FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Arbanas, G
Dunn, ME
Williams, ML
AF Arbanas, G.
Dunn, M. E.
Williams, M. L.
TI Inverse Sensitivity/Uncertainty Methods Development for Nuclear Fuel
Cycle Applications
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
AB The Standardized Computer Analyses for Licensing Evaluation (SCALE) software package developed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory includes codes that propagate uncertainties available in the nuclear data libraries to compute uncertainties in nuclear application performance parameters. We report on our recent efforts to extend this capability to develop an inverse sensitivity/uncertainty (IS/U) methodology that identifies the improvements in nuclear data that are needed to compute application responses within prescribed tolerances, while minimizing the cost of such data improvements. We report on our progress to date and present a simple test case for our method. Our methodology is directly applicable to thermal and intermediate neutron energy systems because it addresses the implicit neutron resonance self-shielding effects that are essential to accurate modeling of thermal and intermediate systems. This methodology is likely to increase the efficiency of nuclear data efforts.
C1 [Arbanas, G.; Dunn, M. E.; Williams, M. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Reactor & Nucl Syst Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Arbanas, G (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Reactor & Nucl Syst Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM arbanasg@ornl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX The authors are indebted to Drs. Brad Rearden, Clayton Webster, Luiz
Leal, and Dorothea Wiarda of ORNL for useful discussions. Notice: This
abstract has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract
DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States
Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for
publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a
non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do
so, for United States Government purposes.
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PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 374
EP 377
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2014.04.084
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AY6WU
UT WOS:000347704400083
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, T
Rochman, D
Vasiliev, A
Ferroukhi, H
Wieselquist, W
Pautz, A
AF Zhu, T.
Rochman, D.
Vasiliev, A.
Ferroukhi, H.
Wieselquist, W.
Pautz, A.
TI Comparison of Two Approaches for Nuclear Data Uncertainty Propagation in
MCNPX for Selected Fast Spectrum Critical Benchmarks
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
AB Nuclear data uncertainty propagation based on stochastic sampling ( SS) is becoming more attractive while leveraging modern computer power. Two variants of the SS approach are compared in this paper. The Total Monte Carlo (TMC) method by the Nuclear Research and Consultancy Group (NRG) generates perturbed ENDF-6-formatted nuclear data by varying nuclear reaction model parameters. At Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) the Nuclear data Uncertainty Stochastic Sampling (NUSS) system generates perturbed ACE-formatted nuclear data files by applying multigroup nuclear data covariances onto pointwise ACE-formatted nuclear data. Uncertainties of Pu-239 and U-235 from ENDF/B-VII.1, ZZ-SCALE6/COVA-44G and TENDL covariance libraries are considered in NUSS and propagated in MCNPX calculations for well-studied Jezebel and Godiva fast spectrum critical benchmarks. The corresponding uncertainty results obtained by TMC are compared with NUSS results and the deterministic Sensitivity/Uncertainty method of TSUNAMI-3D from SCALE6 package is also applied to serve as a separate verification. The discrepancies in the propagated Pu-239 and U-235 uncertainties due to method and covariance differences are discussed.
C1 [Zhu, T.; Vasiliev, A.; Ferroukhi, H.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Rochman, D.] Nucl Res & Consultancy Grp, NL-1755 LE Petten, Netherlands.
[Wieselquist, W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Pautz, A.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
RP Zhu, T (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
EM ting.zhu@psi.ch
RI EPFL, Physics/O-6514-2016;
OI Zhu, Ting/0000-0002-9427-2191; Rochman, Dimitri/0000-0002-5089-7034
FU swissnuclear; nuclear energy section of the Swiss electricity companies
FX This work was partly supported by swissnuclear, the nuclear energy
section of the Swiss electricity companies.
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PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 388
EP 391
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2014.04.088
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AY6WU
UT WOS:000347704400087
ER
PT J
AU Briggs, JB
Bess, JD
Gulliford, J
AF Briggs, J. B.
Bess, J. D.
Gulliford, J.
TI Integral Benchmark Data for Nuclear Data Testing Through the ICSBEP &
IRPhEP
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
AB The status of the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project (ICSBEP) and International Reactor Physics Experiment Evaluation Project (IRPhEP) was last discussed directly with the nuclear data community at ND2007. Since ND2007, integral benchmark data that are available for nuclear data testing have increased significantly. The status of the ICSBEP and the IRPhEP is discussed and selected benchmark configurations that have been added to the ICSBEP and IRPhEP Handbooks since ND2007 are highlighted.
C1 [Briggs, J. B.; Bess, J. D.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Gulliford, J.] NEA, OECD, F-92130 Issy Les Moulineaux, France.
RP Briggs, JB (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 North Fremont, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM j.briggs.@inl.gov
OI Bess, John/0000-0002-4936-9103
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX The ICSBEP and IRPhEP are collaborative efforts that involve numerous
scientists, engineers, administrative support personnel, and program
sponsors from 24 different countries. The authors would like to
acknowledge the efforts of all of these dedicated individuals without
whom the ICSBEP and IRPhEP would not be possible. The authors would
especially like to acknowledge the evaluators and reviewers of the
benchmark data that were published since the ND2007, which are
highlighted in this paper. This paper was prepared at Idaho National
Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract Number
(DE-AC07-05ID14517).
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PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 396
EP 400
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2014.04.090
PG 5
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AY6WU
UT WOS:000347704400089
ER
PT J
AU Kahler, AC
MacFarlane, RE
Chadwick, MB
AF Kahler, A. C.
MacFarlane, R. E.
Chadwick, M. B.
TI Integral Data Testing of ENDF/B-VII.1 Files - Success Stories and Need
to Improve Stories
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-DATA; TECHNOLOGY; SCIENCE
AB We review the results of ENDF/B-VII.1 cross section data testing with International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project (ICSBEP) benchmark assemblies. Comparisons with the previous, ENDF/B-VII.0, file are made, noting where the new data perform better and also noting areas of continuing weakness that require further experimental and theoretical work.
C1 [Kahler, A. C.; MacFarlane, R. E.; Chadwick, M. B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Kahler, AC (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM akahler@lanl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC-PN06NA25396]
FX LANL is managed by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC-PN06NA25396.
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PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 410
EP 413
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2014.04.093
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AY6WU
UT WOS:000347704400092
ER
PT J
AU Arcilla, R
Brown, D
Herman, M
AF Arcilla, R.
Brown, D.
Herman, M.
TI Continuous Integration and Deployment Software to Automate Nuclear Data
Verification and Validation
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
ID TECHNOLOGY; SCIENCE
AB We developed and implemented a highly-automated nuclear data quality assurance system ADVANCE (Automated Data Verification and Assurance for Nuclear Calculations Enhancement) which is based on the continuous integration and deployment concept that originated from the software industry. ADVANCE uses readily available open-source software components to deliver its powerful functionalities. This paper presents in detail the system's data verification functionalities which are being used to ensure the quality of every new evaluation submitted to the NNDC. Also discussed are the current development efforts to incorporate data validation capabilities into the system.
C1 [Arcilla, R.; Brown, D.; Herman, M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Arcilla, R (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM arcilla@bnl.gov
FU Office of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC
FX The authors sincerely thank the following LLNL colleagues for their
valuable advice and assistance especially at the early stage of the
project: C. Mattoon, B. Beck, N. Summers, M.A. Descalle, D. Heinrichs
and C. Lee. This work was funded by the Office of Nuclear Physics,
Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886 with Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC.
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PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 422
EP 425
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2014.04.096
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AY6WU
UT WOS:000347704400095
ER
PT J
AU Bess, JD
Briggs, JB
Marshall, MA
AF Bess, J. D.
Briggs, J. B.
Marshall, M. A.
TI Identification of Possible Discrepancies in HEU Metal Benchmarks
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-DATA; TECHNOLOGY; SCIENCE
AB The experiment from which benchmark specifications of "Lady Godiva" were derived consisted of nested hemispheres forming a bare sphere of highly enriched uranium (HEU). That experiment was performed in the early 1950s and the critical configuration was later (1995) evaluated and published in the International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments. The benchmark eigenvalue is reported as 1.000 +/- 0.001, which is representative of a high-quality benchmark experiment. Our current neutronic codes and cross section data are tailored to provide qualitative results that concur with the GODIVA I benchmark. Since 1995, additional high-fidelity HEU metal benchmark data have been evaluated and published. Calculated results from many of those benchmarks are consistently low. While there is generally good agreement between calculated and benchmark eigenvalues for spherical and slab geometries, cylindrical configurations tend to calculate low.
C1 [Bess, J. D.; Briggs, J. B.; Marshall, M. A.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Bess, JD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 North Fremont, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM john.bess@inl.gov
OI Bess, John/0000-0002-4936-9103
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC07-05ID14517).]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the time and effort of the many
individuals, companies, and countries that have supported the
experiments and subsequent benchmark evaluation for the ICSBEP and
IRPhEP Handbooks; those benchmark experiments provide the backbone for
our neutronic methods, codes, and data. This paper was prepared at the
Idaho National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract Number (DE-AC07-05ID14517).
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PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 466
EP 468
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2014.04.108
PG 3
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AY6WU
UT WOS:000347704400107
ER
PT J
AU Marshall, MA
Bess, JD
AF Marshall, M. A.
Bess, J. D.
TI Evaluation of Delayed Critical ORNL Unreflected HEU Metal Sphere
(ORSphere)
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
AB In 1971 and 1972 experimenters at the Oak Ridge Critical Experiment Facility performed critical experiments using an unreflected metal sphere of highly enriched uranium (HEU). The sphere used for the criticality experiments, originally used for neutron leakage spectrum measurements by General Atomic Company, consisted of three main parts and were assembled with a vertical assembly machine. Two configurations were tested. The first was nearly spherical with a nominal radius of 3.467 inches and had a reactivity of 68.1 +/- 2.0 cents. The sphere parts were then re-machined as a sphere with a nominal radius of 3.4425 inches. This assembly had a reactivity of -23 cents. The method, dimensions, and uncertainty of the critical experiment were extensively recorded and documented. The original purpose of the experiments was for comparison to GODIVA I experiments. The ORNL unreflected HEU Metal Spheres have been evaluated for inclusion in the International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments (scheduled for inclusion in the September 2013 edition).
C1 [Marshall, M. A.; Bess, J. D.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Marshall, M. A.] Ctr Space Nucl Res, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Marshall, MA (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 North Fremont, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM margaret.marshall@inl.gov
OI Bess, John/0000-0002-4936-9103
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PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 469
EP 471
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2014.04.109
PG 3
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AY6WU
UT WOS:000347704400108
ER
PT J
AU Chapelle, A
Casoli, P
Authier, N
Myers, W
Hutchinson, J
Sood, A
Rooney, B
AF Chapelle, A.
Casoli, P.
Authier, N.
Myers, W.
Hutchinson, J.
Sood, A.
Rooney, B.
TI Joint Neutron Noise Measurements on Metallic Reactor Caliban
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
AB Caliban is a benchmarked, bare metallic reactor, operated by the Criticality, Neutron Science and Measurement Department. A joint neutron noise measurement week was organized with a team from the LANL in June 2013. Its aim was to perform multiplication measurements from different subcritical configurations, to build an analysis of the uncertainties of this kind of experiments. The first results of this week are presented here.
C1 [Chapelle, A.; Casoli, P.; Authier, N.] CEA Valduc, F-21120 Is Sur Tille, France.
[Myers, W.; Hutchinson, J.; Sood, A.; Rooney, B.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Chapelle, A (reprint author), CEA Valduc, F-21120 Is Sur Tille, France.
EM amaury.chapelle@eamea.fr
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PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 558
EP 560
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2014.04.134
PG 3
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AY6WU
UT WOS:000347704400133
ER
PT J
AU Navarro, J
Ring, TA
Nigg, DW
AF Navarro, J.
Ring, T. A.
Nigg, D. W.
TI A Feasibility and Optimization Study to Design a Nondestructive ATR Fuel
Permanent Scanning System to Determine Fuel Burnup
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
AB The goal of this project was to develop the best available non-destructive technique to determine burnup of the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) fuels at Idaho National Laboratory, as well as to make a recommendation regarding the feasibility of implementing a permanent fuel scanning system at the ATR canal. The study determined that useful spectra for validation and fuel burnup predictions can be obtained in-situ at the ATR canal using three different detectors. In addition, the study established that calibration curves can be created to predict ATR fuel burnup onsite. The study also established that in order to design a rugged system that can stand the daily operations at the ATR canal a LaBr3 scintillator can be used effectively if deconvolution process is applied to increase the spectra resolution.
C1 [Navarro, J.; Nigg, D. W.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Navarro, J.; Ring, T. A.] Univ Utah, UNEP, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
RP Navarro, J (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM jorge.navarro@inl.gov
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PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 571
EP 574
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2014.04.138
PG 4
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AY6WU
UT WOS:000347704400137
ER
PT J
AU Gould, CR
Sharapov, EI
Sonzogni, AA
AF Gould, C. R.
Sharapov, E. I.
Sonzogni, A. A.
TI Nuclear Data and the Oklo Natural Nuclear Reactors
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONSTANTS
AB Data from the Oklo natural nuclear reactors have enabled some of the most sensitive terrestrial tests of time variation of dimensionless fundamental constants. The constraints on variation of alpha EM, the fine structure constant are particular good, but depend on the reliability of the nuclear data, and on the reliability of the modeling of the reactor environment. We briefly review the history of these tests and discuss our recent work in 1) attempting to better bound the temperatures at which the reactors operated, 2) investigating whether the gamma-ray fluxes in the reactors could have contributed to changing lutetium isotopic abundances and 3) determining whether lanthanum isotopic data could provide an alternate estimate of the neutron fluence.
C1 [Gould, C. R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Sharapov, E. I.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia.
[Sonzogni, A. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Gould, CR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM crg@ncsu.edu
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02- 97ER41041];
Brookhaven Science Associates (NNDC) [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Physics, under Grant No. DE-FG02- 97ER41041 (NC State
University), and under contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with Brookhaven
Science Associates (NNDC).
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SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
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JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 585
EP 587
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2014.04.142
PG 3
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AY6WU
UT WOS:000347704400141
ER
PT J
AU Palmiotti, G
Salvatores, M
Aliberti, G
Herman, M
Hoblit, SD
McKnight, RD
Oblozinsky, P
Talou, P
Hale, GM
Hiruta, H
Kawano, T
Mattoon, CM
Nobre, GPA
Palumbo, A
Pigni, M
Rising, ME
Yang, WS
Kahler, AC
AF Palmiotti, G.
Salvatores, M.
Aliberti, G.
Herman, M.
Hoblit, S. D.
McKnight, R. D.
Oblozinsky, P.
Talou, P.
Hale, G. M.
Hiruta, H.
Kawano, T.
Mattoon, C. M.
Nobre, G. P. A.
Palumbo, A.
Pigni, M.
Rising, M. E.
Yang, W. -S.
Kahler, A. C.
TI Combined Use of Integral Experiments and Covariance Data
SO NUCLEAR DATA SHEETS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-DATA VALIDATION; CROSS-SECTIONS; IRRADIATION EXPERIMENTS;
ADJUSTMENT; PARAMETERS; SYSTEMS; UNCERTAINTY; TECHNOLOGY; ACTINIDES;
SCIENCE
AB In the frame of a US-DOE sponsored project, ANL, BNL, INL and LANL have performed a joint multidisciplinary research activity in order to explore the combined use of integral experiments and covariance data with the objective to both give quantitative indications on possible improvements of the ENDF evaluated data files and to reduce at the same time crucial reactor design parameter uncertainties. Methods that have been developed in the last four decades for the purposes indicated above have been improved by some new developments that benefited also by continuous exchanges with international groups working in similar areas. The major new developments that allowed significant progress are to be found in several specific domains: a) new science-based covariance data; b) integral experiment covariance data assessment and improved experiment analysis, e.g., of sample irradiation experiments; c) sensitivity analysis, where several improvements were necessary despite the generally good understanding of these techniques, e.g., to account for fission spectrum sensitivity; d) a critical approach to the analysis of statistical adjustments performance, both a priori and a posteriori; e) generalization of the assimilation method, now applied for the first time not only to multigroup cross sections data but also to nuclear model parameters (the "consistent" method).
This article describes the major results obtained in each of these areas; a large scale nuclear data adjustment, based on the use of approximately one hundred high-accuracy integral experiments, will be reported along with a significant example of the application of the new "consistent" method of data assimilation.
C1 [Palmiotti, G.; Salvatores, M.; Hiruta, H.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Salvatores, M.] Commissariat Energie Atom, Drn Cadarache, France.
[Aliberti, G.; McKnight, R. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Herman, M.; Hoblit, S. D.; Oblozinsky, P.; Nobre, G. P. A.; Palumbo, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Nucl Data Ctr, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Talou, P.; Hale, G. M.; Kawano, T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Mattoon, C. M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Pigni, M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Yang, W. -S.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Palmiotti, G (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM pinopalm@sbcglobal.net
OI Yang, Won Sik/0000-0003-0734-6023
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy and Office of
Science, under DOE Idaho Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; Office
of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC.
FX Work at INL supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Energy and Office of Science, under DOE Idaho Operations Office
Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517. The work at BNL was sponsored by the Office
of Nuclear Physics, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with Brookhaven Science Associates,
LLC.
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SN 0090-3752
EI 1095-9904
J9 NUCL DATA SHEETS
JI Nucl. Data Sheets
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 596
EP 636
DI 10.1016/j.nds.2014.04.145
PG 41
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AY6WU
UT WOS:000347704400144
ER
PT J
AU Butland, G
Saini, A
Trotter, V
Price, M
He, J
Kuehl, J
Wetmore, K
Liu, N
Zane, G
Fels, S
Juba, T
Shatsky, M
Arkin, A
Chandonia, JM
Wall, J
Deutschbauer, A
AF Butland, Gareth
Saini, Avneesh
Trotter, Valentine
Price, Morgan
He, Jennifer
Kuehl, Jennifer
Wetmore, Kelly
Liu, Nancy
Zane, Grant
Fels, Samuel
Juba, Thomas
Shatsky, Maxim
Arkin, Adam
Chandonia, John-Marc
Wall, Judy
Deutschbauer, Adam
TI Novel aspects of iron sulfur cluster biosynthesis in sulfate reducing
bacteria
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Experimental Biology Meeting
CY APR 26-30, 2014
CL San Diego, CA
SP Cenveo, LI COR, Wiley, Mead Johnson Pediat Nutr Inst, IPRECIO, F1000 Res, Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut
C1 [Butland, Gareth; Saini, Avneesh; Trotter, Valentine; Price, Morgan; He, Jennifer; Kuehl, Jennifer; Wetmore, Kelly; Liu, Nancy; Shatsky, Maxim; Arkin, Adam; Chandonia, John-Marc; Deutschbauer, Adam] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zane, Grant; Fels, Samuel; Juba, Thomas; Wall, Judy] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA.
RI Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008
OI Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA 768.17
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0MP
UT WOS:000346646704195
ER
PT J
AU Cooper, P
Trego, K
Groesser, T
Parplys, A
Cmielova, J
Wiese, C
Sung, P
Campisi, J
AF Cooper, Priscilla
Trego, Kelly
Groesser, Torsten
Parplys, Ann
Cmielova, Jana
Wiese, Claudia
Sung, Patrick
Campisi, Judith
TI Repair pathway crosstalk in genome stability maintenance through
BRCA1/2-mediated homologous recombination
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Experimental Biology Meeting
CY APR 26-30, 2014
CL San Diego, CA
SP Cenveo, LI COR, Wiley, Mead Johnson Pediat Nutr Inst, IPRECIO, F1000 Res, Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut
C1 [Campisi, Judith] Buck Inst Res Aging, Novato, CA USA.
[Cooper, Priscilla; Trego, Kelly; Groesser, Torsten; Parplys, Ann; Cmielova, Jana; Wiese, Claudia; Campisi, Judith] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Life Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Sung, Patrick] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA 352.1
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0MP
UT WOS:000346646700454
ER
PT J
AU Haendel, M
Mungall, C
AF Haendel, Melissa
Mungall, Chris
TI Computing on the anatomical form for disease discovery
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Experimental Biology Meeting
CY APR 26-30, 2014
CL San Diego, CA
SP Cenveo, LI COR, Wiley, Mead Johnson Pediat Nutr Inst, IPRECIO, F1000 Res, Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut
C1 [Mungall, Chris] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, OR USA.
