridze, GS Johansson, H Kappes, A Karg, T Karle, A Kiryluk, J Kislat, F Klein, SR Klepser, S Kohne, JH Kohnen, G Kolanoski, H Kopke, L Kopper, S Koskinen, D Kowalski, M Krasberg, M Kroll, G Kunnen, J Kurahashi, N Kuwabara, T Labare, M Laihem, K Landsman, H Larson, MJ Lauer, R Lunemann, J Madsen, J Maruyama, R Mase, K Matis, HS Meagher, K Merck, M Meszaros, P Meures, T Miarecki, S Middell, E Milke, N Miller, J Montaruli, T Morse, R Movit, SM Nahnhauer, R Nam, JW Naumann, U Nowicki, SC Nygren, DR Odrowski, S Olivas, A Olivo, M O'Murchadha, A Panknin, S Paul, L de los Heros, CP Pieloth, D Posselt, J Price, PB Przybylski, GT Rawlins, K Redl, P Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richman, M Riedel, B Rodrigues, JP Rothmaier, F Rott, C Ruhe, T Rutledge, D Ruzybayev, B Ryckbosch, D Sander, HG Santander, M Sarkar, S Schatto, K Scheel, M Schmidt, T Schoeneberg, S Schonwald, A Schukraft, A Schulte, L Schultes, A Schulz, O Schunck, M Seckel, D Semburg, B Seo, SH Sestayo, Y Seunarine, S Silvestri, A Smith, MWE Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Stanev, T Stezelberger, T Stokstad, RG Stossl, A Strahler, EA Strom, R Stuer, M Sullivan, GW Taavola, H Taboada, I Tamburro, A Ter-Antonyan, S Tilav, S Toale, PA Toscano, S Tosi, D van Eijndhovenn, N Van Overloop, A van Santen, J Vehring, M Voge, M Walck, C Waldenmaier, T Wallraff, M Walter, M Wasserman, R Weaver, C Wendt, C Westerhoff, S Whitehorn, N Wiebe, K Wiebusch, CH Williams, DR Wischnewski, R Wissing, H Wolf, M Wood, TR Woschnagg, K Xu, C Xu, DL Xu, XW Yanez, JP Yodh, G Yoshida, S Zarzhitsky, P Zoll, M AF Abbasi, R. Abdou, Y. Abu-Zayyad, T. Ackermann, M. Adams, J. Aguilar, J. A. Ahlers, M. Altmann, D. Andeen, K. Auffenberg, J. Bai, X. Baker, M. Barwick, S. W. Baum, V. Bay, R. Alba, J. L. Bazo Beattie, K. Beatty, J. J. Bechett, S. Becker, J. K. Becker, K. -H. Bell, M. Benabderrahmane, M. L. BenZvi, S. Berdermann, J. Berghaus, P. Berley, D. Bernardini, E. Bertrand, D. Besson, D. Z. Bindig, D. Bissok, M. Blaufuss, E. Blumenthal, J. Boersma, D. J. Bohm, C. Bose, D. Boeser, S. Botner, O. Brayeur, L. Brown, A. M. Buitink, S. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Carson, M. Casier, M. Chirkin, D. Christy, B. Clevermann, F. Cohen, S. Cowen, D. F. Silva, A. H. Cruz D'Agostino, M. V. Danninger, M. Daughhetee, J. Davis, J. C. De Clercq, C. Degner, T. Descamps, F. Desiati, P. de Vries-Uiterweerd, G. DeYoung, T. Diaz-Velez, J. C. Dreyer, J. Dumm, J. P. Dunkman, M. Eisch, J. Ellsworth, R. W. Engdegard, O. Euler, S. Evenson, P. A. Fadiran, O. Fazely, A. R. Fedynitch, A. Feintzeig, J. Feusels, T. Filimonov, K. Finley, C. Fischer-Wasels, T. Flis, S. Franckowiak, A. Franke, R. Gaisser, T. K. Gallagher, J. Gerhardt, L. Gladstone, L. Gluesenkamp, T. Goldschmidt, A. Goodman, J. A. Gora, D. Grant, D. Gross, A. Grullon, S. Gurtner, M. Ha, C. Ismail, A. Haj Hallgren, A. Halzen, F. Han, K. Hanson, K. Heereman, D. Heimann, P. Heinen, D. Helbing, K. Hellauer, R. Hickford, S. Hill, G. C. Hoffman, K. D. Hoffmann, B. Homeier, A. Hoshina, K. Huelsnitz, W. Hulth, P. O. Hultqvist, K. Hussain, S. Ishihara, A. Jacobi, E. Jacobsen, J. Japaridze, G. S. Johansson, H. Kappes, A. Karg, T. Karle, A. Kiryluk, J. Kislat, F. Klein, S. R. Klepser, S. Koehne, J. -H. Kohnen, G. Kolanoski, H. Koepke, L. Kopper, S. Koskinen, Dj. Kowalski, M. Krasberg, M. Kroll, G. Kunnen, J. Kurahashi, N. Kuwabara, T. Labare, M. Laihem, K. Landsman, H. Larson, M. J. Lauer, R. Luenemann, J. Madsen, J. Maruyama, R. Mase, K. Matis, H. S. Meagher, K. Merck, M. Meszaros, P. Meures, T. Miarecki, S. Middell, E. Milke, N. Miller, J. Montaruli, T. Morse, R. Movit, S. M. Nahnhauer, R. Nam, J. W. Naumann, U. Nowicki, S. C. Nygren, D. R. Odrowski, S. Olivas, A. Olivo, M. O'Murchadha, A. Panknin, S. Paul, L. de los Heros, C. Perez Pieloth, D. Posselt, J. Price, P. B. Przybylski, G. T. Rawlins, K. Redl, P. Resconi, E. Rhode, W. Ribordy, M. Richman, M. Riedel, B. Rodrigues, J. P. Rothmaier, F. Rott, C. Ruhe, T. Rutledge, D. Ruzybayev, B. Ryckbosch, D. Sander, H. -G. Santander, M. Sarkar, S. Schatto, K. Scheel, M. Schmidt, T. Schoeneberg, S. Schonwald, A. Schukraft, A. Schulte, L. Schultes, A. Schulz, O. Schunck, M. Seckel, D. Semburg, B. Seo, S. H. Sestayo, Y. Seunarine, S. Silvestri, A. Smith, M. W. E. Spiczak, G. M. Spiering, C. Stamatikos, M. Stanev, T. Stezelberger, T. Stokstad, R. G. Stossl, A. Strahler, E. A. Stroem, R. Stueer, M. Sullivan, G. W. Taavola, H. Taboada, I. Tamburro, A. Ter-Antonyan, S. Tilav, S. Toale, P. A. Toscano, S. Tosi, D. van Eijndhovenn, N. Van Overloop, A. van Santen, J. Vehring, M. Voge, M. Walck, C. Waldenmaier, T. Wallraff, M. Walter, M. Wasserman, R. Weaver, Ch. Wendt, C. Westerhoff, S. Whitehorn, N. Wiebe, K. Wiebusch, C. H. Williams, D. R. Wischnewski, R. Wissing, H. Wolf, M. Wood, T. R. Woschnagg, K. Xu, C. Xu, D. L. Xu, X. W. Yanez, J. P. Yodh, G. Yoshida, S. Zarzhitsky, P. Zoll, M. TI All-particle cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with 26 IceTop stations SO ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Cosmic rays; Energy spectrum; IceCube; IceTop ID AIR-SHOWERS; KNEE; KASCADE; SIMULATION; TELESCOPE; ARRAY AB We report on a measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the IceTop air shower array, the surface component of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole. The data used in this analysis were taken between June and October, 2007, with 26 surface stations operational at that time, corresponding to about one third of the final array. The fiducial area used in this analysis was 0.122 km(2). The analysis investigated the energy spectrum from 1 to 100 PeV measured for three different zenith angle ranges between 0 degrees and 46 degrees. Because of the isotropy of cosmic rays in this energy range the spectra from all zenith angle intervals have to agree. The cosmic-ray energy spectrum was determined under different assumptions on the primary mass composition. Good agreement of spectra in the three zenith angle ranges was found for the assumption of pure proton and a simple two-component model. For zenith angles theta < 30 degrees, where the mass dependence is smallest, the knee in the cosmic ray energy spectrum was observed at about 4 PeV, with a spectral index above the knee of about -3.1. Moreover, an indication of a flattening of the spectrum above 22 PeV was observed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Altmann, D.; Bissok, M.; Blumenthal, J.; Boersma, D. J.; Euler, S.; Heimann, P.; Heinen, D.; Hoffmann, B.; Laihem, K.; Paul, L.; Scheel, M.; Schukraft, A.; Schunck, M.; Vehring, M.; Wallraff, M.; Wiebusch, C. H.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Hill, G. C.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Rawlins, K.; Seo, S. H.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Japaridze, G. S.] Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. [Daughhetee, J.; Taboada, I.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Daughhetee, J.; Taboada, I.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Fazely, A. R.; Ter-Antonyan, S.; Xu, X. W.] Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. [Bay, R.; D'Agostino, M. V.; Filimonov, K.; Gerhardt, L.; Ha, C.; Klein, S. R.; Miarecki, S.; Price, P. B.; Woschnagg, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Beattie, K.; Gerhardt, L.; Goldschmidt, A.; Ha, C.; Klein, S. R.; Matis, H. S.; Miarecki, S.; Nygren, D. R.; Przybylski, G. T.; Stezelberger, T.; Stokstad, R. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kappes, A.; Kolanoski, H.; Waldenmaier, T.] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Becker, J. K.; Dreyer, J.; Fedynitch, A.; Olivo, M.; Schoeneberg, S.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Phys & Astron, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Boeser, S.; Degner, T.; Franckowiak, A.; Homeier, A.; Kowalski, M.; Panknin, S.; Schulte, L.; Stueer, M.; Voge, M.] Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Seunarine, S.] Univ W Indies, Dept Phys, Bridgetown BB11000, Barbados. [Bechett, S.; Bertrand, D.; Hanson, K.; Heereman, D.; Meures, T.] Univ Libre Brussels, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Bose, D.; Brayeur, L.; Buitink, S.; Casier, M.; De Clercq, C.; Kunnen, J.; Labare, M.; Strahler, E. A.; van Eijndhovenn, N.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Ishihara, A.; Mase, K.; Yoshida, S.] Chiba Univ, Dept Phys, Chiba 2638522, Japan. [Adams, J.; Brown, A. M.; Hickford, S.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Berley, D.; Blaufuss, E.; Christy, B.; Ellsworth, R. W.; Goodman, J. A.; Hellauer, R.; Hoffman, K. D.; Huelsnitz, W.; Meagher, K.; Olivas, A.; Redl, P.; Richman, M.; Schmidt, T.; Sullivan, G. W.; Wissing, H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Rott, C.; Stamatikos, M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Rott, C.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Clevermann, F.; Koehne, J. -H.; Milke, N.; Pieloth, D.; Rhode, W.; Ruhe, T.] TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. [Grant, D.; Nowicki, S. C.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada. [Aguilar, J. A.; Montaruli, T.; Wood, T. R.] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Abdou, Y.; Carson, M.; Descamps, F.; de Vries-Uiterweerd, G.; Feusels, T.; Ismail, A. Haj; Ryckbosch, D.; Van Overloop, A.] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Barwick, S. W.; Nam, J. W.; Silvestri, A.; Yodh, G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Cohen, S.; Ribordy, M.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, High Energy Phys Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Besson, D. Z.] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Gallagher, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Abbasi, R.; Ahlers, M.; Andeen, K.; Auffenberg, J.; Baker, M.; BenZvi, S.; Chirkin, D.; Desiati, P.; Diaz-Velez, J. C.; Dumm, J. P.; Eisch, J.; Fadiran, O.; Feintzeig, J.; Gladstone, L.; Grullon, S.; Halzen, F.; Hoshina, K.; Jacobsen, J.; Karle, A.; Krasberg, M.; Kurahashi, N.; Landsman, H.; Maruyama, R.; Merck, M.; Morse, R.; O'Murchadha, A.; Riedel, B.; Rodrigues, J. P.; Santander, M.; Toscano, S.; van Santen, J.; Weaver, Ch.; Wendt, C.; Westerhoff, S.; Whitehorn, N.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Baum, V.; Koepke, L.; Kroll, G.; Luenemann, J.; Rothmaier, F.; Sander, H. -G.; Schatto, K.; Wiebe, K.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. [Kohnen, G.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Gross, A.; Odrowski, S.; Resconi, E.; Schulz, O.; Sestayo, Y.] Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Bai, X.; Berghaus, P.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Hussain, S.; Kuwabara, T.; Ruzybayev, B.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Tamburro, A.; Tilav, S.; Xu, C.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Bai, X.; Berghaus, P.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Hussain, S.; Kuwabara, T.; Ruzybayev, B.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Tamburro, A.; Tilav, S.; Xu, C.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Sarkar, S.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. [Abu-Zayyad, T.; Madsen, J.; Spiczak, G. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. [Bohm, C.; Danninger, M.; Finley, C.; Flis, S.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Johansson, H.; Seo, S. H.; Walck, C.; Wolf, M.; Zoll, M.] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Bohm, C.; Danninger, M.; Finley, C.; Flis, S.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Johansson, H.; Seo, S. H.; Walck, C.; Wolf, M.; Zoll, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kiryluk, J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Toale, P. A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Cowen, D. F.; Meszaros, P.; Movit, S. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Bell, M.; Caballero-Mora, K. S.; Cowen, D. F.; DeYoung, T.; Dunkman, M.; Koskinen, Dj.; Larson, M. J.; Meszaros, P.; Rutledge, D.; Smith, M. W. E.; Wasserman, R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Botner, O.; Engdegard, O.; Hallgren, A.; Miller, J.; de los Heros, C. Perez; Stroem, R.; Taavola, H.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Becker, K. -H.; Bindig, D.; Fischer-Wasels, T.; Gurtner, M.; Helbing, K.; Karg, T.; Kopper, S.; Naumann, U.; Posselt, J.; Schultes, A.; Semburg, B.] Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany. [Ackermann, M.; Alba, J. L. Bazo; Benabderrahmane, M. L.; Berdermann, J.; Bernardini, E.; Silva, A. H. Cruz; Franke, R.; Gluesenkamp, T.; Gora, D.; Han, K.; Jacobi, E.; Kislat, F.; Klepser, S.; Lauer, R.; Middell, E.; Nahnhauer, R.; Schonwald, A.; Spiering, C.; Stossl, A.; Tosi, D.; Walter, M.; Wischnewski, R.; Yanez, J. P.] DESY, D-015735 Zeuthen, Germany. RP Kislat, F (reprint author), DESY, D-015735 Zeuthen, Germany. EM fabian.kislat@desy.de RI Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Auffenberg, Jan/D-3954-2014; Koskinen, David/G-3236-2014; Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/H-4467-2015; Maruyama, Reina/A-1064-2013; Sarkar, Subir/G-5978-2011; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011; Taavola, Henric/B-4497-2011; OI Buitink, Stijn/0000-0002-6177-497X; Carson, Michael/0000-0003-0400-7819; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Benabderrahmane, Mohamed Lotfi/0000-0003-4410-5886; Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Auffenberg, Jan/0000-0002-1185-9094; Koskinen, David/0000-0002-0514-5917; Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/0000-0003-2252-9514; Maruyama, Reina/0000-0003-2794-512X; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Schukraft, Anne/0000-0002-9112-5479; Taavola, Henric/0000-0002-2604-2810; Rott, Carsten/0000-0002-6958-6033; Ter-Antonyan, Samvel/0000-0002-5788-1369 FU U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs; U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division; University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Grid Laboratory of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin - Madison; Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI); National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Swedish Research Council; Swedish Polar Research Secretariat; Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC); Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO); FWO Odysseus programme; Flanders Institute to Encourage Scientific and Technological Research in Industry (IWT); Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland FX We acknowledge the support from the following agencies: U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the Grid Laboratory of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin - Madison, the Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy, and National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO), FWO Odysseus programme, Flanders Institute to Encourage Scientific and Technological Research in Industry (IWT), Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6505 J9 ASTROPART PHYS JI Astropart Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 44 BP 40 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.016 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 135WT UT WOS:000318322100006 ER PT J AU Bharucha, A Bigi, II Bobeth, C Bobrowski, M Brod, J Buras, AJ Davies, CTH Datta, A Delaunay, C Descotes-Genon, S Ellis, J Feldmann, T Fleischer, R Gedalia, O Girrbach, J Guadagnoli, D Hiller, G Hochberg, Y Hurth, T Isidori, G Jager, S Jung, M Kagan, A Kamenik, JF Lenz, A Ligeti, Z London, D Mahmoudi, F Matias, J Nandi, S Nir, Y Paradisi, P Perez, G Petrov, AA Rattazzi, R Sharpe, SR Silvestrini, L Soni, A Straub, DM van Dyk, D Virto, J Wang, YM Weiler, A Zupan, J Aaij, R Beteta, CA Adametz, A Adeva, B Adinolfi, M Adrover, C Affolder, A Ajaltouni, Z Albrecht, J Alessio, F Alexander, M Ali, S Alkhazov, G Cartelle, PV Alves, AA Amato, S Amhis, Y Anderlini, L Anderson, J Andreassen, R Anelli, M Appleby, RB Gutierrez, OA Archilli, F Artamonov, A Artuso, M Aslanides, E Auriemma, G Bachmann, S Back, JJ Baesso, C Baldini, W Band, H Barlow, RJ Barschel, C Barsuk, S Barter, W Bates, A Bauer, T Bay, A Beddow, J Bediaga, I Beigbeder-Beau, C Belogurov, S Belous, K Belyaev, I Ben-Haim, E Benayoun, M Bencivenni, G Benson, S Benton, J Berezhnoy, A Bernard, F Bernet, R Bettler, MO van Beuzekom, M van Beveren, V Bien, A Bifani, S Bird, T Bizzetih, A Bjornstad, PM Blake, T Blanc, F Blanks, C Blouw, J Blusk, S Bobrov, A Bocci, V Bochin, B Rookhuizen, HB Bogdanova, G Bonaccorsi, E Bondar, A Bondar, N Bonivento, W Borghi, S Borgia, A Bowcock, TJV Bowen, E Bozzi, C Brambach, T van den Brand, J Brarda, L Bressieux, J Brett, D Britsch, M Britton, T Brook, NH Brown, H Buchler-Germann, A Burducea, I Bursche, A Buytaert, J Caceres, T Cachemiche, JP Cadeddu, S Callot, O Calvij, M Gomezn, MC Camboni, A Campana, P Carbonec, A Carbonik, G Cardinalei, R Cardini, A Carranza-Mejia, H Carson, L Akiba, KC Ramo, AC Casse, G Cattaneo, M Cauet, C Ceelie, L Chadaj, B Chanal, H Charles, M Charlet, D Charpentier, P Chebbi, M Chen, P Chiapolini, N Chrzaszcz, M Ciambrone, P Ciba, K Vidal, XC Ciezarek, G Clarke, PEL Clemencic, M Cliff, HV Closier, J Coca, C Coco, V Cogan, J Cogneras, E Collins, P Comerma-Montells, A Contu, A Cook, A Coombes, M Corajod, B Corti, G Couturier, B Cowan, GA Craik, D Cunliffe, S Currie, R D'Ambrosio, C D'Antone, I David, P David, PNY De Bonis, I De Bruyn, K De Capua, S De Cian, M De Groen, P De Miranda, JM De Paula, L De Simone, P Decamp, D Deckenhoff, M Decreuse, G Degaudenzi, H Del Buono, L Deplano, C Derkach, D Deschamps, O Dettori, F Di Canto, A Dickens, J Dijkstra, H Batista, PD Dogaru, M Bonaln, FD Domke, M Donleavy, S Dordei, F Suarez, AD Dossett, D Dovbnya, A Drancourt, C Duarte, O Dumps, R Dupertuis, F Duval, PY Dzhelyadin, R Dziurda, A Dzyuba, A Easo, S Egede, U Egorychev, V Eidelman, S van Eijk, D Eisenhardt, S Ekelhof, R Eklund, L El Rifai, I Elsasser, C Elsby, D Evangelisti, F Falabellae, A Farber, C Fardell, G Farinelli, C Farry, S Faulkner, PJW Fave, V Felici, G Albor, VF Rodrigues, FF Ferro-Luzzi, M Filippov, S Fitzpatrick, C Fohr, C Fontana, M Fontanellii, F Forty, R Fournier, C Francisco, O Frank, M Frei, C Frei, R Frosini, M Fuchs, H Furcas, S Torreira, AG Galli, D Gandelman, M Gandini, P Gao, Y Garofoli, J Garosi, P Tico, JG Garrido, L Gascon, D Gaspar, C Gauld, R Gersabeck, E Gersabeck, M Gershon, T Gets, S Ghez, P Giachero, A Gibson, V Gligorov, VV Gobelr, C Golovtsov, V Golubkov, D Golutvin, A Gomes, A Gong, G Gong, H Gordon, H Gotti, C Gandara, MG Diaz, RG Cardoso, LAG Grauges, E Graziani, G Grecu, A Greening, E Gregson, S Gromov, V Grunbergs, O Gui, B Gushchin, E Guz, Y Guzik, Z Gys, T Hachon, F Hadjivasiliou, C Haefeli, G Haen, C Haines, SC Hall, S Hampson, T Hansmann-Menzemer, S Harnew, N Harnew, ST Harrison, J Harrison, PF Hartmanns, T He, J van der Heijden, B Heijne, V Hennessy, K Henrard, P Morata, JAH van Herwijnen, E Hicks, E Hill, D Hoballah, M Hofmann, W Hombach, C Hopchev, P Hulsbergen, W Hunt, P Huse, T Hussain, N Hutchcroft, D Hynds, D Iakovenko, V Ilten, P Imong, J Jacobsson, R Jaeger, A Jamet, O Jans, E Jansen, F Jansen, L Jansweijer, P Jaton, P Jing, F John, M Johnson, D Jones, CR Jost, B Kaballo, M Kandybei, S Karacson, M Karavichev, O Karbach, TM Kashchuk, A Kechadi, T Kenyon, IR Kerzel, U Ketel, T Keune, A Khanji, B Kihm, T Kluit, R Kochebina, O Komarov, V Koopman, RF Koppenburg, P Korolev, M Kos, J Kozlinskiy, A Kravchuk, L Kreplin, K Kreps, M Kristic, R Krocker, G Krokovny, P Kruse, F Kucharczyk, M Kudenko, Y Kudryavtsev, V Kvaratskheliya, T La Thi, VN Lacarrere, D Lafferty, G Lai, A Lambert, D Lambert, RW Lanciotti, E Landi, L Lanfranchi, G Langenbruch, C Laptev, S Latham, T Lax, I Lazzeroni, C Le Gac, R van Leerdam, J Lees, JP Lefevre, R Leflat, A Lefrancois, J Leroy, O Lesiak, T Li, Y Li Gioi, L Likhoded, A Liles, M Lindner, R Linn, C Liu, B Liu, G von Loeben, J Lopes, JH Asamar, EL Lopez-March, N Lu, H Luisier, J Luo, H Mac Raighne, A Machefert, F Machikhiliyan, IV Maciuc, F Maev, O Maino, M Malde, S Mancad, G Mancinelli, G Mangiafave, N Marconi, U Marki, R Marks, J Martellotti, G Martens, A Sanchez, AM Martinelli, M Santos, DM Tostes, DM Massafferri, A Matev, R Mathe, Z Matteuzzi, C Matveev, M Maurice, E Mauricio, J Mazurove, A McCarthy, J McNulty, R Meadowst, B Meissner, M Mejia, H Mendez-Munozo, V Merk, M Milanes, DA Minard, MN Rodriguezr, JM Monteil, S Moran, D Morawski, P Mountain, R Mous, I Muheim, F Mul, F Muller, K Munneke, B Muresan, R Muryn, B Muster, B Naik, P Nakada, T Nandakumar, R Nasteva, I Nawrot, A Needham, M Neufeld, N Nguyen, AD Nguyen, TD Nguyen-Maup, C Nicol, M Niess, V Nikitin, N Nikodem, T Nikolaiko, Y Nisart, S Nomerotski, A Novoselov, A Oblakowska-Mucha, A Obraztsov, V Oggero, S Ogilvy, S Okhrimenko, O Oldeman, R Orlandea, M Ostankov, A Goicochea, JMO van Overbeek, M Owen, P Pal, BK Palano, A Palutan, M Panman, J Papanestis, A Pappagallo, M Parkes, C Parkinson, CJ Passaleva, G Patel, GD Patel, M Patrick, GN Patrignani, C Pavel-Nicorescu, C Alvarez, AP Pellegrino, A Pensc, G Altarelli, MP Perazzini, S Perego, DL Trigo, EP Yzquierdo, APC Perret, P Perrin-Terrin, M Pessina, G Petridis, K Petrolini, A van Petten, O Phan, A Olloqui, EP Piedigrossi, D Pietrzyk, B Pilar, T Pinci, D Playfer, S Casasus, MP Polci, F Polok, G Poluektov, A Polycarpo, E Popov, D Popovici, B Potterat, C Powell, A Prisciandaro, J Pugatch, M Pugatch, V Navarro, AP Qian, W Rademacker, JH Rakotomiaramanana, B Rangel, MS Raniuk, I Rauschmayr, N Raven, G Redford, S Reid, MM dos Reis, AC Rethore, F Ricciardi, S Richards, A Rinnert, K Molina, VR Romero, DAR Robbe, P Rodrigues, E Perez, PR Roeland, E Rogers, GJ Roiser, S Romanovsky, V Vidal, AR de Roo, K Rouvinet, J Roy, L Rudloff, K Ruf, T Ruiz, H Sabatino, G Silva, JJS Sagidova, N Sail, P Saitta, B Salzmann, C Sedes, BS Santacesaria, R Rios, CS Santovetti, E Gamarra, SS Sapunov, M Saputi, A Sarti, A Satriano, C Satta, A Savidge, T Savrie, M Schaack, P Schiller, M Schimmel, A Schindler, H 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Eisenhardt, S. Ekelhof, R. Eklund, L. El Rifai, I. Elsasser, Ch. Elsby, D. Evangelisti, F. Falabellae, A. Faerber, C. Fardell, G. Farinelli, C. Farry, S. Faulkner, P. J. W. Fave, V. Felici, G. Albor, V. Fernandez Rodrigues, F. Ferreira Ferro-Luzzi, M. Filippov, S. Fitzpatrick, C. Fohr, C. Fontana, M. Fontanellii, F. Forty, R. Fournier, C. Francisco, O. Frank, M. Frei, C. Frei, R. Frosini, M. Fuchs, H. Furcas, S. Torreira, A. Gallas Galli, D. Gandelman, M. Gandini, P. Gao, Y. Garofoli, J. Garosi, P. Tico, J. Garra Garrido, L. Gascon, D. Gaspar, C. Gauld, R. Gersabeck, E. Gersabeck, M. Gershon, T. Gets, S. Ghez, Ph. Giachero, A. Gibson, V. Gligorov, V. V. Gobelr, C. Golovtsov, V. Golubkov, D. Golutvin, A. Gomes, A. Gong, G. Gong, H. Gordon, H. Gotti, C. Gandara, M. G. Diaz, R. Graciani Cardoso, L. A. Granado Grauges, E. Graziani, G. Grecu, A. Greening, E. Gregson, S. Gromov, V. Gruenbergs, O. Gui, B. Gushchin, E. Guz, Yu. Guzik, Z. Gys, T. Hachon, F. Hadjivasiliou, C. Haefeli, G. 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CA LHCb Collaboration TI Implications of LHCb measurements and future prospects SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID MINIMAL FLAVOR VIOLATION; EFFECTIVE-FIELD-THEORY; LARGE TAN-BETA; RELATIVE BRANCHING FRACTIONS; STANDARD MODEL PREDICTION; DOUBLE PARTON SCATTERING; EXPLORING CP VIOLATION; NONLEPTONIC B DECAYS; DALITZ PLOT ANALYSIS; TEV PP COLLISIONS AB During 2011 the LHCb experiment at CERN collected 1.0 fb(-1) of root s = 7 TeV pp collisions. Due to the large heavy quark production cross-sections, these data provide unprecedented samples of heavy flavoured hadrons. The first results from LHCb have made a significant impact on the flavour physics landscape and have definitively proved the concept of a dedicated experiment in the forward region at a hadron collider. This document discusses the implications of these first measurements on classes of extensions to the Standard Model, bearing in mind the interplay with the results of searches for on-shell production of new particles at ATLAS and CMS. The physics potential of an upgrade to the LHCb detector, which would allow an order of magnitude more data to be collected, is emphasised. C1 [LHCb Collaboration] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Bharucha, A.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Bigi, I. I.] Univ Notre Dame du Lac, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN USA. [Bobeth, C.] Tech Univ Munich, Excellence Cluster Universe, Garching, Germany. [Bobrowski, M.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Theoret Teilchenphys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Brod, J.; Kagan, A.; Zupan, J.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Buras, A. J.; Girrbach, J.] TUM Inst Adv Study, Garching, Germany. [Davies, C. T. H.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. 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P.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Easo, S.; Nandakumar, R.; Papanestis, A.; Patrick, G. N.; Ricciardi, S.; Wilson, F. F.] STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot, Oxon, England. [Benson, S.; Carranza-Mejia, H.; Clarke, P. E. L.; Currie, R.; Eisenhardt, S.; Fardell, G.; Lambert, D.; Luo, H.; Mejia, H.; Muheim, F.; Needham, M.; Playfer, S.; Sparkes, A.; Xie, Y.; Young, R.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Phys & Astronomy, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Alexander, M.; Bates, A.; Beddow, J.; Borghi, S.; Eklund, L.; Hynds, D.; Mac Raighne, A.; Ogilvy, S.; Pappagallo, M.; Sail, P.; Soler, F. J. P.; Spradlin, P.] Univ Glasgow, Dept Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Affolder, A.; Bowcock, T. J. V.; Brown, H.; Casse, G.; Donleavy, S.; Hennessy, K.; Hicks, E.; Huse, T.; Hutchcroft, D.; Liles, M.; Patel, G. D.; Rinnert, K.; Shears, T.; Smith, N. A.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Blanks, C.; Carson, L.; Ciezarek, G.; Cunliffe, S.; Egede, U.; Hall, S.; Owen, P.; Parkinson, C. J.; Patel, M.; Petridis, K.; Richards, A.; Savidge, T.; Schaack, P.; Sepp, I.; Shires, A.; Websdale, D.; Williams, M.] Imperial Coll London, London, England. [Appleby, R. B.; Barlow, R. J.; Bird, T.; Bjornstad, P. M.; Borghi, S.; Brett, D.; De Capua, S.; Garosi, P.; Gersabeck, M.; Hombach, C.; Lafferty, G.; Moran, D.; Parkes, C.; Rodrigues, E.; Smith, M.; Urner, D.; Webber, A. D.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Charles, M.; Gandini, P.; Gauld, R.; Gordon, H.; Greening, E.; Harnew, N.; Hill, D.; Hunt, P.; Hussain, N.; John, M.; Johnson, D.; Malde, S.; Nomerotski, A.; Powell, A.; Redford, S.; Smith, E.; Thomas, C.; Topp-Joergensen, S.; Torr, N.; Wilkinson, G.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Andreassen, R.; Artuso, M.; Blusk, S.; Borgia, A.; Britton, T.; Garofoli, J.; Gui, B.; Hadjivasiliou, C.; Mountain, R.; Pal, B. 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[Auriemma, G.] Univ Basilicata, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Beteta, C. Abellan] Univ Ramon Llull, LIFAELS, Barcelona, Spain. Port Informacio Cient PIC, Barcelona, Spain. Hanoi Univ Sci, Hanoi, Vietnam. MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Bharucha, A (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Theoret Phys, Hamburg, Germany. EM T.J.Gershon@warwick.ac.uk RI Golutvin, Andrey/R-8166-2016; Schiller, Manuel Tobias/B-1229-2017; MACIUC, Florin/B-9903-2016; Pappagallo, Marco/R-3305-2016; Plo Casasus, Maximo/M-1445-2014; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/I-5152-2016; Golubkov, Dmitry/E-4881-2017; van Dyk, Danny/K-7106-2013; Lanfranchi, Gaia/P-5174-2015; Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Cardini, Alessandro/J-5736-2012; Matias, Joaquim/E-7339-2016; Gascon, David/L-8464-2014; Soler, Paul/E-8464-2011; Krokovny, Pavel/G-4421-2016; Perez-Calero Yzquierdo, Antonio/F-2235-2013; Mendez Munoz, Victor/M-1762-2014; Seco, Marcos/A-3886-2015; Cid Vidal, Xabier/L-2900-2014; Giachero, Andrea/I-1081-2013; Nasteva, Irina/M-8764-2014; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Morawski, Piotr/O-7125-2014; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Adeva, Bernardo /L-1378-2014; Martinez Santos, Diego/I-2743-2015; Saborido Silva, Juan Jose/K-1775-2014; Zavertyaev, Mikhail/M-6844-2015; Belogurov, Sergey/N-1029-2015; Grecu, Alexandru Tudor/B-8977-2011; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; gushchin, evgeny/J-3648-2014; Filippov, Sergey/J-3600-2014; Novoselov, Alexey/K-4244-2014; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/K-4686-2014; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/K-6508-2014; Bobeth, Christoph/F-7325-2013; Descotes-Genon, Sebastien/N-3364-2013; Galli, Domenico/A-1606-2012; Potterat, Cedric/H-8190-2013; Coca, Cornelia/B-6015-2012; Egorychev, Victor/H-1076-2014; Patrignani, Claudia/C-5223-2009; Tsaregorodtsev, Andrei/E-3873-2016; OI Straub, David/0000-0001-5762-7339; Belyaev, Ivan/0000-0002-7458-7030; Sciascia, Barbara/0000-0003-0670-006X; Fernandez, Victor/0000-0001-5733-494X; Mauricio-Ferre, J./0000-0002-9331-1363; Sciubba, Adalberto/0000-0002-3301-9176; Matteuzzi, Clara/0000-0002-4047-4521; Santovetti, Emanuele/0000-0002-5605-1662; Watson, Nigel/0000-0002-8142-4678; Schiller, Manuel Tobias/0000-0001-8750-863X; MACIUC, Florin/0000-0001-6651-9436; Pappagallo, Marco/0000-0001-7601-5602; Plo Casasus, Maximo/0000-0002-2289-918X; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/0000-0001-7166-5198; Golubkov, Dmitry/0000-0001-6216-1596; Egede, Ulrik/0000-0001-5493-0762; Perazzini, Stefano/0000-0002-1862-7122; Lafferty, George/0000-0003-0658-4919; van Dyk, Danny/0000-0002-7668-810X; Koppenburg, Patrick/0000-0001-8614-7203; Lanfranchi, Gaia/0000-0002-9467-8001; Cardini, Alessandro/0000-0002-6649-0298; Matias, Joaquim/0000-0002-3288-7246; Gascon, David/0000-0001-9607-6154; Soler, Paul/0000-0002-4893-3729; Krokovny, Pavel/0000-0002-1236-4667; Perez-Calero Yzquierdo, Antonio/0000-0003-3036-7965; Mendez Munoz, Victor/0000-0002-9044-1189; Seco, Marcos/0000-0003-0354-8699; Cid Vidal, Xabier/0000-0002-0468-541X; Giachero, Andrea/0000-0003-0493-695X; Nasteva, Irina/0000-0001-7115-7214; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Adeva, Bernardo /0000-0001-9756-3712; Martinez Santos, Diego/0000-0002-6438-4483; Saborido Silva, Juan Jose/0000-0002-6270-130X; Grecu, Alexandru Tudor/0000-0002-7770-1839; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; KECHADI, Mohand Tahar/0000-0002-0176-6281; Raven, Gerhard/0000-0002-2897-5323; Bifani, Simone/0000-0001-7072-4854; Lenz, Alexander/0000-0003-3976-035X; Storaci, Barbara/0000-0002-0219-2750; Vazquez Regueiro, Pablo/0000-0002-0767-9736; Craik, Daniel/0000-0002-3684-1560; needham, matthew/0000-0002-8297-6714; Cunliffe, Sam/0000-0003-0167-8641; Gotti, Claudio/0000-0003-2501-9608; Fitzpatrick, Conor/0000-0003-3674-0812; Pessina, Gianluigi Ezio/0000-0003-3700-9757; Silvestrini, Luca/0000-0002-2253-4164; Rattazzi, Riccardo/0000-0003-0276-017X; Zeng, Ming/0000-0001-9717-1751; Sarti, Alessio/0000-0001-5419-7951; nandi, soumitra/0000-0001-6567-0302; Garrido Beltran, Lluis/0000-0001-8883-6539; Seyfert, Paul/0000-0001-5419-2763; David, Pieter/0000-0001-9260-9371; gushchin, evgeny/0000-0001-8857-1665; Filippov, Sergey/0000-0003-3900-3914; Novoselov, Alexey/0000-0002-0019-1498; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Gallas Torreira, Abraham Antonio/0000-0002-2745-7954; Descotes-Genon, Sebastien/0000-0001-7512-4970; Galli, Domenico/0000-0003-2375-6030; Potterat, Cedric/0000-0002-0027-1316; Patrignani, Claudia/0000-0002-5882-1747; Carboni, Giovanni/0000-0003-1128-8276; Vagnoni, Vincenzo Maria/0000-0003-2206-311X; Tsaregorodtsev, Andrei/0000-0003-4618-520X; Martinelli, Maurizio/0000-0003-4792-9178; De Capua, Stefano/0000-0002-6285-9596 FU CERN; CAPES; CNPq; FAPERJ; FINEP (Brazil); NSFC (China); CNRS/IN2P3; Region Auvergne (France); BMBF; DFG; HGF; MPG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); FOM; NWO (The Netherlands); SCSR (Poland); ANCS/IFA (Romania); MinES; Rosatom; RFBR; NRC "Kurchatov Institute" (Russia); MinECo; XuntaGal; GENCAT (Spain); SNSF; SER (Switzerland); NAS Ukraine (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); NSF (USA); ERC; IN2P3 (France); KIT; BMBF (Germany); NWO; SURF (The Netherlands); PIC (Spain); GridPP (United Kingdom); National Science Foundation [NSF PHY-1068052]; EU ITN "Unification in the LHC Era" [PITN-GA-2009-237920] FX The LHCb Collaboration expresses its gratitude to its colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC. LHCb thanks the technical and administrative staff at the LHCb institutes, and acknowledges support from CERN and from the national agencies: CAPES, CNPq, FAPERJ and FINEP (Brazil); NSFC (China); CNRS/IN2P3 and Region Auvergne (France); BMBF, DFG, HGF and MPG (Germany); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); FOM and NWO (The Netherlands); SCSR (Poland); ANCS/IFA (Romania); MinES, Rosatom, RFBR and NRC "Kurchatov Institute" (Russia); MinECo, XuntaGal and GENCAT (Spain); SNSF and SER (Switzerland); NAS Ukraine (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); NSF (USA). LHCb also acknowledges the support received from the ERC under FP7. The Tier1 computing centres are supported by IN2P3 (France), KIT and BMBF (Germany), INFN (Italy), NWO and SURF (The Netherlands), PIC (Spain), GridPP (United Kingdom). LHCb is thankful for the computing resources put at its disposal by Yandex LLC (Russia), as well as to the communities behind the multiple open source software packages that are depended upon.; The work of A. Datta was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF PHY-1068052. D. M. Straub was supported by the EU ITN "Unification in the LHC Era", contract PITN-GA-2009-237920 (UNILHC). We thank D. Gorbunov for useful comments. NR 620 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD APR PY 2013 VL 73 IS 4 AR 2373 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-013-2373-2 PG 92 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 135MM UT WOS:000318292200010 ER PT J AU Blaschke, DN Steinacker, HC AF Blaschke, Daniel N. Steinacker, Harold C. TI Compactified rotating branes in the matrix model, and excitation spectrum towards one loop SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID YANG-MILLS; ULTRAVIOLET DIVERGENCES AB We study compactified brane solutions of type R-4 x K in the IIB matrix model, and obtain explicitly the bosonic and fermionic fluctuation spectrum required to compute the one-loop effective action. We verify that the one-loop contributions are UV finite for R-4 x T-2, and supersymmetric for R-3 x S-1. The higher Kaluza-Klein modes are shown to have a gap in the presence of flux on T-2, and potential problems concerning stability are discussed. C1 [Blaschke, Daniel N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Steinacker, Harold C.] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. RP Blaschke, DN (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theory, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dblaschke@lanl.gov; harold.steinacker@univie.ac.at OI Steinacker, Harold/0000-0002-3440-8827 FU Austrian Academy of Sciences; Austrian Fonds fur Wissenschaft und Forschung [P24713]; theory division of LANL FX D.N. Blaschke is a recipient of an APART fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, and is also grateful for the hospitality of the theory division of LANL and its partial financial support. The work of H.S. is supported by the Austrian Fonds fur Wissenschaft und Forschung under grant P24713. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD APR PY 2013 VL 73 IS 4 AR 2414 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-013-2414-x PG 8 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 135MM UT WOS:000318292200046 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Aguilo, E Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Eroe, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruehwirth, R Ghete, VM Hoermann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Knuenz, V Krammer, M Kraetschmer, I Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rabady, D Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schoefbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Waltenberger, W Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, M Bansal, S Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Tavernier, S Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Mohammadi, A Reis, T Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Wang, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Sigamani, M Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Castello, R Ceard, L Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Garcia, JMV Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Hammad, GH Alves, GA Martins, MC Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Damiao, DD Martins, CD De Souza, SF Malbouisson, H Malek, M Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Pereira, AV Anjos, TS Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vutova, M Dimitrov, A 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Measurement of the t(t)over-bar production cross section in the tau plus jets channel in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID PHYSICS AB The top-quark pair production cross section in 7 TeV center-of-mass energy proton-proton collisions is measured using data collected by the CMS detector at the LHC. The measurement uses events with one jet identified as a hadronically decaying tau lepton and at least four additional energetic jets, at least one of which is identified as coming from a b quark. The analyzed data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.9 fb(-1) recorded by a dedicated multijet plus hadronically decaying tau trigger. A neural network has been developed to separate the top-quark pairs from the W + jets and multijet backgrounds. The measured value of sigma(t (t) over bar) = 152 +/- 12 (stat.) +/- 32 (syst.) +/- 3 (lum.) pb is consistent with the standard model predictions. 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[Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Butt, J.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Otwock, Poland. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.; Misiura, M.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Shreyber, I.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Bunichev, V.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Popov, A.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.; Snigirev, A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Brun, H.; Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Graziano, A.; Jorda, C.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, CSIC, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Bachtis, M.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Benitez, J. F.; Bernet, C.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Botta, C.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; D'Enterria, D.; Dabrowski, A.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Georgiou, G.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Girone, M.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Gundacker, S.; Hammer, J.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lee, Y. -J.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Magini, N.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mulders, M.; Musella, P.; Nesvold, E.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Perrozzi, L.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimia, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sekmen, S.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vlimant, J. R.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Donega, M.; Duenser, M.; Eller, P.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Hits, D.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marini, A. C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pandolfi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Kilminster, B.; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Tupputi, S.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Ferro, C.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Lu, Y. J.; Singh, A. P.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Asavapibhop, B.; Srimanobhas, N.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Bangkok, Thailand. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karaman, T.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Guelmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Bahtiyar, H.; Barlas, E.; Cankocak, K.; Vardarli, F. I.; Yucel, M.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Inst Phys & Technol, Natl Sci Ctr, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Stoye, M.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Charaf, O.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; St John, J.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Alimena, J.; Bhattacharya, S.; Christopher, G.; Cutts, D.; Demiragli, Z.; Ferapontov, A.; Garabedian, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Pellett, D.; Ricci-Tam, F.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez; Yohay, R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Andreev, V.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Traczyk, P.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Dinardo, M. E.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; George, C.; Golf, F.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Villalba, R. Magana; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Spiropulu, M.; Timciuc, V.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Xie, S.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Azzolini, V.; Calamba, A.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Tucker, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Apollinari, G.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Linacre, J.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Cheng, T.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Park, M.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Hewamanage, S.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.; Yumiceva, F.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Strom, D.; Turner, P.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tan, P.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Swartz, M.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Kenny, R. P., III; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Rebassoo, F.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Peterman, A.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Apyan, A.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Krajczar, K.; Levin, A.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.; Zhukova, V.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.] Univ Mississippi, Oxford, MS USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Rappoccio, S.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Nash, D.; Orimoto, T.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Hahn, K. A.; Kubik, A.; Lusito, L.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Chan, K. M.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Planer, M.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Jindal, P.; Koay, S. A.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zenz, S. C.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Brownson, E.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Akgun, B.; Boulahouache, C.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Li, W.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Ferbel, T.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Rekovic, V.; Robles, J.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.; Walker, M.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Damgov, J.; Dragoiu, C.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Volobouev, I.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Delannoy, A. G.; Florez, C.; Greene, S.; Gurrola, A.; Johns, W.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sharma, M.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anderson, M.; Belknap, D. A.; Borrello, L.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Friis, E.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Mozer, M. U.; Ojalvo, I.; Palmonari, F.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fabjan, C.; Fruehwirth, R.; Jeitler, M.; Wulz, C. -E.] Vienna Univ Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Rabady, D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Giammanco, A.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Dias, F. A.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Plestina, R.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Assran, Y.] Suez Canal Univ, Suez, Egypt. [Elgammal, S.] Zewail City Sci & Technol, Zewail, Egypt. [Kamel, A. Ellithi] Cairo Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Mahmoud, M. A.] Fayoum Univ, Al Fayyum, Egypt. [Mahrous, A.] Helwan Univ, Cairo, Egypt. [Radi, A.] British Univ Egypt, Cairo, Egypt. [Radi, A.; Bluj, M.] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Otwock, Poland. [Agram, J. -L.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.] Univ Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France. [Tsamalaidze, Z.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Zhukov, V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Bergholz, M.; Schmidt, A.] Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany. [Sibille, J.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Horvath, D.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Vesztergombi, G.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Budapest, Hungary. [Guchait, M.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Gurtu, A.] Visva Bharati Univ, Santini Ketan, W Bengal, India. [Maity, M.] Sharif Univ Technol, Tehran, Iran. [Etesami, S. M.] Isfahan Univ Technol, Esfahan, Iran. [Hashemi, M.] Shiraz Univ, Shiraz, Iran. [Safarzadeh, B.] Islamic Azad Univ, Plasma Phys Res Ctr, Sci & Res Branch, Tehran, Iran. [Colafranceschi, S.] Univ Rome, Fac Ingn, Rome, Italy. [Buontempo, S.] Univ Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, Italy. [Riccardi, C.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Serban, A. T.] Univ Bucharest, Fac Phys, Bucharest, Romania. [Krpic, D.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Felcini, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Rolandi, G.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Rolandi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Pisa, Italy. [Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Worm, S. D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Starodumov, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Amsler, C.] Albert Einstein Ctr Fundamental Phys, Bern, Switzerland. [Bakirci, M. N.] Gaziosmanpasa Univ, Tokat, Turkey. [Cerci, S.] Adiyaman Univ, Adiyaman, Turkey. [Karapinar, G.] Izmir Inst Technol, Izmir, Turkey. [Ozturk, S.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Sogut, K.] Mersin Univ, Mersin, Turkey. [Isildak, B.] Ozyegin Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Kaya, M.] Kafkas Univ, Kars, Turkey. [Ozkorucuklu, S.] Suleyman Demirel Univ, TR-32200 Isparta, Turkey. [Sonmez, N.] Ege Univ, Izmir, Turkey. [Gunaydin, Y. O.] Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. [Belyaev, A.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton, Hants, England. [Pioppi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Pioppi, M.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Wasserbaech, S.] Utah Valley Univ, Orem, UT USA. [Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. [Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Bilki, B.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Mermerkaya, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ozok, F.] Erzincan Univ, Erzincan, Turkey. [Krajczar, K.] Mimar Sinan Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Kamon, T.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Kim, B.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. RP Chatrchyan, S (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. EM cms-publication-committee-chair@cern.ch RI TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Dubinin, Mikhail/I-3942-2016; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Seixas, Joao/F-5441-2013; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Bedoya, Cristina/K-8066-2014; My, Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014; Dahms, Torsten/A-8453-2015; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Raidal, Martti/F-4436-2012; Bernardes, Cesar Augusto/D-2408-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Codispoti, Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Gunaydin, Yusuf/F-7300-2014; Montanari, Alessandro/J-2420-2012; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; VARDARLI, Fuat Ilkehan/B-6360-2013; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Markina, Anastasia/E-3390-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/D-4314-2011; Dogangun, Oktay/L-9252-2013; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/G-6218-2012; Janssen, Xavier/E-1915-2013; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Bartalini, Paolo/E-2512-2014; Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Ligabue, Franco/F-3432-2014; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Zhukov, Valery/K-3615-2013; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Tomei, Thiago/E-7091-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Kodolova, Olga/D-7158-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; Wimpenny, Stephen/K-8848-2013; Tinti, Gemma/I-5886-2013; Hill, Christopher/B-5371-2012; Liu, Sheng/K-2815-2013; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Haj Ahmad, Wael/E-6738-2016; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Govoni, Pietro/K-9619-2016; Yazgan, Efe/C-4521-2014 OI TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Dubinin, Mikhail/0000-0002-7766-7175; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Gunaydin, Yusuf/0000-0002-0514-6936; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Ligabue, Franco/0000-0002-1549-7107; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950 FU BMWF; FWF (Austria); FNRS; FWO (Belgium); CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ; FAPESP (Brazil); MEYS (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS; MoST; NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER [SF0690030s09]; ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland; MEC; HIP (Finland); CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA; NKTH (Hungary); DAE; DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF; WCU (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV; CONACYT; SEP; UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE; NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); MON; RosAtom; RAS; RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI; CPAN (Spain); NSC (Taipei); ThEPCenter; IPST; NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK; TAEK (Tkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE; NSF (USA) FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MEYS (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzurerland); NSC (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Tkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 90 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD APR PY 2013 VL 73 IS 4 AR 2386 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-013-2386-x PG 18 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 135MM UT WOS:000318292200022 ER PT J AU Turnerll, BL Janetos, AC Verburg, PH Murray, AT AF Turnerll, B. L. Janetos, Anthony C. Verburg, Peter H. Murray, Alan T. TI Land system architecture: Using land systems to adapt and mitigate global environmental change SO GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS LA English DT Editorial Material DE Land systems; Spatial dimensions; Mitigation; Adaptation; Global environmental change; Sustainability ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; LANDSCAPE; ECOLOGY; SCIENCE; PATTERN; DESIGN C1 [Turnerll, B. L.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Turnerll, B. L.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Janetos, Anthony C.] Univ Maryland, Joint Global Change Res Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Verburg, Peter H.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Environm Studies, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Murray, Alan T.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Turnerll, BL (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM billie.l.turner@asu.edu RI Verburg, Peter/A-8469-2010 OI Verburg, Peter/0000-0002-6977-7104 NR 30 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 57 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-3780 J9 GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANG JI Glob. Environ. Change-Human Policy Dimens. PD APR PY 2013 VL 23 IS 2 BP 395 EP 397 DI 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.12.009 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography GA 135YV UT WOS:000318327500001 ER PT J AU Sathaye, JA Dale, LL Larsen, PH Fitts, GA Koy, K Lewis, SM de Lucena, AFP AF Sathaye, Jayant A. Dale, Larry L. Larsen, Peter H. Fitts, Gary A. Koy, Kevin Lewis, Sarah M. Pereira de Lucena, Andre Frossard TI Estimating impacts of warming temperatures on California's electricity system SO GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS LA English DT Article DE Climate change impacts; Electricity; Peak Load; California ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; POWER-PLANT; INFRASTRUCTURE; EVENTS; MODEL AB Despite a clear need, little research has been carried out at the regional-level to quantify potential climate-related impacts to electricity production and delivery systems. This paper introduces a bottom-up study of climate change impacts on California's energy infrastructure, including high temperature effects on power plant capacity, transmission lines, substation capacity, and peak electricity demand. End-of-century impacts were projected using the A2 and B1 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emission scenarios. The study quantifies the effect of high ambient temperatures on electricity generation, the capacity of substations and transmission lines, and the demand for peak power for a set of climate scenarios. Based on these scenarios, atmospheric warming and associated peak demand increases would necessitate up to 38% of additional peak generation capacity and up to 31% additional transmission capacity, assuming current infrastructure. These findings, although based on a limited number of scenarios, suggest that additional funding could be put to good use by supporting R&D into next generation cooling equipment technologies, diversifying the power generation mix without compromising the system's operational flexibility, and designing effective demand side management programs. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sathaye, Jayant A.; Dale, Larry L.; Larsen, Peter H.; Fitts, Gary A.; Pereira de Lucena, Andre Frossard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Larsen, Peter H.] Stanford Univ, Sch Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Koy, Kevin; Lewis, Sarah M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Coll Nat Resources, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pereira de Lucena, Andre Frossard] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Ctr Tecnol, BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. RP Sathaye, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,90-4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM JASathaye@lbl.gov NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-3780 EI 1872-9495 J9 GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANG JI Glob. Environ. Change-Human Policy Dimens. PD APR PY 2013 VL 23 IS 2 BP 499 EP 511 DI 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.12.005 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography GA 135YV UT WOS:000318327500011 ER PT J AU Deceglie, MG Ferry, VE Alivisatos, AP Atwater, HA AF Deceglie, Michael G. Ferry, Vivian E. Alivisatos, A. Paul Atwater, Harry A. TI Accounting for Localized Defects in the Optoelectronic Design of Thin-Film Solar Cells SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Light trapping; plasmon; simulation; thin-film solar cell ID OPEN-CIRCUIT VOLTAGE; SURFACE-MORPHOLOGY; PHOTONIC CRYSTAL; ABSORPTION; EFFICIENCY; DEVICES AB Controlled nanostructuring of thin-film solar cells offers a promising route toward increased efficiency through improved light trapping. Many such light trapping designs involve structuring of the active region itself. Optimization of these designs is aided by the use of computer simulations that account for both the optics and electronics of the device. We describe such a simulation-based approach that accounts for experimental trade-offs between high-aspect ratio structuring and electronic material quality. Our model explicitly accounts for localized regions of degraded material quality that is induced by light trapping structures in n-i-p a-Si:H solar cells. We find that the geometry of the defects couples to the geometry of light absorption profiles in the active region and that this coupling impacts the spectral response of the device. Our approach yields insights into the nanoscale device physics that is associated with localized geometry-induced defects and provides a framework for full optoelectronic optimization. C1 [Deceglie, Michael G.; Atwater, Harry A.] CALTECH, Thomas J Watson Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ferry, Vivian E.; Alivisatos, A. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ferry, Vivian E.; Alivisatos, A. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Deceglie, MG (reprint author), CALTECH, Thomas J Watson Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM deceglie@caltech.edu; veferry@lbl.gov; apalivisatos@lbl.gov; haa@caltech.edu RI Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DOE DE-FG02-07ER46405]; National Central University's Energy Research Collaboration; "Light-Material Interactions in Energy Conversion" Energy Frontiers Research Center, United States Department of Energy [DE-SC0001293]; LBL [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the "Light-Material Interactions in Energy Conversion" Energy Frontiers Research Center, United States Department of Energy, under grant DE-SC0001293, LBL Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. The work of M. G. Deceglie was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract DOE DE-FG02-07ER46405 and the National Central University's Energy Research Collaboration. NR 36 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 40 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 599 EP 604 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2013.2240764 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137LK UT WOS:000318437200001 ER PT J AU Powell, DM Winkler, MT Goodrich, A Buonassisi, T AF Powell, Douglas M. Winkler, Mark T. Goodrich, Alan Buonassisi, Tonio TI Modeling the Cost and Minimum Sustainable Price of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Manufacturing in the United States SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Costs; industrial economics; manufacturing; photovoltaic cells; profitability ID SOLAR-CELLS AB We extend our cost model to assess minimum sustainable prices of crystalline silicon wafer, cell, and module manufacturing in the United States. We investigate the cost and price structures of current multicrystalline silicon technology and consider the introduction of line-of-sight innovations currently on the industry roadmap, as well as advanced technologies currently at an earlier stage of development. We benchmark the capability of these concepts to reach the U.S. Department of Energy SunShot module price target and perform a sensitivity analysis to determine high-impact research domains that have the greatest impact on price. This exercise highlights advanced c-Si manufacturing concepts with significant cost reduction potential and provides insight into strategies that could greatly reduce module prices in a financially sustainable manner. C1 [Powell, Douglas M.; Winkler, Mark T.; Buonassisi, Tonio] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Goodrich, Alan] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Powell, DM (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM dmpowell@alum.mit.edu; Mwinkler@post.harvard.edu; Alan.Goodrich@nrel.gov; buonassisi@mit.edu RI Buonassisi, Tonio/J-2723-2012 FU National Science Foundation [ECCS-1150878]; Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship Program; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-EE0005314, DE-AC36-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract DE-EE0005314 and Contract DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, with support from the DOE Solar Energy Technologies Program. The work of T. Buonassisi was supported by National Science Foundation under CAREER award ECCS-1150878. The work of D. M. Powell was supported by the Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship Program. NR 61 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 27 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 662 EP 668 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2230056 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137LK UT WOS:000318437200010 ER PT J AU Ahsan, N Miyashita, N Islam, MM Yu, KM Walukiewicz, W Okada, Y AF Ahsan, Nazmul Miyashita, Naoya Islam, Muhammad Monirul Yu, Kin Man Walukiewicz, Wladek Okada, Yoshitaka TI Effect of Sb on GaNAs Intermediate Band Solar Cells SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Dilute nitride; intermediate band solar cell (IBSC); molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); two-step photon excitation ID EFFICIENCY; GAINNASSB; LASERS AB We present a comparative study on the material properties and two-photon excitation (TPE) experiments that involve three bands between a GaNAs and a GaNAsSb absorber designed for intermediate band solar cells. The absorber layers were sandwiched between p-AlGaAs emitter layers and n-AlGaAs IB barrier layers. This permits production of above the bandgap electron-hole pairs by TPE involving two subband photons with the intermediate band as the stepping stone. A recovery in the carrier population in the intermediate band of the GaNAsSb absorber was realized due to an improved material quality. An enhancement in the photocurrent production due to TPE and an associated improvement in the open-circuit voltage were observed. C1 [Ahsan, Nazmul; Miyashita, Naoya; Islam, Muhammad Monirul; Okada, Yoshitaka] Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, Tokyo 1538904, Japan. [Yu, Kin Man; Walukiewicz, Wladek] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ahsan, N (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, Tokyo 1538904, Japan. EM ahsan@mbe.rcast.u-tokyo.ac.jp; miyashita@mbe.rcast.u-tokyo.ac.jp; monirul@mbe.rcast.u-tokyo.ac.jp; KMYu@lbl.gov; W_Walukiewicz@lbl.gov; okada@mbe.rcast.u-tokyo.ac.jp OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Islam, Muhammad Monirul/0000-0002-9448-731X FU New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization; Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry, Japan, under the SOLAR QUEST program; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX Manuscript received June 9, 2012; revised September 5, 2012 and October 11, 2012; accepted October 17, 2012. Date of publication December 20, 2012; date of current version March 18, 2013. This work was supported by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization and the Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry, Japan, under the SOLAR QUEST program. The work at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 37 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 730 EP 736 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2228296 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137LK UT WOS:000318437200021 ER PT J AU Hinkey, RT Tian, ZB Rassel, SMSS Yang, RQ Klem, JF Johnson, MB AF Hinkey, Robert T. Tian, Zhao-Bing Rassel, S. M. Shazzad S. Yang, Rui Q. Klem, John F. Johnson, Matthew B. TI Interband Cascade Photovoltaic Devices for Conversion of Mid-IR Radiation SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Open-circuit voltage; photovoltaic (PV) cells; semiconductor devices; III-V semiconductor materials ID SOLAR-CELL; EFFICIENCY; SYSTEMS; LIMIT AB Interband cascade structures are investigated for applications in the photovoltaic conversion of mid-infrared radiation. We present detailed studies of the performance characteristics and the temperature dependence of seven-stage, single-bandgap devices. These cascade structure devices were able to achieve open-circuit voltages as high as 1.68 V with a cutoff wavelength of 4.0 mu m at 80 K. The total power efficiency was broken down into a product of individual efficiencies in order to determine the power loss from each of the physical mechanisms that are involved in the conversion process. We find that at low temperature, the power conversion is limited by incomplete absorption of the incident light and a fill factor below 50%. At higher temperature, the drop in open-circuit voltage limits the efficiency. We comment on how the results of this efficiency analysis will steer the direction of our future efforts toward device improvement. C1 [Hinkey, Robert T.; Tian, Zhao-Bing; Rassel, S. M. Shazzad S.; Yang, Rui Q.; Johnson, Matthew B.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Klem, John F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Hinkey, RT (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM hinkey@nhn.ou.edu; ztian@ou.edu; rassel@ou.edu; rui.q.yang@ou.edu; jklem@sandia.gov; matthew.b.johnson-2@ou.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy's Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research program [DE-SC0004523]; C-SPIN; Okahoma/Arkansas Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers [DMR-0520550]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Manuscript received September 25, 2012; revised November 11, 2012; accepted January 2, 2013. Date of publication February 1, 2013; date of current version March 18, 2013. This work was supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy's Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research program under Award DE-SC0004523, by C-SPIN, the Okahoma/Arkansas Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers under Grant DMR-0520550, and by Sandia National Laboratories (which is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration) under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 745 EP 752 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2013.2239360 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137LK UT WOS:000318437200023 ER PT J AU Sorensen, NR Thomas, EV Quintana, MA Barkaszi, S Rosenthal, A Zhang, Z Kurtz, S AF Sorensen, N. Robert Thomas, Edward V. Quintana, Michael A. Barkaszi, Stephen Rosenthal, Andrew Zhang, Zhen Kurtz, Sarah TI Thermal Study of Inverter Components SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Photovoltaics; reliability; temperature ID RELIABILITY AB Thermal histories of inverter components were collected from operating inverters from several manufacturers and three locations. The data were analyzed to determine thermal profiles, and the dependence on local conditions, as well as to assess the effect on inverter reliability. Inverter temperatures were shown to increase with the power dissipation of the inverters, follow diurnal and annual cycles, and have a dependence on wind speed. An accumulated damage model was applied to the temperature profiles, and an example of using these data to predict reliability was explored. C1 [Sorensen, N. Robert; Thomas, Edward V.; Quintana, Michael A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. [Barkaszi, Stephen] Florida Solar Energy Ctr, Cocoa, FL 32922 USA. [Rosenthal, Andrew] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 87747 USA. [Zhang, Zhen; Kurtz, Sarah] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Sorensen, NR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM nrsoren@sandia.gov; evthoma@sandia.gov; maquint1@gmail.com; barkaszi@fsec.ucf.edu; arosenth@nmsu.edu; Zhen.Zhang@nrel.gov; Sarah.Kurtz@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Manuscript received June 2, 2012; accepted December 23, 2012. Date of current version March 18, 2013. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.; Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 807 EP 813 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2013.2244162 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137LK UT WOS:000318437200031 ER PT J AU Woodhouse, M Goodrich, A Margolis, R James, TL Lokanc, M Eggert, R AF Woodhouse, Michael Goodrich, Alan Margolis, Robert James, Ted L. Lokanc, Martin Eggert, Roderick TI Supply-Chain Dynamics of Tellurium, Indium, and Gallium Within the Context of PV Manufacturing Costs SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Gallium; indium; tellurium; thin-film photovoltaic (PV) ID EPITAXIAL LIFT-OFF; SOLAR-CELLS; HIGH-EFFICIENCY; PHOTOVOLTAICS AB If humankind is to implement more sustainable energy choices, it will be crucial for energy systems such as photovoltaics (PV) to demonstrate success both soon and over the long-term quest. To that end, both the crystalline silicon and thin-film technologies have made, and continue to make, remarkable strides toward providing solutions that are quickly becoming more competitive against the traditional sources for power generation. But, within the thin-film segment of this industry the highest demonstrated sunlight power conversion efficiencies have thus far come from material sets containing relatively rare constituent elements. These include tellurium in the cadmium telluride technology, and indium and/ or gallium in the CIS/copper indium gallium diselenide and III-V families of technologies. In this paper we show that the current global supply base for these three energy-critical elements is not sufficient for enabling energy-significant levels of PV deployment, but also show that each of the thin-film PV technologies that are described has an ability to absorb potential increases in the price for these constituent element(s). This ability then leads to the possibility that the supply base for each element can be augmented. C1 [Woodhouse, Michael; Goodrich, Alan; Margolis, Robert; James, Ted L.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Lokanc, Martin; Eggert, Roderick] Colorado Sch Mines, Div Mineral & Energy Econ, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Woodhouse, M (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Strateg Energy Anal Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM michael.woodhouse@nrel.gov; Alan.Goodrich@nrel.gov; robert.margolis@nrel.gov; ted.james@nrel.gov; mlokanc@googlemail.com; reggert@mines.edu NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 27 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 833 EP 837 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2013.2242960 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137LK UT WOS:000318437200035 ER PT J AU McMahon, WE Lin, CT Ward, JS Geisz, JF Wanlass, MW Carapella, JJ Olavarria, W Young, M Steiner, MA France, RM Kibbler, AE Duda, A Olson, JM Perl, EE Friedman, DJ Bowers, JE AF McMahon, W. E. Lin, C. -T. Ward, J. S. Geisz, J. F. Wanlass, M. W. Carapella, J. J. Olavarria, W. Young, M. Steiner, M. A. France, R. M. Kibbler, A. E. Duda, A. Olson, J. M. Perl, E. E. Friedman, D. J. Bowers, J. E. TI Metal Pillar Interconnection Topology for Bonded Two-Terminal Multijunction III-V Solar Cells SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Bonding processes; optimization; photovoltaic cells; semiconductor device modeling; III-V semiconductor materials AB Metal-interconnected multijunction solar cells offer one pathway toward efficiencies in excess of 50%. However, if a three- or four-terminal configuration is used, optical losses from the interfacial grid can be considerable. Here, we examine an alternative that provides an optimal interconnection for two-terminal bonded devices. This "pillar-array" topology is optimized by minimizing the sum of all power losses, including shadow losses and numerically computed electrical losses. Numerical modeling is used to illustrate the benefit of a pillar-array interfacial metallization for some two-terminal configurations. C1 [McMahon, W. E.; Ward, J. S.; Geisz, J. F.; Wanlass, M. W.; Carapella, J. J.; Olavarria, W.; Young, M.; Steiner, M. A.; France, R. M.; Kibbler, A. E.; Duda, A.; Olson, J. M.; Friedman, D. J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Lin, C. -T.; Perl, E. E.; Bowers, J. E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP McMahon, WE (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM bill.mcmahon@nrel.gov; clin01@umail.ucsb.edu; scott.ward@nrel.gov; john.geisz@nrel.gov; mark.wanlass@nrel.gov; Jeffrey.Carapella@nrel.gov; waldo.olavarria@nrel.gov; michelle.young@nrel.gov; myles.steiner@nrel.gov; ryan.france@nrel.gov; Alan.Kibbler@nrel.gov; anna.duda@nrel.gov; jerry.olson@nrel.gov; emmettperl@ece.ucsb.edu; daniel.friedman@nrel.gov; bowers@ece.ucsb.edu FU Center for Energy Efficient Materials, which is an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001009]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1144085] FX Manuscript received May 21, 2012; revised November 29, 2012; accepted December 7, 2012. Date of publication January 9, 2013; date of current version March 18, 2013. This work was supported in part by the Center for Energy Efficient Materials, which is an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Award DE-SC0001009. The work of E. E. Perl (optical modeling) was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant DGE-1144085. NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 18 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 868 EP 872 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2234208 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137LK UT WOS:000318437200040 ER PT J AU Steiner, MA Geisz, JF Moriarty, TE France, RM McMahon, WE Olson, JM Kurtz, SR Friedman, DJ AF Steiner, Myles A. Geisz, John F. Moriarty, Tom E. France, Ryan M. McMahon, William E. Olson, Jerry M. Kurtz, Sarah R. Friedman, Daniel J. TI Measuring IV Curves and Subcell Photocurrents in the Presence of Luminescent Coupling SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Current-voltage (IV) curve; luminescent coupling; multijunction solar cell; photocurrent; radiative recombination ID DOUBLE HETEROSTRUCTURES; QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; SOLAR-CELLS AB High-quality, direct-bandgap solar cells emit significant luminescence at their band edge when forced to operate in forward bias, thereby creating a possible source of photocurrent in lower bandgap junctions of a multijunction cell. We study the effects of luminescent coupling on the measurement of the subcell photocurrents for a series-connected III-V multijunction solar cell. We describe a technique that uses a set of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and a Xenon-lamp white-light source to accurately determine the subcell photocurrents under a reference spectrum, taking the luminescent coupling current into account. The technique quantifies the luminescent coupling efficiencies and compensates for any spectral overlap between the LEDs and the other junctions. Since quantum efficiency curves are used in the adjustment of the simulator spectrum, we also show how to correct those curves to remove the effects of luminescent coupling. C1 [Steiner, Myles A.; Geisz, John F.; Moriarty, Tom E.; France, Ryan M.; McMahon, William E.; Olson, Jerry M.; Kurtz, Sarah R.; Friedman, Daniel J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Steiner, MA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM myles.steiner@nrel.gov; john.geisz@nrel.gov; tom.moriarty@nrel.gov; ryan.france@nrel.gov; bill.mcmahon@nrel.gov; jerry.olson@nrel.gov; sarah.kurtz@nrel.gov; daniel.friedman@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 16 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 23 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 879 EP 887 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2228298 PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137LK UT WOS:000318437200042 ER PT J AU France, RM Geisz, JF Steiner, MA Friedman, DJ Ward, JS Olson, JM Olavarria, W Young, M Duda, A AF France, Ryan M. Geisz, John F. Steiner, Myles A. Friedman, Daniel J. Ward, J. Scott Olson, Jerry M. Olavarria, Waldo Young, Michelle Duda, Anna TI Pushing Inverted Metamorphic Multijunction Solar Cells Toward Higher Efficiency at Realistic Operating Conditions SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS LA English DT Article DE Concentration; material quality; multijunction (MJ) solar cells; temperature ID EPITAXY AB A unique aspect of the inverted metamorphic multijunction (IMM) solar cell is the bandgap tunability of each junction, creating extremely flexible device designs. The optimal structure has subcell photocurrents that are matched for a given spectrum. However, the subcell photocurrents depend on the cell operating temperature, and therefore, the bandgaps need to be optimized for a certain range of operating conditions. In addition, imperfect material quality results in a loss of voltage and current that depends on the cell bandgap and thickness. In this case, an iterative process of multijunction design and subcell characterization is necessary to determine the optimal design. We compare two different three-junction devices to demonstrate the effect of bandgap selection and lattice-mismatched material quality on device performance at different temperatures. The triple-junction (3J)-IMM design with two lattice-mismatched junctions of perfect material quality (2MMJ) is theoretically optimal at room temperature but experimentally performs similarly to a simpler design with one mismatched junction (1MMJ) at higher temperature because of material quality tradeoffs and the temperature dependence of the designs. Significant progress in the growth, processing, and measurement has led to a 1MMJ design with (42.6 +/- 2.1)% peak efficiency at 327 suns and (40.9 +/- 2.0)% efficiency at 1093 suns under the direct spectrum. C1 [France, Ryan M.; Geisz, John F.; Steiner, Myles A.; Friedman, Daniel J.; Ward, J. Scott; Olson, Jerry M.; Olavarria, Waldo; Young, Michelle; Duda, Anna] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP France, RM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ryan.france@nrel.gov; john.geisz@nrel.gov; myles.steiner@nrel.gov; daniel.friedman@nrel.gov; scott.ward@nrel.gov; jerry.olson@nrel.gov; waldo.olavarria@nrel.gov; michelle.young@nrel.gov; anna.duda@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-G028308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC36-08-G028308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 43 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-3381 J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT JI IEEE J. Photovolt. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 893 EP 898 DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2013.2239358 PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 137LK UT WOS:000318437200044 ER PT J AU Chang, H Han, J Borowsky, A Loss, L Gray, JW Spellman, PT Parvin, B AF Chang, Hang Han, Ju Borowsky, Alexander Loss, Leandro Gray, Joe W. Spellman, Paul T. Parvin, Bahram TI Invariant Delineation of Nuclear Architecture in Glioblastoma Multiforme for Clinical and Molecular Association SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE Molecular pathology; nuclear segmentation; subtyping; tumor histopathology ID BREAST-CANCER; IMAGES; SEGMENTATION; COLOR; HEMATOXYLIN; EXPRESSION; LEVEL AB Automated analysis of whole mount tissue sections can provide insights into tumor subtypes and the underlying molecular basis of neoplasm. However, since tumor sections are collected from different laboratories, inherent technical and biological variations impede analysis for very large datasets such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Our objective is to characterize tumor histopathology, through the delineation of the nuclear regions, from hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections. Such a representation can then be mined for intrinsic subtypes across a large dataset for prediction and molecular association. Furthermore, nuclear segmentation is formulated within a multi-reference graph framework with geodesic constraints, which enables computation of multidimensional representations, on a cell-by-cell basis, for functional enrichment and bioinformatics analysis. Here, we present a novel method, multi-reference graph cut (MRGC), for nuclear segmentation that overcomes technical variations associated with sample preparation by incorporating prior knowledge from manually annotated reference images and local image features. The proposed approach has been validated on manually annotated samples and then applied to a dataset of 377 Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) whole slide images from 146 patients. For the GBM cohort, multidimensional representation of the nuclear features and their organization have identified 1) statistically significant subtypes based on several morphometric indexes, 2) whether each subtype can be predictive or not, and 3) that the molecular correlates of predictive subtypes are consistent with the literature. Data and intermediaries for a number of tumor types (GBM, low grade glial, and kidney renal clear carcinoma) are available at: http://tcga.lbl.gov for correlation with TCGA molecular data. The website also provides an interface for panning and zooming of whole mount tissue sections with/without overlaid segmentation results for quality control. C1 [Chang, Hang; Han, Ju; Loss, Leandro; Parvin, Bahram] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Borowsky, Alexander] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Comparat Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gray, Joe W.; Spellman, Paul T.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Ctr Spatial Syst Biomed, Portland, OR 97239 USA. RP Chang, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hchang@lbl.gov; jhan@lbl.gov; adborowsky@ucdavis.edu; laloss@lbl.gov; grayjo@ohsu.edu; spellmap@ohsu.edu; b_parvin@lbl.gov FU NIH [U24 CA1437991]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by NIH U24 CA1437991 carried out at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Asterisk indicates corresponding author. NR 55 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0278-0062 EI 1558-254X J9 IEEE T MED IMAGING JI IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging PD APR PY 2013 VL 32 IS 4 BP 670 EP 682 DI 10.1109/TMI.2012.2231420 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 137YO UT WOS:000318474700004 PM 23221815 ER PT J AU Nguyen, NQ Abbey, CK Insana, MF AF Nguyen, Nghia Q. Abbey, Craig K. Insana, Michael F. TI Objective Assessment of Sonographic Quality I: Task Information SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE Breast imaging; detectability; ideal-observer analysis; image quality; Kullback-Leibler divergence ID IMAGE QUALITY; MEDICAL ULTRASOUND; DETECTABILITY; OBSERVER; SPECKLE AB In this paper, we explore relationships between the performance of the ideal observer and information-based measures of class separability in the context of sonographic breast-lesion diagnosis. This investigation was motivated by a finding that, since the test statistic of the ideal observer in sonography is a quadratic function of the echo data, it is not generally normally distributed. We found for some types of boundary discrimination tasks often required for sonographic lesion diagnosis, the deviation of the test statistic from a normal distribution can be significant. Hence the usual relationships between performance and information metrics become uncertain. Using Monte Carlo studies involving five common sonographic lesion-discrimination tasks, we found in each case that the detectability index d(A)(2) from receiver operating characteristic analysis was well approximated by the Kullback-Leibler divergence J, a measure of clinical task information available from the recorded radio-frequency echo data. However, the lesion signal-to-noise ratio, SNRI2, calculated from moments of the ideal observer test statistic, consistently underestimates d(A)(2) for high-contrast boundary discrimination tasks. Thus, in a companion paper, we established a relationship between image-quality properties of the imaging system and J in order to predict ideal performance. These relationships provide a rigorous basis for sonographic instrument evaluation and design. C1 [Nguyen, Nghia Q.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Nguyen, Nghia Q.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Enviromental Sci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Abbey, Craig K.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Psychol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Insana, Michael F.] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Nguyen, NQ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM nghia@lanl.gov; craig.abbey@psych.ucsb.edu; mfi@illinois.edu FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [CA118294] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Award CA118294. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0278-0062 J9 IEEE T MED IMAGING JI IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging PD APR PY 2013 VL 32 IS 4 BP 683 EP 690 DI 10.1109/TMI.2012.2232303 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 137YO UT WOS:000318474700005 PM 23247846 ER PT J AU Nguyen, NQ Abbey, CK Insana, MF AF Nguyen, Nghia Q. Abbey, Craig K. Insana, Michael F. TI Objective Assessment of Sonographic: Quality II Acquisition Information Spectrum SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING LA English DT Article DE Breast lesions; ideal observer; image quality; Kullback-Leibler divergence ID IMAGE QUALITY; MEDICAL ULTRASOUND; OBSERVERS; BREAST AB This paper describes a task-based, information-theoretic approach to the assessment of image quality in diagnostic sonography. We expand the Kullback-Leibler divergence metric J, which quantifies the diagnostic information contained within recorded radio-frequency echo signals, into a spatial-frequency integral comprised of two spectral components: one describes patient features for low-contrast diagnostic tasks and the other describes instrumentation properties. The latter quantity is the acquisition information spectrum (AIS), which measures the density of object information that an imaging system is able to transfer to the echo data at each spatial frequency. AIS is derived based on unique properties of acoustic scattering in tissues that generate object contrast. Predictions made by the J integral expression were validated through Monte Carlo studies using echo-signal data from simulated lesions. Our analysis predicts the diagnostic performance of any sonographic system at specific diagnostic tasks based on engineering properties of the instrument that constitute image quality. C1 [Nguyen, Nghia Q.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Abbey, Craig K.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Psychol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Insana, Michael F.] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Insana, MF (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM nghia@lanl.gov; abbey@psych.ucsb.edu; mfi@illinois.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA118294] NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0278-0062 J9 IEEE T MED IMAGING JI IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging PD APR PY 2013 VL 32 IS 4 BP 691 EP 698 DI 10.1109/TMI.2012.2231963 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 137YO UT WOS:000318474700006 PM 23221818 ER PT J AU Krajcarova, L Novotny, K Babula, P Provaznik, I Kucerova, P Adam, V Martin, MZ Kizek, R Kaiser, J AF Krajcarova, Lucie Novotny, Karel Babula, Petr Provaznik, Ivo Kucerova, Petra Adam, Vojtech Martin, Madhavi Z. Kizek, Rene Kaiser, Jozef TI Copper Transport and Accumulation in Spruce Stems (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) Revealed by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Electrochemical Detection; Double-pulse LIBS; Fluorescence Microscopy; Elemental Distribution; Mass Spectrometry ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; METAL ACCUMULATION; PLANT MATERIALS; ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; VEGETAL TISSUES; LEAD(II) IONS; CELL-WALL; CADMIUM(II); LIGNIN AB Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in double pulse configuration (DP LIBS) was used for scanning elemental spatial distribution in annual terminal stems of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten). Cross sections of stems cultivated in Cu2+ solution of different concentrations were prepared and analyzed by DP LIBS. Raster scanning with 150 mu m spatial resolution was set and 2D (2-dimentional) maps of Cu and Ca distribution were created on the basis of the data obtained. Stem parts originating in the vicinity of the implementation of the cross sections were mineralized and subsequently Cu and Ca contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results provide quantitative information about overall concentration of the elements in places, where LIBS measurements were performed. The fluorescence pictures were created to compare LIBS distribution maps and the fluorescence intensity (or the increase in autofluorescence) was used for the comparison of ICP-MS quantitative results. Results from these three methods can be utilized for quantitative measurements of copper ions transport in different plant compartments in dependence on the concentration of cultivation medium and/or the time of cultivation. C1 [Krajcarova, Lucie; Novotny, Karel; Kucerova, Petra] Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic. [Novotny, Karel; Babula, Petr; Kucerova, Petra; Adam, Vojtech; Kizek, Rene; Kaiser, Jozef] Brno Univ Technol, Cent European Inst Technol, CZ-61600 Brno, Czech Republic. [Babula, Petr] Univ Vet & Pharmaceut Sci, Fac Pharm, Dept Nat Drugs, CZ-61242 Brno, Czech Republic. [Provaznik, Ivo] Fac Elect Engn & Commun, Dept Biomed Engn, Brno 61200, Czech Republic. [Adam, Vojtech; Kizek, Rene] Mendel Univ Brno, Fac Agron, Dept Chem & Biochem, CZ-61300 Brno, Czech Republic. [Martin, Madhavi Z.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioSci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Kaiser, Jozef] Brno Univ Technol, Fac Mech Engn, Inst Engn Phys, Brno 61669, Czech Republic. RP Krajcarova, L (reprint author), Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Kotlarska 2, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic. EM kaiser@fme.vutbr.cz RI Kaiser, Jozef/D-6800-2012; Kizek, Rene/D-7748-2012; Adam, Vojtech/D-7686-2012; Prochazkova, Petra/O-6128-2016; Novotny, Karel/E-3048-2012; OI Kaiser, Jozef/0000-0002-7397-125X; Adam, Vojtech/0000-0002-8527-286X; Novotny, Karel/0000-0002-3319-2411; Martin, Madhavi/0000-0002-6677-2180 FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research program through the Consortium for Carbon Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems FX We acknowledge the support by the project "CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology" (CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0068) from European Regional Development Fund. This work was also supported by grants ME09015 and ME10061 of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic and by "Specific research" FSI-S-10-56, and FSI-S-11-22 of Brno University of Technology. Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research program through the Consortium for Carbon Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the DOE under Contract DEAC05-00OR22725. We would like to acknowledge the help of K. Prochazkova in preparation of the manuscript. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 31 PU ESG PI BELGRADE PA BORIVOJA STEVANOVICA 25-7, BELGRADE, 11000, SERBIA SN 1452-3981 J9 INT J ELECTROCHEM SC JI Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 8 IS 4 BP 4485 EP 4504 PG 20 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 134NJ UT WOS:000318217200010 ER PT J AU Albacete, JL Armesto, N Baier, R Barnafoldi, GG Barrette, J De, S Deng, WT Dumitru, A Dusling, K Eskola, KJ Fries, R Fujii, H Gelis, F Gyulassy, M He, YC Helenius, I Kang, ZB Kopeliovich, BZ Kutak, K Levai, P Lin, ZW Mueller, AH Nara, Y Nemchik, J Papp, G Petrovici, M Qiu, JW Rezaeian, AH Ru, P Schiff, D Sapeta, S Pop, VT Tribedy, P Venugopalan, R Vitev, I Vogt, R Wang, EK Wang, XN Xing, HX Xu, R Zhang, BW Zhang, WN AF Albacete, Javier L. Armesto, Nestor Baier, Rudolf Barnafoeldi, Gergely G. Barrette, Jean De, Somnath Deng, Wei-Tian Dumitru, Adrian Dusling, Kevin Eskola, Kari J. Fries, Rainer Fujii, Hirotsugu Gelis, Francois Gyulassy, Miklos He, Yuncun Helenius, Ilkka Kang, Zhong-Bo Kopeliovich, Boris Z. Kutak, Krzysztof Levai, Peter Lin, Zi-Wei Mueller, Alfred H. Nara, Yasushi Nemchik, Jan Papp, Gabor Petrovici, Mihai Qiu, Jian-Wei Rezaeian, Amir H. Ru, Peng Schiff, Dominique Sapeta, Sebastian Pop, Vasile Topor Tribedy, Prithwish Venugopalan, Raju Vitev, Ivan Vogt, Ramona Wang, Enke Wang, Xin-Nian Xing, Hongxi Xu, Rong Zhang, Ben-Wei Zhang, Wei-Ning TI PREDICTIONS FOR p plus Pb COLLISIONS AT root s(NN)=5 TeV SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE Perturbative QCD; hard probes of heavy-ion collisions ID COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; JET CROSS-SECTIONS; TO-LEADING-ORDER; GLUON DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; LARGE TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM; HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; LUND MONTE-CARLO; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HADRON-PRODUCTION; SMALL-X AB Predictions for charged hadron, identified light hadron, quarkonium, photon, jet and gauge bosons in p + Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 5 TeV are compiled and compared. When test run data are available, they are compared to the model predictions. C1 [Albacete, Javier L.] Univ Paris 11, IPNO, IN2P3, CNRS, F-91406 Orsay, France. [Armesto, Nestor] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Fis Particulas, Santiago De Compostela 15706, Galicia, Spain. [Armesto, Nestor] Univ Santiago de Compostela, IGFAE, Santiago De Compostela 15706, Galicia, Spain. [Baier, Rudolf] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. [Barnafoeldi, Gergely G.; Gyulassy, Miklos; Levai, Peter] Hungarian Acad Sci, Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. [Barrette, Jean; Pop, Vasile Topor] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [De, Somnath; Tribedy, Prithwish] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. [Deng, Wei-Tian] KEK, IPNS, Ctr Theory, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Dumitru, Adrian] CUNY, Baruch Coll, Dept Nat Sci, New York, NY 10010 USA. [Dumitru, Adrian] Brookhaven Natl Lab, BNL Res Ctr, RIKEN, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dusling, Kevin] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Eskola, Kari J.; Helenius, Ilkka] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Eskola, Kari J.; Helenius, Ilkka] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Fries, Rainer] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Cyclotron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fries, Rainer] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fujii, Hirotsugu] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys, Komaba, Tokyo 1538902, Japan. [Gelis, Francois] CEA, Inst Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Gyulassy, Miklos; Mueller, Alfred H.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [He, Yuncun; Wang, Enke; Wang, Xin-Nian; Xing, Hongxi; Xu, Rong; Zhang, Ben-Wei] Cent China Normal Univ, Key Lab Quark & Lepton Phys MOE, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [He, Yuncun; Wang, Enke; Wang, Xin-Nian; Xing, Hongxi; Xu, Rong; Zhang, Ben-Wei] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Particle Phys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China. [Kang, Zhong-Bo; Vitev, Ivan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kopeliovich, Boris Z.; Rezaeian, Amir H.] Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Dept Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. [Kutak, Krzysztof] Inst Fizyki Jadrowej Im Henryka Niewodniczanski, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Lin, Zi-Wei] E Carolina Univ, Dept Phys, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Nara, Yasushi] Akita Int Univ, Akita 0101292, Japan. [Nemchik, Jan] Czech Tech Univ, FNSPE, Prague 11519, Czech Republic. [Papp, Gabor] Eotvos Lorand Univ, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. [Petrovici, Mihai] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, R-077125 Bucharest, Romania. [Qiu, Jian-Wei; Venugopalan, Raju] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Qiu, Jian-Wei] SUNY Stony Brook, CN Yang Inst Theoret Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ru, Peng; Zhang, Wei-Ning] Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Phys & Optoelect Technol, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China. [Ru, Peng; Xing, Hongxi] Univ Sci & Technol China, Interdisciplinary Ctr Theoret Study, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Ru, Peng; Xing, Hongxi] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Anhua 230026, Peoples R China. [Schiff, Dominique] Univ Paris 11, LPT, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Sapeta, Sebastian] Univ Durham, Inst Particle Phys Phenomenol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Vogt, Ramona] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Vogt, Ramona] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wang, Xin-Nian; Zhang, Ben-Wei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Wei-Ning] Harbin Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Harbin 150006, Peoples R China. RP Albacete, JL (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, IPNO, IN2P3, CNRS, F-91406 Orsay, France. EM vogt@physics.ucdavis.edu RI Barnafoldi, Gergely Gabor/L-3486-2013; Levai, Peter/A-1544-2014; Kang, Zhongbo/P-3645-2014; Lopez Albacete, Javier/D-9272-2016; Zhang, Baohong/O-4948-2016; Armesto, Nestor/C-4341-2017 OI Lopez Albacete, Javier/0000-0001-8345-6123; Armesto, Nestor/0000-0003-0940-0783 FU Theorie LHC France initiative; European Research Council [HotLHC ERC-2001-StG-279579]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of Spain [FPA2008-01177, FPA2009-06867-E, CPAN CSD2007-00042]; Xunta de Galicia grant [PGIDIT10PXIB 206017PR]; FEDER; Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Hungarian grants OTKA [PD73596, NK77816, NK106119, NIH TET_10-1_2011-0061, ZA-15/2009]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Department of Atomic Energy of India; DOE Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02-09ER41620]; City University of New York through the PSC-CUNY Research Award Program [65041-0043]; US Department of Energy under DOE [DE-FG02-03ER41260, DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Academy of Finland [133005]; NSF [PHY-0847538]; JET Collaboration; DOE [DE-FG02-10ER41682]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche [11-BS04-015-01]; Division of Nuclear Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098, DE-FG02-93ER-40764]; Magnus Ehrnrooth Foundation; Fondecyt (Chile) grant [1090291, 1110781]; Foundation for Polish Science [Homing Plus/2010-2/6]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-92ER-40699]; Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic [VZ MSMT 6840770039, LA 08015]; Romanian Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS-UEFIS-CDI project [PN-II-ID-2011-3-0368]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11221504]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; LDRD program at LANL; [IN2P3]; [22340064] FX The research of J. L. Albacete is supported by a fellowship from the Theorie LHC France initiative funded by the IN2P3. The work of N. Armesto was supported by the European Research Council grant HotLHC ERC-2001-StG-279579; by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of Spain grants FPA2008-01177, FPA2009-06867-E and Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CPAN CSD2007-00042; by Xunta de Galicia grant PGIDIT10PXIB 206017PR; and by FEDER. G. G. Barnafoldi was partially supported by the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. G. G. Barnafoldi, M. Gyulassy and P. Levai also acknowledge Hungarian grants OTKA PD73596, NK77816, NK106119, NIH TET_10-1_2011-0061 and ZA-15/2009. J. Barrette and V. Topor Pop are supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. S. De is grateful to the Department of Atomic Energy of India for financial support. A. Dumitru is supported by the DOE Office of Nuclear Physics through Grant No. DE-FG02-09ER41620 and by The City University of New York through the PSC-CUNY Research Award Program, grant 65041-0043. K. Dusling is supported by the US Department of Energy under DOE Contract No. DE-FG02-03ER41260. K. J. Eskola is supported by the Academy of Finland, Project 133005. R. J. Fries would like to acknowledge support by NSF CAREER Award PHY-0847538 and by the JET Collaboration and DOE grant DE-FG02-10ER41682. H. Fujii and Y. Nara are supported in part by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) 22340064. F. Gelis is supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche project 11-BS04-015-01. M. Gyulassy is supported by the Division of Nuclear Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098 and DE-FG02-93ER-40764 (associated with the JET Topical Collaboration Project). I. Helenius is supported by the Magnus Ehrnrooth Foundation. The work of B. Z. Kopeliovich was partially supported by Fondecyt (Chile) grant No. 1090291. The work of K. Kutak and S. Sapeta was partially supported by the Foundation for Polish Science with the grant Homing Plus/2010-2/6. The work of A. H. Mueller is supported in part by the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-FG02-92ER-40699. The work of J. Nemchik was supported by grants VZ MSMT 6840770039 and LA 08015 (Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic). M. Petrovici is supported by the Romanian Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS-UEFIS-CDI project number PN-II-ID-2011-3-0368. The work of A. H. Rezaeian was partially supported by Fondecyt (Chile) grant No. 1110781. R. Venugopalan was supported by US Department of Energy under DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. The work of R. Vogt was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and within the framework of the JET Collaboration. The work of X.-N. Wang was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 11221504, and within the framework of the JET Collaboration. I. Vitev is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 and by the LDRD program at LANL. NR 190 TC 101 Z9 101 U1 1 U2 28 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0218-3013 EI 1793-6608 J9 INT J MOD PHYS E JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. E-Nucl. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 22 IS 4 AR 1330007 DI 10.1142/S0218301313300075 PG 82 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 135QN UT WOS:000318303700001 ER PT J AU Amano, T Shirode, K Muramatsu, Y Gullikson, EM AF Amano, Taiji Shirode, Kensuke Muramatsu, Yasuji Gullikson, Eric M. TI Quantitative and Fingerprint Analysis Method of Nitrogen in Graphitic Carbon Materials Using Total-Electron-Yield Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ALPHA CLUSTER CALCULATIONS; ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; FILMS; EXCITATION; EMISSION AB To evaluate nitrogen in graphitic carbon materials, we propose a simple quantitative and fingerprint analysis method, which measures the total electron yield X-ray absorption spectra (TEY-XAS) of aromatic compounds possessing typical nitrogenated functional groups as standard samples, and fingerprint analysis is performed using the X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) in the N K and C K regions. The relationship between the atomic ratio of nitrogen to carbon (N/C) and the X-ray absorption intensity ratio of N K edge to C K edge (N K sigma*/C K sigma*) of standard samples yields a working curve to quantitatively analyze nitrogen. The successful application to carbon nitride films demonstrates that the proposed method is capable of quantitative and fingerprint analysis. (C) 2013 The Japan Society of Applied Physics C1 [Amano, Taiji; Shirode, Kensuke; Muramatsu, Yasuji] Univ Hyogo, Grad Sch Engn, Himeji, Hyogo 6712201, Japan. [Gullikson, Eric M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr X Ray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Muramatsu, Y (reprint author), Univ Hyogo, Grad Sch Engn, Himeji, Hyogo 6712201, Japan. EM murama@eng.u-hyogo.ac.jp FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan [23360291] FX This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan under contract No. 23360291. The authors express their gratitude to Dr. T. Kamata, Dr. O. Niwa, and Dr. S. Hirono for their assistance in preparing the ECR-CN films. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 18 PU JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS PI TOKYO PA KUDAN-KITA BUILDING 5TH FLOOR, 1-12-3 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 52 IS 4 AR 041304 DI 10.7567/JJAP.52.041304 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 120RK UT WOS:000317189300014 ER PT J AU Bhaskaran-Nair, K Ma, WJ Krishnamoorthy, S Villa, O van Dam, HJJ Apra, E Kowalski, K AF Bhaskaran-Nair, Kiran Ma, Wenjing Krishnamoorthy, Sriram Villa, Oreste van Dam, Hubertus J. J. Apra, Edoardo Kowalski, Karol TI Noniterative Multireference Coupled Cluster Methods on Heterogeneous CPU-GPU Systems SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article ID GRAPHICAL PROCESSING UNITS; 2-ELECTRON INTEGRAL EVALUATION; QUANTUM-CHEMISTRY CALCULATIONS; EXCITED ELECTRONIC STATES; THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; BRILLOUIN-WIGNER; SINGLET FISSION; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; PERTURBATION-THEORY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS AB A novel parallel algorithm for noniterative multireference coupled cluster (MRCC) theories, which merges recently introduced reference-level parallelism (RLP) [Bhaskaran-Nair, K.; Brabec, J.; Apra, E.; van Dam, H. J. J.; Pittner, J.; Kowalski, K. J. Chem. Phys. 2012, 137, 094112] with the possibility of accelerating numerical calculations using graphics processing units (GPUs) is presented. We discuss the performance of this approach applied to the MRCCSD(T) method (iterative singles and doubles and perturbative triples), where the corrections due to triples are added to the diagonal elements of the MRCCSD effective Hamiltonian matrix. The performance of the combined RLP/GPU algorithm is illustrated on the example of the Brillouin-Wigner (BW) and Mukherjee (Mk) state-specific MRCCSD(T) formulations. C1 [Bhaskaran-Nair, Kiran; Ma, Wenjing; Krishnamoorthy, Sriram; Villa, Oreste; van Dam, Hubertus J. J.; Apra, Edoardo; Kowalski, Karol] Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Kowalski, K (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, K8-91,POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM karol.kowalski@pnnl.gov RI Apra, Edoardo/F-2135-2010; OI Apra, Edoardo/0000-0001-5955-0734; van Dam, Hubertus Johannes Jacobus/0000-0002-0876-3294 FU Extreme Scale Computing Initiative, a Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC06.76RLO-1830]; ASCR Leadership Computing Challenge (ALCC) award at Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility FX This work has been supported by the Extreme Scale Computing Initiative (K.B.-N., S.K., O.V., H.J.J.v.D., K.K.), a Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. A large portion of the research was performed using PNNL Institutional Computing at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC06.76RLO-1830. Large-scale BW-MRCCSD calculations have been performed using a 2012 ASCR Leadership Computing Challenge (ALCC) award (K.B.-N., S.K, E.A., K.K.) allocation at Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF). NR 82 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1549-9618 J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT JI J. Chem. Theory Comput. PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 BP 1949 EP 1957 DI 10.1021/ct301130u PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 124BF UT WOS:000317438100009 PM 26583545 ER PT J AU Levitan, D Kupfer, T Groot, PJ Kulkarni, SR Prince, TA Simonian, GV Arcavi, I Bloom, JS Laher, R Nugent, PE Ofek, EO Sesar, B Surace, J AF Levitan, David Kupfer, Thomas Groot, Paul J. Kulkarni, Shrinivas R. Prince, Thomas A. Simonian, Gregory V. Arcavi, Iair Bloom, Joshua S. Laher, Russ Nugent, Peter E. Ofek, Eran O. Sesar, Branimir Surace, Jason TI Five new outbursting AM CVn systems discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; binaries: close; stars: individual: PTF1 J043517.73+002940.7; stars: individual: PTF1 J094329.59+102957.6; novae, cataclysmic variables; white dwarfs ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTROMETER; CANUM-VENATICORUM BINARIES; ORBITAL PERIOD; X-RAY; STARS; CANDIDATES; TELESCOPE; SPECTROSCOPY; POPULATION AB We present five new outbursting AM CVn systems and one candidate discovered as part of an ongoing search for such systems using the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF). This is the first large-area, systematic search for AM CVn systems using only large-amplitude photometric variability to select candidates. Three of the confirmed systems and the candidate system were discovered as part of the PTF transient search. Two systems were found as part of a search for outbursts through the PTF photometric data base. We discuss the observed characteristics of each of these systems, including the orbital periods of two systems. We also consider the position of these systems, selected in a colour-independent survey, in colour-colour space and compare to systems selected solely by their colours. We find that the colours of our newly discovered systems do not differ significantly from those of previously known systems, but significant errors preclude a definitive answer. C1 [Levitan, David; Groot, Paul J.; Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.; Prince, Thomas A.; Simonian, Gregory V.; Sesar, Branimir] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Kupfer, Thomas; Groot, Paul J.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Arcavi, Iair; Ofek, Eran O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Bloom, Joshua S.; Nugent, Peter E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Laher, Russ; Surace, Jason] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Nugent, Peter E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Levitan, D (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM dlevitan@caltech.edu RI Groot, Paul/K-4391-2016 OI Groot, Paul/0000-0002-4488-726X FU NSF [1066293]; California Institute of Technology; Columbia University; Las Cumbres Observatory; the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; University of Oxford and the Weizmann Institute of Science; W. M. Keck Foundation; University of Copenhagen; NOTSA FX We thank Sagi Ben-Ami, Yi Cao, Brad Cenko, Avishay Gal-Yam, Assaf Horesh, Mansi Kasliwal, Thomas Matheson, Kunal Mooley and Robert Quimby for help in obtaining observations and reducing data. We thank Kevin Rykoski and Carolyn Heffner at the Palomar Observatory for developing the fast cadence mode on the LFC instrument. Part of this work was performed by TAP while at the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by NSF Grant #1066293. PJG thanks the California Institute of Technology for its hospitality during his sabbatical stay.; Observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Palomar Transient Factory project, a scientific collaboration between the California Institute of Technology, Columbia University, Las Cumbres Observatory, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the University of Oxford and the Weizmann Institute of Science. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. Based in part on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated on the island of La Palma jointly by Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. The data presented here were obtained in part with ALFOSC, which is provided by the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA) under a joint agreement with the University of Copenhagen and NOTSA. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. NR 50 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 430 IS 2 BP 996 EP 1007 DI 10.1093/mnras/sts672 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 135FY UT WOS:000318275000021 ER PT J AU Silverman, JM Ganeshalingam, M Filippenko, AV AF Silverman, Jeffrey M. Ganeshalingam, Mohan Filippenko, Alexei V. TI Berkeley Supernova Ia Program - V. Late-time spectra of Type Ia Supernovae SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; techniques: spectroscopic; supernovae: general ID NEAR-INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; DARK-ENERGY CONSTRAINTS; LIGHT CURVES; WHITE-DWARF; EXPLOSION ASYMMETRY; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDES; MAXIMUM BRIGHTNESS; IMPROVED DISTANCES; NEBULAR SPECTRA; LEGACY SURVEY AB In this work, we analyse late-time (t > 100 d) optical spectra of low-redshift (z < 0.1) Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) which come mostly from the Berkeley Supernova Ia Program (BSNIP) data set. We also present spectra of SN 2011 by for the first time. The BSNIP sample studied consists of 34 SNe Ia with 60 nebular spectra, to which we add nebular spectral feature measurements of 20 SNe Ia from previously published work (Maeda et al. and Blondin et al.), representing the largest set of late-time SN Ia spectra ever analysed. The full width at half-maximum intensity and velocities of the [Fe III] lambda 4701, [Fe II] lambda 7155 and [Ni II] lambda 7378 emission features are measured in most observations of spectroscopically normal objects where the data have signal-to-noise ratios greater than or similar to 20 pixel(-1) and are older than 160 d past maximum brightness. The velocities of all three features are seen to be relatively constant with time, increasing only a few to similar to 20 km s(-1) d(-1). The nebular velocity (upsilon(neb), calculated by taking the average of the [Fe II] lambda 7155 and [Ni II] lambda 7378 velocities) is correlated with the near-maximum-brightness velocity gradient and early-time ejecta velocity. Nearly all high velocity gradient objects have redshifted nebular lines while most low velocity gradient objects have blueshifted nebular lines. No correlation is found between upsilon(neb) and Delta m(15)(B), and for a given light-curve shape there is a large range of observed nebular velocities. The data also indicate a correlation between observed (B - V)(max) and upsilon(neb). C1 [Silverman, Jeffrey M.; Ganeshalingam, Mohan; Filippenko, Alexei V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Silverman, Jeffrey M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ganeshalingam, Mohan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Silverman, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jsilverman@astro.as.utexas.edu FU W. M. Keck Foundation; NSF [AST-0908886, AST-1211916]; DOE [DE-FC02-06ER41453 (SciDAC), DE-FG02-08ER41563]; TABASGO Foundation; Christopher R. Redlich Fund; Marc J. Staley for a Graduate Fellowship FX We would like to thank G. Canalizo, S. B. Cenko, K. Clubb, M. Cooper, A. Diamond-Stanic, E. Gates, K. Hiner, M. Kandrashoff, M. Lazarova, A. Miller, P. Nugent and the overall LAMP collaboration (Barth et al. 2011) for their help with the observations of SN 2011 by. R. J. Foley and S. W. Jha discussed earlier drafts of this work with us, and the anonymous referee provided comments and suggestions that improved the manuscript. We are grateful to the staff at the Lick and Keck Observatories for their support. Some of the data utilized herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and NASA; the observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. We wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community; we are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. This work is supported by NSF grants AST-0908886 and AST-1211916, DOE grants DE-FC02-06ER41453 (SciDAC) and DE-FG02-08ER41563, the TABASGO Foundation and the Christopher R. Redlich Fund. JMS is grateful to Marc J. Staley for a Graduate Fellowship. KAIT and its ongoing operation were made possible by donations from Sun Microsystems, Inc., the Hewlett-Packard Company, AutoScope Corporation, Lick Observatory, the NSF, the University of California, the Sylvia & Jim Katzman Foundation and the TABASGO Foundation. We dedicate this paper to Wallace L. W. Sargent (deceased 2012 October 29); the discovery of SN 1985F by Filippenko & Sargent (1985) sparked AVF's intense interest in supernovae and dramatically affected his career. NR 72 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 430 IS 2 BP 1030 EP 1041 DI 10.1093/mnras/sts674 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 135FY UT WOS:000318275000024 ER PT J AU Myint, PC Firoozabadi, A AF Myint, Philip C. Firoozabadi, Abbas TI Onset of buoyancy-driven convection in Cartesian and cylindrical geometries SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID SATURATED POROUS LAYER; 3-DIMENSIONAL NATURAL-CONVECTION; LONG-TERM STORAGE; BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; THERMAL-CONVECTION; CO2 SEQUESTRATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FLUID LAYER; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; HORIZONTAL ANNULUS AB We perform a linear stability analysis to examine the onset of buoyancy-driven convection relevant to subsurface carbon dioxide sequestration in confined, porous Cartesian and cylindrical domains. Our work amends the analysis in an earlier study on cylindrical geometries. We consider Cartesian geometries where the aspect ratio between the two horizontal dimensions is not necessarily equal to one. Two key elements of the stability analysis are: (1) the critical time and (2) the critical wavenumber. Lateral boundaries have a much greater influence on the critical wavenumber than on the critical time. The confinement due to these boundaries impedes the onset of convection to the extent that convection cannot even occur in domains that are smaller than a certain size. Large aspect ratios can significantly reduce boundary effects. Patterns of the earliest-growing perturbation mode in the horizontal plane reveal many interesting dynamics which have not been examined in previous stability analyses. We illustrate several differences between patterns in Cartesian geometries and patterns in cylindrical geometries. Based on observations from earlier papers, we hypothesize that the contrasts between the Cartesian and cylindrical patterns may lead to significantly different behavior in the two geometries after the onset of convection. Our results may guide future numerical studies that can investigate this hypothesis and may help with understanding the onset of buoyancy-driven convection in real systems where lateral boundary effects are significant. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4801930] C1 [Myint, Philip C.; Firoozabadi, Abbas] Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Myint, Philip C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Firoozabadi, Abbas] Reservoir Engn Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94301 USA. RP Myint, PC (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, 9 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM philip.myint@yale.edu; abbas.firoozabadi@yale.edu OI Myint, Philip/0000-0003-4383-5350 FU Reservoir Engineering Research Institute FX Financial support for this work has been provided by the member companies of the Reservoir Engineering Research Institute. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 EI 1089-7666 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD APR PY 2013 VL 25 IS 4 AR 044105 DI 10.1063/1.4801930 PG 22 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 134VF UT WOS:000318242800029 ER PT J AU Ristorcelli, JR Gowardhan, AA Grinstein, FF AF Ristorcelli, J. R. Gowardhan, A. A. Grinstein, F. F. TI Two classes of Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities: A detailed statistical look SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID HOMOGENEOUS ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE; INITIAL CONDITIONS; SIMULATION; RESHOCK; FLOWS; DEPENDENCE; GROWTH; FLUIDS; DECAY AB A single parameter numerical study of the evolution of the multimode planar Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI) in a shocked/reshocked (air-SF6, Atwood number A = 0.67) configuration with a Mach number Ma = 1.5 shock is carried out. Our results demonstrate that the initial material interface morphology (for fixed Ma, A) controls the RMI evolution characteristics. Our discussion focuses on the light-to-heavy configuration with initial A > 0 and heavy-to-light reshock. Depending on the rms slope of the initial interface, eta(o), there are two different instabilities: one with the classical RMI trends and another with trends suggesting a very different fluid physics which we study in detail. We use statistical metrics to demonstrate that the two different regimes are characterized by very different and self-consistent fluid physics. The response of the rate of mixing layer growth to increasing eta(o) is different and opposite in sign in each regime: in the high-eta(o) class of initial conditions, increasing eta(o) leads to a decrease in kinetic energy and mixing layer growth rate; and in the low-eta(o) class of flows, increasing eta(o) leads to an increase in kinetic energy and growth rate. The low eta(o) case corresponds to impulsive acceleration of an almost-flat thin interface, the classical small-perturbation RMI. The high-eta(o) regime corresponds to: (a) impulsive acceleration of a very rough initial interface, and (b) shock passage through a turbulent material interface. We additionally observe that this bipolar behavior of the turbulent field is not seen in the statistics of the material mixing field and this may invalidate closures that slave the mixing field to the turbulence. It appears that simple Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes moment closure models cannot currently predict both classes of RMI. We offer speculations on the similarity of instabilities and the possibility of using high-eta(o) first-shocked simulations to study reshock problems. Our article describes these two instabilities as a function of eta(o) for fixed A and Ma; we do not propose that eta(o) offers a complete parameterization of the general problem. C (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4802039] C1 [Ristorcelli, J. R.; Gowardhan, A. A.; Grinstein, F. F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ristorcelli, JR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy NNSA [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; LANL LDRD Project [20090058DR, 20100441ER] FX LANL is operated by the Los Alamos National Security, a private LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy NNSA under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. This work was made possible by funding from LANL LDRD Project No. 20090058DR on "Turbulence by Design," and Project No. 20100441ER on "LES Modeling for Predictive Simulations of Material Mixing." NR 42 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 EI 1089-7666 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD APR PY 2013 VL 25 IS 4 AR 044106 DI 10.1063/1.4802039 PG 24 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 134VF UT WOS:000318242800030 ER PT J AU Casey, DT Frenje, JA Johnson, MG Seguin, FH Li, CK Petrasso, RD Glebov, VY Katz, J Magoon, J Meyerhofer, DD Sangster, TC Shoup, M Ulreich, J Ashabranner, RC Bionta, RM Carpenter, AC Felker, B Khater, HY LePape, S MacKinnon, A McKernan, MA Moran, M Rygg, JR Yeoman, MF Zacharias, R Leeper, RJ Fletcher, K Farrell, M Jasion, D Kilkenny, J Paguio, R AF Casey, D. T. Frenje, J. A. Johnson, M. Gatu Seguin, F. H. Li, C. K. Petrasso, R. D. Glebov, V. Yu Katz, J. Magoon, J. Meyerhofer, D. D. Sangster, T. C. Shoup, M. Ulreich, J. Ashabranner, R. C. Bionta, R. M. Carpenter, A. C. Felker, B. Khater, H. Y. LePape, S. MacKinnon, A. McKernan, M. A. Moran, M. Rygg, J. R. Yeoman, M. F. Zacharias, R. Leeper, R. J. Fletcher, K. Farrell, M. Jasion, D. Kilkenny, J. Paguio, R. TI The magnetic recoil spectrometer for measurements of the absolute neutron spectrum at OMEGA and the NIF SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; DETECTORS; PLASMAS AB The neutron spectrum produced by deuterium-tritium (DT) inertial confinement fusion implosions contains a wealth of information about implosion performance including the DT yield, ion-temperature, and areal-density. The Magnetic Recoil Spectrometer (MRS) has been used at both the OMEGA laser facility and the National Ignition Facility (NIF) to measure the absolute neutron spectrum from 3 to 30 MeV at OMEGA and 3 to 36 MeV at the NIF. These measurements have been used to diagnose the performance of cryogenic target implosions to unprecedented accuracy. Interpretation of MRS data requires a detailed understanding of the MRS response and background. This paper describes ab initio characterization of the system involving Monte Carlo simulations of the MRS response in addition to the commission experiments for in situ calibration of the systems on OMEGA and the NIF. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4796042] C1 [Casey, D. T.; Frenje, J. A.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Seguin, F. H.; Li, C. K.; Petrasso, R. D.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Glebov, V. Yu; Katz, J.; Magoon, J.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Sangster, T. C.; Shoup, M.; Ulreich, J.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Ashabranner, R. C.; Bionta, R. M.; Carpenter, A. C.; Felker, B.; Khater, H. Y.; LePape, S.; MacKinnon, A.; McKernan, M. A.; Moran, M.; Rygg, J. R.; Yeoman, M. F.; Zacharias, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Leeper, R. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Fletcher, K.] SUNY Coll Geneseo, Geneseo, NY 14454 USA. [Farrell, M.; Jasion, D.; Kilkenny, J.; Paguio, R.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Casey, DT (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014 OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG52-09NA29553]; NLUF [NA0000877]; FSC [415023-G, 5-24431]; LLE [412160-001G]; LLNL [B580243]; LLNL under DOE [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors thank the OMEGA and NIF operations and engineering staff who supported this work. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-FG52-09NA29553, NLUF (NA0000877), FSC (Rochester Subaward PO No. 415023-G, UR Account No. 5-24431), LLE (412160-001G), and LLNL (B580243) and by LLNL under DOE Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2013 VL 84 IS 4 AR 043506 DI 10.1063/1.4796042 PG 19 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 134UQ UT WOS:000318240900022 PM 23635195 ER PT J AU Domonkos, MT Amdahl, D Camacho, JF Coffey, SK Degnan, JH Delaney, R Frese, M Gale, D Grabowski, TC Gribble, R Intrator, TP McCullough, J Montano, N Robinson, PR Wurden, G AF Domonkos, M. T. Amdahl, D. Camacho, J. F. Coffey, S. K. Degnan, J. H. Delaney, R. Frese, M. Gale, D. Grabowski, T. C. Gribble, R. Intrator, T. P. McCullough, J. Montano, N. Robinson, P. R. Wurden, G. TI Applied magnetic field design for the field reversed configuration compression heating experiment SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID FRX-L; LINER; FUSION; PLASMA AB Detailed calculations of the formation, guide, and mirror applied magnetic fields in the FRC compression-heating experiment (FRCHX) were conducted using a commercially available generalized finite element solver, COMSOL Multiphysics (R). In FRCHX, an applied magnetic field forms, translates, and finally captures the FRC in the liner region sufficiently long to enable compression. Large single turn coils generate the fast magnetic fields necessary for FRC formation. Solenoidal coils produce the magnetic field for translation and capture of the FRC prior to liner implosion. Due to the limited FRC lifetime, liner implosion is initiated before the FRC is injected, and the magnetic flux that diffuses into the liner is compressed. Two-dimensional axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic simulations using MACH2 were used to specify optimal magnetic field characteristics, and this paper describes the simulations conducted to design magnetic field coils and compression hardware for FRCHX. This paper presents the vacuum solution for the magnetic field. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4801952] C1 [Domonkos, M. T.; Amdahl, D.; Degnan, J. H.; Delaney, R.; Grabowski, T. C.; Robinson, P. R.] USAF, Directed Energy Directorate, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. [Camacho, J. F.; Coffey, S. K.; Frese, M.] NumerEx LLC, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Gale, D.; McCullough, J.; Montano, N.] SAIC, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Gribble, R.; Intrator, T. P.; Wurden, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Domonkos, MT (reprint author), USAF, Directed Energy Directorate, Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117 USA. EM AFRL/RDHPWorkflowOrgMailbox@kirtland.af.mil RI Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017 OI Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences FX This work is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fusion Energy Sciences. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2013 VL 84 IS 4 AR 043507 DI 10.1063/1.4801952 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 134UQ UT WOS:000318240900023 PM 23635196 ER PT J AU Van Zeeland, MA Boivin, RL Brower, DL Carlstrom, TN Chavez, JA Ding, WX Feder, R Johnson, D Lin, L O'Neill, RC Watts, C AF Van Zeeland, M. A. Boivin, R. L. Brower, D. L. Carlstrom, T. N. Chavez, J. A. Ding, W. X. Feder, R. Johnson, D. Lin, L. O'Neill, R. C. Watts, C. TI Conceptual design of the tangentially viewing combined interferometer-polarimeter for ITER density measurements SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID ALFVEN EIGENMODE OBSERVATIONS; REVERSED-FIELD PINCH; LARGE HELICAL DEVICE; ALCATOR-C-MOD; FARADAY-ROTATION; ELECTRON-DENSITY; DIII-D; 1ST MEASUREMENT; TOKAMAK PLASMA; SYSTEM AB One of the systems planned for the measurement of electron density in ITER is a multi-channel tangentially viewing combined interferometer-polarimeter (TIP). This work discusses the current status of the design, including a preliminary optical table layout, calibration options, error sources, and performance projections based on a CO2/CO laser system. In the current design, two-color interferometry is carried out at 10.59 mu m and 5.42 mu m and a separate polarimetry measurement of the plasma induced Faraday effect, utilizing the rotating wave technique, is made at 10.59 mu m. The inclusion of polarimetry provides an independent measure of the electron density and can also be used to correct the conventional two-color interferometer for fringe skips at all densities, up to and beyond the Greenwald limit. The system features five chords with independent first mirrors to reduce risks associated with deposition, erosion, etc., and a common first wall hole to minimize penetration sizes. Simulations of performance for a projected ITER baseline discharge show the diagnostic will function as well as, or better than, comparable existing systems for feedback density control. Calculations also show that finite temperature effects will be significant in ITER even for moderate temperature plasmas and can lead to a significant underestimate of electron density. A secondary role TIP will fulfill is that of a density fluctuation diagnostic; using a toroidal Alfven eigenmode as an example, simulations show TIP will be extremely robust in this capacity and potentially able to resolve coherent mode fluctuations with perturbed densities as low as delta n/n approximate to 10(-5). (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4798602] C1 [Van Zeeland, M. A.; Boivin, R. L.; Carlstrom, T. N.; Chavez, J. A.; O'Neill, R. C.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Brower, D. L.; Ding, W. X.; Lin, L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Feder, R.; Johnson, D.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Watts, C.] ITER Org, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France. RP Van Zeeland, MA (reprint author), Gen Atom Co, POB 85608, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM vanzeeland@fusion.gat.com RI Lin, Liang/H-2255-2011 FU General Atomics IRD funds; U. S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER54984, DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX This work was supported in part by the General Atomics IR&D funds and the U. S. Department of Energy under DE-FG02-08ER54984 and DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2013 VL 84 IS 4 AR 043501 DI 10.1063/1.4798602 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 134UQ UT WOS:000318240900017 PM 23635190 ER PT J AU Smerdon, JA Rankin, RB Greeley, JP Guisinger, NP Guest, JR AF Smerdon, Joseph A. Rankin, Rees B. Greeley, Jeffrey P. Guisinger, Nathan P. Guest, Jeffrey R. TI Chiral "Pinwheel" Heterojunctions Self-Assembled from C-60 and Pentacene SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE pentacene; carbon-60; scanning tunneling microscopy; chirality; pinwheel ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ACHIRAL MOLECULES; SYMMETRY BREAKING; SURFACE CHIRALITY; METAL-SURFACES AB We demonstrate the self-assembly of C-60 and pentacene (Pn) molecules into acceptor-donor heterostructures which are well-ordered and-despite the high degree of symmetry of the constituent molecules-chiral. Pn was deposited on Cu(111) to monolayer coverage, producing the random-tiling (R) phase as previously described. Atop R-phase Pn, postdeposited C-60 molecules cause rearrangement of the Pn molecules into domains based on chiral supramolecular "pinwheels". These two molecules are the highest-symmetry achiral molecules so far observed to coalesce into chiral heterostructures. Also, the chiral pinwheels (composed of 1 C-60 and 6 Pn each) may share Pn molecules in different ways to produce structures with different lattice parameters and degree of chirality. High-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy results and knowledge of adsorption sites allow the determination of these structures to a high degree of confidence. The measurement of chiral angles identical to those predicted is a further demonstration of the accuracy of the models. van der Waals density functional theory calculations reveal that the Pn molecules around each C-60 are torsionally flexed around their long molecular axes and that there is charge transfer from C-60 to Pn in each pinwheel. C1 [Smerdon, Joseph A.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Rankin, Rees B.; Greeley, Jeffrey P.; Guisinger, Nathan P.; Guest, Jeffrey R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Guest, JR (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jrguest@anl.gov RI Guest, Jeffrey/B-2715-2009 OI Guest, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9756-8801 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-09ER16109, DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE Early Career Award through the DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under "SISGR" Contract No. DE-FG02-09ER16109. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. J.P.G. acknowledges a DOE Early Career Award through the DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The authors would like to acknowledge the technical assistance of B. Fisher, useful comments from E. Yitamben, L Gao, and N. Giebink, and useful discussions with S.-W. Hla and M. Bode. NR 71 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 91 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 3086 EP 3094 DI 10.1021/nn304992c PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 133MU UT WOS:000318143300022 PM 23488794 ER PT J AU Jawaid, AM Chattopadhyay, S Wink, DJ Page, LE Snee, PT AF Jawaid, Ali M. Chattopadhyay, Soma Wink, Donald J. Page, Leah E. Snee, Preston T. TI Cluster-Seeded Synthesis of Doped CdSe:Cu-4 Quantum Dots SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE nanocrystals; quantum dots; cadmium selenide nanocrystals; doping; copper ID DOPING SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-SPECTRA; ZNSE NANOCRYSTALS; CRYSTAL; EMITTERS; IFEFFIT AB We report here a method for synthesizing CdSe quantum dots (QDs) containing copper such that each QD is doped with four copper ions. The synthesis is a derivative of the cluster-seed method, whereby organometallic clusters act as nucleation centers for quantum dots. The method is tolerant of the chemical identity of the seed; as such, we have doped four copper ions into CdSe QDs using [(Na(H2O)(3)](2)[Cu-4(SPh)(6)] as a cluster seed. The controlled doping allows us to monitor the photophysical properties of guest ions with X-ray spectroscopy, specifically XANES and EXAFS at the copper K-edge. These data reveal that copper can capture both electrons and holes from photoexcited CdSe QDs. When the dopant is oxidized, photoluminescence is quenched and the copper ions translocate within the CdSe matrix, which slows the return to an emissive state. C1 [Jawaid, Ali M.; Wink, Donald J.; Page, Leah E.; Snee, Preston T.] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Chattopadhyay, Soma] Argonne Natl Lab, MRCAT, CSRRI IIT, Sect 10, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chattopadhyay, Soma] IIT, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. RP Snee, PT (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, 845 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM sneep@uic.edu RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011 FU American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund [50859-ND10]; Department of Energy; MRCAT member institutions; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-ACO2-06CH11357] FX We would like to thank Carlo Segre, Jeffery Miller, Tomohiro Shibata, Vladislav Zyryanov, and Shelly Kelly for assistance with X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements made at Argonne National Laboratory as well as analyses of the data. We also thank Luke Hanley, Randall Meyer, and Michael Trenary of UK for helpful discussions. Support for this research was provided by the UIC and the UIC Chancellor's Discovery Fund. Acknowledgment is made to the Donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (50859-ND10) for partial support of this research. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. The use of the Advanced Photon Source at ANL was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-ACO2-06CH11357. NR 28 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 106 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 3190 EP 3197 DI 10.1021/nn305697q PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 133MU UT WOS:000318143300033 PM 23441602 ER PT J AU Bae, WK Padilha, LA Park, YS McDaniel, H Robel, I Pietryga, JM Klimov, VI AF Bae, Wan Ki Padilha, Lazaro A. Park, Young-Shin McDaniel, Hunter Robel, Istvan Pietryga, Jeffrey M. Klimov, Victor I. TI Controlled Alloying of the Core-Shell Interface in CdSe/CdS Quantum Dots for Suppression of Auger Recombination SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE nanocrystal; quantum dot; core/shell; alloyed core/shell interface; CdSe/CdS; CdSe/CdSexS1-x/CdS; Auger recombination ID HOT-CARRIER TRANSFER; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; BLINKING; INTENSITY; DYNAMICS; VOLUME; YIELDS; LIGHT AB The influence of a CdSexS1-x interfacial alloyed layer on the photophysical properties of core/shell CdSe/CdS nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs) is investigated by comparing reference QDs with a sharp core/shell interface to alloyed structures with an intermediate CdSexS1-x, layer at the core/shell interface. To fully realize the structural contrast, we have developed two novel synthetic approaches: a method for fast CdS-shell growth, which results in an abrupt core/shell boundary (no intentional or unintentional alloying), and a method for depositing a CdSexS1-x alloy layer of controlled composition onto the CdSe core prior to the growth of the CdS shell. Both types of QDs possess similar size-dependent single-exciton properties (photoluminescence energy, quantum yield, and decay lifetime). However the alloyed QDs show a significantly longer biexciton lifetime and up to a 3-fold Increase in the biexciton emission efficiency compared to the reference samples. These results provide direct evidence that the structure of the QD interface has a significant effect on the rate of nonradiative Auger recombination, which dominates biexciton decay. We also observe that the energy gradient at the core-shell interface introduced by the alloyed layer accelerates hole trapping from the shell to the core states, which results in suppression of shell emission. This comparative study offers practical guidelines for controlling multicarrier Auger recombination without a significant effect on either spectral or dynamical properties of single excitons. The proposed strategy should be applicable to QDs of a variety of compositions (including, e.g., infrared-emitting QDs) and can benefit numerous applications from light emitting diodes and lasers to photodetectors and photovoltaics. C1 [Bae, Wan Ki; Padilha, Lazaro A.; Park, Young-Shin; McDaniel, Hunter; Robel, Istvan; Pietryga, Jeffrey M.; Klimov, Victor I.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Solar Photophys, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Pietryga, JM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Solar Photophys, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM pietryga@lanl.gov; klimov@lanl.gov RI Padilha, Lazaro/G-1523-2013; Robel, Istvan/D-4124-2011; OI Robel, Istvan/0000-0002-9738-7728; Park, Young-Shin/0000-0003-4204-1305; Klimov, Victor/0000-0003-1158-3179 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (BES) FX This work was performed within the Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences (BES). NR 37 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 14 U2 206 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 3411 EP 3419 DI 10.1021/nn4002825 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 133MU UT WOS:000318143300055 PM 23521208 ER PT J AU Liang, WT Yang, H Fan, FF Liu, Y Liu, XH Huang, JY Zhu, T Zhang, SL AF Liang, Wentao Yang, Hui Fan, Feifei Liu, Yang Liu, Xiao Hua Huang, Jian Yu Zhu, Ting Zhang, Sulin TI Tough Germanium Nanoparticles under Electrochemical Cycling SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE lithium-ion battery; fracture; anisotropic lithiation strain; in situ transmission electron microscopy ID IN-SITU TEM; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; CRYSTALLINE SILICON; AMORPHOUS-SILICON; HIGH-CAPACITY; GE NANOWIRES; LITHIATION; ANODES; INSERTION AB Mechanical degradation of the electrode materials during electrochemical cycling remains a serious issue that critically limits the capacity retention and cyclability of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Here we report the highly reversible expansion and contraction of germanium nanoparticles under lithiation-delithiation cycling with in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). During multiple cycles to the full capacity, the germanium nanoparticles remained robust without any visible cracking despite similar to 260% volume changes, in contrast to the size-dependent fracture of silicon nanoparticles upon the first lithiation. The comparative in situ TEM study of fragile silicon nanoparticles suggests that the tough behavior of germanium nanoparticles can be attributed to the weak anisotropy of the lithiation strain at the reaction front. The tough germanium nanoparticles offer substantial potential for the development of durable, high-capacity, and high-rate anodes for advanced lithium-ion batteries. C1 [Liang, Wentao; Yang, Hui; Zhang, Sulin] Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Fan, Feifei; Zhu, Ting] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Liu, Yang; Liu, Xiao Hua; Huang, Jian Yu] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol CINT, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Zhu, T (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM ting.zhu@me.gatech.edu; suz10@psu.edu RI Liu, Yang/C-9576-2012; Zhu, Ting/A-2206-2009; Zhang, Sulin /E-6457-2010; Liu, Xiaohua/A-8752-2011; YANG, HUI/H-6996-2012; Liang, Wentao/J-8771-2015; OI Liu, Xiaohua/0000-0002-7300-7145; YANG, HUI/0000-0002-2628-4676; Fan, Feifei/0000-0003-0455-4900 FU NSF [CMMI-1100205, 1201058]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL); Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES), an Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DESC0001160]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The support by the NSF Grants CMMI-1100205 and 1201058 is greatly acknowledged. Portions of this work were supported by a Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and partly by Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES), an Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DESC0001160. The LDRD supported the development and fabrication of platforms. The NEES center supported the development of TEM techniques. CINT supported the TEM capability; in addition, this work represents the efforts of several CINT users, primarily those with affiliation external to Sandia National Laboratories. In addition, this work was performed, in part, at the Sandia-Los Alamos Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 36 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 9 U2 171 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 3427 EP 3433 DI 10.1021/nn400330h PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 133MU UT WOS:000318143300057 PM 23461784 ER PT J AU Guo, YJ Alvarado, SR Barclay, JD Vela, J AF Guo, Yijun Alvarado, Samuel R. Barclay, Joshua D. Vela, Javier TI Shape-Programmed Nanofabrication: Understanding the Reactivity of Dichalcogenide Precursors SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE dichalcogenide precursors; bond dissociation energies; anisotropic structures; morphology control; selective growth ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL METHODS; BOND-DISSOCIATION ENTHALPIES; SOLUTION-PHASE SYNTHESIS; GAUSSIAN-TYPE BASIS; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; SEEDED GROWTH; BASIS-SET; SELENIDE NANOCRYSTALS; CUINSE2 NANOCRYSTALS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES AB Dialkyl and diaryl dichalcogenides are highly versatile and modular precursors for the synthesis of colloidal chalcogenide nanocrystals. We have used a series of commercially available dichalcogenide precursors to unveil the molecular basis for the outcome of nanocrystal preparations, more specifically, how precursor molecular structure and reactivity affect the final shape and size of II-VI semiconductor nanocrystals. Dichalcogenide precursors used were diallyl, dibenzyl, di-tert-butyl, diisopropyl, diethyl, dimethyl, and diphenyl disulfides and diethyl, dimethyl, and diphenyl diselenides. We find that the presence of two distinctively reactive C-E and E-E bonds makes the chemistry of these precursors much richer and interesting than that of other conventional precursors such as the more common phosphine chalcogenides. Computational studies (DFT) reveal that the dissociation energy of carbon-chalcogen (C-E) bonds in dichalcogenide precursors (R-E-E-R, E = S or Se) increases in the order (R): diallyl < dibenzyl < di-tert-butyl < diisopropyl < diethyl < dimethyl < diphenyl. The dissociation energy of chalcogen-chalcogen (E-E) bonds remains relatively constant across the series. The only exceptions are diphenyl dichalcogenides, which have a much lower E-E bond dissociation energy. An increase in C-E bond dissociation energy results in a decrease in R-E-E-R precursor reactivity, leading to progressively slower nucleation and higher selectivity for anisotropic growth, all the way from dots to pods to tetrapods. Under identical experimental conditions, we obtain CdS and CdSe nanocrystals with spherical, elongated, or tetrapodal morphology by simply varying the identity and reactivity of the dichalcogenide precursor. Interestingly, we find that precursors with strong C-E and weak E-E bond dissociation energies such as Ph-S-S-Ph serve as a ready source of thiol radicals that appear to stabilize small CdE nuclei, facilitating anisotropic growth. These CdS and CdSe nanocrystals have been characterized using structural and spectroscopic methods. An intimate understanding of how molecular structure affects the chemical reactivity of molecular precursors enables highly predictable and reproducible synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals with specific sizes, shapes, and optoelectronic properties for customized applications. C1 [Guo, Yijun; Alvarado, Samuel R.; Barclay, Joshua D.; Vela, Javier] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Guo, Yijun; Alvarado, Samuel R.; Vela, Javier] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Vela, J (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM vela@iastate.edu RI Vela, Javier/I-4724-2014 OI Vela, Javier/0000-0001-5124-6893 FU Iowa State University; ISU's Graduate College FX J.V. thanks Iowa State University for startup funds. S.R.A. thanks ISU's Graduate College for a George Washington Carver Doctoral Fellowship. S.R.A. and J.V. thank Hua-Jun Fan, Jakoah Brgoch, Theresa Windus, and Mark Gordon for helpful discussions. NR 73 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 6 U2 74 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 3616 EP 3626 DI 10.1021/nn400596e PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 133MU UT WOS:000318143300078 PM 23517277 ER PT J AU Pevarnik, M Schiel, M Yoshimatsu, K Vlassiouk, IV Kwon, JS Shea, KJ Siwy, ZS AF Pevarnik, Matthew Schiel, Matthew Yoshimatsu, Keiichi Vlassiouk, Ivan V. Kwon, Jasmine S. Shea, Kenneth J. Siwy, Zuzanna S. TI Particle Deformation and Concentration Polarization in Electroosmotic Transport of Hydrogels through Pores SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE resistive-pulse technique; hydrogels; pore; deformation ID RESISTIVE-PULSE TECHNIQUE; SUBMICRON PARTICLES; MEMBRANE; DNA; TRANSLOCATION; NANOPORE; SELECTIVITY; CLEARANCE; MOLECULES; MICROGELS AB In this article, we report detection of deformable, hydrogel particles by the resistive-pulse technique using single pores in a polymer film. The hydrogels pass through the pores by electroosmosis and cause formation of a characteristic shape of resistive pulses indicating the particles underwent dehydration and deformation. These effects were explained via a non-homogeneous pressure distribution along the pore axis modeled by the coupled Poisson-Nemst-Planck and Navier-Stokes equations. The local pressure drops are induced by the electroosmotic fluid flow. Our experiments also revealed the importance of concentration polarization in the detection of hydrogels. Due to the negative charges as well as branched, low-density structure of the hydrogel particles, the concentration of ions in the particles is significantly higher than in the bulk. As a result, when an electric field is applied across the membrane, a depletion zone can be created in the vicinity of the particle observed as a transient drop of the current. Our experiments using pores with openings between 200 and 1600 nm indicated the concentration polarization dominated the hydrogels' detection of pores wider than 450 nm. The results are of importance for all studies that involve transport of molecules, particles, and cells through pores with charged walls. The developed inhomogeneous pressure distribution can potentially influence the shape of the transported species. The concentration polarization changes the Interpretation of the resistive pulses; the observed current change does not necessarily reflect only the particle size but also the size of the depletion zone that is formed in the particle vicinity. C1 [Pevarnik, Matthew; Schiel, Matthew; Siwy, Zuzanna S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Yoshimatsu, Keiichi; Kwon, Jasmine S.; Shea, Kenneth J.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Vlassiouk, Ivan V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Siwy, ZS (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM zsiwy@uci.edu RI Yoshimatsu, Keiichi/H-4984-2013; Vlassiouk, Ivan/F-9587-2010 OI Yoshimatsu, Keiichi/0000-0002-1428-0029; Vlassiouk, Ivan/0000-0002-5494-0386 FU National Science Foundation [CHE 0747237] FX Irradiation with swift heavy ions was performed at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (CHE 0747237). NR 34 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 99 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 3720 EP 3728 DI 10.1021/nn400774e PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 133MU UT WOS:000318143300090 PM 23544709 ER PT J AU Betoule, M Marriner, J Regnault, N Cuillandre, JC Astier, P Guy, J Balland, C El Hage, P Hardin, D Kessler, R Le Guillou, L Mosher, J Pain, R Rocci, PF Sako, M Schahmaneche, K AF Betoule, M. Marriner, J. Regnault, N. Cuillandre, J. -C. Astier, P. Guy, J. Balland, C. El Hage, P. Hardin, D. Kessler, R. Le Guillou, L. Mosher, J. Pain, R. Rocci, P. -F. Sako, M. Schahmaneche, K. TI Improved photometric calibration of the SNLS and the SDSS supernova surveys SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; techniques: photometric; methods: observational ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; FRANCE-HAWAII-TELESCOPE; LEGACY SURVEY; STANDARD STARS; FAR-ULTRAVIOLET; DATA SET; CONSTRAINTS; SYSTEM; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; EXTINCTION AB Context. We present a combined photometric calibration of the Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS) and the SDSS supernova survey, which results from a joint effort of the SDSS and the SNLS collaborations. Aims. Our primary motivation is to eventually sharpen cosmological constraints derived from type Ia supernova measurements by improving the accuracy of the photometric calibration. We deliver fluxes calibrated to the HST spectrophotometric star network for large sets of tertiary stars that cover the science fields of both surveys in all photometric bands. We also cross-calibrate directly the two surveys and demonstrate their consistency. Methods. For each survey the flat-fielding is revised based on the analysis of dithered star observations. The calibration transfer from the HST spectrophotometric standard stars to the multi-epoch tertiary standard star catalogs in the science fields follows three different paths: observations of primary standard stars with the SDSS PT telescope; observations of Landolt secondary standard stars with SNLS MegaCam instrument at CFHT; and direct observation of faint HST standard stars with MegaCam. In addition, the tertiary stars for the two surveys are cross-calibrated using dedicated MegaCam observations of stripe 82. This overlap enables the comparison of these three calibration paths and justifies using their combination to improve the calibration accuracy. Results. Flat-field corrections have improved the uniformity of each survey as demonstrated by the comparison of photometry in overlapping fields: the rms of the difference between the two surveys is 3 mmag in gri, 4 mmag in z and 8 mmag in u. we also find a remarkable agreement (better than 1%) between the SDSS and the SNLS calibration in griz. The cross-calibration and the introduction of direct calibration observations bring redundancy and strengthen the confidence in the resulting calibration. We conclude that the surveys are calibrated to the HST with precision of about 0.4% in griz. This precision is comparable to the external uncertianty affecting the color of the HST primary standard stars. C1 [Betoule, M.; Regnault, N.; Astier, P.; Guy, J.; Balland, C.; El Hage, P.; Hardin, D.; Le Guillou, L.; Pain, R.; Rocci, P. -F.; Schahmaneche, K.] CNRS, IN2P3, LPNHE, Paris 05, France. [Betoule, M.; Regnault, N.; Astier, P.; Guy, J.; Balland, C.; El Hage, P.; Hardin, D.; Le Guillou, L.; Pain, R.; Rocci, P. -F.; Schahmaneche, K.] Univ Paris 6 & 7, Paris 05, France. [Betoule, M.] PCCP, Paris 13, France. [Marriner, J.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Cuillandre, J. -C.] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Kessler, R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Kessler, R.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Mosher, J.; Sako, M.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Betoule, M (reprint author), CNRS, IN2P3, LPNHE, Paris 05, France. EM betoule@lpnhe.in2p3.fr NR 45 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 552 AR A124 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220610 PG 55 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 130JW UT WOS:000317912000123 ER PT J AU Blaksley, C Parizot, E Decerprit, G Allard, D AF Blaksley, C. Parizot, E. Decerprit, G. Allard, D. TI Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray source statistics in the GZK energy range SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE astroparticle physics; cosmic rays ID SPECTRUM; TRANSITION; ANISOTROPY AB The Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin (GZK) effect, i.e. the interaction of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) protons and nuclei with the intergalactic photon background, results in a drastic reduction of the number of sources contributing to the observed flux above similar to 60 EeV. We study quantitatively the source statistics as a function of energy for a range of models compatible with the current data, varying source composition, injection spectrum, source density, and luminosity distribution. We also explore various realizations of the source distribution. We find that, in typical cases, the brightest source in the sky contributes more than one-fifth of the total flux above 80 EeV and about one-third of the total flux at 100 EeV. We show that typically between two and five sources contribute more than half of the UHECR flux at 100 EeV. With such low source numbers, the isolation of the few brightest sources in the sky may be possible for experiments collecting sufficient statistics at the highest energies, even in the event of relatively large particle deflections. C1 [Blaksley, C.; Parizot, E.; Decerprit, G.; Allard, D.] Univ Paris 07, CNRS, Lab Astroparticule & Cosmol APC, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Decerprit, G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Blaksley, C (reprint author), Univ Paris 07, CNRS, Lab Astroparticule & Cosmol APC, 10 Rue A Domon & L Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France. EM blaksley@in2p3.fr; parizot@apc.univ-paris7.fr NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 552 AR A125 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220178 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 130JW UT WOS:000317912000124 ER PT J AU Busca, NG Delubac, T Rich, J Bailey, S Font-Ribera, A Kirkby, D Le Goff, JM Pieri, MM Slosar, A Aubourg, E Bautista, JE Bizyaev, D Blomqvist, M Bolton, AS Bovy, J Brewington, H Borde, A Brinkmann, J Carithers, B Croft, RAC Dawson, KS Ebelke, G Eisenstein, DJ Hamilton, JC Ho, S Hogg, DW Honscheid, K Lee, KG Lundgren, B Malanushenko, E Malanushenko, V Margala, D Maraston, C Mehta, K Miralda-Escude, J Myers, AD Nichol, RC Noterdaeme, P Olmstead, MD Oravetz, D Palanque-Delabrouille, N Pan, K Paris, I Percival, WJ Petitjean, P Roe, NA Rollinde, E Ross, NP Rossi, G Schlegel, DJ Schneider, DP Shelden, A Sheldon, ES Simmons, A Snedden, S Tinker, JL Viel, M Weaver, BA Weinberg, DH White, M Yeche, C York, DG AF Busca, N. G. Delubac, T. Rich, J. Bailey, S. Font-Ribera, A. Kirkby, D. Le Goff, J-M. Pieri, M. M. Slosar, A. Aubourg, E. Bautista, J. E. Bizyaev, D. Blomqvist, M. Bolton, A. S. Bovy, J. Brewington, H. Borde, A. Brinkmann, J. Carithers, B. Croft, R. A. C. Dawson, K. S. Ebelke, G. Eisenstein, D. J. Hamilton, J-C. Ho, S. Hogg, D. W. Honscheid, K. Lee, K-G. Lundgren, B. Malanushenko, E. Malanushenko, V. Margala, D. Maraston, C. Mehta, K. Miralda-Escude, J. Myers, A. D. Nichol, R. C. Noterdaeme, P. Olmstead, M. D. Oravetz, D. Palanque-Delabrouille, N. Pan, K. Paris, I. Percival, W. J. Petitjean, P. Roe, N. A. Rollinde, E. Ross, N. P. Rossi, G. Schlegel, D. J. Schneider, D. P. Shelden, A. Sheldon, E. S. Simmons, A. Snedden, S. Tinker, J. L. Viel, M. Weaver, B. A. Weinberg, D. H. White, M. Yeche, C. York, D. G. TI Baryon acoustic oscillations in the Ly alpha forest of BOSS quasars SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; dark energy; large-scale structure of Universe; cosmological parameters ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; DATA RELEASE 9; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; SMALL-SCALE STRUCTURE; LINE-OF-SIGHT; SDSS-III; SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; POWER-SPECTRUM; DARK ENERGY AB We report a detection of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) feature in the three-dimensional correlation function of the transmitted flux fraction in the Ly alpha forest of high-redshift quasars. The study uses 48 640 quasars in the redshift range 2.1 <= z <= 3.5 from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) of the third generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III). At a mean redshift z = 2.3, we measure the monopole and quadrupole components of the correlation function for separations in the range 20 h(-1) Mpc < r < 200 h(-1) Mpc. A peak in the correlation function is seen at a separation equal to (1.01 +/- 0.03) times the distance expected for the BAO peak within a concordance Lambda CDM cosmology. This first detection of the BAO peak at high redshift, when the universe was strongly matter dominated, results in constraints on the angular diameter distance D-A and the expansion rate H at z = 2.3 that, combined with priors on H-0 and the baryon density, require the existence of dark energy. Combined with constraints derived from cosmic microwave background observations, this result implies H(z = 2.3) = (224 +/- 8) km s(-1) Mpc(-1), indicating that the time derivative of the cosmological scale parameter (a) over dot = H(z = 2.3)/(1 + z) is significantly greater than that measured with BAO at z similar to 0.5. This demonstrates that the expansion was decelerating in the range 0.7 < z < 2.3, as expected from the matter domination during this epoch. Combined with measurements of H-0, one sees the pattern of deceleration followed by acceleration characteristic of a dark-energy dominated universe. C1 [Busca, N. G.; Aubourg, E.; Bautista, J. E.; Hamilton, J-C.] Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, APC,CEA,Observ Paris, Paris, France. [Delubac, T.; Rich, J.; Le Goff, J-M.; Borde, A.; Palanque-Delabrouille, N.; Rossi, G.; Yeche, C.] CEA, Ctr Saclay, IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bailey, S.; Font-Ribera, A.; Carithers, B.; Roe, N. A.; Ross, N. P.; Schlegel, D. J.; White, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kirkby, D.; Blomqvist, M.; Margala, D.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Pieri, M. M.; Maraston, C.; Nichol, R. C.; Percival, W. J.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Slosar, A.; Sheldon, E. S.; Snedden, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Bizyaev, D.; Brewington, H.; Brinkmann, J.; Ebelke, G.; Malanushenko, E.; Malanushenko, V.; Oravetz, D.; Pan, K.; Shelden, A.; Simmons, A.] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Bolton, A. S.; Dawson, K. S.; Olmstead, M. D.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Bovy, J.] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Croft, R. A. C.; Ho, S.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Bruce & Astrid McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Eisenstein, D. J.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hogg, D. W.; Tinker, J. L.; Weaver, B. A.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Honscheid, K.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Honscheid, K.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Lee, K-G.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Lundgren, B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mehta, K.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85121 USA. [Miralda-Escude, J.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Miralda-Escude, J.] Univ Barcelona, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Myers, A. D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Noterdaeme, P.; Paris, I.; Petitjean, P.; Rollinde, E.] Univ Paris 06, F-75014 Paris, France. [Noterdaeme, P.; Paris, I.; Petitjean, P.; Rollinde, E.] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Viel, M.] Osserv Astron Trieste, INAF, I-34131 Trieste, Italy. [Viel, M.] Natl Inst Nucl Phys, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Weinberg, D. H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [York, D. G.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60615 USA. [York, D. G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60615 USA. [Font-Ribera, A.] Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Paris, I.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. RP Busca, NG (reprint author), Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, APC,CEA,Observ Paris, 10 Rue A Domon & L Duquet, Paris, France. EM ngbusca@apc.univ-paris7.fr RI Ho, Shirley/P-3682-2014; White, Martin/I-3880-2015; Croft, Rupert/N-8707-2014; OI Ho, Shirley/0000-0002-1068-160X; White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070; Croft, Rupert/0000-0003-0697-2583; Miralda-Escude, Jordi/0000-0002-2316-8370; Viel, Matteo/0000-0002-2642-5707 FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science; Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-08-BLAN-0222]; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [PIIF-GA-2011-301665]; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX We thank Carlos Allende Prieto, Ashley Ross and Uros Seljak for stimulating discussions and Adam Riess for providing the data points of Riess et al. (2007) in Fig. 21. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. The French Participation Group of SDSS-III was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche under contract ANR-08-BLAN-0222. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No. PIIF-GA-2011-301665. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 100 TC 157 Z9 158 U1 2 U2 14 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 552 AR A96 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220724 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 130JW UT WOS:000317912000096 ER PT J AU Kains, N Street, RA Choi, JY Han, C Udalski, A Almeida, LA Jablonski, F Tristram, PJ Jorgensen, UG Szymanski, MK Kubiak, M Pietrzynski, G Soszynski, I Poleski, R Kozlowski, S Pietrukowicz, P Ulaczyk, K Wyrzykowski, L Skowron, J Alsubai, KA Bozza, V Browne, P Burgdorf, MJ Novati, SC Dodds, P Dominik, M Dreizler, S Fang, XS Grundahl, F Gu, CH Hardis, S Harpsoe, K Hessman, FV Hinse, TC Hornstrup, A Hundertmark, M Jessen-Hansen, J Kerins, E Liebig, C Lund, M Lundkvist, M Mancini, L Mathiasen, M Penny, MT Rahvar, S Ricci, D Sahu, KC Scarpetta, G Skottfelt, J Snodgrass, C Southworth, J Surdej, J Tregloan-Reed, J Wambsganss, J Wertz, O Bajek, D Bramich, DM Horne, K Ipatov, S Steele, IA Tsapras, Y Abe, F Bennett, DP Bond, IA Botzler, CS Chote, P Freeman, M Fukui, A Furusawa, K Itow, Y Ling, CH Masuda, K Matsubara, Y Miyake, N Muraki, Y Ohnishi, K Rattenbury, N Saito, T Sullivan, DJ Sumi, T Suzuki, D Suzuki, K Sweatman, WL Takino, S Wada, K Yock, PCM Allen, W Batista, V Chung, SJ Christie, G DePoy, DL Drummond, J Gaudi, BS Gould, A Henderson, C Jung, YK Koo, JR Lee, CU McCormick, J McGregor, D Munoz, JA Natusch, T Ngan, H Park, H Pogge, RW Shin, IG Yee, J Albrow, MD Bachelet, E Beaulieu, JP Brillant, S Caldwell, JAR Cassan, A Cole, A Corrales, E Coutures, C Dieters, S Prester, DD Donatowicz, J Fouque, P Greenhill, J Kane, SR Kubas, D Marquette, JB Martin, R Meintjes, P Menzies, J Pollard, KR Williams, A Wouters, D Zub, A AF Kains, N. Street, R. A. Choi, J. -Y. Han, C. Udalski, A. Almeida, L. A. Jablonski, F. Tristram, P. J. Jorgensen, U. G. Szymanski, M. K. Kubiak, M. Pietrzynski, G. Soszynski, I. Poleski, R. Kozlowski, S. Pietrukowicz, P. Ulaczyk, K. Wyrzykowski, L. Skowron, J. Alsubai, K. A. Bozza, V. Browne, P. Burgdorf, M. J. Novati, S. Calchi Dodds, P. Dominik, M. Dreizler, S. Fang, X. -S. Grundahl, F. Gu, C-H. Hardis, S. Harpsoe, K. Hessman, F. V. Hinse, T. C. Hornstrup, A. Hundertmark, M. Jessen-Hansen, J. Kerins, E. Liebig, C. Lund, M. Lundkvist, M. Mancini, L. Mathiasen, M. Penny, M. T. Rahvar, S. Ricci, D. Sahu, K. C. Scarpetta, G. Skottfelt, J. Snodgrass, C. Southworth, J. Surdej, J. Tregloan-Reed, J. Wambsganss, J. Wertz, O. Bajek, D. Bramich, D. M. Horne, K. Ipatov, S. Steele, I. A. Tsapras, Y. Abe, F. Bennett, D. P. Bond, I. A. Botzler, C. S. Chote, P. Freeman, M. Fukui, A. Furusawa, K. Itow, Y. Ling, C. H. Masuda, K. Matsubara, Y. Miyake, N. Muraki, Y. Ohnishi, K. Rattenbury, N. Saito, T. Sullivan, D. J. Sumi, T. Suzuki, D. Suzuki, K. Sweatman, W. L. Takino, S. Wada, K. Yock, P. C. M. Allen, W. Batista, V. Chung, S. -J. Christie, G. DePoy, D. L. Drummond, J. Gaudi, B. S. Gould, A. Henderson, C. Jung, Y. -K. Koo, J. -R. Lee, C. -U. McCormick, J. McGregor, D. Munoz, J. A. Natusch, T. Ngan, H. Park, H. Pogge, R. W. Shin, I. -G. Yee, J. Albrow, M. D. Bachelet, E. Beaulieu, J. -P. Brillant, S. Caldwell, J. A. R. Cassan, A. Cole, A. Corrales, E. Coutures, Ch. Dieters, S. Prester, D. Dominis Donatowicz, J. Fouque, P. Greenhill, J. Kane, S. R. Kubas, D. Marquette, J. -B. Martin, R. Meintjes, P. Menzies, J. Pollard, K. R. Williams, A. Wouters, D. Zub, Andm. CA OGLE Collaboration MiNDSTEp Consortium RoboNet Collaboration MOA Collaboration FUN Collaboration PLANET Collaboration TI A giant planet beyond the snow line in microlensing event OGLE-2011-BLG-0251 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: weak; planets and satellites: detection; planetary systems; Galaxy: bulge ID BINARY; DWARF; MASS; LENS; STARS; ALGORITHM; DISCOVERY; FREQUENCY; SYSTEMS; SEARCH AB Aims. We present the analysis of the gravitational microlensing event OGLE-2011-BLG-0251. This anomalous event was observed by several survey and follow-up collaborations conducting microlensing observations towards the Galactic bulge. Methods. Based on detailed modelling of the observed light curve, we find that the lens is composed of two masses with a mass ratio q = 1.9 x 10(-3). Thanks to our detection of higher-order effects on the light curve due to the Earth's orbital motion and the finite size of source, we are able to measure the mass and distance to the lens unambiguously. Results. We find that the lens is made up of a planet of mass 0.53 +/- 0.21 M-J orbiting an M dwarf host star with a mass of 0.26 +/- 0.11 M-circle dot. The planetary system is located at a distance of 2.57 +/- 0.61 kpc towards the Galactic centre. The projected separation of the planet from its host star is d = 1.408 +/- 0.019, in units of the Einstein radius, which corresponds to 2.72 +/- 0.75 AU in physical units. We also identified a competitive model with similar planet and host star masses, but with a smaller orbital radius of 1.50 +/- 0.50 AU. The planet is therefore located beyond the snow line of its host star, which we estimate to be around similar to 1-1.5 AU. C1 [Kains, N.; Bramich, D. M.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Street, R. A.; Tsapras, Y.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Choi, J. -Y.; Han, C.; Jung, Y. -K.; Park, H.; Shin, I. -G.] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Inst Astrophys, Dept Phys, Chonju 371763, South Korea. [Udalski, A.; Szymanski, M. K.; Kubiak, M.; Pietrzynski, G.; Soszynski, I.; Poleski, R.; Kozlowski, S.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, L.; Skowron, J.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, L. A.; Jablonski, F.] Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Div Astrofis, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. [Tristram, P. J.; Chote, P.; Sullivan, D. J.] Victoria Univ, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. [Jorgensen, U. G.; Hardis, S.; Harpsoe, K.; Hinse, T. C.; Mathiasen, M.; Skottfelt, J.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Jorgensen, U. G.; Harpsoe, K.] Geol Museum, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Alsubai, K. A.] Qatar Fdn, Doha, Qatar. [Bozza, V.; Novati, S. Calchi; Scarpetta, G.] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy. [Bozza, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [Browne, P.; Dodds, P.; Dominik, M.; Hundertmark, M.; Liebig, C.; Bajek, D.; Horne, K.] Univ St Andrews, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Burgdorf, M. J.] Univ Stuttgart, Deutsch SOFIA Inst, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. [Burgdorf, M. J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SOFIA Sci Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Novati, S. Calchi] IIASS, Vietri Sul Mare, SA, Italy. [Dreizler, S.; Hessman, F. V.; Hundertmark, M.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Hinse, T. C.; Chung, S. -J.; Koo, J. -R.; Lee, C. -U.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Taejon 305348, South Korea. [Fang, X. -S.; Gu, C-H.] Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, Natl Astron Observ, Joint Lab Opt Astron, Kunming 650011, Peoples R China. [Grundahl, F.; Jessen-Hansen, J.; Lund, M.; Lundkvist, M.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Hinse, T. C.] Armagh Observ, Armagh BT61 9DG, North Ireland. Danmarks Tekniske Univ, Inst Rumforskning Og Teknol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hornstrup, A.; Kerins, E.; Penny, M. T.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Oxford M13 9PL, England. [Mancini, L.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Poleski, R.; Skowron, J.; Penny, M. T.; Batista, V.; Gaudi, B. S.; Gould, A.; Henderson, C.; McGregor, D.; Pogge, R. W.; Yee, J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Rahvar, S.] Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Phys, Tehran, Iran. [Rahvar, S.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Ricci, D.; Surdej, J.; Wertz, O.] Inst Astrophys & Geophys, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Sahu, K. C.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Scarpetta, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Salerno, Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [Brillant, S.; Kubas, D.] ESO, Santiago 19, Chile. [Snodgrass, C.] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Southworth, J.; Tregloan-Reed, J.] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. [Wambsganss, J.; Williams, A.; Zub, Andm.] Univ Heidelberg ZAH, Zentrum Astron, Astron Rechen Inst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Ipatov, S.] Alsubais Estab Sci Studies, Doha, Qatar. [Steele, I. A.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Wirral, England. [Tsapras, Y.] Univ London, Sch Math Sci, London E1 4NS, England. [Allen, W.] Vintage Lane Observ, Blenheim, New Zealand. [Christie, G.; Natusch, T.; Ngan, H.] Auckland Observ, Auckland 1023, New Zealand. [DePoy, D. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Drummond, J.] Possum Observ, Patutahi, Gisbourne, New Zealand. [McCormick, J.] Ctr Backyard Astrophys, Farm Cove Observ, Auckland, New Zealand. [Natusch, T.] AUT Univ, Inst Radiophys & Space Res, Auckland, New Zealand. Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Oneonta, NY USA. [Munoz, J. A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Astron & Astrofis, E-46100 Valencia, Spain. [Beaulieu, J. -P.; Cassan, A.; Corrales, E.; Coutures, Ch.; Kubas, D.; Marquette, J. -B.; Wouters, D.] UPMC CNRS, UMR7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Albrow, M. D.; Pollard, K. R.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 8020, New Zealand. [Caldwell, J. A. R.] McDonald Observ, Ft Davis, TX 79734 USA. [Meintjes, P.] Univ Free State, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, Dept Phys, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Cole, A.; Greenhill, J.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Math & Phys, Gpo Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, IGPP, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Bachelet, E.; Dieters, S.; Fouque, P.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Bachelet, E.; Fouque, P.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Prester, D. Dominis] Univ Rijeka, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Phys, Rijeka 51000, Croatia. [Donatowicz, J.] Vienna Univ Technol, Dept Comp, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. [Kane, S. R.] CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Martin, R.] Perth Observ, Perth, WA 6076, Australia. [Menzies, J.] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Observatory, South Africa. [Abe, F.; Furusawa, K.; Itow, Y.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.; Miyake, N.; Suzuki, K.; Takino, S.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Bennett, D. P.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bond, I. A.; Ling, C. H.; Sweatman, W. L.] Massey Univ, Inst Informat & Math Sci, North Shore Mail Ctr, Auckland, New Zealand. [Botzler, C. S.; Freeman, M.; Rattenbury, N.; Yock, P. C. M.] Univ Auckland, Dept Phys, Auckland, New Zealand. [Fukui, A.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Okayama Astrophys Observ, Okayama 7190232, Japan. Mt John Observ, Lake Tekapo 8770, New Zealand. [Muraki, Y.] Konan Univ, Dept Phys, Kobe, Hyogo 6588501, Japan. [Ohnishi, K.] Nagano Natl Coll Technol, Nagano 3818550, Japan. [Saito, T.] Tokyo Metropolitan Coll Ind Technol, Tokyo 1168523, Japan. [Sumi, T.; Suzuki, D.; Wada, K.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Pietrzynski, G.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Astron, Concepcion, Chile. RP Kains, N (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM nkains@eso.org; cheongho@astroph.chungbuk.ac.kr RI Almeida, L./G-7188-2012; Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; Williams, Andrew/K-2931-2013; Skowron, Jan/M-5186-2014; Hundertmark, Markus/C-6190-2015; Rahvar, Sohrab/A-9350-2008; Ipatov, Sergei/O-2302-2014 OI Ricci, Davide/0000-0002-9790-0552; Penny, Matthew/0000-0001-7506-5640; Snodgrass, Colin/0000-0001-9328-2905; Lund, Mikkel Norup/0000-0001-9214-5642; Lundkvist, Mia Sloth/0000-0002-8661-2571; Cole, Andrew/0000-0003-0303-3855; Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; Williams, Andrew/0000-0001-9080-0105; Skowron, Jan/0000-0002-2335-1730; Hundertmark, Markus/0000-0003-0961-5231; Rahvar, Sohrab/0000-0002-7084-5725; Dominik, Martin/0000-0002-3202-0343; Ipatov, Sergei/0000-0002-1413-9180 FU ESO; European Community [229517, 268421]; European Research Council under the European Community [246678]; NPRP from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation) [NPRP-09-476-1-78]; Creative Research Initiative Program of National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-0081561]; Danish Natural Science Foundation (FNU); German Research Foundation (DFG); Communaute francaise de Belgique - Actions de recherche concertees - Academie universitaire Wallonie-Europe; Korea Research Council for Fundamental Science and Technology (KRCF); KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) [2012-1-410-02]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [2009068160]; NSF; NASA [NNX12AB99G]; JSPS [JSPS23540339, JSPS19340058]; [JSPS22403003]; [JSPS23340064]; [JSPS23340044] FX N.K. acknowledges an ESO Fellowship. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (/FP7/2007-2013/) under grant agreements No 229517 and 268421. The OGLE project has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) / ERC grant agreement No. 246678 to AU. K. A., D. B., M. D., K. H., M. H., S. I., C. L., R. S., Y.T. are supported by NPRP grant NPRP-09-476-1-78 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). Work by C. Han was supported by Creative Research Initiative Program (2009-0081561) of National Research Foundation of Korea. This work is based in part on data collected by MiNDSTEp with the Danish 1.54 m telescope at the ESO La Silla Observatory. The Danish 1.54 m telescope is operated based on a grant from the Danish Natural Science Foundation (FNU). The MiNDSTEp monitoring campaign is powered by ARTEMiS (Automated Terrestrial Exoplanet Microlensing Search; Dominik et al. 2008). M. H. acknowledges support by the German Research Foundation (DFG). D. R. (boursier FRIA), O.W. (aspirant FRS - FNRS) and J. Surdej acknowledge support from the Communaute francaise de Belgique - Actions de recherche concertees - Academie universitaire Wallonie-Europe. T. C. H. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Korea Research Council for Fundamental Science and Technology (KRCF) through the Young Research Scientist Fellowship Program. T. C. H. and C. U. L. acknowledge financial support from KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) grant number 2012-1-410-02. Work by J. C. Yee is supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. 2009068160. A. Gould and B. S. Gaudi acknowledge support from NSF AST-1103471. B. S. Gaudi, A. Gould, and R. W. Pogge acknowledge support from NASA grant NNX12AB99G. The MOA experiment was supported by grants JSPS22403003 and JSPS23340064. T. S. was supported by the grant JSPS23340044. Y. Muraki acknowledges support from JSPS grants JSPS23540339 and JSPS19340058. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 15 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 552 AR A70 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220626 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 130JW UT WOS:000317912000070 ER PT J AU Han, J Elgowainy, A Dunn, JB Wang, MQ AF Han, Jeongwoo Elgowainy, Amgad Dunn, Jennifer B. Wang, Michael Q. TI Life cycle analysis of fuel production from fast pyrolysis of biomass SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fast pyrolysis; Greenhouse gas emissions; Petroleum savings; Life-cycle analysis; Biofuels ID BIO-OIL; BIOENERGY PRODUCTION; PARTICLE-SIZE; ENERGY; BALANCE AB A well-to-wheels (WTW) analysis of pyrolysis-based gasoline was conducted and compared with petroleum gasoline. To address the variation and uncertainty in the pyrolysis pathways, probability distributions for key parameters were developed with data from literature. The impacts of two different hydrogen sources for pyrolysis oil upgrading and of two bio-char co-product applications were investigated. Reforming fuel gas/natural gas for H-2 reduces WTW GHG emissions by 60% (range of 55-64%) compared to the mean of petroleum fuels. Reforming pyrolysis oil for H-2 increases the WTW GHG emissions reduction up to 112% (range of 97-126%), but reduces petroleum savings per unit of biomass used due to the dramatic decline in the liquid fuel yield. Thus, the hydrogen source causes a trade-off between GHG reduction per unit fuel output and petroleum displacement per unit biomass used. Soil application of biochar could provide significant carbon sequestration with large uncertainty. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Han, Jeongwoo; Elgowainy, Amgad; Dunn, Jennifer B.; Wang, Michael Q.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Syst Assessment Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Han, J (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Syst Assessment Grp, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jhan@anl.gov; aelgowainy@anl.gov; jdunn@anl.gov; mqwang@anl.gov FU Office of Biomass Program in the US Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This study was supported by the Office of Biomass Program in the US Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. We would like to thank Zia Haq and Kristen Johnson of the Office of Biomass Program for their support of this study. We are also grateful to Sue Jones and Lesley Snowden-Swan of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Mark Wright of Iowa State University, and David Hsu of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory for their inputs in pyrolysis and upgrading processes to our WTW analysis. NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 133 BP 421 EP 428 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.141 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 135BM UT WOS:000318261000055 PM 23454388 ER PT J AU Kunkel, KE Karl, TR Brooks, H Kossin, J Lawrimore, JH Arndt, D Bosart, L Changnon, D Cutter, SL Doesken, N Emanuel, KY Groisman, PY Katz, RW Knutson, T O'Brien, J Paciorek, CJ Peterson, TC Redmond, K Robinson, D Trapp, J Vose, R Weaver, S Wehner, M Wolter, K Wuebbles, D AF Kunkel, Kenneth E. Karl, Thomas R. Brooks, Harold Kossin, James Lawrimore, Jay H. Arndt, Derek Bosart, Lance Changnon, David Cutter, Susan L. Doesken, Nolan Emanuel, Kerr Y. Groisman, Pavel Ya Katz, Richard W. Knutson, Thomas O'Brien, James Paciorek, Christopher J. Peterson, Thomas C. Redmond, Kelly Robinson, David Trapp, Jeff Vose, Russell Weaver, Scott Wehner, Michael Wolter, Klaus Wuebbles, Donald TI MONITORING AND UNDERSTANDING TRENDS IN EXTREME STORMS State of Knowledge SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INTENSE PRECIPITATION; SNOWFALL DISTRIBUTIONS; SEVERE THUNDERSTORM; ARCTIC OSCILLATION; TROPICAL CYCLONES; NATURAL HAZARDS; FREEZING RAIN C1 [Kunkel, Kenneth E.; Karl, Thomas R.; Kossin, James; Lawrimore, Jay H.; Arndt, Derek; Groisman, Pavel Ya; Peterson, Thomas C.; Vose, Russell] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA. [Kunkel, Kenneth E.] N Carolina State Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA. [Brooks, Harold] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA. [Bosart, Lance] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Changnon, David] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Cutter, Susan L.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Geog, Hazards & Vulnerabil Res Inst, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Doesken, Nolan] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Emanuel, Kerr Y.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Katz, Richard W.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Knutson, Thomas] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA. [O'Brien, James] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Paciorek, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Redmond, Kelly] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA. [Robinson, David] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Trapp, Jeff] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Weaver, Scott] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA. [Wehner, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wolter, Klaus] Univ Colorado, CIRES Climate Diagnost Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Wolter, Klaus] NOAA, ESRL, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA. [Wuebbles, Donald] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL USA. RP Kunkel, KE (reprint author), Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA. EM ken.kunkel@noaa.gov RI Arndt, Derek/J-3022-2013; Kunkel, Kenneth/C-7280-2015; Wolter, Klaus/D-5988-2015; Katz, Richard/K-4133-2012; Kossin, James/C-2022-2016; OI Kunkel, Kenneth/0000-0001-6667-7047; Katz, Richard/0000-0002-0267-8953; Kossin, James/0000-0003-0461-9794; Cutter, Susan/0000-0002-7005-8596 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Program Office Award [NA07OAR4310063]; Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina [NA09NES4400006]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Isaac Held for his helpful comments on the hurricane section. We also thank Imke Durre, Xungang Yin, Jared Rennie, Michael Palecki, and David Wuertz of NCDC for their analytical assistance. The four reviewers provided valuable suggestions. This work was partially supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Program Office Award NA07OAR4310063 and through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina under Cooperative Agreement NA09NES4400006. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or the institutions for which they work. Christopher Paciorek and Michael Wehner were supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 91 TC 91 Z9 94 U1 17 U2 121 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0003-0007 EI 1520-0477 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 94 IS 4 BP 499 EP 514 DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00262.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 132NE UT WOS:000318074700006 ER PT J AU Ameloot, R Aubrey, M Wiers, BM Gomora-Figueroa, AP Patel, SN Balsara, NP Long, JR AF Ameloot, Rob Aubrey, Michael Wiers, Brian M. Gomora-Figueroa, Ana P. Patel, Shrayesh N. Balsara, Nitash P. Long, Jeffrey R. TI Ionic Conductivity in the Metal-Organic Framework UiO-66 by Dehydration and Insertion of Lithium tert-Butoxide SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE electrolytes; ion transport; lithium; metalorganic frameworks; post-synthetic modification ID PROTON CONDUCTION; POSTSYNTHETIC MODIFICATION; SELECTIVE ADSORPTION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FUNCTIONALIZATION; COORDINATION; ELECTROLYTES; ALKYLAROMATICS; SEPARATION; STABILITY C1 [Ameloot, Rob; Aubrey, Michael; Wiers, Brian M.; Gomora-Figueroa, Ana P.; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ameloot, Rob; Aubrey, Michael; Wiers, Brian M.; Gomora-Figueroa, Ana P.; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Patel, Shrayesh N.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Patel, Shrayesh N.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Long, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jrlong@berkeley.edu RI Ameloot, Rob/C-9175-2013 OI Ameloot, Rob/0000-0003-3178-5480 FU United States Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Program; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen); Schlumberger FX This research was funded by the United States Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Program. The authors thank Daniel Hallinan for helpful discussions. R. A. acknowledges the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen) for a postdoctoral fellowship. A. P. G. acknowledges Schlumberger for a FFTF Fellowship. NR 55 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 15 U2 155 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 19 IS 18 BP 5533 EP 5536 DI 10.1002/chem.201300326 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 135IQ UT WOS:000318282200004 PM 23495187 ER PT J AU Yang, G Bolotnikov, AE Fochuk, PM Cui, Y Camarda, GS Hossain, A Kim, KH Raghothamachar, B Roy, U James, RB AF Yang, G. Bolotnikov, A. E. Fochuk, P. M. Cui, Y. Camarda, G. S. Hossain, A. Kim, K. H. Raghothamachar, B. Roy, U. James, R. B. TI "Star-like' defects in Cd-annealed CdZnTe crystalsan experimental study of their origin and formation mechanism SO CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CdZnTe; annealing; dislocations; inclusions ID TE INCLUSIONS; PERFORMANCE; DETECTORS AB We conducted low-temperature annealing experiments at temperatures slightly above and below the melting point of Te to clarify the effects of the state of Te inclusions (solid or liquid) upon the formation of star-like' defects in Cd-annealed CdZnTe (CZT). We also carried out post-growth annealing experiments with and without using Cd vapor to clarify the mechanism of formation of such defects. We demonstrated that these star-like' defects are due to the reaction between in-diffused Cd atoms and the molten Te inclusions, but we found no observable one-to-one' correlation between star-like' defects and Te inclusions. The non-uniform distribution of Te inclusions in the CZT matrix could account for this phenomenon since the punching distance of the dislocations depends on the volume fraction of inclusions within the matrix. C1 [Yang, G.; Bolotnikov, A. E.; Cui, Y.; Camarda, G. S.; Hossain, A.; Roy, U.; James, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Fochuk, P. M.] Chernivtsi Natl Univ, Chernovtsy, Ukraine. [Kim, K. H.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Raghothamachar, B.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Yang, G (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM gyang@bnl.gov RI Fochuk, Petro/D-9409-2016 OI Fochuk, Petro/0000-0002-4149-4882 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nonproliferation & Verification Research Development [NA-22]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH1-886] FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nonproliferation & Verification Research & Development, NA-22. The WBXDT experiments were done at the X19C beamline of National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH1-886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0232-1300 J9 CRYST RES TECHNOL JI Cryst. Res. Technol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 48 IS 4 BP 221 EP 226 DI 10.1002/crat.201300009 PG 6 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 126JO UT WOS:000317610800010 ER PT J AU Rowe, E Tupitsyn, E Wiggins, B Bhattacharya, P Matei, L Groza, M Buliga, V Burger, A Beck, P Cherepy, NJ Payne, SA AF Rowe, E. Tupitsyn, E. Wiggins, B. Bhattacharya, P. Matei, L. Groza, M. Buliga, V. Burger, A. Beck, P. Cherepy, N. J. Payne, S. A. TI Double Salts Iodide Scintillators: Cesium Barium Iodide, Cesium Calcium Iodide, and Barium Bromine Iodide SO CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE halide; radiation detection; scintillator; double salts ID LIGHT-EMISSION; CHALCOGENIDES AB In this study we review the state-of-the-art for double salt iodide scintillators, in particular cesium barium iodide (CBI), cesium calcium iodide (CCI) and barium bromine iodide (BBI), as well as report on their scintillation and optical properties. Double salt iodides inherently have high density and atomic number which translates to good stopping power for energetic particles, in particular gamma rays. Light yields of 54,000 ph/MeV for CBI, 51,000 ph/MeV for CCI, and 46,000 ph/MeV for BBI were measured. A FWHM energy resolution for the 662 keV full absorption peak was observed at 5.7% for CBI, 16.3% for CCI and 3.56% for BBI. The principal scintillation decay timing for CBI was 840 ns, 462 ns for BBI, and two distinct time components of 9 ns and 1900 ns were observed for CCI. C1 [Rowe, E.; Tupitsyn, E.; Wiggins, B.; Bhattacharya, P.; Matei, L.; Groza, M.; Buliga, V.; Burger, A.] Fisk Univ, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. [Burger, A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Beck, P.; Cherepy, N. J.; Payne, S. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RP Rowe, E (reprint author), Fisk Univ, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. EM erowe@fisk.edu RI Cherepy, Nerine/F-6176-2013 OI Cherepy, Nerine/0000-0001-8561-923X FU U.S. DOE, NNSA, Office of Defence Nuclear Non-proliferation, Office of Non-proliferation Research and Development [NA-22]; US Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office [DE-NA0001012, IAA HSHQDC-09-x-00208/P00002]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work has been supported by the U.S. DOE, NNSA, Office of Defence Nuclear Non-proliferation, Office of Non-proliferation Research and Development (NA-22) and the US Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, under competitively awarded DE-NA0001012 and IAA HSHQDC-09-x-00208/P00002. This support does not constitute an express or implied endorsement on the part of the Government. This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 20 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0232-1300 J9 CRYST RES TECHNOL JI Cryst. Res. Technol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 48 IS 4 BP 227 EP 235 DI 10.1002/crat.201300010 PG 9 WC Crystallography SC Crystallography GA 126JO UT WOS:000317610800011 ER PT J AU Garcia, HE Mohanty, A Lin, WC Cherry, RS AF Garcia, Humberto E. Mohanty, Amit Lin, Wen-Chiao Cherry, Robert S. TI Dynamic analysis of hybrid energy systems under flexible operation and variable renewable generation - Part I: Dynamic performance analysis SO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hybrid energy systems; Energy system dynamic analysis; Flexible operation; Variable renewable generation ID WIND POWER; ELECTRICITY GRIDS; STORAGE; OPTIMIZATION; INTEGRATION; TURBINES; DESALINATION; CONTROLLER; FUZZY; PV AB Dynamic analysis of HES (hybrid energy systems) under flexible operation and variable renewable generation is considered in this two-part communication to better understand various challenges and opportunities associated with the high variability arising from integrating renewable energy into the power grid. Unique consequences are addressed by devising advanced HES solutions in which multiple forms of energy commodities, such as electricity and chemical products, may be exchanged. Dynamic models of various unit operations are developed and integrated within two different HES options. One HES option, termed traditional, produces electricity only and consists of a primary heat generator, a steam turbine generator, a wind farm, and a battery storage. The other HES option, termed advanced, includes not only the components present in the traditional option but also a chemical plant complex to repurpose excess energy for non-electricity services, such as for the production of chemical goods. In either case, a given HES is connected to the power grid at a point of common coupling and requested to deliver a certain electricity generation profile as dictated by a regional power grid operator based on a predicted demand curve. A dynamic performance analysis of these highly-coupled HES is conducted in this part one of the communication to identify their key dynamical properties and limitations and to prescribe solutions for best managing and mitigating the high variability introduced from incorporating renewable energy into the energy mix. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Garcia, Humberto E.; Mohanty, Amit; Lin, Wen-Chiao; Cherry, Robert S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Garcia, HE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 N Fremont Dr, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM humberto.garcia@inl.gov FU Energy Security Initiative (ESI) at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) under the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Dr. Thomas Baldwin in providing the dynamic model for steam to electrical generation and of Mr. Rick Wood in solving energy balance calculations. The authors would also like to acknowledge Dr. Richard Boardman and Dr. Paul Meakin in reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript and the anonymous reviewers for their constructive and thoughtful comments that helped to improve and clarify it. The research reported here was supported by the Energy Security Initiative (ESI) at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) under the U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 67 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 46 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2013.01.022 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA 130SS UT WOS:000317941000001 ER PT J AU Garcia, HE Mohanty, A Lin, WC Cherry, RS AF Garcia, Humberto E. Mohanty, Amit Lin, Wen-Chiao Cherry, Robert S. TI Dynamic analysis of hybrid energy systems under flexible operation and variable renewable generation - Part II: Dynamic cost analysis SO ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Hybrid energy systems; Energy system dynamic analysis; Flexible operation; Variable renewable generation AB Dynamic analysis of HES (hybrid energy systems) under flexible operation and variable renewable generation is considered in this two-part communication to better understand various challenges and opportunities associated with the high system variability arising from the integration of renewable energy into the power grid. Advanced HES solutions are investigated in which multiple forms of energy commodities, such as electricity and chemical products, may be exchanged. In particular, a comparative dynamic cost analysis is conducted in this part two of the communication to determine best HES options. The cost function includes a set of metrics for computing fixed costs, such as fixed operations and maintenance and overnight capital costs, and also variable operational costs, such as cost of operational variability, variable operations and maintenance cost, and cost of environmental impact, together with revenues. Assuming natural gas, coal, and nuclear as primary heat sources, preliminary results identify the level of renewable penetration at which a given advanced HES option (e.g., a nuclear hybrid) becomes increasingly more economical than a traditional electricity-only generation solution. Conditions are also revealed under which carbon resources may be better utilized as carbon sources for chemical production rather than as combustion material for electricity generation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Garcia, Humberto E.; Mohanty, Amit; Lin, Wen-Chiao; Cherry, Robert S.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Garcia, HE (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 N Fremont Dr, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM humberto.garcia@inl.gov FU ESI (Energy Security Initiative) at INL (Idaho National Laboratory) under the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Dr. Thomas Baldwin in providing the dynamic model for steam to electrical generation and of Mr. Rick Wood in solving energy balance calculations. The authors would also like to acknowledge Dr. Richard Boardman and Dr. Paul Meakin in reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript and the anonymous reviewers for their constructive and thoughtful comments that helped to improve and clarify it. The research reported here was supported by the ESI (Energy Security Initiative) at INL (Idaho National Laboratory) under the U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 BP 17 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.energy.2012.11.032 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA 130SS UT WOS:000317941000002 ER PT J AU Bhavsar, S Veser, G AF Bhavsar, Saurabh Veser, Goetz TI Reducible Supports for Ni-based Oxygen Carriers in Chemical Looping Combustion SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Petroleum Phase Behavior and Fouling CY JUN 10-14, 2012 CL St. Pete Beach, FL ID CATALYTIC PARTIAL OXIDATION; WATER-GAS-SHIFT; CO2 CAPTURE; POWER-GENERATION; IRON-OXIDE; METHANE; CERIA; REDUCTION; BEHAVIOR; CLC AB Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) is an emerging clean combustion technology for combustion of fossil fuels with inherent CO2 capture. In the present work, we investigate the use of reducible oxides (CeO2, La2O3) as oxygen carriers and as supports for nickel as active metal using TGA and fixed-bed reactor studies. Although CeO2 demonstrates reducibility (delta approximate to 8% at 800 degrees C with H-2) compared to minimal reducibility for La2O3, the oxygen carrying capacity is negligible compared to typical metals. However, ceria has a pronounced effect if used as support for Ni as oxygen carrier: In a comparison of reducible vs conventional, nonreducible oxide supports (Al2O3, SiO2), all carriers show thermal stability in TGA with H-2 as fuel but only reducible supports allow for complete carrier conversion (vs similar to 83% for Ni-Al2O3 with H-2 and similar to 75% with CH4 as fuel at 800 degrees C). Furthermore, the oxidation and reduction kinetics are accelerated, and the window for efficient total oxidation is strongly enlarged when using ceria supports. Overall, these results indicate significant potential for improved redox properties of oxygen carriers in CLC through a synergistic effect between metals and reducible oxides supports. C1 [Bhavsar, Saurabh; Veser, Goetz] Univ Pittsburgh, Swanson Sch Engn, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Bhavsar, Saurabh; Veser, Goetz] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Veser, G (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Swanson Sch Engn, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM gveser@pitt.edu RI Veser, Goetz/I-5727-2013 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory under the RDS [DE-AC26-04NT41817]; National Science Foundation (CBET) [1159853]; University of Pittsburgh through a faculty fellowship FX This technical effort was performed in support of the U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research under the RDS contract DE-AC26-04NT41817. Furthermore, financial support by the National Science Foundation (CBET #1159853) and by the University of Pittsburgh through a faculty fellowship (G.V.) is gratefully acknowledged. NR 44 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD APR PY 2013 VL 27 IS 4 BP 2073 EP 2084 DI 10.1021/ef400184b PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 130WN UT WOS:000317950900037 ER PT J AU Ellis, BR Fitts, JP Bromhal, GS McIntyre, DL Tappero, R Peters, CA AF Ellis, Brian R. Fitts, Jeffrey P. Bromhal, Grant S. McIntyre, Dustin L. Tappero, Ryan Peters, Catherine A. TI Dissolution-Driven Permeability Reduction of a Fractured Carbonate Caprock SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE calcite dissolution; caprock integrity; CO2 sequestration; fracture flow; fines migration; leakage ID CO2 SEQUESTRATION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; PORE-SCALE; INTEGRITY; DIOXIDE; STORAGE; LEAKAGE; MODEL; PRECIPITATION; SYSTEM AB Geochemical reactions may alter the permeability of leakage pathways in caprocks, which serve a critical role in confining CO2 in geologic carbon sequestration. A caprock specimen from a carbonate formation in the Michigan sedimentary Basin was fractured and studied in a high-pressure core flow experiment. Inflowing brine was saturated with CO2 at 40 degrees C and 10 MPa, resulting in an initial pH of 4.6, and had a calcite saturation index of -0.8. Fracture permeability decreased during the experiment, but subsequent analyses did not reveal calcite precipitation. Instead, experimental observations indicate that calcite dissolution along the fracture pathway led to mobilization of less soluble mineral particles that clogged the flow path. Analyses of core sections via electron microscopy, synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction imaging, and the first application of microbeam Ca K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure, provided evidence that these occlusions were fragments from the host rock rather than secondary precipitates. X-ray computed tomography showed a significant loss of rock mass within preferential flow paths, suggesting that dissolution also removed critical asperities and caused mechanical closure of the fracture. The decrease in fracture permeability despite a net removal of material along the fracture pathway demonstrates a nonintuitive, inverse relationship between dissolution and permeability evolution in a fractured carbonate caprock. C1 [Ellis, Brian R.; Fitts, Jeffrey P.; Peters, Catherine A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Bromhal, Grant S.; McIntyre, Dustin L.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV USA. [Tappero, Ryan] US DOE, Photon Sci Dept, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY USA. RP Peters, CA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. EM cap@princeton.edu RI Fitts, Jeffrey/J-3633-2012; Peters, Catherine/B-5381-2013; OI Peters, Catherine/0000-0003-2418-795X; McIntyre, Dustin/0000-0003-4907-9576 FU U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory; U.S. DOE [DE-FE0000749, DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-FG02-92ER14244]; ORISE professional internship program; ASCE Freeman Fellowship; NSF MRSEC program through the Princeton Center for Complex Materials [DMR-0819860] FX This project was supported through funding from the U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory and U.S. DOE award number DE-FE0000749. B. R. E. acknowledges additional funding support through the ORISE professional internship program and the ASCE Freeman Fellowship. We also acknowledge the use of PRISM Imaging and Analysis Center, which is supported, in part, by the NSF MRSEC program through the Princeton Center for Complex Materials (grant DMR-0819860). BNL and the NSLS operate under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Additional support for Beamline X27A comes from the U.S. DOE under DE-FG02-92ER14244 to the University of Chicago-CARS. NR 34 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 63 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 EI 1557-9018 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 30 IS 4 BP 187 EP 193 DI 10.1089/ees.2012.0337 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 131VD UT WOS:000318024100005 PM 23633894 ER PT J AU Czarnecki, O Yang, J Weston, DJ Tuskan, GA Chen, JG AF Czarnecki, Olaf Yang, Jun Weston, David J. Tuskan, Gerald A. Chen, Jin-Gui TI A Dual Role of Strigolactones in Phosphate Acquisition and Utilization in Plants SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF); phosphate (Pi); phosphorus (P); root development; shoot branching; strigolactones (SLs) ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ROOT-SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE; PHOSPHORUS-DEFICIENT CONDITIONS; TILLER BUD OUTGROWTH; LONG-DISTANCE SIGNAL; F-BOX PROTEIN; STARVATION RESPONSES; LEAF SENESCENCE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE AB Phosphorus, acquired in the form of phosphate (Pi), is one of the primary macronutrients for plants but is least available in the soil. Pi deficiency is a major factor limiting plant growth, development and reproduction. Plants have developed a complex signaling network to respond to Pi deficiency. The recent discovery of strigolactones, a new class of plant hormones, has led to an emerging signaling module illustrating the integrated control of Pi acquisition, plant-microbe symbiotic interactions and plant architecture. This review article focuses on the recent findings of plant responses and roles of strigolactones to Pi deficiency. C1 [Czarnecki, Olaf; Yang, Jun; Weston, David J.; Tuskan, Gerald A.; Chen, Jin-Gui] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Chen, JG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM czarneckio@ornl.gov; yangj3@ornl.gov; westondj@ornl.gov; tuskanga@ornl.gov; chenj@ornl.gov RI Chen, Jin-Gui/A-4773-2011; Tuskan, Gerald/A-6225-2011 OI Chen, Jin-Gui/0000-0002-1752-4201; Tuskan, Gerald/0000-0003-0106-1289 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [201019]; Plant-Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus Area in the Genomic Science Program, United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The authors apologize to those authors whose relevant original work could not be directly included in this article due to space restrictions. We thank Anthony Bryan (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) for critically reading the manuscript. J.Y. was supported by a visiting scholarship from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Number: 201019). This work was supported by the Plant-Microbe Interfaces Scientific Focus Area in the Genomic Science Program, United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 143 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 76 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-0067 J9 INT J MOL SCI JI Int. J. Mol. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 14 IS 4 BP 7681 EP 7701 DI 10.3390/ijms14047681 PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 131SU UT WOS:000318017100059 PM 23612324 ER PT J AU Skeen, SA Michelsen, HA Wilson, KR Popolan, DM Violi, A Hansen, N AF Skeen, Scott A. Michelsen, Hope A. Wilson, Kevin R. Popolan, Denisia M. Violi, Angela Hansen, Nils TI Near-threshold photoionization mass spectra of combustion-generated high-molecular-weight soot precursors SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Soot; Particle; Flame; Combustion; Mass spectrometry; PAH ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PREMIXED ETHYLENE FLAMES; MOBILITY PARTICLE SIZER; OXYGEN-ARGON FLAME; ANGLE X-RAY; DIFFUSION FLAMES; SPECTROMETRY ANALYSES; PYRENE DIMERIZATION; HIGH-TEMPERATURES; ALIPHATIC CHAINS AB In this work, we present mass spectra showing organic species with mass-to-charge ratios between 15 and 900 sampled from near-atmospheric pressure, non-premixed, opposed-flow flames of acetylene, ethylene, and propane using an aerosol mass spectrometer with flash vaporization. Near-threshold photoionization was achieved by synchrotron-generated tunable vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) light. Among the three different fuels, we observed variation in the mass progression, peak intensities, and isomeric content identifiable in photoionization-efficiency curves. The results indicate that different pathways contribute to the molecular growth of soot precursors and that the significance of these mechanisms is likely to depend on the fuel structure and/or flame conditions. Previous work has highlighted thermodynamic propensities for precursor formation; however, our results suggest that kinetic mechanisms play a role in determining the partitioning of soot precursor isomers under the conditions investigated here. Evidence for aliphatic-bridged and oxygenated species was also observed. Such species have been proposed as a possible precursor to particle inception following cluster formation but have never been confirmed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Skeen, Scott A.; Michelsen, Hope A.; Hansen, Nils] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Wilson, Kevin R.; Popolan, Denisia M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Violi, Angela] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Hansen, N (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, POB 969,MS 9055, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM nhansen@sandia.gov RI Hansen, Nils/G-3572-2012; OI Skeen, Scott/0000-0002-4444-0759 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) under the Single Investigator Small Group Research (SISGR) [DE-SC0002619]; DOE Office of Science, BES [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, DOE BES; National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94-AL85000] FX This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) under the Single Investigator Small Group Research (SISGR), Grant no. DE-SC0002619. The measurements are performed at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The authors acknowledge the expert technical assistance of Sarah Ferrell and Paul Fugazzi and sage advice from Prof. Fokion Egolfopoulos (USC). The ALS, KRW, and DMP are supported by the Director, DOE Office of Science, BES, under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. DMP is also grateful to the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for a Feodor Lynen fellowship. HAM and NH were supported by Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, DOE BES. Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract no. DE-AC04-94-AL85000. NR 79 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 58 BP 86 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2012.12.008 PG 17 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 130VW UT WOS:000317949200009 ER PT J AU Headrick, JM Schrader, PE Michelsen, HA AF Headrick, Jeffrey M. Schrader, Paul E. Michelsen, Hope A. TI Radial-profile and divergence measurements of combustion-generated soot focused by an aerodynamic-lens system SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Aerodynamic lens; Particle beam; Soot; Aerosols; Non-spherical ID LASER-INDUCED INCANDESCENCE; AEROSOL MASS-SPECTROMETER; PARTICLE-BEAM COLLIMATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; NUMERICAL CHARACTERIZATION; CONTROLLED DIMENSIONS; NOZZLE EXPANSIONS; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; MOBILITY AB We used light-scattering techniques to measure the angular divergence of a soot-particle beam produced by an aerodynamic-lens system in common use. Soot was generated in an atmospheric coflow ethylene diffusion flame and focused using this aerodynamic-lens system. The width of the beam generated was probed every similar to 32 mu m over a range of more than 100 mm downstream of the exit nozzle by imaging laser light scattered from the particle beam onto an intensified CCD camera. We collected transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grids downstream of the exit nozzle and analysed the images to size the particles focused in the beam. Our measurements yield a divergence angle in the range of 2.24-2.59 mrad corresponding to a solid angle of 1.59-2.11 x 10(-5) sr for a soot lognormal size distribution with an average projected area equivalent diameter of 88 nm and median of 73 nm. We characterized three similar aerodynamic-lens systems. Our results demonstrate that the radial profile of the particle beam has more Gaussian character near the exit of the aerodynamic-lens system and is almost purely Lorentzian in character further downstream of the lens-system exit. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Headrick, Jeffrey M.; Schrader, Paul E.; Michelsen, Hope A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA USA. RP Michelsen, HA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA USA. EM hamiche@sandia.gov FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the US Department of Energy; National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94-AL85000] FX We thank Daniel Strong for the rendition of the experimental setup shown in Fig. 1 and Ray Bambha for helpful suggestions and enlightening discussions. This work was funded by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the US Department of Energy. Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94-AL85000. NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8502 J9 J AEROSOL SCI JI J. Aerosol. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 58 BP 158 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2013.01.002 PG 13 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 130VW UT WOS:000317949200014 ER PT J AU Helmus, JJ Jaroniec, CP AF Helmus, Jonathan J. Jaroniec, Christopher P. TI Nmrglue: an open source Python package for the analysis of multidimensional NMR data SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR LA English DT Article DE Nuclear magnetic resonance; Solid-state NMR; Data processing; Data analysis; Data visualization; Python; Open source ID SOLID-STATE NMR; HUMAN PRION PROTEIN; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; NOBEL-LECTURE; SOFTWARE; SIMULATION; SPECTRA; SYSTEM; PHASE; C-13 AB Nmrglue, an open source Python package for working with multidimensional NMR data, is described. When used in combination with other Python scientific libraries, nmrglue provides a highly flexible and robust environment for spectral processing, analysis and visualization and includes a number of common utilities such as linear prediction, peak picking and lineshape fitting. The package also enables existing NMR software programs to be readily tied together, currently facilitating the reading, writing and conversion of data stored in Bruker, Agilent/Varian, NMRPipe, Sparky, SIMPSON, and Rowland NMR Toolkit file formats. In addition to standard applications, the versatility offered by nmrglue makes the package particularly suitable for tasks that include manipulating raw spectrometer data files, automated quantitative analysis of multidimensional NMR spectra with irregular lineshapes such as those frequently encountered in the context of biomacromolecular solid-state NMR, and rapid implementation and development of unconventional data processing methods such as covariance NMR and other non-Fourier approaches. Detailed documentation, install files and source code for nmrglue are freely available at http://nmrglue.com. The source code can be redistributed and modified under the New BSD license. C1 [Helmus, Jonathan J.; Jaroniec, Christopher P.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Helmus, JJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM jjhelmus@gmail.com; jaroniec@chemistry.ohio-state.edu RI Jaroniec, Christopher/A-4948-2008; OI Jaroniec, Christopher/0000-0003-0364-2888 FU National Science Foundation [MCB-0745754]; National Institutes of Health [R01GM094357]; Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation; Eli Lilly and Company FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (CAREER Award MCB-0745754 to C.P.J.), the National Institutes of Health (R01GM094357 to C.P.J.), the Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation (Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award to C.P.J.) and Eli Lilly and Company (Young Investigator Award to C.P.J.). The authors thank the current and former members of the Jaroniec research group (in particular P. S. Nadaud, M. Gao, C. Gupta, S. P. Pondaven, I. Sengupta, B. Wu and S. Mukherjee) for testing and providing valuable feedback on the early versions of nmrglue, and M. Fenwick and P. Semanchuk for reporting bugs and providing patches for the package. This work would not have been possible without the Scientific Python community, whose efforts have produced a powerful environment for scientific computing. The members of this community are too numerous to list here, however special thanks go to the late J.D. Hunter for his dedication to the community and contributions to creating the indispensable matplotlib package. J.J.H. also thanks J. Hoch (U. Connecticut Health Center) for supporting his continuing work on the development of nmrglue. NR 56 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-2738 J9 J BIOMOL NMR JI J. Biomol. NMR PD APR PY 2013 VL 55 IS 4 BP 355 EP 367 DI 10.1007/s10858-013-9718-x PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Spectroscopy GA 133YJ UT WOS:000318176500004 PM 23456039 ER PT J AU Rauscher, SA Ringler, TD Skamarock, WC Mirin, AA AF Rauscher, Sara A. Ringler, Todd D. Skamarock, William C. Mirin, Arthur A. TI Exploring a Global Multiresolution Modeling Approach Using Aquaplanet Simulations SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID AQUA-PLANET SIMULATIONS; REGIONAL-CLIMATE MODEL; CENTROIDAL VORONOI TESSELLATIONS; COMMUNITY-ATMOSPHERIC-MODEL; SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; GRID DYNAMICS CORE; STANDARD TEST; HORIZONTAL RESOLUTION; DOMAIN CHOICE; UNITED-STATES AB Results from aquaplanet experiments performed using the Model for Prediction across Scales (MPAS) hydrostatic dynamical core implemented within the Department of Energy (DOE)-NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) are presented. MPAS is an unstructured-grid approach to climate system modeling that supports both quasi-uniform and variable-resolution meshing of the sphere based on conforming grids. Using quasi-uniform simulations at resolutions of 30, 60, 120, and 240 km, the authors evaluate the performance of CAM-MPAS via its kinetic energy spectra, general circulation, and precipitation characteristics. By analyzing an additional variable-resolution simulation with grid spacing that varies from 30 km in a spherical, continental-sized equatorial region to 240 km elsewhere, the CAM-MPAS's potential for use as a regional climate simulation tool is explored. Similar to other quasi-uniform aquaplanet simulations, tropical precipitation increases with resolution, indicating the resolution sensitivity of the physical parameterizations. Comparison with the finite volume (FV) dynamical core suggests a weaker tropical circulation in the CAM-MPAS simulations, which is evident in reduced tropical precipitation and a weaker Hadley circulation. In the variable-resolution simulation, the kinetic energy spectrum within the high-resolution region closely resembles the quasi-uniform 30-km simulation, indicating a robust simulation of the fluid dynamics. As suggested by the quasi-uniform simulations, the CAM4 physics behave differently in the high and low resolution regions. A positive precipitation anomaly occurs on the western edge of the high-resolution region, exciting a Gill-type response; this zonal asymmetry represents the errors incurred in a variable resolution setting. When paired with a multiresolution mesh, the aquaplanet test case offers an exceptional opportunity to examine the response of physical parameterizations to grid resolution. C1 [Rauscher, Sara A.; Ringler, Todd D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Fluid Dynam & Solid Mech Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Skamarock, William C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Mirin, Arthur A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Appl Sci Comp, Livermore, CA USA. RP Rauscher, SA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM rauscher@lanl.gov FU DOE [07SCPF152]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Science Foundation FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments that helped to improve the quality and presentation of this manuscript. This work is supported by the DOE 07SCPF152 for the ''Development of Frameworks for Robust Regional Climate Modeling.'' Work on the part of LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The efforts of Dan Bergman and Jeff Painter in helping to couple MPAS with CESM are very much appreciated. SR thanks Adrian Tompkins for helpful comments.; The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation. NR 57 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD APR PY 2013 VL 26 IS 8 BP 2432 EP 2452 DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00154.1 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 130XX UT WOS:000317954700002 ER PT J AU Tripp, HJ AF Tripp, H. James TI The Unique Metabolism of SAR11 Aquatic Bacteria SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE SAR11; Pelagibacter; metabolism; genomics; oligotrophy; culturability ID CANDIDATUS-PELAGIBACTER UBIQUE; ATLANTIC TIME-SERIES; MARINE-BACTERIA; SARGASSO SEA; BACTERIOPLANKTON; OCEAN; WATER; DIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; GENOMES AB The deeply branching clade of abundant, globally distributed aquatic alpha-Proteobacteria known as "SAR11", are adapted to nutrient-poor environments such as the surface waters of the open ocean. Unknown prior to 1990, uncultured until 2002, members of the SAR11 clade can now be cultured in artificial, defined media to densities three orders of magnitude higher than in unamended natural media. Cultivation in natural and defined media has confirmed genomic and metagenomic predictions such as an inability to reduce sulfate to sulfide, a requirement for pyruvate, an ability to oxidize a wide variety of methylated and one-carbon compounds for energy, and an unusual form of conditional glycine auxotrophy. Here we describe the metabolism of the SAR11 type strain Candidatus "Pelagibacter ubique" sir. HTCC1062, as revealed by genome-assisted studies of laboratory cultures. We also describe the discovery of SAR11 and field studies that have been done on natural populations. C1 Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Tripp, HJ (reprint author), Joint Genome Inst, 2800 Mitchell Dr, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. EM hjtripp@lbl.gov NR 44 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 54 PU MICROBIOLOGICAL SOCIETY KOREA PI SEOUL PA KOREA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER 803, 635-4 YEOGSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 1225-8873 J9 J MICROBIOL JI J. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 51 IS 2 BP 147 EP 153 DI 10.1007/s12275-013-2671-2 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 134GQ UT WOS:000318198800001 PM 23625213 ER PT J AU Clear, RD AF Clear, R. D. TI Discomfort glare: What do we actually know? SO LIGHTING RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Glare models were reviewed with an eye for missing conditions or inconsistencies. Ambiguities were found relating to when to use small source versus large source models and as to what constitutes a glare source in a complex scene. Also, there was surprisingly little information validating the assumed independence of the factors driving glare. A barrier to progress in glare research is the lack of a standardized dependent measure of glare. The glare models were inverted so as to predict luminance and to compare model predictions against the 1949 Luckiesh and Guth data that form the basis of many of them. The models performed surprisingly poorly, particularly with regards to the luminance-size relationship and additivity. Evaluating glare in complex scenes may require fundamental changes to the form of the glare models. C1 [Clear, R. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Clear, RD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Bldg Technol Program, Mailstop 90-3111,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM rdclear@lbl.gov FU Office of Building Technology, State and Community Programs, Office of Building Research and Standards of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technology, State and Community Programs, Office of Building Research and Standards of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 14 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1477-1535 J9 LIGHTING RES TECHNOL JI Lighting Res. Technol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 45 IS 2 BP 141 EP 158 DI 10.1177/1477153512444527 PG 18 WC Construction & Building Technology; Optics SC Construction & Building Technology; Optics GA 125QO UT WOS:000317556600003 ER PT J AU Cusick, KD Sayler, GS AF Cusick, Kathleen D. Sayler, Gary S. TI An Overview on the Marine Neurotoxin, Saxitoxin: Genetics, Molecular Targets, Methods of Detection and Ecological Functions SO MARINE DRUGS LA English DT Review DE neurotoxin; saxitoxin; ion channels; copper transporter; phytoplankton; paralytic shellfish toxin ID SHELLFISH-POISONING TOXINS; DINOFLAGELLATE GYMNODINIUM-CATENATUM; MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION; RECEPTOR-BINDING ASSAY; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; COPEPOD ACARTIA-CLAUSI; GATED SODIUM-CHANNELS; TISSUE-CULTURE ASSAY; PARALYTIC-SHELLFISH AB Marine neurotoxins are natural products produced by phytoplankton and select species of invertebrates and fish. These compounds interact with voltage-gated sodium, potassium and calcium channels and modulate the flux of these ions into various cell types. This review provides a summary of marine neurotoxins, including their structures, molecular targets and pharmacologies. Saxitoxin and its derivatives, collectively referred to as paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), are unique among neurotoxins in that they are found in both marine and freshwater environments by organisms inhabiting two kingdoms of life. Prokaryotic cyanobacteria are responsible for PST production in freshwater systems, while eukaryotic dinoflagellates are the main producers in marine waters. Bioaccumulation by filter-feeding bivalves and fish and subsequent transfer through the food web results in the potentially fatal human illnesses, paralytic shellfish poisoning and saxitoxin pufferfish poisoning. These illnesses are a result of saxitoxin's ability to bind to the voltage-gated sodium channel, blocking the passage of nerve impulses and leading to death via respiratory paralysis. Recent advances in saxitoxin research are discussed, including the molecular biology of toxin synthesis, new protein targets, association with metal-binding motifs and methods of detection. The eco-evolutionary role(s) PSTs may serve for phytoplankton species that produce them are also discussed. C1 [Cusick, Kathleen D.; Sayler, Gary S.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Cusick, Kathleen D.; Sayler, Gary S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Sayler, Gary S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Sayler, Gary S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Joint Inst Biol Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Cusick, KD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, 676 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM kdaumer@utk.edu; sayler@utk.edu NR 137 TC 43 Z9 46 U1 19 U2 175 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-3397 J9 MAR DRUGS JI Mar. Drugs PD APR PY 2013 VL 11 IS 4 BP 991 EP 1018 DI 10.3390/md11040991 PG 28 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 131TJ UT WOS:000318018700002 PM 23535394 ER PT J AU Lovelace, RVE Kronberg, PP AF Lovelace, R. V. E. Kronberg, P. P. TI Transmission line analogy for relativistic Poynting-flux jets SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; accretion, accretion discs; magnetic fields; galaxies: jets ID HELICAL MAGNETIC-FIELD; DOUBLE RADIO-SOURCES; ACCRETION DISKS; EXTRAGALACTIC JETS; BLACK-HOLES; M87 JET; ENERGY; INSULATION; ROTATION; GEOMETRY AB Radio emission, polarization and Faraday rotation maps of the radio jet of the galaxy 3C 303 have shown that one knot of this jet carries a galactic-scale electric current and that it is magnetically dominated. We develop the theory of magnetically dominated or Poynting-flux jets by making an analogy of a Poynting jet with a transmission line or waveguide carrying a net current and having a potential drop across it (from the jet's axis to its radius) and a definite impedance which we derive. The electromagnetic energy flow in the jet is the jet impedance times the square of the jet current. The observed current in 3C 303 can be used to calculate the electromagnetic energy flow in this magnetically dominated jet. Time dependent but not necessarily small perturbations of a Poynting-flux jet are described by the 'telegrapher's equations'. These predict the propagation speed of disturbances and the effective wave impedance for forward and backward propagating wave components. A localized disturbance of a Poynting jet gives rise to localized dissipation in the jet which may explain the enhanced synchrotron radiation in the knots of the 3C 303 jet, and also in the apparently stationary knot HST-1 in the jet near the nucleus of the nearby galaxy M87. For a relativistic Poynting jet on parsec scales, the reflected voltage wave from an inductive termination or load can lead to a backward propagating wave which breaks down the magnetic insulation of the jet giving vertical bar E vertical bar/vertical bar B vertical bar >= 1. At the threshold for breakdown, vertical bar E vertical bar/vertical bar B = 1, positive and negative particles are directly accelerated in the E x B direction which is approximately along the jet axis. Acceleration can occur up to Lorentz factors similar to 10(7). This particle acceleration mechanism is distinct from that in shock waves and that in magnetic field reconnection. C1 [Lovelace, R. V. E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kronberg, P. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kronberg, P. P.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. RP Lovelace, RVE (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rvl1@cornell.edu FU NASA [NNX10AF-63G, NNX11AF33G]; NSF [AST-1008636]; NSERC Canada [A5713] FX We thank D. E. Harris, G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan, S. Dyda and M. M. Romanova for valuable discussions. Also, we thank the referee for valuable criticism. RVEL was supported in part by NASA grants NNX10AF-63G and NNX11AF33G and by NSF grant AST-1008636. PPK acknowledges support from NSERC Canada Discovery Grant A5713. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 430 IS 4 BP 2828 EP 2835 DI 10.1093/mnras/stt086 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 136CZ UT WOS:000318339700025 ER PT J AU Wilkins, SM Bunker, A Coulton, W Croft, R Di Matteo, T Khandai, N Feng, Y AF Wilkins, Stephen M. Bunker, Andrew Coulton, William Croft, Rupert Di Matteo, Tiziana Khandai, Nishikanta Feng, Yu TI Interpreting the observed UV continuum slopes of high-redshift galaxies SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: starburst; ultraviolet: galaxies ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; ULTRA-DEEP-FIELD; SIMILAR-TO 7; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; STELLAR POPULATIONS; WFC3/IR OBSERVATIONS; COSMIC REIONIZATION; DUST; EVOLUTION; CANDELS AB The observed UV continuum slope of star-forming galaxies is strongly affected by the presence of dust. Its observation is then a potentially valuable diagnostic of dust attenuation, particularly at high redshift where other diagnostics are currently inaccessible. Interpreting the observed UV continuum slope in the context of dust attenuation is often achieved assuming the empirically calibrated Meurer et al. relation. Implicit in this relation is the assumption of an intrinsic UV continuum slope (beta = -2.23). However, results from numerical simulations suggest that the intrinsic UV continuum slopes of high-redshift star-forming galaxies are bluer than this, and moreover vary with redshift. Using values of the intrinsic slope predicted by numerical models of galaxy formation combined with a Calzetti et al. reddening law we infer UV attenuations (A(1500)) 0.35-0.5 mag (A(V): 0.14 - 0.2 mag assuming Calzetti et al. reddening law) greater than simply assuming the Meurer relation. This has significant implications for the inferred amount of dust attenuation at very high (z approximate to 7) redshift given current observational constraints on beta, combined with the Meurer relation, suggesting dust attenuation to be virtually zero in all but the most luminous systems. C1 [Wilkins, Stephen M.; Bunker, Andrew; Coulton, William; Croft, Rupert; Di Matteo, Tiziana] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Croft, Rupert; Di Matteo, Tiziana; Khandai, Nishikanta; Feng, Yu] Carnegie Mellon Univ, McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Khandai, Nishikanta] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wilkins, SM (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Denys Wilkinson Bldg,Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. EM stephen.wilkins@physics.ox.ac.uk RI Di Matteo, Tiziana/O-4762-2014; Croft, Rupert/N-8707-2014 OI Di Matteo, Tiziana/0000-0002-6462-5734; Croft, Rupert/0000-0003-0697-2583 FU Science and Technology Facilities Council; Institute of Physics/Nuffield Foundation; Leverhulme Trust; National Science Foundation (NSF) [OCI-0749212, AST-1009781] FX We would like to thank the anonymous referee for their detailed and extremely useful report which greatly improved this manuscript. SMW and AB acknowledge support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council. WRC acknowledges support from an Institute of Physics/Nuffield Foundation funded summer internship at the University of Oxford. RACC thanks the Leverhulme Trust for their award of a Visiting Professorship at the University of Oxford. The simulations were run on the Cray XT5 supercomputer Kraken at the National Institute for Computational Sciences. This research has been funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) PetaApps programme, OCI-0749212 and by NSF AST-1009781. NR 37 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 430 IS 4 BP 2885 EP 2890 DI 10.1093/mnras/stt096 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 136CZ UT WOS:000318339700031 ER PT J AU Mortimer, SA Doudna, JA AF Mortimer, Stefanie A. Doudna, Jennifer A. TI Unconventional miR-122 binding stabilizes the HCV genome by forming a trimolecular RNA structure SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE RESOLUTION; 40S RIBOSOMAL-SUBUNIT; SHAPE CHEMISTRY; IN-VIVO; MICRORNA; TRANSLATION; RECOGNITION; INFECTION; PRIMATES AB MicroRNAs (miRNAs) typically downregulate protein expression from target mRNAs through limited base-pairing interactions between the 5' 'seed' region of the miRNA and the mRNA 3' untranslated region (3'UTR). In contrast to this established mode of action, the liver-specific human miR-122 binds at two sites within the hepatitis C viral (HCV) 5'UTR, leading to increased production of infectious virions. We show here that two copies of miR-122 interact with the HCV 5'UTR at partially overlapping positions near the 5' end of the viral transcript to form a stable ternary complex. Both miR-122 binding sites involve extensive base pairing outside of the seed sequence; yet, they have substantially different interaction affinities. Structural probing reveals changes in the architecture of the HCV 5'UTR that occur on interaction with miR-122. In contrast to previous reports, however, results using both the recombinant cytoplasmic exonuclease Xrn1 and liver cell extracts show that miR-122-mediated protection of the HCV RNA from degradation does not correlate with stimulation of viral propagation in vivo. Thus, the miR-122:HCV ternary complex likely functions at other steps critical to the viral life cycle. C1 [Mortimer, Stefanie A.; Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Doudna, Jennifer A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Doudna, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 229 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM doudna@berkeley.edu FU National Institutes of Health; HHMI FX National Institutes of Health (in part to J.A.D.). S.A.M. is a fellow of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society. J.A.D. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator. Funding for open access charge: HHMI. NR 36 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 41 IS 7 BP 4230 EP 4240 DI 10.1093/nar/gkt075 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 133VD UT WOS:000318167900039 PM 23416544 ER PT J AU Thorel, A Ciston, J Bartel, T Song, CY Dahmen, U AF Thorel, A. Ciston, J. Bartel, T. Song, C. -Y. Dahmen, U. TI Observation of the atomic structure of ss-SiAlON using three generations of high resolution electron microscopes SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article DE aberration correction; alloying; atomic defects; atomic-resolution electron microscopy; ceramics; crystal symmetry; defects; materials characterisation ID SILICON-NITRIDE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; BETA-SI3N4; CERAMICS; RECONSTRUCTION; HRTEM AB The structure of a ss-SiAlON (Si5.6Al0.4O0.4N7.6) has been observed using three generations of unique high resolution microscopes spanning over three decades of development in instrumentation the Atomic Resolution Microscope (ARM), the One Angstrom Microscope (OAM) and the Transmission Electron Aberration-corrected Microscope (TEAM). The information limits of these microscopes are 0.16, 0.08 and 0.05nm respectively. Observations along 0001 at Scherzer defocus for each microscope demonstrate a drastic increase in structural information. Images taken on TEAM show clearly resolved atomic columns whereas the ARM images were only indirectly related to the structure. Nevertheless, the loss of the six-fold symmetry associated with the O/N and Al/Si substitutions was already visible on images taken on the ARM, and an associated approximate to 25pm displacement of the O substituting for N in some of the 2c Wyckoff positions of the SiN unit cell was measured on exit wave reconstructions obtained from through focal series on the OAM. This paper illustrates how progress in instrumentation impacts our analysis and understanding of materials. C1 [Thorel, A.] Mines ParisTech, Ctr Mat, F-91003 Evry, France. [Ciston, J.; Bartel, T.; Song, C. -Y.; Dahmen, U.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dahmen, U (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Udahmen@LBL.gov RI Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014 FU Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors are grateful to the late C. Nelson for his invaluable assistance with the ARM and OAM, C. Kisielowski for his help with sub-angstrom microscopy on the OAM and for fruitful discussions, C. Ophus for useful discussions on image simulation and analysis, and M. Mancuso for help with the sample preparation. NCEM is supported by the Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 24 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 93 IS 10-12 SI SI BP 1172 EP 1181 DI 10.1080/14786435.2012.762468 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 129LO UT WOS:000317841300004 ER PT J AU Yang, H Lee, HS Sarahan, MC Sato, Y Chi, M Moeck, P Ikuhara, Y Browning, ND AF Yang, H. Lee, H. S. Sarahan, M. C. Sato, Y. Chi, M. Moeck, P. Ikuhara, Y. Browning, N. D. TI Quantifying stoichiometry-induced variations in structure and energy of a SrTiO3 symmetric sigma 13 {510}/< 100 > grain boundary SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article DE SrTiO3; grain boundary; atomic structure; STEM; statistical image analysis; nonstoichiometry ID TILT GRAIN-BOUNDARY; METAL-CERAMIC BICRYSTALS; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ELECTRICAL BARRIERS; BARIUM-TITANATE; RESOLUTION; OXYGEN; IMPURITIES; INTERFACE AB Grain boundaries (GBs) in complex oxides such as perovskites have been shown to readily accommodate nonstoichiometry changing the electrostatic potential at the boundary plane and effectively controlling material properties such as capacitance, magnetoresistance and superconductivity. Understanding and quantifying exactly how variations in atomic scale nonstoichiometry at the boundary plane extend to the practical mesoscale operating length of the system is therefore critical for improving the overall properties. Bicrystals of SrTiO3 were fabricated to provide the model GB model structures that are analysed in this paper. We show that statistical analysis of aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope images acquired from a large area of GB is an effective routine to understanding the variation in boundary structure that occurs to accommodate nonstoichiometry. In the case of the SrTiO3 22.6 degrees Sigma 13 (510)/[100] GB analysed here, the symmetric atomic structures observed from a micron-long GB can be categorized as two different competing structural arrangements, with and without a rigid-body translation along the boundary plane. How this quantified experimental approach can provide direct insights into the GB energetics is further confirmed from the first principles density functional theory, and the effect of nonstoichiometry in determining the GB energies is quantified. C1 [Yang, H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lee, H. S.; Sato, Y.; Ikuhara, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Engn Innovat, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138656, Japan. [Sarahan, M. C.] STFC Daresbury, SuperSTEM Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Chi, M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Moeck, P.] Portland State Univ, Dept Phys, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Browning, N. D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Yang, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM haoyang@ucdavis.edu RI Ikuhara, Yuichi/N-1001-2015; Ikuhara, Yuichi/F-3066-2010; Chi, Miaofang/Q-2489-2015 OI Ikuhara, Yuichi/0000-0003-3886-005X; Chi, Miaofang/0000-0003-0764-1567 FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-03ER46057, DE-AC05-76RL01830]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan; EMSL at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory FX The authors thank Dr Scott Findlay at Monash University, Australia, Dr Ishikawa at the University of Tokyo in Japan and Jeffery Aguiar and Daniel Masiel at UC-Davis for helpful discussions. This work is supported by the US Department of Energy Grant No. DE-FG02-03ER46057. A part of the work was conducted in the ShaRE user facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and in the Research Hub for Advanced Nano Characterization, The University of Tokyo, supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan. The authors also thank the support from EMSL, a national scientific user facility located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle for the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 59 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 93 IS 10-12 SI SI BP 1219 EP 1229 DI 10.1080/14786435.2012.746479 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 129LO UT WOS:000317841300007 ER PT J AU Mendelev, MI King, AH AF Mendelev, M. I. King, A. H. TI The interactions of self-interstitials with twin boundaries SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article DE molecular dynamic simulations; grain boundary structure; twin boundaries; point defects ID NANOSCALE; GROWTH; METALS; COPPER; GRAIN; CU AB A new mechanism of adsorption of self-interstitials onto twin boundaries (TB) in face-centred cubic (fcc) metals is identified using molecular dynamics simulations. In this mechanism, self-interstitials are arranged in the twin boundary plane forming a previously unknown kind of self-interstitial cluster. The self-interstitial cluster in the twin boundary is bounded by lines of atoms under high hydrostatic pressure while the pressure inside the cluster is much smaller. The atoms in the middle of the cluster have hcp short range order rather than fcc. However, if a new self-interstitial cluster forms in the middle of a pre-existing one, then the atoms in the middle of the new cluster will have regular twin boundary coordination. As a consequence of the formation of self-interstitial clusters inside each other, TB can be powerful, non-saturating sinks for self-interstitials. C1 [Mendelev, M. I.; King, A. H.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Mendelev, MI (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mendelev@ameslab.gov RI King, Alexander/B-3148-2012; King, Alexander/P-6497-2015 OI King, Alexander/0000-0001-9677-3769; King, Alexander/0000-0001-7101-6585 FU Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge useful discussions with Dr D. H. Kim. Work at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 45 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1478-6435 J9 PHILOS MAG JI Philos. Mag. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 93 IS 10-12 SI SI BP 1268 EP 1278 DI 10.1080/14786435.2012.747012 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 129LO UT WOS:000317841300010 ER PT J AU Amole, C Ashkezari, MD Baquero-Ruiz, M Bertsche, W Butler, E Capra, A Cesar, CL Charlton, M Deller, A Eriksson, S Fajans, J Friesen, T Fujiwara, MC Gill, DR Gutierrez, A Hangst, JS Hardy, WN Hayden, ME Isaac, CA Jonsell, S Kurchaninov, L Little, A Madsen, N McKenna, JTK Menary, S Napoli, SC Olchanski, K Olin, A Pusa, P Rasmussen, CO Robicheaux, F Sarid, E Shields, CR Silveira, DM So, C Stracka, S Thompson, RI van der Werf, DP Wurtele, JS Zhmoginov, A Friedland, L AF Amole, C. Ashkezari, M. D. Baquero-Ruiz, M. Bertsche, W. Butler, E. Capra, A. Cesar, C. L. Charlton, M. Deller, A. Eriksson, S. Fajans, J. Friesen, T. Fujiwara, M. C. Gill, D. R. Gutierrez, A. Hangst, J. S. Hardy, W. N. Hayden, M. E. Isaac, C. A. Jonsell, S. Kurchaninov, L. Little, A. Madsen, N. McKenna, J. T. K. Menary, S. Napoli, S. C. Olchanski, K. Olin, A. Pusa, P. Rasmussen, C. O. Robicheaux, F. Sarid, E. Shields, C. R. Silveira, D. M. So, C. Stracka, S. Thompson, R. I. van der Werf, D. P. Wurtele, J. S. Zhmoginov, A. Friedland, L. CA ALPHA Collaboration TI Experimental and computational study of the injection of antiprotons into a positron plasma for antihydrogen production SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID TRAPPED ANTIHYDROGEN; ATOMS AB One of the goals of synthesizing and trapping antihydrogen is to study the validity of charge-parity-time symmetry through precision spectroscopy on the anti-atoms, but the trapping yield achieved in recent experiments must be significantly improved before this can be realized. Antihydrogen atoms are commonly produced by mixing antiprotons and positrons stored in a nested Penning-Malmberg trap, which was achieved in ALPHA by an autoresonant excitation of the antiprotons, injecting them into the positron plasma. In this work, a hybrid numerical model is developed to simulate antiproton and positron dynamics during the mixing process. The simulation is benchmarked against other numerical and analytic models, as well as experimental measurements. The autoresonant injection scheme and an alternative scheme are compared numerically over a range of plasma parameters which can be reached in current and upcoming antihydrogen experiments, and the latter scheme is seen to offer significant improvement in trapping yield as the number of available antiprotons increases. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4801067] C1 [Amole, C.; Capra, A.; Menary, S.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Ashkezari, M. D.; Hayden, M. E.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Baquero-Ruiz, M.; Fajans, J.; Little, A.; So, C.; Wurtele, J. S.; Zhmoginov, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bertsche, W.; Charlton, M.; Deller, A.; Eriksson, S.; Isaac, C. A.; Madsen, N.; Napoli, S. C.; Shields, C. R.; van der Werf, D. P.] Swansea Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales. [Bertsche, W.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Bertsche, W.] Cockcroft Inst, Daresbury Lab, Warrington WA4 4AD, Cheshire, England. [Butler, E.] CERN, Dept Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Cesar, C. L.; Silveira, D. M.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Fajans, J.; Wurtele, J. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Friesen, T.; Fujiwara, M. C.; Thompson, R. I.] Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Fujiwara, M. C.; Gill, D. R.; Kurchaninov, L.; Olchanski, K.; Olin, A.; Stracka, S.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Gutierrez, A.; Hardy, W. N.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Hangst, J. S.; Rasmussen, C. O.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Hardy, W. N.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. [Jonsell, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [McKenna, J. T. K.; Pusa, P.] Univ Liverpool, Dept Phys, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England. [Olin, A.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. [Robicheaux, F.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Sarid, E.] Nucl Res Ctr Negev, Dept Phys, IL-84190 Beer Sheva, Israel. [Friedland, L.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Amole, C (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. RI Madsen, Niels/G-3548-2013; Bertsche, William/A-3678-2012; Stracka, Simone/M-3931-2015; Jonsell, Svante/J-2251-2016; wurtele, Jonathan/J-6278-2016; Fajans, Joel/J-6597-2016; Robicheaux, Francis/F-4343-2014; OI Deller, Adam/0000-0002-3430-1501; Isaac, Aled/0000-0002-7813-1903; Madsen, Niels/0000-0002-7372-0784; Bertsche, William/0000-0002-6565-9282; Stracka, Simone/0000-0003-0013-4714; Jonsell, Svante/0000-0003-4969-1714; wurtele, Jonathan/0000-0001-8401-0297; Fajans, Joel/0000-0002-4403-6027; Robicheaux, Francis/0000-0002-8054-6040; Butler, Eoin/0000-0003-0947-7166; van der Werf, Dirk/0000-0001-5436-5214 FU CNPq (Brazil); FINEP/RENAFAE (Brazil); ISF (Israel); FNU (Denmark); VR (Sweden); NSERC (Canada); NRC/TRIUMF (Canada); AITF (Canada); FQRNT (Canada); DOE (USA); LBNL LDRD (USA); NSF (USA); EPSRC (UK); Royal Society (UK); Leverhulme Trust (UK) FX This work was supported by CNPq, FINEP/RENAFAE (Brazil); ISF (Israel); FNU (Denmark); VR (Sweden); NSERC, NRC/TRIUMF, AITF, FQRNT (Canada); DOE, LBNL LDRD, NSF (USA); and EPSRC, the Royal Society and the Leverhulme Trust (UK). We are grateful for the efforts of the CERN AD team, without which the experimental data presented here could not have been taken. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 22 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 AR 043510 DI 10.1063/1.4801067 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 134UY UT WOS:000318241900071 ER PT J AU Bellei, C Amendt, PA Wilks, SC Casey, DT Li, CK Petrasso, R Welch, DR AF Bellei, C. Amendt, P. A. Wilks, S. C. Casey, D. T. Li, C. K. Petrasso, R. Welch, D. R. TI "Comment on 'Species separation in inertial confinement fusion fuels'" [Phys. Plasmas 20, 044701 (2013)] Response SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Editorial Material AB The claims made in the preceding Comment are categorically refuted. Further evidence to support the conclusions of our original paper is herein provided. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4799821] C1 [Bellei, C.; Amendt, P. A.; Wilks, S. C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Casey, D. T.; Li, C. K.; Petrasso, R.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Welch, D. R.] Voss Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. RP Bellei, C (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 AR 044702 DI 10.1063/1.4799821 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 134UY UT WOS:000318241900090 ER PT J AU Fredrickson, ED Gorelenkov, NN Podesta, M Bortolon, A Crocker, NA Gerhardt, SP Bell, RE Diallo, A LeBlanc, B Levinton, FM Yuh, H AF Fredrickson, E. D. Gorelenkov, N. N. Podesta, M. Bortolon, A. Crocker, N. A. Gerhardt, S. P. Bell, R. E. Diallo, A. LeBlanc, B. Levinton, F. M. Yuh, H. TI Non-linear modulation of short wavelength compressional Alfven eigenmodes SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SPHERICAL TORUS EXPERIMENT; BEAM-DRIVEN INSTABILITIES; ASPECT-RATIO PLASMAS; CYCLOTRON INSTABILITY; TOKAMAK; PHYSICS; WAVES; MODES; START; MAST AB Most Alfvenic activity in the frequency range between toroidal Alfven eigenmodes and roughly one half of the ion cyclotron frequency on National Spherical Torus eXperiment [Ono et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)], that is, approximately 0.3 MHz up to approximate to 1.2 MHz, are modes propagating counter to the neutral beam ions. These have been modeled as Compressional and Global Alfven Eigenmodes (CAE and GAE) and are excited through a Doppler-shifted cyclotron resonance with the beam ions. There is also a class of co-propagating modes at higher frequency than the counter-propagating CAE and GAE. These modes have been identified as CAE, and are seen mostly in the company of a low frequency, n = 1 kink-like mode. In this paper, we present measurements of the spectrum of these high frequency CAE (hfCAE) and their mode structure. We compare those measurements to a simple model of CAE and present a predator-prey type model of the curious non-linear coupling of the hfCAE and the low frequency kink-like mode. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4801663] C1 [Fredrickson, E. D.; Gorelenkov, N. N.; Podesta, M.; Gerhardt, S. P.; Bell, R. E.; Diallo, A.; LeBlanc, B.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Bortolon, A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Crocker, N. A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Levinton, F. M.; Yuh, H.] Nova Photon, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Fredrickson, ED (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI Diallo, Ahmed/M-7792-2013; Bortolon, Alessandro/H-5764-2015 OI Bortolon, Alessandro/0000-0002-0094-0209 FU U.S. DoE [DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG03-99ER54527, DE-FG02-06ER54867, DE-FG02-99ER54527] FX This manuscript has been authored under Contract Nos. DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-FG03-99ER54527, DE-FG02-06ER54867, and DE-FG02-99ER54527 with the U.S. DoE. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 AR 042112 DI 10.1063/1.4801663 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 134UY UT WOS:000318241900014 ER PT J AU Goumiri, IR Rowley, CW Ma, Z Gates, DA Krommes, JA Parker, JB AF Goumiri, I. R. Rowley, C. W. Ma, Z. Gates, D. A. Krommes, J. A. Parker, J. B. TI Reduced-order model based feedback control of the modified Hasegawa-Wakatani model SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA EDGE TURBULENCE; TEARING MODES; NEUTRAL BEAMS; DRIFT WAVES; ZONAL FLOW; REDUCTION; CHAOS; STABILIZATION; TRANSPORT; INSTABILITIES AB In this work, the development of model-based feedback control that stabilizes an unstable equilibrium is obtained for the Modified Hasegawa-Wakatani (MHW) equations, a classic model in plasma turbulence. First, a balanced truncation (a model reduction technique that has proven successful in flow control design problems) is applied to obtain a low dimensional model of the linearized MHW equation. Then, a model-based feedback controller is designed for the reduced order model using linear quadratic regulators. Finally, a linear quadratic Gaussian controller which is more resistant to disturbances is deduced. The controller is applied on the non-reduced, nonlinear MHW equations to stabilize the equilibrium and suppress the transition to drift-wave induced turbulence. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4796190] C1 [Goumiri, I. R.; Rowley, C. W.; Ma, Z.] Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Gates, D. A.; Krommes, J. A.; Parker, J. B.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Goumiri, IR (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM igoumiri@princeton.edu RI Rowley, Clarence/F-9068-2013; OI Parker, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9079-9930 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DEAC02-76CH03073] FX The authors would like to acknowledge Professor R. B. White and E. Kolemen for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Grant under Contract No. DEAC02-76CH03073. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 AR 042501 DI 10.1063/1.4796190 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 134UY UT WOS:000318241900033 ER PT J AU Guazzotto, L Betti, R Jardin, SC AF Guazzotto, L. Betti, R. Jardin, S. C. TI Jump conditions in transonic equilibria SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FLOW; TOKAMAK AB In the present paper, the numerical calculation of transonic equilibria, first introduced with the FLOW code in Guazzotto et al. [Phys. Plasmas 11, 604 (2004)], is critically reviewed. In particular, the necessity and effect of imposing explicit jump conditions at the transonic discontinuity are investigated. It is found that "standard" (low-beta, large aspect ratio) transonic equilibria satisfy the correct jump condition with very good approximation even if the jump condition is not explicitly imposed. On the other hand, it is also found that high-beta, low aspect ratio equilibria require the correct jump condition to be explicitly imposed. Various numerical approaches are described to modify FLOW to include the jump condition. It is proved that the new methods converge to the correct solution even in extreme cases of very large beta, while they agree with the results obtained with the old implementation of FLOW in lower-beta equilibria. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4798514] C1 [Guazzotto, L.; Betti, R.] Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Jardin, S. C.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. RP Guazzotto, L (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Mech Engn, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM luca.guazzotto@rochester.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-93ER54215]; Marie Curie Grant [PIRG-GA-2009-256385] FX The authors thank H. Weitzner for first pointing out the issue in the numerical solution of transonic equilibria and E. Hameiri and R. Keppens for useful discussion. One of the authors (L.G.) gratefully acknowledges PPPL for its continuing hospitality during the preparation of this work. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-FG02-93ER54215. Partial financial support was provided by Marie Curie Grant PIRG-GA-2009-256385. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 AR 042502 DI 10.1063/1.4798514 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 134UY UT WOS:000318241900034 ER PT J AU Hoffman, NM Herrmann, HW Kim, YH Hsu, HH Horsfield, CJ Rubery, MS Miller, EK Grafil, E Stoeffl, W Church, JA Young, CS Mack, JM Wilson, DC Langenbrunner, JR Evans, SC Sedillo, TJ Glebov, VY Duffy, T AF Hoffman, N. M. Herrmann, H. W. Kim, Y. H. Hsu, H. H. Horsfield, C. J. Rubery, M. S. Miller, E. K. Grafil, E. Stoeffl, W. Church, J. A. Young, C. S. Mack, J. M. Wilson, D. C. Langenbrunner, J. R. Evans, S. C. Sedillo, T. J. Glebov, V. Yu. Duffy, T. TI Measurement of areal density in the ablators of inertial-confinement-fusion capsules via detection of ablator (n, n 'gamma) gamma-ray emission SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL IGNITION FACILITY; OMEGA; DIAGNOSTICS; PLASMAS AB We report the first gamma-ray-based measurements of the areal density of ablators in inertial-confinement-fusion capsule implosions. The measurements, made at the OMEGA laser [T. R. Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)], used observations of gamma rays arising from inelastic scattering of 14.1-MeV deuterium-tritium (DT) neutrons on C-12 nuclei in the compressed plastic ablators. The emission of C-12(n,n'gamma) gamma rays from the capsules is detected using the Gamma Reaction History instrument [H. W. Herrmann et al., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244, 032047 (2010)] operating at OMEGA. From the ratio of a capsule's C-12(n,n'gamma) emission to the emission from the same processes in an in situ reference graphite "puck" of known mass and geometry [N. M. Hoffman et al., in IFSA 2011 proceedings (submitted)], we determine the time-averaged areal density of C-12 in the capsule's compressed ablator. Measured values of total ablator areal density for thirteen imploded capsules, in the range 23 +/- 10 to 58 +/- 14 mg/cm(2), are comparable to values calculated in 1D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations, and measured by charged-particle techniques. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4799799] C1 [Hoffman, N. M.; Herrmann, H. W.; Kim, Y. H.; Hsu, H. H.; Young, C. S.; Mack, J. M.; Wilson, D. C.; Langenbrunner, J. R.; Evans, S. C.; Sedillo, T. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Horsfield, C. J.; Rubery, M. S.] Atom Weap Estab, Aldermaston RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Miller, E. K.] Natl Secur Technol LLC, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 USA. [Grafil, E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Stoeffl, W.; Church, J. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Glebov, V. Yu.; Duffy, T.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Hoffman, NM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Herrmann, Hartmut/C-2486-2009 OI Herrmann, Hartmut/0000-0001-7044-2101 NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 AR 042705 DI 10.1063/1.4799799 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 134UY UT WOS:000318241900047 ER PT J AU Poole, BR Harris, JR AF Poole, B. R. Harris, J. R. TI Linear permittivity tapering in a Cerenkov microwave source with a pre-bunched beam SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; EFFICIENCY ENHANCEMENT; CHERENKOV LASER; WAVE-GUIDES; RADIATION; MASER AB Cerenkov microwave sources use a dielectric-lined waveguide to reduce the velocity of the electromagnetic wave and provide efficient energy transfer between the wave and the driving electron beam. Tapering the permittivity of the dielectric to maintain synchronism between the beam and the wave as the beam loses energy can increase the efficiency of these devices. Here, we consider such a structure driven by an electron beam with a harmonic density perturbation. Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulations and a macro-particle model based on the slowly varying envelope approximation are first used to examine an un-tapered baseline case. PIC simulations of the source with linear tapers over the entire amplifier length as well as over only a section of the amplifier where the beam executes synchrotron oscillations are examined. The efficiency for the baseline un-tapered source is 18%, while efficiencies up to approximately 48% are found using a taper in dielectric permittivity. Results of the best performing cases are presented. Detailed examination of longitudinal phase space, particle energy distributions, evolution of longitudinal wavenumber, and phase dynamics are presented from the PIC simulations. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4802822] C1 [Poole, B. R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Harris, J. R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Poole, BR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM poole1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 AR 043108 DI 10.1063/1.4802822 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 134UY UT WOS:000318241900060 ER PT J AU White, RB AF White, R. B. TI Guiding center equations for ideal magnetohydrodynamic modes SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CENTER MOTION AB Guiding center simulations are routinely used for the discovery of mode-particle resonances in tokamaks, for both resistive and ideal instabilities and to find modifications of particle distributions caused by a given spectrum of modes, including large scale avalanches during events with a number of large amplitude modes. One of the most fundamental properties of ideal magnetohydrodynamics is the condition that plasma motion cannot change magnetic topology. The conventional representation of ideal magnetohydrodynamic modes by perturbing a toroidal equilibrium field through delta(B) over right arrow = del x ((xi) over right arrow x (B) over right arrow), however, perturbs the magnetic topology, introducing extraneous magnetic islands in the field. A proper treatment of an ideal perturbation involves a full Lagrangian displacement of the field due to the perturbation and conserves magnetic topology as it should. In order to examine the effect of ideal magnetohydrodynamic modes on particle trajectories, the guiding center equations should include a correct Lagrangian treatment. Guiding center equations for an ideal displacement (xi) over right arrow are derived which preserve the magnetic topology and are used to examine mode particle resonances in toroidal confinement devices. These simulations are compared to others which are identical in all respects except that they use the linear representation for the field. Unlike the case for the magnetic field, the use of the linear field perturbation in the guiding center equations does not result in extraneous mode particle resonances. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4802094] C1 Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP White, RB (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-09CH11466] FX The author gratefully acknowledges conversations with Guo-Yong Fu and other physicists at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. This work was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Grant DE-AC02-09CH11466. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 AR 042116 DI 10.1063/1.4802094 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 134UY UT WOS:000318241900018 ER PT J AU Yu, JH Hollmann, EM Commaux, N Eidietis, NW Humphreys, DA James, AN Jernigan, TC Moyer, RA AF Yu, J. H. Hollmann, E. M. Commaux, N. Eidietis, N. W. Humphreys, D. A. James, A. N. Jernigan, T. C. Moyer, R. A. TI Visible imaging and spectroscopy of disruption runaway electrons in DIII-D SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; MAGNETIC TURBULENCE; TOKAMAK; PLASMA; RIPPLE; TEXTOR; FIELD AB The first visible light images of synchrotron emission from disruption runaway electrons are presented. The forward-detected continuum radiation from runaways is identified as synchrotron emission by comparing two survey spectrometers and two visible fast cameras viewing in opposite toroidal directions. Analysis of the elongation of 2D synchrotron images of oval-shaped runaway beams indicates that the velocity pitch angle v(perpendicular to)/v(parallel to) ranges from 0.1 to 0.2 for the detected electrons, with energies above 25 MeV. Analysis of synchrotron intensity from a camera indicates that the tail of the runaway energy distribution reaches energies up to 60 MeV, which agrees with 0D modeling of electron acceleration in the toroidal electric field generated during the current quench. A visible spectrometer provides an independent estimate of the upper limit of runaway electron energy which is roughly consistent with energy determined from camera data. Synchrotron spectra reveal that approximately 1% of the total post-thermal quench plasma current is carried by the detected high-energy runaway population with energies in the range of 25-60 MeV; the bulk of the plasma current thus appears to be carried by relativistic electrons with energy less than 25 MeV. In addition to stable oval shapes, runaway beams with other shapes and internal structure are sometimes observed. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4801738] C1 [Yu, J. H.; Hollmann, E. M.; Moyer, R. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Commaux, N.; Jernigan, T. C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Eidietis, N. W.; Humphreys, D. A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [James, A. N.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Yu, JH (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM jyu@ferp.ucsd.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors would like to thank M. A. Van Zeeland, N. Brooks, A. McLean, and C. Tsui for useful discussions and spectroscopic support. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FC02-04ER54698, and DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 IS 4 AR 042113 DI 10.1063/1.4801738 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 134UY UT WOS:000318241900015 ER PT J AU Latif, H Lerman, JA Portnoy, VA Tarasova, Y Nagarajan, H Schrimpe-Rutledge, AC Smith, RD Adkins, JN Lee, DH Qiu, Y Zengler, K AF Latif, Haythem Lerman, Joshua A. Portnoy, Vasiliy A. Tarasova, Yekaterina Nagarajan, Harish Schrimpe-Rutledge, Alexandra C. Smith, Richard D. Adkins, Joshua N. Lee, Dae-Hee Qiu, Yu Zengler, Karsten TI The Genome Organization of Thermotoga maritima Reflects Its Lifestyle SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL LANDSCAPE; REDUCED BACTERIUM; RNA-POLYMERASE; MESSENGER-RNA; ALPHA-SUBUNIT; GENE-TRANSFER; DNA-BINDING; PROMOTERS; SEQUENCE AB The generation of genome-scale data is becoming more routine, yet the subsequent analysis of omics data remains a significant challenge. Here, an approach that integrates multiple omics datasets with bioinformatics tools was developed that produces a detailed annotation of several microbial genomic features. This methodology was used to characterize the genome of Thermotoga maritima-a phylogenetically deep-branching, hyperthermophilic bacterium. Experimental data were generated for whole-genome resequencing, transcription start site (TSS) determination, transcriptome profiling, and proteome profiling. These datasets, analyzed in combination with bioinformatics tools, served as a basis for the improvement of gene annotation, the elucidation of transcription units (TUs), the identification of putative non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and the determination of promoters and ribosome binding sites. This revealed many distinctive properties of the T. maritima genome organization relative to other bacteria. This genome has a high number of genes per TU (3.3), a paucity of putative ncRNAs (12), and few TUs with multiple TSSs (3.7%). Quantitative analysis of promoters and ribosome binding sites showed increased sequence conservation relative to other bacteria. The 5'UTRs follow an atypical bimodal length distribution comprised of "Short'' 5'UTRs (11-17 nt) and "Common'' 5'UTRs (26-32 nt). Transcriptional regulation is limited by a lack of intergenic space for the majority of TUs. Lastly, a high fraction of annotated genes are expressed independent of growth state and a linear correlation of mRNA/protein is observed (Pearson r = 0.63, p<2.2x10(-16) t-test). These distinctive properties are hypothesized to be a reflection of this organism's hyperthermophilic lifestyle and could yield novel insights into the evolutionary trajectory of microbial life on earth. C1 [Latif, Haythem; Lerman, Joshua A.; Portnoy, Vasiliy A.; Tarasova, Yekaterina; Nagarajan, Harish; Lee, Dae-Hee; Qiu, Yu; Zengler, Karsten] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Bioengn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Schrimpe-Rutledge, Alexandra C.; Smith, Richard D.; Adkins, Joshua N.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Latif, H (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Bioengn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM kzengler@ucsd.edu RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013; OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Adkins, Joshua/0000-0003-0399-0700; Lerman, Joshua/0000-0003-0377-2674; Zengler, Karsten/0000-0002-8062-3296 FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-08ER64686, DE-FG02-09ER25917, DE-AC05-76RLO 1830]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE1144086]; DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) Pan-omics Project; NIH National Center for Research Resources [RR018522] FX Funding for this work was provided by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under grants DE-FG02-08ER64686 and DE-FG02-09ER25917. HL is supported through the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant DGE1144086. Proteomics capabilities were developed under support from the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) Pan-omics Project and the NIH National Center for Research Resources (RR018522), and a significant portion of this work was performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a DOE-BER national scientific user facility at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland, Washington. PNNL is a multi-program national laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE under contract DE-AC05-76RLO 1830. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 84 TC 15 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 29 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 AR e1003485 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003485 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 132MS UT WOS:000318073300072 PM 23637642 ER PT J AU Hopkins, JB Panas, RM AF Hopkins, Jonathan B. Panas, Robert M. TI Design of flexure-based precision transmission mechanisms using screw theory SO PRECISION ENGINEERING-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Flexure systems; Compliant mechanisms; Screw theory; Transmission mechanisms; FACT; Freedom and constraint spaces; Microstructural architecture design ID DEGREE-OF-FREEDOM; COMPLIANT MECHANISMS; PARALLEL MANIPULATORS; TOPOLOGICAL SYNTHESIS; SYSTEM CONCEPTS; OPTIMIZATION; MOBILITY; GEOMETRY; FACT AB This paper enables the synthesis of flexure-based transmission mechanisms that possess multiple decoupled inputs and outputs of any type (e.g., rotations, translations, and/or screw motions), which are linked by designer-specified transmission ratios. A comprehensive library of geometric shapes is utilized from which a multiplicity of feasible concepts that possess the desired transmission characteristics may be rapidly conceptualized and compared before an optimal concept is selected. These geometric shapes represent the mathematics of screw theory and uniquely link a body's desired motions to the flexible constraints that enable those motions. This paper is significant to the design of nano-positioners, motion stages, and optical mounts. It is also significant to the design of transmission-based microstructural architectures for creating new materials with extraordinary mechanical properties. The microstructural architecture for a material that achieves a negative Poisson's ratio as well as a hand-actuated two degree of freedom (DOF) microscopy stage are designed as case studies to demonstrate the utility of this theory. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hopkins, Jonathan B.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Panas, Robert M.] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Hopkins, JB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, L-223,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM jonathanbhopkins@gmail.com FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-JRNL-490064] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-JRNL-490064. NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0141-6359 EI 1873-2372 J9 PRECIS ENG JI Precis. Eng.-J. Int. Soc. Precis. Eng. Nanotechnol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 37 IS 2 BP 299 EP 307 DI 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2012.09.008 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 112IL UT WOS:000316585800007 ER PT J AU Kuehn, K Kuhlmann, S Allam, S Annis, JT Bailey, T Balbinot, E Bernstein, JP Biesiadzinski, T Burke, DL Butner, M Camargo, JIB da Costa, LAN DePoy, D Diehl, HT Dietrich, JP Estrada, J Fausti, A Gerke, B Guarino, V Head, HH Kessler, R Lin, H Lorenzon, W Maia, MAG Maki, L Marshall, J Nord, B Neilsen, E Ogando, RLC Park, D Peoples, J Rastawicki, D Rheault, JP Santiago, B Schubnell, M Seitzer, P Smith, JA Spinka, H Sypniewski, A Tarle, G Tucker, DL Walker, AR Wester, W AF Kuehn, K. Kuhlmann, S. Allam, S. Annis, J. T. Bailey, T. Balbinot, E. Bernstein, J. P. Biesiadzinski, T. Burke, D. L. Butner, M. Camargo, J. I. B. da Costa, L. A. N. DePoy, D. Diehl, H. T. Dietrich, J. P. Estrada, J. Fausti, A. Gerke, B. Guarino, V. Head, H. H. Kessler, R. Lin, H. Lorenzon, W. Maia, M. A. G. Maki, L. Marshall, J. Nord, B. Neilsen, E. Ogando, R. L. C. Park, D. Peoples, J. Rastawicki, D. Rheault, J. -P. Santiago, B. Schubnell, M. Seitzer, P. Smith, J. A. Spinka, H. Sypniewski, A. Tarle, G. Tucker, D. L. Walker, A. R. Wester, W. CA Dark Energy Survey Collaboration TI PreCam: A Precursor Observational Campaign for Calibration of the Dark Energy Survey SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID SKY; SYSTEM AB PreCam, a precursor observational campaign supporting the Dark Energy Survey (DES), is designed to produce a photometric and astrometric catalog of nearly a hundred thousand standard stars within the DES footprint, while the PreCam instrument also serves as a prototype testbed for the Dark Energy Camera's hardware and software. This catalog represents a potential 100-fold increase in Southern Hemisphere photometric standard stars, and therefore will be an important component in the calibration of the Dark Energy Survey. We provide details on the PreCam instrument's design, construction, and testing, as well as results from a subset of the 51 nights of PreCam survey observations on the University of Michigan Department of Astronomy's Curtis-Schmidt telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO). We briefly describe the preliminary data processing pipeline that has been developed for PreCam data and the preliminary results of the instrument performance, as well as astrometry and photometry of a sample of stars previously included in other southern sky surveys. C1 [Kuehn, K.; Kuhlmann, S.; Bailey, T.; Bernstein, J. P.; Guarino, V.; Spinka, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Allam, S.; Annis, J. T.; Diehl, H. T.; Estrada, J.; Lin, H.; Neilsen, E.; Park, D.; Peoples, J.; Tucker, D. L.; Wester, W.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Bailey, T.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Balbinot, E.; Santiago, B.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Balbinot, E.; Camargo, J. I. B.; da Costa, L. A. N.; Fausti, A.; Maia, M. A. G.; Ogando, R. L. C.; Santiago, B.] LIneA, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Biesiadzinski, T.; Dietrich, J. P.; Lorenzon, W.; Maki, L.; Nord, B.; Schubnell, M.; Sypniewski, A.; Tarle, G.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Burke, D. L.; Gerke, B.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Butner, M.; Head, H. H.; Smith, J. A.] Austin Peay State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clarksville, TN 37044 USA. [Camargo, J. I. B.; da Costa, L. A. N.; Maia, M. A. G.; Marshall, J.; Ogando, R. L. C.; Rheault, J. -P.] Observ Nacl, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [DePoy, D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Gerke, B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kessler, R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Maki, L.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Park, D.] Illinois Math & Sci Acad, Aurora, IL 60506 USA. [Rastawicki, D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Seitzer, P.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Walker, A. R.] Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Natl Opt Astron Observ, La Serena, Chile. RP Kuehn, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. EM kkuehn@anl.gov; kuhlmann@anl.gov; dtucker@fnal.gov RI Ogando, Ricardo/A-1747-2010; Balbinot, Eduardo/E-8019-2015; Bueno de Camargo, Julio Ignacio/C-3145-2013; OI Ogando, Ricardo/0000-0003-2120-1154; Balbinot, Eduardo/0000-0002-1322-3153; Bueno de Camargo, Julio Ignacio/0000-0002-1642-4065; Nord, Brian/0000-0001-6706-8972; Dietrich, Jorg/0000-0002-8134-9591; Tucker, Douglas/0000-0001-7211-5729 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation; Ministry of Science and Education of Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; Higher Education Funding Council for England; National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq-Brazil); Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, e Inovacao (MCTI-Brazil); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Argonne National Laboratory; University of California at Santa Cruz; University of Cambridge; Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas; Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid; University of Chicago; University College London; DES-Brazil; Fermilab; University of Edinburgh; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC); Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat; associated Excellence Cluster Universe; University of Michigan; National Optical Astronomy Observatory; University of Nottingham; Ohio State University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Portsmouth; SLAC; Stanford University; University of Sussex; Texas AM University; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; Stanford University [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; NASA Orbital Debris Program Office; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; Case Western Reserve University; Drexel University; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; University of Pittsburgh; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington FX The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government.; This paper has gone through internal review by the DES collaboration. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq-Brazil) and the Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, e Inovacao (MCTI-Brazil), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey.; The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, DES-Brazil, Fermilab, the University of Edinburgh, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, the Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, and Texas A&M University. Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. SLAC is operated by Stanford University under contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515.; The U-M Curtis-Schmidt telescope is dedicated to optical observations of space debris, in a program funded by grants to the University of Michigan from the NASA Orbital Debris Program Office. P. Seitzer (Principal Investigator) thanks the Office for their long term and continuing support. In particular the Debris Program funded upgrades to the Curtis-Schmidt which made an automated survey project like PreCam possible.; This paper makes use of data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is http://www.sdss.org/.; The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD APR PY 2013 VL 125 IS 926 BP 409 EP 421 DI 10.1086/670592 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 131BM UT WOS:000317965800006 ER PT J AU Zhou, Z Botterud, A Wang, J Bessa, RJ Keko, H Sumaili, J Miranda, V AF Zhou, Z. Botterud, A. Wang, J. Bessa, R. J. Keko, H. Sumaili, J. Miranda, V. TI Application of probabilistic wind power forecasting in electricity markets SO WIND ENERGY LA English DT Article DE wind power forecasting; probabilistic forecasts; stochastic unit commitment; electricity system operation; dynamic operating reserves ID UNIT COMMITMENT; GENERATION; SECURITY; SYSTEMS AB This paper discusses the potential use of probabilistic wind power forecasting in electricity markets, with focus on the scheduling and dispatch decisions of the system operator. We apply probabilistic kernel density forecasting with a quantile-copula estimator to forecast the probability density function, from which forecasting quantiles and scenarios with temporal dependency of errors are derived. We show how the probabilistic forecasts can be used to schedule energy and operating reserves to accommodate the wind power forecast uncertainty. We simulate the operation of a two-settlement electricity market with clearing of day-ahead and real-time markets for energy and operating reserves. At the day-ahead stage, a deterministic point forecast is input to the commitment and dispatch procedure. Then a probabilistic forecast is used to adjust the commitment status of fast-starting units closer to real time, on the basis of either dynamic operating reserves or stochastic unit commitment. Finally, the real-time dispatch is based on the realized availability of wind power. To evaluate the model in a large-scale real-world setting, we take the power system in Illinois as a test case and compare different scheduling strategies. The results show better performance for dynamic compared with fixed operating reserve requirements. Furthermore, although there are differences in the detailed dispatch results, dynamic operating reserves and stochastic unit commitment give similar results in terms of cost. Overall, we find that probabilistic forecasts can contribute to improve the performance of the power system, both in terms of cost and reliability. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Zhou, Z.; Botterud, A.; Wang, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bessa, R. J.; Keko, H.; Sumaili, J.; Miranda, V.] Univ Porto, INESC TEC INESC Technol & Sci, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. [Bessa, R. J.; Keko, H.; Sumaili, J.; Miranda, V.] Univ Porto, FEUP, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. RP Zhou, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM zzhou@anl.gov RI Miranda, Vladimiro/H-6245-2012; OI Sumaili, Jean/0000-0002-0231-1043; Bessa, Ricardo/0000-0002-3808-0427; Miranda, Vladimiro/0000-0002-5772-8452 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy through its Wind and Water Power Program; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory [DE AC02-06CH11357]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) [SFRH/BD/43087/2008, SFRH/BD/33738/2009]; FCT FX The authors acknowledge the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy through its Wind and Water Power Program for funding the research presented in this paper. The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory ('Argonne'). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government.; The work of Hrvoje Keko was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) PhD Scholarship SFRH/BD/43087/2008. The work of Jean Sumaili was supported by FCT within the program 'Ciencia 2008'.; The work of R.J. Bessa was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) Ph.D. Scholarship SFRH/BD/33738/2009. NR 45 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1095-4244 J9 WIND ENERGY JI Wind Energy PD APR PY 2013 VL 16 IS 3 BP 321 EP 338 DI 10.1002/we.1496 PG 18 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 130QP UT WOS:000317934100001 ER PT J AU Naud, DL Hiskey, MA Chavez, DE AF Naud, Darren L. Hiskey, Michael A. Chavez, David E. TI Perchlorate-Free Pyrotechnic Formulations Utilizing Energetic Chlorine Donors: 1-CDN, 11-CDN, 13-CDN SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE LA English DT Article DE Perchlorate-free; Chlorine; Pyrotechnics; Energetic material; Nitration ID CIVILIAN APPLICATIONS; LIGHT ILLUMINANTS; MILITARY; DIOXINS AB Several novel materials were investigated as energetic chlorine donors, specifically for the preparation of perchlorate-free pyrotechnic formulations with low-smoke output. The novel compounds, 2-chloromethyl-2-methyl-5,5-dinitro-1,3-dioxane (1-CDN), 2,2-bis(chloromethyl)-5,5-dinitro-1,3-dioxane (13-CDN), and 2-(dichloromethyl)-2-methyl-5,5-dinitro-1,3-dioxane (11-CDN), were formulated with a variety of fuels and oxidizers and their resulting colored flames analyzed for color quality. The preparation and preliminary characterization of these energetic chlorine donors are described. C1 [Naud, Darren L.; Hiskey, Michael A.] DMD Syst, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Chavez, David E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, WX Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chavez, DE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, WX Div, MS C920, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dechavez@lanl.gov FU Laboratory Research And Development office; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was supported by the Laboratory Research And Development office. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security (LANS, LLC) under contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 for the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0044-2313 J9 Z ANORG ALLG CHEM JI Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 639 IS 5 BP 702 EP 706 DI 10.1002/zaac.201300019 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 132WJ UT WOS:000318099100008 ER PT J AU Hwang, GS Parkinson, DY Kusoglu, A MacDowell, AA Weber, AZ AF Hwang, Gi Suk Parkinson, Dilworth Y. Kusoglu, Ahmet MacDowell, Alastair A. Weber, Adam Z. TI Understanding Water Uptake and Transport in Nafion Using X-ray Microtomography SO ACS MACRO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ION-CONTAINING POLYMERS; FUEL-CELL; SCHROEDERS-PARADOX; PROTON TRANSPORT; VAPOR SORPTION; MEMBRANES; DIFFUSION; HYDRATION; SIMULATIONS AB To develop new ionomers and optimize existing ones, there is a need to understand their structure/function relationships experimentally. In this letter, synchrotron X-ray microtomography is used to examine water distributions within Nafion, the most commonly used ionomer. Simultaneous high spatial (similar to 1 mu m) and temporal (similar to 10 min) resolutions, previously unattained by other techniques, clearly show the nonlinear water profile across the membrane thickness, with a continuous transition from dynamic to steady-state transport coefficients with the requisite water-content dependence. The data also demonstrate the importance of the interfacial condition in controlling the water profile and help to answer some long-standing debates in the literature. C1 [Hwang, Gi Suk; Kusoglu, Ahmet; Weber, Adam Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Parkinson, Dilworth Y.; MacDowell, Alastair A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Weber, AZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM azweber@lbl.gov RI Parkinson, Dilworth/A-2974-2015; OI Parkinson, Dilworth/0000-0002-1817-0716; Weber, Adam/0000-0002-7749-1624; Kusoglu, Ahmet/0000-0002-2761-1050 FU Fuel Cell Technologies Office, of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science, of the U.S. DOE FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Office, of the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Computed X-ray tomography were carried out at the Advanced Light Source, which is supported by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. DOE under the same contract. We also thank Kurt Krueger for machining the sample holder. NR 31 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 56 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2161-1653 J9 ACS MACRO LETT JI ACS Macro Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 2 IS 4 BP 288 EP 291 DI 10.1021/mz300651a PG 4 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 129BK UT WOS:000317813200002 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Lam, TK Ioannidis, JPA Hartge, P Spitz, MR Buring, JE Chanock, SJ Croyle, RT Goddard, KA Ginsburg, GS Herceg, Z Hiatt, RA Hoover, RN Hunter, DJ Kramer, BS Lauer, MS Meyerhardt, JA Olopade, OI Palmer, JR Sellers, TA Seminara, D Ransohoff, DF Rebbeck, TR Tourassi, G Winn, DM Zauber, A Schully, SD AF Khoury, Muin J. Lam, Tram Kim Ioannidis, John P. A. Hartge, Patricia Spitz, Margaret R. Buring, Julie E. Chanock, Stephen J. Croyle, Robert T. Goddard, Katrina A. Ginsburg, Geoffrey S. Herceg, Zdenko Hiatt, Robert A. Hoover, Robert N. Hunter, David J. Kramer, Barnet S. Lauer, Michael S. Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A. Olopade, Olufunmilayo I. Palmer, Julie R. Sellers, Thomas A. Seminara, Daniela Ransohoff, David F. Rebbeck, Timothy R. Tourassi, Georgia Winn, Deborah M. Zauber, Ann Schully, Sheri D. TI Transforming Epidemiology for 21st Century Medicine and Public Health SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID CANCER-EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH; KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION; GENOMICS RESEARCH; UNITED-STATES; BIG-DATA; OPPORTUNITIES; SCIENCE; THINKING; LESSONS AB In 2012, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) engaged the scientific community to provide a vision for cancer epidemiology in the 21st century. Eight overarching thematic recommendations, with proposed corresponding actions for consideration by funding agencies, professional societies, and the research community emerged from the collective intellectual discourse. The themes are (i) extending the reach of epidemiology beyond discovery and etiologic research to include multilevel analysis, intervention evaluation, implementation, and outcomes research; (ii) transforming the practice of epidemiology by moving toward more access and sharing of protocols, data, metadata, and specimens to foster collaboration, to ensure reproducibility and replication, and accelerate translation; (iii) expanding cohort studies to collect exposure, clinical, and other information across the life course and examining multiple health-related endpoints; (iv) developing and validating reliable methods and technologies to quantify exposures and outcomes on a massive scale, and to assess concomitantly the role of multiple factors in complex diseases; (v) integrating "big data" science into the practice of epidemiology; (vi) expanding knowledge integration to drive research, policy, and practice; (vii) transforming training of 21st century epidemiologists to address interdisciplinary and translational research; and (viii) optimizing the use of resources and infrastructure for epidemiologic studies. These recommendations can transform cancer epidemiology and the field of epidemiology, in general, by enhancing transparency, interdisciplinary collaboration, and strategic applications of new technologies. They should lay a strong scientific foundation for accelerated translation of scientific discoveries into individual and population health benefits. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(4); 508-16. (c) 2013 AACR. C1 [Khoury, Muin J.; Lam, Tram Kim; Croyle, Robert T.; Seminara, Daniela; Winn, Deborah M.; Schully, Sheri D.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Hartge, Patricia; Chanock, Stephen J.; Hoover, Robert N.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kramer, Barnet S.] NCI, Div Canc Prevent, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Lauer, Michael S.] NHLBI, Div Cardiovasc Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Dept Hlth Res & Policy,Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Stat, Sch Humanities & Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Spitz, Margaret R.] Baylor Coll Med, Dan L Duncan Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Buring, Julie E.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Med Oncol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hunter, David J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Nutr, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Palmer, Julie R.] Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Goddard, Katrina A.] Kaiser Permanente, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Ginsburg, Geoffrey S.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Genom Med, Inst Genome Sci & Policy, Durham, NC USA. [Herceg, Zdenko] Int Agcy Res Canc, F-69372 Lyon, France. [Hiatt, Robert A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Olopade, Olufunmilayo I.] Univ Chicago Med, Dept Med, Ctr Clin Canc Genet & Global Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. [Sellers, Thomas A.] Univ S Florida, H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr, Off Director, Tampa, FL 33682 USA. [Ransohoff, David F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ransohoff, David F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Rebbeck, Timothy R.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Rebbeck, Timothy R.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Abramson Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Tourassi, Georgia] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Zauber, Ann] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@CDC.GOV RI Lauer, Michael/L-9656-2013; OI Tourassi, Georgia/0000-0002-9418-9638; Lauer, Michael/0000-0002-9217-8177; Palmer, Julie/0000-0002-6534-335X FU Novartis FX G.S. Ginsburg has a commercial research grant from Novartis. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed by the other authors. NR 51 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 10 U2 80 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 EI 1538-7755 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD APR PY 2013 VL 22 IS 4 BP 508 EP 516 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0146 PG 9 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 130ZW UT WOS:000317960900005 PM 23462917 ER PT J AU Correia, AL Mori, H Chen, EI Schmitt, FC Bissell, MJ AF Correia, Ana Luisa Mori, Hidetoshi Chen, Emily I. Schmitt, Fernando C. Bissell, Mina J. TI The hemopexin domain of MMP3 is responsible for mammary epithelial invasion and morphogenesis through extracellular interaction with HSP90 beta SO GENES & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE mammary morphogenesis; epithelial invasion and branching; MMP3; hemopexin domain; HSP90 beta ID GLAND BRANCHING MORPHOGENESIS; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES; BREAST-CANCER; DEVELOPMENTAL REGULATION; CELL INVASION; I COLLAGEN; STROMELYSIN-1; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; PROTEINASES AB Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are crucial mediators in sculpting tissue architecture and are required for many physiological and pathological processes. MMP3 has been shown to regulate branching morphogenesis in the mammary gland. Ectopic expression of proteolytically active MMP3 in mouse mammary epithelia triggers supernumerary lateral branching and, eventually, tumors. Using a three-dimensional collagen-I (Col-1) gel assay that simulates epithelial invasion and branching, we show that it is the hemopexin domain that directs these processes. Using three different engineered constructs containing a variation on MMP3 structural domains, we confirmed the importance of the hemopexin domain also in primary organoids of the mammary gland. A proteomic screen of MMP3-binding partners surprisingly revealed that the intracellular chaperone heat-shock protein 90 beta (HSP90 beta) is present extracellularly, and its interaction with the hemopexin domain of MMP3 is critical for invasion. Blocking of HSP90 beta with inhibitory antibodies added to the medium abolished invasion and branching. These findings shift the focus from the proteolytic activity of MMP3 as the central player to its hemopexin domain and add a new dimension to HSP90 beta's functions by revealing a hitherto undescribed mechanism of MMP3 regulation. Our data also may shed light on the failure of strategies to use MMP inhibitors in cancer treatment and other related disorders. C1 [Correia, Ana Luisa; Mori, Hidetoshi; Bissell, Mina J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Correia, Ana Luisa] Univ Porto, Abel Salazar Biomed Sci Inst, Grad Program Areas Basic & Appl Biol, P-4050313 Oporto, Portugal. [Chen, Emily I.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Pharmacol Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Chen, Emily I.] SUNY Stony Brook, Prote Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Schmitt, Fernando C.] Univ Porto, Inst Mol Pathol & Immunol, Fac Med Porto, P-4200465 Oporto, Portugal. RP Bissell, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mjbissell@lbl.gov RI Schmitt, Fernando/A-5270-2008; Correia, Ana Luisa/E-9738-2012; OI Schmitt, Fernando/0000-0002-3711-8681; Correia, Ana Luisa/0000-0003-2414-0131 FU Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [SFRH/BD/33249/2007]; National Cancer Institute [R37CA064786, U54CA126552, R01CA057621, U54CA112970, U01CA143233, U54CA143836]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research and Low-Dose Radiation Program [DE-AC02-05CH1123]; U.S. Department of Defense [W81XWH0810736]; The Breast Cancer Research Foundation; Manhasset Women's Coalition Against Breast Cancer; Carol M. Baldwin Foundation For Breast Cancer Research FX We thank Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso and Cyrus Ghajar for critical reading of the manuscript, Joao Guimaraes for helpful suggestions and assistance with R software, Derek Radisky for initial advice, and Richard Schwarz, Joni Mott, Douglas Brownfield, Alvin Lo, and Joana Paredes for their constructive discussion and help. This work was supported by a predoctoral Fellowship (SFRH/BD/33249/2007) from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology awarded to A. L. C. The work from M.J.B.'s laboratory is supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute (awards R37CA064786, U54CA126552, R01CA057621, U54CA112970, U01CA143233, and U54CA143836, Bay Area Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California); from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research and Low-Dose Radiation Program (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH1123); and from the U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH0810736) and in part by a grant from The Breast Cancer Research Foundation. E.I.C. is supported by grants from Manhasset Women's Coalition Against Breast Cancer and Carol M. Baldwin Foundation For Breast Cancer Research. NR 49 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT PI COLD SPRING HARBOR PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA SN 0890-9369 J9 GENE DEV JI Genes Dev. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 27 IS 7 BP 805 EP 817 DI 10.1101/gad.211383.112 PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 125YL UT WOS:000317578000009 PM 23592797 ER PT J AU Hejazi, M Edmonds, J Chaturvedi, V Davies, E Eom, J AF Hejazi, Mohamad Edmonds, James Chaturvedi, Vaibhav Davies, Evan Eom, Jiyong TI Scenarios of global municipal water-use demand projections over the 21st century SO HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES LA English DT Article DE municipal water; domestic water; water demand; water price; technology; efficiency; population; income; climate policy; scenarios; GCAM ID FUTURE; RESOURCES; AVAILABILITY; FRAMEWORK; SCARCITY; WORLD AB Three future projections of global municipal water use are established: business-as usual (BAU), low technological improvement (Low Tech), and high technological improvement (High Tech). A global municipal water demand model is constructed using global water-use statistics at the country scale, calibrated to the base year of 2005, and simulated to the end of the 21st century. Since the constructed water demand model hinges on socio-economic variables (population, income), water price, and end-use technology and efficiency improvement rates, projections of those input variables are adopted to characterize the uncertainty in future water demand estimates. The water demand model is linked to the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM), a global change integrated assessment model. Under the reference (BAU) scenario, the global total water withdrawal increases from 466 km(3) year(1) in 2005 to 1098 km(3) year(1) in 2100, while withdrawals in the High and Low Tech scenarios are 437 and 2000 km(3) year(1), respectively. Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz; Associate editor D. Gerten Citation Hejazi, M., Edmonds, J., Chaturvedi, V., Davies, E., and Eom, J.Y., 2013. Scenarios of global municipal water use demand projections over the 21st century. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 58 (3), 519538 C1 [Hejazi, Mohamad; Edmonds, James; Chaturvedi, Vaibhav; Eom, Jiyong] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD USA. [Davies, Evan] Univ Alberta, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. RP Hejazi, M (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD USA. EM mohamad.hejazi@pnnl.gov RI Eom, Jiyong/A-1161-2014; Davies, Evan/A-3379-2008 OI Davies, Evan/0000-0003-0536-333X FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The authors are grateful for research support provided by the Integrated Assessment Research Program in the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC05-76RL01830. The views and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors alone. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 24 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0262-6667 J9 HYDROLOG SCI J JI Hydrol. Sci. J.-J. Sci. Hydrol. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 58 IS 3 BP 519 EP 538 DI 10.1080/02626667.2013.772301 PG 20 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 129KQ UT WOS:000317838400003 ER PT J AU Iza, F Ekdahl, C Kong, MG AF Iza, Felipe Ekdahl, Carl Kong, Michael G. TI Special Issue on Plenary and Invited Papers From ICOPS 2012 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Iza, Felipe] Univ Loughborough, Sch Elect Elect & Syst Engn, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England. [Ekdahl, Carl] Los Alamos Natl Lab, DARHT Accelerator Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kong, Michael G.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Iza, F (reprint author), Univ Loughborough, Sch Elect Elect & Syst Engn, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England. RI kong, michael/I-1574-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 41 IS 4 SI SI BP 637 EP 638 DI 10.1109/TPS.2013.2253357 PN 1 PG 2 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 130MK UT WOS:000317921400001 ER PT J AU Balsara, NP Newman, J AF Balsara, Nitash P. Newman, John TI Comparing the Energy Content of Batteries, Fuels, and Materials SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE First-Year Undergraduate/General; Upper-Division Undergraduate; Chemical Engineering; Physical Chemistry; Textbooks/Reference Books; Alcohols; Alkanes/Cycloalkanes; Industrial Chemistry; Electrolytic/Galvanic Cells/Potentials; Thermodynamics ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AB A methodology for calculating the theoretical and practical specific energies of rechargeable batteries, fuels, and materials is presented. The methodology enables comparison of the energy content of diverse systems such as the lithium-ion battery, hydrocarbons, and ammonia. The methodology is relevant for evaluating the possibility of using batteries and renewable fuels in the transportation and grid sectors where fossil fuels are traditionally used as energy sources. It is also relevant for choosing alternatives to petrochemicals for sustainable production of commodity materials. Instructors may consider introducing the proposed methodology in an introductory chemistry class. C1 [Balsara, Nitash P.; Newman, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balsara, Nitash P.; Newman, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Newman, John] Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Balsara, NP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nbalsara@berkeley.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This paper was motivated by work done by the PIs in the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program under Contract No: DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank Evren Oscam, Anna Javier, Adriana Rojas, and Douglas Greer for their help with the manuscript. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 77 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD APR PY 2013 VL 90 IS 4 BP 446 EP 452 DI 10.1021/ed3004066 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA 128VZ UT WOS:000317799100010 ER PT J AU Zoerb, MC Harris, CB AF Zoerb, Matthew C. Harris, Charles B. TI A Simulation Program for Dynamic Infrared (IR) Spectra SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE Upper-Division Undergraduate; Physical Chemistry; Computer-Based Learning; IR Spectroscopy; Kinetics ID VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; BLOCH EQUATIONS; BANDS; TEMPERATURE AB A free program for the simulation of dynamic infrared (IR) spectra is presented. The program simulates the spectrum of two exchanging IR peaks based on simple input parameters. Larger systems can be simulated with minor modifications. The program is available as an executable program for PCs or can be run in MATLAB on any operating system. Source code is also provided to encourage computer coding projects based on the program. The program is useful for upper-division undergraduates and demonstrates several important concepts from physical chemistry. Example exercises based on the program are included. C1 [Zoerb, Matthew C.; Harris, Charles B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Harris, Charles B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Harris, CB (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cbharris@berkeley.edu FU National Science Foundation [0909632] FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0909632. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD APR PY 2013 VL 90 IS 4 BP 506 EP 507 DI 10.1021/ed3006852 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA 128VZ UT WOS:000317799100023 ER PT J AU Abreu, P Aglietta, M Ahlers, M Ahn, EJ Albuquerque, IFM Allekotte, I Allen, J Allison, P Almela, A Castillo, JA Alvarez-Muniz, J Batista, RA Ambrosio, M Aminaei, A Anchordoqui, L Andringa, S Anticic, T Aramo, C Arqueros, F Asorey, H Assis, P Aublin, J Ave, M Avenier, M Avila, G Badescu, AM Barber, KB Barbosa, AF Bardenet, R Baughman, B Bauml, J Baus, C Beatty, JJ Becker, KH Belletoile, A Bellido, JA BenZvi, S Berat, C Bertou, X Biermann, PL Billoir, P Blanco, F Blanco, M Bleve, C Blumer, H Bohacova, M Boncioli, D Bonifazi, C Bonino, R Borodai, N Brack, J Brancus, I Brogueira, P Brown, WC Buchholz, P Bueno, A Buroker, L Burton, RE Buscemi, M Caballero-Mora, KS Caccianiga, B Caccianiga, L Caramete, L Caruso, R Castellina, A Cataldi, G Cazon, L Cester, R Cheng, SH Chiavassa, A Chinellato, JA Chudoba, J Cilmo, M Clay, RW Cocciolo, G Coco, M Colalillo, R Collica, L Coluccia, MR Conceicao, R Contreras, F Cook, H Cooper, MJ Coutu, S Covault, CE Criss, A Cronin, J Curutiu, A Dallier, R Daniel, B Dasso, S Daumiller, K Dawson, BR de Almeida, RM De Domenico, M de Jong, SJ De La Vega, G de Mello, WJM de Mello Neto, JRT De Mitri, I de Souza, V de Vries, KD del Peral, L Deligny, O Dembinski, H Dhital, N Di Giulio, C Diaz, JC Castro, MLD Diep, PN Diogo, F Dobrigkeit, C Docters, W D'Olivo, JC Dong, PN Dorofeev, A dos Anjos, JC Dova, MT D'Urso, D Ebr, J Engel, R Erdmann, M Escobar, CO Espadanal, J Etchegoyen, A Luis, PFS Falcke, H Fang, K Farrar, G Fauth, AC Fazzini, N Ferguson, AP Fick, B Figueira, JM Filevich, A Filipcic, A Fliescher, S Fox, BD Fracchiolla, CE Fraenkel, ED Fratu, O Frohlich, U Fuchs, B Gaior, R Gamarra, RF Gambetta, S Garcia, B Roca, STG Garcia-Gamez, D Garcia-Pinto, D Garilli, G Bravo, AG Gemmeke, H Ghia, PL Giller, M Gitto, J Glaser, C Glass, H Golup, G Albarracin, FG Berisso, MG Vitale, PFG Goncalves, P Gonzalez, JG Gookin, B Gorgi, A Gorham, P Gouffon, P Grebe, S Griffith, N Grillo, AF Grubb, TD Guardincerri, Y Guarino, F Guedes, GP Hansen, P Harari, D Harrison, TA Harton, JL Haungs, A Hebbeker, T Heck, D Herve, AE Hill, GC Hojvat, C Hollon, N Holmes, VC Homola, P Horandel, JR Horvath, P Hrabovsky, M Huber, D Huege, T Insolia, A Jansen, S Jarne, C Jiraskova, S Josebachuili, M Kadija, K Kampert, KH Karhan, P Kasper, P Katkov, I Kegl, B Keilhauer, B Keivani, A Kelley, JL Kemp, E Kieckhafer, RM Klages, HO Kleifges, M Kleinfeller, J Knapp, J Krause, R Krohm, N Kromer, O Kruppke-Hansen, D Kuempel, D Kulbartz, JK Kunka, N La Rosa, G LaHurd, D Latronico, L Lauer, R Lauscher, M Lautridou, P Le Coz, S Leao, MSAB Lebrun, D Lebrun, P de Oliveira, MAL Letessier-Selvon, A Lhenry-Yvon, I Link, K Lopez, R Aguera, AL Louedec, K Bahilo, JL Lu, L Lucero, A Ludwig, M Lyberis, H Maccarone, MC Macolino, C Malacari, M Maldera, S Maller, J Mandat, D Mantsch, P Mariazzi, AG Marin, J Marin, V Maris, IC Falcon, HRM Marsella, G Martello, D Martin, L Martinez, H Bravo, OM Martraire, D Meza, JJM Mathes, HJ Matthews, J Matthews, JAJ Matthiae, G Maurel, D Maurizio, D Mayotte, E Mazur, PO Medina-Tanco, G Melissas, M Melo, D Menichetti, E Menshikov, A Messina, S Meyhandan, R Micanovic, S Micheletti, MI Middendorf, L Minaya, IA Miramonti, L Mitrica, B Molina-Bueno, L Mollerach, S Monasor, M Ragaigne, DM Montanet, F Morales, B Morello, C Moreno, JC Mostafa, M Moura, CA Muller, MA Muller, G Munchmeyer, M Mussa, R Navarra, G Navarro, JL Navas, S Necesal, P Nellen, L Nelles, A Neuser, J Nhung, PT Niechciol, M Niemietz, L Nierstenhoefer, N Niggemann, T Nitz, D Nosek, D Nozka, L Oehlschlager, J Olinto, A Oliveira, M Ortiz, M Pacheco, N Selmi-Dei, DP Palatka, M Pallotta, J Palmieri, N Parente, G Parra, A Pastor, S Paul, T Pech, M Pekala, J Pelayo, R Pepe, IM Perrone, L Pesce, R Petermann, E Petrera, S Petrolini, A Petrov, Y Pfendner, C Piegaia, R Pierog, T Pieroni, P Pimenta, M Pirronello, V Platino, M Plum, M Ponce, VH Pontz, M Porcelli, A Privitera, P Prouza, M Quel, EJ Querchfeld, S Rautenberg, J Ravel, O Ravignani, D Revenu, B Ridky, J Riggi, S Risse, M Ristori, P Rivera, H Rizi, V Roberts, J Roberts, MD de Carvalho, WR Cabo, IR Fernandez, GR Martino, JR Rojo, JR Rodriguez-Frias, MD Ros, G Rosado, J Rossler, T Roth, M Rouille-d'Orfeuil, B Roulet, E Rovero, AC Ruhle, C Saffi, SJ Saftoiu, A Salamida, F Salazar, H Greus, FS Salina, G Sanchez, F Santo, CE Santos, E Santos, EM Sarazin, F Sarkar, B Sato, R Scharf, N Scherini, V Schieler, H Schiffer, P Schmidt, A Scholten, O Schoorlemmer, H Schovancova, J Schovanek, P Schroder, FG Schulz, J Schuster, D Sciutto, SJ Scuderi, M Segreto, A Settimo, M Shadkam, A Shellard, RC Sidelnik, I Sigl, G Sima, O Smialkowski, A Smida, R Snow, GR Sommers, P Sorokin, J Spinka, H Squartini, R Srivastava, YN Stanic, S Stapleton, J Stasielak, J Stephan, M Straub, M Stutz, A Suarez, F Suomijarvi, T Supanitsky, AD Susa, T Sutherland, MS Swain, J Szadkowski, Z Szuba, M Tapia, A Tartare, M Tascau, O Tcaciuc, R Thao, NT Thomas, D Tiffenberg, J Timmermans, C Tkaczyk, W Peixoto, CJT Toma, G Tomankova, L Tome, B Tonachini, A Elipe, GT Machado, DT Travnicek, P Tridapalli, DB Trovato, E Tueros, M Ulrich, R Unger, M Urban, M Galicia, JFV Valino, I Valore, L van Aar, G van den Berg, AM van Velzen, S van Vliet, A Varela, E Cardenas, BV Varner, G Vazquez, JR Vazquez, RA Veberic, D Verzi, V Vicha, J Videla, M Villasenor, L Wahlberg, H Wahrlich, P Wainberg, O Walz, D Watson, AA Weber, M Weidenhaupt, K Weindl, A Werner, F Westerhoff, S Whelan, BJ Widom, A Wieczorek, G Wiencke, L Wilczynska, B Wilczynski, H Will, M Williams, C Winchen, T Wundheiler, B Yamamoto, T Yapici, T Younk, P Yuan, G Yushkov, A Garcia, BZ Zas, E Zavrtanik, D Zavrtanik, M Zaw, I Zepeda, A Zhou, J Zhu, Y Silva, MZ Ziolkowski, M AF Abreu, P. Aglietta, M. Ahlers, M. Ahn, E. J. Albuquerque, I. F. M. Allekotte, I. Allen, J. Allison, P. Almela, A. Castillo, J. Alvarez Alvarez-Muniz, J. Batista, R. Alves Ambrosio, M. Aminaei, A. Anchordoqui, L. Andringa, S. Anticic, T. Aramo, C. Arqueros, F. Asorey, H. Assis, P. Aublin, J. Ave, M. Avenier, M. Avila, G. Badescu, A. M. Barber, K. B. Barbosa, A. F. Bardenet, R. Baughman, B. Bauml, J. Baus, C. Beatty, J. J. Becker, K. H. Belletoile, A. Bellido, J. A. BenZvi, S. Berat, C. Bertou, X. Biermann, P. L. Billoir, P. Blanco, F. Blanco, M. Bleve, C. Blumer, H. Bohacova, M. Boncioli, D. Bonifazi, C. Bonino, R. Borodai, N. Brack, J. Brancus, I. Brogueira, P. Brown, W. C. Buchholz, P. Bueno, A. Buroker, L. Burton, R. E. Buscemi, M. Caballero-Mora, K. S. Caccianiga, B. Caccianiga, L. Caramete, L. Caruso, R. Castellina, A. Cataldi, G. Cazon, L. Cester, R. Cheng, S. H. Chiavassa, A. Chinellato, J. A. Chudoba, J. Cilmo, M. Clay, R. W. Cocciolo, G. Coco, M. Colalillo, R. Collica, L. Coluccia, M. R. Conceicao, R. Contreras, F. Cook, H. Cooper, M. J. Coutu, S. Covault, C. E. Criss, A. Cronin, J. Curutiu, A. Dallier, R. Daniel, B. Dasso, S. Daumiller, K. Dawson, B. R. de Almeida, R. M. De Domenico, M. de Jong, S. J. De La Vega, G. de Mello, W. J. M., Jr. de Mello Neto, J. R. T. De Mitri, I. de Souza, V. de Vries, K. D. del Peral, L. Deligny, O. Dembinski, H. Dhital, N. Di Giulio, C. Diaz, J. C. Castro, M. L. Diaz Diep, P. N. Diogo, F. Dobrigkeit, C. Docters, W. D'Olivo, J. C. Dong, P. N. Dorofeev, A. dos Anjos, J. C. Dova, M. T. D'Urso, D. Ebr, J. Engel, R. Erdmann, M. Escobar, C. O. Espadanal, J. Etchegoyen, A. Luis, P. Facal San Falcke, H. Fang, K. Farrar, G. Fauth, A. C. Fazzini, N. Ferguson, A. P. Fick, B. Figueira, J. M. Filevich, A. Filipcic, A. Fliescher, S. Fox, B. D. Fracchiolla, C. E. Fraenkel, E. D. Fratu, O. Frohlich, U. Fuchs, B. Gaior, R. Gamarra, R. F. Gambetta, S. Garcia, B. Roca, S. T. Garcia Garcia-Gamez, D. Garcia-Pinto, D. Garilli, G. Bravo, A. Gascon Gemmeke, H. Ghia, P. L. Giller, M. Gitto, J. Glaser, C. Glass, H. Golup, G. Albarracin, F. Gomez Berisso, M. Gomez Vitale, P. F. Gomez Goncalves, P. Gonzalez, J. G. Gookin, B. Gorgi, A. Gorham, P. Gouffon, P. Grebe, S. Griffith, N. Grillo, A. F. Grubb, T. D. Guardincerri, Y. Guarino, F. Guedes, G. P. Hansen, P. Harari, D. Harrison, T. A. Harton, J. L. Haungs, A. Hebbeker, T. Heck, D. Herve, A. E. Hill, G. C. Hojvat, C. Hollon, N. Holmes, V. C. Homola, P. Horandel, J. R. Horvath, P. Hrabovsky, M. Huber, D. Huege, T. Insolia, A. Jansen, S. Jarne, C. Jiraskova, S. Josebachuili, M. Kadija, K. Kampert, K. H. Karhan, P. Kasper, P. Katkov, I. Kegl, B. Keilhauer, B. Keivani, A. Kelley, J. L. Kemp, E. Kieckhafer, R. M. Klages, H. O. Kleifges, M. Kleinfeller, J. Knapp, J. Krause, R. Krohm, N. Kromer, O. Kruppke-Hansen, D. Kuempel, D. Kulbartz, J. K. Kunka, N. La Rosa, G. LaHurd, D. Latronico, L. Lauer, R. Lauscher, M. Lautridou, P. Le Coz, S. Leao, M. S. A. B. Lebrun, D. Lebrun, P. de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui Letessier-Selvon, A. Lhenry-Yvon, I. Link, K. Lopez, R. Aguera, A. Lopez Louedec, K. Bahilo, J. Lozano Lu, L. Lucero, A. Ludwig, M. Lyberis, H. Maccarone, M. C. Macolino, C. Malacari, M. Maldera, S. Maller, J. Mandat, D. Mantsch, P. Mariazzi, A. G. Marin, J. Marin, V. Maris, I. C. Falcon, H. R. Marquez Marsella, G. Martello, D. Martin, L. Martinez, H. Bravo, O. Martinez Martraire, D. Meza, J. J. Masias Mathes, H. J. Matthews, J. Matthews, J. A. J. Matthiae, G. Maurel, D. Maurizio, D. Mayotte, E. Mazur, P. O. Medina-Tanco, G. Melissas, M. Melo, D. Menichetti, E. Menshikov, A. Messina, S. Meyhandan, R. Micanovic, S. Micheletti, M. I. Middendorf, L. Minaya, I. A. Miramonti, L. Mitrica, B. Molina-Bueno, L. Mollerach, S. Monasor, M. Ragaigne, D. Monnier Montanet, F. Morales, B. Morello, C. Moreno, J. C. Mostafa, M. Moura, C. A. Muller, M. A. Muller, G. Munchmeyer, M. Mussa, R. Navarra, G. Navarro, J. L. Navas, S. Necesal, P. Nellen, L. Nelles, A. 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Greus, F. Salesa Salina, G. Sanchez, F. Santo, C. E. Santos, E. Santos, E. M. Sarazin, F. Sarkar, B. Sato, R. Scharf, N. Scherini, V. Schieler, H. Schiffer, P. Schmidt, A. Scholten, O. Schoorlemmer, H. Schovancova, J. Schovanek, P. Schroder, F. G. Schulz, J. Schuster, D. Sciutto, S. J. Scuderi, M. Segreto, A. Settimo, M. Shadkam, A. Shellard, R. C. Sidelnik, I. Sigl, G. Sima, O. Smialkowski, A. Smida, R. Snow, G. R. Sommers, P. Sorokin, J. Spinka, H. Squartini, R. Srivastava, Y. N. Stanic, S. Stapleton, J. Stasielak, J. Stephan, M. Straub, M. Stutz, A. Suarez, F. Suomijarvi, T. Supanitsky, A. D. Susa, T. Sutherland, M. S. Swain, J. Szadkowski, Z. Szuba, M. Tapia, A. Tartare, M. Tascau, O. Tcaciuc, R. Thao, N. T. Thomas, D. Tiffenberg, J. Timmermans, C. Tkaczyk, W. Peixoto, C. J. Todero Toma, G. Tomankova, L. Tome, B. Tonachini, A. Elipe, G. Torralba Machado, D. Torres Travnicek, P. Tridapalli, D. B. Trovato, E. Tueros, M. Ulrich, R. Unger, M. Urban, M. Galicia, J. F. Valdes Valino, I. Valore, L. van Aar, G. van den Berg, A. M. van Velzen, S. van Vliet, A. Varela, E. Cardenas, B. Vargas Varner, G. Vazquez, J. R. Vazquez, R. A. Veberic, D. Verzi, V. Vicha, J. Videla, M. Villasenor, L. Wahlberg, H. Wahrlich, P. Wainberg, O. Walz, D. Watson, A. A. Weber, M. Weidenhaupt, K. Weindl, A. Werner, F. Westerhoff, S. Whelan, B. J. Widom, A. Wieczorek, G. Wiencke, L. Wilczynska, B. Wilczynski, H. Will, M. Williams, C. Winchen, T. Wundheiler, B. Yamamoto, T. Yapici, T. Younk, P. Yuan, G. Yushkov, A. Garcia, B. Zamorano Zas, E. Zavrtanik, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zaw, I. Zepeda, A. Zhou, J. Zhu, Y. Silva, M. Zimbres Ziolkowski, M. CA Pierre Auger Collaborat TI Techniques for measuring aerosol attenuation using the Central Laser Facility at the Pierre Auger Observatory SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Data analysis; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers, sources, particle-beams) ID ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS; SYSTEM AB The Pierre Auger Observatory in Malargue, Argentina, is designed to study the properties of ultra-high energy cosmic rays with energies above 10(18) eV. It is a hybrid facility that employs a Fluorescence Detector to perform nearly calorimetric measurements of Extensive Air Shower energies. To obtain reliable calorimetric information from the FD, the atmospheric conditions at the observatory need to be continuously monitored during data acquisition. In particular, light attenuation due to aerosols is an important atmospheric correction. The aerosol concentration is highly variable, so that the aerosol attenuation needs to be evaluated hourly. We use light from the Central Laser Facility, located near the center of the observatory site, having an optical signature comparable to that of the highest energy showers detected by the FD. This paper presents two procedures developed to retrieve the aerosol attenuation of fluorescence light from CLF laser shots. Cross checks between the two methods demonstrate that results from both analyses are compatible, and that the uncertainties are well understood. The measurements of the aerosol attenuation provided by the two procedures are currently used at the Pierre Auger Observatory to reconstruct air shower data. C1 [Allekotte, I.; Asorey, H.; Bertou, X.; Golup, G.; Berisso, M. Gomez; Harari, D.; Mollerach, S.; Ponce, V. H.; Roulet, E.; Sidelnik, I.] Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Allekotte, I.; Asorey, H.; Bertou, X.; Golup, G.; Berisso, M. Gomez; Harari, D.; Mollerach, S.; Ponce, V. H.; Roulet, E.; Sidelnik, I.] Inst Balseiro CNEA UNCuyo CONICET, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Pallotta, J.; Quel, E. J.; Ristori, P.] CITEDEF, Ctr Invest Laseres & Aplicac, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Pallotta, J.; Quel, E. J.; Ristori, P.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Dasso, S.; Guardincerri, Y.; Meza, J. J. Masias; Piegaia, R.; Pieroni, P.; Tiffenberg, J.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, FCEyN, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Dasso, S.; Guardincerri, Y.; Meza, J. J. Masias; Piegaia, R.; Pieroni, P.; Tiffenberg, J.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Dova, M. T.; Albarracin, F. Gomez; Hansen, P.; Jarne, C.; Mariazzi, A. G.; Moreno, J. C.; Sciutto, S. J.; Wahlberg, H.] Univ Nacl Plata, IFLP, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Dova, M. T.; Albarracin, F. Gomez; Hansen, P.; Jarne, C.; Mariazzi, A. G.; Moreno, J. C.; Sciutto, S. J.; Wahlberg, H.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Dasso, S.; Rovero, A. C.; Supanitsky, A. D.] CONICET UBA, Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Micheletti, M. I.] CONICET UNR, IFIR, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. [Micheletti, M. I.] UNR, Fac Ciencias Bioquim & Farmaceut, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. [Almela, A.; Etchegoyen, A.; Figueira, J. M.; Filevich, A.; Gamarra, R. F.; Josebachuili, M.; Lucero, A.; Melo, D.; Platino, M.; Ravignani, D.; Sanchez, F.; Schroder, F. G.; Suarez, F.; Tapia, A.; Wainberg, O.; Wundheiler, B.] CNEA CONICET UNSAM, Inst Tecnol Detecc & Astroparticulas, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [De La Vega, G.; Garcia, B.; Gitto, J.; Videla, M.] Natl Technol Univ, Fac Mendoza CONICET CNEA, Mendoza, Argentina. [Contreras, F.; Kleinfeller, J.; Marin, J.; Martino, J. Rodriguez; Rojo, J. Rodriguez; Sato, R.; Squartini, R.] Observ Pierre Auger, Malargue, Argentina. [Avila, G.; Vitale, P. F. Gomez] Observ Pierre Auger, Malargue, Argentina. [Avila, G.; Vitale, P. F. Gomez] Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Malargue, Argentina. [Almela, A.; Etchegoyen, A.; Wainberg, O.] Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Barber, K. B.; Bellido, J. A.; Clay, R. W.; Cooper, M. J.; Dawson, B. R.; Grubb, T. D.; Harrison, T. A.; Herve, A. E.; Hill, G. C.; Holmes, V. C.; Malacari, M.; Saffi, S. J.; Sorokin, J.; Wahrlich, P.] Univ Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Barbosa, A. F.; Castro, M. L. Diaz; dos Anjos, J. C.; Maurizio, D.; Shellard, R. C.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [de Souza, V.; Peixoto, C. J. Todero] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Albuquerque, I. F. M.; Gouffon, P.; Tridapalli, D. B.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Batista, R. Alves; Chinellato, J. A.; Daniel, B.; de Mello, W. J. M., Jr.; Dobrigkeit, C.; Escobar, C. O.; Fauth, A. C.; Kemp, E.; Muller, M. A.; Selmi-Dei, D. Pakk; Silva, M. Zimbres] Univ Estadual Campinas, IFGW, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Guedes, G. P.] Univ Estadual Feira de Santana, Feira De Santana, BA, Brazil. [Pepe, I. M.] Univ Fed Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil. [Leao, M. S. A. B.; de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui; Moura, C. A.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil. [Bonifazi, C.; de Mello Neto, J. R. T.; Lyberis, H.; Santos, E. M.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [de Almeida, R. M.] Univ Fed Fluminense, EEIMVR, Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil. [Anticic, T.; Kadija, K.; Micanovic, S.; Susa, T.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Karhan, P.; Nosek, D.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Bohacova, M.; Chudoba, J.; Ebr, J.; Hrabovsky, M.; Mandat, D.; Necesal, P.; Nozka, L.; Palatka, M.; Pech, M.; Prouza, M.; Ridky, J.; Schovancova, J.; Schovanek, P.; Travnicek, P.; Vicha, J.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Horvath, P.; Hrabovsky, M.; Rossler, T.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Deligny, O.; Dong, P. N.; Lhenry-Yvon, I.; Lyberis, H.; Martraire, D.; Salamida, F.; Suomijarvi, T.] Univ Paris 11, IPNO, CNRS, IN2P3, Orsay, France. [Bardenet, R.; Garcia-Gamez, D.; Kegl, B.; Louedec, K.; Ragaigne, D. Monnier; Urban, M.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. [Aublin, J.; Billoir, P.; Blanco, M.; Caccianiga, L.; Gaior, R.; Ghia, P. L.; Letessier-Selvon, A.; Macolino, C.; Maris, I. C.; Munchmeyer, M.] Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, Paris, France. [Aublin, J.; Billoir, P.; Blanco, M.; Caccianiga, L.; Gaior, R.; Ghia, P. L.; Letessier-Selvon, A.; Macolino, C.; Maris, I. C.; Munchmeyer, M.] Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France. [Avenier, M.; Berat, C.; Le Coz, S.; Lebrun, D.; Louedec, K.; Montanet, F.; Stutz, A.; Tartare, M.] Univ Joseph Fourier Grenoble, LPSC, CNRS, IN2P3, Grenoble INP, France. [Dallier, R.; Martin, L.] CNRS INSU, Stn Radioastronomie Nancay, Observ Paris, Paris, France. [Belletoile, A.; Dallier, R.; Lautridou, P.; Maller, J.; Marin, V.; Martin, L.; Ravel, O.; Revenu, B.; Machado, D. Torres] Univ Nantes, SUBATECH, Ecole Mines Nantes, CNRS,IN2P3, F-44035 Nantes, France. [Becker, K. H.; Bleve, C.; Kampert, K. H.; Krohm, N.; Kruppke-Hansen, D.; Neuser, J.; Niemietz, L.; Nierstenhoefer, N.; Querchfeld, S.; Rautenberg, J.; Sarkar, B.; Tascau, O.; Silva, M. Zimbres] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany. [Bauml, J.; Blumer, H.; Daumiller, K.; Dembinski, H.; Engel, R.; Figueira, J. M.; Haungs, A.; Heck, D.; Huege, T.; Josebachuili, M.; Keilhauer, B.; Klages, H. O.; Kleinfeller, J.; Mathes, H. J.; Maurel, D.; Oehlschlager, J.; Pierog, T.; Porcelli, A.; Roth, M.; Schieler, H.; Schroder, F. G.; Smida, R.; Szuba, M.; Tomankova, L.; Ulrich, R.; Unger, M.; Weindl, A.; Werner, F.; Will, M.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Gemmeke, H.; Kleifges, M.; Kromer, O.; Kunka, N.; Menshikov, A.; Ruhle, C.; Schmidt, A.; Weber, M.; Zhu, Y.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Prozessdatenverarbeitung & Elekt, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Baus, C.; Blumer, H.; Fuchs, B.; Gonzalez, J. G.; Huber, D.; Katkov, I.; Link, K.; Ludwig, M.; Melissas, M.; Palmieri, N.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IEKP, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Biermann, P. L.; Caramete, L.; Curutiu, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Bonn, Germany. [Erdmann, M.; Fliescher, S.; Glaser, C.; Hebbeker, T.; Krause, R.; Kuempel, D.; Lauscher, M.; Middendorf, L.; Muller, G.; Niggemann, T.; Plum, M.; Scharf, N.; Stephan, M.; Straub, M.; Walz, D.; Weidenhaupt, K.; Winchen, T.] RWTH Aachen Univ III, Physikal Inst A, Aachen, Germany. [Kulbartz, J. K.; Schiffer, P.; Sigl, G.; van Vliet, A.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Buchholz, P.; Frohlich, U.; Niechciol, M.; Pontz, M.; Risse, M.; Settimo, M.; Tcaciuc, R.; Younk, P.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, D-57068 Siegen, Germany. [Gambetta, S.; Pesce, R.; Petrolini, A.] Dipartimento Fis Univ, Genoa, Italy. [Gambetta, S.; Pesce, R.; Petrolini, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Petrera, S.; Rizi, V.] Univ Aquila, Laquila, Italy. [Petrera, S.; Rizi, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Laquila, Italy. [Caccianiga, B.; Collica, L.; Miramonti, L.; Rivera, H.; Scherini, V.] Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. [Caccianiga, B.; Collica, L.; Miramonti, L.; Rivera, H.; Scherini, V.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Milan, Italy. [Ambrosio, M.; Aramo, C.; Buscemi, M.; Cilmo, M.; Colalillo, R.; D'Urso, D.; Guarino, F.; Valore, L.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Ambrosio, M.; Aramo, C.; Buscemi, M.; Cilmo, M.; Colalillo, R.; D'Urso, D.; Guarino, F.; Valore, L.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Naples, Italy. [Boncioli, D.; Di Giulio, C.; Matthiae, G.; Fernandez, G. Rodriguez; Salina, G.; Verzi, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, I-00173 Rome, Italy. [Boncioli, D.; Di Giulio, C.; Matthiae, G.; Fernandez, G. Rodriguez; Salina, G.; Verzi, V.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Rome, Italy. [Caruso, R.; De Domenico, M.; Garilli, G.; Insolia, A.; Pirronello, V.; Scuderi, M.; Trovato, E.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Caruso, R.; De Domenico, M.; Garilli, G.; Insolia, A.; Pirronello, V.; Scuderi, M.; Trovato, E.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Catania, Italy. [Cester, R.; Maurizio, D.; Menichetti, E.; Mussa, R.; Tonachini, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Cester, R.; Maurizio, D.; Menichetti, E.; Mussa, R.; Tonachini, A.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Turin, Italy. [Cataldi, G.; Cocciolo, G.; Coluccia, M. R.; De Mitri, I.; Marsella, G.; Martello, D.; Perrone, L.; Settimo, M.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat Fis E Giorgi, Lecce, Italy. [Cataldi, G.; Cocciolo, G.; Coluccia, M. R.; De Mitri, I.; Marsella, G.; Martello, D.; Perrone, L.; Settimo, M.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lecce, Italy. [La Rosa, G.; Maccarone, M. C.; Riggi, S.; Segreto, A.] Ist Astrofis Spaziale Fis Cosm Palermo, INAF, Palermo, Italy. [Aglietta, M.; Bonino, R.; Castellina, A.; Chiavassa, A.; Gorgi, A.; Latronico, L.; Lucero, A.; Maldera, S.; Marin, J.; Morello, C.; Navarra, G.] Univ Torino, Ist Fis Spazio Interplanetario, INAF, Turin, Italy. [Aglietta, M.; Bonino, R.; Castellina, A.; Chiavassa, A.; Gorgi, A.; Latronico, L.; Lucero, A.; Maldera, S.; Marin, J.; Morello, C.; Navarra, G.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Turin, Italy. [Grillo, A. F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazionali Gran Sasso, Laquila, Italy. [Lopez, R.; Bravo, O. Martinez; Pelayo, R.; Salazar, H.; Varela, E.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Martinez, H.; Zepeda, A.] CINVESTAV, Ctr Invest Estudios Avanzados IPN, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Falcon, H. R. Marquez; Villasenor, L.] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. [Castillo, J. Alvarez; D'Olivo, J. C.; Medina-Tanco, G.; Morales, B.; Nellen, L.; Galicia, J. F. Valdes; Cardenas, B. Vargas] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Aminaei, A.; de Jong, S. J.; Falcke, H.; Grebe, S.; Horandel, J. R.; Jansen, S.; Jiraskova, S.; Kelley, J. L.; Nelles, A.; Schoorlemmer, H.; Schulz, J.; Timmermans, C.; van Aar, G.; van Velzen, S.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [de Vries, K. D.; Docters, W.; Fraenkel, E. D.; Messina, S.; Scholten, O.; van den Berg, A. M.] Univ Groningen, Kernfys Versneller Inst, Groningen, Netherlands. [de Jong, S. J.; Falcke, H.; Grebe, S.; Horandel, J. R.; Jansen, S.; Nelles, A.; Schoorlemmer, H.; Timmermans, C.] Nikhef, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Falcke, H.] ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Borodai, N.; Homola, P.; Pekala, J.; Stasielak, J.; Wilczynska, B.; Wilczynski, H.] Inst Nucl Phys PAN, Krakow, Poland. [Giller, M.; Smialkowski, A.; Szadkowski, Z.; Tkaczyk, W.; Wieczorek, G.] Univ Lodz, PL-90131 Lodz, Poland. [Abreu, P.; Andringa, S.; Assis, P.; Brogueira, P.; Cazon, L.; Conceicao, R.; Diogo, F.; Espadanal, J.; Goncalves, P.; Oliveira, M.; Pimenta, M.; Santo, C. E.; Santos, E.; Tome, B.] Univ Tecn Lisboa, LIP, P-1100 Lisbon, Portugal. [Abreu, P.; Andringa, S.; Assis, P.; Brogueira, P.; Cazon, L.; Conceicao, R.; Diogo, F.; Espadanal, J.; Goncalves, P.; Oliveira, M.; Pimenta, M.; Santo, C. E.; Santos, E.; Tome, B.] Univ Tecn Lisboa, Inst Super Tecn, P-1100 Lisbon, Portugal. [Brancus, I.; Mitrica, B.; Saftoiu, A.; Toma, G.] Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Sima, O.] Univ Bucharest, Dept Phys, Bucharest, Romania. [Badescu, A. M.; Fratu, O.] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania. [Filipcic, A.; Veberic, D.; Zavrtanik, D.; Zavrtanik, M.] J Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Filipcic, A.; Stanic, S.; Veberic, D.; Zavrtanik, D.; Zavrtanik, M.] Univ Nova Gor, Lab Astroparticle Phys, Nova Gorcia, Slovenia. [Pastor, S.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. [Arqueros, F.; Blanco, F.; Garcia-Pinto, D.; Minaya, I. A.; Ortiz, M.; Rosado, J.; Vazquez, J. R.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [del Peral, L.; Pacheco, N.; Rodriguez-Frias, M. D.; Ros, G.] Univ Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain. [Bueno, A.; Bravo, A. Gascon; Bahilo, J. Lozano; Molina-Bueno, L.; Navarro, J. L.; Navas, S.; Garcia, B. Zamorano] Univ Granada, Granada, Spain. [Bueno, A.; Bravo, A. Gascon; Bahilo, J. Lozano; Molina-Bueno, L.; Navarro, J. L.; Navas, S.; Garcia, B. Zamorano] CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Alvarez-Muniz, J.; Ave, M.; Caballero-Mora, K. S.; Roca, S. T. Garcia; Aguera, A. Lopez; Parente, G.; Parra, A.; Pelayo, R.; Riggi, S.; de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues; Cabo, I. Rodriguez; Fernandez, G. Rodriguez; Elipe, G. Torralba; Tueros, M.; Valino, I.; Vazquez, R. A.; Yushkov, A.; Zas, E.] Univ Santiago Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Cook, H.; Knapp, J.; Lu, L.; Watson, A. A.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Spinka, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Burton, R. E.; Covault, C. E.; Ferguson, A. P.; LaHurd, D.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Coco, M.; Mayotte, E.; Sarazin, F.; Schuster, D.; Wiencke, L.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Brack, J.; Dorofeev, A.; Fracchiolla, C. E.; Gookin, B.; Harton, J. L.; Mostafa, M.; Petrov, Y.; Greus, F. Salesa; Thomas, D.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Brown, W. C.] Colorado State Univ, Pueblo, CO USA. [Ahn, E. J.; Escobar, C. O.; Fazzini, N.; Glass, H.; Hojvat, C.; Kasper, P.; Lebrun, P.; Mantsch, P.; Mazur, P. O.; Spinka, H.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Younk, P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Keivani, A.; Matthews, J.; Shadkam, A.; Sutherland, M. S.; Yuan, G.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Dhital, N.; Diaz, J. C.; Fick, B.; Kieckhafer, R. M.; Nitz, D.; Yapici, T.] Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Allen, J.; Farrar, G.; Roberts, J.; Zaw, I.] NYU, New York, NY USA. [Paul, T.; Srivastava, Y. N.; Swain, J.; Widom, A.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA USA. [Allison, P.; Baughman, B.; Beatty, J. J.; Griffith, N.; Stapleton, J.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Caballero-Mora, K. S.; Cheng, S. H.; Coutu, S.; Criss, A.; Roberts, M. D.; Sommers, P.; Whelan, B. J.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Cronin, J.; Luis, P. Facal San; Fang, K.; Hollon, N.; Monasor, M.; Olinto, A.; Privitera, P.; Rouille-d'Orfeuil, B.; Williams, C.; Yamamoto, T.; Zhou, J.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Fox, B. D.; Gorham, P.; Meyhandan, R.; Varner, G.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Petermann, E.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Lauer, R.; Matthews, J. A. J.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Ahlers, M.; BenZvi, S.; Pfendner, C.; Westerhoff, S.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Anchordoqui, L.; Buroker, L.; Paul, T.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Diep, P. N.; Dong, P. N.; Nhung, P. T.; Thao, N. T.] Inst Nucl Sci & Technol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Zepeda, A.] Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Brazil. RP Abreu, P (reprint author), Univ Tecn Lisboa, LIP, P-1100 Lisbon, Portugal. RI Buscemi, Mario/R-5071-2016; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Rodriguez Frias, Maria /A-7608-2015; Inst. of Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; Mitrica, Bogdan/D-5201-2009; Rodriguez Fernandez, Gonzalo/C-1432-2014; Nosek, Dalibor/F-1129-2017; Lozano Bahilo, Julio/F-4881-2016; scuderi, mario/O-7019-2014; zas, enrique/I-5556-2015; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/K-5313-2016; Gouffon, Philippe/I-4549-2012; de Almeida, Rogerio/L-4584-2016; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016; Conceicao, Ruben/L-2971-2014; Bueno, Antonio/F-3875-2015; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011; Guarino, Fausto/I-3166-2012; Colalillo, Roberta/R-5088-2016; Sima, Octavian/C-3565-2011; Torralba Elipe, Guillermo/A-9524-2015; Di Giulio, Claudio/B-3319-2015; Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime/H-1857-2015; Valino, Ines/J-8324-2012; Espadanal, Joao/I-6618-2015; Vazquez, Jose Ramon/K-2272-2015; Martello, Daniele/J-3131-2012; Insolia, Antonio/M-3447-2015; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013; De Domenico, Manlio/B-5826-2014; Horvath, Pavel/G-6334-2014; Todero Peixoto, Carlos Jose/G-3873-2012; Garcia Pinto, Diego/J-6724-2014; Pastor, Sergio/J-6902-2014; Rosado, Jaime/K-9109-2014; Arqueros, Fernando/K-9460-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; Ros, German/L-4764-2014; Brogueira, Pedro/K-3868-2012; Alves Batista, Rafael/K-6642-2012; de souza, Vitor/D-1381-2012; Prouza, Michael/F-8514-2014; Mandat, Dusan/G-5580-2014; Pech, Miroslav/G-5760-2014; Bohacova, Martina/G-5898-2014; Cazon, Lorenzo/G-6921-2014; Schovanek, Petr/G-7117-2014; Vicha, Jakub/G-8440-2014; Travnicek, Petr/G-8814-2014; Smida, Radomir/G-6314-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; dos Santos, Eva/N-6351-2013; Caramete, Laurentiu/C-2328-2011; Nierstenhofer, Nils/H-3699-2013; Ebr, Jan/H-8319-2012; Badescu, Alina/B-6087-2012; Chinellato, Carola Dobrigkeit /F-2540-2011; Fauth, Anderson/F-9570-2012; Goncalves, Patricia /D-8229-2013; Assis, Pedro/D-9062-2013; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; OI Buscemi, Mario/0000-0003-2123-5434; Rodriguez Frias, Maria /0000-0002-2550-4462; Rodriguez Fernandez, Gonzalo/0000-0002-4683-230X; Nosek, Dalibor/0000-0001-6219-200X; Sigl, Guenter/0000-0002-4396-645X; Maccarone, Maria Concetta/0000-0001-8722-0361; Navarro Quirante, Jose Luis/0000-0002-9915-1735; Lozano Bahilo, Julio/0000-0003-0613-140X; scuderi, mario/0000-0001-9026-5317; zas, enrique/0000-0002-4430-8117; Moura Santos, Edivaldo/0000-0002-2818-8813; Gouffon, Philippe/0000-0001-7511-4115; de Almeida, Rogerio/0000-0003-3104-2724; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Conceicao, Ruben/0000-0003-4945-5340; Bueno, Antonio/0000-0002-7439-4247; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Guarino, Fausto/0000-0003-1427-9885; Colalillo, Roberta/0000-0002-4179-9352; Mantsch, Paul/0000-0002-8382-7745; Cataldi, Gabriella/0000-0001-8066-7718; de Jong, Sijbrand/0000-0002-3120-3367; Torralba Elipe, Guillermo/0000-0001-8738-194X; Di Giulio, Claudio/0000-0002-0597-4547; Alvarez-Muniz, Jaime/0000-0002-2367-0803; Valino, Ines/0000-0001-7823-0154; Espadanal, Joao/0000-0002-1301-8061; Vazquez, Jose Ramon/0000-0001-9217-5219; Martello, Daniele/0000-0003-2046-3910; Insolia, Antonio/0000-0002-9040-1566; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634; De Domenico, Manlio/0000-0001-5158-8594; Horvath, Pavel/0000-0002-6710-5339; Todero Peixoto, Carlos Jose/0000-0003-3669-8212; Garcia Pinto, Diego/0000-0003-1348-6735; Rosado, Jaime/0000-0001-8208-9480; Arqueros, Fernando/0000-0002-4930-9282; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Ros, German/0000-0001-6623-1483; Brogueira, Pedro/0000-0001-6069-4073; Alves Batista, Rafael/0000-0003-2656-064X; Prouza, Michael/0000-0002-3238-9597; Cazon, Lorenzo/0000-0001-6748-8395; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; dos Santos, Eva/0000-0002-0474-8863; Ebr, Jan/0000-0001-8807-6162; Chinellato, Carola Dobrigkeit /0000-0002-1236-0789; Fauth, Anderson/0000-0001-7239-0288; Goncalves, Patricia /0000-0003-2042-3759; Assis, Pedro/0000-0001-7765-3606; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Ulrich, Ralf/0000-0002-2535-402X; Dembinski, Hans/0000-0003-3337-3850; Del Peral, Luis/0000-0003-2580-5668 FU Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Argentina; Fundacion Antorchas, Argentina; Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza, Argentina; Municipalidad de Malargue, Argentina; Australian Research Council; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brazil; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Brazil; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Brazil; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil; Ministerio de Ciencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; AVCR, Czech Republic [AV0Z10100502, AV0Z10100522]; Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), France; Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, France; Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), France; Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany; Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Germany; Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Germany; Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany; Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Germany; Forschung und Kunst, Germany; Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT), Mexico; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM); Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Netherlands; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland [N N202 200239, N N202 207238]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology, Slovenia; Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia; Comunidad de Madrid, Spain; Consejeria de Educacion de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha, Spain; FEDER funds, Spain; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spain; Consolider-Ingenio, Spain; Xunta de Galicia, Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council, United Kingdom; Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-FR02-04ER41300]; National Science Foundation [0450696, 0855680]; Grainger Foundation USA; NAFOSTED, Vietnam; ALFA-EC /HE-LEN; European Union [MEIF-CT-2005-025057, PIEF-GA-2008-220240]; UNESCO; GAAV, Czech Republic [KJB100100904, MSMT-CR LA08016, LC527, 1M06002, MEB111003, MSM0021620859] FX We are very grateful to the following agencies and organizations for financial support: Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, Fundacion Antorchas, Gobierno De La Provincia de Mendoza, Municipalidad de Malargue, NDM Holdings and Valle Las Lenas, in gratitude for their continuing cooperation over land access, Argentina; the Australian Research Council; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Ministerio de Ciencia e Tecnologia (MCT), Brazil; AVCR AV0Z10100502 and AV0Z10100522, GAAV KJB100100904, MSMT-CR LA08016, LC527, 1M06002, MEB111003, and MSM0021620859, Czech Republic; Centre de Calcul IN2P3/CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Conseil Regional Ile-de-France, Departement Physique Nucleaire et Corpusculaire (PNC-IN2P3/CNRS), Departement Sciences de l'Univers (SDU-INSU/CNRS), France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Finanzministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren (HGF), Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Ministerium fur Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT), Mexico; Ministerie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en Wetenschap, Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Grant Nos. N N202 200239 and N N202 207238, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; Ministry for Higher Education, Science, and Technology, Slovenian Research Agency, Slovenia; Comunidad de Madrid, Consejeria de Educacion de la Comunidad de Castilla La Mancha, FEDER funds, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion and Consolider-Ingenio 2010 (CPAN), Xunta de Galicia, Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council, United Kingdom; Department of Energy, Contract Nos. DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-FR02-04ER41300, National Science Foundation, Grant Nos. 0450696, 0855680, The Grainger Foundation USA; NAFOSTED, Vietnam; ALFA-EC /HE-LEN, European Union 6th Framework Program, Grant No. MEIF-CT-2005-025057, European Union 7th Framework Program, Grant No. PIEF-GA-2008-220240, and UNESCO. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 67 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD APR PY 2013 VL 8 AR P04009 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/8/04/P04009 PG 28 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 124KO UT WOS:000317462400016 ER PT J AU Alvarez, V Borges, FIG Carcel, S Castel, J Cebrian, S Cervera, A Conde, CAN Dafni, T Dias, THVT Diaz, J Egorov, M Esteve, R Evtoukhovitch, P Fernandes, LMP Ferrario, P Ferreira, AL Freitas, EDC Gehman, VM Gil, A Goldschmidt, A Gomez, H Gomez-Cadenas, JJ Gonzalez-Diaz, D Gutierrez, RM Hauptman, J Morata, JAH Herrera, DC Iguaz, FJ Irastorza, IG Jinete, MA Labarga, L Laing, A Liubarsky, I Lopes, JAM Lorca, D Losada, M Luzon, G Mari, A Martin-Albo, J Martinez, A Miller, T Moiseenko, A Monrabal, F Monteiro, CMB Mora, FJ Moutinho, LM Vidal, JM da Luz, HN Navarro, G Nebot-Guinot, M Nygren, D Oliveira, CAB Palma, R Perez, J Aparicio, JLP Renner, J Ripoll, L Rodriguez, A Rodriguez, J Santos, FP dos Santos, JMF Segui, L Serra, L Shuman, D Simon, A Sofka, C Sorel, M Toledo, JF Tomas, A Torrent, J Tsamalaidze, Z Vazquez, D Veloso, JFCA Villar, JA Webb, R White, JT Yahlali, N AF Alvarez, V. Borges, F. I. G. Carcel, S. Castel, J. Cebrian, S. Cervera, A. Conde, C. A. N. Dafni, T. Dias, T. H. V. T. Diaz, J. Egorov, M. Esteve, R. Evtoukhovitch, P. Fernandes, L. M. P. Ferrario, P. Ferreira, A. L. Freitas, E. D. C. Gehman, V. M. Gil, A. Goldschmidt, A. Gomez, H. Gomez-Cadenas, J. J. Gonzalez-Diaz, D. Gutierrez, R. M. Hauptman, J. Hernando Morata, J. A. Herrera, D. C. Iguaz, F. J. Irastorza, I. G. Jinete, M. A. Labarga, L. Laing, A. Liubarsky, I. Lopes, J. A. M. Lorca, D. Losada, M. Luzon, G. Mari, A. Martin-Albo, J. Martinez, A. Miller, T. Moiseenko, A. Monrabal, F. Monteiro, C. M. B. Mora, F. J. Moutinho, L. M. Munoz Vidal, J. Natal da Luz, H. Navarro, G. Nebot-Guinot, M. Nygren, D. Oliveira, C. A. B. Palma, R. Perez, J. Perez Aparicio, J. L. Renner, J. Ripoll, L. Rodriguez, A. Rodriguez, J. Santos, F. P. dos Santos, J. M. F. Segui, L. Serra, L. Shuman, D. Simon, A. Sofka, C. Sorel, M. Toledo, J. F. Tomas, A. Torrent, J. Tsamalaidze, Z. Vazquez, D. Veloso, J. F. C. A. Villar, J. A. Webb, R. White, J. T. Yahlali, N. CA NEXT Collaboration TI Initial results of NEXT-DEMO, a large-scale prototype of the NEXT-100 experiment SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Double-beta decay detectors; Time projection chambers; Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting methods AB NEXT-DEMO is a large-scale prototype of the NEXT-100 detector, an electroluminescent time projection chamber that will search for the neutrinoless double beta decay of Xe-136 using 100-150 kg of enriched xenon gas. NEXT-DEMO was built to prove the expected performance of NEXT-100, namely, energy resolution better than 1% FWHM at 2.5MeV and event topological reconstruction. In this paper we describe the prototype and its initial results. A resolution of 1.75% FWHM at 511 keV (which extrapolates to 0.8% FWHM at 2.5 MeV) was obtained at 10 bar pressure using a gamma-ray calibration source. Also, a basic study of the event topology along the longitudinal coordinate is presented, proving that it is possible to identify the distinct dE/dx of electron tracks in high-pressure xenon using an electroluminescence TPC. C1 [Alvarez, V.; Carcel, S.; Cervera, A.; Diaz, J.; Ferrario, P.; Gil, A.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Laing, A.; Liubarsky, I.; Lorca, D.; Martin-Albo, J.; Martinez, A.; Monrabal, F.; Munoz Vidal, J.; Nebot-Guinot, M.; Rodriguez, J.; Serra, L.; Simon, A.; Sorel, M.; Yahlali, N.] CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia 46980, Spain. [Alvarez, V.; Carcel, S.; Cervera, A.; Diaz, J.; Ferrario, P.; Gil, A.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Laing, A.; Liubarsky, I.; Lorca, D.; Martin-Albo, J.; Martinez, A.; Monrabal, F.; Munoz Vidal, J.; Nebot-Guinot, M.; Rodriguez, J.; Serra, L.; Simon, A.; Sorel, M.; Yahlali, N.] Univ Valencia, Valencia 46980, Spain. [Borges, F. I. G.; Conde, C. A. N.; Dias, T. H. V. T.; Fernandes, L. M. P.; Freitas, E. D. C.; Lopes, J. A. M.; Monteiro, C. M. B.; Natal da Luz, H.; Santos, F. P.; dos Santos, J. M. F.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Fis, P-3004516 Coimbra, Portugal. [Castel, J.; Cebrian, S.; Dafni, T.; Gomez, H.; Gonzalez-Diaz, D.; Herrera, D. C.; Iguaz, F. J.; Irastorza, I. G.; Luzon, G.; Rodriguez, A.; Segui, L.; Tomas, A.; Villar, J. A.] Univ Zaragoza, Lab Fis Nucl & Astroparticulas, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. [Egorov, M.; Gehman, V. M.; Goldschmidt, A.; Miller, T.; Nygren, D.; Oliveira, C. A. B.; Renner, J.; Shuman, D.; Toledo, J. F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Esteve, R.; Mari, A.; Mora, F. J.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Instrumentac Imagen Mol I3M, Valencia 46022, Spain. [Evtoukhovitch, P.; Moiseenko, A.; Tsamalaidze, Z.] Joint Inst Nucl Res Dubna, Dubna 141980, Russia. [Ferreira, A. L.; Moutinho, L. M.; Veloso, J. F. C. A.] Univ Aveiro, Inst Nanostruct Nanomodelling & Nanofabricat i3N, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. [Gutierrez, R. M.; Jinete, M. A.; Losada, M.; Navarro, G.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Hauptman, J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hernando Morata, J. A.; Vazquez, D.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, IGFAE, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain. [Labarga, L.; Perez, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Palma, R.; Perez Aparicio, J. L.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Dpto Mecan Medios Continuos & Teoria Estruct, E-46071 Valencia, Spain. [Ripoll, L.; Torrent, J.] Univ Girona, Escola Politecn Super, Girona 17071, Spain. [Sofka, C.; Webb, R.; White, J. T.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Martin-Albo, J (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Calle Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, Valencia 46980, Spain. EM justo.martin-albo@ific.uv.es RI Irastorza, Igor/B-2085-2012; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/L-2003-2014; Hernando Morata, Jose Angel/L-7642-2014; Gil Ortiz, Alejandro/M-1671-2014; YAHLALI, NADIA/L-1880-2014; Monrabal, Francesc/A-5880-2015; Ripoll, Lluis/A-8413-2015; dos Santos, Joaquim/B-3058-2015; Perez-Aparicio, Jose/H-7053-2015; Fernandes, Luis/E-2372-2011; Iguaz Gutierrez, Francisco Jose/F-4117-2016; Gonzalez Diaz, Diego/K-7265-2014; Natal da Luz, Hugo/F-6460-2013; veloso, joao/J-4478-2013; Moutinho, Luis/J-6021-2013; Diaz, Jose/B-3454-2012; Dafni, Theopisti /J-9646-2012; AMADE Research Group, AMADE/B-6537-2014; Balanzat, Josep Costa/C-1017-2014; matias-lopes, jose/H-6074-2012; Villar, Jose Angel/K-6630-2014 OI Munoz Vidal, Javier/0000-0002-9649-2251; Sorel, Michel/0000-0003-2141-9508; Toledo Alarcon, Jose Francisco/0000-0002-9782-4510; Freitas, Elisabete/0000-0001-8235-3229; Santos, Filomena/0000-0002-0214-4185; Martin-Albo, Justo/0000-0002-7318-1469; Veloso, Joao/0000-0002-7107-7203; Dias, Teresa/0000-0001-5101-4902; Borges Soares, Filipa/0000-0001-5790-173X; Ferreira, Antonio /0000-0002-8696-3590; dos Santos, Joaquim Marques Ferreira/0000-0002-8841-6523; Conde, Carlos/0000-0002-1387-2161; Monteiro, Cristina Maria Bernardes/0000-0002-1912-2804; Palma, Roberto/0000-0002-4047-381X; Luzon Marco, Gloria/0000-0002-5352-1884; Irastorza, Igor/0000-0003-1163-1687; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8224-7714; Hernando Morata, Jose Angel/0000-0002-8683-5142; Gil Ortiz, Alejandro/0000-0002-0852-412X; YAHLALI, NADIA/0000-0003-2184-0132; Monrabal, Francesc/0000-0002-4047-5620; Ripoll, Lluis/0000-0001-8194-5396; Perez-Aparicio, Jose/0000-0003-2884-6991; Fernandes, Luis/0000-0002-7061-8768; Iguaz Gutierrez, Francisco Jose/0000-0001-6327-9369; Gonzalez Diaz, Diego/0000-0002-6809-5996; Natal da Luz, Hugo/0000-0003-1177-870X; Moutinho, Luis/0000-0001-9074-4449; Diaz, Jose/0000-0002-7239-223X; Dafni, Theopisti /0000-0002-8921-910X; AMADE Research Group, AMADE/0000-0002-5778-3291; matias-lopes, jose/0000-0002-6366-2963; Villar, Jose Angel/0000-0003-0228-7589 FU Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad of Spain [CONSOLIDER-Ingenio 2010 CSD2008-0037, FPA2009-13697-C04-04]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Portuguese FCT; FEDER through the program COMPETE [PTDC/FIS/103860/2008]; US DOE NNSA Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship [DE-FC52-08NA28752] FX This work was supported by the following agencies and institutions: the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad of Spain under grants CONSOLIDER-Ingenio 2010 CSD2008-0037 (CUP) and FPA2009-13697-C04-04; the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231; and the Portuguese FCT and FEDER through the program COMPETE, project PTDC/FIS/103860/2008. J. Renner (LBNL) acknowledges the support of a US DOE NNSA Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship under contract no. DE-FC52-08NA28752. NR 18 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 21 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD APR PY 2013 VL 8 AR P04002 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/8/04/P04002 PG 25 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 124KO UT WOS:000317462400009 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Aguilo, E Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Knunz, V Krammer, M Kratschmer, I Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, M Bansal, S Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Staykova, Z Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Mohammadi, A Reis, T Thomas, L Vander Marcken, G Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Wang, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Castello, R Ceard, L Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Schul, N Garcia, JMV Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Hammad, GH Alves, GA Martins, MC Damiao, DD Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Anjos, TS Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vutova, M Dimitrov, A Hadjiiska, R Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Meng, X Tao, J Wang, J Wang, X Wang, Z Xiao, H Xu, M Zang, J Zhang, Z Asawatangtrakuldee, C Ban, Y Guo, S Guo, Y Li, W Liu, S Mao, Y Qian, SJ Teng, H Wang, D Zhang, L Zhu, B Zou, W Avila, C Gomez, JP Moreno, BG Oliveros, AFO Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Plestina, R Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Kovac, M Brigljevic, V Duric, S Kadija, K Luetic, J Morovic, S Attikis, A Galanti, M Mavromanolakis, G Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Finger, M Finger, M Assran, Y Elgammal, S Kamel, AE Mahmoud, MA Radi, A Kadastik, M Muntel, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Tiko, A Eerola, P Fedi, G Voutilainen, M Harkonen, J Heikkinen, A Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Maenpaa, T Peltola, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Ungaro, D Wendland, L Banzuzi, K Karjalainen, A Korpela, A Tuuva, T Besancon, M Choudhury, S Dejardin, M Denegri, D Fabbro, B Faure, JL Ferri, F Ganjour, S Givernaud, A Gras, P de Monchenault, GH Jarry, P Locci, E Malcles, J Millischer, L Nayak, A Rander, J Rosowsky, A Shreyber, I Titov, M Baffioni, S Beaudette, F Benhabib, L Bianchini, L Bluj, M Broutin, C Busson, P Charlot, C Daci, N Dahms, T Dobrzynski, L de Cassagnac, RG Haguenauer, M Mine, P Mironov, C Naranjo, IN Nguyen, M Ochando, C Paganini, P Sabes, D Salerno, R Sirois, Y Veelken, C Zabi, A Agram, JL Andrea, J Bloch, D Bodin, D Brom, JM Cardaci, M Chabert, EC Collard, C Conte, E Drouhin, F Ferro, C Fontaine, JC Gele, D Goerlach, U Juillot, P Le Bihan, AC Van Hove, P Fassi, F Mercier, D Beauceron, S Beaupere, N Bondu, O Boudoul, G Chasserat, J Chierici, R Contardo, D Depasse, P El Mamouni, H Fay, J Gascon, S Gouzevitch, M Ille, B Kurca, T Lethuillier, M Mirabito, L Perries, S Sordini, V Tschudi, Y Verdier, P Viret, S Tsamalaidze, Z Anagnostou, G Beranek, S Edelhoff, M Feld, L Heracleous, N Hindrichs, O Jussen, R Klein, K Merz, J Ostapchuk, A Perieanu, A Raupach, F Sammet, J Schael, S Sprenger, D Weber, H Wittmer, B Zhukov, V Ata, M Caudron, J Dietz-Laursonn, E Duchardt, D Erdmann, M Fischer, R Guth, A Hebbeker, T Heidemann, C Hoepfner, K Klingebiel, D Kreuzer, P Magass, C Merschmeyer, M Meyer, A Olschewski, M Papacz, P Pieta, H Reithler, H Schmitz, SA Sonnenschein, L Steggemann, J Teyssier, D Weber, M Bontenackels, M Cherepanov, V Erdogan, Y Flugge, G Geenen, H Geisler, M Ahmad, WH Hoehle, F Kargoll, B Kress, T Kuessel, Y Nowack, A Perchalla, L Pooth, O Sauerland, P Stahl, A Martin, MA Behr, J Behrenhoff, W Behrens, U Bergholz, M Bethani, A Borras, K Burgmeier, A Cakir, A Calligaris, L Campbell, A Castro, E Costanza, F Dammann, D Pardos, CD Eckerlin, G Eckstein, D Flucke, G Geiser, A Glushkov, I Gunnellini, P Habib, S Hauk, J Hellwig, G Jung, H Kasemann, M Katsas, P Kleinwort, C Kluge, H Knutsson, A Kramer, M Krucker, D Kuznetsova, E Lange, W Lohmann, W Lutz, B Mankel, R Marfin, I Marienfeld, M Melzer-Pellmann, IA Meyer, AB Mnich, J Mussgiller, A Naumann-Emme, S Olzem, J Perrey, H Petrukhin, A Pitzl, D Raspereza, A Cipriano, PMR Riedl, C Ron, E Rosin, M Salfeld-Nebgen, J Schmidt, R Schoerner-Sadenius, T Sen, N Spiridonov, A Stein, M Walsh, R Wissing, C Autermann, C Blobel, V Draeger, J Enderle, H Erfle, J Gebbert, U Gorner, M Hermanns, T Hoing, RS Kaschube, K Kaussen, G Kirschenmann, H Klanner, R Lange, J Mura, B Nowak, F Peiffer, T Pietsch, N Rathjens, D Sander, C Schettler, H Schleper, P Schlieckau, E Schmidt, A Schroder, M Schum, T Seidel, M Sola, V Stadie, H Steinbruck, G Thomsen, J Vanelderen, L Barth, C Berger, J Boser, C Chwalek, T De Boer, W Descroix, A Dierlamm, A Feindt, M Guthoff, M Hackstein, C Hartmann, F Hauth, T Heinrich, M Held, H Hoffmann, KH Honc, S Katkov, I Komaragiri, JR Pardo, PL Martschei, D Mueller, S Muller, T Niegel, M Nurnberg, A Oberst, O Oehler, A Ott, J Quast, G Rabbertz, K Ratnikov, F Ratnikova, N Rocker, S Scheurer, A Schilling, FP Schott, G Simonis, HJ Stober, FM Troendle, D Ulrich, R Wagner-Kuhr, J Wayand, S Weiler, T Zeise, M Daskalakis, G Geralis, T Kesisoglou, S Kyriakis, A Loukas, D Manolakos, I Markou, A Markou, C Mavrommatis, C Ntomari, E Gouskos, L Mertzimekis, TJ Panagiotou, A Saoulidou, N Evangelou, I Foudas, C Kokkas, P Manthos, N Papadopoulos, I Patras, V Bencze, G Hajdu, C Hidas, P Horvath, D Sikler, F Veszpremi, V Vesztergombi, G Beni, N Czellar, S Molnar, J Palinkas, J Szillasi, Z Karancsi, J Raics, P Trocsanyi, ZL Ujvari, B Beri, SB Bhatnagar, V Dhingra, N Gupta, R Kaur, M Mehta, MZ Nishu, N Saini, LK Sharma, A Singh, JB Kumar, A Kumar, A Ahuja, S Bhardwaj, A Choudhary, BC Malhotra, S Naimuddin, M Ranjan, K Sharma, V Shivpuri, RK Banerjee, S Bhattacharya, S Dutta, S Gomber, B Jain, S Jain, S Khurana, R Sarkar, S Sharan, M Abdulsalam, A Choudhury, RK Dutta, D Kailas, S Kumar, V Mehta, P Mohanty, AK Pant, LM Shukla, P Aziz, T Ganguly, S Guchait, M Maity, M Majumder, G Mazumdar, K 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Identification of b-quark jets with the CMS experiment SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION LA English DT Article DE Large detector-systems performance; Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting methods; Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors AB At the Large Hadron Collider, the identification of jets originating from b quarks is important for searches for new physics and for measurements of standard model processes. A variety of algorithms has been developed by CMS to select b-quark jets based on variables such as the impact parameters of charged-particle tracks, the properties of reconstructed decay vertices, and the presence or absence of a lepton, or combinations thereof. The performance of these algorithms has been measured using data from proton-proton collisions at the LHC and compared with expectations based on simulation. The data used in this study were recorded in 2011 at root s = 7TeV for a total integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb(-1). The efficiency for tagging b-quark jets has been measured in events from multijet and t-quark pair production. CMS has achieved a b-jet tagging efficiency of 85% for a light-parton misidentification probability of 10% in multijet events. For analyses requiring higher purity, a misidentification probability of only 1.5% has been achieved, for a 70% b-jet tagging efficiency. C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Aguilo, E.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hammer, J.; Hoermann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Kiesenhofer, W.; Knunz, V.; Krammer, M.; Kraetschmer, I.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Pernicka, M.; Rahbaran, B.; Rohringer, C.; Rohringer, H.; Schoefbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Taurok, A.; Waltenberger, W.; Walzel, G.; Widl, E.; Wulz, C. -E.] OeAW, Inst Hochenergiephys, Vienna, Austria. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Gonzalez, J. Suarez] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Bansal, M.; Bansal, S.; Cornelis, T.; De Wolf, E. A.; Janssen, X.; Luyckx, S.; Mucibello, L.; Ochesanu, S.; Roland, B.; Rougny, R.; Selvaggi, M.; Staykova, Z.; Van Haevermaet, H.; Van Mechelen, P.; Van Remortel, N.; Van Spilbeeck, A.] Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Blekman, F.; Blyweert, S.; D'Hondt, J.; Suarez, R. Gonzalez; Kalogeropoulos, A.; Maes, M.; Olbrechts, A.; Van Doninck, W.; Van Mulders, P.; Van Onsem, G. P.; Villella, I.] Vrije Univ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. [Clerbaux, B.; De Lentdecker, G.; Dero, V.; Gay, A. P. R.; Hreus, T.; Leonard, A.; Marage, P. E.; Mohammadi, A.; Reis, T.; Thomas, L.; Vander Marcken, G.; Vander Velde, C.; Vanlaer, P.; Wang, J.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. [Adler, V.; Beernaert, K.; Cimmino, A.; Costantini, S.; Garcia, G.; Grunewald, M.; Klein, B.; Lellouch, J.; Marinov, A.; Mccartin, J.; Rios, A. A. Ocampo; Ryckbosch, D.; Strobbe, N.; Thyssen, F.; Tytgat, M.; Verwilligen, P.; Walsh, S.; Yazgan, E.; Zaganidis, N.] Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Basegmez, S.; Bruno, G.; Castello, R.; Ceard, L.; Delaere, C.; du Pree, T.; Favart, D.; Forthomme, L.; Giammanco, A.; Hollar, J.; Lemaitre, V.; Liao, J.; Militaru, O.; Nuttens, C.; Pagano, D.; Pin, A.; Piotrzkowski, K.; Schul, N.; Garcia, J. M. Vizan] Catholic Univ Louvain, B-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Beliy, N.; Caebergs, T.; Daubie, E.; Hammad, G. H.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Alves, G. A.; Martins Junior, M. Correa; Damiao, D. De Jesus; Martins, T.; Pol, M. E.; Souza, M. H. G.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Alda Junior, W. L.; Carvalho, W.; Custodio, A.; Da Costa, E. M.; Martins, C. De Oliveira; De Souza, S. Fonseca; Figueiredo, D. Matos; Mundim, L.; Nogima, H.; Oguri, V.; Prado Da Silva, W. L.; Santoro, A.; Jorge, L. Soares; Sznajder, A.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Dias, F. A.; Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R.; Lagana, C.; Marinho, F.; Novaes, S. F.; Padula, Sandra S.] Inst Fis Teor CA, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Anjos, T. S.; Bernardes, C. A.; Gregores, E. M.; Mercadante, P. G.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Piperov, S.; Rodozov, M.; Stoykova, S.; Sultanov, G.; Tcholakov, V.; Trayanov, R.; Vutova, M.] Inst Nucl Energy Res, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Dimitrov, A.; Hadjiiska, R.; Kozhuharov, V.; Litov, L.; Pavlov, B.; Petkov, P.] Univ Sofia, BU-1126 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Wang, J.; Bian, J. G.; Chen, G. M.; Chen, H. S.; Jiang, C. H.; Liang, D.; Liang, S.; Meng, X.; Tao, J.; Wang, X.; Wang, Z.; Xiao, H.; Xu, M.; Zang, J.; Zhang, Z.] Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. [Asawatangtrakuldee, C.; Ban, Y.; Guo, S.; Guo, Y.; Li, W.; Liu, S.; Mao, Y.; Qian, S. J.; Teng, H.; Wang, D.; Zhang, L.; Zhu, B.; Zou, W.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Tech, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Avila, C.; Gomez, J. P.; Gomez Moreno, B.; Osorio Oliveros, A. F.; Sanabria, J. C.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Godinovic, N.; Lelas, D.; Plestina, R.; Polic, D.; Puljak, I.] Tech Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Antunovic, Z.; Kovac, M.] Univ Split, Split, Croatia. [Brigljevic, V.; Duric, S.; Kadija, K.; Luetic, J.; Morovic, S.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, Croatia. [Attikis, A.; Galanti, M.; Mavromanolakis, G.; Mousa, J.; Nicolaou, C.; Ptochos, F.; Razis, P. A.] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus. [Finger, M.; Finger, M., Jr.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Assran, Y.; Elgammal, S.; Kamel, A. Ellithi; Mahmoud, M. A.; Radi, A.] Acad Sci Res & Technol Arab Republ Egypt, Egyptian Network High Energy Phys, Cairo, Egypt. [Kadastik, M.; Muentel, M.; Raidal, M.; Rebane, L.; Tiko, A.] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Eerola, P.; Fedi, G.; Voutilainen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Harkonen, J.; Heikkinen, A.; Karimaki, V.; Kinnunen, R.; Kortelainen, M. J.; Lampen, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Linden, T.; Luukka, P.; Maenpaa, T.; Peltola, T.; Tuominen, E.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Ungaro, D.; Wendland, L.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Banzuzi, K.; Karjalainen, A.; Korpela, A.; Tuuva, T.] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, Finland. [Besancon, M.; Choudhury, S.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Malcles, J.; Millischer, L.; Nayak, A.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Shreyber, I.; Titov, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Benhabib, L.; Bianchini, L.; Bluj, M.; Broutin, C.; Busson, P.; Charlot, C.; Daci, N.; Dahms, T.; Dobrzynski, L.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Haguenauer, M.; Mine, P.; Mironov, C.; Naranjo, I. N.; Nguyen, M.; Ochando, C.; Paganini, P.; Sabes, D.; Salerno, R.; Sirois, Y.; Veelken, C.; Zabi, A.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Agram, J. -L.; Andrea, J.; Bloch, D.; Bodin, D.; Brom, J. -M.; Cardaci, M.; Chabert, E. C.; Collard, C.; Conte, E.; Drouhin, F.; Ferro, C.; Fontaine, J. -C.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Juillot, P.; Le Bihan, A. -C.; Van Hove, P.] Univ Strasbourg, Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, CNRS, IN2P3,Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg, France. [Fassi, F.; Mercier, D.] CNRS, Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules, IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. [Beauceron, S.; Beaupere, N.; Bondu, O.; Boudoul, G.; Chasserat, J.; Chierici, R.; Contardo, D.; Depasse, P.; El Mamouni, H.; Fay, J.; Gascon, S.; Gouzevitch, M.; Ille, B.; Kurca, T.; Lethuillier, M.; Mirabito, L.; Perries, S.; Sordini, V.; Tschudi, Y.; Verdier, P.; Viret, S.] Univ Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, CNRS, IN2P3,Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Tsamalaidze, Z.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys & Informatizat, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Anagnostou, G.; Beranek, S.; Edelhoff, M.; Feld, L.; Heracleous, N.; Hindrichs, O.; Jussen, R.; Klein, K.; Merz, J.; Ostapchuk, A.; Perieanu, A.; Raupach, F.; Sammet, J.; Schael, S.; Sprenger, D.; Weber, H.; Wittmer, B.; Zhukov, V.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, Aachen, Germany. [Ata, M.; Caudron, J.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Duchardt, D.; Erdmann, M.; Fischer, R.; Gueth, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Magass, C.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Olschewski, M.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.; Weber, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany. [Bontenackels, M.; Cherepanov, V.; Erdogan, Y.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Behr, J.; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Burgmeier, A.; Cakir, A.; Calligaris, L.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Costanza, F.; Dammann, D.; Pardos, C. Diez; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Glushkov, I.; Gunnellini, P.; Habib, S.; Hauk, J.; Hellwig, G.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kraemer, M.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Lohmann, W.; Lutz, B.; Mankel, R.; Marfin, I.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Olzem, J.; Perrey, H.; Petrukhin, A.; Pitzl, D.; Raspereza, A.; Cipriano, P. M. Ribeiro; Riedl, C.; Ron, E.; Rosin, M.; Salfeld-Nebgen, J.; Schmidt, R.; Schoerner-Sadenius, T.; Sen, N.; Spiridonov, A.; Stein, M.; Walsh, R.; Wissing, C.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Schul, N.; Autermann, C.; Blobel, V.; Draeger, J.; Enderle, H.; Erfle, J.; Gebbert, U.; Goerner, M.; Hermanns, T.; Hoeing, R. S.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Peiffer, T.; Pietsch, N.; Rathjens, D.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schmidt, A.; Schroeder, M.; Schum, T.; Seidel, M.; Sola, V.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.; Vanelderen, L.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Boeser, C.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Descroix, A.; Dierlamm, A.; Feindt, M.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Hauth, T.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Honc, S.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Pardo, P. Lobelle; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Nuernberg, A.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Roecker, S.; Scheurer, A.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Ulrich, R.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Wayand, S.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Bencze, G.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Sikler, F.; Veszpremi, V.; Vesztergombi, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Beni, N.; Czellar, S.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Kaur, M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, J. B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Kumar, Ashok; Kumar, Arun; Ahuja, S.; Bhardwaj, A.; Choudhary, B. C.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, Sa.; Jain, Sh.; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.; Sharan, M.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Abdulsalam, A.; Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mehta, P.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Venditti, R.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Venditti, R.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Guiducci, L.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G. P.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Guiducci, L.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G. P.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Fabbri, F.; Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.; Tosi, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Tosi, S.] Univ Genoa, Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Paganini, P.; Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Meola, S.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pazzini, J.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pazzini, J.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trent, Padua, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Saha, A.; Santocchia, A.; Spiezia, A.; Taroni, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Lucaroni, A.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Spiezia, A.; Taroni, S.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Bernardini, J.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Squillacioti, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Fanelli, C.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Fanelli, C.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.] Univ Rome, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Mazza, G.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Costa, M.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Candelise, V.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.; Schizzi, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Candelise, V.; Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Schizzi, A.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Kim, T. Y.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Son, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Kwon, E.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.; Juodagalvis, A.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Villalba, R. Magana; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City 07738, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Ansari, M. H.; Asghar, M. I.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Otwock, Poland. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Parracho, P. G. Ferreira; Gallinaro, M.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Bunin, P.; Gavrilenko, M.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Kaminskiy, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Popov, A.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Korablev, A.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.] Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] CIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Brun, H.; Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Graziano, A.; Jorda, C.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Sobron Sanudo, M.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, IFCA, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Puljak, I.; Chierici, R.; Guthoff, M.; Hauth, T.; Sharma, A.; Mohanty, A. K.; Calabria, C.; De Filippis, N.; Fasanella, D.; Meneghelli, M.; Benaglia, A.; Di Matteo, L.; Gennai, S.; Massironi, A.; De Cosa, A.; Paolucci, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Branca, A.; Tosi, M.; Lucaroni, A.; Fiori, F.; Squillacioti, P.; Tonelli, G.; Grassi, M.; Meridiani, P.; Mariotti, C.; Musich, M.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Benitez, J. F.; Bernet, C.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Botta, C.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; D'Enterria, D.; Dabrowski, A.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Georgiou, G.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lee, Y. -J.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Musella, P.; Nesvold, E.; Orimoto, T.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Perrozzi, L.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sekmen, S.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vlimant, J. R.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.; Roland, G.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Donega, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Hits, D.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marini, A. C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pandolfi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Tupputi, S.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Singh, A. P.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Abdulsalam, A.; Chang, Y. H.; Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karaman, T.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cankocak, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Belyaev, A.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Stoye, M.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Charaf, O.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; St. John, J.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bhattacharya, S.; Alimena, J.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Miceli, T.; Pellett, D.; Ricci-Tam, F.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Weber, M.; Andreev, V.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Traczyk, P.; Valuev, V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Liu, H.; Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Dinardo, M. E.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sharma, V.; Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, F.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Spiropulu, M.; Timciuc, V.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Xie, S.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Azzolini, V.; Calamba, A.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Edelmaier, C. J.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Heyburn, B.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Tucker, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Kilminster, B.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Linacre, J.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Tan, P.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Cheng, T.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Hewamanage, S.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Dragoiu, C.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Strom, D.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Grachov, O.; Iii, R. P. Kenny; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Peterman, A.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Li, W.; Apyan, A.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Krajczar, K.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.] Univ Mississippi, Oxford, MS USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Nash, D.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Planer, M.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. 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Ministry of Science and Technology; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Colombian Funding Agency (COLCIENCIAS); Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; Research Promotion Foundation, Cyprus; Ministry of Education and Research [SF0690030s09]; European Regional Development Fund, Estonia; Academy of Finland; Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture; Helsinki Institute of Physics; Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS, France; Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Germany; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; National Scientific Research Foundation; National Office for Research and Technology, Hungary; Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology, India; Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; Science Foundation, Ireland; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, India; World Class University program of NRF, Korea; Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; CINVESTAV; CONACYT; SEP; UASLP-FAI; Ministry of Science and Innovation, New Zealand; Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; Ministry of Science and Higher Education; National Science Centre, Poland; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; Federal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia; Secretaria de Estado de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion, Spain; Programa Consolider-Ingenio, Spain; ETH Board; ETH Zurich; PSI; SNF; UniZH; Canton Zurich; SER; National Science Council, Taipei; Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey; Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK; US Department of Energy; US National Science Foundation; Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A. P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Austrian Science Fund (FWF); Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); Foundation for Polish Science; European Union FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes. This work was supported by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research; the Belgium Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, and Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; the Brazilian Funding Agencies (CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP); the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science; CERN; the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, and National Natural Science Foundation of China; the Colombian Funding Agency (COLCIENCIAS); the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport; the Research Promotion Foundation, Cyprus; the Ministry of Education and Research, Recurrent financing contract SF0690030s09 and European Regional Development Fund, Estonia; the Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, and Helsinki Institute of Physics; the Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS, and Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, France; the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; the General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; the National Scientific Research Foundation, and National Office for Research and Technology, Hungary; the Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology, India; the Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; the Science Foundation, Ireland; the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; the Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the World Class University program of NRF, Korea; the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; the Mexican Funding Agencies (CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI); the Ministry of Science and Innovation, New Zealand; the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Centre, Poland; the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal; JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the Federal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation, Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research; the Ministry of Science and Technological Development of Serbia; the Secretaria de Estado de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; the Swiss Funding Agencies (ETH Board, ETH Zurich, PSI, SNF, UniZH, Canton Zurich, and SER); the National Science Council, Taipei; the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; the Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK; the US Department of Energy, and the US National Science Foundation.; Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Austrian Science Fund (FWF); the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund. NR 47 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 86 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-0221 J9 J INSTRUM JI J. Instrum. PD APR PY 2013 VL 8 AR P04013 DI 10.1088/1748-0221/8/04/P04013 PG 66 WC Instruments & Instrumentation SC Instruments & Instrumentation GA 124KO UT WOS:000317462400020 ER PT J AU Chen, S Zhang, LH Kisslinger, K Wu, YQ AF Chen, Shi Zhang, Lihua Kisslinger, Kim Wu, Yiquan TI Transparent Y3Al5O12: Li, Ce Ceramics for Thermal Neutron Detection SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SCINTILLATORS; HE-3 AB To exploit the potential applications of thermal neutron detection, yttrium aluminum garnet co-doped with 1mol% Ce3+ and 5mol% Li+ was vacuum sintered into a transparent ceramic through solid-state reaction. The transmittance of a 2mm thick sample was measured to be as high as 80.3% in the visible range and the microstructural characterization indicated that Li ions could also act as a sintering aid. Excitation and emission spectra data further supported the assumption that the Li ions have substituted into the garnet lattice. Excitation and emission spectra data of the prepared ceramic were also obtained for use in the characterization of optical properties. C1 [Chen, Shi; Wu, Yiquan] Alfred Univ, New York State Coll Ceram, Kazuo Inamori Sch Engn, Alfred, NY 14802 USA. [Zhang, Lihua; Kisslinger, Kim] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Wu, YQ (reprint author), Alfred Univ, New York State Coll Ceram, Kazuo Inamori Sch Engn, Alfred, NY 14802 USA. EM wuy@alfred.edu RI Kisslinger, Kim/F-4485-2014; Zhang, Lihua/F-4502-2014; Chen, Shi/M-5020-2015 FU US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) through the YIP program [FA9550-10-1-0067]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We gratefully acknowledge the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) through the YIP program (contract FA9550-10-1-0067) for funding and supporting this research. TEM experiment, carried out at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1067 EP 1069 DI 10.1111/jace.12297 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 123RH UT WOS:000317407600014 ER PT J AU Riley, BJ McCloy, JS Goel, A Liezers, M Schweiger, MJ Liu, J Rodriguez, CP Kim, DS AF Riley, Brian J. McCloy, John S. Goel, Ashutosh Liezers, Martin Schweiger, Michael J. Liu, Juan Rodriguez, Carmen P. Kim, Dong-Sang TI Crystallization of Rhenium Salts in a Simulated Low-Activity Waste Borosilicate Glass SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TECHNETIUM; SULFATE; IMMOBILIZATION; SOLUBILITY; TEMPERATURES; BEHAVIOR; EXAFS AB This study presents the characterization of salt phases that formed on simulated low-activity waste glass melts during a rhenium solubility study. This study with rhenium salts is also applicable to real applications involving radioactive technetium salts. In this synthesis method, oxide glass powder is mixed with the volatile species, vacuum-sealed in a fused quartz ampoule, and then heated in a furnace. This technique restricts the volatile species to the headspace above the melt but still within the sealed ampoule, thus maximizing the concentration of these species that are in contact with the glass. Above the previously determined solubility of Re7+ in this glass, a molten salt phase segregated to the top of the melt and crystallized into a solid layer. This salt was analyzed with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, as well as wavelength dispersive spectroscopy and was found to be composed of alkali perrhenates (NaReO4, KReO4) and alkali sulfates. Similar crystalline inclusions were found in the bulk of some glasses as well. C1 [Riley, Brian J.; McCloy, John S.; Goel, Ashutosh; Liezers, Martin; Schweiger, Michael J.; Liu, Juan; Rodriguez, Carmen P.; Kim, Dong-Sang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Riley, BJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM brian.riley@pnnl.gov RI Liu, Juan/D-2273-2013; McCloy, John/D-3630-2013; Liu, Juan/G-6035-2016; Goel, Ashutosh/J-9972-2012; OI McCloy, John/0000-0001-7476-7771; Riley, Brian/0000-0002-7745-6730 FU Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC05-76RLO1830]; US Department of Energy; Department of Energy's Waste Treatment & Immobilization Plant Federal Project Engineering Division; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; Department of Energy's DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research at PNNL FX Manuscript Authored by Battelle Memorial Institute Under Contract Number DE-AC05-76RLO1830 with the US Department of Energy. The US Government retains and the publisher, by accepting this article for publication, acknowledges that the US Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allows others to do so for US Government purposes.; This work was supported by the Department of Energy's Waste Treatment & Immobilization Plant Federal Project Engineering Division. The authors thank Orville (Tom) Farmer III for consultation regarding LA-ICP-MS, Clyde Chamberlin for helping prepare the samples, and Jarrod Crum for comments on the study. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. A portion of this work was conducted at the Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research, located at PNNL. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 96 IS 4 BP 1150 EP 1157 DI 10.1111/jace.12280 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 123RH UT WOS:000317407600026 ER PT J AU Piatkivskyi, A Osburn, S Jaderberg, K Grzetic, J Steill, JD Oomens, J Zhao, JF Lau, JKC Verkerk, UH Hopkinson, AC Siu, KWM Ryzhov, V AF Piatkivskyi, Andrii Osburn, Sandra Jaderberg, Kendall Grzetic, Josipa Steill, Jeffrey D. Oomens, Jos Zhao, Junfang Lau, Justin Kai-Chi Verkerk, Udo H. Hopkinson, Alan C. Siu, K. W. Michael Ryzhov, Victor TI Structure and Reactivity of the Distonic and Aromatic Radical Cations of Tryptophan SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE Tryptophan; Radical ions; Ion-molecule reactions; Infrared multiple-photon dissociation; DFT calculations ID CYTOCHROME-C PEROXIDASE; ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; GAS-PHASE; RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; AMINO-ACID; IRMPD SPECTROSCOPY; PEPTIDE RADICALS; INDOLYL RADICALS; ANILINE-AR AB In this work, we regiospecifically generate and compare the gas-phase properties of two isomeric forms of tryptophan radical cations-a distonic indolyl N-radical (H3N+ - TrpN(center dot)) and a canonical aromatic pi (Trp(center dot+)) radical cation. The distonic radical cation was generated by nitrosylating the indole nitrogen of tryptophan in solution followed by collision-induced dissociation (CID) of the resulting protonated N-nitroso tryptophan. The p-radical cation was produced via CID of the ternary [Cu-II(terpy)(Trp)](center dot 2+) complex. CID spectra of the two isomeric species were found to be very different, suggesting no interconversion between the isomers. In gas-phase ion-molecule reactions, the distonic radical cation was unreactive towards n-propylsulfide, whereas the pi radical cation reacted by hydrogen atom abstraction. DFT calculations revealed that the distonic indolyl radical cation is about 82 kJ/mol higher in energy than the pi radical cation of tryptophan. The low reactivity of the distonic nitrogen radical cation was explained by spin delocalization of the radical over the aromatic ring and the remote, localized charge (at the amino nitrogen). The lack of interconversion between the isomers under both trapping and CID conditions was explained by the high rearrangement barrier of ca. 137 kJ/mol. Finally, the two isomers were characterized by infrared multiple-photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy in the similar to 1000-1800 cm(-1) region. It was found that some of the main experimental IR features overlap between the two species, making their distinction by IRMPD spectroscopy in this region problematic. In addition, DFT theoretical calculations showed that the IR spectra are strongly conformation-dependent. C1 [Piatkivskyi, Andrii; Osburn, Sandra; Jaderberg, Kendall; Ryzhov, Victor] No Illinois Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Piatkivskyi, Andrii; Osburn, Sandra; Jaderberg, Kendall; Ryzhov, Victor] No Illinois Univ, Ctr Biochem & Biophys Studies, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Grzetic, Josipa; Steill, Jeffrey D.; Oomens, Jos] FOM Inst Plasma Phys, NL-3439 MN Nieuwegein, Netherlands. [Grzetic, Josipa; Steill, Jeffrey D.; Oomens, Jos] Univ Amsterdam, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Grzetic, Josipa; Steill, Jeffrey D.; Oomens, Jos] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, FELIX Facil, IMM, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Zhao, Junfang; Lau, Justin Kai-Chi; Verkerk, Udo H.; Hopkinson, Alan C.; Siu, K. W. Michael] York Univ, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Zhao, Junfang; Lau, Justin Kai-Chi; Verkerk, Udo H.; Hopkinson, Alan C.; Siu, K. W. Michael] York Univ, Ctr Res Mass Spectrometry, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Steill, Jeffrey D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Verkerk, UH (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. EM uverkerk@yorku.ca; ach@yorku.ca; ryzhov@niu.edu RI Oomens, Jos/F-9691-2015 FU Northern Illinois University; Center for Biochemical and Biophysical Studies of NIU; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO) FX S.O. and V.R. acknowledge support from Northern Illinois University. S.O. also acknowledges support from a travel grant from the Center for Biochemical and Biophysical Studies of NIU. This research was also supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, and made possible by the facilities of the Shared Hierarchical Academic Research Computing Network (http://www.sharcnet.ca) and the High Performance Computing Virtual Laboratory (http://www.hpcvl.org). The authors gratefully acknowledge the expert technical support from the FELIX group and thank in particular Britta Redlich, Giel Berden, and Lex van der Meer. This work is part of the research program of FOM, which receives financial support from the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO). NR 58 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 69 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD APR PY 2013 VL 24 IS 4 BP 513 EP 523 DI 10.1007/s13361-013-0594-0 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 127VS UT WOS:000317727500006 PM 23512424 ER PT J AU Xu, C Chen, HM Sugiyama, Y Zhang, SJ Li, HP Ho, YF Chuang, CY Schwehr, KA Kaplan, DI Yeager, C Roberts, KA Hatcher, PG Santschi, PH AF Xu, Chen Chen, Hongmei Sugiyama, Yuko Zhang, Saijin Li, Hsiu-Ping Ho, Yi-Fang Chuang, Chia-ying Schwehr, Kathleen A. Kaplan, Daniel I. Yeager, Chris Roberts, Kimberly A. Hatcher, Patrick G. Santschi, Peter H. TI Novel molecular-level evidence of iodine binding to natural organic matter from Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Natural organic matter (NOM); Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS); Radioiodine (I-129); Iodide; Iodate; Organo-iodine ID SAVANNA RIVER SITE; ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; RADIOIODINE I-129; FULVIC-ACIDS; IONIZATION; HYDROQUINONE; SPECTROSCOPY; ENVIRONMENT; TRANSPORT AB Major fractions of radioiodine (I-129) are associated with natural organic matter (NOM) in the groundwater and surface soils of the Savannah River Site (SRS). Electrospray ionization coupled to Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR-MS) was applied to elucidate the interactions between inorganic iodine species (iodide and iodate) and a fulvic acid (FA) extracted from a SRS surface soil. Iodate is likely reduced to reactive iodine species by the lignin- and tannin-like compounds or the carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), during which condensed aromatics and lignin-like compounds were generated. Iodide is catalytically oxidized into reactive iodine species by peroxides, while FA is oxidized by peroxides into more aliphatic and less aromatic compounds. Only 9% of the total identified organo-iodine compounds derived from molecules originally present in the FA, whereas most were iodine binding to newly-produced compounds. The resulting iodinated molecules were distributed in three regions in the van Krevelen diagrams, denoting unsaturated hydrocarbons, lignin and protein. Moreover, characteristics of these organo-iodine compounds, such as their relatively low O/C ratios (<0.2 or <0.4) and yet some degree of un-saturation close to that of lignin, have multiple important environmental implications concerning possibly less sterically-hindered aromatic ring system for iodine to get access to and a lower hydrophilicity of the molecules thus to retard their migration in the natural aquatic systems. Lastly, similar to 69% of the identified organo-iodine species contains nitrogen, which is presumably present as -NH2 or -HNCOR groups and a ring-activating functionality to favor the electrophilic substitution. The ESI-FTICR-MS technique provides novel evidence to better understand the reactivity and scavenging properties of NOM towards radioiodine and possible influence of NOM on I-129 migration. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Chen; Zhang, Saijin; Li, Hsiu-Ping; Ho, Yi-Fang; Chuang, Chia-ying; Schwehr, Kathleen A.; Santschi, Peter H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Lab Environm & Oceanog Res, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. [Chen, Hongmei; Sugiyama, Yuko; Hatcher, Patrick G.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Sugiyama, Yuko] Univ Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo 6700092, Japan. [Kaplan, Daniel I.; Roberts, Kimberly A.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Aiken, SC 29808 USA. [Yeager, Chris] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Xu, C (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Lab Environm & Oceanog Res, Bldg 3029, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. EM xuchen66@tamu.edu RI Santschi, Peter/D-5712-2012; Ho, Yi-Fang/H-4198-2013; Chen, Hongmei/N-2818-2013 FU Department of Energy's Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program within the Office of Science [DE-FG02-08ER64567, DE-FC02-07 ER65222]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC09-96SR18500] FX We would like to thank Susan A Hatcher, Rachel L. Sleighter and Jared L. Callan at the COSMIC (College of Sciences Major Instrumentation Cluster) facility at Old Dominion University for their assistance with the FTICR-MS analyses. This work was supported by the Department of Energy's Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program within the Office of Science (DE-FG02-08ER64567 and DE-FC02-07 ER65222) and a grant awarded to Yuko Sugiyama by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). Work was conducted at the Savannah River National Laboratory under the U.S. Department of Energy Contract DE-AC09-96SR18500. NR 44 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 9 U2 85 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 449 BP 244 EP 252 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.064 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 125KH UT WOS:000317538200028 PM 23428755 ER PT J AU Kohwi-Shigematsu, T Poterlowicz, K Ordinario, E Han, HJ Botchkarev, VA Kohwi, Y AF Kohwi-Shigematsu, Terumi Poterlowicz, Krzysztof Ordinario, Ellen Han, Hye-Jung Botchkarev, Vladimir A. Kohwi, Yoshinori TI Genome organizing function of SATB1 in tumor progression SO SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Chromatin structure; Cancer metastasis; Gene regulation; Nuclear architecture; Epigenetics ID BINDING-PROTEIN 1; BREAST-CANCER PATHOGENESIS; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; GENE-EXPRESSION; T-CELLS; CHROMOSOME CONFORMATION; NUCLEAR ARCHITECTURE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; MOLECULAR PORTRAITS AB When cells change functions or activities (such as during differentiation, response to extracellular stimuli, or migration), gene expression undergoes large-scale reprogramming, in cell type- and function-specific manners. Large changes in gene regulation require changes in chromatin architecture, which involve recruitment of chromatin remodeling enzymes and epigenomic modification enzymes to specific genomic loci. Transcription factors must also be accurately assembled at these loci. SATB1 is a genome organizer protein that facilitates these processes, providing a nuclear architectural platform that anchors hundreds of genes, through its interaction with specific genomic sequences; this activity allows expression of all these genes to be regulated in parallel, and enables cells to thereby alter their function. We review and describe future perspectives on SATB1 function in higher-order chromatin structure and gene regulation, and its role in metastasis of breast cancer and other tumor types. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kohwi-Shigematsu, Terumi; Ordinario, Ellen; Han, Hye-Jung; Kohwi, Yoshinori] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Poterlowicz, Krzysztof; Botchkarev, Vladimir A.] Univ Bradford, Ctr Skin Sci, Bradford BD7 1DP, W Yorkshire, England. RP Kohwi-Shigematsu, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM tkohwi-shigematsu@lbl.gov OI Poterlowicz, Krzysztof/0000-0001-6173-5674 FU National Cancer Institute [R37CA039681, R01CA146444]; Medical Research Council UK; NRSA [F32CA138109]; CIRM; Low Dose Radiation Research Program, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Kris Novak for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by National Cancer Institute grants R37CA039681 and R01CA146444 to T.K.-S., the grant from Medical Research Council UK to V.A.B., NRSA fellowship(F32CA138109) to E.O. and CIRM Scholarship to H.-J. H. The work was also supported by Low Dose Radiation Research Program, US Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH11231). NR 95 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1044-579X J9 SEMIN CANCER BIOL JI Semin. Cancer Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 23 IS 2 BP 72 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.semcancer.2012.06.009 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 129XK UT WOS:000317877100003 PM 22771615 ER PT J AU Goergen, S Yin, C Yang, M Lee, B Lee, S Wang, C Wu, P Boucher, MB Kwon, G Seifert, S Winans, RE Vajda, S Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, M AF Goergen, S. Yin, C. Yang, M. Lee, B. Lee, S. Wang, C. Wu, P. Boucher, M. B. Kwon, G. Seifert, S. Winans, R. E. Vajda, S. Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, M. TI Structure Sensitivity of Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexane over FeOx and Au/Fe3O4 Nanocrystals SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE gold; iron oxide; oxidative dehydrogenation; cyclohexane; shape effect; benzene; structure selectivity ID OXIDE CATALYSTS; AU/FE2O3 CATALYSTS; IN-SITU; WATER; GOLD; SIZE; NANOPARTICLES; CLUSTERS; PERFORMANCE; SELECTIVITY AB Shape-controlled nanoscale FeOx and Au/Fe3O4 catalysts with an inverse spinet structure were prepared and tested for the oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexane. The reaction was studied in situ in SAXS/TPRx mode with isothermal steady-state holds. {111}-Bound Fe3O4 nanooctahedra are highly stable under reaction conditions at 300 degrees C, but {100}-bound nanocubes begin to agglomerate above 250 degrees C. The selectivity to cyclohexene and benzene over CO2 depends strongly on the iron oxide shape and its interaction with the gold. When gold is added onto the iron oxide, the formation of benzene over cyclohexene is favored over both shapes. The highest benzene yield was measured on the Au/Fe3O4 octahedra. A parallel study of a commercial polycrystalline Au/Fe2O3 powder was conducted, and the activity and selectivity of this catalyst were compared with the nanoshapes. After leaching of the gold with a sodium cyanide solution and heat treatment, the atomically dispersed gold on the iron oxide surface selectively catalyzed the ODH of cyclohexane to benzene. Stabilization of cationic gold was found by in situ XANES conducted during the ODH reaction. C1 [Goergen, S.; Yang, M.; Wang, C.; Wu, P.; Boucher, M. B.; Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, M.] Tufts Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Yin, C.; Kwon, G.; Vajda, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Lee, B.; Lee, S.; Seifert, S.; Winans, R. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Vajda, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nanosci & Technol Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Vajda, S.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Vajda, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM vajda@anl.gov; maria.flytzani-stephanopoulos@tufts.edu RI Yin, Chunrong/F-8802-2012 FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI program [FA9559-08-1-0309]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Research Fund, Luxembourg; Marie Curie Actions of the European Commission FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support of this work by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURI program, Contract No. FA9559-08-1-0309. The work performed at Argonne was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. S.G. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the National Research Fund, Luxembourg, cofunded under the Marie Curie Actions of the European Commission (FP7-COFUND). NR 52 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 7 U2 120 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 4 BP 529 EP 539 DI 10.1021/cs3007582 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 122OS UT WOS:000317328000008 ER PT J AU Meng, FK Li, JT Cushing, SK Bright, J Zhi, MJ Rowley, JD Hong, ZL Manivannan, A Bristow, AD Wu, NQ AF Meng, Fanke Li, Jiangtian Cushing, Scott K. Bright, Joeseph Zhi, Mingjia Rowley, Joseph D. Hong, Zhanglian Manivannan, Ayyakkannu Bristow, Alan D. Wu, Nianqiang TI Photocatalytic Water Oxidation by Hematite/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites SO ACS CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE photocatalyst; hematite; graphene; water splitting transient absorption spectroscopy ID THIN-FILM; NANOPARTICLES; PERFORMANCE; NANOSTRUCTURE; SEMICONDUCTOR; PHOTOANODES; MONOLAYERS; NANOSHEETS; HYDROGEN; METAL AB The photocatalytic water oxidation activity of hematite (alpha-Fe2O3) has been greatly enhanced by incorporating hematite nanoparticles on the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets. Photoelectrochemical measurement results show that coupling the hematite nanoparticles with the rGO greatly increases the photocurrent and reduces the charge recombination rate. Transient absorption spectroscopy and time-domain terahertz spectroscopy have provided the direct evidence that the photogenerated electrons have transferred as the mobile carriers from alpha-Fe2O3 to rGO, which enhances the charge separation and suppresses the charge recombination. This work has provided new insight into the mechanism of photocatalysis enhancement by reduced graphene oxide, which has implications in the design of semiconductor/graphene heterojunction photocatalysts. C1 [Meng, Fanke; Li, Jiangtian; Bright, Joeseph; Zhi, Mingjia; Wu, Nianqiang] W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Cushing, Scott K.; Rowley, Joseph D.; Bristow, Alan D.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Hong, Zhanglian] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, State Key Lab Silicon Mat, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China. [Manivannan, Ayyakkannu] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. RP Wu, NQ (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM nick.wu@mail.wvu.edu RI Bristow, Alan/F-9703-2013; Zhi, Mingjia/A-6866-2010; Li, Jiangtian/D-6945-2011; Meng, Fanke /F-3978-2010; Wu, Nianqiang/B-9798-2015; Meng, Fanke/D-7395-2017; OI Zhi, Mingjia/0000-0002-4291-0809; Wu, Nianqiang/0000-0002-8888-2444; Meng, Fanke/0000-0001-7961-4248; Bright, Joeseph/0000-0002-9017-0809; Cushing, Scott/0000-0003-3538-2259 FU State of West Virginia [EPS08-01]; West Virginia University Research Corporation; West Virginia EPSCoR Office; National Science Foundation [1102689]; National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51072180] FX The resource and facilities used were partially supported by Research Challenge Grant from the State of West Virginia (EPS08-01), the West Virginia University Research Corporation, and the West Virginia EPSCoR Office. S.K.C. was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (1102689). We are indebted to the West Virginia University Shared Facility. Z. H. is grateful to National Science Foundation of China (NSFC No. 51072180). NR 36 TC 98 Z9 98 U1 18 U2 413 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2155-5435 J9 ACS CATAL JI ACS Catal. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 4 BP 746 EP 751 DI 10.1021/cs300740e PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 122OS UT WOS:000317328000038 ER PT J AU Ndione, PF Garcia, A Widjonarko, NE Sigdel, AK Steirer, KX Olson, DC Parilla, PA Ginley, DS Armstong, NR Richards, RE Ratcliff, EL Berry, JJ AF Ndione, Paul F. Garcia, Andres Widjonarko, N. Edwin Sigdel, Ajaya K. Steirer, K. Xerxes Olson, Dana C. Parilla, Philip A. Ginley, David S. Armstong, Neal R. Richards, Robin E. Ratcliff, Erin L. Berry, Joseph J. TI Highly-Tunable Nickel Cobalt Oxide as a Low-Temperature P-Type Contact in Organic Photovoltaic Devices SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE organic photovoltaics; nickel cobalt oxide; hole transport layer; hydroxyls ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDES; HOLE TRANSPORT LAYER; X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; SURFACE-COMPOSITION; NICO2O4 SPINEL; WORK-FUNCTIONS; BULK; EFFICIENCY; FILMS AB We report on the investigation of nickel cobalt oxide (NixCo3xO4) thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition as hole-transport interlayers (HTL) in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. Films of 7 nm thickness were grown under various oxygen deposition pressures (pO2) in the range of 2200 mTorr. We explore both bulk and surface properties of these thin films. The workfunction (phi) for each of the films was statistically similar (approximate to 4.7 eV), regardless of pO2. There was not a strong dependence of the power conversion efficiency () on the conductivities of the HTLs varying between 0.009 - 10 S/cm. The observed differences in OPV efficiencies (ranging from 1.16 to 2.46%) were correlated to the near surface chemical composition of the NixCo3xO4 HTL, as observed by differences in the relative surface hydroxyl concentration. The critical role of the near-surface composition of the HTL at the HTL/organic interface was further explored by modifying the hydroxyl concentration using an oxygen plasma treatment. This treatment mitigated the impact of surface hydroxyl coverage, demonstrating either identical or increased values for phi and , regardless of initial pO2 in the creation of the NixCo3xO4 HTL. To further explore this we also employed a phosphonic acid surface modification agent on the HTL, increasing phi to 5.2 eV producing the best value of 3.4%, equivalent to the PEDOT:PSS control devices. These results indicate that nickel cobalt oxide is a promising p-type oxide for carrier-selective interlayers in organic solar cells; however, for this to be fully realized the specific surface chemistry at the oxide/polymer interface must be controlled to increase phi and optimize device performance. C1 [Ndione, Paul F.; Garcia, Andres; Widjonarko, N. Edwin; Sigdel, Ajaya K.; Olson, Dana C.; Parilla, Philip A.; Ginley, David S.; Berry, Joseph J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Steirer, K. Xerxes; Armstong, Neal R.; Richards, Robin E.; Ratcliff, Erin L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Ndione, PF (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM paul.ndione@nrel.gov; ratcliff@email.arizona.edu; joe.berry@nrel.gov RI Richards, Ryan/B-3513-2008; Ndione, Paul/O-6152-2015 OI Ndione, Paul/0000-0003-4444-2938 FU Center for Interface Science: Solar Electric Materials (CISSEM); Energy Frontier Research Center through the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001084]; Center for Inverse Design, an Energy Frontier Research Center through the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This paper is based on research supported in part by the Center for Interface Science: Solar Electric Materials (CISSEM), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded through the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Award Number DE-SC0001084 (PFN, AG, ELR, NEW, AKS, RER, KXS, NRA, DCO, JJB), also by the Center for Inverse Design, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded through the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract Number DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PFN, PAP, DSG). We gratefully acknowledge our collaborators from Marder's Group at Georgia Institute of Technology: Prof. Seth Marder and Sergio Paniagua for helpful discussions, and Peter Hotchkiss for preparing the phosphonic acid. We would also like to acknowledge Al Hicks from the NREL Design Team for assisting table of contents figure. NR 56 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 9 U2 180 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1614-6832 J9 ADV ENERGY MATER JI Adv. Energy Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 4 BP 524 EP 531 DI 10.1002/aenm.201200742 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 123YZ UT WOS:000317430700017 ER PT J AU Lin, LS AF Lin, Lianshan TI Nondestructive Testing: A Developing Tool in Science and Engineering SO ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES LA English DT Article C1 [Lin, Lianshan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Lin, LS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mech Properties & Mech Grp, Div Mat Sci & Technol, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008,MS 6069, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM linl@ornl.gov RI Lin, Lianshan/F-1722-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This manuscript was authored by UT-Battelle LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASM INT PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 USA SN 0882-7958 J9 ADV MATER PROCESS JI Adv. Mater. Process. PD APR PY 2013 VL 171 IS 4 BP 17 EP 20 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 127QF UT WOS:000317712800002 ER PT J AU Yang, XF Scheibe, TD Richmond, MC Perkins, WA Vogt, SJ Codd, SL Seymour, JD McKinley, MI AF Yang, Xiaofan Scheibe, Timothy D. Richmond, Marshall C. Perkins, William A. Vogt, Sarah J. Codd, Sarah L. Seymour, Joseph D. McKinley, Matthew I. TI Direct numerical simulation of pore-scale flow in a bead pack: Comparison with magnetic resonance imaging observations SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Pore-scale modeling; Porous media flow; Magnetic resonance imaging; Validation; Computational fluid dynamics ID FIXED-BED REACTORS; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD; SINGLE-PHASE FLOW; POROUS-MEDIA; MULTIPHASE FLOW; REACTIVE TRANSPORT; HEAT-TRANSFER; HETEROGENEOUS MEDIA; PERIODIC ARRAYS AB A significant body of current research is aimed at developing methods for numerical simulation of flow and transport in porous media that explicitly resolve complex pore and solid geometries, and at utilizing such models to study the relationships between fundamental pore-scale processes and macroscopic manifestations at larger (i.e., Darcy) scales. A number of different numerical methods for pore-scale simulation have been developed, and have been extensively tested and validated for simplified geometries. However, validation of pore-scale simulations of fluid velocity for complex, three-dimensional (3D) pore geometries that are representative of natural porous media is challenging due to our limited ability to measure pore-scale velocity in such systems. Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offer the opportunity to measure not only the pore geometry, but also local fluid velocities under steady-state flow conditions in 3D and with high spatial resolution. In this paper, we present a 3D velocity field measured at sub-pore resolution (tens of micrometers) over a centimeter-scale 3D domain using MRI methods. We have utilized the measured pore geometry to perform 3D simulations of Navier-Stokes flow over the same domain using direct numerical simulation techniques. We present a comparison of the numerical simulation results with the measured velocity field. It is shown that the numerical results match the observed velocity patterns well overall except for a variance and small systematic scaling which can be attributed to the known experimental uncertainty in the MRI measurements. The comparisons presented here provide strong validation of the pore-scale simulation methods and new insights for interpretation of uncertainty in MRI measurements of pore-scale velocity. This study also provides a potential benchmark for future comparison of other pore-scale simulation methods. (C) 2012 Elsevier Science. All rights reserved. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Yang, Xiaofan; Scheibe, Timothy D.; Richmond, Marshall C.; Perkins, William A.; McKinley, Matthew I.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Vogt, Sarah J.; Seymour, Joseph D.] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Codd, Sarah L.] Montana State Univ, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Scheibe, TD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Grp, POB 999,MS K9-36, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Tim.Scheibe@pnnl.gov RI Scheibe, Timothy/A-8788-2008; Codd, Sarah/F-1639-2013; Seymour, Joseph/E-8518-2012; Richmond, Marshall/D-3915-2013; Vogt, Sarah/H-1079-2013; Yang, Xiaofan/L-6472-2015 OI Scheibe, Timothy/0000-0002-8864-5772; Seymour, Joseph/0000-0003-4264-5416; Richmond, Marshall/0000-0003-0111-1485; Vogt, Sarah/0000-0002-9009-5183; Yang, Xiaofan/0000-0003-4514-0229 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER); DOE-BER Environmental Remediation Sciences Program [DE-FG02-07-ER-64416]; DOE-BER; National Energy Research Supercomputing Center (NERSC); DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX Research at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER), Subsurface Biogeochemical Research program, through PNNL's Subsurface Science Scientific Focus Area project. Research at Montana State University was supported by grant number DE-FG02-07-ER-64416 from the DOE-BER Environmental Remediation Sciences Program. Computations described here were performed using computational facilities of the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE-BER and located at PNNL, the National Energy Research Supercomputing Center (NERSC), which is supported by the DOE Office of Science under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and the PNNL Institutional Computing (PIC) facility. PNNL is operated for the DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 84 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 EI 1872-9657 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD APR PY 2013 VL 54 BP 228 EP 241 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.01.009 PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 122UT UT WOS:000317344300016 ER PT J AU Waters, JS Lee, WK Westneat, MW Socha, JJ AF Waters, James S. Lee, Wah-Keat Westneat, Mark W. Socha, John J. TI Dynamics of tracheal compression in the horned passalus beetle SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bessbug; biomechanics; convection; insect; tracheae ID DISCONTINUOUS GAS-EXCHANGE; RESPIRATORY-FUNCTION; SILKWORM PUPAE; INSECTS; OXYGEN; TEMPERATURE; VENTILATION; HYPOXIA; SYSTEM; HYPOTHESES AB Waters JS, Lee W, Westneat MW, Socha JJ. Dynamics of tracheal compression in the horned passalus beetle. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 304: R621-R627, 2013. First published February 20, 2013; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00500.2012.-Rhythmic patterns of compression and reinflation of the thin-walled hollow tubes of the insect tracheal system have been observed in a number of insects. These movements may be important for facilitating the transport and exchange of respiratory gases, but observing and characterizing the dynamics of internal physiological systems within live insects can be challenging due to their size and exoskeleton. Using synchrotron X-ray phase-contrast imaging, we observed dynamical behavior in the tracheal system of the beetle, Odontotaenius disjunctus. Similar to observations of tracheal compression in other insects, specific regions of tracheae in the thorax of O. disjunctus exhibit rhythmic collapse and reinflation. During tracheal compression, the opposing sides of a tracheal tube converge, causing the effective diameter of the tube to decrease. However, a unique characteristic of tracheal compression in this species is that certain tracheae collapse and reinflate with a wavelike motion. In the dorsal cephalic tracheae, compression begins anteriorly and continues until the tube is uniformly flattened; reinflation takes place in the reverse direction, starting with the posterior end of the tube and continuing until the tube is fully reinflated. We report the detailed kinematics of this pattern as well as additional observations that show tracheal compression coordinated with spiracle opening and closing. These findings suggest that tracheal compression may function to drive flow within the body, facilitating internal mixing of respiratory gases and ventilation of distal regions of the tracheal system. C1 [Waters, James S.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Lee, Wah-Keat] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Westneat, Mark W.] Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Zool, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Socha, John J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Waters, JS (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM jswaters@princeton.edu RI Waters, James/B-3878-2010 OI Waters, James/0000-0001-7077-9441; Waters, James/0000-0002-9804-1585 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation [0938047]; Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS) FX We thank Kamel Fezzaa for technical assistance, and Jon Harrison, Jaco Klok, Hodjat Pendar, Jennifer Fewell, and Michael LaBarbera for valuable feedback on previous drafts of the manuscript. Rebecca Zapata adapted Robertson's 1962 anatomical illustration in Fig. 1. We also acknowledge many helpful discussions with colleagues in the Harrison Laboratory at Arizona State University, the Socha Laboratory at Virginia Tech, and with students of Michael LaBarbera's Biomechanics of Organisms course at The University of Chicago. We are grateful for the insightful feedback offered by four reviewers. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was provided by the U.S. DOE under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357.; The Charlotte Mangum Student Support Program made it possible for J. S. Waters to present these findings at the annual meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. J. J. Socha was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant 0938047 and by the Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science (ICTAS). NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 304 IS 8 BP R621 EP R627 DI 10.1152/ajpregu.00500.2012 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 126IK UT WOS:000317607300005 PM 23427081 ER PT J AU Hoche, T Ikeno, H Mader, M Henderson, GS Blyth, RIR Sales, BC Tanaka, I AF Hoeche, Thomas Ikeno, Hidekazu Maeder, Marisa Henderson, Grant S. Blyth, Robert I. R. Sales, Brian C. Tanaka, Isao TI Vanadium L-2,L-3 XANES experiments and first-principles multielectron calculations: Impact of second-nearest neighboring cations on vanadium-bearing fresnoites SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE X-ray absorption spectroscopy (V-L-2,L-3 XANES); first-principles multielectron theory; fresnoites; Ba2VSi2O8; K2VV2O8; Rb2VV2O8 ID ELECTRON-ENERGY-LOSS; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; 3D TRANSITION-METALS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; BA2TIGE2O8; SPECTRA AB Transition-metal L-2,L-3 XANES spectra are widely used to determine coordination and valence of the target ion. For decades, experimental fingerprinting, i.e., the comparison with spectra obtained from known reference compounds was the way to interpret spectral features. This approach was based on the common understanding that only anions in the first coordination sphere would determine the near-edge structure, and crystalline references were selected accordingly. Using ab initio charge-transfer multiplet calculations, we demonstrate that there is also a significant impact on spectral features from the second-nearest neighbor cations. This finding is exemplified for three fresnoite-type vanadates, namely Ba2VSi2O8 (BVS), K2VV2O8 (KVV), and Rb2VV2O8 (RVV). The theoretical treatment provides evidence that for the three compounds studied it is not variable bond lengths or bond angles between vanadium and oxygen that make the V-L-2,L-3 XANES spectra different, but the interaction of the target vanadium ions with its neighboring cations (Si for BVS, V for KVV and RVV), which dominates. Therefore, we conclude that simple fingerprinting can result in misleading interpretations when interactions with second-nearest neighboring cations are not taken into account. Ab initio charge-transfer multiplet calculations of spectral shapes (theoretical fingerprinting) should be employed instead to get a deeper understanding of structure-spectra relationships, or the choice of reference spectra should take into account second-nearest neighbors. Our findings are similarly important for the interpretation of electron energy-loss near-edge (ELNES) spectra. C1 [Hoeche, Thomas] Fraunhofer Inst Werkstoffmech IWW, D-06120 Halle, Germany. [Ikeno, Hidekazu] Kyoto Univ, Fukui Inst Fundamental Chem, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068103, Japan. [Maeder, Marisa] Leibniz Inst Oberflachenmodifizierung eV, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Henderson, Grant S.] Univ Toronto, Dept Geol, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada. [Blyth, Robert I. R.] Univ Saskatchewan, Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, SK S7N OX4, Canada. [Sales, Brian C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Correlated Electron Mat Grp, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Tanaka, Isao] Kyoto Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. RP Hoche, T (reprint author), Fraunhofer Inst Werkstoffmech IWW, Walter Hulse Str 1, D-06120 Halle, Germany. EM thomas.hoeche@iwmh.fraunhofer.de RI Hoche, Thomas/J-7850-2012; Tanaka, Isao/B-5941-2009 FU Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; NSERC; NRC; CIHR; University of Saskatchewan FX The assistance of H. Schirmer and R. Keding, by that time at Otto-Schott-Institute for Glass Chemistry, University of Jena, Germany, in the preparation of Ba2VSi2O8 is gratefully acknowledged. Research at Oak Ridge (B.C.S.) was suported by the Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. G.S.H. acknowledges support from NSERC via a discovery grant. The Canadian Light Source is supported by NSERC, NRC, CIHR, and the University of Saskatchewan. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 20 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD APR PY 2013 VL 98 IS 4 BP 665 EP 670 DI 10.2138/am.2013.4335 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA 123FG UT WOS:000317373200016 ER PT J AU Reyes, DF Gonzalez, D Bastiman, F Dominguez, L Hunter, CJ Guerrero, E Roldan, MA Mayoral, A David, JPR Sales, DL AF Reyes, Daniel F. Gonzalez, David Bastiman, Faebian Dominguez, Lara Hunter, Cristopher J. Guerrero, Elisa Roldan, Manuel A. Mayoral, Alvaro David, John P. R. Sales, David L. TI Photoluminescence Enhancement of InAs(Bi) Quantum Dots by Bi Clustering SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID GAAS1-XBIX; EPITAXY; BISMUTH; GROWTH; GAP AB The distribution of bismuth in InAs1-xBix/GaAs quantum dots is analyzed by atomic-column resolution electron microscopy and imaging simulation techniques. A random Bi distribution is measured in the case of <0.03 ML/s Bi flux during the InAs growth with no significant variations in the shape or size of quantum dots, resulting in a low redshift and the degradation of the photoluminescence. However, for a 0.06 ML/s Bi flux the lateral indium segregation into the quantum dots is enhanced and Bi is incorporated inside them. As a result, a strong redshift and an increase of the peak intensity are found in this sample. (C) 2013 The Japan Society of Applied Physics C1 [Reyes, Daniel F.; Gonzalez, David; Dominguez, Lara; Sales, David L.] Univ Cadiz, Dept Ciencia Mat, Cadiz 11510, Spain. [Reyes, Daniel F.; Gonzalez, David; Dominguez, Lara; Sales, David L.] Univ Cadiz, IM & QI, Cadiz 11510, Spain. [Bastiman, Faebian; Hunter, Cristopher J.; David, John P. R.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Sheffield S1 3JD, S Yorkshire, England. [Guerrero, Elisa] Univ Cadiz, Dept Lenguajes & Sistemas Informat, Cadiz 11510, Spain. [Roldan, Manuel A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Mayoral, Alvaro] Univ Zaragoza, LMA, INA, Zaragoza 50018, Spain. RP Reyes, DF (reprint author), Univ Cadiz, Dept Ciencia Mat, Cadiz 11510, Spain. EM daniel.fernandez@uca.es RI Gonzalez, David/F-4253-2012; Guerrero Vazquez, Elisa/F-5407-2010; Sales, David/K-9453-2014; Mayoral, Alvaro/H-2093-2015 OI Gonzalez, David/0000-0001-6879-444X; Guerrero Vazquez, Elisa/0000-0002-8320-0811; Sales, David/0000-0001-6652-514X; Mayoral, Alvaro/0000-0002-5229-2717 FU Spanish MICINN [MAT2010-15206, CSD2009-00013]; JA [P09-TEP-5403]; EU [MP0805]; U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering FX This work was supported by Spanish MICINN (Project No. MAT2010-15206 and Consolider-Ingenio 2010 IMAGINE, CSD2009-00013), JA (Project No. P09-TEP-5403) and EU (COST Action MP0805). Work at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. The authors greatly acknowledge S. J. Pennycook, M. Varela, and S. I. Molina for their support. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 27 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1882-0778 EI 1882-0786 J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS JI Appl. Phys. Express PD APR PY 2013 VL 6 IS 4 AR 042103 DI 10.7567/APEX.6.042103 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 124TC UT WOS:000317488600016 ER PT J AU Brown, EE Hu, DH Abu Lail, N Zhang, X AF Brown, Elvie E. Hu, Dehong Abu Lail, Nehal Zhang, Xiao TI Potential of Nanocrystalline Cellulose-Fibrin Nanocomposites for Artificial Vascular Graft Applications SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; OXIDATION; POLYMERIZATION; SCAFFOLD; FIELD AB The potential of synthesizing new nano-composites from nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) and fibrin for small-diameter replacement vascular graft (SDRVG) application was demonstrated. Periodate oxidation of NCC can augment reactive carbonyl groups on NCC and facilitate its cross-linking with fibrin. NCC-fibrin nanocomposites were synthesized, composed of homogeneously dispersed oxidized NCC (ONCC) in a fibrin matrix, with fibrin providing elasticity and ONCC providing strength. The maximum strength and elongation of the nanocomposites were determined by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and compared with a native blood vessel. The manipulation of degree of oxidation of NCC and the NCC-to-fibrin ratio resulted in the variation of strength and elongation of the nanocomposites, indicating that the nanocomposites can be tailored to conform to the diverse mechanical properties of native blood vessels. A mechanistic understanding of the molecular interactions of ONCC and fibrin was illustrated. This study established fundamental information to utilizing NCC for SDRVG applications. C1 [Brown, Elvie E.; Zhang, Xiao] Washington State Univ, Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Bioprod Sci & Engn Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Hu, Dehong] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Abu Lail, Nehal] Washington State Univ, Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Bioprod Sci & Engn Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM x.zhang@wsu.edu RI Hu, Dehong/B-4650-2010 OI Hu, Dehong/0000-0002-3974-2963 FU National Science Foundation [1067012] FX Funding for this research was partially provided by National Science Foundation (Award No. 1067012). AFM, FTIR, and particle size analysis were performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 72 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD APR PY 2013 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1063 EP 1071 DI 10.1021/bm3019467 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 123EF UT WOS:000317370500015 PM 23421631 ER PT J AU Brier, S Joslyn, C AF Brier, Soren Joslyn, Cliff TI Information in Biosemiotics: Introduction to the Special Issue SO BIOSEMIOTICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Brier, Soren] Copenhagen Business Sch, Dept Int Business Commun, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Joslyn, Cliff] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Joslyn, Cliff] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Brier, S (reprint author), Copenhagen Business Sch, Dept Int Business Commun, Dalgas Have 15, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. EM sb.ikk@cbs.dk NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-1342 J9 BIOSEMIOTICS-NETH JI Biosemiotics PD APR PY 2013 VL 6 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1007/s12304-012-9151-7 PG 7 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics; History & Philosophy of Science GA 126LM UT WOS:000317617700001 ER PT J AU Brier, S Joslyn, C AF Brier, Soren Joslyn, Cliff TI What Does it Take to Produce Interpretation? Informational, Peircean and Code-Semiotic Views on Biosemiotics SO BIOSEMIOTICS LA English DT Article DE Information; Codes; Interpretation; Emergence; Complex systems; Evolution; Consciousness; Peirce semiotics; Biosemiotics ID SYSTEMS AB This paper presents a critical analysis of code-semiotics, which we see as the latest attempt to create paradigmatic foundation for solving the question of the emergence of life and consciousness. We view code semiotics as a an attempt to revise the empirical scientific Darwinian paradigm, and to go beyond the complex systems, emergence, self-organization, and informational paradigms, and also the selfish gene theory of Dawkins and the Peircean pragmaticist semiotic theory built on the simultaneous types of evolution. As such it is a new and bold attempt to use semiotics to solve the problems created by the evolutionary paradigm's commitment to produce a theory of how to connect the two sides of the Cartesian dualistic view of physical reality and consciousness in a consistent way. C1 [Brier, Soren] Copenhagen Business Sch, Dept Business Commun Cognit & Commun, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Joslyn, Cliff] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Seattle, WA USA. [Joslyn, Cliff] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Brier, S (reprint author), Copenhagen Business Sch, Dept Business Commun Cognit & Commun, Dalgas Have 15, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. EM sb.ikk@cbs.dk; cliff.joslyn@pnnl.gov NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1875-1342 EI 1875-1350 J9 BIOSEMIOTICS-NETH JI Biosemiotics PD APR PY 2013 VL 6 IS 1 BP 143 EP 159 DI 10.1007/s12304-012-9153-5 PG 17 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics; History & Philosophy of Science GA 126LM UT WOS:000317617700008 ER PT J AU O'Donnell, J Corry, E Hasan, S Keane, M Curry, E AF O'Donnell, James Corry, Edward Hasan, Souleiman Keane, Marcus Curry, Edward TI Building performance optimization using cross-domain scenario modeling, linked data, and complex event processing SO BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Linked data; Complex event processing; Performance metrics; Building performance analysis AB The scenario modeling method empowers building managers by enabling comprehensive performance analysis in commercial buildings, but is currently limited to data from the building management domain. This paper proposes that Linked Data and Complex Event Processing can form the basis of an interoperability approach that would help to overcome technical and conceptual barriers to cross-domain scenario modeling. In doing so, this paper illustrates the cross-domain potential of scenario modeling to leverage data from different information silos within organizations and demonstrates how to optimize the role of a building manager in the context of his or her organization. Widespread implementations of cross-domain scenario models require a solution that efficiently manages cross-domain data acquisition and post processing underpinned by the principles of linked data combined with complex event processing. An example implementation highlights the benefits of this new approach. Cross-domain scenario models enhance the role of the building manager within an organization and increase the importance of information communicated by building managers to other organizational stakeholders. In addition, new information presented to stakeholders such as facilities managers and financial controllers can help to identify areas of inefficiency while still maintaining building function and optimized energy consumption. Two key challenges to implementing cross-domain scenario modeling are: the data integration of the different domains' sources, and the need to process scenarios in real-time. This paper presents an implementation approach based on linked data to overcome interoperability issues, and Complex Event Processing to handle real-time scenarios. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [O'Donnell, James] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Bldg Technol & Urban Syst Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Corry, Edward; Keane, Marcus] Natl Univ Ireland, Informat Res Unit Sustainable Engn, Galway, Ireland. [Hasan, Souleiman; Curry, Edward] Natl Univ Ireland, Digital Enterprise Res Inst, Galway, Ireland. RP O'Donnell, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Bldg Technol & Urban Syst Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90R3111, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM james.odonnell@ucd.ie; edwardcorry@nuigalway.ie; Souleiman.hasan@deri.org; marcus.keane@nuigalway.ie; ed.curry@deri.org FU Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technology, Building Technologies Program of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-ACO2-05CH11231]; Irish Research Council; Science Foundation Ireland [SFI/08/CE/I1380 (Lion-2)] FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technology, Building Technologies Program of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-ACO2-05CH11231. This work has been funded by the Irish Research Council. This work has been funded by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. SFI/08/CE/I1380 (Lion-2). NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-1323 EI 1873-684X J9 BUILD ENVIRON JI Build. Environ. PD APR PY 2013 VL 62 BP 102 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.01.019 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 120KT UT WOS:000317169900011 ER PT J AU Bouchevreau, B Martineau, C Mellot-Draznieks, C Tuel, A Suchomel, MR Trebosc, J Lafon, O Amoureux, JP Taulelle, F AF Bouchevreau, Boris Martineau, Charlotte Mellot-Draznieks, Caroline Tuel, Alain Suchomel, Matthew R. Trebosc, Julien Lafon, Olivier Amoureux, Jean-Paul Taulelle, Francis TI An NMR-Driven Crystallography Strategy to Overcome the Computability Limit of Powder Structure Determination: A Layered Aluminophosphate Case SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE aluminium; NMR spectroscopy; phosphorus; powders; solid-state structures ID SOLID-STATE NMR; STRUCTURE PREDICTION; DIFFRACTION DATA; FRAMEWORKS; SPECTROSCOPY; AGENT; PHASE C1 [Bouchevreau, Boris; Martineau, Charlotte; Taulelle, Francis] Univ Versailles St Quentin Yvelines, CNRS, UMR 8180, Inst Lavoisier Versailles, F-78035 Versailles, France. [Mellot-Draznieks, Caroline] CNRS, Coll France, FRE 34 88, Lab Chim Proc Biol, F-75005 Paris, France. [Tuel, Alain] Univ Lyon 1, IRCELYON, CNRS, UMR 5256, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France. [Suchomel, Matthew R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Trebosc, Julien; Lafon, Olivier; Amoureux, Jean-Paul] Univ Lille Nord France, CNRS, UMR 8181, UCCS USTL, F-59652 Villeneuve Dascq, France. RP Martineau, C (reprint author), Univ Versailles St Quentin Yvelines, CNRS, UMR 8180, Inst Lavoisier Versailles, 45 Ave Etats Unis, F-78035 Versailles, France. EM charlotte.martineau@chimie.uvsq.fr; taulelle@chimie.uvsq.fr RI Suchomel, Matthew/C-5491-2015; Bouchevreau, Boris/M-9792-2015; Lafon, Olivier/H-1046-2012; TUEL, Alain/E-7176-2017 OI Lafon, Olivier/0000-0002-5214-4060; FU TGE RMN THC [FR3050]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Region Nord/Pas de Calais, Europe (FEDER); CNRS; French Minister of Science; USTL; ENSCL; CortecNet; Bruker BIOSPIN; [ANR-2010-JCJC-0811-01] FX Financial support from the TGE RMN THC FR3050 for conducting the research is gratefully acknowledged. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. J.P.A., O.L., and J.T. are grateful for funding provided by Region Nord/Pas de Calais, Europe (FEDER), CNRS, French Minister of Science, USTL, ENSCL, CortecNet, Bruker BIOSPIN, and contract No. ANR-2010-JCJC-0811-01. Prof. G. Ferey was the source of inspiration for this study that was approached by Dr. J. Dutour, Dr. C. Mellot-Draznieks, and Dr. N. Guillou. The authors thank Prof. D. H. Brouwer and Dr. P. Roussel for advices. NR 31 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 54 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 19 IS 16 BP 5009 EP 5013 DI 10.1002/chem.201203767 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 123OL UT WOS:000317399600008 PM 23468084 ER PT J AU Clikeman, TT Kuvychko, IV Shustova, NB Chen, YS Popov, AA Boltalina, OV Strauss, SH AF Clikeman, Tyler T. Kuvychko, Igor V. Shustova, Natalia B. Chen, Yu-Sheng Popov, Alexey A. Boltalina, Olga V. Strauss, Steven H. TI Regioselective Sequential Additions of Nucleophiles and Electrophiles to Perfluoroalkylfullerenes: Which Cage C Atoms Are the Most Reactive and Why? SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE crystal-structure determination; density functional theory; fullerenes; perfluoroalkylfullerenes; regioselective synthesis ID CYANO ADDUCT-ANIONS; TRIFLUOROMETHYL DERIVATIVES; HIGHER FULLERENES; X-RAY; STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; C-60 DERIVATIVES; F-19 NMR; CHEMISTRY; CRYSTAL AB The sequential addition of CN or CH3 and electrophiles to three perfluoroalkylfullerenes (PFAFs), Cs-C70(CF3)8, C1-C70(CF3)10, and Cs-p-C60(CF3)2, was carried out to determine the most reactive individual fullerene C atoms (as opposed to the most reactive CC bonds, which has previously been studied). Each PFAF reacted with CH3 or CN to generate metastable PFAF(CN) or PFAF(CH3)22 species with high regioselectivity (i.e., one or two predominant isomers). They were treated with electrophiles E+ to generate PFAF(CN)(E) or PFAF(CH3)2(E)2 derivatives, also with high regioselectivity (E+=CN+, CH3+, or H+). All of the predominant products, characterized by mass spectrometry and 19FNMR spectroscopy, are new compounds. Some could be purified by HPLC to give single isomers. Two of them, C70(CF3)8(CN)2 and C70(CF3)10(CH3)2(CN)2, were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. DFT calculations were used to propose whether a particular reaction is under kinetic or thermodynamic control. C1 [Clikeman, Tyler T.; Kuvychko, Igor V.; Shustova, Natalia B.; Boltalina, Olga V.; Strauss, Steven H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Chen, Yu-Sheng] Univ Chicago, Adv Photon Source, ChemMatCARS Beamline, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Popov, Alexey A.] Leibniz Inst Solid State & Mat Res, Dept Electrochem & Conducting Polymers, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. RP Popov, AA (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Solid State & Mat Res, Dept Electrochem & Conducting Polymers, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. EM a.popov@ifw-dresden.de; olga.boltalina@colostate.edu; steven.strauss@colostate.edu RI Popov, Alexey/A-9937-2011; OI Popov, Alexey/0000-0002-7596-0378; Shustova, Natalia/0000-0003-3952-1949 FU Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [PO1602/1-1]; U.S. National Science Foundation [CHE-1012468]; National Science Foundation/Department of Energy [NSF/CHE-0822838]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of BasicEnergy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (PO1602/1-1), and the U.S. National Science Foundation (CHE-1012468) for financial support, Brian S. Newell for determining the structure of C70(CF3)10(33,44-CH3)2< /INF>(23,34-CN)2, and Prof. L. Dunsch for his continuing support. We thank U. Nitzsche for assistance with local computational resources at IFW Dresden and the Research Computing Center at Moscow State University for computing time on the SKIF-Chebyshev supercomputer. ChemMatCARS Sector15 is principally supported by the National Science Foundation/Department of Energy under Grant Number NSF/CHE-0822838. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of BasicEnergy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 29 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0947-6539 EI 1521-3765 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 19 IS 16 BP 5070 EP 5080 DI 10.1002/chem.201203571 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 123OL UT WOS:000317399600017 PM 23418023 ER PT J AU Deng, HL Dai, ZX Wolfsberg, AV Ye, M Stauffer, PH Lu, ZM Kwicklis, E AF Deng, Hailin Dai, Zhenxue Wolfsberg, Andrew V. Ye, Ming Stauffer, Philip H. Lu, Zhiming Kwicklis, Edward TI Upscaling retardation factor in hierarchical porous media with multimodal reactive mineral facies SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Upscaling; Retardation factor; Reactive mineral facies; Hierarchical porous media ID SOLUTE TRANSPORT; HETEROGENEOUS MEDIA; TIME; CONDUCTIVITY; BEHAVIOR AB Aquifer heterogeneity controls spatial and temporal variability of reactive transport parameters and has significant impacts on subsurface modeling of flow, transport, and remediation. Upscaling (or homogenization) is a process to replace a heterogeneous domain with a homogeneous one such that both reproduce the same response. To make reliable and accurate predictions of reactive transport for contaminant in chemically and physically heterogeneous porous media, subsurface reactive transport modeling needs upscaled parameters such as effective retardation factor to perform field-scale simulations. This paper develops a conceptual model of multimodal reactive mineral facies for upscaling reactive transport parameters of hierarchical heterogeneous porous media. Based on the conceptual model, covariance of hydraulic conductivity, sorption coefficient, flow velocity, retardation factor, and cross-covariance between flow velocity and retardation factor are derived from geostatistical characterizations of a three-dimensional unbounded aquifer system. Subsequently, using a Lagrangian approach the scale-dependent analytical expressions are derived to describe the scaling effect of effective retardation factors in temporal and spatial domains. When time and space scales become sufficiently large, the effective retardation factors approximate their composite arithmetic mean. Correlation between the hydraulic conductivity and the sorption coefficient can significantly affect the values of the effective retardation factor in temporal and spatial domains. When the temporal and spatial scales are relatively small, scaling effect of the effective retardation factors is relatively large. This study provides a practical methodology to develop effective transport parameters for field-scale modeling at which remediation and risk assessment is actually conducted. It does not only bridge the gap between bench-scale measurements to field-scale modeling, but also provide new insights into the influence of hierarchical mineral distribution on effective retardation factor. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Deng, Hailin; Dai, Zhenxue; Wolfsberg, Andrew V.; Stauffer, Philip H.; Lu, Zhiming; Kwicklis, Edward] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ye, Ming] Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Ye, Ming] Florida State Univ, Inst Geophys Fluid Dynam, Tallahassee, FL USA. RP Deng, HL (reprint author), CSIRO Land & Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia. EM hailin@lanl.gov; daiz@lanl.go; awolf@lanl.gov; mye@fsu.edu; stauffer@lanl.go; zhiming@lanl.gov; kwicklis@lanl.gov RI Ye, Ming/A-5964-2008; Deng, Hailin/B-4601-2011; OI Stauffer, Philip/0000-0002-6976-221X; Dai, Zhenxue/0000-0002-0805-7621; Lu, Zhiming/0000-0001-5800-3368 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory's Directed Research and Development Project [20070441 ER]; DOE [DE-SC0002687]; ORAU/ORNL High Performance Computing Grant FX The reported research was supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory's Directed Research and Development Project (Number 20070441 ER). The fourth author is supported by the DOE project DE-SC0002687 and ORAU/ORNL High Performance Computing Grant. We are grateful to Harihar Rajaram for his constructive comments on this manuscript. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD APR PY 2013 VL 91 IS 3 BP 248 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.10.105 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 120JT UT WOS:000317167300002 PM 23260249 ER PT J AU Villa, A Schiavoni, M Campisi, S Veith, GM Prati, L AF Villa, Alberto Schiavoni, Marco Campisi, Sebastiano Veith, Gabriel M. Prati, Laura TI Pd-modified Au on Carbon as an Effective and Durable Catalyst for the Direct Oxidation of HMF to 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid SO CHEMSUSCHEM LA English DT Article DE alloys; gold; hydroxymethylfurfural; oxidation; palladium ID BIMETALLIC GOLD/PALLADIUM CATALYSTS; LIQUID-PHASE OXIDATION; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; AEROBIC OXIDATION; GOLD; CHEMICALS; GLYCEROL; ALCOHOL; BIOMASS C1 [Villa, Alberto; Schiavoni, Marco; Campisi, Sebastiano; Prati, Laura] Univ Milan, Dept Chem, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Veith, Gabriel M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Villa, A (reprint author), Univ Milan, Dept Chem, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milan, Italy. EM laura.prati@unimi.it RI Campisi, Sebastiano/N-9722-2013; schiavoni, marco/N-9729-2013; Villa, Alberto/H-7355-2013; Schiavoni, Marco/K-3925-2015; Prati, Laura/Q-3970-2016 OI Villa, Alberto/0000-0001-8656-6256; Schiavoni, Marco/0000-0003-0943-9733; Prati, Laura/0000-0002-8227-9505 FU US Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering FX A portion of this work (G.M.V.) was supported by the US Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. NR 25 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 19 U2 202 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1864-5631 J9 CHEMSUSCHEM JI ChemSusChem PD APR PY 2013 VL 6 IS 4 BP 609 EP 612 DI 10.1002/cssc.201200778 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 123DA UT WOS:000317367400008 PM 23495091 ER PT J AU Earnshaw, WC Allshire, RC Black, BE Bloom, K Brinkley, BR Brown, W Cheeseman, IM Choo, KHA Copenhaver, GP DeLuca, JG Desai, A Diekmann, S Erhardt, S Fitzgerald-Hayes, M Foltz, D Fukagawa, T Gassmann, R Gerlich, DW Glover, DM Gorbsky, GJ Harrison, SC Heun, P Hirota, T Jansen, LET Karpen, G Kops, GJPL Lampson, MA Lens, SM Losada, A Luger, K Maiato, H Maddox, PS Margolis, RL Masumoto, H McAinsh, AD Mellone, BG Meraldi, P Musacchio, A Oegema, K O'Neill, RJ Salmon, ED Scott, KC Straight, AF Stukenberg, PT Sullivan, BA Sullivan, KF Sunkel, CE Swedlow, JR Walczak, CE Warburton, PE Westermann, S Willard, HF Wordeman, L Yanagida, M Yen, TJ Yoda, K Cleveland, DW AF Earnshaw, W. C. Allshire, R. C. Black, B. E. Bloom, K. Brinkley, B. R. Brown, W. Cheeseman, I. M. Choo, K. H. A. Copenhaver, G. P. DeLuca, J. G. Desai, A. Diekmann, S. Erhardt, S. Fitzgerald-Hayes, M. Foltz, D. Fukagawa, T. Gassmann, R. Gerlich, D. W. Glover, D. M. Gorbsky, G. J. Harrison, S. C. Heun, P. Hirota, T. Jansen, L. E. T. Karpen, G. Kops, G. J. P. L. Lampson, M. A. Lens, S. M. Losada, A. Luger, K. Maiato, H. Maddox, P. S. Margolis, R. L. Masumoto, H. McAinsh, A. D. Mellone, B. G. Meraldi, P. Musacchio, A. Oegema, K. O'Neill, R. J. Salmon, E. D. Scott, K. C. Straight, A. F. Stukenberg, P. T. Sullivan, B. A. Sullivan, K. F. Sunkel, C. E. Swedlow, J. R. Walczak, C. E. Warburton, P. E. Westermann, S. Willard, H. F. Wordeman, L. Yanagida, M. Yen, T. J. Yoda, K. Cleveland, D. W. TI Esperanto for histones: CENP-A, not CenH3, is the centromeric histone H3 variant SO CHROMOSOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE centromere; CENP-A; histone; kinetochore; CenH3 ID CHROMATIN; NOMENCLATURE; KINETOCHORE; PROTEINS; DISTINCT; COMPLEX AB The first centromeric protein identified in any species was CENP-A, a divergent member of the histone H3 family that was recognised by autoantibodies from patients with scleroderma-spectrum disease. It has recently been suggested to rename this protein CenH3. Here, we argue that the original name should be maintained both because it is the basis of a long established nomenclature for centromere proteins and because it avoids confusion due to the presence of canonical histone H3 at centromeres. C1 [Earnshaw, W. C.; Allshire, R. C.] Univ Edinburgh, Wellcome Trust Ctr Cell Biol, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, Midlothian, Scotland. [Black, B. E.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bloom, K.; Copenhaver, G. P.; Salmon, E. D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Brinkley, B. R.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Brown, W.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Biol, Sch Med, Queens Med Ctr, Nottingham NG7 2UH, England. [Cheeseman, I. M.] MIT, Whitehead Inst, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Cheeseman, I. M.] MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Choo, K. H. A.] Royal Childrens Hosp, Dept Paediat, Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. [Copenhaver, G. P.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Ctr Genome Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [DeLuca, J. G.; Luger, K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Desai, A.; Oegema, K.; Cleveland, D. W.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ludwig Inst Canc Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Diekmann, S.] FLI, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Erhardt, S.] Heidelberg Univ, DKFZ ZMBH Alliance, INF 282, ZMBH, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Fitzgerald-Hayes, M.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Foltz, D.] Univ Virginia, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Fukagawa, T.] Natl Inst Genet, Dept Mol Genet, Mishima, Shizuoka 4118540, Japan. [Gassmann, R.; Maiato, H.; Sunkel, C. E.] Univ Porto, IBMC, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. [Gerlich, D. W.] Austrian Acad Sci IMBA, Inst Mol Biotechnol, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. [Glover, D. M.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Genet, Cambridge CB2 3EH, England. [Gorbsky, G. J.] Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. [Harrison, S. C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Jack & Eileen Connors Struct Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Harrison, S. C.] Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Heun, P.] Max Planck Inst Immunobiol & Epigenet, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany. [Hirota, T.] JFCR, Inst Canc, Koto Ku, Tokyo 1358550, Japan. [Jansen, L. E. T.] Inst Gulbenkian Ciencias, P-2780156 Oeiras, Portugal. [Karpen, G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Karpen, G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kops, G. J. P. L.; Lens, S. M.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Med Oncol, NL-3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. [Kops, G. J. P. L.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Canc Genom Netherlands, NL-3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. [Lampson, M. A.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Losada, A.] Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr CNIO, Mol Oncol Programme, Chromosome Dynam Grp, Madrid 28029, Spain. [Maddox, P. S.] Univ Montreal, Dept Pathol & Cell Biol, IRIC, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Margolis, R. L.] Sanford Burnham Med Res Inst, Tumor Dev Program, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Masumoto, H.] Kazusa DNA Res Inst, Dept Human Genome Res, Kisarazu, Chiba 2920818, Japan. [McAinsh, A. D.] Univ Warwick, Warwick Med Sch, Div Biomed Cell Biol, Ctr Mechanochem Cell Biol, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Mellone, B. G.; O'Neill, R. J.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Meraldi, P.] Univ Geneva, Physiol & Metab Dept, Fac Med, Geneva, Switzerland. [Musacchio, A.] Max Planck Inst Mol Physiol, Dept Mechanist Cell Biol, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany. [Scott, K. C.; Sullivan, B. A.] Duke Univ, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Inst Genome Sci & Policy, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Straight, A. F.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biochem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Stukenberg, P. T.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Sullivan, K. F.] Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Nat Sci, Ctr Chromosome Biol, Galway, Ireland. [Sunkel, C. E.] Univ Porto, ICBAS, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. [Swedlow, J. R.] Univ Dundee, Coll Life Sci, Ctr Gene Regulat & Express, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland. [Walczak, C. E.] Indiana Univ, Med Sci Program, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Warburton, P. E.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Genet & Genom Sci, New York, NY USA. [Westermann, S.] Res Inst Mol Pathol IMP, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. [Willard, H. F.] Duke Univ, Inst Genome Sci & Policy, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Wordeman, L.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Yanagida, M.] Grad Univ, Okinawa Inst Sci & Technol, Cell Unit G0, Onnason, Okinawa 9040495, Japan. [Yen, T. J.] Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. [Yoda, K.] Nagoya Univ, Biosci & Biotechnol Ctr, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. RP Earnshaw, WC (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Wellcome Trust Ctr Cell Biol, Mayfield Rd, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, Midlothian, Scotland. EM bill.earnshaw@ed.ac.uk; dcleveland@ucsd.edu RI Maiato, Helder/J-9466-2013; McAinsh, Andrew/C-6438-2012; Sunkel, Claudio/J-3352-2013; Gassmann, Reto/M-6488-2013; Copenhaver, Gregory/A-7549-2014; Losada, Ana/H-5917-2015; OI /0000-0002-3829-5612; Kops, Geert/0000-0003-3555-5295; Swedlow, Jason/0000-0002-2198-1958; McAinsh, Andrew/0000-0001-6808-0711; Sullivan, Beth/0000-0001-5216-4603; Meraldi, Patrick/0000-0001-9742-8756; Gorbsky, Gary/0000-0003-3076-4725; Musacchio, Andrea/0000-0003-2362-8784; Straight, Aaron/0000-0001-5885-7881; Jansen, Lars/0000-0002-2158-0345; Mellone, Barbara/0000-0002-2785-5119; Maiato, Helder/0000-0002-6200-9997; Sunkel, Claudio/0000-0002-2963-9380; Gassmann, Reto/0000-0002-0360-2977; Copenhaver, Gregory/0000-0002-7962-3862; Losada, Ana/0000-0001-5251-3383; Yen, Tim/0000-0003-2159-0997; Glover, David/0000-0003-0956-0103; Stukenberg, Todd/0000-0002-6788-2111 FU Wellcome Trust [073915, 095021]; NIH [R01-GM082989, GM088313, GM074150, R01GM088371, 5R01GM61169, GM083988, R01GM088716, R37GM024364, R01GM074728, R01 GM063045, R01 GM098500, GM059618, GM69429, CA06927]; Career Award in the Biomedical Sciences from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund; Rita Allen Foundation Scholar Award; National Science Foundation [MCB-1121563]; Cabinet Office, Government of Japan, through its 'Funding Program for Next Generation World-Leading Researchers' [LS122]; EMBO Installation Grant; European Community's Seventh Framework Programme [241548, 258068]; ERC Starting Grant [281198]; Cancer Research UK; MRC; NIH/NIGMS [R01-50412]; Oklahoma Center for Advancement of Science and Technology; McCasland Foundation; European Research Council; Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan (MEXT); FCT [BIA-BCM/100557/2008, BIAPRO/100537/2008]; ERC (KINSIGN); Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research [NWO-Vici-016.130.661, NWO-Vici-91812610]; Dutch Cancer Society [UU2009-4311, UU2011-5134]; Spanish Ministry of Economy [CSD2007-015, SAF2010-25157]; EU; FCT (COMPETE-FEDER) [PTDC/SAU-GMG/099704/2008, PTDC/SAU-ONC/112917/2009]; Human Frontier Science Program; BBSRC [BB/I021353/1, BB/H013024]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan; Kazusa DNA Research Institute Foundation; CCSRI [700824]; Swiss National Foundation, University of Geneva; Foundation Louis-Jeantet; March of Dimes [6-FY10-294]; Science Foundation Ireland [12/IA/1370]; Fundacao para Ciencia e Tecnologia of Portugal; COMPETE; ON2; NSF [1024973]; [077707]; [092076]; [R37 GM32238] FX WCE and RCA are Principal Reseach Fellows of the Wellcome Trust [grant numbers 073915 and 095021, respectively]. The Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology is supported by core grant numbers 077707 and 092076. BEB is funded by NIH R01-GM082989, a Career Award in the Biomedical Sciences from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund and a Rita Allen Foundation Scholar Award. KB is funded by grant R37 GM32238. IMC is funded by NIH grant GM088313. DWC is an Investigator of the Ludwig Institute, whose centromere work is supported by NIH grant GM074150. GPC thanks the National Science Foundation (MCB-1121563) for support. JGD is supported by NIH R01GM088371. TF is supported by the Cabinet Office, Government of Japan, through its 'Funding Program for Next Generation World-Leading Researchers'(LS122). RG is funded by an EMBO Installation Grant. DWG is funded by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreements no. 241548 (MitoSys) and no. 258068 (Systems Microscopy) and from an ERC Starting Grant (no. 281198). DMG is supported by Cancer Research UK and the MRC. GJG is funded by NIH/NIGMS R01-50412, the Oklahoma Center for Advancement of Science and Technology and the McCasland Foundation. PH is funded by Seventh Framework Programme grant BioSynCen from the European Research Council. TH is funded by Research Grants from the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan (MEXT). LETJ is funded by FCT grants BIA-BCM/100557/2008, BIAPRO/100537/2008 and an EMBO installation grant. GK is funded by NIH grant 5R01GM61169, GJPLK is supported by grants from the ERC (KINSIGN) and the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO-Vici-016.130.661). MAL is funded by NIH grant GM083988. SML is supported by grants from the Dutch Cancer Society (UU2009-4311, UU2011-5134) and the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO-Vici-91812610). AL is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy (grants CSD2007-015 and SAF2010-25157) and the EU (Marie Curie ITN "Nucleosome 4D"). HM is funded by grants PTDC/SAU-GMG/099704/2008 and PTDC/SAU-ONC/112917/2009 from FCT (COMPETE-FEDER), the Human Frontier Science Program and the 7th framework program grant PRECISE from the European Research Council. ADM is funded by BBSRC grant (BB/I021353/1). RLM is funded by NIH grant R01GM088716. HM is supported in part by Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan, and the Kazusa DNA Research Institute Foundation. PSM is supported by a grant from the CCSRI (700824). BGM is funded by NSF award number 1024973. PM is funded by the Swiss National Foundation, University of Geneva and the Foundation Louis-Jeantet. RJO is supported by the NSF. EDS is funded by NIH grant R37GM024364. AFS is funded by NIH grant R01GM074728. PTS is funded by NIH grant number-R01 GM063045. BS is funded by NIH R01 GM098500 and March of Dimes 6-FY10-294. KFS is funded by Science Foundation Ireland grant 12/IA/1370. CES is funded by grants from the Fundacao para Ciencia e Tecnologia of Portugal, COMPETE and ON2. JRS is funded by BBSRC grant BB/H013024. CEW is funded by NIH grant GM059618. LW is funded by NIH grant GM69429. TY is funded by NIH grant GM083988, Core Grant CA06927, and an appropriation from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. NR 15 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0967-3849 J9 CHROMOSOME RES JI Chromosome Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 21 IS 2 BP 101 EP 106 DI 10.1007/s10577-013-9347-y PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 127HL UT WOS:000317688800001 PM 23580138 ER PT J AU Peckham, SD Hutton, EWH Norris, B AF Peckham, Scott D. Hutton, Eric W. H. Norris, Boyana TI A component-based approach to integrated modeling in the geosciences: The design of CSDMS SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Component software; CCA; CSDMS; Modeling; Code generation ID DRIVEN; SYSTEM AB Development of scientific modeling software increasingly requires the coupling of multiple, independently developed models. Component-based software engineering enables the integration of plug-and- play components, but significant additional challenges must be addressed in any specific domain in order to produce a usable development and simulation environment that also encourages contributions and adoption by entire communities. In this paper we describe the challenges in creating a coupling environment for Earth-surface process modeling and the innovative approach that we have developed to address them within the Community Surface Dynamics Modeling System. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Peckham, Scott D.; Hutton, Eric W. H.] Univ Colorado, CSDMS, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Norris, Boyana] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hutton, EWH (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CSDMS, 1560 30th St,UCB 450, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM Scott.Peckham@colorado.edu; Eric.Hutton@colorado.edu; norris@mcs.anl.gov OI Norris, Boyana/0000-0001-5811-9731 FU National Science Foundation [EAR 0621695]; Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FC-0206-ER-25774] FX CSDMS gratefully acknowledges major funding through a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (EAR 0621695). Additional work was supported by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contracts DE-AC02-06CH11357 and DE-FC-0206-ER-25774. CSDMS is a community effort and we are especially grateful for the active involvement of many model contributors. We would also like to thank the entire CSDMS team with special thanks to our executive director, James Syvitski for his guidance and support and to Jisamma Kallumadikal for her programming work on the CMT. NR 29 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-3004 EI 1873-7803 J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK JI Comput. Geosci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2012.04.002 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 120IM UT WOS:000317164000002 ER PT J AU Jarvis, KG Yan, QQ Grim, CJ Power, KA Franco, AA Hu, L Gopinath, G Sathyamoorthy, V Kotewicz, ML Kothary, MH Lee, C Sadowski, J Fanning, S Tall, BD AF Jarvis, Karen G. Yan, Qiong Q. Grim, Christopher J. Power, Karen A. Franco, Augusto A. Hu, Lan Gopinath, Gopal Sathyamoorthy, Venugopal Kotewicz, Michael L. Kothary, Mahendra H. Lee, Chloe Sadowski, Jennifer Fanning, Seamus Tall, Ben D. TI Identification and Characterization of Five New Molecular Serogroups of Cronobacter spp. SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD; ANTIGEN GENE CLUSTERS; O-ANTIGENS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ENTEROBACTER-SAKAZAKII; TRANSPORTERS; SEROTYPE; GENOMES AB Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) is an emerging foodborne pathogen consisting of seven species including C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus, C. muytjensii, C. turicensis, C. dublinensis (with three subspecies, dublinensis, lausannensis, and lactaridi), C. universalis, and C. condimenti. To date, 12 Cronobacter serogroups have been identified. In this study, MboII restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns and DNA sequences of O-antigen gene clusters were used to identify novel serogroups of Cronobacter spp. Sequence analysis of the O-antigen regions, located between galF and gnd, of strains with distinct restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns revealed five unique gene clusters. These new O-antigen gene clusters were species specific and were termed C. turicensis O3, C. muytjensii O2, C. dublinensis O1, C. dublinensis O2, and C. universalis O1. Polymerase chain reaction assays were developed using primers specific to O-antigen processing genes and used to screen a collection of Cronobacter strains to determine the frequency of these newly identified serotypes. C1 [Jarvis, Karen G.; Grim, Christopher J.; Franco, Augusto A.; Hu, Lan; Gopinath, Gopal; Sathyamoorthy, Venugopal; Kotewicz, Michael L.; Kothary, Mahendra H.; Lee, Chloe; Sadowski, Jennifer; Tall, Ben D.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Jarvis, Karen G.; Grim, Christopher J.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Yan, Qiong Q.; Power, Karen A.; Fanning, Seamus] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Publ Hlth Physiotherapy & Populat Sci, WHO Collaborating Ctr Res Reference & Training Cr, UCD Ctr Food Safety, Dublin 2, Ireland. RP Jarvis, KG (reprint author), US FDA, Lab 3412, MOD Facil 1, Virulence Mech Branch HFS 025,Div Virulence Asses, 8301 Muirkirk Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM karen.jarvis@fda.hhs.gov OI Fanning, Seamus/0000-0002-1922-8836; Tall, Ben/0000-0003-0399-3629 FU Department of Energy FX We thank Atin R. Datta, Barbara A. McCardell, and Kevin Gaido, for reviewing this manuscript. K. G. Jarvis, L. Hu, and C. J. Grim are Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellows and the authors wish to thank the Department of Energy for their support. NR 29 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 21 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD APR PY 2013 VL 10 IS 4 BP 343 EP 352 DI 10.1089/fpd.2012.1344 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 122YB UT WOS:000317353400008 PM 23566272 ER PT J AU Guidry, M Messer, B AF Guidry, Mike Messer, Bronson TI The physics and astrophysics of Type Ia supernova explosions SO FRONTIERS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Guidry, Mike; Messer, Bronson] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Guidry, Mike] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Guidry, Mike] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Messer, Bronson] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Guidry, M (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM guidry@utk.edu; bmesser@ornl.gov RI Messer, Bronson/G-1848-2012 OI Messer, Bronson/0000-0002-5358-5415 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS PI BEIJING PA SHATANHOU ST 55, BEIJING 100009, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 2095-0462 J9 FRONT PHYS-BEIJING JI Front. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 8 IS 2 BP 111 EP 115 DI 10.1007/s11467-013-0317-9 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 123YF UT WOS:000317427900001 ER PT J AU Parete-Koon, ST Smith, CR Papatheodore, TL Messer, OEB AF Parete-Koon, Suzanne T. Smith, Christopher R. Papatheodore, Thomas L. Messer, O. E. Bronson TI A review of direct numerical simulations of astrophysical detonations and their implications SO FRONTIERS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE supernova; detonations; direct numerical simulations ID EVALUATING SYSTEMATIC DEPENDENCIES; IA-SUPERNOVAE; NETWORK; FLAMES; HYDRODYNAMICS; PROPAGATION; STABILITY; ACCURACY; ENERGY; MODEL AB Multi-dimensional direct numerical simulations (DNS) of astrophysical detonations in degenerate matter have revealed that the nuclear burning is typically characterized by cellular structure caused by transverse instabilities in the detonation front. Type Ia supernova modelers often use onedimensional DNS of detonations as inputs or constraints for their whole star simulations.While these one-dimensional studies are useful tools, the true nature of the detonation is multi-dimensional. The multi-dimensional structure of the burning influences the speed, stability, and the composition of the detonation and its burning products, and therefore, could have an impact on the spectra of Type Ia supernovae. Considerable effort has been expended modeling Type Ia supernovae at densities above 1x10(7) g center dot cm(-3) where the complexities of turbulent burning dominate the flame propagation. However, most full star models turn the nuclear burning schemes off when the density falls below 1x10(7) g center dot cm(-3) and distributed burning begins. The deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) is believed to occur at just these densities and consequently they are the densities important for studying the properties of the subsequent detonation. This work will review the status of DNS studies of detonations and their possible implications for Type Ia supernova models. It will cover the development of Detonation theory from the first simple Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) detonation models to the current models based on the time-dependent, compressible, reactive flow Euler equations of fluid dynamics. C1 [Parete-Koon, Suzanne T.; Messer, O. E. Bronson] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Smith, Christopher R.; Papatheodore, Thomas L.; Messer, O. E. Bronson] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Parete-Koon, ST (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM suzanne@phy.ornl.gov; csmith55@utk.edu; tpapathe@utk.edu; bronson@ornl.gov RI Messer, Bronson/G-1848-2012; OI Messer, Bronson/0000-0002-5358-5415; Papatheodore, Thomas/0000-0002-6991-4332 NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 20 PU HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS PI BEIJING PA NO 4 DEWAI DAJIE, BEIJING 100120, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 2095-0462 J9 FRONT PHYS-BEIJING JI Front. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 8 IS 2 BP 189 EP 198 DI 10.1007/s11467-013-0279-y PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 123YF UT WOS:000317427900005 ER PT J AU Travaglio, C Hix, WR AF Travaglio, Claudia Hix, W. Raphael TI Nucleosynthesis in thermonuclear supernovae SO FRONTIERS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Review DE supernovae; nuclear reactions; explosive nucleosynthesis; stellar spectra; hydrodynamics; chemical evolution ID ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; CHANDRASEKHAR-MASS MODELS; NUCLEAR-ENERGY GENERATION; DELAYED-DETONATION MODEL; WHITE-DWARF MODELS; IA SUPERNOVAE; QUASI-EQUILIBRIUM; LIGHT CURVES; EXPLOSIVE NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; STELLAR HYDRODYNAMICS AB We review our understanding of the nucleosynthesis that occurs in thermonuclear supernovae and their contribution to Galactic Chemical evolution. We discuss the prospects to improve the modeling of the nucleosynthesis within simulations of these events. C1 [Travaglio, Claudia] INAF Astrophys Observ Turin, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Hix, W. Raphael] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Hix, W. Raphael] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Travaglio, C (reprint author), INAF Astrophys Observ Turin, Str Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. EM travaglio@oato.inaf.it; raph@utk.edu RI Hix, William/E-7896-2011 OI Hix, William/0000-0002-9481-9126 FU Regione Lombardia; CILEA Consortium through a LISA Initiative (Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Advanced Simulation); B2FH Association; Office of Nuclear Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation FX C. Travaglio thanks Regione Lombardia, CILEA Consortium through a LISA Initiative (Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Advanced Simulation) 2010 grant, and B2FH Association, for their support. C. Travaglio also thanks R. Gallino, W. Hillebrandt and F. Roepke for their fruitful collaboration. W. R. Hix acknowledges support from the Office of Nuclear Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy and the Nuclear Theory and Stellar Astrophysics programs of the U.S. National Science Foundation. W. R. Hix thanks E. Feger, M. W. Guidry, O. E. B. Messer, S. Parete-Koon and F.-K. Thielemann for invaluable discussions. NR 100 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 11 PU HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS PI BEIJING PA SHATANHOU ST 55, BEIJING 100009, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 2095-0462 J9 FRONT PHYS-BEIJING JI Front. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 8 IS 2 BP 199 EP 216 DI 10.1007/s11467-013-0315-y PG 18 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 123YF UT WOS:000317427900006 ER PT J AU Oldenburg, CM Pan, LH AF Oldenburg, Curtis M. Pan, Lehua TI Utilization of CO2 as cushion gas for porous media compressed air energy storage SO GREENHOUSE GASES-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CO2; cushion gas; CAES; utilization; carbon sequestration; CO2 storage ID SIMULATION; RESERVOIR AB Porous media compressed air energy storage (PM-CAES) and geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) can potentially be combined when CO2 is used as the cushion gas. The large increase in density of CO2 around its critical pressure at near-critical temperature means that a PM-CAES reservoir operated around the CO2 critical pressure could potentially store more air (energy) for a given pressure rise in the reservoir. One-dimensional (1D) radial TOUGH2 simulations of PM-CAES with CO2 as the cushion gas have been carried out to investigate pressurization and gas-gas mixing effects. We find that pervasive pressure gradients in PM-CAES make it desirable to position the air-CO2 interface close to the well, but cushion gas at such locations is subject to strong and undesirable air-CO2 mixing and subsequent production of CO2 up the well. To avoid this negative effect, CO2 cushion gas should be located at the far outer margins of storage reservoirs where mixing will be very slow. In such a configuration, the super-compressibility of CO2 will not be exploited, but CO2 can be stored in the GCS context potentially earning significant value for the PM-CAES project depending on the price of carbon. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd C1 [Oldenburg, Curtis M.; Pan, Lehua] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Oldenburg, CM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth Sci Div 90 1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cmoldenburg@lbl.gov RI Oldenburg, Curtis/L-6219-2013; Pan, Lehua/G-2439-2015 OI Oldenburg, Curtis/0000-0002-0132-6016; FU Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy; Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy (DOE), Office of Coal and Power Systems, through the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Stefan Finsterle (LBNL) for constructive internal review comments. This work was supported in part by the Office of Science, U. S. Department of Energy, and by the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy (DOE), Office of Coal and Power Systems, through the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), and by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 22 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA SN 2152-3878 J9 GREENH GASES JI Greenh. Gases PD APR PY 2013 VL 3 IS 2 BP 124 EP 135 DI 10.1002/ghg.1332 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 123ZF UT WOS:000317431400006 ER PT J AU Gordon, JC Czerwinski, K Francesconi, L AF Gordon, John C. Czerwinski, Kenneth Francesconi, Lynn TI Preface: Forum on Aspects of Inorganic Chemistry Related to Nuclear Energy SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID URANIUM C1 [Gordon, John C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Czerwinski, Kenneth] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Francesconi, Lynn] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10065 USA. RP Gordon, JC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, MS J582, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jgordon@lanl.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3405 EP 3406 DI 10.1021/ic4006136 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 119JT UT WOS:000317094300001 PM 23541298 ER PT J AU Moyer, BA Custelcean, R Hay, BP Sessler, JL Bowman-James, K Day, VW Kang, SO AF Moyer, Bruce A. Custelcean, Radu Hay, Benjamin P. Sessler, Jonathan L. Bowman-James, Kristin Day, Victor W. Kang, Sung-Ok TI A Case for Molecular Recognition in Nuclear Separations: Sulfate Separation from Nuclear Wastes SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURE-BASED DESIGN; ANION-BINDING PROPERTIES; COMPUTER-AIDED-DESIGN; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SELECTIVE CRYSTALLIZATION; BOROSILICATE GLASSES; HYBRID MACROCYCLES; EXPANDED PORPHYRIN; HYDROGEN-BONDS; EXCHANGE RESIN AB In this paper, we present the case for molecular-recognition approaches for sulfate removal from radioactive wastes via the use of anion-sequestering systems selective for sulfate, using either liquid liquid extraction or crystallization. Potential benefits of removing sulfate from the waste include improved vitrification of the waste, reduced waste-form volume, and higher waste-form performance, all of which lead to potential cleanup schedule acceleration and cost savings. The need for sulfate removal from radioactive waste, especially legacy tank wastes stored at the Hanford site, is reviewed in detail and primarily relates to the low solubility of sulfate in borosilicate glass. Traditional methods applicable to the separation of sulfate from radioactive wastes are also reviewed, with the finding that currently no technology has been identified and successfully demonstrated to meet this need. Fundamental research in the authors' laboratories targeting sulfate as an important representative of the class of oxoanions is based on the hypothesis that designed receptors may provide the needed ability to recognize sulfate under highly competitive conditions, in particular where the nitrate anion concentration is high. Receptors that have been shown to have promising affinity for sulfate, either in extraction or in crystallization experiments, include hexaurea tripods, tetraamide macrocycles, cyclo[8]pyrroles, calixpyrroles, and self-assembled urea-lined cages. Good sulfate selectivity observed in the laboratory provides experimental support for the proposed molecular-recognition approach. C1 [Moyer, Bruce A.; Custelcean, Radu; Hay, Benjamin P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Sessler, Jonathan L.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bowman-James, Kristin; Day, Victor W.; Kang, Sung-Ok] Univ Kansas, Dept Chem, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Moyer, BA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM moyerba@ornl.gov RI Custelcean, Radu/C-1037-2009; Moyer, Bruce/L-2744-2016 OI Custelcean, Radu/0000-0002-0727-7972; Moyer, Bruce/0000-0001-7484-6277 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER63741, DE-FG02-01ER15186, DE-FG02-04ER63745]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0316623]; Robert A. Welch Foundation [F-1018] FX Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was sponsored by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Research at The University of Texas at Austin was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (Grants DE-FG02-04ER63741 and DE-FG02-01ER15186 to J.L.S.). Work at the University of Kansas was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (Grant DE-FG02-04ER63745 to K.B.-J.) and the National Science Foundation (Grant CHE-0316623 to K.B.-J.). Acknowledgement is also made to the Robert A. Welch Foundation (grant F-1018 to J.L.S.). NR 181 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 7 U2 91 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 EI 1520-510X J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3473 EP 3490 DI 10.1021/ic3016832 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 119JT UT WOS:000317094300007 PM 23134587 ER PT J AU Kersting, AB AF Kersting, Annie B. TI Plutonium Transport in the Environment SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NEVADA TEST-SITE; SYNTHETIC MAGNETITE FE3O4; INORGANIC COLLOIDS; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; REDOX BEHAVIOR; NATURAL-WATERS; IONIC-STRENGTH; SORPTION; GROUNDWATER; ACTINIDES AB The recent estimated global stockpile of separated plutonium (Pu) worldwide is about 500 t, with equal contributions from nuclear weapons and civilian nuclear energy. Independent of the United States' future nuclear energy policy, the current large and increasing stockpile of Pu needs to be safely isolated from the biosphere and stored for thousands of years. Recent laboratory and field studies have demonstrated the ability of colloids (1-1000 nm particles) to facilitate the migration of strongly sorbing contaminants such as Pu. In understanding the dominant processes that may facilitate the transport of Pu, the initial source chemistry and groundwater chemistry are important factors, as no one process can explain all the different field observations of Pu transport. Very little is known about the molecular-scale geochemical and biochemical mechanisms controlling Pu transport, leaving our conceptual model incomplete. Equally uncertain are the conditions that inhibit the cycling and mobility of Pu in the subsurface. Without a better mechanistic understanding for Pu at the molecular level, we cannot advance our ability to model its transport behavior and achieve confidence in predicting long-term transport. Without a conceptual model that can successfully predict long-term Pu behavior and ultimately isolation from the biosphere, the public will remain skeptical that nuclear energy is a viable and an attractive alternative to counter global warming effects of carbon-based energy alternatives. This review summarizes our current understanding of the relevant conditions and processes controlling the behavior of Pu in the environment, gaps in our scientific knowledge, and future research needs. C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Kersting, AB (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst, L-231,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kersting1@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-577472] FX The author thanks the two reviewers who improved the quality of the manuscript along with discussions and suggestions from Mavrik Zavarin, James Begg and Mark Boggs. This work was supported by the Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contracts DE-AC52-07NA27344 and LLNL-JRNL-577472. NR 117 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 13 U2 145 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3533 EP 3546 DI 10.1021/ic3018908 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 119JT UT WOS:000317094300010 PM 23458827 ER PT J AU Clark, DL Conradson, SD Donohoe, RJ Gordon, PL Keogh, DW Palmer, PD Scott, BL Tait, CD AF Clark, David L. Conradson, Steven D. Donohoe, Robert J. Gordon, Pamela L. Keogh, D. Webster Palmer, Phillip D. Scott, Brian L. Tait, C. Drew TI Chemical Speciation of Neptunium(VI) under Strongly Alkaline Conditions. Structure, Composition, and Oxo Ligand Exchange SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; OXYGEN-EXCHANGE; INTRA-5F FLUORESCENCE; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; URANYL HYDROXIDE; EXAFS; COMPLEXES; NP(VI) AB Heacavalent neptunium can be solubilized in 0.5-3.5 M aqueous MOH (M = Li+, Na+, NMe4+ = TMA(+)) solutions. Single crystals were obtained from cooling of a dilute solution of Co(NH3)(6)Cl-3 and NpO22+ in 3.5 M [N(Me)(4)]OH to 5 C. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study revealed the molecular formula of [Co(NH3)(6)](2)[NpO2(OH)(4)](3)center dot H2O, isostructural with the uranium analogue. The asymmetric unit contains three distinct NpO2(OH)(4)(2-) ions, each with pseudooctahedral coordination geometry with trans-oxo ligands. The average Np=O and Np-OH distances were determined to be 1.80(1) and 2.24(1) angstrom, respectively. EXAFS data and fits at the Np L-III-edge on solid [Co(NH3)(6)](2)[NpO2(OH)(4)](3)center dot H2O and aqueous solutions of NpO22+ in 2.5 and 3.5 M (TMA)OH revealed bond lengths nearly identical with those determined by X-ray diffraction but with an increase in the number of equatorial ligands with increasing (TMA)OH concentration. Raman spectra of single crystals of [Co(NH3)(6)](2)[NpO2(OH)(4)](3)center dot H2O reveal a nu(1)(O=Np=O) symmetric stretch at 741 cm(-1). Raman spectra of NpO22+ recorded in a 0.6-2.2 M LiOH solution reveal a single nu(1) frequency of 769 cm(-1). Facile exchange of the neptunyl oxo ligands with the water solvent was also observed with Raman spectroscopy performed with O-16- and O-18-enriched water solvent. The combination of EXAFS and Raman data suggests that NpO2(OH)(4)(2-) is the dominant solution species under the conditions of study and that a small amount of a second species, NpO2(OH)(5)(3-), may also be present at higher alkalinity. Crystal data for [Co(NH3)(6)](2)[NpO2(OH)(4)](3)center dot H2O: monoclinic, space group C2/c, a = 17.344(4) angstrom, b = 12.177(3) angstrom, c = 15.273 angstrom, beta = 120.17(2)degrees, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0359, wR2 = 0.0729. C1 [Clark, David L.; Conradson, Steven D.; Donohoe, Robert J.; Gordon, Pamela L.; Keogh, D. Webster; Palmer, Phillip D.; Scott, Brian L.; Tait, C. Drew] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Clark, DL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dlclark@lanl.gov RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017 OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396 FU Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX We thank Drs. H. J. Dewey, T. W. Newton, D. E. Morris, M. P. Neu, and W. Runde for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. All XAFS measurements were performed at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), a national user facility operated by Stanford University on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Health Physics support at SSRL was provided by the Los Alamos National Laboratory section of the Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Studies. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 61 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3547 EP 3555 DI 10.1021/ic3020139 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 119JT UT WOS:000317094300011 PM 23485079 ER PT J AU Poineau, F Mausolf, E Jarvinen, GD Sattelberger, AP Czerwinski, KR AF Poineau, Frederic Mausolf, Edward Jarvinen, Gordon D. Sattelberger, Alfred P. Czerwinski, Kenneth R. TI Technetium Chemistry in the Fuel Cycle: Combining Basic and Applied Studies SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS; BOROHYDRIDE REDUCTION; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TRICHLORIDE; BEHAVIOR; RHENIUM; ION AB Technetium is intimately linked with nuclear reactions. The ultraminute natural levels in the environment are due to the spontaneous fission of uranium isotopes. The discovery of technetium was born from accelerator reactions, and its use and presence in the modern world are directly due to nuclear reactors. While occupying a central location in the periodic table, the chemistry of technetium is poorly explored, especially when compared to its neighboring elements, i.e., molybdenum, ruthenium, and rhenium. This state of affairs, which is tied to the small number of laboratories equipped to work with the long-lived Tc-99 isotope, provides a remarkable opportunity to combine basic studies with applications for the nuclear fuel cycle. An example is given through examination of the technetium halide compounds. Binary metal halides represent some of the most fundamental of inorganic compounds. The synthesis of new technetium halides demonstrates trends with structure, coordination number, and speciation that can be utilized in the nuclear fuel cycle. Examples are provided for technetium-zirconium alloys as waste forms and the formation of reduced technetium species in separations. C1 [Poineau, Frederic; Mausolf, Edward; Sattelberger, Alfred P.; Czerwinski, Kenneth R.] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Jarvinen, Gordon D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Seaborg Inst, Stockpile Mfg & Support Directorate, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Sattelberger, Alfred P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Engn & Syst Anal Directorate, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Czerwinski, KR (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. EM czerwin2@unlv.nevada.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Development of Alternative Technetium Waste Forms, INL/Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC [89445]; SISGR-Fundamental Chemistry of Technetium-99 Incorporated into Metal Oxide, Phosphate and Sulfide: Toward Stabilization of Low-Valent Technetium [47824B]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-Eng-38] FX The authors thank the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Development of Alternative Technetium Waste Forms, INL/Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC (Grant 89445), SISGR-Fundamental Chemistry of Technetium-99 Incorporated into Metal Oxide, Phosphate and Sulfide: Toward Stabilization of Low-Valent Technetium (Contract 47824B), U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Contract W-31-109-Eng-38), for funding. Outstanding laboratory safety and health physics support, an essential component for technetium research, was provided by Trevor Low and Julie Bertoia. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 53 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3573 EP 3578 DI 10.1021/ic3016468 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 119JT UT WOS:000317094300014 PM 23153109 ER PT J AU Horvath, S Fernandez, LE Appel, AM Hammes-Schiffer, S AF Horvath, Samantha Fernandez, Laura E. Appel, Aaron M. Hammes-Schiffer, Sharon TI pH-Dependent Reduction Potentials and Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Mechanisms in Hydrogen-Producing Nickel Molecular Electrocatalysts SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SIMPLE COMPUTATIONAL MODEL; H-2 PRODUCTION; PENDANT AMINES; ELECTROCHEMICAL APPROACH; CONTINUUM APPROXIMATION; THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS; SOLVATION ENERGY; CONCERTED PROTON; ORBITAL METHODS; RATE-CONSTANT AB The nickel-based (P2N2Bn)-N-Ph electrocatalysts comprised of a nickel atom and two 1,5-dibenzyl-3,7-diphenyl-1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane ligands catalyze H-2 production in acetonitrile. Recent electrochemical experiments revealed a linear dependence of the Ni-II/I reduction potential on pH with a slope of 57 mV/pH unit, implicating a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) process with the same number of electrons and protons transferred. The combined theoretical and experimental studies herein provide an explanation for this pH dependence in the context of the overall proposed catalytic mechanism. In the proposed mechanisms, the catalytic cycle begins with a series of intermolecular proton transfers from an acid to the pendant amine ligand and electrochemical electron transfers to the nickel center to produce the doubly protonated Ni-0 species, a precursor to H-2 evolution. The calculated Ni-II/I reduction potentials of the doubly protonated species are in excellent agreement with the experimentally observed reduction potential in the presence of strong acid, suggesting that the catalytically active species leading to the peak observed in these cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments is doubly protonated. The Ni-II/0 reduction potential was found to be slightly more positive than the Ni-II/I reduction potential, indicating that the Ni-I/0 reduction occurs spontaneously after the Ni-II/I reduction, as implied by the experimental observation of a single CV peak. These results suggest that the PCET process observed in the CV experiments is a two-electron/two-proton process corresponding to an initial double protonation followed by two reductions. On the basis of the experimental and theoretical data, the complete thermodynamic scheme and the Pourbaix diagram were generated for this catalyst. The Pourbaix diagram, which identifies the most thermodynamically stable species at each reduction potential and pH value, illustrates that this catalyst undergoes different types of PCET processes for various pH ranges. These thermodynamic insights will aid in the design of more effective molecular catalysts for H-2 production. C1 [Horvath, Samantha; Hammes-Schiffer, Sharon] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Fernandez, Laura E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Appel, Aaron M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ctr Mol Electrocatalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Hammes-Schiffer, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, 600 South Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM shs3@illinois.edu RI Hammes-Schiffer, Sharon/B-7325-2013; Fernandez, Laura E/H-9592-2014; OI Fernandez, Laura E/0000-0001-7927-2233; Appel, Aaron/0000-0002-5604-1253 FU Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX We thank Brian Solis, Alexander Soudackov, Monte Helm, Shentan Chen, and Simone Raugei for their helpful scientific discussions and insights. We would especially like to thank Wendy Shaw, Ming-Hsun Ho, and Roger Rousseau for their assistance with the Pourbaix diagrams. This research was supported as part of the Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. NR 62 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 68 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3643 EP 3652 DI 10.1021/ic302056j PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 119JT UT WOS:000317094300026 PM 23477912 ER PT J AU Griffiths, TL Martin, LR Zalupski, PR Rawcliffe, J Sarsfield, MJ Evans, NDM Sharrad, CA AF Griffiths, Tamara L. Martin, Leigh R. Zalupski, Peter R. Rawcliffe, John Sarsfield, Mark J. Evans, Nick D. M. Sharrad, Clint A. TI Understanding the Solution Behavior of Minor Actinides in the Presence of EDTA(4-), Carbonate, and Hydroxide Ligands SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HIGH IONIC-STRENGTH; TERNARY COMPLEXATION; LASER LUMINESCENCE; STRUCTURAL ASPECTS; THERMODYNAMICS; AM(III); ACID; LANTHANIDE; CM(III); BINARY AB The aqueous solution behavior of An(III) (An = Am or Cm) in the presence of EDTA(4-) (ethylenediamine tetraacetate), CO32- (carbonate), and OH- (hydroxide) ligands has been probed in aqueous nitrate solution (various concentrations) at room temperature by UV-vis absorption and luminescence spectroscopies (Cm systems analyzed using UV-vis only). Ternary complexes have been shown to exist, including [An(EDTA)(CO3)](3-)((aq)), (where An = Am-III or Cm-III), which form over the pH range 8 to 11. It is likely that carbonate anions and water molecules are in dynamic exchange for complexation to the [An(EDTA)]-((aq)) species. The carbonate ion is expected to bind as a bidentate ligand and replaces two coordinated water molecules in the [An(EDTA)]-((aq)) complex. In a 1:1 Am-III/EDTA(4-) binary system, luminescence spectroscopy shows that the number of coordinated water molecules (N-H2O) decreases from similar to 8 to similar to 3 as pH is increased from approximately 1 to 10. This is likely to represent the formation of the [Am(EDTA)(H2O)(3)](-) species as pH is raised. For a 1:1:1 Am-III/EDTA(4-)/CO32- ternary system, the N-H2O to the [Am(EDTA)](-)((aq)) species over the pH range 8 to 11 falls between 2 and 3 (cf. similar to 3 to similar to 4 in the binary system) indicating formation of the [An(EDTA)(CO3)](3-)((aq)) species. As pH is further increased from approximately 10 to 12 in both systems, there is a sharp decrease in N-H2O from similar to 3 to similar to 2 in the binary system and from to similar to 2 to similar to 1 in the ternary system. This is likely to correlate to the formation of hydrolyzed species (e.g., [Am(EDTA)(OH)](2-)((aq)) and/or Am(OH)(3(s))). C1 [Griffiths, Tamara L.; Sharrad, Clint A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Chem, Ctr Radiochem Res, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Martin, Leigh R.; Zalupski, Peter R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Aqueous Separat & Radiochem Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Rawcliffe, John; Sarsfield, Mark J.] Sellafield, Natl Nucl Lab, Seascale CA20 1PG, Cumbria, England. [Evans, Nick D. M.] Univ Loughborough, Dept Chem, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England. [Sharrad, Clint A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Chem Engn & Analyt Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Sharrad, Clint A.] Univ Manchester, Res Ctr Radwaste & Decommissioning, Dalton Nucl Inst, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. RP Griffiths, TL (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Chem, Ctr Radiochem Res, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM Clint.A.Sharrad@manchester.ac.uk RI Martin, Leigh/P-3167-2016; Sharrad, Clint/E-2499-2017 OI Martin, Leigh/0000-0001-7241-7110; Sharrad, Clint/0000-0001-7372-8666 FU Nuclear Decommissioning Authority U.K.; University of Manchester; RCUK through MBase consortium; DOE NE FCR&D Thermodynamics and Kinetics program, under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX This work was supported by the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority U.K. (student bursary for TLG, research fellowship for CAS and the work at NNL), the University of Manchester Alumni Fund (TLG), and also the RCUK Energy Programme through its support of the MBase consortium. The work at INL was supported from the DOE NE FCR&D Thermodynamics and Kinetics program, under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. We wish to acknowledge helpful discussions with Louise Natrajan on the luminescence work. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 37 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3728 EP 3737 DI 10.1021/ic302260a PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 119JT UT WOS:000317094300034 PM 23496236 ER PT J AU Roberts, JAS Bullock, RM AF Roberts, John A. S. Bullock, R. Morris TI Direct Determination of Equilibrium Potentials for Hydrogen Oxidation/Production by Open Circuit Potential Measurements in Acetonitrile SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIA; SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC BASICITY SCALE; HYDRIDE DONOR ABILITIES; NEUTRAL BRONSTED ACIDS; H-2 PRODUCTION; ELECTRODE-POTENTIALS; ELECTROCHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS; SUBSTITUTED PYRIDINES; MOLECULAR CATALYSIS; CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY AB Open circuit potentials were measured for acetonitrile solutions of a variety of acids and their conjugate bases under 1 atm H-2. Acids examined were triethylammonium, dimethylformamidium, 2,6-dichloroanilinium, 4-cyanoanilinium, 4-bromoanilinium, and 4-anisidinium salts. These potentials, along with the pK(a) values of the acids, establish the value of the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) potential in acetonitrile as -0.028(4) V vs the ferrocenium/ferrocene couple. Dimethylformamidium forms homoconjugates and other aggregates with dimethylformamide; open circuit potentials (OCPs) were used to quantify the extent of these reactions. Overpotentials for electrocatalytic hydrogen production and oxidation were determined from open circuit potentials and voltammograms of acidic or basic catalyst solutions under H-2. For these solutions, agreement between OCP values and potentials calculated using the Nernst equation is within 12 mV. Use of the measured equilibrium potential allows direct comparison of catalytic systems in different media; it requires neither pK(a) values, homoconjugation constants, nor the SHE potential. C1 [Roberts, John A. S.; Bullock, R. Morris] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Ctr Mol Electrocatalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Roberts, JAS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Ctr Mol Electrocatalysis, POB 999,K2-57, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM john.roberts@pnnl.gov RI Bullock, R. Morris/L-6802-2016 OI Bullock, R. Morris/0000-0001-6306-4851 FU Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX This research was supported as part of the Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the US Department of Energy. The authors thank Dr. Daniel DuBois, Prof. James M. Mayer, Dr. Aaron Appel, and Dr. Simone Raugei for invaluable discussions. NR 51 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 3 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3823 EP 3835 DI 10.1021/ic302461q PG 13 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 119JT UT WOS:000317094300045 PM 23488870 ER PT J AU Grabstanowicz, LR Gao, SM Li, T Rickard, RM Rajh, T Liu, DJ Xu, T AF Grabstanowicz, Lauren R. Gao, Shanmin Li, Tao Rickard, Robert M. Rajh, Tijana Liu, Di-Jia Xu, Tao TI Facile Oxidative Conversion of TiH2 to High-Concentration Ti3+-Self-Doped Rutile TiO2 with Visible-Light Photoactivity SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; DOPED ANATASE TIO2; PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY; SURFACE; SITES; TI3+; NANOPARTICLES; ABSORPTION; MECHANISMS; STABILITY AB TiO2, in the rutile phase with a high concentration of self-doped Ti3+, has been synthesized via a facile, all inorganic-based, and scalable method of oxidizing TiH2 in H2O2 followed by calcinations in Ar gas. The material was shown to be photoactive in the visible-region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Powdered X-ray diffraction (PXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared (UV-vis-NIR), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) methods were used to characterize the crystalline, structural, and optical properties and specific surface area of the assynthesized Ti3+-doped rutile, respectively. The concentration of Ti3+ was quantitatively studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) to be as high as one Ti3+ per similar to 4300 Ti4+. Furthermore, methylene blue (MB) solution and an industry wastewater sample were used to examine the photocatalytic activity of the Ti3+-doped TiO2 which was analyzed by UV-vis absorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). In comparison to pristine anatase TiO2, our Ti3+ self-doped rutile sample exhibited remarkably enhanced visible-light photocatalytic degradation on organic pollutants in water. C1 [Grabstanowicz, Lauren R.; Gao, Shanmin; Rickard, Robert M.; Xu, Tao] No Illinois Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Li, Tao] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rajh, Tijana] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Grabstanowicz, Lauren R.; Liu, Di-Jia] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Xu, T (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM txu@niu.edu RI li, tao/K-8911-2012 OI li, tao/0000-0001-5454-1468 FU National Science Foundation [CBET-1150617]; U of Chicago Argonne, LLC [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX T.X. acknowledges the support from National Science Foundation (CBET-1150617). The electron microscopy was conducted at the Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research at Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 by U of Chicago Argonne, LLC. D.J.L. also thanks the support by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We also thank Dr. Xiao-Min Lin for technique support on UV-vis-NIR measurement. NR 37 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 9 U2 146 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3884 EP 3890 DI 10.1021/ic3026182 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 119JT UT WOS:000317094300052 PM 23506305 ER PT J AU Shaffer, KJ Davidson, RJ Burrell, AK McCleskey, TM Plieger, PG AF Shaffer, Karl J. Davidson, Ross J. Burrell, Anthony K. McCleskey, T. Mark Plieger, Paul G. TI Encapsulation of the Be-II Cation: Spectroscopic and Computational Study SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC BERYLLIUM DISEASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; SEQUESTERING AGENTS; SHIELDING TENSORS; METAL IONS; CU-II; COMPLEXES; HYDROLYSIS; TOXICITY AB The structures of a series of tetracoordinate beryllium(II) complexes with ligands derived from tertiary-substituted amines have been computationally modeled and their Be-9 magnetic shielding values determined using the gauge-including atomic orbital (GIAO) method at the 6-311++g(2d,p) level. A good correlation was observed between calculated Be-9 NMR chemical shifts when compared to experimental values in polar protic solvents, less so for the values recorded in polar aprotic solvents. A number of alternative complex structures were modeled, resulting in an improvement in experimental versus computational Be-9 NMR chemical shifts, suggesting that in some cases full encapsulation on the beryllium atom was not occurring. Several of the synthesized complexes gave rise to unexpected fluorescence, and inspection of the calculated molecular orbital diagrams associated with the electronic transitions suggested that the rigidity imparted by the locking of certain conformations upon Be-II coordination allowed delocalization across adjacent aligned aromatic rings bridged by Be-II. C1 [Shaffer, Karl J.; Davidson, Ross J.; Plieger, Paul G.] Massey Univ, Chem Inst Fundamental Sci, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. [Burrell, Anthony K.; McCleskey, T. Mark] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Chem Div MS J582, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Plieger, PG (reprint author), Massey Univ, Chem Inst Fundamental Sci, Turitea Campus,Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. EM P.G.Plieger@massey.ac.nz OI Mccleskey, Thomas/0000-0003-3750-3245 FU New Zealand Tertiary Education Commission; New Zealand Postgraduate Study Abroad Award; Institute of Fundamental Sciences Postgraduate Travel Fund; Marsden Fund Council from Government funding FX K.J.S. would like to thank the New Zealand Tertiary Education Commission for a Top Achiever Doctorial Scholarship, the New Zealand Postgraduate Study Abroad Award, and the Institute of Fundamental Sciences Postgraduate Travel Fund for funding to conduct this research. Supported by the Marsden Fund Council from Government funding, administered by the Royal Society of New Zealand. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 EI 1520-510X J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3969 EP 3975 DI 10.1021/ic302770t PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 119JT UT WOS:000317094300061 PM 23477474 ER PT J AU Heiden, ZM Chen, ST Mock, MT Dougherty, WG Kassel, WS Rousseau, R Bullock, RM AF Heiden, Zachariah M. Chen, Shentan Mock, Michael T. Dougherty, William G. Kassel, W. Scott Rousseau, Roger Bullock, R. Morris TI Protonation of Ferrous Dinitrogen Complexes Containing a Diphosphine Ligand with a Pendent Amine SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COUPLED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; HYDROGENASE ACTIVE-SITE; SINGLE MOLYBDENUM CENTER; N-2 REDUCTION; DIHYDROGEN COMPLEXES; MOLECULAR DINITROGEN; CATALYTIC-REDUCTION; CALCULATED DETAILS; NITROGEN-FIXATION; OXYGEN REDUCTION AB The addition of acids to ferrous dinitrogen complexes [FeX(N-2)((PNPEt)-N-Et-P-Me)(dmpm)](+) (X = H, Cl, or Br; (PNPEt)-N-Et-P-Me = Et2PCH2N(Me)CH2PEt2; and dmpm = Me2PCH2PMe2) gives protonation at the pendent amine of the diphosphine ligand rather than at the dinitrogen ligand. This protonation increased the nu(N2) band of the complex by 25 cm(-1) and shifted the Fe(II/I) couple by 0.33 V to a more positive potential. A similar IR shift and a slightly smaller shift of the Fe(II/I) couple (0.23 V) was observed for the related carbonyl complex [FeH(CO)((PNPEt)-N-Et-P-Me)(dmpm)](+). [FeH((PNPEt)-N-Et-P-Me)(dmpm)](+) was found to bind N-2 about three times more strongly than NH3. Computational analysis showed that coordination of N-2 to Fe(II) centers increases the basicity of N-2 (vs free N-2) by 13 and 20 pK(a) units for the trans halides and hydrides, respectively. Although the iron center increases the basicity of the bound N2 ligand, the coordinated N-2 is not sufficiently basic to be protonated. In the case of ferrous dinitrogen complexes containing a pendent methylamine, the amine site was determined to be the most basic site by 30 pK(a) units compared to the N-2 ligand. The chemical reduction of these ferrous dinitrogen complexes was performed in an attempt to increase the basicity of the N-2 ligand enough to promote proton transfer from the pendent amine to the N-2 ligand. Instead of isolating a reduced Fe(0)-N-2 complex, the reduction resulted in isolation and characterization of HFe(Et2PC(H)N(Me)CH2PEt2)((PNPEt)-N-Et-P-Me), the product of oxidative addition of the methylene C-H bond of the (PNPEt)-N-Et-P-Me ligand to Fe. C1 [Heiden, Zachariah M.; Chen, Shentan; Mock, Michael T.; Rousseau, Roger; Bullock, R. Morris] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Ctr Mol Electrocatalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Dougherty, William G.; Kassel, W. Scott] Villanova Univ, Dept Chem, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. RP Mock, MT (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Ctr Mol Electrocatalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Michael.Mock@pnnl.gov RI Rousseau, Roger/C-3703-2014; Bullock, R. Morris/L-6802-2016 OI Bullock, R. Morris/0000-0001-6306-4851 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences FX This work was supported as part of the Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Computational resources were provided by the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle for DOE. We thank Dr. Daniel DuBois for helpful discussions. NR 96 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 62 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 52 IS 7 BP 4026 EP 4039 DI 10.1021/ic4000704 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 119JT UT WOS:000317094300069 PM 23506204 ER PT J AU Asad, A Smith, S Kong, LG Mume, E Jeffery, C Morandeau, L Price, R AF Asad, Ali Smith, Suzanne Kong, Linggen Mume, Eskender Jeffery, Charmaine Morandeau, Laurence Price, Roger TI OPTIMISATION OF CONJUGATION & 64Cu-RADIOLABELLING EFFICIENCY OF POLYSTYRENE NANOPARTICLES FUNCTIONALISED WITH CARBOXYLATE GROUPS USING THE BIFUNCTIONAL COPPER CHELATOR SARAR SO INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Asad, Ali; Jeffery, Charmaine; Morandeau, Laurence; Price, Roger] Sir Charles Gairdner Hosp, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. [Asad, Ali] Imaging & Appl Phys Curtin Univ, Perth, WA, Australia. [Smith, Suzanne] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Kong, Linggen; Mume, Eskender] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Jeffery, Charmaine] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Forens Sci, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Price, Roger] Univ Western Australia, Sch Phys, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1444-0903 J9 INTERN MED J JI Intern. Med. J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 43 SU 1 SI SI BP 12 EP 13 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 126DO UT WOS:000317592300037 ER PT J AU Zeevaart, JR Wagener, J Marjanovic-Painter, B Sathekge, M Soni, N Zinn, C Perkins, G Smith, S AF Zeevaart, Jan Rijn Wagener, Judith Marjanovic-Painter, Biljana Sathekge, Mike Soni, Nischal Zinn, Christa Perkins, Gary Smith, Suzanne TI PRODUCTION OF HIGH SPECIFIC ACTIVITY 195mPt-CISPLATINUM AT NECSA FOR PHASE 0 CLINICAL TRIALS IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS SUBJECTS SO INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Zeevaart, Jan Rijn; Wagener, Judith; Marjanovic-Painter, Biljana] Necsa, Radiochem, Pretoria, South Africa. [Sathekge, Mike; Soni, Nischal; Zinn, Christa] Univ Pretoria, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Perkins, Gary; Smith, Suzanne] ANSTO, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia. [Smith, Suzanne] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI sebastianovitsch, stepan/G-8507-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1444-0903 J9 INTERN MED J JI Intern. Med. J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 43 SU 1 SI SI BP 14 EP 15 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 126DO UT WOS:000317592300042 ER PT J AU Wu, YH Ren, HY AF Wu, Yanhua Ren, Huiying TI On the impacts of coarse-scale models of realistic roughness on a forward-facing step turbulent flow SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND FLUID FLOW LA English DT Article DE Turbulence; Rough-wall turbulent flow; Forward-facing step flow; Multi-resolution analysis ID MULTIRESOLUTION SIGNAL DECOMPOSITION; IRREGULAR SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; WAVELET; LAYER AB The present work explores the impacts of the coarse-scale models of realistic roughness on the turbulent boundary layers over forward-facing steps. The surface topographies of different scale resolutions were obtained from a novel multi-resolution analysis using discrete wavelet transform. PIV measurements are performed in the streamwise-wall-normal (x-y) planes at two different spanwise positions in turbulent boundary layers at Re-h = 3450 and delta/h = 8, where h is the mean step height and delta is the incoming boundary layer thickness. It was observed that large-scale but low-amplitude roughness scales had small effects on the forward-facing step turbulent flow. For the higher-resolution model of the roughness, the turbulence characteristics within 2h downstream of the steps are observed to be distinct from those over the original realistic rough step at a measurement position where the roughness profile possesses a positive slope immediately after the steps front. On the other hand, much smaller differences exist in the flow characteristics at the other measurement position whose roughness profile possesses a negative slope following the step's front. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Yanhua] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Ren, Huiying] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hydrol Tech Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Wu, YH (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. EM yanhuawu@ntu.edu.sg RI Wu, Yanhua/A-3839-2011 FU Wright State University at Dayton, OH, USA FX This study is partly supported by Wright State University at Dayton, OH, USA. The authors thank Prof. Christensen at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for providing the roughness topography data. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0142-727X J9 INT J HEAT FLUID FL JI Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow PD APR PY 2013 VL 40 BP 15 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2013.01.015 PG 17 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 122OE UT WOS:000317326600002 ER PT J AU McFarlane, SA Long, CN Flaherty, J AF McFarlane, Sally A. Long, Charles N. Flaherty, Julia TI A Climatology of Surface Cloud Radiative Effects at the ARM Tropical Western Pacific Sites SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MIDLATITUDE CONTINENTAL CLOUDS; SGP CENTRAL FACILITY; PART II; FRACTION; REGIMES; MODELS AB Cloud radiative effects on surface downwelling fluxes are investigated using datasets from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) sites in the tropical western Pacific Ocean (TWP) region. The Nauru Island (Republic of Nauru) and Darwin, Australia, sites show large variability in sky cover, downwelling radiative fluxes, and surface cloud radiative effect (CRE) that is due to El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Australian monsoon, respectively, whereas the Manus Island (Papua New Guinea) site shows little intraseasonal or interannual variability. At Nauru, the average shortwave (SW) surface CRE varies from -38.2 W m(-2) during La Nina conditions to -90.6 W m(-2) during El Nino conditions. The average longwave (LW) CRE ranges from 9.5 to 15.8 W m(-2) during La Nina and El Nino conditions, respectively. At Manus, the average SW and LW CREs vary by less than 5 and 2 W m(-2), respectively, between the ENSO phases. The variability at Darwin is even larger than at Nauru, with average SW (LW) CRE ranging from -27.0 (8.6) W m(-2) in the dry season to -95.8 (17.0) W m(-2) in the wet season. Cloud radar measurements of cloud-base and cloud-top heights are used to define cloud types to examine the effect of cloud type on the surface CRE. Clouds with low bases contribute 71%-75% of the surface SW CRE and 66%-74% of the surface LW CRE at the three TWP sites, clouds with midlevel bases contribute 8%-9% of the SWCRE and 12%-14% of the LWCRE, and clouds with high bases contribute 16%-19% of the SWCRE and 15%-21% of the LW CRE. C1 [McFarlane, Sally A.; Long, Charles N.; Flaherty, Julia] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP McFarlane, SA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Climate Phys Grp, POB 999,MSIN K9-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM sally.mcfarlane@pnnl.gov FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric System Research (ASR) Program FX This work was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric System Research (ASR) Program. ARM data were obtained from the ARM archive at www.archive.arm.gov. We thank Dr. Jennifer Comstock for creating the merged radar-lidar dataset. Recognition is also extended to those responsible for the operation and maintenance of the instruments that produced the data used in this study; their diligent and dedicated efforts are often underappreciated. NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 52 IS 4 BP 996 EP 1013 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0189.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 128EX UT WOS:000317753000016 ER PT J AU Gao, F Walter, ED Karp, EM Luo, JY Tonkyn, RG Kwak, JH Szanyi, J Peden, CHF AF Gao, Feng Walter, Eric D. Karp, Eric M. Luo, Jinyong Tonkyn, Russell G. Kwak, Ja Hun Szanyi, Janos Peden, Charles H. F. TI Structure-activity relationships in NH3-SCR over Cu-SSZ-13 as probed by reaction kinetics and EPR studies SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Selective catalytic reduction; Cu-SSZ-13; Electron paramagnetic resonance; Temperature-programmed reduction; Reaction kinetics; Mass-transfer limitation ID SELECTIVE CATALYTIC-REDUCTION; EXCHANGED ZSM-5 ZEOLITES; NOX REDUCTION; NITRIC-OXIDE; CATIONIC POSITIONS; FE-ZSM-5 CATALYST; NH3; LOCATION; AMMONIA; MORDENITE AB Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts with various Cu loadings were prepared via aqueous solution ion-exchange. The hydrated samples were characterized with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR). Cu2+ ion coordination numbers were obtained by analyzing the hyperfine structures, while Cu-Cu distances were estimated from line broadening of the EPR features. By examining EPR and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) results, two Cu2+ ion locations are suggested. Standard NH3-SCR, as well as non-selective NH3 oxidation reaction with O-2, were carried out over these catalysts at high-space velocities. For the SCR reaction, intra-particle diffusion limitations are found. The kinetic data allow for reactant diffusivities to be estimated. However, clear structure-activity relationships for the SCR reaction cannot be derived due to this diffusion limitation. The slower NH3 oxidation reaction, on the other hand, is kinetically limited at low temperatures, and, therefore allows for a correlation between Cu2+ ion location and reaction kinetics to be made. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gao, Feng; Walter, Eric D.; Karp, Eric M.; Luo, Jinyong; Tonkyn, Russell G.; Kwak, Ja Hun; Szanyi, Janos; Peden, Charles H. F.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gao, F (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Inst Integrated Catalysis, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM feng.gao@pnnl.gov; chuck.peden@pnnl.gov RI Kwak, Ja Hun/J-4894-2014; Walter, Eric/P-9329-2016; OI Peden, Charles/0000-0001-6754-9928 FU US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy/Vehicle Technologies Program; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; US DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy/Vehicle Technologies Program for the support of this work. The research described in this paper was performed at the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for the US DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract number DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 43 TC 97 Z9 104 U1 19 U2 220 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD APR PY 2013 VL 300 BP 20 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2012.12.020 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 125RC UT WOS:000317558000003 ER PT J AU Kondratyuk, P Gumuslu, G Shukla, S Miller, JB Morreale, BD Gellman, AJ AF Kondratyuk, Petro Gumuslu, Gamze Shukla, Shantanu Miller, James B. Morreale, Bryan D. Gellman, Andrew J. TI A microreactor array for spatially resolved measurement of catalytic activity for high-throughput catalysis science SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Microreactor; Catalysis; High-throughput; Composition libraries; Composition spread alloy films; H-2-D-2 exchange; Hydrogen purification ID BINARY ALLOY MEMBRANES; THIN-FILM LIBRARIES; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS; COMBINATORIAL APPROACH; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; DEPOSITION METHOD; VAPOR-DEPOSITION; PHASE DIAGRAMS; WIDE-RANGE; PD AB We describe a 100-channel microreactor array capable of spatially resolved measurement of catalytic activity across the surface of a flat substrate. When used in conjunction with a composition spread alloy film (CSAF, e.g., PdxCuyAu1-x-y) across which component concentrations vary smoothly, such measurements permit high-throughput analysis of catalytic activity and selectivity as a function of catalyst composition. In the reported implementation, the system achieves spatial resolution of 1 mm(2) over a 10 x 10 mm(2) area. During operation, the reactant gases are delivered at constant flow rate to 100 points of differing composition on the CSAF surface by means of a 100-channel microfluidic device. After coming into contact with the CSAF catalyst surface, the product gas mixture from each of the 100 points is withdrawn separately through a set of 100 isolated channels for analysis using a mass spectrometer. We demonstrate the operation of the device on a PdxCuyAu1-x-y CSAF catalyzing the H-2-D-2 exchange reaction at 333 K. In essentially a single experiment, we measured the catalytic activity over a broad swathe of concentrations from the ternary composition space of the PdxCuyAu1-x-y alloy. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kondratyuk, Petro; Miller, James B.; Morreale, Bryan D.; Gellman, Andrew J.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Kondratyuk, Petro; Gumuslu, Gamze; Shukla, Shantanu; Miller, James B.; Gellman, Andrew J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Gellman, AJ (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM gellman@cmu.edu RI Gellman, Andrew/M-2487-2014 OI Gellman, Andrew/0000-0001-6618-7427 FU RES [DE-FE0004000] FX As part of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's Regional University Alliance (NETL-RUA), a collaborative initiative of the NETL, this technical effort was performed under the RES Contract DE-FE0004000. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 53 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD APR PY 2013 VL 300 BP 55 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2012.12.015 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 125RC UT WOS:000317558000007 ER PT J AU Zhang, S Katz, MB Sun, K Ezekoye, OK Nandasiri, MI Jen, HW Graham, GW Pan, XQ AF Zhang, S. Katz, M. B. Sun, K. Ezekoye, O. K. Nandasiri, M. I. Jen, H. -W. Graham, G. W. Pan, X. Q. TI Spatial distribution of cerium valence in model planar Pd/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 catalysts SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Palladium; Ceria-zirconia; TWC; TEM; STEM/EELS ID ZIRCONIA; PD AB The spatial distribution of cerium valence in H-2-reduced model planar Pd/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 catalysts was determined by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). Spherical reduction zones were found beneath each Pd particle, consistent with a Pd-catalyzed, oxygen anion diffusion-limited bulk oxide reduction process. Evidence was also found for a more extended surface reduction process, possibly associated with hydrogen spillover from the Pd particles. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, S.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, S.; Katz, M. B.; Sun, K.; Ezekoye, O. K.; Graham, G. W.; Pan, X. Q.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Nandasiri, M. I.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, EMSL, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Jen, H. -W.] Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, MI 48121 USA. RP Graham, GW (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM gwgraham@umich.edu; panx@umich.edu FU Ford Motor Company; National Science Foundation [DMR-0907191, DMR-0723032]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The electron microscopy, performed at University of Michigan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Masters Degree from Nanjing University (for S.Z.), was supported by Ford Motor Company under a University Research Proposal grant and the National Science Foundation under grants DMR-0907191 and DMR-0723032. A portion of the research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for the U.S. DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract Number DE-AC05-76RL01830. The authors acknowledge useful discussions with Prof. Raymond J. Gorte regarding the meta-stability of the reduced catalyst surface. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 43 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD APR PY 2013 VL 300 BP 201 EP 204 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.01.013 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 125RC UT WOS:000317558000022 ER PT J AU Zachara, JM Long, PE Bargar, J Davis, JA Fox, P Fredrickson, JK Freshley, MD Konopka, AE Liu, CX McKinley, JP Rockhold, ML Williams, KH Yabusaki, SB AF Zachara, John M. Long, Philip E. Bargar, John Davis, James A. Fox, Patricia Fredrickson, Jim K. Freshley, Mark D. Konopka, Allan E. Liu, Chongxuan McKinley, James P. Rockhold, Mark L. Williams, Kenneth H. Yabusaki, Steve B. TI Persistence of uranium groundwater plumes: Contrasting mechanisms at two DOE sites in the groundwater-river interaction zone SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Groundwater-surface water interaction; Surface complexation; Microbial redox transformations; Uranium biogeochemistry ID CONTAMINATED HANFORD SEDIMENTS; AQUIFER SEDIMENTS; CAPILLARY-FRINGE; FIELD-SCALE; 300 AREA; BIOSTIMULATION EXPERIMENT; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; REACTIVE TRANSPORT; SULFATE REDUCTION AB We examine subsurface uranium (U) plumes at two U.S. Department of Energy sites that are located near large river systems and are influenced by groundwater river hydrologic interaction. Following surface excavation of contaminated materials, both sites were projected to naturally flush remnant uranium contamination to levels below regulatory limits (e.g., 30 mu g/L or 0.126 mu mol/L; U.S. EPA drinking water standard), with 10 years projected for the Hanford 300 Area (Columbia River) and 12 years for the Rifle site (Colorado River). The rate of observed uranium decrease was much lower than expected at both sites. While uncertainty remains, a comparison of current understanding suggests that the two sites have common, but also different mechanisms controlling plume persistence. At the Hanford 300 A, the persistent source is adsorbed U(VI) in the vadose zone that is released to the aquifer during spring water table excursions. The release of U(VI) from the vadose zone and its transport within the oxic, coarse-textured aquifer sediments is dominated by kinetically-limited surface complexation. Modeling implies that annual plume discharge volumes to the Columbia River are small (2VP2O8 material. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 45 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4596 EI 1095-726X J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 200 BP 232 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2013.01.020 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 120GE UT WOS:000317158000035 PM 25866419 ER PT J AU Grunwald, M Lutker, K Alivisatos, AP Rabani, E Geissler, PL AF Gruenwald, Michael Lutker, Katie Alivisatos, A. Paul Rabani, Eran Geissler, Phillip L. TI Metastability in Pressure-Induced Structural Transformations of CdSe/ZnS Core/Shell Nanocrystals SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Core/shell nanocrystals; structural transformation; metastability; nucleation; molecular simulation ID SIZE DEPENDENCE; QUANTUM DOTS; GROWTH; TRANSITION; WURTZITE; SURFACE AB The kinetics and thermodynamics of structural transformations under pressure depend strongly on particle size due to the influence of surface free energy. By suitable design of surface structure, composition, and passivation it is possible, in principle, to prepare nanocrystals in structures inaccessible to bulk materials. However, few realizations of such extreme size-dependent behavior exist. Here, we show with molecular dynamics computer simulation that in a model of CdSe/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals the core high-pressure structure can be made metastable under ambient conditions by tuning the thickness of the shell. In nanocrystals with thick shells, we furthermore observe a wurtzite to NiAs transformation, which does not occur in the pure bulk materials. These phenomena are linked to a fundamental change in the atomistic transformation mechanism from heterogeneous nucleation at the surface to homogeneous nucleation in the crystal core. C1 [Gruenwald, Michael; Lutker, Katie; Alivisatos, A. Paul; Geissler, Phillip L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Alivisatos, A. Paul; Geissler, Phillip L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rabani, Eran] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Exact Sci, Sch Chem, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. RP Grunwald, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM michael.gruenwald@berkeley.edu RI Grunwald, Michael/L-5919-2013; Rabani, Eran/M-1263-2013; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015 OI Rabani, Eran/0000-0003-2031-3525; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048 FU FP7Marie Curie IOF project HJSC; Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science at UC Berkeley; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [J 3106-N16]; Self-Assembly of Organic/Inorganic Nancomposite Materials; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Christoph Dellago for useful discussions. This work was supported by the FP7Marie Curie IOF project HJSC. E.R. thanks the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science at UC Berkeley for partial financial support via a Visiting Miller Professorship. M.G. was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under Grant J 3106-N16. K.L. and A.P.A. acknowledge funding by the Self-Assembly of Organic/Inorganic Nancomposite Materials, which is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 193 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1367 EP 1372 DI 10.1021/nl3007165 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 125OO UT WOS:000317549300001 PM 22800435 ER PT J AU Lubk, A Rossell, MD Seidel, J Chu, YH Ramesh, R Hytch, MJ Snoeck, E AF Lubk, A. Rossell, M. D. Seidel, J. Chu, Y. H. Ramesh, R. Hyetch, M. J. Snoeck, E. TI Electromechanical Coupling among Edge Dislocations, Domain Walls, and Nanodomains in BiFeO3 Revealed by Unit-Cell-Wise Strain and Polarization Maps SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Ferroelectricity; dislocation; domain wall; finite size effect ID THIN-FILMS; FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES; BISMUTH FERRITE; DEFECTS; SRTIO3 AB The performance of ferroelectric devices, for example, the ferroelectric field effect transistor, is reduced by the presence of crystal defects such as edge dislocations. For example, it is well-known that edge dislocations play a crucial role in the formation of ferroelectric dead-layers at interfaces and hence finite size effects in ferroelectric thin films. The detailed lattice structure including the relevant electromechanical coupling mechanisms in close vicinity of the edge dislocations is, however, not well-understood, which hampers device optimization. Here, we investigate edge dislocations in ferroelectric BiFeO3 by means of spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, a dedicated model-based structure analysis, and phase field simulations. Unit-cell-wise resolved strain and polarization profiles around edge dislocation reveal a wealth of material states including polymorph nanodomains and multiple domain walls characteristically pinned to the dislocation. We locally determine the piezoelectric tensor and identify piezoelectric coupling as the driving force for the observed phenomena, explaining, for example, the orientation of the domain wall with respect to the edge dislocation. Furthermore, an atomic model for the dislocation core is derived. C1 [Lubk, A.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Struct Phys, Triebenberg Lab, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Rossell, M. D.] Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Empa, Electron Microscopy Ctr, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Seidel, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chu, Y. H.] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. [Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lubk, A.; Hyetch, M. J.; Snoeck, E.] Univ Toulouse, CEMES CNRS, F-31055 Toulouse, France. RP Lubk, A (reprint author), Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Struct Phys, Triebenberg Lab, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. EM Axel.Lubk@triebenberg.de RI Ying-Hao, Chu/A-4204-2008; Rossell, Marta/E-9785-2017 OI Ying-Hao, Chu/0000-0002-3435-9084; FU European Union [312483-ESTEEM2] FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the European Union under the Seventh Framework Programme under a contract for an Integrated Infrastructure Initiative Reference 312483-ESTEEM2. NR 28 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 156 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1410 EP 1415 DI 10.1021/nl304229k PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 125OO UT WOS:000317549300008 PM 23418908 ER PT J AU Pronschinske, A Chen, YF Lewis, GF Shultz, DA Calzolari, A Nardelli, MB Dougherty, DB AF Pronschinske, Alex Chen, Yifeng Lewis, Geoffrey F. Shultz, David A. Calzolari, Arrigo Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno Dougherty, Daniel B. TI Modification of Molecular Spin Crossover in Ultrathin Films SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Molecular spintronics; spin crossover; scanning tunneling microscopy; density functional theory ID SINGLE MOLECULES; COMPLEXES; EQUILIBRIUM; TRANSPORT; INJECTION; POLYMERS; MEMORY; GOLD AB Scanning tunneling microscopy and local conductance mapping show spin-state coexistence in bilayer films of Fe[(H(2)Bpz(2))(2)bpy] on Au(111) that is independent of temperature between 131 and 300 K. This modification of bulk behavior is attributed in part to the unique packing constraints of the bilayer film that promote deviations from bulk behavior. The local density of states measured for different spin states shows that high-spin molecules have a smaller transport gap than low-spin molecules and are in agreement with density functional theory calculations. C1 [Pronschinske, Alex; Chen, Yifeng; Dougherty, Daniel B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lewis, Geoffrey F.; Shultz, David A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Calzolari, Arrigo] Inst Nanosci, CNR NANO, I-41125 Modena, Italy. [Calzolari, Arrigo; Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno] Univ N Texas, Dept Phys, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Calzolari, Arrigo; Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno] Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, CSMD, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Dougherty, DB (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM dan_dougherty@ncsu.edu RI Calzolari, Arrigo/B-8448-2015 OI Calzolari, Arrigo/0000-0002-0244-7717 FU National Science Foundation through the phase I Center for Chemical Innovation: Center for Molecular Spintronics [CHE-0943975] FX We are grateful to Xin Zhang and Peter Dowben for pointing out the possibility creating films by vacuum evaporation of Fe[(H2Bpz2)2bpy]. This work was funded by the National Science Foundation through the phase I Center for Chemical Innovation: Center for Molecular Spintronics (CHE-0943975). NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 80 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1429 EP 1434 DI 10.1021/nl304304e PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 125OO UT WOS:000317549300011 PM 23517023 ER PT J AU Yoon, I Baker, SE Kim, K Fischer, NO Heineck, D Wang, YM Esener, SC Sirbuly, DJ AF Yoon, Ilsun Baker, Sarah E. Kim, Kanguk Fischer, Nicholas O. Heineck, Daniel Wang, Yinmin Esener, Sadik C. Sirbuly, Donald J. TI Nanofiber Near-Field Light-Matter Interactions for Enhanced Detection of Molecular Level Displacements and Dynamics SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nanophotonics; light-matter interaction; plasmonic nanoparticle; subwavelength nanowire; sensor; molecular ruler ID NANORIBBON WAVE-GUIDES; OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; NANOPARTICLES; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING; SURFACES; CONTRAST; FORCE; GOLD AB We experimentally demonstrate that plasmonic nanoparticles embedded in the evanescent field of subwavelength optical waveguides (WGs) are highly sensitive to distances normal to the propagation of light, showing an similar to 10x increase in spatial resolution compared to the optical field decay of the WG. The scattering cross-section of the Au nanoparticle is increased by the plasmon-dielectric coupling interaction when the nanoparticle is placed near the dielectric surface of the WG, and the decay of the scattering signal is enhanced, showing angstrom level distance sensitivity within 10 nm from the WG. Numerical studies with the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method correlate well with the experimental results. To demonstrate real-time monitoring of a single molecule stretching in the evanescent field, we linked individual single-stranded DNA molecules between the WG and plasmonic nanoparticles and pushed on the nanoparticles with fluidic forces. The simple design and ease of obtaining optical feedback on molecular displacements makes our approach ideal for new in situ force sensing devices, imaging technologies, and high-throughput molecular analysis. C1 [Yoon, Ilsun; Kim, Kanguk; Esener, Sadik C.; Sirbuly, Donald J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept NanoEngn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Baker, Sarah E.; Fischer, Nicholas O.; Wang, Yinmin; Sirbuly, Donald J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Heineck, Daniel; Esener, Sadik C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Sirbuly, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept NanoEngn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM dsirbuly@ucsd.edu RI Wang, Yinmin (Morris)/F-2249-2010 OI Wang, Yinmin (Morris)/0000-0002-7161-2034 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [1150952]; American Cancer Society-Institutional Research Grant (ACS-IRG) [70-002]; University of California, Office of the President (UC-LFRP) [130585-001]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors acknowledge financial support for this project from the National Science Foundation (NSF, contract no. 1150952), the American Cancer Society-Institutional Research Grant (ACS-IRG, contract no. 70-002), and the University of California, Office of the President (UC-LFRP, contract no. 130585-001). The work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 75 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1440 EP 1445 DI 10.1021/nl3043085 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 125OO UT WOS:000317549300013 PM 23517010 ER PT J AU Manfrinato, VR Zhang, LH Su, D Duan, HG Hobbs, RG Stach, EA Berggren, KK AF Manfrinato, Vitor R. Zhang, Lihua Su, Dong Duan, Huigao Hobbs, Richard G. Stach, Eric A. Berggren, Karl K. TI Resolution Limits of Electron-Beam Lithography toward the Atomic Scale SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE STEM lithography; electron beam lithography; high voltage electron beam lithography; hydrogen silsesquioxane; point spread function; EELS ID MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION; HYDROGEN SILSESQUIOXANE; NANOMETER-SCALE; NM SCALE; RESIST; DEPOSITION; EMISSION AB We investigated electron-beam lithography with an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope. We achieved 2 nm isolated feature size and 5 nm half-pitch in hydrogen silsesquioxane resist. We also analyzed the resolution limits of this technique by measuring the point-spread function at 200 keV. Furthermore, we measured the energy loss in the resist using electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. C1 [Manfrinato, Vitor R.; Hobbs, Richard G.; Berggren, Karl K.] MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Zhang, Lihua; Su, Dong; Stach, Eric A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Duan, Huigao] Hunan Univ, Micronano Technol Res Ctr, Changsha 410082, Hunan, Peoples R China. RP Berggren, KK (reprint author), MIT, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM berggren@mit.edu RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; Zhang, Lihua/F-4502-2014; Duan, Huigao/P-6964-2014; Su, Dong/A-8233-2013 OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; Su, Dong/0000-0002-1921-6683 FU Center for Excitonics, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001088]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; National Science Foundation [DMR-08-19762] FX We thank Jim Daley and Mark Mondol at the MIT Nanostructures Laboratory, Yong Zhang at the MRSEC Shared Experimental Facilities at MIT, and Aaron Stein at Brookhaven National Lab for technical assistance. We would like to thank Joel K. W. Yang from IMRE A*Star at Singapore for insightful discussions. We thank Luca Grella, Mark McCord, and Alan Brodie from KLA-Tencor for insightful suggestions on electron energy loss spectroscopy for electron-beam lithography. In addition, we would like to thank the reviewers of this Letter for insightful discussions. This material is based upon work supported as part of the Center for Excitonics, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001088. The STEM lithography work was carried out at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No DE-AC02-98CH10886. This work made use of the MRSEC Shared Experimental Facilities at MIT, supported by the National Science Foundation under award number DMR-08-19762. NR 34 TC 85 Z9 87 U1 11 U2 116 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1555 EP 1558 DI 10.1021/nl304715p PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 125OO UT WOS:000317549300031 PM 23488936 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Tolentino, J Gibbs, M Ihly, R Perkins, CL Liu, Y Crawford, N Hemminger, JC Law, M AF Liu, Yao Tolentino, Jason Gibbs, Markelle Ihly, Rachelle Perkins, Craig L. Liu, Yu Crawford, Nathan Hemminger, John C. Law, Matt TI PbSe Quantum Dot Field-Effect Transistors with Air-Stable Electron Mobilities above 7 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Quantum dots; nanocrystals; lead selenide; field-effect transistors; solar cells ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; COLLOIDAL NANOCRYSTALS; SOLAR-CELLS; ORGANIC TRANSISTORS; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; LOW-VOLTAGE; SOLIDS; LIGANDS AB PbSe quantum dot (QD) field effect transistors (FETs) with air-stable electron mobilities above 7 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) are made by infilling sulfide-capped QD films with amorphous alumina using low-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD). This high mobility is achieved by combining strong electronic coupling (from the ultrasmall sulfide ligands) with passivation of surface states by the ALD coating. A series of control experiments rule out alternative explanations. Partial infilling tunes the electrical characteristics of the FETs. C1 [Liu, Yao; Tolentino, Jason; Gibbs, Markelle; Ihly, Rachelle; Crawford, Nathan; Hemminger, John C.; Law, Matt] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Tolentino, Jason; Law, Matt] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Perkins, Craig L.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Liu, Yu] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Law, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM matt.law@uci.edu FU Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP), an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Department of Energy [DE-SC0003904]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-G028308] FX Y.L., M.G., Y.L., and J.C.H. are supported by the Center for Advanced Solar Photophysics (CASP), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES). R.I. and M.L. are supported by the Department of Energy under Award DE-SC0003904. J.T. acknowledges support from an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. Work at NREL was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-G028308. We thank the UCI School of Physical Sciences Center for Solar Energy. NR 53 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 12 U2 128 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1578 EP 1587 DI 10.1021/nl304753n PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 125OO UT WOS:000317549300035 PM 23452235 ER PT J AU Hu, PA Wang, LF Yoon, M Zhang, J Feng, W Wang, XN Wen, ZZ Idrobo, JC Miyamoto, Y Geohegan, DB Xiao, K AF Hu, PingAn Wang, Lifeng Yoon, Mina Zhang, Jia Feng, Wei Wang, Xiaona Wen, Zhenzhong Idrobo, Juan Carlos Miyamoto, Yoshiyuki Geohegan, David B. Xiao, Kai TI Highly Responsive Ultrathin GaS Nanosheet Photodetectors on Rigid and Flexible Substrates SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Gallium sulfide; two-dimensional materials; nanosheets; photodetectors; photoresponsivity ID GRAPHENE PHOTODETECTOR; PHOTOTRANSISTORS; TRANSISTORS; NANOBELTS; NANOWIRE; SILICON; GROWTH; ARRAYS AB The first GaS nanosheet-based photodetectors are demonstrated on both mechanically rigid and flexible substrates. Highly crystalline, exfoliated GaS nanosheets are promising for optoelectronics due to strong absorption in the UV-visible wavelength region. Photocurrent measurements of GaS nanosheet photodetectors made on SiO2/Si substrates and flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates exhibit a photoresponsivity at 254 nm up to 4.2 AW(-1) and 19.2 AW(-1), respectively, which exceeds that of graphene, MoS2, or other 2D material-based devices. Additionally, the linear dynamic range of the devices on SiO2/Si and PET substrates are 97.7 dB and 78.73 dB, respectively. Both surpass that of currently exploited InGaAs photodetectors (66 dB). Theoretical modeling of the electronic structures indicates that the reduction of the effective mass at the valence band maximum (VBM) with decreasing sheet thickness enhances the carrier mobility of the GaS nanosheets, contributing to the high photocurrents. Double-peak VBMs are theoretically predicted for ultrathin GaS nanosheets (thickness less than five monolayers), which is found to promote photon absorption. These theoretical and experimental results show that GaS nanosheets are promising materials for high-performance photodetectors on both conventional silicon and flexible substrates. C1 [Hu, PingAn; Wang, Lifeng; Zhang, Jia; Feng, Wei; Wang, Xiaona; Wen, Zhenzhong] Harbin Inst Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Microsyst & Microstruct, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China. [Yoon, Mina; Geohegan, David B.; Xiao, Kai] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Idrobo, Juan Carlos] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Miyamoto, Yoshiyuki] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Nanosyst Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan. RP Hu, PA (reprint author), Harbin Inst Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Microsyst & Microstruct, 2 YiKuang St, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China. EM hupa@hit.edu.cn; xiaok@ornl.gov RI Feng, Wei/J-5913-2014; Idrobo, Juan/H-4896-2015; Yoon, Mina/A-1965-2016; Zhang, Jia/C-9453-2016; Geohegan, David/D-3599-2013; Hu, Ping'an/C-1289-2013 OI Idrobo, Juan/0000-0001-7483-9034; Yoon, Mina/0000-0002-1317-3301; Geohegan, David/0000-0003-0273-3139; FU National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2013CB632900]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [61172001]; Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry; Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities; Chinese Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work is supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) under Grant No. 2013CB632900, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, No. 61172001), the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry and the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities and Chinese Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University. Part of research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (K.X., M.Y., D.B.G.) and ShaRE User Facility (J.C.I.), which are sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. M.Y. used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 41 TC 179 Z9 180 U1 28 U2 367 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1649 EP 1654 DI 10.1021/nl400107k PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 125OO UT WOS:000317549300046 PM 23465066 ER PT J AU Xu, LP Kim, C Shukla, AK Dong, AG Mattox, TM Milliron, DJ Cabana, J AF Xu, Linping Kim, Chunjoong Shukla, Alpesh K. Dong, Angang Mattox, Tracy M. Milliron, Delia J. Cabana, Jordi TI Monodisperse Sn Nanocrystals as a Platform for the Study of Mechanical Damage during Electrochemical Reactions with Li SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Monodisperse nanocrystals; energy storage; tin; lithium alloys; mechanical damage ID PRESSURE STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS; ION BATTERIES; LITHIUM INSERTION; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; TIN ELECTRODES; CRITICAL SIZE; BETA-SN; PHASE; SILICON; ANODES AB Monodisperse Sn spherical nanocrystals of 10.0 +/- 0.2 nm were prepared in dispersible colloidal form. They were used as a model platform to study the impact of size on the accommodation of colossal volume changes during electrochemical lithiation using ex situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Significant mechanical damage was observed after full lithiation, indicating that even crystals at these very small dimensions are not sufficient to prevent particle pulverization that compromises electrode durability. C1 [Xu, Linping; Kim, Chunjoong; Shukla, Alpesh K.; Cabana, Jordi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dong, Angang; Mattox, Tracy M.; Milliron, Delia J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Cabana, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jcabana@lbl.gov RI Cabana, Jordi/G-6548-2012; Dong, Angang/C-5308-2014; Milliron, Delia/D-6002-2012; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014; OI Cabana, Jordi/0000-0002-2353-5986; Dong, Angang/0000-0002-9677-8778 FU Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program; DOE Early Career Research Program grant; DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; United States Government; [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX L.X., C.K., A.S., and J.C. were supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program. Portions of this work were carried out at the Molecular Foundry as a user project and DJM was supported by a DOE Early Career Research Program grant, both funded by the DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. All funding was provided under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor the Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or the Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or the Regents of the University of California. NR 48 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 12 U2 115 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1800 EP 1805 DI 10.1021/nl400418c PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 125OO UT WOS:000317549300070 PM 23477483 ER PT J AU Hong, WK Park, JB Yoon, J Kim, BJ Sohn, JI Lee, YB Bae, TS Chang, SJ Huh, YS Son, B Stach, EA Lee, T Welland, ME AF Hong, Woong-Ki Park, Jong Bae Yoon, Jongwon Kim, Bong-Joong Sohn, Jung Inn Lee, Young Boo Bae, Tae-Sung Chang, Sung-Jin Huh, Yun Suk Son, Byoungchul Stach, Eric A. Lee, Takhee Welland, Mark E. TI Hydrogen-Induced Morphotropic Phase Transformation of Single-Crystalline Vanadium Dioxide Nanobeams SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Morphotropic transformation; vanadium dioxide; metal-insulator transition; hydrogen annealing; reduction; compositional variation ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; VO2 NANOWIRES; IONIC LIQUID; THIN-FILMS; STOICHIOMETRY; STABILIZATION; ORGANIZATION; TEMPERATURE; TUNGSTEN AB We report a morphotropic phase transformation in vanadium dioxide (VO2) nanobeams annealed in a high-pressure hydrogen gas, which leads to the stabilization of metallic phases. Structural analyses show that the annealed VO2 nanobeams are hexagonal-close-packed structures with roughened surfaces at room temperature, unlike as-grown VO2 nanobeams with the monoclinic structure and with clean surfaces. Quantitative chemical examination reveals that the hydrogen significantly reduces oxygen in the nanobeams with characteristic nonlinear reduction kinetics which depend on the annealing time. Surprisingly, the work function and the electrical resistance of the reduced nanobeams follow a similar trend to the compositional variation due mainly to the oxygen-deficiency-related defects formed at the roughened surfaces. The electronic transport characteristics indicate that the reduced nanobeams are metallic over a large range of temperatures (room temperature to 383 K). Our results demonstrate the interplay between oxygen deficiency and structural/electronic phase transitions, with implications for engineering electronic properties in vanadium oxide systems. C1 [Hong, Woong-Ki; Sohn, Jung Inn; Welland, Mark E.] Univ Cambridge, Nanosci Ctr, Cambridge CB3 0FF, England. [Hong, Woong-Ki; Park, Jong Bae; Lee, Young Boo; Bae, Tae-Sung; Son, Byoungchul] Korea Basic Sicence Intstitute, Jeonju Ctr, Jeonju 561180, Jeollabuk Do, South Korea. [Yoon, Jongwon; Kim, Bong-Joong] Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Kwangju 500712, South Korea. [Chang, Sung-Jin; Huh, Yun Suk] Korea Basic Sci Inst, Div Mat Sci, Daejoen 305333, South Korea. [Stach, Eric A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Lee, Takhee] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 151744, South Korea. RP Hong, WK (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Nanosci Ctr, Cambridge CB3 0FF, England. EM wkh27@kbsi.re.kr; kimbj@gist.ac.kr; tlee@snu.ac.kr RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; Yoon, Jongwon/0000-0001-6425-6046 FU KBSI [T32516]; Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE) at Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST); National Creative Research Laboratory program by the Korean Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology [2012026372] FX W.-K.H acknowledges the financial support from KBSI Grant T32516. B.J.K acknowledges the support from the Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Energies (RISE) at Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST). T.L acknowledges the support from the National Creative Research Laboratory program (Grant 2012026372) by the Korean Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology. NR 39 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 114 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1822 EP 1828 DI 10.1021/nl400511x PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 125OO UT WOS:000317549300074 PM 23458034 ER PT J AU Shah, AB Sivapalan, ST DeVetter, BM Yang, TK Wen, JG Bhargava, R Murphy, CJ Zuo, JM AF Shah, Amish B. Sivapalan, Sean T. DeVetter, Brent M. Yang, Timothy K. Wen, Jianguo Bhargava, Rohit Murphy, Catherine J. Zuo, Jian-Min TI High-Index Facets in Gold Nanocrystals Elucidated by Coherent Electron Diffraction SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Coherent electron diffraction; Au; nanocrystallography; atomic structure ID SHAPE-CONTROLLED SYNTHESIS; METAL NANOPARTICLES; NANORODS; GROWTH; MICROSCOPY AB Characterization of high-index facets in noble metal nanocrystals for plasmonics and catalysis has been a challenge due to their small sizes and complex shapes. Here, we present an approach to determine the high-index facets of nanocrystals using streaked Bragg reflections in coherent electron diffraction patterns, and provide a comparison of high-index facets on unusual nanostructures such as trisoctahedra. We report new high-index facets in trisoctahedra and previous unappreciated diversity in facet sharpness. C1 [Shah, Amish B.; Sivapalan, Sean T.; DeVetter, Brent M.; Murphy, Catherine J.; Zuo, Jian-Min] Univ Illinois, Ctr Microanal Mat, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sivapalan, Sean T.; Murphy, Catherine J.; Zuo, Jian-Min] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [DeVetter, Brent M.; Bhargava, Rohit] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [DeVetter, Brent M.; Bhargava, Rohit] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst Adv Sci & Technol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Yang, Timothy K.; Murphy, Catherine J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wen, Jianguo] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Electron Microscopy, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bhargava, Rohit] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bhargava, Rohit] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Micro & Nanotechnol Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Univ Illinois, Univ Illinois Canc Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Shah, AB (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Ctr Microanal Mat, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. OI Bhargava, Rohit/0000-0001-7360-994X; Murphy, Catherine/0000-0001-7066-5575 FU University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign from NIH National Cancer Institute Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer 'Midwest Cancer Nanotechnology Training Center' [R25 CA154015A]; AFOSR [FA 9550-09 (1) over bar -0246]; NSF [CHE (1) over bar 011980, DMR 1006077]; DOE [DEFG02-01ER45923]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX S.T.S. and B.M.D. acknowledge support from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign from NIH National Cancer Institute Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer 'Midwest Cancer Nanotechnology Training Center' Grant R25 CA154015A. We also acknowledge support from AFOSR Grant FA 9550-09 (1) over bar -0246 and NSF Grant CHE (1) over bar 011980. JMZ is supported by NSF Grants DMR 1006077 and DOE DEFG02-01ER45923. Electron microscopy was carried out at the Center for Microanalysis of Materials at the Materials Research Laboratory Central Facilities, University of Illinois, and the Electron Microscopy Center at Argonne National Laboratory supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 77 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1840 EP 1846 DI 10.1021/nl400609t PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 125OO UT WOS:000317549300077 PM 23484620 ER PT J AU El-Khoury, PZ Hu, DH Apkarian, VA Hess, WP AF El-Khoury, Patrick Z. Hu, Dehong Apkarian, V. Ara Hess, Wayne P. TI Raman Scattering at Plasmonic Junctions Shorted by Conductive Molecular Bridges SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Tip-enhanced; surface-enhanced; plasmons; fluctuations; quantum limit ID SPECTROSCOPY; FIELD; SERS AB Intensity spikes in Raman scattering, accompanied by switching between line spectra and band spectra, can be assigned to shorting the junction plasmon through molecular conductive bridges. This is demonstrated through Raman trajectories recorded at a plasmonic junction formed by a gold AFM tip in contact with a silver surface coated either with biphenyl-4,4'-dithiol or biphenyl-4-thiol. The fluctuations are absent in the monothiol. In effect, the making and breaking of chemical bonds is tracked. C1 [El-Khoury, Patrick Z.; Hu, Dehong; Hess, Wayne P.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Apkarian, V. Ara] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92617 USA. RP Apkarian, VA (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92617 USA. EM aapkaria@uci.edu; wayne.hess@pnnl.gov RI Hu, Dehong/B-4650-2010 OI Hu, Dehong/0000-0002-3974-2963 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; NSF Center for Chemical Innovation [CHE-082913] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences. The experiments were performed at EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. P.Z.E. acknowledges an allocation of computing time from NSF through TeraGrid (TG-CHE130003). V.A.A. acknowledges support by the NSF Center for Chemical Innovation dedicated to Chemistry at the Space-Time Limit (CHE-082913). NR 20 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 84 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD APR PY 2013 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1858 EP 1861 DI 10.1021/nl400733r PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 125OO UT WOS:000317549300080 PM 23534898 ER PT J AU Mutalik, VK Guimaraes, JC Cambray, G Mai, QA Christoffersen, MJ Martin, L Yu, A Lam, C Rodriguez, C Bennett, G Keasling, JD Endy, D Arkin, AP AF Mutalik, Vivek K. Guimaraes, Joao C. Cambray, Guillaume Quynh-Anh Mai Christoffersen, Marc Juul Martin, Lance Yu, Ayumi Lam, Colin Rodriguez, Cesar Bennett, Gaymon Keasling, Jay D. Endy, Drew Arkin, Adam P. TI Quantitative estimation of activity and quality for collections of functional genetic elements SO NATURE METHODS LA English DT Article ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; RIBOSOME BINDING-SITES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY; CANCER-CELLS; T7 PROMOTER; EXPRESSION; RNA; TRANSLATION; BACTERIA AB The practice of engineering biology now depends on the ad hoc reuse of genetic elements whose precise activities vary across changing contexts. Methods are lacking for researchers to affordably coordinate the quantification and analysis of part performance across varied environments, as needed to identify, evaluate and improve problematic part types. We developed an easy-to-use analysis of variance (ANOVA) framework for quantifying the performance of genetic elements. For proof of concept, we assembled and analyzed combinations of prokaryotic transcription and translation initiation elements in Escherichia coli. We determined how estimation of part activity relates to the number of unique element combinations tested, and we show how to estimate expected ensemble-wide part activity from just one or two measurements. We propose a new statistic, biomolecular part 'quality', for tracking quantitative variation in part performance across changing contexts. C1 [Mutalik, Vivek K.; Guimaraes, Joao C.; Cambray, Guillaume; Quynh-Anh Mai; Christoffersen, Marc Juul; Martin, Lance; Yu, Ayumi; Lam, Colin; Rodriguez, Cesar; Bennett, Gaymon; Keasling, Jay D.; Endy, Drew; Arkin, Adam P.] BIOFAB Int Open Facil Adv Biotechnol, Emeryville, CA USA. [Mutalik, Vivek K.; Keasling, Jay D.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mutalik, Vivek K.; Guimaraes, Joao C.; Cambray, Guillaume; Quynh-Anh Mai; Christoffersen, Marc Juul; Martin, Lance; Yu, Ayumi; Lam, Colin; Rodriguez, Cesar; Bennett, Gaymon; Keasling, Jay D.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Guimaraes, Joao C.] Univ Minho, Comp Sci & Technol Ctr, Dept Informat, Braga, Portugal. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. [Endy, Drew] Stanford Univ, Dept Bioengn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Endy, D (reprint author), BIOFAB Int Open Facil Adv Biotechnol, Emeryville, CA USA. EM endy@stanford.edu; aparkin@lbl.gov RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Guimaraes, Joao/A-8572-2012; Cambray, Guillaume/A-9476-2015; Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Guimaraes, Joao/0000-0002-1664-472X; Cambray, Guillaume/0000-0003-0087-2469; Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Endy, Drew/0000-0001-6952-8098; Mutalik, Vivek/0000-0001-7934-0400 FU National Science Foundation [EEC 0946510]; Human Frontier Science Program [LT000873/2011-l]; Bettencourt Schueller foundation; Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center under National Science Foundation [04-570/0540879]; Portuguese Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/47819/2008]; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank N. Hillson, V. Rhodius and C. Smolke for comments and discussion, and F. St-Pierre (Stanford University) for the plasmid pIT-KL-I52002. We acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation to the BIOFAB (award EEC 0946510). G. C. acknowledges support from the Human Frontier Science Program (LT000873/2011-l) and the Bettencourt Schueller foundation. A. P. A. and D. E. acknowledge support from the Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center under National Science Foundation grant 04-570/0540879. J.C.G. acknowledges financial support from the Portuguese Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/47819/2008). This work was conducted at the Joint BioEnergy Institute supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 66 TC 69 Z9 72 U1 3 U2 83 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1548-7091 J9 NAT METHODS JI Nat. Methods PD APR PY 2013 VL 10 IS 4 BP 347 EP + DI 10.1038/NMETH.2403 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 115ZN UT WOS:000316851100024 PM 23474467 ER PT J AU Mutalik, VK Guimaraes, JC Cambray, G Lam, C Christoffersen, MJ Mai, QA Tran, AB Paull, M Keasling, JD Arkin, AP Endy, D AF Mutalik, Vivek K. Guimaraes, Joao C. Cambray, Guillaume Lam, Colin Christoffersen, Marc Juul Quynh-Anh Mai Tran, Andrew B. Paull, Morgan Keasling, Jay D. Arkin, Adam P. Endy, Drew TI Precise and reliable gene expression via standard transcription and translation initiation elements SO NATURE METHODS LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOME BINDING-SITES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MESSENGER-RNA; SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; BACTERIAL PROMOTERS; FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; SOFTWARE SUITE; -35 REGIONS; POLYMERASE AB An inability to reliably predict quantitative behaviors for novel combinations of genetic elements limits the rational engineering of biological systems. We developed an expression cassette architecture for genetic elements controlling transcription and translation initiation in Escherichia coli: transcription elements encode a common mRNRNA start, and translation elements use an overlapping genetic motif found in many natural systems. We engineered libraries of constitutive and repressor-regulated promoters along with translation initiation elements following these definitions. We measured activity distributions for each library and selected elements that collectively resulted in expression across a 1,000-fold observed dynamic range. We studied all combinations of curated elements, demonstrating that arbitrary genes are reliably expressed to within twofold relative target expression windows with similar to 93% reliability. We expect the genetic element definitions validated here can be collectively expanded to create collections of public-domain standard biological parts that support reliable forward engineering of gene expression at genome scales. C1 [Mutalik, Vivek K.; Guimaraes, Joao C.; Cambray, Guillaume; Lam, Colin; Christoffersen, Marc Juul; Quynh-Anh Mai; Tran, Andrew B.; Paull, Morgan; Keasling, Jay D.; Arkin, Adam P.; Endy, Drew] BIOFAB Int Open Facil Adv Biotechnol, Emeryville, CA USA. [Mutalik, Vivek K.; Keasling, Jay D.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mutalik, Vivek K.; Guimaraes, Joao C.; Cambray, Guillaume; Lam, Colin; Christoffersen, Marc Juul; Quynh-Anh Mai; Tran, Andrew B.; Keasling, Jay D.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Guimaraes, Joao C.] Univ Minho, Comp Sci & Technol Ctr, Dept Informat, Braga, Portugal. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA USA. [Endy, Drew] Stanford Univ, Dept Bioengn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Endy, D (reprint author), BIOFAB Int Open Facil Adv Biotechnol, Emeryville, CA USA. EM aparkin@lbl.gov; endy@stanford.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Guimaraes, Joao/A-8572-2012; Cambray, Guillaume/A-9476-2015; Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Guimaraes, Joao/0000-0002-1664-472X; Cambray, Guillaume/0000-0003-0087-2469; Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931; Endy, Drew/0000-0001-6952-8098; Mutalik, Vivek/0000-0001-7934-0400 FU US National Science Foundation [EEC 0946510]; Portuguese Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [SFRH/BD/47819/2008]; Human Frontier Science Program [LT000873/2011-l]; Bettencourt Schueller Foundation; Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center under National Science Foundation [04-570/0540879]; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank C. Smolke for discussions. We acknowledge support from a US National Science Foundation grant to the BIOFAB (EEC 0946510) and unrestricted gifts from Genencor, Agilent and DSM. J.C.G. acknowledges financial support from the Portuguese Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) (SFRH/BD/47819/2008); G. C. acknowledges the Human Frontier Science Program (LT000873/2011-l) and Bettencourt Schueller Foundation; A. P. A. and D. E. acknowledge the Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center under National Science Foundation grant 04-570/0540879. This work was conducted at the Joint BioEnergy Institute supported by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, US Department of Energy, contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 88 TC 168 Z9 173 U1 7 U2 141 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1548-7091 EI 1548-7105 J9 NAT METHODS JI Nat. Methods PD APR PY 2013 VL 10 IS 4 BP 354 EP + DI 10.1038/NMETH.2404 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 115ZN UT WOS:000316851100025 PM 23474465 ER PT J AU Adare, A Luzum, M Petersen, H AF Adare, Andrew Luzum, Matthew Petersen, Hannah TI Initial state fluctuations and final state correlations: status and open questions SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONS AB The recent appreciation of the importance of event-by-event fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions has lead to a large amount of diverse theoretical and experimental activity. In particular, there is significant interest in understanding the fluctuations in the initial stage of a collision, how exactly these fluctuations are propagated through the system evolution, and how they are manifested in correlations between measured particles. In order to address these questions a workshop was organized on 'initial state fluctuations and final state correlations', held at ECT* in Trento, Italy during the week of 2-6 July 2012. The goal was to collect recent work in order to provide a coherent picture of the current status of our understanding, to identify important questions that remain open, and to set a course for future research. Here we report the outcome of the presentations and discussions, focusing on the most important conclusions. C1 [Adare, Andrew] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Luzum, Matthew] Inst Phys Theor Saclay CNRS URA2306, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Luzum, Matthew] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2TS, Canada. [Luzum, Matthew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Petersen, Hannah] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Petersen, Hannah] Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Adare, A (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM aadare@cern.ch; mluzum@physics.mcgill.ca; petersen@fias.uni-frankfurt.de RI Luzum, Matthew/C-4986-2015 OI Luzum, Matthew/0000-0002-0367-7055 FU US department of Energy [DE-FG02-05ER41367]; Helmholtz Young Investigator Group [VH-NG-822]; European Research Council under the Advanced Investigator [ERC-AD-267258]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX We are grateful to all the participants of the Trento workshop for excellent presentations of their work and enlightening discussions. HP is supported by US department of Energy grant no. DE-FG02-05ER41367 and acknowledges funding of a Helmholtz Young Investigator Group VH-NG-822. ML was funded by the European Research Council under the Advanced Investigator grant no. ERC-AD-267258 and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 EI 1402-4896 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 87 IS 4 AR 048001 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/87/04/048001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 122QN UT WOS:000317333000035 ER PT J AU Catto, PJ Parra, FI Kagan, G Parker, JB Pusztai, I Landreman, M AF Catto, Peter J. Parra, Felix I. Kagan, Grigory Parker, Jeffrey B. Pusztai, Istvan Landreman, Matt TI Kinetic effects on a tokamak pedestal ion flow, ion heat transport and bootstrap current SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID TOROIDAL CONFINEMENT SYSTEMS; PLASMA TRANSPORT; BANANA REGIME AB We consider the effects of a finite radial electric field on ion orbits in a subsonic pedestal. Using a procedure that makes a clear distinction between a transit average and a flux surface average we are able to solve the kinetic equation to retain the modifications due to finite E X B drift orbit departures from flux surfaces. Our approach properly determines the velocity space localized, as well as the nonlocal, portion of the ion distribution function in the banana and plateau regimes in the small aspect ratio limit. The rapid variation of the poloidal ion flow coefficient and the electrostatic potential in the total energy modify previous banana regime evaluations of the ion flow, the bootstrap current, and the radial ion heat flux in a subsonic pedestal. In the plateau regime, the rapid variation of the poloidal flow coefficient alters earlier results for the ion flow and bootstrap current, while leaving the ion heat flux unchanged since the rapid poloidal variation of the total energy was properly retained. C1 [Catto, Peter J.; Parra, Felix I.; Pusztai, Istvan; Landreman, Matt] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kagan, Grigory] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Parker, Jeffrey B.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Pusztai, Istvan] Chalmers, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Pusztai, Istvan] EURATOM, VR Assoc, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Catto, PJ (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM catto@psfc.mit.edu RI Parra, Felix I./C-1442-2012; Landreman, Matt/C-7684-2017; OI Parra, Felix I./0000-0001-9621-7404; Landreman, Matt/0000-0002-7233-577X; Parker, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9079-9930 FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-91ER-54109, DE-AC52-06NA-25396]; European Communities under Association Contract between EURATOM and Vetenskapsradet FX Work supported by the US Department of Energy grants at DE-FG02-91ER-54109 at MIT and DE-AC52-06NA-25396 at LANL, and te European Communities under Association Contract between EURATOM and Vetenskapsradet. During the preparation of this paper some of the authors enjoyed the hospitality and support of the Wolfgang Pauli Institute in Vienna, Austria (PJC, FIP, ML), Asociacion EURATOM-CIEMAT Laboratorio Nacional de Fusion in Madrid, Spain (PJC, FIP, ML, JBP), and Leverhulme Trust at Oxford University in England (PJC, FIP). NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD APR PY 2013 VL 55 IS 4 AR 045009 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/55/4/045009 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 128AH UT WOS:000317739800009 ER PT J AU Zhang, J Crocker, NA Peebles, WA Carter, TA Guttenfelder, W AF Zhang, J. Crocker, N. A. Peebles, W. A. Carter, T. A. Guttenfelder, W. TI A sensitivity assessment of millimeter-wave polarimetry for measurement of magnetic fluctuations associated with microtearing modes in NSTX-U SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION LA English DT Article ID INTERFEROMETER; DENSITY; TOKAMAK; PLASMA AB Recent nonlinear gyrokinetic calculations have indicated that microtearing modes are driven unstable in NSTX (National Spherical Torus experiment) and may account for the observed anomalous electron thermal transport (Guttenfelder et al 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 155004). In order to study magnetic fluctuations of both coherent and incoherent modes, a 288 GHz (lambda approximate to 1 mm) polarimeter is under development (Zhang et al 2012 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83 10E321) for NSTX-U (NSTX-Upgrade) (Menard et al 2012 Nucl. Fusion 52 083015). The system will utilize a retro-reflective geometry and view the plasma along the major radius close to the midplane. In order to assess whether the system will have sufficient sensitivity to observe microtearing modes in NSTX-U, a synthetic diagnostic code is developed and utilized to determine the expected phase fluctuation level. The fluctuating profiles for density and magnetic field generated by the non-linear gyrokinetic simulation are used as input to the code. Results indicate that the polarimeter phase fluctuation level due to the modeled microtearing modes is greater than or similar to 2 degrees.. Utilizing the same model, it was also established that the calculated phase fluctuations are dominated by magnetic, not density fluctuations. This was especially true when the horizontal viewing chord was close (within +/- 5 cm) to the plasma midplane. These results indicate that the polarimeter planned for NSTX-U should have sufficient sensitivity to observe magnetic fluctuations associated with microtearing modes. C1 [Zhang, J.; Crocker, N. A.; Peebles, W. A.; Carter, T. A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Guttenfelder, W.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM xyzhangj@physics.ucla.edu NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0741-3335 J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion PD APR PY 2013 VL 55 IS 4 AR 045011 DI 10.1088/0741-3335/55/4/045011 PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 128AH UT WOS:000317739800011 ER PT J AU Oxley, JC Smith, JL Bowden, PR Rettinger, RC AF Oxley, Jimmie C. Smith, James L. Bowden, Patrick R. Rettinger, Ryan C. TI Factors Influencing Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) and Diacetone Diperoxide (DADP) Formation: Part I SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS LA English DT Article DE Denature; Triacetone triperoxide (TATP); Diacetone diperoxide (DADP); Small-scale explosivity device (SSED); Drop-weight impact sensitivity ID HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; ACETONE PEROXIDE; DECOMPOSITION; SPECTROSCOPY AB Conditions, which result in the formation of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) or diacetone diperoxide (DADP) from acetone and hydrogen peroxide (HP, were studied for the purposes of inhibiting the reaction. Reaction of HP with acetone precipitates either DADP or TATP, but the overall yield and amount of each was found to depend on (1) reaction temperature, (2) the molar ratio of acid to HP/acetone, (3) initial concentrations of reactants, and (4) length of reaction. Controlling molar ratios and concentrations of starting materials was complicated because both sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide were aqueous solutions. Temperature exercised great control over the reaction outcome. Holding all molar concentrations constant and raising the temperature from 5 to 25 degrees C showed an increase of DADP over TATP formation and a decrease in overall yield. At 25 degrees C a good yield of TATP was obtained if the HP to acetone ratio was kept between 0.5:1 and 2:1. At constant temperature and HP-to-acetone held at one-to-one ratio, acid-to-HP molar ratios between 0.10:1 and 1.2:1 produced good yield of TATP. Plotting the molality of HP vs. that of sulfuric acid revealed regions, in which relatively pure DADP or pure TATP could be obtained. In addition to varying reaction conditions, adulterants placed into acetone were tested to inhibit the formation of TATP. Because there is much speculation of the relative stability, sensitivity, including solvent wetting of crystals, and performance of DADP and TATP, standard tests (i.e. DSC, drop weight impact, and SSED) were performed. C1 [Oxley, Jimmie C.; Smith, James L.; Rettinger, Ryan C.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Bowden, Patrick R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Oxley, JC (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Chem, 51 Lower Coll Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM joxley@chm.uri.edu FU Department of Homeland Security through the University Programs Center of Excellence [2008-ST-061-ED000]; Department of Homeland Security through the Science & Technology Division FX The authors wish to thank the Department of Homeland Security for funding via Cooperative agreement No. 2008-ST-061-ED000 through the University Programs Center of Excellence as well as through the Science & Technology Division. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 21 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0721-3115 EI 1521-4087 J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. PD APR PY 2013 VL 38 IS 2 BP 244 EP 254 DI 10.1002/prep.201200116 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 127CU UT WOS:000317674100012 ER PT J AU Winkler, B Stanek, CR Taylor, WA Wolfsberg, L Scott, BL Dickerson, RM Morgenroth, W Bayarjargal, L AF Winkler, B. Stanek, C. R. Taylor, W. A. Wolfsberg, L. Scott, B. L. Dickerson, R. M. Morgenroth, W. Bayarjargal, L. TI Synthesis and characterization of (Fe2O3)-Fe-55 for the investigation of radioparagenesis SO SOLID STATE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Radioparagenesis; Fe2O3 ID WASTE FORMS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; RAMAN-SPECTRUM; DIFFRACTION; ALPHA-FE2O3; PRESSURE; FE2O3; GPA; TRANSMUTATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB In order to directly observe the effect of daughter product formation on the stability of a crystalline compound, Fe-55 was produced at the Isotope Production Facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory. After purification, the metal was oxided to (Fe2O3)-Fe-55. Samples were loaded in diamond anvil cells, with neon as a pressure transmitting medium, and pressurized to pressures between 5 and 15 GPa. The samples were then characterized by synchrotron powder diffraction and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The present study serves as a reference for future studies, in which the formation of (Mn2O3)-Mn-55 from (Fe2O3)-Fe-55 by radioparagenesis will be explored. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Winkler, B.; Morgenroth, W.; Bayarjargal, L.] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Geowissensch, Abt Kristallog, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. [Stanek, C. R.; Taylor, W. A.; Wolfsberg, L.; Scott, B. L.; Dickerson, R. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Winkler, B (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Geowissensch, Abt Kristallog, Altenhoferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany. EM b.winkler@kristall.uni-frankfurt.de RI Scott, Brian/D-8995-2017; OI Scott, Brian/0000-0003-0468-5396; Morgenroth, Wolfgang/0000-0001-8921-0052 FU German Science Foundation [Wi1232/37]; German BMBF [02NUK021F, 05K1ORFA]; U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program; [Wi1232/25]; [Ba4020] FX We are grateful for financial support from the German Science Foundation within project Wi1232/37 and within the priority project SPP 1236 (projects Wi1232/25 and Ba4020), to the German BMBF (projects 02NUK021F and 05K1ORFA), and the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program. Part of the research was carried out at the light source PETRA III at DESY, a member of the Helmholtz Association HGF. We thank the beam line scientist of P02.2 H.-P. Liermann and his team. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1293-2558 EI 1873-3085 J9 SOLID STATE SCI JI Solid State Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 18 BP 58 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2012.12.006 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 125PE UT WOS:000317552500008 ER PT J AU Brady, PV Krumhansl, JL AF Brady, Patrick V. Krumhansl, James L. TI Surface Complexation Modeling for Waterflooding of Sandstones SO SPE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID OIL-RECOVERY; KAOLINITE; TEMPERATURE; CHEMISTRY AB A theoretical surface coordination model of oil attraction to sandstone-reservoir surfaces confirms the two primary oil/mineral coordination reactions to be electrostatic linking of anionic kaolinite-edge sites to protonated nitrogen bases at pH<6 and calcium carboxylate groups at pH>6. Kaolinite basal planes are calculated to link to oil through oil -NH+ groups at pH<6-7 and through oil -COOCa+ groups at pH>6-7, and may be important to oil attraction where basal planes are more exposed than edges (the ranges shift, depending on the oil, acid, and base numbers). Model predictions are most sensitive to the dissociation constant of oil surface carboxylate groups but are relatively insensitive to other surface equilibria and temperature. The model shows that, although low-salinity, low-Ca waterfloods can enhance oil recovery by decreasing the number of Ca2+ bridges and anionic kaolinite-edge sites, dissolution of sandstone carbonate minerals dampens the low-salinity effect by buffering decreases in waterflood Ca2+ levels. Better model predictions require more-accurate predictions of Ca2+ levels during waterflooding, high-temperature sulfate-adsorption analyses, and more-precise measurements of oil acidity and basicity. C1 [Krumhansl, James L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU Sandia National Laboratories FX Funding from Sandia National Laboratories, the incredibly helpful comments of two reviewers and Associate Editor Anthony Kovscek, and the advice of David J. Borns are greatly appreciated. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 17 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA SN 1086-055X J9 SPE J JI SPE J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 18 IS 2 BP 214 EP 218 PG 5 WC Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA 123FV UT WOS:000317374700004 ER PT J AU Panahi, H Kobchenko, M Renard, F Mazzini, A Scheibert, J Dysthe, D Jamtveit, B Malthe-Sorenssen, A Meakin, P AF Panahi, H. Kobchenko, M. Renard, F. Mazzini, A. Scheibert, J. Dysthe, D. Jamtveit, B. Malthe-Sorenssen, A. Meakin, P. TI A 4D Synchrotron X-Ray-Tomography Study of the Formation of Hydrocarbon-Migration Pathways in Heated Organic-Rich Shale SO SPE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE in this work include 4D microtomography; 3D image processing; shale; strain field analysis; kerogen; petroleum generation; primary migration; petrography; thermogravimetry ID DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION; MICROTOMOGRAPHY; PETROLEUM AB Recovery of oil from oil shales and the natural primary migration of hydrocarbons are closely related processes that have received renewed interest in recent years because of the ever tightening supply of conventional hydrocarbons and the growing production of hydrocarbons from low-permeability tight rocks. Quantitative models for conversion of kerogen into oil and gas and the timing of hydrocarbon generation have been well documented. However, lack of consensus about the kinetics of hydrocarbon formation in source rocks, expulsion timing, and how the resulting hydrocarbons escape from or are retained in the source rocks motivates further investigation. In particular, many mechanisms have been proposed for the transport of hydrocarbons from the rocks in which they are generated into adjacent rocks with higher permeabilities and smaller capillary entry pressures, and a better understanding of this complex process (primary migration) is needed. To characterize these processes, it is imperative to use the latest technological advances. In this study, it is shown how insights into hydrocarbon migration in source rocks can be obtained by using sequential high-resolution synchrotron X-ray tomography. Three-dimensional images of several immature "shale" samples were constructed at resolutions close to 5 mu m. This is sufficient to resolve the source-rock structure down to the grain level, but very-fine-grained silt particles, clay particles, and colloids cannot be resolved. Samples used in this investigation came from the R-8 unit in the upper part of the Green River shale, which is organic rich, varved, lacustrine marl formed in Eocene Lake Uinta, USA. One Green River shale sample was heated in situ up to 400 degrees C as X-ray-tomography images were recorded. The other samples were scanned before and after heating at 400 degrees C. During the heating phase, the organic matter was decomposed, and gas was released. Gas expulsion from the low-permeability shales was coupled with formation of microcracks. The main technical difficulty was numerical extraction of microcracks that have apertures in the 5- to 30-mu m range (with 5 mu m being the resolution limit) from a large 3D volume of X-ray attenuation data. The main goal of the work presented here is to develop a methodology to process these 3D data and image the cracks. This methodology is based on several levels of spatial filtering and automatic recognition of connected domains. Supportive petrographic and thermogravimetric data were an important complement to this study. An investigation of the strain field using 2D image correlation analyses was also performed. As one application of the 4D (space + time) microtomography and the developed workflow, we show that fluid generation was accompanied by crack formation. Under different conditions, in the subsurface, this might provide paths for primary migration. C1 [Panahi, H.; Kobchenko, M.; Renard, F.; Mazzini, A.; Dysthe, D.; Jamtveit, B.; Malthe-Sorenssen, A.; Meakin, P.] Univ Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Panahi, H.] Univ Tehran, Tehran 14174, Iran. [Renard, F.] Univ Grenoble 1, ISTerre, F-38041 Grenoble, France. [Renard, F.] CNRS, F-75700 Paris, France. [Meakin, P.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA. RP Panahi, H (reprint author), Univ Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. RI Dysthe, Dag Kristian/F-2247-2011; Malthe-Sorenssen, Anders/C-2015-2015; Renard, Francois/A-7862-2008; Scheibert, Julien/C-5892-2009; OI Dysthe, Dag Kristian/0000-0001-8336-5061; Malthe-Sorenssen, Anders/0000-0001-8138-3995; Renard, Francois/0000-0002-5125-5930; Scheibert, Julien/0000-0002-9600-3796; Jamtveit, Bjorn/0000-0001-5700-1803 NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 35 PU SOC PETROLEUM ENG PI RICHARDSON PA 222 PALISADES CREEK DR,, RICHARDSON, TX 75080 USA SN 1086-055X EI 1930-0220 J9 SPE J JI SPE J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 18 IS 2 BP 366 EP 377 PG 12 WC Engineering, Petroleum SC Engineering GA 123FV UT WOS:000317374700017 ER PT J AU Wiens, RC Maurice, S Lasue, J Forni, O Anderson, RB Clegg, S Bender, S Blaney, D Barraclough, BL Cousin, A Deflores, L Delapp, D Dyar, MD Fabre, C Gasnault, O Lanza, N Mazoyer, J Melikechi, N Meslin, PY Newsom, H Ollila, A Perez, R Tokar, RL Vaniman, D AF Wiens, R. C. Maurice, S. Lasue, J. Forni, O. Anderson, R. B. Clegg, S. Bender, S. Blaney, D. Barraclough, B. L. Cousin, A. Deflores, L. Delapp, D. Dyar, M. D. Fabre, C. Gasnault, O. Lanza, N. Mazoyer, J. Melikechi, N. Meslin, P. -Y. Newsom, H. Ollila, A. Perez, R. Tokar, R. L. Vaniman, D. TI Pre-flight calibration and initial data processing for the Chem Cam laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy instrument on the Mars Science Laboratory rover SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; LIBS; Mars; Curiosity rover; ChemCam ID PLIOCENE MACUSANI VOLCANICS; SE PERU; PLASMA; SULFUR; EXPLORATION; ATMOSPHERE; MINERALOGY; CHEMISTRY; EMISSION; OUTCROPS AB The ChemCam instrument package on the Mars Science Laboratory rover, Curiosity, is the first planetary science instrument to employ laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to determine the compositions of geological samples on another planet. Pre-processing of the spectra involves subtracting the ambient light background, removing noise, removing the electron continuum, calibrating for the wavelength, correcting for the variable distance to the target, and applying a wavelength-dependent correction for the instrument response. Further processing of the data uses multivariate and univariate comparisons with a LIBS spectral library developed prior to launch as well as comparisons with several on-board standards post-landing. The level-2 data products include semi-quantitative abundances derived from partial least squares regression. A LIBS spectral library was developed using 69 rock standards in the form of pressed powder disks, glasses, and ceramics to minimize heterogeneity on the scale of the observation (350-550 mu m dia.). The standards covered typical compositional ranges of igneous materials and also included sulfates, carbonates, and phyllosilicates. The provenance and elemental and mineralogical compositions of these standards are described. Spectral characteristics of this data set are presented, including the size distribution and integrated irradiances of the plasmas, and a proxy for plasma temperature as a function of distance from the instrument. Two laboratory-based clones of ChemCam reside in Los Alamos and Toulouse for the purpose of adding new spectra to the database as the need arises. Sensitivity to differences in wavelength correlation to spectral channels and spectral resolution has been investigated, indicating that spectral registration needs to be within half a pixel and resolution needs to match within 1.5 to 2.6 pixels. Absolute errors are tabulated for derived compositions of each major element in each standard using PLS regression. Sources of errors are investigated and discussed, and methods for improving the analytical accuracy of compositions derived from ChemCam spectra are discussed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wiens, R. C.; Clegg, S.; Cousin, A.; Delapp, D.; Lanza, N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Maurice, S.; Lasue, J.; Forni, O.; Cousin, A.; Gasnault, O.; Meslin, P. -Y.] Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, Toulouse, France. [Anderson, R. B.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Bender, S.; Barraclough, B. L.; Tokar, R. L.; Vaniman, D.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Blaney, D.; Deflores, L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Dyar, M. D.] Mt Holyoke Coll, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA. [Fabre, C.] Georessources, Nancy, France. [Mazoyer, J.] Observ Paris, LESIA, Meudon, France. [Melikechi, N.] Delaware State Univ, Dover, DE USA. [Newsom, H.; Ollila, A.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Perez, R.] Ctr Natl Etud Spatiale, Toulouse, France. RP Wiens, RC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. EM rwiens@lanl.gov RI Gasnault, Olivier/F-4327-2010; OI Gasnault, Olivier/0000-0002-6979-9012; Forni, Olivier/0000-0001-6772-9689; Clegg, Sam/0000-0002-0338-0948 FU NASA Mars Program Office for ChemCam; CNES FX The ChemCam team is grateful for support from the NASA Mars Program Office for ChemCam, and from CNES. We also gratefully acknowledge the Los Alamos National Laboratory's laboratory-directed research and development exploratory research (LDRD-ER) program for supporting early MVA studies. Many people supported the ChemCam instrument that was used to carry out these studies, and we are particularly grateful to other ChemCam team members who supported this work B. Banisadr is thanked for his contributions to the total emission studies. NR 52 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 7 U2 68 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 82 BP 1 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.sab.2013.02.003 PG 27 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 124DG UT WOS:000317443400001 ER PT J AU Sivakumar, P Taleh, L Markushin, Y Melikechi, N Lasue, J AF Sivakumar, P. Taleh, L. Markushin, Y. Melikechi, N. Lasue, J. TI An experimental observation of the different behavior of ionic and neutral lines of iron as a function of number density in a binary carbon-iron mixture SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Atomic spectroscopy; LIBS analysis of solid samples ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; QUANTITATIVE ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; LASER-ABLATION; PLASMA SPECTROSCOPY; SAMPLES; SPECTROMETRY; ACCURACY AB We report on the dependence of the intensities of atomic and ionic lines emitted by a nanosecond laser-induced plasma on the atomic number densities of the constituents of a binary mixture formed of carbon and iron. We show that the packing density of the sample greatly affects the relative standard deviation of the emission lines. Furthermore, we show that the variation of the intensities of the C and Fe emission lines depends in a non-trivial way on the relative C-Fe concentration. The intensities of Fe neutral atomic lines behave differently than those of the ionic ones particularly at and above concentrations of 75%-80% Fe embedded in a carbon matrix. Unlike the emission from neutral Fe, those from ionic Fe yield a very sharp decrease followed by an equally strong increase of the emission lines over a relatively small range of relative concentration of C and Fe. To better investigate this effect, we have compared the results obtained with nanosecond-LIBS to those with femtosecond-LIBS and found that this phenomenon disappears. The physical interpretation of the sharp decrease followed by an equally sharp increase in the emission intensities from Fe ions as the concentration of Fe is increased requires more studies. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sivakumar, P.; Taleh, L.; Markushin, Y.; Melikechi, N.] Delaware State Univ, Opt Sci Ctr Appl Res & Applicat, Dept Phys & Preengn, Dover, DE 19901 USA. [Lasue, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Lasue, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, ISR, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Lasue, J.] Lunar & Planetary Inst, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Melikechi, N (reprint author), Delaware State Univ, Opt Sci Ctr Appl Res & Applicat, Dept Phys & Preengn, Dover, DE 19901 USA. EM nmelikechi@desu.edu RI Taleh, Leon/H-3346-2014 FU National Science Foundation (NSF-CREST) [0630388]; National Science Foundation (NSF-MRI ) [0922587]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA-URC 5) [NNX09AU90A] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF-CREST grant # 0630388, and NSF-MRI grant # 0922587) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA-URC 5 grant # NNX09AU90A). We thank Dr. Roger Wiens of the Los Alamos National Laboratory for his valuable comments and help and Dr. Carlos R. Cabrera of the University of Puerto Rico, Rio Pedras Campus for his help with the SEM photos of the samples. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0584-8547 J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 82 BP 76 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.sab.2012.11.006 PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 124DG UT WOS:000317443400009 ER PT J AU Elliott, DC Neuenschwander, GG Hart, TR AF Elliott, Douglas C. Neuenschwander, Gary G. Hart, Todd R. TI Hydroprocessing Bio-Oil and Products Separation for Coke Production SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Pyrolysis; Catalysis; Distillation residue ID PYROLYSIS; BIOMASS; FUELS AB Fast pyrolysis of biomass can be used to produce a raw bio-oil product, which can be upgraded by catalytic hydroprocessing to hydrocarbon liquid products. In this study, the upgraded products were distilled to recover light naphtha and oils and to produce a distillation residue with useful properties for coker processing and production of a renewable low-sulfur electrode carbon. For this hydroprocessing work, phase separation of the bio-oil was applied as a preparatory step to concentrate the heavier, more phenolic components, thus, generating a more amenable feedstock for residue production. Low residual oxygen content products were produced by continuous-flow catalytic hydroprocessing of the phase separated bio-oil. C1 [Elliott, Douglas C.; Neuenschwander, Gary G.; Hart, Todd R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Elliott, DC (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,MSIN P8-60, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM dougc.elliott@pnnl.gov OI Hart, Todd/0000-0001-8013-0689 FU Department of Energy by Battelle [AC0676RLO1830] FX The support for preparation for publication of this article was provided by the Bioenergy Technologies Office of the U.S. Department of Energy. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the Department of Energy by Battelle under contract AC0676RLO1830. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 59 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD APR PY 2013 VL 1 IS 4 BP 389 EP 392 DI 10.1021/sc300103y PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA 120FN UT WOS:000317156300002 ER PT J AU Cho, YK Kim, JE Foley, BT AF Cho, Young-Keol Kim, Jung-Eun Foley, Brian T. TI Phylogenetic Analysis of Near Full-Length HIV Type 1 Genomic Sequences from 21 Korean Individuals SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RED GINSENG; GROSS DELETIONS; HIGH-FREQUENCY; NEF GENE; MONOPHYLETIC CLADE; SUBTYPE-B AB The Korean subclade of subtype B (KSB) is the most prevalent HIV-1 strain found in Korea. To date, only two near full-length HIV-1 sequences from Korean patients have been reported. Here, we analyzed a total of 24 near full-length genomes of HIV-1 strains that were isolated from 17 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive patients and four ART-exposed patients. Proviral DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was PCR amplified and directly sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses were used to classify viruses from 19 patients as KSB, from one patient as subtype B, from one patient as subtype D, and three viruses from one patient as CRF02_AG. All KSB viruses demonstrated TAAAA instead of TATAA at the TATA box in the LTR. Of the 19 KSB patients, their sequence identities at the nucleotide level ranged from 89.8% to 97.1% from the lowest env gene to the highest pol gene. Other than the CRF02_AG viruses, no recombination events were noted in any of the 19 KSB patients, which is consistent with our previous studies on the pol, vif, and nef genes. Except for one strain, all of the strains were classified as non-syncytium-inducing strains. This is the first report to describe near full-length KSB. C1 [Cho, Young-Keol; Kim, Jung-Eun] Univ Ulsan, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, Seoul 138736, South Korea. [Foley, Brian T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, HIV Databases Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Cho, YK (reprint author), Univ Ulsan, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol, 88 Olymp Ro 43 Gil, Seoul 138736, South Korea. EM ykcho2@amc.seoul.kr OI Foley, Brian/0000-0002-1086-0296 FU Korean Society of Ginseng; Korea Ginseng Corporation FX This work was supported by a grant from the Korean Society of Ginseng, which was funded by the Korea Ginseng Corporation (2011-2012). NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD APR PY 2013 VL 29 IS 4 BP 738 EP 743 DI 10.1089/aid.2012.0298 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 119RO UT WOS:000317115300016 PM 23199052 ER PT J AU Zarate-Minano, R Anghel, M Milano, F AF Zarate-Minano, Rafael Anghel, Marian Milano, Federico TI Continuous wind speed models based on stochastic differential equations SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Stochastic differential equations; Dynamic analysis; Wind speed; Weibull distribution; Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process; Memoryless transformation ID DISTRIBUTIONS; SIMULATION; ENERGY; FARMS; POWER AB This paper proposes two general procedures to develop wind speed models based on stochastic differential equations. Models are intended to generate wind speed trajectories with statistical properties similar to those observed in the wind speed historical data available for a particular location. The developed models are parsimonious in the sense that they only use the information about the marginal distribution and the autocorrelation observed in the wind speed data. Since these models are continuous, they can be used to simulate wind speed trajectories at different time scales. However, their ability to reproduce the statistical properties of the wind speed is limited to a time frame of hours since diurnal and seasonal effects are not considered. The developed models can be embedded into dynamic wind turbine models to perform dynamic studies. Statistical properties of wind speed data from two real-world locations with significantly different characteristics are used to test the developed models. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zarate-Minano, Rafael] Univ Castilla La Mancha, Almaden, Spain. [Anghel, Marian] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Milano, Federico] Univ Castilla La Mancha, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. RP Milano, F (reprint author), Univ Castilla La Mancha, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. EM Federico.Milano@uclm.es RI Zarate-Minano, Rafael/I-2163-2015; OI Zarate-Minano, Rafael/0000-0001-5323-4909; Milano, Federico/0000-0002-0049-9185 NR 43 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD APR PY 2013 VL 104 BP 42 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.10.064 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 106NW UT WOS:000316152700004 ER PT J AU Stadler, M Kloess, M Groissbock, M Cardoso, G Sharma, R Bozchalui, MC Marnay, C AF Stadler, M. Kloess, M. Groissboeck, M. Cardoso, G. Sharma, R. Bozchalui, M. C. Marnay, C. TI Electric storage in California's commercial buildings SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE California; CO2 emissions; Distributed energy resource optimization; Electric storage; Electric vehicles; Energy costs ID TECHNOLOGY AB Most recent improvements in battery and electric vehicle (EV) technologies, combined with some favorable off-peak charging rates and an enormous PV potential, make California a prime market for electric vehicle as well as stationary storage adoption. However, EVs or plug-in hybrids, which can be seen as a mobile energy storage, connected to different buildings throughout the day, constitute distributed energy resources (DER) markets and can compete with stationary storage, onsite energy production (e.g. fuel cells, PV) at different building sites. Sometimes mobile storage is seen linked to renewable energy generation (e.g. PV) or as resource for the wider macro-grid by providing ancillary services for grid-stabilization. In contrast, this work takes a fundamentally different approach and considers buildings as the main hub for EVs/plug-in hybrids and considers them as additional resources for a building energy management system (EMS) to enable demand response or any other building strategy (e.g. carbon dioxide reduction). To examine the effect of, especially, electric storage technologies on building energy costs and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, a distributed-energy resources adoption problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program with minimization of annual building energy costs or CO2 emissions. The mixed-integer linear program is applied to a set of 139 different commercial building types in California, and the aggregated economic and environmental benefits are reported. To show the robustness of the results, different scenarios for battery performance parameters are analyzed. The results show that the number of EVs connected to the California commercial buildings depend mostly on the optimization strategy (cost versus CO2) of the building EMS and not on the battery performance parameters. The complexity of the DER interactions at buildings also show that a reduction in stationary battery costs increases the local PV adoption, but can also increase the fossil based onsite electricity generation, making an holistic optimization approach necessary for this kind of analyses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Stadler, M.; Kloess, M.; Groissboeck, M.; Marnay, C.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kloess, M.] Vienna Univ Technol, Vienna, Austria. [Cardoso, G.] Univ Tecn Lisboa, Inst Super Tecn, Lisbon, Portugal. RP Stadler, M (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-1121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mstadler@lbl.gov; kloess@eeg.tuwien.ac.at; mgroissboeck@cet.or.at; goncalo.cardoso@ist.utl.pt; ratnesh@nec-labs.com; mohammad@nec-labs.com; chrismarnay@lbl.gov FU Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, Distributed Energy Program of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NEC Laboratories America Inc. FX The work described in this paper was funded by the Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, Distributed Energy Program of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by NEC Laboratories America Inc. We also want to thank Professor Dr. Tomas Gomez and Ilan Momber for their very valuable contributions to previous versions of DER-CAM. NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD APR PY 2013 VL 104 BP 711 EP 722 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.11.033 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 106NW UT WOS:000316152700069 ER PT J AU Barefield, JE Judge, EJ Berg, JM Willson, SP Le, LA Lopez, LN AF Barefield, James E., II Judge, Elizabeth J. Berg, John M. Willson, Stephen P. Le, Loan A. Lopez, Leon N. TI Analysis and Spectral Assignments of Mixed Actinide Oxide Samples Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; LIES; Mixed actinide oxides; Analysis and spectral assignments ID EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; URANIUM; PLASMA AB In this paper, we report for the first time the identification and assignments of complex atomic emission spectra of mixed actinide oxides using laser-induced plasma spectroscopy or laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIES). Preliminary results of LIES measurements on samples of uranium dioxide (UO2)/plutonium dioxide (PuO2) and UO2/PuO2/americium dioxide (AmO2)/neptunium dioxide (NpO2) simulated fuel pellets (or mixed actinide oxide samples) are reported and discussed. We have identified and assigned >800 atomic emission lines for a UO2/PuO2/AmO2/NpO2 fuel pellet thus far. The identification and assignments of spectral emission lines for U, Pu, and Am are consistent with wavelength data from the literature. However, only a few emission lines have been assigned with a high degree of confidence for Np compared with atomic emission data from the literature. We also indicate where atomic emission lines for Cm would most likely appear in the spectral regions shown. Finally, we demonstrate that a LIES system with a resolving power of approximately 20 000 is adequate for analyzing complex mixtures of actinide elements within the same sample. C1 [Barefield, James E., II; Judge, Elizabeth J.; Berg, John M.; Willson, Stephen P.; Le, Loan A.; Lopez, Leon N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Barefield, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jbarefield@lanl.gov OI Berg, John/0000-0002-6533-3573; Barefield, James/0000-0001-8674-6214; Judge, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2747-1326 FU Next Generation Safeguards Initiative, Office of Non-proliferation and International Security, National Nuclear Security Administration; Defense Threat Reduction Agency Nuclear Detection and Forensics Division; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX The authors acknowledge the support of this work from the Next Generation Safeguards Initiative, Office of Non-proliferation and International Security, National Nuclear Security Administration, and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Nuclear Detection and Forensics Division. The Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 37 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 5320 SPECTRUM DRIVE SUITE C, FREDERICK, MD 21703 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 67 IS 4 BP 433 EP 440 DI 10.1366/12-06830 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 120KB UT WOS:000317168100013 PM 23601543 ER PT J AU Hastbacka, M Beeson, T Cooperman, A Dieckmann, J Bouza, A AF Hastbacka, Mildred Beeson, Tracy Cooperman, Alissa Dieckmann, John Bouza, Antonio TI Harvesting Daylight SO ASHRAE JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Hastbacka, Mildred] TIAX LLC, Lexington, MA USA. [Cooperman, Alissa; Dieckmann, John] TIAX LLC, Mech Syst Grp, Lexington, MA USA. [Beeson, Tracy] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Bouza, Antonio] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. RP Hastbacka, M (reprint author), TIAX LLC, Lexington, MA USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC, PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA SN 0001-2491 J9 ASHRAE J JI ASHRAE J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 55 IS 4 BP 60 EP 62 PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 119JY UT WOS:000317094800010 ER PT J AU Dantas, JM Morgado, L Pokkuluri, PR Turner, DL Salgueiro, CA AF Dantas, Joana M. Morgado, Leonor Pokkuluri, P. Raj Turner, David L. Salgueiro, Carlos A. TI Solution structure of a mutant of the triheme cytochrome PpcA from Geobacter sulfurreducens sheds light on the role of the conserved aromatic residue F15 SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS LA English DT Article DE Geobacter; Multiheme cytochromes; NMR; Structure-function; Site-directed mutagenesis ID C-TYPE CYTOCHROMES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DESULFOVIBRIO-VULGARIS; ELECTRICITY-GENERATION; PROTEIN STRUCTURES; FE(III) REDUCTION; NMR; ENERGY; FAMILY; C(7) AB Extracellular electron transfer is one of the physiological hallmarks of Geobacteraceae. Most of the Geobacter species encode for more than 100 c-type cytochromes which are, in general, poorly conserved between individual species. An exception to this is the PpcA family of periplasmic triheme c-type cytochromes, which are the most abundant proteins in these bacteria. The functional characterization of PpcA showed that it has the necessary properties to couple electron/proton transfer, a fundamental step for ATP synthesis. The detailed thermodynamic characterization of a PpcA mutant, in which the strictly conserved residue phenylalanine 15 was replaced by leucine, showed that the global redox network of cooperativities among heme groups is altered, preventing the mutant from performing a concerted electron/proton transfer. In this work, we determined the solution structure of PpcA F15L mutant in the fully reduced state using NMR spectroscopy by producing N-15-labeled protein. In addition, pH-dependent conformational changes were mapped onto the structure. The mutant structure obtained is well defined, with an average pairwise root-mean-square deviation of 0.36 angstrom for the backbone atoms and 1.14 angstrom for all heavy atoms. Comparison between the mutant and wild-type structures elucidated the contribution of phenylalanine 15 in the modulation of the functional properties of PpcA. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dantas, Joana M.; Morgado, Leonor; Salgueiro, Carlos A.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Quim, Requimte CQFB, P-2829516 Caparica, Portugal. [Pokkuluri, P. Raj] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Turner, David L.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Inst Tecnol Quim & Biol, P-2780157 Oeiras, Portugal. RP Salgueiro, CA (reprint author), Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Quim, Requimte CQFB, Campus Caparica, P-2829516 Caparica, Portugal. EM csalgueiro@fct.unl.pt RI Caparica, cqfb_staff/H-2611-2013; REQUIMTE, AL/H-9106-2013; Salgueiro, Carlos/A-4522-2013; REQUIMTE, UCIBIO/N-9846-2013; Caparica, PTNMR/E-5112-2013; Turner, David/B-9061-2011; Morgado, Leonor/D-7387-2013; Dantas, Joana/B-8275-2017 OI Salgueiro, Carlos/0000-0003-1136-809X; Turner, David/0000-0002-3754-6459; Morgado, Leonor/0000-0002-3760-5180; Dantas, Joana/0000-0002-4852-7608 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (Portugal) [PIDC/QUI/70182/2006, PEst-C/EQB/IA006/2011]; BI under the scope of the project [RIDC/QUI/70182/2006]; FCT, Projecto de Re-equipamento Cientifico, Portugal [REDE/1517/RMN/2005]; division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy program [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; BPD under the scope of the project [RIDC/QUI/70182/2006] FX This work was supported by the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (Portugal) grants PIDC/QUI/70182/2006 and PEst-C/EQB/IA006/2011. J.M.D. and LM. are recipient of a BI and BPD under the scope of the project RIDC/QUI/70182/2006, respectively. We acknowledge LabRMN at FCT-UNL and Rede Nacional de RMN for access to the facilities. Rede Nacional de RMN is supported with funds from FCT, Projecto de Re-equipamento Cientifico, Portugal (project number REDE/1517/RMN/2005). P.R.P. is supported by the division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy program under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2728 J9 BBA-BIOENERGETICS JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg. PD APR PY 2013 VL 1827 IS 4 BP 484 EP 492 DI 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.12.008 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 120EU UT WOS:000317154400002 PM 23313804 ER PT J AU Chung, CW Chun, J Um, W Sundaram, SK Westsik, JH AF Chung, Chul-Woo Chun, Jaehun Um, Wooyong Sundaram, S. K. Westsik, Joseph H., Jr. TI Setting and stiffening of cementitious components in Cast Stone waste form for disposal of secondary wastes from the Hanford waste treatment and immobilization plant SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Rheology; X-ray diffraction; Transport Properties; Radioactive Waste; Ultrasonic wave reflection ID ULTRASONIC WAVE REFLECTION; SUSPENSIONS; COHESION; PASTE AB Cast Stone is a cementitious waste form, a viable option to immobilize secondary nuclear liquid wastes generated from the Hanford Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant. However, no study has been performed to understand the flow and stiffening behavior, which is essential to ensure proper workability and is important to safety in a nuclear waste field-scale application. X-ray diffraction, rheology, and ultrasonic wave reflection methods were used to understand the specific phase formation and stiffening of Cast Stone. Our results showed a good correlation between rheological properties of the fresh mixture and phase formation in Cast Stone. Secondary gypsum formation was observed with low concentration simulants, and the formation of gypsum was suppressed in high concentration simulants. A threshold concentration for the drastic change in stiffening was found at 1.56 M Na concentration. It was found that the stiffening of Cast Stone was strongly dependent on the concentration of simulant. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chung, Chul-Woo; Chun, Jaehun; Um, Wooyong; Sundaram, S. K.; Westsik, Joseph H., Jr.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Chun, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM jaehun.chun@pnnl.gov FU Washington River Protection Solutions (WRPS); WCU (World Class University) program at the Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering (DANE) in POSTECH through the National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [R31-30005]; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX The project was primarily supported by Washington River Protection Solutions (WRPS), the tank farm operations contractor for the United States Department of Energy Office of River Protection operating at the Hanford site in Washington State. A portion of support was provided by WCU (World Class University) program at the Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering (DANE) in POSTECH through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (R31-30005). The authors appreciate the project assistance provided by Michelle M Valenta, Kent E Parker, and Marcia Kimura at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. We also appreciate the support of raw materials from Mr. John Harris at Lafarge North America Corp. PNNL is a multi-program national laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 46 BP 14 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.01.003 PG 9 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 120JC UT WOS:000317165600002 ER PT J AU Xu, F Wang, MX Sun, LL Liu, Q Sun, HF Stach, EA Xie, J AF Xu, Fan Wang, Mei-xian Sun, Lili Liu, Qi Sun, Hong-fang Stach, Eric A. Xie, Jian TI Enhanced Pt/C catalyst stability using p-benzensulfonic acid functionalized carbon blacks as catalyst supports SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Pt nanoparticles; Catalyst; Carbon; RDE; Corrosion; PEFC ID PEM FUEL-CELL; DIAZONIUM SALTS; ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; DEGRADATION; PERFORMANCE; MEMBRANE; DURABILITY; CORROSION; ELECTRODE; SURFACES AB The functional group p-benzensulfonic acid (pb-SO3H) was chemically attached to the surfaces of two different carbon supports, XC72 and BP2000, to improve carbon support corrosion resistance. An accelerated durability test (ADT) utilizing a rotating disk electrode (ROE) system was used to study the corrosion of Pt catalysts using these two carbon supports, Pt/FXC72-SO3H and Pt/FBP2000-SO3H, under simulated fuel cell conditions. The results showed that the functional group pb-SO3H can effectively reduce the performance decay of these catalysts by enhancing the corrosion resistance of the carbon support and promoting the stability of the Pt nanoparticles. The ECASA and ORR current measurements of these catalysts indicate that the effects of the functional group (pb-SO3H) on improving carbon corrosion resistance were more significant for the BP2000 than for the XC72. TME imaging revealed that the size of the Pt nanoparticles was significantly reduced and the particle distribution was improved in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Xu, Fan; Wang, Mei-xian; Sun, Lili; Liu, Qi; Xie, Jian] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Purdue Sch Engn & Technol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Sun, Hong-fang] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sun, Hong-fang] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Stach, Eric A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Xie, J (reprint author), Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Purdue Sch Engn & Technol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM jianxie@iupui.edu RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; Xu, Fan/L-1114-2013 OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; FU Multi-disciplinary Undergraduate Research Initiative (MURI) of Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI); Center for Functional Nanomaterials of Brookhaven National Laboratory (US-DOE ) [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This work was partially supported by the Multi-disciplinary Undergraduate Research Initiative (MURI) of Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). This research was also carried out in part at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials of Brookhaven National Laboratory (US-DOE contract DE-AC02-98CH10886). NR 49 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 EI 1873-3859 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 94 BP 172 EP 181 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.01.097 PG 10 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 123HF UT WOS:000317378300023 ER PT J AU Menard, MC Marschilok, AC Takeuchi, KJ Takeuchi, ES AF Menard, Melissa C. Marschilok, Amy C. Takeuchi, Kenneth J. Takeuchi, Esther S. TI Variation in the iron oxidation states of magnetite nanocrystals as a function of crystallite size: The impact on electrochemical capacity SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Magnetite; Crystallite size; Rietveld; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; X-ray absorption near edge structure ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES; ANODE MATERIALS; K-EDGE; PARTICLE-SIZE; FE3O4; SPECTROSCOPY; LI; ALPHA-FE2O3 AB We have investigated magnetite (Fe3O4) as an electroactive battery electrode material, where a linear relationship was observed between Fe3O4 crystallite size and capacity, with a negative slope. In order to better understand this novel relationship, we report here the Rietveld refinement and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) investigation of nanosized Fe3O4 as a function of crystallite size (7-26 nm). Rietveld refinement established that the Fe3O4 samples were phase pure, while the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) provided insight into the local geometries and electronic structure of the iron centers, including oxidation state assignment. From our current and recent studies, we suggest that the surface of the Fe3O4 crystallites is rich in Fe3+, thus as the Fe3O4 crystallite size decreases, the electrochemical capacity increases, due to a net enrichment of Fe3O4 in Fe3+. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Menard, Melissa C.; Marschilok, Amy C.; Takeuchi, Kenneth J.; Takeuchi, Esther S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Menard, Melissa C.; Marschilok, Amy C.; Takeuchi, Esther S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Takeuchi, Esther S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Global & Reg Solut Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Takeuchi, KJ (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM amy.marschilok@stonybrook.edu; kenneth.takeuchi.1@stonybrook.edu; esther.takeuchi@stonybrook.edu RI Marschilok, Amy/D-1821-2014; Takeuchi, Esther/D-1825-2014 FU New York State Energy Research and Development Authority [18517]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0002460] FX M. C. Menard acknowledges the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (Agreement 18517) for support of her postdoctoral fellowship. E. S. Takeuchi, K. J. Takeuchi, and A. C. Marschilok acknowledge the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Grant DE-SC0002460) for support of this project. The authors acknowledge Dr. Kaumudi Pandya for helpful discussions related to Beamline X11B at the National Synchotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The authors also acknowledge Dr. Kyung-Wan Nam for helpful discussions related to XAS. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 62 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 94 BP 320 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.02.012 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 123HF UT WOS:000317378300042 ER PT J AU Lindblom, SD Valdez-Barillas, JR Fakra, SC Marcus, MA Wangeline, AL Pilon-Smits, EAH AF Lindblom, Stormy Dawn Valdez-Barillas, Jose R. Fakra, Sirine C. Marcus, Matthew A. Wangeline, Ami L. Pilon-Smits, Elizabeth A. H. TI Influence of microbial associations on selenium localization and speciation in roots of Astragalus and Stanleya hyperaccumulators SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE X-ray absorption spectroscopy; X-ray fluorescence mapping; Endophyte; Rhizobium ID PRAIRIE DOG HERBIVORY; MOUNTAIN FRONT RANGE; INDIAN MUSTARD; PROTECTS PLANTS; SOIL SELENIUM; ACCUMULATION; TOLERANCE; PINNATA; SULFUR; REDUCTION AB Selenium (Se) hyperaccumulator plants can accumulate and tolerate Se up to 1% of their dry weight. Since little is known about below-ground processes of Se uptake and metabolism in hyperaccumulators, X-ray absorption spectromicroscopy was used to characterize the chemical composition and spatial distribution of Se in roots of Astragalus and Stanleya hyperaccumulators. Selenium was present throughout the roots, with the highest levels in the cortex. The main form of Se (48-95%) in both species collected from naturally seleniferous soil was an organic C-Se-C compound, likely methyl-selenocysteine. In addition, surprisingly high fractions (up to 35%) of elemental Se (Se-0) were found, a form so far not reported in plants but commonly produced by Se-tolerant bacteria and fungi. Four fungi collected from hyperaccumulator roots were characterized with respect to their Se tolerance and ability to produce Se-0, and then used to inoculate hyperaccumulators in a controlled greenhouse study. The roots of the greenhouse-grown Astragalus and Stanleya contained mainly C-Se-C; in most plants no Se-0 was detected, with the exception of Astragalus nodules and roots of Astragalus inoculated with Alternaria astragali, an Se-0-producing fungus. Apparently, Se-0-producing endosymbionts including nitrogen-fixing bacteria and endophytic fungi or bacteria in the root can affect Se speciation in hyperaccumulator roots. Microbes that affect plant Se speciation may be applicable in phytoremediation and biofortification, especially if they are promiscuous and affect Se tolerance in crop species. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lindblom, Stormy Dawn; Valdez-Barillas, Jose R.; Pilon-Smits, Elizabeth A. H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Fakra, Sirine C.; Marcus, Matthew A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wangeline, Ami L.] Laramie Cty Community Coll, Dept Biol, Cheyenne, WY 82007 USA. RP Pilon-Smits, EAH (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM epsmits@lamar.colostate.edu FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0817748]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NIH, INBRE Program of the National Center for Research Resources [P20 RR016474] FX Funding for these studies was provided by the National Science Foundation Grant # IOS-0817748 to EAHPS. The A.L.S. is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); Contract #: DE-AC02-05CH11231. A.L.W. is funded by NIH Grant # P20 RR016474 from the INBRE Program of the National Center for Research Resources. NR 66 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 70 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 EI 1873-7307 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD APR PY 2013 VL 88 SI SI BP 33 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.12.011 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 118LF UT WOS:000317026300006 ER PT J AU Ivankov, DN Payne, SH Galperin, MY Bonissone, S Pevzner, PA Frishman, D AF Ivankov, Dmitry N. Payne, Samuel H. Galperin, Michael Y. Bonissone, Stefano Pevzner, Pavel A. Frishman, Dmitrij TI How many signal peptides are there in bacteria? SO ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; N-TERMINAL PEPTIDES; COMBINED TRANSMEMBRANE TOPOLOGY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTRA; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; GENOME ANNOTATION; SORTING SIGNALS; CLEAVAGE SITES; PREDICTION; IDENTIFICATION AB Over the last 5 years proteogenomics (using mass spectroscopy to identify proteins predicted from genomic sequences) has emerged as a promising approach to the high-throughput identification of protein N-termini, which remains a problem in genome annotation. Comparison of the experimentally determined N-termini with those predicted by sequence analysis tools allows identification of the signal peptides and therefore conclusions on the cytoplasmic or extracytoplasmic (periplasmic or extracellular) localization of the respective proteins. We present here the results of a proteogenomic study of the signal peptides in Escherichia coliK-12 and compare its results with the available experimental data and predictions by such software tools as SignalP and Phobius. A single proteogenomics experiment recovered more than a third of all signal peptides that had been experimentally determined during the past three decades and confirmed at least 31 additional signal peptides, mostly in the known exported proteins, which had been previously predicted but not validated. The filtering of putative signal peptides for the peptide length and the presence of an eight-residue hydrophobic patch and a typical signal peptidase cleavage site proved sufficient to eliminate the false-positive hits. Surprisingly, the results of this proteogenomics study, as well as a re-analysis of the E.coli genome with the latest version of SignalP program, show that the fraction of proteins containing signal peptides is only about 10%, or half of previous estimates. C1 [Ivankov, Dmitry N.; Frishman, Dmitrij] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Genome Oriented Bioinformat, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Payne, Samuel H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Galperin, Michael Y.] NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. [Bonissone, Stefano; Pevzner, Pavel A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Frishman, Dmitrij] Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Natl Res Ctr Environm & Hlth, Inst Bioinformat, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. RP Frishman, D (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Dept Genome Oriented Bioinformat, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. EM d.frishman@wzw.tum.de OI Payne, Samuel/0000-0002-8351-1994; Galperin, Michael/0000-0002-2265-5572 FU DFG International Training and Research Group RECESS (Regulation and Evolution of Cellular Systems); NSF [EF-0949047]; NIH Intramural Research Program at the National Library of Medicine; NIAID [IAA-Y1-A1-8401]; U.S. Department of Energy/Biological and Environmental Research national scientific user facility; DOE by Battelle [DEAC05-76RLO 1830] FX We thank Natalya Bogatyreva for assistance. D. N. I. was supported by the DFG International Training and Research Group RECESS (Regulation and Evolution of Cellular Systems). S. H. P. was supported by an NSF award EF-0949047. M. Y. G. was supported by the NIH Intramural Research Program at the National Library of Medicine. Data from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory were obtained with funding from NIAID IAA-Y1-A1-8401 in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy/Biological and Environmental Research national scientific user facility. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the DOE by Battelle under Contract DEAC05-76RLO 1830. NR 47 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1462-2912 EI 1462-2920 J9 ENVIRON MICROBIOL JI Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 15 IS 4 BP 983 EP 990 DI 10.1111/1462-2920.12105 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 122AM UT WOS:000317287200001 PM 23556536 ER PT J AU Malaestean, IL Ellern, A Kogerler, P AF Malaestean, Iurie L. Ellern, Arkady Koegerler, Paul TI {Ce10Mn8}: Cerium Analogues of the Decavanadate Archetype SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Cerium; Manganese; Polyoxometalates ID METAL-LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; OXIDATION-STATES; CLUSTERS; CHEMISTRY; FAMILY; CORE AB In the presence of structure-directing isobutyrate (ib) ligands, CeIII and MnII salts undergo a sequence of oxidation and condensation steps, which result in the intermittent formation of the neutral coordination cluster [Mn10O2(ib)18(Hib)2], followed by Mn-decorated {Ce10Mn8} clusters. Their common inorganic {CeIV10MnII2MnIII6O18} core features a cerium oxide substructure with a decavanadate-type metal framework, which showcases that molecular cerium oxide structures indeed can adopt certain structural principles of classical polyoxometalates. In addition, we identified the exact composition and structure of the precursor manganese isobutyrate, which actually consists of [Mn6(ib)12(Hib)6] macrocycles. C1 [Malaestean, Iurie L.; Koegerler, Paul] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Inorgan Chem, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. [Ellern, Arkady] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Koegerler, Paul] Res Ctr Julich, Peter Grunberg Inst PGI 6, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Kogerler, P (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Inorgan Chem, D-52074 Aachen, Germany. EM paul.koegerler@ac.rwth-aachen.de RI Kogerler, Paul/H-5866-2013 OI Kogerler, Paul/0000-0001-7831-3953 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 35 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1434-1948 EI 1099-0682 J9 EUR J INORG CHEM JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 1635 EP 1638 DI 10.1002/ejic.201201247 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 116VZ UT WOS:000316912500010 ER PT J AU Hou, Y Fang, XK Kwon, KD Criscenti, LJ Davis, D Lambert, T Nyman, M AF Hou, Yu Fang, Xikui Kwon, Kideok D. Criscenti, Louise J. Davis, Danae Lambert, Tim Nyman, May TI Computational and Experimental Characterization of a Cagelike Fe15 Polycation SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Polyoxometalates; Magnetic properties; Electrochemistry; Solvothermal synthesis; Iron ID SINGLE-MOLECULE MAGNET; GROUND-STATE; SOLVOTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; FERRIC WHEELS; COORDINATION POLYMERS; III COMPLEXES; OXO CLUSTERS; MIXED-VALENT; IRON; IRON(III) AB Polynuclear open-shell transition-metal clusters are synthetically challenging, yet fascinating from the perspective of their diverse properties. Iron clusters in particular can exhibit interesting magnetic and electrochemical behaviour, and they can potentially be exploited as models for geochemical processes at iron oxide surfaces. From solvothermal synthesis, we have obtained a cagelike polycationic FeIII cluster, [Fe15Cl6O6(OH)2(C3H6O2)12]+, which features the common polyoxometalate (POM) Keggin ion trimer fragments oriented in an inverse fashion relative to the centre of the cluster. In addition to solid-state structural characterization, we have examined the magnetic properties, which revealed the presence of antiferromagnetic exchange within the polynuclear system. Electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) revealed that the Fe9 core of the cluster remains intact upon dissolution, whereas the FeCl2+ caps are more labile. Computational studies agree well with the observed antiferromagnetic character, as well as the HOMOLUMO bandgap, and also describe these frontier orbitals. C1 [Hou, Yu; Kwon, Kideok D.; Criscenti, Louise J.; Davis, Danae; Lambert, Tim; Nyman, May] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Fang, Xikui] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Fang, Xikui] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Fang, XK (reprint author), US DOE, Ames Lab, 148 Spedding Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM May.nyman@oregonstate.edu FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; U. S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Geosciences research; Department of Energy - Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358] FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Geosciences research. The work at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the Department of Energy - Basic Energy Sciences under Contract DE-AC02-07CH11358. NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 62 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1434-1948 J9 EUR J INORG CHEM JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 IS 10-11 SI SI BP 1780 EP 1787 DI 10.1002/ejic.201201128 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA 116VZ UT WOS:000316912500032 ER PT J AU Rucci, A Vasco, DW Novali, F AF Rucci, Alessio Vasco, D. W. Novali, Fabrizio TI Monitoring the geologic storage of carbon dioxide using multicomponent SAR interferometry SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Time-series analysis; Inverse theory; Satellite geodesy; Transient deformation; Radar interferometry; Fractures and faults; Africa ID RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; SURFACE DEFORMATION; EARTHS SURFACE; HALF-SPACE; FLUID-FLOW; EARTHQUAKE; CALIFORNIA; FIELD; SLIP; INVERSION AB Combining interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data from ascending and descending orbits we estimate both quasi-vertical and quasi-east west displacements for a region in central Algeria, an area encompassing an active large-scale carbon dioxide storage project, the In Salah gas storage project. The surface deformation associated with the injection into three horizontal wells is clearly visible in the InSAR estimates. We find that the addition of the quasi-horizontal displacement data enables us to discriminate between source models producing similar vertical displacements. In particular, predictions from a model consisting of a distribution of volume changes restricted to the reservoir depth interval satisfies the quasi-vertical data but does not match the quasi-east west displacement data. However, aperture changes on subvertical damage zones, intersecting each of the injection wells, give rise to displacements matching both the quasi-east west and vertical components. In all cases, we can match the observations with the most significant volume and aperture changes in regions immediately surrounding the injection wells. C1 [Rucci, Alessio; Novali, Fabrizio] Tele Rilevamento Europa, I-20143 Milan, Italy. [Vasco, D. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Rucci, A (reprint author), Tele Rilevamento Europa, Ripa Porta Ticinese 79, I-20143 Milan, Italy. EM alessio.rucci@treuropa.com; dwvasco@lbl.gov RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016; Vasco, Donald/G-3696-2015 OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628; Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05- CH11231]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; GEOSEQ project for the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Office of Coal and Power Systems, through the National Energy Technology Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy; BP; LBNL FX Work performed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Tele-Rilevamento Europa (TRE) was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05- CH11231, Office of Basic Energy Sciences and the GEOSEQ project for the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Office of Coal and Power Systems, through the National Energy Technology Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy. The In Salah CO2 Joint Industry Project (BP, Statoil and Sonatrach) is thanked for the provision and interpretation of injection and subsurface data. Work performed at Tele-Rilevamento Europa (TRE) was supported by BP and LBNL. NR 47 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 21 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD APR PY 2013 VL 193 IS 1 BP 197 EP 208 DI 10.1093/gji/ggs112 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 120KW UT WOS:000317170200015 ER PT J AU Krishnasamy, A Ra, Y Reitz, RD Bunting, B AF Krishnasamy, Anand Ra, Youngchul Reitz, Rolf D. Bunting, Bruce TI Combustion simulations of the fuels for advanced combustion engines in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Multi-component; fuels for advanced combustion engines; homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion; surrogate model; reaction mechanism ID OXIDATION; CYCLOHEXANE; MODEL; AUTOIGNITION; BENZENE; TOLUENE AB Numerical simulations of combustion have been performed for a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine operating on multi-component reference diesel fuels. Two surrogate representation methods were used to describe the nine fuels for advanced combustion engines. The first method of surrogates, denoted as physical-surrogate components, was formulated to describe the fuel's physical properties by matching its distillation profile, specific gravity, lower heating value, hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, and cetane index with measured data. The second method of surrogates, denoted as chemical-surrogate components, was introduced to represent the chemistry of the fuel components using a new group chemistry representation model. In the model, the fuel components in the physical-surrogate components and chemical-surrogate components are related through the classification of chemical structures of the components, i.e. the component in the physical-surrogate components are grouped based on their chemical classes and the chemistry of each group is calculated using a chemical kinetics mechanism (MultiChem) that represents the combustion characteristics of its chemical class. This MultiChem mechanism includes reduced reaction mechanisms for the four main surrogate hydrocarbon chemistry components of diesel fuel, n-paraffins, iso-paraffins, naphthenes, and aromatics, with two n-paraffins to provide the ability to mimic molecular weight effects. The computations were performed using a multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamic code, KIVA-ERC-CHEMKIN, and the results show that the predictions of the present multicomponent combustion models are in good agreement with experimental measurements. The combustion characteristics of the fuels for advanced combustion engines are well represented and the present models are well suited for practical engine computations. C1 [Krishnasamy, Anand; Ra, Youngchul; Reitz, Rolf D.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Engine Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53715 USA. [Bunting, Bruce] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuels Engines & Emiss Res Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Ra, Y (reprint author), Engine Res Ctr, 1500 Engn Dr,ERB 1016A, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM yra@wisc.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Vehicles Technology Program, Fuels Technology Subprogram through a sub-contract administered by Oak Ridge National Laboratory. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 38 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1468-0874 J9 INT J ENGINE RES JI Int. J. Engine Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 14 IS 2 BP 191 EP 208 DI 10.1177/1468087412454066 PG 18 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Transportation GA 123RM UT WOS:000317408300006 ER PT J AU Mikheev, VB Forsythe, WC Wang, W Nallathamby, PD Minard, KR Teeguarden, JG Thrall, BD Waters, KM Karin, N Enright, H Malfatti, M Turteltaub, K AF Mikheev, V. B. Forsythe, W. C. Wang, W. Nallathamby, P. D. Minard, K. R. Teeguarden, J. G. Thrall, B. D. Waters, K. M. Karin, N. Enright, H. Malfatti, M. Turteltaub, K. TI IN VIVO INHALATION EXPOSURES TO SUPER-PARAMAGNETIC IRON-OXIDE NANO-PARTICLES (SPIONP) FOLLOWED BY MAGNETIC PARTICLE DETECTION (MPD) AND ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY (AMS) ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL MEDICINE AND PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mikheev, V. B.; Forsythe, W. C.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Wang, W.; Nallathamby, P. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Minard, K. R.; Teeguarden, J. G.; Thrall, B. D.; Waters, K. M.; Karin, N.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Enright, H.; Malfatti, M.; Turteltaub, K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. RI Wang, Wei/B-5924-2012 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1941-2711 J9 J AEROSOL MED PULM D JI J. Aerosol Med. Pulm. Drug Deliv. PD APR PY 2013 VL 26 IS 2 BP A16 EP A16 PG 1 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 118QI UT WOS:000317040000046 ER PT J AU Cervini-Silva, J Palacios, E Munoz, MD del Angel, P Campos, EMP Chavez-Balderas, X Herrera, A AF Cervini-Silva, Javiera Palacios, Eduardo de Lourdes Munoz, Maria del Angel, Paz Mejia-Perez Campos, Elizabeth Chavez-Balderas, Ximena Herrera, Alberto TI A high-resolution electron microscopic and energy-dispersive spectroscopic study on the molecular mechanism underpinning the natural preservation of 2300 YO naturally-mummified human remains and the occurrence of small-sized [Zn][Al]Carbon spheres SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Preservation; Weathering; Antibacterial; UV protection ID ADIPOCERE FORMATION; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION; CARBON MATERIALS; EGYPTIAN MUMMY; ZNO; MUMMIFICATION; NANOPARTICLES; BACTERIA; STARCH AB In this paper we use Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy, and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy to characterize the surface of the skin of a 2300 YO, naturally-preserved mummy, belonging to a two-year and eight month girl ("Pepita"), found inside a cave located in Altamira, Queretaro, Mexico (21 40'-20 01'; 99 03'-100 36). The cave was found in Sierra Gorda, an orographic region with a relief of sedimentary origin from the Gulf of Mexico, composed by high mountains with altitude values surpassing 3000 m above sea level, with ample and steep canyons, and a prominent role on the exploitation and distribution of cinnabar (HgS). The skin showed the presence of small-sized spherules, containing Al (<= 43%) in the most exposed region (5-10 gm depth). Thin layers and structural microdomains covered small and large spheres. Structures conformed by stacked, nano-sized particles located far-from-the bunches contained C (<= 45%), Zn and Si (<= 10%), and minor amounts of Ca (<= 2.6%). By contrast, regions between spheres contained high amounts of Ca (<= 23%) and Al (<= 15%), but lacked Zn and Si. Carbon spheres showed two distinctive composition, a signature that their formation might have occurred in a least two different stages via concentric growth mechanisms, with the incorporation of Zn and Al at a later stage. [Zn][Al]Carbon spheres showed morphology and growth patterns that compared to those resulting from the hydrothermal carbonization by Fe2+ ions under mild conditions, suggesting a common mechanism of formation. Textural changes of thin films found between [ZnI[Al]Carbon spheres were attributed to differences in viscosity, which might have contributed to increases in functionality and specific surface area (by means of decreases in size) and, in turn, facilitating the sequestration of biomolecules. We propose that the presence of [ZnI[Al]Carbon spheres provides protection against bacterial and UV attack. The physical properties of these spheres helped entrap biomolecules. Taken together, these factors contributed to the preservation of Pepita. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cervini-Silva, Javiera] Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Dept Proc & Tecnol, Div Ciencias Nat & Ingn, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Mexico City 01120, DF, Mexico. [Cervini-Silva, Javiera] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. [Palacios, Eduardo; del Angel, Paz] Inst Mexicano Petr, Direcc Invest & Posgrad, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [de Lourdes Munoz, Maria] Inst Politecn Nacl CINVESTAV IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Genet & Biol Mol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Mejia-Perez Campos, Elizabeth; Herrera, Alberto] Inst Natl Antropol & Hist, Queretaro, Mexico. [Chavez-Balderas, Ximena] Inst Natl Antropol & Hist, Templo Mayor, Mexico. RP Cervini-Silva, J (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Dept Proc & Tecnol, Div Ciencias Nat & Ingn, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Artificios 40,6 Piso, Mexico City 01120, DF, Mexico. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0305-4403 J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI JI J. Archaeol. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1966 EP 1974 DI 10.1016/j.jas.2012.12.005 PG 9 WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology GA 113ZN UT WOS:000316709300032 ER PT J AU Yu, DH Butler, K Kareem, A Glimm, J Sun, JA AF Yu, Dahai Butler, Kyle Kareem, Ahsan Glimm, James Sun, Jiangang TI Simulation of the Influence of Aspect Ratio on the Aerodynamics of Rectangular Prisms SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Bluff body; Aspect ratio; LES; Aerodynamics; Turbulence; Drag; Lift; Pressure coefficient ID SEPARATED-REATTACHING FLOWS; WAVELET TRANSFORMS; SECTION CYLINDERS; STROUHAL NUMBERS; TRAILING EDGES; PRESSURE FIELD; SQUARE PRISM; FLAT PLATES; LES; TURBULENCE AB A numerical simulation of three-dimensional flow around rectangular prisms ( two dimensional) of different aspect ratios, ranging from 0.3 to 7.0, is conducted at a Reynolds number of 105, using large eddy simulation. This study identifies the influence of aspect ratio on the flow field around prisms and the attendant aerodynamics. Results show salient features in the flow field and associated pressure/aerodynamic forces caused by changes in the afterbody, which demonstrate good agreement with observations from wind tunnel experiments. A time-frequency analysis is introduced to identify the transient nature of fluctuations in the drag and lift coefficients, highlighting temporal variations in the frequency contents of these fluctuations and their resulting influence on force coefficients. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000494. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Yu, Dahai; Kareem, Ahsan] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Butler, Kyle] AIR Worldwide, Boston, MA 02116 USA. [Glimm, James] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Sun, Jiangang] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Technol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Butler, K (reprint author), AIR Worldwide, 131 Dartmouth St, Boston, MA 02116 USA. EM dahai.yu@gmail.com; kbutler@air-worldwide.com; kareem@nd.edu; glimm@ams.sunysb.edu; sun@anl.gov OI Butler, Kyle/0000-0001-5578-4306 FU National Science Foundation [CMS 03-24331, CMMI 0928282]; U.S. Department of Energy; National Computational Science Alliance [BCS960002N, DMS990000N] FX This study is supported in part by National Science Foundation Grant Nos. CMS 03-24331 and CMMI 0928282 and grants from the U.S. Department of Energy. The computations in this study were partially supported by the National Computational Science Alliance under Grant Nos. BCS960002N and DMS990000N and used the Tungsten system. The authors thank Dr. James Glimm and Dr. Jiangang Sun for support and assistance with this work, Dr. John Walter for insightful discussions and encouragement, and Professor A. Lanville for providing pictures from his experiments. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9399 J9 J ENG MECH-ASCE JI J. Eng. Mech.-ASCE PD APR PY 2013 VL 139 IS 4 BP 429 EP 438 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000494 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 118YD UT WOS:000317062300003 ER PT J AU Ionov, GV Sapozhnikov, FA Dremov, VV Preston, DL Zocher, MA AF Ionov, G. V. Sapozhnikov, F. A. Dremov, V. V. Preston, D. L. Zocher, M. A. TI The generalized embedded atom model of interatomic interaction and its application to alpha-Pu SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID PLUTONIUM; DYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; POTENTIALS AB The generalized embedded-atom model (GEAM) for interatomic interaction in metals with complex electronic and crystal structure has been developed as a modification of the angular dependence term of well-known MEAM potential. Here we present an analytical form of the new interatomic potential, including partial forces ready to be implemented into MD computer code. The new model has been applied to low-temperature monoclinic alpha-phase of plutonium. In rather long MD simulations with flexible unit cell geometry it has been shown that monoclinic lattice proved to be mechanically stable in temperature range 0-300 K and at zero stress tensor. Results of MD simulations obtained with the new model at finite temperatures were compared with experimental and ab initio data on the properties of the material. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ionov, G. V.; Sapozhnikov, F. A.; Dremov, V. V.] Russian Fed Nucl Ctr, Inst Tech Phys, Snezhinsk 456770, Chelyabinsk Reg, Russia. [Preston, D. L.; Zocher, M. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Dremov, VV (reprint author), Russian Fed Nucl Ctr, Inst Tech Phys, 13 Vasiliev St, Snezhinsk 456770, Chelyabinsk Reg, Russia. EM vvd0531@mail.ru FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Technical Physics (VNIITF); [04783-00099-35] FX The authors thank Dr. Steve Valone for helpful discussions during the final work on the manuscript. The work was performed through collaboration authorized under Contract 04783-00099-35 between the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Technical Physics (VNIITF) and Los Alamos National Laboratory. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 435 IS 1-3 BP 10 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.12.013 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 115QV UT WOS:000316827900002 ER PT J AU Egeland, GW Valdez, JA Maloy, SA McClellan, KJ Sickafus, KE Bond, GM AF Egeland, G. W. Valdez, J. A. Maloy, S. A. McClellan, K. J. Sickafus, K. E. Bond, G. M. TI Heavy-ion irradiation defect accumulation in ZrN characterized by TEM, GIXRD, nanoindentation, and helium desorption SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID YTTRIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA; TRANSITION-METAL CARBIDES; CASCADE DAMAGE CONDITIONS; RADIATION-DAMAGE; PROTON IRRADIATION; INERT MATRIX; NITRIDE; FUELS; AMORPHIZATION; TRANSMUTATION AB A study on zirconium nitride was performed to assess the effect of radiation damage by heavy ions at cryogenic and elevated temperatures. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, nanoindentation, and helium desorption studies were used to assess the damage and its effects. Xenon and krypton were used as heavy ions at 300 key to displacement damage as high as 200 dpa. Implants were cryogenic, 350 degrees C, 580 degrees C, and 800 degrees C. Amorphization was not observed at low temperatures nor was bubble formation observed at elevated temperatures, however, defect migration was observed at elevated temperatures. Nanoindenter results showed the onset of defect saturation. Helium release studies were performed to show the effect of increasing damage by Xe to 40 dpa. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Egeland, G. W.; Bond, G. M.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Valdez, J. A.; Maloy, S. A.; McClellan, K. J.; Sickafus, K. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Egeland, GW (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM gerald.egeland@gmail.com RI Maloy, Stuart/A-8672-2009 OI Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319 FU DOE through the AFCI program office under DOE [W-7405-ENG-36] FX Special thanks to John Swadener at Los Alamos National Laboratory and Brian Oliver at Pacific Northwest National Lab for help with nano indentation and helium release studies. This work was funded by DOE through the AFCI program office under DOE Contract W-7405-ENG-36. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 435 IS 1-3 BP 77 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.12.025 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 115QV UT WOS:000316827900012 ER PT J AU Anderoglu, O Zhou, MJ Zhang, J Wang, YQ Maloy, SA Baldwin, JK Misra, A AF Anderoglu, O. Zhou, M. J. Zhang, J. Wang, Y. Q. Maloy, S. A. Baldwin, J. K. Misra, A. TI He+ ion irradiation response of Fe-TiO2 multilayers SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID RADIATION-DAMAGE TOLERANCE; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; TIO2 FILMS; THIN-FILMS; HELIUM; COMPOSITES; DEPOSITION; ALLOYS; DESIGN AB The accumulation of radiation-induced defect clusters and He bubble formation in He+ ion irradiated nanocrystalline TiO2 and Fe-TiO2 multilayer thin films were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Prior to ion irradiation it was found that the crystallinity of TiO2 layers depends on the individual layer thickness: While all TiO2 layers are amorphous at 5 nm individual layer thickness, at 100 nm they are crystalline with a rutile polymorph. After He+ irradiation up to similar to 6 dpa at room temperature, amorphization of TiO2 layers was not observed in both nanocrystalline TiO2 single layers and Fe-TiO2 multilayers. The suppression of radiation-induced amorphization in TiO2 is interpreted in terms of a high density of defect sinks in these nano-composites in the form of Fe-TiO2 interphase boundaries and columnar grains within each layer with nano-scale intercolumnar porosity. In addition, a high concentration of He is believed to be trapped at these interfaces in the form of sub-nanometer-scale clusters retarding the formation of relatively larger He bubbles that can be resolved in TEM. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Anderoglu, O.; Zhou, M. J.; Zhang, J.; Wang, Y. Q.; Maloy, S. A.; Baldwin, J. K.; Misra, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Anderoglu, O (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM anderoglu@lanl.gov RI Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012; Maloy, Stuart/A-8672-2009 OI Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319 FU Center for Materials in Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) [2008LANL1026] FX This research was funded by the Center for Materials in Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) under Award No. 2008LANL1026. Access to the BES user facility CINT at LANL through an approved user proposal #P0978 is acknowledged. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 435 IS 1-3 BP 96 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.12.036 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 115QV UT WOS:000316827900014 ER PT J AU Dunn, AY McPhie, MG Capolungo, L Martinez, E Cherkaoui, M AF Dunn, A. Y. McPhie, M. G. Capolungo, L. Martinez, E. Cherkaoui, M. TI A rate theory study of helium bubble formation and retention in Cu-Nb nanocomposites SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-FE; EDGE DISLOCATIONS; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; DAMAGE ACCUMULATION; VACANCY CLUSTERS; ION-IRRADIATION; HE; COMPOSITES; DIFFUSION; COPPER AB A spatially dependent rate theory model for helium migration, clustering, and trapping on interfaces between Cu and Nb layers is introduced to predict the evolution of the concentrations of He clusters of various sizes during implantation and early annealing. Migration and binding energies of point defects and small clusters in bulk Cu and Nb are found using conjugate gradient minimization and the nudged elastic band method. This model is implemented in a three-dimensional framework and used to predict the relationship between helium bubble formation and the nano-composite microstructure, including interfacial free volume, grain size, and layer thickness. Interstitial and vacancy-like migration of helium is considered. The effects of changing layer thickness and interfacial misfit dislocation density on the threshold for helium bubble nucleation are found to match experiments. Accelerated helium release due to interfaces and grain boundaries is shown to occur only when diffusion rates on interfaces and grain boundaries are greatly increased relative to the bulk material. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dunn, A. Y.; McPhie, M. G.; Capolungo, L.; Cherkaoui, M.] CNRS, Georgia Tech, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Georgia Inst Technol,UMI 2958, F-57070 Metz, France. [Martinez, E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Capolungo, L (reprint author), CNRS, Georgia Tech, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Georgia Inst Technol,UMI 2958, F-57070 Metz, France. EM laurent.capolungo@me.gatech.edu OI Martinez Saez, Enrique/0000-0002-2690-2622 FU European Union FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from European Union, Project RADINTERFACES. NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 435 IS 1-3 BP 141 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.12.041 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 115QV UT WOS:000316827900021 ER PT J AU Yun, D Rest, J Hofman, GL Yacout, AM AF Yun, Di Rest, Jeffrey Hofman, Gerard L. Yacout, Abdellatif M. TI An initial assessment of a mechanistic model, GRASS-SST, in U-Pu-Zr metallic alloy fuel fission-gas behavior simulations SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID IRRADIATION BEHAVIOR; REACTOR-FUELS; RELEASE AB A mechanistic kinetic rate theory model originally developed for the prediction of fission gas behavior in oxide nuclear fuels under steady-state and transient conditions has been assessed to investigate its applicability to model fission gas behavior in U-Pu-Zr metallic alloy fuel. In order to capture and validate the underlying physics for irradiated U-Pu-Zr fuels, the mechanistic model was applied to evaluate fission gas release, fission gas and fission product induced swelling, and detailed gas bubble size distributions in three different fuel zones: the outer alpha-U, the intermediate, and the inner gamma-U zones. Due to its special microstructural features, the alpha-U zone in U-Pu-Zr fuels is believed to contribute the largest fraction of fission gas release among the different fuel zones. It is shown that with the use of small effective grain sizes, the mechanistic model can predict fission gas release that is in reasonable consistence with (though slightly lower than) experimentally measured data. These simulation results are comparable to the experimentally measured fission gas release since the mechanism of fission gas transport through the densely distributed laminar porosity in the alpha-U zone is analogous to the mechanism of fission gas transport through the interconnected gas bubble porosity utilized in the mechanistic model. Detailed gas bubble size distributions predicted with the mechanistic model in both the intermediate zone and the high temperature gamma-U zone of U-Pu-Zr fuel are also compared to experimental measurements from available SEM micrographs. These comparisons show good agreement between the simulation results and experimental measurements, and therefore provide crucial guidelines for the selection of key physical parameters required for modeling these two zones. Material properties such as fuel grain size and thermal diffusivity of gas and model parameters such as di-atom nucleation probability and gas bubble re-solution constant are predicted by these comparisons. In addition, the results of parametric studies for several parameters are presented for both the intermediate zone and the gamma-U zone simulations in order to clarify the sensitivities of simulation results on these parameters. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Yun, Di; Rest, Jeffrey; Hofman, Gerard L.; Yacout, Abdellatif M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Yun, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM diyun@anl.gov RI Yun, Di/K-6441-2013 OI Yun, Di/0000-0002-9767-3214 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported under US Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 435 IS 1-3 BP 153 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.j.nucmat.2012.12.024 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 115QV UT WOS:000316827900022 ER PT J AU Field, KG Barnard, LM Parish, CM Busby, JT Morgan, D Allen, TR AF Field, Kevin G. Barnard, Leland M. Parish, Chad M. Busby, Jeremy T. Morgan, Dane Allen, Todd R. TI Dependence on grain boundary structure of radiation induced segregation in a 9 wt.% Cr model ferritic/martensitic steel SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID FERRITIC-MARTENSITIC STEELS; INDUCED SOLUTE SEGREGATION; POINT-DEFECT INTERACTIONS; FOCUSED ION-BEAM; ALLOYS; IRRADIATION; TEM; MISORIENTATION; PLANE AB Ferritic/Martensitic (F/M) steels containing 9 wt.% Cr are candidates for structural and cladding components in the next generation of advanced nuclear fission and fusion reactors. Although it is known these alloys exhibit radiation-induced segregation (RIS) at grain boundaries (GBs) while in-service, little is known about the mechanism behind RIS in F/M steels. The classical understanding of RIS in F/M steels presents a mechanism where point defects migrate to GBs acting as perfect sinks. However, variation in grain boundary structure may influence the sink efficiency and these migration processes. A proton irradiated 9 wt.% Cr model alloy steel was investigated using STEM/EDS spectrum imaging and GB mis-orientation analysis to determine the role of GB structure on RIS at different GBs. An ab initio based rate theory model was developed and compared to the experimental findings. This investigation found Cr preferentially segregates to specific GB structures. The preferential segregation to specific GB structures suggests GB structure plays a key role in the mechanism behind radiation-induced segregation, showing that not all grain boundaries in F/M steels act as perfect sinks. The study also found how irradiation dose and temperature impact the radiation-induced segregation response in F/M steels. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Field, Kevin G.; Barnard, Leland M.; Morgan, Dane; Allen, Todd R.] Univ Wisconsin, Mat Sci Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Parish, Chad M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37832 USA. [Busby, Jeremy T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Fuel Cycle & Isotopes Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37832 USA. RP Field, KG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Mat Sci Program, 1500 Engn Dr,ERB719, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM kgfield@wisc.edu; lmbarnard@wisc.edu; parishcm@ornl.gov; busbyjt@ornl.gov; ddmor-gan@wisc.edu; allen@engr.wisc.edu RI Parish, Chad/J-8381-2013; Field, Kevin/K-1942-2013; OI Field, Kevin/0000-0002-3105-076X; Allen, Todd/0000-0002-2372-7259 FU Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy (DOE); National Science Foundation (NSF; US DOE, Office of Nuclear Energy Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), [10-172]; US DOE, Office of Nuclear Energy, NEUP [10-888]; US DOE, Office of Nuclear Energy under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DEAC07-051D14517] FX The authors acknowledge Kim Kriewaldt and Alicia Certain for their contributions at the UW Ion Beam Laboratory, Janelle Wharry for providing samples from the UM Ion Beam Laboratory and Jim Bentley for his assistance on the project. A portion of this research was conducted at the SHaRE user Facility, which is sponsored by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy (DOE). A portion of this research utilized National Science Foundation (NSF) supported shared facilities at the University of Wisconsin. Experimental work was supported by the US DOE, Office of Nuclear Energy Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), award 10-172. Modeling work for D. Morgan was supported by US DOE, Office of Nuclear Energy, NEUP, award 10-888 and for L Barnard by the Rickover Fellowship Program. Additional support was provided by the US DOE, Office of Nuclear Energy under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DEAC07-051D14517, as part of an ATR-NSUF experiment. NR 54 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 435 IS 1-3 BP 172 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.12.026 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 115QV UT WOS:000316827900024 ER PT J AU Kresin, VZ Ovchinnikov, YN AF Kresin, Vladimir Z. Ovchinnikov, Yurii N. TI Superconducting State of Metallic Clusters: Potential for Room Temperature Superconductivity, Novel Nano-Based Tunneling Networks SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND NOVEL MAGNETISM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism (ICSM) CY APR 29-MAY 04, 2012 CL Istanbul, TURKEY ID NANOCLUSTERS; NUCLEI; PHYSICS AB Metallic clusters contain delocalized electrons, and their states form energy shells similar to those in atoms or nuclei. Under special but perfectly realistic conditions, superconducting pairing in such nanoclusters can become very strong, and they form a new family of high temperature superconductors. In principle, it is possible to raise T (C) up to room temperature. The phenomenon is promising for the creation of high T (C) superconducting tunneling networks, and hence macroscopic superconductivity. The synchronization of such networks is discussed. C1 [Kresin, Vladimir Z.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ovchinnikov, Yurii N.] LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 117334, Russia. RP Kresin, VZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM vzkresin@lbl.gov NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1939 J9 J SUPERCOND NOV MAGN JI J. Supercond. Nov. Magn PD APR PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 SI SI BP 745 EP 748 DI 10.1007/s10948-012-1961-y PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 118GX UT WOS:000317014500003 ER PT J AU Dubuis, G Bollinger, AT Pavuna, D Bozovic, I AF Dubuis, Guy Bollinger, Anthony T. Pavuna, Davor Bozovic, Ivan TI Critical Resistance at the Superconductor-Insulator Transition in Hole-Doped Cuprates SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND NOVEL MAGNETISM LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Superconductivity and Magnetism (ICSM) CY APR 29-MAY 04, 2012 CL Istanbul, TURKEY DE High temperature superconductivity; Ionic liquid; Quantum critical point; Cuprate; Thin films; Electric double layer field effect transistor ID TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; CRYSTALS AB Here, we show that in several p-type cuprates, the superconductor-to-insulator transition (SIT) occurs at the critical sheet resistance approximately equal to the quantum resistance of pairs, RQ=h/4e (2)=6.5 k Omega. In a relatively broad range of temperatures and doping levels near the quantum critical point, the sheet resistance shows universal behavior and scaling characteristic of two-dimensional quantum phase transition. C1 [Dubuis, Guy; Bollinger, Anthony T.; Bozovic, Ivan] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dubuis, Guy; Pavuna, Davor] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. RP Bozovic, I (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM bozovic@bnl.gov RI Dubuis, Guy/A-6849-2012 OI Dubuis, Guy/0000-0002-8199-4953 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1939 J9 J SUPERCOND NOV MAGN JI J. Supercond. Nov. Magn PD APR PY 2013 VL 26 IS 4 SI SI BP 749 EP 754 DI 10.1007/s10948-012-1982-6 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 118GX UT WOS:000317014500004 ER PT J AU Tsui, EY Tran, R Yano, J Agapie, T AF Tsui, Emily Y. Tran, Rosalie Yano, Junko Agapie, Theodor TI Redox-inactive metals modulate the reduction potential in heterometallic manganese-oxido clusters SO NATURE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-EVOLVING COMPLEX; ALKALINE-EARTH CATIONS; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; WATER OXIDATION; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; STRUCTURAL MODELS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SYNTHETIC MODEL; MN4CA CLUSTER AB Redox-inactive metals are found in biological and heterogeneous water oxidation catalysts, but, at present, their roles in catalysis are not well understood. Here, we report a series of high-oxidation-state tetranuclear-dioxido clusters comprising three manganese centres and a redox-inactive metal (M). Crystallographic studies show an unprecedented Mn3M(mu(4)-O)(mu(2)-O) core that remains intact on changing M or the manganese oxidation state. Electrochemical studies reveal that the reduction potentials span a window of 700 mV and are dependent on the Lewis acidity of the second metal. With the pK(a) of the redox-inactive metal-aqua complex as a measure of Lewis acidity, these compounds demonstrate a linear dependence between reduction potential and acidity with a slope of similar to 100 mV per pK(a) unit. The Sr2+ and Ca2+ compounds show similar potentials, an observation that correlates with the behaviour of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II, which is active only if one of these two metals is present. C1 [Tsui, Emily Y.; Agapie, Theodor] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Tran, Rosalie; Yano, Junko] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Agapie, T (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, 1200 East Calif Blvd MC 127-72, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM agapie@caltech.edu FU California Institute of Technology; Searle Scholars Program; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program; NSF [CHE-1151918, CHE-0639094]; NIH [F32GM100595]; Office of Basic Energy Science (OBES), Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the California Institute of Technology, the Searle Scholars Program, an NSF CAREER award (CHE-1151918 to T. A.) and the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program (to E.Y.T.). The authors thank L. M. Henling and D. E. Herbert for assistance with crystallography, and P-H. Lin for assistance with magnetic susceptibility studies. The Bruker KAPPA APEXII X-ray diffractometer was purchased with an NSF Chemistry Research Instrumentation award to Caltech (CHE-0639094). The X-ray spectroscopy work was supported by the NIH (grant no. F32GM100595 to R. T.) and by the Director of the Office of Basic Energy Science (OBES), Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, DOE (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 to J.Y.). Synchrotron facilities were provided by the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL), operated by the DOE, OBER. NR 46 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 9 U2 151 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1755-4330 J9 NAT CHEM JI Nat. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 5 IS 4 BP 293 EP 299 DI 10.1038/NCHEM.1578 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 120PJ UT WOS:000317182900012 PM 23511417 ER PT J AU Strmcnik, D Uchimura, M Wang, C Subbaraman, R Danilovic, N van der Vliet, D Paulikas, AP Stamenkovic, VR Markovic, NM AF Strmcnik, Dusan Uchimura, Masanobu Wang, Chao Subbaraman, Ram Danilovic, Nemanja van der Vliet, Dennis Paulikas, Arvydas P. Stamenkovic, Vojislav R. Markovic, Nenad M. TI Improving the hydrogen oxidation reaction rate by promotion of hydroxyl adsorption SO NATURE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; ALKALINE ELECTROLYTES; ACID-SOLUTIONS; CO ELECTROOXIDATION; EVOLUTION REACTION; PLATINUM; KINETICS; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; TEMPERATURE; CATALYSTS AB The development of hydrogen-based energy sources as viable alternatives to fossil-fuel technologies has revolutionized clean energy production using fuel cells. However, to date, the slow rate of the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) in alkaline environments has hindered advances in alkaline fuel cell systems. Here, we address this by studying the trends in the activity of the HOR in alkaline environments. We demonstrate that it can be enhanced more than fivefold compared to state-of-the-art platinum catalysts. The maximum activity is found for materials (Ir and Pt-0.1 Ru-0.9) with an optimal balance between the active sites that are required for the adsorption/dissociation of H-2 and for the adsorption of hydroxyl species (OHad). We propose that the more oxophilic sites on Ir (defects) and PtRu material (Ru atoms) electrodes facilitate the adsorption of OHad species. Those then react with the hydrogen intermediates (H-ad) that are adsorbed on more noble surface sites. C1 [Strmcnik, Dusan; Uchimura, Masanobu; Wang, Chao; Subbaraman, Ram; Danilovic, Nemanja; van der Vliet, Dennis; Paulikas, Arvydas P.; Stamenkovic, Vojislav R.; Markovic, Nenad M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Uchimura, Masanobu] Nissan Res Ctr, Adv Mat Lab, Kanagawa 2378532, Japan. RP Markovic, NM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM nmmarkovic@anl.gov RI Wang, Chao/F-4558-2012; van der Vliet, Dennis/P-2983-2015 OI Wang, Chao/0000-0001-7398-2090; van der Vliet, Dennis/0000-0002-2524-527X FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences, US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This work was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences, US Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357). NR 35 TC 128 Z9 128 U1 30 U2 398 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1755-4330 J9 NAT CHEM JI Nat. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 5 IS 4 BP 300 EP 306 DI 10.1038/NCHEM.1574 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 120PJ UT WOS:000317182900013 PM 23511418 ER PT J AU De Yoreo, J AF De Yoreo, Jim TI CRYSTAL NUCLEATION More than one pathway SO NATURE MATERIALS LA English DT News Item ID CALCIUM-CARBONATE; PRECURSOR PHASE; CLUSTERS C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP De Yoreo, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM james.deyoreo@pnnl.gov NR 10 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 10 U2 158 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1476-1122 J9 NAT MATER JI Nat. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 12 IS 4 BP 284 EP 285 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 120IV UT WOS:000317164900009 PM 23511575 ER PT J AU Huang, JY Lo, YC Niu, JJ Kushima, A Qian, XF Zhong, L Mao, SX Li, J AF Huang, Jian Yu Lo, Yu-Chieh Niu, Jun Jie Kushima, Akihiro Qian, Xiaofeng Zhong, Li Mao, Scott X. Li, Ju TI Nanowire liquid pumps SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARBON NANOTUBES; WATER; TRANSPORT; DROPLETS; NANOFLUIDICS; NANOPIPES; DYNAMICS; CHANNELS; REACTORS; JETS AB The ability to form tiny droplets of liquids(1-6) and control their movements(7-10) is important in printing or patterning(1,2), chemical reactions(10-12) and biological assays(9,10,13,14). So far, such nanofluidic(15,16) capabilities have principally used components such as channels(9,10), nozzles(1,6) or tubes(17-22), where a solid encloses the transported liquid. Here, we show that liquids can flow along the outer surface of solid nanowires at a scale of attolitres per second and the process can be directly imaged with in situ transmission electron microscopy. Microscopy videos show that an ionic liquid can be pumped along tin dioxide, silicon or zinc oxide nanowires as a thin precursor film or as beads riding on the precursor film. Theoretical analysis suggests there is a critical film thickness of similar to 10 nm below which the liquid flows as a flat film and above which it flows as discrete beads. This critical thickness is the result of intermolecular forces between solid and liquid, which compete with liquid surface energy and Rayleigh-Plateau instability. C1 [Huang, Jian Yu] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Lo, Yu-Chieh; Niu, Jun Jie; Kushima, Akihiro; Qian, Xiaofeng; Li, Ju] MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Lo, Yu-Chieh; Niu, Jun Jie; Kushima, Akihiro; Qian, Xiaofeng; Li, Ju] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Lo, Yu-Chieh] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Zhong, Li; Mao, Scott X.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Mao, Scott X.] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Electron Microscopy, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Huang, JY (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM liju@mit.edu RI Qian, Xiaofeng/P-4715-2016; Kushima, Akihiro/H-2347-2011; Qian, Xiaofeng/E-7727-2012; Li, Ju/A-2993-2008; Zhong, Li/I-3714-2014 OI Qian, Xiaofeng/0000-0003-1627-288X; Qian, Xiaofeng/0000-0003-1627-288X; Li, Ju/0000-0002-7841-8058; FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL); Science of Precision Multifunctional Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES), an Energy Frontier Research Centre; US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) [DESC0001160]; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-1120901]; NSF through University of Pittsburgh [CMMI 08 010934] FX This work was supported by a Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and by the Science of Precision Multifunctional Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES), an Energy Frontier Research Centre funded by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) under award DESC0001160. This work was performed, in part, at the Sandia-Los Alamos Centre for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), a US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user facility. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogramme laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (under contract no. DE-AC04-94AL85000). Y.C.L., J.J.N., A.K., X.F.Q. and J.L. acknowledge support by the National Science Foundation (NSF; grant DMR-1120901). J.Y.H. thanks Chongmin Wang and Wu Xu for providing the ionic liquid and the SnO2 nanowires. L.Z. and S.X.M. acknowledge support from the NSF (grant CMMI 08 010934) through University of Pittsburgh. NR 33 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 12 U2 212 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1748-3387 J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL JI Nat. Nanotechnol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 8 IS 4 BP 277 EP 281 DI 10.1038/NNANO.2013.41 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 118ST UT WOS:000317046800015 PM 23542904 ER PT J AU Neng, LL Zhang, WJ Hassan, A Zemla, M Kachelmeier, A Fridberger, A Auer, M Shi, XR AF Neng, Lingling Zhang, Wenjing Hassan, Ahmed Zemla, Marcin Kachelmeier, Allan Fridberger, Anders Auer, Manfred Shi, Xiaorui TI Isolation and culture of endothelial cells, pericytes and perivascular resident macrophage-like melanocytes from the young mouse ear SO NATURE PROTOCOLS LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; EPITHELIUM-DERIVED FACTOR; MODEL; ANGIOGENESIS; MORPHOLOGY; TRANSPORT; MUSCLE; FETAL; MICE AB This protocol describes a growth medium-based approach for obtaining cochlear endothelial cells (ECECs), pericytes (PCPCs) and perivascular resident macrophage-like melanocytes (PVM/Ms) from the stria vascularis of mice aged between P10 and P15 (P, postnatal day). The procedure does not involve mechanical or enzymatic digestion of the sample tissue. Explants of stria vascularis, 'mini-chips', are selectively cultured in growth medium, and primary cell lines are obtained in 7-10 d. The method is simple and reliable, and it provides high-quality ECECs, PVM/Ms and PCPCs with a purity >90% after two passages. This protocol is suitable for producing primary culture cells from organs and tissues of small volume and high anatomical complexity, such as the inner ear capillaries. The highly purified primary cell lines enable cell culture-based in vitro modeling of cell-cell interactions, barrier control function and drug action. C1 [Neng, Lingling; Zhang, Wenjing; Kachelmeier, Allan; Shi, Xiaorui] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Oregon Hearing Res Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Neng, Lingling; Zhang, Wenjing] Zhengzhou Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Zhengzhou, Henan, Peoples R China. [Hassan, Ahmed; Zemla, Marcin; Auer, Manfred] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fridberger, Anders] Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, Stockholm, Sweden. RP Shi, XR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Oregon Hearing Res Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM shix@ohsu.edu RI Fridberger, Anders/E-8977-2010 OI Fridberger, Anders/0000-0002-7960-1559 FU US National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) grant [DC008888-02A1]; NIH NIDCD grant [DC008888-02S1, R01-DC010844, R21-DC12398-01]; NIH grant [P30-DC005983]; NIH National Institute of General Medical Services (NIGMS) grant [P01-051487-15] FX This work was supported by US National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) grant no. DC008888-02A1 (X.S.), NIH NIDCD grant no. DC008888-02S1 (X.S.), NIH NIDCD grant no. R01-DC010844 (X.S.), NIH NIDCD grant no. R21-DC12398-01 (X.S.), NIH grant no. P30-DC005983 and NIH National Institute of General Medical Services (NIGMS) grant no. P01-051487-15 (M.A.). NR 33 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 14 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1754-2189 J9 NAT PROTOC JI Nat. Protoc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 8 IS 4 BP 709 EP 720 DI 10.1038/nprot.2013.033 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 119PY UT WOS:000317111000006 PM 23493068 ER PT J AU Pennacchio, LA Bickmore, W Dean, A Nobrega, MA Bejerano, G AF Pennacchio, Len A. Bickmore, Wendy Dean, Ann Nobrega, Marcelo A. Bejerano, Gill TI Enhancers: five essential questions SO NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID LONG-RANGE INTERACTION; LOCUS-CONTROL REGION; GENE ACTIVATION; HUMAN GENOME; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ENHANCERS; REGULATORY SEQUENCES; HUMAN-CELLS; PROMOTER; EVOLUTION; ELEMENTS AB It is estimated that the human genome contains hundreds of thousands of enhancers, so understanding these gene-regulatory elements is a crucial goal. Several fundamental questions need to be addressed about enhancers, such as how do we identify them all, how do they work, and how do they contribute to disease and evolution? Five prominent researchers in this field look at how much we know already and what needs to be done to answer these questions. C1 [Pennacchio, Len A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genom Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bickmore, Wendy] Univ Edinburgh, MRC Human Genet Unit, IGMM, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Midlothian, Scotland. [Dean, Ann] NIDDK, Lab Cellular & Dev Biol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Nobrega, Marcelo A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bejerano, Gill] Stanford Univ, Beckman Ctr B300, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Nobrega, MA (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM lapennacchio@lbl.gov; wendy.bickmore@igmm.ed.ac.uk; anndean@helix.nih.gov; nobrega@uchicago.edu; bejerano@stanford.edu RI Bickmore, Wendy/C-7314-2013 OI Bickmore, Wendy/0000-0001-6660-7735 FU US National Human Genome Research Institute [R01HG003988, U54HG006997]; US Department of Energy, University of California [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Intramural Program of the US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH); US National Institutes of Health [R01DK093972, R01HL114010] FX L.A.P. was supported by US National Human Genome Research Institute grants R01HG003988 and U54HG006997. Research was conducted at the E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and carried out under US Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231, University of California. A.D. acknowledges support for research in her laboratory by the Intramural Program of the US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). M.A.N. is currently supported by the US National Institutes of Health, grants R01DK093972 and R01HL114010. G.B. thanks members of his laboratory, past and present, for their wisdom and company. NR 74 TC 70 Z9 73 U1 3 U2 75 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1471-0056 EI 1471-0064 J9 NAT REV GENET JI Nat. Rev. Genet. PD APR PY 2013 VL 14 IS 4 BP 288 EP 295 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 117TF UT WOS:000316975300012 PM 23503198 ER PT J AU Qi, XH Nellas, RB Byrn, MW Russell, MH Bible, AN Alexandre, G Shen, TY AF Qi, Xianghong Nellas, Ricky B. Byrn, Matthew W. Russell, Matthew H. Bible, Amber N. Alexandre, Gladys Shen, Tongye TI Swimming motility plays a key role in the stochastic dynamics of cell clumping SO PHYSICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AZOSPIRILLUM-BRASILENSE; BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; COLLECTIVE MOTION; HYDRODYNAMIC INTERACTIONS; BACTERIAL COLONIES; CHEMOTAXIS; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEM; AGGREGATION; PARTICLES AB Dynamic cell-to-cell interactions are a prerequisite to many biological processes, including development and biofilm formation. Flagellum induced motility has been shown to modulate the initial cell-cell or cell-surface interaction and to contribute to the emergence of macroscopic patterns. While the role of swimming motility in surface colonization has been analyzed in some detail, a quantitative physical analysis of transient interactions between motile cells is lacking. We examined the Brownian dynamics of swimming cells in a crowded environment using a model of motorized adhesive tandem particles. Focusing on the motility and geometry of an exemplary motile bacterium Azospirillum brasilense, which is capable of transient cell-cell association (clumping), we constructed a physical model with proper parameters for the computer simulation of the clumping dynamics. By modulating mechanical interaction ('stickiness') between cells and swimming speed, we investigated how equilibrium and active features affect the clumping dynamics. We found that the modulation of active motion is required for the initial aggregation of cells to occur at a realistic time scale. Slowing down the rotation of flagellar motors (and thus swimming speeds) is correlated to the degree of clumping, which is consistent with the experimental results obtained for A. brasilense. C1 [Qi, Xianghong; Nellas, Ricky B.; Byrn, Matthew W.; Russell, Matthew H.; Bible, Amber N.; Alexandre, Gladys; Shen, Tongye] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Qi, Xianghong; Nellas, Ricky B.; Shen, Tongye] Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Biophys Mol, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Qi, XH (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM tshen@utk.edu RI Shen, Tongye/A-9718-2008; Qi, Xianghong/G-8374-2011; OI Shen, Tongye/0000-0003-1495-3104; Alexandre, Gladys/0000-0002-9238-4640 FU NSF [MCB-0919819] FX We thank Dr D Hamelberg for valuable discussions. Computational support was provided in part by the computer cluster at UT-ORNL Center for Molecular Biophysics. This work was supported in part by NSF (MCB-0919819) to GA. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 31 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1478-3967 EI 1478-3975 J9 PHYS BIOL JI Phys. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 10 IS 2 AR 026005 DI 10.1088/1478-3975/10/2/026005 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 119NE UT WOS:000317103500011 PM 23416991 ER PT J AU Vanevic, M Radovic, Z Kogan, VG AF Vanevic, Mihajlo Radovic, Zoran Kogan, Vladimir G. TI Early stages of magnetization relaxation in superconductors SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; COLLECTIVE FLUX-CREEP; MOTION; VORTICES AB Magnetic flux dynamics in type-II superconductors is studied within the model of a viscous nonlinear diffusion of vortices for various sample geometries. We find that time dependence of magnetic moment relaxation after the field is switched off can be accurately approximated by m(t) proportional to 1 - root t/(tau) over tilde in the narrow initial time interval and by m(t) proportional to (1 + t/tau)(-1) at later times before the flux creep sets in. The characteristic times (tau) over tilde and tau are proportional to the viscous drag coefficient.. Quantitative agreement with available experimental data is obtained for both conventional and high-temperature superconductors with eta exceeding by many orders of magnitude the Bardeen-Stephen coefficient for free vortices. Huge enhancement of the drag, as well as its exponential temperature dependence, indicates a strong influence of pinning centers on the flux diffusion. Notwithstanding the complexity of the vortex motion in the presence of pinning and thermal agitation, we argue that the initial relaxation of magnetization can still be considered as a viscous flux flow with an effective drag coefficient. DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.87.144501 C1 [Vanevic, Mihajlo; Radovic, Zoran] Univ Belgrade, Dept Phys, Belgrade 11158, Serbia. [Kogan, Vladimir G.] US DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Vanevic, M (reprint author), Univ Belgrade, Dept Phys, Studentski Trg 12, Belgrade 11158, Serbia. FU Serbian Ministry of Science [171027]; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; DFG [SFB 767] FX This research was supported by the Serbian Ministry of Science, Project No. 171027. Work by V. K. at the Ames Laboratory is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. M. V. acknowledges support by the DFG through SFB 767 and the hospitality of the Quantum Transport Group, Universitat Konstanz, Germany, where part of this work was done. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 14 AR 144501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.144501 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 118AJ UT WOS:000316994500002 ER PT J AU Yang, F Mitra, P Zhang, L Prak, L Verhertbruggen, Y Kim, JS Sun, L Zheng, KJ Tang, KX Auer, M Scheller, HV Loque, D AF Yang, Fan Mitra, Prajakta Zhang, Ling Prak, Lina Verhertbruggen, Yves Kim, Jin-Sun Sun, Lan Zheng, Kejian Tang, Kexuan Auer, Manfred Scheller, Henrik V. Loque, Dominique TI Engineering secondary cell wall deposition in plants SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE artificial positive feedback loop; biofuels; cell wall; lignin; saccharification; synthetic biology ID CARBOHYDRATE-BINDING MODULES; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; LEAF SENESCENCE; DOWN-REGULATION; SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; PHENYLPROPANOID METABOLISM; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; VASCULAR INTEGRITY; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION AB Lignocellulosic biomass was used for thousands of years as animal feed and is now considered a great sugar source for biofuels production. It is composed mostly of secondary cell walls built with polysaccharide polymers that are embedded in lignin to reinforce the cell wall structure and maintain its integrity. Lignin is the primary material responsible for biomass recalcitrance to enzymatic hydrolysis. During plant development, deep reductions of lignin cause growth defects and often correlate with the loss of vessel integrity that adversely affects water and nutrient transport in plants. The work presented here describes a new approach to decrease lignin content while preventing vessel collapse and introduces a new strategy to boost transcription factor expression in native tissues. We used synthetic biology tools in Arabidopsis to rewire the secondary cell network by changing promoter-coding sequence associations. The result was a reduction in lignin and an increase in polysaccharide depositions in fibre cells. The promoter of a key lignin gene, C4H, was replaced by the vessel-specific promoter of transcription factor VND6. This rewired lignin biosynthesis specifically for vessel formation while disconnecting C4H expression from the fibre regulatory network. Secondly, the promoter of the IRX8 gene, secondary cell wall glycosyltransferase, was used to express a new copy of the fibre transcription factor NST1, and as the IRX8 promoter is induced by NST1, this also created an artificial positive feedback loop (APFL). The combination of strategieslignin rewiring with APFL insertionenhances polysaccharide deposition in stems without over-lignifying them, resulting in higher sugar yields after enzymatic hydrolysis. C1 [Yang, Fan; Mitra, Prajakta; Zhang, Ling; Prak, Lina; Verhertbruggen, Yves; Kim, Jin-Sun; Sun, Lan; Zheng, Kejian; Auer, Manfred; Scheller, Henrik V.; Loque, Dominique] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhang, Ling; Tang, Kexuan] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, FSN Plant Biotechnol R&D Ctr, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. RP Loque, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Phys Biosci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dloque@lbl.gov RI Sun, Lan/C-7321-2012; Tang, Kexuan/E-3555-2013; Yang, Fan/I-4438-2015; Loque, Dominique/A-8153-2008; OI Verhertbruggen, Yves/0000-0003-4114-5428; Scheller, Henrik/0000-0002-6702-3560 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We are thankful to Sabin Russell for language editing of the manuscript, to Clint Chapple and Lise Jouanin for providing us the Arabidopsis lignin mutants and to Parul Tomar for supporting the generation the complemented cad lines. D. L. and H. V. S have a patent application related to this work. This work was part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 70 TC 77 Z9 81 U1 12 U2 127 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1467-7644 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 11 IS 3 BP 325 EP 335 DI 10.1111/pbi.12016 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 115PW UT WOS:000316825400006 PM 23140549 ER PT J AU Meier, D van de Beld, B Bridgwater, AV Elliott, DC Oasmaa, A Preto, F AF Meier, Dietrich van de Beld, Bert Bridgwater, Anthony V. Elliott, Douglas C. Oasmaa, Anja Preto, Fernando TI State-of-the-art of fast pyrolysis in IEA bioenergy member countries SO RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE Fast pyrolysis; State-of-the-art; IEA; Bioenergy ID THERMAL-DEGRADATION PRODUCTS; BIOMASS FAST PYROLYSIS; POLYSACCHARIDE DERIVED PRODUCTS; BUBBLING FLUIDIZED-BEDS; STABILIZED SWIRL BURNER; MALLEE WOODY BIOMASS; LIQUID-ETHANOL BLEND; BIO-OIL PRODUCTION; EI MASS-SPECTRA; FORESTRY RESIDUE AB Fast pyrolysis of biomass is becoming increasingly important in some member countries of the International Energy Agency (IEA). Six countries have joined the IEA Task 34 of the Bioenergy Activity: Canada, Finland, Germany, Netherlands, UK, and USA. The National Task Leaders give an overview of the current activities in their countries both on research, pilot and demonstration level. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Meier, Dietrich] Thunen Inst Wood Res, D-21031 Hamburg, Germany. [van de Beld, Bert] BTG Biomass Technol Grp Bv, NL-7545 PN Enschede, Netherlands. [Bridgwater, Anthony V.] Aston Univ, Bioenergy Res Grp, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, England. [Elliott, Douglas C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Oasmaa, Anja] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, FIN-02044 Espoo, Finland. [Preto, Fernando] Nat Resources Canada, Bioenergy Syst, CanmetENERGY, Ottawa, ON K1A 1M1, Canada. RP Meier, D (reprint author), Thunen Inst Wood Res, D-21031 Hamburg, Germany. EM dietrich.meier@ti.bund.de OI Bridgwater, Tony/0000-0001-7362-6205 NR 153 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 10 U2 113 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1364-0321 J9 RENEW SUST ENERG REV JI Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. PD APR PY 2013 VL 20 BP 619 EP 641 DI 10.1016/j.rser.2012.11.061 PG 23 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels GA 115QZ UT WOS:000316828300050 ER PT J AU Morris, CL King, NSP Kwiatkowski, K Mariam, FG Merrill, FE Saunders, A AF Morris, C. L. King, N. S. P. Kwiatkowski, K. Mariam, F. G. Merrill, F. E. Saunders, A. TI Charged particle radiography SO REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID COSMIC-RAY MUONS; NUCLEAR-SCATTERING RADIOGRAPHY; MULTIPLE COULOMB SCATTERING; MEV PROTON RADIOGRAPHY; INTERNAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTRON RADIOGRAPHY; IMAGING DETECTOR; DETECTION SYSTEM; X-RAY; ACCELERATOR AB New applications of charged particle radiography have been developed over the past two decades that extend the range of radiographic techniques providing high-speed sequences of radiographs of thicker objects with higher effective dose than can be obtained with conventional radiographic techniques. In this paper, we review the motivation and the development of flash radiography and in particular, charged particle radiography. C1 [Morris, C. L.; King, N. S. P.; Kwiatkowski, K.; Mariam, F. G.; Merrill, F. E.; Saunders, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Morris, CL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. OI Morris, Christopher/0000-0003-2141-0255; Merrill, Frank/0000-0003-0603-735X FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. The authors would like to thank Karen Kippen for her careful reading and editing of the manuscript. NR 129 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 31 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0034-4885 EI 1361-6633 J9 REP PROG PHYS JI Rep. Prog. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 76 IS 4 AR 046301 DI 10.1088/0034-4885/76/4/046301 PG 26 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 118NS UT WOS:000317032800004 PM 23481477 ER PT J AU Yang, W Gludovatz, B Zimmermann, EA Bale, HA Ritchie, RO Meyers, MA AF Yang, Wen Gludovatz, Bernd Zimmermann, Elizabeth A. Bale, Hrishikesh A. Ritchie, Robert O. Meyers, Marc A. TI Structure and fracture resistance of alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula) armored fish scales SO ACTA BIOMATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Scale; Flexible armor; Structure; Fracture resistance; Fracture mechanism ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LAMINATE STRUCTURE; ARAPAIMA-GIGAS; NANOINDENTATION; DESIGN; DENTIN AB The alligator gar is a large fish with flexible armor consisting of ganoid scales. These scales contain a thin layer of ganoine (microhardness similar to 2.5 GPa) and a bony body (microhardness 400 MPa), with jagged edges that provide effective protection against predators. We describe here the structure of both ganoine and bony foundation and characterize the mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms. The bony foundation is characterized by two components: a mineralized matrix and parallel arrays of tubules, most of which contain collagen fibers. The spacing of the empty tubules is similar to 60 mu m; the spacing of those filled with collagen fibers is similar to 7 mu m. Using micromechanical testing of such scales in a variable-pressure scanning electron microscope, we identify interactions between propagating cracks and the microstructure, and show that the toughness of the scales increases with crack extension in a classical resistance-curve response from the activation of extrinsic toughening mechanisms. We demonstrate how mechanical damage evolves in these structures, and further identify that the reinforcement of the mineral by the network of collagen fibers is the principal toughening mechanism resisting such damage. Additionally, we define the anisotropy of the toughness of the scales and relate this to the collagen fiber orientation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Yang, Wen; Meyers, Marc A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Mat Sci & Engn Program, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Gludovatz, Bernd; Zimmermann, Elizabeth A.; Ritchie, Robert O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bale, Hrishikesh A.; Ritchie, Robert O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Meyers, Marc A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Meyers, Marc A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept NanoEngn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Ritchie, RO (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM RORitchie@lbl.gov RI Ritchie, Robert/A-8066-2008; Yang, Wen/H-8628-2013; YANG, Wen/E-1449-2015; Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016; OI Ritchie, Robert/0000-0002-0501-6998; Yang, Wen/0000-0002-1817-4194; YANG, Wen/0000-0002-1817-4194; Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396; Zimmermann, Elizabeth/0000-0001-9927-3372; Gludovatz, Bernd/0000-0002-2420-3879 FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1006931]; UC Lab Research Program [09-LR-06-118456-MEYM]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, Ceramics Program Grant (DMR-1006931) and UC Lab Research Program (09-LR-06-118456-MEYM). The involvement of ROR was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We also acknowledge the use of beamline 8.3.3 at the Advanced Light Source at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is also supported under the same Department of Energy contract. We thank Vincent Sherman (UC, San Diego) and Jianan Li (Shanghai JiaoTong University) for participating in the preparation of the tension samples. Our special gratitude is due to Dianne Ulery (http://www.ccss.us/index.html) for taking an interest in our work and generously sending us the alligator gar scales that made this research possible. NR 28 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 5 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-7061 J9 ACTA BIOMATER JI Acta Biomater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 BP 5876 EP 5889 DI 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.12.026 PG 14 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 111MZ UT WOS:000316526700002 PM 23274521 ER PT J AU Economou, NJ Zentner, IJ Lazo, E Jakoncic, J Stojanoff, V Weeks, SD Grasty, KC Cocklin, S Loll, PJ AF Economou, Nicoleta J. Zentner, Isaac J. Lazo, Edwin Jakoncic, Jean Stojanoff, Vivian Weeks, Stephen D. Grasty, Kimberly C. Cocklin, Simon Loll, Patrick J. TI Structure of the complex between teicoplanin and a bacterial cell-wall peptide: use of a carrier-protein approach SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE antibiotics; carrier proteins; glycopeptides; teicoplanin; radiation damage ID VANCOMYCIN GROUP ANTIBIOTICS; MALTOSE-BINDING PROTEIN; GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA; GLYCOPEPTIDE ANTIBIOTICS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RADIATION-DAMAGE; MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; PEPTIDOGLYCAN PRECURSOR; MUCOPEPTIDE PRECURSORS; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION AB Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections are commonly treated with glycopeptide antibiotics such as teicoplanin. This drug inhibits bacterial cell-wall biosynthesis by binding and sequestering a cell-wall precursor: a D-alanine-containing peptide. A carrier-protein strategy was used to crystallize the complex of teicoplanin and its target peptide by fusing the cell-wall peptide to either MBP or ubiquitin via native chemical ligation and subsequently crystallizing the proteinpeptideantibiotic complex. The 2.05 angstrom resolution MBPpeptideteicoplanin structure shows that teicoplanin recognizes its ligand through a combination of five hydrogen bonds and multiple van der Waals interactions. Comparison of this teicoplanin structure with that of unliganded teicoplanin reveals a flexibility in the antibiotic peptide backbone that has significant implications for ligand recognition. Diffraction experiments revealed an X-ray-induced dechlorination of the sixth amino acid of the antibiotic; it is shown that teicoplanin is significantly more radiation-sensitive than other similar antibiotics and that ligand binding increases radiosensitivity. Insights derived from this new teicoplanin structure may contribute to the development of next-generation antibacterials designed to overcome bacterial resistance. C1 [Economou, Nicoleta J.; Zentner, Isaac J.; Weeks, Stephen D.; Grasty, Kimberly C.; Cocklin, Simon; Loll, Patrick J.] Drexel Univ, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. [Lazo, Edwin; Jakoncic, Jean; Stojanoff, Vivian] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Economou, NJ (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Coll Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 245 North 15th St, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. OI Weeks, Stephen/0000-0002-1360-0852 FU NIH/NIGMS [R01GM079508]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy; National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health FX We gratefully acknowledge the Cold Spring Harbor course 'X-ray Methods in Structural Biology'. This research was supported by grant R01GM079508 (NIH/NIGMS). Diffraction data were collected on beamline NE-CAT 24-IDE of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory and beamlines X6A and X25 of the National Synchrotron Light Source. Financial support for the NSLS beamlines comes principally from the Offices of Biological and Environmental Research and of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy and from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health. NR 69 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 69 BP 520 EP 533 DI 10.1107/S0907444912050469 PN 4 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 114LR UT WOS:000316743300004 PM 23519660 ER PT J AU Alahuhta, M Brunecky, R Chandrayan, P Kataeva, I Adams, MWW Himmel, ME Lunin, VV AF Alahuhta, Markus Brunecky, Roman Chandrayan, Puja Kataeva, Irina Adams, Michael W. W. Himmel, Michael E. Lunin, Vladimir V. TI The structure and mode of action of Caldicellulosiruptor bescii family 3 pectate lyase in biomass deconstruction SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE pectate lyases; PL3; Caldicellulosiruptor bescii; catalytic mechanism; -elimination; biomass deconstruction ID CATALYZED PROTON ABSTRACTION; CARBON ACIDS; ANAEROCELLUM-THERMOPHILUM; PLANT BIOMASS; REFINEMENT; MECHANISMS; ENOLASE AB The unique active site of the Caldicellulosiruptor bescii family 3 pectate lyase catalytic module (PL3-cat) has been structurally described and synergistic digestion studies with C.bescii cellulase A have been performed on unpretreated biomass. The X-ray structure of PL3-cat was determined at 1.6 angstrom resolution (PDB entry 4ew9) in complex with the products of trigalacturonic acid. Comparison with family 1 pectate lyase (PL1) structures shows that the active site of the PL3 catalytic module is considerably different. However, on superimposing the identical sugar rings at the2 subsites conserved interactions could be identified. Interestingly, only one catalytic residue, the lysine that donates the proton to the carboxylate group in the -elimination reaction of PL1 (Lys108 in PL3-cat), is conserved in PL3 and there is no arginine to abstract the proton from the C5 carbon of the galactouronate ring. This suggests that the reaction mechanism of PL3 requires different catalytic residues. Most interestingly, comparison with other proton-abstraction reactions reveals that in PL3 the -proton is abstracted by a lysine, in a striking similarity to enolases. These observations led us to propose that in PL3-cat Lys108 is the catalytic base, Glu84 is the catalytic acid and an acidified water molecule completes the anti-elimination reaction by protonating the O4 atom of the substrate. Also, our digestion experiments with unpretreated switchgrass show that the loadings of C. bescii cellobiohydrolase A (CelA) can be lowered by the addition of PL3 to the reaction mixture. This result suggests that PL3 can significantly improve the deconstruction of unpretreated biomass by allowing other enzymes to better access their preferred substrates. C1 [Alahuhta, Markus; Brunecky, Roman; Himmel, Michael E.; Lunin, Vladimir V.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Chandrayan, Puja; Kataeva, Irina; Adams, Michael W. W.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Lunin, VV (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM vladimir.lunin@nrel.gov FU US DOE Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, Bioenergy Research Center (BioEnergy Science Center, BESC) FX This work was funded by the US DOE Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program, Bioenergy Research Center (BioEnergy Science Center, BESC) managed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 69 BP 534 EP 539 DI 10.1107/S0907444912050512 PN 4 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 114LR UT WOS:000316743300005 PM 23519661 ER PT J AU Stroud, JC AF Stroud, James C. TI The zipper groups of the amyloid state of proteins SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE amyloid spine; steric zippers; zipper groups; symmetry; group theory; amyloid fibers ID BETA; FIBRILS; OLIGOMERS; GRANULES AB Fibrous proteins in the amyloid state are found both associated with numerous diseases and in the normal functions of cells. Amyloid fibers contain a repetitive spine, commonly built from a pair of -sheets whose -strands run perpendicular to the fiber direction and whose side chains interdigitate, much like the teeth of a zipper. In fiber spines known as homosteric zippers, identical protein segments sharing identical packing environments make the two -sheets. In previous work based on atomic resolution crystal structures of homosteric zippers derived from a dozen proteins, the symmetries of homosteric zippers were categorized into eight classes. Here, it is shown through a formal derivation that each homosteric zipper class corresponds to a unique set of symmetry groups termed `zipper groups'. Furthermore, the eight previously identified classes do not account for all of the 15 possible zipper groups, which may be categorized into the complete set of ten classes. Because of their foundations in group theory, the 15 zipper groups provide a mathematically rigorous classification for homosteric zippers. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Howard Hughes Med Inst, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Stroud, JC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Howard Hughes Med Inst, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Box 951570, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM jstroud@mbi.ucla.edu RI Stroud, James/B-3230-2012 OI Stroud, James/0000-0003-0850-4812 FU National Institutes of Health [AG 029430, FGM077789A]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute FX The author thanks Dr David Eisenberg for extensive suggestions to improve the manuscript and Drs Lukasz Salwinski and Michael Sawaya for discussions. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants AG 029430 and FGM077789A, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 69 BP 540 EP 545 DI 10.1107/S0907444912050548 PN 4 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 114LR UT WOS:000316743300006 PM 23519662 ER PT J AU Afonine, PV Grosse-Kunstleve, RW Adams, PD Urzhumtsev, A AF Afonine, P. V. Grosse-Kunstleve, R. W. Adams, P. D. Urzhumtsev, A. TI Bulk-solvent and overall scaling revisited: faster calculations, improved results SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE bulk solvent; scaling; anisotropy; structure refinement; PHENIX ID PROTEIN DATA-BANK; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; REFINEMENT; DIFFRACTION; MODEL; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; PARAMETERS; RESOLUTION; SYSTEM AB A fast and robust method for determining the parameters for a flat (mask-based) bulk-solvent model and overall scaling in macromolecular crystallographic structure refinement and other related calculations is described. This method uses analytical expressions for the determination of optimal values for various scale factors. The new approach was tested using nearly all entries in the PDB for which experimental structure factors are available. In general, the resulting R factors are improved compared with previously implemented approaches. In addition, the new procedure is two orders of magnitude faster, which has a significant impact on the overall runtime of refinement and other applications. An alternative function is also proposed for scaling the bulk-solvent model and it is shown that it outperforms the conventional exponential function. Similarly, alternative methods are presented for anisotropic scaling and their performance is analyzed. All methods are implemented in the Computational Crystallography Toolbox (cctbx) and are used in PHENIX programs. C1 [Afonine, P. V.; Grosse-Kunstleve, R. W.; Adams, P. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Adams, P. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Urzhumtsev, A.] UdS, INSERM, CNRS, IGBMC, F-67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France. [Urzhumtsev, A.] Univ Lorraine, Dept Phys Nancy 1, Fac Sci & Technol, F-54506 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. RP Afonine, PV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS64R0121, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pafonine@lbl.gov RI Adams, Paul/A-1977-2013 OI Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219 FU NIH [GM063210]; PHENIX Industrial Consortium; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors thank the NIH (grant GM063210) and the PHENIX Industrial Consortium for support of the PHENIX project. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 69 BP 625 EP 634 DI 10.1107/S0907444913000462 PN 4 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA 114LR UT WOS:000316743300015 PM 23519671 ER PT J AU Ortega, JM Hartman, J Rodriguez, JN Maitland, DJ AF Ortega, J. M. Hartman, J. Rodriguez, J. N. Maitland, D. J. TI Virtual Treatment of Basilar Aneurysms Using Shape Memory Polymer Foam SO ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Aneurysm; Shape memory polymer foam; Computational fluid dynamics; Post-treatment hemodynamics ID LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD; NEWTONIAN BLOOD-FLOW; INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSMS; CEREBRAL ANEURYSMS; COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATION; PLATELET DEPOSITION; UNSTRUCTURED MESHES; SACCULAR ANEURYSMS; IN-VITRO; MODEL AB Numerical simulations are performed on patient-specific basilar aneurysms that are treated with shape memory polymer (SMP) foam. In order to assess the post-treatment hemodynamics, two modeling approaches are employed. In the first, the foam geometry is obtained from a micro-CT scan and the pulsatile blood flow within the foam is simulated for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian viscosity models. In the second, the foam is represented as a porous media continuum, which has permeability properties that are determined by computing the pressure gradient through the foam geometry over a range of flow speeds comparable to those of in vivo conditions. Virtual angiography and additional post-processing demonstrate that the SMP foam significantly reduces the blood flow speed within the treated aneurysms, while eliminating the high-frequency velocity fluctuations that are present within the pre-treatment aneurysms. An estimation of the initial locations of thrombus formation throughout the SMP foam is obtained by means of a low fidelity thrombosis model that is based upon the residence time and shear rate of blood. The Newtonian viscosity model and the porous media model capture similar qualitative trends, though both yield a smaller volume of thrombus within the SMP foam. C1 [Ortega, J. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Engn Technol Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Hartman, J.] Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Sacramento, CA USA. [Rodriguez, J. N.; Maitland, D. J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, College Stn, TX USA. RP Ortega, JM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Engn Technol Div, POB 808,L-090, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM ortega17@llnl.gov FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering [R01EB00 0462]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA 27344]; [LLNL-JRNL-564718] FX The authors thank R. Cook, W. Small, and T. Wilson of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for their assistance in this study. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering Grant R01EB00 0462 and partially performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA 27344. LLNL-JRNL-564718. NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-6964 J9 ANN BIOMED ENG JI Ann. Biomed. Eng. PD APR PY 2013 VL 41 IS 4 BP 725 EP 743 DI 10.1007/s10439-012-0719-9 PG 19 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 112BK UT WOS:000316566400006 PM 23329002 ER PT J AU Lu, JR Struewing, I Buse, HY Kou, JH Shuman, HA Faucher, SP Ashbolt, NJ AF Lu, Jingrang Struewing, Ian Buse, Helen Y. Kou, Jiahui Shuman, Howard A. Faucher, Sebastien P. Ashbolt, Nicholas J. TI Legionella pneumophila Transcriptional Response following Exposure to CuO Nanoparticles SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COPPER-OXIDE NANOPARTICLES; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; METAL-IONS; VIRULENCE; SILVER; WATER; INACTIVATION; PATHOGENESIS AB Copper ions are an effective antimicrobial agent used to control Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever arising from institutional drinking water systems. Here, we present data on an alternative bactericidal agent, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs), and its efficacy on Legionella pneumophila. In broth cultures, the CuO-NPs caused growth inhibition, which appeared to be concentration and exposure time dependent. The transcriptomic response of L. pneumophila to CuO-NP exposure was investigated by using a whole-genome microarray. The expression of genes involved in metabolism, transcription, translation, DNA replication and repair, and unknown/hypothetical proteins was significantly affected by exposure to CuO-NPs. In addition, expression of 21 virulence genes was also affected by exposure to CuO-NP and further evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Some virulence gene responses occurred immediately and transiently after addition of CuO-NPs to the cells and faded rapidly (icmV, icmW, lepA), while expression of other genes increased within 6 h (ceg29, legLC8, legP, lem19, lem24, lpg1689, and rtxA), 12 h (cegC1, dotA, enhC, htpX, icmE, pvcA, and sidF), and 24 h (legP, lem19, and ceg19), but for most of the genes tested, expression was reduced after 24 h of exposure. Genes like ceg29 and rtxA appeared to be the most responsive to CuO-NP exposures and along with other genes identified in this study may prove useful to monitor and manage the impact of drinking water disinfection on L. pneumophila. C1 [Lu, Jingrang; Ashbolt, Nicholas J.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Struewing, Ian; Buse, Helen Y.] Dynamac Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Shuman, Howard A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Microbiol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Faucher, Sebastien P.] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Kou, Jiahui] US EPA, ORISE, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. RP Lu, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM lu.jingrang@epa.gov FU Pathfinder Innovation Project; Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA); NSERC [RGPIN-418289-12]; [AI 064481] FX This research was supported by the Pathfinder Innovation Project, funded by the Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), a NSERC Discovery Grant, RGPIN-418289-12, and award AI 064481 to Sebastien P. Faucher for the array. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 41 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 IS 8 BP 2713 EP 2720 DI 10.1128/AEM.03462-12 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 117LZ UT WOS:000316956200026 PM 23416998 ER PT J AU Yoon, S Sanford, RA Loffler, FE AF Yoon, Sukhwan Sanford, Robert A. Loeffler, Frank E. TI Shewanella spp. Use Acetate as an Electron Donor for Denitrification but Not Ferric Iron or Fumarate Reduction SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CITRIC-ACID CYCLE; ONEIDENSIS MR-1; SP-NOV.; GEOBACTER-SULFURREDUCENS; METABOLISM; OXIDATION; BACTERIA; INHIBITION; REVEALS; GROWTH AB Lactate but not acetate oxidation was reported to support electron acceptor reduction by Shewanella spp. under anoxic conditions. We demonstrate that the denitrifiers Shewanella loihica strain PV-4 and Shewanella denitrificans OS217 utilize acetate as an electron donor for denitrification but not for fumarate or ferric iron reduction. C1 [Yoon, Sukhwan; Loeffler, Frank E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Loeffler, Frank E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN USA. [Sanford, Robert A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Loeffler, Frank E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Loffler, FE (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM frank.loeffler@utk.edu RI Loeffler, Frank/M-8216-2013; Yoon, Sukhwan/I-1605-2014; Yoon, Sukhwan/E-2503-2017 OI Yoon, Sukhwan/0000-0002-9933-7054 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-SC0006662] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Genomic Science Program, award DE-SC0006662. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 37 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 IS 8 BP 2818 EP 2822 DI 10.1128/AEM.03872-12 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 117LZ UT WOS:000316956200038 PM 23396327 ER PT J AU Chapman, EC Capo, RC Stewart, BW Hedin, RS Weaver, TJ Edenborn, HM AF Chapman, Elizabeth C. Capo, Rosemary C. Stewart, Brian W. Hedin, Robert S. Weaver, Theodore J. Edenborn, Harry M. TI Strontium isotope quantification of siderite, brine and acid mine drainage contributions to abandoned gas well discharges in the Appalachian Plateau SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SR ISOTOPE; COAL-MINE; ORIGIN; EVOLUTION; BASIN; PENNSYLVANIA; HYDROGEN; TRACERS; VEINS; USA AB Unplugged abandoned oil and gas wells in the Appalachian region can serve as conduits for the movement of waters impacted by fossil fuel extraction. Strontium isotope and geochemical analysis indicate that artesian discharges of water with high total dissolved solids (TDS) from a series of gas wells in western Pennsylvania result from the infiltration of acidic, low Fe (Fe < 10 mg/L) coal mine drainage (AMD) into shallow, siderite (iron carbonate)-cemented sandstone aquifers. The acidity from the AMD promotes dissolution of the carbonate, and metal- and sulfate-contaminated waters rise to the surface through compromised abandoned gas well casings. Strontium isotope mixing models suggest that neither upward migration of oil and gas brines from Devonian reservoirs associated with the wells nor dissolution of abundant nodular siderite present in the mine spoil through which recharge water percolates contribute significantly to the artesian gas well discharges. Natural Sr isotope composition can be a sensitive tool in the characterization of complex groundwater interactions and can be used to distinguish between inputs from deep and shallow contamination sources, as well as between groundwater and mineralogically similar but stratigraphically distinct rock units. This is of particular relevance to regions such as the Appalachian Basin, where a legacy of coal, oil and gas exploration is coupled with ongoing and future natural gas drilling into deep reservoirs. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chapman, Elizabeth C.; Capo, Rosemary C.; Stewart, Brian W.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Hedin, Robert S.; Weaver, Theodore J.] Hedin Environm, Pittsburgh, PA 15228 USA. [Edenborn, Harry M.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Capo, RC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM rcapo@pitt.edu FU DOE-Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Faculty Research Program; National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research under the RES [DE-FE0004000] FX We thank Art Rose and Thomas Anderson for comments on an earlier version of this manuscript, and Ron Nick and Ben Ochs for access to wells and information about local geology. The paper was substantially improved by the thoughtful comments of Associate Editor R. R. Seal and two anonymous reviewers. This work was partially supported by the DOE-Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Faculty Research Program (RCC and BWS) and the National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research under the RES Contract DE-FE0004000 (RCC and BWS). NR 53 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 46 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 31 BP 109 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.12.011 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 113II UT WOS:000316659500010 ER PT J AU Yun, EJ Lee, S Kim, JH Kim, BB Kim, HT Lee, SH Pelton, JG Kang, NJ Choi, IG Kim, KH AF Yun, Eun Ju Lee, Saeyoung Kim, Ji Hye Kim, Bo Bae Kim, Hee Taek Lee, Sun Hee Pelton, Jeffrey G. Kang, Nam Joo Choi, In-Geol Kim, Kyoung Heon TI Enzymatic production of 3,6-anhydro galactose from agarose and its purification and in vitro skin whitening and anti-inflammatory activities SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 3,6-Anhydro-L-galactose; Agar; Red macroalgae; Skin whitening; Anti-inflammation ID SACCHAROPHAGUS-DEGRADANS 2-40; NEOAGAROBIOSE HYDROLASE; DEPIGMENTING ACTION; ACID-HYDROLYSIS; RED ALGAE; ALPHA; AGARASE; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; 1,5-ANHYDRO-D-FRUCTOSE; POLYSACCHARIDES AB 3,6-Anhydro-l-galactose (L-AHG) constitutes 50 % of agarose, which is the main component of red macroalgae. No information is currently available on the mass production, metabolic fate, or physiological effects of L-AHG. Here, agarose was converted to L-AHG in the following three steps: pre-hydrolysis of agarose into agaro-oligosaccharides by using acetic acid, hydrolysis of the agaro-oligosaccharides into neoagarobiose by an exo-agarase, and hydrolysis of neoagarobiose into L-AHG and galactose by a neoagarobiose hydrolase. After these three steps, L-AHG was purified by adsorption and gel permeation chromatographies. The final product obtained was 95.6 % pure L-AHG at a final yield of 4.0 % based on the initial agarose. In a cell proliferation assay, L-AHG at a concentration of 100 or 200 mu g/ mL did not exhibit any significant cytotoxicity. In a skin whitening assay, 100 mu g/ mL of L-AHG showed significantly lower melanin production compared to arbutin. L-AHG at 100 and 200 mu g/ mL showed strong anti-inflammatory activity, indicating the significant suppression of nitrite production. This is the first report on the production of high-purity L-AHG and its physiological activities. C1 [Yun, Eun Ju; Kim, Hee Taek; Lee, Sun Hee; Kim, Kyoung Heon] Korea Univ, Sch Life Sci & Biotechnol, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [Lee, Saeyoung; Choi, In-Geol] Korea Univ, Div Biotechnol, Coll Life Sci & Biotechnol, Seoul 136713, South Korea. [Kim, Ji Hye; Kim, Bo Bae; Kang, Nam Joo] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Appl Biosci, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Pelton, Jeffrey G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kim, Ji Hye; Kim, Bo Bae; Kang, Nam Joo] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Food Sci & Biotechnol, Taegu 702701, South Korea. RP Kim, KH (reprint author), Korea Univ, Sch Life Sci & Biotechnol, Seoul 136713, South Korea. EM njkang@knu.ac.kr; igchoi@korea.ac.kr; khekim@korea.ac.kr RI Kim, Kyoung Heon/F-1059-2013; Choi, In-Geol/F-3152-2013 OI Kim, Kyoung Heon/0000-0003-4600-8668; FU National Research Foundation (NRF) [2011-0015629]; Korean Government (MEST); Korea University Grant FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation (NRF) Grant (2011-0015629) funded by the Korean Government (MEST) and the Korea University Grant. Facility support at Korea University Food Safety Hall for the Institute of Biomedical Science and Food Safety is also acknowledged. NR 36 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 7 U2 63 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 97 IS 7 BP 2961 EP 2970 DI 10.1007/s00253-012-4184-z PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 110XV UT WOS:000316481800018 PM 22678025 ER PT J AU Shet, S Yan, YF Ravindra, N Turner, J Al-Jassim, M AF Shet, Sudhakar Yan, Yanfa Ravindra, Nuggehalli Turner, John Al-Jassim, Mowafak TI Photoelectrochemical behavior of mixed ZnO and GaN (ZnO:GaN) thin films prepared by sputtering technique SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bandgap; Sputter; Ambient; Photoelectrochemical; ZnO; GaN ID BAND-GAP; SUBSTRATE-TEMPERATURE; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; ZNO(AL,N) FILMS; DOPED ZNO; WATER; PHOTOCATALYSIS; CELLS; HYDROGEN; ENERGY AB Mixed zinc oxide and gallium nitride (ZnO:GaN) thin films with significantly reduced bandgaps were synthesized by using zinc oxide and gallium nitride target at 100 degrees C followed by post-deposition annealing at 500 degrees C in ammonia for 4 h. All the films were synthesized by RF magnetron sputtering on Fluorine-doped tin oxide-coated glass. We found that mixed zinc oxide and gallium nitride (ZnO:GaN) thin films exhibited significantly reduced bandgap, as a result showed improved PEC response, compared to ZnO thin film. Furthermore, mixed zinc oxide and gallium nitride (ZnO:GaN) thin films with various bandgaps were realized by varying the O-2 mass flow rate in mixed O-2 and N-2 chamber ambient. (c) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Shet, Sudhakar; Turner, John; Al-Jassim, Mowafak] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Shet, Sudhakar; Ravindra, Nuggehalli] New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Yan, Yanfa] Univ Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Shet, S (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Sudhakar.Shet@nrel.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract # DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 71 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 270 BP 718 EP 721 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.01.134 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 115CO UT WOS:000316790200106 ER PT J AU Hsiao, EY Marion, GH Phillips, MM Burns, CR Winge, C Morrell, N Contreras, C Freedman, WL Kromer, M Gall, EEE Gerardy, CL Hoflich, P Im, M Jeon, Y Kirshner, RP Nugent, PE Persson, SE Pignata, G Roth, M Stanishev, V Stritzinger, M Suntzeff, NB AF Hsiao, E. Y. Marion, G. H. Phillips, M. M. Burns, C. R. Winge, C. Morrell, N. Contreras, C. Freedman, W. L. Kromer, M. Gall, E. E. E. Gerardy, C. L. Hoeflich, P. Im, M. Jeon, Y. Kirshner, R. P. Nugent, P. E. Persson, S. E. Pignata, G. Roth, M. Stanishev, V. Stritzinger, M. Suntzeff, N. B. TI THE EARLIEST NEAR-INFRARED TIME-SERIES SPECTROSCOPY OF A TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; infrared: general; supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (SN 2011fe) ID SN 2011FE; LIGHT-CURVE; OPTICAL-SPECTRA; K-CORRECTIONS; THERMONUCLEAR SUPERNOVAE; DETONATION TRANSITION; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDES; PEAK-LUMINOSITY; HOST GALAXIES; MAXIMUM-LIGHT AB We present ten medium-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio near-infrared (NIR) spectra of SN 2011fe from SpeX on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) and Gemini Near-Infrared Spectrograph (GNIRS) on Gemini North, obtained as part of the Carnegie Supernova Project. This data set constitutes the earliest time-series NIR spectroscopy of a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia), with the first spectrum obtained at 2.58 days past the explosion and covering -14.6 to +17.3 days relative to B-band maximum. CI lambda 1.0693 mu m is detected in SN 2011fe with increasing strength up to maximum light. The delay in the onset of the NIR CI line demonstrates its potential to be an effective tracer of unprocessed material. For the first time in a SN Ia, the early rapid decline of the MgII lambda 1.0927 mu m velocity was observed, and the subsequent velocity is remarkably constant. The MgII velocity during this constant phase locates the inner edge of carbon burning and probes the conditions under which the transition from deflagration to detonation occurs. We show that the MgII velocity does not correlate with the optical light-curve decline rate Delta m(15)(B). The prominent break at similar to 1.5 mu m is the main source of concern for NIR k-correction calculations. We demonstrate here that the feature has a uniform time evolution among SNe Ia, with the flux ratio across the break strongly correlated with Delta m(15)(B). The predictability of the strength and the onset of this feature suggests that the associated k-correction uncertainties can be minimized with improved spectral templates. C1 [Hsiao, E. Y.; Phillips, M. M.; Morrell, N.; Contreras, C.; Roth, M.] Las Campanas Observ, Carnegie Observ, Colina El Pino, Chile. [Marion, G. H.; Kirshner, R. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Burns, C. R.; Freedman, W. L.; Persson, S. E.] Carnegie Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Winge, C.] AURA Inc, Gemini South Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Kromer, M.; Gall, E. E. E.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Gall, E. E. E.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Maths & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Gerardy, C. L.; Hoeflich, P.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Im, M.; Jeon, Y.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Astron Program, CEOU, Seoul, South Korea. [Nugent, P. E.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94611 USA. [Nugent, P. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pignata, G.] Univ Andres Bello, Dept Ciencias Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Stanishev, V.] Inst Super Tecn, CENTRA Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal. [Stritzinger, M.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Suntzeff, N. B.] Texas A&M Univ, Mitchell Inst Fundamental Phys & Astron, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Hsiao, EY (reprint author), Las Campanas Observ, Carnegie Observ, Casilla 601, Colina El Pino, Chile. EM hsiao@lco.cl RI Stanishev, Vallery/M-8930-2013; OI Stanishev, Vallery/0000-0002-7626-1181; Im, Myungshin/0000-0002-8537-6714; stritzinger, maximilian/0000-0002-5571-1833 FU National Science Foundation [AST-1008343]; Danish Agency for Science and Technology; Innovation through a Sapere Aude Level 2 grant; Creative Initiative program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRFK) [2010-0000712]; Millennium Center for Supernova Science [P10-064-F]; Programa Bicentenario de Ciencia y Tecnologia de CONICYT; Programa Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio de MIDEPLAN; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; [GN-2011B-Q-68] FX This paper is based on data obtained with the GeminiObservatory, under the long-term program GN-2011B-Q-68, the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF), the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT), and the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes. The Gemini Observatory is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (Brazil) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina). UKIRT is operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre on behalf of the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the UK. We would like to thank Nancy Levenson for approving our GNIRS observations to be performed outside of the proposed observing period. Most observations were obtained at facilities on MaunaKea. The authors would like to recognize the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has within the indigenous community of Hawaii. We are grateful for our opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain.; This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1008343. M.S. acknowledges the generous support provided by the Danish Agency for Science and Technology and Innovation through a Sapere Aude Level 2 grant. M.I. and Y.J. acknowledge the support from the Creative Initiative program, No. 2010-0000712, of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRFK). G.P. acknowledges support from the Millennium Center for Supernova Science through grant P10-064-F funded by "Programa Bicentenario de Ciencia y Tecnologia de CONICYT" and "Programa Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio de MIDEPLAN."; This research used resources from the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We have also made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 101 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 766 IS 2 AR 72 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/766/2/72 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 108UE UT WOS:000316320900006 ER PT J AU Kim, AG Thomas, RC Aldering, G Antilogus, P Aragon, C Bailey, S Baltay, C Bongard, S Buton, C Canto, A Cellier-Holzem, F Childress, M Chotard, N Copin, Y Fakhouri, HK Gangler, E Guy, J Kerschhaggl, M Kowalski, M Nordin, J Nugent, P Paech, K Pain, R Pecontal, E Pereira, R Perlmutter, S Rabinowitz, D Rigault, M Runge, K Saunders, C Scalzo, R Smadja, G Tao, C Weaver, BA Wu, C AF Kim, A. G. Thomas, R. C. Aldering, G. Antilogus, P. Aragon, C. Bailey, S. Baltay, C. Bongard, S. Buton, C. Canto, A. Cellier-Holzem, F. Childress, M. Chotard, N. Copin, Y. Fakhouri, H. K. Gangler, E. Guy, J. Kerschhaggl, M. Kowalski, M. Nordin, J. Nugent, P. Paech, K. Pain, R. Pecontal, E. Pereira, R. Perlmutter, S. Rabinowitz, D. Rigault, M. Runge, K. Saunders, C. Scalzo, R. Smadja, G. Tao, C. Weaver, B. A. Wu, C. TI STANDARDIZING TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDES USING GAUSSIAN PROCESS DATA REGRESSION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE distance scale; methods: data analysis; supernovae: general ID INTEGRAL-FIELD SPECTROGRAPH; LIGHT-CURVE SHAPES; FACTORY OBSERVATIONS; IMPROVED DISTANCES; HOST GALAXIES; LUMINOSITIES; PROJECT; EXTINCTION; INDICATORS; IMPROVE AB We present a novel class of models for Type Ia supernova time-evolving spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and absolute magnitudes: they are each modeled as stochastic functions described by Gaussian processes. The values of the SED and absolute magnitudes are defined through well-defined regression prescriptions, so that data directly inform the models. As a proof of concept, we implement a model for synthetic photometry built from the spectrophotometric time series from the Nearby Supernova Factory. Absolute magnitudes at peak B brightness are calibrated to 0.13 mag in the g band and to as low as 0.09 mag in the z = 0.25 blueshifted i band, where the dispersion includes contributions from measurement uncertainties and peculiar velocities. The methodology can be applied to spectrophotometric time series of supernovae that span a range of redshifts to simultaneously standardize supernovae together with fitting cosmological parameters. C1 [Kim, A. G.; Aldering, G.; Aragon, C.; Bailey, S.; Childress, M.; Fakhouri, H. K.; Nordin, J.; Perlmutter, S.; Runge, K.; Saunders, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Thomas, R. C.; Nugent, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Antilogus, P.; Bongard, S.; Canto, A.; Cellier-Holzem, F.; Guy, J.; Pain, R.; Wu, C.] Univ Paris 07, Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies,IN2P3, F-75252 Paris 05, France. [Baltay, C.; Rabinowitz, D.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06250 USA. [Buton, C.; Kerschhaggl, M.; Kowalski, M.; Paech, K.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Childress, M.; Fakhouri, H. K.; Perlmutter, S.; Saunders, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chotard, N.; Tao, C.] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Chotard, N.; Wu, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Copin, Y.; Gangler, E.; Pereira, R.; Rigault, M.; Smadja, G.] Univ Lyon, F-69622 Lyon, France. [Copin, Y.; Gangler, E.; Pereira, R.; Rigault, M.; Smadja, G.] Univ Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Copin, Y.; Gangler, E.; Pereira, R.; Rigault, M.; Smadja, G.] Inst Phys Nucl, CNRS, IN2P3, Lyon, France. [Pecontal, E.] Univ Lyon 1, Ctr Rech Astron Lyon, F-69561 St Genis Laval, France. [Scalzo, R.] Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo Observ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Tao, C.] Ctr Phys Particules Marseille, F-13288 Marseille 09, France. [Weaver, B. A.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Kim, AG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Copin, Yannick/B-4928-2015; Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015; OI Copin, Yannick/0000-0002-5317-7518; Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661; Scalzo, Richard/0000-0003-3740-1214 FU Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation; CNRS/IN2P3; CNRS/INSU; DFG [TRR33]; PNC; Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation [ANI-0087344]; University of California, San Diego FX Performance Wireless Radio Network (HPWREN), the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), and the University of Hawaii 2.2 m telescope. We wish to recognize and acknowledge the significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231; by a grant from the Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation; in France by support from CNRS/IN2P3, CNRS/INSU, and PNC; and in Germany by the DFG through TRR33 "The Dark Universe." NERSC is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. HPWREN is funded by National Science Foundation Grant Number ANI-0087344, and the University of California, San Diego. NR 47 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 766 IS 2 AR 84 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/766/2/84 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 108UE UT WOS:000316320900018 ER PT J AU Mobius, E Liu, K Funsten, H Gary, SP Winske, D AF Moebius, E. Liu, K. Funsten, H. Gary, S. P. Winske, D. TI ANALYTIC MODEL OF THE IBEX RIBBON WITH NEUTRAL SOLAR WIND BASED ION PICKUP BEYOND THE HELIOPAUSE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: atoms; ISM: magnetic fields; solar wind; Sun: heliosphere ID INTERSTELLAR-BOUNDARY-EXPLORER; TERMINATION SHOCK; OUTER HELIOSHEATH; COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS; COMETARY ENVIRONMENT; MAGNETIC-FIELD; GAS-FLOW; HELIOSPHERE; INSTABILITIES; MECHANISM AB Energetic neutral atom (ENA) full sky maps obtained with the Interstellar Boundary Explorer revealed a surprising narrow band of increased intensity, the Ribbon, which has been attributed to the ordering effect of the interstellar magnetic field immediately outside the heliosphere. Among models to explain the enhanced ENA Ribbon intensity, Heerikhuisen et al. base theirs on neutral solar wind origin. It reflects the Ribbon angular and energy distribution correctly, but experiences inherent challenges from the long-term stability of the pickup ion (PUI) ring in velocity space, required for the observed ENA fluxes, and from time variations observed after less than one year due to the long integration length. We provide a simplified analytic model of the neutral solar wind, PUI production beyond the heliopause, and subsequent ENA production. We include convection of the PUIs with the interstellar flow toward the heliopause perpendicular to the interstellar magnetic field, thus far not in any model, extinction of the outward propagating neutral solar wind, and of the PUIs and ENAs on their way inward. Based on hybrid simulations of PUI driven instabilities, with injection rates from this model, scattering and isotropization of the PUIs is noticeably weaker than previously thought, yet too fast for ENA production. Assuming a narrow PUI velocity ring, we find a strong concentration of the ENA origin just outside the heliopause and Ribbon intensities comparable with the observations. Conversely, an isotropic PUI distribution produces ENA fluxes factor of ten too low, thus reemphasizing the need of very slow scattering. C1 [Moebius, E.; Liu, K.; Funsten, H.; Gary, S. P.; Winske, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Moebius, E.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Moebius, E.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Liu, K.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Gary, S. P.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO USA. RP Mobius, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RI Funsten, Herbert/A-5702-2015; OI Funsten, Herbert/0000-0002-6817-1039; Moebius, Eberhard/0000-0002-2745-6978 FU IBEX project [NNG05EC85C]; Solar and Heliospheric Physics SRT Grant [NNX09AW32G]; Heliophysics Guest Investigators Program; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); U.S. Department of Energy through LANL's Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) FX This study was supported under the IBEX project Contract NNG05EC85C, Solar and Heliospheric Physics SR&T Grant NNX09AW32G, and Heliophysics Guest Investigators Programs. The Los Alamos portion of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). During this work, E. Mobius enjoyed the stimulating atmosphere and hospitality of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. He gratefully acknowledges the support of the U.S. Department of Energy through LANL's Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program and of the Institute Geophysics and Planetary Physics. The research of K.L. was supported by a mini-grant from the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), entitled "Pickup Ions and Associated Instabilities Upstream of the Termination Shock." NR 39 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 766 IS 2 AR 129 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/766/2/129 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 108UE UT WOS:000316320900063 ER PT J AU Myers, AT Mckee, CF Cunningham, AJ Klein, RI Krumholz, MR AF Myers, Andrew T. Mckee, Christopher F. Cunningham, Andrew J. Klein, Richard I. Krumholz, Mark R. TI THE FRAGMENTATION OF MAGNETIZED, MASSIVE STAR-FORMING CORES WITH RADIATIVE FEEDBACK SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); radiative transfer; stars: formation; stars: luminosity function, mass function; turbulence ID ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT; MOLECULAR CLOUD CORES; SELF-GRAVITATIONAL HYDRODYNAMICS; CLUSTER FORMATION; DENSE CORES; PROTOSTELLAR COLLAPSE; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; ZEEMAN OBSERVATIONS; DRIVEN TURBULENCE; DARK CLOUDS AB We present a set of three-dimensional, radiation-magnetohydrodynamic calculations of the gravitational collapse of massive (300M(circle dot)), star-forming molecular cloud cores. We show that the combined effects of magnetic fields and radiative feedback strongly suppress core fragmentation, leading to the production of single-star systems rather than small clusters. We find that the two processes are efficient at suppressing fragmentation in different regimes, with the feedback most effective in the dense, central region and the magnetic field most effective in more diffuse, outer regions. Thus, the combination of the two is much more effective at suppressing fragmentation than either one considered in isolation. Our work suggests that typical massive cores, which have mass-to-flux ratios of about 2 relative to critical, likely form a single-star system, but that cores with weaker fields may form a small star cluster. This result helps us understand why the observed relationship between the core mass function and the stellar initial mass function holds even for similar to 100MM(circle dot) cores with many thermal Jeans masses of material. We also demonstrate that a similar to 40 AU Keplerian disk is able to form in our simulations, despite the braking effect caused by the strong magnetic field. C1 [Myers, Andrew T.; Mckee, Christopher F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mckee, Christopher F.; Klein, Richard I.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cunningham, Andrew J.; Klein, Richard I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Krumholz, Mark R.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Myers, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM atmyers@berkeley.edu OI Krumholz, Mark/0000-0003-3893-854X FU NASA [NNG06-GH96G]; NSF [AST-0908553, NSF12-11729, CAREER-0955300]; Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship; U.S. Department of Energy at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-B569409]; NASA through ATFP FX A.T.M. thanks Pak-Shing Li, Louis Howell, Christoph Federrath, and Bo Zhao for helpful discussions, and the anonymous referee for constructive comments that improved the paper. Support for this work was provided by NASA through ATP grant NNG06-GH96G (R.I.K., M.R.K., and C.F.M.) and a Chandra Space Telescope grant (M.R.K.); the NSF through grants AST-0908553 and NSF12-11729 (A.T.M., R.I.K., and C.F.M.) and grant CAREER-0955300 (M.R.K.); an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship (M.R.K); and the U.S. Department of Energy at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (A.J.C. and R.I.K.) and grant LLNL-B569409 (A.T.M.). Supercomputing support was provided by NASA through a grant from the ATFP. We have used the YT toolkit (Turk et al. 2011) for data analysis and plotting. NR 81 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 766 IS 2 AR 97 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/766/2/97 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 108UE UT WOS:000316320900031 ER PT J AU Petruzielo, RS Heberle, FA Drazba, P Katsaras, J Feigenson, GW AF Petruzielo, Robin S. Heberle, Frederick A. Drazba, Paul Katsaras, John Feigenson, Gerald W. TI Phase behavior and domain size in sphingomyelin-containing lipid bilayers SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES LA English DT Article DE Sphingomyelin; Lipid bilayer; Coexisting liquid phases; Raft; Small-angle neutron scattering; Nanodomain ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; MODEL MEMBRANES; BIOLOGICAL-MEMBRANES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; PLASMA-MEMBRANES; CELL-MEMBRANES; RAFT FORMATION; CHOLESTEROL; FLUORESCENCE; MIXTURES AB Membrane raft size measurements are crucial to understanding the stability and functionality of rafts in cells. The challenge of accurately measuring raft size is evidenced by the disparate reports of domain sizes, which range from nanometers to microns for the ternary model membrane system sphingomyelin (SM)/1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)/cholesterol (Chol). Using Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and differential scanning calorimeny (DSC), we established phase diagrams for porcine brain SM (bSM)/dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC)/Chol and bSM/POPC/Chol at 15 and 25 degrees C By combining two techniques with different spatial sensitivities, namely FRET and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), we have significantly narrowed the uncertainty in domain size estimates for bSM/POPC/Chol mixtures. Compositional trends in FRET data revealed coexisting domains at 15 and 25 degrees C for both mixtures, while SANS measurements detected no domain formation for bSM/POPC/Chol. Together these results indicate that liquid domains in bSM/POPC/Chol are between 2 and 7 nm in radius at 25 degrees C: that is, domains must be on the order of the 2-6 nm Forster distance of the FRET probes, but smaller than the similar to 7 nm minimum cluster size detectable with SANS. However, for paltnitoyl SM (PSM)/POPC/Chol at a similar composition, SANS detected coexisting liquid domains. This increase in domain size upon replacing the natural SM component (which consists of a mixture of chain lengths) with synthetic PSM, suggests a role for SM chain length in modulating raft size in vivo. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Petruzielo, Robin S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Heberle, Frederick A.; Katsaras, John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Drazba, Paul; Katsaras, John] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Katsaras, John] CNR, Canadian Neutron Beam Ctr, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada. [Katsaras, John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Neutron Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Feigenson, Gerald W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Field Biophys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Feigenson, GW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, 201 Biotechnol Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM gwf3@cornell.edu OI Katsaras, John/0000-0002-8937-4177 FU National Science Foundation [MCB 0842839]; National Institutes of Health [GM077198]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; UT-Batelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research, for the BioSANS instrument at the ORNL Center for Structural Molecular Biology; Scientific User Facilities Division of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, for the EQ-SANS instrument at the ORNL Spallation Neutron Source; UT-Battelle, LLC [DE-AC05-000R2275]; AT&T Labs Fellowship Program; Department of Defense, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship [32 CFR 168a] FX Support was received from The National Science Foundation Research Award MCB 0842839 and The National Institutes of Health R01 Research Award GM077198 (to G.W.F.), and from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (to J.K.), managed by UT-Batelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This work acknowledges the additional support from the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research, for the BioSANS instrument at the ORNL Center for Structural Molecular Biology, and from the Scientific User Facilities Division of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, for the EQ-SANS instrument at the ORNL Spallation Neutron Source. These facilities are managed for DOE by UT-Battelle, LLC under contract no. DE-AC05-000R2275. R.S.P. received support from the AT&T Labs Fellowship Program and a government support under and awarded by the Department of Defense, Air Force Office of Scientific Research, National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship, 32 CFR 168a. NR 74 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 8 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-2736 J9 BBA-BIOMEMBRANES JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Biomembr. PD APR PY 2013 VL 1828 IS 4 BP 1302 EP 1313 DI 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.01.007 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 111LF UT WOS:000316522100014 PM 23337475 ER PT J AU Pronk, S Pall, S Schulz, R Larsson, P Bjelkmar, P Apostolov, R Shirts, MR Smith, JC Kasson, PM van der Spoel, D Hess, B Lindahl, E AF Pronk, Sander Pall, Szilard Schulz, Roland Larsson, Per Bjelkmar, Par Apostolov, Rossen Shirts, Michael R. Smith, Jeremy C. Kasson, Peter M. van der Spoel, David Hess, Berk Lindahl, Erik TI GROMACS 4.5: a high-throughput and highly parallel open source molecular simulation toolkit SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID FORCE-FIELD; FREE-ENERGY; BIOMOLECULAR SIMULATION; DYNAMICS; MODEL; REFINEMENT; TRANSITION; EFFICIENT; CONSTANT; PROTEINS AB Motivation: Molecular simulation has historically been a low-throughput technique, but faster computers and increasing amounts of genomic and structural data are changing this by enabling large-scale automated simulation of, for instance, many conformers or mutants of biomolecules with or without a range of ligands. At the same time, advances in performance and scaling now make it possible to model complex biomolecular interaction and function in a manner directly testable by experiment. These applications share a need for fast and efficient software that can be deployed on massive scale in clusters, web servers, distributed computing or cloud resources. Results: Here, we present a range of new simulation algorithms and features developed during the past 4 years, leading up to the GROMACS 4.5 software package. The software now automatically handles wide classes of biomolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, and comes with all commonly used force fields for these molecules built-in. GROMACS supports several implicit solvent models, as well as new free-energy algorithms, and the software now uses multithreading for efficient parallelization even on low-end systems, including windows-based workstations. Together with hand-tuned assembly kernels and state-of-the-art parallelization, this provides extremely high performance and cost efficiency for high-throughput as well as massively parallel simulations. C1 [Pronk, Sander; Pall, Szilard; Bjelkmar, Par; Apostolov, Rossen; van der Spoel, David; Hess, Berk; Lindahl, Erik] Sci Life Lab, S-17121 Stockholm, Sweden. [Pronk, Sander; Pall, Szilard; Apostolov, Rossen; Hess, Berk; Lindahl, Erik] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Theoret Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Schulz, Roland; Smith, Jeremy C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Ctr Mol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Schulz, Roland; Smith, Jeremy C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN USA. [Larsson, Per; Kasson, Peter M.] Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Larsson, Per; Kasson, Peter M.] Univ Virginia, Dept Biomed Engn, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Bjelkmar, Par; Lindahl, Erik] Stockholm Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Ctr Biomembrane Res, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Shirts, Michael R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem Engn, Charlottesville, VA USA. [van der Spoel, David] Uppsala Univ, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Lindahl, E (reprint author), Sci Life Lab, S-17121 Stockholm, Sweden. EM erik.lindahl@scilifelab.se RI Schulz, Roland/A-1868-2010; smith, jeremy/B-7287-2012; van der Spoel, David/A-5471-2008; OI Schulz, Roland/0000-0003-1603-2413; smith, jeremy/0000-0002-2978-3227; van der Spoel, David/0000-0002-7659-8526; Bjelkmar, Par/0000-0002-5560-865X; Lindahl, Erik/0000-0002-2734-2794 FU European Research Council [209825, 258980]; Swedish research council; Foundation for Strategic Research; Swedish e-Science Research Center; eSSENCE; National Institute of Health [R01GM098304]; ScalaLife project; CRESTA EU FP7 project FX European Research Council [209825 to E.L., 258980 to B.H.]; Swedish research council (to E.L., D.V.D.S.); Foundation for Strategic Research (to E.L.); Swedish e-Science Research Center (to E.L., B.H.); eSSENCE (to D.V.D.S.); National Institute of Health [R01GM098304 to P.K.]; ScalaLife & CRESTA EU FP7 projects (to E.L., B.H.). Computing resources have been provided by the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing. NR 51 TC 1659 Z9 1676 U1 53 U2 418 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 29 IS 7 BP 845 EP 854 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btt055 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 113UW UT WOS:000316695700004 PM 23407358 ER PT J AU Slinkard, ME Carr, DB Young, CJ AF Slinkard, Megan E. Carr, Dorthe B. Young, Christopher J. TI Applying Waveform Correlation to Three Aftershock Sequences SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CROSS-CORRELATION; 2005 KASHMIR; EARTHQUAKE; CALIFORNIA; EVENTS; LOCATION; SYSTEM; CHINA; SLIP AB For nuclear explosion seismic monitoring, major aftershock sequences can be a significant problem because each event must be analyzed. Fortunately, the high degree of waveform similarity expected within aftershock sequences offers a way to more quickly and robustly process these events than is possible using traditional methods (e.g., short-term average/long-term average detection). We explore how waveform correlation can be incorporated into an automated event detection system to improve both the timeliness and the quality of the resultant bulletin. With our Waveform Correlation Detector we processed three aftershock sequences: the 1994 Northridge earthquake, the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, and the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Our system compared incoming waveform data to a library of known master events and identified incoming waveform data that correlated well with a master event as a repeating event. We break down our results to show how many master events found matches, the distribution in family size, and the effect of distance and fault characteristics on the results. Between 24% and 92% of the events in each sequence were recognized as similar events. C1 [Slinkard, Megan E.; Carr, Dorthe B.; Young, Christopher J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Slinkard, ME (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800 MS 0404, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM meslink@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Sandia National Laboratory [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Sandia National Laboratory under Award Number DE-AC04-94AL85000. The authors would like to thank our colleagues at LANL for providing the CD2 data. In addition, we would like to thank David Schaff, Paul Richards, Charlotte Rowe, Steven Gibbons, and William Junek for helpful conversations and support. Last, we would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD APR PY 2013 VL 103 IS 2A BP 675 EP 693 DI 10.1785/0120120058 PG 19 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 109YJ UT WOS:000316406800005 ER PT J AU Fujita, K Mackey, KG Hartse, HE AF Fujita, K. Mackey, K. G. Hartse, H. E. TI Ground Truth Determinations of Detonation Sites of Peaceful Nuclear Explosions in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATION AB Although ground truth (GT) locations for peaceful nuclear explosions (PNEs) conducted in the former Soviet Union are generally thought to be well known, they can be erroneous by up to tens of kilometers. Information (maps, photographs, descriptions) published in radionuclide contamination and environmental studies, combined with satellite imagery, allow for the improvement of the coordinates of these detonations. We are able to link disturbed areas visible in satellite imagery to probable detonation sites for all PNEs conducted in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia, and improve on, or confirm, previously published solutions; taking possible uncertainties and alternative sites into consideration, all of them can be located to GT0 or GT1. The improvements are most pronounced for Crystal, where a mound over the detonation site can be identified, and for detonations conducted for the purpose of enhanced petroleum recovery near Tas-Yuryakh. C1 [Fujita, K.; Mackey, K. G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hartse, H. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Fujita, K (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 288 Farm Lane, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-09NA29323, DE-AC52-06NA25396]; AFRL [FA8718-08-C-0018]; Michigan State University College of Natural Sciences FX This work was supported, in part, by U.S. Department of Energy Award Numbers DE-AC52-09NA29323 and DE-AC52-06NA25396, AFRL FA8718-08-C-0018, and the Michigan State University College of Natural Sciences. We also thank our colleagues in Russia for their assistance and comments. Los Alamos Contribution Number LA-UR-12-20099. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD APR PY 2013 VL 103 IS 2A BP 730 EP 740 DI 10.1785/0120120176 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 109YJ UT WOS:000316406800008 ER PT J AU LeBeau, AM Duriseti, S Murphy, ST Pepin, F Hann, B Gray, JW VanBrocklin, HF Craik, CS AF LeBeau, Aaron M. Duriseti, Sai Murphy, Stephanie T. Pepin, Francois Hann, Byron Gray, Joe W. VanBrocklin, Henry F. Craik, Charles S. TI Targeting uPAR with Antagonistic Recombinant Human Antibodies in Aggressive Breast Cancer SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR RECEPTOR; UROKINASE RECEPTOR; IN-VIVO; MEMBRANE ANTIGEN; PROSTATE-CANCER; EXPRESSION; CELLS; THERAPY; TUMOR; SIGNATURE AB Components of the plasminogen activation system, which are overexpressed in aggressive breast cancer subtypes, offer appealing targets for development of new diagnostics and therapeutics. By comparing gene expression data in patient populations and cultured cell lines, we identified elevated levels of the urokinase plasminogen activation receptor (uPAR, PLAUR) in highly aggressive breast cancer subtypes and cell lines. Recombinant human anti-uPAR antagonistic antibodies exhibited potent binding in vitro to the surface of cancer cells expressing uPAR. In vivo these antibodies detected uPAR expression in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumor xenografts using near infrared imaging and In-111 single-photon emission computed tomography. Antibody-based uPAR imaging probes accurately detected small disseminated lesions in a tumor metastasis model, complementing the current clinical imaging standard F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose at detecting non-glucose-avid metastatic lesions. A monotherapy study using the antagonistic antibodies resulted in a significant decrease in tumor growth in a TNBC xenograft model. In addition, a radioimmunotherapy study, using the anti-uPAR antibodies conjugated to the therapeutic radioisotope Lu-177, found that they were effective at reducing tumor burden in vivo. Taken together, our results offer a preclinical proof of concept for uPAR targeting as a strategy for breast cancer diagnosis and therapy using this novel human antibody technology. Cancer Res; 1-12. (C)2013 AACR. C1 [LeBeau, Aaron M.; Craik, Charles S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [LeBeau, Aaron M.; Murphy, Stephanie T.; VanBrocklin, Henry F.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol & Biomed Imaging, Ctr Mol & Funct Imaging, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Duriseti, Sai] Univ Calif San Francisco, Grad Grp Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Hann, Byron] Univ Calif San Francisco, Preclin Therapeut Core, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehens Canc Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Pepin, Francois; Gray, Joe W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP VanBrocklin, HF (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol & Biomed Imaging, 185 Berry St,Suite 350, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM Henry.Vanbrocklin@ucsf.edu; Charles.Craik@ucsf.edu FU Rogers Family Award; National Institutes of Health [R01 CA128765]; National Cancer Institute [P50 CA 58207]; DOD prostate cancer postdoctoral award [PC094386]; DOD Idea Award [PC111318]; Chih Foundation Award; UC Cancer Research Coordinating Committee; NIH [T32 GM008284-25]; [U54 CA 112970] FX This work was supported by the Rogers Family Award (to C. S. Craik and H. F. VanBrocklin) and the National Institutes of Health grant R01 CA128765 (to C. S. Craik), National Cancer Institute grant P50 CA 58207, and the U54 CA 112970 (to J.W. Gray). A. M. LeBeau was supported by a DOD prostate cancer postdoctoral award PC094386 and DOD Idea Award PC111318. S. Duriseti received pre-doctoral funding from the Chih Foundation Award, the UC Cancer Research Coordinating Committee, and NIH training grant T32 GM008284-25. NR 42 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 24 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 73 IS 7 BP 2070 EP 2081 DI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-3526 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 118AU UT WOS:000316995600006 PM 23400595 ER PT J AU Smith, SJ Karas, J Edmonds, J Eom, J Mizrahi, A AF Smith, Steven J. Karas, Joseph Edmonds, Jae Eom, Jiyong Mizrahi, Andrew TI Sensitivity of multi-gas climate policy to emission metrics SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALS; GREENHOUSE GASES; CO2; STABILIZATION; ECONOMICS; INDEXES; COSTS; CH4 AB The Global Warming Potential (GWP) index is currently used to create CO2-equivalent emission totals for multi-gas greenhouse targets. While many alternatives have been proposed, it is not possible to uniquely define a metric that captures the different impacts of emissions of substances with widely disparate atmospheric lifetimes, which leads to a wide range of possible index values. We examine the sensitivity of emissions and climate outcomes to the value of the index used to aggregate methane emissions using a technologically detailed integrated assessment model. The methane index is varied between 4 and 70, with a central value of 21, which is the 100-year GWP value currently used in policy contexts. We find that the sensitivity to index value is, at most, 10-18 % in terms of methane emissions but only 2-3 % in terms of the maximum total radiative forcing change, with larger regional emissions differences in some cases. The choice of index also affects estimates of the cost of meeting a given end of century forcing target, with total two-gas mitigation cost increasing by 7-9 % if the index is increased, and increasing in most scenarios from 4 to 23 % if the index is lowered, with a slight (1 %) decrease in total cost in one case. We find that much of the methane abatement occurs as the induced effect of CO2 abatement rather than explicit abatement, which is one reason why climate outcomes are relatively insensitive to the index value. We also find that the near-term climate benefit of increasing the methane index is small. C1 [Smith, Steven J.; Karas, Joseph; Edmonds, Jae; Eom, Jiyong; Mizrahi, Andrew] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Smith, SJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, 5825 Univ Res Court,Suite 3500, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM ssmith@pnl.gov RI Eom, Jiyong/A-1161-2014 FU Climate Change Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Office of Science (BER), U. S. Department of Energy FX Work on this project was supported by the Climate Change Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, with additional support from the Office of Science (BER), U. S. Department of Energy. The authors would like to thank the three anonymous reviewers, whose comments substantially improved the paper. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD APR PY 2013 VL 117 IS 4 BP 663 EP 675 DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0565-7 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 106FW UT WOS:000316129500003 ER PT J AU Legrand, E Bouhattate, J Feaugas, X Touzain, S Garmestani, H Khaleel, M Li, DS AF Legrand, E. Bouhattate, J. Feaugas, X. Touzain, S. Garmestani, H. Khaleel, M. Li, D. S. TI Numerical analysis of the influence of scale effects and microstructure on hydrogen diffusion in polycrystalline aggregates SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Hydrogen; Permeation; Diffusion; Microstructure; Grain boundaries; Scale effects ID BLUNTING CRACK-TIP; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SURFACE OXIDES; PERMEATION; STEEL; PALLADIUM; NICKEL; TRANSPORT; SOLIDS; LAYER AB Predicting resistance to environmental degradation, especially hydrogen embrittlement (HE) has become a major concern for life assessment and risk analysis of structural materials. The microstructure of the materials plays a significant role in HE. Despite the large documentation about the subject, the contribution of hydrogen diffusion on this process stays unclear. In this work, we analyze the effects of the microstructure on hydrogen diffusion, especially the influence of grain boundaries considered as high diffusivity paths and possible sites of damage occurrence. Electrochemical permeation was simulated using finite elements method (FEM). Scale effects between the RVE (Representative Volume Element) and the size of the membrane are discussed. Domains of applicability for standard homogenization methods, especially Hashin-Shtrikman model are studied using results from microstructural based FEM. Domains of invariance of diffusion behavior and concentration profiles for grain shapes and the size of the membrane are also analyzed. Thus, the difficulty to extract diffusion properties by permeation test for heterogeneous microstructures is highlighted and discussed. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Legrand, E.; Bouhattate, J.; Feaugas, X.; Touzain, S.] LaSIE, Lab Sci Ingn Environm, F-17042 La Rochelle, France. [Garmestani, H.] Georgia Inst Technol, LMM, Lab Micromech Mat, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Khaleel, M.; Li, D. S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Bouhattate, J (reprint author), LaSIE, Lab Sci Ingn Environm, Bat Marie Curie,Av Michel Crepeau, F-17042 La Rochelle, France. EM jamaa.bouhattate@univ-lr.fr OI khaleel, mohammad/0000-0001-7048-0749; Touzain, Sebastien/0000-0002-1368-2843 FU ANR DISHYDRO [09BLAN_0143_01]; PNNL LDRD Chemical Imaging Initiative project; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The authors wish to thank the ANR DISHYDRO 09BLAN_0143_01 for its financial support, and also Juan Creus, and Abdelali Oudriss for their fruitful discussions and comparison with their experimental work. D.S. Li is funded by PNNL LDRD Chemical Imaging Initiative project. PNNL is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0256 J9 COMP MATER SCI JI Comput. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 71 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2013.01.018 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 113IY UT WOS:000316661300001 ER PT J AU Southworth, G Mathews, T Greeley, M Peterson, M Brooks, S Ketelle, D AF Southworth, George Mathews, Teresa Greeley, Mark Peterson, Mark Brooks, Scott Ketelle, Dick TI Sources of mercury in a contaminated stream-implications for the timescale of recovery SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Watershed; Export; Inventory; Remediation ID SOUTH RIVER; VIRGINIA; HISTORY; EROSION; SOIL AB Mercury contamination in East Fork Poplar Creek in Tennessee arises from dissolved mercury exiting a headwater industrial complex and residual mercury in the streambed and soil throughout the watershed downstream. The headwater inputs generate chronic base flow concentrations of total mercury of about 1,000ng/L, but most of the annual export of mercury from the system appears to originate farther downstream. Effective targeting of remedial efforts requires determining how long downstream sources might continue to contaminate the system following elimination of the headwater mercury inputs. The authors calculations suggest that (1) contaminated soils and sediments account for >80% of the annual mercury export from the entire watershed, with most export occurring during wet weather events; (2) bank erosion and resuspension of streambed particulates are the major mercury sources maintaining high annual mercury export rates; and (3) the inventory of particle-associated mercury in the streambed was not large enough to sustain the estimated export rates for more than a few years. The authors findings imply that to prevent waterborne mercury contamination in this system from continuing for decades, remedial actions will have to control the headwater mercury source that sustains day-to-day base flow mercury concentrations and the riparian stream-bank sources that generate most of the mercury export from the system. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:764772. (c) 2013 SETAC C1 [Southworth, George; Mathews, Teresa; Greeley, Mark; Peterson, Mark; Brooks, Scott] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Ketelle, Dick] Oak Ridge LLC UCOR, URS CH2M, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Mathews, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. EM mathewstj@ornl.gov RI Greeley, Mark/D-2330-2016 OI Greeley, Mark/0000-0002-6088-5942 FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research within the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science FX We thank K. Lowe, K. Hyder, M. Bogle, K. McCracken, and G. Morris, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Environmental Sciences Division (ESD), for technical assistance on the project; S. Floyd and T. Clem, ORNL ESD, for assistance with editorial production; and T. Herrell, J. Stinnett, and B. Gross of Commodore Advanced Sciences for their assistance with flow measurements and sample collection. This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Oak Ridge Operations Water Resources Restoration Program managed by Bechtel Jacobs, the B&W Y-12 Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program, and the Office of Biological and Environmental Research within the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 32 IS 4 BP 764 EP 772 DI 10.1002/etc.2115 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 112VG UT WOS:000316621700007 PM 23297245 ER PT J AU Beissinger, TM Hirsch, CN Sekhon, RS Foerster, JM Johnson, JM Muttoni, G Vaillancourt, B Buell, CR Kaeppler, SM de Leon, N AF Beissinger, Timothy M. Hirsch, Candice N. Sekhon, Rajandeep S. Foerster, Jillian M. Johnson, James M. Muttoni, German Vaillancourt, Brieanne Buell, C. Robin Kaeppler, Shawn M. de Leon, Natalia TI Marker Density and Read Depth for Genotyping Populations Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-MAP; GENOME; MAIZE; DISCOVERY; POLYMORPHISM; COMPLEXITY; DYNAMICS; BARLEY AB Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approaches provide low-cost, high-density genotype information. However, GBS has unique technical considerations, including a substantial amount of missing data and a nonuniform distribution of sequence reads. The goal of this study was to characterize technical variation using this method and to develop methods to optimize read depth to obtain desired marker coverage. To empirically assess the distribution of fragments produced using GBS, similar to 8.69 Gb of GBS data were generated on the Zea mays reference inbred B73, utilizing ApeKI for genome reduction and single-end reads between 75 and 81 bp in length. We observed wide variation in sequence coverage across sites. Approximately 76% of potentially observable cut site-adjacent sequence fragments had no sequencing reads whereas a portion had substantially greater read depth than expected, up to 2369 times the expected mean. The methods described in this article facilitate determination of sequencing depth in the context of empirically defined read depth to achieve desired marker density for genetic mapping studies. C1 [Beissinger, Timothy M.; Sekhon, Rajandeep S.; Foerster, Jillian M.; Johnson, James M.; Muttoni, German; Kaeppler, Shawn M.; de Leon, Natalia] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Beissinger, Timothy M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anim Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sekhon, Rajandeep S.; Kaeppler, Shawn M.; de Leon, Natalia] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hirsch, Candice N.; Vaillancourt, Brieanne; Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hirsch, Candice N.; Vaillancourt, Brieanne; Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP de Leon, N (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr,Moore Hall Room 459, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM ndeleongatti@wisc.edu OI Kaeppler, Shawn/0000-0002-5964-1668 FU Department of Energy (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (BER) (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; DuPont-Pioneer Hi-Bred International; Hatch funds from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture Project [WIS01330] FX This work was funded by the Department of Energy (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (BER) (DOE BER Office of Science grant DE-FC02-07ER64494). T. M. B. and J.M.F. were supported by a gift to the University of Wisconsin, Madison, Plant Breeding and Plant Genetics program from Monsanto. G. M. was supported by a fellowship from DuPont-Pioneer Hi-Bred International. J.M.J. was supported by Hatch funds from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture Project WIS01330. NR 31 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 87 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0016-6731 EI 1943-2631 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD APR PY 2013 VL 193 IS 4 BP 1073 EP 1081 DI 10.1534/genetics.112.147710 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 117EY UT WOS:000316937300004 PM 23410831 ER PT J AU Closek, CJ Sunagawa, S Desalvo, MK Piceno, YM Desantis, TZ Brodie, EL Voolstra, CR Andersen, GL Medina, M AF Closek, C. J. Sunagawa, S. Desalvo, M. K. Piceno, Y. M. Desantis, T. Z. Brodie, E. L. Voolstra, C. R. Andersen, G. L. Medina, M. TI How Bacteria and Genes Reflect the Health States of Corals SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 Univ Calif, Merced, CA USA. European Mol Biol Lab, D-69012 Heidelberg, Germany. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. EM closek@gmail.com RI Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015; Piceno, Yvette/I-6738-2016 OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827; Piceno, Yvette/0000-0002-7915-4699 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 SU 1 BP E267 EP E267 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 117ZG UT WOS:000316991402125 ER PT J AU Greenlee, KJ Socha, JJ Eubanks, HB Lee, WK Kirkton, SD AF Greenlee, K. J. Socha, J. J. Eubanks, H. B. Lee, W-K Kirkton, S. D. TI Developmental changes in tracheal system structure and function in the caterpillar, Manduca sexta SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND USA. Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA. Jackson State Univ, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Union Coll, Schenectady, NY USA. EM kendra.greenlee@ndsu.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 SU 1 BP E81 EP E81 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 117ZG UT WOS:000316991400325 ER PT J AU Lopez, JV Cuvelier, M Gilbert, JA Larsen, P Willoughby, D Wu, Y Blackwelder, P Mccarthy, PJ Smith, E Thurber, RV AF Lopez, J., V Cuvelier, M. Gilbert, J. A. Larsen, P. Willoughby, D. Wu, Y. Blackwelder, P. Mccarthy, P. J. Smith, E. Thurber, Vega R. TI Synergistic Effects of Crude Oil and Corexit Dispersant on a Sponge Holobiont System SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 Nova SE Univ, Ocean Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. Ocean Ridge Biosci, Palm Beach Gardens, FL USA. Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA. Oregon State Univ, Florida Int Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM joslo@nova.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 SU 1 BP E130 EP E130 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 117ZG UT WOS:000316991401056 ER PT J AU Shawkey, MD D'Alba, L Vinther, J Ahmed, M Liu, S AF Shawkey, M. D. D'Alba, L. Vinther, J. Ahmed, M. Liu, S. TI Melanin chemistry and color in feathers SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB) CY JAN 03-07, 2013 CL San Francisco, CA SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB) C1 Univ Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA. Univ Bristol, Coll Wooster, Bristol BS8 1TH, Avon, England. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. EM shawkey@uakron.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1540-7063 J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL JI Integr. Comp. Biol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 SU 1 BP E196 EP E196 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 117ZG UT WOS:000316991401319 ER PT J AU Li, LC Liu, HH AF Li, L. C. Liu, H. H. TI A numerical study of the mechanical response to excavation and ventilation around tunnels in clay rocks SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE EDZ; Stress-strain relationship; Numerical simulation; Ventilation; Hooke's law ID OPALINUS CLAY; DAMAGED ZONE; STRENGTH; STRESS; BEHAVIOR; PRESSURE; SUCTION; STRAIN; MODEL AB As an attempt to more accurately model the nonlinear-elastic response and excavation damaged zone (EDZ) behavior induced by excavation and ventilation in clay/shale, we have incorporated and implemented a recently developed stress-strain relationship, called the two-part Hooke's model (TPHM), within the TOUGH-FLAC3D code. TPHM is based on a macroscopic-scale approximation using a natural-strain-based Hooke's law to describe elastic deformation for a fraction of pores subject to a large degree of deformation; an engineering-strain-based Hooke's law is used for the other part. We carried out a series of numerical verification tests on the deformation behavior of small-scale clay and shale samples based on TPHM. A comparison with an elastic model described by the conventional Hooke's law (the single-part Hooke's model, SPHM) indicates that the TPHM can more accurately capture observed mechanical deformation in the low-stress region of clay/shale rocks. Furthermore, based on numerical simulations of elastic response and EDZ behavior around a tunnel opening (in Opalinus Clay) induced by excavation and ventilation, we found a larger radial elastic deformation on the roof and floor of the tunnel, and considerably different stress distributions than were found with SPHM. Although desaturation was influenced by ventilation only and occurred within a narrow zone around the tunnel opening, a suction state in the rock mass developed over quite a long radial distance, which had a substantial effect on the macroscopic behavior of the rock matrix during the desaturation process. Throughout the tunnel, the mode and extension of damage zones calculated by TPHM showed clear differences from those calculated by SPHM. The results based on TPHM are more consistent with observations, indicating the need and importance of incorporating more accurate constitutive models for modeling coupled processes. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, L. C.; Liu, H. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Li, LC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM li_lianchong@yahoo.com FU Used Fuel Disposition Campaign under DOE Contract [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The original version of this paper was reviewed by Jihoon Kim and Daniel Hawkes at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Their constructive comments are appreciated. This work was funded by and conducted for the Used Fuel Disposition Campaign under DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1365-1609 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 59 BP 22 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2012.11.005 PG 11 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 114GD UT WOS:000316728200003 ER PT J AU Collins, DH Huzurbazar, AV AF Collins, David H. Huzurbazar, Aparna V. TI Multi-state Stochastic Processes: A Statistical Flowgraph Perspective SO INTERNATIONAL STATISTICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Censored data; empirical transform; Laplace transform; saddlepoint approximation; semi-Markov process; transform inversion ID MARKOV RENEWAL PROCESSES; SADDLEPOINT APPROXIMATIONS; NONPARAMETRIC-ESTIMATION; LAPLACE TRANSFORM; MODELS; SYSTEMS; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Two-state models (working/failed or alive/dead) are widely used in reliability and survival analysis. In contrast, multi-state stochastic processes provide a richer framework for modeling and analyzing the progression of a process from an initial to a terminal state, allowing incorporation of more details of the process mechanism. We review multi-state models, focusing on time-homogeneous semi-Markov processes (SMPs), and then describe the statistical flowgraph framework, which comprises analysis methods and algorithms for computing quantities of interest such as the distribution of first passage times to a terminal state. These algorithms algebraically combine integral transforms of the waiting time distributions in each state and invert them to get the required results. The estimated transforms may be based on parametric distributions or on empirical distributions of sample transition data, which may be censored. The methods are illustrated with several applications. C1 [Collins, David H.; Huzurbazar, Aparna V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Collins, DH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM dcollins@lanl.gov FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX The authors thank Michael Hamada (Los Alamos National Laboratory) and the ISR editor and reviewers for helpful comments on earlier drafts, which have significantly improved the paper. The work of the authors was performed under the auspices of the Los Alamos National Laboratory operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 91 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0306-7734 EI 1751-5823 J9 INT STAT REV JI Int. Stat. Rev. PD APR PY 2013 VL 81 IS 1 BP 78 EP 106 DI 10.1111/j.1751-5823.2012.00193.x PG 29 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 118EC UT WOS:000317004700011 ER PT J AU Handley, KM VerBerkmoes, NC Steefel, CI Williams, KH Sharon, I Miller, CS Frischkorn, KR Chourey, K Thomas, BC Shah, MB Long, PE Hettich, RL Banfield, JF AF Handley, Kim M. VerBerkmoes, Nathan C. Steefel, Carl I. Williams, Kenneth H. Sharon, Itai Miller, Christopher S. Frischkorn, Kyle R. Chourey, Karuna Thomas, Brian C. Shah, Manesh B. Long, Philip E. Hettich, Robert L. Banfield, Jillian F. TI Biostimulation induces syntrophic interactions that impact C, S and N cycling in a sediment microbial community SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE autotroph; metagenomics; proteomics; sediment; subsurface; syntrophy ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; URANIUM-CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER; SP-NOV.; AUTOTROPHIC DENITRIFICATION; NITROGEN-FIXATION; AQUIFER SEDIMENTS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENOME SEQUENCE; DESULFUROMONAS-ACETOXIDANS; ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION AB Stimulation of subsurface microorganisms to induce reductive immobilization of metals is a promising approach for bioremediation, yet the overall microbial community response is typically poorly understood. Here we used proteogenomics to test the hypothesis that excess input of acetate activates complex community functioning and syntrophic interactions among autotrophs and heterotrophs. A flow-through sediment column was incubated in a groundwater well of an acetate-amended aquifer and recovered during microbial sulfate reduction. De novo reconstruction of community sequences yielded near-complete genomes of Desulfobacter (Deltaproteobacteria), Sulfurovum- and Sulfurimonas-like Epsilonproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Partial genomes were obtained for Clostridiales (Firmicutes) and Desulfuromonadales-like Deltaproteobacteria. The majority of proteins identified by mass spectrometry corresponded to Desulfobacter-like species, and demonstrate the role of this organism in sulfate reduction (Dsr and APS), nitrogen fixation and acetate oxidation to CO2 during amendment. Results indicate less abundant Desulfuromonadales, and possibly Bacteroidetes, also actively contributed to CO2 production via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Proteomic data indicate that sulfide was partially re-oxidized by Epsilonproteobacteria through nitrate-dependent sulfide oxidation (using Nap, Nir, Nos, SQR and Sox), with CO2 fixed using the reverse TCA cycle. We infer that high acetate concentrations, aimed at stimulating anaerobic heterotrophy, led to the co-enrichment of, and carbon fixation in Epsilonproteobacteria. Results give an insight into ecosystem behavior following addition of simple organic carbon to the subsurface, and demonstrate a range of biological processes and community interactions were stimulated. The ISME Journal (2013) 7, 800-816; doi:10.1038/ismej.2012.148; published online 29 November 2012 C1 [Handley, Kim M.; Sharon, Itai; Miller, Christopher S.; Frischkorn, Kyle R.; Thomas, Brian C.; Banfield, Jillian F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [VerBerkmoes, Nathan C.; Chourey, Karuna; Shah, Manesh B.; Hettich, Robert L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [VerBerkmoes, Nathan C.; Chourey, Karuna; Shah, Manesh B.; Hettich, Robert L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Steefel, Carl I.; Williams, Kenneth H.; Long, Philip E.; Banfield, Jillian F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Banfield, JF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 307 McCone Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jbanfield@berkeley.edu RI Steefel, Carl/B-7758-2010; Long, Philip/F-5728-2013; Williams, Kenneth/O-5181-2014; Hettich, Robert/N-1458-2016; OI Long, Philip/0000-0003-4152-5682; Williams, Kenneth/0000-0002-3568-1155; Hettich, Robert/0000-0001-7708-786X; Sharon, Itai/0000-0003-0705-2316; Miller, Christopher/0000-0002-9448-8144; , /0000-0002-9216-3813; Handley, Kim/0000-0003-0531-3009 FU IFRC, Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research; US Department of Energy (DOE); LBNL [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; EMBO FX Funding was provided through the IFRC, Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research, the US Department of Energy (DOE), with equal support for LBNL employees through LBNL's Sustainable Systems Scientific Focus Area (contract DE-AC02-05CH11231); and an EMBO Long-Term Fellowship (I Sharon). Genomic sequencing was performed at the W M Keck Center for Comparative and Functional Genomics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. We thank S Chan (University of California, LA, USA) for help with field implementation, and K Campbell (the US Geological Survey, Menlo Park) and J Bargar (Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, Menlo Park, USA) for assistance with column design. We also thank our anonymous reviewer's for their helpful comments. NR 101 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 7 U2 127 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 800 EP 816 DI 10.1038/ismej.2012.148 PG 17 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 114FZ UT WOS:000316727800011 PM 23190730 ER PT J AU Burow, LC Woebken, D Marshall, IPG Lindquist, EA Bebout, BM Prufert-Bebout, L Hoehler, TM Tringe, SG Pett-Ridge, J Weber, PK Spormann, AM Singer, SW AF Burow, Luke C. Woebken, Dagmar Marshall, Ian P. G. Lindquist, Erika A. Bebout, Brad M. Prufert-Bebout, Leslie Hoehler, Tori M. Tringe, Susannah G. Pett-Ridge, Jennifer Weber, Peter K. Spormann, Alfred M. Singer, Steven W. TI Anoxic carbon flux in photosynthetic microbial mats as revealed by metatranscriptomics SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE metatranscriptomics; NanoSIMS; anoxic carbon flux; fermentation; glycogen ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; COASTAL BACTERIOPLANKTON; CYANOBACTERIAL MATS; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; GUERRERO NEGRO; BACTERIA; SEQUENCES; REMOVAL AB Photosynthetic microbial mats possess extraordinary phylogenetic and functional diversity that makes linking specific pathways with individual microbial populations a daunting task. Close metabolic and spatial relationships between Cyanobacteria and Chloroflexi have previously been observed in diverse microbial mats. Here, we report that an expressed metabolic pathway for the anoxic catabolism of photosynthate involving Cyanobacteria and Chloroflexi in microbial mats can be reconstructed through metatranscriptomic sequencing of mats collected at Elkhorn Slough, Monterey Bay, CA, USA. In this reconstruction, Microcoleus spp., the most abundant cyanobacterial group in the mats, ferment photosynthate to organic acids, CO2 and H-2 through multiple pathways, and an uncultivated lineage of the Chloroflexi take up these organic acids to store carbon as polyhydroxyalkanoates. The metabolic reconstruction is consistent with metabolite measurements and single cell microbial imaging with fluorescence in situ hybridization and NanoSIMS. The ISME Journal (2013) 7, 817-829; doi:10.1038/ismej.2012.150; published online 29 November 2012 C1 [Burow, Luke C.; Woebken, Dagmar; Marshall, Ian P. G.; Spormann, Alfred M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Burow, Luke C.; Woebken, Dagmar; Marshall, Ian P. G.; Spormann, Alfred M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Burow, Luke C.; Woebken, Dagmar; Bebout, Brad M.; Prufert-Bebout, Leslie; Hoehler, Tori M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Exobiol Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Lindquist, Erika A.; Tringe, Susannah G.] Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Pett-Ridge, Jennifer; Weber, Peter K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA. [Singer, Steven W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Singer, SW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 74-316C, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM SWSinger@lbl.gov RI Woebken, Dagmar/A-4447-2013; OI Tringe, Susannah/0000-0001-6479-8427; Woebken, Dagmar/0000-0002-1314-9926 FU US Department of Energy (DOE) Genomic Science Program [SCW1039]; US Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; US Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) FX Funding was provided by the US Department of Energy (DOE) Genomic Science Program under contract SCW1039. Work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Work at LBNL was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Pyrotag and metatranscriptomic sequencing were conducted by the Joint Genome Institute, which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. DW was funded by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft). We thank Jeff Cann, Associate Wildlife Biologist, Central Region, California Department of Fish and Game for coordinating our access to the Moss Landing Wildlife Area. NR 57 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 57 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 817 EP 829 DI 10.1038/ismej.2012.150 PG 13 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 114FZ UT WOS:000316727800012 PM 23190731 ER PT J AU Martiny, AC Treseder, K Pusch, G AF Martiny, Adam C. Treseder, Kathleen Pusch, Gordon TI Phylogenetic conservatism of functional traits in microorganisms SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Phylogenomics; SEED; traits; lateral gene transfer; Biolog; consenTRAIT ID PHOSPHATE ACQUISITION GENES; PROCHLOROCOCCUS ECOTYPES; COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; SOIL BACTERIA; EVOLUTION; DIVERSITY; COMPLEXITY; RESOURCE; GENOMES; NICHE AB A central question in biology is how biodiversity influences ecosystem functioning. Underlying this is the relationship between organismal phylogeny and the presence of specific functional traits. The relationship is complicated by gene loss and convergent evolution, resulting in the polyphyletic distribution of many traits. In microorganisms, lateral gene transfer can further distort the linkage between phylogeny and the presence of specific functional traits. To identify the phylogenetic conservation of specific traits in microorganisms, we developed a new phylogenetic metric-consenTRAIT-to estimate the clade depth where organisms share a trait. We then analyzed the distribution of 89 functional traits across a broad range of Bacteria and Archaea using genotypic and phenotypic data. A total of 93% of the traits were significantly non-randomly distributed, which suggested that vertical inheritance was generally important for the phylogenetic dispersion of functional traits in microorganisms. Further, traits in microbes were associated with a continuum of trait depths (tau(D)), ranging from a few deep to many shallow clades (average tau(D): 0.101-0.0011 rRNA sequence dissimilarity). Next, we demonstrated that the dispersion and the depth of clades that contain a trait is correlated with the trait's complexity. Specifically, complex traits encoded by many genes like photosynthesis and methanogenesis were found in a few deep clusters, whereas the ability to use simple carbon substrates was highly phylogenetically dispersed. On the basis of these results, we propose a framework for predicting the phylogenetic conservatism of functional traits depending on the complexity of the trait. This framework enables predicting how variation in microbial composition may affect microbially-mediated ecosystem processes as well as linking phylogenetic and trait-based patterns of biogeography. The ISME Journal (2013) 7, 830-838; doi:10.1038/ismej.2012.160; published online 13 December 2012 C1 [Martiny, Adam C.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Martiny, Adam C.; Treseder, Kathleen] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Pusch, Gordon] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Martiny, AC (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, 3208 Croul Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM amartiny@uci.edu RI Treseder, Kathleen/E-5148-2011 FU National Science Foundation-Dimensions of Biodiversity program; US Department of Energy, Office of Science (BER) GtL program FX We thank Steven Allison, Simon Levin, Jennifer Martiny, Ross Overbeek, and Martin Polz for many helpful comments on the manuscript and Anthony Amend for suggesting the consenTRAIT name. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation-Dimensions of Biodiversity program (ACM) and the US Department of Energy, Office of Science (BER) GtL program (ACM and KT). NR 52 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 14 U2 204 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 7 IS 4 BP 830 EP 838 DI 10.1038/ismej.2012.160 PG 9 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA 114FZ UT WOS:000316727800013 PM 23235290 ER PT J AU Seiner, DR Colburn, HA Baird, C Bartholomew, RA Straub, T Victry, K Hutchison, JR Valentine, N Bruckner-Lea, CJ AF Seiner, D. R. Colburn, H. A. Baird, C. Bartholomew, R. A. Straub, T. Victry, K. Hutchison, J. R. Valentine, N. Bruckner-Lea, C. J. TI Evaluation of the FilmArray (R) system for detection of Bacillus anthracis, Francisella tularensis and Yersinia pestis SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biodetection; bioterrorism; biothreat panel; FilmArray (R); first responders; hand portable; pathogens; PCR; sample preparation ID REAL-TIME PCR; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; RESPIRATORY PATHOGENS; XTAG RVP; ASSAYS; CHILDREN; VIRUSES; PANEL; RP AB Aims To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the BioFire Diagnostics FilmArray (R) system in combination with their Biothreat Panel for the detection of Bacillus anthracis (Ba), Francisella tularensis (Ft) and Yersinia pestis (Yp) DNA, and demonstrate the detection of Ba spores. Methods and Results DNA samples from Ba, Ft and Yp strains and near-neighbours, and live Ba spores were analysed using the FilmArray (R) Biothreat Panel, a multiplexed PCR-based assay for 17 pathogens and toxins. Sensitivity studies with DNA indicate that the limit of detection is 250 genome equivalents (GEs) per sample or lower. Furthermore, the identification of Ft, Yp or Bacillus species was made in 63 of 72 samples tested at 25 GE or less. With samples containing 25 CFU of Ba Sterne spores, at least one of the two possible Ba markers was identified in all samples tested. We observed no cross-reactivity with near-neighbour DNAs. Conclusions Our results indicate that the FilmArray (R) Biothreat Panel is a sensitive and selective assay for detecting the genetic signatures of Ba, Ft and Yp. Significance and Impact of the Study The FilmArray (R) platform is a complete sample-to-answer system, combining sample preparation, PCR and data analysis. This system is particularly suited for biothreat testing where samples need to be analysed for multiple biothreats by operators with limited training. C1 [Seiner, D. R.; Colburn, H. A.; Baird, C.; Bartholomew, R. A.; Straub, T.; Victry, K.; Hutchison, J. R.; Valentine, N.; Bruckner-Lea, C. J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Biol Signature Sci Grp, Natl Secur Directorate, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Bruckner-Lea, CJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Biol Signature Sci Grp, Natl Secur Directorate, POB 999 MS P7-50, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM cindy.bruckner-lea@pnnl.gov FU Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate [HSHQDC-08-X00843/6]; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO] FX Funding for this research was provided through contract HSHQDC-08-X00843/6 to Pacific Northwest National Laboratory by the Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC06-76RLO. This evaluation does not indicate an endorsement or adoption of this technology by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory or the United States Department of Homeland Security. The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this work. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 114 IS 4 BP 992 EP 1000 DI 10.1111/jam.12107 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 112DK UT WOS:000316572200008 PM 23279070 ER PT J AU Espy, M Matlashov, A Volegov, P AF Espy, Michelle Matlashov, Andrei Volegov, Petr TI SQUID-detected ultra-low field MRI SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); Ultra-low fields (ULFs); SQUID detection; ULF MRI ID MICROTESLA MAGNETIC-FIELDS; 132 MU-T; HUMAN BRAIN; CONCOMITANT GRADIENTS; NEURONAL-ACTIVITY; RESONANCE; MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHY; RELAXATION; TIME; NMR AB MRI remains the premier method for non-invasive imaging of soft-tissue. Since the first demonstration of ULF MRI the trend has been towards ever higher magnetic fields. This is because the signal, and efficiency of Faraday detectors, increases with ever higher magnetic fields and corresponding Larmor frequencies. Nevertheless, there are many compelling reasons to continue to explore MRI at much weaker magnetic fields, the so-called ultra-low field or (ULF) regime. In the past decade many excellent proof-of-concept demonstrations of ULF MRI have been made. These include combined MRI and magnetoencephalography, imaging in the presence of metal, unique tissue contrast, and implementation in situations where a high magnetic field is simply impractical. These demonstrations have routinely used pulsed pre-polarization (at magnetic fields from similar to 10 to 100 mT) followed by read-out in a much weaker (1-100 mu T) magnetic fields using the ultra-sensitive Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) sensor. Even with pre-polarization and SQUID detection, ULF MRI suffers from many challenges associated with lower magnetization (i.e. signal) and inherently long acquisition times compared to conventional >1 T MRI. These are fundamental limitations imposed by the low measurement and gradient fields used. In this review article we discuss some of the techniques, potential applications, and inherent challenges of ULF MRI. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Espy, Michelle; Matlashov, Andrei; Volegov, Petr] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Espy, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS D454, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM espy@lanl.gov FU Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD [20100097DR] FX This work was supported in part by the Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD #20100097DR. The authors wish to thank their colleague Dr. Jaakko Nieminen for providing us images of the MEG-MRI system. NR 66 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 43 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD APR PY 2013 VL 229 BP 127 EP 141 DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2013.02.009 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA 115VT UT WOS:000316840700013 PM 23452838 ER PT J AU Joshi, VV Lavender, C Moxon, V Duz, V Nyberg, E Weil, KS AF Joshi, Vineet V. Lavender, Curt Moxon, Vladimir Duz, Vlad Nyberg, Eric Weil, K. Scott TI Development of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-1Al-8V-5Fe Alloys Using Low-Cost TiH2 Powder Feedstock SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE low cost titanium; powder metallurgy; TiH2; Ti64; Ti185 ID TITANIUM-ALLOY; TECHNOLOGY AB Thermo-mechanical processing was performed on two titanium alloy billets, a beta-titanium alloy (Ti1Al8V5Fe) and an alpha-beta titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V), which had been produced using a novel low-cost powder metallurgy process that relies on the use of TiH2 powder as a feedstock material. The thermomechanical processing was performed in the beta region of the respective alloys to form 16-mm diameter bars. The hot working followed by the heat treatment processes not only eliminated the porosity within the materials but also developed the preferred microstructures. Tensile testing and rotating beam fatigue tests were conducted on the as-rolled and heat-treated materials to evaluate their mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of these alloys matched well with those produced by the conventional ingot processing route. C1 [Joshi, Vineet V.; Lavender, Curt; Nyberg, Eric; Weil, K. Scott] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Moxon, Vladimir; Duz, Vlad] ADMA Adv Mat, Hudson, OH 44236 USA. RP Joshi, VV (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 908 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM vineet.joshi@pnnl.gov OI Joshi, Vineet/0000-0001-7600-9317 FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Fuel Cell and Vehicle Technologies (DOE/OFCVT) Program; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC06-76RLO1830] FX The authors would like to thank the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Fuel Cell and Vehicle Technologies (DOE/OFCVT) Program for the financial support provided for this project. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO1830. The authors would like to thank Clyde E. Chamberlin, Alan L. Schemer-Kohrn, and Danny J. Edwards of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory for the metallography-related analysis. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD APR PY 2013 VL 22 IS 4 BP 995 EP 1003 DI 10.1007/s11665-012-0386-x PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 109IL UT WOS:000316360100011 ER PT J AU Piasecki, M Lakshminarayana, G Fedorchuk, AO Kushnir, OS Franiv, VA Franiv, AV Myronchuk, G Plucinski, KJ AF Piasecki, M. Lakshminarayana, G. Fedorchuk, A. O. Kushnir, O. S. Franiv, V. A. Franiv, A. V. Myronchuk, G. Plucinski, K. J. TI Temperature operated infrared nonlinear optical materials based on Tl4HgI6 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; IONIC CONDUCTORS; GLASSES; ABSORPTION; THALLIUM; CRYSTALS AB In this work, we report on the synthesis and nonlinear optical features of novel temperature operated materials based on Tl4HgI6 single crystals. Nonlinear optical, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mechanical properties of the titled crystals are studied within the temperature range 300-500 K. We have established that Tl4HgI6 single crystal show both positive and negative value of linear expansion temperature coefficient. The temperature region of rapid reduction coefficient for linear expansion is very small (only 2A degrees-5A degrees), which corresponds to occurrence of structural transformation for the Tl4HgI6 single crystal. Comparison between the temperature dependence of the photo-induced optical second harmonic generation for the fundamental 5.5 mu m wavelength is performed. We present an explanation for structural phase transition of the crystal Tl4HgI6 considering temperature changes of crystal lattice parameters and describing the transition from centrosymmetric phase P4/mnc, at ambient temperature to non-centrosymmetric P4nc at T > 458 K. The photo induced changes indicate a possibility of occurrence of intermediate non-centrosymmetry phase. Particular analysis is devoted to correlate with the temperature dependence of the DSC within the same temperature range. Physical mechanisms responsible for the observation of the dependences are given and they are based on the condensation of the soft phonon modes which are closely related with the anharmonic electron-phonon interactions responsible for the effects. C1 [Piasecki, M.] Jan Dlugosz Univ, Inst Phys, Czestochowa, Poland. [Piasecki, M.] Czestochowa Tech Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Czestochowa, Poland. [Lakshminarayana, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div MST 7, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Fedorchuk, A. O.] Lviv Natl Univ Vet Med & Biotechnol, Dept Inorgan & Organ Chem, Lvov, Ukraine. [Kushnir, O. S.; Franiv, V. A.; Franiv, A. V.] Ivan Franko Lviv Natl Univ, Dept Elect, UA-79017 Lvov, Ukraine. [Myronchuk, G.] Volyn Natl Univ, Dept Inorgan & Phys Chem, UA-43025 Lutsk, Ukraine. [Plucinski, K. J.] Mil Univ Technol, Dept Elect, PL-00908 Warsaw, Poland. RP Myronchuk, G (reprint author), Volyn Natl Univ, Dept Inorgan & Phys Chem, Voli Ave 13, UA-43025 Lutsk, Ukraine. EM galynamyronchuk@yahoo.co.uk OI Gandham, Lakshminarayana/0000-0002-1458-9368; Piasecki, Michal/0000-0003-1040-8811 FU Polish National Science Centre [2011/01/B/ST7/06194] FX This work is supported by Polish National Science Centre (under project No. 2011/01/B/ST7/06194). NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-4522 J9 J MATER SCI-MATER EL JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Electron. PD APR PY 2013 VL 24 IS 4 BP 1187 EP 1193 DI 10.1007/s10854-012-0903-6 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 113RK UT WOS:000316685300019 ER PT J AU LaMont, SP Glover, SE AF LaMont, Stephen P. Glover, Samuel E. TI MARC IX Introduction SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [LaMont, Stephen P.; Glover, Samuel E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP LaMont, SP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM lamont@lanl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2230-z PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600001 ER PT J AU Inn, KGW Johnson, CM Oldham, W Jerome, S Tandon, L Schaaff, T Jones, R Mackney, D MacKill, P Palmer, B Smith, D LaMont, S Griggs, J AF Inn, Kenneth G. W. Johnson, C. Martin, Jr. Oldham, Warren Jerome, Simon Tandon, Lav Schaaff, Thomas Jones, Robert Mackney, Daniel MacKill, Pam Palmer, Brett Smith, Donna LaMont, Stephen Griggs, John TI The urgent requirement for new radioanalytical certified reference materials for nuclear safeguards, forensics, and consequence management SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Reference materials; Metrology; Nuclear; Safeguards; Post-detonation; Detecting technologies; Consequence management AB A multi-agency workshop was held from 25 to 27 August 2009, at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), to identify and prioritize the development of radioanalytical Certified Reference Materials (CRMs, generally provided by National Metrology Institutes; Standard Reference Materials, a CRM issued by NIST) for field and laboratory nuclear measurement methods to be used to assess the consequences of a domestic or international nuclear event. Without these CRMs, policy makers concerned with detecting proliferation and trafficking of nuclear materials, attribution and retribution following a nuclear event, and public health consequences of a nuclear event would have difficulty making decisions based on analytical data that would stand up to scientific, public, and judicial scrutiny. The workshop concentrated on three areas: post-incident Improvised Nuclear Device (IND) nuclear forensics, safeguard materials characterization, and consequence management for an IND or a Radiological Dispersion Device detonation scenario. The workshop identified specific CRM requirements to fulfill the needs for these three measurement communities. Of highest priority are: (1) isotope dilution mass spectrometry standards, specifically U-233, Np-236g, Pu-244, and Am-243, used for quantitative analysis of the respective elements that are in critically short supply and in urgent need of replenishment and certification; (2) CRMs that are urgently needed for post-detonation debris analysis of actinides and fission fragments, and (3) CRMs used for destructive and nondestructive analyses for safeguards measurements, and radioisotopes of interest in environmental matrices. C1 [Inn, Kenneth G. W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Johnson, C. Martin, Jr.] USAF, San Antonio, TX USA. [Oldham, Warren; Tandon, Lav; Smith, Donna; LaMont, Stephen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Jerome, Simon] Natl Phys Lab, London, England. [Schaaff, Thomas] Y12 Natl Secur Complex, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Jones, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCEH, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mackney, Daniel; Griggs, John] US EPA, NAREL, Montgomery, AL USA. [MacKill, Pam] US FDA, WEAC, Winchester, MA USA. [Palmer, Brett] Navarro Res & Engn Inc, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Inn, KGW (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM kenneth.inn@nist.gov OI Oldham, Warren/0000-0002-0997-2653 NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 5 EP 22 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-1972-y PG 18 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600003 ER PT J AU Mincher, BJ Precek, M Mezyk, SP Martin, LR Paulenova, A AF Mincher, Bruce J. Precek, Martin Mezyk, Stephen P. Martin, Leigh R. Paulenova, Alena TI The role of oxidizing radicals in neptunium speciation in gamma-irradiated nitric acid SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Free radicals; Neptunium; Nitrous acid; Radiation chemistry; Redox chemistry ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; REACTIVITY; KINETICS AB The irradiation of aqueous nitric acid solutions generates transient, reactive species that are known to oxidize neptunium. However, nitrous acid is also a long-lived product of nitric acid irradiation, which reduces neptunium. When we irradiated nitric acid solutions of neptunium and measured its speciation by UV/Vis spectroscopy, we found that at short irradiation times, oxidation of Np(V) to Np(VI) occurred due to reactions with radicals such as (OH)-O-aEuro cent, (NO3)-N-aEuro cent and (NO2)-N-aEuro cent. However, at higher absorbed doses and after a sufficient amount of nitrous acid was produced, reduction of Np(VI) to Np(V) began to occur, eventually reaching an equilibrium distribution of these species depending on nitric acid concentration. Neptunium(IV) was not produced. C1 [Mincher, Bruce J.; Martin, Leigh R.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Precek, Martin; Paulenova, Alena] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Mezyk, Stephen P.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90820 USA. RP Mincher, BJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM bruce.mincher@inl.gov RI Precek, Martin/G-5648-2014; Martin, Leigh/P-3167-2016; Mincher, Bruce/C-7758-2017 OI Precek, Martin/0000-0002-5790-5543; Martin, Leigh/0000-0001-7241-7110; FU INL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program, under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517] FX Work supported through the INL Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program, under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 27 EP 30 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-1937-1 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600005 ER PT J AU Zhang, WH Friese, J Ungar, K AF Zhang, Weihua Friese, Judah Ungar, Kurt TI The ambient gamma dose-rate and the inventory of fission products estimations with the soil samples collected at Canadian embassy in Tokyo during Fukushima nuclear accident SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Radionuclide inventory of soil; Fukushima nuclear accident; Alpha spectrometry; Gamma spectrometry; Fission products and actinide AB In this study, soil samples were collected at Canadian embassy in Tokyo (about 300 km from Fukushima) on 23 March and 23 May of 2011 for purposes of estimating concentrations of radionuclides in fallout, the total fallout inventory, the depth distribution of radionuclide of interest and the elevated ambient gamma dose-rate at this limited location. Some fission products and actinides were analyzed using gamma-ray spectrometry, alpha spectrometry and liquid scintillation counting. The elevated activity concentration levels of I-131, I-132, Cs-134, Cs-137, Cs-136, Te-132, (129)mTe, Te-129, Ba-140 and La-140 were measured by the gamma-ray spectrometer in the first sample collected on 23 March. Two months after the accident, the Cs-134 and Cs-137 became only detectable nuclides. A mass relaxation depth of 3.0 g/cm(2) was determined by the activities on the depth distribution of Cs-137 in a soil core. The total fallout inventory was thus calculated as 225 kBq/m(2) on March sampling date and 25 kBq/m(2) on May sampling date. The ambient gamma dose-rates in the sampling area estimated by the fallout fission products inventory and Cs-137 depth distribution ranged from 184 to 38 nGy/h. There was no detectable americium or plutonium in the soil samples by alpha spectrometry. Although Sr-90 or Sr-89 were detected supposedly as a result of this accident, it was less than the detection limit, which was about 0.4 Bq/kg in the soil samples. C1 [Zhang, Weihua; Ungar, Kurt] Hlth Canada, Radiat Protect Bur, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada. [Friese, Judah] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Zhang, WH (reprint author), Hlth Canada, Radiat Protect Bur, Address Locator 6302D1, Ottawa, ON K1A 1C1, Canada. EM weihua.zhang@hc-sc.gc.ca; judah.friese@pnnl.gov; kurt.ungar@hc-sc.gc.ca NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 69 EP 73 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2040-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600012 ER PT J AU Sweet, LE Blake, TA Henager, CH Hu, SY Johnson, TJ Meier, DE Peper, SM Schwantes, JM AF Sweet, Lucas E. Blake, Thomas A. Henager, Charles H., Jr. Hu, Shenyang Johnson, Timothy J. Meier, David E. Peper, Shane M. Schwantes, Jon M. TI Investigation of the polymorphs and hydrolysis of uranium trioxide SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Uranium trioxide; Uranium oxide; X-ray diffraction; Raman spectroscopy; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Uranium oxide hydrolysis ID RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; PEROXIDE; UO3; DECOMPOSITION; DIFFRACTION; SCHOEPITE; CARBONATE; SPECTRA; SYSTEM AB This work focuses on the polymorphic nature of the UO3 and UO3-H2O system, which are important materials associated with the nuclear fuel cycle. The UO3-water system is complex and has not been fully characterized, even though these species are key fuel cycle materials. Powder X-ray diffraction, and Raman and fluorescence spectroscopies were used to characterize both the several polymorphic forms of UO3 and the certain UO3-hydrolysis products for the purpose of developing predictive capabilities and estimating process history; for example, polymorphic phases of unknown origin. Specifically, we have investigated three industrially relevant production pathways of UO3 and discovered a previously unknown low temperature route to the production of beta-UO3. Several phases of UO3, its hydrolysis products, and key starting materials were synthesized and characterized as pure materials to establish optical spectroscopic signatures for these compounds for forensic analysis. C1 [Sweet, Lucas E.; Blake, Thomas A.; Henager, Charles H., Jr.; Hu, Shenyang; Johnson, Timothy J.; Meier, David E.; Peper, Shane M.; Schwantes, Jon M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Sweet, LE (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM lucas.sweet@pnnl.gov OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803; HU, Shenyang/0000-0002-7187-3082 FU National Technical Nuclear Forensics Center (NFNFC, a department of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security); NA-22 in the National Nuclear Security Administration/Office of Nonproliferation & Verification Research and Development; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX This research was supported in part by the National Technical Nuclear Forensics Center (NFNFC, a department of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security), and was co-funded by NA-22 in the National Nuclear Security Administration/Office of Nonproliferation & Verification Research and Development. The work was conducted at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. We thank our sponsors for their support. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 44 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 105 EP 110 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2063-9 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600017 ER PT J AU Cournoyer, ME Pecos, JM Chunglo, SD Bonner, C Maez, RJ AF Cournoyer, M. E. Pecos, J. M. Chunglo, S. D. Bonner, C. Maez, R. J. TI Pulse tube refrigeration for detectors SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Mechanical cooler; Cryogen; HPGe detectors; NDA; Hazard elimination ID GERMANIUM; GAP AB High purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray detectors are used for nondestructive assay. Liquid nitrogen (LN2), a cryogen, is commonly used to cool these detectors. Cryogen use is associated with several health risks and operational problems. This has prompted the development of cryogen-free refrigeration. A new generation of commercial pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) has been developed during the last decade. A unique feature of the PTR is the absence of cold moving parts. This significantly reduces the generated noise and vibration. In the following report, LN2, a modified Joule-Thompson cooler, and a PTR unit are examined and their cooling effectiveness with HPGe gamma-ray detectors compared. Overall, PTR is an engineering equivalent to LN2 and modified Joule-Thompson cooler systems used in gamma spectroscopy and eliminate the health and physical hazards associated with LN2 systems without adding hazards. C1 [Cournoyer, M. E.; Pecos, J. M.; Bonner, C.; Maez, R. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Chunglo, S. D.] CANBERRA Ind, Meriden, CT 06450 USA. RP Cournoyer, ME (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mec@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; LANL's Plutonium Science Manufacturing; Environment, Safety, Health, and Quality; Nuclear and High Hazard Operations directorates FX The authors would like to acknowledge the U.S. Department of Energy and LANL's Plutonium Science & Manufacturing; Environment, Safety, Health, and Quality; and Nuclear and High Hazard Operations directorates for support of this work. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 111 EP 115 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2002-9 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600018 ER PT J AU Bounds, JA Goda, JM Myers, WL Rose, EA Sanchez, RG AF Bounds, J. A. Goda, J. M. Myers, W. L. Rose, E. A. Sanchez, R. G. TI Use of a COTS X-ray scanner for 2-D neutron activation analysis SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Neutron activation; Scanner; Storage phosphor; 2-D AB Results from the use of a commercial, off-the-shelf X-ray scanner using storage phosphors to measure neutron activation in 1- and 2-D are presented. The technique consists of irradiating thin foils or wires of various elements, then placing the activated material on the storage phosphors to expose them. The amount of exposure is proportional to the activation obtained. Examples of wires, small foils, and large area foils with asymmetric irradiation using critical assemblies are presented. Combined with isotope-specific gamma counting of the entire foil or wire, the technique offers a simple way to obtain both qualitative and quantitative 2-D activation information. C1 [Bounds, J. A.; Goda, J. M.; Myers, W. L.; Rose, E. A.; Sanchez, R. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Bounds, JA (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS B228,Grp NEN 2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM jbounds@lanl.gov FU US DOE Nuclear Criticality Safety Program; [NA-82] FX This work was supported by the US DOE Nuclear Criticality Safety Program and NA-82. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 125 EP 128 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2022-5 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600020 ER PT J AU Kehl, SR Hamilton, TF Simpson, AE Freitas, GD AF Kehl, S. R. Hamilton, T. F. Simpson, A. E. Freitas, G. D. TI Website application for calculating cesium-137 ingestion doses from consumption of locally grown foods in the Marshall Islands SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Web application for calculating ingestion doses from cesium-137; Republic of the Marshall Islands; Bikini Atoll; Enewetak Atoll; Rongelap Atoll; Utrok Atoll; Cs-137; Coconut; Pandanus fruit; Breadfruit ID NUCLEAR TEST-SITE; CS-137 AB Fallout deposition from the US nuclear weapons test program at Bikini and Enewetak Atolls (1946-1958) resulted in widespread nuclear fallout contamination of the northern Marshall Islands. About 85-90 % of the nuclear test-related dose delivered to resident populations is derived from ingestion of cesium-137 (Cs-137) contained in locally grown tree-crop food products. The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has developed a series of interactive internet applications to provide the public with an open access platform to learn more about radiological conditions in the Marshall Islands. The ingestion dose calculator application described here is one such feature whereby users can calculate hypothetical ingestion doses from Cs-137 based on interactive user input matched to environmental data on the activity concentration of Cs-137 contained in food plants such as coconut, breadfruit, Pandanus, and arrowroot. Users are asked to enter a date, an island and atoll location, a plant food type, and a daily intake amount (highlighted by the number of portions eaten per day in estimated gram equivalents). The application computes the user daily dose and the user equivalent annualized dose, and then compares the results with default settings based on dietary models developed for the Marshall Islands from independent dietary surveys. The default diets are based on a local plus imported food diet (or IA diet model) and an imported foods unavailable diet (or IUA diet model). Environmental data are decay corrected to the date entered by the user using an effective half-life of Cs-137 of 8.5 years (http://marshallislands.llnl.gov). C1 [Kehl, S. R.; Hamilton, T. F.; Simpson, A. E.; Freitas, G. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hamilton, TF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM kehl1@llnl.gov; hamilton18@llnl.gov; Simpson42@llnl.gov; Freitas21@llnl.gov FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48, DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Office of Health and Safety, US Department of Energy FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in part under Contract W-7405-Eng-48 and in part under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. We thank our partners at the Office of Health and Safety, US Department of Energy for financial support, and the leadership of the four affected atolls in the Marshall Islands for helpful discussions and interaction. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 203 EP 207 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2153-8 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600032 ER PT J AU Peters, SKG Kehl, SR Martinelli, RE Tamblin, MW Hamilton, TF AF Peters, S. K. G. Kehl, S. R. Martinelli, R. E. Tamblin, M. W. Hamilton, T. F. TI Distribution of cesium-137 in tree crop products collected from residence islands impacted by the U.S. nuclear test program in the northern Marshall Islands SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Atmospheric nuclear weapons testing; Bikini Atoll; Enewetak Atoll; Marshall Islands; Cs-137 activity concentration; Coconut; Pandanus; Breadfruit ID TEST-SITE; CS-137; ATOLLS AB The Marshall Islands Program at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has completed a series of radiological surveys at Bikini, Rongelap, UtrAik, and Enewetak Atolls in the Marshall Islands designed to take a representative sample of food supplies with emphasis on determining Cs-137 activity concentrations in common food plants. Coconuts (Cocos nucifera L.) are the most common and abundant food plant, and provided a common sample type to characterize the level and variability of activity concentrations of Cs-137 in plant foods collected from different islands and atolls. Other dominant food types included Pandanus (Pandanus spp.) and breadfruit (Actocarpus spp.). In general, the activity concentration of Cs-137 in food plants was found to decrease significantly between the main residence islands on Bikini, Rongelap, UtrAik, and Enewetak Atolls. The mean activity concentration of Cs-137 measured in drinking coconut meat and juice was 0.72 (95 % CI 0.68-0.77) and 0.34 (95 % CI 0.30-0.38) Bq g(-1), respectively, on Bikini Island; 0.019 (95 % CI 0.017-0.021) and 0.027 (95 % CI 0.023-0.031) Bq g(-1), respectively, on Rongelap Island; 0.010 (95 % CI 0.007-0.013) and 0.007 (95 % CI 0.004-0.009) Bq g(-1), respectively, on UtrAik Island; and 0.002 (95 % CI 0.0013-0.0024) and 0.002 (95 % CI 0.001-0.0025) Bq g(-1), respectively, on Enewetak Island. High levels of variability are reported across all islands. These results will be used to improve the accuracy and reliability of predictive dose assessments, help characterize levels of uncertainty and variability in activity concentrations of fallout radionuclides in plant foods, and allow atoll communities to make informed decisions about resettlement and possible options for cleanup and rehabilitation of islands and atolls. C1 [Peters, S. K. G.; Kehl, S. R.; Martinelli, R. E.; Tamblin, M. W.; Hamilton, T. F.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Hamilton, TF (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM peters25@llnl.gov; kehl1@llnl.gov; martinelli2@llnl.gov; tamblin1@llnl.gov; hamilton18@llnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48, DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in part under Contract W-7405-Eng-48 and in part under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 209 EP 214 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2139-6 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600033 ER PT J AU Metzger, RL Eckerman, KF AF Metzger, Robert L. Eckerman, Keith F. TI The case for fractional solubility profiles SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Bioassay; Internal dosimetry; Solubility profiles AB Default values for the solubility of various compounds in the lung are provided in publications of the International Commission on Radiological Protection as absorption types to characterizes the potential uptake of radionuclides to blood. The default assignments are conservative and reflect compounds likely to be encountered in the workplace. In practice, solubility profiles for many compounds, both natural and man-made, are complex, with a fraction of the compound in each absorption type, denoted as F, M, or S. Only soluble compounds of tritium and iodine can be reasonably assumed to be of one absorption type. The assumption of a single absorption type for airborne distributions of solid particulate matter can introduce order of magnitude errors in internal dosimetry calculations. The problem is particularly acute for isotopes with dual toxicity (e.g. uranium which is both nephrotoxic and radiotoxic), and when a dose estimate must be derived with only a single bioassay measurement. For inhalation exposures during an accident, treatment decisions frequently must be made quickly to be effective. While much work has been done to develop rapid bioassay methods that will provide data in a clinically useable timeframe, little consideration has been given to the magnitude of the error in the dose estimate resulting from the assumption of the default solubility profiles. C1 [Metzger, Robert L.] Radiat Safety Engn Inc, Chandler, AZ 85225 USA. [Eckerman, Keith F.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Metzger, RL (reprint author), Radiat Safety Engn Inc, 3245 North Washington St, Chandler, AZ 85225 USA. EM rlmetzger@radsafe.com NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 227 EP 231 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-1973-x PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600036 ER PT J AU Graham, J Biegalski, S Bucholtz, B AF Graham, Joseph Biegalski, Stephen Bucholtz, Bruce TI Preparation of radio-Sm by neutron activation for accelerator mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Neutron activation; AMS; Sm; Nuclear forensics; Mass spectrometry; BURN AB Field measurement of isotopic ratios may be used to fingerprint an element's origin, be it from commercial power, industrial, medical or historical weapons fallout. Samples of samarium radionuclides were prepared by neutron activation for subsequent analysis using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). High purity samarium (III) oxide powder was irradiated in the University of Texas at Austin TRIGA reactor to a total neutron fluence of 5 x 10(15) cm(-2). An initial determination of the isotopic ratios was made using activation calculations with a BURN card in an MCNPX-based model of the TRIGA core. Experimental validation of the MCNP results was achieved by analyzing gamma spectra of the irradiated oxide powers after irradiation. Subsequent measurement of Sm-151 will be conducted at the CAMS facility at LLNL demonstrating the first measurement of this isotope at this facility. C1 [Graham, Joseph; Biegalski, Stephen] Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78758 USA. [Bucholtz, Bruce] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Graham, J (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, 10100 Burnet Rd Bldg 159, Austin, TX 78758 USA. EM joe.t.graham@gmail.com FU Department of Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-08-1-0032]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors would like to thank Department of Defense Threat Reduction Agency Grant #HDTRA1-08-1-0032 for support of this work. In addition, the authors appreciate the staff at the Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory at the University of Texas at Austin for operational and experimental support. This work was performed in part under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 233 EP 236 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-1953-1 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600037 ER PT J AU Xu, N Tandon, L Gallimore, D Lujan, E Porterfield, DR Colletti, L Kuhn, K AF Xu, N. Tandon, L. Gallimore, D. Lujan, E. Porterfield, D. R. Colletti, L. Kuhn, K. TI Dissolution and assay of neptunium oxide SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Neptunium oxide; Neptunium assay; Controlled potential coulometry; Gas proportional; Counting/alpha spectrometry; Gamma spectrometry; ICP-MS; ID-ICP-MS ID ICP-MS; SPECTROMETRY; EXTRACTION; PLUTONIUM; NP-237 AB A case study for dissolution and assay of neptunium oxide is presented in this paper. A simple analytical method for completely dissolving neptunium oxide is described. Addition of 12 M HNO3 is sufficient to dissolve neptunium oxide without precipitate formation. Various analytical chemistry methods were evaluated for neptunium assay including controlled potential coulometry, gas proportional counting/alpha spectrometry, gamma spectrometry using a high purity germanium detector, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and isotope dilution-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The precision and uncertainty of each analytical method is discussed. C1 [Xu, N.; Tandon, L.; Gallimore, D.; Lujan, E.; Porterfield, D. R.; Colletti, L.; Kuhn, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Xu, N (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ningxu@lanl.gov NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 245 EP 249 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-1947-z PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600039 ER PT J AU Horne, S Jackman, KR Landsberger, S AF Horne, S. Jackman, K. R. Landsberger, S. TI Comparison of background gamma-ray spectra between Los Alamos, New Mexico and Austin, Texas SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Gamma-ray spectroscopy; Background; Elevation; Clover; Compton suppression; High-purity germanium detector; HPGe; Nuclear forensics; Naturally occurring radioactive materials; NORM; Inelastic neutron scattering; Cosmic neutrons ID SPECTROMETRY AB Background counts in gamma-ray spectrometry are caused by a variety of sources. Among these are naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) in the environment, interactions from cosmic radiation, and contamination within the laboratory. High-purity germanium detectors were used to acquire long background spectra in Los Alamos, NM (elevation similar to 7,300 feet) and Austin, TX (elevation similar to 500 feet). This difference in elevation has a sizeable effect on background spectra due to cosmic interactions, such as (n,n') and (n,gamma). Los Alamos also has a fairly high NORM concentration in the soil relative to Austin, and this gives way to various spectral interferences. When analyzing nuclear forensics samples, these background sources can have non-trivial effects on detection limits of low-level fission products. By accurately determining the influence that elevation and environment have on background spectra, interferences within various laboratory environments can be more accurately characterized. C1 [Horne, S.; Landsberger, S.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78759 USA. [Horne, S.; Jackman, K. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Horne, S (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78759 USA. EM stevehorne@utexas.edu; jackman@lanl.gov; s.landsberger@mail.utexas.edu FU US Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office; US Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency FX This research was performed under the Nuclear Forensics Graduate Fellowship Program, which is sponsored by the US Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office and the US Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency. We would also like to thank the staff at the Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory for the upkeep of the equipment used there, as well as Bob Rundberg and the Countroom and Radiochemistry teams at Los Alamos for their support on this project. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 349 EP 355 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2092-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600057 ER PT J AU Carney, KP Horkley, JJ McGrath, CA Edwards, AJ Davies, JE Knighton, GC Sommers, JD Giglio, JJ AF Carney, K. P. Horkley, J. J. McGrath, C. A. Edwards, A. J. Davies, J. E. Knighton, G. C. Sommers, J. D. Giglio, J. J. TI Advancement of isotope separation for the production of reference standards SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Isotope dilution mass spectrometry; Mass separator; Barium isotopes ID DILUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ION SOURCE AB Idaho National Laboratory (INL) operates a mass separator that is currently producing high purity isotopes for use as internal standards for high precision isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS). In 2008, INL began the revival of the vintage 1970s era instrument. Advancements thus far include the successful upgrading and development of system components such as the vacuum system, power supplies, ion-producing components, and beam detection equipment. Progress has been made in the separation and collection of isotopic species including those of Ar, Kr, Xe, Sr, and Ba. Particular focuses on ion source improvements and developments have proven successful with demonstrated output beam currents of over 10 mu A Ba-138 and 350 nA Ba-134 from a natural abundance Ba source charge (similar to 2.4 % Ba-134). In order to increase production and collection of relatively high quantities (mg levels) of pure isotopes, several improvements have been made in ion source designs, source material introduction, and ion detection and collection. These improvements have produced isotopes of high purity (> 98 %) and in quantities in the tens of micrograms per run. The instrument and results for pure isotope production for IDMS standards will be presented. C1 [Carney, K. P.; Horkley, J. J.; McGrath, C. A.; Edwards, A. J.; Davies, J. E.; Knighton, G. C.; Sommers, J. D.; Giglio, J. J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. RP Horkley, JJ (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625,MS-6180, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM kevin.carney@inl.gov; jared.horkley@inl.gov; christopher.mcgrath@inl.gov; andrew.edwards@inl.gov; jacob.davies@inl.gov; gaven.knighton@inl.gov; james.sommers@inl.gov; jeffrey.giglio@inl.gov RI McGrath, Christopher/E-8995-2013; OI Giglio, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0877-927X NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 383 EP 387 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2149-4 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600063 ER PT J AU Willingham, D Savina, MR Knight, KB Pellin, MJ Hutcheon, ID AF Willingham, David Savina, Michael R. Knight, Kim B. Pellin, Michael J. Hutcheon, Ian D. TI RIMS analysis of ion induced fragmentation of molecules sputtered from an enriched U3O8 matrix SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Resonance ionization; Mass spectrometry; Uranium; Cluster ions; Useful yield ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; KINETIC-ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS; CLUSTER BOMBARDMENT; URANIUM PARTICLES; ISOTOPE RATIOS; CROSS-SECTIONS; PLUTONIUM; DESORPTION; RESOLUTION; EMISSION AB Resonance ionization mass spectrometry was used to measure the composition of the sputtered flux from 15 keV Ga+, Au+, Au-2 (+) and Au-3 (+) primary ions impacting a U-235 enriched U3O8 standard. We demonstrate that molecular fragmentation decreases as the primary ion mass and nuclearity increases. Stopping and range of ions in matter calculations show that cluster ions (Au-2 (+) and Au-3 (+)) deposit more of their energy via direct knock-ons with near-surface target atoms, whereas monatomic ions (Ga+ and Au+) penetrate much deeper into the target sub-surface region. We correlate these results to the experimental observations by showing that increased cluster ion sputter yields partition the projectile energy over a larger number of sputtered molecules. Therefore, while cluster ions deposit more total energy into the near surface region of the target compared to monatomic ions, the energy per molecule decreases with projectile mass and nuclearity. Less energy per molecule decreases the number of U-O bond breaks and, consequently, leads to a decrease in molecular fragmentation. Additionally, the extent of molecular fragmentation as a function of ion dose was evaluated. We show that molecular fragmentation increases with increased ion dose; primarily as a result of sub-surface chemical damage accumulation. The relative intensity of this effect appears to be projectile independent. C1 [Willingham, David; Savina, Michael R.; Pellin, Michael J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Knight, Kim B.; Hutcheon, Ian D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Willingham, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM davidgwillingham@gmail.com RI Pellin, Michael/B-5897-2008; OI Pellin, Michael/0000-0002-8149-9768; Willingham, David/0000-0002-7166-8994 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Material Sciences and Engineering [DEAC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory through Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344, 10-SI-016]; Department of Energy Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development; U.S. Department of Homeland Security [LLNL-JRNL-551175] FX The sputtering experiments and SRIM calculations were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Material Sciences and Engineering under award number DEAC02-06CH11357 (D. G. W., M. R. S., and M.J.P). Sample preparation and assistance with some of the sputtering experiments was supported under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (K. B. K. and I. D. H.) through Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at LLNL (project 10-SI-016), as well as with support from the Department of Energy Office of Nonproliferation Research and Development and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, LLNL-JRNL-551175. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 407 EP 412 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2028-z PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600067 ER PT J AU Myers, SC Tandon, L Porterfield, DR Spencer, KJ Thomas, MR Martinez, PT AF Myers, Steven C. Tandon, Lav Porterfield, Donivan R. Spencer, Khalil J. Thomas, Mariam R. Martinez, Patrick T. TI Gamma spectrometer measurements of microgram quantities of plutonium using uranium L X-rays in the 13-21 keV region SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Marple cascade impactor; Plutonium; Americium-241; X-ray fluorescence; Gamma ray spectrometry; Thermal ionization mass spectrometry ID EMISSION AB Nineteen groups of Marple series cascade impact filters were used to collect aerosol particles associated with various operations in plutonium glove boxes. The cascade impactor separated particles based upon size, while the total mass of plutonium deposited on the filters ranged from 10(-4) to 10(-8) g. Gamma spectrometer measurements with an n-type high-purity germanium detector (HPGe) were performed with the goal of accurately quantifying the Pu-239 mass on each filter using counts from the uranium L X-rays in the 13-21 keV region. However, the mass was great enough in some of the measurements to also quantify using the Pu-239 gamma ray at 129.29 keV. One-half portions of each filter were also analyzed using thermal ionization mass spectroscopy (TIMS) and comparisons between the two methods were performed. A significant challenge was to find a calibration source with very low self-absorption characteristics so that the detector response to the low-energy X-rays could be properly characterized. This was accomplished by doping an actual Marple filter with a small NIST traceable quantity of Pu-239 (7.3 mu g). The comparison of gamma spectrometry to TIMS results yielded largely favorable results. Some notable sources of measurement bias beyond counting statistics were uncovered in the process. The particle distributions on the filters were not perfectly symmetrical, and since the TIMS analyses were performed on just one-half of a filter, a significant difference could result. Replicate filter gamma measurements revealed potential biases in the reproducibility of sample geometry, and high concentrations of Am-241 appeared to cause L-shell X-ray fluorescence effects in two of the filter sets. C1 [Myers, Steven C.; Tandon, Lav; Porterfield, Donivan R.; Spencer, Khalil J.; Thomas, Mariam R.; Martinez, Patrick T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Myers, SC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663,MS B228, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM smyers@lanl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 429 EP 434 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2150-y PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600071 ER PT J AU Mathew, KJ Singleton, GL Essex, RM Hasozbek, A Orlowicz, G Soriano, M AF Mathew, K. J. Singleton, G. L. Essex, R. M. Hasozbek, A. Orlowicz, G. Soriano, M. TI Characterization of uranium isotopic abundances in depleted uranium metal assay standard 115 SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Depleted uranium; Certified reference materials; Thermal ionization mass spectrometry; Isotope-amount ratios AB Certified reference material (CRM) 115, Uranium (Depleted) Metal (Uranium Assay Standard), was analyzed using a TRITON Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometer to characterize the uranium isotope-amount ratios. The certified U-235/U-238 "major" isotope-amount ratio of 0.0020337 (12) in CRM 115 was determined using the total evaporation (TE) and the modified total evaporation (MTE) analytical techniques. In the MTE method, the total evaporation process is interrupted on a regular basis to allow correction of background from peak tailing, internal calibration of the secondary electron multiplier detector versus the Faraday cups, peak-centering, and ion source re-focusing. For the "minor" U-234/U-238 and U-236/U-238 isotope-amount ratio measurements using MTE, precision and accuracy comparable to conventional analyses are achieved, without compromising the quality of the U-235/U-238 isotope-amount ratios. Characterized values of the U-234/U-238 and U-236/U-238 isotope-amount ratios in CRM 115 are 0.000007545 (10) and 0.000032213 (84), respectively. The U-233/U-238 isotope-amount ratio in CRM 115 is estimated to be < 5 x 10(-9). The homogeneity of the CRM 115 materials is established through the absence of any statistically significant unit-to-unit variation in the uranium isotope-amount ratios. The measurements leading to the certification of uranium isotope-amount ratios are discussed. C1 [Mathew, K. J.; Singleton, G. L.; Essex, R. M.; Hasozbek, A.; Orlowicz, G.; Soriano, M.] US DOE, NBL, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Mathew, KJ (reprint author), US DOE, NBL, 9800 S Cass Ave,Bldg 350, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM kattathu.mathew@ch.doe.gov RI Hasozbek, Altug/A-8788-2010 OI Hasozbek, Altug/0000-0001-8846-0412 NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 435 EP 440 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2060-z PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600072 ER PT J AU Wegener, MR Mathew, KJ Hasozbek, A AF Wegener, Michael R. Mathew, Kattathu J. Hasozbek, Altug TI The direct total evaporation (DTE) method for TIMS analysis SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Total evaporation; Thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS); Isotope-amount ratios; MAT 261/MAT 262 ID URANIUM AB The total evaporation (TE) method is an established analytical method for safeguards measurements of uranium and plutonium isotope-amount ratios using thermal ionization mass spectrometry. As fractionation effects are minimized in this analytical method, it is a method of choice in many practical applications that require high accuracy and precision isotope abundance ratio measurements. The speed of signal regulation is a critical parameter for a steady sample evaporation process. Standard TE methods use the data system to read the ion signal and its difference from the target intensity is used to determine the increment in which the filament is heated. The new, hardware-driven proprietary direct total evaporation method uses an analog regulator in the filament power supply with direct feedback of the detector intensity. Only target values are set by the data system initially. The filament heating and sample evaporation process is then carried out by the hardware. The data system just monitors, collects, and calculates the data. Due to the nature of electronic regulation the ion signal is kept stable for the duration of the run until the whole sample is consumed. For routine uranium isotopic analyses of the major isotope-amount ratio n(U-235)/n(U-238) using a modified MAT261 instrument with SPECTROMAT (TM) hardware and software upgrades, precision (relative standard deviation, expressed as a percent) and accuracy (relative difference, expressed as a percent) of 0.05 % are obtained for low enriched and high enriched uranium certified reference materials. C1 [Wegener, Michael R.] Spectromat Gmbh, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. [Mathew, Kattathu J.; Hasozbek, Altug] US DOE, NBL, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Wegener, MR (reprint author), Spectromat Gmbh, Wiener Str 3, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. EM contact@spectromat.de RI Hasozbek, Altug/A-8788-2010 OI Hasozbek, Altug/0000-0001-8846-0412 NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 441 EP 445 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2182-3 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600073 ER PT J AU Hasozbek, A Mathew, KJ Orlowicz, G Hui, N Srinivasan, B Soriano, M Narayanan, U AF Hasozbek, A. Mathew, K. J. Orlowicz, G. Hui, N. Srinivasan, B. Soriano, M. Narayanan, U. TI Uranium isotope dilution mass spectrometry using NBL certified reference materials as spikes SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Isotope dilution mass spectrometry; Spike; Uranium concentration; Certified reference material; CRM 112-A; CRM 115 AB The isotope dilution mass spectrometry method of analysis is used to determine the elemental uranium contents in a wide variety of uranium bearing materials. The method is based on the mass spectrometric analysis of a mixture prepared by diluting the sample to be analyzed with a spike of distinctly different isotopic composition to that of the sample. In this work, a beginning is made to identify suitable candidates among the multitude of certified reference materials (CRMs) available at the New Brunswick Laboratory to supplant the use of U-233 which remains now as the preferred spike nuclide. The results of the study presented here identify CRM 112-A (of normal isotopic composition) and CRM 115 (depleted uranium composition) as suitable candidates to replace U-233 as spike material for determining uranium in high enriched uranium materials, and CRM 116 (U-235 mass fraction of > 90 %) for determining uranium in materials of low enrichment. C1 [Hasozbek, A.; Mathew, K. J.; Orlowicz, G.; Hui, N.; Srinivasan, B.; Soriano, M.; Narayanan, U.] US DOE, New Brunswick Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hasozbek, A (reprint author), US DOE, New Brunswick Lab, 9800 South Cass Ave,Bldg 350, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM altug.hasozbek@ch.doe.gov RI Hasozbek, Altug/A-8788-2010 OI Hasozbek, Altug/0000-0001-8846-0412 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 447 EP 451 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2050-1 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600074 ER PT J AU Biegalski, S Flory, A Haas, D Ely, J Cooper, M AF Biegalski, S. Flory, A. Haas, D. Ely, J. Cooper, M. TI SDAT implementation for the analysis of radioxenon beta-gamma coincidence spectra SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Radioxenon; beta-gamma coincidence; SDAT; Standard spectrum AB The standard deconvolution analysis tool (SDAT) was developed for analysis of radioxenon beta-gamma coincidence spectra measured as part of the international monitoring system as defined in the comprehensive nuclear-test-ban treaty. The SDAT software analyzes each beta-gamma coincidence spectrum by fitting library vectors of each radionuclide of interest: Xe-131m, Xe-133m, Xe-133, and Xe-135. Detector background and radon are incorporated as optional components of the sample solution. Results are reported in mBq m(-3). A new graphical user interface has been developed to facilitate ease of use and improve the data visualization. Automated energy versus channel calibration algorithms were developed and implemented based on Cs-137 beta-gamma coincidence spectra. Details on the user tool and testing are included. C1 [Biegalski, S.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Flory, A.; Haas, D.; Ely, J.; Cooper, M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Biegalski, S (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, 1 Univ Stn R9000, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM biegalski@mail.utexas.edu FU Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL0183/PL10-ASAR-NDD05] FX The authors would like to thank the Department of Energy for funding this project under Award no. DE-AC05-76RL0183/PL10-ASAR-NDD05. In addition, the authors would like to thank the staff at the Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory at the University of Texas at Austin for the irradiation of enriched xenon samples necessary for this work. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 471 EP 476 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2170-7 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600078 ER PT J AU Biegalski, SRF Bowyer, TW Haas, DA AF Biegalski, S. R. F. Bowyer, T. W. Haas, D. A. TI Tracers for radiopharmaceutical production facilities SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Xenon; Radiopharmaceutical; Tracer Xe-133; Xe-131m; Xe-135; Xe-133m AB When radiopharmaceutical production facilities irradiate uranium targets for the production of radionuclides such as Mo-99, the emissions interfere with the global monitoring efforts conducted by the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization. While suppressing emissions from such facilities would be ideal, it is understood that radioxenon emissions may not be reduced to levels below detectable quantities. As a result, a study was conducted to investigate tracers that may be utilized for source identification upon measurement. Both radioactive and stable tracers were evaluated. C1 [Biegalski, S. R. F.] Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Bowyer, T. W.; Haas, D. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Biegalski, SRF (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM biegalski@mail.utexas.edu FU Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC52-09NA28608]; agency of the United States Government FX This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration under Award Number DE-AC52-09NA28608. This manuscript was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation or favoring buy the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 477 EP 482 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-1967-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600079 ER PT J AU Coleman, ME Bond, EM Moody, WA Tandon, L AF Coleman, Magen E. Bond, Evelyn M. Moody, W. Allen Tandon, Lav TI The analysis of uranium-232: comparison of radiochemical techniques and an improved method by alpha spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Uranium-232; Alpha spectrometry; UTEVA; Uranium separations ID BASIC CHARACTERIZATION; GAMMA-SPECTROMETRY AB Uranium-232 is an isotope of interest for nuclear forensic studies because it can provide information on the irradiation history of a sample of uranium. The isotope is formed in uranium materials through several pathways and is typically found at ultra-trace levels (usually ng/g or smaller) in typical uranium materials. The low abundance of this isotope in irradiated materials makes it very difficult to measure accurately and precisely. Many different methods have been proposed for the analysis of U-232 using radiochemical methods including alpha and gamma spectrometry. In this paper, literature methods will be discussed and an improved method using alpha spectrometry will be presented. Alpha spectrometry offers a direct analysis technique for measuring U-232, with few interferences that can be removed via separations. Results from our improved method will be presented and compared to results obtained from a non-destructive gamma spectrometry method that utilizes an indirect measurement. LA-UR-12-20186. C1 [Coleman, Magen E.; Tandon, Lav] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Actinide Analyt Chem Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Bond, Evelyn M.; Moody, W. Allen] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Nucl & Radiochem Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Coleman, ME (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Actinide Analyt Chem Grp, MS G740,POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mcoleman@lanl.gov OI Bond, Evelyn/0000-0001-7335-4086 FU Department of Homeland Security-Domestic Nuclear Detection Office- National Technical Nuclear Forensics Center's Postdoctoral Research Program; G.T. Seaborg Institute FX The authors would like to thank the members of the Actinide Analytical Chemistry Group at LANL and the TA-48 Count Room staff for their assistance with this project. This project was funded through the Department of Homeland Security-Domestic Nuclear Detection Office- National Technical Nuclear Forensics Center's Postdoctoral Research Program and the G.T. Seaborg Institute Postdoctoral Fellows Program. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 483 EP 487 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2072-8 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600080 ER PT J AU Toste, AP Lechner-Fish, TJ Scheele, RD AF Toste, A. P. Lechner-Fish, T. J. Scheele, R. D. TI Organics in a Hanford mixed waste revisited: myriad organics and chelator fragments unmasked SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nuclear waste; Organic analysis; Chelating/complexing agents; Chelator/complexor fragments; GC/MS ID GAMMA-RADIOLYSIS; MIGRATION AB The analysis of a highly radioactive mixed waste, a double-shell slurry (DSS-1) waste from the U.S. DOE's Hanford Site, originally published in 1988, yielded only a 1.2 % accounting of its total organic content (TOC), whereas the analysis of another mixed waste yielded 94.9 %. In this report, the reanalysis of DSS-2, which was carried out immediately, but previously unpublished, using an analysis scheme specifically adapted to the waste's physicochemical properties, is described. The TOC accounting climbed to 72.3 %, unmasking a complex mixture of semivolatile and hydrophilic organics, including numerous oxidation and/or degradation products. Reevaluation of the DSS-2 data now reveals the presence of several chelator fragments, including nitrosated species. C1 [Toste, A. P.] Missouri State Univ, Dept Chem, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. [Lechner-Fish, T. J.] Gardere Wynne Sewell LLP, Houston, TX 77002 USA. [Scheele, R. D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Toste, AP (reprint author), Missouri State Univ, Dept Chem, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. EM anthonytoste@missouristate.edu FU United States Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX The authors are indebted to John Green and Gary Richardson for their work in the shielded cell. Earl Martin shared invaluable insights on the chemistry and history of the DSS waste. David Hendren operated the GC/MS system. A young Quentin Dirks helped to whip a very, very early draft of the manuscript into shape. Most of the research described in this article was originally performed at Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL), now a national lab (PNNL), which is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 523 EP 530 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2126-y PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600086 ER PT J AU Plaue, JW Klunder, GL Hutcheon, ID Czerwinski, KR AF Plaue, J. W. Klunder, G. L. Hutcheon, I. D. Czerwinski, K. R. TI Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy as a process signature in uranium oxides SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nuclear forensics; Uranium oxide; Uranium ore concentrate; Yellowcake; Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy; NIR AB Near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy was examined as a potential tool for the determination of forensic signatures indicative of the chemical process history of uranium oxides. The ability to determine the process history of nuclear materials is a desired, but underdeveloped, area of technical nuclear forensics. Application of the NIR technique potentially offers a quick and non-destructive tool to serve this need; however, few data have been published on the compounds of interest. The viability of NIR was investigated through the analysis of a combination of laboratory-derived and real-world uranium precipitates and oxides. A set of reference uranium materials was synthesized in the laboratory using the commonly encountered aqueous precipitation reactions for uranium ore concentration and chemical separation processes (ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide, ammonium carbonate, and magnesia). NIR spectra were taken on a range of samples heat treated in air between 85 and 750 A degrees C. X-ray diffraction patterns were also obtained to complement the NIR analysis with crystal phase information. Similar analyses were performed using a set of real-world samples, with process information obtained from the literature, to provide a comparison between materials synthesized in the laboratory and samples representative of industrial processes. C1 [Plaue, J. W.; Klunder, G. L.; Hutcheon, I. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Plaue, J. W.; Czerwinski, K. R.] Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Radiochem Program, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Plaue, J. W.] Def Nucl Facil Safety Board, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Plaue, JW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM plaue2@llnl.gov; Klunder1@llnl.gov; hutcheon1@llnl.gov; czerwin2@unlv.nevada.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LLNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development program [10-SI-016] FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The views and opinions of the authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government, the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board, or Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. The authors wish to thank the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board for support of continuing education and the LLNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development program (10-SI-016) for programmatic funding. [LLNL-PROC-540251]. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD APR PY 2013 VL 296 IS 1 BP 551 EP 555 DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2027-0 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA 112CM UT WOS:000316569600090 ER PT J AU Van Weverberg, K Vogelmann, AM Lin, W Luke, EP Cialella, A Minnis, P Khaiyer, M Boer, ER Jensen, MP AF Van Weverberg, K. Vogelmann, A. M. Lin, W. Luke, E. P. Cialella, A. Minnis, P. Khaiyer, M. Boer, E. R. Jensen, M. P. TI The Role of Cloud Microphysics Parameterization in the Simulation of Mesoscale Convective System Clouds and Precipitation in the Tropical Western Pacific SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID RESOLVING MODEL SIMULATIONS; CLIMATOLOGY PROJECT GPCP; MEASURING MISSION TRMM; BULK ICE SCHEME; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; OCEANIC CONVECTION; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; PART II; EXPLICIT FORECASTS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER AB This paper presents a detailed analysis of convection-permitting cloud simulations, aimed at increasing the understanding of the role of parameterized cloud microphysics in the simulation of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in the tropical western Pacific (TWP). Simulations with three commonly used bulk microphysics parameterizations with varying complexity have been compared against satellite-retrieved cloud properties. An MCS identification and tracking algorithm was applied to the observations and the simulations to evaluate the number, spatial extent, and microphysical properties of individual cloud systems. Different from many previous studies, these individual cloud systems could be tracked over larger distances because of the large TWP domain studied. The analysis demonstrates that the simulation of MCSs is very sensitive to the parameterization of microphysical processes. The most crucial element was found to be the fall velocity of frozen condensate. Differences in this fall velocity between the experiments were more related to differences in particle number concentrations than to fall speed parameterization. Microphysics schemes that exhibit slow sedimentation rates for ice aloft experience a larger buildup of condensate in the upper troposphere. This leads to more numerous and/or larger MCSs with larger anvils. Mean surface precipitation was found to be overestimated and insensitive to the microphysical schemes employed in this study. In terms of the investigated properties, the performances of complex two-moment schemes were not superior to the simpler one-moment schemes, since explicit prediction of number concentration does not necessarily improve processes such as ice nucleation, the aggregation of ice crystals into snowflakes, and their sedimentation characteristics. C1 [Van Weverberg, K.; Vogelmann, A. M.; Lin, W.; Luke, E. P.; Cialella, A.; Jensen, M. P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Van Weverberg, K.] Catholic Univ Louvain, Georges Lemaitre Ctr Earth & Climate Res TECLIM, BE-1348 Louvain, Belgium. [Minnis, P.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. [Khaiyer, M.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA. [Boer, E. R.] Entropy Control Inc, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Van Weverberg, K (reprint author), Catholic Univ Louvain, Georges Lemaitre Ctr Earth & Climate Res, Pl Louis Pasteur 3,SC10-L4-03-08, BE-1348 Louvain, Belgium. EM kwinten.vanweverberg@uclouvain.be RI Vogelmann, Andrew/M-8779-2014; Minnis, Patrick/G-1902-2010 OI Vogelmann, Andrew/0000-0003-1918-5423; Minnis, Patrick/0000-0002-4733-6148 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Brookhaven National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Science Program Atmospheric System Research (ASR); Office of Science Office of Biological and Environmental Research program [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Earth System Modeling Program via the FASTER project; ASR [DE-SC0000991/003] FX Research by Van Weverberg, Vogelmann, Lin, Luke, Cialella, and Jensen was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Brookhaven National Laboratory, the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Science Program Atmospheric System Research (ASR), an Office of Science Office of Biological and Environmental Research program, under Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886, and by the Earth System Modeling Program via the FASTER project (www.bnl.gov/esm). M. Khaiyer and P. Minnis were also supported by the ASR under Interagency Agreement DE-SC0000991/003. We kindly acknowledge the use of the NY Blue: a Blue Gene/L supercomputer that was used for the WRF simulations. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their suggestions that led to major improvements to the paper. NR 82 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 37 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 EI 1520-0469 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 70 IS 4 BP 1104 EP 1128 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0104.1 PG 25 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 118AC UT WOS:000316993700008 ER PT J AU Zhang, YY Klein, SA AF Zhang, Yunyan Klein, Stephen A. TI Factors Controlling the Vertical Extent of Fair-Weather Shallow Cumulus Clouds over Land: Investigation of Diurnal-Cycle Observations Collected at the ARM Southern Great Plains Site SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; ENTRAINMENT ZONE THICKNESS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; MIXED-LAYER; PART I; DIFFUSIVITY/MASS-FLUX; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; DEEP CONVECTION; SOIL-MOISTURE; SURFACE AB Summertime observations for 13 yr at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains site are used to study fair-weather shallow cumuli (ShCu). To roughly separate forced from active ShCu, days are categorized into "thin-" or "thick-" ShCu days according to whether the daytime-average cloud depth exceeds 300 m. By comparing diurnal-cycle composites of these two regimes, the authors document differences in cloud properties and their radiative impacts. The differences in environmental conditions provide clues as to what controls ShCu vertical extent. Higher boundary layer (BL) relative humidity (RH) is found on thick-cloud days, associated with large-scale moisture advection before sunrise. This higher BL RH not only contributes to a lower cloud base but also to the penetrating ability of an air parcel to reach higher levels, and thus leads to larger cloud vertical extent. Although not as significant as BL RH, ShCu vertical extent also varies with thermal stability and surface fluxes. Enhanced stability above cloud on thin-cloud days may limit cloud vertical extent. A larger sensible heat flux on thin-cloud days encourages greater entrainment of dry air into the BL, whereas a larger latent heat flux on thick-cloud days helps sustain higher afternoon BL RH. These heat flux differences help maintain the BL RH differences that appear to control cloud vertical extent. This study provides observational evidence that forced clouds are related to BL large-eddy overshoots limited by a stronger inversion whereas higher moisture and a weaker stability above favor active cumuli with greater vertical extent. C1 [Zhang, Yunyan; Klein, Stephen A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Zhang, YY (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Mail Code L-103,POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM zhang25@llnl.gov RI Zhang, Yunyan/F-9783-2011; Klein, Stephen/H-4337-2016 OI Klein, Stephen/0000-0002-5476-858X FU Department of Energy's Atmospheric System Research, an Office of Science, Office of Biological, and Environmental Research program; DOE [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX The authors thank Pavlos Kollias and Arunchandra Chandra for interacting with us on the vertical velocity of shallow cumuli over land through which we were led to ask what controls the thickness of shallow cumuli. The authors sincerely thank Larry Berg for providing shallow cumulus day index, Christine J. Chiu for AERONET cloud optical depth, Qilong Min for MFRSR cloud optical depth, and Shaocheng Xie, Renata McCoy, and Chuanfeng Zhao for discussions on CMBE and CRED data. The authors thank Peter Caldwell for comments on the manuscript. Data from the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility Southern Great Plains site were used. The Oklahoma Mesonet data were used. This work was supported primarily by the Department of Energy's Atmospheric System Research, an Office of Science, Office of Biological, and Environmental Research program. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is operated for the DOE by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 62 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 29 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 70 IS 4 BP 1297 EP 1315 DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0131.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 118AC UT WOS:000316993700022 ER PT J AU Liao, HX Tsao, CY Alam, SM Muldoon, M Vandergrift, N Ma, BJ Lu, XZ Sutherland, LL Scearce, RM Bowman, C Parks, R Chen, HY Blinn, JH Lapedes, A Watson, S Xia, SM Foulger, A Hahn, BH Shaw, GM Swanstrom, R Montefiori, DC Gao, F Haynes, BF Korber, B AF Liao, Hua-Xin Tsao, Chun-Yen Alam, S. Munir Muldoon, Mark Vandergrift, Nathan Ma, Ben-Jiang Lu, Xiaozhi Sutherland, Laura L. Scearce, Richard M. Bowman, Cindy Parks, Robert Chen, Haiyan Blinn, Julie H. Lapedes, Alan Watson, Sydeaka Xia, Shi-Mao Foulger, Andrew Hahn, Beatrice H. Shaw, George M. Swanstrom, Ron Montefiori, David C. Gao, Feng Haynes, Barton F. Korber, Bette TI Antigenicity and Immunogenicity of Transmitted/Founder, Consensus, and Chronic Envelope Glycoproteins of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROADLY NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; CELLULAR IMMUNE-RESPONSES; SITE-SPECIFIC ANALYSIS; HIV-1 VACCINE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; SUBTYPE-B; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; POTENT NEUTRALIZATION; DNA VACCINATION; RHESUS-MONKEYS AB Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine development requires selection of appropriate envelope (Env) immunogens. Twenty HIV-1 Env glycoproteins were examined for their ability to bind human anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and then used as immunogens in guinea pigs to identify promising immunogens. These included five Envs derived from chronically infected individuals, each representing one of five common clades and eight consensus Envs based on these five clades, as well as the consensus of the entire HIV-1 M group, and seven transmitted/founder (T/F) Envs from clades B and C. Sera from immunized guinea pigs were tested for neutralizing activity using 36 HIV-1 Env-pseudotyped viruses. All Envs bound to CD4 binding site, membrane-proximal, and V1/V2 MAbs with similar apparent affinities, although the T/F Envs bound with higher affinity to the MAb 17b, a CCR5 coreceptor binding site antibody. However, the various Envs differed in their ability to induce neutralizing antibodies. Consensus Envs elicited the most potent responses, but neutralized only a subset of viruses, including mostly easy-to-neutralize tier 1 and some more-difficult-to-neutralize tier 2 viruses. T/F Envs elicited fewer potent neutralizing antibodies but exhibited greater breadth than chronic or consensus Envs. Finally, chronic Envs elicited the lowest level and most limited breadth of neutralizing antibodies overall. Thus, each group of Env immunogens elicited a different antibody response profile. The complementary benefits of consensus and T/F Env immunogens raise the possibility that vaccines utilizing a combination of consensus and T/F Envs may be able to induce neutralizing responses with greater breadth and potency than single Env immunogens. C1 [Liao, Hua-Xin; Tsao, Chun-Yen; Alam, S. Munir; Vandergrift, Nathan; Ma, Ben-Jiang; Lu, Xiaozhi; Sutherland, Laura L.; Scearce, Richard M.; Bowman, Cindy; Parks, Robert; Chen, Haiyan; Blinn, Julie H.; Xia, Shi-Mao; Foulger, Andrew; Gao, Feng; Haynes, Barton F.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Duke Human Vaccine Inst, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Liao, Hua-Xin; Alam, S. Munir; Vandergrift, Nathan; Gao, Feng; Haynes, Barton F.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Haynes, Barton F.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Montefiori, David C.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Muldoon, Mark] Univ Manchester, Sch Math, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Lapedes, Alan; Watson, Sydeaka; Korber, Bette] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Watson, Sydeaka] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Hahn, Beatrice H.; Shaw, George M.] Univ Penn, Dept Microbiol, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Hahn, Beatrice H.; Shaw, George M.] Univ Penn, Dept Med, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Swanstrom, Ron] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Korber, Bette] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. RP Liao, HX (reprint author), Duke Univ, Sch Med, Duke Human Vaccine Inst, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM hliao@duke.edu RI Muldoon, Mark/C-7505-2009; OI Muldoon, Mark/0000-0002-5004-7195 FU Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology [U19AI067854]; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology-Immunogen Discovery of the Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH [UM1AI100645]; Vaccine Discovery Center of the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Development Program from Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1033098s] FX This study was supported by grant U19AI067854 from the Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology, by grant UM1AI100645 from the Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology-Immunogen Discovery of the Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, and by Vaccine Discovery Center of the Collaboration for AIDS Vaccine Development Program grant OPP1033098s from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 80 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 87 IS 8 BP 4185 EP 4201 DI 10.1128/JVI.02297-12 PG 17 WC Virology SC Virology GA 113MC UT WOS:000316671000006 PM 23365441 ER PT J AU Muhaxhiri, Z Deng, LS Shanker, S Sankaran, B Estes, MK Palzkill, T Song, YC Prasad, BVV AF Muhaxhiri, Zana Deng, Lisheng Shanker, Sreejesh Sankaran, Banumathi Estes, Mary K. Palzkill, Timothy Song, Yongcheng Prasad, B. V. Venkataram TI Structural Basis of Substrate Specificity and Protease Inhibition in Norwalk Virus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RHINOVIRUS 3C PROTEASE; 3C-LIKE PROTEASE; CLEAVAGE SITES; BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SERINE PROTEASES; VIRAL PROTEASE; POLYPROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION; CALICIVIRUS AB Norwalk virus (NV), the prototype human calicivirus, is the leading cause of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis. The NV protease cleaves the polyprotein encoded by open reading frame 1 of the viral genome at five nonhomologous sites, releasing six nonstructural proteins that are essential for viral replication. The structural details of how NV protease recognizes multiple substrates are unclear. In our X-ray structure of an NV protease construct, we observed that the C-terminal tail, representing the native substrate positions P5 to P1, is inserted into the active site cleft of the neighboring protease molecule, providing atomic details of how NV protease recognizes a substrate. The crystallographic structure of NV protease with the C-terminal tail redesigned to mimic P4 to P1 of another substrate site provided further structural details on how the active site accommodates sequence variations in the substrates. Based on these structural analyses, substrate-based aldehyde inhibitors were synthesized and screened for inhibition potency. Crystallographic structures of the protease in complex with each of the three most potent inhibitors were determined. These structures showed concerted conformational changes in the S4 and S2 pockets of the protease to accommodate variations in the P4 and P2 residues of the substrate/inhibitor, which could be a mechanism for how the NV protease recognizes multiple sites in the polyprotein with differential affinities during virus replication. These structures further indicate that the mechanism of inhibition by these inhibitors involves covalent bond formation with the side chain of the conserved cysteine in the active site by nucleophilic addition, and such substrate-based aldehydes could be effective protease inhibitors. C1 [Muhaxhiri, Zana; Shanker, Sreejesh; Prasad, B. V. Venkataram] Baylor Coll Med, Verna & Marrs McLean Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Deng, Lisheng; Palzkill, Timothy; Song, Yongcheng] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Estes, Mary K.; Palzkill, Timothy; Prasad, B. V. Venkataram] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Sankaran, Banumathi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley Ctr Struct Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Prasad, BVV (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Verna & Marrs McLean Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM vprasad@bcm.tmc.edu RI deng, lisheng/J-6209-2013 FU NIH [PO1 AI057788, P30DK5638]; Robert Welch Foundation [Q1279]; Caroline Wiess Law Fund for Molecular Medicine; U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science [W-31-109-Eng-38]; National Institutes of Health; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by grants from the NIH (PO1 AI057788 to M. K. E., T. P., Y.S., and B. V. V. P. and P30DK5638 to M. K. E.), the Robert Welch Foundation (Q1279 to B. V. V. P.), and the Caroline Wiess Law Fund for Molecular Medicine (to Y.S.).; The SBC-CAT 19ID beamline at Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, under contract W-31-109-Eng-38. The Berkeley Center for Structural Biology is supported in part by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 48 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 87 IS 8 BP 4281 EP 4292 DI 10.1128/JVI.02869-12 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 113MC UT WOS:000316671000014 PM 23365454 ER PT J AU Fitch, AC Olson, JB Lundquist, JK Dudhia, J Gupta, AK Michalakes, J Barstad, I Archer, CL AF Fitch, Anna C. Olson, Joseph B. Lundquist, Julie K. Dudhia, Jimy Gupta, Alok K. Michalakes, John Barstad, Idar Archer, Cristina L. TI Local and mesoscale impacts of wind farms as parameterized in a mesoscale NWP model (vol 140, pg 3017, 2012) SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Correction C1 [Fitch, Anna C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Olson, Joseph B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Olson, Joseph B.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Lundquist, Julie K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Lundquist, Julie K.; Michalakes, John] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA. [Dudhia, Jimy] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Gupta, Alok K.; Barstad, Idar] Uni Res, Bergen, Norway. [Archer, Cristina L.] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE USA. RP Fitch, AC (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM fitch@ucar.edu RI Dudhia, Jimy/B-1287-2008; Archer, Cristina/H-3105-2013 OI Dudhia, Jimy/0000-0002-2394-6232; Archer, Cristina/0000-0002-7837-7575 NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD APR PY 2013 VL 141 IS 4 BP 1395 EP 1395 DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00341.1 PG 1 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 117ZK UT WOS:000316991900014 ER PT J AU Levitz, J Pantoja, C Gaub, B Janovjak, H Reiner, A Hoagland, A Schoppik, D Kane, B Stawski, P Schier, AF Trauner, D Isacoff, EY AF Levitz, Joshua Pantoja, Carlos Gaub, Benjamin Janovjak, Harald Reiner, Andreas Hoagland, Adam Schoppik, David Kane, Brian Stawski, Philipp Schier, Alexander F. Trauner, Dirk Isacoff, Ehud Y. TI Optical control of metabotropic glutamate receptors SO NATURE NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; LONG-TERM DEPRESSION; HIPPOCAMPAL-NEURONS; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; CYTOPLASMIC LOOPS; REMOTE-CONTROL; ION CHANNELS; ACTIVATION; RHODOPSIN; MELANOPSIN AB G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of membrane signaling proteins, respond to neurotransmitters, hormones and small environmental molecules. The neuronal function of many GPCRs has been difficult to resolve because of an inability to gate them with subtype specificity, spatial precision, speed and reversibility. To address this, we developed an approach for opto-chemical engineering of native GPCRs. We applied this to the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) to generate light-agonized and light-antagonized mGluRs (LimGluRs). The light-agonized LimGluR2, on which we focused, was fast, bistable and supported multiple rounds of on/off switching. Light gated two of the primary neuronal functions of mGluR2: suppression of excitability and inhibition of neurotransmitter release. We found that the light-antagonized tool LimGluR2-block was able to manipulate negative feedback of synaptically released glutamate on transmitter release. We generalized the optical control to two additional family members: mGluR3 and mGluR6. This system worked in rodent brain slices and in zebrafish in vivo, where we found that mGluR2 modulated the threshold for escape behavior. These light-gated mGluRs pave the way for determining the roles of mGluRs in synaptic plasticity, memory and disease. C1 [Levitz, Joshua; Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Biophys Grad Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pantoja, Carlos; Janovjak, Harald; Reiner, Andreas; Hoagland, Adam; Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gaub, Benjamin; Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Grad Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schoppik, David; Schier, Alexander F.] Harvard Univ, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kane, Brian; Trauner, Dirk] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stawski, Philipp; Trauner, Dirk] Univ Munich, Dept Chem, Munich, Germany. [Stawski, Philipp; Trauner, Dirk] Univ Munich, Ctr Integrated Prot Sci, Munich, Germany. [Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Trauner, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dirk.trauner@lmu.de; ehud@berkeley.edu RI Reiner, Andreas/E-4897-2011; Janovjak, Harald/O-9070-2016; OI Reiner, Andreas/0000-0003-0802-7278; Janovjak, Harald/0000-0002-8023-9315; Schoppik, David/0000-0001-7969-9632 FU Nanomedicine Development Center for the Optical Control of Biological Function; US National Institutes of Health [PN2EY018241, R01HL109525]; Human Frontier Science Program [RGP0013/2010]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [FOR 1279]; Fond der Chemischen Industrie; National Science Foundation [CHE-0233882, CHE-0840505]; European Molecular Biology Organization; Helen Hay Whitney postdoctoral fellowship; McKnight Endowment Fund for Neuroscience; Fulbright Foundation FX We thank A.P. Mariani (National Eye Institute) for 11-cis retinal, J.P. Pin (University of Montpellier) for the mGluR plasmids and E. Reuveny (Weizmann Institute) for the GIRK1 plasmid, K. Durkin, K. Dubay, T. Berger, G. Sandoz and S. Berlin for helpful discussions, A. Guyon, Z. Fu and S. Szobota for help with slice cultures, Z. Fu for molecular biology assistance, K. McDaniel, J. Maxfield, J. Saint-Hillaire and D. Weinman for fish care, E. Carroll for discussion and help with zebrafish set up, P. Gut (University of California, San Francisco) for zebrafish plasmids, H. Baier (University of California, San Francisco) for fish lines, and the College of Chemistry (University of California, Berkeley) for computing resources for the Monte Carlo simulations. Support for the work was provided by the Nanomedicine Development Center for the Optical Control of Biological Function, US National Institutes of Health grant PN2EY018241 (D.T. and E.Y.I.), the Human Frontier Science Program (RGP0013/2010 to E.Y.I.), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (FOR 1279, D.T.), the Fond der Chemischen Industrie (Kekule fellowship to P.S.), National Science Foundation grants CHE-0233882 and CHE-0840505 (to the College of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley), a postdoctoral fellowship of the European Molecular Biology Organization (H.J.), a Helen Hay Whitney postdoctoral fellowship (D.S.), the McKnight Endowment Fund for Neuroscience and US National Institutes of Health grant R01HL109525 (A.F.S.), and a predoctoral fellowship from the Fulbright Foundation (B.G.). NR 58 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 6 U2 82 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1097-6256 J9 NAT NEUROSCI JI Nat. Neurosci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 16 IS 4 BP 507 EP U190 DI 10.1038/nn.3346 PG 12 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 114EM UT WOS:000316723700023 PM 23455609 ER PT J AU Allan, MP Chuang, TM Massee, F Xie, Y Ni, N Bud'ko, SL Boebinger, GS Wang, Q Dessau, DS Canfield, PC Golden, MS Davis, JC AF Allan, M. P. Chuang, T-M. Massee, F. Xie, Yang Ni, Ni Bud'ko, S. L. Boebinger, G. S. Wang, Q. Dessau, D. S. Canfield, P. C. Golden, M. S. Davis, J. C. TI Anisotropic impurity states, quasiparticle scattering and nematic transport in underdoped Ca(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2 SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IRON ARSENIDE SUPERCONDUCTOR; DETWINNED BA(FE1-XCOX)(2)AS-2; TRANSITION; SYMMETRY AB Iron-based high-temperature superconductivity develops when the 'parent' antiferromagnetic/orthorhombic phase is suppressed, typically by introduction of dopant atoms(1). But their impact on atomic-scale electronic structure, although in theory rather complex(2-13), is unknown experimentally. What is known is that a strong transport anisotropy(14-25) with its resistivity maximum along the crystal b axis(14-25), develops with increasing concentration of dopant atoms(14,20-25); this 'nematicity' vanishes when the parent phase disappears near the maximum superconducting T-c. The interplay between the electronic structure surrounding each dopant atom, quasiparticle scattering therefrom and the transport nematicity has therefore become a pivotal focus(7,8,12,22,23) of research into these materials. Here, by directly visualizing the atomic-scale electronic structure, we show that substituting Co for Fe atoms in underdoped Ca(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2 generates a dense population of identical anisotropic impurity states. Each is similar to 8 Fe-Fe unit cells in length, and all are distributed randomly but aligned with the antiferromagnetic a axis. By imaging their surrounding interference patterns, we further demonstrate that these impurity states scatter quasiparticles in a highly anisotropic manner, with the maximum scattering rate concentrated along the b axis. These data provide direct support for the recent proposals(7,8,12,22,23) that it is primarily anisotropic scattering by dopant-induced impurity states that generates the transport nematicity; they also yield simple explanations for the enhancement of the nematicity proportional to the dopant density(14,20-25) and for the occurrence of the highest resistivity along the b axis(14-25). C1 [Allan, M. P.] ETH, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Allan, M. P.; Chuang, T-M.; Massee, F.; Xie, Yang; Davis, J. C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, LASSP, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Allan, M. P.; Chuang, T-M.; Massee, F.; Davis, J. C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, CMPMS Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Chuang, T-M.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [Chuang, T-M.; Boebinger, G. S.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, NHMFL, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Massee, F.; Golden, M. S.] Univ Amsterdam, Van der Waals Zeeman Inst, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Ni, Ni; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ni, Ni; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wang, Q.; Dessau, D. S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Davis, J. C.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Davis, J. C.] Cornell Univ, Kavli Inst Cornell Nanoscale Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. RP Davis, JC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, LASSP, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jcseamusdavis@gmail.com RI Allan, Milan/D-7763-2012; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014; Massee, Freek/N-2617-2015; Golden, Mark/D-3469-2011 OI Allan, Milan/0000-0002-5437-1945; FU Center for Emergent Superconductivity, a DOE Energy Frontier Research Center headquartered at Brookhaven National Laboratory; DOE, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; DOE through the University of Colorado [DE-FG02-03ER46066]; DOE Office of Science; National High Magnetic Field [NSF/DMR-0654118]; Cornell Center for Materials Research [NSF/DMR-0520404]; UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Scottish Funding Council; Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM) of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research FX We acknowledge and thank F. Baumberger, P. Dai, P. J. Hirschfeld, J. E. Hoffman, A. Kaminski, E-A. Kim, D-H. Lee, J. Orenstein, A. Pasupathy, G. Sawatzky, D. J. Scalapino, J. Schmalian and S. Uchida for helpful discussions and communications. We are grateful to N. D. Loh for insightful suggestions and to A. W. Rost for proposing the analysis and presentation in Fig. 4b. The reported studies are supported by the Center for Emergent Superconductivity, a DOE Energy Frontier Research Center headquartered at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Work at the Ames National Laboratory was supported by the DOE, Basic Energy Sciences under Contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11358; the ARPES experiments were supported by the DOE DE-FG02-03ER46066 through the University of Colorado, and were performed at the Advanced Light Source supported by the DOE Office of Science. Further support came from NSF/DMR-0654118 through the National High Magnetic Field (T-M.C.), the Cornell Center for Materials Research under NSF/DMR-0520404 (Y.X.); the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and the Scottish Funding Council under the PhD plus program (M.P.A.); and the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM) of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (F.M. and M.S.G.). The authors wish to dedicate this study to the memory of Prof. Zlatko Tesanovic, some of whose recent research was focused on issues addressed herein. NR 35 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 81 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 9 IS 4 BP 220 EP 224 DI 10.1038/NPHYS2544 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 118BJ UT WOS:000316997100013 ER PT J AU Gaylord, ML Kolb, TE Pockman, WT Plaut, JA Yepez, EA Macalady, AK Pangle, RE McDowell, NG AF Gaylord, Monica L. Kolb, Thomas E. Pockman, William T. Plaut, Jennifer A. Yepez, Enrico A. Macalady, Alison K. Pangle, Robert E. McDowell, Nate G. TI Drought predisposes pinon-juniper woodlands to insect attacks and mortality SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE climate change; drought; host defense; insect resistance; juniper; pinon; resin ID INDUCED TREE MORTALITY; SOUTHERN PINE-BEETLE; BARK BEETLES; NORTHERN ARIZONA; GLOBAL-CHANGE; DENDROCTONUS-FRONTALIS; LOBLOLLY-PINE; DIE-OFF; CHRONIC HERBIVORY; CAMBIAL GROWTH AB To test the hypothesis that drought predisposes trees to insect attacks, we quantified the effects of water availability on insect attacks, tree resistance mechanisms, and mortality of mature pinon pine (Pinus edulis) and one-seed juniper (Juniperus monosperma) using an experimental drought study in New Mexico, USA. The study had four replicated treatments (40x40m plot/replicate): removal of 45% of ambient annual precipitation (H2O); irrigation to produce 125% of ambient annual precipitation (H2O+); a drought control (C) to quantify the impact of the drought infrastructure; and ambient precipitation (A). Pinon began dying 1yr after drought initiation, with higher mortality in the H2O treatment relative to other treatments. Beetles (bark/twig) were present in 92% of dead trees. Resin duct density and area were more strongly affected by treatments and more strongly associated with pinon mortality than direct measurements of resin flow. For juniper, treatments had no effect on insect resistance or attacks, but needle browning was highest in the H2O treatment. Our results provide strong evidence that 1 yr of severe drought predisposes pinon to insect attacks and increases mortality, whereas 3yr of the same drought causes partial canopy loss in juniper. C1 [Gaylord, Monica L.; Kolb, Thomas E.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Pockman, William T.; Plaut, Jennifer A.; Yepez, Enrico A.; Pangle, Robert E.] 1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Yepez, Enrico A.] Inst Tecnol Sonora, Dept Ciencias Agua & Medio Ambiente, Ciudad Obregon Mexico 85000, Mexico. [Macalady, Alison K.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Macalady, Alison K.] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [McDowell, Nate G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Gaylord, ML (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM Monica.Gaylord@nau.edu RI Yepez, Enrico/C-2802-2014; Pockman, William/D-4086-2014; Yepez, Enrico/C-6901-2008 OI Pockman, William/0000-0002-3286-0457; Yepez, Enrico/0000-0003-4746-573X FU National Institute of Climatic Change Research (NICCR); Department of Energy (DOE); Drought Impacts on Regional Ecosystems Network (DIREnet via NSF); Office of Science (BER), US DOE FX Thanks to K. Barrett, J. Hockersmith, M. McKinney, N. Gehres, and J. Kane for assistance with laboratory and field work. Thanks to the Northern Arizona University Statistical Consulting lab and Chonggang Xu (Los Alamos National Labs) for assistance with statistical analyses. We also thank Matt Ayres and two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments. Support for this research was provided by grants from the National Institute of Climatic Change Research (NICCR), Department of Energy (DOE) Terrestrial Carbon Program, and Drought Impacts on Regional Ecosystems Network (DIREnet via NSF). The precipitation manipulation experiment was funded by grants to N. G. McDowell (LANL) and W. T. Pockman (UNM) by the Office of Science (BER), US DOE. NR 80 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 4 U2 123 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 198 IS 2 BP 567 EP 578 DI 10.1111/nph.12174 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 112XV UT WOS:000316629500025 PM 23421561 ER PT J AU Kruse, MKG Jurgenson, ED Navratil, P Barrett, BR Ormand, WE AF Kruse, M. K. G. Jurgenson, E. D. Navratil, P. Barrett, B. R. Ormand, W. E. TI Extrapolation uncertainties in the importance-truncated no-core shell model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; NUCLEON-INTERACTION; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; GROUND-STATE; SCATTERING; PERTURBATION; EQUATIONS; SYSTEM AB Background: The importance-truncated no-core shell model (IT-NCSM) has recently been shown to extend theoretical nuclear structure calculations of p-shell nuclei to larger model (N-max) spaces. The importance truncation procedure selects only relatively few of the many basis states present in a "large" N-max basis space, thus making the calculation tractable and reasonably quick to perform. Initial results indicate that the procedure agrees well with the NCSM, in which a complete basis is constructed for a given N-max. Purpose: An analysis of uncertainties in IT-NCSM such as those generated from the extrapolations to the complete N-max space have not been fully discussed. We present a method for estimating the uncertainty when extrapolating to the complete N-max space and demonstrate the method by comparing extrapolated IT-NCSM to full NCSM calculations up to N-max = 14. Furthermore, we study the result of extrapolating IT-NCSM ground-state energies to N-max = infinity and compare the results to similarly extrapolated NCSM calculations. A procedure is formulated to assign uncertainties for N-max = infinity extrapolations. Method: We report on Li-6 calculations performed with the IT-NCSM and compare them to full NCSM calculations. We employ the Entem and Machleidt chiral two-body next-to-next-to-next leading order (N3LO) interaction (regulated at 500 MeV/c), which has been modified to a phase-shift equivalent potential by the similarity renormalization group (SRG) procedure. We investigate the dependence of the procedure on the technique employed to extrapolate to the complete N-max space, the harmonic oscillator energy ((h) over bar Omega), and investigate the dependence on the momentum-decoupling scale (lambda) used in the SRG. We also investigate the use of one or several reference states from which the truncated basis is constructed. Results: We find that the uncertainties generated from various extrapolating functions used to extrapolate to the complete N-max space increase as N-max increases. The extrapolation uncertainties range from a few keV for the smallest N-max spaces to about 50 keV for the largest N-max spaces. We note that the difference between extrapolated IT-NCSM and NCSM ground-state energies, however, can be as large as 100-250 keV depending on the chosen harmonic oscillator energy ((h) over bar Omega). IT-NCSM performs equally well for various SRG momentum-decoupling scales, lambda = 2.02 fm(-1) and lambda = 1.50 fm(-1). Conclusions: In the case of Li-6, when using the softened chiral nucleon-nucleon N3LO interaction, we have determined the difference between extrapolated N-max = infinity IT-NCSM and full NCSM calculations to be about 100-300 keV. As (h) over bar Omega increases, we find that the agreement with NCSM deteriorates, indicating that the procedure used to choose the basis states in IT-NCSM depends on (h) over bar Omega. We also find that using multiple reference states leads to a better ground-state description than using only a single reference state. DOI:10.1103/PhysRevC.87.044301 C1 [Kruse, M. K. G.; Barrett, B. R.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Kruse, M. K. G.; Jurgenson, E. D.; Navratil, P.; Ormand, W. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Navratil, P.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. RP Kruse, MKG (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, 1118 East 4th St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM kruse9@llnl.gov FU US NSF [PHY-0555396, PHY-0854912]; US DOE/SC/NP; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [401945-2011]; National Research Council Canada; LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX M.K.G.K. would like to thank S. A. Coon for many discussions regarding the results of this paper as well as providing critical readings of the manuscript. M. K. G. K. would also like to thank D. Toussaint for discussions on estimating uncertainties. M. K. G. K. and B. R. B. acknowledge partial support from the US NSF Grants No. PHY-0555396 and No. PHY-0854912. M. K. G. K., E.D.J., and W.E.O. acknowledge funding from the US DOE/SC/NP. P.N. acknowledges support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Grant No. 401945-2011. TRIUMF receives funding via a contribution through the National Research Council Canada. Numerical calculations have been performed at the LLNL LC facilities supported by LLNL under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 54 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 4 AR 044301 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.044301 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 118AS UT WOS:000316995400003 ER PT J AU Banerjee, P Qian, YZ Haxton, WC Heger, A AF Banerjee, Projjwal Qian, Yong-Zhong Haxton, W. C. Heger, Alexander TI New Primary Mechanisms for the Synthesis of Rare Be-9 in Early Supernovae SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID R-PROCESS NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; METAL-POOR STARS; MASSIVE STARS; COSMIC-RAYS; EVOLUTION; BERYLLIUM; BORON; LI; ABUNDANCES; ELEMENTS AB We present two new primary mechanisms for the synthesis of the rare nucleus Be-9, both triggered by nu-induced production of H-3 followed by H-4(H-3,gamma)Li-7 in the He shells of core-collapse supernovae. For progenitors of similar to 8M(circle dot), Li-7(H-3, n(0))Be-9 occurs during the rapid expansion of the shocked He shell. Alternatively, for ultra-metal-poor progenitors of similar to 11-15M(circle dot), Li-7(n, gamma)Li-8(n, gamma)Li-9(e(-)(nu) over bar (e))Be-9 occurs with neutrons produced by He-4((nu) over bar (e), e(+)n)H-3, assuming a hard effective (nu) over bar (e) spectrum from oscillations (which also leads to heavy element production through rapid neutron capture) and a weak explosion (so the Be-9 survives shock passage). We discuss the associated production of Li-7 and B-11, noting patterns in LiBeB production that might distinguish the new mechanisms from others. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.141101 C1 [Banerjee, Projjwal; Haxton, W. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Banerjee, Projjwal; Haxton, W. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Qian, Yong-Zhong] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Heger, Alexander] Monash Univ, Monash Ctr Astrophys, Sch Math Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. RP Banerjee, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM projjwal@berkeley.edu; qian@physics.umn.edu; haxton@berkeley.edu; alexander.heger@monash.edu FU US DOE (Berkeley) [DE-SC00046548]; US DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-FG02-87ER40328]; NSF [PHY02-16783]; ARC [FT120100363]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation FX We thank S. Goriely and H.-T. Janka for sharing their results on NS mergers. This work was supported in part by the US DOE [Awards No. DE-SC00046548 (Berkeley), No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 (LBL), and No. DE-FG02-87ER40328 (UM)]; by the NSF [Grant No. PHY02-16783 (JINA)]; by the ARC Future Fellowship FT120100363 (A. H.); and by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (W. C. H.). NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 14 AR 141101 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.141101 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 118BR UT WOS:000316997900001 PM 25166974 ER PT J AU Ghim, YC Schekochihin, AA Field, AR Abel, IG Barnes, M Colyer, G Cowley, SC Parra, FI Dunai, D Zoletnik, S AF Ghim, Y. -C. Schekochihin, A. A. Field, A. R. Abel, I. G. Barnes, M. Colyer, G. Cowley, S. C. Parra, F. I. Dunai, D. Zoletnik, S. CA MAST Team TI Experimental Signatures of Critically Balanced Turbulence in MAST SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BEAM EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; ALFVENIC TURBULENCE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ZONAL FLOWS; SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE; FLUCTUATION MEASUREMENTS; SIMULATIONS; PLASMA; ANISOTROPY AB Beam emission spectroscopy (BES) measurements of ion-scale density fluctuations in the MAST tokamak are used to show that the turbulence correlation time, the drift time associated with ion temperature or density gradients, the particle (ion) streaming time along the magnetic field, and the magnetic drift time are consistently comparable, suggesting a "critically balanced" turbulence determined by the local equilibrium. The resulting scalings of the poloidal and radial correlation lengths are derived and tested. The nonlinear time inferred from the density fluctuations is longer than the other times; its ratio to the correlation time scales as nu(-0.8+/-0.1)(*i), where nu(*i) = ion collision rate/streaming rate. This is consistent with turbulent decorrelation being controlled by a zonal component, invisible to the BES, with an amplitude exceeding those of the drift waves by nu(-0.8)(*i). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.145002 C1 [Ghim, Y. -C.; Schekochihin, A. A.; Abel, I. G.; Colyer, G.] Univ Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. [Ghim, Y. -C.; Field, A. R.; Colyer, G.; Cowley, S. C.; MAST Team] Culham Sci Ctr, EURATOM CCFE Fus Assoc, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. [Ghim, Y. -C.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Nucl & Quantum Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Schekochihin, A. A.; Abel, I. G.] Univ Oxford Merton Coll, Oxford OX1 4JD, England. [Barnes, M.; Parra, F. I.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Barnes, M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Cowley, S. C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Dunai, D.; Zoletnik, S.] Assoc EURATOM HAS, Wigner Res Ctr Phys, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. RP Ghim, YC (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Nucl & Quantum Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea. EM ycghim@kaist.ac.kr RI Parra, Felix I./C-1442-2012; Ghim, Young-chul/A-4365-2009 OI Parra, Felix I./0000-0001-9621-7404; Ghim, Young-chul/0000-0003-4123-9416 FU RCUK Energy Programme [EP/I501045]; Kwanjeong Educational Foundation; European Communities; Leverhulme Trust International Network for Magnetised Plasma Turbulence FX We thank T. Carter, J. Connor, W. Dorland, E. Highcock, G. McKee, C. Michael, C. Roach, J. B. Taylor, and M. Valovic. for valuable discussions. This work was supported in part by the RCUK Energy Programme under Grant No. EP/I501045, the Kwanjeong Educational Foundation (Y.-c. G.), the European Communities under the Contract of Association between EURATOM and CCFE (Y.-c. G, A. R. F., I. G. A., and G. C.) and by the Leverhulme Trust International Network for Magnetised Plasma Turbulence (M. B. and F. I. P.). The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 14 AR 145002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.145002 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 118BR UT WOS:000316997900005 PM 25166998 ER PT J AU Lischner, J Vigil-Fowler, D Louie, SG AF Lischner, Johannes Vigil-Fowler, Derek Louie, Steven G. TI Physical Origin of Satellites in Photoemission of Doped Graphene: An Ab Initio GW Plus Cumulant Study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; QUASI-PARTICLE; SEMICONDUCTORS; SPECTRA; BANDGAP; METALS AB We calculate the photoemission spectra of suspended and epitaxial doped graphene using an ab initio cumulant expansion of the Green's function based on the GW self-energy. Our results are compared to experiment and to standard GW calculations. For doped graphene on a silicon carbide substrate, we find, in contrast to earlier calculations, that the spectral function from GW only does not reproduce experimental satellite properties. However, ab initio GW plus cumulant theory combined with an accurate description of the substrate screening results in good agreement with experiment, but gives no plasmaron (i.e., no extra well-defined excitation satisfying Dyson's equation). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.146801 C1 [Lischner, Johannes] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lischner, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Lischner, Johannes/L-6117-2013 FU National Science Foundation [DMR10-1006184]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Department of Defense (DOD) FX We acknowledge useful discussions with Allan MacDonald, Marco Polini, Alessandro Principi, Matteo Guzzo, Felipe da Jornada, Manish Jain, and Aaron Bostwick. We acknowledge support in our initial work formulating the conceptual foundations of this Letter and partial postdoctoral support for one of us (J. L.) from National Science Foundation Grant No. DMR10-1006184. We also acknowledge support in the computational part of this project and for student support (D. V.-F.) from the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. D. V.-F was also supported by the Department of Defense (DOD). Computational resources have been provided by the DOE at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's NERSC facility and by the NSF through XSEDE resources at NICS. NR 26 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 3 U2 46 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 14 AR 146801 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.146801 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 118BR UT WOS:000316997900007 PM 25167020 ER PT J AU Bartley, LE Peck, ML Kim, SR Ebert, B Manisseri, C Chiniquy, DM Sykes, R Gao, LF Rautengarten, C Vega-Sanchez, ME Benke, PI Canlas, PE Cao, PJ Brewer, S Lin, F Smith, WL Zhang, XH Keasling, JD Jentoff, RE Foster, SB Zhou, JZ Ziebell, A An, G Scheller, HV Ronald, PC AF Bartley, Laura E. Peck, Matthew L. Kim, Sung-Ryul Ebert, Berit Manisseri, Chithra Chiniquy, Dawn M. Sykes, Robert Gao, Lingfang Rautengarten, Carsten Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E. Benke, Peter I. Canlas, Patrick E. Cao, Peijian Brewer, Susan Lin, Fan Smith, Whitney L. Zhang, Xiaohan Keasling, Jay D. Jentoff, Rolf E. Foster, Steven B. Zhou, Jizhong Ziebell, Angela An, Gynheung Scheller, Henrik V. Ronald, Pamela C. TI Overexpression of a BAHD Acyltransferase, OsAt10, Alters Rice Cell Wall Hydroxycinnamic Acid Content and Saccharification SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIFERULATE CROSS-LINKS; LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS; ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION; INTERNAL CONTROL; GENE-EXPRESSION; PARA-COUMAROYL; MAIZE BRAN; GRASSES; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Grass cell wall properties influence food, feed, and biofuel feedstock usage efficiency. The glucuronoarabinoxylan of grass cell walls is esterified with the phenylpropanoid-derived hydroxycinnamic acids ferulic acid (FA) and para-coumaric acid (p-CA). Feruloyl esters undergo oxidative coupling with neighboring phenylpropanoids on glucuronoarabinoxylan and lignin. Examination of rice (Oryza sativa) mutants in a grass-expanded and -diverged clade of BAHD acyl-coenzyme A-utilizing transferases identified four mutants with altered cell wall FA or p-CA contents. Here, we report on the effects of overexpressing one of these genes, OsAt10 (LOC_Os06g39390), in rice. An activation-tagged line, OsAT10-D1, shows a 60% reduction in matrix polysaccharide-bound FA and an approximately 300% increase in p-CA in young leaf tissue but no discernible phenotypic alterations in vegetative development, lignin content, or lignin composition. Two additional independent OsAt10 overexpression lines show similar changes in FA and p-CA content. Cell wall fractionation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry experiments isolate the cell wall alterations in the mutant to ester conjugates of a five-carbon sugar with p-CA and FA. These results suggest that OsAT10 is a p-coumaroyl coenzyme A transferase involved in glucuronoarabinoxylan modification. Biomass from OsAT10-D1 exhibits a 20% to 40% increase in saccharification yield depending on the assay. Thus, OsAt10 is an attractive target for improving grass cell wall quality for fuel and animal feed. C1 [Bartley, Laura E.; Peck, Matthew L.; Gao, Lingfang; Lin, Fan; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Smith, Whitney L.; Foster, Steven B.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Zhang, Xiaohan; Jentoff, Rolf E.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Chem Biol & Mat Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Bartley, Laura E.; Chiniquy, Dawn M.; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Canlas, Patrick E.; Cao, Peijian; Brewer, Susan; Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bartley, Laura E.; Chiniquy, Dawn M.; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Canlas, Patrick E.; Cao, Peijian; Brewer, Susan; Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bartley, Laura E.; Ebert, Berit; Manisseri, Chithra; Chiniquy, Dawn M.; Rautengarten, Carsten; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Benke, Peter I.; Cao, Peijian; Keasling, Jay D.; Scheller, Henrik V.; Ronald, Pamela C.] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Kim, Sung-Ryul; An, Gynheung; Ronald, Pamela C.] Kyung Hee Univ, Crop Biotech Inst, Yongin 446701, South Korea. [Kim, Sung-Ryul; An, Gynheung; Ronald, Pamela C.] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Genet Engn, Yongin 446701, South Korea. [Ebert, Berit; Rautengarten, Carsten; Vega-Sanchez, Miguel E.; Benke, Peter I.; Keasling, Jay D.; Scheller, Henrik V.; Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sykes, Robert; Ziebell, Angela] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Cao, Peijian] Zhengzhou Tobacco Res Inst, China Tobacco Gene Res Ctr, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, Peoples R China. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Ronald, PC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM pcronald@ucdavis.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; Scheller, Henrik/A-8106-2008; Ebert, Berit/F-1856-2016; OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Scheller, Henrik/0000-0002-6702-3560; Ebert, Berit/0000-0002-6914-5473; Bartley, Laura/0000-0001-8610-7551 FU National Science Foundation (EPSCoR program) [EPS-0814361, 0923247]; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (EPSCoR program grant no. EPS-0814361 and grant no. 0923247 to R. E.J.) and by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231). NR 87 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 84 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 161 IS 4 BP 1615 EP 1633 DI 10.1104/pp.112.208694 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 117XZ UT WOS:000316987900004 PM 23391577 ER PT J AU Salzbrenner, J Apblett, C Khraishi, T AF Salzbrenner, Jeffrey Apblett, Christopher Khraishi, Tariq TI Mechanical and electrical properties of carbon nanotubes surface-stamped on polydimethylsiloxane for microvalve actuation SO POLYMER INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotubes; microvalves; polydimethylsiloxane; electrostatic actuation ID VALVES; TEMPERATURE; COMPOSITES; PRESSURE AB We report a study of the electrical and mechanical effects of the inclusion of a thin layer of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into the surface of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a method of creating an electrically actuated, flexible microfluidic valve. Samples of PDMS with various surface loadings of MWCNTs were prepared and tested using a uniaxial tension tester, combined with a four-point probe electrical test. In contrast to other works reporting the inclusion of MWCNTs in the bulk of the material, we have found that inclusion of the MWCNTs on the surface only has no discernible effect on the mechanical properties of the PDMS samples, but causes a significant and repeatable change in the electrical performance. We have found that a loading of 4.16 g m2 results in an electrical resistivity of 7.31 x 104 cm, which is 200% lower than that previously reported for bulk inclusion samples. The microstructure of the MWCNTs was found to consist of both individual fibers and spherical clumps of fibers. We suggest that, due to the microstructure of the MWCNTs used in this study, the mechanical properties can be modeled as a thin layer of particulates, while the electrical properties can be modeled as a thin bed of bulk MWCNTs. (c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Salzbrenner, Jeffrey; Khraishi, Tariq] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. [Salzbrenner, Jeffrey; Apblett, Christopher] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Khraishi, T (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106 USA. EM khraishi@unm.edu FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0959-8103 EI 1097-0126 J9 POLYM INT JI Polym. Int. PD APR PY 2013 VL 62 IS 4 BP 608 EP 615 DI 10.1002/pi.4319 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 112YU UT WOS:000316632200010 ER PT J AU Su, YW Ramprasad, S Han, SY Wang, W Ryu, SO Palo, DR Paul, BK Chang, CH AF Su, Yu-Wei Ramprasad, Sudhir Han, Seung-Yeol Wang, Wei Ryu, Si-Ok Palo, Daniel R. Paul, Brian K. Chang, Chih-hung TI Dense CdS thin films on fluorine-doped tin oxide coated glass by high-rate microreactor-assisted solution deposition SO THIN SOLID FILMS LA English DT Article DE CdS thin films; Microreactor; Chemical bath deposition ID CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION; CONTINUOUS-FLOW MICROREACTOR; CDS/CDTE SOLAR-CELL; LAYERS; SUBSTRATE; GROWTH AB Continuous microreactor-assisted solution deposition is demonstrated for the deposition of CdS thin films on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass. The continuous flow system consists of a microscale T-junction micromixer with the co-axial water circulation heat exchanger to control the reacting chemical flux and optimize the heterogeneous surface reaction. Dense, high quality nanocrystallite CdS thin films were deposited at an average rate of 25.2 nm/min, which is significantly higher than the reported growth rate from typical batch chemical bath deposition process. Focused-ion-beam was used for transmission electron microscopy specimen preparation to characterize the interfacial microstructure of CdS and FTO layers. The band gap was determined at 2.44 eV by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. X-ray photon spectroscopy shows the binding energies of Cd 3d(3/2), Cd 3d(5/2), S 2P(3/2) and S 2P(1/2) at 411.7 eV, 404.8 eV, 162.1 eV and 163.4 eV, respectively. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Su, Yu-Wei; Han, Seung-Yeol; Wang, Wei; Chang, Chih-hung] Oregon State Univ, Sch Chem Biol & Environm Engn, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Ramprasad, Sudhir] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy Proc & Mat Div, Corvallis, OR USA. [Ryu, Si-Ok] Yeungnam Univ, Sch Display & Chem Engn, Gyeonsan 712749, Gyeongbuk, South Korea. [Palo, Daniel R.] Barr Engn Co, Hibbing, MN 55747 USA. [Paul, Brian K.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Su, Yu-Wei; Ramprasad, Sudhir; Han, Seung-Yeol; Wang, Wei; Paul, Brian K.; Chang, Chih-hung] Microprod Breakthrough Inst, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Su, Yu-Wei; Ramprasad, Sudhir; Han, Seung-Yeol; Wang, Wei; Paul, Brian K.; Chang, Chih-hung] Oregon Proc Innovat Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Su, YW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Sch Chem Biol & Environm Engn, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM suyuweiwayne@gmail.com RI wang, wei/A-5249-2014 FU US Department of Energy [NT08847, DE-AC-05-RL01830]; ONAMI matching grant; Oregon BEST equipment grant FX This work was funded by the US Department of Energy, Industrial Technologies Program through award #NT08847, under contract DE-AC-05-RL01830 to PNNL and ONAMI matching grant. Oregon Process Innovation Center is supported by Oregon BEST equipment grant. We are thankful to Dr. Yi Liu in Oregon State University Microscope Facility for his assistance on FIB sample preparation and TEM operation. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0040-6090 J9 THIN SOLID FILMS JI Thin Solid Films PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 532 BP 16 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2012.12.040 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 113OY UT WOS:000316678600004 ER PT J AU Erck, R AF Erck, Robert TI FRICTION AT THE NANOSCALE SO TRIBOLOGY & LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Erck, R (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 840 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 USA SN 1545-858X J9 TRIBOL LUBR TECHNOL JI Tribol. Lubr. Technol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 69 IS 4 BP 7 EP 7 PG 1 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 118ND UT WOS:000317031300003 ER PT J AU Tromp, RM Hannon, JB Wan, W Berghaus, A Schaff, O AF Tromp, R. M. Hannon, J. B. Wan, W. Berghaus, A. Schaff, O. TI A new aberration-corrected, energy-filtered LEEM/PEEM instrument II. Operation and results SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Meeting on Frontiers of Electron Microscopy in Materials Science (FEMMS) CY SEP 18-23, 2011 CL Rohnert Park, CA SP Natl Nucl Secur Adm, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hysitron Inc, FEI Co, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Almos Natl Lab, Gatan, JEOL AB In Part I we described a new design for an aberration-corrected Low Energy Electron Microscope (LEEM) and Photo Electron Emission Microscope (PEEM) equipped with an in-line electron energy filter. The chromatic and spherical aberrations of the objective lens are corrected with an electrostatic electron mirror that provides independent control of the chromatic and spherical aberration coefficients C-c and C-3, as well as the mirror focal length. In this Part II we discuss details of microscope operation, how the microscope is set up in a systematic fashion, and we present typical results. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tromp, R. M.; Hannon, J. B.] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. [Wan, W.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Berghaus, A.; Schaff, O.] SPECS GmbH, D-13355 Berlin, Germany. RP Tromp, RM (reprint author), IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, 1101 Kitchawan Rd,POB 218, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. EM rtromp@us.ibm.com NR 11 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 9 U2 59 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD APR PY 2013 VL 127 BP 25 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.07.016 PG 15 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 113IF UT WOS:000316659100006 PM 22925736 ER PT J AU Woehl, TJ Jungjohann, KL Evans, JE Arslan, I Ristenpart, WD Browning, ND AF Woehl, Taylor J. Jungjohann, Katherine L. Evans, James E. Arslan, Ilke Ristenpart, William D. Browning, Nigel D. TI Experimental procedures to mitigate electron beam induced artifacts during in situ fluid imaging of nanomaterials SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Meeting on Frontiers of Electron Microscopy in Materials Science (FEMMS) CY SEP 18-23, 2011 CL Rohnert Park, CA SP Natl Nucl Secur Adm, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hysitron Inc, FEI Co, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Almos Natl Lab, Gatan, JEOL DE in situ TEM; in situ STEM; in situ fluid; in situ liquid ID RADIATION-DAMAGE; MICROSCOPY; GROWTH; TEM; NANOSCALE; COPPER; ELECTRODEPOSITION; NUCLEATION; KINETICS AB Scanning transmission electron microscopy of various fluid and hydrated nanomaterial samples has revealed multiple imaging artifacts and electron beam-fluid interactions. These phenomena include growth of crystals on the fluid stage windows, repulsion of particles from the irradiated area, bubble formation, and the loss of atomic information during prolonged imaging of individual nanoparticles. Here we provide a comprehensive review of these fluid stage artifacts, and we present new experimental evidence that sheds light on their origins in terms of experimental apparatus issues and indirect electron beam sample interactions with the fluid layer. A key finding is that many artifacts are a result of indirect electron beam interactions, such as production of reactive radicals in the water by radiolysis, and the associated crystal growth. The results presented here will provide a methodology for minimizing fluid stage imaging artifacts and acquiring quantitative in situ observations of nanomaterial behavior in a liquid environment. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Woehl, Taylor J.; Jungjohann, Katherine L.; Arslan, Ilke; Ristenpart, William D.; Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Evans, James E.; Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Evans, James E.; Arslan, Ilke; Browning, Nigel D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ristenpart, William D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Woehl, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM tjwoehl@ucdavis.edu OI Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X FU NIGMS NIH HHS [5RC1GM091755] NR 38 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 9 U2 103 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD APR PY 2013 VL 127 BP 53 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.07.018 PG 11 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 113IF UT WOS:000316659100009 PM 22951261 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Santolino, G Tornos, J Bruno, FY Cuellar, FA Leon, C Santamaria, J Pennycook, SJ Varela, M AF Sanchez-Santolino, G. Tornos, J. Bruno, F. Y. Cuellar, F. A. Leon, C. Santamaria, J. Pennycook, S. J. Varela, M. TI Characterization of surface metallic states in SrTiO3 by means of aberration corrected electron microscopy SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Meeting on Frontiers of Electron Microscopy in Materials Science (FEMMS) CY SEP 18-23, 2011 CL Rohnert Park, CA SP Natl Nucl Secur Adm, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Hysitron Inc, FEI, Sandia Natl Lab, Los Almos Natl Lab, Gatan, JEOL DE Scanning transmission electron microscopy; Electron energy loss spectroscopy; Complex oxides; Irradiation damage; 2D electron gas ID STRONTIUM-TITANATE; OXIDES; TRANSITION; MOBILITY; ION AB An unusual conducting surface state can be produced in SrTiO3 substrates by irradiation with Argon ions from a plasma source, at low energy and high doses. The effects of irradiation are analyzed here by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combined with electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Depth sensitive studies demonstrate the existence of a heavily damaged surface layer and an oxygen vacancy rich layer immediately underneath, both induced during the irradiation process. We find a clear dependence of the Ti oxidation state with the depth, with a very intense Ti3+ component near the surface. Oxygen vacancies act as n-type doping by releasing electrons into the lattice and producing an insulator-to-metal transition, which explains the unusual metallic behavior of these samples. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sanchez-Santolino, G.; Tornos, J.; Bruno, F. Y.; Cuellar, F. A.; Leon, C.; Santamaria, J.; Varela, M.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Fis Aplicada 3, GFMC, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Sanchez-Santolino, G.; Pennycook, S. J.; Varela, M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Varela, M (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, POB 2008,BLDG 4515,MS 6071, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM mvarela@ornl.gov RI Sanchez Santolino, Gabriel/I-5575-2012; Bruno, Flavio/C-7380-2008; Leon, Carlos/A-5587-2008; Varela, Maria/E-2472-2014; Varela, Maria/H-2648-2012; Santamaria, Jacobo/N-8783-2016; OI Sanchez Santolino, Gabriel/0000-0001-8036-707X; Bruno, Flavio/0000-0002-3970-8837; Leon, Carlos/0000-0002-3262-1843; Varela, Maria/0000-0002-6582-7004; Santamaria, Jacobo/0000-0003-4594-2686; Cuellar Jimenez, Fabian Andres/0000-0002-2891-6198 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 85 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3991 J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY JI Ultramicroscopy PD APR PY 2013 VL 127 BP 109 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.07.013 PG 5 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 113IF UT WOS:000316659100016 PM 22940531 ER PT J AU Niu, C Zhong, F Xu, SH Yang, CL Qin, XY AF Niu, Chuan Zhong, Fan Xu, Songhua Yang, Chenglei Qin, Xueying TI Cylindrical panoramic mosaicing from a pipeline video through MRF based optimization SO VISUAL COMPUTER LA English DT Article DE Panorama; MRF optimization; Forward moving camera; Belief propagation algorithm ID ENVIRONMENTS; VIEWPOINT; SCENES AB Stratum structure detection is a fundamental problem in geological engineering. One of the most commonly employed detection technologies is to shoot videos of a borehole using a forward moving camera. Using this technology, the problem of stratum structure detection is transformed into the problem of constructing a panoramic image from a low quality video. In this paper, we propose a novel method for creating a panoramic image of a borehole from a video sequence without the need of camera calibration and tracking. To stitch together pixels of neighboring image frames, our camera model is designed with a focal length changing feature, along with a small rotational freedom in the two-dimensional image space. Our camera model assumes that target objects lie on a cylindrical wall and that the camera moves forward along the central axis of the cylindrical wall. Based on these two assumptions, our method robustly resolves these two degrees-of-freedoms in our camera model through KLT feature tracking. Since the quality of the result video is affected by possible illumination overflow, camera lens blurring, and low video resolution, we introduce a cost function for eliminating seams between stitching strips. Our cost function is designed based on Markov Random Field and optimized using a belief propagation algorithm. Using our method, we can automatically construct a panorama image with good resolution, smoothness, and continuousness both in the texture and illumination space. Experiment results show that our method could efficiently generate panoramas for long video sequences with satisfying visual quality. C1 [Niu, Chuan; Zhong, Fan; Yang, Chenglei; Qin, Xueying] Shandong Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. [Niu, Chuan; Zhong, Fan; Yang, Chenglei; Qin, Xueying] Shandong Prov Key Lab Software Engn, Jinan, Peoples R China. [Xu, Songhua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Yang, CL (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China. EM niuchuan@mail.sdu.edu.cn; zhongfan@sdu.edu.cn; xus1@ornl.gov; chl_yang@sdu.edu.cn; qxy@sdu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1035004, 61003149, 61272243, 61173070]; Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation [ZR2010FQ011, ZR2012FQ026]; Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong Province [JQ200920]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1035004, 61003149, 61272243, 61173070), Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation (Nos. ZR2010FQ011, ZR2012FQ026), and the Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong Province (No. JQ200920). Songhua Xu performed this research as a Eugene P. Wigner Fellow and staff member at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0178-2789 EI 1432-2315 J9 VISUAL COMPUT JI Visual Comput. PD APR PY 2013 VL 29 IS 4 SI SI BP 253 EP 263 DI 10.1007/s00371-012-0763-3 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 115AM UT WOS:000316784200003 ER PT J AU Walls, SC Barichivich, WJ Brown, ME Scott, DE Hossack, BR AF Walls, Susan C. Barichivich, William J. Brown, Mary E. Scott, David E. Hossack, Blake R. TI Influence of Drought on Salamander Occupancy of Isolated Wetlands on the Southeastern Coastal Plain of the United States SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Drought; Mole salamander; Occupancy dynamics; Pond-breeding amphibians; Wetland hydrology ID AMPHIBIAN POPULATION DECLINES; AMBYSTOMA-TALPOIDEUM; LIFE-HISTORY; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; TEMPORARY POND; ENERGY-FLOW; CLIMATE; SIZE; METAMORPHOSIS; CONSERVATION AB In the southeastern U.S., changes in temperature and precipitation over the last three decades have been the most dramatic in winter and spring seasons. Continuation of these trends could negatively impact pond-breeding amphibians, especially those that rely on winter and spring rains to fill seasonal wetlands, trigger breeding, and ensure reproductive success. From 2009 to 2012, we monitored Spring and Fall presence of aquatic stages (larval and paedomorphic, gilled adult) of a winter-breeding amphibian (the mole salamander, Ambystoma talpoideum) and used multi-season models to estimate occupancy, local colonization and extinction. Seasonal estimates of occupancy, corrected for imperfect detection, declined from 22.3 % of ponds in Spring 2009 to 9.9 % in Fall 2012. Our best supported model suggested that changes in occupancy were driven by increased rates of extinction that corresponded with drought-related drying of ponds. Based on uncertainty in climate change projections for the Southeast, we present a conceptual model of predicted changes in wetland hydroperiods across a landscape with projected decreases and increases in future precipitation. Such precipitation changes could alter wetland hydroperiods, facilitate extinctions of species adapted to short, intermediate or long hydroperiod environments and, ultimately, modify the composition of amphibian communities within freshwater wetland ecosystems. C1 [Walls, Susan C.; Barichivich, William J.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Scott, David E.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Hossack, Blake R.] US Geol Survey, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Brown, Mary E.] US Geol Survey, Cherokee Nation Technol Solut, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. RP Walls, SC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. EM swalls@usgs.gov OI Walls, Susan/0000-0001-7391-9155 FU USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative; U. S. Department of Energy [DEFC09-07SR22506] FX Field work was supported by the USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative. This research was conducted with permits from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (permit no. WX08477), St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge (416402009- 09) and the USGS Institutional Animal Use and Care Committee (USGS/FISC 2006-04 andUSGS/SESC 2010-01). D. Scottwas partially supported by the U. S. Department of Energy under Award Number DEFC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research Foundation. We thank L. Ball, D. Calhoun, A. Cressler, D. Gregoire, D. Gualtieri, J. Riley, J. Staiger and M. Randall for field assistance; D. Miller for suggestions on occupancy modeling; and C. K. Dodd, Jr. and J. Mitchell for commenting on earlier versions of the manuscript. Many of the ideas about the effects of climate change on pond-breeding amphibians presented herein were derived from discussions with K. Buhlmann, C. K. Dodd, Jr., K. Haag, S. Lance, J. Mitchell, S. Richter, and B. Taylor. We are grateful to them for sharing their thoughts and ideas. The use of trade or product names does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. This is contribution 429 of the United States Geological Survey's Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI). NR 56 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 6 U2 92 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD APR PY 2013 VL 33 IS 2 BP 345 EP 354 DI 10.1007/s13157-013-0391-3 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 113AL UT WOS:000316638000015 ER PT J AU Chen, LY Li, BZ Wang, XD Jiang, F Ren, Y Liaw, PK Jiang, JZ AF Chen, L. Y. Li, B. Z. Wang, X. D. Jiang, F. Ren, Y. Liaw, P. K. Jiang, J. Z. TI Atomic-scale mechanisms of tension-compression asymmetry in a metallic glass SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Metallic glasses; Mechanical behavior; X-ray diffraction; Synchrotron radiation; Crystallization ID BULK AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; CU-ZR; DUCTILITY; STRESS; BEHAVIOR; STRAIN; RELAXATION; PLASTICITY; LIQUID AB Materials exhibit a tension-compression asymmetry in terms of plasticity. This phenomenon is usually interpreted by continuum mechanics, which neglects the stress-induced structure change. Here we investigated the structure change of a metallic glass of Zr46.5CU45 Al7Ti1.5 (in at.%) under both tensile and compressive stresses by in situ loading and high-energy X-ray scattering. A relationship between the stress-induced structure change and the extraordinary tension-compression asymmetry of plasticity in the metallic glass is presented. Another interesting phenomenon is that the metallic glass also exhibits tension-compression asymmetry in terms of crystallization. The influence of the stress-induced structure change on the crystallization behavior of metallic glasses is discussed. The results obtained here reveal the structure evolution of a metallic glass under both tensile and compressive stresses, and might provide a new perspective on the tension-compression asymmetry in the structure of amorphous solids. (c) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, L. Y.; Li, B. Z.; Wang, X. D.; Jiang, J. Z.] Zhejiang Univ, Int Ctr New Struct Mat, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Chen, L. Y.; Li, B. Z.; Wang, X. D.; Jiang, J. Z.] Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Lab New Struct Mat, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Jiang, F.; Liaw, P. K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ren, Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Chen, LY (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM chenly@zju.edu.cn; jiangjz@zju.edu.cn RI Chen, Lianyi/B-3156-2008 OI Chen, Lianyi/0000-0003-3720-398X FU National Key Basic Research Program of China [2012CB825700]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [50920105101, 10979002, 10904127, 51071141, 51050110136]; China Postdoctoral Foundation [20090460096]; Zhejiang University-Helmholtz Cooperation Fund; Ministry of Education of China (Program for Changjiang Scholars); Ministry of Education of China (Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education); Zhejiang University; US National Science Foundation (NSF); Combined Research-Curriculum Development (CRCD) Program [EEC-9527527, EEC-0203415]; Integrative Graduate Education and Research Training (IGERT) Program [DGE-9987548]; International Materials Institutes (IMI) Program [DMR-0231320]; Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) Program [DMR-0421219]; Division of Civil, Mechanical, Manufacture, and Innovation Program [CMMI-0900271, CMMI-1100080]; Materials World Network Program [DMR-0909037] FX The authors appreciate the unknown referee's valuable and profound comments. The authors would like to thank the Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor (HASYLAB) in Germany and the Advanced Photon Source (APS) in the USA for the use of the synchrotron radiation facilities. The work was supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2012CB825700), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50920105101, 10979002, 10904127, 51071141 and 51050110136), the China Postdoctoral Foundation (Grant No. 20090460096), the Zhejiang University-Helmholtz Cooperation Fund, the Ministry of Education of China (Program for Changjiang Scholars and the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education) and Zhejiang University. P.K.L. and F.J. very much appreciate the support by the US National Science Foundation (NSF), the Combined Research-Curriculum Development (CRCD) Program under EEC-9527527 and EEC-0203415, the Integrative Graduate Education and Research Training (IGERT) Program under DGE-9987548, the International Materials Institutes (IMI) Program under DMR-0231320, the Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) Program under DMR-0421219, the Division of Civil, Mechanical, Manufacture, and Innovation Program under CMMI-0900271 and CMMI-1100080 and the Materials World Network Program under DMR-0909037, with Ms M. Poats, and Drs C.V. Hartesveldt, D. Dutta, P.W. Jennings, L.S. Goldberg, L. Clesceri, C. Huber, C. E. Bouldin, C.V. Cooper, D. Finotello and A. Ardell as contract monitors. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 103 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 61 IS 6 BP 1843 EP 1850 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.11.054 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 107SP UT WOS:000316241400002 ER PT J AU Stebner, AP Brown, DW Brinson, LC AF Stebner, A. P. Brown, D. W. Brinson, L. C. TI Young's modulus evolution and texture-based elastic-inelastic strain partitioning during large uniaxial deformations of monoclinic nickel-titanium SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Shape memory alloy; Diffraction; Monoclinic; Young's modulus; Nickel-titanium ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOY; NITI-TIC COMPOSITES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; RIETVELD REFINEMENT; COMPRESSIVE DEFORMATION; SUPERELASTIC NITI; PHASE-FRACTION; MARTENSITE; BEHAVIOR; MODEL AB The authors draw upon recent first-principles calculations of monoclinic NiTi elastic constants to develop a combined numerical-empirical, texture-based approach for calculating the Young's modulus of polycrystalline, monoclinic nickel-titanium specimens. These calculations are carried out for load direction inverse pole figures measured in situ via neutron diffraction during tension-compression deformations to similar to 18% true strain, as well as unloading events. As demonstrated by application to this empirical data set, the texture-based approach results in the ability to quantify the evolution of Young's modulus and to micromechanically partition elastic and inelastic macroscopic strains for the entirety of non-linear and asymmetric uniaxial deformations, a result that had not been achieved previously for a monoclinic material. (c) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Stebner, A. P.; Brinson, L. C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Brown, D. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Brinson, L. C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Stebner, AP (reprint author), CALTECH, Grad Aerosp Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM astebner@caltech.edu RI Brinson, L. Catherine/B-6678-2009; Stebner, Aaron/A-7685-2015; Brinson, L Catherine/B-1315-2013 OI Brinson, L Catherine/0000-0003-2551-1563 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the Department of Energy under DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Toshio Mura Endowment; Predictive Science and Engineering Design Cluster at Northwestern (PSED); Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern (ISEN); Army Research Office [W911NF-12-1-0013/P00002] FX The authors thank Thomas Sisneros and Bjorn Clausen of LANL for experimental assistance, Ron Noebe of NASA Glenn Research Center for providing the NiTi specimens, and Professor G.B. Olson for constructive criticism of the presentation of these data. This work has benefited from the use of the Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at LANSCE, which is funded by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the Department of Energy under DOE Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. A.S. acknowledges funding through fellowships from the Toshio Mura Endowment, Predictive Science and Engineering Design Cluster at Northwestern (PSED), Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern (ISEN). A.S. and C.B. acknowledge the support of the Army Research Office, Grant # W911NF-12-1-0013/P00002. NR 56 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 60 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 EI 1873-2453 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 61 IS 6 BP 1944 EP 1956 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.12.015 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 107SP UT WOS:000316241400012 ER PT J AU Zhang, X Wen, JG Bellon, P Averback, RS AF Zhang, Xuan Wen, Jianguo Bellon, Pascal Averback, Robert S. TI Irradiation-induced selective precipitation in Cu-Nb-W alloys: An approach towards coarsening resistance SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Copper alloys; Ion irradiation; Precipitation; Fractal; High-angle annular dark field (HAADF) ID FCC-BCC BOUNDARIES; ION-IRRADIATION; MICROSTRUCTURAL STABILITY; NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; ALPHA-IRON; NANOSTRUCTURES; EVOLUTION; MULTILAYERS; INTERFACES AB A novel approach towards coarsening resistance in the precipitate-strengthened Cu-based alloys is proposed, taking advantage of selective precipitation during low-temperature ion irradiation. In the case of Cu-Nb-W, W precipitates during room temperature irradiation, forming highly ramified clusters. During subsequent thermal annealing of alloys with composition close to Cu90Nb9W1, the more mobile Nb atoms precipitate out on the W clusters, creating a core-shell structure and adopting the Bain orientation relationship within the Cu matrix. This structure is extremely resistant to coarsening. Annealing at 650 degrees C for 1 h results in a precipitates size <4 am in diameter, and annealing for an additional 9 h causes no additional growth, even though Nb is highly mobile at this temperature and would coarsen in the absence of W. We attribute the remarkable stability of this precipitate structure to the strong immiscibility of W in Cu and to the highly ramified precipitate structure that W acquires during low-temperature irradiation. (c) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Xuan; Bellon, Pascal; Averback, Robert S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wen, Jianguo] Univ Illinois, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wen, Jianguo] Argonne Natl Lab, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Wen, Jianguo] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. RP Bellon, P (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1304 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM bellon@uiuc.edu FU NSF [DMR 08-04615]; U Chicago Argonne, LLC [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX This research was supported by NSF under Grant DMR 08-04615 (supporting X.Z.). The work was carried out in part in the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory Central Facilities, University of Illinois. J.G.W. also acknowledges support from the grant under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 by U Chicago Argonne, LLC. The authors thank Dr. Nhon Q. Vo and Dr. Kaiping Tai for discussions and suggestions. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 7 U2 78 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 61 IS 6 BP 2004 EP 2015 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.12.020 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 107SP UT WOS:000316241400017 ER PT J AU Witherspoon, C Zheng, PQ Chmielus, M Vogel, SC Dunand, DC Mullner, P AF Witherspoon, Cassie Zheng, Peiqi Chmielus, Markus Vogel, Sven C. Dunand, David C. Muellner, Peter TI Texture and training of magnetic shape memory foam SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Martensitic phase transformation; Neutron diffraction; Thermal cycling; Ni2MnGa; Heusler alloys ID NI-MN-GA; FIELD-INDUCED STRAIN; MARTENSITIC PHASES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; POWDER DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; ALLOYS; DEFORMATION; DIFFRACTOMETER; TRANSFORMATION AB Magnetic shape memory alloys display magnetic-field-induced strain (MFIS) of up to 10% as single crystals. Polycrystalline materials are much easier to create but display a near-zero MFIS because twinning of neighboring grains introduces strain incompatibility, leading to high internal stresses. Pores reduce these incompatibilities between grains and thus increase the MFIS of polycrystalline Ni-Mn-Ga, which after training (thermo-magneto-mechanical cycling) exhibits MFIS as high as 8.7%. Here, we show that this training effect results from a decoupling of struts surrounding pores in polycrystalline Ni-Mn-Ga during the martensitic transformation. To show this effect in highly textured porous samples, neutron diffraction measurements were performed as a function of temperature for phase characterization and a method for structure analysis was developed. Texture measurements were conducted with a magnetic field applied at various orientations to the porous sample, demonstrating that selection of martensite variants takes place during cooling. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Witherspoon, Cassie; Chmielus, Markus; Muellner, Peter] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Zheng, Peiqi; Dunand, David C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Vogel, Sven C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, LANSCE, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mullner, P (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA. EM PeterMullner@BoiseState.edu RI Dunand, David/B-7515-2009; Chmielus, Markus/B-3819-2011; OI Chmielus, Markus/0000-0002-8688-6054; Dunand, David/0000-0001-5476-7379; Vogel, Sven C./0000-0003-2049-0361 FU National Science Foundation [NSF-DMR 1207192, DMR-1207282]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [SPP 1239, Schn 1106/1]; US Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396] FX This project was funded by the National Science Foundation through grant NSF-DMR 1207192 (Boise State University) and DMR-1207282 (Northwestern University). M.C. acknowledges partial financial support through the German Research Foundation (DFG) priority program SPP 1239 (grant No. Schn 1106/1). P.M. is thankful to ETH Zurich for donating magneto-mechanical testing devices. This work has benefited from the use of the Lujan Neutron Scattering Center at LANSCE, which is funded by the US Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 51 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 97 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 61 IS 6 BP 2113 EP 2120 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.12.032 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 107SP UT WOS:000316241400028 ER PT J AU Yu, X Babu, SS Terasaki, H Komizo, Y Yamamoto, Y Santella, ML AF Yu, X. Babu, S. S. Terasaki, H. Komizo, Y. Yamamoto, Y. Santella, M. L. TI Correlation of precipitate stability to increased creep resistance of Cr-Mo steel welds SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Cr-Mo steels; P91 grade; Tempering; Welding; Heat-affected zone ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEEL; IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; POWER-PLANT STEELS; HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; IV CRACKING; CARBIDE; BEHAVIOR; SOLIDIFICATION AB An order of magnitude decrease (from 16.0 x 10(-4) to 4.1 x 10(-4) % h(-1)) in steady-state creep rate was observed in the fine-grained heat-affected zone (HAZ) of a Cr-Mo steel weld by the reduction of the pre-weld tempering temperature from 760 degrees C (HTT) to 650 degrees C (LTT). The microstructure during each stage of the manufacturing path, including pre-weld temper, thermal cycling and post-weld heat treatment, was characterized using a suite of characterization techniques. The techniques included simulated thermal cycling, dilatometry and electron microscopy, as well as time-resolved X-ray diffraction using Synchrotron radiation. Both LTT and HTT steels before welding contain M23C6 (M = Cr, Fe) and MX (M = Nb, V; X = C, N) precipitates in a tempered martensite matrix. During simulated HAZ thermal cycling with different peak temperatures, changes in M23C6 carbide characteristics were observed between the HTT and LLT conditions, while MX precipitates remained stable in both conditions. Simulated post-weld heat treatment samples show larger M23C6 in the HTT condition than in the LIT condition. The results provide a solution to extending the life of Cr-Mo steel welded structures used in power plants. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Yu, X.; Babu, S. S.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43221 USA. [Terasaki, H.; Komizo, Y.] Osaka Univ, JWRI, Osaka, Japan. [Yu, X.; Yamamoto, Y.; Santella, M. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Yu, X (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, 1248 Arthur E Adams Dr, Columbus, OH 43221 USA. EM yu.345@osu.edu RI Babu, Sudarsanam/D-1694-2010; Yu, Xinghua/E-2254-2017 OI Babu, Sudarsanam/0000-0002-3531-2579; Yu, Xinghua/0000-0001-9605-8239 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. NR 40 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 50 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 61 IS 6 BP 2194 EP 2206 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.12.040 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 107SP UT WOS:000316241400035 ER PT J AU Provino, A Paudyal, D Fornasini, ML Dhiman, I Dhar, SK Das, A Mudryk, Y Manfrinetti, P Pecharsky, VK AF Provino, A. Paudyal, D. Fornasini, M. L. Dhiman, I. Dhar, S. K. Das, A. Mudryk, Y. Manfrinetti, P. Pecharsky, V. K. TI Unexpected crystal and magnetic structures in MnCu4In and MnCu4Sn SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Copper alloys; Crystallography; Ferromagnetic shape memory alloy; Hensler alloys; Magnetic properties ID SEMICONDUCTOR SPINTRONICS; HEUSLER ALLOYS AB We discovered a new compound MnCu4In with its own hexagonal structure type (hP12-P6(3)mc, ternary ordered derivative of the hexagonal MgZn2-type) that becomes ferromagnetic at T-C = 540 K. This transition temperature is higher than that found in the MnCu2In and MnCu2Sn alloys. In contrast, the homologous compound MnCu4Sn, which crystallizes in the cubic MgCu4Sn-type, orders antiferromagnetically with T-N = 110 K. The neutron diffraction studies show ferromagnetic spin orientation in the {1 0 1} plane in MnCu4In with a magnetic moment of 4.5 mu(B)/Mn at 22 K, and a corresponding value of 4.7 mu(B)/Mn in the antiferromagnetic MnCu4Sn with propagation vector (K) over right arrow = (1/2 1/2 1/2). The first-principles electronic structure calculations show that the unexpected difference in both magnetic and crystal structures of MnCu4In and MnCu4Sn is due to the difference in the Mn-3d bands and exchange interactions relating to different crystal anisotropy, coordination numbers, and interatomic distances. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Provino, A.; Paudyal, D.; Mudryk, Y.; Manfrinetti, P.; Pecharsky, V. K.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Provino, A.; Fornasini, M. L.; Manfrinetti, P.] Univ Genoa, Dept Chem, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Provino, A.; Manfrinetti, P.] CNR SPIN, I-16152 Genoa, Italy. [Dhiman, I.; Dhar, S. K.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Dept Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Das, A.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Solid State Phys, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Pecharsky, V. K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Paudyal, D (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM durga@ameslab.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division of the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy FX The Ames Laboratory is operated by Iowa State University of Science and Technology for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. The work at Ames Laboratory is supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering Division of the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 44 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 61 IS 6 BP 2236 EP 2243 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.12.043 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 107SP UT WOS:000316241400038 ER PT J AU Jennings, AT Weinberger, CR Lee, SW Aitken, ZH Meza, L Greer, JR AF Jennings, Andrew T. Weinberger, Christopher R. Lee, Seok-Woo Aitken, Zachary H. Meza, Lucas Greer, Julia R. TI Modeling dislocation nucleation strengths in pristine metallic nanowires under experimental conditions SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Dislocation; Nucleation; Plasticity; Strength; Nanowire ID COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS; ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; ULTRAHIGH STRENGTH; GOLD NANOWIRES; NANOPILLARS; SURFACE; COPPER; TEMPERATURE; NANOSCALE AB The nature of dislocation sources in small-scale metals is critical to understanding and building models of size-dependent crystalline strength at the nanoscale. Pre-existing dislocations with one pinning point can be readily described as truncated Frank-Read sources, and modeling their operation strengths is straightforward. In contrast, simple and accurate models describing surface dislocation nucleation processes remain elusive. Here, we develop a computationally simple model of heterogeneous dislocation nucleation from free surfaces by combining a continuum description of the nucleation process with the atomistic inputs where accuracy is critical. This model is used to derive the upper strength limits of single-crystalline face-centered cubic nanopillars as a function of size, material and crystal orientation for uniaxial compression and tension. The output parameter space of this model is critically compared against direct atomistic simulations, as well as experiments on tension of pristine gold nanowires and compression of copper nanopillars to highlight its virtues and limitations. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jennings, Andrew T.; Lee, Seok-Woo; Aitken, Zachary H.; Meza, Lucas; Greer, Julia R.] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Weinberger, Christopher R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Weinberger, CR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS1411, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM crweinb@sandia.gov RI Weinberger, Christopher/E-2602-2011; Lee, Seok-Woo/D-8205-2011; OI Weinberger, Christopher/0000-0001-9550-6992; Lee, Seok-Woo/0000-0001-6752-5694 FU Office of the Naval Research [N000140910883]; NSF [DMR-1204864]; CAREER [DMR-0748267]; Kavli Nanoscience Foundation; Sandia Corporation; US Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Office of the Naval Research (Grant No. N000140910883) and NSF grants DMR-1204864 and CAREER (DMR-0748267). J.R.G. and S.-W.L. are also thankful to the Kavli Nanoscience Foundation for the post-doctoral fellowship support. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Sandia National Laboratories Truman Fellowship in National Security Science and Engineering, sponsored by Sandia Corporation (a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation) as Operator of Sandia National Laboratories under its US Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 61 IS 6 BP 2244 EP 2259 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2012.12.044 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 107SP UT WOS:000316241400039 ER PT J AU Baturina, TI Vinokur, VM AF Baturina, Tatyana I. Vinokur, Valerii M. TI Superinsulator-superconductor duality in two dimensions SO ANNALS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Superconductivity; Localization; Josephson junction array; Nanoscale system; Disordered film; Superconductor-insulator transition ID JOSEPHSON-JUNCTION ARRAYS; QUANTUM PHASE-TRANSITIONS; LONG-RANGE ORDER; METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; CONTINUOUS SYMMETRY GROUP; INDIUM OXIDE-FILMS; IN-O FILMS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; THIN-FILM; TIN FILMS AB For nearly a half century the dominant orthodoxy has been that the only effect of the Cooper pairing is the state with zero resistivity at finite temperatures, superconductivity. In this work we demonstrate that by the symmetry of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle relating the amplitude and phase of the superconducting order parameter, Cooper pairing can generate the dual state with zero conductivity in the finite temperature range, superinsulation. We show that this duality realizes in the planar Josephson junction arrays (JJA) via the duality between the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition in the vortex-antivortex plasma, resulting in phase-coherent superconductivity below the transition temperature, and the charge-BKT transition occurring in the insulating state of JJA and marking formation of the low-temperature charge-BKT state, superinsulation. We find that in disordered superconducting films that are on the brink of superconductor-insulator transition the Coulomb forces between the charges acquire two-dimensional character, i.e. the corresponding interaction energy depends logarithmically upon charge separation, bringing the same vortex-charge-BKT transition duality, and realization of superinsulation in disordered films as the low-temperature charge-BKT state. Finally, we discuss possible applications and utilizations of superconductivity-superinsulation duality. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Baturina, Tatyana I.; Vinokur, Valerii M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Baturina, Tatyana I.] AV Rzhanov Inst Semicond Phys SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. RP Vinokur, VM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM tatbat@isp.nsc.ru; vinokour@anl.gov FU US Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-02-00152] FX We are delighted to thank D. Averin, N. Chtchelkatchev, E. Chudnovsky, R. Fazio, A. Glatz, L. Glazman, K. Matveev, A. Melnikov, V. Mineev, Yu. Nazarov, and Ch. Strunk for enlightening discussions. We are most grateful to D. Khomskii for careful reading of the manuscript and useful suggestions. The work was supported by the US Department of Energy Office of Science through the contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. The work of TB was partly supported by the Program "Quantum Mesoscopic and Disordered Systems" of the Russian Academy of Sciences and by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 12-02-00152). NR 184 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 68 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-4916 J9 ANN PHYS-NEW YORK JI Ann. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 331 BP 236 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.aop.2012.12.007 PG 22 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 105RI UT WOS:000316089700014 ER PT J AU Casadio, F Rose, V AF Casadio, Francesca Rose, Volker TI High-resolution fluorescence mapping of impurities in historical zinc oxide pigments: hard X-ray nanoprobe applications to the paints of Pablo Picasso SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID DEGRADATION PROCESS; LEAD CHROMATE; HOUSE PAINTS; IN-SITU; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTROMICROSCOPY; LIBRARY; SAMPLES AB Here for the first time we describe the use of high resolution nanoprobe X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping for the analysis of artists' paints, hierarchically complex materials typically composed of binder, pigments, fillers, and other additives. The work undertaken at the nanoprobe sought to obtain highly spatially resolved, highly sensitive mapping of metal impurities (Pb, Cd, Fe, and other metals) in submicron particles of zinc oxide pigments used in early 20th century artists' tube paints and enamel paints, with particular emphasis on Ripolin, a popular brand of French house paint used extensively by Pablo Picasso and some of his contemporaries. Analysis revealed that the Zn oxide particles only contain a little Fe, proving that the highest quality Zn oxide pigment, free of Pb and Cd, was used for Ripolin house paints as well as artists' paints. Nanoprobe XRF mapping also demonstrated that artists' tube paints generally have more abundant fillers and additional whites (based on Pb, Ti, Ca) than Ripolin paints, which contain mostly pure zinc oxide. The chemical characterization of paints at the nanoscale opens the path to a better understanding of their fabrication and chemical reactivity. C1 [Casadio, Francesca] Art Inst Chicago, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. [Rose, Volker] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Rose, Volker] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Casadio, F (reprint author), Art Inst Chicago, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. EM fcasadio@artic.edu RI Rose, Volker/B-1103-2008 OI Rose, Volker/0000-0002-9027-1052 FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; A.W. Mellon Foundation; Grainger Foundation; Barker Welfare Foundation; Stockman Family Foundation FX Jerald Kavich and Gwenaelle Gautier are gratefully acknowledged for assistance with the experimental work. Anna Vila is thanked for STEM images of zinc white paints; John Delaney and Michael Palmer at the National Gallery, Washington DC, for SEM/EDX images; and Mathieu Thoury for preliminary luminescence measurements. Michael Skalka, also of the National Gallery, Washington DC, is thanked for providing a sample of American Ripolin. Jean-Louis Andral (Musee Picasso Antibes), Gilles Barabant and colleagues (C2RMF) are gratefully acknowledged for the availability of the Antibes sample. Kimberley Muir is thanked for research on historical production of Zn oxide. Use of the Advanced Photon Source and the Center for Nanoscale Materials, Office of Science User Facilities operated for the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Scientific research at the Art Institute of Chicago is generously supported by the A.W. Mellon Foundation, the Grainger Foundation, the Barker Welfare Foundation, and the Stockman Family Foundation. NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 57 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD APR PY 2013 VL 111 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1007/s00339-012-7534-x PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 105MS UT WOS:000316075700001 ER PT J AU Notis, M Newbury, B Stephenson, B Stephenson, GB AF Notis, Michael Newbury, Brian Stephenson, Bruce Stephenson, G. Brian TI Synchrotron X-ray diffraction and fluorescence study of the astrolabe SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID BRASS ASTROLABES; METALLURGY AB The astrolabe is an ancient analogue astronomical computing device used for calculations relating to position and time of the observer's location. In its most common form (the planispheric astrolabe), it consists of an engraved plate or series of plates held together and pinned in a housing, the assembly usually being made of brass. The present study describes the use of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) in a synchrotron to elucidate the composition of, and fabrication techniques used for, the major component parts of the astrolabe. The synchrotron XRF studies are compared to similar studies made with a handheld XRF instrument and the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches are discussed. C1 [Notis, Michael] Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Newbury, Brian] ExxonMobil Dev Co, Houston, TX USA. [Stephenson, Bruce] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Chicago, IL USA. [Stephenson, G. Brian] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Notis, M (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM mrn1@lehigh.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD APR PY 2013 VL 111 IS 1 BP 129 EP 134 DI 10.1007/s00339-012-7480-7 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 105MS UT WOS:000316075700016 ER PT J AU Alfeld, M Siddons, DP Janssens, K Dik, J Woll, A Kirkham, R van de Wetering, E AF Alfeld, Matthias Siddons, D. Peter Janssens, Koen Dik, Joris Woll, Arthur Kirkham, Robin van de Wetering, Ernst TI Visualizing the 17th century underpainting in Portrait of an Old Man by Rembrandt van Rijn using synchrotron-based scanning macro-XRF SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID PAINTINGS; MICROPROBE; PIXE AB In 17th century Old Master Paintings, the underpainting generally refers to the first sketch of a composition. The underpainting is applied to a prepared ground using a monochrome, brown oil paint to roughly indicate light, shade and contours. So far, methods to visualize the underpainting-other than in localized cross-sections-have been very limited. Neither infrared reflectography nor neutron induced autoradiography have proven to be practical, adequate visualization tools. Thus, although of fundamental interest in the understanding of a painting's genesis, the underpainting has virtually escaped all imaging efforts. In this contribution we will show that 17th century underpainting may consist of a highly heterogeneous mixture of pigments, including copper pigments. We suggest that this brown pigment mixture is actually the recycled left-over of a palette scraping. With copper as the heaviest exclusive elemental component, we will hence show in a case study on a Portrait of an Old Man attributed to Rembrandt van Rijn how scanning macro-XRF can be used to efficiently visualize the underpainting below the surface painting and how this information can contribute to the discussion of the painting's authenticity. C1 [Alfeld, Matthias; Janssens, Koen] Univ Antwerp, Dept Chem, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Siddons, D. Peter] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Dik, Joris] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Mat Sci, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands. [Woll, Arthur] Cornell Univ, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kirkham, Robin] CSIRO, Mat Sci & Engn, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. [van de Wetering, Ernst] Kunsthistorisch Inst, Rembrandt Res Project, NL-1016 BX Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Alfeld, M (reprint author), Univ Antwerp, Dept Chem, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. EM matthias.alfeld@ua.ac.be; koen.janssens@ua.ac.be RI Kirkham, Robin/C-9786-2010; Janssens, Koen/B-8049-2011; Alfeld, Matthias/L-6748-2016 OI Kirkham, Robin/0000-0003-1012-3496; Janssens, Koen/0000-0002-6752-6408; Alfeld, Matthias/0000-0001-7974-9564 FU SSD programme of BELSPO, Brussels [S2-ART]; FWO (Brussels, Belgium) [G.0704.08, G.01769.09]; European Community [226716]; Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This research was supported by the SSD programme of BELSPO, Brussels (project S2-ART). The text also presents results of GOA 'XANES meets ELNES' (Research Fund, University of Antwerp, Belgium) and from FWO (Brussels, Belgium) projects nos. G.0704.08 and G.01769.09. Further, the research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 226716. M. Alfeld receives a Ph.D. fellowship of the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO). Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. We acknowledge the assistance of C. Ryan, CSIRO Australia, in the preparation of the elemental maps using GeoPIXE and Rene Gerritsen (http://www.renegerritsen.nl) in providing photographs, XRR and IRR of the painting. We thank Sullivan Entertainment for documenting part of this project in their TV documentary 'Out of the shadows'. NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0947-8396 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD APR PY 2013 VL 111 IS 1 BP 157 EP 164 DI 10.1007/s00339-012-7490-5 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 105MS UT WOS:000316075700019 ER PT J AU Shin, HM McKone, TE Bennett, DH AF Shin, Hyeong-Moo McKone, Thomas E. Bennett, Deborah H. TI Evaluating environmental modeling and sampling data with biomarker data to identify sources and routes of exposure SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Biomarker; Environmental modeling; Exposure routes; Food intake ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DIETARY EXPOSURE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; UNITED-STATES; OUTDOOR AIR; INDOOR AIR; PAH; URINE; ATMOSPHERE; CHILDREN AB Exposure to environmental chemicals results from multiple sources, environmental media, and exposure routes. Ideally, modeled exposures should be compared to biomonitoring data. This study compares the magnitude and variation of modeled polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposures resulting from emissions to outdoor and indoor air and estimated exposure inferred from biomarker levels. Outdoor emissions result in both inhalation and food-based exposures. We modeled PAH intake doses using U.S. EPA's 2002 National Air Toxics Assessment (NATA) county-level emissions data for outdoor inhalation, the CalTOX model for food ingestion (based on NATA emissions), and indoor air concentrations from field studies for indoor inhalation. We then compared the modeled intake with the measured urine levels of hydroxy-PAH metabolites from the 2001-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) survey as quantifiable human intake of PAH parent-compounds. Lognormal probability plots of modeled intakes and estimated intakes inferred from biomarkers suggest that a primary route of exposure to naphthalene, fluorene, and phenanthrene for the U.S. population is likely inhalation from indoor sources. For benzo(a)pyrene, the predominant exposure route is likely from food ingestion resulting from multi-pathway transport and bioaccumulation due to outdoor emissions. Multiple routes of exposure are important for pyrene. We also considered the sensitivity of the predicted exposure to the proportion of the total naphthalene production volume emitted to the indoor environment. The comparison of PAH biomarkers with exposure variability estimated from models and sample data for various exposure pathways supports that both indoor and outdoor models are needed to capture the sources and routes of exposure to environmental contaminants. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Shin, Hyeong-Moo; Bennett, Deborah H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McKone, Thomas E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McKone, Thomas E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Shin, HM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, 1 Shields Ave,MS1-C, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM hmshin@ucdavis.edu FU American Chemistry Council [3-DBACC01]; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U19/EH000097-02]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy FX This research is funded by the American Chemistry Council (Grant#: 3-DBACC01). T. McKone was supported in part by Cooperative Agreement Number U19/EH000097-02 from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This manuscript has been prepared by an author at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 57 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 65 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD APR PY 2013 VL 69 BP 148 EP 155 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.12.027 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 103QB UT WOS:000315932800016 ER PT J AU Marten, AL Kopp, RE Shouse, KC Griffiths, CW Hodson, EL Kopits, E Mignone, BK Moore, C Newbold, SC Waldhoff, S Wolverton, A AF Marten, Alex L. Kopp, Robert E. Shouse, Kate C. Griffiths, Charles W. Hodson, Elke L. Kopits, Elizabeth Mignone, Bryan K. Moore, Chris Newbold, Steve C. Waldhoff, Stephanie Wolverton, Ann TI Improving the assessment and valuation of climate change impacts for policy and regulatory analysis SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article C1 [Marten, Alex L.; Griffiths, Charles W.; Kopits, Elizabeth; Moore, Chris; Newbold, Steve C.; Wolverton, Ann] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Kopp, Robert E.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Kopp, Robert E.] Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Energy Inst, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Shouse, Kate C.] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Hodson, Elke L.; Mignone, Bryan K.] US DOE, Off Climate Change Policy & Technol, Washington, DC 20585 USA. [Hodson, Elke L.] Amer Assoc Advancement Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Waldhoff, Stephanie] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD USA. RP Marten, AL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM marten.alex@epa.gov OI Kopp, Robert/0000-0003-4016-9428 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD APR PY 2013 VL 117 IS 3 SI SI BP 433 EP 438 DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0608-0 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 106FS UT WOS:000316129000001 ER PT J AU Painter, SL Robinson, BA Dash, ZV AF Painter, Scott L. Robinson, Bruce A. Dash, Zora V. TI Calculation of resident groundwater concentration by post-processing particle-tracking results SO COMPUTATIONAL GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Particle tracking; Contaminant transport; Radionuclide transport ID POROUS-MEDIA; TRANSPORT; SIMULATION; FRACTURES AB A post-processing technique that allows relatively simple random walk particle-tracking results to be extrapolated to transport scenarios of considerably more complexity has traditionally been used to calculate flux at specified monitoring locations. Previous extensions of the post-processing approach to calculate resident groundwater concentrations could not disentangle concentrations of mobile and immobile mass in dual-porosity systems, which limited their utility. A variant of the post-processing method that allows for the calculation of resident concentrations of mobile and immobile mass is introduced and tested. The resulting combination of methods-random walk particle tracking without retention processes followed by post-processing to add the effects of retention-is a powerful and practical strategy for assessing the transport of radionuclides or other contaminants in field-scale applications. C1 [Painter, Scott L.; Dash, Zora V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Robinson, Bruce A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Civilian Nucl Energy Program Off, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Painter, SL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM spainter@lanl.gov RI Painter, Scott/C-2586-2016 OI Painter, Scott/0000-0002-0901-6987 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1420-0597 J9 COMPUTAT GEOSCI JI Comput. Geosci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 17 IS 2 BP 189 EP 196 DI 10.1007/s10596-012-9325-z PG 8 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 107LZ UT WOS:000316220100001 ER PT J AU Gerstenberger, A Scovazzi, G Collis, SS AF Gerstenberger, A. Scovazzi, G. Collis, S. S. TI Computing gravity-driven viscous fingering in complex subsurface geometries: A high-order discontinuous Galerkin approach SO COMPUTATIONAL GEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Viscous fingering; Discontinuous Galerkin method; Gravity-driven flows; Porous media flows ID REACTIVE TRANSPORT PROBLEMS; FINITE-ELEMENT METHODS; POROUS-MEDIA; ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS; SALINE AQUIFERS; CONVECTION; FLOW; POROELASTICITY; APPROXIMATIONS; STABILITY AB We present a formulation of the discontinuous Galerkin method aimed for simulations of gravity-driven viscous fingering instabilities occurring in porous media flow. Specifically, we are targeting applications characterized by complex geometrical features. Viscous fingering instabilities play a very important role in carbon sequestration in brine aquifers. The proposed method has the ability to preserve high order of accuracy on completely unstructured meshes, a feature that makes it ideal for high-fidelity computations of the challenging fingering flow patterns and very complex geometries of actual reservoirs and aquifers. An extensive set of numerical computations is also included, to confirm the stability, accuracy, and robustness of the method. C1 [Gerstenberger, A.; Collis, S. S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Numer Anal & Applicat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Scovazzi, G.] Duke Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Scovazzi, G (reprint author), Duke Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Room 121 Hudson Hall,Box 90287, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM guglielmo.scovazzi@duke.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Department of Energy's Office of Science [10-014677] FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.; The authors would like to thank Prof. Mary F. Wheeler and her Center for Subsurface Modeling Team at the University of Texas in Austin for the very valuable discussions and advice. Special thanks to the Scalable Computer Architecture Team at CSRI for providing computation time on their cluster. The authors would like to acknowledge the support of Department of Energy's Office of Science through the SciDAC-e Research Grant "Algebraic Multi-Grid Methods for Modeling and Simulation of Carbon Sequestration Processes on Multi-Core/GPU Architectures," no. 10-014677. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1420-0597 J9 COMPUTAT GEOSCI JI Comput. Geosci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 17 IS 2 BP 351 EP 372 DI 10.1007/s10596-012-9334-y PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geology GA 107LZ UT WOS:000316220100010 ER PT J AU Jones, T Koenig, GA AF Jones, Terry Koenig, Gregory A. TI Clock synchronization in high-end computing environments: a strategy for minimizing clock variance at runtime SO CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE LA English DT Article DE time service; clock synchronization; MPI; supercomputing; system software; programming tools ID TIME AB We present a new software-based clock synchronization scheme that provides high precision time agreement among distributed memory nodes. The technique is designed to minimize variance from a reference chimer during runtime and with minimal time-request latency. Our scheme permits initial unbounded variations in time and corrects both slow and fast chimers (clock skew). An implementation developed within the context of the message passing interface is described, and time coordination measurements are presented. Among our results, the mean time variance for a set of nodes improved from 20.0 ms under standard Network Time Protocol down to 2.29 s under our scheme. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Jones, Terry; Koenig, Gregory A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jones, T (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM trj@ornl.gov OI Jones, Terry/0000-0003-2187-9707 FU Office of Science of the Department of Energy; INCITE award; U.S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX The authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources and assistance provided by the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. These Oak Ridge National Laboratory resources are supported by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy and were made available by an INCITE award. Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.; The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U. S. Government retains a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U. S. Government purposes. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1532-0626 EI 1532-0634 J9 CONCURR COMP-PRACT E JI Concurr. Comput.-Pract. Exp. PD APR PY 2013 VL 25 IS 6 SI SI BP 881 EP 897 DI 10.1002/cpe.2868 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 110BY UT WOS:000316418300008 ER PT J AU van der Veen, GJ van Wingerden, JW Fleming, PA Scholbrock, AK Verhaegen, M AF van der Veen, G. J. van Wingerden, J. W. Fleming, P. A. Scholbrock, A. K. Verhaegen, M. TI Global data-driven modeling of wind turbines in the presence of turbulence SO CONTROL ENGINEERING PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Closed-loop system identification; Wind turbines; Data-driven modeling; Hammerstein systems; Turbulence ID IDENTIFICATION AB This paper presents a practical approach to identify a global model of a wind turbine from operational data, while it operates in a turbulent wind field with a varying mean wind speed and under closed-loop control. The approach is based on the realization that the nonlinearities are dominated by the aerodynamics of the rotor, which change with the operating condition. The dynamics of a wind turbine can be decomposed into a nonlinear static part, governed by the torque and thrust characteristics of the rotor, and a linear time-invariant dynamic part The multi-input-multi-output linear dynamics are estimated using a recent closed-loop subspace identification method. The practical applicability of the algorithm is demonstrated by applying it to data obtained from the NREL CART 3 research turbine. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [van der Veen, G. J.; van Wingerden, J. W.; Verhaegen, M.] Delft Univ Technol, Delft Ctr Syst & Control, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands. [Fleming, P. A.; Scholbrock, A. K.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP van der Veen, GJ (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Delft Ctr Syst & Control, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands. EM g.j.vanderveen@tudelft.nl; j.w.vanwingerden@tudelft.nl; paul.fleming@nrel.gov; andrew.scholbrock@nrel.gov; m.verhaegen@tudelft.nl RI van Wingerden, Jan-Willem/C-2761-2013; van der Veen, Gijs/C-3488-2014; OI van der Veen, Gijs/0000-0003-1009-3506; Fleming, Paul/0000-0001-8249-2544 FU Vestas Wind Systems A/S, Denmark; Wind and Water Power Program, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX The authors would like to thank Alan Wright and Lee Jay Fingersh of NREL for their help and useful discussions. The authors thank Torben Knudsen and four anonymous reviewers for their valued feedback. The work of G.J. van der Veen was supported by Vestas Wind Systems A/S, Denmark.; NREL's contributions to this paper were funded by the Wind and Water Power Program, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors are solely responsible for any omission or errors contained herein. NR 57 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0967-0661 J9 CONTROL ENG PRACT JI Control Eng. Practice PD APR PY 2013 VL 21 IS 4 BP 441 EP 454 DI 10.1016/j.conengprac.2012.12.008 PG 14 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 104ZX UT WOS:000316036500010 ER PT J AU Nasybulin, E Xu, W Engelhard, MH Li, XHS Gu, M Hu, DH Zhang, JG AF Nasybulin, Eduard Xu, Wu Engelhard, Mark H. Li, Xiaohong S. Gu, Meng Hu, Dehong Zhang, Ji-Guang TI Electrocatalytic properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) in Li-O-2 battery SO ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Li-O-2 battery; Conducting polymer; PEDOT; Electrocatalytic effect ID DISCHARGE; ELECTRODE AB The catalytic activity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was investigated during oxygen reduction/evolution reactions in Li-O-2 batteries. PEDOT was prepared by in situ chemical polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer in carbon matrix. PEDOT significantly reduces the overvoltage of the charging process in a Li-O-2 battery. The electrocatalytic effect of PEDOT can be attributed to its redox activity. Apparently, PEDOT acts as a mediator in electron transfer during discharge and charge processes. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nasybulin, Eduard; Xu, Wu; Engelhard, Mark H.; Li, Xiaohong S.; Gu, Meng; Hu, Dehong; Zhang, Ji-Guang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Xu, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM wu.xu@pnnl.gov; jiguang.zhang@pnnl.gov RI Hu, Dehong/B-4650-2010; Gu, Meng/B-8258-2013; OI Hu, Dehong/0000-0002-3974-2963; Xu, Wu/0000-0002-2685-8684; Engelhard, Mark/0000-0002-5543-0812 FU Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technology of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technology of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), and by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Part of the analysis was performed using Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1388-2481 J9 ELECTROCHEM COMMUN JI Electrochem. Commun. PD APR PY 2013 VL 29 BP 63 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.elecom.2013.01.011 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 111OX UT WOS:000316531700017 ER PT J AU Faunce, T Styring, S Wasielewski, MR Brudvig, GW Rutherford, AW Messinger, J Lee, AF Hill, CL deGroot, H Fontecave, M MacFarlane, DR Hankamer, B Nocera, DG Tiede, DM Dau, H Hillier, W Wang, LZ Amal, R AF Faunce, Thomas Styring, Stenbjorn Wasielewski, Michael R. Brudvig, Gary W. Rutherford, A. William Messinger, Johannes Lee, Adam F. Hill, Craig L. deGroot, Huub Fontecave, Marc MacFarlane, Doug R. Hankamer, Ben Nocera, Daniel G. Tiede, David M. Dau, Holger Hillier, Warwick Wang, Lianzhou Amal, Rose TI Artificial photosynthesis as a frontier technology for energy sustainability SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Faunce, Thomas] Australian Natl Univ, Coll Med Biol & Environm, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Faunce, Thomas] Australian Natl Univ, Coll Law, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Styring, Stenbjorn] Uppsala Univ, Dept Photochem & Mol Sci, Angstrom Lab, S-57120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Wasielewski, Michael R.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Argonne Northwestern Solar Energy Res ANSER Ctr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Brudvig, Gary W.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Rutherford, A. William] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Chair Biochem Solar Energy, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Messinger, Johannes] Umea Univ, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. [Lee, Adam F.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Chem, Cardiff CF10 3AT, S Glam, Wales. [Hill, Craig L.] Emory Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [deGroot, Huub] Leiden Univ, Leiden Inst Chem, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Fontecave, Marc] Coll France, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [MacFarlane, Doug R.] Monash Univ, Monash Ion Liquids Grp, Clayton, Vic, Australia. [Hankamer, Ben] Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Nocera, Daniel G.] Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tiede, David M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Solar Energy Convers Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dau, Holger] Free Univ Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Hillier, Warwick] Australian Natl Univ, Coll Med Biol & Environm, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Wang, Lianzhou] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem Engn, ARC Ctr Excellence Funct Nanomat, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Amal, Rose] UNSW, Sch Chem Engn, ARC Ctr Excellence Funct Nanomat, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Faunce, T (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Coll Med Biol & Environm, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM Thomas.Faunce@anu.edu.au; stenbjorn.styring@fotomol.uu.se; m-wasielewski@northwestern.edu; gary.brudvig@yale.edu; a.rutherford@imperial.ac.uk; johannes.messinger@chem.umu.se; leeaf@cardiff.ac.uk; chill@emory.edu; groot_h@lic.leidenuniv.nl; marc.fontecave@cea.fr; Douglas.MacFarlane@monash.edu; b.hankamer@imb.uq.edu.au; Daniel_nocera@harvard.edu; tiede@anl.gov; holger.dau@fu-berlin.de; warwick.hillier@anu.edu.au; l.wang@uq.edu.au; r.amal@unsw.edu.au RI MacFarlane, Douglas/A-9642-2008; Lee, Adam/D-1162-2009; Wang, Lianzhou/J-2140-2014; Amal, Rose/D-4749-2011; de Groot, Huub/J-4741-2012; Styring, Stenbjorn/L-8414-2016; OI MacFarlane, Douglas/0000-0001-5963-9659; Lee, Adam/0000-0002-2153-1391; Wang, Lianzhou/0000-0002-5947-306X; Amal, Rose/0000-0001-9561-4918; de Groot, Huub/0000-0002-8796-1212; Styring, Stenbjorn/0000-0002-2803-9244; Hankamer, Ben/0000-0001-9284-4929 NR 16 TC 110 Z9 111 U1 11 U2 263 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 6 IS 4 BP 1074 EP 1076 DI 10.1039/c3ee40534f PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 110TJ UT WOS:000316468600002 ER PT J AU Payne, TE Brendler, V Ochs, M Baeyens, B Brown, PL Davis, JA Ekberg, C Kulik, DA Lutzenkirchen, J Missana, T Tachi, Y Van Loon, LR Altmann, S AF Payne, T. E. Brendler, V. Ochs, M. Baeyens, B. Brown, P. L. Davis, J. A. Ekberg, C. Kulik, D. A. Lutzenkirchen, J. Missana, T. Tachi, Y. Van Loon, L. R. Altmann, S. TI Guidelines for thermodynamic sorption modelling in the context of radioactive waste disposal SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Sorption; Modelling; Radioactive waste; Repository; Distribution coefficient ID SURFACE COMPLEXATION MODEL; URANIUM(VI) ADSORPTION; MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES; AQUIFER SEDIMENTS; OPALINUS CLAY; TRANSPORT; MONTMORILLONITE; COEFFICIENTS; INTERFACE; DIFFUSION AB Thermodynamic sorption models (TSMs) offer the potential to improve the incorporation of sorption in environmental modelling of contaminant migration. One specific application is safety cases for radioactive waste repositories, in which radionuclide sorption on mineral surfaces is usually described using distribution coefficients (K-d values). TSMs can be utilised to provide a scientific basis for the range of K-d values included in the repository safety case, and for assessing the response of K-d to changes in chemical conditions. The development of a TSM involves a series of decisions on model features such as numbers and types of surface sites, sorption reactions and electrostatic correction factors. There has been a lack of consensus on the best ways to develop such models, and on the methods of determination of associated parameter values. The present paper therefore presents recommendations on a number of aspects of model development, which are applicable both to radioactive waste disposal and broader environmental applications. The TSM should be calibrated using a comprehensive sorption data set for the contaminant of interest, showing the impact of major geochemical parameters including pH, ionic strength, contaminant concentration, the effect of ligands, and major competing ions. Complex natural materials should be thoroughly characterised in terms of mineralogy, surface area, cation exchange capacity, and presence of impurities. During the application of numerical optimisation programs to simulate sorption data, it is often preferable that the TSM should be fitted to the experimentally determined K-d parameter, rather than to the frequently used percentage sorbed. Two different modelling approaches, the component additivity and generalised composite, can be used for modelling sorption data for complex materials such as soils. Both approaches may be coupled to the same critically reviewed aqueous thermodynamic data sets, and may incorporate the same, or similar, surface reactions and surface species. The quality of the final sorption model can be assessed against the following characteristics: an appropriate level of complexity, documented and traceable decisions, internal consistency, limitations on the number of adjustable parameter values, an adequate fit to a comprehensive calibration data set, and capability of simulating independent data sets. Key recommendations for the process of TSM development include: definition of modelling objectives, identification of major decision points, a clear decision-making rationale with reference to experimental or theoretical evidence, utilisation of a suitable consultative and iterative model development process, testing to the maximum practicable extent, and thorough documentation of key decisions. These recommendations are consistent with international benchmarks for environmental modelling. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Payne, T. E.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia. [Brendler, V.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, D-01314 Dresden, Germany. [Ochs, M.] BMG Engn Ltd, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland. [Baeyens, B.; Kulik, D. A.; Van Loon, L. R.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Brown, P. L.] Geochem Australia, Kiama 2533, Australia. [Davis, J. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ekberg, C.] Chalmers, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Lutzenkirchen, J.] KIT INE, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Missana, T.] CIEMAT Dept Environm, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Tachi, Y.] JAEA, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191194, Japan. [Altmann, S.] ANDRA, F-92298 Chatenay Malabry, France. RP Payne, TE (reprint author), Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia. EM tep@ansto.gov.au RI Payne, Timothy/F-2545-2010; Missana, Tiziana/E-4646-2010; Lutzenkirchen, Johannes/E-8269-2012; Davis, James/G-2788-2015 OI Payne, Timothy/0000-0002-3502-7567; Missana, Tiziana/0000-0003-3052-5185; Lutzenkirchen, Johannes/0000-0002-0611-2746; NR 56 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 8 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD APR PY 2013 VL 42 BP 143 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.01.002 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 110JA UT WOS:000316437200011 ER PT J AU Hamada, Y Stow, DA Roberts, DA Franklin, J Kyriakidis, PC AF Hamada, Yuki Stow, Douglas A. Roberts, Dar A. Franklin, Janet Kyriakidis, Phaedon C. TI Assessing and monitoring semi-arid shrublands using object-based image analysis and multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Remote sensing; Habitat monitoring; Shrublands; Mixture models; Object-based image analysis ID COASTAL SAGE SCRUB; GREEN VEGETATION; NEW-MEXICO; MULTISPECTRAL IMAGERY; COVER; HABITAT; MULTIRESOLUTION; RESILIENCE; ECOSYSTEMS; PATTERNS AB Arid and semi-arid shrublands have significant biological and economical values and have been experiencing dramatic changes due to human activities. In California, California sage scrub (CSS) is one of the most endangered plant communities in the US and requires close monitoring in order to conserve this important biological resource. We investigate the utility of remote-sensing approaches-object-based image analysis applied to pansharpened QuickBird imagery (QBPS/OBIA) and multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis (MESMA) applied to SPOT imagery (SPOT/MESMA)-for estimating fractional cover of true shrub, subshrub, herb, and bare ground within CSS communities of southern California. We also explore the effectiveness of life-form cover maps for assessing CSS conditions. Overall and combined shrub cover (i.e., true shrub and subshrub) were estimated more accurately using QBPS/OBIA (mean absolute error or MAE, 8.9 %) than SPOT/MESMA (MAE, 11.4 %). Life-form cover from QBPS/OBIA at a 25 x 25 m grid cell size seems most desirable for assessing CSS because of its higher accuracy and spatial detail in cover estimates and amenability to extracting other vegetation information (e.g., size, shape, and density of shrub patches). Maps derived from SPOT/MESMA at a 50 x 50 m scale are effective for retrospective analysis of life-form cover change because their comparable accuracies to QBPS/OBIA and availability of SPOT archives data dating back to the mid-1980s. The framework in this study can be applied to other physiognomically comparable shrubland communities. C1 [Hamada, Yuki] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Hamada, Yuki; Stow, Douglas A.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Roberts, Dar A.; Kyriakidis, Phaedon C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Franklin, Janet] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Kyriakidis, Phaedon C.] Univ Aegean, Dept Geog, Mitilini, Greece. RP Hamada, Y (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM yhamada@anl.gov RI Ma, Lei/I-4597-2014; OI Kyriakidis, Phaedon/0000-0003-4222-8567 FU National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA) Research, Education and Applications Solution Network (REASoN) project [NCC13-03007]; Association of Environmental Professionals thorough Environmental Research Grant; San Diego State University FX Scanned color infrared and QuickBird images were acquired with funding from the National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA) Research, Education and Applications Solution Network (REASoN) project (cooperative agreement NCC13-03007). The 2005 SPOT 5 image was made available by the University of California, Santa Barbara Resource Center for SPOT Imagery. The research was partly supported by an Association of Environmental Professionals thorough Environmental Research Grant and San Diego State University. The authors thank Drs. Arthur Getis and Cort Willmott for helpful suggestions for statistical analysis for accuracy assessment; Keely Roth and Kris Kuzera for tremendous support for programming; Lloyd Coulter, Dave McKinsey, and Harry Johnson for technical support; and Daniel Hawtree for field work assistance. NR 58 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD APR PY 2013 VL 185 IS 4 BP 3173 EP 3190 DI 10.1007/s10661-012-2781-z PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 100WV UT WOS:000315736500024 PM 22864579 ER PT J AU Su, DA Shukla, AK Chen, BW Kim, JS Nakayasu, E Qu, Y Aryal, U Weitz, K Clauss, TRW Monroe, ME Camp, DG Bigelow, DJ Smith, RD Kulkarni, RN Qian, WJ AF Su, Dian Shukla, Anil K. Chen, Baowei Kim, Jong-Seo Nakayasu, Ernesto Qu, Yi Aryal, Uma Weitz, Karl Clauss, Therese R. W. Monroe, Matthew E. Camp, David G., II Bigelow, Diana J. Smith, Richard D. Kulkarni, Rohit N. Qian, Wei-Jun TI Quantitative site-specific reactivity profiling of S-nitrosylation in mouse skeletal muscle using cysteinyl peptide enrichment coupled with mass spectrometry SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE S-nitrosylation; Redox regulation; Chemical enrichment; Mouse muscle; Proteomics; LC-MS/MS; Free radicals ID BIOTIN-SWITCH ASSAY; COMPLEX PROTEIN MIXTURES; RETICULUM CA-ATPASE; LARGE GENE LISTS; NITRIC-OXIDE; POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION; NITROSATED PROTEINS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; RYANODINE RECEPTOR; INSULIN-RECEPTOR AB S-nitrosylation, the formation of S-nitrosothiol (SNO), is an important reversible thiol oxidation event that has been increasingly recognized for its role in cell signaling. Although many proteins susceptible to S-nitrosylation have been reported, site-specific identification of physiologically relevant SNO modifications remains an analytical challenge because of the low abundance and labile nature of this modification. Herein we present further improvement and optimization of the recently reported resin-assisted cysteinyl peptide enrichment protocol for SNO identification and its application to mouse skeletal muscle to identify specific cysteine sites sensitive to S-nitrosylation by a quantitative reactivity profiling strategy. Our results indicate that the protein- and peptide-level enrichment protocols provide comparable specificity and coverage of SNO-peptide identifications. S-nitrosylation reactivity profiling was performed by quantitatively comparing the site-specific SNO modification levels in samples treated with S-nitrosoglutathione, an NO donor, at two different concentrations (i.e., 10 and 100 mu M). The reactivity profiling experiments led to the identification of 488 SNO-modified sites from 197 proteins with specificity of similar to 95% at the unique peptide level, i.e., similar to 95% of enriched peptides contain cysteine residues as the originally SNO-modified sites. Among these sites, 281 from 145 proteins were considered more sensitive to S-nitrosylation based on the ratios of observed SNO levels between the two treatments. These SNO-sensitive sites are more likely to be physiologically relevant. Many of the SNO-sensitive proteins are localized in mitochondria, contractile fiber, and actin cytoskeleton, suggesting the susceptibility of these subcellular compartments to redox regulation. Moreover, these observed SNO-sensitive proteins are primarily involved in metabolic pathways, including the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, glutathione metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism, suggesting the importance of redox regulation in muscle metabolism and insulin action. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Su, Dian; Shukla, Anil K.; Chen, Baowei; Kim, Jong-Seo; Nakayasu, Ernesto; Qu, Yi; Aryal, Uma; Weitz, Karl; Clauss, Therese R. W.; Monroe, Matthew E.; Camp, David G., II; Bigelow, Diana J.; Smith, Richard D.; Qian, Wei-Jun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Kulkarni, Rohit N.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Joslin Diabet Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Qian, WJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Weijun.qian@pnnl.gov RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 FU NIH [DP2OD006668, R01 DK074795, P41 RR018522, P41 GM103493]; DOE [DE-AC05-76RLO-1830] FX Portions of this work were supported by the NIH Director's New Innovator Award Program DP2OD006668, a DOE Early Career Research Award, and NIH Grants R01 DK074795, P41 RR018522, and P41 GM103493. Experimental work was performed in the Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, a DOE/BER national scientific user facility at PNNL in Richland, Washington. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-76RLO-1830. NR 79 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD APR PY 2013 VL 57 BP 68 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.12.010 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 105AC UT WOS:000316037000008 PM 23277143 ER PT J AU Damianakis, MA Bement, MT Liang, SY AF Damianakis, Michael A. Bement, Matthew T. Liang, Steven Y. TI Kinematics prediction and experimental validation of machined surface roughness SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Machining; Kinematics; Surface roughness ID TOPOGRAPHY; VIBRATIONS; SIMULATION; MODEL AB Online monitoring of surface roughness is a desirable capability for machining processes; however, 100 % inspection of all parts is not feasible unless it can be integrated into the machining process itself through real-time monitoring of cutting conditions. One strategy is to feed these conditions into a predictive modeling kernel which would in turn give the properties of the finished part. In the case of roughness, the surface resulting from turning can be largely represented as the trace of the passing tool geometry. The question addressed herein is whether computationally intensive modeling of the surface accounting for tool nose radius is necessary for online monitoring of surface roughness. This paper presents a predictive modeling methodology wherein the tool-workpiece contact position varies under a simple cutting model, and the resulting surface roughness is estimated. It presents the concept of calculating a "pseudo-roughness" value based only on tool tip locations and to compare this value to that determined by full predictive modeling of the tool geometry. Cutting experimental data has been presented and compared to predictions for model validation. It is found that the root mean square roughness calculation is dominated by tool geometry, rather than tool position deviations and surface roughness estimation could be implemented without a computationally intensive modeling component, thereby enabling online monitoring and potentially real-time control of the part finish. C1 [Damianakis, Michael A.; Liang, Steven Y.] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Bement, Matthew T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Liang, SY (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM steven.liang@me.gatech.edu OI Bement, Matthew/0000-0003-3577-3292 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0268-3768 J9 INT J ADV MANUF TECH JI Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 65 IS 9-12 BP 1651 EP 1657 DI 10.1007/s00170-012-4286-x PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 109JT UT WOS:000316364000036 ER PT J AU Woods, J Pellegrino, J AF Woods, Jason Pellegrino, John TI Heat and mass transfer in liquid-to-liquid membrane contactors: Design approach and model applicability SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE Absorption heat pump; Desiccant; Membrane contactor; Membrane distillation; Modeling ID PORE-SIZE DISTRIBUTION; HOLLOW-FIBER MEMBRANES; MICROPOROUS MEMBRANES; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; DISTILLATION PROCESS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; TRANSPORT; FLOW; TORTUOSITY; DYNAMICS AB Detailed design analysis of an ambient-pressure, membrane-based heat pump serves as a basis for examining the applicability of a variety of correlations used in coupled heat and mass transfer devices that include membranes and aqueous electrolyte streams. The transport phenomena were studied using scaling analysis and finite-volume numerical methods. Commonly accepted mass and heat transfer correlations for developing flow were found to be adequate for the liquid streams in these designs without requiring additional transport phenomena. We found that an air gap-separating a temperature gradient up to 20 degrees C-may be as large as 3 mm (vertical orientation) and 5 mm (horizontal orientation) before natural convection becomes important. But air gaps this wide are unlikely to be used in these membrane devices since radiation dominates the total energy transfer for air gaps larger than 2 mm. We also introduce a selectivity-productivity tradeoff based on the sustained-temperature-gradient per unit vapor pressure gradient (selectivity) and the overall heating capacity (productivity) of a design. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Woods, Jason] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Pellegrino, John] Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Woods, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM jason.woods@nrel.gov OI PELLEGRINO, JOHN/0000-0001-7749-5003; Woods, Jason/0000-0002-7661-2658 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08-GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 46 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0017-9310 J9 INT J HEAT MASS TRAN JI Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. PD APR PY 2013 VL 59 BP 46 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.12.006 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 108PA UT WOS:000316306700006 ER PT J AU Wimmer, MA Laurent, MP Dwivedi, Y Gallardo, LA Chipps, KA Blackmon, JC Kozub, RL Bardayan, DW Gross, CJ Stracener, DW Smith, MS Nesaraja, CD Erikson, L Patel, N Rehm, KE Ahmad, I Greene, JP Greife, U AF Wimmer, Markus A. Laurent, Michel P. Dwivedi, Yasha Gallardo, Luis A. Chipps, Kelly A. Blackmon, Jeffery C. Kozub, Raymond L. Bardayan, Daniel W. Gross, Carl J. Stracener, Daniel W. Smith, Michael S. Nesaraja, Caroline D. Erikson, Luke Patel, Nidhi Rehm, Karl E. Ahmad, Irshad Greene, John P. Greife, Uwe TI Wear measurement of highly cross-linked UHMWPE using a 7Be tracer implantation technique SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE polyethylene (UHWMPE); cross-linked; wear; radioactive tracer ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE; MEDICAL GRADE POLYETHYLENE; THIN-LAYER-ACTIVATION; HIP-JOINT SIMULATOR; RADIOACTIVE-TRACER; KNEE PROSTHESIS; ION-BEAM; ARTHROPLASTY; OSTEOLYSIS AB The very low wear rates achieved with the current highly cross-linked ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylenes (UHMWPE) used in joint prostheses have proven to be difficult to measure accurately by gravimetry. Tracer methods are therefore being explored. The purpose of this study was to perform a proof-of-concept experiment on the use of the radioactive tracer beryllium-7 (7Be) for the determination of in vitro wear in a highly cross-linked orthopedic UHMWPE. Three cross-linked and four conventional UHMWPE pins made from compression-molded GUR 1050, were activated with 109 to 1010 7Be nuclei using a new implantation setup that produced a homogenous distribution of implanted nuclei up to 8.5 m below the surface. The pins were tested for wear in a six-station pin-on-flat apparatus for up to 7.1 million cycles (178 km). A Germanium gamma detector was employed to determine activity loss of the UHMWPE pins at preset intervals during the wear test. The wear of the cross-linked UHMWPE pins was readily detected and estimated to be 17 +/- 3 g per million cycles. The conventional-to-cross-linked ratio of the wear rates was 13.1 +/- 0.8, in the expected range for these materials. Oxidative degradation damage from implantation was negligible; however, a weak dependence of wear on implantation dose was observed limiting the number of radioactive tracer atoms that can be introduced. Future applications of this tracer technology may include the analysis of location-specific wear, such as loss of material in the post or backside of a tibial insert. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 101B: 423429, 2013. C1 [Wimmer, Markus A.; Laurent, Michel P.; Dwivedi, Yasha; Gallardo, Luis A.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Chipps, Kelly A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Blackmon, Jeffery C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Kozub, Raymond L.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Bardayan, Daniel W.; Gross, Carl J.; Stracener, Daniel W.; Smith, Michael S.; Nesaraja, Caroline D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Erikson, Luke; Patel, Nidhi; Greife, Uwe] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Rehm, Karl E.; Ahmad, Irshad; Greene, John P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Greife, U (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM ugreife@mines.edu OI Nesaraja, Caroline/0000-0001-5571-8341; Chipps, Kelly/0000-0003-3050-1298 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02-93ER40789, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-FG02-96ER40955]; Rush Arthritis and Orthopedic Institute FX Contract grant sponsor: US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics; contract grant numbers: DE-FG02-93ER40789, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC02-06CH11357, and DE-FG02-96ER40955; Contract grant sponsor: Rush Arthritis and Orthopedic Institute NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4973 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES B JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B PD APR PY 2013 VL 101B IS 3 BP 423 EP 429 DI 10.1002/jbm.b.32868 PG 7 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 112DY UT WOS:000316573600005 PM 23359471 ER PT J AU Sirimamilla, A Furmanski, J Rimnac, C AF Sirimamilla, Abhiram Furmanski, Jevan Rimnac, Clare TI Peak stress intensity factor governs crack propagation velocity in crosslinked ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS LA English DT Article DE fatigue crack propagation; fracture; stress intensity factor; crosslinked UHMWPE; peak stress intensity ID HIGH-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE; FATIGUE RESISTANCE; GROWTH; STERILIZATION; UHMWPE AB Ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been successfully used as a bearing material in total joint replacement components. However, these bearing materials can fail as a result of in vivo static and cyclic loads. Crack propagation behavior in this material has been considered using the Paris relationship which relates fatigue crack growth rate, da/dN (mm/cycle) versus the stress intensity factor range, K (Kmax Kmin, MPa root m). However, recent work suggests that the crack propagation velocity of conventional UHMWPE is driven by the peak stress intensity (Kmax), not K. The hypothesis of this study is that the crack propagation velocity of highly crosslinked and remelted UHMWPE is also driven by the peak stress intensity, Kmax, during cyclic loading. To test this hypothesis, two highly crosslinked (65 kGy and 100 kGy) and remelted UHMWPE materials were examined. Frequency, waveform, and R-ratio were varied between test conditions to determine the governing factor for fatigue crack propagation. It was found that the crack propagation velocity in crosslinked UHMWPE is also driven by Kmax and not K, and is dependent on loading waveform and frequency in a predictable quasistatic manner. This study supports that crack growth in crosslinked UHMWPE materials, even under cyclic loading conditions, can be described by a relationship between the velocity of crack growth, da/dt and the peak stress intensity, Kmax. The findings suggest that stable crack propagation can occur as a result of static loading only and this should be taken into consideration in design of UHMWPE total joint replacement components. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 101B: 430435, 2013. C1 [Sirimamilla, Abhiram; Rimnac, Clare] Case Western Reserve Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Musculoskeletal Mech & Mat Lab, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Furmanski, Jevan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Struct Property Relat Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Rimnac, C (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Mech & Aerosp Engn Dept, Musculoskeletal Mech & Mat Lab, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM Clare.Rimnac@case.edu FU NIH/NIAMS [T32 AR00750, R01AR047192] FX Contract grant sponsor: NIH/NIAMS; contract grant numbers: T32 AR00750; Contract grant sponsor: NIH/NIAMS; contract grant numbers: R01AR047192 NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4973 EI 1552-4981 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES B JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B PD APR PY 2013 VL 101B IS 3 BP 430 EP 435 DI 10.1002/jbm.b.32850 PG 6 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 112DY UT WOS:000316573600006 PM 23165898 ER PT J AU Wang, H Porter, WD Bottner, H Konig, J Chen, LD Bai, SQ Tritt, TM Mayolet, A Senawiratne, J Smith, C Harris, F Gilbert, P Sharp, JW Lo, J Kleinke, H Kiss, L AF Wang, Hsin Porter, Wallace D. Boettner, Harald Koenig, Jan Chen, Lidong Bai, Shengqiang Tritt, Terry M. Mayolet, Alex Senawiratne, Jayantha Smith, Charlene Harris, Fred Gilbert, Patricia Sharp, Jeff W. Lo, Jason Kleinke, Holger Kiss, Laszlo TI Transport Properties of Bulk Thermoelectrics-An International Round-Robin Study, Part I: Seebeck Coefficient and Electrical Resistivity SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Thermoelectric; Seebeck coefficient; electrical resistivity; round-robin ID HALF-HEUSLER COMPOUNDS; PHONON-GLASS; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ZN4SB3; CRYSTAL; TEMPERATURE; ZRNISN; PHASES; 1ST-PRINCIPLES AB Recent research and development of high-temperature thermoelectric materials has demonstrated great potential for converting automobile exhaust heat directly into electricity. Thermoelectrics based on classic bismuth telluride have also started to impact the automotive industry by enhancing air-conditioning efficiency and integrated cabin climate control. In addition to engineering challenges of making reliable and efficient devices to withstand thermal and mechanical cycling, the remaining issues in thermoelectric power generation and refrigeration are mostly materials related. The dimensionless figure of merit, ZT, still needs to be improved from the current value of 1.0 to 1.5 to above 2.0 to be competitive with other alternative technologies. In the meantime, the thermoelectric community could greatly benefit from the development of international test standards, improved test methods, and better characterization tools. Internationally, thermoelectrics have been recognized by many countries as a key component for improving energy efficiency. The International Energy Agency (IEA) group under the Implementing Agreement for Advanced Materials for Transportation (AMT) identified thermoelectric materials as an important area in 2009. This paper is part I of the international round-robin testing of transport properties of bulk thermoelectrics. The main foci in part I are the measurement of two electronic transport properties: Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity. C1 [Wang, Hsin; Porter, Wallace D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Boettner, Harald; Koenig, Jan] Fraunhofer Inst Phys Measurement Tech, Freiburg, Germany. [Chen, Lidong; Bai, Shengqiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Ceram, Shanghai 200050, Peoples R China. [Tritt, Terry M.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. [Mayolet, Alex; Senawiratne, Jayantha; Smith, Charlene] Corning Inc, Corning, NY 14831 USA. [Harris, Fred] ZT Plus Inc, Azusa, CA USA. [Gilbert, Patricia; Sharp, Jeff W.] Marlow Ind, Dallas, TX USA. [Lo, Jason] Canada Ctr Mineral & Energy Technol, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Kleinke, Holger] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Kiss, Laszlo] Univ Quebec Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, PQ, Canada. RP Wang, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM wangh2@ornl.gov RI Wang, Hsin/A-1942-2013 OI Wang, Hsin/0000-0003-2426-9867 FU International Energy Agency under the Implementing Agreement for Advanced Materials for Transportation; [DE-AC05000OR22725] FX The authors would like to thank the International Energy Agency under the Implementing Agreement for Advanced Materials for Transportation for supporting this work, the assistant secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the Department of Energy and the Propulsion Materials Program under the Vehicle Technologies Program. We would like to thank all participating institutions and Oak Ridge National Laboratory managed by UT-Battelle LLC under contract DE-AC05000OR22725 for support. NR 61 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 8 U2 130 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 42 IS 4 BP 654 EP 664 DI 10.1007/s11664-012-2396-8 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 104VQ UT WOS:000316024500007 ER PT J AU Meehan, TD Glassberg, J Gratton, C AF Meehan, Timothy D. Glassberg, Jeffrey Gratton, Claudio TI Butterfly community structure and landscape composition in agricultural landscapes of the central United States SO JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Lepidoptera; Species richness; Community structure; Landscape composition; Agriculture ID LAND-USE; SPECIES RICHNESS; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT; HABITAT; URBANIZATION; CONSERVATION; ASSEMBLAGES; INTENSITY AB Agricultural landscapes worldwide are under increased pressure to provide food, feed, fiber, and fuel for a growing human population. These demands are leading to changes in agricultural landscapes and subsequent declines in biodiversity. We used citizen science data from the North American Butterfly Association and remotely-sensed land cover data from the US Department of Agriculture to study relationships between agricultural landscape composition and butterfly community structure in the Midwestern US. Landscape-level butterfly species richness (based on rarefaction estimates) was highest in agricultural landscapes with relatively low amounts of cropland, relatively high amounts of woodland, and intermediate amounts of grassland and wetland. Rarefied richness generally declined with the dominance of any of these land cover types. Unlike other land cover types, urban development had a consistent negative effect on rarefied richness. Butterfly community structure (based on relative abundance) was also significantly related to the amount of cropland, woodland, grassland, and wetland in the landscape. The rarest butterfly species were associated with woodland-, grassland-, and wetland-dominated landscapes, likely due to their association with plant species occurring in savannahs, prairies, and marshes, respectively. Assuming that variation across space reflects changes over time, our results support conclusions from previous studies that removal of natural and seminatural habitats alters butterfly community structure and decreases species diversity in agricultural landscapes. C1 [Meehan, Timothy D.; Gratton, Claudio] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Glassberg, Jeffrey] North Amer Butterfly Assoc, Morristown, NJ 07960 USA. RP Meehan, TD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM tmeehan@wisc.edu FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; DOE OBP Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830] FX We thank Jim Springer, Sharon Wander, Jane Hurwitz, Lisa Lewis, Jane V. Scott and volunteer butterfly counters with the North American Butterfly Association for collecting and sharing data. This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494) and DOE OBP Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DE-AC05-76RL01830). NR 60 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 82 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1366-638X J9 J INSECT CONSERV JI J. Insect Conserv. PD APR PY 2013 VL 17 IS 2 BP 411 EP 419 DI 10.1007/s10841-012-9523-y PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA 108ZW UT WOS:000316335900019 ER PT J AU Hehlen, MP Brik, MG Kramer, KW AF Hehlen, Markus P. Brik, Mikhail G. Kraemer, Karl W. TI 50th anniversary of the Judd-Ofelt theory: An experimentalist's view of the formalism and its application SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE LA English DT Article DE Judd-Ofelt theory; 4f transition intensities; Intermediate coupling wavefunctions; Lifetimes and branching ratios; Rare-earth spectroscopy ID RARE-EARTH IONS; ENERGY-LEVEL STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-FIELD ANALYSIS; LANTHANIDE AQUO IONS; F-F TRANSITIONS; ABSORPTIONSSPEKTREN KRISTALLINER SALZE; NEAR-INFRARED TRANSITIONS; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; MAGNETIC PROPERTIES; TRIVALENT LANTHANIDES AB The theory on the intensities of 4f -> 4f transitions introduced by B.R. Judd and G.S. Ofelt in 1962 has become a centerpiece in rare-earth optical spectroscopy over the past five decades. Many fundamental studies have since explored the physical origins of the Judd-Ofelt theory and have proposed numerous extensions to the original model. A great number of studies have applied the Judd-Ofelt theory to a wide range of rare-earth-doped materials, many of them with important applications in solid-state lasers, optical amplifiers, phosphors for displays and solid-state lighting, upconversion and quantumcutting materials, and fluorescent markers. This paper takes the view of the experimentalist who is interested in appreciating the basic concepts, implications, assumptions, and limitations of the JuddOfelt theory in order to properly apply it to practical problems. We first present the formalism for calculating the wavefunctions of 4f electronic states in a concise form and then show their application to the calculation and fitting of 4f -> 4f transition intensities. The potential, limitations and pitfalls of the theory are discussed, and a detailed case study of LaCl3:Er3+ is presented. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hehlen, Markus P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div MST 7, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Brik, Mikhail G.] Univ Tartu, Inst Phys, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Kraemer, Karl W.] Univ Bern, Dept Chem, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. RP Hehlen, MP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div MST 7, Mailstop E549, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM hehlen@lanl.gov RI Kramer, Karl/J-5021-2013; Brik, Mikhail/C-4971-2009 OI Kramer, Karl/0000-0001-5524-7703; Brik, Mikhail/0000-0003-2841-2763 FU Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD Program [20120246ER]; European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (Center of Excellence "Mesosystems: Theory and Applications") [TK114] FX M.P. Hehlen acknowledges financial support by the Los Alamos National Laboratory LDRD Program (LDRD 20120246ER) and thanks Nathaniel Gustafson and Alison R. Mercer-Smith for their assistance with compiling data for the Judd-Ofelt calculations. M.G. Brik appreciates financial support from the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (Center of Excellence "Mesosystems: Theory and Applications", TK114). NR 186 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 6 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-2313 EI 1872-7883 J9 J LUMIN JI J. Lumines. PD APR PY 2013 VL 136 BP 221 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.jlumin.2012.10.035 PG 19 WC Optics SC Optics GA 104YP UT WOS:000316033000037 ER PT J AU Drut, JE Nicholson, AN AF Drut, Joaquin E. Nicholson, Amy N. TI Lattice methods for strongly interacting many-body systems SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Review ID EFFECTIVE-FIELD-THEORY; MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; CORRELATED FERMI GAS; FOURIER ACCELERATION; GAUGE-THEORIES; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; VOLUME DEPENDENCE; ENERGY-SPECTRUM; CONTINUUM-LIMIT AB Lattice field theory methods, usually associated with non-perturbative studies of quantum chromodynamics, are becoming increasingly common in the calculation of ground-state and thermal properties of strongly interacting non-relativistic few-and many-body systems, blurring the interfaces between condensed matter, atomic and low-energy nuclear physics. While some of these techniques have been in use in the area of condensed matter physics for a long time, others, such as hybrid Monte Carlo and improved effective actions, have only recently found their way across areas. With this topical review, we aim to provide a modest overview and a status update on a few notable recent developments. For the sake of brevity we focus on zero-temperature, non-relativistic problems. After a short introduction, we lay out some general considerations and proceed to discuss sampling algorithms, observables, and systematic effects. We show selected results on ground-and excited-state properties of fermions in the limit of unitarity. The appendix contains technical details on group theory on the lattice. C1 [Drut, Joaquin E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Drut, Joaquin E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Nicholson, Amy N.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Maryland Ctr Fundamental Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Drut, JE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM drut@email.unc.edu; amynn@umd.edu FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-93ER-40762, DE-FC02-07ER41457] FX We gratefully acknowledge discussions with J Braun, A Bulgac, J Carlson, D Lee, DB Kaplan, and MW Paris. Part of this work was supported by the US Department of Energy under grants DE-FG02-93ER-40762 and DE-FC02-07ER41457 (UNEDF SciDAC). NR 215 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 15 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0954-3899 EI 1361-6471 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 40 IS 4 AR 043101 DI 10.1088/0954-3899/40/4/043101 PG 54 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 106ZA UT WOS:000316183100002 ER PT J AU Theillard, M Rycroft, CH Gibou, F AF Theillard, Maxime Rycroft, Chris H. Gibou, Frederic TI A Multigrid Method on Non-Graded Adaptive Octree and Quadtree Cartesian Grids SO JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Multigrid method; Poisson's equation; Non-graded adaptive grid; Octrees; Quadtrees; Second-order discretization; Complex geometry ID FINITE-DIFFERENCE SCHEME; LEVEL SET METHOD; EQUATIONS; POISSON AB In order to develop efficient numerical methods for solving elliptic and parabolic problems where Dirichlet boundary conditions are imposed on irregular domains, Chen et al. (J. Sci. Comput. 31(1):19-60, 2007) presented a methodology that produces second-order accurate solutions with second-order gradients on non-graded quadtree and octree data structures. These data structures significantly reduce the number of computational nodes while still allowing for the resolution of small length scales. In this paper, we present a multigrid solver for this framework and present numerical results in two and three spatial dimensions that demonstrate that the computational time scales linearly with the number of nodes, producing a very efficient solver for elliptic and parabolic problems with multiple length scales. C1 [Theillard, Maxime; Gibou, Frederic] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Rycroft, Chris H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rycroft, Chris H.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rycroft, Chris H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gibou, Frederic] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Theillard, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM maxime_theillard@umail.ucsb.edu; chr@math.berkeley.edu; fgibou@engineering.ucsb.edu OI Rycroft, Chris/0000-0003-4677-6990 FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER15991]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0027]; National Science Foundation [CHE-1027817]; W.M. Keck Foundation; Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies from the U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-09-D-0001]; Office of Science, Computational and Technology Research, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX M. Theillard and F. Gibou were supported by the Department of Energy under contract number DE-FG02-08ER15991; by the Office of Naval Research through contract N00014-11-1-0027; the National Science Foundation through contract CHE-1027817; the W.M. Keck Foundation; and by the Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies through contract W911NF-09-D-0001 from the U.S. Army Research Office. C. H. Rycroft was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Computational and Technology Research, U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7474 EI 1573-7691 J9 J SCI COMPUT JI J. Sci. Comput. PD APR PY 2013 VL 55 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1007/s10915-012-9619-2 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 106MP UT WOS:000316148400001 ER PT J AU Williams, PT AF Williams, Paul T. TI Greater Weight Loss from Running than Walking during a 6.2-yr Prospective Follow-up SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE OBESITY; PREVENTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; OVERWEIGHT ID ASSESSING PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; BODY-MASS INDEX; EXERCISE INTENSITY; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; AGED MEN; WOMEN; GAIN; PREVENTION; ASSOCIATION; ADIPOSITY AB WILLIAMS, P. T. Greater Weight Loss from Running than Walking during a 6.2-yr Prospective Follow-up. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 706-713, 2013. Purpose: This study aimed to test whether equivalent changes in moderate (walking) and vigorous exercise (running) produce equivalent weight loss under free-living, nonexperimental conditions. Methods: Regression analyses of changes (Delta) in body mass index (BMI) versus exercise energy expenditure (Delta MET-hours per day, 1 MET = 3.5 mL O-2.kg(-1).min(-1)) from survey questionnaires completed at baseline and 6.2 yr thereafter in 15,237 walkers and 32,216 runners were used in this study. Results: At baseline, walkers spent less energy walking than runners spent running (mean +/- SD; males = 2.22 +/- 1.65 vs 5.31 +/- 3.12 MET.h.d(-1), females = 2.15 +/- 1.63 vs 4.76 +/- 3.03 MET.h.d(-1)), and walkers were significantly heavier than runners (males = 26.63 +/- 4.04 vs 24.09 +/- 2.58 kg.m(-2), females = 25.44 +/- 5.14 vs 21.61 +/- 2.49 kg.m(-2)). During follow-up, energy expenditure declined less for walking in walkers than for running in runners (males = -0.19 +/- 1.92 vs -1.27 +/- 2.87 MET.h.d(-1), females = -0.30 +/- 1.93 vs -1.28 +/- 2.85 MET.h.d(-1)). Delta BMI was inversely related to both Delta MET-hours per day run and Delta MET-hours per day walked, but more strongly to Delta MET-hours per day run than walked in men and in heavier women. Specifically, the regression coefficient for Delta BMI versus Delta MET-hours per day was significantly more negative for running than walking in men in the first quartile (differences in slope +/- SE: -0.06 +/- 0.03, P = 0.01), second quartile (-0.10 +/- 0.03, P = 0.001), third quartile (-0.17 +/- 0.03, P < 10(-8)), and fourth quartile of BMI (-0.14 +/- 0.03, P < 10(-4)) and in the fourth BMI quartile of women (-0.32 +/- 0.04 kg.m(-2) per MET-hours per day, P < 10(-17)). This represented 90% greater weight loss per MET-hours per day run than walked in the fourth BMI quartile for both sexes. Age-related weight gain was attenuated by running in both sexes (P < 10(-6)) and by walking in women (P = 0.005). Conclusion: Although Delta BMI was significantly associated with both Delta MET-hours per day run and walked, the Delta BMI was significantly greater for Delta running than Delta walking. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Donner 464,1 Cycloton Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ptwilliams@lbl.gov FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL094717]; Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098] FX This research was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (grant no. HL094717) and was conducted at the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Department of Energy DE-AC03-76SF00098 to the University of California). NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 45 IS 4 BP 706 EP 713 DI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31827b0d0a PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 109ZK UT WOS:000316410600013 PM 23190592 ER PT J AU Arey, BW Kovarik, L Qafoku, O Wang, ZM Hess, NJ Felmy, AR AF Arey, Bruce W. Kovarik, Libor Qafoku, Odeta Wang, Zheming Hess, Nancy J. Felmy, Andrew R. TI Identification of Fragile Microscopic Structures during Mineral Transformations in Wet Supercritical CO2 SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE SEM; TEM; helium ion microscope; carbon sequestration; CO2; forsterite ID FORSTERITE AB This study examines the nature of highly fragile reaction products that form in low water content supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) using a combination of focus ion beam/scanning electron microscopy, confocal Raman spectroscopy, helium ion microscopy (HeIM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). HeIM images show these precipitates are fragile rosettes. Using the TEM revealed details on the interfacial structure between the newly formed surface precipitates and the underlying initial solid phases. Detailed microscopy analysis revealed that growth of the precipitates either followed a tip growth mechanism, with precipitates forming directly on the forsterite surface if the initial solid was nonporous (natural forsterite) or growth from the surface of the precipitates, where fluid was conducted through the porous (nanoforsterite) agglomerates to the growth center. Identification of the mechanism of formation of hydrated/hydroxylated magnesium carbonate compound phases is a key factor in unraveling the impact of water recycling on mineral reactivity in low water content scCO(2) solutions, which has received a great deal of attention as a result of the potential for CO2 to act as an atmospheric greenhouse gas. Techniques used here to examine these fragile structures are also used to examine a wide range of fragile material surfaces. C1 [Arey, Bruce W.; Kovarik, Libor; Qafoku, Odeta; Wang, Zheming; Hess, Nancy J.; Felmy, Andrew R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Arey, BW (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999,K8-80, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM bruce.arey@pnnl.gov RI Wang, Zheming/E-8244-2010; Kovarik, Libor/L-7139-2016; OI Wang, Zheming/0000-0002-1986-4357; Kovarik, Libor/0000-0002-2418-6925; Hess, Nancy/0000-0002-8930-9500 FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences through a Single Investigator Small Group Research (SISGR) grant at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and located at PNNL; DOE [DE-AC05-76RL0-1830] FX The authors would like to thank Professor Alexandra Navrotsky at the University of California, Davis for supplying the sample of nanoforsterite. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences through a Single Investigator Small Group Research (SISGR) grant at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Several of the experiments were performed using the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and located at PNNL. PNNL is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC05-76RL0-1830. Use of specific name brands or manufacturers is for research purpose only and does not imply an endorsement. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 33 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD APR PY 2013 VL 19 IS 2 BP 268 EP 275 DI 10.1017/S1431927612014171 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 107ML UT WOS:000316221500002 PM 23388324 ER PT J AU Lu, P Gauntt, BD AF Lu, Ping Gauntt, Bryan D. TI Structural Mapping of Disordered Materials by Nanobeam Diffraction Imaging and Multivariate Statistical Analysis SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE nanobeam diffraction; spectral imaging; RDF; STEM; structural mapping; multivariate statistical analysis; disordered materials ID SIMS SPECTRUM-IMAGES; AMORPHOUS MATERIALS; ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; STEM; TOOL; NANODIFFRACTION; NANOVOLUMES; INFORMATION; TOMOGRAPHY; MICROSCOPY AB A hybrid nanobeam diffraction/imaging method, which combines well-developed diffraction imaging with nanobeam diffraction (NBD) pattern analysis, is described for structural mapping of disordered materials. Spatially resolved crystallographic information is obtained by NBD imaging by collecting NBD patterns at predefined intervals within a field of interest. The resulting dataset of NBD patterns is preprocessed to produce a spectral-imaging-like dataset and is further analyzed via multivariate statistical analysis methods in order to extract the relevant structural components and their distribution within the area of the sample under study without prior knowledge. Additional radial distribution function analysis of either the principal components or averaged data provides real-space maps of short-range order within the field of interest. This technique is demonstrated for two systems, one with multiple amorphous phases and one with multiple phases (amorphous and nanocrystalline) with similar chemistry. C1 [Lu, Ping; Gauntt, Bryan D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Characterizat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lu, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Characterizat Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM plu@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank Paul Kotula for useful discussions and input concerning the use and limitations of MVSA and for reviewing the manuscript. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 35 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD APR PY 2013 VL 19 IS 2 BP 300 EP 309 DI 10.1017/S1431927613000135 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 107ML UT WOS:000316221500006 PM 23472979 ER PT J AU Giannuzzi, LA Michael, JR AF Giannuzzi, L. A. Michael, J. R. TI Comparison of Channeling Contrast between Ion and Electron Images SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE ion channeling; electron channeling; twins; Cu; channeling contrast ID CU AB Ion channeling contrast (iCC) and electron channeling contrast (eCC) are caused by variation in signal resulting from changes in the angle of the incident beam and the crystal lattice with respect to the target. iCC is directly influenced by the incident ion range in crystalline materials. The ion range is larger for low-index crystal orientated grains, resulting in the emission of fewer secondary electrons at the surface yielding a lower signal. Ions are stopped closer to the surface for off-axis grains, resulting in the emission of many secondary electrons yielding a higher signal. Conversely, backscattered electrons (BSEs) are the primary contribution to eCC. BSEs are diffracted or channeled to form an electron channeling pattern (ECP). The BSE emission of the ECP peaks when the electron beam is normal to the surface of an on-axis grain, and therefore a bright signal is observed. Thus, iCC and eCC images yield inverse contrast behavior for on-axis oriented grains. Since there is a critical angle associated with particle channeling, accurately determining grain boundary locations require the acquisition of multiple images obtained at different tilt conditions. C1 [Giannuzzi, L. A.] LA Giannuzzi & Associates LLC, Ft Myers, FL 33913 USA. [Michael, J. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Characterizat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Giannuzzi, LA (reprint author), LA Giannuzzi & Associates LLC, 12580 Walden Run Dr, Ft Myers, FL 33913 USA. EM Lucille@LAGiannuzzi.com FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Si ECPs were imaged on an FEI Quanta 3D DualBeam at the University of South Florida. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 31 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD APR PY 2013 VL 19 IS 2 BP 344 EP 349 DI 10.1017/S1431927612014286 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 107ML UT WOS:000316221500011 PM 23507294 ER PT J AU Mehraeen, S McKeown, JT Deshmukh, PV Evans, JE Abellan, P Xu, PH Reed, BW Taheri, ML Fischione, PE Browning, ND AF Mehraeen, Shareghe McKeown, Joseph T. Deshmukh, Pushkarraj V. Evans, James E. Abellan, Patricia Xu, Pinghong Reed, Bryan W. Taheri, Mitra L. Fischione, Paul E. Browning, Nigel D. TI A (S)TEM Gas Cell Holder with Localized Laser Heating for In Situ Experiments SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE in situ gas holder; STEM; environmental microscopy; in situ microscopy; aberration correction; laser heating ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; DYNAMIC SHAPE CHANGES; ENVIRONMENTAL CELL; HIGH-RESOLUTION; SOLID REACTIONS; Z-CONTRAST; CATALYSTS; PRESSURE; STEM; NANOPARTICLES AB The advent of aberration correction for transmission electron microscopy has transformed atomic resolution imaging into a nearly routine technique for structural analysis. Now an emerging frontier in electron microscopy is the development of in situ capabilities to observe reactions at atomic resolution in real time and within realistic environments. Here we present a new in situ gas cell holder that is designed for compatibility with a wide variety of sample type (i.e., dimpled 3-mm discs, standard mesh grids, various types of focused ion beam lamellae attached to half grids). Its capabilities include localized heating and precise control of the gas pressure and composition while simultaneously allowing atomic resolution imaging at ambient pressure. The results show that 0.25-nm lattice fringes are directly visible for nanoparticles imaged at ambient pressure with gas path lengths up to 20 mu m. Additionally, we quantitatively demonstrate that while the attainable contrast and resolution decrease with increasing pressure and gas path length, resolutions better than 0.2 nm should be accessible at ambient pressure with gas path lengths less than the 15 mu m utilized for these experiments. C1 [Mehraeen, Shareghe; Evans, James E.; Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McKeown, Joseph T.; Reed, Bryan W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Deshmukh, Pushkarraj V.; Fischione, Paul E.] EA Fischione Instruments Inc, Export, PA 15632 USA. [Evans, James E.; Abellan, Patricia; Browning, Nigel D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Xu, Pinghong; Browning, Nigel D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Taheri, Mitra L.] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Mehraeen, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM smehraeen@gmail.com; mckeown3@llnl.gov OI Abellan, Patricia/0000-0002-5797-1102; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) NNSA-SSAA [DE-FG52-06NA26213]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [RR025032-01]; NIH [5RC1GM091755]; Battelle Memorial Institute for DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering of DOE [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX Development of the in situ holder was supported by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) NNSA-SSAA grant number DE-FG52-06NA26213 and National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant number RR025032-01. J.E. acknowledges NIH funding support from grant number 5RC1GM091755. A portion of this work was performed at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for DOE under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. A portion of this work was performed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering of DOE under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 45 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 60 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD APR PY 2013 VL 19 IS 2 BP 470 EP 478 DI 10.1017/S1431927612014419 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 107ML UT WOS:000316221500024 PM 23452391 ER PT J AU Smirnova, DE Kuksin, AY Starikov, SV Stegailov, VV Insepov, Z Rest, J Yacout, AM AF Smirnova, D. E. Kuksin, A. Yu Starikov, S. V. Stegailov, V. V. Insepov, Z. Rest, J. Yacout, A. M. TI A ternary EAM interatomic potential for U-Mo alloys with xenon SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; EMBEDDED-ATOM METHOD; GAMMA-URANIUM; IRRADIATION BEHAVIOR; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; RESEARCH REACTORS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RADIATION-DAMAGE; DISPERSION FUEL; HIGH-PRESSURES AB A new interatomic potential for a uranium-molybdenum system with xenon is developed in the framework of an embedded atom model using a force-matching technique and a dataset of ab initio atomic forces. The verification of the potential proves that it is suitable for the investigation of various compounds existing in the system as well as for simulation of pure elements: U, Mo and Xe. Computed lattice constants, thermal expansion coefficients, elastic properties and melting temperatures of U, Mo and Xe are consistent with the experimentally measured values. The energies of the point defect formation in pure U and Mo are proved to be comparable to the density-functional theory calculations. We compare this new U-Mo-Xe potential with the previously developed U and Mo-Xe potentials. A comparative study between the different potential functions is provided. The key purpose of the new model is to study the atomistic processes of defect evolution taking place in the U-Mo nuclear fuel. Here we use the potential to simulate bcc alloys containing 10 wt% of intermetallic Mo and U2Mo. C1 [Smirnova, D. E.; Kuksin, A. Yu; Starikov, S. V.; Stegailov, V. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Joint Inst High Temp, Moscow 125412, Russia. [Smirnova, D. E.; Insepov, Z.; Rest, J.; Yacout, A. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Kuksin, A. Yu; Starikov, S. V.; Stegailov, V. V.] Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Dolgoprudnyi 141700, Russia. RP Smirnova, DE (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Joint Inst High Temp, Moscow 125412, Russia. EM d.e.smirnov@gmail.com; starikov@ihed.ras.ru RI Starikov, Sergey/B-8162-2013; Stegailov, Vladimir/C-4756-2013; Insepov, Zinetula/L-2095-2013; Kuksin, Alexey/F-3203-2014; Smirnova, Daria/I-4997-2015 OI Starikov, Sergey/0000-0002-9112-6033; Stegailov, Vladimir/0000-0002-5349-3991; Insepov, Zinetula/0000-0002-8079-6293; FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Programs for Basic Research of the RAS [2, 25]; RFBR [12-08-00666, 12-08-12048-ofi-m]; Russian Federation [MK-3174.2011.8, MK-7192.2012.8, CPi-617.2012.2]; Human Capital Foundation FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357, Programs for Basic Research of the RAS No. 2 coordinated by V Fortov and No. 25 coordinated by N Morozov and I Goryacheva, RFBR grants 12-08-00666 and 12-08-12048-ofi-m, the President of Russian Federation grants MK-3174.2011.8 (AYuK) and MK-7192.2012.8 (SVS), the President of Russian Federation Scholarship C Pi-617.2012.2 (DES), and by the Human Capital Foundation. Simulations were carried out on the following computing clusters: 'Fusion' (Argonne National Laboratory), MIPT-60 (Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology), MVS-100K (Joint Supercomputer Center of RAS) and 'Lomonosov' (Moscow State University). NR 91 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 42 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0965-0393 J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. PD APR PY 2013 VL 21 IS 3 AR 035011 DI 10.1088/0965-0393/21/3/035011 PG 24 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 110OD UT WOS:000316452900011 ER PT J AU Rainbolt, JE Padmaperuma, AB Govind, N Gaspar, DJ AF Rainbolt, James E. Padmaperuma, Asanga B. Govind, Niranjan Gaspar, Daniel J. TI Substituent effects on the geometric and electronic properties of tetracyano-p-quinodimethane (TCNQ): a theoretical study SO MOLECULAR SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE OLED; DFT; TDDFT; F4TCNQ; doping ID BASIS-SETS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; 2,3,5,6-TETRAFLUORO-7,7,8,8-TETRACYANOQUINODIMETHANE; TETRAFLUOROTETRACYANOQUINODIMETHANE; INTERFACES; STATES AB Electron acceptors are classes of molecules that are important in organic devices as they help to improve the conductivity of organic semiconducting molecules by forming p-type complexes or anion radical complexes. These molecules can be doped into hole transporting materials to provide good ohmic contact with the anode and to improve the carrier density of the hole transport layer. This results in organic light-emitting devices with low driving voltages and high power efficiencies. In this study, we investigate a series of tetracyano-p-quinodimethane derivatives with substituents expected to facilitate the electron-acceptor capabilities of the quinones using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT). As expected, the cyano substitution stabilises both highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels and increases the adiabatic electron affinity of the dopants. The stabilisation effect on the LUMO levels is greater, and as a result the narrowing of the HOMOLUMO gap is seen. This fact was further confirmed by TDDFT studies, energy of the computed S1S0 transition red shifted upon CN substitution. However, perturbation to the ground-state geometry is negligible, and all anionic structures exhibit aromatisation independent of substitution. Our study suggests that the substituted derivatives reported herein show promise as conductivity dopants. C1 [Rainbolt, James E.; Padmaperuma, Asanga B.; Gaspar, Daniel J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Appl Mat Sci Grp, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Govind, Niranjan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Padmaperuma, AB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Appl Mat Sci Grp, Energy & Environm Directorate, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K3-59, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM asanga.padmaperuma@pnl.gov RI Gaspar, Dan/H-6166-2011; OI Gaspar, Daniel/0000-0002-8089-810X FU Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy; US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX A portion of this research was performed using Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), which is a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and is located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Computations were carried out using 'NWChem, A Computational Chemistry Package for Parallel Computers, Version 5.1' (2007), developed at the High Performance Computational Chemistry Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352-0999, USA. Extensible Computational Chemistry Environment (ECCE), A Problem Solving Environment for Computational Chemistry, Software Version 6.0 (2009), as developed and distributed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA, and funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, was used to obtain some of these results. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 65 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7022 J9 MOL SIMULAT JI Mol. Simul. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 39 IS 5 BP 350 EP 356 DI 10.1080/08927022.2012.725205 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 105XR UT WOS:000316106500001 ER PT J AU Padmaperuma, AB AF Padmaperuma, Asanga B. TI Homoleptic phosphorescent cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes with charge transporting groups: a theoretical study SO MOLECULAR SIMULATION LA English DT Article DE OLED; FIrpic; DFT; TDDFT; 2-phenylpyridine; (2; 4-difluorophenyl)pyridine ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; EXCITATION-ENERGIES; IR(III) COMPLEXES; AB-INITIO; ELECTROPHOSPHORESCENT DENDRIMERS; PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; RESPONSE THEORY; EXCITED-STATES; SPECTRA AB Phosphorescent iridium complexes of (2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine serve as effective phosphors for white and blue electrophosphorescent organic light emitting devices. Charge transport and emissive properties of these organometallic phosphors can be tuned for organic light emitting device (OLED) applications by chemical functionalisation. Charge transporting functionality can also be introduced to enhance charge transport without changing the emission colour. The ground-state and low-lying excited electronic states in substituted cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes are studied using density functional theory techniques. A theoretical study of structure property relationship of substituted cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes was carried out. Based on this work, we have put forward design rules for emitters with enhanced charge transport properties. C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Appl Mat Sci Grp, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Padmaperuma, AB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Appl Mat Sci Grp, Energy & Environm Directorate, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K3-59, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM asanga.padmaperuma@pnl.gov FU US Department of Energy [M6743231, M68004043]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; US Department of Energy (DOE); US DOE [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830] FX This study was funded by the Solid-State Lighting Program of the US Department of Energy, within the Building Technologies Program (BT) (Award Nos. M6743231 and M68004043) and managed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory. A portion of this research was done using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. Computations were carried out using 'NWChem, A Computational Chemistry Package for Parallel Computers, Version 5.1' (2007), developed at the High-Performance Computational Chemistry Group, PNNL. ECCE, A Problem Solving Environment for Computational Chemistry, Software Version 6.0 (2009), as developed and distributed by PNNL and funded by the US Department of Energy (DOE), was used to obtain some of these results. PNNL is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 42 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7022 J9 MOL SIMULAT JI Mol. Simul. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 39 IS 5 BP 405 EP 414 DI 10.1080/08927022.2012.735770 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 105XR UT WOS:000316106500006 ER PT J AU Lang, PT Loarte, A Saibene, G Baylor, LR Becoulet, M Cavinato, M Clement-Lorenzo, S Daly, E Evans, TE Fenstermacher, ME Gribov, Y Horton, LD Lowry, C Martin, Y Neubauer, O Oyama, N Schaffer, MJ Stork, D Suttrop, W Thomas, P Tran, M Wilson, HR Kavin, A Schmitz, O AF Lang, P. T. Loarte, A. Saibene, G. Baylor, L. R. Becoulet, M. Cavinato, M. Clement-Lorenzo, S. Daly, E. Evans, T. E. Fenstermacher, M. E. Gribov, Y. Horton, L. D. Lowry, C. Martin, Y. Neubauer, O. Oyama, N. Schaffer, M. J. Stork, D. Suttrop, W. Thomas, P. Tran, M. Wilson, H. R. Kavin, A. Schmitz, O. TI ELM control strategies and tools: status and potential for ITER SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID EDGE-LOCALIZED MODES; QUIESCENT H-MODE; ALCATOR C-MOD; ASDEX UPGRADE; MAGNETIC PERTURBATIONS; DIII-D; PEDESTAL CONDITIONS; TOROIDAL ROTATION; PARTICLE LOSSES; HEAT LOAD AB Operating ITER in the reference inductive scenario at the design values of I-p = 15 MA and Q(DT) = 10 requires the achievement of good H-mode confinement that relies on the presence of an edge transport barrier whose pedestal pressure height is key to plasma performance. Strong gradients occur at the edge in such conditions that can drive magnetohydrodynamic instabilities resulting in edge localized modes (ELMs), which produce a rapid energy loss from the pedestal region to the plasma facing components (PFC). Without appropriate control, the heat loads on PFCs during ELMs in ITER are expected to become significant for operation in H-mode at I-p = 6-9 MA; operation at higher plasma currents would result in a very reduced life time of the PFCs. Currently, several options are being considered for the achievement of the required level of ELM control in ITER; this includes operation in plasma regimes which naturally have no or very small ELMs, decreasing the ELM energy loss by increasing their frequency by a factor of up to 30 and avoidance of ELMs by actively controlling the edge with magnetic perturbations. Small/no ELM regimes obtained by influencing the edge stability (by plasma shaping, rotational shear control, etc) have shown in present experiments a significant reduction of the ELM heat fluxes compared to type-I ELMs. However, so far they have only been observed under a limited range of pedestal conditions depending on each specific device and their extrapolation to ITER remains uncertain. ELM control by increasing their frequency relies on the controlled triggering of the edge instability leading to the ELM. This has been presently demonstrated with the injection of pellets and with plasma vertical movements; pellets having provided the results more promising for application in ITER conditions. ELM avoidance/suppression takes advantage of the fact that relatively small changes in the pedestal plasma and magnetic field parameters seem to have a large stabilizing effect on large ELMs. Application of edge magnetic field perturbation with non-axisymmetric fields is found to affect transport at the plasma edge and thus prevent the uncontrolled rise of the plasma pressure gradients and the occurrence of type-I ELMs. This paper compiles a brief overview of various ELM control approaches, summarizes their present achievements and briefly discusses the open issues regarding their application in ITER. C1 [Lang, P. T.; Suttrop, W.] EURATOM, MPI Plasmaphys, IPP Tokamak Scenario Dev Div, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Loarte, A.; Daly, E.; Gribov, Y.] ITER Org, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Saibene, G.; Cavinato, M.; Clement-Lorenzo, S.; Thomas, P.] F4E Joint Undertaking, Barcelona 08019, Spain. [Baylor, L. R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Becoulet, M.] CEA, IRFM, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France. [Evans, T. E.; Schaffer, M. J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. [Fenstermacher, M. E.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Horton, L. D.; Lowry, C.] JET EFDA, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. [Martin, Y.; Tran, M.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Neubauer, O.; Schmitz, O.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Energy Res, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Oyama, N.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Naka Fus Inst, Naka, Ibaraki 3110193, Japan. [Stork, D.] CCFE, Culham Sci Ctr, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England. [Wilson, H. R.] Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Kavin, A.] Efremov Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. RP Lang, PT (reprint author), EURATOM, MPI Plasmaphys, IPP Tokamak Scenario Dev Div, Boltzmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM peter.lang@aug.ipp.mpg.de RI Lang, Peter/H-2507-2013; OI Lang, Peter/0000-0003-1586-8518; Neubauer, Olaf/0000-0002-4516-4397 NR 117 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 7 U2 61 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5, PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD APR PY 2013 VL 53 IS 4 AR 043004 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/53/4/043004 PG 24 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 105ET UT WOS:000316049300005 ER PT J AU Trellue, HR Kapernick, RJ Rao, DV Zhang, J Galloway, JD AF Trellue, Holly R. Kapernick, Richard J. Rao, D. V. Zhang, J. Galloway, Jack D. TI SALT-COOLED MODULAR INNOVATIVE THORIUM HEAVY WATER-MODERATED REACTOR SYSTEM SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Monteburns; heavy water-moderated; burnup ID OXIDE FUEL AB This paper describes a new reactor concept: the Salt-cooled Modular Innovative THorium HEavy water-moderated Reactor System (SMITHERS), which addresses the goals of (a) evolving deployment needs, (b) increasing overall fuel burnup, (c) reducing proliferation risk, and (d) providing high-efficiency power generation. The reactor is modular and thus scalable from a few to hundreds of megawatts (thermal). The concept further burns used fuel from light water reactors (LWRs) without aqueous separations, reducing costs and proliferation pathways relative to current reprocessing plants. The additional burning of LWR fuel reduces proliferation risk by reducing global inventories of plutonium from used fuel in a way that does not isolate weapons-useable material and that increases the amount of power produced per ton of mined uranium. Improved fuel utilization through the potential use of thorium provides cost benefits by increasing neutron economy and enabling operation at higher efficiencies. Neutron economy is increased by using the lower neutron energies associated with large quantities of heavy water moderation and/or thorium for innovative reactor control and constant long-term power generation (i.e., sustainability). Finally, the proposed reactor also generates high-temperature coolant discharge in the form of liquid salt without coolant pressurization for external process heat applications such as oil extraction. Salt offers significant improvement over existing coolants such as light water and heavy water, which require pressurization to operate at high temperatures, adding to the cost and complexity of reactor operation. SMITHERS designs discussed in this paper either burned a full core of used fuel, ThO2 with 1.2 wt% PuO2 or other fissile material, or a combination of the two. C1 [Trellue, Holly R.; Kapernick, Richard J.; Rao, D. V.; Zhang, J.; Galloway, Jack D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Trellue, HR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM trellue@lanl.gov RI Zhang, Jinsuo/H-4717-2012 OI Zhang, Jinsuo/0000-0002-3412-7769 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 182 IS 1 BP 26 EP 38 PG 13 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 111NR UT WOS:000316528500003 ER PT J AU Peplow, DE Miller, TM Patton, BW Wagner, JC AF Peplow, Douglas E. Miller, Thomas M. Patton, Bruce W. Wagner, John C. TI HYBRID MONTE CARLO/DETERMINISTIC METHODS FOR ACCELERATING ACTIVE INTERROGATION MODELING SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE active interrogation; Monte Carlo; hybrid methods ID VARIANCE REDUCTION AB The potential for smuggling special nuclear material (SNM) into the United States is a major concern to homeland security, so federal agencies are investigating a variety of preventive measures, including detection and interdiction of SNM during transport. One approach for SNM detection, called active interrogation, uses a radiation source, such as a beam of neutrons or photons, to scan cargo containers and detect the products of induced fissions. In realistic cargo transport scenarios, the process of inducing and detecting fissions in SNM is difficult due to the presence of various and potentially thick materials between the radiation source and the SNM and the practical limitations on radiation source strength and detection capabilities. Therefore, computer simulations are being used, along with experimental measurements, in efforts to design effective active interrogation detection systems. The computer simulations primarily consist of simulating radiation transport from the source to the detector region(s). Although the Monte Carlo method is predominantly used for these simulations, difficulties persist related to calculating statistically meaningful detector responses in practical computing times, thereby limiting their usefulness for design and evaluation of practical active interrogation systems. In previous work, the benefits of hybrid methods that use the results of approximate deterministic transport calculations to accelerate high-fidelity Monte Carlo simulations have been demonstrated for source-detector type problems. In this work, hybrid methods are applied and evaluated for three example active interrogation problems. Additionally, a new approach is presented that uses multiple goal-based importance functions depending on a particle's relevance to the ultimate goal of the simulation. Results from the examples demonstrate that the application of hybrid methods to active interrogation simulations dramatically increases their calculational efficiency. C1 [Peplow, Douglas E.; Miller, Thomas M.; Patton, Bruce W.; Wagner, John C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Reactor & Nucl Syst Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Peplow, DE (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Reactor & Nucl Syst Div, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM peplowde@ornl.gov RI Wagner, John/K-3644-2015 OI Wagner, John/0000-0003-0257-4502 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory FX This work was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA SN 0029-5450 EI 1943-7471 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 182 IS 1 BP 63 EP 74 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 111NR UT WOS:000316528500007 ER PT J AU Johansson, A Larson, MG AF Johansson, August Larson, Mats G. TI A high order discontinuous Galerkin Nitsche method for elliptic problems with fictitious boundary SO NUMERISCHE MATHEMATIK LA English DT Article ID FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD; INTERFACE PROBLEMS; PENALTY AB We present a discontinuous Galerkin method, based on the classical method of Nitsche, for elliptic problems with an immersed boundary representation on a structured grid. In such methods very small elements typically occur at the boundary, leading to breakdown of the discrete coercivity as well as numerical instabilities. In this work we propose a method that avoids using very small elements on the boundary by associating them to a neighboring element with a sufficiently large intersection with the domain. This construction allows us to prove the crucial inverse inequality that leads to a coercive bilinear form and as a consequence we obtain optimal order a priori error estimates. Furthermore, we prove a bound of the condition number of the stiffness matrix. All the results are valid for polynomials of arbitrary order. We also discuss the implementation of the method and present numerical examples in three dimensions. C1 [Johansson, August] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Larson, Mats G.] Umea Univ, Dept Math, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. RP Johansson, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM august@math.berkeley.edu; mats.larson@math.umu.se FU Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science FX A. Johansson is supported by the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-599X J9 NUMER MATH JI Numer. Math. PD APR PY 2013 VL 123 IS 4 BP 607 EP 628 DI 10.1007/s00211-012-0497-1 PG 22 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 109JJ UT WOS:000316362800002 ER PT J AU Wouters, Y Pint, B Monceau, D AF Wouters, Yves Pint, Bruce Monceau, Daniel TI Advanced Characterization Techniques in High-Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion Studies SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Wouters, Yves] Univ Grenoble, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. [Pint, Bruce] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Monceau, Daniel] INP Toulouse CNRS CIRIMAT, F-31030 Toulouse, France. RP Wouters, Y (reprint author), Univ Grenoble, 1130 Piscine,BP 75, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. EM Yves.Wouters@simap.grenoble-inp.fr; pintba@ornl.gov; daniel.monceau@ensiacet.fr RI Pint, Bruce/A-8435-2008 OI Pint, Bruce/0000-0002-9165-3335 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 225 EP 226 DI 10.1007/s11085-012-9329-z PG 2 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 109VQ UT WOS:000316397900001 ER PT J AU Kang, YH Luo, LL Tong, X Starr, D Zhou, GW Yang, JC AF Kang, Yihong Luo, Langli Tong, Xiao Starr, David Zhou, Guangwen Yang, Judith C. TI Transient Oxidation of Cu-5at.%Ni(001): Temperature Dependent Sequential Oxide Formation SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE Cu-Ni; Oxidation; In situ; TEM ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; SITU UHV-TEM; INITIAL OXIDATION; THIN-FILMS; OXYGEN; CU2O; KINETICS; CU(001); NUCLEATION AB The transient oxidation stage of a model metal alloy thin film was characterized with in situ ultra-high vacuum (UHV) transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and analytical high-resolution TEM. We observed the formations of nanosized NiO and Cu2O islands when Cu-5at.%Ni(001) was exposed to oxygen partial pressure, and various temperatures in situ. At 350 A degrees C epitaxial Cu2O islands formed initially and then NiO islands appeared on the surface of the Cu2O island, whereas at 550 A degrees C NiO appeared first. XPS and TEM revealed a sequential formation of NiO and then Cu2O islands at 550 A degrees C. The temperature-dependent oxide selection may be due to an increase of the diffusivity of Ni in Cu with increasing temperature. C1 [Kang, Yihong] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Luo, Langli; Zhou, Guangwen] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Mech Engn, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Luo, Langli; Zhou, Guangwen] SUNY Binghamton, Multidisciplinary Program Mat Sci & Engn, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Tong, Xiao; Starr, David] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Yang, Judith C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Kang, YH (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM yik3@pitt.edu; langley821@gmail.com; xtong@bnl.gov; dstarr@bnl.gov; gzhou@binghamton.edu; judyyang@pitt.edu RI Luo, Langli/B-5239-2013; OI Luo, Langli/0000-0002-6311-051X FU National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research [0706171]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors thank M. France, L. Li and Z. Zhang for their assistance. This research program is supported by the National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research (0706171). The ex situ TEM experiments were performed at Nanoscale Fabrication and Characterization Facility, University of Pittsburgh. The XPS experiments were carried out at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials at Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (DE-AC02-98CH10886). NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 18 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 303 EP 311 DI 10.1007/s11085-012-9332-4 PG 9 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 109VQ UT WOS:000316397900008 ER PT J AU Joshi, VV Meier, A Darsell, J Nachimuthu, P Bowden, M Weil, KS AF Joshi, Vineet V. Meier, Alan Darsell, Jens Nachimuthu, Ponnusamy Bowden, Mark Weil, K. Scott TI Short-Term Oxidation Studies on Nicrofer-6025HT in Air at Elevated Temperatures for Advanced Coal Based Power Plants SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE Nicrofer-6025HT; Alloy 602CA; Oxidation; XPS ID CR-AL ALLOYS; INTERCONNECT APPLICATIONS; IN-738LC SUPERALLOY; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; MECHANISM; MEMBRANES; BEHAVIOR; SCALES AB Several advanced air separation unit (ASU) designs being considered for use in coal gasification rely on the use of solid state mixed ionic and electronic conductors. Nicrofer-6025HT, a nickel-based alloy, has been identified as a potential manifold material to transport the hot gases into the ASUs. In the current study, isothermal oxidation tests were conducted on Nicrofer-6025HT in the temperature range of 700-900 A degrees C for up to 24 h. The evolution of oxide scale was evaluated using SEM, XRD, and XPS. The composite surface oxide layer that formed consisted of an outer chromia-rich scale and an inner alumina scale. For the longer times at the higher temperatures evaluated, a NiCr2O4 spinel phase was located at the interface between the alumina and chromia. Based on the experimental results a four-step oxidation model was proposed. C1 [Joshi, Vineet V.; Darsell, Jens; Nachimuthu, Ponnusamy; Bowden, Mark; Weil, K. Scott] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Meier, Alan] Montana Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Butte, MT USA. RP Joshi, VV (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM vineet.joshi@pnnl.gov OI Joshi, Vineet/0000-0001-7600-9317 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy; United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) [DE-AC06-76RLO 1830]; Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. The research was performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 22 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 383 EP 404 DI 10.1007/s11085-013-9362-6 PG 22 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 109VQ UT WOS:000316397900014 ER PT J AU Zhang, JY Lee, YC Torres-Jerez, I Wang, MY Yin, YB Chou, WC He, J Shen, H Srivastava, AC Pennacchio, C Lindquist, E Grimwood, J Schmutz, J Xu, Y Sharma, M Sharma, R Bartley, LE Ronald, PC Saha, MC Dixon, RA Tang, YH Udvardi, MK AF Zhang, Ji-Yi Lee, Yi-Ching Torres-Jerez, Ivone Wang, Mingyi Yin, Yanbin Chou, Wen-Chi He, Ji Shen, Hui Srivastava, Avinash C. Pennacchio, Christa Lindquist, Erika Grimwood, Jane Schmutz, Jeremy Xu, Ying Sharma, Manoj Sharma, Rita Bartley, Laura E. Ronald, Pamela C. Saha, Malay C. Dixon, Richard A. Tang, Yuhong Udvardi, Michael K. TI Development of an integrated transcript sequence database and a gene expression atlas for gene discovery and analysis in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Panicum virgatum; switchgrass; bioenergy; transcript sequence; transcriptome; genomics; technical advance ID LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; MESSENGER-RNA; GENOME; NORMALIZATION; TAGS; RICE; IDENTIFICATION; ARABIDOPSIS; POPULATIONS; BIOENERGY AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a perennial C4 grass with the potential to become a major bioenergy crop. To help realize this potential, a set of RNA-based resources were developed. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were generated from two tetraploid switchgrass genotypes, Alamo AP13 and Summer VS16. Over 11.5 million high-quality ESTs were generated with 454 sequencing technology, and an additional 169079 Sanger sequences were obtained from the 5 and 3 ends of 93312 clones from normalized, full-length-enriched cDNA libraries. AP13 and VS16 ESTs were assembled into 77854 and 30524 unique transcripts (unitranscripts), respectively, using the Newbler and pave programs. Published Sanger-ESTs (544225) from Alamo, Kanlow, and 15 other cultivars were integrated with the AP13 and VS16 assemblies to create a universal switchgrass gene index (PviUT1.2) with 128058 unitranscripts, which were annotated for function. An Affymetrix cDNA microarray chip (Pvi_cDNAa520831) containing 122973 probe sets was designed from PviUT1.2 sequences, and used to develop a Gene Expression Atlas for switchgrass (PviGEA). The PviGEA contains quantitative transcript data for all major organ systems of switchgrass throughout development. We developed a web server that enables flexible, multifaceted analyses of PviGEA transcript data. The PviGEA was used to identify representatives of all known genes in the phenylpropanoidmonolignol biosynthesis pathway. C1 [Zhang, Ji-Yi; Lee, Yi-Ching; Torres-Jerez, Ivone; Wang, Mingyi; He, Ji; Shen, Hui; Srivastava, Avinash C.; Dixon, Richard A.; Tang, Yuhong; Udvardi, Michael K.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Zhang, Ji-Yi; Lee, Yi-Ching; Yin, Yanbin; Chou, Wen-Chi; Shen, Hui; Srivastava, Avinash C.; Xu, Ying; Saha, Malay C.; Dixon, Richard A.; Tang, Yuhong; Udvardi, Michael K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Dept Energy, BioEnergy Sci Ctr BESC, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Yin, Yanbin; Chou, Wen-Chi; Xu, Ying] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Pennacchio, Christa; Lindquist, Erika; Grimwood, Jane; Schmutz, Jeremy] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 95598 USA. [Grimwood, Jane; Schmutz, Jeremy] HudsonAlpha Genome Sequencing Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Sharma, Manoj; Sharma, Rita; Bartley, Laura E.; Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sharma, Manoj; Sharma, Rita; Bartley, Laura E.; Ronald, Pamela C.] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sharma, Manoj; Sharma, Rita; Bartley, Laura E.; Ronald, Pamela C.] Joint Bioenergy Inst JBEI, Dept Energy, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Saha, Malay C.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Forage Improvement Div, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. RP Udvardi, MK (reprint author), Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Div Plant Biol, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. EM mudvardi@noble.org RI Yin, Yanbin/C-9788-2010; OI Yin, Yanbin/0000-0001-7667-881X; Bartley, Laura/0000-0001-8610-7551 FU BioEnergy Science Center, a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center, through the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank Dr Will Nelson of the University of Arizona/Bio5 for help using PAVE. This work was supported by the BioEnergy Science Center, a US Department of Energy Bioenergy Research Center, through the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. The work conducted by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 53 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 66 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD APR PY 2013 VL 74 IS 1 BP 160 EP 173 DI 10.1111/tpj.12104 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 112UE UT WOS:000316618500014 PM 23289674 ER PT J AU Patel, M Bowditch, M Jones, B Netherton, D Khan, N Letant, S Maxwell, RS Birdsell, SA AF Patel, Mogon Bowditch, Martin Jones, Ben Netherton, David Khan, Niaz Letant, Sonia Maxwell, Robert S. Birdsell, Stephen A. TI Volatile out gassing characteristics of highly filled ethylene vinyl acetate binder materials: Gas phase infra-red spectroscopy SO POLYMER TESTING LA English DT Article DE Volatile Out gassing; Infra-red spectroscopy; Ageing; Poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) ID THERMAL-OXIDATION; COPOLYMER AB Gas phase Infra-red (IR) spectroscopy has been used to investigate volatile out gassing properties of highly filled poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) materials. A Scout-EN (TM) heated gas cell was interfaced to a vacuum FTIR spectrometer, and the quantification of evolved species was achieved through calibration of the gas cell with certified gas standards. The volatile out gassing properties were monitored as a function of time under vacuum conditions (<1 mbar). Acetic acid, carbon dioxide and water were identified as the major out gassing products through IR absorption peaks at 1797, 2354 and 3853 cm(-1), respectively. A comparison of three highly filled poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) resins is reported. In each case, low molecular weight silicone impurities linked to processing operations were identified in the headspace. Successive out gassing runs (pump downs) showed a diminishing equilibrium release level, suggesting a reduction in initial concentration of volatiles within the material. Two different initial phases of species may exist in highly filled materials; 'weakly-bound' and relatively 'tightly bound' phases of volatile species. The gas phase IR test methodology reported here is a useful analytical tool for investigating out gassing characteristics at the individual and multi-material levels, providing parameter estimates and material sensitivity data for system level ageing models in support of core programmes in materials qualification and life assessment. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Patel, Mogon; Bowditch, Martin; Jones, Ben; Netherton, David; Khan, Niaz] AWE, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. [Letant, Sonia; Maxwell, Robert S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Birdsell, Stephen A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Patel, M (reprint author), AWE, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England. EM mogon.patel@awe.co.uk FU U.S. Department of Energy (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) [DE-AC5207NA27344] FX The authors would like to thank Dr PDD Monks (AWE) for his research and support into volatile out gassing models. We would also like to thank Dr Robert Bernstein (SNL-NM) and Dr Gregory Von White II (SNL-NM) for their participation in this collaborative project. The work reported here includes joint working agreements between AWE and the US, and is covered by focus exchange activities with the U.S. Department of Energy (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) under Contract DE-AC5207NA27344. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9418 J9 POLYM TEST JI Polym. Test PD APR PY 2013 VL 32 IS 2 BP 313 EP 320 DI 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2012.12.001 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 111HV UT WOS:000316513300020 ER PT J AU Musculus, MPB Miles, PC Pickett, LM AF Musculus, Mark P. B. Miles, Paul C. Pickett, Lyle M. TI Conceptual models for partially premixed low-temperature diesel combustion SO PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Diesel engine; Emissions; Low-temperature combustion; Optical diagnostics; Conceptual model ID COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINE; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; TURBULENT JETS; SHOCK-TUBE; FORMALDEHYDE; OXIDATION; PARTICLES; EGR AB Based on recent research within optically accessible engines and combustion chambers, conceptual models for low-temperature combustion (LTC) diesel engines are proposed. To provide a reference to which the LTC conceptual models may be compared, an established conceptual model framework for conventional diesel combustion is first reviewed and updated. Then, based on multiple optical diagnostic observations and homogeneous reactor simulations using detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms, extensions to the existing conceptual model are proposed. The LTC conceptual models are not intended to describe all LTC strategies, but rather a common subset of low-load, single-injection, partially pre-mixed compression ignition conditions that are diluted by exhaust-gas recirculation to oxygen concentrations in the range of 10-15%. The models describe the spray formation, vaporization, mixing, ignition, and pollutant formation and destruction mechanisms that are consistent with experimental observations and modeling predictions for LTC diesel engines. Two separate subcategories are offered for either heavy-duty, large-bore or for light-duty, small-bore engines. Relative to the existing conventional diesel conceptual model, the features of the LTC conceptual models include longer liquid-fuel penetration, an extended ignition delay that allows more premixing of fuel, a more distinct and temporally extended two-stage ignition, more spatially uniform second-stage ignition, reduced and altered soot formation regions, and increased overmixing leading to incomplete combustion. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Musculus, Mark P. B.; Miles, Paul C.; Pickett, Lyle M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Musculus, MPB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engine Combust Dept, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM mpmuscu@sandia.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Support for this research was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies. The authors' research took place at the Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories in Livermore, California. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The authors express their gratitude to John Dec and Julien Manin of Sandia National Laboratories for their helpful discussions and suggestions for improvement of the article. NR 131 TC 111 Z9 115 U1 17 U2 147 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-1285 J9 PROG ENERG COMBUST JI Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 2013 VL 39 IS 2-3 BP 246 EP 283 DI 10.1016/j.pecs.2012.09.001 PG 38 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 105RW UT WOS:000316091200002 ER PT J AU Louis, GW Hallinger, DR Stoker, TE AF Louis, Gwendolyn W. Hallinger, Daniel R. Stoker, Tammy E. TI The effect of triclosan on the uterotrophic response to extended doses of ethinyl estradiol in the weanling rat SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Triclosan; Estrogen; Uterotrophic ID HYDROXYLATED PCB METABOLITES; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR-ALPHA; EARLY-LIFE STAGES; GENE-EXPRESSION; IMMATURE RATS; UTERINE CALBINDIN-D9K; OECD PROGRAM; BISPHENOL-A; IN-VIVO; EXPOSURE AB Triclosan (TCS), an antibacterial, has been shown to be an endocrine disruptor in the rat. We reported previously that TCS potentiated the estrogenic effect of ethinyl estradiol (EE) on uterine growth in rats exposed to EE and TCS in the uterotrophic assay, whereas TCS alone had no effect. To further characterize this potentiation, we evaluated the effect of co-exposure with lower doses of EE that are comparable to the concentrations in hormone replacement regimens and began to assess the mechanisms by which this potentiation occurs. Changes in uterine weight, epithelial cell growth, and estrogen-sensitive gene expression were assessed. TCS expectedly enhanced the uterotrophic response to EE, however at significantly lower doses of EE. Similarly, TCS increased the EE-induced stimulation of epithelial cell height following cotreatment. Cotreatment also enhanced the estrogen-induced change in gene expression, which was reversed with an ER antagonist. Furthermore, the TCS-induced potentiation was independent of ER activation, as no effects were observed in the ER TA assay. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Louis, Gwendolyn W.; Hallinger, Daniel R.; Stoker, Tammy E.] US EPA, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Louis, Gwendolyn W.] US DOE, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Louis, GW (reprint author), US EPA, Endocrine Toxicol Branch, Tox Assessment Div, NHEERL ORD, MD 72, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM louis.gwendolyn@epa.gov NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 36 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 36 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.12.001 PG 7 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 108PD UT WOS:000316307000010 PM 23261820 ER PT J AU Corrado, C Leow, SW Osborn, M Chan, E Balaban, B Carter, SA AF Corrado, Carley Leow, Shin Woei Osborn, Melissa Chan, Emory Balaban, Benjamin Carter, Sue A. TI Optimization of gain and energy conversion efficiency using front-facing photovoltaic cell luminescent solar concentrator design SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE Luminescent solar concentrator; Lumogen Red 305; Building integrated photovoltaic; Front-facing photovoltaic ID PERFORMANCE; SPECTRUM AB Luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) windows with front-facing photovoltaic (PV) cells were built and their gain and power efficiency were investigated. Conventional LSCs employ a photovoltaic (PV) cell that is placed on the edge of the LSC, facing inward. This paper describes a new design with the PV cells on the front-face allowing them to receive both direct solar irradiation and wave-guided photons emitted from a dye embedded in an acrylic sheet, which is optically coupled to the PV cells. Parameters investigated include the thickness of the waveguide, edge treatment of the window, cell width, and cell placement. The data allowed us to make projections that aided in designing windows for maximized overall efficiency. A gain in power of 2.2 x over the PV cells alone was obtained with PV cell coverage of 5%, and a power conversion efficiency as high as 6.8% was obtained with a PV cell coverage of 31%. Balancing the trade-offs between gain and efficiency, the design with the lowest cost per watt attained a power efficiency of 3.8% and a gain of 1.6 x. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Corrado, Carley; Leow, Shin Woei; Osborn, Melissa; Balaban, Benjamin; Carter, Sue A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Chan, Emory] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leow, Shin Woei] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Jack Baskin Sch Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Carter, SA (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM sacarter@ucsc.edu RI Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-EE0003455]; University of California [192864]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Grant No. DE-EE0003455 and by the University of California Discovery Grant No. 192864. Portions of this work were performed at the Molecular Foundry and were supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We would also like to thank Jeremy Olson, Nathan Green, Shila Alavi, and Glenn Alers at APV Research as well as Dave Thayer in the Wood Shop at UCSC. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD APR PY 2013 VL 111 BP 74 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2012.12.030 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 111IS UT WOS:000316515600010 ER PT J AU Miller, DC Carloni, JD Johnson, DK Pankow, JW Gjersing, EL To, B Packard, CE Kennedy, CE Kurtz, SR AF Miller, David C. Carloni, Joseph D. Johnson, David K. Pankow, Joel W. Gjersing, Erica L. To, Bobby Packard, Corinne E. Kennedy, Cheryl E. Kurtz, Sarah R. TI An investigation of the changes in poly(methyl methacrylate) specimens after exposure to ultra-violet light, heat, and humidity SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS LA English DT Article DE Accelerated stress testing; Reliability; Instrumented indentation ID HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR; C-13 NMR; WAVELENGTH SENSITIVITY; PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES; MONOCHROMATED XPS; CONTACT-ANGLE; PMMA; PHOTODEGRADATION; TACTICITY; DEGRADATION AB The degradation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) exposed to ultra-violet (UV) light, heat, and humidity is examined using a variety of materials characterization techniques. Using contemporary material formulations, some of which are specifically marketed to the PV industry, techniques were identified that can readily discern material changes in PMMA degraded by artificial weathering. Separate PMMA formulations were categorized as "hazy" or "yellow", based on their visual appearance after 18 cumulative months of indoor aging in an environmental chamber equipped with a xenon-arc lamp. The characteristics examined included: optical transmittance (and the corresponding yellowness index); surface roughness (examined via atomic force and scanning electron microscopy); surface chemistry (via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy); elastic modulus and mechanical hardness (via nanoindentation); thermal decomposition (via thermogravimetric analysis); bulk chemistry (via nuclear magnetic resonance); molecular weight (via gel permeation chromatography); and optical fluorescence. The comparison between the most affected "hazy" and "yellow" specimens illustrates some of the ways these measurement techniques can be used to explore changes in application-critical characteristics and mechanisms involved in material degradation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Miller, David C.; Pankow, Joel W.; To, Bobby; Packard, Corinne E.; Kurtz, Sarah R.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Carloni, Joseph D.; Packard, Corinne E.] Colorado Sch Mines, REMRSEC, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Carloni, Joseph D.] SUNY Binghamton, Watson Sch Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Vestal, NY 13850 USA. [Johnson, David K.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Gjersing, Erica L.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Kennedy, Cheryl E.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Ctr Elect Resources & Bldg Syst Integrat, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Miller, DC (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM David.Miller@nrel.gov RI Packard, Corinne/A-9606-2010 OI Packard, Corinne/0000-0002-5815-8586 FU U.S. Department of Energy [AC36-08G028308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; National Science Foundation [DMR-0820518]; National Science Foundation, Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [DMR-0820518]; National Science Foundation, REU Site: Research Experiences for Undergraduates in Renewable Energy [DMR-1063150] FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Michael Kempe, Dr. Daryl Myers, Dr. John Pern, Dr. Dan Ruddy, Matt Beach, Lynn Gedvilas, Christa Loux, Marc Oddo, Bryan Price, Kent Terwilliger, and Robert Tirawat of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory for their discussion/help with the solar spectrum, experimental methods, optical measurements, or other subsequent analysis. John Chandler of the Colorado School of Mines is acknowledged for his help with FESEM imaging. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC36-08G028308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The National Science Foundation has generously supported renewable energy education at the Colorado School of Mines through its awards DMR-0820518, Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center [a] and DMR-1063150, REU Site: Research Experiences for Undergraduates in Renewable Energy [b].; [a] National Science Foundation award number DMR-0820518, Renewable Energy Materials Research Science and Engineering Center.; [b] National Science Foundation award number DMR-1063150, REU Site: Research Experiences for Undergraduates in Renewable Energy. NR 65 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-0248 EI 1879-3398 J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells PD APR PY 2013 VL 111 BP 165 EP 180 DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2012.05.043 PG 16 WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics GA 111IS UT WOS:000316515600025 ER PT J AU Yang, YS Schleputz, CM Bellucci, F Allen, MW Durbin, SM Clarke, R AF Yang, Yongsoo Schlepuetz, Christian M. Bellucci, Francesco Allen, Martin W. Durbin, Steven M. Clarke, Roy TI Structural investigation of ZnO O-polar (000(1)over-bar) surfaces and Schottky interfaces SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ZnO; Oxide surface; Interface structure; Surface roughness; Schottky contact; X-ray diffraction ID OXIDE SURFACES; 10(1)OVER-BAR0; STM AB We report on the atomic structures of bare and metal-coated ZnO O-polar (000 (1) over bar) surfaces as determined by model fitting of surface X-ray diffraction data. O-polar surfaces measured under typical device fabrication conditions are significantly rougher than Zn-polar (0001) surfaces, exhibiting Gaussian-shaped roughness profiles with a width of about 1.5 unit cells, regardless of the existence of a metal over-layer. All samples show a decreased layer distance between the topmost oxygen and zinc layers, consistent with theoretical predictions. Clear differences are observed in the occupations of the topmost oxygen layer in oxidized-metal-coated samples. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Yongsoo; Clarke, Roy] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Schlepuetz, Christian M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bellucci, Francesco] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Allen, Martin W.; Durbin, Steven M.] MacDiarmid Inst Adv Mat & Nanotechnol, Wellington, New Zealand. [Allen, Martin W.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Durbin, Steven M.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Durbin, Steven M.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Yang, YS (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, 450 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM ysyang@umich.edu RI Schleputz, Christian/C-4696-2008; Yang, Yongsoo/P-7716-2014 OI Schleputz, Christian/0000-0002-0485-2708; Yang, Yongsoo/0000-0001-8654-302X FU National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences [EAR-0622171]; Department of Energy - Geosciences [DE-FG02-94ER14466]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; New Zealand Marsden Fund [UOC0909]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-06ER46273] FX The authors thank Matts Bjorck for supporting GenX and making it freely available [20], and R. Heinhold, H.-S. Kim, and C. Cionca for the ZnO sample preparation. The experiments were performed in part at the X04SA beamline at the SLS, Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland, and at Sector 13-BM-C (GeoSoilEnviroCARS) and Sector 33-ID-D at the APS. Excellent beamline support by P. R. Willmott (X04SA), P. J. Eng, and J. Stubbs (13-BM-C), Z. Zhang (33-ID-D), and the staff of the SLS and APS is gratefully acknowledged. GeoSoilEnviroCARS is supported by the National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences (EAR-0622171) and the Department of Energy - Geosciences (DE-FG02-94ER14466). The use of the APS was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work was supported by the New Zealand Marsden Fund (contract no. UOC0909, PI: MWA and SMD), and the work at APS was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (contract no. DE-FG02-06ER46273, PI: RC). NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 62 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 EI 1879-2758 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 610 BP 22 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.susc.2012.12.018 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA 105SM UT WOS:000316092800005 ER PT J AU Skolness, SY Blanksma, CA Cavallin, JE Churchill, JJ Durhan, EJ Jensen, KM Johnson, RD Kahl, MD Makynen, EA Villeneuve, DL Ankley, GT AF Skolness, Sarah Y. Blanksma, Chad A. Cavallin, Jenna E. Churchill, Jessica J. Durhan, Elizabeth J. Jensen, Kathleen M. Johnson, Rodney D. Kahl, Michael D. Makynen, Elizabeth A. Villeneuve, Daniel L. Ankley, Gerald T. TI Propiconazole Inhibits Steroidogenesis and Reproduction in the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE propiconazole; fish; reproduction; steriodogenesis; endocrine disruption ID ERGOSTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; REFUSE DUMP; FUNGICIDES; KETOCONAZOLE; CYTOCHROME-P450; ANTIFUNGALS; METABOLISM; EXPRESSION; CHEMICALS AB Conazoles are designed to inhibit cytochrome P450 (CYP) 14 alpha-demethylase, an enzyme key to fungal cell wall formation. In vertebrates, conazoles may inhibit other CYPs, potentially disrupting processes like sex steroid synthesis. Propiconazole is a current-use pesticide that is among the first chemicals being tested in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency endocrine disruptor screening program. Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to 0, 5, 50, 500, or 1000 mu g propiconazole/l in a 21-day study that evaluated apical reproductive endpoints (fecundity, fertility, hatch); measures of endocrine function and steroid synthesis, such as cholesterol, vitellogenin (VTG), and sex steroid (testosterone [T], 17 beta-estradiol [E2]) concentrations in the plasma; and changes in gonadal expression of steroidogenic genes. Plasma E2 and VTG concentrations in females were reduced by exposure to propiconazole, and egg production was decreased in the 500 and 1000 mu g/l treatment groups. These in vivo effects coincided with inhibition of E2 synthesis by ovary explants exposed to propiconazole in vitro. We also observed a compensatory response in females exposed to propiconazole, manifested as increased gonad weight and upregulation of genes coding for key steriodogenic proteins, including CYP19 (aromatase), CYP17 (hydroxylase/lyase), CYP11A (cholesterol side-chain-cleavage), and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein. Other than an increase in relative testis weight, effects on endocrine function in males were less pronounced than in females. This study provides important data relative to the potential endocrine activity of propiconazole in fish and, more generally, to the further delineation of pathways for the reproductive effects of steroid synthesis inhibitors in fish. C1 [Skolness, Sarah Y.] Univ Minnesota, Toxicol Grad Program, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Blanksma, Chad A.; Cavallin, Jenna E.] US EPA, ORISE Res Participat Program, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Churchill, Jessica J.; Durhan, Elizabeth J.; Jensen, Kathleen M.; Johnson, Rodney D.; Kahl, Michael D.; Makynen, Elizabeth A.; Villeneuve, Daniel L.; Ankley, Gerald T.] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. RP Ankley, GT (reprint author), US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM ankley.gerald@epa.gov FU USEPA Office of Research and Development [83492801]; University of Minnesota-Duluth FX USEPA Office of Research and Development, in part, through a Cooperative Research Training Agreement (83492801) with the University of Minnesota-Duluth. NR 54 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 76 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 132 IS 2 BP 284 EP 297 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kft010 PG 14 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 109LY UT WOS:000316371300004 PM 23339182 ER PT J AU Yue, M Cheng, LY Bari, RA AF Yue, M. Cheng, L. -Y. Bari, R. A. TI Modeling and evaluating proliferation resistance of nuclear energy systems for strategy switching proliferation SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Markov model; Proliferation resistance; Batch-mode material flow; Continuous material flow; Strategy switching proliferation AB This paper reports a Markov model based approach to systematically evaluating the proliferation resistance (PR) of nuclear energy systems (NESs). The focus of the study is on the development of the Markov models for a class of complex PR scenarios, i.e., mixed covert/overt strategy switching proliferation, for NESs with two modes of material flow, batch and continuous. In particular, a set of diversion and/or breakout scenarios and covert/overt misuse scenarios are studied in detail for an Example Sodium Fast Reactor (ESFR) system. Both probabilistic and deterministic PR measures are calculated using a software tool that implements the proposed approach and can be used to quantitatively compare proliferation resistant characteristics of different scenarios for a given NES, according to the computed PR measures. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yue, M.; Cheng, L. -Y.; Bari, R. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Yue, M (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM yuemeng@bnl.gov FU U.S. DOE Office of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Ioannis Papazoglou for informative discussion on the general structure and applications of Markov models. We thank all of the attendees of the Markov Workshop held at BNL from April 30-May 1, 2008 for their constructive comments. We value the opportunity we had to collaborate with Ms. Naoko Inoue of JAEA on the enhancement of PRCALC during her 4-week stay at BNL. We also thank Lynne Ecker for her constructive review and comments on this report. The work has been sponsored by the U.S. DOE Office of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 and we particularly thank Dr. Robert Versluis for his support and encouragement of this research. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD APR PY 2013 VL 54 BP 11 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.anucene.2012.10.011 PG 16 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA 099HP UT WOS:000315612400002 ER PT J AU Vlassiouk, I Fulvio, P Meyer, H Lavrik, N Dai, S Datskos, P Smirnov, S AF Vlassiouk, Ivan Fulvio, Pasquale Meyer, Harry Lavrik, Nick Dai, Sheng Datskos, Panos Smirnov, Sergei TI Large scale atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition of graphene SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID LARGE-AREA; TRANSPARENT ELECTRODES; CU SURFACES; FILMS; COPPER; HYDROGEN; GRAPHITE; CU(100); GROWTH; DISSOCIATION AB We demonstrate that large scale high quality graphene synthesis can be performed using atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on Cu and illustrate how this procedure eliminates major difficulties associated with the low pressure CVD approach while allowing straightforward expansion of this technology to the roll-to-roll industrial scale graphene production. The detailed recipes evaluating the effects of copper foil thicknesses, purity, morphology and crystallographic orientation on the graphene growth rates and the number of graphene layers were investigated and optimized. Various foil cleaning protocols and growth conditions were evaluated and optimized to be suitable for production of large scale single layer graphene that was subsequently transferred on transparent flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer substrates. Such "ready to use" graphene-PET sandwich structures were as large as 40 '' in diagonal and >98% single layer, sufficient for many commercial and research applications. Synthesized large graphene film consists of domains exceeding 100 mu m. Some curious behavior of high temperature graphene etching by oxygen is described that allows convenient visualization of interdomain boundaries and internal stresses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vlassiouk, Ivan; Datskos, Panos] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Measurement Sci & Syst Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Fulvio, Pasquale; Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Meyer, Harry] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Lavrik, Nick] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Smirnov, Sergei] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Smirnov, Sergei] NM Devices LLC, Las Cruces, NM 88005 USA. RP Vlassiouk, I (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Measurement Sci & Syst Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM vlassioukiv@ornl.gov RI Fulvio, Pasquale/B-2968-2014; Lavrik, Nickolay/B-5268-2011; Smirnov, Sergei/H-8774-2016; Vlassiouk, Ivan/F-9587-2010; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Fulvio, Pasquale/0000-0001-7580-727X; Lavrik, Nickolay/0000-0002-9543-5634; Vlassiouk, Ivan/0000-0002-5494-0386; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); US Department of Energy [DEAC05-00OR22725]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy FX I.V. was supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DEAC05-00OR22725. Authors thank Dr. K. Xia and Dr. M. Regmi for valuable help in obtaining XRD data; I. Ivanov for help with Raman characterization; Charles Schaich and. Jim Kiggans for technical assistance. A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. NR 49 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 16 U2 391 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD APR PY 2013 VL 54 BP 58 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.11.003 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 098IA UT WOS:000315541500007 ER PT J AU Magedov, IV Frolova, LV Ovezmyradov, M Bethke, D Shaner, EA Kalugin, NG AF Magedov, Igor V. Frolova, Lilia V. Ovezmyradov, Mekan Bethke, Donald Shaner, Eric A. Kalugin, Nikolai G. TI Benzyne-functionalized graphene and graphite characterized by Raman spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES; ACTIVE CATALYSTS; LARGE-AREA; CARBON; ARYNES; FILMS; SCATTERING; CRYSTALS; SHEETS; OXIDE AB The benzyne functionalization of chemical vapor deposition grown large area graphene and graphite was performed using a mixture of o-trimethylsilylphenyl triflate and cesium fluoride that react with the carbon surface. The reaction requires at least 2 days of treatment before the appearance of Raman and energy-dispersive X-ray spectral signatures that verify modification. Raman spectra of modified graphene and graphite show a rich structure oflines corresponding to C=C-C, C-H, and low frequency modes of surface-attached benzyne rings. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Magedov, Igor V.; Frolova, Lilia V.; Shaner, Eric A.; Kalugin, Nikolai G.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Ovezmyradov, Mekan; Kalugin, Nikolai G.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Bethke, Donald] Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Bethke, Donald] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Kalugin, NG (reprint author), New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Mat Engn, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM nkalugin@nmt.edu FU NSF [0925988]; National Center for Research Resources [5P20RR016480-12]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [8 P20 GM103451-12]; NIH; DOE Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies [U2008A061, RA2009B066]; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04 94AL85000] FX We acknowledge support from NSF (project #0925988), from the National Center for Research Resources (5P20RR016480-12) and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (8 P20 GM103451-12) from NIH, and from the DOE Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies user support program (Grants #U2008A061 and #RA2009B066). Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04 94AL85000. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 90 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 EI 1873-3891 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD APR PY 2013 VL 54 BP 192 EP 200 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.11.025 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 098IA UT WOS:000315541500021 PM 23505324 ER PT J AU Berman, D Erdemir, A Sumant, AV AF Berman, Diana Erdemir, Ali Sumant, Anirudha V. TI Few layer graphene to reduce wear and friction on sliding steel surfaces SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; STAINLESS-STEEL; TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; CORROSION; STRENGTH; IRON; GRAPHITE; CHROMIUM AB We report that solution-processed graphene layers reduce friction and wear on sliding steel surfaces in air (relative humidity, 30%). In tests with sliding steel surfaces, small amounts of graphene-containing ethanol solution decreased wear by almost 4 orders of magnitude and friction coefficients by a factor of 6. A possible explanation for these results is that the graphene layers act as a two-dimensional nanomaterial and form a conformal protective coating on the sliding contact interfaces, and these factors facilitate shear and slow down the tribo-corrosion, thus drastically reducing the wear. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Berman, Diana; Sumant, Anirudha V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Erdemir, Ali] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Sumant, AV (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM sumant@anl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 30 TC 118 Z9 123 U1 34 U2 290 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD APR PY 2013 VL 54 BP 454 EP 459 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.11.061 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 098IA UT WOS:000315541500050 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Carena, M Ellis, J Pilaftsis, A Wagner, CEM AF Lee, J. S. Carena, M. Ellis, J. Pilaftsis, A. Wagner, C. E. M. TI CPsuperH2.3: An updated tool for phenomenology in the MSSM with explicit CP violation SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Higgs bosons; Supersymmetry; CP; LHC; DMs ID SUPERSYMMETRIC STANDARD MODEL; HIGGS PHENOMENOLOGY; COMPUTATIONAL TOOL; BOSON; SECTOR; MASSES AB We describe the Fortran code CPsuperH2.3, which incorporates the following updates compared with its predecessor CPsuperH2 0. It implements improved calculations of the Higgs-boson masses and mixing including stau contributions and finite threshold effects on the tau-lepton Yukawa coupling. It incorporates the LEP limits on the processes e(+)e(-) -> H(i)Z, HiHj and the CMS limits on H-i -> (tau) over bar tau obtained from 4.6 fb(-1) of data at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. It also includes the decay mode H-i -> Z gamma and the Schiff-moment contributions to the electric dipole moments of Mercury and Radium 225, with several calculational options for the case of Mercury. These additions make CPsuperH2.3 a suitable tool for analyzing possible CP-violating effects in the MSSM in the era of the LHC and a new generation of EDM experiments.(1) Program summary Program title: CPsuperH2.3 Catalogue identifier: ADSR_v3_0 Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADSR_v3_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.html No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 24058 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 158721 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: Fortran77. Computer: PC running under Linux and computers in Unix environment. Operating system: Linux. RAM: 32 MB Classification: 11.1. Does the new version supersede the previous version?: Yes Catalogue identifier of previous version: ADSR_v2_0 Journal reference of previous version: Comput Phys. Comm. 180(2009)312 Nature of problem: The calculations of mass spectrum, decay widths and branching ratios of the neutral and charged Higgs bosons in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with explicit CF violation have been improved. The program is based on renormalization-group-improved diagrammatic calculations that include dominant higher-order logarithmic and threshold corrections, b-quark and tau-lepton Yukawa-coupling resummation effects and improved treatment of Higgs-boson pole-mass shifts. The couplings Of the Higgs bosons to the Standard Model gauge bosons and fermions, to their supersymmetric partners and all the trilinear and quartic Higgs-boson self-couplings are also calculated. Also included are a full treatment of the 4 x 4 (2 x 2) neutral (charged) Higgs propagator matrix together with the center-of-mass dependent Higgs-boson couplings to gluons and photons, and an integrated treatment of several B-meson observables. The new implementations include the EDMs of Thallium, neutron, Mercury, Deuteron, Radium, and muon, as well as the anomalous magnetic moment of muon, (g(mu) - 2), the top-quark decays, improved calculations of the Higgs-boson masses and mixing including stau contributions, the LEP limits, and the CMS limits on H-i -> tau(tau) over bar. It also implements the decay mode H-i -> Z gamma and includes the corresponding Standard Model branching ratios of the three neutral Higgs bosons in the array GAMBRN(IM, IWB = 2, IH). Solution method: One-dimensional numerical integration for several Higgs-decay modes and EDMs, iterative treatment of the threshold corrections and Higgs-boson pole masses, and the numerical diagonalization of the neutralino mass matrix. Reasons for new version: Mainly to provide the full calculations of the EDMs of Thallium; neutron, Mercury, Deuteron, Radium, and muon as well as (g(mu) - 2), improved calculations of the Higgs-boson masses and mixing including stau contributions, the LEP limits, the CMS limits on H-i -> tau(tau) over bar the top-quark decays, H-i -> Z gamma decay, and the corresponding Standard Model branching ratios of the three neutral Higgs bosons. Summary of revisions: Full calculations of the EDMs of Thallium, neutron, Mercury, Deuteron, Radium, and muon as well as (g(mu) - 2). Improved treatment of Higgs-boson masses and mixing including stau contributions. The LEP limits. The CMS limits on H-i -> tau(tau) over bar. The top-quark decays. The H-i -> Z gamma decay. The corresponding Standard Model branching ratios of the three neutral Higgs bosons. Running time: Less than 1.0 s. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, J. S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. [Lee, J. S.] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan. [Carena, M.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Ellis, J.] Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, Theoret Particle Phys & Cosmol Grp, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Ellis, J.] CERN, Div Theory, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Pilaftsis, A.] Univ Manchester, Consortium Fundamental Phys, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Wagner, C. E. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Wagner, C. E. M.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), Chonnam Natl Univ, Dept Phys, 300 Yongbong Dong, Kwangju 500757, South Korea. EM jslee@jnu.ac.kr FU NSC of Taiwan [100-2112-M-007-023-MY3]; European Research Council via the Advanced Investigator Grant [267352]; Lancaster-Manchester-Sheffield Consortium for Fundamental Physics, under STFC research [ST/J000418/1]; Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [DE-AC02-07CH11359]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank Genevieve Belanger, Kaoru Hagiwara, Sabine Kraml, Junya Nakamura and Alexander Pukhov for helpful discussions. The work of JSL is supported in part by the NSC of Taiwan (100-2112-M-007-023-MY3), the work of JE by the London Centre for Terauniverse Studies (LCTS), using funding from the European Research Council via the Advanced Investigator Grant 267352, and the work of AP by the Lancaster-Manchester-Sheffield Consortium for Fundamental Physics, under STFC research grant ST/J000418/1. Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Work at ANL is supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 36 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD APR PY 2013 VL 184 IS 4 BP 1220 EP 1233 DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2012.11.006 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 104EI UT WOS:000315974100016 ER PT J AU Huang, DB Hu, JY Song, GL Guo, XP AF Huang, D. B. Hu, J. Y. Song, G. -L. Guo, X. P. TI Self-corrosion, galvanic corrosion and inhibition of GW103 and AZ91D Mg alloys in ethylene glycol solution SO CORROSION ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mg; Galvanic corrosion; Inhibitor ID MICROSTRUCTURE; ALUMINUM; COOLANTS AB The self-corrosion and galvanic corrosion of magnesium based alloys Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.5Zr (GW103) and AZ91D coupled to carbon steel and Cu in ethylene glycol (EG) solution with and without inorganic-organic inhibitor packages Na3PO4 + SDBS and Na3PO4 + benzoate were investigated through measuring their open circuit potentials, coupling potentials, potentiodynamic polarisation and galvanic current densities. It was found that these two inhibitor packages effectively inhibited the self-corrosion of GW103 and AZ91D but accelerated the dissolution of the carbon steel and Cu in the EG solution. When the Mg alloys were coupled with the carbon steel or Cu, their galvanic current densities were also inhibited if the Na3PO4 + benzoate inhibitor package was used in the EG solution. It is surprising that the addition of Na3PO4 + SDBS accelerated the galvanic corrosion. Based on the mixed potential theory, it is believed that the variation in E-corr difference between the anode and cathode and the change of their Tafel slopes after inhibitor addition should be responsible for the galvanic corrosion behaviour of these couples. C1 [Huang, D. B.; Hu, J. Y.; Guo, X. P.] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Hubei Key Lab Mat Chem & Serv Failure, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. [Song, G. -L.] GM Global Res & Dev, Chem Sci & Mat Syst Lab, Warren, MI USA. RP Song, GL (reprint author), ORNL Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,POB 2008,MS 6156, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM guangling.song@gmail.com; guoxp@mail.hust.edu.cn RI Song, Guang-Ling/D-9540-2013 OI Song, Guang-Ling/0000-0002-9802-6836 NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 41 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 1478-422X J9 CORROS ENG SCI TECHN JI Corros. Eng. Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 48 IS 2 BP 155 EP 160 DI 10.1179/1743278212Y.0000000051 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 105QB UT WOS:000316085700011 ER PT J AU Mendoza, D Gurney, KR Geethakumar, S Chandrasekaran, V Zhou, YY Razlivanov, I AF Mendoza, Daniel Gurney, Kevin Robert Geethakumar, Sarath Chandrasekaran, Vandhana Zhou, Yuyu Razlivanov, Igor TI Implications of uncertainty on regional CO2 mitigation policies for the U.S. onroad sector based on a high-resolution emissions estimate SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Transportation CO2 emissions; Transportation emissions bias and uncertainty; Transportation sector policy ID INVERSION AB In this study we present onroad fossil fuel CO2 emissions estimated by the Vulcan Project, an effort quantifying fossil fuel CO2 emissions for the U.S. in high spatial and temporal resolution. This high-resolution data, aggregated at the state-level and classified in broad road and vehicle type categories, is compared to a commonly used national-average approach. We find that the use of national averages incurs state-level biases for road groupings that are almost twice as large as for vehicle groupings. The uncertainty for all groups exceeds the bias, and both quantities are positively correlated with total state emissions. States with the largest emissions totals are typically similar to one another in terms of emissions fraction distribution across road and vehicle groups, while smaller-emitting states have a wider range of variation in all groups. Uncertainties in reduction estimates as large as +/-60% corresponding to +/-0.2 MtC are found for a national-average emissions mitigation strategy focused on a 10% emissions reduction from a single vehicle class, such as passenger gas vehicles or heavy diesel trucks. Recommendations are made for reducing CO2 emissions uncertainty by addressing its main drivers: VMT and fuel efficiency uncertainty. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mendoza, Daniel] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gurney, Kevin Robert; Razlivanov, Igor] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Geethakumar, Sarath; Chandrasekaran, Vandhana] Purdue Univ, CERIAS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zhou, Yuyu] Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Mendoza, D (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM daniel.l.mendoza@gmail.com FU NASA [NNX06AB37G]; NSF CAREER [0846358] FX This work was supported by NASA grant NNX06AB37G and NSF CAREER award 0846358. We would like to thank Broc Seib and William Ansley for assistance with information systems and the Rosen Center for Advanced Computing for in-kind support. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD APR PY 2013 VL 55 BP 386 EP 395 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.12.027 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 099FL UT WOS:000315606700035 ER PT J AU Kashiwabara, T Takahashi, Y Marcus, MA Uruga, T Tanida, H Terada, Y Usui, A AF Kashiwabara, Teruhiko Takahashi, Yoshio Marcus, Matthew A. Uruga, Tomoya Tanida, Hajime Terada, Yasuko Usui, Akira TI Tungsten species in natural ferromanganese oxides related to its different behavior from molybdenum in oxic ocean SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID EDGE STRUCTURE XANES; MO ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; POLYNUCLEAR MOLYBDENUM; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; OXIDATION-STATES; MANGANESE OXIDES; SEA-WATER; ADSORPTION; SPECIATION; IRON AB The tungsten (W) species in marine ferromanganese oxides were investigated by wavelength dispersive XAFS method. We found that the W species are in distorted O-h symmetry in natural ferromanganese oxides. The host phase of W is suggested to be Mn oxides by mu-XRF mapping. We also found that the W species forms inner-sphere complexes in hexavalent state and distorted O-h symmetry on synthetic ferrihydrite, goethite, hematite, and delta-MnO2. The molecular-scale information of W indicates that the negatively-charged WO42- ion mainly adsorbs on the negatively-charged Mn oxides phase in natural ferromanganese oxides due to the strong chemical interaction. In addition, preferential adsorption of lighter W isotopes is expected based on the molecular symmetry of the adsorbed species, implying the potential significance of the W isotope systems similar to Mo. Adsorption experiments of W on synthetic ferrihydrite and delta-MnO2 were also conducted. At higher equilibrium concentration, W exhibits behaviors similar to Mo on delta-MnO2 due to their formations of inner-sphere complexes. On the other hand, W shows a much larger adsorption on ferrihydrite than Mo. This is due to the formation of the inner- and outer-sphere complexes for W and Mo on ferrihydrite, respectively. Considering the lower equilibrium concentration such as in oxic seawater, however, the enrichment of W into natural ferromanganese oxides larger than Mo may be controlled by the different stabilities of their inner-sphere complexes on the Mn oxides. These two factors, (i) the stability of inner-sphere complexes on the Mn oxides and (ii) the mode of attachment on ferrihydrite (inner- or outer-sphere complex), are the causes of the different behaviors of W and Mo on the surface of the Fe/Mn (oxyhydr) oxides. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kashiwabara, Teruhiko] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol JAMSTEC, Inst Res Earth Evolut IFREE, SRRP, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. [Kashiwabara, Teruhiko; Takahashi, Yoshio] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Planetary Syst Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Marcus, Matthew A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Uruga, Tomoya; Tanida, Hajime; Terada, Yasuko] Japan Synchrotron Radiat Res Inst JASRI, SPring 8, Sayo, Hyogo 6795198, Japan. [Usui, Akira] Kochi Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Nat Environm Sci, Kochi 7808520, Japan. RP Kashiwabara, T (reprint author), Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol JAMSTEC, 2-15 Natsushimacho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. EM teruhiko-kashiwa@jamstec.go.jp RI Takahashi, Yoshio/F-6733-2011 FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI) [23840058]; Japan Science society; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy [DE-AC01-05CH11231] FX We thank H. Ishisako, Y. Yokoyama and S. Kikuchi (Hiroshima University) for their contributions to this paper. This study was supported by grants-in-aid for scientific research on Innovative Areas including Trans-crustal Advection and In situ reaction of Global sub-seafloor Aquifer (TAIGA) project from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT), and Research Activity Start-up from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number: 23840058), and the Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant from The Japan Science society. This work was conducted with approvals from JASRI (Proposal Nos. 2009B1720, 2010A1612, 2011B1279, 2011B1400, and 2012A1767) and KEK (Proposal Nos. 2008G691, 2009G585, and 2011G635). The operations of the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory are supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC01-05CH11231. NR 76 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 71 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 106 BP 364 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2012.12.026 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 100PP UT WOS:000315713500023 ER PT J AU Kanematsu, M Young, TM Fukushi, K Green, PG Darby, JL AF Kanematsu, Masakazu Young, Thomas M. Fukushi, Keisuke Green, Peter G. Darby, Jeannie L. TI Arsenic(III, V) adsorption on a goethite-based adsorbent in the presence of major co-existing ions: Modeling competitive adsorption consistent with spectroscopic and molecular evidence SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID FERRIHYDRITE-WATER INTERFACE; INNER-SPHERE COMPLEXES; HYDROUS FERRIC-OXIDE; SURFACE COMPLEXATION; PHOSPHATE ADSORPTION; CARBONATE ADSORPTION; ARSENATE ADSORPTION; CHARGE-DISTRIBUTION; ATR-FTIR; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION AB Adsorption of the two oxyanions, arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)), on a common goethite-based granular porous adsorbent is studied in the presence of major co-existing ions in groundwater (i.e., phosphate, silicic acid, sulfate, carbonate, magnesium, and calcium) and predicted using the extended triple layer model (ETLM), a dipole modified single-site triple layer surface complexation model consistent with spectroscopic and molecular evidence. Surface species of all ions were selected according to the previous ETLM studies and published experimental spectroscopic/theoretical molecular information. The adsorption equilibrium constants for all ions were determined using adsorption data obtained in single-solute systems. The adsorption equilibrium constants referenced to the site-occupancy standard state (indicated by K-theta) were compared with those for goethite in the literature if available. The values of these constants for the goethite-based adsorbent are found to be close to the values for goethite previously studied. These "constrained" adsorption equilibrium constants determined in single-solute systems were used in the ETLM to predict the competitive interactions of As(III, V) with the co-existing ions in binary-solute systems. The ETLM is capable of predicting As(III, V) adsorption in the presence of oxyanions (phosphate, silicic acid, sulfate, and carbonate). This study presents the first successful and systematic prediction of the competitive interactions of As(III, V) with these oxyanions using the ETLM. The ETLM prediction of surface (and aqueous) speciation also provides insights into the distinct adsorption behavior of As(III, V) in the presence of the oxyanions. Magnesium and calcium significantly enhanced As(V) adsorption at higher pH values, while they had little effect on As(III) adsorption. The enhanced adsorption of As(V), however, could not be predicted by the ETLM using the surface species proposed in previous ETLM studies. Further studies are necessary to identify ternary complexes, especially at high pH. Adsorption isotherms of As(V), a dominant form of arsenic in adsorptive water treatment systems, in the presence of the co-existing ions under relevant conditions of water treatment systems are also obtained and predicted by the ETLM to study and compare the effect of the coexisting ions on As(V) removal. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kanematsu, Masakazu; Young, Thomas M.; Green, Peter G.; Darby, Jeannie L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Fukushi, Keisuke] Kanazawa Univ, Inst Nat & Environm Technol, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan. RP Kanematsu, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mkanematsu@lbl.gov RI Kanematsu, Masakazu/D-5214-2009; Fukushi, Keisuke/C-4827-2015; Young, Thomas/A-4786-2008 OI Young, Thomas/0000-0001-7217-4753 FU California Department of Public Health Safe Drinking Water Revolving Fund [06-55254] FX This research was supported under Contract #06-55254 from the California Department of Public Health Safe Drinking Water Revolving Fund. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the organizations above. We greatly appreciate the constructive comments on this manuscript from three anonymous reviewers and associate editor Owen W. Duckworth. NR 107 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 6 U2 192 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 106 BP 404 EP 428 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2012.09.055 PG 25 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 100PP UT WOS:000315713500026 ER PT J AU Veluri, VR Justus, AL AF Veluri, Venkateswara Rao Justus, Alan L. TI RISK-BASED CONTAINMENT AND AIR MONITORING CRITERIA FOR WORK WITH DISPERSIBLE RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE analysis, risk; de minimis regulations; occupational safety; ventilation AB This paper presents readily understood, technically defensible, risk-based containment and air monitoring criteria, which are developed from fundamental physical principles. The key for the development of each criterion was the use of a calculational de minimis level, in this case chosen to be 100 mrem (or 40 DAC-h). Examples are provided that demonstrate the effective use of each criterion. Comparison to other often used criteria is provided. Health Phys. 104(4):419-427;2013 C1 [Veluri, Venkateswara Rao] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Justus, Alan L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Justus, AL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM ajustus@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy at Argonne National Laboratory [W-31-109-Eng-38]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of Energy FX The U.S. Department of Energy supported the development of this work at Argonne National Laboratory under Contract W-31-109-Eng-38. The work was initiated at the request of McLouis J. Robinet during his tenure as the ANL Health Physics section head. This paper has been authored by an employee of Los Alamos National Security, LLC, operator of the Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting this work for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce this work, or allow others to do so for United States Government purposes. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 104 IS 4 BP 419 EP 427 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e318282de97 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 099DW UT WOS:000315601100009 PM 23439146 ER PT J AU Morari, A Boneti, C Cazorla, FJ Gioiosa, R Cher, CY Buyuktosunoglu, A Bose, P Valero, M AF Morari, Alessandro Boneti, Carlos Cazorla, Francisco J. Gioiosa, Roberto Cher, Chen-Yong Buyuktosunoglu, Alper Bose, Pradip Valero, Mateo TI SMT Malleability in IBM POWER5 and POWER6 Processors SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS LA English DT Article DE Malleability; simultaneous multithreading; hardware-thread priorities; IBM POWER5; IBM POWER6 ID PERFORMANCE; MICROARCHITECTURE; CHIP; QOS AB While several hardware mechanisms have been proposed to control the interaction between hardware threads in an SMT processor, few have addressed the issue of software-controllable SMT performance. The IBM POWER5 and POWER6 are the first high-performance processors implementing a software-controllable hardware-thread prioritization mechanism that controls the rate at which each hardware-thread decodes instructions. This paper shows the potential of this basic mechanism to improve several target metrics for various applications on POWER5 and POWER6 processors. Our results show that although the software interface is exactly the same, the software-controlled priority mechanism has a different effect on POWER5 and POWER6. For instance, hardware threads in POWER6 are less sensitive to priorities than in POWER5 due to the in order design. We study the SMT thread malleability to enable user-level optimizations that leverage software-controlled thread priorities. We also show how to achieve various system objectives such as parallel application load balancing, in order to reduce execution time. Finally, we characterize user-level transparent execution on POWER5 and POWER6, and identify the workload mix that best benefits from it. C1 [Morari, Alessandro] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Boneti, Carlos] Schlumberger Brazil Res & Geoengn Ctr BRGC, Houston, TX 77056 USA. [Cazorla, Francisco J.; Gioiosa, Roberto] Barcelona Supercomp Ctr, Barcelona 08034, Spain. [Cher, Chen-Yong; Buyuktosunoglu, Alper; Bose, Pradip] Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Valero, Mateo] Tech Univ Catalonia, Barcelona 08034, Spain. RP Morari, A (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM alessandro.morari@bsc.es; cboneti@slb.com; francisco.cazorla@bsc.es; roberto.gioiosa@bsc.es; chenyong@us.ibm.com; alperb@us.ibm.com; pbose@us.ibm.com; mateo@ac.upc.es RI Morari, Alessandro/J-8298-2014; Valero, Mateo/L-5709-2014; Cazorla, Francisco/D-7261-2016 OI Valero, Mateo/0000-0003-2917-2482; Cazorla, Francisco/0000-0002-3344-376X FU IBM Research; Ministry of Science and Technology of Spain [TIN-2007-60625, JCI-2008-3688]; HiPEAC Network of Excellence [ICT-217068] FX This work was supported by a collaboration agreement between IBM and BSC with funds from IBM Research and IBM Deep Computing. It was also supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Spain under contract TIN-2007-60625 as well as the HiPEAC Network of Excellence (ICT-217068). Roberto Gioiosa is partially funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Spain under contract JCI-2008-3688. The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0018-9340 EI 1557-9956 J9 IEEE T COMPUT JI IEEE Trans. Comput. PD APR PY 2013 VL 62 IS 4 BP 813 EP 826 DI 10.1109/TC.2012.34 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 103ZU UT WOS:000315959200014 ER PT J AU Carroll, JD Abuzaid, WZ Lambros, J Sehitoglu, H AF Carroll, Jay D. Abuzaid, Wael Z. Lambros, John Sehitoglu, Huseyin TI On the interactions between strain accumulation, microstructure, and fatigue crack behavior SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRACTURE LA English DT Article DE Microstructure; Strain; Digital image correlation; Fatigue crack propagation; Plasticity; Experimental ID X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY; FINITE-ELEMENT; CRYSTAL PLASTICITY; METALLIC MATERIALS; HARDENING MATERIAL; LOCAL DEFORMATION; IMAGE CORRELATION; SLIP PROCESSES; STRESS; GROWTH AB Fatigue crack growth is a complex process that involves interactions between many elements ranging across several length scales. This work provides an in-depth, experimental study of fatigue crack growth and the relationships between four of these elements: strain field, microstructure, crack path, and crack growth rate. Multiple data sets were acquired for fatigue crack growth in a nickel-based superalloy, Hastelloy X. Electron backscatter diffraction was used to acquire microstructural information, scanning electron microscopy was used to identify locations of slip bands and crack path, and optical microscopy was used to measure crack growth rates and to acquire images for multiscale digital image correlation (DIC). Plastic strain accumulation associated with fatigue crack growth was measured at the grain level using DIC. An ex situ technique provided sub-grain level resolution to measure strain variations within individual grains while an in situ technique over the same regions showed the evolution of strain with crack propagation. All of these data sets were spatially aligned to allow direct, full-field comparisons among the variables. This in-depth analysis of fatigue crack behavior elucidates several relationships among the four elements mentioned above. Near the crack tip, lobes of elevated strain propagated with the crack tip plastic zone. Behind the crack tip, in the plastic wake, significant inhomogeneities were observed and related to grain geometry and orientation. Grain structure was shown to affect the crack path and the crack growth rate locally, although the global crack growth rate was relatively constant as predicted by the Paris law for loading with a constant stress intensity factor. Some dependency of crack growth rate on local strain and crack path was also found. The experimental comparisons of grain structure, strain field, and crack growth behavior shown in this work provide insight into the fatigue crack growth process at the sub-grain and multi-grain scale. C1 [Carroll, Jay D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Abuzaid, Wael Z.; Sehitoglu, Huseyin] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Lambros, John] Univ Illinois, Talbot Lab 306, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Carroll, JD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM jcarrol@sandia.gov RI Carroll, Jay/K-2720-2012 OI Carroll, Jay/0000-0002-5818-4709 FU Midwest Structural Sciences Center (MSSC); Air Vehicles Directorate of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-06-2-3620]; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the Midwest Structural Sciences Center (MSSC), which is sponsored by the Air Vehicles Directorate of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory under contract number FA8650-06-2-3620. The guidance and support of Dr. Ravi Chona at the Air Force Research Laboratory is greatly appreciated. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 73 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 72 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-9429 J9 INT J FRACTURE JI Int. J. Fract. PD APR PY 2013 VL 180 IS 2 BP 223 EP 241 DI 10.1007/s10704-013-9813-8 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA 104OH UT WOS:000316003400005 ER PT J AU Pandey, A Tolpygo, VK Hemker, KJ AF Pandey, Amit Tolpygo, Vladimir K. Hemker, Kevin J. TI Thermomechanical Behavior of Developmental Thermal Barrier Coating Bond Coats SO JOM LA English DT Article ID DILATOMETER; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Thermal expansion, microtensile, and stress relaxation experiments have been performed to contrast and compare the thermal and mechanical response of two experimental (L1 and H1) coatings provided by Honeywell Corporation (Morristown, NY). Thermal expansion experiments reveal that both coatings have coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) that vary with temperature and that the CTE mismatch between the coatings and superalloy substrate is significant in the case of L1 as compared to H1. Values of the 0.2% offset yield stress (YS), Young's modulus (E), and hardening exponent (n) are reported. Room-temperature microtensile experiments show higher strain hardening and a very low value of failure strain for L1 as compared to H1. At elevated temperatures, there is a significant decrease in the YS of as-received L1 for (924 MPa at room temperature to 85 MPa at 1000A degrees C) as compared to H1. Finally, a power law creep description for high-temperature stress relaxation is developed and the measured values of the stress exponent (n = 3) and activation energies (Q (creep) = 200-250 kJ/mol) are shown to be consistent with power law creep. C1 [Pandey, Amit; Hemker, Kevin J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Pandey, Amit] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Tolpygo, Vladimir K.] Honeywell Aerosp, Mat & Proc Engn, Phoenix, AZ 85034 USA. RP Pandey, A (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM dramitpandey@gmail.com FU Honeywell Corporation FX The authors are grateful to Honeywell Corporation for providing samples and financial support for this study. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD APR PY 2013 VL 65 IS 4 BP 542 EP 549 DI 10.1007/s11837-013-0551-1 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 105NO UT WOS:000316078500013 ER PT J AU Benmore, CJ Weber, JKR Tailor, AN Cherry, BR Yarger, JL Mou, QS Weber, W Neuefeind, J Byrn, SR AF Benmore, Chris J. Weber, J. K. R. Tailor, Amit N. Cherry, Brian R. Yarger, Jeffery L. Mou, Qiushi Weber, Warner Neuefeind, Joerg Byrn, Stephen R. TI Structural characterization and aging of glassy pharmaceuticals made using acoustic levitation SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE structure; X-ray powder diffractometry; NMR spectroscopy; glass; glass transition; materials science ID CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING DRUG; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SOLID-STATE NMR; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CARBAMAZEPINE; POLYMORPHS; SCATTERING; CRYSTALLIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY; DIHYDRATE AB Here, we report the structural characterization of several amorphous drugs made using the method of quenching molten droplets suspended in an acoustic levitator. 13C NMR, X-ray, and neutron diffraction results are discussed for glassy cinnarizine, carbamazepine, miconazole nitrate, probucol, and clotrimazole. The 13C NMR results did not find any change in chemical bonding induced by the amorphization process. High-energy X-ray diffraction results were used to characterize the ratio of crystalline to amorphous material present in the glasses over a period of 8 months. All the glasses were stable for at least 6months except carbamazepine, which has a strong tendency to crystallize within a few months. Neutron and X-ray pair distribution function analyses were applied to the glassy materials, and the results were compared with their crystalline counterparts. The two diffraction techniques yielded similar results in most cases and identified distinct intramolecular and intermolecular correlations. The intramolecular scattering was calculated based on the crystal structure and fit to the measured X-ray structure factor. The resulting intermolecular pair distribution functions revealed broad-nearest and next-nearest neighbor moleculemolecule correlations. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 102:12901300, 2013 C1 [Benmore, Chris J.; Weber, J. K. R.; Tailor, Amit N.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Benmore, Chris J.; Yarger, Jeffery L.; Mou, Qiushi] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Cherry, Brian R.; Yarger, Jeffery L.; Mou, Qiushi; Weber, Warner] Arizona State Univ, Magnet Resonance Res Ctr, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Cherry, Brian R.; Yarger, Jeffery L.; Weber, Warner] Arizona State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Neuefeind, Joerg] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37922 USA. [Byrn, Stephen R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Ind & Phys Pharm, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Benmore, CJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM benmore@anl.gov RI Neuefeind, Joerg/D-9990-2015; Yarger, Jeff/L-8748-2014; OI Neuefeind, Joerg/0000-0002-0563-1544; Yarger, Jeff/0000-0002-7385-5400; Benmore, Chris/0000-0001-7007-7749 FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy at the Spallation neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle; National Nuclear Security Administration Carnegie/DOE Alliance Center (NNSA CDAC) [DE-FC52-08NA28554]; U.S. National Science Foundation, Chemistry Division (CHE) [CHE-1011937] FX This work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357 and at the Spallation neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle. J.L. Yarger would like to acknowledge support by the National Nuclear Security Administration Carnegie/DOE Alliance Center (NNSA CDAC) grant number DE-FC52-08NA28554 and the U.S. National Science Foundation, Chemistry Division (CHE) under grant CHE-1011937. NR 44 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 60 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI-US JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 102 IS 4 BP 1290 EP 1300 DI 10.1002/jps.23464 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 100SV UT WOS:000315723700013 PM 23381910 ER PT J AU Remo, JL Furnish, MD Lawrence, RJ AF Remo, John L. Furnish, Michael D. Lawrence, R. Jeffery TI Plasma-driven Z-pinch X-ray loading and momentum coupling in meteorite and planetary materials SO JOURNAL OF PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ISENTROPIC COMPRESSION AB X-ray momentum coupling coefficients, CM, were determined by measuring stress waveforms in planetary materials subjected to impulsive radiation loading from the Sandia National Laboratories Z-machine. Velocity interferometry (VISAR) diagnostics provided equation-of-state data. Targets were iron and stone meteorites, magnesium-rich olivine (dunite) solid and powder (similar to 5-300 mu m), and Si, Al, and Fe calibration targets. Samples were similar to 1-mm thick and, except for Si, backed by LiF single-crystal windows. X-ray spectra combined thermal radiation (blackbody 170-237 eV) and line emissions from pinch materials (Cu, Ni, Al, or stainless steel). Target fluences of 0.4-1.7 kJ/cm(2) at intensities of 43-260GW/cm(2) produced plasma pressures of 2.6-12.4 GPa. The short (similar to 5 ns) drive pulses gave rise to attenuating stress waves in the samples. The attenuating wave impulse is constant, allowing accurate C-M measurements from rear-surface motion. C-M was 1.9 - 3.1 x 10(-5) s/m for stony meteorites, 2.7 and 0.5x10(-5) s/m for solid and powdered dunite, 0.8 - 1.4 x 10(-5) s/m for iron meteorites, and 0.3, 1.8, and 2.7 x 10(-5) s/m respectively for Si, Fe, and Al calibration targets. Results are consistent with geometric scaling from recent laser hohlraum measurements. CTH hydrocode modeling of X-ray coupling to porous silica corroborated experimental measurements and supported extrapolations to other materials. CTH-modeled C-M for porous materials was low and consistent with experimental results. Analytic modeling (BBAY) of X-ray radiation-induced momentum coupling to selected materials was also performed, often producing higher C-M values than experimental results. Reasons for the higher values include neglect of solid ejecta mechanisms, turbulent mixing of heterogeneous phases, variances in heats of melt/vaporization, sample inhomogeneities, wave interactions at the sample/window boundary, and finite sample/window sizes. The measurements validate application of CM to (inhomogeneous) planetary materials from high-intensity soft X-ray radiation. C1 [Remo, John L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Remo, John L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Remo, John L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Furnish, Michael D.; Lawrence, R. Jeffery] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Remo, JL (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mdfurni@sandia.gov FU National Nuclear Security Administration under the Stewardship Science Academic Affairs Program through Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG52-66NA26215, FG52-09NA29549]; National Nuclear Security Administration under the High Energy Density Laboratory Plasmas program through DOE [FG52-09NA29457]; Harvard University; Lockheed Martin Corp., for the US DOE's NNSA [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We thank R. G. Adams for his assistance in carrying out the dunite shot, and J. L. Porter for his hospitality at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). C. Coverdale and B. Jones welcomed these measurements as ride-along shots with their experiments on the Z-facility. We thank M. I. Petaev for providing chemical abundances of the meteorite targets. JLR was supported by the National Nuclear Security Administration under the Stewardship Science Academic Affairs Program through Department of Energy (DOE) grants Nos. DE-FG52-66NA26215, FG52-09NA29549, and under the High Energy Density Laboratory Plasmas program through DOE grant No. FG52-09NA29457 with Harvard University. This research is solely the authors' views and may not represent views of the DOE, Harvard University, or SNL. SNL is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corp., for the US DOE's NNSA under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-3778 J9 J PLASMA PHYS JI J. Plasma Phys. PD APR PY 2013 VL 79 BP 121 EP 141 DI 10.1017/S0022377812000712 PN 2 PG 21 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 105LT UT WOS:000316072400002 ER PT J AU Ahn, H Lee, Y Lee, H Kim, Y Ryu, DY Lee, B AF Ahn, Hyungju Lee, Yonghoon Lee, Hoyeon Kim, Yoonkeun Ryu, Du Yeol Lee, Byeongdu TI Substrate Interaction Effects on Order to Disorder Transition Behavior in Block Copolymer Films SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE block copolymers; interfaces; interaction parameter; phase behavior; phase transition; SAXS; thin films ID PS-B-PMMA; CONTROLLED INTERFACIAL INTERACTIONS; SURFACE-INDUCED ORIENTATION; SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; DIBLOCK COPOLYMER; THIN-FILMS; MICRODOMAIN ORIENTATION; MICROPHASE SEPARATION; MELT; POLYMERS AB We present an overview of the recent progress on the phase transition in the block copolymer (BCP) films in terms of the interfacial interactions effects of the substrates and the chi (Flory-Huggins segmental interaction parameter) effects between the two blocks. For the BCP films thinner than a critical thickness (L-c) above which the transition is independent of film thickness, the order-to-disorder transition (ODT) increased or decreased with decreasing film thickness depending on the interfacial interaction types. The rapid and slow changes in the ODT were attributed to the relative magnitude of enthalpic contribution to chi between two blocks. Interestingly, a periodic amplification in the block composition for the BCP films suppressed the compositional fluctuation in the film geometry, resulting in the ODT shifts from the bulk ODTs above L-c. This effect of the BCP films was more illustrated by the ODT shift effects depending on the strength of the preferential interactions on the substrates. (C) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013, 51, 567-573 C1 [Ahn, Hyungju; Lee, Yonghoon; Lee, Hoyeon; Kim, Yoonkeun; Ryu, Du Yeol] Yonsei Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Lee, Byeongdu] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Ryu, DY (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Seoul 120749, South Korea. EM dyryu@yonsei.ac.kr RI Ryu, Du Yeol/G-8278-2012; OI Lee, Byeongdu/0000-0003-2514-8805 FU Nuclear R&D, Converging Research Center [2010K001430]; APCPI ERC program [R11-2007-050-00000]; Ministry of Education, Science & Technology (MEST), Korea FX This work was supported by the Nuclear R&D, Converging Research Center (2010K001430), and APCPI ERC program (R11-2007-050-00000), which are funded by the Ministry of Education, Science & Technology (MEST), Korea. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 51 IS 7 BP 567 EP 573 DI 10.1002/polb.23266 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 102QW UT WOS:000315860100011 ER PT J AU Mahadevapuram, N Strzalka, J Stein, GE AF Mahadevapuram, Nikhila Strzalka, Joseph Stein, Gila E. TI Grazing-Incidence Transmission Small Angle X-Ray Scattering from Thin Films of Block Copolymers SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE block copolymers; directed self-assembly; grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering; lithography; SAXS; self-assembly; thin films ID CONTROLLED INTERFACIAL INTERACTIONS; ORDER-DISORDER TRANSITION; SINGLE-LAYER FILMS; DIBLOCK COPOLYMER; MICRODOMAIN ORIENTATION; ORIENTED STRUCTURES; SURFACE; LITHOGRAPHY; TEMPERATURE; BRUSHES AB Thin films of lamellar and cylindrical block copolymers are popular systems for low-cost nanolithography. To be useful as nanoscale templates, the lamellae or cylinders must be oriented perpendicular to the substrate. Domain orientations are usually characterized by microscopy measurements of the film surface, but these techniques cannot detect tilted, bent, or tortuous domains in the film interior. We report a simple method to quantify out-of-plane disorder in thin films of block copolymers based on a variant of grazing-incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GI-SAXS). A typical GI-SAXS experiment illuminates the center of a substrate-supported film at a grazing angle of incidence (near the film/substrate critical angle), and the strong reflected signal is interpreted with the distorted-wave Born approximation. In a new approach, the beam footprint is moved to the far edge of the sample, allowing the acquisition of a transmission pattern. The grazing-incidence transmission data are interpreted with the simple Born approximation, and out-of-plane defects are quantified through analysis of crystal truncation rods and partial Debye-Scherrer rings. Significantly, this study demonstrates that grazing-incidence transmission small angle Xray scattering can detect and quantify the buried defect structure in thin films of block copolymers. (C) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013, 51, 602-610 C1 [Mahadevapuram, Nikhila; Stein, Gila E.] Univ Houston, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Strzalka, Joseph] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Stein, GE (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM gestein@uh.edu RI Stein, Gila/P-1927-2016 OI Stein, Gila/0000-0002-3973-4496 FU Norman Hackerman Advanced Research Program [003652-0017-2011]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX N.M. and G. E. S. acknowledge financial support by the Norman Hackerman Advanced Research Program under Grant No. 003652-0017-2011. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors thank Ben Ocko for sharing an advance copy of his manuscript. NR 66 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 73 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 51 IS 7 BP 602 EP 610 DI 10.1002/polb.23261 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 102QW UT WOS:000315860100014 ER PT J AU Sims, AC Tilton, SC Menachery, VD Gralinski, LE Schafer, A Matzke, MM Webb-Robertson, BJM Chang, J Luna, ML Long, CE Shukla, AK Bankhead, AR Burkett, SE Zornetzer, G Tseng, CTK Metz, TO Pickles, R McWeeney, S Smith, RD Katze, MG Waters, KM Baric, RS AF Sims, Amy C. Tilton, Susan C. Menachery, Vineet D. Gralinski, Lisa E. Schaefer, Alexandra Matzke, Melissa M. Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M. Chang, Jean Luna, Maria L. Long, Casey E. Shukla, Anil K. Bankhead, Armand R., III Burkett, Susan E. Zornetzer, Gregory Tseng, Chien-Te Kent Metz, Thomas O. Pickles, Raymond McWeeney, Shannon Smith, Richard D. Katze, Michael G. Waters, Katrina M. Baric, Ralph S. TI Release of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Nuclear Import Block Enhances Host Transcription in Human Lung Cells SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-D-RECEPTOR; PANCREATIC-ISLET PROTEOME; CHINESE HORSESHOE BATS; SARS-CORONAVIRUS; LOCALIZATION SIGNAL; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; KNOCKOUT MICE; OMICS DATA AB The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus accessory protein ORF6 antagonizes interferon signaling by blocking karyopherin-mediated nuclear import processes. Viral nuclear import antagonists, expressed by several highly pathogenic RNA viruses, likely mediate pleiotropic effects on host gene expression, presumably interfering with transcription factors, cytokines, hormones, and/or signaling cascades that occur in response to infection. By bioinformatic and systems biology approaches, we evaluated the impact of nuclear import antagonism on host expression networks by using human lung epithelial cells infected with either wild-type virus or a mutant that does not express ORF6 protein. Microarray analysis revealed significant changes in differential gene expression, with approximately twice as many upregulated genes in the mutant virus samples by 48 h postinfection, despite identical viral titers. Our data demonstrated that ORF6 protein expression attenuates the activity of numerous karyopherin-dependent host transcription factors (VDR, CREB1, SMAD4, p53, EpasI, and Oct3/4) that are critical for establishing antiviral responses and regulating key host responses during virus infection. Results were confirmed by proteomic and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay analyses and in parallel microarray studies using infected primary human airway epithelial cell cultures. The data strongly support the hypothesis that viral antagonists of nuclear import actively manipulate host responses in specific hierarchical patterns, contributing to the viral pathogenic potential in vivo. Importantly, these studies and modeling approaches not only provide templates for evaluating virus antagonism of nuclear import processes but also can reveal candidate cellular genes and pathways that may significantly influence disease outcomes following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in vivo. C1 [Sims, Amy C.; Menachery, Vineet D.; Gralinski, Lisa E.; Schaefer, Alexandra; Long, Casey E.; Baric, Ralph S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Pickles, Raymond; Baric, Ralph S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Burkett, Susan E.; Pickles, Raymond] Univ N Carolina, Cyst Fibrosis Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Tilton, Susan C.; Matzke, Melissa M.; Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M.; Luna, Maria L.; Shukla, Anil K.; Metz, Thomas O.; Smith, Richard D.; Waters, Katrina M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Chang, Jean; Zornetzer, Gregory; Katze, Michael G.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bankhead, Armand R., III; McWeeney, Shannon] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR USA. [Tseng, Chien-Te Kent] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Katze, Michael G.] Univ Washington, Washington Natl Primate Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Sims, AC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM sims0018@ad.unc.edu RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Metz, Tom/0000-0001-6049-3968 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200800060C]; Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); DOE [DE-AC05-76RLO1830] FX This project has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under contract HHSN272200800060C. A portion of the research was performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the DOE under contract DE-AC05-76RLO1830. NR 90 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 87 IS 7 BP 3885 EP 3902 DI 10.1128/JVI.02520-12 PG 18 WC Virology SC Virology GA 103ZC UT WOS:000315957100025 PM 23365422 ER PT J AU Zhang, JS Lipton, HL Perelson, AS Dahari, H AF Zhang, Jingshan Lipton, Howard L. Perelson, Alan S. Dahari, Harel TI Modeling the Acute and Chronic Phases of Theiler Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus Infection SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HEPATITIS-B-VIRUS; SUSCEPTIBLE SJL/J MICE; DYNAMICS IN-VIVO; DEMYELINATING DISEASE; PERSISTENT INFECTION; VIRAL DYNAMICS; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; HIV-1 INFECTION; DA STRAIN AB Theiler murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection of a mouse's central nervous system is biphasic: first the virus infects motor neurons (acute phase), and this is followed by a chronic phase in which the virus infects glial cells (primarily microglia and macrophages [M-phi]) of the spinal cord white matter, leading to inflammation and demyelination. As such, TMEV-induced demyelinating disease in mice provides a highly relevant experimental animal model for multiple sclerosis. Mathematical models have proven valuable in understanding the in vivo dynamics of persistent virus infections, such as HIV-1, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus infections. However, viral dynamic modeling has not been used for understanding TMEV infection. We constructed the first mathematical model of TMEV-host kinetics during acute and early chronic infections in mice and fit measured viral kinetic data with the model. The data fitting allowed us to estimate several unknown parameters, including the following: the rate of infection of neurons, 0.5 x 10(-8) to 5.6 x 10(-8) day(-1); the percent reduction of the infection rate due to the presence of virus-specific antibodies, which reaches 98.5 to 99.9% after day 15 postinfection (p.i.); the half-life of infected neurons, 0.1 to 1.2 days; and a cytokine-enhanced macrophage source rate of 25 to 350 M-phi/day into the spinal cord starting at 10.9 to 12.9 days p.i. The model presented here is a first step toward building a comprehensive model for TMEV-induced demyelinating disease. Moreover, the model can serve as an important tool in understanding TMEV infectious mechanisms and may prove useful in evaluating antivirals and/or therapeutic modalities to prevent or inhibit demyelination. C1 [Zhang, Jingshan; Perelson, Alan S.; Dahari, Harel] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Lipton, Howard L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Dahari, Harel] Univ Illinois, Dept Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Dahari, Harel] Loyola Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Maywood, IL USA. RP Dahari, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM daharih@lanl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; NIH [R56/R01-AI078881, P20-GM103452, AI028433, NS065945, OD011095]; NSF [PHY11-25915] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy and was supported by NIH grants R56/R01-AI078881, P20-GM103452, AI028433, NS065945, and OD011095, as well as NSF grant PHY11-25915. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 87 IS 7 BP 4052 EP 4059 DI 10.1128/JVI.03395-12 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 103ZC UT WOS:000315957100039 PM 23365440 ER PT J AU Singhal, A Deymier-Black, AC Almer, JD Dunand, DC AF Singhal, Anjali Deymier-Black, Alix C. Almer, Jonathan D. Dunand, David C. TI Effect of stress and temperature on the micromechanics of creep in highly irradiated bone and dentin SO MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Bone; Dentin; Creep; Irradiation; Synchrotron X-ray diffraction; Temperature ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ORGANIC-MINERAL INTERFACE; CORTICAL BONE; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; BOVINE DENTIN; HUMAN-ENAMEL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BIOLOGICAL-MATERIALS; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; FRACTURE PROPERTIES AB Synchrotron X-ray diffraction is used to study in situ the evolution of phase strains during compressive creep deformation in bovine bone and dentin for a range of compressive stresses and irradiation rates, at ambient and body temperatures. In all cases, compressive strains in the collagen phase increase with increasing creep time (and concomitant irradiation), reflecting macroscopic deformation of the sample. By contrast, compressive elastic strains in the hydroxyapatite (HAP) phase, created upon initial application of compressive load on the sample, decrease with increasing time (and irradiation) for all conditions; this load shedding behavior is consistent with damage at the HAP-collagen interface due to the high irradiation doses (from similar to 100 to similar to 9,000 kGy). Both the HAP and fibril strain rates increase with applied compressive stress, temperature and irradiation rate, which is indicative of greater collagen molecular sliding at the HAP-collagen interface and greater intermolecular sliding (i.e., plastic deformation) within the collagen network. The temperature sensitivity confirms that testing at body temperature, rather than ambient temperature, is necessary to assess the in vivo behavior of bone and teeth. The characteristic pattern of HAP strain evolution with time differs quantitatively between bone and dentin, and may reflect their different structural organization. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Singhal, Anjali; Deymier-Black, Alix C.; Dunand, David C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Almer, Jonathan D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Singhal, A (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM anjalisinghal2007@u.northwestern.edu; alixdeymier2010@u.northwestern.edu; almer@aps.anl.gov; dunand@northwestern.edu RI Dunand, David/B-7515-2009; OI Dunand, David/0000-0001-5476-7379 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship from the Department of Defense; National Science Foundation FX The authors thank Prof. L Catherine Brinson (NU), Dr. S.R Stock (NU), Mr. Fang Yuan (NU) and Dr. Dean R. Haeffner (APS) for numerous useful discussions throughout this work. They also acknowledge Dr. Yu-chen Karen Chen-Wiegart (NU) and Mr. Fang Yuan (NU) for their help with the experiments at the APS. This research was performed at station 1-ID of XOR-APS. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Partial funding was provided to A.C.D.B. by a National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship from the Department of Defense and by a Graduate Fellowship from the National Science Foundation. NR 75 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-4931 J9 MAT SCI ENG C-MATER JI Mater. Sci. Eng. C-Mater. Biol. Appl. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 33 IS 3 BP 1467 EP 1475 DI 10.1016/j.msec.2012.12.069 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Materials Science GA 101CA UT WOS:000315751600062 PM 23827597 ER PT J AU Chen, KT Renaut, J Sergeant, K Wei, H Arora, R AF Chen, Keting Renaut, Jenny Sergeant, Kjell Wei, Hui Arora, Rajeev TI Proteomic changes associated with freeze-thaw injury and post-thaw recovery in onion (Allium cepa L.) scales SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Review DE 14-3-3; annexin; antioxidant; cell-wall remodelling; dehydrin; heat shock protein; ion homeostasis; proteostasis ID HYDROPEROXIDE GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; MEMBRANE H+-ATPASE; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; CELL-WALL; COLD-ACCLIMATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; ABSCISIC-ACID; BULB CELLS; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM AB The ability of plants to recover from freeze-thaw injury is a critical component of freeze-thaw stress tolerance. To investigate the molecular basis of freeze-thaw recovery, here we compared the proteomes of onion scales from unfrozen control (UFC), freeze-thaw injured (INJ), and post-thaw recovered (REC) treatments. Injury-related proteins (IRPs) and recovery-related proteins (RRPs) were differentiated according to their accumulation patterns. Many IRPs decreased right after thaw without any significant re-accumulation during post-thaw recovery, while others were exclusively induced in INJ tissues. Most IRPs are antioxidants, stress proteins, molecular chaperones, those induced by physical injury or proteins involved in energy metabolism. Taken together, these observations suggest that while freeze-thaw compromises the constitutive stress protection and energy supply in onion scales, it might also recruit first-responders' (IRPs that were induced) to mitigate such injury. RRPs, on the other hand, are involved in the injury-repair program during post-thaw environment conducive for recovery. Some RRPs were restored in REC tissues after their first reduction right after thaw, while others exhibit higher abundance than their constitutive' levels. RRPs might facilitate new cellular homeostasis, potentially by re-establishing ion homeostasis and proteostasis, cell-wall remodelling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, defence against possible post-thaw infection, and regulating the energy budget to sustain these processes. C1 [Chen, Keting; Arora, Rajeev] Iowa State Univ, Dept Hort, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Renaut, Jenny; Sergeant, Kjell] Ctr Rech Publ Gabriel Lippmann, Dept Environm & Agrobiotechnol, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg. [Wei, Hui] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Arora, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Hort, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM rarora@iastate.edu RI renaut, jenny/K-3216-2012; Sergeant, Kjell/M-9789-2015 OI renaut, jenny/0000-0002-0450-3866; Sergeant, Kjell/0000-0003-2071-3510 FU Hatch Act [3601]; State of Iowa funds FX This journal paper of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, Project No. 3601, was supported by Hatch Act and State of Iowa funds. We thank the Department of Horticulture at Iowa State University for their financial assistance to support this work. NR 115 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD APR PY 2013 VL 36 IS 4 BP 892 EP 905 DI 10.1111/pce.12027 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 102CG UT WOS:000315820400014 PM 23078084 ER PT J AU Hamada, MS Lohr, SL Hamada, CA Burr, T AF Hamada, M. S. Lohr, S. L. Hamada, C. A. Burr, T. TI Estimating a Proportion from Repeated Sampling of a Growing Population SO QUALITY ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE bias; Horvitz-Thompson estimator; Sen-Yates-Grundy variance estimator; unequal probability sampling AB We consider estimating the proportion of a growing population having a specified manufacturing anomaly from data obtained by repeatedly sampling the population as it grows. The observed proportion, though easily calculated, is biased. The Horvitz-Thompson (HT) estimator, commonly used in survey sampling, accounts for the unequal probabilities with which units are selected in this sampling design to produce an unbiased estimator of the population proportion having the anomaly. We derive the form of the HT estimator and an unbiased estimator of its variance that can be used to assess the uncertainty of an HT estimate. We consider an illustrative example to show the benefit using survey sampling theory and present how simulation might be used to estimate the inclusion probabilities. C1 [Hamada, M. S.; Burr, T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87845 USA. [Lohr, S. L.] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Hamada, C. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Energy & Infrastruct Anal Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87845 USA. RP Hamada, MS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87845 USA. EM hamada@lanl.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0898-2112 J9 QUAL ENG JI Qual. Eng. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 25 IS 2 BP 108 EP 117 DI 10.1080/08982112.2012.751607 PG 10 WC Engineering, Industrial; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 100GN UT WOS:000315685700003 ER PT J AU Benafan, O Noebe, RD Padula, SA Gaydosh, DJ Lerch, BA Garg, A Bigelow, GS An, K Vaidyanathan, R AF Benafan, O. Noebe, R. D. Padula, S. A., II Gaydosh, D. J. Lerch, B. A. Garg, A. Bigelow, G. S. An, K. Vaidyanathan, R. TI Temperature-dependent behavior of a polycrystalline NiTi shape memory alloy around the transformation regime SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Shape memory alloys; NiTi; Martensite reorientation; Dynamic modulus; Neutron diffraction ID MODULI AB The mechanical and microstructural behavior of a polycrystalline Ni49.9Ti50.1 (at.%) shape memory alloy was investigated as a function of temperature around the transformation regime. The bulk macroscopic responses, measured using ex situ tensile deformation and impulse excitation tests, were compared to the microstructural evolution captured using in situ neutron diffraction. The onset stress for inelastic deformation and dynamic Young's modulus were found to decrease with temperature in the martensite regime followed by an increase starting near the austenite start temperature, attributed to the reverse transformation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Benafan, O.; Noebe, R. D.; Padula, S. A., II; Gaydosh, D. J.; Lerch, B. A.; Garg, A.; Bigelow, G. S.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Struct & Mat Div, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Gaydosh, D. J.] Ohio Aerosp Inst, Cleveland, OH 44142 USA. [Garg, A.] Univ Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [An, K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Vaidyanathan, R.] Univ Cent Florida, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Benafan, O (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Struct & Mat Div, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM othmane.benafan@nasa.gov RI An, Ke/G-5226-2011 OI An, Ke/0000-0002-6093-429X FU NASA Fundamental Aeronautics Program, Aeronautical Sciences and Fixed Wing Projects; Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy [DE-AC05- 00OR22725] FX Funding from the NASA Fundamental Aeronautics Program, Aeronautical Sciences and Fixed Wing Projects is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank D.E. Nicholson and H.D. Skorpenske for technical support and helpful discussions. This work has benefited from the use of the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is funded by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05- 00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 11 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 31 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 68 IS 8 BP 571 EP 574 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.11.042 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 105CB UT WOS:000316042100007 ER PT J AU Donohue, S Forristal, D Donohue, LA AF Donohue, Shane Forristal, Dermot Donohue, Louise A. TI Detection of soil compaction using seismic surface waves SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Soil compaction; Seismic; Surface waves; Geophysics; Cone penetrometer; Bulk density ID INVERSION; VELOCITY AB Seismic geophysical methods have rarely been used in precision agriculture, predominantly due to the perception that they are slow and results require a complex evaluation. This paper explores the possibility of using a recently developed surface wave seismic geophysical approach, the multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method, for assessment of agricultural compaction. This approach has the advantage of being non-intrusive, rapid and is able to produce 2D ground models with a relatively high density of spatial sampling points. The method, which was tested on a research site in Oakpark, Ireland, detected a significant difference in shear wave velocity between a heavily compacted headland and an uncompacted location. The results from this approach compared favourably with those obtained from measurements of bulk density and penetrometer resistance and demonstrate that the MASW approach can distinguish between the extreme states of heavily compacted and uncompacted soil. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Donohue, Shane] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Planning Architecture & Civil Engn, Belfast BT9 5AG, Antrim, North Ireland. [Forristal, Dermot] TEAGASC, Crops Res Ctr, Oakpark, Ireland. [Donohue, Louise A.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Nat Sci, Dublin, Ireland. RP Donohue, S (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Planning Architecture & Civil Engn, David Keir Bldg, Belfast BT9 5AG, Antrim, North Ireland. EM s.donohue@qub.ac.uk FU Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) STRIVE programme FX The first author was funded by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) STRIVE programme throughout this work. The authors would like to thank APEX Geoservices for their considerable assistance and advice. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Romaric Limacher and Nishma Agarwal for their assistance. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 128 BP 54 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.still.2012.11.001 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 098HB UT WOS:000315538600007 ER PT J AU Clarke, AJ Imhoff, SD Cooley, JC Patterson, BM Lee, WK Fezzaa, K Deriy, A Tucker, TJ Katz, MR Gibbs, PJ Clarke, KD Field, RD Thoma, DJ Teter, DF AF Clarke, A. J. Imhoff, S. D. Cooley, J. C. Patterson, B. M. Lee, W. -K. Fezzaa, K. Deriy, A. Tucker, T. J. Katz, M. R. Gibbs, P. J. Clarke, K. D. Field, R. D. Thoma, D. J. Teter, D. F. TI X-ray imaging of Al-7 at.% Cu during melting and solidification SO EMERGING MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE alloys; characterization; imaging; metals; material characterization; material processing; material science; processing AB In situ characterization techniques are now affording direct interrogation of opaque materials during synthesis and processing. In this work, synchrotron X-ray radiography and tomography were performed at Argonne National Laboratory's Advanced Photon Source to monitor metallic alloys during melting and solidification. X-ray radiographs of microstructure evolution in Al-7 at.% Cu during continuous heating and cooling were obtained; the influence of cooling rate on microstructure evolution was also explored. X-ray tomography results of solidification progression in the mushy zone are also presented. These results demonstrate that synchrotron X-ray radiography and tomography can nondestructively and sequentially reveal metallic alloy melting and solidification over the micron length scale in 2D and 3D. In situ characterization will permit advances in solidification theory and allow for the development of predictive solidification and microstructure evolution models. Feedback from real-time imaging will ultimately enable in-process parameter adjustments to control microstructure evolution. C1 [Clarke, A. J.; Imhoff, S. D.; Cooley, J. C.; Patterson, B. M.; Tucker, T. J.; Katz, M. R.; Gibbs, P. J.; Clarke, K. D.; Field, R. D.; Thoma, D. J.; Teter, D. F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Lee, W. -K.; Deriy, A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Imaging Grp, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Clarke, AJ (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. EM aclarke@lanl.gov RI Clarke, Kester/R-9976-2016; OI Patterson, Brian/0000-0001-9244-7376 FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DEAC52-06NA25396]; US Department of Energy (DOE); US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX T. V. Beard, R. W. Hudson, B. S. Folks and T. Wheeler (LANL) are gratefully acknowledged for machining support. Prof. M. E. Glicksman is also gratefully acknowledged for pioneering the use of in situ characterization toward the development, testing and advancement of solidification theory throughout his extensive career. Support was provided by Laboratory Directed Research and Development at Los Alamos National Laboratory, operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, under Contract No. DEAC52-06NA25396 with the US Department of Energy (DOE) and an Early Career award from the US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357; data were collected at the Sector 32-ID-C beamline. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU ICE PUBLISHING PI WESTMINISTER PA INST CIVIL ENGINEERS, 1 GREAT GEORGE ST, WESTMINISTER SW 1P 3AA, ENGLAND SN 2046-0147 EI 2046-0155 J9 EMERG MATER RES JI Emerg. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 2 IS 2 BP 90 EP 98 DI 10.1680/emr.12.00035 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V41HQ UT WOS:000209537700005 ER PT J AU Imhoff, SD Ott, TJ Tucker, TJ Katz, MR Cooley, JC AF Imhoff, Seth D. Ott, Thomas J. Tucker, Tim J. Katz, Martha R. Cooley, Jason C. TI Primary phase alignment in the Mg-Sb system with a 35-T DC magnetic field SO EMERGING MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE alloys; magnetic properties; material structure; morphology AB Primary phase alignment behavior in the Mg-Sb system is explored by solidification of samples in a 35-T DC magnetic field. Compositions with multiple solidification reaction pathways are found to have different phase alignment characteristics. In the current study, the orientation of Mg and Sb primary grains do not appear to be strongly influenced, but the alpha-Mg3Sb2 shows a very strong tendency to align with its long axis perpendicular to the field direction. By comparing the two compositions that both first nucleate alpha-Mg3Sb2 from the melt, it is found that the volume fraction involved in the primary reaction is a controlling factor for the total degree of alignment throughout the structure. This volume fraction dependence is interpreted as hindering free rotation in the liquid. C1 [Imhoff, Seth D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ott, Thomas J.; Tucker, Tim J.; Katz, Martha R.; Cooley, Jason C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. RP Imhoff, SD (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM sdi@lanl.gov FU NHMFL User Collaboration Grants Program [NSF-DMR-0654118] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial and facility support through the NHMFL User Collaboration Grants Program (NSF-DMR-0654118). NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ICE PUBLISHING PI WESTMINISTER PA INST CIVIL ENGINEERS, 1 GREAT GEORGE ST, WESTMINISTER SW 1P 3AA, ENGLAND SN 2046-0147 EI 2046-0155 J9 EMERG MATER RES JI Emerg. Mater. Res. PD APR PY 2013 VL 2 IS 2 BP 99 EP 103 DI 10.1680/emr.12.00036 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA V41HQ UT WOS:000209537700006 ER PT J AU Muether, M AF Muether, Mathew TI NOvA: Current Status and Future Reach SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Neutrino Oscillation Workshop Conca Specchilulla CY SEP 09-15, 2012 CL Otranto, ITALY DE neutrino oscillations; neutrino detector technology AB NO nu A, the NuMI Off-Axis nu(e) Appearance experiment will study nu(mu) -> nu(e) oscillations, characterized by the mixing angle theta(13). A complementary pair of detectors will be constructed similar to 14 mrad off beam axis to optimize the energy profile of the neutrinos. This system consists of a surface based 14 kTon liquid scintillatior tracking volume located 810 km from the main injector source (NuMI) in Ash River, Minnesota and a smaller underground 222 Ton near detector at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL). The first neutrino signals at the Ash River site are expected soon after the completion of 2012 Fermilab accelerator upgrades. In the meantime, a near detector surface prototype has been completed and neutrinos from two sources at FNAL,have been observed using the same highly segmented PVC and liquid scintillator detector system that will be deployed in the full scale experiment. With the recent measurements of theta(13) as input, updated sensitivities of NO nu A's capability to ultimately determine the ordering of the neutrino masses and measure CP violation in neutrino oscillations will be provided. Additionally, design and initial performance characteristics of the surface prototype system along with implications for the full NO nu Aprogram will be presented. C1 Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Neutrino Dept, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Muether, M (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Neutrino Dept, POB 500 MS 200, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5632 EI 1873-3832 J9 NUCL PHYS B-PROC SUP JI Nucl. Phys. B-Proc. Suppl. PD APR-MAY PY 2013 VL 237 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2013.04.075 PG 6 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA 185SG UT WOS:000321990000037 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZY Tong, XN McDonnell, KT Zelenyuk, A Imre, D Mueller, K AF Zhang, Zhiyuan Tong, Xiaonan McDonnell, Kevin T. Zelenyuk, Alla Imre, Dan Mueller, Klaus TI An Interactive Visual Analytics Framework for Multi-Field Data in a Geo-Spatial Context SO TSINGHUA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE geospatial visualization; visual analytics; information visualization; multivariate visualization; parallel coordinates; coordinated displays; linking and brushing AB Climate research produces a wealth of multivariate data. These data often have a geospatial reference and so it is of interest to show them within their geospatial context. One can consider this configuration as a multi-field visualization problem, where the geo-space provides the expanse of the field. However, there is a limit on the amount of multivariate information that can be fit within a certain spatial location, and the use of linked multivariate information displays has previously been devised to bridge this gap. In this paper we focus on the interactions in the geographical display, present an implementation that uses Google Earth, and demonstrate it within a tightly linked parallel coordinates display. Several other visual representations, such as pie and bar charts are integrated into the Google Earth display and can be interactively manipulated. Further, we also demonstrate new brushing and visualization techniques for parallel coordinates, such as fixed-window brushing and correlation-enhanced display. We conceived our system with a team of climate researchers, who already made a few important discoveries using it. This demonstrates our system's great potential to enable scientific discoveries, possibly also in other domains where data have a geospatial reference. C1 [Zhang, Zhiyuan; Mueller, Klaus] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Comp Sci, Visual Analyt & Imaging Lab, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. [Tong, Xiaonan] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [McDonnell, Kevin T.] Dowling Coll, Dept Math, Oakdale, NY 11769 USA. [Zelenyuk, Alla; Imre, Dan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Zhang, ZY (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Comp Sci, Visual Analyt & Imaging Lab, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. EM zyzhang@cs.sunysb.edu; tongxn2009@gmail.com; mcdonnek@dowling.edu; alla.zelenyuk@pnnl.gov; dimre2b@gmail.com; mueller@cs.sunysb.edu FU US National Science Foundation [1050477, 0959979, 1117132]; Brookhaven National Lab LDRD grant; US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences; IT Consilience Creative Project through the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea; DOE's OBER at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); [DE-AC06-76RL0 1830] FX Partial support for this research was provided by the US National Science Foundation (Nos. 1050477, 0959979, and 1117132), by a Brookhaven National Lab LDRD grant, by the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, and by the IT Consilience Creative Project through the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea. Some of the research was performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE's OBER at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated by the US DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract No. DE-AC06-76RL0 1830. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU TSINGHUA UNIV PRESS PI BEIJING PA TSINGHUA UNIV, RM A703, XUEYAN BLDG, BEIJING, 10084, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1007-0214 EI 1878-7606 J9 TSINGHUA SCI TECHNOL JI Tsinghua Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 18 IS 2 BP 111 EP 124 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA V41EI UT WOS:000209529100002 ER PT J AU Li, ZL Chen, CH Liu, TJ Mathrubootham, V Hegg, EL Hodge, DB AF Li, Zhenglun Chen, Charles H. Liu, Tongjun Mathrubootham, Vaidyanathan Hegg, Eric L. Hodge, David B. TI Catalysis with CuII(bpy) improves alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE bioenergy; chemical pretreatment; lignin; cellulosic biofuels; Cu-II(bpy) ID ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; COPPER-COMPLEXES; MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; OXIDATION; LIGNIN; DELIGNIFICATION; CELLULOSE; BIOMASS; ENZYMES AB Copper(II) 2,2-bipyridine (CuII(bpy))-catalyzed alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) pretreatment was performed on three biomass feedstocks including alkali pre-extracted switchgrass, silver birch, and a hybrid poplar cultivar. This catalytic approach was found to improve the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of plant cell wall polysaccharides to monosaccharides for all biomass types at alkaline pH relative to uncatalyzed pretreatment. The hybrid poplar exhibited the most significant improvement in enzymatic hydrolysis with monomeric sugar release and conversions more than doubling from 30% to 61% glucan conversion, while lignin solubilization was increased from 36.6% to 50.2% and hemicellulose solubilization was increased from 14.9% to 32.7%. It was found that CuII(bpy)-catalyzed AHP pretreatment of cellulose resulted in significantly more depolymerization than uncatalyzed AHP pretreatment (78.4% vs. 49.4% decrease in estimated degree of polymerization) and that carboxyl content the cellulose was significantly increased as well (fivefold increase vs. twofold increase). Together, these results indicate that CuII(bpy)-catalyzed AHP pretreatment represents a promising route to biomass deconstruction for bioenergy applications. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013; 110: 10781086. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Li, Zhenglun; Chen, Charles H.; Hodge, David B.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Li, Zhenglun; Liu, Tongjun; Mathrubootham, Vaidyanathan; Hegg, Eric L.; Hodge, David B.] Michigan State Univ, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Liu, Tongjun] Shandong Polytech Univ, Jinan, Peoples R China. [Mathrubootham, Vaidyanathan; Hegg, Eric L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hodge, David B.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hodge, David B.] Lulea Univ Technol, Div Sustainable Proc Engn, S-95187 Lulea, Sweden. RP Hodge, DB (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM hodgeda@egr.msu.edu FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX Contract grant sponsor: DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science); Contract grant number: DE-FC02-07ER64494 NR 49 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 89 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3592 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG JI Biotechnol. Bioeng. PD APR PY 2013 VL 110 IS 4 BP 1078 EP 1086 DI 10.1002/bit.24793 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 095UL UT WOS:000315360100008 PM 23192283 ER PT J AU Cragg, MI Zhou, YY Gurney, K Kahn, ME AF Cragg, Michael I. Zhou, Yuyu Gurney, Kevin Kahn, Matthew E. TI CARBON GEOGRAPHY: THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF CONGRESSIONAL SUPPORT FOR LEGISLATION INTENDED TO MITIGATE GREENHOUSE GAS PRODUCTION SO ECONOMIC INQUIRY LA English DT Article ID EMISSIONS; CURVE AB Over the last 5 years, the U.S. Congress has voted on several pieces of legislation intended to sharply reduce the nation's greenhouse gas emissions. Given that climate change is a world public bad, standard economic logic would predict that the United States would free ride and wait for other nations to reduce their emissions. Within the Congress, there are clear patterns to who votes in favor of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. This paper presents a political economy analysis of the determinants of pro-green votes on such legislation. Conservatives consistently vote against such legislation. Controlling for a representative's ideology, representatives from richer districts and districts with a lower per-capita carbon dioxide footprint are more likely to vote in favor of climate change mitigation legislation. Representatives from districts where industrial emissions represent a larger share of greenhouse gas emissions are more likely to vote no. C1 [Cragg, Michael I.] Brattle Grp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zhou, Yuyu] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Gurney, Kevin] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Kahn, Matthew E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Cragg, MI (reprint author), Brattle Grp, 44 Brattle St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM Michael.cragg@brattle.edu; Yuyu.zhou@pnnl.gov; kevin.gurney@asu.edu; mkahn@ioe.ucla.edu NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0095-2583 J9 ECON INQ JI Econ. Inq. PD APR PY 2013 VL 51 IS 2 BP 1640 EP 1650 DI 10.1111/j.1465-7295.2012.00462.x PG 11 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 096IA UT WOS:000315396200032 ER PT J AU Ma, X Zhang, DZ Giguere, PT Liu, C AF Ma, Xia Zhang, Duan Z. Giguere, Paul T. Liu, Cheng TI Axisymmetric computation of Taylor cylinder impacts of ductile and brittle materials using original and dual domain material point methods SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Material point methods; Transition from continuous to dispersed material ID GRANULAR FLOWS; MODEL; COMPOSITE; CONSTANTS; DENSE AB Although the Taylor cylinder impact itself has limited practical applications, the experiments are often conducted to infer the constitutive relations of materials under high strain rate through numerical calculations. Compared to other numerical methods, the material point method (MPM) has the accuracy advantage on severely deformed specimens. The MPM has been successfully applied in the study of ductile materials, but encounters significant difficulty because of stress noise in its application to brittle materials. The dual domain material point (DDMP) method has been recently developed to reduce the noise. In this paper we extend the DDMP method to axisymmetric cylindrical coordinates. Numerical characteristics of both methods are evaluated by performing computations of Taylor cylinder impacts for ductile and brittle materials. For ductile materials, there is no significant improvement in the results by using the DDMP method, because of the stress smoothing effect provided by the yield surface. For a brittle material, noise reduction is necessary because of the sudden and irreversible stress changes at material failure, and the transition from a continuous state to a granular state of the material. Although physical models for such a transition are still research topics, the newly developed DDMP method is shown to be numerically capable of simulating this transition of states. Dilation bands and formation of force chains in the resulting granular material are observed. The numerical results from the DDMP method compare well with experimental data for both ductile and brittle materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ma, Xia; Zhang, Duan Z.; Giguere, Paul T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Fluid Dynam & Solid Mech Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Liu, Cheng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Mat Sci Radiat & Dynam Extremes Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Ma, X (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Fluid Dynam & Solid Mech Grp, T-3,B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM xia@lanl.gov FU United States Department of Energy; Stockpile Safety and Surety Program; Joint DOD/DOE Munitions Technology Development Program FX This work was performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy. The Stockpile Safety and Surety Program and the Joint DOD/DOE Munitions Technology Development Program provided the financial support for this work. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD APR PY 2013 VL 54 BP 96 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2012.11.001 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 099FM UT WOS:000315606800008 ER PT J AU Knezevic, M McCabe, RJ Tome, CN Lebensohn, RA Chen, SR Cady, CM Gray, GT Mihaila, B AF Knezevic, Marko McCabe, Rodney J. Tome, Carlos N. Lebensohn, Ricardo A. Chen, Shuh Rong Cady, Carl M. Gray, George T., III Mihaila, Bogdan TI Modeling mechanical response and texture evolution of alpha-uranium as a function of strain rate and temperature using polycrystal plasticity SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY LA English DT Article DE Anisotropic material; Microstructures; Twinning; Rate-dependent material; Temperature-dependent dmaterial ID DEFORMATION TWINS; SLIP; BEHAVIOR; ZR; DIFFRACTION; SIMULATION; CRYSTALS; CLOSURES; ALLOYS; AZ31 AB We present a polycrystal plasticity model based on a self-consistent homogenization capable of predicting the macroscopic mechanical response and texture evolution of a-uranium over a wide range of temperatures and strain rates. The hardening of individual crystals is based on the evolution of dislocation densities and includes effects of strain rate and temperature through thermally-activated recovery, dislocation substructure formation, and slip-twin interactions. The model is validated on a comprehensive set of compression tests performed on a clock-rolled a-uranium plate at temperatures ranging from 198 to 573 K and strain rates ranging from 10(-3) to 3600 s(-1). The model is able to reproduce the stress-strain response and texture for all tests with a unique set of single-crystal hardening parameters. We elucidate the role played by the slip and twinning mechanisms and their interactions in large plastic deformation of a-uranium as a function of strain rate and temperature. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Knezevic, Marko; McCabe, Rodney J.; Tome, Carlos N.; Lebensohn, Ricardo A.; Chen, Shuh Rong; Cady, Carl M.; Gray, George T., III; Mihaila, Bogdan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Knezevic, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM knezevic@lanl.gov RI Lebensohn, Ricardo/A-2494-2008; Tome, Carlos/D-5058-2013; Mihaila, Bogdan/D-8795-2013; OI Lebensohn, Ricardo/0000-0002-3152-9105; Mihaila, Bogdan/0000-0002-1489-8814; McCabe, Rodney /0000-0002-6684-7410 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Seaborg Institute for the Post-Doctoral Fellowship through the LANL/LDRD Program with the U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was performed under contract number DE-AC52-06NA25396 with the US Department of Energy. Marko Knezevic gratefully acknowledges the Seaborg Institute for the Post-Doctoral Fellowship through the LANL/LDRD Program with the U.S. Department of Energy. NR 48 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 48 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0749-6419 J9 INT J PLASTICITY JI Int. J. Plast. PD APR PY 2013 VL 43 BP 70 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2012.10.011 PG 15 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA 100LE UT WOS:000315701900004 ER PT J AU Carman, L Zaitseva, N Martinez, HP Rupert, B Pawelczak, I Glenn, A Mulcahy, H Leif, R Lewis, K Payne, S AF Carman, Leslie Zaitseva, Natalia Martinez, H. Paul Rupert, Benjamin Pawelczak, Iwona Glenn, Andrew Mulcahy, Heather Leif, Roald Lewis, Keith Payne, Stephen TI The effect of material purity on the optical and scintillation properties of solution-grown trans-stilbene crystals SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH LA English DT Article DE Solution growth; Organic crystals; trans-Stilbene; Organic scintillator; Neutron detection; Pulse shape discrimination ID RAPID GROWTH; KDP AB Large, 10 cm-size, single crystals of trans-stilbene were grown for the first time from solution by a temperature reduction technique. Their scintillation performance for fast neutron detection depended on the purity of the initial starting material. A light-yield-inhibitor-free starting material was specially synthesized and crystals from this material were compared to those grown from commercially available powders of trans-stilbene. The use of pure material made possible the growth of the large size crystals (> 400 g) with excellent neutron-gamma discrimination performance, which are needed for use as a radiation detection material. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Carman, Leslie; Zaitseva, Natalia; Martinez, H. Paul; Rupert, Benjamin; Pawelczak, Iwona; Glenn, Andrew; Mulcahy, Heather; Leif, Roald; Lewis, Keith; Payne, Stephen] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Carman, L (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. EM carman1@llnl.gov FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; US Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office [IAA HSHQDC-09-X-00743] FX The work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work has been supported by the US Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, under competitively awarded IAA HSHQDC-09-X-00743. This support does not constitute an express or implied endorsement on the part of the Government. We wish to thank Dr. Brian R. Baker for sublimation and Dr. Aleksey Churilov from Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc., for zone refinement of commercial trans-stilbene powders. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0248 J9 J CRYST GROWTH JI J. Cryst. Growth PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 368 BP 56 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2013.01.019 PG 6 WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics GA 098UN UT WOS:000315574700009 ER PT J AU Abdilghanie, AM Diamessis, PJ AF Abdilghanie, Ammar M. Diamessis, Peter J. TI The internal gravity wave field emitted by a stably stratified turbulent wake SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE stratified flows; wakes/jets; waves/free-surface flows ID BOTTOM EKMAN LAYER; TOWED SPHERE; MIXED REGION; LABORATORY GENERATION; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; SHEARED TURBULENCE; FROUDE-NUMBER; POINT SOURCES; FLUID; EXCITATION AB The internal gravity wave (IGW) field emitted by a stably stratified, initially turbulent, wake of a towed sphere in a linearly stratified fluid is studied using fully nonlinear numerical simulations. A wide range of Reynolds numbers, Re = UD/nu is an element of [5 x 10(3,) 10(5)] and internal Froude numbers, Fr = 2U/(ND) is an element of [4, 16, 64] (U, D are characteristic body velocity and length scales, and N is the buoyancy frequency) is examined. At the higher Re examined, secondary Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities and the resulting turbulent events, directly linked to a prolonged non-equilibrium (NEQ) regime in wake evolution, are responsible for IGW emission that persists up to Nt approximate to 100. In contrast, IGW emission at the lower Re investigated does not continue beyond Nt approximate to 50 for the three Fr values considered. The horizontal wavelengths of the most energetic IGWs, obtained by continuous wavelet transforms, increase with Fr and appear to be smaller at the higher Re, especially at late times. The initial value of these wavelengths is set by the wake height at the beginning of the NEQ regime. At the lower Re, consistent with a recently proposed model, the waves propagate over a narrow range of angles that minimize viscous decay along their path. At the higher Re, wave motion is much less affected by viscosity, at least initially, and early-time wave propagation angles extend over a broader range of values which are linked to increased efficiency in momentum extraction from the turbulent wake source. C1 [Abdilghanie, Ammar M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Leadership Comp Facil, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Diamessis, Peter J.] Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Diamessis, PJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM pjd38@cornell.edu RI Diamessis, Peter/D-7482-2013; Abdilghanie, Ammar/M-3262-2013 OI Diamessis, Peter/0000-0002-3309-3309; FU Office of Naval Research grant [N0001-408-1-0235]; National Science Foundation [OCE-0845558] FX We are thankful to Professor G. R. Spedding for guidance on the theory and use of the two-dimensional continuous wavelet transforms. We also thank Professor J. J. Riley for a number of insightful comments. Q. Zhou is thanked for generating the three-dimensional visualizations. We are grateful to three anonymous reviewers for their insightful commentary. Support through Office of Naval Research grant N0001-408-1-0235 administered by Dr R. Joslin is gratefully acknowledged. The second author also acknowledges the support of National Science Foundation CAREER award Grant OCE-0845558. NR 79 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 25 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-1120 EI 1469-7645 J9 J FLUID MECH JI J. Fluid Mech. PD APR PY 2013 VL 720 BP 104 EP 139 DI 10.1017/jfm.2012.640 PG 36 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 097EM UT WOS:000315456800005 ER PT J AU Sun, C Song, M Yu, KY Chen, Y Kirk, M Li, M Wang, H Zhang, X AF Sun, C. Song, M. Yu, K. Y. Chen, Y. Kirk, M. Li, M. Wang, H. Zhang, X. TI In situ Evidence of Defect Cluster Absorption by Grain Boundaries in Kr Ion Irradiated Nanocrystalline Ni SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEEL; ELECTRON-IRRADIATION; RADIATION TOLERANCE; FERRITIC ALLOYS; VOID FORMATION; FCC METALS; HELIUM; DIFFUSION; FE; DISLOCATIONS AB Significant microstructural damage, in the form of defect clusters, typically occurs in metals subjected to heavy ion irradiation. High angle grain boundaries (GBs) have long been postulated as sinks for defect clusters, like dislocation loops. Here, we provide direct evidence, via in situ Kr ion irradiation within a transmission electron microscope, that high angle GBs in nanocrystalline (NC) Ni, with an average grain size of similar to 55 nm, can effectively absorb irradiation-induced dislocation loops and segments. These high angle GBs significantly reduce the density and size of irradiation-induced defect clusters in NC Ni compared to their bulk counterparts, and thus NC Ni achieves significant enhancement of irradiation tolerance. C1 [Sun, C.; Song, M.; Yu, K. Y.; Chen, Y.; Zhang, X.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mat Sci & Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Kirk, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Li, M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Wang, H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mat Sci & Engn Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM zhangx@tamu.edu RI Sun, Cheng/G-8953-2013; Yu, Kaiyuan /B-8398-2014; Wang, Haiyan/P-3550-2014; Chen, Youxing/P-5006-2016 OI Sun, Cheng/0000-0002-1368-243X; Yu, Kaiyuan /0000-0002-5442-2992; Wang, Haiyan/0000-0002-7397-1209; Chen, Youxing/0000-0003-1111-4495 FU DOE-NEUP [DE-AC07-05ID14517-00088120]; US Army Research Office-Materials Science Division [W911NF-09-1-0223] FX We acknowledge financial support by the DOE-NEUP under contract no. DE-AC07-05ID14517-00088120. Partial support by the US Army Research Office-Materials Science Division-is also acknowledged under contract no. W911NF-09-1-0223. We also thank John Hirth and Lin Shao for their helpful discussions. NR 40 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 53 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD APR PY 2013 VL 44A IS 4 BP 1966 EP 1974 DI 10.1007/s11661-013-1635-9 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 096VV UT WOS:000315433700038 ER PT J AU Chai, SH Schwartz, V Howe, JY Wang, XQ Kidder, M Overbury, SH Dai, S Jiang, DE AF Chai, Song-Hai Schwartz, Viviane Howe, Jane Y. Wang, Xiqing Kidder, Michelle Overbury, Steven H. Dai, Sheng Jiang, De-en TI Graphitic mesoporous carbon-supported molybdenum carbides for catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide to mixed alcohols SO MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Mesoporous carbon; Molybdenum carbides; Heterogeneous catalysis; Synthesis gas conversion; Alcohol synthesis ID SYNTHESIS GAS CONVERSION; CO HYDROGENATION; SURFACE-AREA; TUNGSTEN CARBIDES; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; SYNGAS; ADSORPTION; REDUCTION; SULFIDE; ETHANOL AB Molybdenum carbide (beta-Mo2C) nanoparticles were synthesized in situ on a soft-templated graphitic mesoporous carbon (GMC) and other commercial carbon materials (activated charcoal and carbon black) by carbothermal hydrogen reduction (i.e., carbon supports as carburizing agents). The catalytic activity of these carbon-supported and bulk carbides for carbon monoxide (CO) hydrogenation to mixed alcohols (mainly C-1-C-3) was investigated at 573 K and 3.0 MPa, showing that their areal specific rates for CO conversion increase with decreasing the carbide particle size, independent of the supports. GMC appears to be a preferable support of beta-Mo2C to activated charcoal and carbon black because of its ability for the formation of smaller carbide particles resulting in higher catalytic activity. Addition of a minor amount of K2CO3 into beta-Mo2C/GMC (molar K/Mo = 0.05-0.5) promotes the formation of higher alcohols (C2+-OH) considerably, leading to a maximum space time yield (STY) for C2+-OH at medium K/Mo ratio of 0.1. Compared with typical Rh/GMC catalyst promoted triply with Mn, Li, and Fe oxides, the K2CO3-promoted beta-Mo2C/GMC catalyst shows higher C2+-OH selectivity (30 vs. 25 mol-C% on CO2-free basis) and STY (71 vs. 46 mg (h g(cat))(-1)) in spite of its suppressed formation of CH3OH. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Chai, Song-Hai; Wang, Xiqing; Kidder, Michelle; Overbury, Steven H.; Dai, Sheng; Jiang, De-en] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Schwartz, Viviane; Overbury, Steven H.; Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Howe, Jane Y.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37966 USA. RP Chai, SH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM chais@ornl.gov; jiangd@ornl.gov RI Jiang, De-en/D-9529-2011; Chai, Song-Hai/A-9299-2012; Wang, Xiqing/E-3062-2010; Overbury, Steven/C-5108-2016; Howe, Jane/G-2890-2011; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Jiang, De-en/0000-0001-5167-0731; Chai, Song-Hai/0000-0002-4152-2513; Wang, Xiqing/0000-0002-1843-008X; Overbury, Steven/0000-0002-5137-3961; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 FU laboratory-directed research and development (LDRD) program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the laboratory-directed research and development (LDRD) program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC. A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities, U.S. Department of Energy. The microscopy work was carried out using ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Facility that sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The authors thank the reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions to considerably improve the quality of this manuscript. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 8 U2 184 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-1811 J9 MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT JI Microporous Mesoporous Mat. PD APR PY 2013 VL 170 BP 141 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.micromeso.2012.11.025 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 099IM UT WOS:000315614700017 ER PT J AU Moles, AT Peco, B Wallis, IR Foley, WJ Poore, AGB Seabloom, EW Vesk, PA Bisigato, AJ Cella-Pizarro, L Clark, CJ Cohen, PS Cornwell, WK Edwards, W Ejrnaes, R Gonzales-Ojeda, T Graae, BJ Hay, G Lumbwe, FC Magana-Rodriguez, B Moore, BD Peri, PL Poulsen, JR Stegen, JC Veldtman, R Zeipel, H Andrew, NR Boulter, SL Borer, ET Cornelissen, JHC Farji-Brener, AG DeGabriel, JL Jurado, E Kyhn, LA Low, B Mulder, CPH Reardon-Smith, K Rodriguez-Velazquez, J De Fortier, A Zheng, Z Blendinger, PG Enquist, BJ Facelli, JM Knight, T Majer, JD Martinez-Ramos, M McQuillan, P Hui, FKC AF Moles, Angela T. Peco, Begona Wallis, Ian R. Foley, William J. Poore, Alistair G. B. Seabloom, Eric W. Vesk, Peter A. Bisigato, Alejandro J. Cella-Pizarro, Lucrecia Clark, Connie J. Cohen, Philippe S. Cornwell, William K. Edwards, Will Ejrnaes, Rasmus Gonzales-Ojeda, Therany Graae, Bente J. Hay, Gregory Lumbwe, Fainess C. Magana-Rodriguez, Benjamin Moore, Ben D. Peri, Pablo L. Poulsen, John R. Stegen, James C. Veldtman, Ruan Zeipel, Hugovon Andrew, Nigel R. Boulter, Sarah L. Borer, Elizabeth T. Cornelissen, Johannes H. C. Farji-Brener, Alejandro G. DeGabriel, Jane L. Jurado, Enrique Kyhn, Line A. Low, Bill Mulder, Christa P. H. Reardon-Smith, Kathryn Rodriguez-Velazquez, Jorge De Fortier, An Zheng, Zheng Blendinger, Pedro G. Enquist, Brian J. Facelli, Jose M. Knight, Tiffany Majer, Jonathan D. Martinez-Ramos, Miguel McQuillan, Peter Hui, Francis K. C. TI Correlations between physical and chemical defences in plants: tradeoffs, syndromes, or just many different ways to skin a herbivorous cat? SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE cyanogenesis; extrafloral nectaries; hair; leaf toughness; lipid; plantherbivore interactions; spines; tannin ID ANTIHERBIVORE DEFENSES; CALCIUM-OXALATE; STRUCTURAL TRAITS; RESISTANCE TRAITS; TANNINS; ECOLOGY; PERFORMANCE; EVOLUTION; COMMUNITY; OFFS AB Most plant species have a range of traits that deter herbivores. However, understanding of how different defences are related to one another is surprisingly weak. Many authors argue that defence traits trade off against one another, while others argue that they form coordinated defence syndromes. We collected a dataset of unprecedented taxonomic and geographic scope (261 species spanning 80 families, from 75 sites across the globe) to investigate relationships among four chemical and six physical defences. Five of the 45 pairwise correlations between defence traits were significant and three of these were tradeoffs. The relationship between species' overall chemical and physical defence levels was marginally nonsignificant (P=0.08), and remained nonsignificant after accounting for phylogeny, growth form and abundance. Neither categorical principal component analysis (PCA) nor hierarchical cluster analysis supported the idea that species displayed defence syndromes. Our results do not support arguments for tradeoffs or for coordinated defence syndromes. Rather, plants display a range of combinations of defence traits. We suggest this lack of consistent defence syndromes may be adaptive, resulting from selective pressure to deploy a different combination of defences to coexisting species. C1 [Moles, Angela T.; Poore, Alistair G. B.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Evolut & Ecol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Peco, Begona] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Dept Interuniv Ecol, Terr Ecol Grp, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Wallis, Ian R.; Foley, William J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Seabloom, Eric W.; Borer, Elizabeth T.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Vesk, Peter A.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Bot, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Bisigato, Alejandro J.; Cella-Pizarro, Lucrecia] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Ctr Nacl Patagon, RA-9120 Puerto Madryn, Argentina. [Clark, Connie J.; Poulsen, John R.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [Cohen, Philippe S.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Cornwell, William K.; Cornelissen, Johannes H. C.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Ecol Sci, Dept Syst Ecol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Edwards, Will] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Cairns, Qld, Australia. [Edwards, Will] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci, Cairns, Qld, Australia. [Ejrnaes, Rasmus] Univ Aarhus, Natl Environm Res Inst, DK-8420 Ronde, Denmark. [Gonzales-Ojeda, Therany] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad Cusco, Fac Ciencias Forestales & Medio Ambiente, Madre De Dios, Peru. [Graae, Bente J.] Umea Univ, Climate Impacts Res Ctr, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, Abisko Naturvetenskapliga Stn, S-98107 Abisko, Sweden. [Graae, Bente J.; Facelli, Jose M.] NTNU, Dept Biol, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Hay, Gregory] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Lumbwe, Fainess C.] Univ Zambia, Dept Biol Sci, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [Magana-Rodriguez, Benjamin] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. [Moore, Ben D.; DeGabriel, Jane L.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Moore, Ben D.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [Peri, Pablo L.] Univ Nacl Patagonia Austral, INTA, CONICET, RA-9400 Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina. [Stegen, James C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Veldtman, Ruan] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Bot & Zool, Ctr Invas Biol, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. [Veldtman, Ruan] South African Natl Biodivers Inst, Kirstenbosch Res Ctr, ZA-7735 Claremont, South Africa. [Zeipel, Hugovon] Mid Sweden Univ, Dept Nat Sci, SE-85170 Sundsvall, Sweden. [Andrew, Nigel R.] Univ New England, Ctr Behav & Physiol Ecol, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. [Boulter, Sarah L.] Griffith Univ, Griffith Sch Environm, Environm Futures Ctr, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Farji-Brener, Alejandro G.] INIBIOMA CONICET, CRUB UNC, Lab Ecotono, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Jurado, Enrique] Univ Nuevo Leon, Fac Ciencias Forestales, Linares 67700, Mexico. [Kyhn, Line A.] Aarhus Univ, Natl Environm Res Inst, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. [Low, Bill] Low Ecol Serv, Alice Springs, NT 0871, Australia. [Mulder, Christa P. H.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Mulder, Christa P. H.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Reardon-Smith, Kathryn] Univ So Queensland, Australian Ctr Sustainable Catchments, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Rodriguez-Velazquez, Jorge; Martinez-Ramos, Miguel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [De Fortier, An] Univ Zululand, Dept Zool, ZA-3886 Kwa Dlangezwa, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa. [Zheng, Zheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Blendinger, Pedro G.] Univ Nacl Tucuman, CONICET, RA-4107 Yerba Buena, Tucuman, Argentina. [Blendinger, Pedro G.] Univ Nacl Tucuman, Inst Ecol Reg, RA-4107 Yerba Buena, Tucuman, Argentina. [Enquist, Brian J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Knight, Tiffany] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63105 USA. [Majer, Jonathan D.] Curtin Univ Technol, Curtin Inst Biodivers & Climate, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [McQuillan, Peter] Univ Tasmania, Sch Geog & Environm Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Hui, Francis K. C.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Math & Stat, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Hui, Francis K. C.] Univ New S Wales, Evolut & Ecol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Moles, AT (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Evolut & Ecol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM a.moles@unsw.edu.au RI Moore, Ben/C-3447-2008; Ejrnas, Rasmus/K-7070-2013; Peco, Begona/C-1197-2012; James Cook University, TESS/B-8171-2012; McQuillan, Peter/C-2373-2014; Foley, William/C-8069-2009; Research ID, CTBCC /O-3564-2014; DeGabriel, Jane/B-3373-2012; Moles, Angela/C-3083-2008; Stegen, James/Q-3078-2016 OI Seabloom, Eric/0000-0001-6780-9259; Edwards, Will/0000-0001-8981-7479; Andrew, Nigel/0000-0002-2850-2307; Cornwell, Will/0000-0003-4080-4073; Poore, Alistair/0000-0002-3560-3659; Enquist, Brian/0000-0002-6124-7096; Borer, Elizabeth/0000-0003-2259-5853; Farji-Brener, Alejandro Gustavo/0000-0001-7251-3866; McQuillan, Peter/0000-0001-6334-372X; Moore, Ben/0000-0002-6995-4721; Peco, Begona/0000-0003-2149-1438; Foley, William/0000-0001-8587-1814; DeGabriel, Jane/0000-0003-1245-5291; Moles, Angela/0000-0003-2041-7762; Stegen, James/0000-0001-9135-7424 FU ARC; Victoria University of Wellington; UNSW; Amazon Conservation Association; Australian Geographic; Spanish Ministry of Education [PR2011-0491]; NSF CAREER award; CONACYT; DGAPA-UNAM; Claude Leon Foundation FX G. Abeya, H. Bahamonde, A. Brandt, E. Chandler, M. Coll, T. Davids, A. Davidson, A. De Obaldia, S. Fayed, F. Fernandez Campon, B. Fleshman, F. Jamangape, G. Jamangape, J. Keble-Williams, M. King, J. Angel Lopez Carmona, B. Martin, L. Mills, H. Molgaard, J. Gustavo Namen, L. Nugent, H. Nzuza, L. Prior, T. Reilly, L. Resendiz Davila, A. Sagal, G. Schneeweiss, S. Shen, R. Sinclair, J. Strand, A. Tabic, M. Tadey, M. S. Waldram, H. Wang, K. Webeck and T. Yong contributed to data collection in the field. W. Bond, S. Bonser, P. Coley, H. Meltofte and N. Pitman gave organizational help and/or comments. D. Warton provided invaluable statistical advice. The project was supported by an ARC discovery grant to A. T. M. and P. D. Coley, and grants to A. T. M. from Victoria University of Wellington, UNSW, the Amazon Conservation Association and Australian Geographic. B. P. was supported by a Salvador de Madariaga grant PR2011-0491 from the Spanish Ministry of Education. J. C. S. and B. J. E. were supported by an NSF CAREER award to B. J. E., M. M. R. was supported by sabbatical fellowships from CONACYT and DGAPA-UNAM, and R. V. was supported by the Claude Leon Foundation. Abisko Naturvetenskapliga Station and Xishuangbanna Station for Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem Studies provided accommodation and logistical support. Two sites were studied under the Master Agreement on Scientific and Technological Cooperation CONICET-Macquarie. NR 90 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 7 U2 219 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD APR PY 2013 VL 198 IS 1 BP 252 EP 263 DI 10.1111/nph.12116 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 096YH UT WOS:000315440400026 PM 23316750 ER PT J AU Sahu, LK Sheel, V Kajino, M Nedelec, P AF Sahu, L. K. Sheel, Varun Kajino, M. Nedelec, P. TI Variability in tropospheric carbon monoxide over an urban site in Southeast Asia SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Bangkok; Southeast Asia; Biomass burning; MOZAIC; Carbon monoxide profile; Urban ID BANGKOK METROPOLITAN REGION; BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; OZONE; DISTRIBUTIONS; INVENTORY; MODEL; INDIA; CO; RESOLUTION; TRANSPORT AB This paper analyses MOZAIC (Measurements of Ozone aboard Airbus in-service airCraft) measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) profiles over Bangkok to discuss the seasonality in vertical distribution during year 2005-2006. The mixing ratios of CO were enhanced in the lower troposphere being highest in winter followed by summer and wet seasons. During all the seasons, the mixing ratio of CO decreased rapidly and remained low in the middle troposphere. At higher altitudes (6-12 km), CO shows enhanced values particularly during wet and early winter seasons. The strong seasonality in CO was caused by the seasonal shift in the patterns of the long-range transport and biomass burning (BB) in South and Southeast Asia (S-SE Asia). Flow of cleaner air and negligible BB resulted in the lowest mixing ratio of CO in the wet season. In addition to anthropogenic influence, the long-range transport and BB caused the higher CO in the winter and summer seasons, respectively. Despite extensive local BB activities in Thailand during the summer season, the moderate levels of CO were attributed to the dilution due to flow of cleaner marine from the Indian and Pacific Oceans. We have also compared the observations with the Model for Ozone And Related Chemical Tracers (MOZART) simulations. Mostly the observations lie between the MOZART-2 and MOZART-4 simulations as they underestimate and overestimate the observed CO, respectively. In the middle and upper troposphere, both the observed and simulated mixing ratios of CO during September November of year 2006 were higher by 15-30 ppbv compared to the same period of year 2005. Our analysis indicates the impact of El Nino induced extensive BB in Indonesia during the year 2006. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sahu, L. K.; Sheel, Varun] Phys Res Lab, Ahmadabad 380009, Gujarat, India. [Kajino, M.] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Kajino, M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Nedelec, P.] Observ Midi Pyrenees, Lab Aerol, CNRS, UMR 5560, F-31400 Toulouse, France. RP Sahu, LK (reprint author), Phys Res Lab, Ahmadabad 380009, Gujarat, India. EM lokesh@prl.res.in FU European Commission; Airbus; CNRS-France; FZJ-Germany FX The authors acknowledge for their strong support the European Commission, Airbus, CNRS-France, FZJ-Germany and the airlines (Lufthansa, Air France, Austrian and former Sabena who carry free of charge the MOZAIC instrumentation since 1994). The ATSR World Fire Atlas data has been taken from Ionia products of European Space Agency. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD APR PY 2013 VL 68 BP 243 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.11.057 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 094CR UT WOS:000315241100028 ER PT J AU O'Brien, RE Laskin, A Laskin, J Liu, S Weber, R Russell, LM Goldstein, AH AF O'Brien, Rachel E. Laskin, Alexander Laskin, Julia Liu, Shang Weber, Robin Russell, Lynn M. Goldstein, Allen H. TI Molecular characterization of organic aerosol using nanospray desorption/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: CalNex 2010 field study SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE SOA; Oligomers; Orbitrap; CalNex; Nano-DESI; Nitrogen-containing organic compounds ID CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; ELECTROSPRAY; IDENTIFICATION; OLIGOMERS; PARTICLES; ISOPRENE; NITROGEN; ORGANOSULFATES; CONSTITUENTS; CALIFORNIA AB Aerosol samples from the CalNex 2010 field study were analyzed using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) coupled to a nanospray desorption/electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) source. The samples were collected in Bakersfield, CA on June 22-23, 2010. The chemical formulas of over 850 unique molecular species were detected in the mass range of 50-400 m/z using positive mode ESI of aerosol samples in the 0.18-0.32 mu m size range. Our analysis focused on identification of two main groups: compounds containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CHO), and nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOC). The NOC accounted for 40% (by number) of the compounds observed in the afternoon, and for 52% in the early morning samples. By comparing plausible reactant-product pairs, we propose that over 50% of the NOC in each sample could have been formed through reactions transforming carbonyls into imines. The CHO only compounds were dominant in the afternoon suggesting a photochemical source. The average O/C ratios of all observed compounds were fairly consistent throughout the day, ranging from 0.33 in the morning to 037 at night. We conclude that both photooxidation and ammonia chemistry may play a role in forming the compounds observed in this mixed urban-rural environment. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [O'Brien, Rachel E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Laskin, Alexander] Pacific NW Natl Lab, William R Wiley Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Laskin, Julia] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Liu, Shang; Russell, Lynn M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Weber, Robin; Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Laskin, A (reprint author), POB 999,K8-88, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM Alexander.Laskin@pnl.gov; ahg@berkeley.edu RI Liu, Shang/F-9085-2011; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; Laskin, Julia/H-9974-2012; Laskin, Alexander/I-2574-2012 OI Liu, Shang/0000-0002-3403-8651; Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Laskin, Julia/0000-0002-4533-9644; Laskin, Alexander/0000-0002-7836-8417 FU California Air Resources Board (CARB) [08-316, 09-316]; Atmospheric System Research program, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) of the U.S. DOE; Chemical Sciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) of the U.S. DOE; OBER U.S. DOE; US DOE [DE-AC06-76RL0 1830]; CARB [09-328] FX The UC group acknowledges support from the California Air Resources Board (CARB) under contracts 08-316 and 09-316. AL acknowledges support from the Atmospheric System Research program, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) of the U.S. DOE. JL acknowledges support from the Chemical Sciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) of the U.S. DOE. The nano-DESI/HR-MS experiments described in this paper were performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by OBER U.S. DOE and located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated for US DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC06-76RL0 1830. The UCSD group acknowledges support from (CARB) under contract 09-328. The authors would like thank Nathan Kreisberg for help with sampling set-up and John Offenburg at the EPA for the use of the MOUDI samplers. We would also like to thank John Karlik, Ron Cohen, Sally Pusede, University of California Extension Staff, and Kern County Staff, for logistical support during the Bakersfield CALNEX study. NR 46 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 159 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD APR PY 2013 VL 68 BP 265 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.11.056 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 094CR UT WOS:000315241100030 ER PT J AU Dogan, ON Song, X Chen, S Gao, MC AF Dogan, Oe N. Song, X. Chen, S. Gao, M. C. TI Microstructural study of high-temperature Cr-Ni-Al-Ti alloys supported by first-principles calculations SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE Intermetallics, miscellaneous; Precipitates; Ab-initio calculations; Electron microscopy, transmission ID SYSTEM; CHROMIUM; METALS; CONSTITUTION; STABILITY AB Refractory metals present a potential for development of future high-temperature structural materials due to their high melting temperature and good high-temperature strength. However, their poor high-temperature oxidation resistance, creep resistance, and low fracture toughness at low temperatures have to be addressed. The microstructure of two Cr-Ni-Ti-Al alloys is characterized using XRD, LOM, SEM, and TEM. The microstructure of both alloys is comprised of very dilute Cr solid solution grains, intergranular L2(1) Ni2AlTi phase, and fine NiTi-rich B2 precipitates dispersed in the Cr-rich grains. The small spherical precipitates have a well-defined orientation relationship with the Cr-matrix, and the lattice mismatch between the precipitates and the Cr-alloy matrix is accommodated by the interface dislocations. In order to explain measured composition of L2(1) and B2, the site preference in these phases is further studied using the first-principles density functional theory (DFT) method at the low temperature limit. The theoretical calculations predict that Al prefers substituting for the Ti site in B2 NiTi. Structure analysis reveals that Al substituting for Ti results in the formation of strong Al-Ni bonds that have much shorter bond lengths than the Al substitution for the Ni site. The predicted Al site or Cr site preference is consistent with established Al Ni Ti ternary experiments. As for the L2(1)-Ni2AlTi phase, DFT calculations predict that Cr prefers substitution with the Ni site over Al or Ti sites. This is related to the smallest relaxation effect and formation of stronger Al-Cr and Ti-Cr bonds that have much shorter nearest neighbor bond length compared to other substitution scenarios. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dogan, Oe N.; Gao, M. C.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. [Song, X.; Chen, S.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Gao, M. C.] URS Corp, Albany, OR 97321 USA. RP Dogan, ON (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA. EM omer.dogan@netl.doe.gov RI Chen, Song/H-3174-2011 FU Advanced Research Program of NETL's Strategic Center for Coal under RES [DE-FE0004000]; Teragrid-Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) [DMR100099]; United States Government FX This research was performed in support of the Advanced Research Program of the NETL's Strategic Center for Coal under the RES contract DE-FE0004000. Assistance of Paul Danielson (metallography), Eileen Nall (SEM) and David Smith (XRD), all with NETL, is appreciated. MCG acknowledges partial computing support under Teragrid-Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC)-Award No. DMR100099.; This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-9795 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD APR PY 2013 VL 35 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2012.12.001 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 095XC UT WOS:000315367300005 ER PT J AU Seemuller, C Heilmaier, M Haenschke, T Bei, H Dlouhy, A George, EP AF Seemueller, C. Heilmaier, M. Haenschke, T. Bei, H. Dlouhy, A. George, E. P. TI Influence of fiber alignment on creep in directionally solidified NiAl-10Mo in-situ composites SO INTERMETALLICS LA English DT Article DE Nickel aluminides, based on NiAl; Creep (properties and mechanisms); Crystal growth; Mechanical properties, theory; Aero-engine components ID MO EUTECTIC ALLOY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NIAL-MO; STEADY-STATE; BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURES; CHEMISTRY; FRACTURE AB A NiAl-Mo eutectic having a nominal composition of Ni-45Al-10Mo was directionally solidified in a floating-zone furnace at two different growth rates, 20 and 80 mm/h. At the slower growth rate, the Mo fibers in the composite are well-aligned with the growth direction, whereas at the higher growth rate cellular microstructures are observed. Creep testing at 900 degrees C showed that the minimum creep rate is much higher for cellular than for well-aligned structures. In the cellular case a "soft" cell boundary consisting primarily of binary NiAl surrounding "hard" eutectic cell interiors seems to facilitate cell boundary sliding and therefore results in low creep strength. A microstructure-based composite model is used to explain the effects of fiber alignment on creep resistance. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Seemueller, C.; Heilmaier, M.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Div Phys Met, Inst Appl Mat, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Haenschke, T.] Univ Birmingham, Interdisciplinary Res Ctr Mat Proc, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Bei, H.; George, E. P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Dlouhy, A.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys Met, CS-61662 Brno, Czech Republic. RP Seemuller, C (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Div Phys Met, Inst Appl Mat, Engelbert Arnold Str 4, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. EM christoph.seemueller@kit.edu RI Dlouhy, Antonin/F-9721-2014; George, Easo/L-5434-2014; OI Bei, Hongbin/0000-0003-0283-7990 FU CSF [202/09/2073]; U.S. Department of Energy, Fossil Energy Advanced Materials Program FX A. Dlouhy acknowledges financial support from the CSF under a contract no. 202/09/2073. H. Bei and E.P. George were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Fossil Energy Advanced Materials Program. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0966-9795 J9 INTERMETALLICS JI Intermetallics PD APR PY 2013 VL 35 BP 110 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2012.12.007 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 095XC UT WOS:000315367300016 ER PT J AU Al-Lehyani, IH Grime, JMA Bano, M McKelvey, K Allen, MP AF Al-Lehyani, Ibrahim H. Grime, John M. A. Bano, Matthew McKelvey, Kim Allen, Michael P. TI Coarse-grained simulation of transmembrane peptides in the gel phase SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Dissipative particle dynamics; Molecular-dynamics; Bilayer; Peptide ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; DISSIPATIVE PARTICLE DYNAMICS; PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; MODEL LIPID-BILAYERS; HYDROPHOBIC MISMATCH; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; ALPHA-HELICES; BEHAVIOR AB We use dissipative particle dynamics simulations, combined with parallel tempering and umbrella sampling, to investigate the potential of mean force between model transmembrane peptides in the various phases of a lipid bilayer, including the low-temperature gel phase. The observed oscillations in the effective interaction between peptides are consistent with the different structures of the surrounding lipid phases. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Al-Lehyani, Ibrahim H.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Phys, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia. [Al-Lehyani, Ibrahim H.] King Abdulaziz City Sci & Technol, Natl Ctr Math & Phys, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Grime, John M. A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Grime, John M. A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bano, Matthew; McKelvey, Kim] Univ Warwick, MOAC Doctoral Training Ctr, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Allen, Michael P.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. RP Allen, MP (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. EM iallehyani@kau.edu.sa; jgrime@uchicago.edu; m.p.allen@warwick.ac.uk RI Allen, Michael/B-6284-2011 OI Allen, Michael/0000-0003-0158-0046 FU EPSRC FX Computing facilities were provided by the Centre of Scientific Computing of the University of Warwick with support from SRIF. Funding was provided by EPSRC. I. A. acknowledges a summer visit support from the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology and thanks the University of Warwick for hosting his visit. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 56 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 238 BP 97 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2012.12.014 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 093KL UT WOS:000315190700006 ER PT J AU Calef, MT Fichtl, ED Warsa, JS Berndt, M Carlson, NN AF Calef, Matthew T. Fichtl, Erin D. Warsa, James S. Berndt, Markus Carlson, Neil N. TI Nonlinear Krylov acceleration applied to a discrete ordinates formulation of the k-eigenvalue problem SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Anderson mixing; Boltzmann equation; Boltzmann k-eigenvalue problem; Broyden; JFNK ID S-N TRANSPORT; NEWTONS METHOD; CONVERGENCE; ALGORITHM; GMRES; ITERATIONS; SWEEPS; DESIGN AB We compare a variant of Anderson Mixing with the Jacobian-Free Newton-Krylov and Broyden methods applied to an instance of the k-eigenvalue formulation of the linear Boltzmann transport equation. We present evidence that one variant of Anderson Mixing finds solutions in the fewest number of iterations. We examine and strengthen theoretical results of Anderson Mixing applied to linear problems. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Calef, Matthew T.; Fichtl, Erin D.; Warsa, James S.; Berndt, Markus; Carlson, Neil N.