[Haendel, Melissa] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, DMICE, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA 338.1
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0MP
UT WOS:000346646700413
ER
PT J
AU Himmler, M
Bommineni, G
Metz, T
Tonge, P
Seeliger, J
AF Himmler, Megan
Bommineni, Gopal
Metz, Thomas
Tonge, Peter
Seeliger, Jessica
TI Elucidating biosynthesis of the outer membrane lipid phthiocerol
dimycocerosate by Mycobacterium tuberculosis PapA5
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Experimental Biology Meeting
CY APR 26-30, 2014
CL San Diego, CA
SP Cenveo, LI COR, Wiley, Mead Johnson Pediat Nutr Inst, IPRECIO, F1000 Res, Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut
C1 [Metz, Thomas] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Himmler, Megan; Bommineni, Gopal; Tonge, Peter; Seeliger, Jessica] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA 768.13
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0MP
UT WOS:000346646704192
ER
PT J
AU Marchetta, C
Hamner, H
AF Marchetta, Claire
Hamner, Heather
TI Blood folate concentrations among women of childbearing age by
race/ethnicity and acculturation, NHANES 2001-2010
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Experimental Biology Meeting
CY APR 26-30, 2014
CL San Diego, CA
SP Cenveo, LI COR, Wiley, Mead Johnson Pediat Nutr Inst, IPRECIO, F1000 Res, Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut
C1 [Marchetta, Claire; Hamner, Heather] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Marchetta, Claire] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA 130.5
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0MP
UT WOS:000346646700071
ER
PT J
AU Speed, C
Wiese, C
Parplys, A
Hatherill, JR
AF Speed, Clayton
Wiese, Claudia
Parplys, Ann
Hatherill, J. Robert
TI Investigating the role of DNA repair enzymes in DNA replication and
recombination
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Experimental Biology Meeting
CY APR 26-30, 2014
CL San Diego, CA
SP Cenveo, LI COR, Wiley, Mead Johnson Pediat Nutr Inst, IPRECIO, F1000 Res, Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut
C1 [Speed, Clayton; Hatherill, J. Robert] Del Mar Coll, Corpus Christi, TX 78404 USA.
[Wiese, Claudia; Parplys, Ann] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA 735.3
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0MP
UT WOS:000346646704049
ER
PT J
AU Sosnowska, A
Barycki, M
Jagiello, K
Haranczyk, M
Gajewicz, A
Kawai, T
Suzuki, N
Puzyn, T
AF Sosnowska, Anita
Barycki, Maciej
Jagiello, Karolina
Haranczyk, Maciej
Gajewicz, Agnieszka
Kawai, Toru
Suzuki, Noriyuki
Puzyn, Tomasz
TI Predicting enthalpy of vaporization for Persistent Organic Pollutants
with Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) incorporating
the influence of temperature on volatility
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Persistent Organic Pollutants; Enthalpy of vaporization; QSPR;
Temperature dependence; Quantum-mechanical descriptors
ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; RELATIONSHIP 3D-QSPR MODELS;
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; PARTITION-COEFFICIENT; DIPHENYL ETHERS;
VAPOR-PRESSURE; QSAR MODELS; DESCRIPTORS; VALIDATION; CONGENERS
AB Enthalpy of vaporization (Delta H-vap) is a thermodynamic property associated with the dispersal of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPS) in the environment. Common problem in the environmental risk assessment studies is the lack of experimentally measured Delta H-vap data. This problem can be solved by employing computational techniques, including QSPR (Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship) modelling to predict properties of interest. Majority of the published QSPR models can be applied to predict the enthalpy of vaporization of compounds from only one, particular group of POPs (i.e., polychlorinated biphenyls, PCBs). We have developed a more general QSPR model to estimate the Delta H-vap values for 1436 polychlorinated and polybrominated benzenes, biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, diphenyl ethers, and naphthalenes. The QSPR model developed with Multiple Linear Regression analysis was characterized by satisfactory goodness-of-fit, robustness and the external predictive performance (R-2 = 0.888, Q(CV)(2) = 0.878, Q(Ext)(2) = 0.842, RMSEC= w5.11, RMSECV = 5.34, RMSEP = 5.74). Moreover, we quantified the temperature dependencies of vapour pressure for twelve groups of POPs based on the predictions at six different temperatures (logP(L(T))). In addition, we found a simple arithmetic relationship between the logarithmic values of vapour pressure in pairs of chloro- and bromo-analogues. By employing this relationship it is possible to estimate logP(L(T)) for any brominated POP at any temperature utilizing only the logP(L(T)) value for its chlorinated analogues. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sosnowska, Anita; Barycki, Maciej; Jagiello, Karolina; Gajewicz, Agnieszka; Puzyn, Tomasz] Univ Gdansk, Fac Chem, Inst Environm & Human Hlth Protect, Lab Environm Chemometr, PL-80308 Gdansk, Poland.
[Haranczyk, Maciej] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kawai, Toru; Suzuki, Noriyuki] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Res Ctr Environm Risk, Exposure Assessment Res Sect, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
RP Puzyn, T (reprint author), Univ Gdansk, Fac Chem, Inst Environm & Human Hlth Protect, Lab Environm Chemometr, Ul Wita Stwosza 63, PL-80308 Gdansk, Poland.
EM t.puzyn@qsar.eu.org
RI Haranczyk, Maciej/A-6380-2014;
OI Haranczyk, Maciej/0000-0001-7146-9568; Puzyn, Tomasz/0000-0003-0449-8339
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); Polish Academy of
Science (PAN); Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education [DS
530-8180-D202-12]; Foundation for Polish Science (FOCUS Programme); U.
S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science of the
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
(JSPS) and the Polish Academy of Science (PAN) in frame of joint
project: "Developing QSPR-MM combined model to predict persistence and
long-range transport potential of PPCPs". The authors (A.S., M.B., K.J.,
A.G. and T.P.) thank to the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher
Education (grant no. DS 530-8180-D202-12) and the Foundation for Polish
Science (FOCUS 2010 Programme) for the financial support.; This research
was supported in part (to M.H.) by the U. S. Department of Energy under
contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. This research used resources of the National
Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the
Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 40
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 5
U2 24
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 87
BP 10
EP 18
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.12.036
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AY2QR
UT WOS:000347434900002
ER
PT J
AU Yan, F
Winijkul, E
Bond, TC
Streets, DG
AF Yan, Fang
Winijkul, Ekbordin
Bond, Tami C.
Streets, David G.
TI Global emission projections of particulate matter (PM): II. Uncertainty
analyses of on-road vehicle exhaust emissions
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Emission projection; On-road; Particulate matter (PM); Uncertainty
analysis; Monte Carlo simulations
ID AIR-QUALITY; AEROSOL EMISSIONS; BLACK CARBON; POLLUTANTS; MODEL; CHINA;
TRANSPORTATION; INVENTORIES; SENSITIVITY; POLLUTION
AB Estimates of future emissions are necessary for understanding the future health of the atmosphere, designing national and international strategies for air quality control, and evaluating mitigation policies. Emission inventories are uncertain and future projections even more so. thus it is important to quantify the uncertainty inherent in emission projections.
This paper is the second in a series that seeks to establish a more mechanistic understanding of future air pollutant emissions based on changes in technology. The first paper in this series (Yan et al., 2011) described a model that projects emissions based on dynamic changes of vehicle fleet, Speciated Pollutant Emission Wizard-Trend, or SPEW-Trend. In this paper, we explore the underlying uncertainties of global and regional exhaust PM emission projections from on-road vehicles in the coming decades using sensitivity analysis and Monte Carlo simulation.
This work examines the emission sensitivities due to uncertainties in retirement rate, timing of emission standards, transition rate of high-emitting vehicles called "superemitters", and emission factor degradation rate. It is concluded that global emissions are most sensitive to parameters in the retirement rate function. Monte Carlo simulations show that emission uncertainty caused by lack of knowledge about technology composition is comparable to the uncertainty demonstrated by alternative economic scenarios, especially during the period 2010-2030. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Yan, Fang; Winijkul, Ekbordin; Bond, Tami C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Yan, Fang; Streets, David G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Bond, TC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM yark@illinois.edu
RI Bond, Tami/A-1317-2013;
OI Bond, Tami/0000-0001-5968-8928; Yan, Fang/0000-0002-1960-0511
FU Clean Air Task Force; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [RD83428001];
US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign was funded by
the Clean Air Task Force, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
under grant RD83428001. Argonne National Laboratory is operated by
UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 with the US
Department of Energy.
NR 48
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 9
U2 22
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 87
BP 189
EP 199
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.01.045
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AY2QR
UT WOS:000347434900022
ER
PT J
AU Ansong, C
Nakayasu, E
Tempel, R
Heffron, F
Smith, R
Adkins, J
AF Ansong, Charles
Nakayasu, Ernesto
Tempel, Rebecca
Heffron, Fred
Smith, Richard
Adkins, Joshua
TI Elucidation of cellular signaling triggered by Francisella infection by
comparative phosphoproteomic analysis
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Nakayasu, Ernesto] Purdue Univ, Bindley Biosci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Tempel, Rebecca; Heffron, Fred] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Smith, Richard; Adkins, Joshua] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Ansong, Charles] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA 981.2
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0OG
UT WOS:000346651004147
ER
PT J
AU Demmer, E
Gertz, E
Rogers, T
Hillgonds, D
Garrod, M
Van Loan, M
AF Demmer, Elieke
Gertz, Erik
Rogers, Tara
Hillgonds, Darren
Garrod, Marge
Van Loan, Marta
TI Effect of dairy foods vs. calcium and vitamin-D supplements on bone
metabolism: use of 41Ca tracer
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Hillgonds, Darren] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
[Demmer, Elieke; Rogers, Tara] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Nutr Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Gertz, Erik; Garrod, Marge; Van Loan, Marta] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA 1018.12
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0OG
UT WOS:000346651000111
ER
PT J
AU Garcin, E
Seeger, F
Quintyn, R
Tanimoto, A
Williams, G
Tsutakawa, S
Wysocki, V
Tainer, J
AF Garcin, Elsa
Seeger, Franziska
Quintyn, Royston
Tanimoto, Akiko
Williams, Garrett
Tsutakawa, Susan
Wysocki, Vicki
Tainer, John
TI It takes two to tango: fine-tuning of soluble guanylate cyclase activity
via protein-protein interactions and conformational changes
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Williams, Garrett; Tsutakawa, Susan; Tainer, John] LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Quintyn, Royston; Tanimoto, Akiko; Wysocki, Vicki] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Garcin, Elsa; Seeger, Franziska] UMBC, Baltimore, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA 969.3
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0OG
UT WOS:000346651004091
ER
PT J
AU Sato, T
Parreiras, L
Ong, I
Avanasi, R
Zhang, YP
Higbee, A
Keating, D
Coon, J
Gasch, A
Landick, R
AF Sato, Trey
Parreiras, Lucas
Ong, Irene
Avanasi, Ragothaman
Zhang, Yaoping
Higbee, Alan
Keating, David
Coon, Joshua
Gasch, Audrey
Landick, Robert
TI Systems-level analysis of xylose fermentation by experimentally-evolved
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Landick, Robert] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
[Higbee, Alan; Coon, Joshua] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Sato, Trey; Parreiras, Lucas; Ong, Irene; Avanasi, Ragothaman; Zhang, Yaoping; Keating, David] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA.
[Gasch, Audrey] Univ Wisconsin, Genet Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 8
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA 981.4
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0OG
UT WOS:000346651004149
ER
PT J
AU Tsang, B
Cordero, A
Marchetta, C
Mulinare, J
Mersereau, P
Guo, J
Qi, YP
Berry, R
Rosenthal, J
Crider, K
Hamner, H
AF Tsang, Becky
Cordero, Amy
Marchetta, Claire
Mulinare, Joseph
Mersereau, Patricia
Guo, Jing
Qi, Yan Ping
Berry, Robert
Rosenthal, Jorge
Crider, Krista
Hamner, Heather
TI Assessing the association between the methylenetetrahydrofolate
reductase (MTHFR) 677C -> T polymorphism on blood folate concentrations:
a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials and observational
studies
SO FASEB JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Guo, Jing] Acentia, Falls Church, VA USA.
[Mulinare, Joseph; Mersereau, Patricia; Qi, Yan Ping] Carter Consulting, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Mulinare, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Cordero, Amy; Marchetta, Claire; Mersereau, Patricia; Guo, Jing; Qi, Yan Ping; Berry, Robert; Rosenthal, Jorge; Crider, Krista; Hamner, Heather] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Tsang, Becky; Marchetta, Claire; Qi, Yan Ping] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA
SN 0892-6638
EI 1530-6860
J9 FASEB J
JI Faseb J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 1
SU S
MA LB311
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics; Cell Biology
GA AX0OG
UT WOS:000346651004340
ER
PT J
AU Hannegan, B
AF Hannegan, Bryan
TI Energy Systems Integration: Innovative Solutions for an Integrated World
SO POWER
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Hannegan, Bryan] NREL, ESI, Golden, CO USA.
[Hannegan, Bryan] Elect Power Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA USA.
RP Hannegan, B (reprint author), NREL, ESI, Golden, CO USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TRADEFAIR GROUP
PI HOUSTON
PA 11000 RICHMOND, STE 500, HOUSTON, TX 77042 USA
SN 0032-5929
EI 1936-7791
J9 POWER
JI Power
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 158
IS 4
BP 92
EP 92
PG 1
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA AU5YD
UT WOS:000345678500018
ER
PT J
AU Beck, JB
Semple, JC
Brull, JM
Lance, SL
Phillips, MM
Hoot, SB
Meyer, GA
AF Beck, James B.
Semple, John C.
Brull, Justin M.
Lance, Stacey L.
Phillips, Mai M.
Hoot, Sara B.
Meyer, Gretchen A.
TI GENUS-WIDE MICROSATELLITE PRIMERS FOR THE GOLDENRODS (SOLIDAGO;
ASTERACEAE)
SO APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Asteraceae; Illumina sequencing; polyploidy; simple sequence repeat
(SSR) markers; Solidago
ID LOCI
AB Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed for studies of polyploid evolution, ecological genetics, conservation genetics, and species delimitation in the genus Solidago.
Methods and Results: Illumina sequencing of a shotgun library from S. gigantea identified ca. 1900 putative single-copy loci. Fourteen loci were subsequently shown to be amplifiable, single-copy, and variable in a broad range of Solidago species.
Conclusions: The utility of these markers both across the genus and in herbarium specimens of a wide age range will facilitate numerous inter-and intraspecific studies in the ca. 120 Solidago species.
C1 [Beck, James B.; Brull, Justin M.] Wichita State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Wichita, KS 67260 USA.
[Semple, John C.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON NL2 3G1, Canada.
[Lance, Stacey L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
[Phillips, Mai M.] Univ Wisconsin, Conservat & Environm Sci Program, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Hoot, Sara B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Meyer, Gretchen A.] Univ Wisconsin Milwaukee, Field Stn, Saukville, WI 53080 USA.
RP Beck, JB (reprint author), Wichita State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 537 Hubbard Hall, Wichita, KS 67260 USA.
EM james.beck@wichita.edu
RI Lance, Stacey/K-9203-2013
OI Lance, Stacey/0000-0003-2686-1733
FU University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Research Growth Initiative Grant;
Wichita State University (WSU) Department of Biological Sciences;
Undergraduate Student Research Grant - WSU Honor's Program; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506]
FX The authors thank the curators of WAT, TENN, DUKE, and MO for permission
to sample from herbarium specimens. This work was supported by a
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Research Growth Initiative Grant, the
Wichita State University (WSU) Department of Biological Sciences, and by
an Undergraduate Student Research Grant awarded by the WSU Honor's
Program. Manuscript preparation was partially supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy under award no. DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University
of Georgia Research Foundation.
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 9
PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA
SN 2168-0450
J9 APPL PLANT SCI
JI Appl. Plant Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 4
AR 1300093
DI 10.3732/apps.1300093
PG 4
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AQ1RU
UT WOS:000342559500004
ER
PT J
AU Triamnak, N
Brennecka, GL
Brown-Shaklee, HJ
Rodriguez, MA
Cann, DP
AF Triamnak, Narit
Brennecka, Geoff L.
Brown-Shaklee, Harlan J.
Rodriguez, Mark A.
Cann, David P.
TI Phase formation of BaTiO3-Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O-3 perovskite ceramics
SO JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN
LA English
DT Article
DE Phase evolution; Relaxor; Diffraction; Perovskite
ID PIEZOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; TEMPERATURE; TRANSFORMATION;
EVOLUTION; RELAXOR; OXIDES; BI2O3
AB Materials based on BiMO3-modified BaTiO3 have been shown to exhibit a number of attractive electrical and electromechanical properties. In addition, many of the materials in this broad family exhibit reduced sintering temperatures for densification as compared to pure BaTiO3. We report here a study of the phase evolution and sintering behavior of Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O-3-modified BaTiO3 materials from low-cost mixed oxide/carbonate precursor powders. By accelerating the reaction of the BaCO3 species and increasing the diffusion kinetics associated with densification, Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O-3 additions reduce the calcination and sintering temperatures by similar to 200 degrees C compared to unmodified BaTiO3. This system provides an example of the important and often overlooked role of additives in the calcination, phase evolution, and densification processes, and provides insight into mechanisms that may be further exploited in this and other important materials systems. We are quite honored to have the opportunity to publish in a special issue dedicated to the life and work of our dear late colleague Prof. Marija Kosec. The topic of this paper is fitting as well, since the work was in large part directly inspired by her work on the importance of reactions and intermediate phases in the alkali niobate systems(1)-4)) and heavily informed by her work on the Pb-based perovskites.(5),6)) Marija appreciated better than most the importance of careful processing in the formation of fine ceramics, and the global ceramics community is grateful to her for all of the lessons that she taught us-and through her papers and her students, continues to teach us. (C) 2014 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.
C1 [Triamnak, Narit; Cann, David P.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Brennecka, Geoff L.; Brown-Shaklee, Harlan J.; Rodriguez, Mark A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Sci & Engn Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Brennecka, GL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Mat Sci & Engn Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM glbrenn@sandia.gov
RI Brennecka, Geoff/J-9367-2012
OI Brennecka, Geoff/0000-0002-4476-7655
FU Department of Energy's Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy
Reliability; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors would like to thank James Griego, Tom Chavez, and Mia
Blea-Kirby of Sandia National Laboratories for assistance with sample
preparation and characterization. The authors gratefully acknowledge the
support of Dr. Imre Gyuk and the Department of Energy's Office of
Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability. Sandia National
Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia
Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation,
for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 25
PU CERAMIC SOC JAPAN-NIPPON SERAMIKKUSU KYOKAI
PI TOKYO
PA 22-17, HYAKUNIN-CHO 2-CHOME, SHINJUKU-KU, TOKYO, 169-0073, JAPAN
SN 1882-0743
EI 1348-6535
J9 J CERAM SOC JPN
JI J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 122
IS 1424
BP 260
EP 266
DI 10.2109/jcersj2.122.260
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA AP4QY
UT WOS:000342064500007
ER
PT J
AU Dreicer, M
Pregenzer, A
AF Dreicer, Mona
Pregenzer, Arian
TI Nuclear Arms Control, Nonproliferation, and Counterterrorism: Impacts on
Public Health
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
AB Reducing the risks of nuclear war, limiting the spread of nuclear weapons, and reducing global nuclear weapons stockpiles are key national and international security goals. They are pursued through a variety of international arms control, nonproliferation, and counterterrorism treaties and agreements.
These legally binding and political commitments, together with the institutional infrastructure that supports them, work to establish global norms of behavior and have limited the spread of weapons of mass destruction.
Beyond the primary security objectives, reducing the likelihood of the use of nuclear weapons, preventing environmental releases of radioactive material, increasing the availability of safe and secure nuclear technology for peaceful purposes, and providing scientific data relevant to predicting and managing the consequences of natural or human-caused disasters worldwide provide significant benefits to global public health.
C1 [Dreicer, Mona] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Pregenzer, Arian] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Dreicer, M (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM dreicer1@llnl.gov
FU Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344,
LLNL-JRNL-608996]
FX Prepared by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344. LLNL-JRNL-608996.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 8
PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA
SN 0090-0036
EI 1541-0048
J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH
JI Am. J. Public Health
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 4
BP 591
EP 595
DI 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301665
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA AP0XI
UT WOS:000341789200026
PM 24524501
ER
PT J
AU Liu, J
Yu, Z
Qin, H
AF Liu, Jian
Yu, Zhi
Qin, Hong
TI A Nonlinear PIC Algorithm for High Frequency Waves in Magnetized Plasmas
Based on Gyrocenter Gauge Kinetic Theory
SO COMMUNICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Conference on Computational Physics
CY JAN 07-11, 2013
CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE Gyrocenter gauge kinetics; multi-scale problem; nonlinear system;
particle-in-cell
ID GYROKINETIC THEORY; CURRENT DRIVE
AB Numerical methods based on gyrocenter gauge kinetic theory are suitable for first principle simulations of high frequency waves in magnetized plasmas. The delta f gyrocenter gauge PIC simulation for linear rf wave has been previously realized. In this paper we further develop a full-f nonlinear PIC algorithm appropriate for the nonlinear physics of high frequency waves in magnetized plasmas. Numerical cases of linear rf waves are calculated as a benchmark for the nonlinear GyroGauge code, meanwhile nonlinear rf-wave phenomena are studied. The technique and advantage of the reduction of the numerical noise in this full-f gyrocenter gauge PIC algorithm are also discussed.
C1 [Liu, Jian; Qin, Hong] Univ Sci & Technol China, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Adv Fusion Energy & Plasma, Dept Modern Phys, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Jian; Yu, Zhi] Univ Sci & Technol China, Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Geospace Environm, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Yu, Zhi] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Theory & Simulat Div, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Qin, Hong] Princeton Univ, Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Yu, Z (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Theory & Simulat Div, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China.
EM jliuphy@ustc.edu.cn; yuzhi@ipp.ac.cn; hongqin@ustc.edu.cn
OI Liu, Jian/0000-0001-7484-401X
FU ITER-China Program [2013GB111000, 2013GB112005, 2014GB124005];
JSPS-NRF-NSFC A3 Foresight Program [NSFC-11261140328]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [NSFC-11305171, NSFC-11105065]; Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK2030020022]; China
Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2013M530296]; CAS Program for
Interdisciplinary Collaboration Team
FX This research is supported by ITER-China Program (2013GB111000,
2013GB112005, and 2014GB124005), the JSPS-NRF-NSFC A3 Foresight Program
in the field of Plasma Physics (NSFC-11261140328), the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (NSFC-11305171, NSFC-11105065), the
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2030020022),
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2013M530296), and the CAS Program
for Interdisciplinary Collaboration Team.
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 18
PU GLOBAL SCIENCE PRESS
PI WANCHAI
PA ROOM 3208, CENTRAL PLAZA, 18 HARBOUR RD, WANCHAI, HONG KONG 00000,
PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1815-2406
EI 1991-7120
J9 COMMUN COMPUT PHYS
JI Commun. Comput. Phys.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 4
BP 1167
EP 1183
DI 10.4208/cicp.150313.051213s
PG 17
WC Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA AN7LI
UT WOS:000340781300017
ER
PT J
AU Kurt, TD
Bett, C
Fernandez-Borges, N
Jiang, L
Joshi-Barr, S
Hornemann, S
Rulicke, T
Eisenberg, D
Castilla, J
Wuthrich, K
Aguzzi, A
Sigurdson, CJ
AF Kurt, Timothy D.
Bett, Cyrus
Fernandez-Borges, Natalia
Jiang, Lin
Joshi-Barr, Shivanjali
Hornemann, Simone
Ruelicke, Thomas
Eisenberg, David
Castilla, Joaquin
Wuethrich, Kurt
Aguzzi, Adriano
Sigurdson, Christina J.
TI A proposed mechanism for the promotion of prion conversion involving a
strictly conserved tyrosine residue in the beta 2-alpha 2 loop of PrPC
SO PRION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Kurt, Timothy D.; Bett, Cyrus; Joshi-Barr, Shivanjali; Sigurdson, Christina J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pathol, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Fernandez-Borges, Natalia; Castilla, Joaquin] Parque Tecnol Bizkaia, CIC BioGUNE, Derio, Spain.
[Jiang, Lin; Eisenberg, David] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Jiang, Lin; Eisenberg, David] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Howard Hughes Med Inst, UCLA DOE Inst Genom & Prote, Dept & Biol Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Hornemann, Simone; Wuethrich, Kurt] ETH, Inst Mol Biol & Biophys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Ruelicke, Thomas] Inst Lab Anim Sci & Biomodels, Vienna, Austria.
[Ruelicke, Thomas] Univ Vet Med Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
[Castilla, Joaquin] Basque Fdn Sci, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao, Spain.
[Wuethrich, Kurt] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Wuethrich, Kurt] Scripps Res Inst, Skaggs Inst Chem Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Hornemann, Simone; Aguzzi, Adriano] Univ Spital Zurich, Inst Neuropathol, Zurich, Switzerland.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE
PI AUSTIN
PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA
SN 1933-6896
EI 1933-690X
J9 PRION
JI Prion
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 8
SU S
MA P.64
BP 53
EP 53
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AN5FD
UT WOS:000340614900119
ER
PT J
AU Carney, LT
Reinsch, SS
Lane, PD
Solberg, OD
Jansen, LS
Williams, KP
Trent, JD
Lane, TW
AF Carney, Laura T.
Reinsch, Sigrid S.
Lane, Pamela D.
Solberg, Owen D.
Jansen, Lara S.
Williams, Kelly P.
Trent, Jonathan D.
Lane, Todd W.
TI Microbiome analysis of a microalgal mass culture growing in municipal
wastewater in a prototype OMEGA photobioreactor
SO ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Photobioreactor; Microbiome; Second generation sequencing; Algal
pathogens; Biocontaminant
ID DIVERSITY; ALGAE; BACTERIA; GROWTH; RDNA; QUANTIFICATION;
IDENTIFICATION; ENVIRONMENT; ASSOCIATION; COMMUNITIES
AB Large-scale cultivation of microalgae for biofuels may avoid competing for agriculture, water, and fertilizer by using wastewater and avoid competing for land by using the Offshore Membrane Enclosures for Growing Algae (OMEGA) system. Some microalgae thrive in wastewater; however, wastewater also contains a complex mixture of organisms. An algae culture in wastewater from a San Francisco Treatment Facility in a 1600-L OMEGA culture system was monitored by standard methods. Prima facie evidence of a chytrid infection prompted a detailed investigation of the microbiome over a 13-day period using second generation sequencing of hypervariable regions of the small subunit rRNA genes. The observed bacteria, initially dominated by.-proteobacteria, shifted to Cytophagia, Flavobacteriia, and Sphingobacteriia after addition of exogenous nutrients. The dominant algae genera introduced with the inoculum, Desmodesmus and Scenedesmus, remained over 70% of the sequence reads on day 13, although the optical density and fluorescence of the culture declined. Nonalgal eukarya, initially dominated by unclassified alveolates, chrysophytes, and heliozoan grazers, shifted to chytrid fungi on day 5 and continued to day 13. The results of this microbiome analysis can facilitate the development of probe or primer based surveillance systems for routine monitoring of large-scale microalgae cultures. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Carney, Laura T.; Lane, Pamela D.; Solberg, Owen D.; Jansen, Lara S.; Williams, Kelly P.; Lane, Todd W.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Reinsch, Sigrid S.; Trent, Jonathan D.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Lane, TW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 969,MS 9292, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM twlane@sandia.gov
OI Lane, Todd/0000-0002-5816-2649
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Biomass Program of the Office of Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy U.S. Department of Energy [NL0022897]; NASA;
California Energy Commission
FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and
operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed
Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Microbiome
analysis carried out at Sandia National Laboratories was supported by
the Biomass Program of the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy U.S. Department of Energy under Award #NL0022897. We thank the
OMEGA team for technical support, especially Sasha Tozzi, John
Malinowski, Hiromi Kagawa, Tsegereda Embaye, Kit Clark, Linden Harris,
Patrick Wiley, John Rask, Rus Adams, Zach Hall and the staff at the San
Francisco Southeast Wastewater Treatment Plant. We acknowledge Heather
McDonald for editorial assistance. The OMEGA project was funded by NASA
and the California Energy Commission.
NR 64
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 65
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2211-9264
J9 ALGAL RES
JI Algal Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
BP 52
EP 61
DI 10.1016/j.algal.2013.11.006
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA AM6MP
UT WOS:000339979600008
ER
PT J
AU Okumura, JE
Ihara, Y
Doi, M
Morokuma, T
Pain, R
Totani, T
Barbary, K
Takanashi, N
Yasuda, N
Aldering, G
Dawson, K
Goldhaber, G
Hook, I
Lidman, C
Perlmutter, S
Spadafora, A
Suzuki, N
Wang, LF
AF Okumura, Jun E.
Ihara, Yutaka
Doi, Mamoru
Morokuma, Tomoki
Pain, Reynald
Totani, Tomonori
Barbary, Kyle
Takanashi, Naohiro
Yasuda, Naoki
Aldering, Greg
Dawson, Kyle
Goldhaber, Gerson
Hook, Isobel
Lidman, Chris
Perlmutter, Saul
Spadafora, Anthony
Suzuki, Nao
Wang, Lifan
TI The Type Ia supernovae rate with Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: evolution; surveys; stars: evolution; stars: statistics;
stars: supernovae: general
ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; HIGH-REDSHIFT SUPERNOVAE;
DELAY-TIME DISTRIBUTION; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDE DISTRIBUTIONS; CORE-COLLAPSE
SUPERNOVAE; DARK-ENERGY CONSTRAINTS; STAR-FORMATION HISTORY; II-P
SUPERNOVAE; LEGACY SURVEY
AB We present measurements of the rates of high-redshift Type Ia supernovae derived from the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS). We carried out repeated deep imaging observations with Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope, and detected 1040 variable objects over 0.918 deg(2) in the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field. From the imaging observations, light curves in the observed i band are constructed for all objects, and we fit the observed light curves with template light curves. Out of the 1040 variable objects detected by the SXDS, 39 objects over the redshift range 0.2 < z < 1.4 are classified as Type Ia supernovae using the light curves. These are among the most distant SN Ia rate measurements to date. We find that the Type Ia supernova rates increase up to z similar to 0.8 and may then flatten at higher redshift. The rates can be fitted by a simple power law, r(V)(z) = r(0)(1 + z)(alpha) with r(0) = 0.20(0.16)(+0.52)(stat.)(0.07)(+0.26)(syst.) x 10(-4) yr(-1) Mpc(-3), and alpha = 2.04(-1.96)(+1.84) (stat.)(-0.86)(+2.11)(syst.).
C1 [Okumura, Jun E.; Totani, Tomonori] Kyoto Univ, Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
[Ihara, Yutaka; Doi, Mamoru; Morokuma, Tomoki] Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan.
[Ihara, Yutaka] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Doi, Mamoru] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Res Ctr Early Universe, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Pain, Reynald] CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Phys Nucl & Haute Energies Paris, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Pain, Reynald] Univ Paris VI & VII, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Barbary, Kyle; Perlmutter, Saul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Barbary, Kyle; Aldering, Greg; Dawson, Kyle; Goldhaber, Gerson; Perlmutter, Saul; Spadafora, Anthony] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Takanashi, Naohiro] Univ Tokyo, Execut Management Program, Ito Int Res Ctr, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Yasuda, Naoki; Suzuki, Nao] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778568, Japan.
[Dawson, Kyle] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Hook, Isobel] Univ Oxford Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Hook, Isobel] Osserv Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, RM, Italy.
[Lidman, Chris] Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia.
[Wang, Lifan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Okumura, JE (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
EM okumura@kusastro.kyoto-u.ac.jp
RI Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015;
OI Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661; Hook, Isobel/0000-0002-2960-978X
FU Ministry of Education, Science, Culture, and Sports, Science and
Technology (MEXT) of Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
(JSPS); Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy and Nuclear
Physics; Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, of the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-92ER40704, DE-AC02-05CH11231,
DE-FG02-06ER06-04]
FX We would like to thank the Subaru Telescope staff for their invaluable
assistance. This work was supported in part with scientific research
grants from the Ministry of Education, Science, Culture, and Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan, and by the Grant-in-Aid for the
Global COE Program "The Next Generation of Physics, Spun from
Universality and Emergence" from MEXT. J.O., Y.I., and T. M. have been
financially supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
(JSPS) through the JSPS Research Fellowship. This work was also
supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High
Energy and Nuclear Physics, and the Office of Advanced Scientific
Computing Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under
Contract Nos. DE-FG02-92ER40704, DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-FG02-06ER06-04,
and DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 118
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6264
EI 2053-051X
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC JPN
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 66
IS 2
AR 49
DI 10.1093/pasj/psu024
PG 23
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AL8YZ
UT WOS:000339427200025
ER
PT J
AU Keyvanloo, K
Mardkhe, MK
Alam, TM
Bartholomew, CH
Woodfield, BF
Hecker, WC
AF Keyvanloo, Kamyar
Mardkhe, Maryam Khosravi
Alam, Todd M.
Bartholomew, Calvin H.
Woodfield, Brian F.
Hecker, William C.
TI Supported Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst: Superior Activity and Stability
Using a Thermally Stable Silica-Doped Alumina Support
SO ACS CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fischer-Tropsch; supported iron catalyst; silica-doped alumina; stable;
active
ID COBALT CATALYSTS; CARBON NANOTUBES; CO HYDROGENATION; SLURRY REACTOR;
SELECTIVITY; PHASE; DEACTIVATION; PERFORMANCE; DESIGN; BINDER
AB Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a technically proven and economically viable route for the conversion of coal, biomass, and natural gas to hydrocarbon fuels. Although unsupported Fe catalysts are proven for FTS, they lack the physical strength and durability that would make them more viable for large-scale commercial reactors, and their activity is still significantly less than that of Co FT catalysts. In this work, we report on a very active and stable supported Fe FT catalyst that is more active than any supported Fe FT catalyst previously reported and competitive with the best unsupported catalysts. In addition, its productivity, which takes into account selectivity to desired hydrocarbon products, is also very competitive. More importantly, the catalyst is extremely stable, as evidenced by the fact that after 700 h on stream, its activity and productivity are still increasing. These catalyst properties result from using a novel gamma-alumina support material doped with silica and pretreated at 1100 degrees C. This unique support has high pore volume, large pore diameter, and unusually high thermal stability. The ability to pretreat this support at 1100 degrees C enables preparation of a material having a low number of acid sites and weak metal oxide-support interactions, all desirable properties for an FT catalyst. These results demonstrate that the surface chemistry of the support material plays a crucial role in the design of an active and stable supported Fe FT catalyst.
C1 [Keyvanloo, Kamyar; Bartholomew, Calvin H.; Hecker, William C.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Mardkhe, Maryam Khosravi; Woodfield, Brian F.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Alam, Todd M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Elect Opt & Nanostruct Mat, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Hecker, WC (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
EM hecker@byu.edu
FU Brigham Young University Fischer-Tropsch Consortium; University of
Wyoming Clean Coal Technologies program; U.S. Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The financial support for this work was provided by members of the
Brigham Young University Fischer-Tropsch Consortium and the University
of Wyoming Clean Coal Technologies program. Appreciation is expressed to
Michael Albretson, Dane Bennion, Brad Chandler, Phillip Childs, Logan
Clark, Grant Harper, Jonathon Horton, and McCallin Fisher of the Brigham
Young University Catalysis Group for technical assistance in this work.
The solid state NMR was performed at Sandia National Laboratories (TMA)
which is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia
Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation,
for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 47
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 7
U2 69
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2155-5435
J9 ACS CATAL
JI ACS Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
BP 1071
EP 1077
DI 10.1021/cs401242d
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AL0HD
UT WOS:000338807100004
ER
PT J
AU Sun, J
Wang, Y
AF Sun, Junming
Wang, Yong
TI Recent Advances in Catalytic Conversion of Ethanol to Chemicals
SO ACS CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Review
DE ethanol; catalyst; ethylene; isobutene; 1-butanol; hydrogen; oxygenates;
gasoline
ID PHOSPHATE HYDROXYAPATITE CATALYSTS; SUPPORTED COBALT CATALYSTS; ZNXZRYOZ
MIXED OXIDES; SOLID ACID CATALYSTS; ZSM-5 ZEOLITES; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION;
BIO-ETHANOL; AQUEOUS-ETHANOL; ETHYL-ACETATE; N-BUTANOL
AB With increased availability and decreased cost, ethanol is potentially a promising platform molecule for the production of a variety of value-added chemicals. In this review, we provide a detailed summary of recent advances in catalytic conversion of ethanol to a wide range of chemicals and fuels. We particularly focus on catalyst advances and fundamental understanding of reaction mechanisms involved in ethanol steam reforming (ESR) to produce hydrogen, ethanol conversion to hydrocarbons ranging from light olefins to longer chain alkenes/alkanes and aromatics, and ethanol conversion to other oxygenates including 1-butanol, acetaldehyde, acetone, diethyl ether, and ethyl acetate.
C1 [Sun, Junming; Wang, Yong] Washington State Univ, Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99163 USA.
[Wang, Yong] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99163 USA.
EM yong.wang@pnnl.gov
RI Sun, Junming/B-3019-2011
OI Sun, Junming/0000-0002-0071-9635
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences
FX We acknowledge the financial support from the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences. We also thank Rebecca Long (WSU) for the
helpful discussions.
NR 148
TC 87
Z9 90
U1 44
U2 233
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2155-5435
J9 ACS CATAL
JI ACS Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
BP 1078
EP 1090
DI 10.1021/cs4011343
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AL0HD
UT WOS:000338807100005
ER
PT J
AU Schweitzer, NM
Hu, B
Das, U
Kim, H
Greeley, J
Curtiss, LA
Stair, PC
Miller, JT
Hock, AS
AF Schweitzer, Neil M.
Hu, Bo
Das, Ujjal
Kim, Hacksung
Greeley, Jeffrey
Curtiss, Larry A.
Stair, Peter C.
Miller, Jeffrey T.
Hock, Adam S.
TI Propylene Hydrogenation and Propane Dehydrogenation by a Single-Site
Zn2+ on Silica Catalyst
SO ACS CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE single-site catalysts; propane dehydrogenation; propylene hydrogenation;
heterogeneous Zn catalysis; Lewis Acid hydrogenation/dehydrogenation
catalysis
ID HIGH SURFACE-AREA; C-H ACTIVATION; ZINC-OXIDE; REVERSIBLE
1,2-RH-ELIMINATION; HYDROCARBON ACTIVATION; MONOMOLECULAR CRACKING;
COMPLEXES; ETHYLENE; ZEOLITES; MECHANISM
AB This study reports the highly selective (more than 95%) dehydrogenation of propane to propylene as well as the reverse hydrogenation reaction by silica-supported single-site Zn(II) catalyst. The catalyst is thermally stable at dehydrogenation temperature (550 degrees C and above), and catalytic byproducts are small. In situ UV-resonance Raman, XANES, and EXAFS spectra reveal that tetrahedrally coordinated Zn(II) ions are chemisorbed into the strained three-membered siloxane rings on the amorphous silica surface. Under reaction conditions, the Zn(II) ion loses one Zn-O bond, resulting in a coordinatively unsaturated, 3-coordinate active center. The infrared spectrum of adsorbed pyridine indicates that these are Lewis acid sites. Theoretical calculations based on hybrid density functional theory suggest that the catalyst activates H-H and C-H bonds by a nonredox (metal) mechanism consisting of heterolytic cleavage of C-H bonds, in contrast with the homolytic mechanisms such as oxidative addition/reductive elimination pathways. The computed minority catalytic pathway consists of undesired C-C bond cleavage at Zn(II) site, follows a slightly different mechanism, and has a significantly higher activation energy barrier. These mechanisms are consistent with the high olefin selectivity observed for single-site Zn(II) on SiO2.
C1 [Schweitzer, Neil M.; Hu, Bo; Das, Ujjal; Kim, Hacksung; Greeley, Jeffrey; Curtiss, Larry A.; Stair, Peter C.; Miller, Jeffrey T.; Hock, Adam S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Kim, Hacksung; Stair, Peter C.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Hu, Bo; Hock, Adam S.] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
RP Miller, JT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM millerjt@anl.gov; ahock@iit.edu
RI BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011; Hock, Adam/D-7660-2012
OI Hock, Adam/0000-0003-1440-1473
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical
Sciences [DE-AC-02-06CH11357]; Illinois Institute of Technology; DOE
Early Career Award of the Chemical Sciences Division, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The work at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences
under Contract DE-AC-02-06CH11357. B.H. and A.S.H. thank the Illinois
Institute of Technology for a Starr-Fieldhouse Fellowship (B.H.) and
startup funding support. J.G. acknowledges support through a DOE Early
Career Award of the Chemical Sciences Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. Use of the
Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract
DE-AC02-06CH11357. Materials Research Collaborative Access Team (MRCAT,
Sector 10-BM) operations are supported by the Department of Energy and
the MRCAT member institutions.