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Calef, MT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mcalef@lanl.gov; efichtl@lanl.gov; warsa@lanl.gov; berndt@lanl.gov; nnc@lanl.gov RI Berndt, Markus/F-3185-2013; OI Berndt, Markus/0000-0001-5360-6848; Calef, Matthew/0000-0003-4701-7224 FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396. LA-UR 12-24529] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. LA-UR 12-24529 NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9991 EI 1090-2716 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 238 BP 188 EP 209 DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2012.12.024 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA 093KL UT WOS:000315190700012 ER PT J AU Minelli, M Baschetti, MG Hallinan, DT Balsara, NP AF Minelli, Matteo Baschetti, Marco Giacinti Hallinan, Daniel T., Jr. Balsara, Nitash P. TI Study of gas permeabilities through polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) copolymers SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Block-copolymer; Gas permeability; Permeation modeling ID SEGMENTED BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); PERMEATION PROPERTIES; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; TRANSPORT PROPERTIES; SOLID ELECTROLYTES; TRIBLOCK COPOLYMER; BLEND MEMBRANES; CARBON-DIOXIDE; THIN-FILMS AB Pure gas permeability through a polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer (SEO) membrane was measured between 20 and 80 degrees C. The membrane comprised alternating polystyrene (PS) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) lamellae; the average center-to-center distance between adjacent PS lamellae was 96 nm. Among the different gases considered, carbon dioxide showed the highest permeability, with values up to 200 Barrer, followed by helium, oxygen, methane and nitrogen. Gas permeability appeared to be controlled by condensability of the gas, molecular size, and molecular interactions. The melting of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) domains, which occurred between 40 and 60 degrees C, caused deviation from Arrhenius behavior. A simple model that accounts for transport through a composite composed of semi-crystalline PEO lamellae and amorphous PS lamellae was developed. Model results and experimental data agreed fairly well considering the simplicity of the approach. The model can readily be used to predict pure gas permeabilities of SEO copolymers with arbitrary morphologies and crystallinity. The crystalline PEO volume fractions inferred from the permeation data are within 15% of those determined by differential scanning calorimetry. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Minelli, Matteo; Baschetti, Marco Giacinti] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Ingn Civile Chim Ambientale & Mat DI, I-40131 Bologna, Italy. [Hallinan, Daniel T., Jr.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hallinan, Daniel T., Jr.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Baschetti, MG (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Ingn Civile Chim Ambientale & Mat DI, Via Terracini 28, I-40131 Bologna, Italy. EM marco.giacinti@unibo.it OI Hallinan, Daniel/0000-0002-3819-0992 FU Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy FX We thankfully acknowledge the assistance of Professor Andrea Saccani of DICAM, University of Bologna, for the DSC measurements. We also thank Dr. A. Evren Ozcam for helpful discussions about similar work in literature. This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231, under the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program. Scattering experiments were performed at the Advanced Light Source, a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory user facility supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy, under the same contract. NR 84 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 7 U2 76 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 432 BP 83 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.12.038 PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 094RO UT WOS:000315281700010 ER PT J AU Reed, D Coffey, G Mast, E Canfield, N Mansurov, J Lu, XC Sprenkle, V AF Reed, David Coffey, Greg Mast, Eric Canfield, Nathan Mansurov, Jirgal Lu, Xiaochuan Sprenkle, Vince TI Wetting of sodium on beta ''-Al2O3/YSZ composites for low temperature planar sodium-metal halide batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE beta ''-Al2O3; Low temperature; Na wetting; Moisture; Sn coating; Conductivity ID BETA-ALUMINA; BETA''-ALUMINA AB Wetting of Na on beta ''-Al2O3/YSZ composites was investigated using the sessile drop technique. The effects of moisture and surface preparation were studied at low temperatures. Electrical conductivity of Na/beta ''-Al2O3-YSZ/Na cells was also investigated at low temperatures and correlated to the wetting behavior. The use of planar beta ''-Al2O3 substrates at low temperature with low cost polymeric seals is realized due to improved wetting at low temperature and conductivity values consistent with the literature. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Reed, David; Coffey, Greg; Mast, Eric; Canfield, Nathan; Mansurov, Jirgal; Lu, Xiaochuan; Sprenkle, Vince] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Reed, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM david.reed@pnnl.gov FU Office Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability's storage program; Department of Energy [DE_ACS05-76RL01830] FX This work is supported by the Office Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability's storage program. PNNL is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Battelle Memorial Institute for the Department of Energy under contract DE_ACS05-76RL01830. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 227 BP 94 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.11.034 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 095BQ UT WOS:000315309900015 ER PT J AU Zheng, JM Xiao, J Xu, W Chen, XL Gu, M Li, XH Zhang, JG AF Zheng, Jianming Xiao, Jie Xu, Wu Chen, Xilin Gu, Meng Li, Xiaohong Zhang, Ji-Guang TI Surface and structural stabilities of carbon additives in high voltage lithium ion batteries SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Carbon additive; Irreversible capacity; Functional group; High voltage; Lithium ion battery; Energy storage ID ELECTROCHEMICAL INTERCALATION; LI/AIR BATTERIES; SITE DISORDER; ELECTRODE; CATHODE; CAPACITY; SPINEL; OPTIMIZATION; PERFORMANCE; GRAPHITE AB The stabilities of different conductive carbon additives have been systematically investigated in high voltage lithium ion batteries. It is found that the higher surface area of conductive additives leads to more parasitic reactions initiating from different onset voltages. A closer inspection reveals that for the low surface area carbon such as Super P, PF6- anions reversibly intercalate into carbon structure at around 4.7 V. For high surface area carbons, in addition to the electrolyte decomposition, the oxidation of functional groups at high voltage further increases the irreversible capacity and Li+ ion consumption. Coulombic efficiency, irreversible capacity and cycling stability observed by using different carbon additives are correlated with their structure and surface chemistry, thus providing information for predictive selection of carbon additives in different energy storage systems. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zheng, Jianming; Xiao, Jie; Xu, Wu; Chen, Xilin; Gu, Meng; Li, Xiaohong; Zhang, Ji-Guang] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. RP Xiao, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM jie.xiao@pnnl.gov; jiguang.zhang@pnnl.gov RI Chen, Xilin/A-1409-2012; Gu, Meng/B-8258-2013; Zheng, Jianming/F-2517-2014; OI Zheng, Jianming/0000-0002-4928-8194; Xu, Wu/0000-0002-2685-8684 FU Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231, 18769]; DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Subcontract No 18769 under the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program. Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectra measurements was conducted in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at PNNL. We thank Drs. Dehong Hu (EMSL) and Xiaolin Li (PNNL) for their help on Raman and XRD tests, respectively. NR 35 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 6 U2 176 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 227 BP 211 EP 217 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.11.038 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 095BQ UT WOS:000315309900032 ER PT J AU Liu, Z Cronin, JS Chen-Wiegart, YCK Wilson, JR Yakal-Kremski, KJ Wang, J Faber, KT Barnett, SA AF Liu, Zhao Cronin, J. Scott Chen-Wiegart, Yu-chen K. Wilson, James R. Yakal-Kremski, Kyle J. Wang, Jun Faber, Katherine T. Barnett, Scott A. TI Three-dimensional morphological measurements of LiCoO2 and LiCoO2/Li (Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O-2 lithium-ion battery cathodes SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE Lithium-ion battery; Tomography; Microstructure; Statistical analysis ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MICROSTRUCTURE; TOMOGRAPHY; NANOTOMOGRAPHY; RECONSTRUCTION; ANODE AB The three-dimensional (3D) morphologies of two types of lithium-ion battery cathodes, LiCoO2 (LCO) and LiCoO2/Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O-2 (LCO/NMC) composites, have been measured using focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM). TXM measurements were taken at X-ray energies that can provide clear contrast between LCO and NMC particles in the composite cathodes. Multiple three-dimensional image volumes were collected and statistical analyses were done to assess the accuracy and spatial variation of structural parameters including oxide volume fractions, surface areas, and particle size distributions. Comparisons of un-cycled and cycled batteries showed small changes in structure, but spatial and cell-to-cell microstructural variations, found especially in the LCO/NMC cathodes, were large enough to limit the ability to distinguish actual cycling-induced structure changes. The observation of cathode metal cations on the battery anode after cycling may explain, at least in part, the observed 30% capacity loss. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Zhao; Cronin, J. Scott; Wilson, James R.; Yakal-Kremski, Kyle J.; Faber, Katherine T.; Barnett, Scott A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Chen-Wiegart, Yu-chen K.; Wang, Jun] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Liu, Z (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM zhaoliu2015@u.northwestern.edu RI Faber, Katherine/B-6741-2009; Barnett, Scott/B-7502-2009; liu, zhao/E-3467-2013 OI liu, zhao/0000-0003-0370-2406 FU National Science Foundation Ceramics program [DMR-0907639]; MRSEC program of Northwestern University [DMR-1121262]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-12-1-0713]; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF-NSEC; NSF-MRSEC; Keck Foundation; State of Illinois; Northwestern University; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX The authors acknowledge the financial support from the National Science Foundation Ceramics program (DMR-0907639), the MRSEC program (DMR-1121262) of Northwestern University and Office of Naval Research Grant #N00014-12-1-0713. We thank Dr. Stephen J. Harris for providing battery samples studied in this report, Mr. Jiangtao Gou (Department of Statistics Northwestern Univ.) for useful suggestions in statistics, Mr. Benjamin Myer (Northwestern Univ.) and Dr. Fernando Camino (BNL) for assisting SEM imaging and the development of the sample preparation procedure using FIB-SEM. The FIB-SEM (Zeiss) was accomplished at the Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research at Argonne National Laboratory under the guidance of Dr. Dean J. Miller and Dr. Jon M. Hiller, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 by UChicago Argonne, LLC. FIB-SEM (FEI) was performed in the EPIC facility of NUANCE Center at Northwestern University. NUANCE Center is supported by NSF-NSEC, NSF-MRSEC, Keck Foundation, the State of Illinois, and Northwestern University. The X-ray nanotomography and its FIB sample preparation were carried out at Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 33 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 9 U2 187 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD APR 1 PY 2013 VL 227 BP 267 EP 274 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.11.043 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 095BQ UT WOS:000315309900039 ER PT J AU Genet, M Houmard, M Eslava, S Saiz, E Tomsia, AP AF Genet, Martin Houmard, Manuel Eslava, Salvador Saiz, Eduardo Tomsia, Antoni P. TI A two-scale Weibull approach to the failure of porous ceramic structures made by robocasting: Possibilities and limits SO JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Cellular ceramics; Fracture; Mechanical properties; Strength; Biomedical applications ID CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE SCAFFOLDS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; HYDROXYAPATITE SCAFFOLDS; EMBEDDED DISCONTINUITIES; BONE SCAFFOLDS; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE; FABRICATION; STRENGTH; LIFETIME AB This paper introduces our approach to modeling the mechanical behavior of cellular ceramics, through the example of calcium phosphate scaffolds made by robocasting for bone tissue engineering. The Weibull theory is used to deal with the scaffolds' constitutive rods statistical failure, and the Sanchez-Palencia theory of periodic homogenization is used to link the rod- and scaffold-scales. Uniaxial compression of scaffolds and three-point bending of rods were performed to calibrate and validate the model. If calibration based on rod-scale data leads to over-conservative predictions of scaffold's properties (as rods' successive failures are not taken into account), we show that, for a given rod diameter, calibration based on scaffold-scale data leads to very satisfactory predictions for a wide range of rod spacing, i.e. of scaffold porosity, as well as for different loading conditions. This work establishes the proposed model as a reliable tool for understanding and optimizing cellular ceramics' mechanical properties. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Genet, Martin; Houmard, Manuel; Tomsia, Antoni P.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA USA. [Eslava, Salvador; Saiz, Eduardo] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Adv Struct Ceram, London SW7 2AZ, England. RP Genet, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS62-0237, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mgenet@lbl.gov RI Houmard, Manuel/F-7229-2013; Genet, Martin/H-4247-2015 OI Genet, Martin/0000-0003-2204-201X FU National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIH/NIDCR) [1R01DE015633] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIH/NIDCR) Grant No. 1R01DE015633. The authors would also like to thank Ms. Grace Lau for her help in robocast scaffolds and single rods processing. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0955-2219 J9 J EUR CERAM SOC JI J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. PD APR PY 2013 VL 33 IS 4 BP 679 EP 688 DI 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2012.11.001 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 088TW UT WOS:000314861000008 PM 23439936 ER PT J AU Thanos, PK Robison, LS Robinson, JK Michaelides, M Wang, GJ Volkow, ND AF Thanos, Panayotis K. Robison, Lisa S. Robinson, John K. Michaelides, Michael Wang, Gene-Jack Volkow, Nora D. TI Obese rats with deficient leptin signaling exhibit heightened sensitivity to olfactory food cues SO SYNAPSE LA English DT Article DE novelty-seeking; food restriction; olfactory stimulus; leptin; obesity ID BINGE-EATING DISORDER; RECEPTOR MESSENGER-RNA; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTOR; ZUCKER RATS; NOVELTY-SEEKING; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; ENERGY-BALANCE; ANXIETY-LIKE; WEIGHT-LOSS AB The Zucker rat is used as a model of genetic obesity, and while Zucker rats have been well studied for their reduced sensitivity to leptin signaling and subsequent weight gain, little work has examined their responses to environmental signals that are associated with hedonic feeding. This study evaluated the effects of a high-fat food olfactory cue (bacon) in stimulating nose-poke food-seeking behavior on first exposure (novel) and after a period of access for consumption (familiar) in lean and obese Zucker rats at either 4 or 12 months of age, and under ad-lib fed (unrestricted; U) or chronically food-restricted (70% of ad-lib; R) conditions. Baseline nose-poke levels were comparable amongst all groups. At 4 months of age, only ObU rats displayed increased behavioral activation to familiar food cues. Twelve-month-old Ob rats, regardless of diet, exhibited substantially greater food-seeking behavior when exposed to both the novel and familiar olfactory cues. A strong positive correlation between body weight and nose-poke entries for the familiar food cue was observed at both ages, while this correlation for the novel food cue was significant in 12month-old rats only. Similarly, there were strong positive correlations between food intake and poke entries for the familiar food cue was observed at both ages, while this correlation for the novel food cue was significant in 12month-old rats only. Although it is possible that differences in olfactory sensitivity contribute to these behavioral effects, our findings support the interactions between food intake, obesity, and food-seeking behavior and are consistent with leptin inhibiting the brain's reactivity to food cues and suggest that the enhanced sensitivity to the food cues with leptin deficiency is likely to contribute to overeating and weight gain. Synapse, 2013. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Thanos, Panayotis K.; Robison, Lisa S.; Volkow, Nora D.] NIAAA, Lab Neuroimaging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Thanos, Panayotis K.; Robison, Lisa S.; Michaelides, Michael; Wang, Gene-Jack] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Med, Behav Neuropharmacol & Neuroimaging Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Thanos, Panayotis K.; Robison, Lisa S.; Robinson, John K.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY 11790 USA. RP Thanos, PK (reprint author), NIAAA, Lab Neuroimaging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM thanos@bnl.gov RI Michaelides, Michael/K-4736-2013 OI Michaelides, Michael/0000-0003-0398-4917 FU NIAAA [AA11034, AA07574, AA07611]; SULI program; IRTA program FX Contract grant sponsor: NIAAA; Contract grant numbers: AA11034, AA07574, AA07611; Contract grant sponsors: SULI and IRTA programs NR 58 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0887-4476 J9 SYNAPSE JI Synapse PD APR PY 2013 VL 67 IS 4 BP 171 EP 178 DI 10.1002/syn.21627 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 093BU UT WOS:000315167500002 PM 23172699 ER PT J AU Mitri, FG AF Mitri, F. G. TI Radiation force of acoustical tweezers on a sphere: The case of a high-order Bessel beam of quasi-standing waves of variable half-cone angles (vol 71, pg 470, 2010) SO APPLIED ACOUSTICS LA English DT Correction C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Acoust & Sensors Technol Team, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mitri, FG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Acoust & Sensors Technol Team, MPA 11,MS D429, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mitri@lanl.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-682X J9 APPL ACOUST JI Appl. Acoust. PD APR PY 2013 VL 74 IS 4 BP 628 EP 628 DI 10.1016/j.apacoust.2012.11.001 PG 1 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 083CT UT WOS:000314441000021 ER PT J AU Gu, YJ Chen, LQ Heo, TW Sandoval, L Belak, J AF Gu, Yijia Chen, Long-Qing Heo, Tae Wook Sandoval, Luis Belak, James TI Phase field model of deformation twinning in tantalum: Parameterization via molecular dynamics SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Deformation structure; Twinning; Phase-field model; Molecular dynamics ID ATOMISTIC SIMULATION; EVOLUTION; METALS AB We present a phase field model to simulate the microstructure evolution during deformation twinning in tantalum. An order parameter, proportional to the shear strain, is employed to monitor the twinning process. The evolution of the order parameter is governed by a time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation, the parameters of which are determined by molecular dynamics with a model-generalized pseudopotential-theory potential. The twinning process is studied under a number of deformation conditions, and compared with the molecular dynamics counterpart. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gu, Yijia; Chen, Long-Qing; Heo, Tae Wook] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sandoval, Luis; Belak, James] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Sandoval, L (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM sandoval28@llnl.gov RI Gu, Yijia/A-6418-2013; Sandoval, Luis/B-2221-2009; Chen, LongQing/I-7536-2012 OI Gu, Yijia/0000-0001-8036-6309; Sandoval, Luis/0000-0002-1172-7972; Chen, LongQing/0000-0003-3359-3781 FU US Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-581392)]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0710483]; NSF Major Research Instrumentation Program [OCI-0821527]; Materials Simulation Center; Graduated Education and Research Service at Pennsylvania State University FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Ming Tang, Robert Rudd, Michael Surh and David Richards for fruitful discussions. This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-581392) and the National Science Foundation under grant number DMR-0710483. The phase-field simulations were carried out on the LION and Cyberstar clusters at Pennsylvania State University, supported in part by NSF Major Research Instrumentation Program through grant number OCI-0821527, and in part by the Materials Simulation Center and the Graduated Education and Research Service at Pennsylvania State University. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 61 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 68 IS 7 BP 451 EP 454 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.11.022 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 087CW UT WOS:000314739900003 ER PT J AU Cai, S Ren, Y Kay, LE AF Cai, S. Ren, Y. Kay, L. E. TI < 2 1 0 > Texture in two cold-drawn beta Ti alloys SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE Beta III Ti; Ti-15Mo; < 2 1 0 > Texture; Stress-induced phase transformation ID STRESS-INDUCED TRANSFORMATIONS; SPINAL FIXATION APPLICATIONS; CHANGEABLE YOUNGS MODULUS; TENSILE PROPERTIES; DEFORMATION MODES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; III TITANIUM; MO ALLOYS; PHASE; STABILITY AB Synchrotron X-ray diffraction was used to measure the textures in two heavily cold-drawn beta Ti alloys (i.e. beta III Ti alloy and Ti-15Mo alloy). Instead of the well-known < 1 1 0 >beta texture, the < 2 1 0 >beta texture was found in the cold-drawn condition along with a strong < 11-22 >omega texture. The cause of the < 2 1 0 > texture in the beta phase is possibly related to the stress-induced omega phase transformation during the cold-drawing process. (C) 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cai, S.; Kay, L. E.] Ft Wayne Met Res Prod Corp, Ft Wayne, IN 46809 USA. [Ren, Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Cai, S (reprint author), Ft Wayne Met Res Prod Corp, 9609 Ardmore Ave, Ft Wayne, IN 46809 USA. EM song_cai@fwmetals.com FU Fort Wayne Metals management FX Experiments were carried out on beamline 11-ID-C at the APS at Argonne National Laboratory. The data analysis was performed using FIT2D and Maud software. S.C. thanks Professor M.R. Daymond for numerous instructive discussions, and acknowledges his colleagues P. Sims and D.M. Bailey for making the wire sample. The support from Fort Wayne Metals management on this project is greatly appreciated. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6462 J9 SCRIPTA MATER JI Scr. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 68 IS 7 BP 518 EP 521 DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2012.11.040 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 087CW UT WOS:000314739900020 ER PT J AU Lin, X Bud'ko, SL Thimmaiah, S Canfield, PC AF Lin, Xiao Bud'ko, Sergey L. Thimmaiah, Srinivasa Canfield, Paul C. TI Anisotropic magnetization, resistivity and heat capacity of single crystalline R3Ni2-xSn7 (R=La, Ce, Pr and Nd) SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Rare-earth compound; Single crystal; Magnetization; Resistivity; Specific heat; Metamagnetic transition ID LA-ND; SM; STANNIDES; CE3NI2SN7; SERIES; LU; SN AB We present a detailed study of R3Ni2-xSn7 (R=La, Ce, Pr and Nd) single crystals by measurements of crystal structure, stoichiometry, temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, electrical resistivity, magnetoresistance, and specific heat. This series forms with partial Ni occupancy with x varying from similar to 0.1 for R=La to similar to 0.7 for R=Nd. The electrical resistivity of this series follows metallic behavior at high temperatures. Determination of clear anisotropies as well as antiferromagnetic ordering temperatures for R3Ni2-xSn7 (R=Ce, Pr and Nd) have been made. For P3Ni1.56Sn7 and Nd3Ni1.34Sn7, multiple magnetic transitions take place upon cooling. Metamagnetic transitions in this family (R=Ce, Pr and Nd) were detected for applied magnetic fields below 70 kOe. An H-T phase diagram of Ce3Ni1.69Sn7 was assembled to shed light on its low field properties and to rule out possible quantum critical effects. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lin, Xiao; Bud'ko, Sergey L.; Canfield, Paul C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Lin, Xiao; Bud'ko, Sergey L.; Thimmaiah, Srinivasa; Canfield, Paul C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Thimmaiah, Srinivasa] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lin, X (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM xiaolin@iastate.edu RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 FU AFOSR-MURI [FA9550-09-1-0603]; US DOE [DE-AC02-07CH 11358] FX We thank W.E. Straszheim for his assistance with the elemental analysis of the samples and S. Kim for her critical reading of the text. This work was carried out at the Iowa State University and supported by the AFOSR-MURI Grant no. FA9550-09-1-0603 (X. Lin and P.C. Canfield). Part of this work was performed at Ames Laboratory, US DOE, under Contract no. DE-AC02-07CH 11358 (S.L. Bud'ko and S. Thimmaiah). NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 331 BP 53 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2012.11.011 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 072PJ UT WOS:000313684400010 ER PT J AU Monson, TC Venturini, EL Petkov, V Ren, Y Lavin, JM Huber, DL AF Monson, Todd C. Venturini, Eugene L. Petkov, Valeri Ren, Yang Lavin, Judith M. Huber, Dale L. TI Large enhancements of magnetic anisotropy in oxide-free iron nanoparticles SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Iron; Nanoparticle; Superparamagnetism; Anisotropy; Pair distribution function ID CRITICAL SLOWING-DOWN; DYNAMICS; PROGRAM; SYSTEM; FE AB Magnetic characterization of spherical, oxide-free, bcc iron nanoparticles synthesized with beta-diketone surfactants has been performed. The results of this characterization, which included particles with diameters ranging between 2 and 5 nm show that the nanoparticles have an average anisotropy of 1.9x10(6)+/- 0.3x10(6) J/m(3), which is more than an order of magnitude greater than the magnetocrystal-line anisotropy of bulk iron. Despite their unusually large anisotropy, these particles can have saturation magnetizations of up to 210 A m(2)/kg (slightly lower than bulk iron). High-energy X-ray diffraction data indicates that the Fe particles have a distorted bcc lattice, which could, at least in part, explain the magnetic behavior of these nanoparticles. Dipolar coupling between particles, while present, is weak and cannot account for the high anisotropy of these nanoparticles. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Monson, Todd C.; Venturini, Eugene L.; Lavin, Judith M.; Huber, Dale L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Petkov, Valeri] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. [Ren, Yang] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Huber, DL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM dlhuber@sandia.gov RI Huber, Dale/A-6006-2008; OI Huber, Dale/0000-0001-6872-8469; Monson, Todd/0000-0002-9782-7084 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors are grateful to P. Provencio for her assistance with electron microscopy and J. Hatch along with B. Frankamp for their assistance in sample preparation. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This work was supported by the Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD APR PY 2013 VL 331 BP 156 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2012.11.026 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 072PJ UT WOS:000313684400029 ER PT J AU Fata, SN AF Fata, S. Nintcheu TI Boundary integral approximation of volume potentials in three-dimensional linear elasticity SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE Domain integral; Newton potential; Lame equation; Boundary element method; Elastostatics ID RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS; DOMAIN INTEGRALS; EXPLICIT EXPRESSIONS; ELEMENT METHOD AB A systematic treatment of volume potentials appearing in a boundary integral equation formulation of the three-dimensional Lame equation is rigorously investigated and its usefulness demonstrated in the context of a collocation boundary element method. Developed to effectively deal with volume potentials without a volume-fitted mesh, the proposed approach initially converts elastic volume potentials, defined in the form of domain integrals featuring a non-trivial body force, into equivalent surface integrals. Then, the resulting boundary integrals are evaluated by means of well-established cubature methods. Details of these domain-to-boundary integral transformations are provided along with some examples to show the correctness of the calculation of the elastic Newton potential. Moreover, with the aid of an analytic integration technique developed to accurately compute singular surface integrals in linear elasticity, numerical examples dealing with mixed boundary-value problems for the three-dimensional Lame equation are included to validate the proposed approach. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Fata, SN (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, POB 2008,MS 6367, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM snintcheu@gmail.com FU Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC FX This work was partially supported by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, US Department of Energy, under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0427 J9 J COMPUT APPL MATH JI J. Comput. Appl. Math. PD APR PY 2013 VL 242 BP 275 EP 284 DI 10.1016/j.cam.2012.09.043 PG 10 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 068UD UT WOS:000313390800017 ER PT J AU Gardner, TH Spivey, JJ Kugler, EL Pakhare, D AF Gardner, Todd H. Spivey, James J. Kugler, Edwin L. Pakhare, Devendra TI CH4-CO2 reforming over Ni-substituted barium hexaaluminate catalysts SO APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL LA English DT Article DE Ni-substituted hexaaluminate; Methane dry reforming; Syngas; Carbon dioxide; Green house gas ID MOLYBDENUM CARBIDE CATALYSTS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SYNTHESIS GAS; PARTIAL OXIDATION; STRUCTURAL FEATURES; NI/AL2O3 CATALYST; METHANE; CO2; METAL; CH4 AB A series of Ni-substituted barium hexaaluminate catalysts, Ba0.75NiyAl12-yO19-delta (y = 0.4, 0.6 and 1.0), were tested for CO2 reforming of CH4 at temperatures between 200 and 900 degrees C. Temperature programmed surface reaction results show that the reaction lights-off in a temperature range between 448 and 503 degrees C with a consistent decrease in light-off temperature with increasing Ni substitution. Isothermal runs performed at 900 degrees C show near equilibrium conversion and stable product concentrations for 18 h on all catalysts. Temperature programmed oxidation of the used catalysts show that the amount of carbon deposited on the catalyst increases with Ni substitution. High resolution XRD of the used Ba0.75Ni0.4Al11.6O19-delta catalyst shows a statistically significant contraction of the unit cell which is the result of NiO reduction from the lattice. XRD of the used catalyst also confirms the presence of graphitic carbon. XPS and ICP measurements of the as prepared catalysts show that lower levels of Ni substitution result in an increasing proportion of Ba at the surface. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gardner, Todd H.; Kugler, Edwin L.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Spivey, James J.; Pakhare, Devendra] Louisiana State Univ, Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Kugler, Edwin L.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Gardner, TH (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 3610 Collins Ferry Rd,POB 880, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. EM Todd.Gardner@NETL.DOE.GOV; JJSpivey@LSU.EDU; Edwin.Kugler@MAIL.WVU.EDU; DPakha1@TIGERS.LSU.EDU NR 84 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 9 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-860X J9 APPL CATAL A-GEN JI Appl. Catal. A-Gen. PD MAR 30 PY 2013 VL 455 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.apcata.2013.01.029 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 136VM UT WOS:000318391500016 ER PT J AU Thomas, DG Chun, J Chen, Z Wei, GW Baker, NA AF Thomas, Dennis G. Chun, Jaehun Chen, Zhan Wei, Guowei Baker, Nathan A. TI Parameterization of a geometric flow implicit solvation model SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE solvation; continuum; implicit; geometric flow; parameterization; partial differential equation ID FREE-ENERGIES; SOLVENT MODELS; SURFACE-AREA; PROTEINS; FORCES; LIQUIDS; ENTROPY; VAN AB Implicit solvent models are popular for their high computational efficiency and simplicity over explicit solvent models and are extensively used for computing molecular solvation properties. The accuracy of implicit solvent models depends on the geometric description of the solute-solvent interface and the solvent dielectric profile that is defined near the surface of the solute molecule. Typically, it is assumed that the dielectric profile is spatially homogeneous in the bulk solvent medium and varies sharply across the solute-solvent interface. However, the specific form of this profile is often described by ad hoc geometric models rather than physical solute-solvent interactions. Hence, it is of significant interest to improve the accuracy of these implicit solvent models by more realistically defining the solute-solvent boundary within a continuum setting. Recently, a differential geometry-based geometric flow solvation model was developed, in which the polar and nonpolar free energies are coupled through a characteristic function that describes a smooth dielectric interface profile across the solventsolute boundary in a thermodynamically self-consistent fashion. The main parameters of the model are the solute/solvent dielectric coefficients, solvent pressure on the solute, microscopic surface tension, solvent density, and molecular force-field parameters. In this work, we investigate how changes in the pressure, surface tension, solute dielectric coefficient, and choice of different force-field charge and radii parameters affect the prediction accuracy for hydration free energies of 17 small organic molecules based on the geometric flow solvation model. The results of our study provide insights on the parameterization, accuracy, and predictive power of this new implicit solvent model. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Thomas, Dennis G.; Baker, Nathan A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat & Stat Analyt Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Chun, Jaehun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Chen, Zhan] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Sch Math, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Wei, Guowei] Michigan State Univ, Dept Math, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Thomas, DG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat & Stat Analyt Div, POB 999,MSID K7-28, Richland, WA 99352 USA. EM nathan.baker@pnnl.gov RI Baker, Nathan/A-8605-2010 OI Baker, Nathan/0000-0002-5892-6506 FU NIH [R01 GM069702, R01 GM090208] FX Contract/grant sponsor: NIH; Contract/grant number: R01 GM069702; and R01 GM090208. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD MAR 30 PY 2013 VL 34 IS 8 BP 687 EP 695 DI 10.1002/jcc.23181 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 094YZ UT WOS:000315302900009 PM 23212974 ER PT J AU Carotenuto, G Kumar, A Miller, J Mukasyan, A Santacesaria, E Wolf, EE AF Carotenuto, G. Kumar, A. Miller, J. Mukasyan, A. Santacesaria, E. Wolf, E. E. TI Hydrogen production by ethanol decomposition and partial oxidation over copper/copper-chromite based catalysts prepared by combustion synthesis SO CATALYSIS TODAY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th European Workshop Meeting on Selective Oxidation CY AUG 28-SEP 02, 2011 CL Glasgow, ENGLAND DE Copper chromite; Copper; Ethanol; Partial oxidation ID BIOMASS-DERIVED ETHANOL; FUEL-CELL APPLICATIONS; NI-BASED CATALYSTS; BIO-ETHANOL; THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS; COPPER CHROMITE; OXIDE CATALYSTS; METAL-CATALYSTS; ACETIC-ACID; FT-IR AB The catalytic generation by ethanol decomposition and partial oxidation over copper-chromite and copper-zinc catalyst supported on alumina has been investigated. The catalysts have been prepared by the method of combustion synthesis, characterized by a fast heating rate and a short reaction time, leading to increase catalyst porosity and total surface area. The catalytic activity and selectivity have been investigated without O-2 and under various O-2 and C2H5OH molar ratio in the temperature range up to 500 degrees C. It was found that copper chromite supported on alumina shows the best activity and hydrogen selectivity during ethanol decomposition. The selectivity decreased during partial oxidation but with a low O-2/EtOH = 0.6 molar ratio at 300 degrees C, a hydrogen rich mixture (35-40%) was obtained. The use of relatively low amount of oxygen is necessary to reduce coke formation, which causes catalyst deactivation. The catalysts were characterized by ex situ methods such as XRD, BET, XPS, and in situ EXAFS and FTIR with the aim to evaluate their physico-chemical properties and to correlate them with the catalysts performance. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Carotenuto, G.; Santacesaria, E.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Chim, IT-80126 Naples, Italy. [Kumar, A.; Mukasyan, A.; Wolf, E. E.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Miller, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Santacesaria, E (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Chim, Via Cinthia,Complesso Univ Monte S Angelo, IT-80126 Naples, Italy. EM elio.santacesaria@unina.it RI Mukasyan, Alexander/K-1784-2013; BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011; OI Mukasyan, Alexander/0000-0001-8866-0043; Kumar, Anand/0000-0003-1378-4986 FU NSF [0730190]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science (DOE-BES-SC) [W-31-109-Eng-38]; DOE-BES-SC [DE-FG02-94ER45525, DE-FG02-96ER45589]; University of Naples FX We gratefully acknowledge the funding from NSF Grant 0730190 for partial support of this work (AK, AM, and EEW), Dr. Jeff Miller from Agonne National Lab. for the XANES studies. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science (DOE-BES-SC), under Contract no. W-31-109-Eng-38. The MR-CAT is funded by the member institutions and DOE-BES-SC under contracts DE-FG02-94ER45525 and DE-FG02-96ER45589, and University of Naples for support of GC. NR 72 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 68 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-5861 EI 1873-4308 J9 CATAL TODAY JI Catal. Today PD MAR 30 PY 2013 VL 203 BP 163 EP 175 DI 10.1016/j.cattod.2012.05.022 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 088HR UT WOS:000314825300026 ER PT J AU Singh, SP Montgomery, BL AF Singh, Shailendra P. Montgomery, Beronda L. TI Salinity impacts photosynthetic pigmentation and cellular morphology changes by distinct mechanisms in Fremyella diplosiphon SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Cellular morphology; Cyanobacteria; Oxidative stress; Osmotic stress; Photosynthetic pigments; Salinity ID COMPLEMENTARY CHROMATIC ADAPTATION; SALT ACCLIMATION; CYANOBACTERIA; STRESS; LIGHT; SYNECHOCYSTIS; COLOR; PHYCOBILIPROTEINS; PHYCOBILISOMES; BIOSYNTHESIS AB Fremyella diplosiphon is a freshwater cyanobacterium that exhibits complementary chromatic adaptation (CCA), which allows the organism to alter its pigmentation and cellular morphology to maximally harvest available green light (GL) and red light (RL) at different depth levels in its aquatic ecosystem. We tested the effect of salinity on CCA-associated pigment and morphological changes in F. diplosiphon. Sodium chloride (NaCl) salt at a concentration of 200 mM was found to maximally inhibit growth, chlorophyll levels, and accumulation of phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC) under GL and RL, respectively. NaCl also affected cellular morphology resulting in a larger cell size under both light conditions. Cell length decreased while width increased under GL in the presence of salt, and both cell length and width were increased under RL with salt. The addition of osmoprotectant glycine betaine (GB) to the growth medium in the presence of salt resulted in a reversion of the morphology to that of cells growing in the absence of salt, whereas GB treatment in the presence of salt did not have a major effect on growth or on PE and PC biosynthesis or accumulation. Thus, salt affects cellular morphology due to osmotic stress, while pigmentation is likely affected by ionic toxicity. Understanding the distinct mechanisms of salt-mediated changes on pigmentation and morphology may increase the suitability of strains such as F. diplosiphon, which harbor pigments that allow growth in low light and shaded environments, for adaptation as energy strains. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Singh, Shailendra P.; Montgomery, Beronda L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Energy, Plant Res Lab, Plant Biol Labs, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Montgomery, Beronda L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Montgomery, BL (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Plant Biol Labs, MSU DOE Plant Res Lab, 612 Wilson Rd,Room 106, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM montg133@msu.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy (Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science) [DE-FG02-91ER20021]; CAREER award from the National Science Foundation [MCB-0643516]; National Science Foundation [MCB-0919100]; Professorial Assistantship Program of the Honors College at Michigan State University FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, Grant No. DE-FG02-91ER20021 to B.L.M.). Support for Shailendra P. Singh was from a CAREER award from the National Science Foundation (Grant No. MCB-0643516 to B.L.M.). We thank Britney Robinson, for whom funding was from the National Science Foundation (Grant no. MCB-0919100 to B.L.M.) and Haley Miller, for whom funding was provided by the Professorial Assistantship Program of the Honors College at Michigan State University, for technical assistance. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAR 29 PY 2013 VL 433 IS 1 BP 84 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.02.060 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 123FY UT WOS:000317375000015 PM 23454384 ER PT J AU Chang, YJ Khalsa, G Moreschini, L Walter, AL Bostwick, A Horn, K MacDonald, AH Rotenberg, E AF Chang, Young Jun Khalsa, Guru Moreschini, Luca Walter, Andrew L. Bostwick, Aaron Horn, Karsten MacDonald, A. H. Rotenberg, Eli TI Uniaxial strain induced band splitting in semiconducting SrTiO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; FILMS; INTERFACES AB We use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to study the influence of mechanically induced uniaxial strain on the electronic structure of the oxide semiconductor SrTiO3. We observe an orbital splitting between the Ti 3d(yz) and 3d(xy) bands, which are degenerate when unperturbed. Using the k center dot p method, we qualitatively explain the direction and the size of the observed energy splitting. Our comprehensive understanding of band splitting explains the strain induced mobility enhancement of electron-doped SrTiO3(3) in terms of band degeneracy breaking and reduced interband scattering. Our approach can be extended to differently strained oxide systems. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115212 C1 [Chang, Young Jun; Moreschini, Luca; Walter, Andrew L.; Bostwick, Aaron; Rotenberg, Eli] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chang, Young Jun; Walter, Andrew L.; Horn, Karsten] Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, Dept Phys Chem, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Chang, Young Jun] Univ Seoul, Dept Phys, Seoul 130743, South Korea. [Khalsa, Guru; MacDonald, A. H.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Chang, YJ (reprint author), EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, ALS, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM yjchang@uos.ac.kr RI Bostwick, Aaron/E-8549-2010; Chang, Young Jun/N-3440-2014; Walter, Andrew/B-9235-2011; Rotenberg, Eli/B-3700-2009 OI Chang, Young Jun/0000-0001-5538-0643; Rotenberg, Eli/0000-0002-3979-8844 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Max Planck Society; National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2012R1A1A2043619]; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [PBELP2-125484]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [DGE-0549417]; NSF [DMR-1122603] FX The ALS is supported by the director of the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Y.J.C., A. L. W., and K. H. acknowledge the support by the Max Planck Society. Y.J.C. acknowledges support from National Research Foundation of Korea under Grant No. NRF-2012R1A1A2043619. L. M. acknowledges support by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF, Project No. PBELP2-125484). G. K. acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. DGE-0549417 and G. K. and A. H. M. acknowledge support under NSF Grant No. DMR-1122603. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 60 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 29 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 11 AR 115212 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115212 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117EB UT WOS:000316934300005 ER PT J AU Fischer, R Jarmola, A Kehayias, P Budker, D AF Fischer, Ran Jarmola, Andrey Kehayias, Pauli Budker, Dmitry TI Optical polarization of nuclear ensembles in diamond SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ELECTRON SPIN; SOLID-STATE; RELAXATION; MEMORY AB We report polarization of a dense nuclear-spin ensemble in diamond and its dependence on magnetic field and temperature. The polarization method is based on the transfer of electron spin polarization of negatively charged nitrogen vacancy (NV) color centers to the nuclear spins via the excited-state level anticrossing of the center. We polarize 90% of the N-14 nuclear spins within the NV centers, and 70% of the proximal C-13 nuclear spins with hyperfine interaction strength of 13-14 MHz. Magnetic-field dependence of the polarization reveals a sharp decrease in polarization at specific field values corresponding to cross relaxation with substitutional nitrogen centers, while temperature dependence of the polarization reveals that high polarization persists down to 50 K. This work enables polarization of the C-13 in bulk diamond, which is of interest in applications of nuclear magnetic resonance, in quantum memories of hybrid quantum devices, and in sensing. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.125207 C1 [Fischer, Ran] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Jarmola, Andrey; Kehayias, Pauli; Budker, Dmitry] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jarmola, Andrey] Univ Latvia, Laser Ctr, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia. [Budker, Dmitry] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Fischer, R (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. EM rfischer@techunix.technion.ac.il; budker@berkeley.edu RI Budker, Dmitry/F-7580-2016; OI Budker, Dmitry/0000-0002-7356-4814; Kehayias, Pauli/0000-0002-7597-4358 FU AFOSR/DARPA QuASAR program; NSF; IMOD; NATO SFP program; Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science; ERAF [2010/0242/2DP/2.1.1.1.0/10/APIA/VIAA/036]; DOE SCGF FX The authors thank M. Ledbetter, V. Acosta, N. Manson, P. London, P. Hemmer, M. Doherty, and D. English for useful discussions. This work has been supported in part by the AFOSR/DARPA QuASAR program, NSF, IMOD, and by the NATO SFP program. D. B. is grateful for the support by the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science. A.J. acknowledges support from the ERAF project No. 2010/0242/2DP/2.1.1.1.0/10/APIA/VIAA/036. P. K. acknowledges support from the DOE SCGF. NR 32 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 48 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 29 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 12 AR 125207 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.125207 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117DN UT WOS:000316932400004 ER PT J AU Ma, J Wei, SH AF Ma, Jie Wei, Su-Huai TI Chemical trend of the formation energies of the group-III and group-V dopants in Si quantum dots SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE EXCITON GENERATION; SILICON NANOCRYSTALS; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; DOPED SILICON; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; LUMINESCENCE; NANOWIRES; NANOPARTICLES; PHOSPHORUS; EFFICIENT AB Doping behavior in quantum dots (QDs) differs from that in the bulk. Despite many efforts, the doping properties are still not fully understood. Using first-principles methods, we have calculated the formation energies of various group-III acceptors and group-V donors doping at all nonequivalent sites in a Si QD (Si147H100). To analyze the trend of the formation energy, we decompose it into two terms: the unrelaxed formation energy (chemical energy) and the relaxation energy. We find that the unrelaxed formation energy generally increases as the dopant moves from the center of the QD to the surface. The variation of the unrelaxed formation energy in the surface region is explained by the variation of the local potential of the QD and the size effect. The relaxation energy gain increases as the size mismatch between the dopant and Si atom increases. Generally, the relaxation effect becomes more significant as the dopant moves toward the surface of the QD. The trend of the formation energy is determined by the two terms discussed above. If the size mismatch between the dopant and the Si atom is small, the trend of the formation energy generally follows that of the unrelaxed formation energy, increasing as the dopant moves from the center to the surface; thus, these dopants have a better chance of staying in the core region. On the other hand, if the size mismatch is large, the relaxation effect dominates and the formation energy decreases, which indicates these dopants cannot enter the core region under equilibrium growth conditions. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115318 C1 [Ma, Jie; Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ma, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 29 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 11 AR 115318 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115318 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117EB UT WOS:000316934300006 ER PT J AU Ma, J Wei, SH AF Ma, Jie Wei, Su-Huai TI Electron-limiting defect complex in hyperdoped GaAs: The DDX center SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID III-V SEMICONDUCTORS; DX CENTERS; LATTICE-RELAXATION; ALXGA1-XAS ALLOYS; DONOR AB The physical properties and chemical trends of defects in GaAs under the hyperdoping situation are investigated and found to be very different from those in the impurity limit. We show that at high dopant concentrations, a defect complex denoted as the DDX center becomes the dominant "killer" to limit the electron carrier concentration, whereas in the impurity limit, the electron carrier concentration is usually limited by the well-known DX center. The DDX center shows some opposite chemical trends compared to the DX center. For example, to avoid the DX center, anion site donors are preferred, but to avoid the DDX center, cation site donors are better. Our proposed mechanism is able to explain some puzzling experimental observations. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115210 C1 [Ma, Jie; Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Ma, J (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX We would like to thank Dr. R Bacewicz, J. Li, W.-J. Yin, and Y. Yan for helpful discussions. The work at NREL was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 29 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 11 AR 115210 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115210 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 117EB UT WOS:000316934300003 ER PT J AU Creamean, JM Suski, KJ Rosenfeld, D Cazorla, A DeMott, PJ Sullivan, RC White, AB Ralph, FM Minnis, P Comstock, JM Tomlinson, JM Prather, KA AF Creamean, Jessie M. Suski, Kaitlyn J. Rosenfeld, Daniel Cazorla, Alberto DeMott, Paul J. Sullivan, Ryan C. White, Allen B. Ralph, F. Martin Minnis, Patrick Comstock, Jennifer M. Tomlinson, Jason M. Prather, Kimberly A. TI Dust and Biological Aerosols from the Sahara and Asia Influence Precipitation in the Western U.S. SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC ICE NUCLEI; OROGRAPHIC ENHANCEMENT; AIR-POLLUTION; LIQUID WATER; MIXED-PHASE; CLOUD; PARTICLES; CLIMATE; SPECTROMETER; SUPPRESSION AB Winter storms in California's Sierra Nevada increase seasonal snowpack and provide critical water resources and hydropower for the state. Thus, the mechanisms influencing precipitation in this region have been the subject of research for decades. Previous studies suggest Asian dust enhances cloud ice and precipitation, whereas few studies consider biological aerosols as an important global source of ice nuclei (IN). Here, we show that dust and biological aerosols transported from as far as the Sahara were present in glaciated high-altitude clouds coincident with elevated IN concentrations and ice-induced precipitation. This study presents the first direct cloud and precipitation measurements showing that Saharan and Asian dust and biological aerosols probably serve as IN and play an important role in orographic precipitation processes over the western United States. C1 [Creamean, Jessie M.; Suski, Kaitlyn J.; Cazorla, Alberto; Prather, Kimberly A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Rosenfeld, Daniel] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [DeMott, Paul J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Sullivan, Ryan C.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Atmospher Particle Studies, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [White, Allen B.; Ralph, F. Martin] NOAA, PSD, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Ralph, F. Martin; Prather, Kimberly A.] Univ Calif San Diego, SIO, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Minnis, Patrick] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Comstock, Jennifer M.; Tomlinson, Jason M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Prather, KA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM kprather@ucsd.edu RI Sullivan, Ryan/B-4674-2008; DeMott, Paul/C-4389-2011; Tomlinson, Jason/C-6566-2009; Rosenfeld, Daniel/F-6077-2016; Minnis, Patrick/G-1902-2010; OI Sullivan, Ryan/0000-0003-0701-7158; DeMott, Paul/0000-0002-3719-1889; Rosenfeld, Daniel/0000-0002-0784-7656; Minnis, Patrick/0000-0002-4733-6148; Creamean, Jessie/0000-0003-3819-5600 FU California Energy Commission [CEC 500-09-043]; Atmospheric System Research (ASR)/U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) program; ASR/DOE program [DE-SC0000991/003]; NASA MAPS Program FX Funding was provided by the California Energy Commission under contract CEC 500-09-043. D. R. was funded under the Atmospheric System Research (ASR)/U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) program. P. M. was supported by the ASR/DOE program under DE-SC0000991/003 and the NASA MAPS Program. J. Mayer, E. Fitzgerald, D. Collins, and J. Cahill provided assistance with UCSD/SIO equipment setup. The authors gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and READY website (www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.php) used in this publication and the Office of Naval Research for provision of NAAPS data. J. Ayers and R. Palikonda (Science Systems and Applications) provided GOES-11 cloud top heights used for HYSPLIT back trajectory analysis and %Ice in cloud. The deployment of the NOAA and UCSD/SIO equipment at the Sugar Pine site involved many field staff, particularly C. King (NOAA/ESRL/PSD). The deployment of the DOE Gulfstream-1 involved many PNNL/Atmospheric Radiation Measurement field staff, particularly E. Dukes, J. Hubbe, C. Kluzek, H. Jonsson, M. Pekour, and B. Schmid. M. Hubbell and B. Svancara flew the G-1 for the CalWater flight campaign. D. Collins and R. Spackman provided insightful discussions during the editing stages of this manuscript. T. Lersch of R. J. Lee provided TEM analyses of collected IN. Data available in this paper are available in the supplementary materials. NR 44 TC 140 Z9 142 U1 13 U2 251 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 29 PY 2013 VL 339 IS 6127 BP 1572 EP 1578 DI 10.1126/science.1227279 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 114HL UT WOS:000316731600040 PM 23449996 ER PT J AU Scullard, CR Jacobsen, JL AF Scullard, Christian R. Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke TI Potts critical frontiers of inhomogeneous and asymmetric bow-tie lattices SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL LA English DT Article ID MODEL PARTITION-FUNCTIONS; SQUARE-LATTICE; ANTIFERROMAGNETIC TRANSITION; TRANSFER-MATRICES; FUNCTION ZEROS; TRANSFORMATION; PERCOLATION; STRIPS; PHASE AB We study the critical frontiers of the Potts model on two-dimensional bow-tie lattices with fully inhomogeneous coupling constants. Generally, for the Potts critical frontier to be found exactly, the underlying lattice must be a three-uniform hypergraph. A more general class of lattices are the four-uniform ones, with unit cells contained within four boundary vertices. We demonstrate that in some cases, such lattices can be decomposed into triangular cells, and solved using a modification of standard techniques. This leads to the exact inhomogeneous Potts critical frontiers on various lattices, such as the bow-tie lattice with five different couplings, and critical points for asymmetric bow-tie lattices. C1 [Scullard, Christian R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke] Ecole Normale Super, LPTENS, F-75231 Paris, France. [Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke] Univ Paris 06, F-75252 Paris, France. RP Scullard, CR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM scullard1@llnl.gov; jesper.jacobsen@ens.fr RI Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke/B-7797-2013 OI Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke/0000-0002-7615-2874 FU Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-10-BLAN-0414]; Institut Universitaire de France; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX CRS thanks Robert Ziff, John Wierman and Matthew Sedlock for the collaboration that led to this work. The work of JLJ was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (grant ANR-10-BLAN-0414: DIME) and the Institut Universitaire de France. This work was partially performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract no. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1751-8113 J9 J PHYS A-MATH THEOR JI J. Phys. A-Math. Theor. PD MAR 29 PY 2013 VL 46 IS 12 AR 125006 DI 10.1088/1751-8113/46/12/125006 PG 11 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 105HT UT WOS:000316058200006 ER PT J AU Feibelman, PJ AF Feibelman, Peter J. TI Viscosity of Ultrathin Water Films Confined between Aluminol Surfaces of Kaolinite: Ab Initio Simulations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; HYDROPHILIC SURFACES; FORCE MICROSCOPY; LATTICE MATCH; BASIS-SET; LIQUID; ICE; LAYER AB Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of water confined between kaolinite walls were conducted in an effort to make contact with experiments implying dramatic viscosity enhancement for water in nanometer-scale, hydrophilic channels. An earlier ground-state structural optimization of a single water layer on a flat kaolinite(001) surface had yielded a molecular arrangement, which, by appearing hydrophobic to subsequent layers, suggested the possibility of very low flow resistance. Well above the freezing point, however, and under shear, the surface became hydrophilic, as a percentage of first-layer water molecules flipped to expose dangling hydroxyls. This led to simulated steady-state velocity fields consistent with a "no-slip" boundary condition and viscous flow. The magnitude of the viscosity derived from the simulations, only a few times that of bulk water, does not lend theoretical weight to the notion of dramatic enhancement under nanoconfinement. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Feibelman, PJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM pjfeibe@sandia.gov FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering; US Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX Discussions with Gary Grest, Christian Lorenz, and Thomas R. Mattsson are gratefully acknowledged. VASP was originally developed at the Institut fur Theoretische Physik of the Technische Universitat Wien and is under continuing development in the Physics Department of the Universitat Wien, Austria. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Work performed at Sandia was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed-Martin Company, for the US Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 34 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 117 IS 12 BP 6088 EP 6095 DI 10.1021/jp312152h PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 118NL UT WOS:000317032100010 ER PT J AU Haria, NR Grest, GS Lorenz, CD AF Haria, Neil R. Grest, Gary S. Lorenz, Christian D. TI Viscosity of Nanoconfined Water between Hydroxyl Basal Surfaces of Kaolinite: Classical Simulation Results SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ADSORPTION; MODELS; LAYER AB Whereas the structure of water near kaolinite surfaces is now fairly well understood, the dynamics of water confined between two kaolinite surfaces has not been studied. We conducted classical molecular dynamics simulations of nanoconfined water under shear between the hydroxyl basal planes of two kaolinite substrates to study the structural and dynamic properties of the nanoconfined water as a function of the amount of water in the system and the applied load. We found that the orientation of the water molecules within the first monolayer (similar to 3 angstrom) of the kaolinite interfaces changes as a function of load on the system. At low loads, the majority of the water molecules are oriented with one OH bond parallel to the kaolinite interface and the hydrogen atom of the other OH bond nearer to the kaolinite interface and a smaller population of water molecules are oriented with both hydrogen atoms further from the interface than the oxygen atom. At higher loads, while the same orientations are observed, another population of water molecules are oriented with one OH bond parallel to the interface and one OH bond in which the oxygen atom is nearest to the kaolinite interface is observed. The maximum value of viscosity observed is only 1 order of magnitude larger than the bulk shear viscosity at the same pressure. C1 [Haria, Neil R.; Lorenz, Christian D.] Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, Theory & Simulat Condensed Matter Grp, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Grest, Gary S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Lorenz, CD (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, Theory & Simulat Condensed Matter Grp, London WC2R 2LS, England. EM chris.lorenz@kcl.ac.uk RI Haria, Neil/C-7719-2012 FU EPSRC; King's College London; Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories; U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We thank Randall Cygan and Peter J. Feibelman for helpful discussions. N.R.H. and C.D.L. acknowledge the support of the EPSRC (in the form of a DTA studentship) and King's College London start-up funds for providing financial support of this project. This work is supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 117 IS 12 BP 6096 EP 6104 DI 10.1021/jp312181u PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 118NL UT WOS:000317032100011 ER PT J AU Carenco, S Tuxen, A Chintapalli, M Pach, E Escudero, C Ewers, TD Jiang, P Borondics, F Thornton, G Alivisatos, AP Bluhm, H Guo, JH Salmeron, M AF Carenco, Sophie Tuxen, Anders Chintapalli, Mahati Pach, Elzbieta Escudero, Carlos Ewers, Trevor D. Jiang, Peng Borondics, Ferenc Thornton, Geoff Alivisatos, A. Paul Bluhm, Hendrik Guo, Jinghua Salmeron, Miguel TI Dealloying of Cobalt from CuCo Nanoparticles under Syngas Exposure SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; COPPER METAL-CATALYSTS; IN-SITU; PARTICLE-SIZE; CUCO/SIO2 CATALYSTS; CO ADSORPTION; HYDROGENATION; MECHANISM AB The structure and composition of core-shell CuCo nanoparticles were found to change as a result of cleaning pretreatments and when exposed to syngas (CO + H-2) at atmospheric pressure. In situ X-ray absorption and photoelectron spectroscopies revealed the oxidation state of the particles as well as the presence of adsorbates under syngas. Transmission electron microscopy was used for ex situ analysis of the shape, elemental composition, and structure after reaction. The original core-shell structure was found to change to a hollow CuCo alloy after pretreatment by oxidation in pure O-2 and reduction in pure H-2. After 30 min of exposure to syngas, a significant fraction (5%) of the particles was strongly depleted in cobalt giving copper-rich nanoparticles. This fraction increased with duration of syngas exposure, a phenomenon that did not occur under pure CO or pure H-2. This study suggests that Co and Cu can each individually contribute to syngas conversion with CuCo catalysts. C1 [Carenco, Sophie; Tuxen, Anders; Chintapalli, Mahati; Pach, Elzbieta; Escudero, Carlos; Ewers, Trevor D.; Jiang, Peng; Borondics, Ferenc; Thornton, Geoff; Alivisatos, A. Paul; Salmeron, Miguel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Guo, Jinghua] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bluhm, Hendrik] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chintapalli, Mahati; Salmeron, Miguel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ewers, Trevor D.; Alivisatos, A. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Thornton, Geoff] UCL, London Ctr Nanotechnol, London WC1H 0AJ, England. [Thornton, Geoff] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England. RP Salmeron, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mbsalmeron@lbl.gov RI Carenco, Sophie/D-6512-2011; Borondics, Ferenc/A-7616-2008; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014; Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015; Escudero, Carlos/F-8044-2011 OI Carenco, Sophie/0000-0002-6164-2053; Alivisatos , Paul /0000-0001-6895-9048; Escudero, Carlos/0000-0001-8716-9391 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, under the Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Danish Research Council for Independent Research \ Natural Sciences (Det Frie Forskningsraad \ Natur og Univers); MEC/Fulbright program [2008-0253]; EPSRC (UK) FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, under the Department of Energy contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Funding from the same contract for the ALS and beamline 11.0.2 is also acknowledged. The Molecular Foundry is acknowledged for the use of its facilities under the proposal no. 994. Virginia Altoe is gratefully acknowledged for helpful discussions concerning TEM analyses. A.T. gratefully acknowledges the postdoc stipend "In-situ investigations of nanoparticles for Fischer-Tropsch catalysis" from the Danish Research Council for Independent Research vertical bar Natural Sciences (Det Frie Forskningsraad vertical bar Natur og Univers). C.E. acknowledges financial support from the MEC/Fulbright program (reference no. 2008-0253). G.T. acknowledges support from EPSRC (UK). NR 47 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 6 U2 99 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 117 IS 12 BP 6259 EP 6266 DI 10.1021/jp4000297 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 118NL UT WOS:000317032100030 ER PT J AU Sutter, P Albrecht, P Tong, X Sutter, E AF Sutter, Peter Albrecht, Peter Tong, Xiao Sutter, Eli TI Mechanical Decoupling of Graphene from Ru(0001) by Interfacial Reaction with Oxygen SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FEW-LAYER GRAPHENE; EPITAXIAL GRAPHENE; LARGE-AREA; FILMS; MICROSCOPY AB Using in situ surface microscopy, we study the processes associated with the intercalation and reaction of oxygen at the graphene/Ru(0001) interface. The decoupling of the graphene from the metal due to the interfacial reaction enables stress relaxation via the formation of a network of wrinkles in the graphene sheet, which in contrast to graphene on other metals (e.g., Cu, Ni, Ir, and Pt) is inhibited in as-grown graphene/Ru(0001). A wrinkle network only forms if oxygen is homogeneously adsorbed on the metal surface beneath the graphene; i.e., its presence provides a reliable and easily detectable signature of a completed, uniform oxygen intercalation. Other characteristics of the chemical modification of the interface include the appearance of an oxygen-induced Ru(0001):O superstructure and changes in the local surface potential. By fostering an understanding of the phenomena that accompany chemical reactions on metals beneath graphene, our results contribute to a basis for harnessing these processes, in the bottom-up fabrication of graphene devices. C1 [Sutter, Peter; Albrecht, Peter; Tong, Xiao; Sutter, Eli] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Sutter, P (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM psutter@bnl.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX This research has been carried out at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 46 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 117 IS 12 BP 6320 EP 6324 DI 10.1021/jp400838j PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 118NL UT WOS:000317032100037 ER PT J AU Gu, HB Guo, J Zhang, X He, QL Huang, YD Colorado, HA Haldolaarachchige, N Xin, HL Young, DP Wei, SY Guo, ZH AF Gu, Hongbo Guo, Jiang Zhang, Xi He, Qingliang Huang, Yudong Colorado, Henry A. Haldolaarachchige, Neel Xin, Huolin Young, David P. Wei, Suying Guo, Zhanhu TI Giant Magnetoresistive Phosphoric Acid Doped Polyaniline-Silica Nanocomposites SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C LA English DT Article ID RANGE-HOPPING REGIME; POLYURETHANE NANOCOMPOSITES; ORBITAL MAGNETOCONDUCTANCE; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; NEGATIVE PERMITTIVITY; COMPOSITE; DEVICES; FILMS; NANOPARTICLES; TRANSPORT AB The phosphoric acid doped conductive polyaniline (PANI) polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) filled with silica nanoparticles (NPs) have been successfully synthesized using a facile surface initiated polymerization method. The chemical structures of the nanocomposites are characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The enhanced thermal stability of the PNCs compared with that of pure PANI is observed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The dielectric properties of these nanocomposites are strongly related to the silica nanoparticle loading levels. Temperature dependent resistivity analysis reveals a quasi 3-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH) electrical conduction mechanism for the synthesized nanocomposite samples. A positive giant magnetoresistance (GMR) is observed with a maximum value of 95.5% in the PNCs with a silica loading of 20.0 wt% and 65.6% for the pure PANI doped with phosphoric acid. The observed MR is well explained by wave function shrinkage model by calculating the changed localization length (xi), density of states at the Fermi level (N(E-F)), and reduced average hopping length (R-hop). The effects of particle size on the properties including thermal stability, dielectric properties, temperature dependent resistivity, electrical conduction mechanism, and GMR of the nanocomposites are also studied. C1 [Gu, Hongbo; Guo, Jiang; Zhang, Xi; He, Qingliang; Guo, Zhanhu] Lamar Univ, ICL, Dan F Smith Dept Chem Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. [Zhang, Xi; Wei, Suying] Lamar Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. [Gu, Hongbo; Huang, Yudong] Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. [Colorado, Henry A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90066 USA. [Xin, Huolin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Haldolaarachchige, Neel; Young, David P.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Guo, ZH (reprint author), Lamar Univ, ICL, Dan F Smith Dept Chem Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA. EM suying.wei@lamar.edu; zhanhu.guo@lamar.edu RI Haldolaarachchige, Neel/E-3773-2010; He, Qingliang /B-2979-2014; ZHANG, XI/G-6035-2014; Xin, Huolin/E-2747-2010; Guo, Jiang /Q-7163-2016; OI Haldolaarachchige, Neel/0000-0002-4681-4144; He, Qingliang /0000-0003-1253-8740; Xin, Huolin/0000-0002-6521-868X; Guo, Zhanhu/0000-0003-0134-0210 FU National Science Foundation Nanoscale Interdisciplinary Research Team, and Materials Processing and Manufacturing [CMMI 10-30755]; NSF [DMR 10-05764]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) FX This project is financially supported by the National Science Foundation Nanoscale Interdisciplinary Research Team, and Materials Processing and Manufacturing (CMMI 10-30755) managed by Dr. Mary Toney. D.P.Y. acknowledges the support from the NSF under Grant No. DMR 10-05764. H.G. acknowledges the support from China Scholarship Council (CSC) program. NR 69 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 55 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1932-7447 J9 J PHYS CHEM C JI J. Phys. Chem. C PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 117 IS 12 BP 6426 EP 6436 DI 10.1021/jp311471f PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 118NL UT WOS:000317032100049 ER PT J AU Beechem, TE Serrano, JR McDonald, A Mani, S AF Beechem, Thomas E. Serrano, Justin R. McDonald, Anthony Mani, Seethambal TI Assessing thermal damage in silicon PN-junctions using Raman thermometry SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LASER DAMAGE; PHOTODIODES; PERFORMANCE; STRESS AB Laser machining is frequently utilized in the manufacture of photovoltaics. A natural by-product of these fabrication processes, heat, not only serves as a means of material removal but also modifies the material in an extended region beyond that ideally intended for alteration. This modified region, termed the heat affected zone, is detrimental to performance and should therefore be minimized. While undoubtedly thermal in origin, it is unclear exactly how the thermal environment during laser machining correlates to changes in the PN-junction that reduce performance. In response, we combine in-situ Raman based thermometry measurements with post-event failure analysis to identify the physical mechanisms damaging the junction during laser machining. From this approach, damage is shown to initiate prior to melting and be driven primarily by the diffusion of dopants for fluences that do not induce ablation. Additionally, comparatively small regions of damage are shown to have a large impact on operation. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4798382] C1 [Beechem, Thomas E.; Serrano, Justin R.; McDonald, Anthony; Mani, Seethambal] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Beechem, TE (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. EM tebeech@sandia.gov FU LDRD program at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL); US DOE National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX This work was supported by the LDRD program at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL). Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US DOE National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 113 IS 12 AR 123106 DI 10.1063/1.4798382 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 117QI UT WOS:000316967800006 ER PT J AU Graham, JT Brennecka, GL Ferreira, P Small, L Duquette, D Apblett, C Landsberger, S Ihlefeld, JF AF Graham, Joseph T. Brennecka, Geoff L. Ferreira, Paulo Small, Leo Duquette, David Apblett, Christopher Landsberger, Sheldon Ihlefeld, Jon F. TI Neutron irradiation effects on domain wall mobility and reversibility in lead zirconate titanate thin films SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PZT-TYPE CERAMICS; PIEZOELECTRIC CERAMICS; DIELECTRIC PERMITTIVITY; FERROELECTRICS; NONLINEARITY AB The effects of neutron-induced damage on the ferroelectric properties of thin film lead zirconate titanate (PZT) were investigated. Two sets of PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 films of varying initial quality were irradiated in a research nuclear reactor up to a maximum 1 MeV equivalent neutron fluence of (5.16 +/- 0.03) x 10(15)cm(-2). Changes in domain wall mobility and reversibility were characterized by polarization-electric field measurements, Rayleigh analysis, and analysis of first order reversal curves (FORC). With increasing fluence, extrinsic contributions to the small-signal permittivity diminished. Additionally, redistribution of irreversible hysterons towards higher coercive fields was observed accompanied by the formation of a secondary hysteron peak following exposure to high fluence levels. The changes are attributed to the radiation-induced formation of defect dipoles and other charged defects, which serve as effective domain wall pinning sites. Differences in damage accumulation rates with initial film quality were observed between the film sets suggesting a dominance of pre-irradiation microstructure on changes in macroscopic switching behavior. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4795869] C1 [Graham, Joseph T.; Landsberger, Sheldon] Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78758 USA. [Graham, Joseph T.; Brennecka, Geoff L.; Small, Leo; Ihlefeld, Jon F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Elect Opt & Nano Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Ferreira, Paulo] Univ Texas Austin, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Austin, TX 78751 USA. [Small, Leo; Duquette, David] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Apblett, Christopher] Sandia Natl Labs, Adv Power Sources R&D Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Ihlefeld, JF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Elect Opt & Nano Mat Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM joe.t.graham@gmail.com; jihlefe@sandia.gov RI Small, Leo/A-3685-2013; Ihlefeld, Jon/B-3117-2009; Brennecka, Geoff/J-9367-2012 OI Small, Leo/0000-0003-0404-6287; Brennecka, Geoff/0000-0002-4476-7655 FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX The authors would like to thank the staff of the Nuclear Engineering Teaching Laboratory at UT-Austin for helping perform the irradiations, Bonnie McKenzie for electron microscopy characterization and Dr. Mark Rodriguez for performing the XRD measurements. This work was supported, in part, by the National Institute of Nano Engineering and the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 56 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 113 IS 12 AR 124104 DI 10.1063/1.4795869 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 117QI UT WOS:000316967800044 ER PT J AU Steiner, MA Geisz, JF Garcia, I Friedman, DJ Duda, A Kurtz, SR AF Steiner, M. A. Geisz, J. F. Garcia, I. Friedman, D. J. Duda, A. Kurtz, S. R. TI Optical enhancement of the open-circuit voltage in high quality GaAs solar cells SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SHOCKLEY-QUEISSER LIMIT; DOUBLE HETEROSTRUCTURES; SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; ENERGY; EFFICIENCIES; CONVERSION; LIFETIME AB The self-absorption of radiated photons increases the minority carrier concentration in semiconductor optoelectronic devices such as solar cells. This so-called photon recycling leads to an increase in the external luminescent efficiency, the fraction of internally radiated photons that are able to escape through the front surface. An increased external luminescent efficiency in turn correlates with an increased open-circuit voltage and ultimately conversion efficiency. We develop a detailed ray-optical model that calculates V-oc for real, non-idealized solar cells, accounting for isotropic luminescence, parasitic losses, multiple photon reflections within the cell and wavelength-dependent indices of refraction for the layers in the cell. We have fabricated high quality GaAs solar cells, systematically varying the optical properties including the back reflectance, and have demonstrated V-oc = 1.101 +/- 0.002 V and conversion efficiencies of (27.8 +/- 0.8)% under the global solar spectrum. The trends shown by the model are in good agreement with the data. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4798267] C1 [Steiner, M. A.; Geisz, J. F.; Garcia, I.; Friedman, D. J.; Duda, A.; Kurtz, S. R.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Steiner, MA (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM myles.steiner@nrel.gov RI Garcia, Ivan/L-1547-2014 OI Garcia, Ivan/0000-0002-9895-2020 FU Spanish Ministerio de Educacion; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; Foundational Program to Advance Cell Efficiency (F-PACE) FX The authors are grateful for conversations with E. Yablonovitch, C.-S. Ho, R. King, J. Olson, B. McMahon, R. France, and O. Miller. We thank W. Olavarria and M. Young for dedicated work growing and fabricating the cells; S. Choi for ellipsometry measurements of III-V films; and K. Emery, T. Moriarty, and R. Williams for the JV measurements. I. Garcia holds a Fulbright postdoctoral scholarship funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Educacion, by means of the Programa Nacional de Movilidad de Recursos Humanos del Plan Nacional de I-D+i 2008-2011. Research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and funded by the Foundational Program to Advance Cell Efficiency (F-PACE). NR 28 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 9 U2 67 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 EI 1089-7550 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 113 IS 12 AR 123109 DI 10.1063/1.4798267 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 117QI UT WOS:000316967800009 ER PT J AU Reindl, S Ghosh, A Williams, GJ Lassak, K Neiner, T Henche, AL Albers, SV Tainer, JA AF Reindl, Sophia Ghosh, Abhrajyoti Williams, Gareth J. Lassak, Kerstin Neiner, Tomasz Henche, Anna-Lena Albers, Sonja-Verena Tainer, John A. TI Insights into Flal Functions in Archaeal Motor Assembly and Motility from Structures, Conformations, and Genetics SO MOLECULAR CELL LA English DT Article ID TOXIN-COREGULATED-PILUS; II SECRETION SYSTEM; N-TERMINAL DOMAIN; IV PILUS; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; X-RAY; PROTEIN SECRETION; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; METHANOCOCCUS-VOLTAE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI AB Superfamily ATPases in type IV pili, type 2 secretion, and archaella (formerly archaeal flagella) employ similar sequences for distinct biological processes. Here, we structurally and functionally characterize prototypical superfamily ATPase Flal in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, showing Flal activities in archaeal swimming-organelle assembly and movement. X-ray scattering data of Flal in solution and crystal structures with and without nucleotide reveal a hexameric crown assembly with key cross-subunit interactions. Rigid building blocks form between N-terminal domains (points) and neighboring subunit C-terminal domains (crown ring). Upon nucleotide binding, these six cross-subunit blocks move with respect to each other and distinctly from secretion and pilus ATPases. Crown interactions and conformations regulate assembly, motility, and force direction via a basic-clamp switching mechanism driving conformational changes between stable, backbone-interconnected moving blocks. Collective structural and mutational results identify in vivo functional components for assembly and motility, phosphate-triggered rearrangements by ATP hydrolysis, and molecular predictors for distinct ATPase superfamily functions. C1 [Reindl, Sophia; Williams, Gareth J.; Tainer, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Reindl, Sophia; Ghosh, Abhrajyoti; Lassak, Kerstin; Neiner, Tomasz; Henche, Anna-Lena; Albers, Sonja-Verena] Max Planck Inst Terr Microbiol, D-35043 Marburg, Germany. [Tainer, John A.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Integrat Struct & Computat Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Albers, SV (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Terr Microbiol, D-35043 Marburg, Germany. EM albers@mpi-marburg.mpg.de; jatainer@lbl.gov RI Ghosh, Abhrajyoti/H-8550-2012 OI Ghosh, Abhrajyoti/0000-0002-2469-3740 FU National Institute of Health (NIH) [AI022160]; NIH [GM105404]; Max Planck postdoctoral fellowship; VIDI grant from the Dutch Science Organization (NWO); Max Planck Society FX We thank Albers and Tainer laboratory members for helpful comments, especially Susan Tsutakawa, Michal Hammel, and ALS BL12.3.1 and BL8.3.1 staff. This study was supported by National Institute of Health (NIH) grant AI022160 to J.A.T. The SIBYLS beamline (BL12.3.1) is supported by the United States Department of Energy program IDAT and by NIH grant GM105404. A.G. received a Max Planck postdoctoral fellowship, and S.V.A. was supported by a VIDI grant from the Dutch Science Organization (NWO) and Max Planck Society intramural funds. NR 46 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 13 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1097-2765 J9 MOL CELL JI Mol. Cell PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 49 IS 6 BP 1069 EP 1082 DI 10.1016/j.molcel.2013.01.014 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 118KN UT WOS:000317024500008 PM 23416110 ER PT J AU Billinge, S AF Billinge, Simon TI MATERIALS SCIENCE Nanoparticle structures served up on a tray SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Billinge, Simon] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Billinge, Simon] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Billinge, S (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM sb2896@columbia.edu NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 61 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 495 IS 7442 BP 453 EP 454 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 113QN UT WOS:000316682800031 PM 23538825 ER PT J AU He, Y Fang, J Taatjes, DJ Nogales, E AF He, Yuan Fang, Jie Taatjes, Dylan J. Nogales, Eva TI Structural visualization of key steps in human transcription initiation SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID RNA-POLYMERASE-II; DNA-BINDING DOMAIN; PREINITIATION COMPLEX; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CONFORMATIONAL FLEXIBILITY; SUBUNIT ARCHITECTURE; ANGSTROM RESOLUTION; ACCURATE INITIATION; PROMOTER CLEARANCE; ELONGATION COMPLEX AB Eukaryotic transcription initiation requires the assembly of general transcription factors into a pre-initiation complex that ensures the accurate loading of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) at the transcription start site. The molecular mechanism and function of this assembly have remained elusive due to lack of structural information. Here we have used an in vitro reconstituted system to study the stepwise assembly of human TBP, TFIIA, TFIIB, Pol II, TFIIF, TFIIE and TFIIH onto promoter DNA using cryo-electron microscopy. Our structural analyses provide pseudo-atomic models at various stages of transcription initiation that illuminate critical molecular interactions, including how TFIIF engages Pol II and promoter DNA to stabilize both the closed pre-initiation complex and the open-promoter complex, and to regulate start-site selection. Comparison of open versus closed pre-initiation complexes, combined with the localization of the TFIIH helicases XPD and XPB, support a DNA translocation model of XPB and explain its essential role in promoter opening. C1 [He, Yuan; Nogales, Eva] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fang, Jie; Nogales, Eva] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Taatjes, Dylan J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Nogales, Eva] Univ Calif Berkeley, QB3 Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Nogales, Eva] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Nogales, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ENogales@lbl.gov RI He, Yuan/C-7341-2015 OI He, Yuan/0000-0002-1455-3963 FU NIGMS [GM63072]; NCI [CA127364] FX We thank C. Inouye for providing us with recombinant TFIIF and TFIIE; P. Grob and T. Houweling for electron microscopy and computer support, respectively; T. Goddard for help with Chimera; and members of the Nogales laboratory for technical advice on image processing. We are thankful to J. Kadonaga, J. Goodrich and M. Cianfrocco for their comments on the manuscript. We thank P. Cooper both for biochemical advice and for her comments on the manuscript. This work was funded by NIGMS (GM63072 to E.N.) and by NCI (CA127364 to D. J. T.). E.N. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator. NR 63 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 4 U2 65 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 495 IS 7442 BP 481 EP + DI 10.1038/nature11991 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 113QN UT WOS:000316682800039 PM 23446344 ER PT J AU Adare, A Afanasiev, S Aidala, C Ajitanand, NN Akiba, Y Al-Bataineh, H Alexander, J Aoki, K Aramaki, Y Atomssa, ET Averbeck, R Awes, TC Azmoun, B Babintsev, V Bai, M Baksay, G Baksay, L Barish, KN Bassalleck, B Basye, AT Bathe, S Baublis, V Baumann, C Bazilevsky, A Belikov, S Belmont, R Bennett, R Berdnikov, A Berdnikov, Y Bickley, AA Bok, JS Boyle, K Brooks, ML Buesching, H Bumazhnov, V Bunce, G Butsyk, S Camacho, CM Campbell, S Chen, CH Chi, CY Chiu, M Choi, IJ Choudhury, RK Christiansen, P Chujo, T Chung, P Chvala, O Cianciolo, V Citron, Z Cole, BA Connors, M Constantin, P Csanad, M Csorgo, T Dahms, T Dairaku, S Danchev, I Das, K Datta, A David, G Denisov, A Deshpande, A Desmond, EJ Dietzsch, O Dion, A Donadelli, M Drapier, O Drees, A Drees, KA Durham, JM Durum, A Dutta, D Edwards, S Efremenko, YV Ellinghaus, F Engelmore, T Enokizono, A En'yo, H Esumi, S Fadem, B Fields, DE Finger, M Finger, M Fleuret, F Fokin, SL Fraenkel, Z Frantz, JE Franz, A Frawley, AD Fujiwara, K Fukao, Y Fusayasu, T Garishvili, I Glenn, A Gong, H Gonin, M Goto, Y de Cassagnac, RG Grau, N Greene, SV Perdekamp, MG Gunji, T Gustafsson, HA Haggerty, JS Hahn, KI Hamagaki, H Hamblen, J Han, R Hanks, J Hartouni, EP Haslum, E Hayano, R He, X Heffner, M Hemmick, TK Hester, T Hill, JC Hohlmann, M Holzmann, W Homma, K Hong, B Horaguchi, T Hornback, D Huang, S Ichihara, T Ichimiya, R Ide, J Ikeda, Y Imai, K Inaba, M Isenhower, D Ishihara, M Isobe, T Issah, M Isupov, A Ivanischev, D Jacak, BV Jia, J Jin, J Johnson, BM Joo, KS Jouan, D Jumper, DS Kajihara, F Kametani, S Kamihara, N Kamin, J Kang, JH Kapustinsky, J Karatsu, K Kawall, D Kawashima, M Kazantsev, AV Kempel, T Khanzadeev, A Kijima, KM Kim, BI Kim, DH Kim, DJ Kim, E Kim, EJ Kim, SH Kim, YJ Kinney, E Kiriluk, K Kiss, A Kistenev, E Kochenda, L Komkov, B Konno, M Koster, J Kotchetkov, D Kozlov, A Kral, A Kravitz, A Kunde, GJ Kurita, K Kurosawa, M Kwon, Y Kyle, GS Lacey, R Lai, YS Lajoie, JG Lebedev, A Lee, DM Lee, J Lee, K Lee, KB Lee, KS Leitch, MJ Leite, MAL Leitner, E Lenzi, B Li, X Liebing, P Levy, LAL Liska, T Litvinenko, A Liu, H Liu, MX Love, B Luechtenborg, R Lynch, D Maguire, CF Makdisi, YI Malakhov, A Malik, MD Manko, VI Mannel, E Mao, Y Masui, H Matathias, F McCumber, M McGaughey, PL Means, N Meredith, B Miake, Y Mignerey, AC Mikes, P Miki, K Milov, A Mishra, M Mitchell, JT Mohanty, AK Morino, Y Morreale, A Morrison, DP Moukhanova, TV Murata, J Nagamiya, S Nagle, JL Naglis, M Nagy, MI Nakagawa, I Nakamiya, Y Nakamura, T Nakano, K Newby, J Nguyen, M Niida, T Nouicer, R Nyanin, AS O'Brien, E Oda, SX Ogilvie, CA Oka, M Okada, K Onuki, Y Oskarsson, A Ouchida, M Ozawa, K Pak, R Pantuev, V Papavassiliou, V Park, IH Park, J Park, SK Park, WJ Pate, SF Pei, H Peng, JC Pereira, H Peresedov, V Peressounko, DY Pinkenburg, C Pisani, RP Proissl, M Purschke, ML Purwar, AK Qu, H Rak, J Rakotozafindrabe, A Ravinovich, I Read, KF Reygers, K Riabov, V Riabov, Y Richardson, E Roach, D Roche, G Rolnick, SD Rosati, M Rosen, CA Rosendahl, SSE Rosnet, P Rukoyatkin, P Ruzicka, P Sahlmueller, B Saito, N Sakaguchi, T Sakashita, K Samsonov, V Sano, S Sato, T Sawada, S Sedgwick, K Seele, J Seidl, R Semenov, AY Seto, R Sharma, D Shein, I Shibata, TA Shigaki, K Shimomura, M Shoji, K Shukla, P Sickles, A Silva, CL Silvermyr, D Silvestre, C Sim, KS Singh, BK Singh, CP Singh, V Slunecka, M Soltz, RA Sondheim, WE Sorensen, SP Sourikova, IV Sparks, NA Stankus, PW Stenlund, E Stoll, SP Sugitate, T Sukhanov, A Sziklai, J Takagui, EM Taketani, A Tanabe, R Tanaka, Y Tanida, K Tannenbaum, MJ Tarafdar, S Taranenko, A Tarjan, P Themann, H Thomas, TL Togawa, M Toia, A Tomasek, L Torii, H Towell, RS Tserruya, I Tsuchimoto, Y Vale, C Valle, H van Hecke, HW Vazquez-Zambrano, E Veicht, A Velkovska, J Vertesi, R Vinogradov, AA Virius, M Vrba, V Vznuzdaev, E Wang, XR Watanabe, D Watanabe, K Watanabe, Y Wei, F Wei, R Wessels, J White, SN Winter, D Wood, JP Woody, CL Wright, RM Wysocki, M Xie, W Yamaguchi, YL Yamaura, K Yang, R Yanovich, A Ying, J Yokkaichi, S You, Z Young, GR Younus, I Yushmanov, IE Zajc, WA Zhang, C Zhou, S Zolin, L AF Adare, A. Afanasiev, S. Aidala, C. Ajitanand, N. N. Akiba, Y. Al-Bataineh, H. Alexander, J. Aoki, K. Aramaki, Y. Atomssa, E. T. Averbeck, R. Awes, T. C. Azmoun, B. Babintsev, V. Bai, M. Baksay, G. Baksay, L. Barish, K. N. Bassalleck, B. Basye, A. T. Bathe, S. Baublis, V. Baumann, C. Bazilevsky, A. Belikov, S. Belmont, R. Bennett, R. Berdnikov, A. Berdnikov, Y. Bickley, A. A. Bok, J. S. Boyle, K. Brooks, M. L. Buesching, H. Bumazhnov, V. Bunce, G. Butsyk, S. Camacho, C. M. Campbell, S. Chen, C. -H. Chi, C. Y. Chiu, M. Choi, I. J. Choudhury, R. K. Christiansen, P. Chujo, T. Chung, P. Chvala, O. Cianciolo, V. Citron, Z. Cole, B. A. Connors, M. Constantin, P. Csanad, M. Csorgo, T. Dahms, T. Dairaku, S. Danchev, I. Das, K. Datta, A. David, G. Denisov, A. Deshpande, A. Desmond, E. J. Dietzsch, O. Dion, A. Donadelli, M. Drapier, O. Drees, A. Drees, K. A. Durham, J. M. Durum, A. Dutta, D. Edwards, S. Efremenko, Y. V. Ellinghaus, F. Engelmore, T. Enokizono, A. En'yo, H. Esumi, S. Fadem, B. Fields, D. E. Finger, M. Finger, M., Jr. Fleuret, F. Fokin, S. L. Fraenkel, Z. Frantz, J. E. Franz, A. Frawley, A. D. Fujiwara, K. Fukao, Y. Fusayasu, T. Garishvili, I. Glenn, A. Gong, H. Gonin, M. Goto, Y. de Cassagnac, R. Granier Grau, N. Greene, S. V. Perdekamp, M. Grosse Gunji, T. .Gustafsson, H. -A Haggerty, J. S. Hahn, K. I. Hamagaki, H. Hamblen, J. Han, R. Hanks, J. Hartouni, E. P. Haslum, E. Hayano, R. He, X. Heffner, M. Hemmick, T. K. Hester, T. Hill, J. C. Hohlmann, M. Holzmann, W. Homma, K. Hong, B. Horaguchi, T. Hornback, D. Huang, S. Ichihara, T. Ichimiya, R. Ide, J. Ikeda, Y. Imai, K. Inaba, M. Isenhower, D. Ishihara, M. Isobe, T. Issah, M. Isupov, A. Ivanischev, D. Jacak, B. V. Jia, J. Jin, J. Johnson, B. M. Joo, K. S. Jouan, D. Jumper, D. S. Kajihara, F. Kametani, S. Kamihara, N. Kamin, J. Kang, J. H. Kapustinsky, J. Karatsu, K. Kawall, D. Kawashima, M. Kazantsev, A. V. Kempel, T. Khanzadeev, A. Kijima, K. M. Kim, B. I. Kim, D. H. Kim, D. J. Kim, E. Kim, E. -J. Kim, S. H. Kim, Y. J. Kinney, E. Kiriluk, K. Kiss, A. Kistenev, E. Kochenda, L. Komkov, B. Konno, M. Koster, J. Kotchetkov, D. Kozlov, A. Kral, A. Kravitz, A. Kunde, G. J. Kurita, K. Kurosawa, M. Kwon, Y. Kyle, G. S. Lacey, R. Lai, Y. S. Lajoie, J. G. Lebedev, A. Lee, D. M. Lee, J. Lee, K. Lee, K. B. Lee, K. S. Leitch, M. J. Leite, M. A. L. Leitner, E. Lenzi, B. Li, X. Liebing, P. Levy, L. A. Linden Liska, T. Litvinenko, A. Liu, H. Liu, M. X. Love, B. Luechtenborg, R. Lynch, D. Maguire, C. F. Makdisi, Y. I. Malakhov, A. Malik, M. D. Manko, V. I. Mannel, E. Mao, Y. Masui, H. Matathias, F. McCumber, M. McGaughey, P. L. Means, N. Meredith, B. Miake, Y. Mignerey, A. C. Mikes, P. Miki, K. Milov, A. Mishra, M. Mitchell, J. T. Mohanty, A. K. Morino, Y. Morreale, A. Morrison, D. P. Moukhanova, T. V. Murata, J. Nagamiya, S. Nagle, J. L. Naglis, M. Nagy, M. I. Nakagawa, I. Nakamiya, Y. Nakamura, T. Nakano, K. Newby, J. Nguyen, M. Niida, T. Nouicer, R. Nyanin, A. S. O'Brien, E. Oda, S. X. Ogilvie, C. A. Oka, M. Okada, K. Onuki, Y. Oskarsson, A. Ouchida, M. Ozawa, K. Pak, R. Pantuev, V. Papavassiliou, V. Park, I. H. Park, J. Park, S. K. Park, W. J. Pate, S. F. Pei, H. Peng, J. -C. Pereira, H. Peresedov, V. Peressounko, D. Yu. Pinkenburg, C. Pisani, R. P. Proissl, M. Purschke, M. L. Purwar, A. K. Qu, H. Rak, J. Rakotozafindrabe, A. Ravinovich, I. Read, K. F. Reygers, K. Riabov, V. Riabov, Y. Richardson, E. Roach, D. Roche, G. Rolnick, S. D. Rosati, M. Rosen, C. A. Rosendahl, S. S. E. Rosnet, P. Rukoyatkin, P. Ruzicka, P. Sahlmueller, B. Saito, N. Sakaguchi, T. Sakashita, K. Samsonov, V. Sano, S. Sato, T. Sawada, S. Sedgwick, K. Seele, J. Seidl, R. Semenov, A. Yu. Seto, R. Sharma, D. Shein, I. Shibata, T. -A. Shigaki, K. Shimomura, M. Shoji, K. Shukla, P. Sickles, A. Silva, C. L. Silvermyr, D. Silvestre, C. Sim, K. S. Singh, B. K. Singh, C. P. Singh, V. Slunecka, M. Soltz, R. A. Sondheim, W. E. Sorensen, S. P. Sourikova, I. V. Sparks, N. A. Stankus, P. W. Stenlund, E. Stoll, S. P. Sugitate, T. Sukhanov, A. Sziklai, J. Takagui, E. M. Taketani, A. Tanabe, R. Tanaka, Y. Tanida, K. Tannenbaum, M. J. Tarafdar, S. Taranenko, A. Tarjan, P. Themann, H. Thomas, T. L. Togawa, M. Toia, A. Tomasek, L. Torii, H. Towell, R. S. Tserruya, I. Tsuchimoto, Y. Vale, C. Valle, H. van Hecke, H. W. Vazquez-Zambrano, E. Veicht, A. Velkovska, J. Vertesi, R. Vinogradov, A. A. Virius, M. Vrba, V. Vznuzdaev, E. Wang, X. R. Watanabe, D. Watanabe, K. Watanabe, Y. Wei, F. Wei, R. Wessels, J. White, S. N. Winter, D. Wood, J. P. Woody, C. L. Wright, R. M. Wysocki, M. Xie, W. Yamaguchi, Y. L. Yamaura, K. Yang, R. Yanovich, A. Ying, J. Yokkaichi, S. You, Z. Young, G. R. Younus, I. Yushmanov, I. E. Zajc, W. A. Zhang, C. Zhou, S. Zolin, L. CA PHENIX Collaboration TI Neutral pion production with respect to centrality and reaction plane in Au plus Au collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; RADIATIVE ENERGY-LOSS; PERTURBATIVE QCD; SCATTERING AB The PHENIX experiment has measured the production of pi(0)s in Au + Au collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV. The new data offer a fourfold increase in recorded luminosity, providing higher precision and a larger reach in transverse momentum, p(T), to 20 GeV/c. The production ratio of eta/pi(0) is 0.46 +/- 0.01(stat) +/- 0.05(syst), constant with p(T) and collision centrality. The observed ratio is consistent with earlier measurements, as well as with the p + p and d + Au values. pi(0) are suppressed by a factor of 5, as in earlier findings. However, with the improved statistical precision a small but significant rise of the nuclear modification factor R-AA vs p(T), with a slope of 0.0106 +/-(0.0034)(0.0029) (Gev/c)(-1), is discernible in central collisions. A phenomenological extraction of the average fractional parton energy loss shows a decrease with increasing p(T). To study the path-length dependence of suppression, the pi(0) yield is measured at different angles with respect to the event plane; a strong azimuthal dependence of the pi(0) R-AA is observed. The data are compared to theoretical models of parton energy loss as a function of the path length L in the medium. Models based on perturbative quantum chromodynamics are insufficient to describe the data, while a hybrid model utilizing pQCD for the hard interactions and anti-de-Sitter space/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) for the soft interactions is consistent with the data. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.034911 C1 [Basye, A. T.; Isenhower, D.; Jumper, D. S.; Sparks, N. A.; Towell, R. S.; Wood, J. P.; Wright, R. M.] Abilene Christian Univ, Abilene, TX 79699 USA. [Grau, N.] Augustana Coll, Dept Phys, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA. [Mishra, M.; Singh, B. K.; Singh, C. P.; Singh, V.; Tarafdar, S.] Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Phys, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Bassalleck, B.; Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Mohanty, A. K.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Bathe, S.] CUNY Bernard M Baruch Coll, New York, NY 10010 USA. [Bai, M.; Drees, K. A.; Makdisi, Y. I.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Collider Accelerator Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Azmoun, B.; Bazilevsky, A.; Belikov, S.; Buesching, H.; Bunce, G.; Chiu, M.; David, G.; Desmond, E. J.; Franz, A.; Haggerty, J. S.; Jia, J.; Johnson, B. M.; Kistenev, E.; Lynch, D.; Milov, A.; Mitchell, J. T.; Morrison, D. P.; Nouicer, R.; O'Brien, E.; Pak, R.; Pinkenburg, C.; Pisani, R. P.; Purschke, M. L.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sickles, A.; Sourikova, I. V.; Stoll, S. 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[Fraenkel, Z.; Kozlov, A.; Naglis, M.; Ravinovich, I.; Sharma, D.; Tserruya, I.] Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Csorgo, T.; Sziklai, J.; Vertesi, R.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Wigner RCP,RMKI, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. [Bok, J. S.; Choi, I. J.; Kang, J. H.; Kim, S. H.; Kwon, Y.] Yonsei Univ, IPAP, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Adare, A (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM jacak@skipper.physics.sunysb.edu RI Tomasek, Lukas/G-6370-2014; Dahms, Torsten/A-8453-2015; En'yo, Hideto/B-2440-2015; Hayano, Ryugo/F-7889-2012; HAMAGAKI, HIDEKI/G-4899-2014; Durum, Artur/C-3027-2014; Sorensen, Soren /K-1195-2016; Yokkaichi, Satoshi/C-6215-2017; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017 OI Tomasek, Lukas/0000-0002-5224-1936; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Sorensen, Soren /0000-0002-5595-5643; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315 FU Office of Nuclear Physics in the Office of Science of the Department of Energy; National Science Foundation; Abilene Christian University Research Council; Research Foundation of SUNY; College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University (USA); Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico; Natural Science Foundation of China (People's Republic of China); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (France); Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst; Hungarian National Science Fund, OTKA (Hungary); Department of Atomic Energy; Israel Science Foundation (Israel); National Research Foundation; Ministry of Education and Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Agency of Atomic Energy (Russia); VR; Wallenberg Foundation (Sweden); US Civilian Research and Development Foundation for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union; US-Hungarian Fulbright Foundation for Educational Exchange; US-Israel Binational Science Foundation; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (Brazil); Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung (Germany); Department of Science and Technology (India); WCU Program of the Ministry Education Science and Technology (Korea) FX We thank the staff of the Collider-Accelerator and Physics Departments at Brookhaven National Laboratory and the staff of the other PHENIX participating institutions for their vital contributions. We acknowledge support from the Office of Nuclear Physics in the Office of Science of the Department of Energy; the National Science Foundation; the Abilene Christian University Research Council; the Research Foundation of SUNY; the Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University (USA); the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Japan); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (Brazil); the Natural Science Foundation of China (People's Republic of China); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic); the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, and the Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules (France); the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst, and Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung (Germany); the Hungarian National Science Fund, OTKA (Hungary); the Department of Atomic Energy and Department of Science and Technology (India); the Israel Science Foundation (Israel); the National Research Foundation and WCU Program of the Ministry Education Science and Technology (Korea); the Ministry of Education and Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Agency of Atomic Energy (Russia); VR and the Wallenberg Foundation (Sweden); the US Civilian Research and Development Foundation for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union; the US-Hungarian Fulbright Foundation for Educational Exchange; and the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation. NR 51 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 7 U2 45 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 3 AR 034911 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.034911 PG 19 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 115EO UT WOS:000316795600003 ER PT J AU Aartsen, MG Abbasi, R Abdou, Y Ackermann, M Adams, J Aguilar, JA Ahlers, M Altmann, D Auffenberg, J Bai, X Baker, M Barwick, SW Baum, V Bay, R Beattie, K Beatty, JJ Bechet, S Tjus, JB Becker, KH Bell, M Benabderrahmane, ML BenZvi, S Berdermann, J Berghaus, P Berley, D Bernardini, E Bernhard, A Bertrand, D Besson, DZ Bindig, D Bissok, M Blaufuss, E Blumenthal, J Boersma, DJ Bohaichuk, S Bohm, C Bose, D Boser, S Botner, O Brayeur, L Brown, AM Bruijn, R Brunner, J Buitink, S Carson, M Casey, J Casier, M Chirkin, D Christy, B Clark, K Clevermann, F Cohen, S Cowen, DF Silva, AHC Danninger, M Daughhetee, J Davis, JC De Clercq, C De Ridder, S Desiati, P de Vries-Uiterweerd, G de With, M DeYoung, T Diaz-Velez, JC Dreyer, J Dunkman, M Eagan, R Eberhardt, B Eisch, J Ellsworth, RW Engdegard, O Euler, S Evenson, PA Fadiran, O Fazely, AR Fedynitch, A Feintzeig, J Feusels, T Filimonov, K Finley, C Fischer-Wasels, T Flis, S Franckowiak, A Franke, R Frantzen, K Fuchs, T Gaisser, TK Gallagher, J Gerhardt, L Gladstone, L Glusenkamp, T Goldschmidt, A Golup, G Goodman, JA Gora, D Grant, D Gross, A Gurtner, M Ha, C Ismail, AH Hallgren, A Halzen, F Hanson, K Heereman, D Heimann, P Heinen, D Helbing, K Hellauer, R Hickford, S Hill, GC Hoffman, KD Hoffmann, R Homeier, A Hoshina, K Huelsnitz, W Hulth, PO Hultqvist, K Hussain, S Ishihara, A Jacobi, E Jacobsen, J Japaridze, GS Jero, K Jlelati, O Kaminsky, B Kappes, A Karg, T Karle, A Kelley, JL Kiryluk, J Kislat, F Klas, J Klein, SR Kohne, JH Kohnen, G Kolanoski, H Kopke, L Kopper, C Kopper, S Koskinen, DJ Kowalski, M Krasberg, M Kroll, G Kunnen, J Kurahashi, N Kuwabara, T Labare, M Landsman, H Larson, MJ Lesiak-Bzdak, M Leute, J Lunemann, J Madsen, J Maruyama, R Mase, K Matis, HS McNally, F Meagher, K Merck, M Meszaros, P Meures, T Miarecki, S Middell, E Milke, N Miller, J Mohrmann, L Montaruli, T Morse, R Nahnhauer, R Naumann, U Niederhausen, H Nowicki, SC Nygren, DR Obertacke, A Odrowski, S Olivas, A Olivo, M O'Murchadha, A Paul, L Pepper, JA de los Heros, CP Pfendner, C Pieloth, D Pirk, N Posselt, J Price, PB Przybylski, GT Radel, L Rawlins, K Redl, P Resconi, E Rhode, W Ribordy, M Richman, M Riedel, B Rodrigues, JP Rott, C Ruhe, T Ruzybayev, B Ryckbosch, D Saba, SM Salameh, T Sander, HG Santander, M Sarkar, S Schatto, K Scheel, M Scheriau, F Schmidt, T Schmitz, M Schoenen, S Schoneberg, S Schonherr, L Schonwald, A Schukraft, A Schulte, L Schulz, O Seckel, D Seo, SH Sestayo, Y Seunarine, S Sheremata, C Smith, MWE Soiron, M Soldin, D Spiczak, GM Spiering, C Stamatikos, M Stanev, T Stasik, A Stezelberger, T Stokstad, RG Stossl, A Strahler, EA Strom, R Sullivan, GW Taavola, H Taboada, I Tamburro, A Ter-Antonyan, S Tilav, S Toale, PA Toscano, S Usner, M van der Drift, D van Eijndhoven, N Van Overloop, A van Santen, J Vehring, M Voge, M Vraeghe, M Walck, C Waldenmaier, T Wallraff, M Wasserman, R Weaver, C Wellons, M Wendt, C Westerhoff, S Whitehorn, N Wiebe, K Wiebusch, CH Williams, DR Wissing, H Wolf, M Wood, TR Woschnagg, K Xu, C Xu, DL Xu, XW Yanez, JP Yodh, G Yoshida, S Zarzhitsky, P Ziemann, J Zierke, S Zilles, A Zoll, M AF Aartsen, M. G. Abbasi, R. Abdou, Y. Ackermann, M. Adams, J. Aguilar, J. A. Ahlers, M. Altmann, D. Auffenberg, J. Bai, X. Baker, M. Barwick, S. W. Baum, V. Bay, R. Beattie, K. Beatty, J. J. Bechet, S. Tjus, J. Becker Becker, K. -H. Bell, M. Benabderrahmane, M. L. BenZvi, S. Berdermann, J. Berghaus, P. Berley, D. Bernardini, E. Bernhard, A. Bertrand, D. Besson, D. Z. Bindig, D. Bissok, M. Blaufuss, E. Blumenthal, J. Boersma, D. J. Bohaichuk, S. Bohm, C. Bose, D. Boeser, S. Botner, O. Brayeur, L. Brown, A. M. Bruijn, R. Brunner, J. Buitink, S. Carson, M. Casey, J. Casier, M. Chirkin, D. Christy, B. Clark, K. Clevermann, F. Cohen, S. Cowen, D. F. Silva, A. H. Cruz Danninger, M. Daughhetee, J. Davis, J. C. De Clercq, C. De Ridder, S. Desiati, P. de Vries-Uiterweerd, G. de With, M. DeYoung, T. Diaz-Velez, J. C. Dreyer, J. Dunkman, M. Eagan, R. Eberhardt, B. Eisch, J. Ellsworth, R. W. Engdegard, O. Euler, S. Evenson, P. A. Fadiran, O. Fazely, A. R. Fedynitch, A. Feintzeig, J. Feusels, T. Filimonov, K. Finley, C. Fischer-Wasels, T. Flis, S. Franckowiak, A. Franke, R. Frantzen, K. Fuchs, T. Gaisser, T. K. Gallagher, J. Gerhardt, L. Gladstone, L. Gluesenkamp, T. Goldschmidt, A. Golup, G. Goodman, J. A. Gora, D. Grant, D. Gross, A. Gurtner, M. Ha, C. Ismail, A. Haj Hallgren, A. Halzen, F. Hanson, K. Heereman, D. Heimann, P. Heinen, D. Helbing, K. Hellauer, R. Hickford, S. Hill, G. C. Hoffman, K. D. Hoffmann, R. Homeier, A. Hoshina, K. Huelsnitz, W. Hulth, P. O. Hultqvist, K. Hussain, S. Ishihara, A. Jacobi, E. Jacobsen, J. Japaridze, G. S. Jero, K. Jlelati, O. Kaminsky, B. Kappes, A. Karg, T. Karle, A. Kelley, J. L. Kiryluk, J. Kislat, F. Klaes, J. Klein, S. R. Koehne, J. -H. Kohnen, G. Kolanoski, H. Koepke, L. Kopper, C. Kopper, S. Koskinen, D. J. Kowalski, M. Krasberg, M. Kroll, G. Kunnen, J. Kurahashi, N. Kuwabara, T. Labare, M. Landsman, H. Larson, M. J. Lesiak-Bzdak, M. Leute, J. Luenemann, J. Madsen, J. Maruyama, R. Mase, K. Matis, H. S. McNally, F. Meagher, K. Merck, M. Meszaros, P. Meures, T. Miarecki, S. Middell, E. Milke, N. Miller, J. Mohrmann, L. Montaruli, T. Morse, R. Nahnhauer, R. Naumann, U. Niederhausen, H. Nowicki, S. C. Nygren, D. R. Obertacke, A. Odrowski, S. Olivas, A. Olivo, M. O'Murchadha, A. Paul, L. Pepper, J. A. de los Heros, C. Perez Pfendner, C. Pieloth, D. Pirk, N. Posselt, J. Price, P. B. Przybylski, G. T. Raedel, L. Rawlins, K. Redl, P. Resconi, E. Rhode, W. Ribordy, M. Richman, M. Riedel, B. Rodrigues, J. P. Rott, C. Ruhe, T. Ruzybayev, B. Ryckbosch, D. Saba, S. M. Salameh, T. Sander, H. -G. Santander, M. Sarkar, S. Schatto, K. Scheel, M. Scheriau, F. Schmidt, T. Schmitz, M. Schoenen, S. Schoeneberg, S. Schoenherr, L. Schoenwald, A. Schukraft, A. Schulte, L. Schulz, O. Seckel, D. Seo, S. H. Sestayo, Y. Seunarine, S. Sheremata, C. Smith, M. W. E. Soiron, M. Soldin, D. Spiczak, G. M. Spiering, C. Stamatikos, M. Stanev, T. Stasik, A. Stezelberger, T. Stokstad, R. G. Stoessl, A. Strahler, E. A. Strom, R. Sullivan, G. W. Taavola, H. Taboada, I. Tamburro, A. Ter-Antonyan, S. Tilav, S. Toale, P. A. Toscano, S. Usner, M. van der Drift, D. van Eijndhoven, N. Van Overloop, A. van Santen, J. Vehring, M. Voge, M. Vraeghe, M. Walck, C. Waldenmaier, T. Wallraff, M. Wasserman, R. Weaver, Ch. Wellons, M. Wendt, C. Westerhoff, S. Whitehorn, N. Wiebe, K. Wiebusch, C. H. Williams, D. R. Wissing, H. Wolf, M. Wood, T. R. Woschnagg, K. Xu, C. Xu, D. L. Xu, X. W. Yanez, J. P. Yodh, G. Yoshida, S. Zarzhitsky, P. Ziemann, J. Zierke, S. Zilles, A. Zoll, M. CA IceCube Collaboration TI Search for Dark Matter Annihilations in the Sun with the 79-String IceCube Detector SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MASSIVE PARTICLES; CONSTRAINTS; CAPTURE; CANDIDATES; NEUTRINOS; LIMITS AB We have performed a search for muon neutrinos from dark matter annihilation in the center of the Sun with the 79-string configuration of the IceCube neutrino telescope. For the first time, the DeepCore subarray is included in the analysis, lowering the energy threshold and extending the search to the austral summer. The 317 days of data collected between June 2010 and May 2011 are consistent with the expected background from atmospheric muons and neutrinos. Upper limits are set on the dark matter annihilation rate, with conversions to limits on spin-dependent and spin-independent scattering cross sections of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) on protons, for WIMP masses in the range 20-5000 GeV=c(2). These are the most stringent spin-dependent WIMP-proton cross section limits to date above 35 GeV=c(2) for most WIMP models. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.131302 C1 [Bissok, M.; Blumenthal, J.; Boersma, D. J.; Euler, S.; Heimann, P.; Heinen, D.; Paul, L.; Raedel, L.; Scheel, M.; Schoenen, S.; Schoenherr, L.; Schukraft, A.; Soiron, M.; Vehring, M.; Wallraff, M.; Wiebusch, C. H.; Zierke, S.; Zilles, A.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany. [Aartsen, M. G.; Hill, G. C.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Rawlins, K.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Phys & Astron, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Japaridze, G. S.] Clark Atlanta Univ, CTSPS, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. [Casey, J.; Daughhetee, J.; Taboada, I.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Casey, J.; Daughhetee, J.; Taboada, I.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Fazely, A. R.; Ter-Antonyan, S.; Xu, X. W.] Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA. [Bay, R.; Filimonov, K.; Gerhardt, L.; Ha, C.; Klein, S. R.; Miarecki, S.; Price, P. B.; van der Drift, D.; Woschnagg, K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Beattie, K.; Gerhardt, L.; Goldschmidt, A.; Ha, C.; Klein, S. R.; Matis, H. S.; Miarecki, S.; Nygren, D. R.; Przybylski, G. T.; Stezelberger, T.; Stokstad, R. 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M.; Hickford, S.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Berley, D.; Blaufuss, E.; Christy, B.; Ellsworth, R. W.; Goodman, J. A.; Hellauer, R.; Hoffman, K. D.; Huelsnitz, W.; Meagher, K.; Olivas, A.; Redl, P.; Richman, M.; Schmidt, T.; Sullivan, G. W.; Wissing, H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Pfendner, C.; Rott, C.; Stamatikos, M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.; Davis, J. C.; Pfendner, C.; Rott, C.; Stamatikos, M.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beatty, J. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Clevermann, F.; Frantzen, K.; Fuchs, T.; Koehne, J. -H.; Milke, N.; Pieloth, D.; Rhode, W.; Ruhe, T.; Scheriau, F.; Schmitz, M.; Ziemann, J.] TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Phys, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. [Bohaichuk, S.; Grant, D.; Nowicki, S. C.; Sheremata, C.; Wood, T. R.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada. [Aguilar, J. A.; Montaruli, T.] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Nucl & Corpusculaire, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Abdou, Y.; Carson, M.; De Ridder, S.; de Vries-Uiterweerd, G.; Feusels, T.; Ismail, A. Haj; Jlelati, O.; Ryckbosch, D.; Van Overloop, A.; Vraeghe, M.] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Barwick, S. W.; Yodh, G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Bruijn, R.; Cohen, S.; Ribordy, M.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, High Energy Phys Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Besson, D. Z.] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Gallagher, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Abbasi, R.; Ahlers, M.; Auffenberg, J.; Baker, M.; BenZvi, S.; Chirkin, D.; Desiati, P.; Diaz-Velez, J. C.; Eisch, J.; Fadiran, O.; Feintzeig, J.; Gladstone, L.; Halzen, F.; Hoshina, K.; Jacobsen, J.; Jero, K.; Karle, A.; Kelley, J. L.; Kopper, C.; Krasberg, M.; Kurahashi, N.; Landsman, H.; Maruyama, R.; McNally, F.; Merck, M.; Morse, R.; Riedel, B.; Rodrigues, J. P.; Santander, M.; Toscano, S.; van Santen, J.; Weaver, Ch.; Wellons, M.; Wendt, C.; Westerhoff, S.; Whitehorn, N.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Abbasi, R.; Ahlers, M.; Auffenberg, J.; Baker, M.; BenZvi, S.; Chirkin, D.; Desiati, P.; Diaz-Velez, J. C.; Eisch, J.; Fadiran, O.; Feintzeig, J.; Gladstone, L.; Halzen, F.; Hoshina, K.; Jacobsen, J.; Jero, K.; Karle, A.; Kelley, J. L.; Kopper, C.; Krasberg, M.; Kurahashi, N.; Landsman, H.; Maruyama, R.; McNally, F.; Merck, M.; Morse, R.; Riedel, B.; Rodrigues, J. P.; Santander, M.; Toscano, S.; van Santen, J.; Weaver, Ch.; Wellons, M.; Wendt, C.; Westerhoff, S.; Whitehorn, N.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophys Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Baum, V.; Eberhardt, B.; Koepke, L.; Kroll, G.; Luenemann, J.; Sander, H. -G.; Schatto, K.; Wiebe, K.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany. [Kohnen, G.] Univ Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium. [Bernhard, A.; Gross, A.; Leute, J.; Odrowski, S.; Resconi, E.; Schulz, O.; Sestayo, Y.] Tech Univ Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Bai, X.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Hussain, S.; Kuwabara, T.; Ruzybayev, B.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Tamburro, A.; Tilav, S.; Xu, C.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Bai, X.; Evenson, P. A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Hussain, S.; Kuwabara, T.; Ruzybayev, B.; Seckel, D.; Stanev, T.; Tamburro, A.; Tilav, S.; Xu, C.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Sarkar, S.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. [Madsen, J.; Seunarine, S.; Spiczak, G. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. [Bohm, C.; Danninger, M.; Finley, C.; Flis, S.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Seo, S. H.; Walck, C.; Wolf, M.; Zoll, M.] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Bohm, C.; Danninger, M.; Finley, C.; Flis, S.; Hulth, P. O.; Hultqvist, K.; Seo, S. H.; Walck, C.; Wolf, M.; Zoll, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kiryluk, J.; Lesiak-Bzdak, M.; Niederhausen, H.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Larson, M. J.; Pepper, J. A.; Toale, P. A.; Williams, D. R.; Xu, D. L.; Zarzhitsky, P.] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Cowen, D. F.; Meszaros, P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Bell, M.; Clark, K.; Cowen, D. F.; DeYoung, T.; Dunkman, M.; Eagan, R.; Koskinen, D. J.; Meszaros, P.; Salameh, T.; Smith, M. W. E.; Wasserman, R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Boersma, D. J.; Botner, O.; Engdegard, O.; Hallgren, A.; de los Heros, C. Perez; Strom, R.; Taavola, H.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Becker, K. -H.; Bindig, D.; Fischer-Wasels, T.; Gurtner, M.; Helbing, K.; Hoffmann, R.; Klaes, J.; Kopper, S.; Naumann, U.; Obertacke, A.; Posselt, J.; Soldin, D.] Univ Wuppertal, Dept Phys, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany. [Ackermann, M.; Benabderrahmane, M. L.; Berdermann, J.; Berghaus, P.; Bernardini, E.; Brunner, J.; Silva, A. H. Cruz; Franke, R.; Gluesenkamp, T.; Gora, D.; Jacobi, E.; Kaminsky, B.; Karg, T.; Kislat, F.; Middell, E.; Mohrmann, L.; Nahnhauer, R.; Pirk, N.; Schoenwald, A.; Spiering, C.; Stoessl, A.; Yanez, J. P.] DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany. [Montaruli, T.] Sezione Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Dipartimento Fis, I-70126 Bari, Italy. RP Aartsen, MG (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RI Taavola, Henric/B-4497-2011; Maruyama, Reina/A-1064-2013; Beatty, James/D-9310-2011; Sarkar, Subir/G-5978-2011; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; Wiebusch, Christopher/G-6490-2012; Auffenberg, Jan/D-3954-2014; Koskinen, David/G-3236-2014; Brunner, Juergen/G-3540-2015; Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/H-4467-2015 OI Taavola, Henric/0000-0002-2604-2810; Buitink, Stijn/0000-0002-6177-497X; Carson, Michael/0000-0003-0400-7819; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866; Benabderrahmane, Mohamed Lotfi/0000-0003-4410-5886; Maruyama, Reina/0000-0003-2794-512X; Beatty, James/0000-0003-0481-4952; Sarkar, Subir/0000-0002-3542-858X; Wiebusch, Christopher/0000-0002-6418-3008; Auffenberg, Jan/0000-0002-1185-9094; Rott, Carsten/0000-0002-6958-6033; Ter-Antonyan, Samvel/0000-0002-5788-1369; Schukraft, Anne/0000-0002-9112-5479; Koskinen, David/0000-0002-0514-5917; Brunner, Juergen/0000-0002-5052-7236; Aguilar Sanchez, Juan Antonio/0000-0003-2252-9514 FU U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs; U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division; University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Grid Laboratory Of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison; Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure; U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), and Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO), FWO Odysseus programme, Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT), and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Australian Research Council; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland FX We thank H. Silverwood for his support on SUSY model scans. We acknowledge the support from the following agencies: U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, University of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the Grid Laboratory Of Wisconsin (GLOW) grid infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the Open Science Grid (OSG) grid infrastructure, U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, and the Louisiana Optical Network Initiative (LONI) grid computing resources; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), and Research Department of Plasmas with Complex Interactions (Bochum), Germany; Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS-FWO), FWO Odysseus programme, Flanders Institute to encourage scientific and technological research in industry (IWT), and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Marsden Fund, New Zealand; Australian Research Council; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); and the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland. NR 51 TC 158 Z9 158 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 AR 131302 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.131302 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 115GG UT WOS:000316800000001 PM 23581307 ER PT J AU Blackburn, E Chang, J Hucker, M Holmes, AT Christensen, NB Liang, RX Bonn, DA Hardy, WN Rutt, U Gutowski, O von Zimmermann, M Forgan, EM Hayden, SM AF Blackburn, E. Chang, J. Huecker, M. Holmes, A. T. Christensen, N. B. Liang, Ruixing Bonn, D. A. Hardy, W. N. Ruett, U. Gutowski, O. v Zimmermann, M. Forgan, E. M. Hayden, S. M. TI X-Ray Diffraction Observations of a Charge-Density-Wave Order in Superconducting Ortho-II YBa2Cu3O6.54 Single Crystals in Zero Magnetic Field SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERMI-SURFACE; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTORS; QUANTUM OSCILLATIONS; STRIPE ORDER AB X-ray diffraction measurements show that the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O6.54, with ortho-II oxygen order, has charge-density-wave order in the absence of an applied magnetic field. The dominant wave vector of the charge density wave is q(CDW) = (0, 0.328(2), 0.5), with the in-plane component parallel to the b axis (chain direction). It has a similar incommensurability to that observed in ortho-VIII and ortho-III samples, which have different dopings and oxygen orderings. Our results for ortho-II contrast with recent high-field NMR measurements, which suggest a commensurate wave vector along the a axis. We discuss the relationship between spin and charge correlations in YBa2Cu3Oy and recent high-field quantum oscillation, NMR, and ultrasound experiments. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.137004 C1 [Blackburn, E.; Holmes, A. T.; Forgan, E. M.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Chang, J.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Matiere Complexe, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Chang, J.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Huecker, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Christensen, N. B.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Liang, Ruixing; Bonn, D. A.; Hardy, W. N.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Liang, Ruixing; Bonn, D. A.; Hardy, W. N.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. [Ruett, U.; Gutowski, O.; v Zimmermann, M.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany. [Hayden, S. M.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. RP Blackburn, E (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. EM johan.chang@epfl.ch RI Blackburn, Elizabeth/C-2312-2014; Chang, Johan/F-1506-2014; Christensen, Niels/A-3947-2012; Holmes, Alexander/B-5485-2013; Hayden, Stephen/F-4162-2011 OI Chang, Johan/0000-0002-4655-1516; Christensen, Niels/0000-0001-6443-2142; Holmes, Alexander/0000-0002-3069-3069; Hayden, Stephen/0000-0002-3209-027X FU EPSRC [EP/G027161/1, EP/J015423/1, EP/J016977/1]; Wolfson Foundation; Royal Society; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Danish Agency for Science, Technology, and Innovation under DANSCATT; Swiss National Science Foundation through NCCR-MaNEP [PZ00P2_142434] FX This work was supported by the EPSRC (Grants No. EP/G027161/1, No. EP/J015423/1, and No. EP/J016977/1); the Wolfson Foundation; the Royal Society; the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886; the Danish Agency for Science, Technology, and Innovation under DANSCATT; and the Swiss National Science Foundation through NCCR-MaNEP and Grant No. PZ00P2_142434. We thank M. W. Long, C. Proust, B. Vignolle, and D. LeBoeuf for discussions. NR 26 TC 116 Z9 116 U1 3 U2 72 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 AR 137004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.137004 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 115GG UT WOS:000316800000019 PM 23581362 ER PT J AU Chang, L Cloet, IC Cobos-Martinez, JJ Roberts, CD Schmidt, SM Tandy, PC AF Chang, Lei Cloet, I. C. Cobos-Martinez, J. J. Roberts, C. D. Schmidt, S. M. Tandy, P. C. TI Imaging Dynamical Chiral-Symmetry Breaking: Pion Wave Function on the Light Front SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EQUATION; QCD AB We project onto the light front the pion's Poincare-covariant Bethe-Salpeter wave function obtained using two different approximations to the kernels of quantum chromodynamics' Dyson-Schwinger equations. At an hadronic scale, both computed results are concave and significantly broader than the asymptotic distribution amplitude, phi(asy)(pi) (x) = 6x(1 - x); e.g., the integral of phi(pi)(x)/phi(asy)(pi)(x) is 1.8 using the simplest kernel and 1.5 with the more sophisticated kernel. Independent of the kernels, the emergent phenomenon of dynamical chiral-symmetry breaking is responsible for hardening the amplitude. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.132001 C1 [Chang, Lei] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Cloet, I. C.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, CSSM, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Cloet, I. C.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, CoEPP, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Cloet, I. C.; Roberts, C. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cobos-Martinez, J. J.; Tandy, P. C.] Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Nucl Res, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Cobos-Martinez, J. J.] Univ Sonora, Dept Fis, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico. [Roberts, C. D.] IIT, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Schmidt, S. M.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Adv Simulat, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Schmidt, S. M.] JARA, D-52425 Julich, Germany. RP Chang, L (reprint author), Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Kernphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany. FU Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH; University of Adelaide and Australian Research Council [FL0992247]; Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science Foundation [NSF-PHY-0903991] FX This work was supported by Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH; University of Adelaide and Australian Research Council through Grant No. FL0992247; Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357; and National Science Foundation, Grant No. NSF-PHY-0903991. NR 23 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 AR 132001 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.132001 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 115GG UT WOS:000316800000003 PM 23581311 ER PT J AU Gauthier, M Chen, SN Levy, A Audebert, P Blancard, C Ceccotti, T Cerchez, M Doria, D Floquet, V Lamour, E Peth, C Romagnani, L Rozet, JP Scheinder, M Shepherd, R Toncian, T Vernhet, D Willi, O Borghesi, M Faussurier, G Fuchs, J AF Gauthier, M. Chen, S. N. Levy, A. Audebert, P. Blancard, C. Ceccotti, T. Cerchez, M. Doria, D. Floquet, V. Lamour, E. Peth, C. Romagnani, L. Rozet, J. -P. Scheinder, M. Shepherd, R. Toncian, T. Vernhet, D. Willi, O. Borghesi, M. Faussurier, G. Fuchs, J. TI Charge Equilibrium of a Laser-Generated Carbon-Ion Beam in Warm Dense Matter SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FAST HEAVY-IONS; STOPPING POWERS; ENERGY-LOSS; STATES; SOLIDS; DISTRIBUTIONS; SURFACE; PLASMA; FOIL AB Using ion carbon beams generated by high intensity short pulse lasers we perform measurements of single shot mean charge equilibration in cold or isochorically heated solid density aluminum matter. We demonstrate that plasma effects in such matter heated up to 1 eV do not significantly impact the equilibration of carbon ions with energies 0.045-0: 5 MeV/nucleon. Furthermore, these measurements allow for a first evaluation of semiempirical formulas or ab initio models that are being used to predict the mean of the equilibrium charge state distribution for light ions passing through warm dense matter. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135003 C1 [Gauthier, M.; Chen, S. N.; Levy, A.; Audebert, P.; Romagnani, L.; Fuchs, J.] Univ Paris 06, Ecole Polytech, CNRS, LULI,CEA, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Gauthier, M.; Blancard, C.; Faussurier, G.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [Ceccotti, T.; Floquet, V.] CEA, Serv Photons Atomes & Mol, CEN Saclay, DSM,IRAMIS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Cerchez, M.; Peth, C.; Toncian, T.; Willi, O.] Univ Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. [Doria, D.; Borghesi, M.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Lamour, E.; Rozet, J. -P.; Vernhet, D.] Univ Paris 06, INSP, F-75005 Paris, France. [Scheinder, M.; Shepherd, R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Borghesi, M.] ELI Beamlines Project, ASCR, Inst Phys, Prague 18221, Czech Republic. RP Gauthier, M (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Ecole Polytech, CNRS, LULI,CEA, Route Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. EM julien.fuchs@polytechnique.fr RI Borghesi, Marco/K-2974-2012; gauthier, Maxence/K-2578-2014; Fuchs, Julien/D-3450-2016; Doria, Domenico/C-9556-2016; OI gauthier, Maxence/0000-0001-6608-9325; Fuchs, Julien/0000-0001-9765-0787; Doria, Domenico/0000-0001-8776-5791; chen, sophia n./0000-0002-3372-7666 FU LULI technical team; National Science Foundation [1064468]; LASERLAB Europe [001528]; EPSRC (LIBRA consortium) [EP/E035728/1, EP/I029206/1]; Triangle de la Physique RTRA network; DFG Transregio [SFB-TR 18]; GRK 1203 programs; ELI [CZ.1.05/1.1.00/483/02.0061]; OPVK 3 [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0279]; [ANR-11-IDEX-004-02] FX We acknowledge the support of the LULI technical team. We thank Michel Boustie and Laurent Berthe for use of their equipment. This work has been partly performed within the Labex PLAS@PAR, funded by the ANR-11-IDEX-004-02 contract. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, Grant No. 1064468, LASERLAB Europe, Grant No. 001528, EPSRC Grants No. EP/E035728/1 (LIBRA consortium) and No. EP/I029206/1, and the ULIMAC grant from the Triangle de la Physique RTRA network. Authors M. C., C. P., T. T., and O. W. acknowledge the support received during this work by the DFG Transregio SFB-TR 18 and GRK 1203 programs. Author M. B. acknowledges funding from projects ELI (Grant No. CZ.1.05/1.1.00/483/02.0061) and OPVK 3 (Grant No. CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0279). NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 45 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 AR 135003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135003 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 115GG UT WOS:000316800000009 PM 23581330 ER PT J AU Le, A Egedal, J Ohia, O Daughton, W Karimabadi, H Lukin, VS AF Le, A. Egedal, J. Ohia, O. Daughton, W. Karimabadi, H. Lukin, V. S. TI Regimes of the Electron Diffusion Region in Magnetic Reconnection SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CURRENT SHEETS; MOTION AB The electron diffusion region during magnetic reconnection lies in different regimes depending on the pressure anisotropy, which is regulated by the properties of thermal electron orbits. In kinetic simulations at the weakest guide fields, pitch angle mixing in velocity space causes the outflow electron pressure to become nearly isotropic. Above a threshold guide field that depends on a range of parameters, including the normalized electron pressure and the ion-to-electron mass ratio, electron pressure anisotropy develops in the exhaust and supports extended current layers. This new regime with electron current sheets extending to the system size is also reproduced by fluid simulations with an anisotropic closure for the electron pressure. It offers an explanation for recent spacecraft observations. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135004 C1 [Le, A.; Egedal, J.; Ohia, O.] MIT, Dept Phys, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Daughton, W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Karimabadi, H.] SciberQuest, Del Mar, CA 92014 USA. [Lukin, V. S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Le, A (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RI Daughton, William/L-9661-2013 FU DOE Junior Faculty [DE-FG02-06ER54878]; NASA [NNH11CC65C]; NASA Heliophysics Theory Program; NASA Solar and Heliospheric Physics Program FX The work was funded in part by DOE Junior Faculty Grant No. DE-FG02-06ER54878 and NASA Grant No. NNH11CC65C. Contributions from W. D. were supported by the NASA Heliophysics Theory Program and from V. S. L. were supported by the NASA Solar and Heliospheric Physics Program. Simulations were performed on Pleiades provided by NASA's HEC Program, on Hopper provided by NERSC, and with Los Alamos Institutional Computing resources. NR 24 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 AR 135004 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135004 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 115GG UT WOS:000316800000010 PM 23581331 ER PT J AU Niu, XB Stagon, SP Huang, HC Baldwin, JK Misra, A AF Niu, Xiaobin Stagon, Stephen P. Huang, Hanchen Baldwin, J. Kevin Misra, Amit TI Smallest Metallic Nanorods Using Physical Vapor Deposition SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SIZE AB Physical vapor deposition provides a controllable means of growing two-dimensional metallic thin films and one-dimensional metallic nanorods. While theories exist for the growth of metallic thin films, their counterpart for the growth of metallic nanorods is absent. Because of this absence, the lower limit of the nanorod diameter is theoretically unknown; consequently the experimental pursuit of the smallest nanorods has no clear target. This Letter reports a closed-form theory that defines the diameter of the smallest metallic nanorods using physical vapor deposition. Further, the authors verify the theory using lattice kinetic Monte Carlo simulations and validate the theory using published experimental data. Finally, the authors carry out a series of theory-guided experiments to grow well-separated metallic nanorods of similar to 10 nm in diameter, which are the smallest ever reported using physical vapor deposition. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.136102 C1 [Niu, Xiaobin; Stagon, Stephen P.; Huang, Hanchen] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Baldwin, J. Kevin; Misra, Amit] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Huang, HC (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM hanchen@uconn.edu RI Huang, Hanchen/A-9323-2008; Misra, Amit/H-1087-2012 FU U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Science [DE-FG02-09ER46562] FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of the U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Science (DE-FG02-09ER46562) and access to user facilities at the Center for Integrated NanoTechnologies at Los Alamos and Sandia National Laboratories. X. N. and S. P. S. contributed equally to this work. NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 41 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 AR 136102 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.136102 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 115GG UT WOS:000316800000014 PM 23581346 ER PT J AU Yurkevich, IV Galda, A Yevtushenko, OM Lerner, IV AF Yurkevich, Igor V. Galda, Alexey Yevtushenko, Oleg M. Lerner, Igor V. TI Duality of Weak and Strong Scatterer in a Luttinger Liquid Coupled to Massless Bosons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEISENBERG ANTIFERROMAGNETIC CHAINS; DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; CARBON NANOTUBES; MODEL; SYSTEM; LOCALIZATION; SINGULARITY; CONDUCTANCE; IMPURITIES; TRANSPORT AB We study electronic transport in a Luttinger liquid with an embedded impurity, which is either a weak scatterer (WS) or a weak link (WL), when interacting electrons are coupled to one-dimensional massless bosons (e.g., acoustic phonons). We find that the duality relation, Delta(WS) Delta(WL) = 1, between scaling dimensions of the electron backscattering in the WS and WL limits, established for the standard Luttinger liquid, holds in the presence of the additional coupling for an arbitrary fixed strength of boson scattering from the impurity. This means that at low temperatures such a system remains either an ideal insulator or an ideal metal, regardless of the scattering strength. On the other hand, when fermion and boson scattering from the impurity are correlated, the system has a rich phase diagram that includes a metal-insulator transition at some intermediate values of the scattering. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.136405 C1 [Yurkevich, Igor V.] Aston Univ, Nonlinear & Complex Res Grp, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, England. [Yurkevich, Igor V.; Galda, Alexey; Lerner, Igor V.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Yurkevich, Igor V.; Yevtushenko, Oleg M.; Lerner, Igor V.] Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34100 Trieste, Italy. [Yurkevich, Igor V.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Nanotechnol, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Galda, Alexey] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Yevtushenko, Oleg M.] Univ Munich, Arnold Sommerfeld Ctr, DE-80333 Munich, Germany. [Yevtushenko, Oleg M.] Univ Munich, Ctr Nanosci, DE-80333 Munich, Germany. RP Yurkevich, IV (reprint author), Aston Univ, Nonlinear & Complex Res Grp, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, England. OI Yurkevich, Igor/0000-0003-1447-8913 FU Leverhulme Trust [RPG-380]; DFG [SFB TR-12]; Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Nanoscience; DOE Office of Science [DEAC02-06CH11357] FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the Leverhulme Trust via the Grant No. RPG-380 (I. V. Y. and I. V. L.) and the DFG through SFB TR-12 (O. M. Y. and I. V. Y.), as well as partial support from the Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Nanoscience (I. V. Y.) and from the DOE Office of Science (A. G.) under the Contract No. DEAC02-06CH11357. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 28 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 AR 136405 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.136405 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 115GG UT WOS:000316800000016 PM 23581351 ER PT J AU Liu, YL Barua, D Liu, P Wilson, BS Oliver, JM Hlavacek, WS Singh, AK AF Liu, Yanli Barua, Dipak Liu, Peng Wilson, Bridget S. Oliver, Janet M. Hlavacek, William S. Singh, Anup K. TI Single-Cell Measurements of IgE-Mediated Fc epsilon RI Signaling Using an Integrated Microfluidic Platform SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RBL-2H3 MAST-CELLS; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; EARLY EVENTS; ACTIVATION; DYNAMICS; LYN; RECEPTOR; PATHWAYS AB Heterogeneity in responses of cells to a stimulus, such as a pathogen or allergen, can potentially play an important role in deciding the fate of the responding cell population and the overall systemic response. Measuring heterogeneous responses requires tools capable of interrogating individual cells. Cell signaling studies commonly do not have single-cell resolution because of the limitations of techniques used such as Westerns, ELISAs, mass spectrometry, and DNA microarrays. Microfluidics devices are increasingly being used to overcome these limitations. Here, we report on a microfluidic platform for cell signaling analysis that combines two orthogonal single-cell measurement technologies: on-chip flow cytometry and optical imaging. The device seamlessly integrates cell culture, stimulation, and preparation with downstream measurements permitting hands-free, automated analysis to minimize experimental variability. The platform was used to interrogate IgE receptor (Fc epsilon RI) signaling, which is responsible for triggering allergic reactions, in RBL-2H3 cells. Following on-chip crosslinking of IgE-Fc epsilon RI complexes by multivalent antigen, we monitored signaling events including protein phosphorylation, calcium mobilization and the release of inflammatory mediators. The results demonstrate the ability of our platform to produce quantitative measurements on a cell-by-cell basis from just a few hundred cells. Model-based analysis of the Syk phosphorylation data suggests that heterogeneity in Syk phosphorylation can be attributed to protein copy number variations, with the level of Syk phosphorylation being particularly sensitive to the copy number of Lyn. C1 [Liu, Yanli; Liu, Peng; Singh, Anup K.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biotechnol & Bioengn Dept, Livermore, CA USA. [Barua, Dipak; Hlavacek, William S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Barua, Dipak; Hlavacek, William S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wilson, Bridget S.; Oliver, Janet M.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Pathol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Wilson, Bridget S.; Oliver, Janet M.] Univ New Mexico, Ctr Canc, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Singh, AK (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Biotechnol & Bioengn Dept, Livermore, CA USA. EM aksingh@sandia.gov OI Hlavacek, William/0000-0003-4383-8711 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences [P50GM085273]; United States Department of Energy [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We thank Amanda Carroll-Portillo and Anna Holmes of University of New Mexico, and Thomas Perroud, Nimisha Srivastava, Ronald F. Renzi, Jim Van De Vreugde and Jim He of Sandia National Laboratories for providing materials and assistance with instrumentation. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corp., a Lockheed Martin Co., for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.; This work was supported by National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences grant P50GM085273. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; Yanli Liu, Peng Liu, and K. Singh are employed by Sandia National Laboratories. The authors thank Sandia National Laboratories for providing materials and assistance with instrumentation. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corp., a Lockheed Martin Co., for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. NR 60 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 39 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e60159 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0060159 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 124QO UT WOS:000317480700090 PM 23544131 ER PT J AU Roth, MS Fan, TY Deheyn, DD AF Roth, Melissa S. Fan, Tung-Yung Deheyn, Dimitri D. TI Life History Changes in Coral Fluorescence and the Effects of Light Intensity on Larval Physiology and Settlement in Seriatopora hystrix SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID REEF-BUILDING CORALS; GFP-LIKE PROTEINS; POCILLOPORA-DAMICORNIS; SCLERACTINIAN CORALS; CENSUS TECHNIQUES; GENE-EXPRESSION; SOUTHERN TAIWAN; PLANULA LARVAE; UV-RADIATION; RED-SEA AB Fluorescence is common in both coral adult and larval stages, and is produced by fluorescent proteins that absorb higher energy light and emit lower energy light. This study investigated the changes of coral fluorescence in different life histo stages and the effects of parental light environment on larval fluorescence, larval endosymbiotic dinoflagellate abundance, larval size and settlement in the brooding coral Seriatopora hystrix. Data showed that coral fluorescence changed during development from green in larvae to cyan in adult colonies. In larvae, two green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) co-occur where the peak emission of one GFP overlaps with the peak excitation of the second GFP allowing the potential for energy transfer. Coral larvae showed great variation in GFP fluorescence, dinoflagellate abundance, and size. There was no obvious relationship between green fluorescence intensity and dirioflagellate abundance, green fluorescence intensity and larval size, or dinoflagellate abundance and larval size. Larvae of parents from high and low light treatments showed similar green fluorescence intensity, yet small but significant differences in size, dinoflagellate abundance, and settlement. The large variation in larval physiology combined with subtle effects of parental environment on larval characteristics seem to indicate that even though adult corals produce larvae with a wide range of physiological capacities, these larvae can still show small preferences for settling in similar habitats as their parents. These data highlight the importance of environmental conditions at the onset of life history and parent colony effects on coral larvae. C1 [Roth, Melissa S.; Deheyn, Dimitri D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Fan, Tung-Yung] Natl Museum Marine Biol & Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan. [Fan, Tung-Yung] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Inst Marine Biodivers & Evolut, Pingtung, Taiwan. RP Roth, MS (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA USA. EM Melissa.S.Roth@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation East Asia and Pacific Summer Institutes; National Science Council in Taiwan; Air Force Office of Scientific Research Biomimetics, Biomaterials, and Biointerfacial Sciences program [FA9550-07-1-0027] FX This research was supported by a National Science Foundation East Asia and Pacific Summer Institutes (MSR); the National Science Council in Taiwan (MSR); the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Biomimetics, Biomaterials, and Biointerfacial Sciences program (grant # FA9550-07-1-0027; DDD). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 61 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 31 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59476 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059476 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 124QO UT WOS:000317480700032 PM 23544072 ER PT J AU Ding, MN Star, A AF Ding, Mengning Star, Alexander TI Synthesis of One-Dimensional SiC Nanostructures from a Glassy Buckypaper SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE SiC nanorods; SiC nanowires; carbon nanotubes; silicate; high-temperature sensors ID SILICON-CARBIDE NANOTUBES; FIELD-EMISSION PROPERTIES; CARBON NANOTUBES; NANOWIRE ARRAYS; ARC-DISCHARGE; ELECTRONICS; TEMPLATES; NANORODS; WHISKERS; RAMAN AB A simple and scalable synthetic strategy was developed for the fabrication of one-dimensional SiC nanostructures-nanorods and nanowires. Thin sheets of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were prepared by vacuum filtration and were washed repeatedly with sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solution. The resulting "glassy buckypaper" was heated at 1300-1500 degrees C under Ar/H-2 to allow a solid state reaction between C and Si precursors to form a variety of SiC nanostructures. The morphology and crystal structures of SIC nanorods and nanowires were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), electron diffraction (ED), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Furthermore, electrical conductance measurements were performed on SiC nanorods, demonstrating their potential applications in high-temperature sensors and control systems. C1 [Ding, Mengning; Star, Alexander] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Ding, Mengning; Star, Alexander] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Star, A (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM astar@pitt.edu RI Ding, Mengning/P-6354-2014 FU ongoing research in sensor systems and diagnostics at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) under URS contract [DE-FE0004000] FX This work was performed in support of ongoing research in sensor systems and diagnostics at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) under URS contract DE-FE0004000. We thank the Nanoscale Fabrication & Characterization Facility (NFCF) for the access to the XRD and electron microscopy instrumentations and Dr. Susheng Tan for the assistance with HR-TEM and SAED. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 61 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1944-8244 J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1928 EP 1936 DI 10.1021/am3031008 PG 9 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 118NJ UT WOS:000317031900009 PM 23427809 ER PT J AU Wirth, M Madison, CM Rabinovici, GD Oh, H Landau, SM Jagust, WJ AF Wirth, Miranka Madison, Cindee M. Rabinovici, Gil D. Oh, Hwamee Landau, Susan M. Jagust, William J. TI Alzheimer's Disease Neurodegenerative Biomarkers Are Associated with Decreased Cognitive Function but Not beta-Amyloid in Cognitively Normal Older Individuals SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PITTSBURGH COMPOUND-B; SURFACE-BASED ANALYSIS; HUMAN CEREBRAL-CORTEX; CORTICAL SURFACE; DIAGNOSTIC GUIDELINES; NATIONAL INSTITUTE; COORDINATE SYSTEM; ELDERLY-PEOPLE; CSF BIOMARKERS; NORMAL ADULTS AB beta-Amyloid (A beta) plaque deposition and neurodegeneration within temporoparietal and hippocampal regions may indicate increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study examined relationships between AD biomarkers of A beta and neurodegeneration as well as cognitive performance in cognitively normal older individuals. A beta burden was quantified in 72 normal older human subjects from the Berkeley Aging Cohort (BAC) using [C-11] Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) positron emission tomography. In the same individuals, we measured hippocampal volume, as well as glucose metabolism and cortical thickness, which were extracted from a template of cortical AD-affected regions. The three functional and structural biomarkers were merged into a highly AD-sensitive multimodality biomarker reflecting neural integrity. In the normal older individuals, there was no association between elevated PIB uptake and either the single-modality or the multimodality neurodegenerative biomarkers. Lower neural integrity within the AD-affected regions and a control area (the visual cortex) was related to lower scores on memory and executive function tests; the same association was not found with PIB retention. The relationship between cognition and the multimodality AD biomarker was stronger in individuals with the highest PIB uptake. The findings indicate that neurodegeneration occurs within AD regions regardless of A beta deposition and accounts for worse cognition in cognitively normal older people. The impact of neural integrity on cognitive functions is, however, enhanced in the presence of high A beta burden for brain regions that are most affected in AD. C1 [Wirth, Miranka; Madison, Cindee M.; Rabinovici, Gil D.; Oh, Hwamee; Landau, Susan M.; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rabinovici, Gil D.; Landau, Susan M.; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rabinovici, Gil D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, Memory & Aging Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA. RP Wirth, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, 132 Barker Hall,3190, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM miranka.wirth@gmail.com FU Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (National Institutes of Health) [U01 AG024904]; National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Abbott; Alzheimer's Association [NIRG-07-59422]; Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation; Amorfix Life Sciences Ltd.; AstraZeneca; Bayer HealthCare; BioClinica, Inc.; Biogen Idec Inc.; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Eisai Inc.; Elan Pharmaceuticals Inc.; Eli Lilly and Company; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; GE Healthcare; Innogenetics, N.V.; IXICO Ltd.; Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research and Development, LLC; Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development LLC; Medpace, Inc.; Merck; Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Pfizer Inc.; Servier; Synarc Inc.; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; NIH [P30-AG010129, K01-AG030514, AG034570, K23-AG031861, P01-AG1972403, P50-AG023501]; John Douglas French Alzheimer's Foundation; State of California Department of Health Services Alzheimer's Disease Research Center of California [04-33516]; Swiss National Science Foundation [PA00P1_131515] FX Data collection and sharing for this project was funded by the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (National Institutes of Health Grant U01 AG024904). ADNI is funded by the National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, and through generous contributions from the following: Abbott; Alzheimer's Association; Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation; Amorfix Life Sciences Ltd.; AstraZeneca; Bayer HealthCare; BioClinica, Inc.; Biogen Idec Inc.; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Eisai Inc.; Elan Pharmaceuticals Inc.; Eli Lilly and Company; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. and its affiliated company Genentech, Inc.; GE Healthcare; Innogenetics, N.V.; IXICO Ltd.; Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy Research and Development, LLC; Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development LLC; Medpace, Inc.; Merck; Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Pfizer Inc.; Servier; Synarc Inc.; and Takeda Pharmaceutical Company. The Canadian Institutes of Health Research is providing funds to support ADNI clinical sites in Canada. Private sector contributions are facilitated by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (www.fnih.org). The grantee organization is the Northern California Institute for Research and Education, and the study is coordinated by the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study at the University of California, San Diego. ADNI data are disseminated by the Laboratory for Neuro Imaging at the University of California, Los Angeles. This research was also supported by NIH Grants P30-AG010129, K01-AG030514, AG034570, K23-AG031861, P01-AG1972403, and P50-AG023501, the Alzheimer's Association Grant NIRG-07-59422, the John Douglas French Alzheimer's Foundation, the State of California Department of Health Services Alzheimer's Disease Research Center of California Grant 04-33516, and the Swiss National Science Foundation Grant PA00P1_131515. We thank Suzanne Baker, Grace Tang, and Pia Ghosh for their help in data processing as well as Sylvia Villeneuve and Rik Ossenkoppele for their knowledgeable comments in data discussion. Further, we express our gratitude to Tad Haight for his statistical counsel, Bruce Miller of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Memory and Aging Center for patient referrals, and Michael W. Weiner of the VA Medical Center and UCSF for the MRI scanning of the UCSF Alzheimer's disease patients. NR 78 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 15 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 33 IS 13 BP 5553 EP 5563 DI 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4409-12.2013 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 117JD UT WOS:000316948600013 PM 23536070 ER PT J AU Lee, S Cheng, C Guo, H Hippalgaonkar, K Wang, K Suh, J Liu, K Wu, JQ AF Lee, Sangwook Cheng, Chun Guo, Hua Hippalgaonkar, Kedar Wang, Kevin Suh, Joonki Liu, Kai Wu, Junqiao TI Axially Engineered Metal-Insulator Phase Transition by Graded Doping VO2 Nanowires SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID VANADIUM DIOXIDE NANOBEAMS; DOPED VO2; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FILMS; TEMPERATURE; ORGANIZATION; DOMAINS; DRIVEN; SWITCH AB The abrupt first-order metal-insulator phase transition in single-crystal vanadium dioxide nanowires (NWs) is engineered to be a gradual transition by axially grading the doping level of tungsten. We also demonstrate the potential of these NWs for thermal sensing and actuation applications. At room temperature, the graded-doped NWs show metal phase on the tips and insulator phase near the center of the NW, and the metal phase grows progressively toward the center when the temperature rises. As such, each individual NW acts as a microthermometer that can be simply read out with an optical microscope. The NW resistance decreases gradually with the temperature rise, eventually reaching 2 orders of magnitude drop, in stark contrast to the abrupt resistance change in undoped VO2 wires. This novel phase transition yields an extremely high temperature coefficient of resistivity similar to 10%/K, simultaneously with a very low resistivity down to 0.001 Omega.cm, making these NWs promising infrared sensing materials for uncooled microbolometers. Lastly, they form bimorph thermal actuators that bend with an unusually high curvature, similar to 900 m(-1).K-1 over a wide temperature range (35-80 degrees C), significantly broadening the response temperature range of previous VO2 bimorph actuators. Given that the phase transition responds to a diverse range of stimuli-heat, electric current, strain, focused light, and electric field-the graded-doped NWs may find wide applications in thermo-opto-electro-mechanical sensing and energy conversion. C1 [Lee, Sangwook; Cheng, Chun; Wang, Kevin; Suh, Joonki; Liu, Kai; Wu, Junqiao] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hippalgaonkar, Kedar] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Guo, Hua] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Liu, Kai; Wu, Junqiao] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Wu, JQ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM wuj@berkeley.edu RI cheng, chun/B-5043-2011; Guo, Hua/D-5066-2013; Liu, Kai/A-4754-2012; Wu, Junqiao/G-7840-2011; Hippalgaonkar, Kedar/K-2196-2015; Lee, Sangwook/O-9166-2015; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014 OI cheng, chun/0000-0001-7319-4393; Liu, Kai/0000-0002-0638-5189; Wu, Junqiao/0000-0002-1498-0148; Lee, Sangwook/0000-0002-3535-0241; FU National Science Foundation [ECCS-1101779] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. ECCS-1101779. NR 50 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 11 U2 134 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 135 IS 12 BP 4850 EP 4855 DI 10.1021/ja400658u PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 118NK UT WOS:000317032000052 PM 23465080 ER PT J AU Li, HH Shabani, A Sarovar, M Whaley, KB AF Li, Hanhan Shabani, Alireza Sarovar, Mohan Whaley, K. Birgitta TI Optimality of qubit purification protocols in the presence of imperfections SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID FEEDBACK-CONTROL; QUANTUM FEEDBACK AB Quantum control is an essential tool for the operation of quantum technologies such as quantum computers, simulators, and sensors. Although there are sophisticated theoretical tools for developing quantum control protocols, formulating optimal protocols while incorporating experimental conditions remains a challenge. In this paper, motivated by recent advances in realization of real-time feedback control in circuit quantum electrodynamics systems, we study the effect of experimental imperfections on the optimality of qubit purification protocols. Specifically, we find that the optimal control solutions in the presence of detector inefficiency and non-negligible decoherence can be significantly different from the known solutions to idealized dynamical models. In addition, we present a simplified form of the verification theorem to examine the global optimality of a control protocol. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032334 C1 [Li, Hanhan; Shabani, Alireza; Whaley, K. Birgitta] Berkeley Ctr Quantum Informat & Computat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Li, Hanhan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shabani, Alireza; Whaley, K. Birgitta] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sarovar, Mohan] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Scalable & Secure Syst Res, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Li, HH (reprint author), Berkeley Ctr Quantum Informat & Computat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM h_li@berkeley.edu FU NSA; DARPA; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL8] FX We thank Joshua Combes for reviewing an earlier manuscript and providing useful comments. The effort of H.L., A.S., and K.B.W. was supported by grants from NSA and DARPA. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL8. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 3 AR 032334 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.032334 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 115CS UT WOS:000316790600004 ER PT J AU Aksel, E Forrester, JS Nino, JC Page, K Shoemaker, DP Jones, JL AF Aksel, Elena Forrester, Jennifer S. Nino, Juan C. Page, Katharine Shoemaker, Daniel P. Jones, Jacob L. TI Local atomic structure deviation from average structure of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3: Combined x-ray and neutron total scattering study SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PAIR-DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; NA1/2BI1/2TIO3; PERSPECTIVE; SOLIDS; ORDER AB The crystal structure of sodium bismuth titanate (NBT) and related compounds is of great interest, as these may form part of a new generation of ferroelectric materials used in a multitude of piezoelectric applications. This work examines the short-and long-range structure of sodium bismuth titanate in different states of synthesis using x-ray and neutron pair distribution function studies. The average structure of NBT was modeled using the monoclinic Cc space group through a combined structural refinement of x-ray and neutron diffraction data via the Rietveld method. A small box approach was used to model the local structure based on the average structure of the material, as determined from the Rietveld structural refinement, and rule out the presence of local A-site ordering in NBT. A "box-car fitting" method used to analyze the neutron pair distribution function showed that bond environments change when averaged over different length scales and the calculated bond valence of Bi3+, in particular, is different locally from its average value. A model calculated using the reverse Monte Carlo method allowed the positions of Na+ and Bi3+ to move independently, allowing the determination of their distinctive bonding environments with O2-. This method revealed that Na+ and Bi3+ have slightly different atomic positions, an effect that may be the origin of the large atomic displacement parameters calculated for the A site from the average structure model. The local structure described here is discussed in comparison with published long-range structure models. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.104113 C1 [Aksel, Elena; Forrester, Jennifer S.; Nino, Juan C.; Jones, Jacob L.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Page, Katharine] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Shoemaker, Daniel P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Jones, JL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jjones@mse.ufl.edu RI Jones, Jacob/A-8361-2008; Page, Katharine/C-9726-2009; Nino, Juan/A-6496-2008 OI Page, Katharine/0000-0002-9071-3383; Nino, Juan/0000-0001-8256-0535 FU US National Science Foundation [DMR-0746902, DMR-0447910]; US Department of the Army [W911NF-09-1-0435]; US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; NSF [DMR 00-76488]; US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX J.J. and E.A. acknowledge partial support for this work from the US National Science Foundation under Award No. DMR-0746902. J.J. and J.F. acknowledge partial support for this work from the US Department of the Army under W911NF-09-1-0435. J.C.N. would like to acknowledge the support by the US National Science Foundation under Award No. DMR-0447910. This work has benefited from the use of the NPDF beamline at the Lujan Center at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, funded by the US DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. The upgrade of NPDF has been funded by NSF through Grant No. DMR 00-76488. Use of the 11-BM and 11-ID-B beamlines at the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Helpful discussions on this work with Professor Pam Thomas and Dr. Dean Keeble are gratefully acknowledged. NR 38 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 116 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 10 AR 104113 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.104113 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 115DH UT WOS:000316792300002 ER PT J AU Gordon, RT Zhigadlo, ND Weyeneth, S Katrych, S Prozorov, R AF Gordon, R. T. Zhigadlo, N. D. Weyeneth, S. Katrych, S. Prozorov, R. TI Conventional superconductivity and hysteretic Campbell penetration depth in single crystals MgCNi3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID II SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; STATE AB Single crystals of MgCNi3, with areas sized up to 1 mm(2), were grown by the self-flux method using a cubic anvil high-pressure technique. In low applied fields, the dc magnetization exhibited a very narrow transition into the superconducting state, demonstrating good quality of the grown crystals. The first critical field H-c1, determined from a zero-temperature extrapolation, is around 18 mT. Using the tunnel-diode resonator technique, the London penetration depth was measured with no applied dc field and the Campbell penetration depth was measured with the external dc fields up to 9 T for two different sample orientations with respect to the direction of applied magnetic field. The absolute value of the London penetration depth, lambda(0) = 245 +/- 10 nm, was determined from the thermodynamic Rutgers formula. The superfluid density, rho(s) = [lambda(0)/lambda(T)](2), was found to follow the clean isotropic s-wave behavior predicted by the weak-coupling BCS theory in the whole temperature range. The low-temperature behavior of the London penetration depth fits the BCS analytic form as well and produces a value close to the weak coupling one of Delta(0)/(k(B)T(c)) = 1.71. The temperature dependence of the upper critical field H-c2 was found to be isotropic with a slope at T-c of -2.6 T/K and H-c2(0) approximate to 12.3 T at zero temperature. The Campbell penetration depth probes the vortex lattice response in the mixed state and is sensitive to the details of the pinning potential. For MgCNi3, an irreversible feature has been observed in the TDR response when the sample is field cooled and warmed versus zero-field cooled and warmed. This feature possesses a nonmonotonic field dependence and has commonly been referred to as the peak effect. It is most likely related to a field-dependent nonparabolic pinning potential. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.094520 C1 [Gordon, R. T.] Western Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. [Zhigadlo, N. D.; Katrych, S.] ETH, Solid State Phys Lab, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Weyeneth, S.] Univ Zurich, Inst Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Katrych, S.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Phys Matiere Complexe, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Gordon, R. T.; Prozorov, R.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Gordon, R. T.; Prozorov, R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Prozorov, R (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM rt-gordon@wiu.edu; zhigadlo@phys.ethz.ch; wstephen@physik.uzh.ch; katrych@phys.ethz.ch; prozorov@ameslab.gov FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Enginnering [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; Swiss National Science Foundation; National Center of Competence in Research MaNEP (Materials with Novel Electronic Properties) FX We thank V. G. Kogan for useful discussions and H. Kim for help with the data analysis. The work at the Ames Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Enginnering under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. The work at ETH Zurich was supported by Swiss National Science Foundation, the National Center of Competence in Research MaNEP (Materials with Novel Electronic Properties). NR 40 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 28 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 9 AR 094520 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.094520 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 115DA UT WOS:000316791600003 ER PT J AU Hahn, SE Tucker, GS Yan, JQ Said, AH Leu, BM McCallum, RW Alp, EE Lograsso, TA McQueeney, RJ Harmon, BN AF Hahn, S. E. Tucker, G. S. Yan, J. -Q. Said, A. H. Leu, B. M. McCallum, R. W. Alp, E. E. Lograsso, T. A. McQueeney, R. J. Harmon, B. N. TI Magnetism-dependent phonon anomaly in LaFeAsO observed via inelastic x-ray scattering SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; BRILLOUIN-ZONE INTEGRATIONS; IRON-PNICTIDES AB The phonon dispersion was measured at room temperature along (0,0, L) in the tetragonal phase of LaFeAsO using inelastic x-ray scattering. Spin-polarized first-principles calculations imposing various types of antiferromagnetic order are in better agreement with the experimental results than nonmagnetic calculations, although the measurements were made well above the magnetic ordering temperature, T-N. Splitting observed between two A(1g) phonon modes at 22 and 26 meV is only reproduced in spin-polarized calculations. Magnetostructural effects similar to those observed in the AFe(2)As(2) (A = Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu) materials are present in LaFeAsO. The inclusion of Fe spin is necessary to find reasonable agreement of the calculations with the measured spectrum well above T-N. On-site Fe and As force constants show significant softening compared to nonmagnetic calculations, however an investigation of the real-space force constants associates the magnetoelastic coupling with a complex renormalization instead of softening of a specific pairwise force. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.104518 C1 [Hahn, S. E.; Tucker, G. S.; McQueeney, R. J.; Harmon, B. N.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hahn, S. E.; Tucker, G. S.; Yan, J. -Q.; McCallum, R. W.; Lograsso, T. A.; McQueeney, R. J.; Harmon, B. N.] Iowa State Univ, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Said, A. H.; Leu, B. M.; Alp, E. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Hahn, SE (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Tucker, Gregory/L-9357-2013; McQueeney, Robert/A-2864-2016; OI Tucker, Gregory/0000-0002-2787-8054; McQueeney, Robert/0000-0003-0718-5602; Hahn, Steven/0000-0002-2018-7904 FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF [DMR-0115852] FX This research supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The construction of HERIX was partially supported by the NSF under Grant No. DMR-0115852. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 10 AR 104518 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.104518 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 115DH UT WOS:000316792300003 ER PT J AU Kim, SK Colombier, E Ni, N Bud'ko, SL Canfield, PC AF Kim, S. K. Colombier, E. Ni, N. Bud'ko, S. L. Canfield, P. C. TI Evolution of the electronic transport properties of V6O11 and V7O13 under pressure SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR-METAL TRANSITION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; PHASE-TRANSITION; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; VANADIUM-OXIDES; VNO2N-1; V3O5; TEMPERATURE; INSULATOR AB V6O11 and V7O13 are two members of the VnO2n-1 Magneli series (n = 3-9). At ambient pressure, V6O11 manifests a metal to insulator (MI) transition near T-MI = 170 K and V7O13 (the exception in the series that does not become insulating at ambient pressure) manifests an antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition with spin density wave character at T-N = 43 K. Temperature-dependent resistivity data for V6O11 and V7O13 were measured under pressures up to 7.52 and 6.40 GPa, respectively with critical pressures of P-c(MI) = 3.8 GPa for V6O11 and P-c(AFM) = 3.5 GPa for V7O13. As the MI transition for V6O11 is suppressed no features associated with an AFM transition in the resistivity are seen. Near the critical pressure for V6O11 where the first-order MI transition disappears, a T-2 dependence of the low-temperature resistance can be found. On the other hand, in V7O13 as the second-order, antiferromagnetic transition is brought towards T = 0, the resistivity shows a vanishing low-temperature region of Fermi-liquid-like behavior, consistent with proximity to a quantum critical point. Improved hydrostaticity of the pressurized sample space enhances the divergence of the T-2 coefficient for V7O13 near the AFM critical pressure, 3.5 GPa. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115140 C1 [Kim, S. K.; Colombier, E.; Ni, N.; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kim, S. K.; Ni, N.; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kim, SK (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 FU Ames Laboratory, US DOE [DE-AC02-07CH11358]; State of Iowa through Iowa State University FX The authors would like to thank H. Hodovanets, V. Taufour, E. D. Mun, and M. Torikachvili for many fruitful discussions as well as expert technical assistance. This work was carried out at Ames Laboratory, US DOE, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358. S.L.B. acknowledges partial support from the State of Iowa through Iowa State University. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 48 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 11 AR 115140 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115140 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 115DP UT WOS:000316793100003 ER PT J AU Shu, Q Yang, JH Chen, SY Huang, B Xiang, HJ Gong, XG Wei, SH AF Shu, Qiang Yang, Ji-Hui Chen, Shiyou Huang, Bing Xiang, Hongjun Gong, Xin-Gao Wei, Su-Huai TI Cu2Zn(Sn,Ge)Se-4 and Cu2Zn(Sn,Si)Se-4 alloys as photovoltaic materials: Structural and electronic properties SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-CELLS; BAND OFFSETS; II-VI; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; EFFICIENCY; CU2ZNSNS4; SEMICONDUCTORS; NANOCRYSTALS; FABRICATION; PRECURSORS AB As alternatives to the mixed-anion Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 alloys, the mixed-cation Cu2Zn(Sn,Ge)Se-4 and Cu2Zn(Sn,Si)Se-4 alloys can also span a band gap range that fits the requirement of the solar cell light absorber. However, material properties of these alloys as functions of alloy composition x are not well known. In this paper, using the first-principles calculations, we study the structural and electronic properties of these alloys. We find that (i)the Cu2Zn(sn,ge)Se-4 alloys are highly miscible with low formation enthalpies, while the Cu2Zn(Sn, Si)Se4 alloys are less miscible; (ii)the band gap of Cu2Zn(sn,ge)Se-4 increases almost linearly from 1.0 eV to 1.5 eV as the Ge composition x increases from 0 to 1, whereas the band gap of Cu2Zn(Sn,Si)Se-4 spans a larger range from 1.0 eV to 2.4 eV and shows a slightly larger bowing; and (iii)the calculated band offsets shows that the band gap increase of the alloys with the addition of Ge or Si results primarily from the conduction band upshift, whereas the valence band shift is less than 0.2 eV. Based on these results, we expect that the component-uniform and band-gap-tunable Cu2Zn(sn,ge)Se-4 and Cu2Zn(Sn,Si)Se-4 alloys can be synthesized and have an improved photovoltaic efficiency. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115208 C1 [Shu, Qiang; Yang, Ji-Hui; Chen, Shiyou; Xiang, Hongjun; Gong, Xin-Gao] Fudan Univ, Key Lab Computat Phys Sci MOE, State Key Lab Surface Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Shu, Qiang; Yang, Ji-Hui; Chen, Shiyou; Xiang, Hongjun; Gong, Xin-Gao] Fudan Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Chen, Shiyou] E China Normal Univ, Key Lab Polar Mat & Devices MOE, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China. [Huang, Bing; Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Shu, Q (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Key Lab Computat Phys Sci MOE, State Key Lab Surface Phys, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. RI Huang, Bing/D-8941-2011; Xiang, Hongjun/I-4305-2016; gong, xingao/D-6532-2011 OI Huang, Bing/0000-0001-6735-4637; Xiang, Hongjun/0000-0002-9396-3214; FU Special Funds for Major State Basic Research, National Science Foundation of China (NSFC); International collaboration project of MOST; Pujiang plan; Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar); NSFC; NREL FX The work at Fudan University was partially supported by the Special Funds for Major State Basic Research, National Science Foundation of China (NSFC), International collaboration project of MOST, Pujiang plan, and Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar). The work at ECNU was supported by NSFC. The work at NREL was funded by the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. Computation was performed in the Supercomputer Center of Fudan University. NR 39 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 97 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 11 AR 115208 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115208 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 115DP UT WOS:000316793100008 ER PT J AU Mertens, FG Quintero, NR Bishop, AR AF Mertens, Franz G. Quintero, Niurka R. Bishop, A. R. TI Nonlinear Schrodinger solitons oscillate under a constant external force SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID AC-DRIVEN; MODULATION-INSTABILITY; PARAMETRICALLY DRIVEN; CAVITY SOLITONS; EQUATION; WAVE; EXCITATIONS; EXISTENCE; SYSTEMS; FIBER AB We investigate the dynamics of solitons of the cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation with an external time-independent force of the form f (x) = r exp(-iKx). Here the solitons travel with an oscillating velocity and all other characteristics of the solitons (amplitude, width, momentum, and phase) also oscillate. This behavior was predicted by a collective variable theory and confirmed by simulations. However, the reason for these oscillations remains unclear. Moreover, the spectrum of the oscillations exhibits a second strong peak, in addition to the intrinsic soliton peak. We show that the additional frequency belongs to a certain extended linear mode (which we refer to as a phonon for short) close to the lower band edge of the phonon continuum. Initially the soliton is at rest. When it starts to move it is deformed, begins to oscillate, and excites the above phonon mode such that the total momentum in a certain moving frame is conserved. In this frame the phonon does not move. However, not only does the soliton move in the homogeneous, time-periodic field of the phonon, but it also oscillates. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.87.032917 C1 [Mertens, Franz G.] Univ Bayreuth, Inst Phys, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. [Quintero, Niurka R.] EPS Univ Sevilla, IMUS, Seville 41011, Spain. [Quintero, Niurka R.] EPS Univ Sevilla, Dept Fis Aplicada 1, Seville 41011, Spain. [Bishop, A. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Mertens, FG (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Inst Phys, POB 101251, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. RI Quintero, Niurka/J-7550-2013 OI Quintero, Niurka/0000-0003-3503-3040 FU Plan Propio of the University of Seville; Junta de Andalucia [IAC11-III-11965, FQM207, P11-FQM7276, P09-FQM-4643]; MICINN (Spain) [FIS2011-24540]; Humboldt Foundation [SPA 1146358 STP]; MICINN [FIS2011-24540] FX F.G.M. is grateful for the hospitality of the Mathematical Institute of the University of Seville (IMUS) and of the Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies at Los Alamos National Laboratory, and for financial support from the Plan Propio of the University of Seville, from Junta de Andalucia IAC11-III-11965, and from the MICINN (Spain) through FIS2011-24540. N.R.Q. acknowledges financial support from the Humboldt Foundation through a Research Fellowship for Experienced Researchers (SPA 1146358 STP), and from the MICINN through FIS2011-24540, and by Junta de Andalucia under Projects No. FQM207, No. P11-FQM7276, and No. P09-FQM-4643. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 3 AR 032917 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.87.032917 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 115FL UT WOS:000316797900001 ER PT J AU Klimczuk, T Sidorov, VA Szajek, A Werwinski, M Kimber, SAJ Kozub, AL Safarik, D Thompson, JD Cava, RJ AF Klimczuk, T. Sidorov, V. A. Szajek, A. Werwinski, M. Kimber, S. A. J. Kozub, A. L. Safarik, D. Thompson, J. D. Cava, R. J. TI Structure and paramagnetism in weakly correlated Y8Co5 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC SUPERCONDUCTOR Y9CO7; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; Y4CO3; COMPOUND; SUSCEPTIBILITIES; FERROMAGNETISM; PHASE; HEAT AB We report the basic physical properties of monoclinic Y8Co5 determined by means of magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, and specific heat measurements. The crystal structure of Y8Co5 is monoclinic (P2(1)/c) with lattice parameters a = 7.0582(6) angstrom, b = 7.2894(6) angstrom, c = 24.2234(19) angstrom, and beta = 102.112(6)degrees as refined by using synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction data. The compound shows temperature independent paramagnetism with chi(0) = 2.1 x 10(-3) emu mol(-1) and Sommerfeld parameter gamma = 63 mJ mol(-1) K-2. The calculated Wilson ratio for Y8Co5, R-W = 1.4, is close to that expected for a free electron gas R-W = 1. Low temperature resistivity under high pressure does not reveal superconductivity in this compound down to 1.2 K, up to hydrostatic pressures of 5.56 GPa. Band structure calculations (full-potential linearized augmented plane wave, FP-LAPW) derive the Stoner exchange interaction parameter S = 0.24, excluding magnetic behavior for Y8Co5. C1 [Klimczuk, T.; Kozub, A. L.] Gdansk Univ Technol, Fac Appl Phys & Math, PL-80233 Gdansk, Poland. [Klimczuk, T.] Pomeranian Univ, Inst Phys, PL-76200 Slupsk, Poland. [Sidorov, V. A.; Thompson, J. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Sidorov, V. A.] RAS, Vereshchagin Inst High Pressure Phys, Moscow 142190, Russia. [Szajek, A.; Werwinski, M.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Mol Phys, PL-60179 Poznan, Poland. [Kimber, S. A. J.] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble 9, France. [Cava, R. J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Klimczuk, T (reprint author), Gdansk Univ Technol, Fac Appl Phys & Math, Narutowicza 11-12, PL-80233 Gdansk, Poland. EM tomasz.klimczuk@pg.gda.pl RI Klimczuk, Tomasz/M-1716-2013; Kozub, Agnieszka/M-3646-2015; OI Klimczuk, Tomasz/0000-0003-2602-5049; Werwinski, Miroslaw/0000-0003-1934-4818; Kimber, Simon/0000-0003-0489-1851; Safarik, Douglas/0000-0001-8648-9377 FU National Science Centre (Poland) [N N202 381740]; US DOE grant [DE-FG02-98-ER45706] FX This work was partially (AS, MW) supported by the National Science Centre (Poland) within the research project no. N N202 381740. Work at Los Alamos was performed under the auspices of the US DOE. Work at Princeton was supported by the US DOE grant DE-FG02-98-ER45706. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 40 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 25 IS 12 AR 125701 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/25/12/125701 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 099CZ UT WOS:000315598400022 PM 23448945 ER PT J AU Zhao, JG Liu, HZ Ehm, L Dong, DW Chen, ZQ Gu, GD AF Zhao, Jinggeng Liu, Haozhe Ehm, Lars Dong, Dawei Chen, Zhiqiang Gu, Genda TI High-pressure phase transitions, amorphization, and crystallization behaviors in Bi2Se3 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; TOPOLOGICAL INSULATOR; AMORPHOUS SELENIUM; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; BI2TE3; SB2TE3; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; REFINEMENT AB The phase transition, amorphization, and crystallization behaviors of the topological insulator bismuth selenide. (Bi2Se3) were discovered by performing in situ high-pressure angle-dispersive x-ray diffraction experiments during an increasing, decreasing, and recycling pressure process. In the compression process, Bi2Se3 transforms from the original rhombohedral structure (phase I(A)) to a monoclinic structure (phase II) at about 10.4 GPa, and further to a body-centered tetragonal structure (phase III) at about 24.5 GPa. When releasing pressure to ambient conditions after the complete transformation from phase II to III, Bi2Se3 becomes an amorphous solid (AM). In the relaxation process from this amorphous state, Bi2Se3 starts crystallizing into an orthorhombic structure (phase I(B)) about five hours after releasing the pressure to ambient. A review of the pressure-induced phase transition behaviors of A(2)B(3)-type materials composed from the V and VI group elements is presented. C1 [Zhao, Jinggeng; Liu, Haozhe] Harbin Inst Technol, Acad Fundamental & Interdisciplinary Sci, Nat Sci Res Ctr, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Jinggeng; Ehm, Lars; Dong, Dawei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Ehm, Lars; Chen, Zhiqiang] SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Mineral Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Dong, Dawei] Harbin Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China. [Gu, Genda] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Zhao, JG (reprint author), Harbin Inst Technol, Acad Fundamental & Interdisciplinary Sci, Nat Sci Res Ctr, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China. EM zhaojinggeng@gmail.com; haozhe@hit.edu.cn RI Liu, Haozhe/E-6169-2011; chen, zhiqiang/C-9134-2013 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [10904022, 10975042]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation special funded project [200902410]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [HIT.NSRIF.2013054]; Heilongjiang Province Outstanding Youth Scientific Funds [JC201005]; Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China [E200948]; program for Basic Research Excellent Talents and Overseas Collaborative Base Project in Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT); COMPRES (the Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences); National Synchrotron Light Source; Brookhaven National Laboratory; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX We are grateful for the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 10904022, 10975042), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation special funded project (Grant No. 200902410), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. HIT.NSRIF.2013054), the Heilongjiang Province Outstanding Youth Scientific Funds (Grant No. JC201005), the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China (Grant No. E200948), and the program for Basic Research Excellent Talents and Overseas Collaborative Base Project in Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT). We also acknowledge the support from COMPRES (the Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences) and the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. NR 39 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 5 U2 100 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 EI 1361-648X J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 25 IS 12 AR 125602 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/25/12/125602 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 099CZ UT WOS:000315598400019 PM 23420458 ER PT J AU Zhou, T Koutroulakis, G Lodico, J Ni, N Thompson, JD Cava, RJ Brown, SE AF Zhou, T. Koutroulakis, G. Lodico, J. Ni, Ni Thompson, J. D. Cava, R. J. Brown, S. E. TI Antiferromagnetic order in Ca-10(Pt3As8)(Fe2As2)(5) observed by As-75 NMR SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AB As-75 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements carried out on underdoped, non-superconducting Ca-10(Pt3As8)(Fe2As2)(5) reveal physical properties that are similar but not identical to 122 superconductor parent compounds such as BaFe2As2. Results from the single crystal study indicate a phase transition to an antiferromagnetic (AF) state on cooling through T similar to 100 K, albeit nonuniformly. Specifically, the NMR lineshape reflects the presence of staggered hyperfine fields on the As sites associated with a striped AF order. The variation of the internal hyperfine field with temperature suggests that the phase transition to the AF state is discontinuous, and therefore likely coincident with the structural transition inferred from transport experiments. C1 [Zhou, T.; Lodico, J.; Brown, S. E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Koutroulakis, G.; Thompson, J. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ni, Ni; Cava, R. J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Zhou, T (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM zhoutong@physics.ucla.edu FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1105531 (UCLA)]; Air Force Office of Scientific Research Multidisciplinary Research Program for University Research Initiative on superconductivity (Princeton); LANL's Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; Seaborg Institute FX The research reported here was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant no. DMR-1105531 (UCLA), and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Multidisciplinary Research Program for University Research Initiative on superconductivity (Princeton). GK acknowledges support from LANL's Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program and the Seaborg Institute. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 27 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-8984 J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 25 IS 12 AR 122201 DI 10.1088/0953-8984/25/12/122201 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 099CZ UT WOS:000315598400001 PM 23420320 ER PT J AU Kubacka, A Si, R Michorczyk, P Martinez-Arias, A Xu, WQ Hanson, JC Rodriguez, JA Fernandez-Garcia, M AF Kubacka, Anna Si, Rui Michorczyk, Piotr Martinez-Arias, Arturo Xu, Wenqian Hanson, Jonathan C. Rodriguez, Jose A. Fernandez-Garcia, Marcos TI Tungsten as an interface agent leading to highly active and stable copper-ceria water gas shift catalyst SO APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL LA English DT Article DE WGS catalyst; Mixed oxides; Ceria; Copper; Tungsten; In situ XRD; XAFS; Vibrational ID OXYGEN-VACANCY FORMATION; OXIDE COMPOSITE CATALYSTS; IN-SITU CHARACTERIZATION; FUEL-CELL APPLICATIONS; MIXED-METAL OXIDES; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY AB A series of W-Cu-Ce mixed oxide catalysts prepared by microemulsion was evaluated in the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction. At low temperatures (<350 degrees C), the total conversion of CO on the W-Cu-Ce systems was two times larger than on binary Cu-Ce mixed oxides which are well known catalysts for the WGS. In addition and in contrast with Cu-Ce, W-Cu-Ce catalysts were stable and no signs of deactivation were found after 10 h of reaction time. The rationale for the excellent catalytic performance presented by the W-Cu-Ce ternary oxide was elucidated from the viewpoint of a complete structural (e.g. analysis of the long and short range order) and redox behavior characterization using in situ, time-resolved X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as X-ray absorption (XAS), infrared (diffuse reflectance Fourier transform DRIFTS) and Raman spectroscopies. From a single phase fluorite-type structure, the catalysts show significant structure/redox evolution under reaction conditions as a function of the W and Cu content. As it occurs in the parent Cu-Ce system, the dominant presence of metallic Cu and fluorite-type oxide phases is detected under reaction conditions for the ternary systems. An outstanding promotion of catalytic properties is nevertheless evidenced for samples with W content above 10 at.% and is shown to be related to the presence of oxidized W-Cu local entities. Such local entities, which are obviously characteristic of the ternary system, greatly enhance fluorite redox properties and play an interfacial role between the main metallic Cu and fluorite-type oxide phases. As a consequence of all these effects, incorporation of W into the initial material leads to efficient WGS catalysts, most promising for their application in the so-called low temperature region, e.g. below 350 degrees C. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kubacka, Anna; Michorczyk, Piotr; Martinez-Arias, Arturo; Fernandez-Garcia, Marcos] CSIC, Inst Catalisis & Petroleoquim, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Si, Rui; Xu, Wenqian; Hanson, Jonathan C.; Rodriguez, Jose A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Michorczyk, Piotr] Cracow Univ Technol, Inst Organ Chem & Technol, PL-31155 Krakow, Poland. RP Rodriguez, JA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM rodrigez@bnl.gov; mfg@icp.csic.es RI Xu, Wenqian/M-5906-2013; Fernandez-Garcia, Marcos/A-8122-2014; Kubacka, Anna /B-8054-2015; Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010 OI Kubacka, Anna /0000-0002-3504-0032; FU Ramon y Cajal Project of MICINN (Spain); EU [UDA-POKL.04.01.01-00-029/10-00]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Science Division [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Chemical and Materials Science Divisions of the U.S. Department of Energy; Spanish "Plan Nacional" Projects [CTQ2010-14872, CTQ2009-14527]; Comunidad de Madrid( Project DIVER-CEL) [S2009/ENE-1475] FX A.K. would like to thank the Ramon y Cajal Project of MICINN (Spain) for a Postdoctoral Fellowship. P.M. wants to acknowledge EU (Project no. UDA-POKL.04.01.01-00-029/10-00) for financial support of a stay at Madrid (ICP-CSIC). The work performed at BNL was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Science Division (DE-AC02-98CH10886). The NSLS is supported by the Chemical and Materials Science Divisions of the U.S. Department of Energy. Financial support by Spanish "Plan Nacional" Projects CTQ2010-14872 and CTQ2009-14527 and by the Comunidad de Madrid(Project DIVER-CEL, Ref.: S2009/ENE-1475) is acknowledged. NR 85 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 96 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-3373 EI 1873-3883 J9 APPL CATAL B-ENVIRON JI Appl. Catal. B-Environ. PD MAR 27 PY 2013 VL 132 BP 423 EP 432 DI 10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.12.013 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 095YA UT WOS:000315369700046 ER PT J AU Hastie, P Ulbrich, MH Wang, HL Arant, RJ Lau, AG Zhang, ZJ Isacoff, EY Chen, L AF Hastie, Peter Ulbrich, Maximilian H. Wang, Hui-Li Arant, Ryan J. Lau, Anthony G. Zhang, Zhenjie Isacoff, Ehud Y. Chen, Lu TI AMPA receptor/TARP stoichiometry visualized by single-molecule subunit counting SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE single-molecule counting; TIRF; glutamate receptors; stargazin ID 2 DISTINCT MECHANISMS; GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS; SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY; AUXILIARY SUBUNITS; LATERAL MOVEMENTS; NMDA RECEPTORS; STARGAZIN; TRAFFICKING; PROTEINS; COMPLEX AB Members of the transmembrane AMPA receptor-regulatory protein (TARP) family modulate AMPA receptor (AMPA-R) trafficking and function. AMPA-Rs consist of four pore-forming subunits. Previous studies show that TARPs are an integral part of the AMPA-R complex, acting as accessory subunits for mature receptors in vivo. The TARP/AMPA-R stoichiometry was previously measured indirectly and found to be variable and dependent on TARP expression level, with at most four TARPs associated with each AMPA-R complex. Here, we use a single-molecule technique in live cells that selectively images proteins located in the plasma membrane to directly count the number of TARPs associated with each AMPA-R complex. Although individual GFP-tagged TARP subunits are observed as freely diffusing fluorescent spots on the surface of Xenopus laevis oocytes when expressed alone, coexpression with AMPA-R-mCherry immobilizes the stargazin-GFP spots at sites of AMPA-R-mCherry, consistent with complex formation. We determined the number of TARP molecules associated with each AMPA-R by counting bleaching steps for three different TARP family members: gamma-2, gamma-3, and gamma-4. We confirm that the TARP/AMPA-R stoichiometry depends on TARP expression level and discover that the maximum number of TARPs per AMPA-R complex falls into two categories: up to four gamma-2 or gamma-3 subunits, but rarely above two for gamma-4 subunit. This unexpected AMPA-R/TARP stoichiometry difference has important implications for the assembly and function of TARP/AMPA-R complexes. C1 [Hastie, Peter; Ulbrich, Maximilian H.; Wang, Hui-Li; Arant, Ryan J.; Lau, Anthony G.; Zhang, Zhenjie; Isacoff, Ehud Y.; Chen, Lu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Isacoff, Ehud Y.; Chen, Lu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ulbrich, Maximilian H.] Univ Freiburg, BIOSS Ctr Biol Signalling Studies, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. [Ulbrich, Maximilian H.] Univ Freiburg, Inst Physiol 2, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. [Wang, Hui-Li; Lau, Anthony G.; Zhang, Zhenjie; Chen, Lu] Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wang, Hui-Li; Lau, Anthony G.; Zhang, Zhenjie; Chen, Lu] Stanford Univ, Stanford Inst Neuroinnovat & Translat Neurosci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wang, Hui-Li] Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Biotechnol & Food Engn, Hefei 230009, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Isacoff, Ehud Y.; Chen, Lu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Isacoff, Ehud Y.; Chen, Lu] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Isacoff, EY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 229 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM ehud@berkeley.edu; luchen1@stanford.edu RI chen, xiangtao/C-7916-2014 FU National Institutes of Health [1R01MH091193, 1P50MH086403, R01NS35549, 2PN2EY018241]; Excellence Initiative of the German Federal Government [EXC 294]; Excellence Initiative of the German State Government [EXC 294]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB525003] FX We thank Sarah Bell for help with two-electrode voltage clamp. The work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants 1R01MH091193 and 1P50MH086403 (to L.C.), and R01NS35549 and 2PN2EY018241 (to E.Y.I.), by the Excellence Initiative of the German Federal and State Governments (EXC 294) (M.H.U.), and by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) Grant 2012CB525003. NR 43 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 28 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 BP 5163 EP 5168 DI 10.1073/pnas.1218765110 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 131XN UT WOS:000318031900066 PM 23479622 ER PT J AU Bulusu, A Paniagua, SA MacLeod, BA Sigdel, AK Berry, JJ Olson, DC Marder, SR Graham, S AF Bulusu, Anuradha Paniagua, Sergio A. MacLeod, Bradley A. Sigdel, Ajaya K. Berry, Joseph J. Olson, Dana C. Marder, Seth R. Graham, Samuel TI Efficient Modification of Metal Oxide Surfaces with Phosphonic Acids by Spray Coating SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID INDIUM-TIN OXIDE; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; HOLE-INJECTION; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; ACTIVATED CHEMISORPTION; ORGANIC ELECTRONICS; ITO; FUNCTIONALIZATION; MORPHOLOGY AB We report a rapid method of depositing phosphonic acid molecular groups onto conductive metal oxide surfaces. Solutions of pentafluorobenzyl phosphonic acid (PFBPA) were deposited on indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, nickel oxide, and zinc oxide by spray coating substrates heated to temperatures between 25 and 150 degrees C using a 60s exposure time. Comparisons of coverage and changes in work function were made to the more conventional dip-coating method utilizing a 1 h exposure time. The data show that the work function shifts and surface coverage by the phosphonic acid were similar to or greater than those obtained by the dip-coating method. When the deposition temperature was increased, the magnitude of the surface coverage and work function shift was also found to increase. The rapid exposure of the spray coating was found to result in less etching of zinc-containing oxides than the dip-coating method. Bulk heterojunction solar cells made of polyhexylthiophene (P3HT) and bis-indene-C-60 (ICBA) were tested with PFBPA dip and spray-modified ITO substrates as well as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)-modified ITO. The spray-modified ITO solar cells showed a similar open circuit voltage (V-OC) and fill factor (FF) and a less than 5% lower short circuit current density (J(SC)) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) than the dip- and PEDOT:PSS-modified ITO. These results demonstrate a potential path to a scalable method to deposit phosphonic acid surface modifiers on metal oxides while overcoming the limitations of other techniques that require long exposure and post-processing times. C1 [Bulusu, Anuradha; Graham, Samuel] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Paniagua, Sergio A.; Marder, Seth R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [MacLeod, Bradley A.; Sigdel, Ajaya K.; Berry, Joseph J.; Olson, Dana C.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM seth.marder@chemistry.gatech.edu; samuel.graham@me.gatech.edu RI MacLeod, Bradley/F-5589-2013 OI MacLeod, Bradley/0000-0001-5319-3051 FU Center for Interface Science: Solar-Electric Materials (CIS:SEM), an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001084] FX We thank O'Neil Smith in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, for helpful comments. This research was supported as part of the Center for Interface Science: Solar-Electric Materials (CIS:SEM), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under award number DE-SC0001084. NR 47 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 10 U2 110 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 29 IS 12 BP 3935 EP 3942 DI 10.1021/la303354t PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 115YG UT WOS:000316847200011 PM 23421597 ER PT J AU Shircliff, RA Stradins, P Moutinho, H Fennell, J Ghirardi, ML Cowley, SW Branz, HM Martin, IT AF Shircliff, Rebecca A. Stradins, Paul Moutinho, Helio Fennell, John Ghirardi, Maria L. Cowley, Scott W. Branz, Howard M. Martin, Ina T. TI Angle-Resolved XPS Analysis and Characterization of Mono layer and Multi layer Si lane Films for DNA Coupling to Silica SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; 2P CORE-LEVEL; SURFACE-DENSITY; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE ARRAYS; COVALENT ATTACHMENT; TITANIUM SURFACES; OXIDE SURFACES; CELL-ADHESIVE AB We measure silane density and Sulfo-EMCS cross-linker coupling efficiency on aminosilane films by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. We then characterize DNA immobilization and hybridization on these films by P-32-radiometry. We find that the silane film structure controls the efficiency of the subsequent steps toward DNA hybridization. A self-limited silane monolayer produced from 3-aminopropyldimethylethoxysilane (APDMES) provides a silane surface density of similar to 3 nm(-2). Thin (1 h deposition) and thick (19 h deposition) multilayer films are generated from 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), resulting in surfaces with increased roughness compared to the APDMES monolayer. Increased silane surface density is estimated for the 19 h APTES film, due to a similar to 32% increase in surface area compared to the APDMES monolayer. High cross-linker coupling efficiencies are measured for all three silane films. DNA immobilization densities are similar for the APDMES monolayer and 1 h APTES. However, the DNA immobilization density is double for the 19 h APTES, suggesting that increased surface area allows for a higher probe attachment. The APDMES monolayer has the lowest DNA target density and hybridization efficiency. This is attributed to the steric hindrance as the random packing limit is approached for DNA double helices (dsDNA, diameter >= 2 nm) on a plane. The heterogeneity and roughness of the APTES films reduce this steric hindrance and allow for tighter packing of DNA double helices, resulting in higher hybridization densities and efficiencies. The low steric hindrance of the thin, one to two layer APTES film provides the highest hybridization efficiency of nearly 88%, with 0.21 dsDNA/nm(2). The XPS data also reveal water on the cross-linker-treated surface that is implicated in device aging. C1 [Shircliff, Rebecca A.; Fennell, John; Cowley, Scott W.; Martin, Ina T.] Colorado Sch Mines, Chem & Geochem Dept, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Stradins, Paul; Moutinho, Helio; Ghirardi, Maria L.; Branz, Howard M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44016 USA. RP Martin, IT (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Chem & Geochem Dept, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM Ina.Martin@case.edu RI Martin, Ina/J-9484-2012 FU National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Laboratory Directed Research and Development, DOE [DE-AC36-99GO10337] FX We acknowledge the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Laboratory Directed Research and Development for funding this project as part of DOE Contract DE-AC36-99GO10337. We thank Joel Pankow for all his advice regarding analysis of XPS spectra. We also thank Timothy Peshek for helpful scientific discussion. Finally, we thank Patrick McCurdy and Colorado State University for access to their XPS instrument. NR 53 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 79 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 29 IS 12 BP 4057 EP 4067 DI 10.1021/la304719y PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 115YG UT WOS:000316847200024 PM 23445373 ER PT J AU Campbell, AG Campbell, JH Schwientek, P Woyke, T Sczyrba, A Allman, S Beall, CJ Griffen, A Leys, E Podar, M AF Campbell, Alisha G. Campbell, James H. Schwientek, Patrick Woyke, Tanja Sczyrba, Alexander Allman, Steve Beall, Clifford J. Griffen, Ann Leys, Eugene Podar, Mircea TI Multiple Single-Cell Genomes Provide Insight into Functions of Uncultured Deltaproteobacteria in the Human Oral Cavity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; HUMAN PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; DESULFOVIBRIO-FAIRFIELDENSIS; PORPHYROMONAS-GINGIVALIS; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECALIS; TWITCHING MOTILITY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AB Despite a long history of investigation, many bacteria associated with the human oral cavity have yet to be cultured. Studies that correlate the presence or abundance of uncultured species with oral health or disease highlight the importance of these community members. Thus, we sequenced several single-cell genomic amplicons from Desulfobulbus and Desulfovibrio (class Deltaproteobacteria) to better understand their function within the human oral community and their association with periodontitis, as well as other systemic diseases. Genomic data from oral Desulfobulbus and Desulfovibrio species were compared to other available deltaproteobacterial genomes, including from a subset of host-associated species. While both groups share a large number of genes with other environmental Deltaproteobacteria genomes, they encode a wide array of unique genes that appear to function in survival in a host environment. Many of these genes are similar to virulence and host adaptation factors of known human pathogens, suggesting that the oral Deltaproteobacteria have the potential to play a role in the etiology of periodontal disease. C1 [Campbell, Alisha G.; Podar, Mircea] Univ Tennessee, Genome Sci & Technol Program, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Campbell, Alisha G.; Campbell, James H.; Allman, Steve; Podar, Mircea] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Schwientek, Patrick; Woyke, Tanja; Sczyrba, Alexander] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Beall, Clifford J.; Griffen, Ann; Leys, Eugene] Ohio State Univ, Coll Dent, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Podar, Mircea] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Podar, M (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Genome Sci & Technol Program, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM podarm@ornl.gov RI Allman, Steve/A-9121-2011; Beall, Clifford/D-1035-2012; OI Allman, Steve/0000-0001-6538-7048; Beall, Clifford/0000-0002-2198-9124; Podar, Mircea/0000-0003-2776-0205 FU National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 HG004857]; National Institute for Dental and Cranial Research (NIDCR) of the NIH [1R56DE021567]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE681 AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was supported by grant R01 HG004857 from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to M.P. and by grant 1R56DE021567 from the National Institute for Dental and Cranial Research (NIDCR) of the NIH to M.P., A.G. and E.L. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE681 AC05-00OR22725. P.S., T.W. and A.S. were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute and the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 83 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59361 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059361 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 123VE UT WOS:000317418500034 PM 23555659 ER PT J AU Field, DJ D'Alba, L Vinther, J Webb, SM Gearty, W Shawkey, MD AF Field, Daniel J. D'Alba, Liliana Vinther, Jakob Webb, Samuel M. Gearty, William Shawkey, Matthew D. TI Melanin Concentration Gradients in Modern and Fossil Feathers SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BLACK-AND-WHITE; EUMELANIN PIGMENT; PENGUIN FEATHERS; PLUMAGE; COLOR; TESTOSTERONE; EVOLUTION; RESISTANCE; METALS; FEMALE AB In birds and feathered non-avian dinosaurs, within-feather pigmentation patterns range from discrete spots and stripes to more subtle patterns, but the latter remain largely unstudied. A,55 million year old fossil contour feather with a dark distal tip grading into a lighter base was recovered from the Fur Formation in Denmark. SEM and synchrotron-based trace metal mapping confirmed that this gradient was caused by differential concentration of melanin. To assess the potential ecological and phylogenetic prevalence of this pattern, we evaluated 321 modern samples from 18 orders within Aves. We observed that the pattern was found most frequently in distantly related groups that share aquatic ecologies (e. g. waterfowl Anseriformes, penguins Sphenisciformes), suggesting a potential adaptive function with ancient origins. C1 [Field, Daniel J.; Vinther, Jakob; Gearty, William] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [D'Alba, Liliana; Shawkey, Matthew D.] Univ Akron, Dept Biol, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [D'Alba, Liliana; Shawkey, Matthew D.] Univ Akron, Integrated Biosci Program, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Vinther, Jakob] Univ Bristol, Dept Earth, Bristol, Avon, England. [Vinther, Jakob] Univ Bristol, Dept Biol Sci, Bristol, Avon, England. [Webb, Samuel M.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Field, DJ (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM daniel.field@yale.edu RI Webb, Samuel/D-4778-2009; OI Webb, Samuel/0000-0003-1188-0464; Gearty, William/0000-0003-0076-3262; Shawkey, Matthew/0000-0002-5131-8209; D'Alba, Liliana/0000-0002-2478-3455; Vinther, Jakob/0000-0002-3584-9616; Field, Daniel/0000-0002-1786-0352 FU NSERC CGS; Sir James Lougheed Award of Distinction; AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0159]; HFSP [RGY0083] FX This work was funded by a NSERC CGS, and a Sir James Lougheed Award of Distinction (both to D.J.F.), and AFOSR grant FA9550-09-1-0159 and HFSP grant RGY0083 (both to M.D.S.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 55 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59451 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059451 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 123VE UT WOS:000317418500041 PM 23555675 ER PT J AU Aas, G Abajyan, T Abbott, B Abdallah, J Khalek, SA Abdelalim, AA Abdinov, O Aben, R Abi, B Abolins, M AbouZeid, OS Abramowicz, H Abreu, H Acharya, BS Adamczyk, L Adams, DL Addy, TN Adelman, J Adomeit, S Adragna, P Adye, T Aefsky, S Aguilar-Saavedra, JA Agustoni, M Aharrouche, M Ahlen, SP Ahles, F Ahmad, A Ahsan, M Aielli, G Akdogan, T Akesson, TPA Akimoto, G Akimov, AV Alam, MS Alam, MA Albert, J Albrand, S Aleksa, M Aleksandrov, IN Alessandria, F Alexa, C Alexander, G Alexandre, G Alexopoulos, T Alhroob, M Aliev, M Alimonti, G Alison, J Allbrooke, BMM Allport, PP Allwood-Spiers, SE Almond, J Alorisio, A Alon, R Alonso, A Alonso, F Altheimer, A Gonzalez, BA Alviggi, MG Amako, K Amelung, C Ammosov, VV Dos Santos, SPA Amorim, A Amram, N Anastopoulos, C Ancu, LS Andari, N Andeen, T Anders, CF Anders, G Anderson, KJ Andreazza, A Andrei, V Andrieux, ML Anduaga, XS Anger, P Angerami, A Anghinolfi, F Anisenkov, A Anjos, N Annovi, A Antonaki, A Antonelli, M Antonov, A Antos, J Anulli, F Aoki, M Aoun, S Bella, LA Apolle, R Arabidze, G Aracena, I Arai, Y Arce, ATH Arfaoui, S Arguin, JF Arik, E Arik, M Armbruster, AJ Arnaez, O Arnal, V Arnault, C Artamonov, A Artoni, G Arutinov, D Asai, S Asfandiyarov, R Ask, S Asman, B Asquith, L Assamagan, K Astbury, A Atkinson, M Aubert, B Auge, E Augsten, K Aurousseau, M Avolio, G Avramidou, R Axen, D Azuelos, G Azuma, Y Baak, MA Baccaglioni, G Bacci, C Bach, AM Bachacou, H Bachas, K Backes, M Backhaus, M Badescu, E Bagnaia, P Bahinipati, S Bai, Y Bailey, DC Bain, T Baines, JT Baker, OK Baker, MD Baker, S Banas, E Banerjee, P Banerjee, S Banfi, D Bangert, A Bansal, V Bansil, HS Barak, L Baranov, SP Galtieri, AB Barber, T Barberio, EL Barberis, D Barbero, M Bardin, DY Barillari, T Barisonzi, M Barklow, T Barlow, N Barnett, BM Barnett, RM Baroncelli, A Barone, G Barr, AJ Barreiro, F da Costa, JBG Barrillon, P Bartoldus, R Barton, AE Bartsch, V Basye, A Bates, RL Batkova, L Batley, JR Battaglia, A Battistin, M Bauer, F Bawa, HS Beale, S Beau, T Beauchemin, PH Beccherle, R Bechtle, P Beck, HP Becker, AK Becker, S Beckingham, M Becks, KH Beddall, AJ Beddall, A Bedikian, S Bednyakov, VA Bee, CP Beemster, LJ Bege, M Harpaz, SB Behera, PK Beimforde, M Belanger-Champagne, C Be, PJ Be, WH Bella, G Bellagamba, L Bellina, F Bellomo, M Belloni, A Beloborodova, O Belotskiy, K Beltramello, O Benary, O Benchekroun, D Bendtz, K Benekos, N Benhammou, Y Noccioli, EB Garcia, JAB Benjamin, DP Benoit, M Bensinger, JR Benslama, K Bentvelsen, S Berge, D Kuutmann, EB Berger, N Berghaus, F Berglund, E Beringer, J Bernat, P Bernhard, R Bernius, C Berry, T Bertella, C Bertin, A Bertolucci, F Besana, MI Besjes, GJ Besson, N Bethke, S Bhimji, W Bianchi, RM Bianco, M Biebel, O Bieniek, SP Bierwagen, K Biesiada, J Bigliett, M Bilokon, H Bindi, M Binet, S Bingul, A Bini, C Biscarat, C Bittner, B Black, KM Blair, RE Blanchard, JB Blanchot, G Blazek, T Bloch, I Blocker, C Blocki, J Blondel, A Blum, W Blumenschein, U Bobbink, GJ Bobrovnikov, VB Bocchetta, SS Bocci, A Boddy, CR Boehler, M Boek, J Boelaert, N Bogaerts, JA Bogdanchikov, A Bogouch, A Bohm, C Bohm, J Boisvert, V Bold, T Boldea, V Bolnet, NM Bomben, M Bona, M Boonekamp, M Bordoni, S Borer, C Borisov, A Borissov, G Borjanovic, I Borri, M Borroni, S Bortolotto, V Bos, K Boscherini, D Bosman, M Boterenbrood, H Bouchami, J Boudreau, J Bouhova-Thacker, EV Boumediene, D Bourdarios, C Bousson, N Boveia, A Boyd, J Boyko, IR Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I Bracinik, J Branchini, R Brandenburg, GW Brandt, A Brandt, G Brandt, O Bratzler, U Brau, B Brau, JE Braun, HM Brazzale, SF Brelier, B Bremer, JJ Brendlinger, K Brenner, R Bressler, S Britton, D Brochu, FM Brock, I Brock, R Broggi, F Bromberg, C Bronner, JJ Brooijmans, G Brooks, T Brooks, WK Brown, G Brown, H de Renstrom, RB Bruncko, D Bruneliere, R Brunet, S Bruni, A Bruni, G Bruschi, M Buanes, T Buat, Q Bucci, F Buchanan, J Buchholz, R Buckingham, RM Buckley, AG Buda, SI Budagov, IA Budick, B Btischer, V Bugge, L Bulekov, O Bundock, AC Bunse, M Buranlli, T Burckhart, H Burdin, S Burgess, T Burke, S Busato, E Bussey, P Buszello, CP Butler, B Butler, JM Buttar, CM Butterworth, JM Buttinger, W Byszewski, M Urban, SC Caforio, D Cakir, O Calafiura, R Calderini, G Calfayan, P Calkins, R Caloba, LP Caloi, R Calvet, D Calvet, S Toro, RC Camarri, P Cameron, D Caminada, LM Armadans, RC Campana, S Campanelli, M Canale, V Canelli, F Canepa, A Cantero, J Cantrill, R Capasso, L Garrido, MDMC Caprini, I Caprini, M Capriotti, D Capua, M Caputo, R Cardarelli, R Carli, T Carlino, G Carminati, L Caron, B Caron, S Carquin, E Carrillo-Montoya, GD Carter, AA Carter, JR Carvalho, J Casadei, D Casado, MP Cascella, M Caso, C Hernandez, AMC Castaneda-Miranda, E Gimenez, VC Castro, NF Cataldi, G Catastini, P Catinaccio, A Catmore, JR Cattai, A Cattani, G Caughron, S Cavaliere, V Cavalleri, R Cavalli, D Cavalli-Sforza, M Cavasinni, V Ceradini, F Cerqueira, AS Cerri, A Cerrito, L Cerutti, F Cetin, SA Chafaq, A Chakraborty, D Chalupkova, I Chan, K Chang, R Chapleau, B Chapman, JD Chapman, JW Chareyre, E Charlton, DG Chavda, V Barajas, CAC Cheatham, S Chekanov, S Chekulaev, SV Chelkov, GA Chelstowska, MA Chen, C Chen, H Chen, S Chen, X Chen, Y Cheplakov, A El Moursli, RC Chernyatin, V Cheu, E Cheung, SL Chevalier, L Chiefari, G Chikovani, L Childers, JT Chilingarov, A Chiodini, G Chisholm, AS Chislett, RT Chitan, A Chizhov, MV Choudalakis, G Chouridou, S Christidi, IA Christov, A Chromek-Burckhart, D Chu, ML Chudoba, J Ciapetti, G Ciftci, AK Ciftci, R Cinca, D Cindro, V Ciocca, C Ciocio, A Cirilli, M Cirkovic, P Citron, ZH Citterio, M Ciubancan, M Clark, A Clark, PJ Clarke, RN Cleland, W Clemens, JC Clement, B Clement, C Coadou, Y Cobal, M Coccaro, A Cochran, J Coffey, L Cogan, JG Coggeshall, J Cogneras, E Colas, J Cole, S Colijn, AP Collins, NJ Collins-Tooth, C Collot, J Colombo, T Colon, G Muino, RC Coniavitis, E Conidi, MC Consonni, SM Consorti, V Constantinescu, S Conta, C Conti, G Conventi, E Cooke, M Cooper, BD Cooper-Sarkar, AM Copic, K Cornelissen, T Corradi, M Corriveau, F Cortes-Gonzalez, A Cortiana, G Costa, G Costa, MJMJ Costanzo, D Cote, D Courneyea, L Cowan, G Cowden, C Cox, BE Cranmer, K Crescioli, F Cristinziani, M Crosetti, G Crepe-Renaudin, S Cuciuc, CM Almenar, CC Donszelmann, TC Curatolo, M Curtis, CJ Cuthbert, C Cwetanski, P Czirr, H Czodrowski, P Czyczula, Z D'Auria, S D'Onofrio, M D'Orazio, A De Sousa, MJMJDS Da Via, C Dabrowski, W Dafinca, A Dai, T Dallapiccola, C Dam, M Dameri, M Damiani, DS Danielsson, HO Dao, V Darbo, G Darlea, GL Dassoulas, JA Davey, W Davidek, T Davidson, N Davidson, R Davies, E Davies, M Davignon, O Davison, AR Davygora, Y Dawe, B Dawson, I Daya-Ishmukhametova, RK De, K de Asmundis, R De Castro, S De Cecco, S de Graat, J De Groot, N de Jong, P De La Taille, C De La Torre, H De Lorenzi, E de Mora, L De Nooij, L De Pedis, D De Salvo, A Sanctis, U De Santo, A De Regie, JBD De Zorzi, G Dearnaley, WJ Debbe, R Debenedetti, C Dechenaux, B Dedovich, DV Degenhardt, J Del Papa, C Del Peso, J Del Prete, T Delemontex, T Deliyergiyev, M Dell'Acqua, A Dell'Asta, L Della Pietra, M della Volpe, D Delmastro, M Delsart, PA Deluca, C Demers, S Demichev, M Demirkoz, B Deng, J Denisov, SP Derendarz, D Derkaoui, JE Derue, F Dervan, P Desch, K Devetak, E Deviveiros, PO Dewhurst, A DeWilde, B Dhaliwal, S Dhullipudi, R Di Ciaccio, A Di Ciaccio, L Di Girolamo, A Di Girolamo, B Ab, SDL Di Mattia, A Di Micco, B Di Nardo, R Di Simone, A Di Sipio, R Diaz, MA Diehl, EB Dietrich, J Dietzsch, TA Diglio, S Yagci, KD Dingfelder, J Dinut, F Dionisi, C Dita, P Dita, S Dittus, F Djama, E Djobava, T do Vale, MAB Wemansan, AD Doan, TKO Dobbs, M Dobinson, R Dobos, D Dobson, E Dodd, J Doglioni, C Doherty, T Doi, Y Dolejsi, J Dolenc, I Dolezal, Z Dolgoshein, BA Dohmae, T Donadelli, M Donini, J Dopke, J Doria, A Dos Anjos, A Dotti, A Dova, MT Doxiadis, AD Doyle, AT Dressnandt, N Dris, M Dubbert, J Dube, S Duchovni, E Duckeck, G Duda, D Dudarev, A Dudziak, E Duhrssen, M Duerdoth, IP Duflot, L Dufour, MA Duguid, L Dunford, M Yildiz, HD Duxfield, R Dwuznik, M Dydak, F Duren, M Ebenstein, WL Ebke, J Eckweiler, S Edmonds, K Edson, W Edwards, CA Edwards, NC Ehrenfeld, W Eifert, T Eigen, G Einsweiler, K Eisenhandler, E Ekelof, T El Kacimi, M Ellert, M Elles, S Ellinghaus, F Ellis, K Ellis, N Elmsheuser, J Elsing, M Emeliyanov, D Engelmann, R Engl, A Epp, B Erdmann, J Ereditato, A Eriksson, D Ernst, J Ernst, M Ernwein, J Errede, D Errede, S Ertel, E Escalier, M Esch, H Escobar, C Curull, XE Esposito, B Etienne, E Etienvre, AI Etzion, E Evangelakou, D Evans, H Fabbri, L Fabre, C Fakhrutdinov, RM Falciano, S Fang, Y Fanti, M Farbin, A Farilla, A Farley, J Farooque, T Farrell, S Farrington, SM Farthouat, P Fassi, F Fassnacht, P Fassouliotis, D Fatholahzadeh, B Favareto, A Fayard, L Fazio, S Febbraro, R Federic, P Fedin, OL Fedorko, W Fehling-Kaschek, M Feligioni, L Fellmann, D Feng, C Feng, EJ Fenyuk, AB Ferencei, J Fernando, W Ferrag, S Ferrando, J Ferrara, V Ferrari, A Ferrari, P Ferrari, R de Lima, DEF Ferrer, A Ferrere, D Ferretti, C Parodi, AF Fiascaris, M Fiedler, E Filipcic, A Filthaut, F Fincke-Keeler, M Fiolhais, MCN Fiorini, L Firan, A Fischer, G Fisher, MJ Flechl, M Fleck, I Fleckner, J Fleischmann, P Fleischmann, S Flick, T Floderus, A Castillo, LRF Flowerdew, MJ Martin, TF Formica, A Forti, A Fortin, D Fournier, D Fowler, AJ Fox, H Francavilla, P Franchini, M Franchino, S Francis, D Frank, T Franz, S Fraternali, M Fratina, S French, ST Friedrich, C Friedrich, E Froeschl, R Froidevaux, D Frost, JA Fukunaga, C Torregrosa, EF Fulsom, BG Fuster, J Gabaldon, C Gabizon, O Gadfort, T Gadomski, S Ab, GG Gagnon, P Galea, C Galhardo, B Gallas, EJ Gallo, V Gallop, BJ Gallus, P Gan, KK Gao, YS Gaponenko, A Garberson, F Garcia-Sciveres, M Garcia, C Navarro, JEG Gardner, RW Garelli, N Garitaonandia, H Garonne, V Gatti, C Gaudio, G Gaur, B Gauthier, L Gauzzi, R Gavrilenko, IL Gay, C Gaycken, G Gazis, EN Ge, P Gecse, Z Gee, CNP Geerts, DAA Geich-Gimbel, C Gellerstedt, K Gemme, C Gemmell, A Genest, MH Gentile, S George, M George, S Gerlach, P Gershon, A Geweniger, C Ghazlane, H Ghodbane, N Giacobbe, B Giagu, S Giakoumopoulou, V Giangiobbe, V Gianotti, F Gibbard, B Gibson, A Gibson, SM Gilchriese, M Gillberg, D Gillman, AR Gingrich, DM Ginzburg, J Giokaris, N Giordani, MP Giordano, R Giorgi, FM Giovannini, R Giraud, PF Giugni, D Giunta, M Giost, P Gjelsten, BK Gladilin, LK Glasman, C Glatzer, J Glazov, A Glitza, KW Glonti, GL Goddard, JR Godfrey, J Godlewski, JJ Goebel, M Gopfert, T Goeringer, C Gossling, C Goldfarb, S Golling, T Gomes, A Fajardo, LSG Goncalo, R Da 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Zoccoli, A. Nedden, M. Zur Zutshi, V. Zwalinski, L. CA ATLAS Collaboration TI Searches for heavy long-lived sleptons and R-hadrons with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE Long-lived; GMSB; Slepton; R-hadron; ATLAS; LHC ID DYNAMICAL SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; STABLE CHARGED-PARTICLES; SUPERGAUGE TRANSFORMATIONS; E(+)E(-) ANNIHILATION; MODEL; EXTENSION; COLLIDERS; SQUARK; PIONS; LHC AB A search for long-lived particles is performed using a data sample of 4.7 fb(-1) from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy. root s = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. No excess is observed above the estimated background and lower limits, at 95% confidence level, are set on the mass of the long-lived particles in different scenarios, based on their possible interactions in the inner detector, the calorimeters and the muon spectrometer. Long-lived staus in gauge-mediated SUSY-breaking models are excluded up to a mass of 300 GeV for tan beta = 5-20. Directly produced long-lived sleptons are excluded up to a mass of 278 GeV. R-hadrons, composites of gluino (stop, sbottom) and light quarks, are excluded up to a mass of 985 GeV (683 GeV, 612 GeV) when using a generic interaction model. Additionally two sets of limits on R-hadrons are obtained that are less sensitive to the interaction model for R-hadrons. One set of limits is obtained using only the inner detector and calorimeter observables, and a second set of limits is obtained based on the inner detector alone. (c) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jackson, P.; Soni, N.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Alam, M. S.; Edson, W.; Ernst, J.] SUNY Albany, Dept Phys, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Bahinipati, S.; Chan, K.; Gingrich, D. M.; Moore, R. W.; Pinfold, J. L.; Subramania, Hs.; Vaque, E. 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O.; Elles, S.; Goy, C.; Hryn'ova, T.; Jezequel, S.; Kataoka, M.; Labbe, J.; Lafaye, R.; Leveque, J.; Lombardo, V. P.; Massol, N.; Perrodo, P.; Petit, E.; Przysiezniak, H.; Richter-Was, E.; Sauvage, G.; Sauvan, E.; Schwoerer, M.; Todorov, T.; Ai, D. Tsionou; Wingerter-Seez, I.; Zitoun, R.] Univ Savoie, Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Asquith, L.; Blair, R. E.; Chekanov, S.; Fellmann, D.; Feng, E. J.; Fernando, W.; Goshaw, A. T.; LeCompte, T.; Love, J. J.; Malon, D.; Nodulman, L.; Paramonov, A.; Price, L. E.; Proudfoot, J.; Ferrando, B. M. Salvachua; Stanek, R. W.; van Gemmeren, P.; Vaniachine, A.; Yoshida, R.; Zhang, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cheu, E.; Johns, K. A. K. A.; Kaushik, V.; Lampen, C. L.; Lampl, W.; Lei, X.; Loch, P.; Paleari, C. P.; Ruehr, F.; Rutherfoord, J. P.; Shupe, M. A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Brandt, A.; Brown, H.; De, K.; Farbin, A.; Griffiths, J.; Heelan, L.; Hernandez, C. M.; Nilsson, P.; Ozturk, N.; Sarkisyan-Grinbaum, E.; Sosebee, M.; Spurlock, B.; Stradling, A. R.; Usai, G.; Vartapetian, A.; White, A.; Yu, J.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Antonaki, A.; Fassouliotis, D.; Giakoumopoulou, V.; Giokaris, N.; Ioannou, P.; Iordanidou, K.; Kourkoumelis, C.; Manousakis-Katsikakis, A.; Tzanakos, G.] Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens, Greece. [Alexopoulos, T.; Avramidou, R.; Dris, M.; Gazis, E. N.; Iakovidis, G.; Karakostas, K.; Katsoufis, E.; Leontsinis, S.; Maltezos, S.; Mountricha, E.; Panagiotopoulou, E.; Papadopoulou, Th. D.; Tsipolitis, G.; Vlachos, S.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Zografos, Greece. [Abdinov, O.; Khalil-zada, F.] Azerbaijan Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Baku 370143, Azerbaijan. [Abdallah, J.; Bosman, M.; Armadans, R. Caminal; Casado, M. P.; Cavalli-Sforza, M.; Conidi, M. C.; Demirkoz, B.; Curull, X. Espinal; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Parra, G. Gonzalez; Grinstein, S.; Helsens, C.; Rozas, A. Juste; Korolkov, I.; Le Menedeu, E.; Martinez, M.; Mir, L. M.; Berlingen, J. Montejo; Nadal, J.; Osuna, C.; Pages, A. Pacheco; Aranda, C. Padilla; Riu, I.; Rossetti, V.; Rubbo, F.; Succurro, A.; Tsiskaridze, S.; Vorwerk, V.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Abdallah, J.; Beloborodova, O.; Bosman, M.; Armadans, R. Caminal; Casado, M. P.; Cavalli-Sforza, M.; Conidi, M. C.; Demirkoz, B.; Curull, X. Espinal; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Parra, G. Gonzalez; Grinstein, S.; Helsens, C.; Rozas, A. Juste; Korolkov, I.; Le Menedeu, E.; Martinez, M.; Mir, L. M.; Berlingen, J. Montejo; Nadal, J.; Osuna, C.; Pages, A. Pacheco; Aranda, C. Padilla; Riu, I.; Rossetti, V.; Rubbo, F.; Succurro, A.; Tsiskaridze, S.; Vorwerk, V.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Fis, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Abdallah, J.; Bosman, M.; Armadans, R. Caminal; Casado, M. P.; Cavalli-Sforza, M.; Conidi, M. C.; Demirkoz, B.; Curull, X. Espinal; Francavilla, P.; Giangiobbe, V.; Parra, G. Gonzalez; Grinstein, S.; Helsens, C.; Rozas, A. Juste; Korolkov, I.; Le Menedeu, E.; Martinez, M.; Mir, L. M.; Berlingen, J. Montejo; Nadal, J.; Osuna, C.; Pages, A. Pacheco; Aranda, C. Padilla; Riu, I.; Rossetti, V.; Rubbo, F.; Succurro, A.; Tsiskaridze, S.; Vorwerk, V.] ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Borjanovic, I.; Krstic, J. J.; Popovic, D. S.; Sijacki, Dj.; Simic, Lj] Univ Belgrade, Inst Phys, Belgrade, Serbia. [Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I.; Cirkovic, P.; Jovin, T.; Mamuzic, J.] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Buanes, T.; Burgess, T.; Eigen, G.; Kastanas, A.; Liebig, W.; Lipniacka, A.; Rosendahl, P. L.; Sandaker, H.; Sjursen, T. B.; Stugu, B.; Tonoyan, A.; Ugland, M.] Univ Bergen, Dept Phys & Technol, Bergen, Norway. [Arguin, J-F; Bach, A. M.; Galtieri, A. Barbaro; Barnett, R. M.; Beringer, J.; Biesiada, J.; Calafiura, R.; Caminada, L. M.; Ciocio, A.; Clarke, R. N.; Cooke, M.; Copic, K.; Dube, S.; Einsweiler, K.; Gaponenko, A.; Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Gilchriese, M.; Haber, C.; Hance, M.; Heinemann, B.; Hinchliffe, I.; Hsu, S. -C.; Hurwitz, M.; Lavrijsen, W.; Leggett, C.; Loscutoff, P.; Madaras, R. J.; Ovcharova, A.; Griso, S. Pagan; Pranko, A.; Quarrie, D. R.; Ruwiedel, C.; Shapiro, M.; Skinnari, L. A.; Tatarkhanov, M.; Tibbetts, M. J.; Tsulaia, V.; Vahsen, S.; Varouchas, D.; Virzi, J.; Yao, Y.; Zenz, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Arguin, J-F; Bach, A. M.; Galtieri, A. Barbaro; Barnett, R. M.; Beringer, J.; Biesiada, J.; Calafiura, R.; Caminada, L. M.; Ciocio, A.; Clarke, R. N.; Cooke, M.; Copic, K.; Dube, S.; Einsweiler, K.; Gaponenko, A.; Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Gilchriese, M.; Haber, C.; Hance, M.; Heinemann, B.; Hinchliffe, I.; Hsu, S. -C.; Hurwitz, M.; Lavrijsen, W.; Leggett, C.; Loscutoff, P.; Madaras, R. J.; Ovcharova, A.; Griso, S. Pagan; Pranko, A.; Quarrie, D. R.; Ruwiedel, C.; Shapiro, M.; Skinnari, L. A.; Tatarkhanov, M.; Tibbetts, M. J.; Tsulaia, V.; Vahsen, S.; Varouchas, D.; Virzi, J.; Yao, Y.; Zenz, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Alexandre, G.; Aliev, M.; Giorgi, F. M.; Grancagnolo, S.; Herrberg, R.; Hristova, I.; Kind, O.; Kolanoski, H.; Kwee, R.; Lacker, H.; Leyton, M.; Lohse, T.; Mandrysch, R.; Nikiforov, A.; Schulz, H.; Wendland, D.; Nedden, M. Zur] Humboldt Univ, Dept Phys, Berlin, Germany. [Agustoni, M.; Ancu, L. S.; Battaglia, A.; Beck, H. P.; Borer, C.; Ereditato, A.; Martin, T. Fonseca; Gallo, V.; Haug, S.; Kabana, S.; Kruker, T.; Marti, L. F.; Pretzl, K.; Schneider, B.; Topfel, C.; Weber, M. S.] Univ Bern, Albert Einstein Ctr Fundamental Phys, Bern, Switzerland. [Agustoni, M.; Ancu, L. S.; Battaglia, A.; Beck, H. P.; Borer, C.; Ereditato, A.; Martin, T. Fonseca; Gallo, V.; Haug, S.; Kabana, S.; Kruker, T.; Marti, L. F.; Pretzl, K.; Schneider, B.; Topfel, C.; Weber, M. S.] Univ Bern, High Energy Phys Lab, Bern, Switzerland. [Allbrooke, B. M. M.; Bansil, H. S.; Bracinik, J.; Charlton, D. G.; Chisholm, A. S.; Collins, N. J.; Curtis, C. J.; Hadley, D. R.; Hawkes, C. M.; Head, S. J.; Hillier, S. J.; Mahout, G.; Martin, T. A.; Mclaughlan, T.; Newman, P. R.; Nikolopoulos, K.; Palmer, J. D.; Slater, M.; Thomas, J. P.; Thompson, P. D.; Watkins, P. M.; Watson, A. T.; Watson, M. F.; Wilson, J. A.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Akdogan, T.; Arik, E.; Arik, M.; Istin, S.; Ozcan, V. E.; Rador, T.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cetin, S. A.] Dogus Univ, Div Phys, Istanbul, Turkey. [Beddall, A. J.; Beddall, A.; Bingul, A.] Gaziantep Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Gaziantep, Turkey. Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Bellagamba, L.; Beloborodova, O.; Bertin, A.; Bindi, M.; Boscherini, D.; Bruni, A.; Bruni, G.; Bruschi, M.; Caforio, D.; Ciocca, C.; Corradi, M.; De Castro, S.; Di Sipio, R.; Fabbri, L.; Franchini, M.; Giacobbe, B.; Giost, P.; Grafstroem, R.; Jha, M. K.; Massa, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Monzani, S.; Negrini, M.; Piccinini, M.; Polini, A.; Rinaldi, L.; Romano, M.; Sbarra, C.; Sbrizzi, A.; Semprini-Cesari, N.; Spighi, R.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccoli, A.] Univ Bologna, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Bertin, A.; Bindi, M.; Caforio, D.; Ciocca, C.; De Castro, S.; Di Sipio, R.; Fabbri, L.; Franchini, M.; Grafstroem, R.; Massa, I.; Mengarelli, A.; Monzani, S.; Piccinini, M.; Romano, M.; Sbrizzi, A.; Semprini-Cesari, N.; Valentinetti, S.; Villa, M.; Zoccoli, A.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis, Bologna, Italy. [Abajyan, T.; Alexandre, G.; Arutinov, D.; Backhaus, M.; Barbero, M.; Bechtle, P.; Brock, I.; Cantero, J.; Cristinziani, M.; Davey, W.; Deng, J.; Desch, K.; Dingfelder, J.; Gaycken, G.; Geich-Gimbel, Ch.; Gonella, L.; Haefner, P.; Havranek, M.; Hellmich, D.; Hillert, S.; Huegging, F.; Ince, T.; Karagounis, M.; Khoriauli, G.; Koevesarki, P.; Kostyukhin, V. V.; Kraus, J. K.; Kroseberg, J.; Krueger, H.; Lapoire, C.; Lehmacher, M.; Leyko, A. M.; Limbach, C.; Loddenkoetter, T.; Mazur, M.; Moeser, N.; Mueller, K.; Nanava, G.; Nattermann, T.; Nuncio-Quiroz, A. -E.; Pohl, D.; Psoroulas, S.; Schaepe, S.; Schmieden, K.; Schmitz, M.; Schultens, M. J.; Schwindt, T.; Stillings, J. A.; Therhaag, J.; Tsung, J. -W.; Uchida, K.; Uhlenbrock, M.; Urquijo, P.; Vogel, A.; von Toerne, E.; Wang, T.; Wermes, N.; Wienemann, R.; Zendler, C.; Zimmermann, R.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Bonn, Inst Phys, Bonn, Germany. [Ahlen, S. P.; Black, K. M.; Butler, J. M.; Dell'Asta, L.; Helary, L.; Shank, J. T.; Yan, Z.; Youssef, S.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Aefsky, S.; Amelung, C.; Bensinger, J. R.; Blocker, C.; Coffey, L.; Daya-Ishmukhametova, R. K.; Gozpinar, S.; Pomeroy, D.; Sciolla, G.] Brandeis Univ, Dept Phys, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Caloba, L. P.; Maidantchik, C.; Marroquim, F.; Nepomuceno, A. A.; Perantoni, M.; Seixas, J. M.] Univ Fed Rio De Janeiro COPPE EE IF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Cerqueira, A. S.; Filho, L. Manhaes de Andrade] Fed Univ Juiz de Fora UFJF, Juiz De Fora, Brazil. [do Vale, M. A. B.] Fed Univ Sao Joao del Rei UFSJ, Sao Joao del Rei, Brazil. [Donadelli, M.; Leite, M. A. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Adams, D. L.; Alexandre, G.; Assamagan, K.; Baker, M. D.; Bege, M.; Beloborodova, O.; Bernius, C.; Chen, H.; Chernyatin, V.; Debbe, R.; Dhullipudi, R.; Ernst, M.; Gadfort, T.; Gibbard, B.; Gordon, H. A.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Klimentov, A.; Lanni, F.; Lissauer, D.; Lynn, D.; Ma, H.; Maeno, T.; Majewski, S.; Metcalfe, J.; Nevski, P.; Okawa, H.; Damazio, D. Oliveira; Paige, F.; Panitkin, S.; Park, W.; Pleier, M. -A.; Poblaguev, A.; Polychronakos, V.; Pravahan, R.; Protopopescu, S.; Purohit, M.; Radeka, V.; Rahm, D.; Rajagopalan, S.; Redlinger, G.; Sawyer, L.; Sircar, A.; Snyder, S.; Steinberg, R.; Stumer, I.; Takai, H.; Tamsett, M. C.; Triplett, N.; Undrus, A.; Wenaus, T.; Ye, S.; Yu, D.; Zaytsev, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Alexa, C.; Badescu, E.; Boldea, V.; Buda, S. I.; Caprini, I.; Caprini, M.; Chitan, A.; Ciubancan, M.; Constantinescu, S.; Cuciuc, C. -M.; Dinut, F.; Dita, P.; Dita, S.; Micu, L.; Olariu, A.; Pantea, D.; Popeneciu, G. A.; Rotaru, M.; Stoicea, G.; Tudorache, A.; Tudorache, V.] Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn, Bucharest, Romania. [Darlea, G. L.] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania. West Univ Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania. [Silva, M. L. Gonzalez; Otero y Garzon, G.; Piegaia, R.; Romeo, G.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Fis, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Ask, S.; Barlow, N.; Batley, J. R.; Brochu, F. M.; Buttinger, W.; Carter, J. R.; Chapman, J. D.; Cowden, C.; French, S. T.; Frost, J. A.; Hill, J. C.; Kaneti, S.; Khoo, T. J.; Lester, C. G.; Moeller, V.; Parker, M. A.; Robinson, D.; Sandoval, T.; Thomson, M.; Ward, C. P.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Gillberg, D.; Koffas, T.; Liu, C.; Marchand, J. F.; McCarthy, T. G.; Oakham, F. G.; Randrianarivony, K.; Tarrade, F.; Ueno, R.; Vincter, M. G.; Whalen, K.] Carleton Univ, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Gillberg, D.; Koffas, T.; Liu, C.; Marchand, J. F.; McCarthy, T. G.; Oakham, F. G.; Randrianarivony, K.; Tarrade, F.; Ueno, R.; Vincter, M. G.; Whalen, K.] CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Anderson, K. J.; Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Choudalakis, G.; Fiascaris, M.; Gardner, R. W.; Plante, I. Jen-La; Kapliy, A.; Melachrinos, C.; Merritt, F. S.; Meyer, C.; Miller, D. W.; Okumura, Y.; Onyisi, P. U. E.; Oreglia, M. J.; Penning, B.; Pilcher, J. E.; Shochet, M. J.; Tompkins, L.; Tuggle, J. M.; Vukotic, I.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Diaz, M. A.; Pino, S. A. Olivares; Quinonez, F.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Brooks, W. K.; Carquin, E.; Kuleshov, S.; Pezoa, R.; Prokoshin, F.] Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Dept Fis, Valparaiso, Chile. [Bai, Y.; Jin, S.; Lu, F.; Ouyang, Q.; Ruan, X.; Shan, L. Y.; Yao, L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Han, L.; Jiang, Y.; Li, S.; Liu, M.; Liu, Y.; Peng, H.; Ak, H. Wang B.; Al, Y. Wu B.; Xu, C.; Ak, D. Zhang B.; Zhao, Z.; Zhu, Y.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Chen, S.] Nanjing Univ, Dept Phys, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Feng, C.; Ge, P.; Miao, J.; Zhan, Z.; Zhang, X.; Zhu, C. G.] Shandong Univ, Sch Phys, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, Ph.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Vazeille, F.] Clermont Univ, Lab Phys Corpusculaire, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Calvet, S.; Toro, R. Camacho; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, Ph.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Vazeille, F.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Alexandre, G.; Boumediene, D.; Busato, E.; Calvet, D.; Cinca, D.; Donini, J.; Febbraro, R.; Ghodbane, N.; Gris, Ph.; Guicheney, C.; Liao, H.; Pallin, D.; Hernandez, D. Paredes; Podlyski, F.; Santoni, C.; Vazeille, F.] CNRS IN2P3, Clermont Ferrand, France. [Altheimer, A.; Andeen, T.; Angerami, A.; Brooijmans, G.; Chen, Y.; Dodd, J.; Grau, N.; Guo, J.; Hu, D.; Hughes, E. W.; Nikiforou, N.; Parsons, J. A.; Penson, A.; Perez, K.; Reale, V. Perez; Scherzer, M. I.; Thompson, E. N.; Tian, E.; Tuts, P. M.; Urbaniec, D.; Williams, E.; Willis, W.; Wulf, E.; Zivkovic, L.] Columbia Univ, Nevis Lab, Irvington, NY USA. [Boelaert, N.; Dam, M.; Gregersen, K.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, P. H.; Heisterkamp, S.; Jakobsen, S.; Loevschall-Jensen, A. E.; Jez, P.; Joergensen, M. D.; Kadlecik, P.; Klinkby, E. B.; Lundquist, J.; Mackeprang, R.; Mehlhase, S.; Petersen, T. C.; Simonyan, M.; Thomsen, L. A.; Xella, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; Fazio, S.; La Rotonda, L.; Lavorini, V.; Mastroberardino, A.; Morello, G.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, INFN Grp Collegato Cosenza, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Capua, M.; Crosetti, G.; Fazio, S.; La Rotonda, L.; Lavorini, V.; Mastroberardino, A.; Morello, G.; Policicchio, A.; Salvatore, D.; Schioppa, M.; Susinno, G.; Tassi, E.] Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Fis, Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy. [Adamczyk, L.; Bold, T.; Dabrowski, W.; Dwuznik, M.; Grabowska-Bold, I.; Kisielewska, D.; Koperny, S.; Kowalski, T. Z.; Mindur, B.; Przybycien, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, Krakow, Poland. [Banas, E.; Blocki, J.; de Renstrom, Ra. Bruckman; Derendarz, D.; Gornicki, E.; Hajduk, Z.; Iwanski, W.; Kaczmarska, A.; Korcyl, K.; Malecki, Pa.; Malecki, P.; Olszewski, A.; Olszowska, J.; Stanecka, E.; Staszewski, R.; Trzebinski, M.; Trzupek, A.; Turala, M.; Wolter, M. W.; Wosiek, B. K.; Wozniak, K. W.; Zabinski, B.; Zemla, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Henryk Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland. [Yagci, K. Dindar; Firan, A.; Hadavand, H. K.; Hoffman, J.; Ishmukhametov, R.; Joffe, D.; Kama, S.; Kehoe, R.; Randle-Conde, A. S.; Rios, R. R.; Sekula, S. J.; Stroynowski, R.; Ye, J.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Phys, Dallas, TX 75275 USA. [Ahsan, M.; Izen, J. M.; Lou, X.; Reeves, K.; Wong, W. C.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA. [Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Bloch, I.; Dassoulas, J. A.; Dietrich, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Friedrich, C.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J.; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Huettmann, A.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Medinnis, M.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Stanitzki, M. M.; Starovoitov, R.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, Hamburg, Germany. [Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas; Bloch, I.; Dassoulas, J. A.; Dietrich, J.; Ehrenfeld, W.; Ferrara, V.; Fischer, G.; Friedrich, C.; Glazov, A.; Goebel, M.; Fajardo, L. S. Gomez; Da Costa, J. Goncalves Pinto Firmino; Gosdzik, B.; Grahn, K-J.; Gregor, I. M.; Hiller, K. H.; Huettmann, A.; Husemann, U.; Belenguer, M. Jimenez; Johnert, S.; Karnevskiy, M.; Katzy, J.; Kono, T.; Kuhl, T.; Lange, C.; Lobodzinska, E.; Ludwig, D.; Medinnis, M.; Moenig, K.; Naumann, T.; Cavalcanti, T. Perez; Petschull, D.; Piec, S. M.; Radescu, V.; Rubinskiy, I.; Sedov, G.; Stanescu-Bellu, M.; Stanitzki, M. M.; Starovoitov, R.; Styles, N. A.; Tackmann, K.; Vankov, P.; Viti, M.; Wasicki, C.; Wildt, M. A.; Zhu, H.] DESY, Zeuthen, Germany. [Bunse, M.; Esch, H.; Goessling, C.; Hirsch, R.; Jung, C. A.; Klingenberg, R.; Reisinger, I.] Tech Univ Dortmund, Inst Expt Phys 4, Dortmund, Germany. [Anger, P.; Czodrowski, P.; Friedrich, E.; Goepfert, T.; Kobel, M.; Leonhardt, K.; Ludwig, A.; Mader, W. F.; Morgenstern, M.; Prudent, X.; Rudolph, C.; Schnoor, U.; Schwierz, R.; Seifert, F.; Steinbach, R.; Straessner, A.; Vest, A.; Wahrmund, S.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Arce, A. T. H.; Benjamin, D. P.; Bocci, A.; Ebenstein, W. L.; Fowler, A. J.; Ko, B. R.; Kotwal, A.; Oh, S. H.; Wang, C.; Yamaoka, J.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bhimji, W.; Buckley, A. G.; Clark, P. J.; Debenedetti, C.; Harrington, R. D.; Martin, V. J.; O'Brien, B. J.; Selbach, K. E.; Smart, B. H.; Washbrook, A.; Wynne, B. M.] Univ Edinburgh, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Annovi, A.; Antonelli, M.; Bilokon, H.; Cerutti, F.; Curatolo, M.; Di Nardo, R.; Esposito, B.; Gatti, C.; Laurelli, P.; Maccarrone, G.; Sansoni, A.; Testa, M.; Vilucchi, E.; Volpi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Aad, G.; Ahles, F.; Alexandre, G.; Barber, T.; Beloborodova, O.; Bernhard, R.; Boehler, M.; Bruneliere, R.; Christov, A.; Consorti, V.; Fehling-Kaschek, M.; Flechl, M.; Glatzer, J.; Hartert, J.; Herten, G.; Horner, S.; Jakobs, K.; Janus, M.; Kononov, A. I.; Kuehn, S.; Lai, S.; Landgraf, U.; Lohwasser, K.; Ludwig, I.; Ludwig, J. J.; Mahboubi, K.; Mohr, W.; Nilsen, H.; Parzefall, U.; Rammensee, M.; Rave, T. C.; Rurikova, Z.; Schmidt, E.; Schumacher, M.; Siegert, F.; Stoerig, K.; Sundermann, J. E.; Temming, K. K.; Thoma, S.; Tsiskaridze, V.; Venturi, M.; Vivarelli, I.; von Radziewski, H.; Anh, T. Vu; Warsinsky, M.; Weiser, C.; Werner, M.; Wiik-Fuchs, L. A. M.; Winkelmann, S.; Xie, S.; Zimmermann, S.] Univ Freiburg, Fak Math & Phys, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. [Abdelalim, A. A.; Alexandre, G.; Backes, M.; Barone, G.; Be, P. J.; Be, W. H.; Noccioli, E. Benhar; Blondel, A.; Bucci, F.; Clark, A.; Dao, V.; Doglioni, C.; Ferrere, D.; Gadomski, S.; Gonzalez-Sevilla, S.; Goulette, M. P.; Iacobucci, G.; La Rosa, A.; Lister, A.; Latour, B. Martin dit; Mermod, P.; Herrera, C. Mora; Nektarijevic, S.; Nikolics, K.; Pasztor, G.; Picazio, A.; Pohl, M.; Rosbach, K.; Rosselet, L.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Barberis, D.; Beccherle, R.; Caso, C.; Dameri, M.; Darbo, G.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Ab, G. Gagliardi; Gemme, C.; Guido, E.; Morettini, P.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Passaggio, S.; Rossi, L. P.; Schiavi, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Barberis, D.; Caso, C.; Dameri, M.; Parodi, A. Ferretto; Ab, G. Gagliardi; Guido, E.; Osculati, B.; Parodi, F.; Schiavi, C.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy. [Chikovani, L.; Tskhadadze, E. G.] Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Univ, E Andronikashvili Inst Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Djobava, T.; Khubua, J.; Mchedlidze, G.; Mosidze, M.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Dueren, M.; Stenzel, H.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 2, Giessen, Germany. [Allwood-Spiers, S. E.; Bates, R. L.; Britton, D.; Bussey, P.; Buttar, C. M.; Collins-Tooth, C.; D'Auria, S.; Doherty, T.; Doyle, A. T.; Edwards, N. C.; Ferrag, S.; Ferrando, J.; de Lima, D. E. Ferreira; Gemmell, A.; Gul, U.; Kar, D.; Kenyon, M.; Moraes, A.; O'Shea, V.; Barrera, C. Oropeza; Robson, A.; Saxon, D. H.; Smith, K. M.; Denis, R. D. St.; Steele, G.; Thompson, A. S.; Wraight, K.; Wright, M.] Univ Glasgow, SUPA Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Bierwagen, K.; Blumenschein, U.; Brandt, O.; Erdmann, J.; Evangelakou, D.; George, M.; Grosse-Knetter, J.; Guindon, S.; Haller, J.; Hamer, M.; Henrichs, A.; Hensel, C.; Keil, M.; Knue, A.; Kohn, F.; Krieger, N.; Kroeninger, K.; Lemmer, B.; Magradze, E.; Mann, A.; Meyer, J.; Morel, J.; Pashapour, S.; Quadt, A.; Roe, A.; Schorlemmer, A. L. S.; Serkin, L.; Shabalina, E.; Uhrmacher, M.; Schroeder, T. Vazquez; Weber, P.; Weingarten, J.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] CNRS IN2P3, Grenoble, France. [Albrand, S.; Andrieux, M-L; Buat, Q.; Clement, B.; Collot, J.; Crepe-Renaudin, S.; Dechenaux, B.; Delemontex, T.; Delsart, P. A.; Genest, M. H.; Hostachy, J-Y.; Laisne, E.; Ledroit-Guillon, F.; Lleres, A.; Lucotte, A.; Malek, F.; Stark, J.; Sun, X.; Trocme, B.; Wang, J.; Weydert, C.] Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, F-38031 Grenoble, France. [Addy, T. N.; Harvey, A.; McFarlane, K. W.; Shin, T.; Vassilakopoulos, V. I.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimaraes; Belloni, A.; Brandenburg, G. W.; Catastini, P.; Conti, G.; Huth, J.; Jeanty, L.; Kagan, M.; Mateos, D. Lopez; Outschoorn, V. Martinez; Mercurio, K. M.; Mills, C.; Morii, M.; Skottowe, H. P.; Smith, B. C.; della Porta, G. Zevi] Harvard Univ, Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Anders, G.; Andrei, V.; Davygora, Y.; Dietzsch, T. A.; Geweniger, C.; Hanke, R.; Henke, M.; Khomich, A.; Kluge, E. -E.; Lang, V. S.; Lendermann, V.; Lepold, F.; Meier, K.; Mueller, R.; Poddar, S.; Scharf, V.; Schultz-Coulon, H. -C.; Stamen, R.; Wessels, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Anders, C. F.; Kasieczka, G.; Narayan, R.; Schaetzel, S.; Schmitt, S.; Schoening, A.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, Heidelberg, Germany. [Kugel, A.; Maenner, R.; Schroer, N.] Heidelberg Univ, ZITI Inst Tech Informat, Mannheim, Germany. [Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Fac Appl Informat Sci, Hiroshima, Japan. [Brunet, S.; Cwetanski, P.; Evans, H.; Gagnon, P.; Jain, V.; Luehring, F.; Ogren, H.; Penwell, J.; Poveda, J.; Price, D.; Whittington, D.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Epp, B.; Jussel, P.; Kneringer, E.; Kuhn, D.; Lukas, W.; Rudolph, G.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, Innsbruck, Austria. [Behera, P. K.; Limper, M.; Mallik, U.; Pylypchenko, Y.; Zaidan, R.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Chen, C.; Cochran, J.; De Lorenzi, E.; Dudziak, E.; Krumnack, N.; Prell, S.; Rosenberg, E. I.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Shrestha, S.; Yamamoto, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA USA. [Aleksandrov, I. N.; Bardin, D. Y.; Bednyakov, V. A.; Boyko, I. R.; Budagov, I. A.; Chelkov, G. A.; Cheplakov, A.; Chizhov, M. V.; Dedovich, D. V.; Demichev, M.; Glonti, G. L.; Gostkin, M. I.; Grigalashvili, N.; Huseynov, N.; Kalinovskaya, L. V.; Kazarinov, M. Y.; Kekelidze, G. D.; Kharchenko, D.; Khramov, E.; Kolesnikov, V.; Kotov, V. M.; Kruchonak, A.; Krumshteyn, Z. V.; Kukhtin, V.; Ladygin, E.; Minashvili, I. A.; Mineev, M.; Olchevski, A. G.; Peshekhonov, V. D.; Plotnikova, E.; Pozdnyakov, V.; Rumyantsev, L.; Rusakovich, N. A.; Sadykov, R.; Shiyakova, M.; Sisakyan, A. N.; Topilin, N. D.; Vinogradov, V. B.; Zhemchugov, A.; Zimin, N. I.] JINR Dubna, Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Amako, K.; Arai, Y.; Doi, Y.; Haruyama, T.; Ikegami, Y.; Ikeno, M.; Iwasaki, H.; Kanzaki, J.; Kohriki, T.; Kondo, T.; Makida, Y.; Manabe, A.; Mitsui, S.; Nagano, K.; Nozaki, M.; Odaka, S.; Sasaki, O.; Suzuki, Y.; Takubo, Y.; Tanaka, S.; Terada, S.; Tokushuku, K.; Tsuno, S.; Unno, Y.; Yamada, M.; Yamamoto, A.; Yasu, Y.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Hayakawa, T.; King, M.; Kishimoto, T.; Kitamura, T.; Kurashige, H.; Matsushita, T.; Ochi, A.; Suzuki, Y.; Takeda, H.; Tani, K.; Watanabe, I.; Yamazaki, Y.; Yuan, L.] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 657, Japan. [Ishino, M.; Sasao, N.; Sumida, T.] Kyoto Univ, Fac Sci, Kyoto, Japan. [Takashima, R.] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 612, Japan. [Kawagoe, K.; Oda, S.; Tojo, J. J.] Kyushu Univ, Dept Phys, Fukuoka 812, Japan. [Alonso, F.; Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Inst Fis La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Alonso, F.; Anduaga, X. S.; Dova, M. T.; Monticelli, F.; Tripiana, M. F.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Alexandre, G.; Barton, A. E.; Borissov, G.; Bouhova-Thacker, E. V.; Chilingarov, A.; Davidson, R.; de Mora, L.; Dearnaley, W. J.; Fox, H.; Henderson, R. C. W.; Hughes, G.; Jones, R. W. L.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Long, R. E.; Love, P. A.; Maddocks, H. J.; Smizanska, M.; Walder, J.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England. [Bianco, M.; Cataldi, G.; Chiodini, G.; Gorini, E.; Grancagnolo, F.; Orlando, N.; Perrino, R.; Primavera, M.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Lecce, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Bianco, M.; Gorini, E.; Orlando, N.; Spagnolo, S.; Ventura, A.] Univ Salento, Dipartimento Matemat Fis, Lecce, Italy. [Allport, P. P.; Beloborodova, O.; Bundock, A. C.; Burdin, S.; D'Onofrio, M.; Dervan, P.; Greenshaw, T.; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hayward, H. S.; Jackson, J. N.; Jones, T. J.; King, B. T.; Klein, M.; Klein, U.; Kluge, T.; Kretzschmar, J.; Laycock, P.; Mahmoud, S.; Maxfield, S. J.; Mehta, A.; Migas, S.; Price, J.; Sellers, G.; Vossebeld, J. H.; Waller, P.; Wrona, B.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Maeek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Phys, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Cindro, V.; Deliyergiyev, M.; Dolenc, I.; Filipcic, A.; Gorisek, A.; Kersevan, B. P.; Kramberger, G.; Maeek, B.; Mandic, I.; Mikuz, M.; Tykhonov, A.] Univ Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Adragna, P.; Beloborodova, O.; Bona, M.; Carter, A. A.; Cerrito, L.; Eisenhandler, E.; Ellis, K.; Goddard, J. R.; Landon, M. P. J.; Lloyd, S. L.; Morris, J. D.; Piccaro, E.; Poll, J.; Rizvi, E.; Satamanna, G.; Castanheira, M. Teixeira Dias; Wiglesworth, C.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, London, England. [Alam, M. A.; Berry, T.; Boisvert, V.; Brooks, T.; Cantrill, R.; Cowan, G.; Duguid, L.; Edwards, C. A.; George, S.; Goncalo, R.; Hayden, D.; Pastore, Fr.; Rose, M.; Spano, F.; Strong, J. A.; Teixeira-Dias, P.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Dept Phys, Surrey, England. [Baker, S.; Bernat, P.; Bieniek, S. P.; Butterworth, J. M.; Campanelli, M.; Chislett, R. T.; Christidi, I. A.; Cooper, B. D.; Davison, A. R.; Hesketh, G. G.; Jansen, E.; Konstantinidis, N.; Lambourne, L.; Monk, J.; Nash, M.; Nurse, E.; Prabhu, R.; Sherwood, R.; Simmons, B.; Taylor, C.; Waugh, B. M.; Wijeratne, P. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, R.; Chareyre, E.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] UPMC, Lab Phys Nucl & Hautes Energies, Paris, France. [Beau, T.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, R.; Chareyre, E.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.] Univ Paris Diderot, Paris, France. [Anisenkov, A.; Annovi, A.; Beau, T.; Beloborodova, O.; Bomben, M.; Bordoni, S.; Calderini, G.; Cavalleri, R.; Chareyre, E.; Davignon, O.; De Cecco, S.; Derue, F.; Krasny, M. W.; Kuna, M.; Lacour, D.; Laforge, B.; Laplace, S.; Le Dortz, O.; Marchiori, G.; Nikolic-Audit, I.; Ocariz, J.; Ridel, M.; Roos, L.; Schwemling, Ph.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Torres, H.; Trincaz-Duvoid, S.; Vannucci, F.; Boeriu, . E. Vickey] CNRS IN2P3, Paris, France. [Akesson, T. P. A.; Alonso, A.; Bocchetta, S. S.; Floderus, A.; Hawkins, A. D.; Hedberg, V.; Jarlskog, G.; Lundberg, B.; Lytken, E.; Meirose, B.; Mjornmark, J. U.; Smirnova, O.] Lund Univ, Fysiska Inst, Lund, Sweden. [Arnal, V.; Barreiro, F.; Cantero, J.; De La Torre, H.; Del Peso, J.; Glasman, C.; Labarga, L.; Merino, J. Llorente; March, L.; Terron, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor C 15, Madrid, Spain. [Aharrouche, M.; Arnaez, O.; Blum, W.; Btischer, V.; Caputo, R.; Eckweiler, S.; Edmonds, K.; Ellinghaus, F.; Ertel, E.; Fiedler, E.; Fleckner, J.; Goeringer, C.; Handel, C.; Hohlfeld, M.; Hsu, P. J.; Ji, W.; Kawamura, G.; Kleinknecht, K.; Koenig, S.; Koepke, L.; Lungwitz, M.; Maettig, S.; Masetti, L.; Meyer, C.; Moreno, D.; Mueller, T.; Neusiedl, A.; Sander, H. G.; Schaefer, U.; Schmitt, C.; Schroeder, C.; Simioni, E.; Tapprogge, S.; Wollstadt, S. J.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Mainz, Germany. [Almond, J.; Anisenkov, A.; Beloborodova, O.; Borri, M.; Brown, G.; Chavda, V.; Cox, B. E.; Da Via, C.; Duerdoth, I. P.; Forti, A.; Howarth, J.; Ibbotson, M.; Joshi, K. D.; Klinger, J. A.; Lane, J. L.; Loebinger, F. K.; Marx, M.; Masik, J.; Neep, T. J.; Oh, A.; Owen, M.; Pater, J. R.; Pilkington, A. D.; Robinson, J. E. M.; Schwanenberger, C.; Snow, S. W.; Boeriu, . E. Vickey; Watts, S.; Woudstra, M. J.; Yang, U. K.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, E.; Etienne, E.; Feligioni, L.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Ad, J. Toth; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Aoun, S.; Bee, C. P.; Bertella, C.; Bousson, N.; Clemens, J. C.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, E.; Etienne, E.; Feligioni, L.; Hoffmann, D.; Hubaut, F.; Knoops, E. B. F. G.; Le Guirriec, E.; Li, B.; Maurer, J.; Monnier, E.; Odier, J.; Pralavorio, P.; Rozanov, A.; Talby, M.; Tannoury, N.; Tisserant, S.; Ad, J. Toth; Touchard, F.; Vacavant, L.] CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Brau, B.; Colon, G.; Dallapiccola, C.; Meade, A.; Moyse, E. J. W.; Pais, R.; Pueschel, E.; Varol, T.; Ventura, D.; Willocq, S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Belanger-Champagne, C.; Caron, B.; Chapleau, B.; Cheatham, S.; Corriveau, F.; Dobbs, M.; Dufour, M-A.; Guler, H.; Klemetti, M.; Mc Donald, J.; Robertson, S. H.; Rios, C. Santamarina; Schram, M.; Stockton, M. 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S.; Martin, B.; Miller, R. J.; Pope, B. G.; Schwienhorst, R.; Stelzer, H. J.; Tollefson, K.; Zhang, H.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Alessandria, F.; Alimonti, G.; Andreazza, A.; Baccaglioni, G.; Besana, M. I.; Broggi, F.; Carminati, L.; Cavalli, D.; Citterio, M.; Consonni, S. M.; Costa, G.; Fanti, M.; Giugni, D.; Koletsou, I.; Lari, T.; Mandelli, L.; Mazzanti, M.; Meloni, R.; Meroni, C.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Resconi, S.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Tartarelli, G. F.; Troncon, C.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.; Volpini, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Andreazza, A.; Besana, M. I.; Carminati, L.; Consonni, S. M.; Fanti, M.; Favareto, A.; Meloni, R.; Perini, L.; Pizio, C.; Ragusa, F.; Rivoltella, G.; Simoniello, R.; Turra, R.; Vegni, G.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy. [Bogouch, A.; Harkusha, S.; Kulchitsky, Y.; Kurochkin, Y. A.; Satsounkevitch, I.; Tsiareshka, P. 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K.; Grishkevich, Y. V.; Kramarenko, V. A.; Rud, V. I.; Sivoklokov, S. Yu.; Smirnova, L. N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Adomeit, S.; Beale, S.; Becker, S.; Beloborodova, O.; Biebel, O.; Calfayan, P.; de Graat, J.; Duckeck, G.; Ebke, J.; Elmsheuser, J.; Engl, A.; Galea, C.; Heller, C.; Hertenberger, R.; Kummer, C.; Lichtnecker, M.; Lorenz, J.; Mameghani, R.; Mueller, T. A.; Nunnemann, T.; Oakes, L. B.; Rauscher, F.; Reznicek, P.; Sanders, M. P.; Schaile, D.; Schieck, J.; Serfon, C.; Staude, A.; Vladoiu, D.; Walker, R.; Will, J. Z.; Zhuang, X.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Munich, Germany. [Barillari, T.; Beimforde, M.; Beloborodova, O.; Bethke, S.; Bittner, B.; Bronner, J. J.; Capriotti, D.; Cortiana, G.; Dubbert, J.; Flowerdew, M. J.; Giovannini, R.; Jantsch, A.; Kiryunin, A. E.; Kluth, S.; Kortner, O.; Kortner, S.; Kotov, S.; Kroha, H.; Macchiolo, A.; Manfredini, A.; Menke, S.; Moser, H. G.; Nagel, M.; Nisius, R.; Oberlack, H.; Pahl, C.; Pospelov, G. E.; Potrap, I. N.; Richter, R.; Salihagic, D.; Sandstroem, R.; Schacht, R.; Schwegler, Ph.; Seuster, R.; Stern, S.; Stonjek, S.; Vanadia, M.; Von der Schmitt, H.; Weigell, P.; Wildauer, A.; Zanzi, D.; Zhuravlov, V.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, Werner Heisenberg Inst, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Shimojima, M.] Nagasaki Inst Appl Sci, Nagasaki, Japan. [Aoki, M.; Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Shimizu, S.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J. J.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Aoki, M.; Hasegawa, S.; Morvaj, L.; Ohshima, T.; Shimizu, S.; Takahashi, Y.; Tomoto, M.; Wakabayashi, J. J.] Nagoya Univ, Kobayashi Maskawa Inst, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Alorisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Carlino, G.; Chiefari, G.; Conventi, E.; de Asmundis, R.; Della Pietra, M.; della Volpe, D.; Doria, A.; Giordano, R.; Iengo, R.; Izzo, V.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.; Sekhniaidze, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [Alorisio, A.; Alviggi, M. G.; Canale, V.; Capasso, L.; Chiefari, G.; della Volpe, D.; Giordano, R.; Merola, L.; Musto, E.; Patricelli, S.; Sanchez, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Fisiche, Naples, Italy. [Gorelov, I.; Hoeferkamp, M. R.; Seidel, S. C.; Toms, K.; Wang, R.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Besjes, G. J.; Caron, S.; Chelstowska, M. A.; De Groot, N.; Filthaut, F.; Klok, P. F.; Koenig, A. C.; Koetsveld, F.; Raas, M.; Salvucci, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Nikhef, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Aben, R.; Anisenkov, A.; Annovi, A.; Antonov, A.; Artamonov, A.; Beemster, L. J.; Beloborodova, O.; Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deluca, C.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Kous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Mahlstedt, J.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J. J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Pani, P.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; Van der Deijl, P. C.; Van der Geer, R.; van der Graaf, H.; Van der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; Vulpen, I. van; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Boeriu, . E. Vickey; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subat Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Aben, R.; Beemster, L. J.; Beloborodova, O.; Bentvelsen, S.; Berglund, E.; Bobbink, G. J.; Bos, K.; Boterenbrood, H.; Colijn, A. P.; de Jong, P.; De Nooij, L.; Deluca, C.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Doxiadis, A. D.; Ferrari, P.; Garitaonandia, H.; Geerts, D. A. A.; Gosselink, M.; Hartjes, F.; Hessey, N. P.; Igonkina, O.; Kayl, M. S.; Kous, S.; Kluit, P.; Koffeman, E.; Lee, H.; Lenz, T.; Linde, F.; Luijckx, G.; Mahlstedt, J.; Massaro, G.; Mechnich, J. J.; Mussche, I.; Ottersbach, J. P.; Pani, P.; Rijpstra, M.; Ruckstuhl, N.; Ta, D.; Tsiakiris, M.; Turlay, E.; Van der Deijl, P. C.; Van der Geer, R.; van der Graaf, H.; Van der Leeuw, R.; van der Poel, E.; Vulpen, I. van; Verkerke, W.; Vermeulen, J. C.; Boeriu, . E. Vickey; Milosavljevic, M. Vranjes; Vreeswijk, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Calkins, R.; Chakraborty, D.; Cole, S.; de Lima, J. G. Rocha; Suhr, C.; Yurkewicz, A.; Zutshi, V.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, De Kalb, IL USA. [Anisenkov, A.; Beloborodova, O.; Bobrovnikov, V. B.; Bogdanchikov, A.; Kazanin, V. A.; Kolachev, G. M.; Korol, A.; Malyshev, V.; Maslennikov, A. L.; Orlov, I.; Peleganchuk, S. V.; Schamov, A. G.; Skovpen, K.; Soukharev, A.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.] SB RAS, Budker Inst Nucl Phys, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Beloborodova, O.; Budick, B.; Casadei, D.; Cranmer, K.; van Huysduynen, L. Hooft; Kaplan, B.; Konoplich, R.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Kreiss, S.; Lewis, G. H.; Mincer, A. I.; Nemethy, P.; Neves, R. M.; Prokofiev, K.; Boeriu, . E. Vickey; Zhao, L.] NYU, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Fisher, M. J.; Gan, K. K.; Kagan, H.; Kass, R. D.; Merritt, H.; Moss, J.; Nagarkar, A.; Pignotti, D. T.; Rahimi, A. M.; Strang, M.; Yang, Y.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Fac Sci, Okayama 700, Japan. [Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Jana, D. K.; Marzin, A.; Meera-Lebbai, R.; Norberg, S.; Saleem, M.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Snow, J.; Strauss, M.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Abi, B.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.; Yu, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Phys, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hamal, R.; Nozka, L.] Palacky Univ, RCPTM, CR-77147 Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Brau, J. E.; Potter, C. T.; Ptacek, E.; Radloff, P.; Reinsch, A.; Searcy, J.; Shamim, M.; Sinev, N. B.; Strom, D. M.; Torrence, E.] Univ Oregon, Ctr High Energy Phys, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Khalek, S. Abel; Andari, N.; Arnault, C.; Auge, E.; Barrillon, P.; Benoit, M.; Binet, S.; Bourdarios, C.; De La Taille, C.; De Regie, J. B. De Vivie; Duflot, L.; Escalier, M.; Fayard, L.; Fournier, D.; Grivaz, J. -F; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hrivnac, J.; Iconomidou-Fayard, L.; Idarraga, J.; Kado, M.; Martinez, N. Lorenzo; Lounis, A.; Makovec, N.; Matricon, P.; Niedercorn, F.; Poggioli, L.; Puzo, P.; Renaud, A.; Rousseau, D.; Rybkin, G.; Sauvan, J. B.; Schaarschmidt, J.; Schaffer, A. C.; Serin, L.; Simion, S.; Tanaka, R.; Teinturier, M.; Veillet, J. J.; Wicek, F.; Zerwas, D.; Zhang, Z.] Univ Paris 11, LAL, Orsay, France. [Hanagaki, K.; Hirose, M.; Lee, J. S. H.; Meguro, T.; Nomachi, M.; Sugaya, Y.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Bugge, L.; Buranlli, T.; Cameron, D.; Gjelsten, B. K.; Lund, E.; Ould-Saada, F.; Pajchel, K.; Read, A. L.; Rohne, O.; Samset, B. H.; Smestad, L.; Stapnes, S.; Strandlie, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Oslo, Norway. [Apolle, R.; Barr, A. J.; Boddy, C. R.; Brandt, G.; Buchanan, J.; Buckingham, R. M.; Coniavitis, E.; Cooper-Sarkar, A. M.; Dafinca, A.; Davies, E.; Gallas, E. J.; Gwenlan, C.; Hall, D.; Hays, C. P.; Howard, J.; Huffman, T. B.; Issever, C.; King, R. S. B.; Kogan, L. A.; Korn, A.; Larner, A.; Lewis, A.; Liang, Z.; Livermore, S. S. A.; Mattravers, C.; Nickerson, R. B.; Pinder, A.; Robichaud-Veronneau, A.; Ryder, N. C.; Short, D.; Tseng, J. C-L.; Viehhauser, G. H. A.; Weidberg, A. R.; Whitehead, S. R.; Young, C. J.; Zhong, J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England. [Colombo, T.; Conta, C.; Ferrari, R.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Gaudio, G.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Polesello, G.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.; Vercesi, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Colombo, T.; Conta, C.; Franchino, S.; Fraternali, M.; Livan, M.; Negri, A.; Rebuzzi, D. M.; Rimoldi, A.; Uslenghi, M.] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Alison, J.; Brendlinger, K.; Degenhardt, J.; Dressnandt, N.; Fratina, S.; Hines, E.; Hong, T. M.; Jackson, B.; Keener, P. T.; Kroll, J.; Kunkle, J.; Lester, C. M.; Lipeles, E.; Newcomer, F. M.; Olivito, D.; Ospanov, R.; Reece, R.; Saxon, J.; Schaefer, D.; Stahlman, J.; Thomson, E.; Van Berg, R.; Wagner, P.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fedin, O. L.; Gratchev, V.; Grebenyuk, O. G.; Maleev, V. P.; Ryabov, Y. F.; Schegelsky, V. A.; Sedykh, E.; Seliverstov, D. M.; Solovyev, V.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina, Russia. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; Zinonos, Z.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Bertolucci, F.; Cascella, M.; Cavasinni, V.; Crescioli, F.; Del Prete, T.; Dotti, A.; Roda, C.; Sarri, F.; White, S.; Zinonos, Z.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, Pisa, Italy. [Boudreau, J.; Cleland, W.; Escobar, C.; Kittelmann, T.; Mueller, J.; Prieur, D.; Savinov, V.; Yoosoofmiya, R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Dos Santos, S. P. Amor; Amorim, A.; Anjos, N.; Carvalho, J.; Castro, N. F.; Muino, R. Conde; De Sousa, M. J. M. J. Da Cunha Sargedas; Wemansan, A. Do Valle; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Galhardo, B.; Gomes, A.; Jorge, P. M.; Lopes, L.; Miguens, J. Machado; Maio, A.; Maneira, J. J.; Oliveira, M.; Onofre, A.; Palma, A.; Pina, J.; Pinto, B.; Santos, H.; Saraiva, J. G.; Silva, J.; Veloso, F.; Wolters, H.] LIP, Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, P-1000 Lisbon, Portugal. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Amorim, A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain. [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.; Amorim, A.] Univ Granada, CAFPE, Granada, Spain. [Bohm, J.; Chudoba, J.; Gallus, P.; Gunther, J.; Jakoubek, T.; Juranek, V.; Kepka, O.; Kupco, A.; Kus, V.; Lokajicek, M.; Marcisovsky, M.; Mikestikova, M.; Myska, M.; Nemecek, S.; Ruzicka, P.; Schovancova, J.; Sicho, R.; Staroba, R.; Svatos, M.; Tasevsky, M.; Tic, T.; Valenta, J.; Vrba, V.; Zeman, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Chalupkova, I.; Davidek, T.; Dolejsi, J.; Dolezal, Z.; Kodys, P.; Leitner, R.; Novakova, J.; Rybar, M.; Spousta, M.; Strachota, R.; Suk, M.; Sykora, T.; Tas, P.; Valkar, S.; Vorobel, V.; Wilhelm, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic. [Augsten, K.; Holy, T.; Hubacek, Z.; Jakubek, J.; Kohout, Z.; Kral, V.; Krejci, F.; Pospisil, S.; Simak, V.; Slavicek, T.; Smolek, K.; Sodomka, J.; Solar, M.; Solc, J.; Sopko, V.; Sopko, B.; Stekl, I.; Turecek, D.; Vacek, V.; Vlasak, M.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, Prague, Czech Republic. [Ammosov, V. V.; Borisov, A.; Denisov, S. P.; Fakhrutdinov, R. M.; Fenyuk, A. B.; Ivashin, A. V.; Karyukhin, A. N.; Korotkov, V. A.; Kozhin, A. S.; Minaenko, A. A.; Myagkov, A. G.; Nikolaenko, V.; Solodkov, A. A.; Solovyanov, O. V.; Starchenko, E. A.; Zaitsev, A. M.; Zenin, O.; Zmouchko, V. V.] State Res Ctr Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia. [Adye, T.; Baines, J. T.; Barnett, B. M.; Burke, S.; Dewhurst, A.; Emeliyanov, D.; Gallop, B. J.; Gee, C. N. P.; Gillman, A. R.; Haywood, S. J.; Kirk, J.; McCubbin, N. A.; McMahon, S. J.; Middleton, R. P.; Murray, W. J.; Norton, P. R.; Phillips, P. W.; Sankey, D. P. C.; Scott, W. G.; Strube, J.; Tyndel, M.; Wickens, F. J.; Wielers, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Benslama, K.; Smit, G. V. Ybeles] Univ Regina, Dept Phys, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Tanaka, S.] Ritsumeikan Univ, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan. [Anulli, F.; Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Pedis, D.; De Salvo, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Falciano, S.; Gauzzi, R.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Luminari, L.; Marzano, F.; Mirabelli, G.; Nisati, A.; Pasqualucci, E.; Petrolo, E.; Pontecorvo, L.; Rescigno, M.; Rosati, S.; Rossi, E.; Tehrani, E. Safai; Sidoti, A.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Vari, R.; Veneziano, S.; Zanello, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, Rome, Italy. [Artoni, G.; Bagnaia, P.; Bini, C.; Caloi, R.; Ciapetti, G.; D'Orazio, A.; De Zorzi, G.; Dionisi, C.; Gauzzi, R.; Gentile, S.; Giagu, S.; Ippolito, V.; Lacava, F.; Lo Sterzo, F.; Luci, C.; Rossi, E.; Camillocci, E. Solfaroli; Zanello, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cardarelli, R.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Liberti, B.; Marchese, F.; Mazzaferro, L.; Salamon, A.; Santonico, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. [Aielli, G.; Camarri, P.; Cattani, G.; Di Ciaccio, A.; Di Simone, A.; Marchese, F.; Mazzaferro, L.; Santonico, R.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy. [Benchekroun, D.; Chafaq, A.; Gouighri, M.; Hoummada, A.; Lablak, S.] Univ Hassan 2, Reseau Univ Phys Hautes Energies, Fac Sci Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco. [Ghazlane, H.] Ctr Natl Energie Sci Tech Nucl, Rabat, Morocco. [El Kacimi, M.; Goujdami, D.] Univ Cadi Ayyad, LPHEA, Fac Sci Semlalia, Marrakech, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohamed Premier, Fac Sci, Oujda, Morocco. [Derkaoui, J. E.; Ouchrif, M.; Tayalati, Y.] LPTPM, Oujda, Morocco. [El Moursli, R. Cherkaoui] Univ Mohammed V Agdal, Fac Sci, Rabat, Morocco. [Abreu, H.; Bachacou, H.; Bauer, F.; Besson, N.; Blanchard, J. -B.; Bolnet, N. M.; Boonekamp, M.; Chevalier, L.; Ernwein, J.; Etienvre, A. I.; Formica, A.; Gauthier, L.; Giraud, P. F.; Guyot, C.; Hassani, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lancon, E.; Laporte, J. F.; Legendre, M.; Maiani, C.; Mal, P.; Ramos, J. A. Manjarres; Mansoulie, B.; Meyer, J-P.; Mijovic, L.; Morange, N.; Hong, V. Nguyen Thi; Nicolaidou, R.; Ouraou, A.; Resende, B.; Royon, C. R.; Schune, Ph.; Schwindling, J.; Simard, O.; Virchaux, M.; Vranjes, N.; Xiao, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, Commissariat Energie Atom, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chouridou, S.; Damiani, D. S.; Grillo, A. A.; Hare, G. A.; Litke, A. M.; Lockman, W. S.; Manning, P. M.; Mitrevski, J.; Nielsen, J.; Sadrozinski, H. F-W.; Schumm, B. A.; Seiden, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Beckingham, M.; Coccaro, A.; Goussiou, A. G.; Harris, O. M.; Keller, J. S.; Lubatti, H. J.; Rompotis, N.; Rothberg, J.; Verducci, M.; Watts, G.; Zhao, T.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Costanzo, D.; Donszelmann, T. Cuhadar; Dawson, I.; Duxfield, R.; Hodgkinson, M. C.; Hodgson, P.; Johansson, P.; Korolkova, E. V.; Mayne, A.; Mcfayden, J. A.; Miyagawa, P. S.; Owen, S.; Paganis, E.; Suruliz, K.; Tovey, D. R.; Tua, A.; Xu, D.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Hasegawa, Y.; Takeshita, T.] Shinshu Univ, Dept Phys, Nagano, Japan. [Buchholz, R.; Czirr, H.; Fleck, I.; Gaur, B.; Grybe, K.; Holder, M.; Ibragimov, I.; Rammes, M.; Rosenthal, O.; Sipica, V.; Walkowiak, W.; Ziolkowski, M.] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-57068 Siegen, Germany. [Dawe, B.; Godfrey, J.; Kvita, J.; O'Neil, D. C.; Petteni, M.; Stelzer, B.; Tanasijczuk, A. J.; Trottier-McDonald, M.; Vetterli, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Aracena, I.; Barklow, T.; Bartoldus, R.; Bawa, H. S.; Butler, B.; Cogan, J. G.; Eifert, T.; Fulsom, B. G.; Gao, Y. S.; Grenier, P.; Haas, A.; Hansson, P.; Kocian, M.; Koi, T.; Lowe, A. J.; Malone, C.; Mount, R.; Nelson, T. K.; Salnikov, A.; Schwartzman, A.; Silverstein, D.; Smith, D.; Strauss, E.; Su, D.; Wilson, M. G.; Wittgen, M.; Young, C.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA USA. [Alexandre, G.; Batkova, L.; Blazek, T.; Federic, P.; Pecsy, M.; Stavina, R.; Sykora, I.; Tokar, S.; Zenis, T.] Comenius Univ, Fac Math Phys & Informat, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Antos, J.; Bruncko, D.; Ferencei, J.; Kladiva, E.; Seman, M.; Strizenec, P.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Dept Subnucl Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia. [Aurousseau, M.; Am, S. Yacoob A.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hamilton, A.; Leney, K. J. C.; Aj, T. Vickey B.; Boeriu, . E. Vickey] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Bohm, C.; Clement, C.; Eriksson, D.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Holmgren, S. O.; Johansen, M. M.; Johansson, K. E.; Jon-And, K.; Khandanyan, H.; Kim, H.; Klimek, R.; Lundberg, J.; Lundberg, O.; Mistead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Papadelis, A.; Sellden, B.; Silverstein, S. B.; Sjoelin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Asman, B.; Bendtz, K.; Clement, C.; Gellerstedt, K.; Hellman, S.; Johansen, M. M.; Jon-And, K.; Khandanyan, H.; Kim, H.; Klimek, R.; Lundberg, J.; Lundberg, O.; Mistead, D. A.; Moa, T.; Sjoelin, J.; Strandberg, S.; Tylmad, M.; Yang, Z.] Oskar Klein Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. [Jovicevic, J.; Kuwertz, E. S.; Lund-Jensen, B.; Strandberg, J. J.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Mastrandrea, P.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Ahmad, A.; Arfaoui, S.; Devetak, E.; DeWilde, B.; Engelmann, R.; Farley, J.; Goodson, J. J.; Grassi, V.; Gray, J. A.; Hobbs, J.; Jia, J.; Mastrandrea, P.; McCarthy, R. L.; Mohapatra, S.; Rijssenbeek, M.; Schamberger, R. D.; Stupak, J.; Tsybychev, D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bartsch, V.; De Santo, A.; Martin-Haugh, S.; Potter, C. J.; Rose, A.; Salvatore, E.; Sutton, M. R.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton, E Sussex, England. [Bangert, A.; Cuthbert, C.; Patel, N.; Saavedra, A. F.; Scarcella, M.; Varvell, K. E.; Watson, I. J.; Waugh, A. T.; Yabsley, B.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Chu, M. L.; Hou, S.; Lee, S. C.; Lin, S. C.; Liu, D.; Mazini, R.; Meng, Z.; Soh, D. A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, J.; Wang, S. M.; Zhou, Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Harpaz, S. Behar; Kajomovitz, E.; Rozen, Y.; Tarem, S.; Trboush, S.; Vallecorsa, S.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Abramowicz, H.; Alexander, G.; Amram, N.; Bella, G.; Benary, O.; Benhammou, Y.; Etzion, E.; Gershon, A.; Ginzburg, J.; Guttman, N.; Hod, N.; Munwes, Y.; Oren, Y.; Reinherz-Aronis, E.; Sadeh, I.; Silver, Y.; Soffer, A.; Taiblum, N.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Iliadis, D.; Kordas, K.; Kouskoura, V.; Nomidis, I.; Petridis, A.; Petridou, C.; Sampsonidis, D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Phys, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kazama, S.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Sasaki, Y.; Tanaka, J. J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Int Ctr Elementary Particle Phys, Tokyo, Japan. [Akimoto, G.; Asai, S.; Azuma, Y.; Dohmae, T.; Kanaya, N.; Kataoka, Y.; Kawamoto, T.; Kazama, S.; Kessoku, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Komori, Y.; Mashimo, T.; Masubuchi, T.; Matsunaga, H.; Nakamura, K.; Nakamura, T.; Ninomiya, Y.; Okuyama, T.; Sakamoto, H.; Sasaki, Y.; Tanaka, J. J.; Terashi, K.; Ueda, I.; Yamaguchi, H.; Yamamoto, S.; Yamamura, T.; Yamanaka, T.; Yamazaki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 113, Japan. [Bratzler, U.; Fukunaga, C.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Ishitsuka, M.; Jinnouchi, O.; Kanno, T.; Kuze, M.; Nagai, R.; Nobe, T.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Tokyo 152, Japan. [AbouZeid, O. S.; Bailey, D. C.; Bain, T.; Brelier, B.; Cheung, S. L.; Dhaliwal, S.; Farooque, T.; Fatholahzadeh, B.; Gibson, A.; Guo, B.; Ilic, N.; Keung, J.; Knecht, N. S.; Krieger, P.; Martens, F. K.; Orr, R. S.; Rezvani, R.; Rosenbaum, G. A.; Savard, R.; Sinervo, P.; Spreitzer, T.; Tardif, D.; Teuscher, R. J.; Thompson, P. D.; Trischuk, W.; Venturi, N.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Canepa, A.; Chekulaev, S. V.; Fortin, D.; Koutsman, A.; Losty, M. J.; Nugent, I. M.; Oram, C. J.; Codina, E. Perez; Schouten, D.; Stelzer-Chilton, O.; Tafirout, R.; Taylor, W.; Trigger, I. M.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Garcia, J. A. Benitez; Palacino, G.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. [Hanawa, K.; Hara, K.; Hayashi, T.; Kim, S. H.; Kiuchi, K.; Kurata, M.; Nagai, K.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Fac Pure & Appl Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. [Beauchemin, P. H.; Hamilton, S.; Meoni, E.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.; Todorova-Nova, S.; Wetter, J.] Tufts Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Losada, M.; Loureiro, K. F.; Navas, L. Mendoza; Navarro, G.; Sandoval, C.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest, Bogota, Colombia. [Avolio, G.; Deng, J.; Farrell, S.; Eschrich, I. Gough; Lankford, A. J.; Magnoni, L.; Mete, A. S.; Nelson, A.; Scannicchio, D. A.; Schernau, M.; Taffard, A.; Toggerson, B.; Unel, G.; Werth, M.; Wheeler-Ellis, S. J.; Whiteson, D.; Zhou, N.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Acharya, B. S.; Alhroob, M.; Brazzale, S. F.; Cobal, M.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] INFN, Grp Collegato Udine, Udine, Italy. [Acharya, B. S.] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy. [Alhroob, M.; Brazzale, S. F.; Cobal, M.; De Sanctis, U.; Del Papa, C.; Giordani, M. P.; Pinamonti, M.; Shaw, K.; Soualah, R.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Chim Fis & Ambiente, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Atkinson, M.; Basye, A.; Benekos, N.; Cavaliere, V.; Chang, R.; Coggeshall, J.; Cortes-Gonzalez, A.; Errede, D.; Errede, S.; Lie, K.; Liss, T. M.; McCarn, A.; Neubauer, M. S.; Vichou, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Brenner, R.; Buszello, C. P.; Ekelof, T.; Ellert, M.; Ferrari, A.; Isaksson, C.; Pelikan, D.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J. M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Navarro, J. E. Garcia; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Moya, M. Minano; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Lopez, S. Pedraza; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J. M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Navarro, J. E. Garcia; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Moya, M. Minano; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Lopez, S. Pedraza; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Atom Mol & Nucl, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J. M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Navarro, J. E. Garcia; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Moya, M. Minano; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Lopez, S. Pedraza; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Ingn Elect, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J. M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Navarro, J. E. Garcia; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Moya, M. Minano; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Lopez, S. Pedraza; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] Univ Valencia, Inst Microelect Barcelona IMB CNM, Valencia, Spain. [Urban, S. Cabrera; Gimenez, V. Castillo; Costa, M. J. M. J.; Fassi, F.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Navarro, J. E. Garcia; de la Hoz, S. Gonzalez; Jimenez, Y. Hernandez; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Quiles, A. Irles; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V. R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Moya, M. Minano; Mitsou, V. A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Llacer, M. Moreno; Garcia, E. Oliver; Lopez, S. Pedraza; Garcia-Estan, M. T. Perez; Adam, E. Romero; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Martinez, V. Sanchez; Solans, C. A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Pastor, E. Torro; Valero, A.; Gallego, E. Valladolid; Ferrer, J. A. Valls; Perez, M. Villaplana; Vos, M.] CSIC, Valencia, Spain. [Axen, D.; Gay, C.; Gecse, Z.; Loh, C. W.; Mills, W. J.; Swedish, S.; Viel, S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Albert, J.; Astbury, A.; Bansal, V.; Berghaus, F.; Courneyea, L.; Fincke-Keeler, M.; Keeler, R.; Kowalewski, R.; Lefebvre, M.; Lessard, J-R.; Marino, C. P.; Martyniuk, A. C.; McPherson, R. A.; Ouellette, E. A.; Plamondon, M.; Sobie, R.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Farrington, S. M.; Jones, G.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Kimura, N.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Alon, R.; Barak, L.; Bressler, S.; Citron, Z. H.; Duchovni, E.; Frank, T.; Gabizon, O.; Gross, E.; Groth-Jensen, J.; Lellouch, D.; Levinson, L. J.; Mikenberg, G.; Miov, A.; Milstein, D.; Roth, I.; Silbert, O.; Smakhtin, V.; Vitells, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Asfandiyarov, R.; Banerjee, Sw; Carrillo-Montoya, G. D.; Hernandez, A. M. Castaneda; Castaneda-Miranda, E.; Chen, X.; Di Mattia, A.; Dos Anjos, A.; Fang, Y.; Castillo, L. R. Flores; Gutzwiller, O.; Ji, H.; Ju, X.; Kashif, L.; Li, H.; Ma, L. L.; Garcia, B. R. Mellado; Ming, Y.; Pan, Y. B.; Morales, M. I. Pedraza; Quayle, W. B.; Sarangi, T.; Wang, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wu, S. L.; Zobernig, G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fleischmann, P.; Meyer, J.; Redelbach, A.; Siragusa, G.; Stroehmer, R.; Trefzger, T.] Univ Wurzburg, Fak Phys & Astron, Wurzburg, Germany. [Barisonzi, M.; Becker, A. K.; Becks, K. H.; Boek, J.; Braun, H. M.; Cornelissen, T.; Duda, D.; Fleischmann, S.; Flick, T.; Gerlach, P.; Glitza, K. W.; Gorfine, G.; Hamacher, K.; Harenberg, T.; Henss, T.; Hirschbuehl, D.; Kalinin, S.; Kersten, S.; Khoroshilov, A.; Klier, A.; Kohlmann, S.; Lantzsch, K.; Lenzen, G.; Maettig, P.; Mechtel, M.; Neumann, M.; Pataraia, S.; Sandhoff, M.; Sartisohn, G.; Schultes, J. J.; Sturm, R.; Voss, T. T.; Wagner, W.; Wahlen, H.; Wicke, D.; Zeitnitz, C.] Berg Univ Wuppertal, Fachbereich Phys C, Wuppertal, Germany. [Adelman, J.; Baker, O. K.; Bedikian, S.; Almenar, C. Cuenca; Czyczula, Z.; Demers, S.; Garberson, F.; Golling, T.; Guest, D.; Lagouri, T.; Lee, L.; Loginov, A.; Sherman, D.; Tipton, P.; Wall, R.; Walsh, B.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT USA. [Hakobyan, H.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Biscarat, C.; Cogneras, E.; Rahal, G.] Inst Natl Phys Nucl & Phys Particules IN2P3, Ctr Calcul, Villeurbanne, France. LIP, Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, P-1000 Lisbon, Portugal. [Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Onofre, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Lisbon, Portugal. [Gomes, A.; Maio, A.; Onofre, A.; Pina, J.] Univ Lisbon, CFNUL, Lisbon, Portugal. [Apolle, R.; Davies, E.; Mattravers, C.; Nash, M.; Park, W.; Purohit, M.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Particle Phys Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Azuelos, G.; Gingrich, D. M.; Oakham, F. G.; Pasztor, G.; Savard, R.; Ad, J. Toth; Vetterli, M. C.] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Bawa, H. S.; Gao, Y. S.; Lowe, A. J.; Perez, K.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Phys, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Richter-Was, E.; Talyshev, A.; Tikhonov, Y. A.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Canelli, F.; Ruan, X.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL USA. [Carvalho, J.; Fiolhais, M. C. N.; Oliveira, M.; Spousta, M.; Wolters, H.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Phys, Coimbra, Portugal. [Hernandez, A. M. Castaneda; Ai, D. Tsionou] UASLP, Dept Phys, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Conventi, E.; Della Pietra, M.; Aj, T. Vickey B.] Univ Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy. [Corriveau, F.; McPherson, R. A.; Robertson, S. H.; Sobie, R.; Teuscher, R. J.; Ak, D. Zhang B.] Inst Particle Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Demirkoz, B.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Dhullipudi, R.; Greenwood, Z. D.; Sawyer, L.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71270 USA. [Wemansan, A. Do Valle] Univ Nova Lisboa, Dept Fis, Caparica, Portugal. [Wemansan, A. Do Valle] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, CEFITEC, Caparica, Portugal. [Dobson, E.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England. [Guler, H.] Univ Montreal, Grp Particle Phys, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Hamilton, A.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Phys, Cape Town, South Africa. [Huseynov, N.] Azerbaijan Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Baku 370143, Azerbaijan. [Kono, T.; Wildt, M. A.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Hamburg, Germany. [Konoplich, R.] Manhattan Coll, New York, NY USA. [Li, H.; Meng, Z.] Shandong Univ, Sch Phys, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Li, S.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, Marseille, France. [Li, S.] CNRS IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Liang, Z.; Soh, D. A.; Weng, Z.] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Lin, S. C.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Acad Sinica Grid Comp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Messina, A.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Mountricha, E.; Xu, C.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, Inst Rech Lois Fondamentales Univers, Commissariat Energie Atom, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Nessi, M.] Univ Geneva, Sect Phys, Geneva, Switzerland. [Onofre, A.] Univ Minho, Dept Fis, Braga, Portugal. [Park, W.; Purohit, M.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Pasztor, G.; Ad, J. Toth] Wigner Res Ctr Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Perez, K.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Richter-Was, E.] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Phys, Krakow, Poland. 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RI Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017; Yang, Haijun/O-1055-2015; Monzani, Simone/D-6328-2017; SULIN, VLADIMIR/N-2793-2015; Nechaeva, Polina/N-1148-2015; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; BESSON, NATHALIE/L-6250-2015; Vanadia, Marco/K-5870-2016; Ippolito, Valerio/L-1435-2016; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/L-3893-2016; Maneira, Jose/D-8486-2011; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/D-6269-2015; Gauzzi, Paolo/D-2615-2009; O'Shea, Val/G-1279-2010; Solodkov, Alexander/B-8623-2017; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/M-6194-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011; Carvalho, Joao/M-4060-2013; Mashinistov, Ruslan/M-8356-2015; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/E-2494-2016; Guo, Jun/O-5202-2015; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/F-1256-2016; Leyton, Michael/G-2214-2016; Jones, Roger/H-5578-2011; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/F-9847-2016; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/G-7212-2015; Riu, Imma/L-7385-2014; Della Pietra, Massimo/J-5008-2012; Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Negrini, Matteo/C-8906-2014; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012; Hansen, John/B-9058-2015; Grancagnolo, Sergio/J-3957-2015; spagnolo, stefania/A-6359-2012; Shmeleva, Alevtina/M-6199-2015; Camarri, Paolo/M-7979-2015; Gavrilenko, Igor/M-8260-2015; Peleganchuk, Sergey/J-6722-2014; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/K-4686-2014; Bosman, Martine/J-9917-2014; Castro, Nuno/D-5260-2011; Lei, Xiaowen/O-4348-2014; Wemans, Andre/A-6738-2012; Demirkoz, Bilge/C-8179-2014; Gutierrez, Phillip/C-1161-2011; Ventura, Andrea/A-9544-2015; Livan, Michele/D-7531-2012; Mitsou, Vasiliki/D-1967-2009; Joergensen, Morten/E-6847-2015; Alexa, Calin/F-6345-2010; Orlov, Ilya/E-6611-2012; Petrucci, Fabrizio/G-8348-2012; Annovi, Alberto/G-6028-2012; Stoicea, Gabriel/B-6717-2011; de Groot, Nicolo/A-2675-2009; Veneziano, Stefano/J-1610-2012; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Brooks, William/C-8636-2013; Pina, Joao /C-4391-2012; Amorim, Antonio/C-8460-2013; Mehdiyev, Rashid/H-6299-2013; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/H-7796-2013; Moorhead, Gareth/B-6634-2009; Casadei, Diego/I-1785-2013; La Rosa, Alessandro/I-1856-2013; Moraes, Arthur/F-6478-2010; Smirnov, Sergei/F-1014-2011; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Boyko, Igor/J-3659-2013; Kuleshov, Sergey/D-9940-2013; Anjos, Nuno/I-3918-2013; Kartvelishvili, Vakhtang/K-2312-2013; Dawson, Ian/K-6090-2013; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/J-1596-2012; Fabbri, Laura/H-3442-2012; Villa, Mauro/C-9883-2009; Kepka, Oldrich/G-6375-2014; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Jakoubek, Tomas/G-8644-2014; Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Kupco, Alexander/G-9713-2014; Marcisovsky, Michal/H-1533-2014; Mikestikova, Marcela/H-1996-2014; Kuday, Sinan/C-8528-2014; Snesarev, Andrey/H-5090-2013; Tomasek, Lukas/G-6370-2014; Svatos, Michal/G-8437-2014; Chudoba, Jiri/G-7737-2014; Ferrando, James/A-9192-2012; Tudorache, Alexandra/L-3557-2013; Tudorache, Valentina/D-2743-2012; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Shabalina, Elizaveta/M-2227-2013; Wolters, Helmut/M-4154-2013; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Sukharev, Andrey/A-6470-2014; Fazio, Salvatore /G-5156-2010; Lee, Jason/B-9701-2014; Robson, Aidan/G-1087-2011; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013 OI Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368; Monzani, Simone/0000-0002-0479-2207; SULIN, VLADIMIR/0000-0003-3943-2495; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Vanadia, Marco/0000-0003-2684-276X; Ippolito, Valerio/0000-0001-5126-1620; Mora Herrera, Maria Clemencia/0000-0003-3915-3170; Maneira, Jose/0000-0002-3222-2738; KHODINOV, ALEKSANDR/0000-0003-3551-5808; Gauzzi, Paolo/0000-0003-4841-5822; O'Shea, Val/0000-0001-7183-1205; Solodkov, Alexander/0000-0002-2737-8674; Tikhomirov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9634-0581; Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636; Carvalho, Joao/0000-0002-3015-7821; Mashinistov, Ruslan/0000-0001-7925-4676; Gonzalez de la Hoz, Santiago/0000-0001-5304-5390; Guo, Jun/0000-0001-8125-9433; Aguilar Saavedra, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-5475-8920; Leyton, Michael/0000-0002-0727-8107; Jones, Roger/0000-0002-6427-3513; Vranjes Milosavljevic, Marija/0000-0003-4477-9733; Mir, Lluisa-Maria/0000-0002-4276-715X; Riu, Imma/0000-0002-3742-4582; Della Pietra, Massimo/0000-0003-4446-3368; Negrini, Matteo/0000-0003-0101-6963; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399; Hansen, John/0000-0002-8422-5543; Grancagnolo, Sergio/0000-0001-8490-8304; spagnolo, stefania/0000-0001-7482-6348; Camarri, Paolo/0000-0002-5732-5645; Peleganchuk, Sergey/0000-0003-0907-7592; Santamarina Rios, Cibran/0000-0002-9810-1816; Bosman, Martine/0000-0002-7290-643X; Castro, Nuno/0000-0001-8491-4376; Lei, Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Wemans, Andre/0000-0002-9669-9500; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413; Livan, Michele/0000-0002-5877-0062; Mitsou, Vasiliki/0000-0002-1533-8886; Joergensen, Morten/0000-0002-6790-9361; Orlov, Ilya/0000-0003-4073-0326; Petrucci, Fabrizio/0000-0002-5278-2206; Annovi, Alberto/0000-0002-4649-4398; Stoicea, Gabriel/0000-0002-7511-4614; Veneziano, Stefano/0000-0002-2598-2659; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Brooks, William/0000-0001-6161-3570; Pina, Joao /0000-0001-8959-5044; Vanyashin, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0367-5666; Moorhead, Gareth/0000-0002-9299-9549; La Rosa, Alessandro/0000-0001-6291-2142; Moraes, Arthur/0000-0002-5157-5686; Smirnov, Sergei/0000-0002-6778-073X; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Boyko, Igor/0000-0002-3355-4662; Kuleshov, Sergey/0000-0002-3065-326X; Solfaroli Camillocci, Elena/0000-0002-5347-7764; Fabbri, Laura/0000-0002-4002-8353; Villa, Mauro/0000-0002-9181-8048; Mikestikova, Marcela/0000-0003-1277-2596; Kuday, Sinan/0000-0002-0116-5494; Tomasek, Lukas/0000-0002-5224-1936; Svatos, Michal/0000-0002-7199-3383; Ferrando, James/0000-0002-1007-7816; Wolters, Helmut/0000-0002-9588-1773; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Lee, Jason/0000-0002-2153-1519; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X FU ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhl, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, China; NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, Czech Republic; MPO CR, Czech Republic; VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, European Union; ERC, European Union; NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, France; CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; DFG, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; NSRF, Greece; ISF, Israel; MINERVA, Israel; GIF, Israel; DIP, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM, Netherlands; NWO, Netherlands; BRF, Norway; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES, Portugal; FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia; ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS, Slovenia; MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC, Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, Canton of Bern, Switzerland; SER, Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; SNSF, Canton of Bern, Switzerland; SNSF, Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America FX We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhl, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. NR 64 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 8 U2 158 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 720 IS 4-5 BP 277 EP 308 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2013.02.015 PG 32 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 120DR UT WOS:000317151500002 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Aguilo, E Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hammer, J Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Knunz, V Krammer, M Kratschmer, I Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Waltenberger, W Walzel, G Widl, E Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, M Bansal, S Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Staykova, Z Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Mohammadi, A Reis, T Thomas, L Vander Marcken, G Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, R Wang, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, E Tytgat, M Verwilligen, P Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Castello, R Ceard, L Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Schul, N Garcia, JMV Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Hammad, GH Alves, GA Martins, MC Damiao, DD Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Martins, CD De Souza, SF Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Oguri, V Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Anjos, TS Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, R Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vutova, M Dimitrov, A Hadjiiska, R Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Meng, X Tao, J Wang, J Wang, X Wang, Z Xiao, H Xu, M Zang, J Zhang, Z Asawatangtrakuldee, C Ban, Y Guo, Y Li, W Liu, S Mao, Y Qian, SJ Teng, H Wang, D Zhang, L Zou, W Avila, C Gomez, JP Moreno, BG Oliveros, AFO Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Plestina, R Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Kovac, M Brigljevic, V Duric, S Kadija, K Luetic, J Morovic, S Attikis, A Galanti, M Mavromanolakis, G Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Finger, M Finger, M Assran, Y Elgammal, S Kame, AE Khalil, S Mahmoud, MA Radi, A Kadastik, M Muntel, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Tiko, A Eerola, P Fedi, G Voutilainen, M Harkonen, J Heikkinen, A Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Maenpaa, T Peltola, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Ungaro, D 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Spiezia, A Taroni, S Azzurri, P Bagliesi, G Bernardini, J Boccali, T Broccolo, G Castaldi, R D'Agnolo, RT Dell'Orso, R Fiori, E Foa, L Giassi, A Kraan, A Ligabue, E Lomtadze, T Martini, L Messineo, A Palla, F Rizzi, A Serban, AT Spagnolo, P Squillacioti, R Tenchini, R Tonelli, G Venturi, A Verdini, PG Barone, L Cavallari, E Del Re, D Diemoz, M Fanelli, C Grassi, M Longo, E Meridiani, P Michell, F Nourbakhsh, S Organtini, G Paramatti, R Rahatlou, S Sigamani, M Soffi, L Amapane, N Arcidiacono, R Argiro, S Arneodo, M Biino, C Cartiglia, N Costa, M Demaria, N Mariotti, C Maselli, S Migliore, E Monaco, V Musich, M Obertino, MM Pastrone, N Pelliccioni, M Potenza, A Romero, A Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Pereira, AV Visca, L Belforte, S Candelise, V Casarsa, M Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Gobbo, B Marone, M Montanino, D Penzo, A Schizzi, A Heo, SG Kim, TY Nam, SK Chang, S Kim, DH Kim, GN Kong, DJ Park, H Ro, SR Son, DC Son, T Kim, JY Kim, J Song, S Choi, S Gyun, D Hong, B Jo, M Kim, H Kim, TJ 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Search for excited leptons in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE CMS; Physics ID COMPOSITE MODELS; QUARKS; CONFIDENCE; LEP AB Results are presented of a search for compositeness in electrons and muons using a data sample of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy root s = 7 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb(-1). Excited leptons (l*) are assumed to be produced via contact interactions in conjunction with a standard model lepton and to decay via l* -> l gamma, yielding a final state with two energetic leptons and a photon. The number of events observed in data is consistent with that expected from the standard model. The 95% confidence upper limits for the cross section for the production and decay of excited electrons (muons), with masses ranging from 0.6 to 2 TeV, are 1.48 to 1.24 fb (1.31 to 1.11 fb). 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S.; Kaschube, K.; Kaussen, G.; Kirschenmann, H.; Klanner, R.; Lange, J.; Mura, B.; Nowak, F.; Peiffer, T.; Pietsch, N.; Rathjens, D.; Sander, C.; Schettler, H.; Schleper, P.; Schlieckau, E.; Schmidt, A.; Schroder, M.; Schum, T.; Seidel, M.; Sola, V.; Stadie, H.; Steinbrueck, G.; Thomsen, J.; Vanelderen, L.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barth, C.; Berger, J.; Boeser, C.; Chwalek, T.; De Boer, W.; Descroix, A.; Dierlamm, A.; Feindt, M.; Guthoff, M.; Hackstein, C.; Hartmann, F.; Hauth, T.; Heinrich, M.; Held, H.; Hoffmann, K. H.; Husemann, U.; Katkov, I.; Komaragiri, J. R.; Pardo, P. Lobelle; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Nuernberg, A.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Roecker, S.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Ulrich, R.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Wayand, S.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Mavrommatis, C.; Ntomari, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Bencze, G.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Sikler, E.; Veszpremi, V.; Vesztergombi, G.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Beni, N.; Czellar, S.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. [Ben, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Kaur, M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, J. B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Kumar, Ashok; Kumar, Arun; Ahuja, S.; Bhardwaj, A.; Choudhary, B. C.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, Sa.; Jain, Sh.; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.; Sharan, M.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Abdulsalam, A.; Choudhury, R. K.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mehta, P.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Panda, B.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Laselli, G.; Lusito, L.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Venditti, R.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Lusito, L.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Venditti, R.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Laselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, R.; Grandi, C.; Guiducci, L.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Guiducci, L.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, El.; Odorici, E.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, E.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G. P. b; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, El.; Primavera, E.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G. P. b; Travaglini, R.; Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.; Tosi, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Tosi, S.] Univ Genoa, Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, E.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, E.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, E.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Meola, S.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Merola, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pazzini, J.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, E.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Gasparini, U.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pazzini, J.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento, Padua, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Rath, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Rath, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, R.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, E.; Saha, A.; Santocchia, A.; Spiezia, A.; Taroni, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, R.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, E.; Santocchia, A.; Spiezia, A.; Taroni, S.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Bernardini, J.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, E.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, E.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Squillacioti, R.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, E.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, E.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, E.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Fanelli, C.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Michell, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Fanelli, C.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Michell, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.] Univ Rome, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.; Pereira, A. Vilela; Visca, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Costa, M.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Visca, L.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Candelise, V.; Casarsa, M.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.; Schizzi, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Candelise, V.; Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Schizzi, A.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Heo, S. G.; Kim, T. Y.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Ro, S. R.; Son, D. C.; Son, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Cho, Y.; Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. 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A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gokieli, R.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Otwock, Poland. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Belotelov, I.; Golutvin, I.; Gorbunov, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Konoplyanikov, V.; Kozlov, G.; Laney, A.; Malakhov, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Savina, M.; Shmatov, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. 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Palencia; Perez, E.; Perrozzi, L.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sekmen, S.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vlimant, J. R.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.; Anastassov, A.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Sibille, J.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Donega, M.; Duenser, M.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Hits, D.; Lecomte, R.; Lustermann, W.; Marini, A. C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Nageli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pandolfi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Tupputi, S.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Bahinipati, S.; Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Liu, Z. K.; Lu, Y. J.; Mekterovic, D.; Singh, A. P.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W-S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Asavapibhop, B.; Srimanobhas, N.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Bangkok, Thailand. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karaman, T.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Min, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cankocak, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Bostock, F.; Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Stoye, M.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Charaf, O.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; John, J. St.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Alimena, J.; Bhattacharya, S.; Cutts, D.; Ferapontov, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.; Tsang, K. V.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Pellett, D.; Ricci-tam, F.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Andreev, V.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Plager, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Traczyk, P.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Dinardo, M. E.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Jeng, G. Y.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Golf, F.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, E.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Koay, S. A.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Rebassoo, E.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Spiropulu, M.; Timciuc, V.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Xie, S.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Akgun, B.; Azzolini, V.; Calamba, A.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.; Tucker, J.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Bloch, I.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Kilminster, B.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Linacre, J.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yumiceva, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Cheng, T.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I.; Gartner, J.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Park, M.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Hewamanage, S.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, I. M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; Malek, M.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Strom, D.; Turner, P.; Varelas, N.] UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; One, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tan, P.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Rappoccio, S.; Swartz, M.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Kenny, R. P., III; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.; Zhukova, V.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Boutemeur, M.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kim, M.; Lberg, T. Ko; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Peterman, A.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.; Twedt, E.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Apyan, A.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Hahn, K. A.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Krajczar, K.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Butt, J.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malbouisson, H.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Baur, U.; Godshalk, A.; Lashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Shipkowski, S. P.; Smith, K.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Nash, D.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Kubik, A.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Chan, K. M.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Planer, M.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Adam, N.; Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Gerbaudo, D.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Jindal, P.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Safdi, B.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Brownson, E.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Adair, A.; Boulahouache, C.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Ferbel, T.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Rekovic, V.; Robles, J.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Damgov, J.; Dragoiu, C.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Roh, Y.; Volobouev, I.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Delannoy, A. G.; Florez, C.; Greene, S.; Gurrola, A.; Johns, W.; Johnston, C.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sharma, M.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.; Yohay, R.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Kodolova, O.; Anastassov, A.; Anderson, M.; Belknap, D.; Borrello, L.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Friis, E.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Leonard, J.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Palmonari, F.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Vienna Univ Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. 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Y.] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Utah Valley Univ, Orem, UT USA. [Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Bilki, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Mermerkaya, H.] Erzincan Univ, Erzincan, Turkey. [Ozok, F.] Mimar Sinan Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Daegu, South Africa. RP Chatrchyan, S (reprint author), Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. RI Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Govoni, Pietro/K-9619-2016; Yazgan, Efe/C-4521-2014; Gerbaudo, Davide/J-4536-2012; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Azarkin, Maxim/N-2578-2015; Dubinin, Mikhail/I-3942-2016; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Seixas, Joao/F-5441-2013; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Bedoya, Cristina/K-8066-2014; My, Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014; Dahms, Torsten/A-8453-2015; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Raidal, Martti/F-4436-2012; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Bartalini, Paolo/E-2512-2014; Santoro, Alberto/E-7932-2014; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Codispoti, Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Venturi, Andrea/J-1877-2012; Wimpenny, Stephen/K-8848-2013; Markina, Anastasia/E-3390-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/D-4314-2011; Dogangun, Oktay/L-9252-2013; Marlow, Daniel/C-9132-2014; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/G-6218-2012; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Janssen, Xavier/E-1915-2013; Novaes, Sergio/D-3532-2012; Hill, Christopher/B-5371-2012; Lokhtin, Igor/D-7004-2012; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/E-8563-2013; Montanari, Alessandro/J-2420-2012; Kodolova, Olga/D-7158-2012; Ivanov, Andrew/A-7982-2013; Tinti, Gemma/I-5886-2013; Liu, Sheng/K-2815-2013; Petrushanko, Sergey/D-6880-2012; Tomei, Thiago/E-7091-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Cavallo, Nicola/F-8913-2012; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Zhukov, Valery/K-3615-2013 OI Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Gerbaudo, Davide/0000-0002-4463-0878; Heath, Helen/0000-0001-6576-9740; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Dubinin, Mikhail/0000-0002-7766-7175; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Bedoya, Cristina/0000-0001-8057-9152; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; Dahms, Torsten/0000-0003-4274-5476; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Hill, Christopher/0000-0003-0059-0779; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; FU FMSR (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MoST (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER (Estonia) [SF0690030s09]; ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland (Finland); MEC (Finland); HIP (Finland); CEA (France); CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NKTH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); I +/- (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Republic of Korea); WCU (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE (Poland); NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia); JINR (Belarus); JINR (Georgia); JINR (Ukraine); JINR (Uzbekistan); MON (Russia); RosAtom (Russia); RAS (Russia); RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (USA); NSF (USA); Marie-Curie programme; European Research Council (European Union); Leventis Foundation; A.P. Sloan Foundation; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science; European Union, Regional Development Fund FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); I +/- (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 96 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 720 IS 4-5 BP 309 EP 329 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2013.02.031 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 120DR UT WOS:000317151500003 ER PT J AU Dracoulis, GD Lane, GJ Byrne, AP Watanabe, H Hughes, RO Kondev, FG Carpenter, M Janssens, RVF Lauritsen, T Lister, CJ Seweryniak, D Zhu, S Chowdhury, P Shi, Y Xu, FR AF Dracoulis, G. D. Lane, G. J. Byrne, A. P. Watanabe, H. Hughes, R. O. Kondev, F. G. Carpenter, M. Janssens, R. V. F. Lauritsen, T. Lister, C. J. Seweryniak, D. Zhu, S. Chowdhury, P. Shi, Y. Xu, F. R. TI Isomers and excitation modes in the gamma-soft nucleus Os-192 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID COLLECTIVITY; SHAPES AB New spectroscopic results for high-spin states in Os-192 populated in deep-inelastic reactions include the identification of a 2-ns, 12(+) isomeric state at 2865 key and a 295-ns, 20(+) state at 4580 keV and their associated Delta J = 2 sequences. The structures are interpreted as manifestations of maximal rotation alignment within the neutron i(13/2) and proton h(11/2) shells at oblate deformation. Rotational band members based on the long-lived, K-pi =10(-) isomer are also identified for the first time. Configuration-constrained, potential-energy-surface calculations predict that other prolate multi-quasiparticle high-K states should exist at low energy. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Dracoulis, G. D.; Lane, G. J.; Byrne, A. P.; Watanabe, H.; Hughes, R. O.] Australian Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, RSPE, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Watanabe, H.] RIKEN, Nishina Ctr, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. [Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Carpenter, M.; Janssens, R. V. F.; Lauritsen, T.; Lister, C. J.; Seweryniak, D.; Zhu, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chowdhury, P.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Shi, Y.; Xu, F. R.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP Dracoulis, GD (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, RSPE, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM george.dracoulis@anu.edu.au RI Xu, Furong/K-4178-2013; Lane, Gregory/A-7570-2011; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015; OI Lane, Gregory/0000-0003-2244-182X; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734; Byrne, Aidan/0000-0002-7096-6455 FU Australian Research Council; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics FX We are grateful to R.B. Turkentine for preparing the osmium targets. This work was supported by the Australian Research Council and the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 and Grant No. DE-FG02-94ER40848. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 720 IS 4-5 BP 330 EP 335 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2013.02.026 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 120DR UT WOS:000317151500004 ER PT J AU Solanki, D Sorensen, P Basu, S Raniwala, R Nayak, TK AF Solanki, Dronika Sorensen, Paul Basu, Sumit Raniwala, Rashmi Nayak, Tapan Kumar TI Beam energy dependence of elliptic and triangular flow with the AMPT model SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE Heavy ion collisions; Correlations; Flow; AMPT ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; COLLECTIVE FLOW AB A beam energy scan has been carried out at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory to search for the onset of deconfinement and a possible critical point where the transition from a Quark Gluon Plasma to a hadronic phase changes from a rapid cross-over to a first order phase transition. Anisotropy in the azimuthal distribution of produced particles such as the second and third harmonics v(2) and v(3) are expected to be sensitive to the existence of a Quark Gluon Plasma phase and the Equation of State of the system. For this reason, they are of great experimental interests. In this Letter we report on calculations of v(2) and v(3) from the AMPT model in the Default (Def.) and String Melting (SM) mode to provide a reference for the energy dependence of v(2) and v(3) for root S-NN from 7.7 GeV to 2.76 TeV. We expect that in the case that collisions cease to produce QGP at lower colliding energies, data will deviate from the AMPT String Melting calculations and come in better agreement with the Default calculations. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Solanki, Dronika; Raniwala, Rashmi] Univ Rajasthan, Dept Phys, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. [Sorensen, Paul] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Basu, Sumit; Nayak, Tapan Kumar] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India. RP Solanki, D (reprint author), Univ Rajasthan, Dept Phys, Jaipur 302004, Rajasthan, India. EM dronika@rcf.rhic.bnl.gov; psoren@bnl.gov; sumit.basu@cern.ch OI Sorensen, Paul/0000-0001-5056-9391 FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98-CH10886]; Department of Science and Technology, Government of India FX We would like to thank Zi-Wei Lin, Jun Xu and Che-Ming Ko for their guidance in carrying out the AMPT studies. This work is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-98-CH10886. Financial support from the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, is gratefully acknowledged. NR 42 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 720 IS 4-5 BP 352 EP 357 DI 10.1016/j.physletb.2013.02.028 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 120DR UT WOS:000317151500008 ER PT J AU Harvey, CW Alber, M Tsimring, LS Aranson, IS AF Harvey, Cameron W. Alber, Mark Tsimring, Lev S. Aranson, Igor S. TI Continuum modeling of myxobacteria clustering SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SELF-PROPELLED PARTICLES; PATTERN-FORMATION; DYNAMICS; CELL; ALIGNMENT; ORDER AB In this paper we develop a continuum theory of clustering in ensembles of self-propelled inelastically colliding rods with applications to collective dynamics of common gliding bacteria Myxococcus xanthus. A multi-phase hydrodynamic model that couples densities of oriented and isotropic phases is described. This model is used for the analysis of an instability that leads to spontaneous formation of directionally moving dense clusters within initially dilute isotropic 'gas' of myxobacteria. Numerical simulations of this model confirm the existence of stationary dense moving clusters and also elucidate the properties of their collisions. The results are shown to be in a qualitative agreement with experiments. C1 [Harvey, Cameron W.; Alber, Mark] Univ Notre Dame, Ctr Study Biocomplex, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Harvey, Cameron W.; Alber, Mark] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Alber, Mark] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Appl & Computat Math & Stat, Notre Dame, IN 46656 USA. [Alber, Mark] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Tsimring, Lev S.] Univ Calif San Diego, BioCircuits Inst, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Tsimring, Lev S.] San Diego Ctr Syst Biol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Aranson, Igor S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Aranson, Igor S.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Appl Math, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Harvey, CW (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Ctr Study Biocomplex, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM charvey2@nd.edu; malber@nd.edu; ltsimring@ucsd.edu; aronson@anl.gov RI Aranson, Igor/I-4060-2013 FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DEAC02-06CH11357]; NIH [1R01GM104978-01, P50-GM085764, 1R01GM100470-01] FX The work of ISA was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, under contract no. DEAC02-06CH11357 (experimental work) and by the NIH grant no. 1R01GM104978-01 (modeling). LST was supported by NIH grant no. P50-GM085764. CH and MA were supported by the NIH grant no. 1R01GM100470-01. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 21 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1367-2630 J9 NEW J PHYS JI New J. Phys. PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 15 AR 035029 DI 10.1088/1367-2630/15/3/035029 PG 15 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 115HR UT WOS:000316803700003 ER PT J AU Shoemaker, DP Chasapis, TC Do, D Francisco, MC Chung, DY Mahanti, SD Llobet, A Kanatzidis, MG AF Shoemaker, Daniel P. Chasapis, Thomas C. Do, Dat Francisco, Melanie C. Chung, Duck Young Mahanti, S. D. Llobet, Anna Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. TI Chemical ordering rather than random alloying in SbAs SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL PHASE-TRANSITION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; HIGH-PRESSURE; X-RAY; OPTICAL CONDUCTIVITY; CUBIC TRANSFORMATION; ANTIMONY ALLOYS; SINGLE CRYSTALS AB The semimetallic group-V elements display a wealth of correlated electron phenomena due to a small indirect band overlap that leads to relatively small, but equal, numbers of holes and electrons at the Fermi energy with high mobility. Their electronic bonding characteristics produce a unique crystal structure, the rhombohedral A7 structure, which accommodates lone pairs on each site. Here, we show via single-crystal and synchrotron x-ray diffraction that antimony arsenide (SbAs) is a compound and the A7 structure can display chemical ordering of Sb and As, which were previously thought to mix randomly. Formation of this compound arises due to differences in electronegativity that are common to IV-VI compounds of average group V such as GeTe, SnS, PbS, and PbTe, and also ordered intraperiod compounds such as CuAu and NiPt. High-temperature diffraction studies reveal an order-disorder transition around 550 K in SbAs, which is in stark contrast to IV-VI compounds GeTe and SnTe that become cubic at elevated temperatures but do not disorder. Transport and infrared reflectivity measurements, along with first-principles calculations, confirm that SbAs is a semimetal, albeit with a direct band separation larger than that of Sb or As. Because even subtle substitutions in the semimetals, notably Bi1-xSbx, can open semiconducting energy gaps, a further investigation of the interplay between chemical ordering and electronic structure on the A7 lattice is warranted. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.094201 C1 [Shoemaker, Daniel P.; Francisco, Melanie C.; Chung, Duck Young; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chasapis, Thomas C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Do, Dat; Mahanti, S. D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Llobet, Anna] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Manuel Lujan Jr Neutron Scattering Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Shoemaker, DP (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM m-kanatzidis@northwestern.edu RI Llobet, Anna/B-1672-2010; Do, Dat/G-5519-2012 OI Do, Dat/0000-0001-6627-3536 FU US DOE Office of Science Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; UChicago Argonne FX Work at Argonne National Laboratory is supported by UChicago Argonne, a US DOE Office of Science Laboratory, operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work utilized NPDF at the Lujan Center at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, funded by the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences and operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 39 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 9 AR 094201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.094201 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 113JS UT WOS:000316663700003 ER PT J AU Baroni, S Navratil, P Quaglioni, S AF Baroni, Simone Navratil, Petr Quaglioni, Sofia TI Unified ab initio approach to bound and unbound states: No-core shell model with continuum and its application to He-7 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID RESONATING-GROUP EQUATION; MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; LAGRANGE MESH; LIGHT-NUCLEI; GROUND-STATE; KNOCKOUT; HELIUM; 7HE AB We introduce a unified approach to nuclear bound and continuum states based on the coupling of the no-core shell model (NCSM), a bound-state technique, with the no-core shell model/resonating group method (NCSM/RGM), a nuclear scattering technique. This new ab initio method, no-core shell model with continuum (NCSMC), leads to convergence properties superior to either NCSM or NCSM/RGM while providing a balanced approach to different classes of states. In the NCSMC, the ansatz for the many-nucleon wave function includes (i) a square-integrableA-nucleon component expanded in a complete harmonic oscillator basis and (ii) a binary-cluster component with asymptotic boundary conditions that can properly describe weakly bound states, resonances, and scattering. The Schrodinger equation is transformed into a system of coupled-channel integral-differential equations that we solve using a modified microscopic R-matrix formalism within a Lagrange mesh basis. We demonstrate the usefulness of the approach by investigating the unbound He-7 nucleus. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.034326 C1 [Baroni, Simone] Univ Libre Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Baroni, Simone; Navratil, Petr] TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada. [Navratil, Petr; Quaglioni, Sofia] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. RP Baroni, S (reprint author), Univ Libre Bruxelles, CP 229, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. EM simone.baroni@ulb.ac.be; navratil@triumf.ca; quaglioni1@llnl.gov RI Baroni, Simone/N-6123-2016 OI Baroni, Simone/0000-0002-1484-0372 FU LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; US DOE/SC/NP [SCW1158]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [401945-2011]; US Department of Energy Grant [DE-FC02-07ER41457]; National Research Council Canada; Belgian Office for Scientific Policy [PAI-P6-23]; European Union Seventh Framework Programme [62010] FX Computing support for this work came in part from the LLNL institutional Computing Grand Challenge program. This work was prepared in part by the LLNL under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. Support from the US DOE/SC/NP (Work Proposal No. SCW1158), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Grant No. 401945-2011, and US Department of Energy Grant No. DE-FC02-07ER41457 is acknowledged. TRIUMF receives funding via a contribution through the National Research Council Canada. This research was supported in part by PAI-P6-23 of the Belgian Office for Scientific Policy and by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement No. 62010. NR 69 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 3 AR 034326 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.034326 PG 14 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 113MZ UT WOS:000316673400004 ER PT J AU Ertan, E Akdogan, T Chtangeev, MB Franklin, WA Gram, PAM Kovash, MA Matthews, JL Yuly, M AF Ertan, E. Akdogan, T. Chtangeev, M. B. Franklin, W. A. Gram, P. A. M. Kovash, M. A. Matthews, J. L. Yuly, M. TI Cross sections for neutron-deuteron elastic scattering in the energy range 135-250 MeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SEARCH AB We report new measurements of the neutron-deuteron elastic scattering cross section at energies from 135 to 250 MeV and center-of-mass angles from 80 degrees to 130 degrees. Cross sections for neutron-proton elastic scattering were also measured with the same experimental setup for normalization purposes. Our nd cross-section results are compared with predictions based on Faddeev calculations, including three-nucleon forces, and with cross sections measured with charged particle and neutron beams at comparable energies. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.034003 C1 [Ertan, E.; Akdogan, T.] Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey. [Akdogan, T.; Chtangeev, M. B.; Franklin, W. A.; Matthews, J. L.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Akdogan, T.; Chtangeev, M. B.; Franklin, W. A.; Matthews, J. L.] MIT, Nucl Sci Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Gram, P. A. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Kovash, M. A.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Yuly, M.] Houghton Coll, Dept Phys, Houghton, NY 14744 USA. RP Ertan, E (reprint author), Bogazici Univ, Dept Phys, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey. EM erol.ertan@boun.edu.tr FU US Department of Energy; National Science Foundation; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [107T538]; Bogazici University Research Fund [BAP6057] FX We acknowledge K. Boddy for her contributions to various aspects of this experiment. We thank the staff of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center for reliable delivery of beam and for help in preparing the experimental area, particularly in maintaining the liquid deuterium target. This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation, the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Grant No. 107T538), and the Bogazici University Research Fund (Grant No. BAP6057). NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 3 AR 034003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.034003 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 113MZ UT WOS:000316673400002 ER PT J AU Gardim, FG Grassi, F Luzum, M Ollitrault, JY AF Gardim, Fernando G. Grassi, Frederique Luzum, Matthew Ollitrault, Jean-Yves TI Breaking of factorization of two-particle correlations in hydrodynamics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID ROOT-S(NN)=2.76 TEV; COLLISIONS; FLOW; ANISOTROPY AB The system formed in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions behaves as a nearly perfect fluid. This collective behavior is probed experimentally by two-particle azimuthal correlations, which are typically averaged over the properties of one particle in each pair. In this Rapid Communication, we argue that much additional information is contained in the detailed structure of the correlation. In particular, the correlation matrix exhibits an approximate factorization in transverse momentum, which is taken as strong evidence for the hydrodynamic picture, while deviations from the factorized form are taken as a signal of intrinsic, "nonflow" correlations. We show that hydrodynamics in fact predicts factorization breaking as a natural consequence of initial-state fluctuations and averaging over events. We derive the general inequality relations that hold if flow dominates, and which are saturated if the matrix factorizes. For transverse momenta up to 5 GeV, these inequalities are satisfied in data, but not saturated. We find factorization breaking in event-by-event ideal hydrodynamic calculations that is at least as large as in data and argue that this phenomenon opens a new window on the study of initial fluctuations. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.031901 C1 [Gardim, Fernando G.; Grassi, Frederique] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Luzum, Matthew; Ollitrault, Jean-Yves] Inst Phys Theor Saclay, URA2306, IPhT, CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Luzum, Matthew] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2TS, Canada. [Luzum, Matthew] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gardim, FG (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, CP 66318, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RI Ollitrault, Jean-Yves/B-3709-2010; Grassi, Frederique/E-6374-2013; Gardim, Fernando/N-4365-2013; Luzum, Matthew/C-4986-2015 OI Ollitrault, Jean-Yves/0000-0001-6037-7975; Gardim, Fernando/0000-0002-4838-1469; Luzum, Matthew/0000-0002-0367-7055 FU FAPESP [09/50180-0, 09/16860-3]; FAPESP/CNRS [2011/51854-0]; CNPq [301141/2010-0]; European Research Council under the Advanced Investigator [ERC-AD-267258] FX We thank Yogiro Hama for useful discussions. This work is funded by FAPESP under Projects 09/50180-0 and 09/16860-3, by the FAPESP/CNRS Grant 2011/51854-0, and by CNPq under Project 301141/2010-0. M.L. is supported by the European Research Council under the Advanced Investigator Grant ERC-AD-267258. NR 47 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 3 AR 031901 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.031901 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA 113MZ UT WOS:000316673400001 ER PT J AU Burkardt, M Hendricks, KS Ji, CR Melnitchouk, W Thomas, AW AF Burkardt, M. Hendricks, K. S. Ji, Chueng-Ryong Melnitchouk, W. Thomas, A. W. TI Pion momentum distributions in the nucleon in chiral effective theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ROPER RESONANCE; PERTURBATION-THEORY; LATTICE QCD; SCATTERING LENGTHS; FLAVOR ASYMMETRY; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; VECTOR CURRENT; GOTTFRIED SUM; SEA; DYNAMICS AB We compute the light-cone momentum distributions of pions in the nucleon in chiral effective theory using both pseudovector and pseudoscalar pion-nucleon couplings. For the pseudovector coupling we identify delta-function contributions associated with end-point singularities arising from the pion-nucleon rainbow diagrams, as well as from pion bubble and tadpole diagrams which are not present in the pseudoscalar model. Gauge invariance is demonstrated, to all orders in the pion mass, with the inclusion of Kroll-Ruderman couplings involving operator insertions at the pi NN vertex. The results pave the way for phenomenological applications of pion cloud models that are manifestly consistent with the chiral symmetry properties of QCD. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.056009 C1 [Burkardt, M.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Hendricks, K. S.; Ji, Chueng-Ryong] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27692 USA. [Melnitchouk, W.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA. [Thomas, A. W.] Univ Adelaide, ARC Ctr Excellence Particle Phys Terascale, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Thomas, A. W.] Univ Adelaide, CSSM, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RP Burkardt, M (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RI Ji, Chueng/J-2623-2013; Thomas, Anthony/G-4194-2012 OI Thomas, Anthony/0000-0003-0026-499X FU DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23177, DE-FG02-03ER41260]; DOE Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI) Program; Australian Research Council through an Australian Laureate Fellowship; ARC Centre of Excellence in Particle Physics at the Terascale FX This work was supported by the DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, under which Jefferson Science Associates, LLC operates Jefferson Lab; DOE Contract No. DE-FG02-03ER41260; the DOE Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship (SULI) Program; and the Australian Research Council through an Australian Laureate Fellowship and the ARC Centre of Excellence in Particle Physics at the Terascale. NR 58 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 5 AR 056009 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.056009 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 113NP UT WOS:000316675000007 ER PT J AU Chatrchyan, S Khachatryan, V Sirunyan, AM Tumasyan, A Adam, W Aguilo, E Bergauer, T Dragicevic, M Ero, J Fabjan, C Friedl, M Fruhwirth, R Ghete, VM Hormann, N Hrubec, J Jeitler, M Kiesenhofer, W Knunz, V Krammer, M Kratschmer, I Liko, D Mikulec, I Pernicka, M Rabady, D Rahbaran, B Rohringer, C Rohringer, H Schofbeck, R Strauss, J Taurok, A Waltenberger, W Wulz, CE Mossolov, V Shumeiko, N Gonzalez, JS Bansal, M Bansal, S Cornelis, T De Wolf, EA Janssen, X Luyckx, S Mucibello, L Ochesanu, S Roland, B Rougny, R Selvaggi, M Van Haevermaet, H Van Mechelen, P Van Remortel, N Van Spilbeeck, A Blekman, F Blyweert, S D'Hondt, J Suarez, RG Kalogeropoulos, A Maes, M Olbrechts, A Van Doninck, W Van Mulders, P Van Onsem, GP Villella, I Clerbaux, B De Lentdecker, G Dero, V Gay, APR Hreus, T Leonard, A Marage, PE Mohammadi, A Reis, T Thomas, L Vander Velde, C Vanlaer, P Wang, J Adler, V Beernaert, K Cimmino, A Costantini, S Garcia, G Grunewald, M Klein, B Lellouch, J Marinov, A Mccartin, J Rios, AAO Ryckbosch, D Strobbe, N Thyssen, F Tytgat, M Walsh, S Yazgan, E Zaganidis, N Basegmez, S Bruno, G Castello, R Ceard, L Delaere, C du Pree, T Favart, D Forthomme, L Giammanco, A Hollar, J Lemaitre, V Liao, J Militaru, O Nuttens, C Pagano, D Pin, A Piotrzkowski, K Garcia, JMV Beliy, N Caebergs, T Daubie, E Hammad, GH Alves, GA Martins, MC Martins, T Pol, ME Souza, MHG Alda, WL Carvalho, W Custodio, A Da Costa, EM Damiao, DD Martins, CD De Souza, SF Malbouisson, H Malek, M Figueiredo, DM Mundim, L Nogima, H Da Silva, WLP Santoro, A Jorge, LS Sznajder, A Pereira, AV Anjos, TS Bernardes, CA Dias, FA Tomei, TRFP Gregores, EM Lagana, C Marinho, F Mercadante, PG Novaes, SF Padula, SS Genchev, V Iaydjiev, P Piperov, S Rodozov, M Stoykova, S Sultanov, G Tcholakov, V Trayanov, R Vutova, M Dimitrov, A Hadjiiska, R Kozhuharov, V Litov, L Pavlov, B Petkov, P Bian, JG Chen, GM Chen, HS Jiang, CH Liang, D Liang, S Meng, X Tao, J Wang, J Wang, X Wang, Z Xiao, H Xu, M Zang, J Zhang, Z Asawatangtrakuldee, C Ban, Y Guo, Y Li, W Liu, S Mao, Y Qian, SJ Teng, H Wang, D Zhang, L Zou, W Avila, C Gomez, JP Moreno, BG Oliveros, AFO Sanabria, JC Godinovic, N Lelas, D Plestina, R Polic, D Puljak, I Antunovic, Z Kovac, M Brigljevic, V Duric, S Kadija, K Luetic, J Mekterovic, D Morovic, S Attikis, A Galanti, M Mavromanolakis, G Mousa, J Nicolaou, C Ptochos, F Razis, PA Finger, M Finger, M Assran, Y Elgammal, S Kamel, AE Mahmoud, MA Mahrous, A Radi, A Kadastik, M Muntel, M Raidal, M Rebane, L Tiko, A Eerola, P Fedi, G Voutilainen, M Harkonen, J Heikkinen, A Karimaki, V Kinnunen, R Kortelainen, MJ Lampen, T Lassila-Perini, K Lehti, S Linden, T Luukka, P Manpaa, T Peltola, T Tuominen, E Tuominiemi, J Tuovinen, E Ungaro, D Wendland, L Banzuzi, K Karjalainen, A Korpela, A Tuuva, T Besancon, M Choudhury, S Dejardin, M Denegri, D Fabbro, B Faure, JL Ferri, F Ganjour, S Givernaud, A Gras, P de Monchenault, GH Jarry, P Locci, E Malcles, J Millischer, L Nayak, A Rander, J Rosowsky, A Titov, M Baffioni, S Beaudette, F Benhabib, L Bianchini, L Bluj, M Busson, P Charlot, C Daci, N Dahms, T Dalchenko, M Dobrzynski, L Florent, A de Cassagnac, RG Haguenauer, M Mine, P Mironov, C Naranjo, IN Nguyen, M Ochando, C Paganini, P Sabes, D Salerno, R Sirois, Y Veelken, C Zabi, A Agram, JL Andrea, J Bloch, D Bodin, D Brom, JM Cardaci, M Chabert, EC Collard, C Conte, E Drouhin, F Fontaine, JC Gele, D Goerlach, U Juillot, P Le Bihan, AC Van Hove, P Fassi, F Mercier, D Beauceron, S Beaupere, N Bondu, O Boudoul, G Chasserat, J Chierici, R Contardo, D Depasse, P El Mamouni, H Fay, J Gascon, S Gouzevitch, M Ille, B Kurca, T Lethuillier, M Mirabito, L Perries, S Sgandurra, L Sordini, V Tschudi, Y Verdier, P Viret, S Tsamalaidze, Z Autermann, C Beranek, S Calpas, B Edelhoff, M Feld, L Heracleous, N Hindrichs, O Jussen, R Klein, K Merz, J Ostapchuk, A Perieanu, A Raupach, F Sammet, J Schael, S Sprenger, D Weber, H Wittmer, B Zhukov, V Ata, M Caudron, J Dietz-Laursonn, E Duchardt, D Erdmann, M Fischer, R Guth, A Hebbeker, T Heidemann, C Hoepfner, K Klingebiel, D Kreuzer, P Merschmeyer, M Meyer, A Olschewski, M Papacz, P Pieta, H Reithler, H Schmitz, SA Sonnenschein, L Steggemann, J Teyssier, D Thuer, S Weber, M Bontenackels, M Cherepanov, V Erdogan, Y Flugge, G Geenen, H Geisler, M Ahmad, WH Hoehle, F Kargoll, B Kress, T Kuessel, Y Lingemann, J Nowack, A Perchalla, L Pooth, O Sauerland, P Stahl, A Martin, MA Behr, J Behrenhoff, W Behrens, U Bergholz, M Bethani, A Borras, K Burgmeier, A Cakir, A Calligaris, L Campbell, A Castro, E Costanza, F Dammann, D Pardos, CD Eckerlin, G Eckstein, D Flucke, G Geiser, A Glushkov, I Gunnellini, P Habib, S Hauk, J Hellwig, G Jung, H Kasemann, M Katsas, P Kleinwort, C Kluge, H Knutsson, A Kramer, M Krucker, D Kuznetsova, E Lange, W Leonard, J Lohmann, W Lutz, B Mankel, R Marfin, I Marienfeld, M Melzer-Pellmann, IA Meyer, AB Mnich, J Mussgiller, A Naumann-Emme, S Novgorodova, O Olzem, J Perrey, H Petrukhin, A Pitzl, D Raspereza, A Cipriano, PMR Riedl, C Ron, E Rosin, M Salfeld-Nebgen, J Schmidt, R Schoerner-Sadenius, T Sen, N Spiridonov, A Stein, M Walsh, R Wissing, C Blobel, V Enderle, H Erfle, J Gebbert, U Gorner, M Gosselink, M Haller, J Hermanns, T Hoing, RS Kaschube, K Kaussen, G Kirschenmann, H Klanner, R Lange, J Nowak, F Peiffer, T Pietsch, N Rathjens, D Sander, C Schettler, H Schleper, P Schlieckau, E Schmidt, A Schroder, M Schum, T Seidel, M Sibille, J Sola, V Stadie, H Steinbruck, G Thomsen, J Vanelderen, L Barth, C Berger, J Boser, C Chwalek, T De Boer, W Descroix, A Dierlamm, A Feindt, M Guthoff, M Hackstein, C Hartmann, F Hauth, T Heinrich, M Held, H Hoffmann, KH Husemann, U Katkov, I Komaragiri, JR Pardo, PL Martschei, D Mueller, S Muller, T Niegel, M Nurnberg, A Oberst, O Oehler, A Ott, J Quast, G Rabbertz, K Ratnikov, F Ratnikova, N Rocker, S Schilling, FP Schott, G Simonis, HJ Stober, FM Troendle, D Ulrich, R Wagner-Kuhr, J Wayand, S Weiler, T Zeise, M Anagnostou, G Daskalakis, G Geralis, T Kesisoglou, S Kyriakis, A Loukas, D Manolakos, I Markou, A Markou, C Ntomari, E Gouskos, L Mertzimekis, TJ Panagiotou, A Saoulidou, N Evangelou, I Foudas, C Kokkas, P Manthos, N Papadopoulos, I Patras, V Bencze, G Hajdu, C Hidas, P Horvath, D Sikler, F Veszpremi, V Vesztergombi, G Beni, N Czellar, S Molnar, J Palinkas, J Szillasi, Z Karancsi, J Raics, P Trocsanyi, ZL Ujvari, B Beri, SB Bhatnagar, V Dhingra, N Gupta, R Kaur, M Mehta, MZ Nishu, N Saini, LK Sharma, A Singh, JB Kumar, A Kumar, A Ahuja, S Bhardwaj, A Choudhary, BC Malhotra, S Naimuddin, M Ranjan, K Sharma, V Shivpuri, RK Banerjee, S Bhattacharya, S Dutta, S Gomber, B Jain, S Jain, S Khurana, R Sarkar, S Sharan, M Abdulsalam, A Dutta, D Kailas, S Kumar, V Mohanty, AK Pant, LM Shukla, P Aziz, T Ganguly, S Guchait, M Gurtu, A Maity, M 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Focardi, E Frosali, S Gallo, E Gonzi, S Meschini, M Paoletti, S Sguazzoni, G Tropiano, A Benussi, L Bianco, S Colafranceschi, S Fabbri, F Piccolo, D Fabbricatore, P Musenich, R Tosi, S Benaglia, A De Guio, F Di Matteo, L Fiorendi, S Gennai, S Ghezzi, A Malvezzi, S Manzoni, RA Martelli, A Massironi, A Menasce, D Moroni, L Paganoni, M Pedrini, D Ragazzi, S Redaelli, N Sala, S de Fatis, TT Buontempo, S Montoya, CAC Cavallo, N De Cosa, A Dogangun, O Fabozzi, F Iorio, AOM Lista, L Meola, S Merola, M Paolucci, P Azzi, P Bacchetta, N Bisello, D Branca, A Carlin, R Checchia, P Dorigo, T Dosselli, U Gasparini, F Gozzelino, A Kanishchev, K Lacaprara, S Lazzizzera, I Margoni, M Meneguzzo, AT Pazzini, J Pozzobon, N Ronchese, P Simonetto, F Torassa, E Tosi, M Vanini, S Zotto, P Zucchetta, A Zumerle, G Gabusi, M Ratti, SP Riccardi, C Torre, P Vitulo, P Biasini, M Bilei, GM Fano, L Lariccia, P Mantovani, G Menichelli, M Nappi, A Romeo, F Saha, A Santocchia, A Spiezia, A Taroni, S Azzurri, P Bagliesi, G Bernardini, J Boccali, T Broccolo, G Castaldi, R D'Agnolo, RT Dell'Orso, R Fiori, F Foa, L Giassi, A Kraan, A Ligabue, F Lomtadze, T Martini, L Messineo, A Palla, F Rizzi, A Serban, AT Spagnolo, P Squillacioti, P Tenchini, R Tonelli, G Venturi, A Verdini, PG Barone, L Cavallari, F Del Re, D Diemoz, M Fanelli, C Grassi, M Longo, E Meridiani, P Micheli, F Nourbakhsh, S Organtini, G Paramatti, R Rahatlou, S Sigamani, M Soffi, L Amapane, N Arcidiacono, R Argiro, S Arneodo, M Biino, C Cartiglia, N Casasso, S Costa, M Demaria, N Mariotti, C Maselli, S Migliore, E Monaco, V Musich, M Obertino, MM Pastrone, N Pelliccioni, M Potenza, A Romero, A Ruspa, M Sacchi, R Solano, A Staiano, A Belforte, S Candelise, V Casarsa, M Cossutti, F Della Ricca, G Gobbo, B Marone, M Montanino, D Penzo, A Schizzi, A Kim, TY Nam, SK Chang, S Kim, DH Kim, GN Kong, DJ Park, H Son, DC Son, T Kim, JY Kim, ZJ Song, S Choi, S Gyun, D Hong, B Jo, M Kim, H Kim, TJ Lee, KS Moon, DH Park, SK Roh, Y Choi, M Kim, JH Park, C 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CA CMS Collaboration TI Search for contact interactions using the inclusive jet p(T) spectrum in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID COMPOSITENESS SCALES; REFERENCE PRIORS; CROSS-SECTION; QUARK; LIMITS AB Results are reported of a search for a deviation in the jet production cross section from the prediction of perturbative quantum chromodynamics at next-to-leading order. The search is conducted using a 7 TeV proton-proton data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb(-1), collected with the Compact Muon Solenoid detector at the Large Hadron Collider. A deviation could arise from interactions characterized by a mass scale Lambda too high to be probed directly at the LHC. Such phenomena can be modeled as contact interactions. No evidence of a deviation is found. Using the CLs criterion, lower limits are set on Lambda of 9.9 TeV and 14.3 TeVat 95% confidence level for models with destructive and constructive interference, respectively. Limits obtained with a Bayesian method are also reported. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.052017 C1 [Chatrchyan, S.; Khachatryan, V.; Sirunyan, A. M.; Tumasyan, A.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Adam, W.; Aguilo, E.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M.; Eroe, J.; Fabjan, C.; Friedl, M.; Fruehwirth, R.; Ghete, V. M.; Hoermann, N.; Hrubec, J.; Jeitler, M.; Kiesenhofer, W.; Knuenz, V.; Krammer, M.; Kraetschmer, I.; Liko, D.; Mikulec, I.; Pernicka, M.; Rabady, D.; Rahbaran, B.; Rohringer, C.; Rohringer, H.; Schoefbeck, R.; Strauss, J.; Taurok, A.; Waltenberger, W.; Wulz, C. -E.] Inst Hochenergiephys OeAW, Vienna, Austria. [Mossolov, V.; Shumeiko, N.; Gonzalez, J. Suarez] Natl Ctr Particle & High Energy Phys, Minsk, Byelarus. [Bansal, M.; Bansal, S.; Cornelis, T.; De Wolf, E. 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J.; Lampen, T.; Lassila-Perini, K.; Lehti, S.; Linden, T.; Luukka, P.; Maenpaa, T.; Peltola, T.; Tuominen, E.; Tuominiemi, J.; Tuovinen, E.; Ungaro, D.; Wendland, L.] Helsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, Finland. [Banzuzi, K.; Karjalainen, A.; Korpela, A.; Tuuva, T.] Lappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, Finland. [Besancon, M.; Choudhury, S.; Dejardin, M.; Denegri, D.; Fabbro, B.; Faure, J. L.; Ferri, F.; Ganjour, S.; Givernaud, A.; Gras, P.; de Monchenault, G. Hamel; Jarry, P.; Locci, E.; Malcles, J.; Millischer, L.; Nayak, A.; Rander, J.; Rosowsky, A.; Titov, M.] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Plestina, R.; Baffioni, S.; Beaudette, F.; Benhabib, L.; Bianchini, L.; Bluj, M.; Busson, P.; Charlot, C.; Daci, N.; Dahms, T.; Dalchenko, M.; Dobrzynski, L.; Florent, A.; de Cassagnac, R. Granier; Haguenauer, M.; Mine, P.; Mironov, C.; Naranjo, I. 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[Tsamalaidze, Z.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys & Informatizat, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Autermann, C.; Beranek, S.; Calpas, B.; Edelhoff, M.; Feld, L.; Heracleous, N.; Hindrichs, O.; Jussen, R.; Klein, K.; Merz, J.; Ostapchuk, A.; Perieanu, A.; Raupach, F.; Sammet, J.; Schael, S.; Sprenger, D.; Weber, H.; Wittmer, B.; Zhukov, V.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys 1, Aachen, Germany. [Ata, M.; Caudron, J.; Dietz-Laursonn, E.; Duchardt, D.; Erdmann, M.; Fischer, R.; Gueth, A.; Hebbeker, T.; Heidemann, C.; Hoepfner, K.; Klingebiel, D.; Kreuzer, P.; Merschmeyer, M.; Meyer, A.; Olschewski, M.; Papacz, P.; Pieta, H.; Reithler, H.; Schmitz, S. A.; Sonnenschein, L.; Steggemann, J.; Teyssier, D.; Thueer, S.; Weber, M.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany. [Bontenackels, M.; Cherepanov, V.; Erdogan, Y.; Fluegge, G.; Geenen, H.; Geisler, M.; Ahmad, W. Haj; Hoehle, F.; Kargoll, B.; Kress, T.; Kuessel, Y.; Lingemann, J.; Nowack, A.; Perchalla, L.; Pooth, O.; Sauerland, P.; Stahl, A.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst B 3, Aachen, Germany. [Martin, M. Aldaya; Behr, J.; Behrenhoff, W.; Behrens, U.; Bergholz, M.; Bethani, A.; Borras, K.; Burgmeier, A.; Cakir, A.; Calligaris, L.; Campbell, A.; Castro, E.; Costanza, F.; Dammann, D.; Pardos, C. Diez; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Flucke, G.; Geiser, A.; Glushkov, I.; Gunnellini, P.; Habib, S.; Hauk, J.; Hellwig, G.; Jung, H.; Kasemann, M.; Katsas, P.; Kleinwort, C.; Kluge, H.; Knutsson, A.; Kraemer, M.; Kruecker, D.; Kuznetsova, E.; Lange, W.; Leonard, J.; Lohmann, W.; Lutz, B.; Mankel, R.; Marfin, I.; Marienfeld, M.; Melzer-Pellmann, I. -A.; Meyer, A. B.; Mnich, J.; Mussgiller, A.; Naumann-Emme, S.; Novgorodova, O.; Olzem, J.; Perrey, H.; Petrukhin, A.; Pitzl, D.; Raspereza, A.; Cipriano, P. M. 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Lobelle; Martschei, D.; Mueller, S.; Mueller, Th.; Niegel, M.; Nuernberg, A.; Oberst, O.; Oehler, A.; Ott, J.; Quast, G.; Rabbertz, K.; Ratnikov, F.; Ratnikova, N.; Roecker, S.; Schilling, F. -P.; Schott, G.; Simonis, H. J.; Stober, F. M.; Troendle, D.; Ulrich, R.; Wagner-Kuhr, J.; Wayand, S.; Weiler, T.; Zeise, M.] Univ Karlsruhe, Inst Expt Kernphys, Karlsruhe, Germany. [Anagnostou, G.; Daskalakis, G.; Geralis, T.; Kesisoglou, S.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Manolakos, I.; Markou, A.; Markou, C.; Ntomari, E.] Inst Nucl Phys Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece. [Gouskos, L.; Mertzimekis, T. J.; Panagiotou, A.; Saoulidou, N.; Sphicas, P.] Univ Athens, Athens, Greece. [Evangelou, I.; Foudas, C.; Kokkas, P.; Manthos, N.; Papadopoulos, I.; Patras, V.] Univ Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Bencze, G.; Hajdu, C.; Hidas, P.; Horvath, D.; Sikler, F.; Veszpremi, V.; Vesztergombi, G.; Krajczar, K.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary. [Horvath, D.; Beni, N.; Czellar, S.; Molnar, J.; Palinkas, J.; Szillasi, Z.] Inst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary. [Karancsi, J.; Raics, P.; Trocsanyi, Z. L.; Ujvari, B.] Univ Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary. [Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dhingra, N.; Gupta, R.; Kaur, M.; Mehta, M. Z.; Nishu, N.; Saini, L. K.; Sharma, A.; Singh, J. B.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India. [Kumar, Ashok; Kumar, Arun; Ahuja, S.; Bhardwaj, A.; Choudhary, B. C.; Malhotra, S.; Naimuddin, M.; Ranjan, K.; Sharma, V.; Shivpuri, R. K.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. [Banerjee, S.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dutta, S.; Gomber, B.; Jain, Sa.; Jain, Sh.; Khurana, R.; Sarkar, S.; Sharan, M.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, India. [Abdulsalam, A.; Dutta, D.; Kailas, S.; Kumar, V.; Mohanty, A. K.; Pant, L. M.; Shukla, P.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India. [Aziz, T.; Ganguly, S.; Guchait, M.; Gurtu, A.; Maity, M.; Majumder, G.; Mazumdar, K.; Mohanty, G. B.; Parida, B.; Sudhakar, K.; Wickramage, N.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res EHEP, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Guchait, M.; Banerjee, S.; Dugad, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res HECR, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Arfaei, H.; Bakhshiansohi, H.; Etesami, S. M.; Fahim, A.; Hashemi, M.; Hesari, H.; Jafari, A.; Khakzad, M.; Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi; Mehdiabadi, S. Paktinat; Safarzadeh, B.; Zeinali, M.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, Iran. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; De Palma, M.; Fiore, L.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Marangelli, B.; My, S.; Nuzzo, S.; Pacifico, N.; Pompili, A.; Pugliese, G.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Singh, G.; Venditti, R.; Verwilligen, P.; Zito, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Abbrescia, M.; Barbone, L.; Calabria, C.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Palma, M.; Marangelli, B.; Nuzzo, S.; Pompili, A.; Selvaggi, G.; Singh, G.; Venditti, R.] Univ Bari, Bari, Italy. [Creanza, D.; De Filippis, N.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; My, S.; Pugliese, G.] Politecn Bari, Bari, Italy. [Abbiendi, G.; Benvenuti, A. C.; Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cavallo, F. R.; Cuffiani, M.; Dallavalle, G. M.; Fabbri, F.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Giacomelli, P.; Grandi, C.; Guiducci, L.; Marcellini, S.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Montanari, A.; Navarria, F. L.; Odorici, F.; Perrotta, A.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G. P.; Tosi, N.; Travaglini, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Bonacorsi, D.; Braibant-Giacomelli, S.; Brigliadori, L.; Capiluppi, P.; Castro, A.; Cuffiani, M.; Fanfani, A.; Fasanella, D.; Guiducci, L.; Masetti, G.; Meneghelli, M.; Navarria, F. L.; Primavera, F.; Rossi, A. M.; Rovelli, T.; Siroli, G. P.; Travaglini, R.] Univ Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy. [Albergo, S.; Cappello, G.; Chiorboli, M.; Costa, S.; Potenza, R.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.] Univ Catania, Catania, Italy. [Barbagli, G.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gallo, E.; Gonzi, S.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Sguazzoni, G.; Tropiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ciulli, V.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Frosali, S.; Gonzi, S.; Tropiano, A.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Benussi, L.; Bianco, S.; Colafranceschi, S.; Fabbri, F.; Piccolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy. [Fabbricatore, P.; Musenich, R.; Tosi, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Tosi, S.] Univ Genoa, Genoa, Italy. [Benaglia, A.; De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Gennai, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Malvezzi, S.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Paganoni, M.; Pedrini, D.; Ragazzi, S.; Redaelli, N.; Sala, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [De Guio, F.; Di Matteo, L.; Fiorendi, S.; Ghezzi, A.; Manzoni, R. A.; Martelli, A.; Massironi, A.; Paganoni, M.; Ragazzi, S.; de Fatis, T. Tabarelli] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy. [Buontempo, S.; Montoya, C. A. Carrillo; Cavallo, N.; De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Fabozzi, F.; Iorio, A. O. M.; Lista, L.; Meola, S.; Merola, M.; Paolucci, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy. [De Cosa, A.; Dogangun, O.; Iorio, A. O. M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Cavallo, N.; Fabozzi, F.] Univ Basilicata Potenza, Naples, Italy. [Meola, S.] Univ G Marconi Roma, Naples, Italy. [Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Checchia, P.; Dorigo, T.; Dosselli, U.; Gasparini, F.; Gozzelino, A.; Kanishchev, K.; Lacaprara, S.; Lazzizzera, I.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pazzini, J.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Torassa, E.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zucchetta, A.; Zumerle, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, Italy. [Bisello, D.; Branca, A.; Carlin, R.; Gasparini, F.; Margoni, M.; Meneguzzo, A. T.; Pazzini, J.; Pozzobon, N.; Ronchese, P.; Simonetto, F.; Tosi, M.; Vanini, S.; Zotto, P.; Zucchetta, A.; Zumerle, G.] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Kanishchev, K.; Lazzizzera, I.] Univ Trento Trento, Padua, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Gabusi, M.; Ratti, S. P.; Riccardi, C.; Torre, P.; Vitulo, P.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Bilei, G. M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Mantovani, G.; Menichelli, M.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Saha, A.; Santocchia, A.; Spiezia, A.; Taroni, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Biasini, M.; Fano, L.; Lariccia, P.; Mantovani, G.; Nappi, A.; Romeo, F.; Santocchia, A.; Spiezia, A.; Taroni, S.] Univ Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Bernardini, J.; Boccali, T.; Broccolo, G.; Castaldi, R.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Dell'Orso, R.; Fiori, F.; Foa, L.; Giassi, A.; Kraan, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lomtadze, T.; Martini, L.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Rizzi, A.; Serban, A. T.; Spagnolo, P.; Squillacioti, P.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Fiori, F.; Messineo, A.; Rizzi, A.; Tonelli, G.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Azzurri, P.; Broccolo, G.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Foa, L.; Ligabue, F.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Barone, L.; Cavallari, F.; Del Re, D.; Diemoz, M.; Fanelli, C.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Meridiani, P.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Paramatti, R.; Rahatlou, S.; Sigamani, M.; Soffi, L.; Rovelli, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy. [Barone, L.; Del Re, D.; Fanelli, C.; Grassi, M.; Longo, E.; Micheli, F.; Nourbakhsh, S.; Organtini, G.; Rahatlou, S.; Soffi, L.] Univ Rome, Rome, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Arcidiacono, R.; Argiro, S.; Arneodo, M.; Biino, C.; Cartiglia, N.; Casasso, S.; Costa, M.; Demaria, N.; Mariotti, C.; Maselli, S.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Musich, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Pastrone, N.; Pelliccioni, M.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Ruspa, M.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.; Staiano, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Amapane, N.; Argiro, S.; Casasso, S.; Costa, M.; Migliore, E.; Monaco, V.; Potenza, A.; Romero, A.; Sacchi, R.; Solano, A.] Univ Turin, Turin, Italy. [Arcidiacono, R.; Arneodo, M.; Obertino, M. M.; Ruspa, M.] Univ Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, Italy. [Belforte, S.; Candelise, V.; Casarsa, M.; Cossutti, F.; Della Ricca, G.; Gobbo, B.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Penzo, A.; Schizzi, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Candelise, V.; Della Ricca, G.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Schizzi, A.] Univ Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Kim, T. Y.; Nam, S. K.] Kangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South Korea. [Chang, S.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, G. N.; Kong, D. J.; Park, H.; Son, D. C.; Son, T.; Kamon, T.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Kim, J. Y.; Kim, Zero J.; Song, S.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Inst Universe & Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South Korea. [Choi, S.; Gyun, D.; Hong, B.; Jo, M.; Kim, H.; Kim, T. J.; Lee, K. S.; Moon, D. H.; Park, S. K.; Roh, Y.] Korea Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, M.; Kim, J. H.; Park, C.; Park, I. C.; Park, S.; Ryu, G.] Univ Seoul, Seoul, South Korea. [Choi, Y.; Choi, Y. K.; Goh, J.; Kim, M. S.; Kwon, E.; Lee, B.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Seo, H.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea. [Bilinskas, M. J.; Grigelionis, I.; Janulis, M.; Juodagalvis, A.] Vilnius State Univ, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Heredia-de La Cruz, I.; Lopez-Fernandez, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Villasenor-Cendejas, L. M.] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados IPN, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Carrillo Moreno, S.; Vazquez Valencia, F.] Univ Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Salazar Ibarguen, H. A.] Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, Mexico. [Casimiro Linares, E.; Morelos Pineda, A.; Reyes-Santos, M. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Krofcheck, D.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Bell, A. J.; Butler, P. H.; Doesburg, R.; Reucroft, S.; Silverwood, H.] Univ Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Ahmad, M.; Asghar, M. I.; Butt, J.; Hoorani, H. R.; Khalid, S.; Khan, W. A.; Khurshid, T.; Qazi, S.; Shah, M. A.; Shoaib, M.] Quaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Bluj, M.; Bialkowska, H.; Boimska, B.; Frueboes, T.; Gorski, M.; Kazana, M.; Nawrocki, K.; Romanowska-Rybinska, K.; Szleper, M.; Wrochna, G.; Zalewski, P.] Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Otwock, Poland. [Brona, G.; Bunkowski, K.; Cwiok, M.; Dominik, W.; Doroba, K.; Kalinowski, A.; Konecki, M.; Krolikowski, J.; Misiura, M.] Univ Warsaw, Inst Expt Phys, Fac Phys, Warsaw, Poland. [Almeida, N.; Bargassa, P.; David, A.; Faccioli, P.; Ferreira Parracho, P. G.; Gallinaro, M.; Seixas, J.; Varela, J.; Vischia, P.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal. [Tsamalaidze, Z.; Bunin, P.; Golutvin, I.; Kamenev, A.; Karjavin, V.; Konoplyanikov, V.; Kozlov, G.; Lanev, A.; Malakhov, A.; Moisenz, P.; Palichik, V.; Perelygin, V.; Savina, M.; Shmatov, S.; Shulha, S.; Smirnov, V.; Volodko, A.; Zarubin, A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, Russia. [Evstyukhin, S.; Golovtsov, V.; Ivanov, Y.; Kim, V.; Levchenko, P.; Murzin, V.; Oreshkin, V.; Smirnov, I.; Sulimov, V.; Uvarov, L.; Vavilov, S.; Vorobyev, A.; Vorobyev, An.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Andreev, Yu.; Dermenev, A.; Gninenko, S.; Golubev, N.; Kirsanov, M.; Krasnikov, N.; Matveev, V.; Pashenkov, A.; Tlisov, D.; Toropin, A.; Musienko, Y.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, Russia. [Epshteyn, V.; Erofeeva, M.; Gavrilov, V.; Kossov, M.; Lychkovskaya, N.; Popov, V.; Safronov, G.; Semenov, S.; Shreyber, I.; Stolin, V.; Vlasov, E.; Zhokin, A.; Starodumov, A.; Nikitenko, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia. [Andreev, V.; Azarkin, M.; Dremin, I.; Kirakosyan, M.; Leonidov, A.; Mesyats, G.; Rusakov, S. V.; Vinogradov, A.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, Russia. [Zhukov, V.; Katkov, I.; Belyaev, A.; Boos, E.; Bunichev, V.; Dubinin, M.; Dudko, L.; Ershov, A.; Gribushin, A.; Klyukhin, V.; Kodolova, O.; Lokhtin, I.; Markina, A.; Obraztsov, S.; Perfilov, M.; Petrushanko, S.; Popov, A.; Sarycheva, L.; Savrin, V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, Russia. [Azhgirey, I.; Bayshev, I.; Bitioukov, S.; Grishin, V.; Kachanov, V.; Konstantinov, D.; Krychkine, V.; Petrov, V.; Ryutin, R.; Sobol, A.; Tourtchanovitch, L.; Troshin, S.; Tyurin, N.; Uzunian, A.; Volkov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, Russia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade, Serbia. [Adzic, P.; Djordjevic, M.; Ekmedzic, M.; Krpic, D.; Milosevic, J.; Milenovic, P.] Univ Belgrade, Vinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, Serbia. [Aguilar-Benitez, M.; Alcaraz Maestre, J.; Arce, P.; Battilana, C.; Calvo, E.; Cerrada, M.; Chamizo Llatas, M.; Colino, N.; De La Cruz, B.; Delgado Peris, A.; Dominguez Vazquez, D.; Fernandez Bedoya, C.; Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Ferrando, A.; Flix, J.; Fouz, M. C.; Garcia-Abia, P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Goy Lopez, S.; Hernandez, J. M.; Josa, M. I.; Merino, G.; Puerta Pelayo, J.; Quintario Olmeda, A.; Redondo, I.; Romero, L.; Santaolalla, J.; Soares, M. S.; Willmott, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain. [Albajar, C.; Codispoti, G.; de Troconiz, J. F.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Brun, H.; Cuevas, J.; Fernandez Menendez, J.; Folgueras, S.; Gonzalez Caballero, I.; Lloret Iglesias, L.; Piedra Gomez, J.] Univ Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. [Brochero Cifuentes, J. A.; Cabrillo, I. J.; Calderon, A.; Chuang, S. H.; Duarte Campderros, J.; Felcini, M.; Fernandez, M.; Gomez, G.; Gonzalez Sanchez, J.; Graziano, A.; Jorda, C.; Lopez Virto, A.; Marco, J.; Marco, R.; Martinez Rivero, C.; Matorras, F.; Munoz Sanchez, F. J.; Rodrigo, T.; Rodriguez-Marrero, A. Y.; Ruiz-Jimeno, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Vila, I.; Vilar Cortabitarte, R.] CSIC Univ Cantabria, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, Santander, Spain. [Rabady, D.; Genchev, V.; Iaydjiev, P.; Puljak, I.; Chierici, R.; Lingemann, J.; Guthoff, M.; Hartmann, F.; Hauth, T.; Mohanty, A. K.; Calabria, C.; De Filippis, N.; Meneghelli, M.; Di Matteo, L.; Gennai, S.; De Cosa, A.; Paolucci, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Branca, A.; D'Agnolo, R. T.; Fiori, F.; Squillacioti, P.; Grassi, M.; Meridiani, P.; Mariotti, C.; Musich, M.; Marone, M.; Montanino, D.; Grishin, V.; Abbaneo, D.; Auffray, E.; Auzinger, G.; Bachtis, M.; Baillon, P.; Ball, A. H.; Barney, D.; Benitez, J. F.; Bernet, C.; Bianchi, G.; Bloch, P.; Bocci, A.; Bonato, A.; Botta, C.; Breuker, H.; Camporesi, T.; Cerminara, G.; Christiansen, T.; Perez, J. A. Coarasa; D'Enterria, D.; Dabrowski, A.; De Roeck, A.; Di Guida, S.; Dobson, M.; Dupont-Sagorin, N.; Elliott-Peisert, A.; Frisch, B.; Funk, W.; Georgiou, G.; Giffels, M.; Gigi, D.; Gill, K.; Giordano, D.; Girone, M.; Giunta, M.; Glege, F.; Garrido, R. Gomez-Reino; Govoni, P.; Gowdy, S.; Guida, R.; Gundacker, S.; Hammer, J.; Hansen, M.; Harris, P.; Hartl, C.; Harvey, J.; Hegner, B.; Hinzmann, A.; Innocente, V.; Janot, P.; Kaadze, K.; Karavakis, E.; Kousouris, K.; Lecoq, P.; Lee, Y. -J.; Lenzi, P.; Lourenco, C.; Magini, N.; Maeki, T.; Malberti, M.; Malgeri, L.; Mannelli, M.; Masetti, L.; Meijers, F.; Mersi, S.; Meschi, E.; Moser, R.; Mozer, M. U.; Mulders, M.; Musella, P.; Nesvold, E.; Orsini, L.; Cortezon, E. Palencia; Perez, E.; Perrozzi, L.; Petrilli, A.; Pfeiffer, A.; Pierini, M.; Pimiae, M.; Piparo, D.; Polese, G.; Quertenmont, L.; Racz, A.; Reece, W.; Antunes, J. Rodrigues; Rolandi, G.; Rovelli, C.; Rovere, M.; Sakulin, H.; Santanastasio, F.; Schaefer, C.; Schwick, C.; Segoni, I.; Sekmen, S.; Sharma, A.; Siegrist, P.; Silva, P.; Simon, M.; Sphicas, P.; Spiga, D.; Tsirou, A.; Veres, G. I.; Vlimant, J. R.; Woehri, H. K.; Worm, S. D.; Zeuner, W. D.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Bertl, W.; Deiters, K.; Erdmann, W.; Gabathuler, K.; Horisberger, R.; Ingram, Q.; Kaestli, H. C.; Koenig, S.; Kotlinski, D.; Langenegger, U.; Meier, F.; Renker, D.; Rohe, T.; Naegeli, C.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Baeni, L.; Bortignon, P.; Buchmann, M. A.; Casal, B.; Chanon, N.; Deisher, A.; Dissertori, G.; Dittmar, M.; Donega, M.; Duenser, M.; Eller, P.; Eugster, J.; Freudenreich, K.; Grab, C.; Hits, D.; Lecomte, P.; Lustermann, W.; Marini, A. C.; del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz; Mohr, N.; Moortgat, F.; Naegeli, C.; Nef, P.; Nessi-Tedaldi, F.; Pandolfi, F.; Pape, L.; Pauss, F.; Peruzzi, M.; Ronga, F. J.; Rossini, M.; Sala, L.; Sanchez, A. K.; Starodumov, A.; Stieger, B.; Takahashi, M.; Tauscher, L.; Thea, A.; Theofilatos, K.; Treille, D.; Urscheler, C.; Wallny, R.; Weber, H. A.; Wehrli, L.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland. [Amsler, C.; Chiochia, V.; De Visscher, S.; Favaro, C.; Rikova, M. Ivova; Kilminster, B.; Mejias, B. Millan; Otiougova, P.; Robmann, P.; Snoek, H.; Tupputi, S.; Verzetti, M.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Chang, Y. H.; Chen, K. H.; Ferro, C.; Kuo, C. M.; Li, S. W.; Lin, W.; Lu, Y. J.; Singh, A. P.; Volpe, R.; Yu, S. S.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Bartalini, P.; Chang, P.; Chang, Y. H.; Chang, Y. W.; Chao, Y.; Chen, K. F.; Dietz, C.; Grundler, U.; Hou, W. -S.; Hsiung, Y.; Kao, K. Y.; Lei, Y. J.; Lu, R. -S.; Majumder, D.; Petrakou, E.; Shi, X.; Shiu, J. G.; Tzeng, Y. M.; Wan, X.; Wang, M.] NYU, Taipei, Taiwan. [Asavapibhop, B.; Srimanobhas, N.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Bangkok, Thailand. [Adiguzel, A.; Bakirci, M. N.; Cerci, S.; Dozen, C.; Dumanoglu, I.; Eskut, E.; Girgis, S.; Gokbulut, G.; Gurpinar, E.; Hos, I.; Kangal, E. E.; Karaman, T.; Karapinar, G.; Topaksu, A. Kayis; Onengut, G.; Ozdemir, K.; Ozturk, S.; Polatoz, A.; Sogut, K.; Cerci, D. Sunar; Tali, B.; Topakli, H.; Vergili, L. N.; Vergili, M.] Cukurova Univ, Adana, Turkey. [Akin, I. V.; Aliev, T.; Bilin, B.; Bilmis, S.; Deniz, M.; Gamsizkan, H.; Guler, A. M.; Ocalan, K.; Ozpineci, A.; Serin, M.; Sever, R.; Surat, U. E.; Yalvac, M.; Yildirim, E.; Zeyrek, M.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Gulmez, E.; Isildak, B.; Kaya, M.; Kaya, O.; Ozkorucuklu, S.; Sonmez, N.] Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey. [Cankocak, K.] Istanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey. [Levchuk, L.] Kharkov Phys & Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Brooke, J. J.; Clement, E.; Cussans, D.; Flacher, H.; Frazier, R.; Goldstein, J.; Grimes, M.; Heath, G. P.; Heath, H. F.; Kreczko, L.; Metson, S.; Newbold, D. M.; Nirunpong, K.; Poll, A.; Senkin, S.; Smith, V. J.; Williams, T.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Worm, S. D.; Newbold, D. M.; Basso, L.; Bell, K. W.; Belyaev, A.; Brew, C.; Brown, R. M.; Cockerill, D. J. A.; Coughlan, J. A.; Harder, K.; Harper, S.; Jackson, J.; Kennedy, B. W.; Olaiya, E.; Petyt, D.; Radburn-Smith, B. C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. H.; Tomalin, I. R.; Womersley, W. J.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Bainbridge, R.; Ball, G.; Beuselinck, R.; Buchmuller, O.; Colling, D.; Cripps, N.; Cutajar, M.; Dauncey, P.; Davies, G.; Della Negra, M.; Ferguson, W.; Fulcher, J.; Futyan, D.; Gilbert, A.; Bryer, A. Guneratne; Hall, G.; Hatherell, Z.; Hays, J.; Iles, G.; Jarvis, M.; Karapostoli, G.; Lyons, L.; Magnan, A. -M.; Marrouche, J.; Mathias, B.; Nandi, R.; Nash, J.; Nikitenko, A.; Pela, J.; Pesaresi, M.; Petridis, K.; Pioppi, M.; Raymond, D. M.; Rogerson, S.; Rose, A.; Ryan, M. J.; Seez, C.; Sharp, P.; Sparrow, A.; Stoye, M.; Tapper, A.; Acosta, M. Vazquez; Virdee, T.; Wakefield, S.; Wardle, N.; Whyntie, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Chadwick, M.; Cole, J. E.; Hobson, P. R.; Khan, A.; Kyberd, P.; Leggat, D.; Leslie, D.; Martin, W.; Reid, I. D.; Symonds, P.; Teodorescu, L.; Turner, M.] Brunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Hatakeyama, K.; Liu, H.; Scarborough, T.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Charaf, O.; Henderson, C.; Rumerio, P.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Avetisyan, A.; Bose, T.; Fantasia, C.; Heister, A.; Lawson, P.; Lazic, D.; Rohlf, J.; Sperka, D.; St John, J.; Sulak, L.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Alimena, J.; Bhattacharya, S.; Christopher, G.; Cutts, D.; Demiragli, Z.; Ferapontov, A.; Garabedian, A.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Kukartsev, G.; Laird, E.; Landsberg, G.; Luk, M.; Narain, M.; Nguyen, D.; Segala, M.; Sinthuprasith, T.; Speer, T.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Breedon, R.; Breto, G.; Sanchez, M. Calderon De La Barca; Chauhan, S.; Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Conway, R.; Cox, P. T.; Dolen, J.; Erbacher, R.; Gardner, M.; Houtz, R.; Ko, W.; Kopecky, A.; Lander, R.; Mall, O.; Miceli, T.; Pellett, D.; Ricci-Tam, F.; Rutherford, B.; Searle, M.; Smith, J.; Squires, M.; Tripathi, M.; Sierra, R. Vasquez; Yohay, R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Felcini, M.; Andreev, V.; Cline, D.; Cousins, R.; Duris, J.; Erhan, S.; Everaerts, P.; Farrell, C.; Hauser, J.; Ignatenko, M.; Jarvis, C.; Rakness, G.; Schlein, P.; Traczyk, P.; Valuev, V.; Weber, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Babb, J.; Clare, R.; Dinardo, M. E.; Ellison, J.; Gary, J. W.; Giordano, F.; Hanson, G.; Liu, H.; Long, O. R.; Luthra, A.; Nguyen, H.; Paramesvaran, S.; Sturdy, J.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Wilken, R.; Wimpenny, S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Andrews, W.; Branson, J. G.; Cerati, G. B.; Cittolin, S.; Evans, D.; Holzner, A.; Kelley, R.; Lebourgeois, M.; Letts, J.; Macneill, I.; Mangano, B.; Padhi, S.; Palmer, C.; Petrucciani, G.; Pieri, M.; Sani, M.; Sharma, V.; Simon, S.; Sudano, E.; Tadel, M.; Tu, Y.; Vartak, A.; Wasserbaech, S.; Wuerthwein, F.; Yagil, A.; Yoo, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Barge, D.; Bellan, R.; Campagnari, C.; D'Alfonso, M.; Danielson, T.; Flowers, K.; Geffert, P.; Golf, F.; Incandela, J.; Justus, C.; Kalavase, P.; Kovalskyi, D.; Krutelyov, V.; Lowette, S.; Villalba, R. Magana; Mccoll, N.; Pavlunin, V.; Ribnik, J.; Richman, J.; Rossin, R.; Stuart, D.; To, W.; West, C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Dias, F. A.; Dubinin, M.; Apresyan, A.; Bornheim, A.; Chen, Y.; Di Marco, E.; Duarte, J.; Gataullin, M.; Ma, Y.; Mott, A.; Newman, H. B.; Rogan, C.; Spiropulu, M.; Timciuc, V.; Veverka, J.; Wilkinson, R.; Xie, S.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, R. Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Azzolini, V.; Calamba, A.; Carroll, R.; Ferguson, T.; Iiyama, Y.; Jang, D. W.; Liu, Y. F.; Paulini, M.; Vogel, H.; Vorobiev, I.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Cumalat, J. P.; Drell, B. R.; Ford, W. T.; Gaz, A.; Lopez, E. Luiggi; Smith, J. G.; Stenson, K.; Ulmer, K. A.; Wagner, S. R.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Alexander, J.; Chatterjee, A.; Eggert, N.; Gibbons, L. K.; Heltsley, B.; Hopkins, W.; Khukhunaishvili, A.; Kreis, B.; Mirman, N.; Kaufman, G. Nicolas; Patterson, J. R.; Ryd, A.; Salvati, E.; Sun, W.; Teo, W. D.; Thom, J.; Thompson, J.; Tucker, J.; Vaughan, J.; Weng, Y.; Winstrom, L.; Wittich, P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Winn, D.] Fairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Abdullin, S.; Albrow, M.; Anderson, J.; Bauerdick, L. A. T.; Beretvas, A.; Berryhill, J.; Bhat, P. C.; Burkett, K.; Butler, J. N.; Chetluru, V.; Cheung, H. W. K.; Chlebana, F.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, I.; Freeman, J.; Gao, Y.; Green, D.; Gutsche, O.; Hanlon, J.; Harris, R. M.; Hirschauer, J.; Hooberman, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Joshi, U.; Klima, B.; Kunori, S.; Kwan, S.; Leonidopoulos, C.; Linacre, J.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Lykken, J.; Maeshima, K.; Marraffino, J. M.; Maruyama, S.; Mason, D.; McBride, P.; Mishra, K.; Mrenna, S.; Musienko, Y.; Newman-Holmes, C.; O'Dell, V.; Prokofyev, O.; Sexton-Kennedy, E.; Sharma, S.; Spalding, W. J.; Spiegel, L.; Taylor, L.; Tkaczyk, S.; Tran, N. V.; Uplegger, L.; Vaandering, E. W.; Vidal, R.; Whitmore, J.; Wu, W.; Yang, F.; Yun, J. C.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Acosta, D.; Avery, P.; Bourilkov, D.; Chen, M.; Cheng, T.; Das, S.; De Gruttola, M.; Di Giovanni, G. P.; Dobur, D.; Drozdetskiy, A.; Field, R. D.; Fisher, M.; Fu, Y.; Furic, I. K.; Gartner, J.; Hugon, J.; Kim, B.; Konigsberg, J.; Korytov, A.; Kropivnitskaya, A.; Kypreos, T.; Low, J. F.; Matchev, K.; Milenovic, P.; Mitselmakher, G.; Muniz, L.; Park, M.; Remington, R.; Rinkevicius, A.; Sellers, P.; Skhirtladze, N.; Snowball, M.; Yelton, J.; Zakaria, M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gaultney, V.; Hewamanage, S.; Lebolo, L. M.; Linn, S.; Markowitz, P.; Martinez, G.; Rodriguez, J. L.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Bochenek, J.; Chen, J.; Diamond, B.; Gleyzer, S. V.; Haas, J.; Hagopian, S.; Hagopian, V.; Jenkins, M.; Johnson, K. F.; Prosper, H.; Veeraraghavan, V.; Weinberg, M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Baarmand, M. M.; Dorney, B.; Hohlmann, M.; Kalakhety, H.; Vodopiyanov, I.; Yumiceva, F.] Florida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Adams, M. R.; Anghel, M.; Apanasevich, L.; Bai, Y.; Bazterra, V. E.; Betts, R. R.; Bucinskaite, I.; Callner, J.; Cavanaugh, R.; Evdokimov, O.; Gauthier, L.; Gerber, C. E.; Hofman, D. J.; Khalatyan, S.; Lacroix, F.; O'Brien, C.; Silkworth, C.; Strom, D.; Turner, P.; Varelas, N.] UIC, Chicago, IL USA. [Ozturk, S.; Akgun, U.; Albayrak, E. A.; Bilki, B.; Clarida, W.; Duru, F.; Griffiths, S.; Merlo, J. -P.; Mermerkaya, H.; Mestvirishvili, A.; Moeller, A.; Nachtman, J.; Newsom, C. R.; Norbeck, E.; Onel, Y.; Ozok, F.; Sen, S.; Tan, P.; Tiras, E.; Wetzel, J.; Yetkin, T.; Yi, K.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Bolognesi, S.; Fehling, D.; Giurgiu, G.; Gritsan, A. V.; Guo, Z. J.; Hu, G.; Maksimovic, P.; Swartz, M.; Whitbeck, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Sibille, J.; Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Benelli, G.; Iii, R. P. Kenny; Murray, M.; Noonan, D.; Sanders, S.; Stringer, R.; Tinti, G.; Wood, J. S.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Barfuss, A. F.; Bolton, T.; Chakaberia, I.; Ivanov, A.; Khalil, S.; Makouski, M.; Maravin, Y.; Shrestha, S.; Svintradze, I.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gronberg, J.; Lange, D.; Rebassoo, F.; Wright, D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Baden, A.; Calvert, B.; Eno, S. C.; Gomez, J. A.; Hadley, N. J.; Kellogg, R. G.; Kirn, M.; Kolberg, T.; Lu, Y.; Marionneau, M.; Mignerey, A. C.; Pedro, K.; Skuja, A.; Temple, J.; Tonjes, M. B.; Tonwar, S. C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Apyan, A.; Bauer, G.; Bendavid, J.; Busza, W.; Butz, E.; Cali, I. A.; Chan, M.; Dutta, V.; Ceballos, G. Gomez; Goncharov, M.; Kim, Y.; Klute, M.; Krajczar, K.; Levin, A.; Luckey, P. D.; Ma, T.; Nahn, S.; Paus, C.; Ralph, D.; Roland, C.; Roland, G.; Rudolph, M.; Stephans, G. S. F.; Stoeckli, F.; Sumorok, K.; Sung, K.; Velicanu, D.; Wenger, E. A.; Wolf, R.; Wyslouch, B.; Yang, M.; Yilmaz, Y.; Yoon, A. S.; Zanetti, M.; Zhukova, V.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Cooper, S. I.; Dahmes, B.; De Benedetti, A.; Franzoni, G.; Gude, A.; Kao, S. C.; Klapoetke, K.; Kubota, Y.; Mans, J.; Pastika, N.; Rusack, R.; Sasseville, M.; Singovsky, A.; Tambe, N.; Turkewitz, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cremaldi, L. M.; Kroeger, R.; Perera, L.; Rahmat, R.; Sanders, D. A.] Univ Mississippi, Oxford, MS USA. [Avdeeva, E.; Bloom, K.; Bose, S.; Claes, D. R.; Dominguez, A.; Eads, M.; Keller, J.; Kravchenko, I.; Lazo-Flores, J.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. [Godshalk, A.; Iashvili, I.; Jain, S.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Rappoccio, S.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Alverson, G.; Barberis, E.; Baumgartel, D.; Chasco, M.; Haley, J.; Nash, D.; Orimoto, T.; Trocino, D.; Wood, D.; Zhang, J.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Anastassov, A.; Hahn, K. A.; Kubik, A.; Lusito, L.; Mucia, N.; Odell, N.; Ofierzynski, R. A.; Pollack, B.; Pozdnyakov, A.; Schmitt, M.; Stoynev, S.; Velasco, M.; Won, S.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USA. [Antonelli, L.; Berry, D.; Brinkerhoff, A.; Chan, K. M.; Hildreth, M.; Jessop, C.; Karmgard, D. J.; Kolb, J.; Lannon, K.; Luo, W.; Lynch, S.; Marinelli, N.; Morse, D. M.; Pearson, T.; Planer, M.; Ruchti, R.; Slaunwhite, J.; Valls, N.; Wayne, M.; Wolf, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bylsma, B.; Durkin, L. S.; Hill, C.; Hughes, R.; Kotov, K.; Ling, T. Y.; Puigh, D.; Rodenburg, M.; Vuosalo, C.; Williams, G.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Berry, E.; Elmer, P.; Halyo, V.; Hebda, P.; Hegeman, J.; Hunt, A.; Jindal, P.; Koay, S. A.; Pegna, D. Lopes; Lujan, P.; Marlow, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Mooney, M.; Olsen, J.; Piroue, P.; Quan, X.; Raval, A.; Saka, H.; Stickland, D.; Tully, C.; Werner, J. S.; Zuranski, A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Brownson, E.; Lopez, A.; Mendez, H.; Vargas, J. E. Ramirez] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Alagoz, E.; Barnes, V. E.; Benedetti, D.; Bolla, G.; Bortoletto, D.; De Mattia, M.; Everett, A.; Hu, Z.; Jones, M.; Koybasi, O.; Kress, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Leonardo, N.; Maroussov, V.; Merkel, P.; Miller, D. H.; Neumeister, N.; Shipsey, I.; Silvers, D.; Svyatkovskiy, A.; Marono, M. Vidal; Yoo, H. D.; Zablocki, J.; Zheng, Y.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Guragain, S.; Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. [Adair, A.; Akgun, B.; Boulahouache, C.; Ecklund, K. M.; Geurts, F. J. M.; Li, W.; Padley, B. P.; Redjimi, R.; Roberts, J.; Zabel, J.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Betchart, B.; Bodek, A.; Chung, Y. S.; Covarelli, R.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Eshaq, Y.; Ferbel, T.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Goldenzweig, P.; Han, J.; Harel, A.; Miner, D. C.; Vishnevskiy, D.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA. [Bhatti, A.; Ciesielski, R.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Arora, S.; Barker, A.; Chou, J. P.; Contreras-Campana, C.; Contreras-Campana, E.; Duggan, D.; Ferencek, D.; Gershtein, Y.; Gray, R.; Halkiadakis, E.; Hidas, D.; Lath, A.; Panwalkar, S.; Park, M.; Patel, R.; Rekovic, V.; Robles, J.; Rose, K.; Salur, S.; Schnetzer, S.; Seitz, C.; Somalwar, S.; Stone, R.; Thomas, S.; Walker, M.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Cerizza, G.; Hollingsworth, M.; Spanier, S.; Yang, Z. C.; York, A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. [Eusebi, R.; Flanagan, W.; Gilmore, J.; Kamon, T.; Khotilovich, V.; Montalvo, R.; Osipenkov, I.; Pakhotin, Y.; Perloff, A.; Roe, J.; Safonov, A.; Sakuma, T.; Sengupta, S.; Suarez, I.; Tatarinov, A.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Akchurin, N.; Damgov, J.; Dragoiu, C.; Dudero, P. R.; Jeong, C.; Kovitanggoon, K.; Lee, S. W.; Libeiro, T.; Volobouev, I.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Appelt, E.; Delannoy, A. G.; Florez, C.; Greene, S.; Gurrola, A.; Johns, W.; Kurt, P.; Maguire, C.; Melo, A.; Sharma, M.; Sheldon, P.; Snook, B.; Tuo, S.; Velkovska, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Arenton, M. W.; Balazs, M.; Boutle, S.; Cox, B.; Francis, B.; Goodell, J.; Hirosky, R.; Ledovskoy, A.; Lin, C.; Neu, C.; Wood, J.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Gollapinni, S.; Harr, R.; Karchin, P. E.; Don, C. Kottachchi Kankanamge; Lamichhane, P.; Sakharov, A.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Anderson, M.; Belknap, D. A.; Borrello, L.; Carlsmith, D.; Cepeda, M.; Dasu, S.; Friis, E.; Gray, L.; Grogg, K. S.; Grothe, M.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Herndon, M.; Herve, A.; Klabbers, P.; Klukas, J.; Lanaro, A.; Lazaridis, C.; Loveless, R.; Mohapatra, A.; Ojalvo, I.; Palmonari, F.; Pierro, G. A.; Ross, I.; Savin, A.; Smith, W. H.; Swanson, J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Nappi, A.; Sarycheva, L.] Vienna Univ Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Assran, Y.] Suez Canal Univ, Suez, Egypt. 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Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Kirakosyan, Martin/N-2701-2015; Gulmez, Erhan/P-9518-2015; Seixas, Joao/F-5441-2013; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/L-4142-2016; Sznajder, Andre/L-1621-2016; Haj Ahmad, Wael/E-6738-2016; Xie, Si/O-6830-2016; Leonardo, Nuno/M-6940-2016; Goh, Junghwan/Q-3720-2016; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; My, Salvatore/I-5160-2015; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Dremin, Igor/K-8053-2015; Hoorani, Hafeez/D-1791-2013; Leonidov, Andrey/M-4440-2013; Andreev, Vladimir/M-8665-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015; KIM, Tae Jeong/P-7848-2015; Arce, Pedro/L-1268-2014; Flix, Josep/G-5414-2012; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Grandi, Claudio/B-5654-2015; Raidal, Martti/F-4436-2012; Calderon, Alicia/K-3658-2014; Bernardes, Cesar Augusto/D-2408-2015; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/E-9678-2015; Sen, Sercan/C-6473-2014; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/F-5897-2015; Belyaev, Alexander/F-6637-2015; Stahl, Achim/E-8846-2011; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/A-5598-2009; Konecki, Marcin/G-4164-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/H-5657-2011; Codispoti, Giuseppe/F-6574-2014; Gribushin, Andrei/J-4225-2012; Cerrada, Marcos/J-6934-2014; de la Cruz, Begona/K-7552-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Josa, Isabel/K-5184-2014; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/L-1203-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014; Ferguson, Thomas/O-3444-2014; Benussi, Luigi/O-9684-2014; Leonidov, Andrey/P-3197-2014 OI gomez , marina/0000-0001-5545-4032; Wimpenny, Stephen/0000-0003-0505-4908; Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Tinoco Mendes, Andre David/0000-0001-5854-7699; Dogangun, Oktay/0000-0002-1255-2211; de Jesus Damiao, Dilson/0000-0002-3769-1680; Ligabue, Franco/0000-0002-1549-7107; Novaes, Sergio/0000-0003-0471-8549; Rolandi, Luigi (Gigi)/0000-0002-0635-274X; Montanari, Alessandro/0000-0003-2748-6373; Tomei, Thiago/0000-0002-1809-5226; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Ivanov, Andrew/0000-0002-9270-5643; Benaglia, Andrea Davide/0000-0003-1124-8450; Covarelli, Roberto/0000-0003-1216-5235; Ciulli, Vitaliano/0000-0003-1947-3396; Fiorendi, Sara/0000-0003-3273-9419; Martelli, Arabella/0000-0003-3530-2255; Gonzi, Sandro/0000-0003-4754-645X; Levchenko, Petr/0000-0003-4913-0538; Heath, Helen/0000-0001-6576-9740; Mercier, Damien/0000-0001-5063-7067; Bilki, Burak/0000-0001-9515-3306; Lloret Iglesias, Lara/0000-0002-0157-4765; Sguazzoni, Giacomo/0000-0002-0791-3350; Casarsa, Massimo/0000-0002-1353-8964; Diemoz, Marcella/0000-0002-3810-8530; Tricomi, Alessia Rita/0000-0002-5071-5501; Fassi, Farida/0000-0002-6423-7213; Heredia De La Cruz, Ivan/0000-0002-8133-6467; Ghezzi, Alessio/0000-0002-8184-7953; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124; Demaria, Natale/0000-0003-0743-9465; Govoni, Pietro/0000-0002-0227-1301; Yazgan, Efe/0000-0001-5732-7950; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674; Longo, Egidio/0000-0001-6238-6787; Di Matteo, Leonardo/0000-0001-6698-1735; Baarmand, Marc/0000-0002-9792-8619; Boccali, Tommaso/0000-0002-9930-9299; Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Bargassa, Pedrame/0000-0001-8612-3332; Attia Mahmoud, Mohammed/0000-0001-8692-5458; Dubinin, Mikhail/0000-0002-7766-7175; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Gulmez, Erhan/0000-0002-6353-518X; Seixas, Joao/0000-0002-7531-0842; Vilela Pereira, Antonio/0000-0003-3177-4626; Sznajder, Andre/0000-0001-6998-1108; Haj Ahmad, Wael/0000-0003-1491-0446; Xie, Si/0000-0003-2509-5731; Leonardo, Nuno/0000-0002-9746-4594; Goh, Junghwan/0000-0002-1129-2083; Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; My, Salvatore/0000-0002-9938-2680; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153; KIM, Tae Jeong/0000-0001-8336-2434; Arce, Pedro/0000-0003-3009-0484; Flix, Josep/0000-0003-2688-8047; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Grandi, Claudio/0000-0001-5998-3070; Lazzizzera, Ignazio/0000-0001-5092-7531; Sen, Sercan/0000-0001-7325-1087; D'Alessandro, Raffaello/0000-0001-7997-0306; Belyaev, Alexander/0000-0002-1733-4408; Stahl, Achim/0000-0002-8369-7506; Trocsanyi, Zoltan/0000-0002-2129-1279; Konecki, Marcin/0000-0001-9482-4841; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Wulz, Claudia-Elisabeth/0000-0001-9226-5812; Codispoti, Giuseppe/0000-0003-0217-7021; Cerrada, Marcos/0000-0003-0112-1691; Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Calvo Alamillo, Enrique/0000-0002-1100-2963; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023; Ferguson, Thomas/0000-0001-5822-3731; Benussi, Luigi/0000-0002-2363-8889; FU BMWF (Austria); FWF (Austria); FNRS (Belgium); FWO (Belgium); CNPq (Brazil); CAPES (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil); FAPESP (Brazil); MEYS (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS (China); MoST (China); NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER; ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland; MEC; HIP (Finland); CEA; CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF; DFG; HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA (Hungary); NKTH (Hungary); DAE (India); DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF (Korea); WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV (Mexico); CONACYT (Mexico); SEP (Mexico); UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE (Poland); NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON (Russia); RosAtom (Russia); RAS (Russia); RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI (Spain); CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); ThEP (Thailand); IPST (Thailand); NECTEC (Thailand); TUBITAK (Turkey); TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE (USA); NSF (USA); [SF0690030s09] FX We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MEYS (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); ThEP, IPST, and NECTEC (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 99 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1550-7998 EI 1550-2368 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 87 IS 5 AR 052017 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.87.052017 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 113NP UT WOS:000316675000001 ER PT J AU Boates, B Bonev, SA AF Boates, Brian Bonev, Stanimir A. TI Demixing Instability in Dense Molten MgSiO3 and the Phase Diagram of MgO SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID POST-PEROVSKITE PHASE; LOWER MANTLE; EARTHS MANTLE; HIGH-PRESSURE; STABILITY; TRANSITION; LIQUID; DISSOCIATION; (MG,FE)SIO3-PEROVSKITE; SIMULATIONS AB The phase diagrams of MgSiO3 and MgO are studied from first-principles theory for pressures and temperatures up to 600 GPa and 20 000 K. Through the evaluation of finite-temperature Gibbs free energies, using density-functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation as well as with hybrid exchange-correlation functionals, we find evidence for a vast pressure-temperature regime where molten MgSiO3 decomposes into liquid SiO2 and solid MgO, with a volume change of approximately 1.2%. The demixing transition is driven by the crystallization of MgO-the reaction only occurs below the high-pressure MgO melting curve. The predicted transition pressure at 10 000 K is in close proximity to an anomaly reported in recent laser-driven shock experiments of MgSiO3. We also present new results for the high-pressure melting curve of MgO and its B1-B2 solid phase transition, with a triple point at 364 GPa and 12 000 K. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135504 C1 [Boates, Brian; Bonev, Stanimir A.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada. [Boates, Brian; Bonev, Stanimir A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. RP Boates, B (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada. FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Killam Trusts; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX We wish to thank E. Schwegler, A. M. Teweldeberhan, and S. Hamel for discussions. This work was supported by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), and the Killam Trusts. Computational resources were provided by the Canadian Foundation for Innovation, ACEnet, WestGrid, and LLNL. The work at LLNL was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 40 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 61 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 AR 135504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135504 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 113RI UT WOS:000316685100017 PM 23581337 ER PT J AU Chen, DL Mandeltort, L Saidi, WA Yates, JT Cole, MW Johnson, JK AF Chen, De-Li Mandeltort, Lynn Saidi, Wissam A. Yates, John T., Jr. Cole, Milton W. Johnson, J. Karl TI Is there a Difference in Van Der Waals Interactions between Rare Gas Atoms Adsorbed on Metallic and Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes? SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; DENSITY; MICROTUBULES; ADSORPTION; SEPARATION; SYSTEMS; SOLIDS AB The differences in the polarizabilities of metallic (M) and semiconducting (S) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) might give rise to differences in adsorption potentials. We show from experiments and van der Waals-corrected density functional theory that the binding energies of Xe adsorbed on M-and S-SWNTs are nearly identical. Temperature programed desorption experiments of Xe on purified M-and S-SWNTs give similar peak temperatures, indicating that desorption kinetics and binding energies are independent of the type of SWNT. Binding energies computed from vdW-corrected density functional theory are in good agreement with experiments. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135503 C1 [Chen, De-Li; Saidi, Wissam A.; Johnson, J. Karl] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Mandeltort, Lynn; Yates, John T., Jr.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Cole, Milton W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Johnson, J. Karl] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Chen, DL (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RI Chen, De-Li/H-6867-2012; Johnson, Karl/E-9733-2013 OI Johnson, Karl/0000-0002-3608-8003 FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-10ER16165]; DTRA [HDTRA1-09-1-0008] FX We thank John Dobson and Gerald Mahan for helpful discussions. Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy for funding under Grant No. DE-FG02-10ER16165 and by DTRA under Contract No. HDTRA1-09-1-0008. Calculations were performed at the University of Pittsburgh Center for Simulation and Modeling. NR 47 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 41 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 AR 135503 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.135503 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 113RI UT WOS:000316685100016 PM 23581336 ER PT J AU Dobbs, S Metreveli, Z Seth, KK Tomaradze, A Xiao, T Martin, L Powell, A Wilkinson, G Mendez, H Asner, DM Tatishvili, G Ge, JY Huang, GS Miller, DH Pavlunin, V Shipsey, IPJ Xin, B Adams, GS Hu, D Moziak, B Napolitano, J Ecklund, KM Insler, J Muramatsu, H Park, CS Pearson, LJ Thorndike, EH Ricciardi, S Thomas, C Artuso, M Blusk, S Mountain, R Skwarnicki, T Stone, S Zhang, LM Bonvicini, G Cinabro, D Lincoln, A Smith, MJ Zhou, P Zhu, J Naik, P Rademacker, J Edwards, KW Randrianarivony, K Briere, RA Vogel, H Onyisi, PUE Rosner, JL Alexander, JP Cassel, DG Das, S Ehrlich, R Gibbons, L Gray, SW Hartill, DL Heltsley, BK Kreinick, DL Kuznetsov, VE Patterson, JR Peterson, D Riley, D Ryd, A Sadoff, AJ Shi, X Sun, WM Yelton, J Rubin, P Lowrey, N Mehrabyan, S Selen, M Wiss, J Libby, J Kornicer, M Mitchell, RE Tarbert, CM Besson, D Pedlar, TK Cronin-Hennessy, D Hietala, J AF Dobbs, S. Metreveli, Z. Seth, K. K. Tomaradze, A. Xiao, T. Martin, L. Powell, A. Wilkinson, G. Mendez, H. Asner, D. M. Tatishvili, G. Ge, J. Y. Huang, G. S. Miller, D. H. Pavlunin, V. Shipsey, I. P. J. Xin, B. Adams, G. S. Hu, D. Moziak, B. Napolitano, J. Ecklund, K. M. Insler, J. Muramatsu, H. Park, C. S. Pearson, L. J. Thorndike, E. H. Ricciardi, S. Thomas, C. Artuso, M. Blusk, S. Mountain, R. Skwarnicki, T. Stone, S. Zhang, L. M. Bonvicini, G. Cinabro, D. Lincoln, A. Smith, M. J. Zhou, P. Zhu, J. Naik, P. Rademacker, J. Edwards, K. W. Randrianarivony, K. Briere, R. A. Vogel, H. Onyisi, P. U. E. Rosner, J. L. Alexander, J. P. Cassel, D. G. Das, S. Ehrlich, R. Gibbons, L. Gray, S. W. Hartill, D. L. Heltsley, B. K. Kreinick, D. L. Kuznetsov, V. E. Patterson, J. R. Peterson, D. Riley, D. Ryd, A. Sadoff, A. J. Shi, X. Sun, W. M. Yelton, J. Rubin, P. Lowrey, N. Mehrabyan, S. Selen, M. Wiss, J. Libby, J. Kornicer, M. Mitchell, R. E. Tarbert, C. M. Besson, D. Pedlar, T. K. Cronin-Hennessy, D. Hietala, J. CA CLEO Collaboration TI First Measurement of the Form Factors in the Decays D-0 -> rho(-)e(+)nu(e) and D+ -> rho(0)e(+)nu(e) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMILEPTONIC DECAYS; MESON DECAYS; DETECTOR; MASS AB The beauty to up quark coupling constant \V-ub\ can be extracted from B --> rho e(+)nu(e) combined with the form factors for D --> K*e(+)nu(e) and B --> Vl(+)l(-) and D --> rho e(+)nu(e). Using the entire CLEO-c psi(3770) --> D (D) over bar event sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 818 pb(-1) and approximately 5.4 x 10(6) D (D) over bar events, we measure the form factors for the decays D-0 --> rho(-)e(+)nu(e) and D+ --> rho(0)e(+)nu(e) for the first time and the branching fractions with improved precision. A four-dimensional unbinned maximum likelihood fit determines the form factor ratios to be V(0)/A(1)(0) = 1.48 +/- 0.15 +/- 0.05 and A(2)(0)/A(1)(0) = 0.83 +/- 0.11 +/- 0.04. Assuming Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity, the known D meson lifetimes, and our measured branching fractions we obtain the form factor normalizations A(1)(0), A(2)(0), and V(0). We also present a measurement of the branching fraction for D+ --> omega e(+)nu(e) with improved precision. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.131802 C1 [Dobbs, S.; Metreveli, Z.; Seth, K. K.; Tomaradze, A.; Xiao, T.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Martin, L.; Powell, A.; Wilkinson, G.; Thomas, C.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Mendez, H.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Asner, D. M.; Tatishvili, G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Ge, J. Y.; Huang, G. S.; Miller, D. H.; Pavlunin, V.; Shipsey, I. P. J.; Xin, B.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Adams, G. S.; Hu, D.; Moziak, B.; Napolitano, J.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Ecklund, K. M.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Insler, J.; Muramatsu, H.; Park, C. S.; Pearson, L. J.; Thorndike, E. H.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Ricciardi, S.; Thomas, C.] STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Artuso, M.; Blusk, S.; Mountain, R.; Skwarnicki, T.; Stone, S.; Zhang, L. M.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Bonvicini, G.; Cinabro, D.; Lincoln, A.; Smith, M. J.; Zhou, P.; Zhu, J.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Naik, P.; Rademacker, J.] Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Edwards, K. W.; Randrianarivony, K.] Carleton Univ, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada. [Briere, R. A.; Vogel, H.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Onyisi, P. U. E.; Rosner, J. L.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Alexander, J. P.; Cassel, D. G.; Das, S.; Ehrlich, R.; Gibbons, L.; Gray, S. W.; Hartill, D. L.; Heltsley, B. K.; Kreinick, D. L.; Kuznetsov, V. E.; Patterson, J. R.; Peterson, D.; Riley, D.; Ryd, A.; Sadoff, A. J.; Shi, X.; Sun, W. M.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Yelton, J.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Rubin, P.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Lowrey, N.; Mehrabyan, S.; Selen, M.; Wiss, J.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Libby, J.] Indian Inst Technol, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India. [Kornicer, M.; Mitchell, R. E.; Tarbert, C. M.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Besson, D.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Pedlar, T. K.] Luther Coll, Decorah, IA 52101 USA. [Cronin-Hennessy, D.; Hietala, J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Dobbs, S (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RI Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014; Vogel, Helmut/N-8882-2014 OI Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039; Vogel, Helmut/0000-0002-6109-3023 FU A. P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council FX We gratefully acknowledge the effort of the CESR staff in providing us with excellent luminosity and running conditions. This work was supported by the A. P. Sloan Foundation, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and the U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 110 IS 13 AR 131802 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.131802 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 113RI UT WOS:000316685100006 PM 23581310 ER PT J AU Chen, XB Liu, L Liu, Z Marcus, MA Wang, WC Oyler, NA Grass, ME Mao, BH Glans, PA Yu, PY Guo, JH Mao, SS AF Chen, Xiaobo Liu, Lei Liu, Zhi Marcus, Matthew A. Wang, Wei-Cheng Oyler, Nathan A. Grass, Michael E. Mao, Baohua Glans, Per-Anders Yu, Peter Y. Guo, Jinghua Mao, Samuel S. TI Properties of Disorder-Engineered Black Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles through Hydrogenation SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; VISIBLE-LIGHT; TIO2 NANOTUBES; SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; STORAGE; OXIDES; WATER; PHOTOCATALYSIS; NANOMATERIALS AB The recent discovery of "black'' TiO2 nanoparticles with visible and infrared absorption has triggered an explosion of interest in the application of TiO2 in a diverse set of solar energy systems; however, what a black TiO2 nanoparticle really is remains a mystery. Here we elucidate more properties and try to understand the inner workings of black TiO2 nanoparticles with hydrogenated disorders in a surface layer surrounding a crystalline core. Contrary to traditional findings, Ti3+ here is not responsible for the visible and infrared absorption of black TiO2, while there is evidence of mid-gap states above the valence band maximum due to the hydrogenated, engineered disorders. The hydrogen atoms, on the other hand, can undergo fast diffusion and exchange. The enhanced hydrogen mobility may be explained by the presence of the hydrogenated, disordered surface layer. This unique structure thus may give TiO2, one of the most-studied oxide materials, a renewed potential. C1 [Chen, Xiaobo; Oyler, Nathan A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Liu, Lei] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Luminescence & Applicat, Changchun Inst Opt Fine Mech & Phys, Changchun 130033, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Liu, Zhi; Marcus, Matthew A.; Wang, Wei-Cheng; Grass, Michael E.; Mao, Baohua; Glans, Per-Anders; Guo, Jinghua] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wang, Wei-Cheng] Tamkang Univ, Dept Phys, Tamsui 250, Taiwan. [Mao, Baohua] Soochow Univ, Inst Funct Nano & Soft Mat Lab, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Yu, Peter Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mao, Samuel S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mao, Samuel S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Chen, XB (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. EM chenxiaobo@umkc.edu; ssmao@me.berkeley.edu RI Liu, Zhi/B-3642-2009; Glans, Per-Anders/G-8674-2016 OI Liu, Zhi/0000-0002-8973-6561; FU Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; College of Arts and Sciences, University of Missouri - Kansas City; University of Missouri Research Board; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11174273]; Chinese Academy of Sciences FX This research has been supported by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy. TEM work was performed at the National Center for Electron Microscopy, which is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy. The operations of the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory are supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231. X. C. thanks the support from College of Arts and Sciences, University of Missouri - Kansas City and University of Missouri Research Board. LL thanks support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11174273) and the 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. NR 36 TC 114 Z9 114 U1 27 U2 342 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD MAR 26 PY 2013 VL 3 AR 1510 DI 10.1038/srep01510 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 112MI UT WOS:000316595900001 PM 23528851 ER PT J AU Steinweg, JM Jagadamma, S Frerichs, J Mayes, MA AF Steinweg, J. Megan Jagadamma, Sindhu Frerichs, Joshua Mayes, Melanie A. TI Activation Energy of Extracellular Enzymes in Soils from Different Biomes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; THERMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS; PSYCHROPHILIC ENZYMES; THEORETICAL-MODEL; PHENOL OXIDASE; KINETICS; PEROXIDASE; DECOMPOSITION; LACCASE; CARBON AB Enzyme dynamics are being incorporated into soil carbon cycling models and accurate representation of enzyme kinetics is an important step in predicting belowground nutrient dynamics. A scarce number of studies have measured activation energy (E-a) in soils and fewer studies have measured E-a in arctic and tropical soils, or in subsurface soils. We determined the E-a for four typical lignocellulose degrading enzymes in the A and B horizons of seven soils covering six different soil orders. We also elucidated which soil properties predicted any measurable differences in E-a. beta-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, phenol oxidase and peroxidase activities were measured at five temperatures, 4, 21, 30, 40, and 60 degrees C. E-a was calculated using the Arrhenius equation. b-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase E-a values for both A and B horizons in this study were similar to previously reported values, however we could not make a direct comparison for B horizon soils because of the lack of data. There was no consistent relationship between hydrolase enzyme E-a and the environmental variables we measured. Phenol oxidase was the only enzyme that had a consistent positive relationship between E-a and pH in both horizons. The E-a in the arctic and subarctic zones for peroxidase was lower than the hydrolases and phenol oxidase values, indicating peroxidase may be a rate limited enzyme in environments under warming conditions. By including these six soil types we have increased the number of soil oxidative enzyme E-a values reported in the literature by 50%. This study is a step towards better quantifying enzyme kinetics in different climate zones. C1 [Steinweg, J. Megan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Steinweg, J. Megan; Jagadamma, Sindhu; Mayes, Melanie A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Jagadamma, Sindhu; Mayes, Melanie A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Frerichs, Joshua] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Steinweg, JM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM steinwegjm@ornl.gov FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; U.S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725] FX This research was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Collection and processing of soil samples from Brazil was supported by CNPq. The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U. S. Government purposes. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 69 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 25 PY 2013 VL 8 IS 3 AR e59943 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0059943 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 123NP UT WOS:000317397200046 PM 23536898 ER PT J AU Hopkins, PE Adamo, C Ye, LH Huey, BD Lee, SR Schlom, DG Ihlefeld, JF AF Hopkins, Patrick E. Adamo, Carolina Ye, Linghan Huey, Bryan D. Lee, Stephen R. Schlom, Darrell G. Ihlefeld, Jon F. TI Effects of coherent ferroelastic domain walls on the thermal conductivity and Kapitza conductance in bismuth ferrite SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES; PHONON-SCATTERING; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; RESISTANCE; BIFEO3; HEAT; THICKNESS; DEVICES; KDP AB Ferroelectric and ferroelastic domain structure has a profound effect on the piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and dielectric responses of ferroelectric materials. However, domain walls and strain field effects on thermal properties are unknown. We measured the thermal conductance from 100-400K of epitaxially grown BiFeO3 thin films with different domain variants, each separated primarily by 71 degrees domain walls. We determined the Kapitza conductance across the domain walls, which is driven by the strain field induced by the domain variants. This domain wall Kapitza conductance is lower than the Kapitza conductance associated with grain boundaries in all previously measured materials. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4798497] C1 [Hopkins, Patrick E.] Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Adamo, Carolina; Schlom, Darrell G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ye, Linghan; Huey, Bryan D.] Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Lee, Stephen R.; Ihlefeld, Jon F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA. RP Hopkins, PE (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM phopkins@virginia.edu; jihlefe@sandia.gov RI Schlom, Darrell/J-2412-2013; Ihlefeld, Jon/B-3117-2009; Huey, Bryan/G-7512-2014 OI Schlom, Darrell/0000-0003-2493-6113; Huey, Bryan/0000-0002-1441-1180 FU LDRD program office at Sandia National Laboratories; NSF:DMR:Ceramics:MWN [0909091]; AFOSR [FA9550-13-1-0067]; ARO [W911NF-08-2-0032]; United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000] FX We acknowledge funding from the LDRD program office at Sandia National Laboratories. B.D.H. and L.Y. recognize funding from NSF:DMR:Ceramics:MWN, 0909091. P.E.H. recognized support from the AFOSR Young Investigator Program (FA9550-13-1-0067). The work at Cornell University was supported by ARO through Agreement W911NF-08-2-0032. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 78 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2013 VL 102 IS 12 AR 121903 DI 10.1063/1.4798497 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 117QB UT WOS:000316967100023 ER PT J AU Latkowska, M Kudrawiec, R Janiak, F Motyka, M Misiewicz, J Zhuang, Q Krier, A Walukiewicz, W AF Latkowska, M. Kudrawiec, R. Janiak, F. Motyka, M. Misiewicz, J. Zhuang, Q. Krier, A. Walukiewicz, W. TI Temperature dependence of photoluminescence from InNAsSb layers: The role of localized and free carrier emission in determination of temperature dependence of energy gap SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALLOYS; EPITAXY AB The temperature dependence of energy gap-related emission from InNAsSb layers was studied by Fourier transform infrared photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The shape of PL peak was analyzed using a theoretical expression, which takes into account both the localized and free carrier emission. Proper accounting for those two effects is very important for an accurate determination of the Varshni and Bose-Einstein parameters from PL data. It is shown that nitrogen incorporation has a very week effect on the temperature induced bandgap reduction in InNAsSb alloys and that the Varshni and Bose-Einstein parameters are very close to those observed in InAs and InSb. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4798590] C1 [Latkowska, M.; Kudrawiec, R.; Janiak, F.; Motyka, M.; Misiewicz, J.] Wroclaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. [Kudrawiec, R.; Walukiewicz, W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhuang, Q.; Krier, A.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England. RP Latkowska, M (reprint author), Wroclaw Univ Technol, Inst Phys, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, PL-50370 Wroclaw, Poland. EM magdalena.latkowska@pwr.wroc.pl; robert.kudrawiec@pwr.wroc.pl FU MNiSW [DPN/N125/COST/2009, MP0805]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; MNiSzW; European Union FX The authors acknowledge support from the MNiSW (Grant No. DPN/N125/COST/2009 related to the COST Action MP0805) and the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. In addition, R. K. acknowledges for the support within the grant "Mobilnosc Plus" from the MNiSzW and M. L. acknowledges the fellowship co-financed by the European Union within European Social Fund. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 38 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2013 VL 102 IS 12 AR 122109 DI 10.1063/1.4798590 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 117QB UT WOS:000316967100041 ER PT J AU Lee, CH Podraza, NJ Zhu, Y Berger, RF Shen, SP Sestak, M Collins, RW Kourkoutis, LF Mundy, JA Wang, HQ Mao, QY Xi, XX Brillson, LJ Neaton, JB Muller, DA Schlom, DG AF Lee, Che-Hui Podraza, Nikolas J. Zhu, Ye Berger, Robert F. Shen, Shaoping Sestak, Michelle Collins, Robert W. Kourkoutis, Lena F. Mundy, Julia A. Wang, Huiqiong Mao, Qingyun Xi, Xiaoxing Brillson, Leonard J. Neaton, Jeffrey B. Muller, David A. Schlom, Darrell G. TI Effect of reduced dimensionality on the optical band gap of SrTiO3 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES; SR-TI-O; SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; STRONTIUM-TITANATE; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; THIN-FILMS; SYSTEM; WATER; SUBSTITUTION AB The effect of dimensional confinement on the optical band gap of SrTiO3 is investigated by periodically introducing one extra SrO monolayer every n SrTiO3 layers. The result is the n = 1-5 and 10 members of the Srn+1TinO3n+1 Ruddlesden-Popper homologous series. Spectroscopic ellipsometry, optical transmission, and cathodoluminescence measurements reveal these Srn+1TinO3n+1 phases to have indirect optical band gaps at room temperature with values that decrease monotonically with increasing n. First-principles calculations suggest that as n increases and the TiO6 octahedra become connected for increasing distances along the c-axis, the band edge electronic states become less confined. This is responsible for the decrease in band gaps with increasing n (for finite n) among Srn+1TinO3n+1 phases. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4798241] C1 [Lee, Che-Hui; Schlom, Darrell G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lee, Che-Hui] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Podraza, Nikolas J.; Sestak, Michelle; Collins, Robert W.] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Zhu, Ye; Kourkoutis, Lena F.; Mundy, Julia A.; Wang, Huiqiong; Mao, Qingyun; Muller, David A.] Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Berger, Robert F.; Neaton, Jeffrey B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shen, Shaoping; Brillson, Leonard J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Xi, Xiaoxing] Temple Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Muller, David A.; Schlom, Darrell G.] Kavli Inst Cornell Nanoscale Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Lee, CH (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM schlom@cornell.edu RI Schlom, Darrell/J-2412-2013; Zhu, Ye/A-1844-2011; Neaton, Jeffrey/F-8578-2015; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014; Wang, Hui-Qiong/H-4690-2011; OI Schlom, Darrell/0000-0003-2493-6113; Zhu, Ye/0000-0002-5217-493X; Neaton, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7585-6135; Sestak, Michelle/0000-0002-6628-8284; Muller, David/0000-0003-4129-0473; Kourkoutis, Lena/0000-0002-1303-1362 FU National Science Foundation through the MRSEC program [DMR-1120296, DMR-0820404, DMR 0820414]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Army Research Office [W911NF0910415H, W911NF-10-1-0220]; Energy Materials Center at Cornell [DE-SC0001086] FX C.-H.L., S. S., L.J.B., and L. F. K. were supported by the National Science Foundation through the MRSEC program (Grant Nos. DMR-1120296, DMR-0820404, and DMR 0820414). R. F. B. and J.B.N. were supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy through the Molecular Foundry (Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231). Y.Z. and L.J.B. were supported by the Army Research Office (Award No. W911NF0910415H and W911NF-10-1-0220). J.A.M., H. Q. W., D. A. M., and D. G. S. were supported by the Energy Materials Center at Cornell (Award No. DE-SC0001086). NR 56 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 110 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2013 VL 102 IS 12 AR 122901 DI 10.1063/1.4798241 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 117QB UT WOS:000316967100059 ER PT J AU McDannald, A Staruch, M Sreenivasulu, G Cantoni, C Srinivasan, G Jain, M AF McDannald, A. Staruch, M. Sreenivasulu, G. Cantoni, C. Srinivasan, G. Jain, M. TI Magnetoelectric coupling in solution derived 3-0 type PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3:xCoFe(2)O(4) nanocomposite films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MULTIFERROIC NANOSTRUCTURES; COMPOSITES AB Magnetoelectric (ME) coupling (alpha(E)) in piezoelectric: magnetostrictive composites is mediated through mechanical strain at their interfaces. Incorporating magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) in piezoelectric matrix enhances interfacial area between the two phases and therefore large alpha(E) can be expected. Here, we present electric and ME properties of 3-0 type nanocomposite thin films with various concentrations of CoFe2O4 NPs dispersed in PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 (PZT) matrix. Nanocomposite films show only a slight reduction in remnant electric-polarization as compared to that of PZT. A nanocomposite film with 0.1% CoFe2O4 (molar concentration) exhibited the highest transverse alpha(E) of 549 mV/cmOe at 453 Oe dc bias and 1 kHz. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4799174] C1 [McDannald, A.; Jain, M.] Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Staruch, M.; Jain, M.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Sreenivasulu, G.; Srinivasan, G.] Oakland Univ, Dept Phys, Rochester, MI 48309 USA. [Cantoni, C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Jain, M (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM menka.jain@uconn.edu RI Staruch, Margo/M-9260-2015; Cantoni, Claudia/G-3031-2013; OI Staruch, Margo/0000-0003-3088-2553; Cantoni, Claudia/0000-0002-9731-2021; Jain, Menka/0000-0002-2264-6895 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [1105975]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Division of Materials Sciences & Engineering and Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability; ORNL; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy FX The author M.J. is grateful to the financial support from National Science Foundation grant (NSF #1105975). For the microscopy work, author C.C. acknowledges funding from the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Division of Materials Sciences & Engineering and Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability. Part of the microscopy work was supported by ORNL's Shared Research Equipment User Program, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 63 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2013 VL 102 IS 12 AR 122905 DI 10.1063/1.4799174 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 117QB UT WOS:000316967100063 ER PT J AU Peng, HW Li, JB Wei, SH AF Peng, Haowei Li, Jingbo Wei, Su-Huai TI Chemical trends of magnetic interaction in Mn-doped III-V semiconductors SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERROMAGNETISM; MODEL AB The trends of magnetic coupling strength in Mn-doped III-V semiconductors are explained using a physically transparent band-coupling model, based on first-principles calculations. According to this model, the stability of the ferromagnetism in Mn-doped III-V semiconductors should increase with both the strength of p-d coupling and an effective coupling range parameter, alpha. However, these two quantities counteract to each other, i.e., increased p-d coupling strength means a decreased alpha value. Therefore, this competition will lead to the non-monotonic variation of ferromagnetic interaction in Mn-doped common-cation III-V semiconductors as the anion becomes heavier. Our results suggest that Mn-doped GaAs and AlAs are optimal materials for high T-C spintronics, in good agreement with experimental observations. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4799164] C1 [Peng, Haowei; Li, Jingbo] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Semicond, State Key Lab Superlattices & Microstruct, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Wei, Su-Huai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA. RP Peng, HW (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Semicond, State Key Lab Superlattices & Microstruct, POB 912, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM jbli@semi.ac.cn RI Peng, Haowei/K-4654-2012 OI Peng, Haowei/0000-0002-6502-8288 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308] FX J. Li gratefully acknowledges financial support from the "One-Hundred Talents Plan" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The work at NREL was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 30 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAR 25 PY 2013 VL 102 IS 12 AR 122409 DI 10.1063/1.4799164 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 117QB UT WOS:000316967100057 ER PT J AU Tong, T Fu, D Levander, AX Schaff, WJ Pantha, BN Lu, N Liu, B Ferguson, I Zhang, R Lin, JY Jiang, HX Wu, J Cahill, DG AF Tong, T. Fu, D. Levander, A. X. Schaff, W. J. Pantha, B. N. Lu, N. Liu, B. Ferguson, I. Zhang, R. Lin, J. Y. Jiang, H. X. Wu, J. Cahill, David G. TI Suppression of thermal conductivity in InxGa1-xN alloys by nanometer-scale disorder SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OVERGROWN GAN/SAPPHIRE 0001; LOW TEMPERATURES; WURTZITE ALN; GAN; MICROSCOPE; IMPURITIES; FILMS; INN AB We have systematically measured the room-temperature thermal conductivity of epitaxial layers of InxGa1-xN alloys with 15 different Indium compositions ranging from 0.08 to 0.98 by time-domain thermoreflectance method. The data are compared to the estimates of the strength of phonon scattering by cation disorder. The thermal conductivity is in good agreement with the theoretical modeling results based on the mass difference for In-rich (x>0.9) and Ga-rich (x<0.2) compositions. At intermediate compositions (0.2