NR 46
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 19
U2 114
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2155-5435
J9 ACS CATAL
JI ACS Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
BP 1091
EP 1098
DI 10.1021/cs401116p
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AL0HD
UT WOS:000338807100006
ER
PT J
AU Alia, SM
Larsen, BA
Pylypenko, S
Cullen, DA
Diercks, DR
Neyerlin, KC
Kocha, SS
Pivovar, BS
AF Alia, Shaun M.
Larsen, Brian A.
Pylypenko, Svitlana
Cullen, David A.
Diercks, David R.
Neyerlin, K. C.
Kocha, Shyam S.
Pivovar, Bryan S.
TI Platinum-Coated Nickel Nanowires as Oxygen-Reducing Electrocatalysts
SO ACS CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE oxygen reduction reaction; fuel cells; electrochemistry; galvanic
displacement; electrocatalysis
ID REDUCTION REACTION ELECTROCATALYSTS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; ALLOY
CATALYSTS; NANOTUBES; PT3NI; NANOPARTICLES; SEGREGATION; PEMFCS; AREA
AB Platinum (Pt)-coated nickel (Ni) nanowires (PtNiNWs) are synthesized by the partial spontaneous galvanic displacement of NiNWs, with a diameter of 150-250 nm and a length of 100-200 mu m. PtNiNWs are electrochemically characterized for oxygen reduction (ORR) in rotating disk electrode half-cells with an acidic electrolyte and compared to carbon-supported Pt (Pt/HSC) and a polycrystalline Pt electrode. Like other extended surface catalysts, the nanowire morphology yields significant gains in ORR specific activity compared to Pt/HSC. Unlike other extended surface approaches, the resultant materials have yielded exceptionally high surface areas, greater than 90 m(2) g(Pt)(-1). These studies have found that reducing the level of Pt displacement increases Pt surface area and ORR mass activity. PtNiNWs produce a peak mass activity of 917 mA mg(Pt)(-1), 3.0 times greater than Pt/HSC and 2.1 times greater than the U.S. Department of Energy target for proton-exchange membrane fuel cell activity.
C1 [Alia, Shaun M.; Larsen, Brian A.; Neyerlin, K. C.; Kocha, Shyam S.; Pivovar, Bryan S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Pylypenko, Svitlana; Diercks, David R.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Cullen, David A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Pivovar, BS (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM bryan.pivovar@nrel.gov
RI Cullen, David/A-2918-2015
OI Cullen, David/0000-0002-2593-7866
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]
FX Financial support is provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, through contract no.
DE-AC36-08GO28308 to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
NR 35
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 21
U2 117
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2155-5435
J9 ACS CATAL
JI ACS Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
BP 1114
EP 1119
DI 10.1021/cs401081w
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AL0HD
UT WOS:000338807100009
ER
PT J
AU Darmon, JM
Raugei, S
Liu, TB
Hulley, EB
Weiss, CJ
Bullock, RM
Helm, ML
AF Darmon, Jonathan M.
Raugei, Simone
Liu, Tianbiao
Hulley, Elliott B.
Weiss, Charles J.
Bullock, R. Morris
Helm, Monte L.
TI Iron Complexes for the Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Hydrogen: Tuning
Primary and Secondary Coordination Spheres
SO ACS CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE iron; electrocatalyst; hydrogen oxidation; proton relay; diphosphine;
piano-stool
ID PENDANT AMINES; MOLECULAR ELECTROCATALYST; HETEROLYTIC CLEAVAGE;
ABUNDANT METALS; RECENT PROGRESS; PROTON RELAYS; HYDRIDE; CATALYSTS;
ENERGY; MODEL
AB A series of iron hydride complexes featuring p(R)N(R')p(R) (p(R)N(R')p(R) = R2PCH2N(R')CH2PR2 where R = Ph, R' = Me; R = Et, R' = Ph, Bn, Me, Bu-t) and cyclopentadienide (Cp-X = C5H4X where X = H, C5F4N) ligands has been synthesized; characterized by NMR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and cyclic voltammetry; and examined by quantum chemistry calculations. Each compound was tested for the electrocatalytic oxidation of H-2, and the most active complex, (Cp-C5F4N)Fe((PNPEt)-N-Et-P-Me)(H), exhibited a turnover frequency of 8.6 s(-1) at 1 atm of H-2 with an overpotential of 0.41 V, as measured at the potential at half of the catalytic current and using N-methylpyrrolidine as the exogenous base to remove protons. Control complexes that do not contain pendant amine groups were also prepared and characterized, but no catalysis was observed. The rate-limiting steps during catalysis are identified through combined experimental and computational studies as the intramolecular deprotonation of the Fe-III hydride by the pendant amine and the subsequent deprotonation by an exogenous base.
C1 [Darmon, Jonathan M.; Raugei, Simone; Liu, Tianbiao; Hulley, Elliott B.; Weiss, Charles J.; Bullock, R. Morris; Helm, Monte L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ctr Mol Electrocatalysis, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Helm, ML (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Ctr Mol Electrocatalysis, Div Phys Sci, POB 999,K2-57, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM monte.helm@pnnl.gov
RI Bullock, R. Morris/L-6802-2016
OI Bullock, R. Morris/0000-0001-6306-4851
FU Center for Molecular Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research
Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences
FX This research was supported as part of the Center for Molecular
Electrocatalysis, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle
for the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 55
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 4
U2 36
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2155-5435
J9 ACS CATAL
JI ACS Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
BP 1246
EP 1260
DI 10.1021/cs500290w
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AL0HD
UT WOS:000338807100026
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, DJ
Kicklighter, DW
McGuire, AD
Chen, M
Zhuang, QL
Yuan, FM
Melillo, JM
Wullschleger, SD
AF Hayes, Daniel J.
Kicklighter, David W.
McGuire, A. David
Chen, Min
Zhuang, Qianlai
Yuan, Fengming
Melillo, Jerry M.
Wullschleger, Stan D.
TI The impacts of recent permafrost thaw on land-atmosphere greenhouse gas
exchange
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE permafrost; carbon; arctic; boreal; modeling
ID INTERNATIONAL POLAR YEAR; HIGH-LATITUDE ECOSYSTEMS; NET PRIMARY
PRODUCTION; SOIL THERMAL DYNAMICS; CARBON RELEASE; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; ALASKAN TUNDRA; SEQUESTRATION; VULNERABILITY
AB Permafrost thaw and the subsequent mobilization of carbon (C) stored in previously frozen soil organic matter (SOM) have the potential to be a strong positive feedback to climate. As the northern permafrost region experiences as much as a doubling of the rate of warming as the rest of the Earth, the vast amount of C in permafrost soils is vulnerable to thaw, decomposition and release as atmospheric greenhouse gases. Diagnostic and predictive estimates of high-latitude terrestrial C fluxes vary widely among different models depending on how dynamics in permafrost, and the seasonally thawed 'active layer' above it, are represented. Here, we employ a process-based model simulation experiment to assess the net effect of active layer dynamics on this 'permafrost carbon feedback' in recent decades, from 1970 to 2006, over the circumpolar domain of continuous and discontinuous permafrost. Over this time period, the model estimates a mean increase of 6.8 cm in active layer thickness across the domain, which exposes a total of 11.6 Pg C of thawed SOM to decomposition. According to our simulation experiment, mobilization of this previously frozen C results in an estimated cumulative net source of 3.7 Pg C to the atmosphere since 1970 directly tied to active layer dynamics. Enhanced decomposition from the newly exposed SOM accounts for the release of both CO2 (4.0 Pg C) and CH4 (0.03 Pg C), but is partially compensated by CO2 uptake (0.3 Pg C) associated with enhanced net primary production of vegetation. This estimated net C transfer to the atmosphere from permafrost thaw represents a significant factor in the overall ecosystem carbon budget of the Pan-Arctic, and a non-trivial additional contribution on top of the combined fossil fuel emissions from the eight Arctic nations over this time period.
C1 [Hayes, Daniel J.; Yuan, Fengming; Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Hayes, Daniel J.; Yuan, Fengming; Wullschleger, Stan D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kicklighter, David W.; Melillo, Jerry M.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[McGuire, A. David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Chen, Min; Zhuang, Qianlai] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Hayes, DJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM hayesdj@ornl.gov
RI Zhuang, Qianlai/A-5670-2009; Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012
OI Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446
FU National Science Foundation's Arctic System Science Program [NSF
OPP-0531047]; Department of Energy (DOE) Early Career Award (DOE-BER)
[3ERKP818]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration's New
Investigator Program [NNX10AT66G]; Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments
(NGEE Arctic) project - Office of Biological and Environmental Research
in the DOE Office of Science
FX We thank Jitendru Kumar, Shuhua Yi and three anonymous reviewers for
their comments on previous versions of this manuscript, which greatly
improved the presentation of our study in this paper. This study was
supported through grants provided as part of the National Science
Foundation's Arctic System Science Program (NSF OPP-0531047), a
Department of Energy (DOE) Early Career Award (DOE-BER #3ERKP818), the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration's New Investigator Program
(NNX10AT66G) and the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE Arctic)
project supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research
in the DOE Office of Science.
NR 59
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 6
U2 77
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 4
AR 045005
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/9/4/045005
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AK9XD
UT WOS:000338781000019
ER
PT J
AU Kravitz, B
MacMartin, DG
Leedal, DT
Rasch, PJ
Jarvis, AJ
AF Kravitz, Ben
MacMartin, Douglas G.
Leedal, David T.
Rasch, Philip J.
Jarvis, Andrew J.
TI Explicit feedback and the management of uncertainty in meeting climate
objectives with solar geoengineering
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE feedback; geoengineering; climate modeling
ID ALBEDO ENHANCEMENT; POLICY
AB Solar geoengineering has been proposed as a method of meeting climate objectives, such as reduced globally averaged surface temperatures. However, because of incomplete understanding of the effects of geoengineering on the climate system, its implementation would be in the presence of substantial uncertainties. In our study, we use two fully coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models: one in which the geoengineering strategy is designed, and one in which geoengineering is implemented (a real-world proxy). We show that regularly adjusting the amount of solar geoengineering in response to departures of the observed global mean climate state from the predetermined objective (sequential decision making; an explicit feedback approach) can manage uncertainties and result in achievement of the climate objective in both the design model and the real-world proxy. This approach results in substantially less error in meeting global climate objectives than using a predetermined time series of how much geoengineering to use, especially if the estimated sensitivity to geoengineering is inaccurate.
C1 [Kravitz, Ben; Rasch, Philip J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[MacMartin, Douglas G.] CALTECH, Dept Comp & Math Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[MacMartin, Douglas G.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Leedal, David T.; Jarvis, Andrew J.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England.
RP Kravitz, B (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, POB 999,MSIN K9-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM ben.kravitz@pnnl.gov
RI Kravitz, Ben/P-7925-2014; MacMartin, Douglas/A-6333-2016
OI Kravitz, Ben/0000-0001-6318-1150; MacMartin, Douglas/0000-0003-1987-9417
FU Fund for Innovative Climate and Energy Research (FICER); US Department
of Energy [DE-AC05-76RLO 1830]; NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program
through the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at Goddard Space
Flight Center; UK Engineering and Physical Science Research Council
[EP/I014721/1]
FX We thank Jane Long, Andy Ridgwell, and David Keith for helpful
discussions about this work, as well as three anonymous reviewers for
their comments. BK is supported by the Fund for Innovative Climate and
Energy Research (FICER). The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is
operated for the US Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute
under contract DE-AC05-76RLO 1830. Resources supporting this work were
provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA
Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at Goddard Space Flight Center. AJ
and DL were supported by UK Engineering and Physical Science Research
Council grant EP/I014721/1.
NR 28
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 4
AR 044006
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/9/4/044006
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AK9XD
UT WOS:000338781000007
ER
PT J
AU Lau, KC
Lu, J
Low, J
Peng, D
Wu, H
Albishri, HM
Abd Al-Hady, D
Curtiss, LA
Amine, K
AF Lau, Kah Chun
Lu, Jun
Low, John
Peng, Du
Wu, Huiming
Albishri, Hassan M.
Abd Al-Hady, D.
Curtiss, Larry A.
Amine, Khalil
TI Investigation of the Decomposition Mechanism of Lithium
Bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) Salt in the Electrolyte of an Aprotic Li-O-2
Battery
SO ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE electrolytes; Li-air batteries; Li-O-2 batteries; lithium oxalate; LiBOB
ID LI-AIR BATTERIES; ENERGY-STORAGE; PERSPECTIVE; LIMITATIONS; CHALLENGES
AB The stability of the lithium bis(oxalate) borate (LiBOB) salt against lithium peroxide (Li2O2) formation in an aprotic LiO2 (Li-air) battery is investigated. From theoretical and experimental findings, we find that the chemical decomposition of LiBOB in electrolytes leads to the formation lithium oxalate during the discharge of a Li-O-2 cell. According to density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the formation of lithium oxalate as the reaction product is exothermic and therefore is thermodynamically feasible. This reaction seems to be independent of solvents used in the Li-O-2 cell, and therefore LiBOB is probably not suitable to be used as the salt in Li-O-2 cell electrolytes.
C1 [Lau, Kah Chun; Curtiss, Larry A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Lu, Jun; Peng, Du; Wu, Huiming; Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Low, John] Argonne Natl Lab, Comp Environm & Life Sci Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Albishri, Hassan M.; Abd Al-Hady, D.; Amine, Khalil] King Abdulaziz Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia.
RP Curtiss, LA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 South Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
EM curtiss@anl.gov; amine@anl.gov
RI Lau, Kah Chun/A-9348-2013; Faculty of, Sciences, KAU/E-7305-2017
OI Lau, Kah Chun/0000-0002-4925-3397;
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0206CH11357]; Vehicle Technologies
Office, Department of Energy (DOE); Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy (EERE); Department of Energy, Joint Center for Energy
Storage Research; Department of Energy (DOE); DOE [DE-AC05-06OR23100];
Deanship of Scientific research (DSR), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah
under the HiCi Project [11-1301424]; DSR
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC0206CH11357 with the support provided by the Vehicle Technologies
Office, Department of Energy (DOE), and Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy (EERE). Theoretical work was supported by the
Department of Energy, Joint Center for Energy Storage Research. Jun Lu
was supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) and Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE). A postdoctoral Research Award
under the EERE Vehicles Technology Program administered by the Oak Ridge
Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) for the DOE managed by Oak
Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) under DOE contract number
DE-AC05-06OR23100 is acknowledged. We acknowledge grants of computer
time allocations on the CNM Carbon Cluster at Argonne National
Laboratory, the ALCF Fusion Cluster at Argonne National Laboratory, and
the EMSL Chinook Cluster at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. This
work was also funded by the Deanship of Scientific research (DSR), King
Abdulaziz University, Jeddah under the HiCi Project (grant No:
11-1301424). The authors (HMA, DAE, and KA) thank the DSR for their
technical and financial support.
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 38
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 2194-4288
EI 2194-4296
J9 ENERGY TECHNOL-GER
JI Energy Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 4
SI SI
BP 348
EP 354
DI 10.1002/ente.201300164
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA AK3VH
UT WOS:000338352500005
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZH
Zhang, YL
Xia, T
Murowchick, J
Liu, G
Chen, XB
AF Wang, Zhihui
Zhang, Yuliang
Xia, Ting
Murowchick, James
Liu, Gao
Chen, Xiaobo
TI Lithium-Ion Battery Performance of (001)-Faceted TiO2 Nanosheets vs.
Spherical TiO2 Nanoparticles
SO ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE lithium-ion batteries; nanoparticles; nanosheets; TiO2; titania
ID EXPOSED 001 FACETS; ANATASE TIO2; HIGH-CAPACITY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE;
SILICON NANOWIRES; NANOCRYSTALS; INSERTION; STORAGE; ANODES; LI
AB The influence of surface morphology on the lithium-ion battery performance of TiO2, a safer anode material than graphite, has been investigated. We demonstrate that (001)-faceted TiO2 nanosheets display better electrochemical energy storage performance, higher charge/discharge rates, larger capacity, and improved stability over spherical TiO2 nanoparticles. The improvement is attributed to the smaller charge diffusion resistance in the TiO2 nanosheets as a result of increased lithium-ion insertion/extraction along the c-axis during the charge/discharge process for the (001)-faceted TiO2 nanosheets in comparison to spherical TiO2 nanoparticles.
C1 [Wang, Zhihui; Liu, Gao] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zhang, Yuliang; Xia, Ting; Chen, Xiaobo] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
[Zhang, Yuliang] Shanghai Maritime Univ, Inst Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China.
[Murowchick, James] Univ Missouri, Dept Geosci, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
RP Liu, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM GLiu@lbl.gov; chenxiaobo@umkc.edu
FU College of Arts and Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City;
University of Missouri Research Board; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [21071096]; Office of Vehicle Technologies of the
United States Department of Energy [DE-AC03-76SF00098]
FX X.C. is grateful for the support from College of Arts and Sciences,
University of Missouri-Kansas City, the University of Missouri Research
Board, and the generous gift from Dow Kokam. Y.Z. thanks the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21071096) for its financial
support. G. L. thanks the fund by the Assistant Secretary for Energy
Efficiency, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the United States
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. Z. Wang and
Y. Zhang contributed equally to this work.
NR 44
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 7
U2 51
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 2194-4288
EI 2194-4296
J9 ENERGY TECHNOL-GER
JI Energy Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 4
SI SI
BP 376
EP 382
DI 10.1002/ente.201300140
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA AK3VH
UT WOS:000338352500009
ER
PT J
AU Alexander, CT
Kim, C
Yaylian, R
Cabana, J
AF Alexander, Caleb T.
Kim, Chunjoong
Yaylian, Riley
Cabana, Jordi
TI Toward General Rules for the Design of Battery Electrodes Based on
Titanium Oxides and Free of Conductive Additives
SO ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon-free electrodes; Li-ion batteries; polymorphs; TiO2; titanium
oxides
ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; RUTILE TIO2; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CARBON
NANOTUBES; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; ENERGY-STORAGE; LI-BATTERIES; ANATASE;
INSERTION; NANOPARTICLES
AB The functionality of several titanium oxides as active materials in electrodes free of any conductive additive was evaluated and rationalized. Correlations were established between the phase transformation during lithiation and both utilization and durability. Ramsdellite-type Li2Ti3O7 was found to perform well, enabled by the small, isotropic volume change that accompanies lithium intercalation. In contrast, the anatase and rutile polymorphs of TiO2 suffered losses, to different extents. Rutile could be fully lithiated, which resulted in a significant reduction of crystallinity. Changes in the voltage profile suggest that an amorphous fraction existed that was mainly responsible for a very stable activity upon subsequent cycling. In contrast, anatase electrodes could not be fully lithiated, probably due to kinetic limitations imposed by the transformation, and underwent severe decay upon cycling. Both utilization and stability could be improved to some extent by mixing this phase with Li4Ti5O12, which could provide a mechanically stable scaffold during operation. Our work identifies rules and suggests pathways for the design of high-energy-density electrodes based on these phases through the elimination of additives such as high-surface-area carbons.
C1 [Alexander, Caleb T.; Kim, Chunjoong; Yaylian, Riley; Cabana, Jordi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Alexander, Caleb T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Coll Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kim, Chunjoong; Cabana, Jordi] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Yaylian, Riley] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Cabana, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jcabana@uic.edu
RI Cabana, Jordi/G-6548-2012
OI Cabana, Jordi/0000-0002-2353-5986
FU Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy(DOE)
under the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT)
Program; LBNL through the Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship
program from the DOE
FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S.
Department of Energy(DOE) under the Batteries for Advanced
Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program. Portions of this research
were performed at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, a
Directorate of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and an Office of
Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office
of Science by Stanford University. R.Y. was supported by LBNL through
the Science Undergraduate Laboratory Internship program from the DOE.
The authors wish to express their sincerest gratitude to Prof. Flaviano
Garcia-Alvarado (Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Spain) for supplying the
Li2Ti3O7 sample used in this study.
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 28
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 2194-4288
EI 2194-4296
J9 ENERGY TECHNOL-GER
JI Energy Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 4
SI SI
BP 383
EP 390
DI 10.1002/ente.201300143
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA AK3VH
UT WOS:000338352500010
ER
PT J
AU Negrini, RM
McCuan, DT
Horton, RA
Lopez, JD
Cassata, WS
Channell, JET
Verosub, KL
Knott, JR
Coe, RS
Liddicoat, JC
Lund, SP
Benson, LV
Sarna-Wojcicki, AM
AF Negrini, Robert M.
McCuan, Daniel T.
Horton, Robert A.
Lopez, James D.
Cassata, William S.
Channell, James E. T.
Verosub, Kenneth L.
Knott, Jeffrey R.
Coe, Robert S.
Liddicoat, Joseph C.
Lund, Steven P.
Benson, Larry V.
Sarna-Wojcicki, Andrei M.
TI Nongeocentric axial dipole field behavior during the Mono Lake excursion
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID LASCHAMP GEOMAGNETIC EXCURSION; EARTHS MAGNETIC-FIELD; CHAINE DES PUYS;
SUMMER LAKE; ICE CORE; NORTH-ATLANTIC; TEPHRA LAYERS; PYRAMID LAKE;
GREAT-BASIN; SEDIMENTS
AB A new record of the Mono Lake excursion (MLE) is reported from the Summer Lake Basin of Oregon, USA. Sediment magnetic properties indicate magnetite as the magnetization carrier and imply suitability of the sediments as accurate recorders of the magnetic field including relative paleointensity (RPI) variations. The magnitudes and phases of the declination, inclination, and RPI components of the new record correlate well with other coeval but lower resolution records from western North America including records from the Wilson Creek Formation exposed around Mono Lake. The virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP) path of the new record is similar to that from another high-resolution record of the MLE from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 919 in the Irminger Basin between Iceland and Greenland but different from the VGP path for the Laschamp excursion (LE), including that found lower in the ODP-919 core. Thus, the prominent excursion recorded at Mono Lake, California, is not the LE but rather one that is several thousands of years younger. The MLE VGP path contains clusters, the locations of which coincide with nonaxial dipole features found in the Holocene geomagnetic field. The clusters are occupied in the same time progression by VGPs from Summer Lake and the Irminger Basin, but the phase of occupation is offset, a behavior that suggests time-transgressive decay and return of the principal field components at the beginning and end of the MLE, respectively, leaving the nonaxial dipole features associated with the clusters dominant during the excursion.
C1 [Negrini, Robert M.; McCuan, Daniel T.; Horton, Robert A.; Lopez, James D.] Calif State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bakersfield, CA 93311 USA.
[Cassata, William S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA USA.
[Channell, James E. T.] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Verosub, Kenneth L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Knott, Jeffrey R.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Geol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92634 USA.
[Coe, Robert S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Liddicoat, Joseph C.] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Environm Sci, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Lund, Steven P.] Univ So Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Benson, Larry V.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sarna-Wojcicki, Andrei M.] US Geol Survey, Tephrochronol Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Negrini, RM (reprint author), Calif State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bakersfield, CA 93311 USA.
EM rnegrini@csub.edu
FU NSF [0911351, 1137774, 030332]; Chevron USA REVS-UP summer research
program; Institute of Rock Magnetism
FX All data used herein are available upon request from the first author.
This study was funded by NSF grants EAR#0911351, HRD#1137774, and
EHR#030332 and by the Chevron USA REVS-UP summer research program. This
work benefited from a graduate student fellowship awarded to Dan McCuan
at the Institute of Rock Magnetism. R. Reynolds is acknowledged for his
guidance regarding reflected-light microscopy of magnetic separates.
Tephra analyses were done by F. Foit, Jr., in the Geoanalytical
Laboratory of Washington State University, Pullman, WA. We are grateful
to K. Danley, R. Rodriquez, and A. Kylasa for assistance with
characterization of the 12.6m unconformity, to I. Herrera, K. Sevier, C.
Soto, G. Thompson, and A. Ying Wang for assistance with SEM EDS analysis
of magnetic separates, and to T. Osborn, E. Powers, and K. Eickenhorst
for technical assistance at CSUB. M. Harden, S. Pezzopane, and P.
Arredondo assisted with coring as did Julie Bryant and other personnel
of the Summer Lake Playa Residence for writers, artists, and natural
scientists. Supportive reviews by A. Roberts and two anonymous reviewers
greatly improved the manuscript.
NR 67
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 2567
EP 2581
DI 10.1002/2013JB010846
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AJ4ZG
UT WOS:000337688600002
ER
PT J
AU Vialle, S
Contraires, S
Zinzsner, B
Clavaud, JB
Mahiouz, K
Zuddas, P
Zamora, M
AF Vialle, Stephanie
Contraires, Simon
Zinzsner, Bernard
Clavaud, Jean-Baptiste
Mahiouz, Karim
Zuddas, Pierpaolo
Zamora, Maria
TI Percolation of CO2-rich fluids in a limestone sample: Evolution of
hydraulic, electrical, chemical, and structural properties
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID POROUS-MEDIA; CALCITE DISSOLUTION; MIXING ZONE; SEA-WATER; CARBONATE;
FLOW; PRECIPITATION; PERMEABILITY; ROCKS; KINETICS
AB Percolation of CO2-rich fluids in limestones causes the dissolution (and eventual reprecipitation) of calcium carbonate minerals, which affect the rock microstructure and change the rock petrophysical properties (i.e., hydraulic, electrical, and elastic properties). In addition, microstructural changes further feed back to affect the chemical reactions. To better understand this coupled problem and to assess the possibility of geophysical monitoring, we performed reactive percolation laboratory experiments on a well-characterized carbonate sample 35 cm in length and 10 cm in diameter. In a comprehensive study, we present integrated measurements of aqueous chemistry (pH, calcium concentration, and total alkalinity), petrophysical properties (permeability, electrical formation factor, and acoustic velocities), and X-ray tomography imaging. The measured chemical and electrical parameters allowed rapid detection of the dissolution of calcite in the downstream fluid. After circulating fluids of various salinities at 5mL min(-1) for 32 days (about 290 pore sample volumes) at a pCO(2) of 1 atm (pH = 4), porosity increased by 7% (from 0.29 to 0.31), permeability increased by 1 order of magnitude (from 0.12 D to 0.97 D), and the electrical formation factor decreased by 15% (from 15.7 to 13.3). X-ray microtomography revealed the creation of wormholes; these, along with the convex curvature of the permeability-porosity relationship, are consistent with a transport-controlled dissolution regime for which advection processes are greater than diffusion processes, confirming results from previous numerical studies. This study shows that nonseismic geophysical techniques (i.e., electrical measurements) are promising for monitoring geochemical changes within the subsurface due to fluid-rock interactions.
C1 [Vialle, Stephanie; Contraires, Simon; Zinzsner, Bernard; Clavaud, Jean-Baptiste; Mahiouz, Karim; Zamora, Maria] Univ Paris Diderot, Inst Phys Globe Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France.
[Zuddas, Pierpaolo] UPMC Sorbonne Univ, Inst Sci Terre, Paris, France.
RP Vialle, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM svialle@stanford.edu
FU CNRS-INSU programs ACI Eau-Environnement; program ECCO; Schlumberger
Water Services
FX The authors are grateful to Jean-Pierre Delhomme and Olivier Lopez for
fruitful discussions. Ionic chromatography was performed by Caroline
Gorge at the Laboratoire de Geochimie et Cosmochimie (IPG, Paris). This
research was supported by CNRS-INSU programs ACI Eau-Environnement,
program ECCO, and Schlumberger Water Services. The authors want to thank
the Associate Editor and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and
suggestions. This is IPG contribution 3497.
NR 71
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 2828
EP 2847
DI 10.1002/2013JB010656
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AJ4ZG
UT WOS:000337688600015
ER
PT J
AU Masson, YJ
Pride, SR
AF Masson, Y. J.
Pride, S. R.
TI On the correlation between material structure and seismic attenuation
anisotropy in porous media
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTIALLY SATURATED ROCKS; INVASION PERCOLATION; COMPOSITE-MATERIALS;
FRACTURES; WAVES; FLOW; POROELASTICITY; INCLUSIONS; LOG
AB Through numerical experiments and analytical analysis, we show that a strong correlation exists between anisotropy in the material structure (i.e., the elongation of inclusions present within rocks in the different directions of space) and anisotropy in seismic attenuation (i.e., the values of the inverse quality factors associated with the anisotropic moduli that control wave propagation). This is especially true for weakly anisotropic materials where a power law is shown to relate the aspect ratios of the inclusions (i.e., the ratios of the lengths of the inclusions in the different spatial directions) to the peak attenuation ratios (i.e., the ratios of the maximum values of the quality factors describing wave attenuation in the different spatial directions). Analytical results show that small deviations from this simple power law relation are to be expected for general anisotropic materials. For axisymmetric spheroidal inclusions, a perfectly bijective analytical relation is obtained between aspect ratios of the inclusions and attenuation ratios. This relation is not a power law in general but may be considered to reduce to one as aspect ratios approach 1 (a perfect sphere).
C1 [Masson, Y. J.] Inst Phys Globe Paris, Paris, France.
[Pride, S. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Pride, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM SRPride@lbl.gov
OI masson, yder/0000-0001-6884-8823
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Geosciences Research Program of the DOE
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences BES [DEACO2O5CH11231]; European Union's
Seventh Framework Program (FP-7-IDEAS-ERC), ERC Advanced grant
(WAVETOMO)
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy and supported specifically by the Geosciences Research Program of
the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences BES, contract DEACO2O5CH11231. Y. Masson
has recently been supported through the European Union's Seventh
Framework Program (FP-7-IDEAS-ERC), ERC Advanced grant (WAVETOMO).
NR 42
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 2848
EP 2870
DI 10.1002/2013JB010798
PG 23
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AJ4ZG
UT WOS:000337688600016
ER
PT J
AU Hubble, AA
Barnat, EV
Weatherford, BR
Foster, JE
AF Hubble, A. A.
Barnat, E. V.
Weatherford, B. R.
Foster, J. E.
TI The electron spatial distribution and leak width in a magnetic cusp
SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetosheath; magnetic cusp; plasma; laser; ion source; plasma
diagnostics
ID PLASMA CONFINEMENT; LINE-CUSP
AB The electron spatial distribution within a magnetic cusp and surrounding regions were measured noninvasively using laser-collision induced fluorescence. The spatial density profiles were used to infer the plasma leak width. Leak widths were found to scale with the hybrid gyroradius. The scaling constant of proportionality was found to increase with pressure, consistent with theoretical predictions.
C1 [Hubble, A. A.; Foster, J. E.] Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Barnat, E. V.; Weatherford, B. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Hubble, AA (reprint author), Dept Nucl Engn & Radiol Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0963-0252
EI 1361-6595
J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T
JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 2
AR 022001
DI 10.1088/0963-0252/23/2/022001
PG 6
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AJ7QH
UT WOS:000337890700001
ER
PT J
AU Huo, CQ
Lundin, D
Raadu, MA
Anders, A
Gudmundsson, JT
Brenning, N
AF Huo, Chunqing
Lundin, Daniel
Raadu, Michael A.
Anders, Andre
Gudmundsson, Jon Tomas
Brenning, Nils
TI On the road to self-sputtering in high power impulse magnetron
sputtering: particle balance and discharge characteristics
SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetron sputtering; high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS)
discharge; self-sputtering; plasma modeling
ID PLANAR MAGNETRON; DEPOSITION; PLASMAS
AB The onset and development of self-sputtering (SS) in a high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) discharge have been studied using a plasma chemical model and a set of experimental data, taken with an aluminum target and argon gas. The model is tailored to duplicate the discharge in which the data are taken. The pulses are long enough to include both an initial transient and a following steady state. The model is used to unravel how the internal discharge physics evolves with pulse power and time, and how it is related to features in the discharge current-voltage-time characteristics such as current densities, maxima, kinks and slopes. The connection between the self-sputter process and the discharge characteristics is quantified and discussed in terms of three parameters: a critical target current density J(crit) based on the maximum refill rate of process (argon) gas above the target, an SS recycling factor Pi(SS-recycle), and an approximation alpha a of the probabilities of ionization of species that come from the target (both sputtered metal and embedded argon atoms). For low power pulses, discharge voltages UD <= 380V with peak current densities below approximate to 0.2A cm(-2), the discharge is found to be dominated by process gas sputtering. In these pulses there is an initial current peak in time, associated with partial gas rarefaction, which is followed by a steady-state-like plateau in all parameters similar to direct current magnetron sputtering. In contrast, high power pulses, with U-D >= 500V and peak current densities above J(D) approximate to 1.6Acm(-2), make a transition to a discharge mode where SS dominates. The transition is found not to be driven by process gas rarefaction which is only about 10% at this time. Maximum gas rarefaction is found later in time and always after the initial peak in the discharge current. With increasing voltage, and pulse power, the discharge can be described as following a route where the role of SS increases in four steps: process gas sputtering, gas-sustained SS, self-sustained SS and SS runaway. At the highest voltage, 1000V, the discharge is very close to, but does not go into, the SS runaway mode. This absence of runaway is proposed to be connected to an unexpected finding: that twice ionized ions of the target species play almost no role in this discharge, not even at the highest powers. This reduces ionization by secondary-emitted energetic electrons almost to zero in the highest power range of the discharge.
C1 [Huo, Chunqing; Lundin, Daniel; Raadu, Michael A.; Brenning, Nils] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sch Elect Engn, Div Space & Plasma Phys, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Lundin, Daniel] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Lab Phys Gaz & Plasmas, UMR 8578, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Anders, Andre] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Gudmundsson, Jon Tomas] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Univ Michigan, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Joint Inst, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
[Gudmundsson, Jon Tomas] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.
RP Huo, CQ (reprint author), KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sch Elect Engn, Div Space & Plasma Phys, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM nils.brenning@ee.kth.se
RI Lundin, Daniel/C-8741-2009; Gudmundsson, Jon/D-2345-2012; Brenning,
Nils/B-5965-2017; Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009
OI Lundin, Daniel/0000-0001-8591-1003; Gudmundsson,
Jon/0000-0002-8153-3209; Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505
FU Swedish Research Council Post-Doctoral Fellowship [623-2011-757];
Icelandic Research Fund [130029-051]; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was partially supported by the Swedish Research Council
Post-Doctoral Fellowship Grant no 623-2011-757 as well as by the
Icelandic Research Fund Grant no 130029-051. This work benefited from
stimulating discussion within the COST action MP0804. Work at LBNL,
Berkeley, was supported by the US Department of Energy under Contract No
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 30
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 6
U2 28
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0963-0252
EI 1361-6595
J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T
JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 2
AR 025017
DI 10.1088/0963-0252/23/2/025017
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AJ7QH
UT WOS:000337890700020
ER
PT J
AU Panjan, M
Franz, R
Anders, A
AF Panjan, Matjaz
Franz, Robert
Anders, Andre
TI Asymmetric particle fluxes from drifting ionization zones in sputtering
magnetrons
SO PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE high-power impulse magnetron sputtering; magnetron sputtering; ion flux;
energy distribution functions
ID PLASMA-OSCILLATIONS; ION-ENERGY; DISCHARGE; GAS; RAREFACTION;
FLUCTUATIONS; SYSTEM
AB Electron and ion fluxes from direct current and high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (dcMS and HiPIMS) plasmas were measured in the plane of the target surface. Biased collector probes and a particle energy and mass analyzer showed asymmetric emission of electrons and of singly and doubly charged ions. For both HiPIMS and dcMS discharges, higher fluxes of all types of particles were observed in the direction of the electrons' E x B drift. These results are put in the context with ionization zones that drift over the magnetron's racetrack. The measured currents of time-resolving collector probes suggest that a large fraction of the ion flux originates from drifting ionization zones, while energy-resolving mass spectrometry indicates that a large fraction of the ion energy is due to acceleration by an electric field. This supports the recently proposed hypothesis that each ionization zone is associated with a negative-positive-negative space charge structure, thereby producing an electric field that accelerates ions from the location where they were formed.
C1 [Panjan, Matjaz; Franz, Robert; Anders, Andre] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Panjan, Matjaz] Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Franz, Robert] Univ Leoben, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
RP Anders, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 53, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM aanders@lbl.gov
RI Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009; Franz, Robert/G-5263-2010
OI Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505; Franz, Robert/0000-0003-4842-7276
FU Fulbright Scholar Grant; Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technology, of the US Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Erwin Schrodinger Fellowship (Austrian
Science Fund (FWF)) [J3168-N20]
FX M Panjan and R Franz gratefully acknowledge support of a Fulbright
Scholar Grant and an Erwin Schrodinger Fellowship (Austrian Science Fund
(FWF), Project J3168-N20), respectively, which enabled their research at
LBNL. A Anders was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technology, of the
US Department of Energy, under Contract No DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 45
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 19
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0963-0252
EI 1361-6595
J9 PLASMA SOURCES SCI T
JI Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 2
AR 025007
DI 10.1088/0963-0252/23/2/025007
PG 12
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AJ7QH
UT WOS:000337890700010
ER
PT J
AU Manard, BT
Gonzalez, JJ
Sarkar, A
Dong, MR
Chirinos, J
Mao, XL
Russo, RE
Marcus, RK
AF Manard, Benjamin T.
Gonzalez, Jhanis J.
Sarkar, Arnab
Dong, Meirong
Chirinos, Jose
Mao, Xianglei
Russo, Richard E.
Marcus, R. Kenneth
TI Liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow discharge as a secondary
excitation source: Assessment of plasma characteristics
SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE LS-APGD; Laser ablation; Liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow
discharge
ID APGD IONIZATION SOURCE; ICP-MS MEASUREMENTS; LASER-ABLATION;
OPTICAL-EMISSION; SOLUTION NEBULIZATION; ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS;
SPECTROMETRY; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; DIAGNOSTICS
AB The liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow discharge (LS-APGD) has been assessed as a secondary excitation source with a parametric evaluation regarding carrier gas flow rate, applied current, and electrode distance. With this parametric evaluation, plasma optical emission was monitored in order to obtain a fundamental understanding with regards to rotational temperature (T-rot), excitation temperature (T-exc), electron number density (n(e)), and plasma robustness. Incentive for these studies is not only for a greater overall fundamental knowledge of the APGD, but also in instrumenting a secondary excitation/ionization source following laser ablation (LA). Rotational temperatures were determined through experimentally fitting of the N-2 and OH molecular emission bands while atomic excitation temperatures were calculated using a Boltzmann distribution of He and Mg atomic lines. The rotational and excitation temperatures were determined to be -1000 K and -2700 K respectively. Electron number density was calculated to be on the order of similar to 3 x 10(15) cm(-3) utilizing Stark broadening effects of the Ha line of the Balmer series and a He I transition. In addition, those diagnostics were performed introducing magnesium (by solution feed and laser ablation) into the plasma in order to determine any perturbation under heavy matrix sampling. The so-called plasma robustness factor, derived by monitoring Mg II/Mg I emission ratios, is also employed as a reflection of potential perturbations in microplasma energetics across the various operation conditions and sample loadings. While truly a miniaturized source (<1 mm(3) volume), the LS-APGD is shown to be quite robust with plasma characteristics and temperatures being unaffected upon introduction of metal species, whether by liquid or laser ablation sample introduction. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Manard, Benjamin T.; Marcus, R. Kenneth] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Manard, Benjamin T.; Gonzalez, Jhanis J.; Sarkar, Arnab; Dong, Meirong; Chirinos, Jose; Mao, Xianglei; Russo, Richard E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Sarkar, Arnab] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Fuel Chem, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
RP Russo, RE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
OI Gonzalez, Jhanis/0000-0001-7271-1184; Sarkar, Arnab/0000-0003-3783-8299
FU Separations and Analysis Program, Chemical Sciences, Biosciences, and
Geosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S.
Department of Energy at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
[DE-ACO2-05CH11231]
FX Research was supported by the Separations and Analysis Program, Chemical
Sciences, Biosciences, and Geosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number
DE-AC02-05CH11231 at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
NR 53
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 27
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0584-8547
J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B
JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr.
PD APR-MAY
PY 2014
VL 94-95
BP 39
EP 47
DI 10.1016/j.sab.2014.03.004
PG 9
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA AJ9AB
UT WOS:000337998100007
ER
PT J
AU Noh, S
Kasada, R
Kimura, A
Nagasaka, T
Sokolov, MA
Kim, TK
AF Noh, Sanghoon
Kasada, Ryuta
Kimura, Akihiko
Nagasaka, Takuya
Sokolov, Mikhail A.
Kim, Tae Kyu
TI Interfacial microstructures and hardness distributions of vacuum plasma
spraying W-coated ODS ferritic steels for fusion plasma facing
applications
SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE Tungsten; Oxide dispersion strengthened steels; Vacuum plasma spraying
ID FERRITIC/MARTENSITIC STEEL; TUNGSTEN; DESIGN
AB In the present study, interfacial microstructures and hardness distributions of W-coated ODS steels as plasma facing structural materials were investigated. A vacuum plasma spraying (VPS) technique was employed to fabricate a W layer on the surface of the ODS ferritic steel substrates. The microstructural observations revealed that the VPS-W has very fine grains aligned toward the spraying direction, and a favorable interface between W and ODS ferritic steels by a mechanical inter-locking without an intermetallic layer. However, crack-type defects were found in VPS-W. Because a brittle inter-diffused layer does not exist at the joint interface, the hardness was gradually distributed in the joint region. After neutron irradiation, irradiation hardening significantly occurred in the VPS-W. However, the hardening of VPS-W was less than that of bulk W irradiated at 773 K. Thus, the VPS is considered to be one of the promising ways to join dissimilar materials between Wand ODS steels, which can avoid the formation of an interfacial intermetallic layer and create favorable irradiation hardening resistance on the W coated layer. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Noh, Sanghoon; Kim, Tae Kyu] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Nucl Mat Div, Taejon, South Korea.
[Kasada, Ryuta; Kimura, Akihiko] Kyoto Univ, Inst Adv Energy, Uji, Kyoto, Japan.
[Nagasaka, Takuya] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki, Gifu 5095292, Japan.
[Sokolov, Mikhail A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Noh, S (reprint author), Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Nucl Mat Div, Taejon, South Korea.
EM shnoh@kaeri.re.kr
FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government(MEST)
[2012M2A8A1027872]; japan/U.S. joint research project, TITAN (Tritium,
Irradiation and Thermofluid for America and Nippon)
FX This work was supported by japan/U.S. joint research project, TITAN
(Tritium, Irradiation and Thermofluid for America and Nippon). This work
was also supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
grant funded by the Korea government(MEST) (No. 2012M2A8A1027872).
NR 16
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0920-3796
EI 1873-7196
J9 FUSION ENG DES
JI Fusion Eng. Des.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 89
IS 4
BP 289
EP 293
DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.01.084
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AJ6AP
UT WOS:000337772400004
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, JX
Song, YT
Breslau, J
Neilson, GH
AF Zheng, Jinxing
Song, Yuntao
Breslau, Joshua
Neilson, George Hutch
TI A Systematic study of modular coil characteristics for 2-field periods
quasi-axisymmetric stellarator QAS-LA
SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE QAS-LA; Magnet system; Modular coil; Stellarator
ID PHYSICS; DESIGN
AB Modular coil characteristics of a 2-field periods quasi-axisymmetric stellarator QAS-LA configuration with an aspect ratio A(p) =3, magnetic pressure similar to 4% and rotational transform t similar to 0.15 per field period supplied by its own shaping have been detailed studied. In addition, the characteristics of modular coils for QAS-LA were compared with those of an intermediate QA configuration QAS-LAx and a tokamak based on the same center magnet field B-0, aspect ratio and number of coils. As expected, the B-max/B-0, force F and overturning moment M, increase with the increased complexity of the coil shape. The relationships between the modular coils' parameters (such as radius curvature rho, distance from coil to coil Delta(c-c) and the cross-section of coils) and the electromagnetic characteristics have been systematically summarized. The approximate formula for the maximum magnetic field in the coil body as functions of modular coil parameters (Delta(c-c,) rho) was derived for a simple two wire system which will be useful when optimizations of coil properties are called for. (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zheng, Jinxing; Song, Yuntao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230021, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Breslau, Joshua; Neilson, George Hutch] Princeton Univ, Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Zheng, JX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230021, Anhui, Peoples R China.
EM jxzheng@ipp.ac.cn
FU China National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program
[2011GB114000]; USA DoE grant [DE-AC02-09CH11466]
FX The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to L.P. Ku for
guiding this work. The authors are also indebted to the Princeton Plasma
Physics Laboratory for hosting the visit of the first two authors and
making the computer codes available. We would like to thank authors and
co-authors of VMEC, NESCOIL, and COILOPT. The work was supported by
China National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program (Grant No.
2011GB114000) for the first two authors and USA DoE grant
DE-AC02-09CH11466 for the last two authors.
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0920-3796
EI 1873-7196
J9 FUSION ENG DES
JI Fusion Eng. Des.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 89
IS 4
BP 487
EP 501
DI 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.04.029
PG 15
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AJ6AP
UT WOS:000337772400030
ER
PT J
AU Teague, M
Gorman, B
AF Teague, Melissa
Gorman, Brian
TI Utilization of dual-column focused ion beam and scanning electron
microscope for three dimensional characterization of high burn-up mixed
oxide fuel
SO PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st Symposium on the Scientific Basis of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle of the
European-Material-Research-Society (EMRS)
CY MAY 27-31, 2013
CL Strasbourg, FRANCE
SP European Mat Res Soc
DE Focused ion beam; Novel characterization techniques; High burn-up mixed
oxide fuel
ID RIM STRUCTURE; UO2 FUEL; MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; TEM; 3D;
TOMOGRAPHY; BEHAVIOR; PELLETS; SAMPLE
AB Developing a more fundamental understanding of fuel performance requires detailed characterization of irradiated fuel under a variety of conditions. Historically characterization was limited by instrumentation available. Great strides have been made in new characterization techniques, yet there application to irradiated fuels has been delayed due to the difficulty of working with the samples. This paper outlines the first results from the application of a dual-column focused ion beam along with energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron backscatter diffraction detectors to analyze the 3D structure of high burn-up MOX fuel. The applicability and advantages of the advanced techniques to irradiated fuel are also discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Teague, Melissa] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Gorman, Brian] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Melissa.teague@inl.gov; bgorman@mines.edu
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0149-1970
J9 PROG NUCL ENERG
JI Prog. Nucl. Energy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 72
SI SI
BP 67
EP 71
DI 10.1016/j.pnucene.2013.08.006
PG 5
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AJ4MV
UT WOS:000337651400014
ER
PT J
AU Archer, CL
Colle, BA
Delle Monache, L
Dvorak, MJ
Lundquist, J
Bailey, BH
Beaucage, PE
Churchfield, MJ
Fitch, AC
Kosovic, B
Lee, S
Moriarty, PJ
Simao, H
Stevens, RJAM
Veron, D
Zack, J
AF Archer, Cristina L.
Colle, Brian A.
Delle Monache, Luca
Dvorak, Michael J.
Lundquist, Julie
Bailey, Bruce H.
Beaucage, Philipp E.
Churchfield, Matthew J.
Fitch, Anna C.
Kosovic, Branko
Lee, Sang
Moriarty, Patrick J.
Simao, Hugo
Stevens, Richard J. A. M.
Veron, Dana
Zack, John
TI Meteorology for Coastal/Offshore Wind Energy in the United States
Recommendations and Research Needs for the Next 10 Years
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Archer, Cristina L.; Veron, Dana] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Colle, Brian A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Delle Monache, Luca; Fitch, Anna C.; Kosovic, Branko] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Dvorak, Michael J.] Sailors Energy, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Lundquist, Julie] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lundquist, Julie; Churchfield, Matthew J.; Lee, Sang; Moriarty, Patrick J.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
[Bailey, Bruce H.; Beaucage, Philipp E.; Zack, John] AWS Truepower LLC, Albany, NY USA.
[Simao, Hugo] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Stevens, Richard J. A. M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Stevens, Richard J. A. M.] Univ Twente, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands.
RP Archer, CL (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM carcher@udel.edu
RI Stevens, Richard/A-5427-2009; Archer, Cristina/H-3105-2013;
OI Stevens, Richard/0000-0001-6976-5704; Archer,
Cristina/0000-0002-7837-7575; LUNDQUIST, JULIE/0000-0001-5490-2702
NR 0
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 4
BP 515
EP 519
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00108.1
PG 5
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AI8MK
UT WOS:000337170300003
ER
PT J
AU Wuebbles, D
Meehl, G
Hayhoe, K
Karl, TR
Kunkel, K
Santer, B
Wehner, M
Colle, B
Fischer, EM
Fu, R
Goodman, A
Janssen, E
Kharin, V
Lee, H
Li, WH
Long, LN
Olsen, SC
Pan, ZT
Seth, A
Sheffield, J
Sun, LQ
AF Wuebbles, Donald
Meehl, Gerald
Hayhoe, Katharine
Karl, Thomas R.
Kunkel, Kenneth
Santer, Benjamin
Wehner, Michael
Colle, Brian
Fischer, Erich M.
Fu, Rong
Goodman, Alex
Janssen, Emily
Kharin, Viatcheslav
Lee, Huikyo
Li, Wenhong
Long, Lindsey N.
Olsen, Seth C.
Pan, Zaitao
Seth, Anji
Sheffield, Justin
Sun, Liqiang
TI CMIP5 CLIMATE MODEL ANALYSES Climate Extremes in the United States
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-AMERICAN MONSOON; PRECIPITATION EXTREMES; SIMULATIONS; TRENDS;
UNCERTAINTIES; TEMPERATURE; KNOWLEDGE; TRACKING; EVENTS
C1 [Wuebbles, Donald; Goodman, Alex; Janssen, Emily; Lee, Huikyo; Olsen, Seth C.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Meehl, Gerald] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Hayhoe, Katharine] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Karl, Thomas R.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
[Kunkel, Kenneth; Sun, Liqiang] NOAA, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA.
[Santer, Benjamin] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
[Wehner, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Colle, Brian] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Fischer, Erich M.] ETH, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Fu, Rong] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Li, Wenhong] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA.
[Kharin, Viatcheslav] Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Long, Lindsey N.] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Long, Lindsey N.] Wyle Labs, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Pan, Zaitao] St Louis Univ, St Louis, MO 63103 USA.
[Seth, Anji] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA.
[Sheffield, Justin] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Wuebbles, D (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, 105 S Gregory Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM wuebbles@illinois.edu
RI Fischer, Erich/B-6067-2011; Santer, Benjamin/F-9781-2011
OI Fischer, Erich/0000-0003-1931-6737;
FU NASA [NNX12AF32G]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in
the Department of Energy Office of Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF
[AGS-1147608]; NOAA [NA11OAR4310097]; NOAA Climate Program Office
Modeling, Analysis, Predictions and Projections (MAPP) Program as part
of the CMIP5 Task Force [NA11OAR4310104]; NOAA NESDIS through the
Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina
[NA09NES4400006]
FX This work was supported in part by NASA Award NNX12AF32G (University of
Illinois), from the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program and the
Earth System Modeling Program of the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research in the Department of Energy Office of Science
under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 (LBL), from NSF Grant AGS-1147608
(Duke), and by NOAA Award NA11OAR4310097 (Princeton University). We also
acknowledge the support of NOAA Climate Program Office Modeling,
Analysis, Predictions and Projections (MAPP) Program as part of the
CMIP5 Task Force under Grant NA11OAR4310104 (Stony Brook) and NOAA
NESDIS through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and
Satellites-North Carolina under Cooperative Agreement NA09NES4400006.
NR 48
TC 52
Z9 52
U1 8
U2 56
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 4
BP 571
EP 583
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00172.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AI8MK
UT WOS:000337170300008
ER
PT J
AU Pleim, J
Mathur, R
Rao, ST
Fast, J
Baklanov, A
AF Pleim, Jonathan
Mathur, Rohit
Rao, S. T.
Fast, Jerome
Baklanov, Alexander
TI INTEGRATED METEOROLOGY AND CHEMISTRY MODELING Evaluation and Research
Needs
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Pleim, Jonathan; Mathur, Rohit] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Rao, S. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Fast, Jerome] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Baklanov, Alexander] Danish Meteorol Inst, Lyngbyvej, Denmark.
RP Pleim, J (reprint author), US EPA, E243-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM pleim.jon@epa.gov
RI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017
OI Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 4
BP ES81
EP ES84
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00107.1
PG 4
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AI8MK
UT WOS:000337170300001
ER
PT J
AU Tfaily, MM
Cooper, WT
Kostka, JE
Chanton, PR
Schadt, CW
Hanson, PJ
Iversen, CM
Chanton, JP
AF Tfaily, Malak M.
Cooper, William T.
Kostka, Joel E.
Chanton, Patrick R.
Schadt, Christopher W.
Hanson, Paul J.
Iversen, Colleen M.
Chanton, Jeffrey P.
TI Organic matter transformation in the peat column at Marcell Experimental
Forest: Humification and vertical stratification
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE peatlands; FT-IR spectroscopy; NMR spectroscopy; organic matter;
vertical stratification; humification
ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; C-13 NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; STABLE
CARBON-ISOTOPE; NORTHERN MINNESOTA; METHANE PRODUCTION; FTIR
SPECTROSCOPY; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; WETLAND SOILS; DECOMPOSITION; PEATLANDS
AB We characterized peat decomposition at the Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF), Minnesota, USA, to a depth of 2m to ascertain the underlying chemical changes using Fourier transform infrared (FT IR) and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy) and related these changes to decomposition proxies C:N ratio, C-13 and N-15, bulk density, and water content. FT IR determined that peat humification increased rapidly between 30 and 75cm, indicating a highly reactive intermediate-depth zone consistent with changes in C:N ratio, C-13 and N-15, bulk density, and water content. Peat decomposition at the MEF, especially in the intermediate-depth zone, is mainly characterized by preferential utilization of O-alkyl-C, carboxyl-C, and other oxygenated functionalities with a concomitant increase in the abundance of alkyl- and nitrogen-containing compounds. Below 75cm, less change was observed but aromatic functionalities and lignin accumulated with depth. Significant correlations with humification indices, identified by FT IR spectroscopy, were found for C:N ratios. Incubation studies at 22 degrees C revealed the highest methane production rates, greatest CH4:CO2 production ratios, and significant O-alkyl-C utilization within this 30 and 75cm zone. Oxygen-containing functionalities, especially O-alkyl-C, appear to serve as excellent proxies for soil decomposition rate and should be a sensitive indicator of the response of the solid phase peat to increased temperatures caused by climate change and the field study manipulations that are planned to occur at this site. Radiocarbon signatures of microbial respiration products in deeper pore waters at the MEF resembled the signatures of more modern dissolved organic carbon rather than solid phase peat, indicating that recently photosynthesized organic matter fueled the bulk of subsurface microbial respiration. These results indicate that carbon cycling at depth at the MEF is not isolated from surface processes.
C1 [Tfaily, Malak M.; Chanton, Jeffrey P.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Cooper, William T.] Florida State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Kostka, Joel E.; Chanton, Patrick R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Kostka, Joel E.; Chanton, Patrick R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Schadt, Christopher W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Schadt, Christopher W.; Hanson, Paul J.; Iversen, Colleen M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Hanson, Paul J.; Iversen, Colleen M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Tfaily, Malak M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Tfaily, MM (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM malak.m.tfaily@gmail.com
RI Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011; Schadt, Christopher/B-7143-2008;
OI Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561; Schadt,
Christopher/0000-0001-8759-2448; TFAILY, MALAK/0000-0002-3036-2833
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial Ecosystem
Science Program under U.S. DOE [ER65245]; United States Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX We thank Randall Kolka, MN forest services, Xueju Lin, J. Megan
Steinweg, and the rest of SPRUCE team for help with sample handling and
providing laboratory space support. We thank Erik Hobbie for his
valuable comments on the manuscript. Radiocarbon samples were run at the
National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Facility (NOSAMS).
We thank Kathryn Elder, Sue Handwork, and Ann McNichol at NOSAMS for
their expert work. We also would like to acknowledge Deanne Brice;
Joanne Childs; Charles Garten, Jr.; Les Hook; Jana Phillips; Richard
Norby; and David Weston for help with vegetation collection and
processing. This work was supported by the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program, under
U.S. DOE contract ER65245. The SPRUCE experiment is supported by the
United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and
Environmental Research under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Oak Ridge
National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC for the United States
Department of Energy.
NR 71
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 5
U2 66
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 661
EP 675
DI 10.1002/2013JG002492
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AI9UN
UT WOS:000337285500012
ER
PT J
AU Qu, MH
Wang, RZ
Chen, Y
Zhang, Y
Li, KY
Zhou, H
Yan, H
AF Qu, Ming-Hao
Wang, Ru-Zhi
Chen, Yan
Zhang, Ying
Li, Kai-Yu
Zhou, Hua
Yan, Hui
TI Enhancing upconversion emission of Er, Yb co-doped highly transparent
YF3 films by synergistic tuning nano-textured morphology and
crystallinity
SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Upconversion; Er, Yb codoped YF3 transparent films; Morphology and
crystallinity
ID SOLAR-CELLS; OXIDE-FILMS; TEMPERATURE; LUMINESCENCE; FLUORESCENCE; IONS
AB Highly transparent Er, Yb codoped YF3 upconversion films were successfully prepared by electron beam deposition method. The effects of the substrate temperature on the morphology, crystallinity and emission characteristics of Er, Yb codoped YF3 films were studied carefully. It was found that the morphology and crystallinity varied from smooth amorphous to root intertwined polycrystalline structure with the substrate temperature increase. Besides, the emission characteristics of the films can be modulated by the synergy of their surface morphologies and crystallinities. Remarkably, a large enhancement of the upconversion emission, up to five decades while only an insignificant decrease of the optical transmittance (10% at most), was achieved by forming root-intertvvined polycrystalline structures. These highly transparent upconversion films may have good potential for enhancing the conversion efficiency of wide band gap solar cells. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Qu, Ming-Hao; Wang, Ru-Zhi; Zhang, Ying; Li, Kai-Yu; Yan, Hui] Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Lab Thin Film Mat, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Yan] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Hunghom, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Hua] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Wang, RZ (reprint author), Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Lab Thin Film Mat, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
EM wrz@bjut.edu.cn; hyan@bjut.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51032002, 11274029,
11274028, 11074017]; Jing-Hua Talents Project of Beijing University of
Technology [2014-JH-L07]; Beijing Nova Program [20081310]; Importation
and Development of High-Caliber Talents Project of Beijing Municipal
Institutions [CITTCD201204037)]; Foundation on the Creative Research
Team Construction Promotion Project of Beijing Municipal Institution
[IDHT20140506]; Basic Research Foundation of Beijing University of
Technology
FX The work was financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 51032002, 11274029, 11274028, and
11074017), the Jing-Hua Talents Project of Beijing University of
Technology (No. 2014-JH-L07), the Beijing Nova Program (Grant No.
20081310), the Importation and Development of High-Caliber Talents
Project of Beijing Municipal Institutions(No. CIT&TCD201204037), the
Foundation on the Creative Research Team Construction Promotion Project
of Beijing Municipal Institution (No. IDHT20140506), and the Basic
Research Foundation of Beijing University of Technology.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-2313
EI 1872-7883
J9 J LUMIN
JI J. Lumines.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 148
BP 181
EP 185
DI 10.1016/j.jlumin.2013.12.032
PG 5
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AJ2TL
UT WOS:000337516000031
ER
PT J
AU Zaluzec, NJ
Burke, MG
Haigh, SJ
Kulzick, MA
AF Zaluzec, Nestor J.
Burke, M. Grace
Haigh, Sarah J.
Kulzick, Matthew A.
TI X-ray Energy-Dispersive Spectrometry During In Situ Liquid Cell Studies
Using an Analytical Electron Microscope
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE liquid cell; XEDS; EELS; microanalysis; eCell; STEM; TEM; AEM;
spectroscopy; in situ
ID LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; SPECIMENS; TEM
AB The use of analytical spectroscopies during scanning/transmission electron microscope (S/TEM) investigations of micro- and nano-scale structures has become a routine technique in the arsenal of tools available to today's materials researchers. Essential to implementation and successful application of spectroscopy to characterization is the integration of numerous technologies, which include electron optics, specimen holders, and associated detectors. While this combination has been achieved in many instrument configurations, the integration of X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy and in situ liquid environmental cells in the S/TEM has to date been elusive. In this work we present the successful incorporation/modifications to a system that achieves this functionality for analytical electron microscopy.
C1 [Zaluzec, Nestor J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Electron Microscopy, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Zaluzec, Nestor J.; Burke, M. Grace; Haigh, Sarah J.] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Mat Performance Ctr, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Zaluzec, Nestor J.; Burke, M. Grace; Haigh, Sarah J.] Univ Manchester, Ctr Electron Microscopy, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Kulzick, Matthew A.] BP Corp Res Ctr, Naperville, IL 60563 USA.
RP Zaluzec, NJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Electron Microscopy, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM Zaluzec@microscopy.com
RI Haigh, Sarah/D-1309-2014
OI Haigh, Sarah/0000-0001-5509-6706
FU US DoE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences at the Electron Microscopy
Center of Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; BP DRL
Innovation Fund, EPSRC [EP/G035954/1, EP/J021172/1]; Defense Threat
Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-12-1-0013]; FEI Titan [G2 80-200 200S/TEM];
University of Manchester
FX The authors wish to acknowledge technical discussions and support from
Protochips Inc., which facilitated this study. This work was supported
by multiple research grants including: the US DoE, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, and Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 at the Electron
Microscopy Center of Argonne National Laboratory, the BP 2013 DRL
Innovation Fund, EPSRC Grants # EP/G035954/1 and EP/J021172/1, and
Defense Threat Reduction Agency grant HDTRA1-12-1-0013, the FEI Titan G2
80-200 200S/TEM and associated with research capability of the Nuclear
Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre at the School of Materials,
University of Manchester, Manchester, UK was provided by HM Government
(UK). N.J.Z. also wishes to acknowledge support by the University of
Manchester in the form of an appointment as a visiting professor in the
School of Materials.
NR 17
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 7
U2 45
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
EI 1435-8115
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2
BP 323
EP 329
DI 10.1017/S1431927614000154
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA AI9YQ
UT WOS:000337304700002
PM 24564969
ER
PT J
AU Niu, KY
Liao, HG
Zheng, HM
AF Niu, Kai-Yang
Liao, Hong-Gang
Zheng, Haimei
TI Visualization of the Coalescence of Bismuth Nanoparticles
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE liquid cell TEM; in situ TEM; coalescence; surface diffusion; grain
boundary diffusion
ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY DIFFUSION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; AGGREGATIVE GROWTH;
SURFACE-DIFFUSION; QUANTUM WIRES; 2 PARTICLES; IN-SITU; CAPILLARITY;
PRECURSOR; PATHWAY
AB Coalescence is a significant pathway for the growth of nanostructures. Here we studied the coalescence of Bi nanoparticles in situ by liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The growth of Bi nanoparticles was initiated from a bismuth neodecanoate precursor solution by electron beam irradiation inside a liquid cell under the TEM. A significant number of coalescence events occurred from the as-grown Bi nanodots. Both symmetric coalescence of two equal-sized nanoparticles and asymmetric coalescence of two or more unequal-sized nanoparticles were analyzed along their growth trajectories. Our observation suggests that two mass transport mechanisms, i.e., surface diffusion and grain boundary diffusion, are responsible for the shape evolution of nanoparticles after a coalescence event.
C1 [Niu, Kai-Yang; Liao, Hong-Gang; Zheng, Haimei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zheng, Haimei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zheng, HM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM hmzheng@lbl.gov
RI Niu, Kaiyang/M-4765-2013; Liao, hong-gang/M-2476-2015
OI Niu, Kaiyang/0000-0003-3289-1322;
FU US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE Office of Science
Early Career Research Program
FX We performed in situ TEM experiments using Materials Sciences Division
TEM facilities at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories (LBNL). We did
ex situ liquid cell tests at the National Center for Electron Microscopy
of LBNL, which is funded by the US Department of Energy (DOE) under
Contract # DE-AC02-05CH11231. Niu would like to thank Dr. Huolin Xin for
his help with image processing. We thank funding support from the DOE
Office of Science Early Career Research Program.
NR 42
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 52
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
EI 1435-8115
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2
BP 416
EP 424
DI 10.1017/S1431927614000282
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA AI9YQ
UT WOS:000337304700010
PM 24636580
ER
PT J
AU Nielsen, MH
Li, DS
Zhang, HZ
Aloni, S
Han, TYJ
Frandsen, C
Seto, J
Banfield, JF
Colfen, H
De Yoreo, JJ
AF Nielsen, Michael H.
Li, Dongsheng
Zhang, Hengzhong
Aloni, Shaul
Han, T. Yong-Jin
Frandsen, Cathrine
Seto, Jong
Banfield, Jillian F.
Coelfen, Helmut
De Yoreo, James J.
TI Investigating Processes of Nanocrystal Formation and Transformation via
Liquid Cell TEM
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE liquid cell TEM; nucleation; oriented attachment; crystal growth
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; AMORPHOUS CALCIUM-CARBONATE; IN-SITU
OBSERVATION; ORIENTED ATTACHMENT; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; PRENUCLEATION
CLUSTERS; PRECURSOR PHASE; NUCLEATION; NANOPARTICLES; TEMPLATE
AB Recent ex situ observations of crystallization in both natural and synthetic systems indicate that the classical models of nucleation and growth are inaccurate. However, in situ observations that can provide direct evidence for alternative models have been lacking due to the limited temporal and spatial resolution of experimental techniques that can observe dynamic processes in a bulk solution. Here we report results from liquid cell transmission electron microscopy studies of nucleation and growth of Au, CaCO3, and iron oxide nanoparticles. We show how these in situ data can be used to obtain direct evidence for the mechanisms underlying nanoparticle crystallization as well as dynamic information that provide constraints on important energetic parameters not available through ex situ methods.
C1 [Nielsen, Michael H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Li, Dongsheng; De Yoreo, James J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Zhang, Hengzhong; Banfield, Jillian F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Aloni, Shaul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Han, T. Yong-Jin] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94720 USA.
[Frandsen, Cathrine] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
[Seto, Jong; Coelfen, Helmut] Univ Konstanz, Dept Phys Chem, D-78457 Constance, Germany.
[Seto, Jong] Ecole Normale Super, Dept Chem, F-75005 Paris, France.
RP De Yoreo, JJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM james.deyoreo@pnnl.gov
RI Frandsen, Cathrine/A-5729-2011; Nielsen, Michael/D-1881-2015; Foundry,
Molecular/G-9968-2014
OI Frandsen, Cathrine/0000-0001-5006-924X;
FU US Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US Department of Energy Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences; National Science Foundation
[DMR-1312697, CHE-1213835]; DoD, Air Force Office of Scientific
Research, National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG)
Fellowship [32 CFR 168a]; Foundation Pierre-Gilles de Gennes in Paris,
France; Danish Council for Independent Research; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Transmission electron microscopy was performed at the Molecular Foundry
and the National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory, with support from the US Department of Energy
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231. Research on iron oxide was performed with support
from US Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences. Research on calcium carbonate was performed with support from
the National Science Foundation under grant DMR-1312697. M. H. Nielsen
acknowledges Government support under and awarded by DoD, Air Force
Office of Scientific Research, National Defense Science and Engineering
Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship, 32 CFR 168a. J. Seto acknowledges financial
support from the Foundation Pierre-Gilles de Gennes in Paris, France. C.
Frandsen acknowledges support from The Danish Council for Independent
Research. H. Zhang and J. F. Banfield acknowledge support from the
National Science Foundation (Grant no. CHE-1213835) and US Department of
Energy (Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231).
NR 55
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 22
U2 147
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
EI 1435-8115
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2
BP 425
EP 436
DI 10.1017/S1431927614000294
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA AI9YQ
UT WOS:000337304700011
PM 24625923
ER
PT J
AU Rudolph, AR
Jungjohann, KL
Wheeler, DR
Brozik, SM
AF Rudolph, Angela R.
Jungjohann, Katherine L.
Wheeler, David R.
Brozik, Susan M.
TI Drying Effect Creates False Assemblies in DNA-Coated Gold Nanoparticles
as Determined Through In Situ Liquid Cell STEM
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE STEM; in situ; liquid cell; drying; nanoparticle; DNA; ordered; assembly
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; GROWTH; NANOCRYSTALS
AB The drying effect associated with utilizing transmission electron microscopy to study deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) remains largely uninvestigated, though this technique is frequently utilized to characterize nanoparticle-DNA interactions. Investigation of the drying effect is essential to the progress of the many fields that utilize AuNPs, including cancer research. In this study, we compare DNA hybridization-directed nanoparticle assemblies with control samples omitting the necessary complementary DNA, effectively blocking directed assembly, in both the liquid state and the dry state, within a scanning transmission electron microscope. We show that the dry samples contain AuNPs spaced at significantly smaller intervals than identical samples measured in situ, with no dependence on the DNA bound to the AuNPs in the dry samples. A partially wet sample, with distances measured along the drying edge, provided an intermediate binding distance, strengthening the conclusion that drastic differences observed between the dry and in situ samples are due to a pronounced drying effect. This drying effect will falsely indicate certain grouping arrangements and will change the impression of the size of the groups formed, providing misinformation for the development of these controlled assemblies that could impact applications such as targeted drug vehicles for cancer treatment.
C1 [Rudolph, Angela R.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Rudolph, Angela R.; Wheeler, David R.; Brozik, Susan M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Jungjohann, Katherine L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Jungjohann, KL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM kljungj@sandia.gov
FU Sandia National Laboratories under Laboratory Directed Research and
Development (LDRD); US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX In situ STEM and low voltage TEM experiments were performed at the
Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a DOE-BES supported national
user facility. We recognize the assistance from Dr. M. Josefina
Arellano-Jimenez for the low voltage TEM imaging. A. R. R., D. R. W, and
S. M. B. acknowledge support provided through Sandia National
Laboratories under Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD).
Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by
Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin
Company, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 17
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
EI 1435-8115
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2
BP 437
EP 444
DI 10.1017/S143192761400018X
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA AI9YQ
UT WOS:000337304700012
PM 24641789
ER
PT J
AU Unocic, RR
Sacci, RL
Brown, GM
Veith, GM
Dudney, NJ
More, KL
Walden, FS
Gardiner, DS
Damiano, J
Nackashi, DP
AF Unocic, Raymond R.
Sacci, Robert L.
Brown, Gilbert M.
Veith, Gabriel M.
Dudney, Nancy J.
More, Karren L.
Walden, Franklin S., II
Gardiner, Daniel S.
Damiano, John
Nackashi, David P.
TI Quantitative Electrochemical Measurements Using In Situ ec-S/TEM Devices
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE in situ ec-S; TEM; electrochemistry; microfluidic electrochemical cells;
microelectrodes
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; LIQUID CELL;
GROWTH; BEHAVIOR; MICROELECTRODES; SPECTROSCOPY; KINETICS; SYSTEMS;
ABSENCE
AB Insight into dynamic electrochemical processes can be obtained with in situ electrochemical-scanning/transmission electron microscopy (ec-S/TEM), a technique that utilizes microfluidic electrochemical cells to characterize electrochemical processes with S/TEM imaging, diffraction, or spectroscopy. The microfluidic electrochemical cell is composed of microfabricated devices with glassy carbon and platinum microband electrodes in a three-electrode cell configuration. To establish the validity of this method for quantitative in situ electrochemistry research, cyclic voltammetry (CV), choronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed using a standard one electron transfer redox couple [Fe(CN)(6)](3-/4-)-based electrolyte. Established relationships of the electrode geometry and microfluidic conditions were fitted with CV and chronoamperometic measurements of analyte diffusion coefficients and were found to agree with well-accepted values that are on the order of 10(-5) cm(2)/s. Influence of the electron beam on electrochemical measurements was found to be negligible during CV scans where the current profile varied only within a few nA with the electron beam on and off, which is well within the hysteresis between multiple CV scans. The combination of experimental results provides a validation that quantitative electrochemistry experiments can be performed with these small-scale microfluidic electrochemical cells provided that accurate geometrical electrode configurations, diffusion boundary layers, and microfluidic conditions are accounted for.
C1 [Unocic, Raymond R.; More, Karren L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Sacci, Robert L.; Veith, Gabriel M.; Dudney, Nancy J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Brown, Gilbert M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Walden, Franklin S., II; Gardiner, Daniel S.; Damiano, John; Nackashi, David P.] Protochips Inc, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA.
RP Unocic, RR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM unocicrr@ornl.gov
RI More, Karren/A-8097-2016; Dudney, Nancy/I-6361-2016;
OI More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Dudney, Nancy/0000-0001-7729-6178;
Unocic, Raymond/0000-0002-1777-8228
FU Fluid Interface Reactions Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, an
Energy Frontier Research Center - Department of Energy's Office of Basic
Energy Sciences Division; Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Center for
Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS) - Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy
FX Research supported by the Fluid Interface Reactions Structures and
Transport (FIRST) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by
the Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Sciences Division.
Research supported in part by Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Center for
Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is sponsored by the
Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US
Department of Energy.
NR 29
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 7
U2 57
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
EI 1435-8115
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2
BP 452
EP 461
DI 10.1017/S1431927614000166
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA AI9YQ
UT WOS:000337304700014
PM 24618013
ER
PT J
AU Mehdi, BL
Gu, M
Parent, LR
Xu, W
Nasybulin, EN
Chen, XL
Unocic, RR
Xu, PH
Welch, DA
Abellan, P
Zhang, JG
Liu, J
Wang, CM
Arslan, I
Evans, J
Browning, ND
AF Mehdi, B. Layla
Gu, Meng
Parent, Lucas R.
Xu, Wu
Nasybulin, Eduard N.
Chen, Xilin
Unocic, Raymond R.
Xu, Pinghong
Welch, David A.
Abellan, Patricia
Zhang, Ji-Guang
Liu, Jun
Wang, Chong-Min
Arslan, Ilke
Evans, James
Browning, Nigel D.
TI In-Situ Electrochemical Transmission Electron Microscopy for Battery
Research
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE in-situ liquid ec-TEM; assembly of in-situ liquid electrochemical TEM
cell; Li-ion battery; Si anode; Si nanowire lithiation; delithiation;
Li-ion battery
ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; CYCLING EFFICIENCY; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES;
THIN-FILMS; SILICON; LIQUID; LI; LITHIATION; GROWTH; DELITHIATION
AB The recent development of in-situ liquid stages for (scanning) transmission electron microscopes now makes it possible for us to study the details of electrochemical processes under operando conditions. As electrochemical processes are complex, care must be taken to calibrate the system before any in-situ/operando observations. In addition, as the electron beam can cause effects that look similar to electrochemical processes at the electrolyte/electrode interface, an understanding of the role of the electron beam in modifying the operando observations must also be understood. In this paper we describe the design, assembly, and operation of an in-situ electrochemical cell, paying particular attention to the method for controlling and quantifying the experimental parameters. The use of this system is then demonstrated for the lithiation/delithiation of silicon nanowires.
C1 [Mehdi, B. Layla; Parent, Lucas R.; Abellan, Patricia; Arslan, Ilke; Browning, Nigel D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Gu, Meng; Wang, Chong-Min; Evans, James] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Xu, Wu; Nasybulin, Eduard N.; Chen, Xilin; Zhang, Ji-Guang; Liu, Jun] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Unocic, Raymond R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Xu, Pinghong; Welch, David A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Mehdi, BL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM layla.mehdi@pnnl.gov
RI Abellan, Patricia/G-4255-2011;
OI Abellan, Patricia/0000-0002-5797-1102; Unocic,
Raymond/0000-0002-1777-8228; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X; Xu,
Wu/0000-0002-2685-8684
FU Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR), an Energy Innovation
Hub - US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences;
Chemical Imaging Initiative at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
(PNNL); US Department of Energy under the Batteries for Advanced
Transportation Technologies (BATT) program [DE-AC02-05CH11231, 18769];
DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; Battelle for the
Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RLO1830]; Fluid Interface Reactions
Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, an Energy Frontier Research
Center - Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES)-DOE (RRU)
FX This work was supported as part of the Joint Center for Energy Storage
Research (JCESR), an Energy Innovation Hub funded by the US Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences. Development of the
electrochemical liquid cell is supported by the Chemical Imaging
Initiative at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). J. Zhang and
Jun Liu would like to acknowledge the support of their time by the
Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office
of Vehicle Technologies of the US Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Subcontract No. 18769 under the Batteries for
Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) program. The work was
conducted in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences
Laboratory (EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by
DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at
PNNL. PNNL is operated by Battelle for the Department of Energy under
Contract DE-AC05-76RLO1830. The work in Oak Ridge is supported by the
Fluid Interface Reactions Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, an
Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences (BES)-DOE (RRU).
NR 45
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 13
U2 142
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
EI 1435-8115
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2
BP 484
EP 492
DI 10.1017/S1431927614000488
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA AI9YQ
UT WOS:000337304700017
PM 24755142
ER
PT J
AU Dahmen, T
Baudoin, JP
Lupini, AR
Kubel, C
Slusallek, P
de Jonge, N
AF Dahmen, Tim
Baudoin, Jean-Pierre
Lupini, Andrew R.
Kuebel, Christian
Slusallek, Philipp
de Jonge, Niels
TI Combined Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Tilt- and Focal
Series
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE STEM; tomography; 3D; focal series; whole cell; nanoparticle; SART; 3D
reconstruction; back projection
ID STEM TOMOGRAPHY; BIOLOGICAL SPECIMENS; 3-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION;
AXIAL RESOLUTION; CELLS; ART; ALGORITHM
AB In this study, a combined tilt- and focal series is proposed as a new recording scheme for high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) tomography. Three-dimensional (3D) data were acquired by mechanically tilting the specimen, and recording a through-focal series at each tilt direction. The sample was a whole-mount macrophage cell with embedded gold nanoparticles. The tilt-focal algebraic reconstruction technique (TF-ART) is introduced as a new algorithm to reconstruct tomograms from such combined tilt- and focal series. The feasibility of TF-ART was demonstrated by 3D reconstruction of the experimental 3D data. The results were compared with a conventional STEM tilt series of a similar sample. The combined tilt- and focal series led to smaller missing wedge artifacts, and a higher axial resolution than obtained for the STEM tilt series, thus improving on one of the main issues of tilt series-based electron tomography.
C1 [Dahmen, Tim; Slusallek, Philipp] German Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence GmbH DFKI, D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany.
[Baudoin, Jean-Pierre; de Jonge, Niels] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Lupini, Andrew R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kuebel, Christian] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, D-76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany.
[de Jonge, Niels] Leibniz Inst New Mat INM, D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany.
RP de Jonge, N (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
EM niels.dejonge@inm-gmbh.de
RI de Jonge, Niels/B-5677-2008;
OI Kuebel, Christian/0000-0001-5701-4006
FU US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Material Sciences and
Engineering Division; NIH [R01-GM081801]
FX We thank Lukas Marsallek and Steve Pennycook for discussions, and Eduard
Arzt for support through the Leibniz Institute for New Materials.
Electron microscopy was performed at the SHaRE user facility at Oak
Ridge National Laboratory, sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, US Department of Energy, and at the Karlsruhe Nano Micro
Facility, a Helmholtz research infrastructure at the Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology. This research was supported by the US Department of
Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Material Sciences and Engineering
Division, and by NIH grant R01-GM081801.
NR 49
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 11
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
EI 1435-8115
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2
BP 548
EP 560
DI 10.1017/S1431927614000075
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA AI9YQ
UT WOS:000337304700023
PM 24548618
ER
PT J
AU Parish, CM
Miller, MK
AF Parish, Chad M.
Miller, Michael K.
TI Aberration-Corrected X-Ray Spectrum Imaging and Fresnel Contrast to
Differentiate Nanoclusters and Cavities in Helium-Irradiated Alloy 14YWT
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Review
DE EDS; Fresnel contrast; aberration correction; multivariate statistical
analysis; nanostructured ferritic alloy
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; NANOSTRUCTURED FERRITIC ALLOY;
MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; DISPERSION-STRENGTHENED STEELS;
RADIATION-DAMAGE; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
STRUCTURAL-MATERIALS; MATERIALS CHALLENGES; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION
AB Helium accumulation negatively impacts structural materials used in neutron-irradiated environments, such as fission and fusion reactors. Next-generation fission and fusion reactors will require structural materials, such as steels, that are resistant to large neutron doses yet see service temperatures in the range most affected by helium embrittlement. Previous work has indicated the difficulty of experimentally differentiating nanometer-sized cavities such as helium bubbles from the Ti-Y-O rich nanoclusters (NCs) in radiation-tolerant nanostructured ferritic alloys (NFAs). Because the NCs are expected to sequester helium away from grain boundaries and reduce embrittlement, experimental methods to study simultaneously the NC and bubble populations are needed. In this study, aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) results combining high-collection-efficiency X-ray spectrum images (SIs), multivariate statistical analysis (MVSA), and Fresnel-contrast bright-field STEM imaging, have been used for such a purpose. Fresnel-contrast imaging, with careful attention to TEM-STEM reciprocity, differentiates bubbles from NCs. MVSA of X-ray SIs unambiguously identifies NCs. Therefore, combined Fresnel-contrast STEM and X-ray SI is an effective STEM-based method to characterize helium-bearing NFAs.
C1 [Parish, Chad M.; Miller, Michael K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Parish, CM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM parishcm@ornl.gov
RI Parish, Chad/J-8381-2013
FU Materials Sciences and Engineering Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, US Department of Energy; ORNL's Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences (CNMS); Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy; State of North Carolina;
National Science Foundation
FX This research was sponsored by the Materials Sciences and Engineering
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy, and
through a user project supported by ORNL's Center for Nanophase
Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is sponsored by the Scientific User
Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of
Energy. We acknowledge the use of the Analytical Instrumentation
Facility (AIF) at North Carolina State University, which is supported by
the State of North Carolina and the National Science Foundation. We
thank Dr. D. T. Hoelzer of ORNL for providing the samples of the
extruded 14YWT nanostructured ferritic alloy, Prof. A. Hallen of the
Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden for performing the helium
ion implantation, Prof. J.M. LeBeau, Dr. Xiahan Sang, and Dr. Yi Liu,
NCSU, for assistance with the NCSU Titan, Prof. S.J. Zinkle, University
of Tennessee, for suggesting the calculations relating to electron-beam
sputtering and displacement, and Dr. D. A. Cullen and Dr. K. G. Field,
ORNL, for critiquing the manuscript.
NR 103
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 25
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
EI 1435-8115
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2
BP 613
EP 626
DI 10.1017/S1431927614000312
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA AI9YQ
UT WOS:000337304700031
PM 24598435
ER
PT J
AU Sun, T
Treacy, MMJ
Li, T
Zaluzec, NJ
Gibson, JM
AF Sun, Tao
Treacy, Michael M. J.
Li, Tian
Zaluzec, Nestor J.
Gibson, J. Murray
TI The Importance of Averaging to Interpret Electron Correlographs of
Disordered Materials
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE electron correlograph analysis; angular autocorrelation; amorphous;
medium-range order; scanning transmission electron microscopy; electron
diffraction
ID MEDIUM-RANGE ORDER; FLUCTUATION MICROSCOPY; LOCAL-STRUCTURE;
CRYSTALLIZATION; SCATTERING; PROBE
AB The development of effective new tools for structural characterization of disordered materials and systems is becoming increasingly important as such tools provide the key to understanding, and ultimately controlling, their properties. The relatively novel technique of correlograph analysis (i.e., the approach of calculating angular autocorrelations within diffraction patterns) promises unique advantages for probing the local symmetries of disordered structures. Because correlograph analysis examines a component of the high-order four-body correlation function, it is more sensitive to medium-range ordering than conventional diffraction methods. As a follow-up of our previous publication, where we studied thin samples of sputtered amorphous silicon, we describe here the practical experimental method and common systematic errors of electron correlograph analysis. Using both experimental data and numerical simulations, we demonstrate that reliable structural information about the sample can only be extracted from the mean correlograph averaged over a sufficient number of individual results.
C1 [Sun, Tao] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Treacy, Michael M. J.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Li, Tian] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Zaluzec, Nestor J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Gibson, J. Murray] Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Sun, T (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM taosun@aps.anl.gov; m.gibson@neu.edu
FU US Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US Department of Energy [DE-SC0004929]
FX The authors would like to thank Prof. John Abelson's group at the
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for preparing the amorphous
silicon thin films. The experiments were accomplished at the Electron
Microscopy Center at Argonne National Laboratory, a US Department of
Energy Office of Science Laboratory operated under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357 by UChicago Argonne, LLC. MMJT is grateful for support
under US Department of Energy, Contract No. DE-SC0004929.
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 14
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
EI 1435-8115
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 2
BP 627
EP 634
DI 10.1017/S1431927613014116
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA AI9YQ
UT WOS:000337304700032
PM 24552842
ER
PT J
AU Burr, T
Hamada, MS
AF Burr, T.
Hamada, M. S.
TI Analyzing censored data in the analysis of multiplicative repeatability
and reproducibility studies
SO ACCREDITATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Censored data; Likelihood; Markov Chain Monte Carlo; Repeatability and
reproducibility studies
ID RESOLUTION; UNCERTAINTY
AB Measurements from instruments are sometimes censored at or below the instrument's lower or upper limit of detection because the instruments have a calibrated response only over a certain data range. Near the ends of the range, the system reports a censored value such as "measurand value is less than threshold,'' or "measurand value is more than threshold.'' How should one analyze data that includes such "less than'' and/or "more than'' results and what is the impact of such censoring on estimation of variance components? To answer these two questions, this article makes three contributions: (1) It illustrates a straightforward numerical Bayesian analysis of such censored data based on the likelihood function, (2) it provides a simulation study to show the impact of increased amounts of censoring, and (3) it shows that if the true likelihood has an unknown form for measurand values near the threshold and another known form away from the threshold, then it is prudent for the measurement system to report censored values rather than actual values. Open source software to analyze censored data is provided as supplementary material.
C1 [Burr, T.; Hamada, M. S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Burr, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Stat Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM tburr@lanl.gov
FU DHS/DNDO
FX We thank DHS/DNDO for supporting this work.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-1775
EI 1432-0517
J9 ACCREDIT QUAL ASSUR
JI Accredit. Qual. Assur.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 19
IS 2
BP 75
EP 80
DI 10.1007/s00769-014-1044-9
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA AI6XH
UT WOS:000337019900005
ER
PT J
AU Gao, W
Wu, G
Janicke, MT
Cullen, DA
Mukundan, R
Baldwin, JK
Brosha, EL
Galande, C
Ajayan, PM
More, KL
Dattelbaum, AM
Zelenay, P
AF Gao, Wei
Wu, Gang
Janicke, Michael T.
Cullen, David A.
Mukundan, Rangachary
Baldwin, Jon K.
Brosha, Eric L.
Galande, Charudatta
Ajayan, Pulickel M.
More, Karren L.
Dattelbaum, Andrew M.
Zelenay, Piotr
TI Ozonated Graphene Oxide Film as a Proton-Exchange Membrane
SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
LA English
DT Article
DE fuel cells; graphene oxide; ionic conductivity; ozonation;
proton-exchange membrane
ID GRAPHITE OXIDE; NANOSHEETS; TRANSPORT; CELLS
AB Graphene oxide (GO) contains several chemical functional groups that are attached to the graphite basal plane and can be manipulated to tailor GO for specific applications. It is now revealed that the reaction of GO with ozone results in a high level of oxidation, which leads to significantly improved ionic (protonic) conductivity of the GO. Freestanding ozonated GO films were synthesized and used as efficient polymer electrolyte fuel cell membranes. The increase in protonic conductivity of the ozonated GO originates from enhanced proton hopping, which is due to the higher content of oxygenated functional groups in the basal planes and edges of ozonated GO as well as the morphology changes in GO that are caused by ozonation. The results of this study demonstrate that the modification of dispersed GO presents a powerful opportunity for optimizing a nanoscale material for proton-exchange membranes.
C1 [Gao, Wei; Wu, Gang; Mukundan, Rangachary; Baldwin, Jon K.; Brosha, Eric L.; Dattelbaum, Andrew M.; Zelenay, Piotr] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Janicke, Michael T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Cullen, David A.; More, Karren L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Galande, Charudatta; Ajayan, Pulickel M.] Rice Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
RP Dattelbaum, AM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM amdattel@lanl.gov; zelenay@lanl.gov
RI Wu, Gang/E-8536-2010; Cullen, David/A-2918-2015; More,
Karren/A-8097-2016;
OI Wu, Gang/0000-0003-4956-5208; Cullen, David/0000-0002-2593-7866; More,
Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Janicke, Michael/0000-0002-3139-2882;
Mukundan, Rangachary/0000-0002-5679-3930
FU Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department
of Energy (DOE) through the Fuel Cell Technologies Office; Los Alamos
National Laboratory through the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development (LDRD) program; Los Alamos National Laboratory through
Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship; Oak Ridge National Laboratory's
Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS); Scientific User
Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US DOE
FX Support from the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) through the Fuel Cell Technologies
Office and from Los Alamos National Laboratory through the Laboratory
Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program and a Director's
Postdoctoral Fellowship for W. G. is gratefully acknowledged. This work
was done in part at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an
Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. DOE Office of
Science by Los Alamos National Laboratory and Sandia National
Laboratories. This research was supported in part by Oak Ridge National
Laboratory's Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is
sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, US DOE.
NR 26
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 12
U2 166
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1433-7851
EI 1521-3773
J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT
JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 14
BP 3588
EP 3593
DI 10.1002/anie.201310908
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AI8NW
UT WOS:000337176800003
PM 24677748
ER
PT J
AU Files, MD
Kajimoto, M
Priddy, CMO
Ledee, DR
Xu, C
Rosiers, CD
Isern, N
Portman, MA
AF Files, Matthew D.
Kajimoto, Masaki
Priddy, Colleen M. O'Kelly
Ledee, Dolena R.
Xu, Chun
Des Rosiers, Christine
Isern, Nancy
Portman, Michael A.
TI Triiodothyronine Facilitates Weaning From Extracorporeal Membrane
Oxygenation by Improved Mitochondrial Substrate Utilization
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE cardiac metabolism; congenital heart defects; extracorporeal
circulation; thyroid hormone
ID CITRIC-ACID CYCLE; IMMATURE SWINE HEART; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS;
IN-VIVO; REPERFUSION; METABOLISM; PYRUVATE; FLUX; ISCHEMIA; CHILDREN
AB Background-Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) provides a bridge to recovery after myocardial injury in infants and children, yet morbidity and mortality remain high. Weaning from the circuit requires adequate cardiac contractile function, which can be impaired by metabolic disturbances induced either by ischemia-reperfusion and/or by ECMO. We tested the hypothesis that although ECMO partially ameliorates metabolic abnormalities induced by ischemia-reperfusion, these abnormalities persist or recur with weaning. We also determined if thyroid hormone supplementation (triiodothyronine) during ECMO improves oxidative metabolism and cardiac function.
Methods and Results-Neonatal piglets underwent transient coronary ischemia to induce cardiac injury then were separated into 4 groups based on loading status. Piglets without coronary ischemia served as controls. We infused into the left coronary artery [2-C-13]pyruvate and [C-13(6), N-15](L)-leucine to evaluate oxidative metabolism by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance methods. ECMO improved survival, increased oxidative substrate contribution through pyruvate dehydrogenase, reduced succinate and fumarate accumulation, and ameliorated ATP depletion induced by ischemia. The functional and metabolic benefit of ECMO was lost with weaning, yet triiodothyronine supplementation during ECMO restored function, increased relative pyruvate dehydrogenase flux, reduced succinate and fumarate, and preserved ATP stores.
Conclusions-Although ECMO provides metabolic rest by decreasing energy demand, metabolic impairments persist, and are exacerbated with weaning. Treating ECMO-induced thyroid depression with triiodothyronine improves substrate flux, myocardial oxidative capacity and cardiac contractile function. This translational model suggests that metabolic targeting can improve weaning.
C1 [Files, Matthew D.; Portman, Michael A.] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Seattle, WA USA.
[Files, Matthew D.; Kajimoto, Masaki; Ledee, Dolena R.; Xu, Chun; Portman, Michael A.] Seattle Childrens Res Inst, Ctr Dev Therapeut, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
[Priddy, Colleen M. O'Kelly] Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Des Rosiers, Christine] Univ Montreal, Dept Nutr, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
[Des Rosiers, Christine] Montreal Heart Inst, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada.
[Isern, Nancy] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA USA.
RP Portman, MA (reprint author), Seattle Childrens Res Inst, 1900 9th Ave, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
EM michael.portman@seat-tlechildrens.org
RI Des Rosiers, Christine/O-6285-2014
FU National Institutes of Health [R01HL60666]
FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01HL60666
to M. A. Portman).
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2047-9980
J9 J AM HEART ASSOC
JI J. Am. Heart Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 3
IS 2
AR e000680
DI 10.1161/JAHA.113.000680
PG 12
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA AI3XC
UT WOS:000336798000009
PM 24650924
ER
PT J
AU Xu, P
Dauter, Z
Kovac, P
AF Xu, Peng
Dauter, Zbigniew
Kovac, Pavol
TI Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of Sodium (Methyl
alpha-D-Mannopyranosid)uronate Monohydrate
SO SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART
LA English
DT Article
DE mannuronic acid; oxidation; chemoselective methylation; TEMPO; HPLC
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; D-MANNURONIC ACID; GLUCURONIC-ACID; HYPOCHLORITE;
DERIVATIVES; OXIDATION; ALCOHOLS; ETHERS; TEMPO
AB TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl)-mediated oxidation of methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside with sodium hypochlorite gave sodium (methyl alpha-D-mannopyranosid)uronate, which was obtained as a crystalline monohydrate in similar to 70% yield without chromatography. Its purity was proved by NMR spectroscopy, a newly developed HPLC method, combustion analysis, and X-ray crystallography. The crystal structure, solved from synchrotron diffraction data in space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), revealed that the packing of the uronate molecules is connected by an extensive network of hydrogen bonds, and that the Na+ ion is coordinated by six oxygen ligands from one water and three surrounding sugar molecules.
C1 [Xu, Peng; Kovac, Pavol] NIDDK, LBC, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Dauter, Zbigniew] NCI, Macromol Crystallog Lab, Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Kovac, P (reprint author), NIDDK, LBC, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM kpn@helix.nih.gov
FU NIH, NCI; NIH, NIDDK
FX This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the
NIH, NCI, and NIDDK.
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG
PI STUTTGART
PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0039-7881
EI 1437-210X
J9 SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART
JI Synthesis
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 46
IS 8
BP 1073
EP 1078
DI 10.1055/s-0033-1340843
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA AI4MG
UT WOS:000336838900007
ER
PT J
AU Lundmark, T
Bergh, J
Hofer, P
Lundstrom, A
Nordin, A
Poudel, BC
Sathre, R
Taverna, R
Werner, F
AF Lundmark, Tomas
Bergh, Johan
Hofer, Peter
Lundstrom, Anders
Nordin, Annika
Poudel, Bishnu Chandra
Sathre, Roger
Taverna, Ruedi
Werner, Frank
TI Potential Roles of Swedish Forestry in the Context of Climate Change
Mitigation
SO FORESTS
LA English
DT Article
DE forest growth; harvest; substitution; carbon dioxide; abroad; in-country
ID NORTH-CENTRAL SWEDEN; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; CARBON; MODEL; WOOD; CO2;
SUBSTITUTION; MANAGEMENT; BALANCES; SINKS
AB In Sweden, where forests cover more than 60% of the land area, silviculture and the use of forest products by industry and society play crucial roles in the national carbon balance. A scientific challenge is to understand how different forest management and wood use strategies can best contribute to climate change mitigation benefits. This study uses a set of models to analyze the effects of different forest management and wood use strategies in Sweden on carbon dioxide emissions and removals through 2105. If the present Swedish forest use strategy is continued, the long-term climate change mitigation benefit will correspond to more than 60 million tons of avoided or reduced emissions of carbon dioxide annually, compared to a scenario with similar consumption patterns in society but where non-renewable products are used instead of forest-based products. On average about 470 kg of carbon dioxide emissions are avoided for each cubic meter of biomass harvested, after accounting for carbon stock changes, substitution effects and all emissions related to forest management and industrial processes. Due to Sweden's large export share of forest-based products, the climate change mitigation effect of Swedish forestry is larger abroad than within the country. The study also shows that silvicultural methods to increase forest biomass production can further reduce net carbon dioxide emissions by an additional 40 million tons of per year. Forestry's contribution to climate change mitigation could be significantly increased if management of the boreal forest were oriented towards increased biomass production and if more wood were used to substitute fossil fuels and energy-intensive materials.
C1 [Lundmark, Tomas] Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden.
[Bergh, Johan] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Swedish Forest Res Ctr, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden.
[Hofer, Peter; Taverna, Ruedi] GEO Partner AG, CH-8050 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Lundstrom, Anders] Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Dept Forest Resource Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden.
[Nordin, Annika] Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Dept Forest Genet & Plant Physiol, S-90183 Umea, Sweden.
[Poudel, Bishnu Chandra] Mid Sweden Univ, S-83125 Ostersund, Sweden.
[Sathre, Roger] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Werner, Frank] Werner Environm & Dev, CH-8003 Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Lundmark, T (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden.
EM tomas.lundmark@slu.se; johan.bergh@slu.se; hofer@geopartner.ch;
anders.lundstrom@slu.se; annika.nordin@slu.se; bishnu.poudel@miun.se;
rsathre@lbl.gov; taverna@geopartner.ch; frank@frankwerner.ch
RI Bergh, Johan/R-4501-2016
OI Bergh, Johan/0000-0003-4723-1626
FU European Union's Regional Development Fund; Future Forests research
program at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Sweden
FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the European Union's
Regional Development Fund, and from the Future Forests research program
at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Sweden. We
thank the staff member of SLU Unit of Field Based Forest Research, for
providing us with several statistical datasets. We are also very
thankful to Goran Agren and Riita Hyvonen for advice and support
provided on the use of soil carbon modeling. We are also thankful for
the contribution of the anonymous reviewers.
NR 66
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 10
U2 59
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1999-4907
J9 FORESTS
JI Forests
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 4
BP 557
EP 578
DI 10.3390/f5040557
PG 22
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA AI5KL
UT WOS:000336905000001
ER
PT J
AU Choi, JH
Dai, S
Cha, JH
Seol, Y
AF Choi, Jeong-Hoon
Dai, Sheng
Cha, Jong-Ho
Seol, Yongkoo
TI Laboratory formation of noncementing hydrates in sandy sediments
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE noncementing hydrate; saline water injection; temperature warming;
cooling; compressional wave velocity; rock physics model
ID METHANE HYDRATE; GAS-HYDRATE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; MARINE-SEDIMENTS;
POROUS-MEDIUM; WATER; DISSOCIATION; VELOCITIES; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH
AB Natural hydrate-bearing sediment (HBS) predominantly exists in noncementing habit, and its limited availability for use in laboratory studies demands a time-effective and repeatable laboratory process for forming representative samples with natural accumulation habit. This study reports on a three-step laboratory process for forming noncementing methane hydrate in sandy sediments: (1) initial HBS formation under excess-gas conditions; (2) slow saline water (5 wt % CaCl2) injection under strictly controlled pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions; and (3) a temperature warming/cooling cycle. Changes in compressional wave velocity (V-p) of sediment, as well as P-T condition, were monitored throughout the tests. The evolution of V-p, in good agreement with rock physics model calculations, suggested that the transition from cementing hydrate into noncementing hydrate occurs during saline injection as well as temperature warming/cooling cycle. The proposed process appeared to be an efficient and consistent substitute for the existing methods, to form noncementing hydrate habit in sandy sediments.
C1 [Choi, Jeong-Hoon; Dai, Sheng; Cha, Jong-Ho; Seol, Yongkoo] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
RP Seol, Y (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
EM Yongkoo.seol@netl.doe.gov
RI Dai, Sheng/A-1691-2015;
OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0003-0221-3993
FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) under U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) Postgraduate Research Program at NETL
FX We thank Karl Jarvis (URS) for technical support and Wu Zhang (NETL),
Richard Baker (NETL), Evgeniy Myshakin (URS), and Timothy Kneafsey
(LBNL) for their discussions. J.-H. Choi, S. Dai, and J.-H. Cha are
supported via the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE)
under a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Postgraduate
Research Program at NETL.
NR 45
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 4
BP 1648
EP 1656
DI 10.1002/2014GC005287
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AH9VR
UT WOS:000336493400050
ER
PT J
AU Kneifel, S
Redl, S
Orlandi, E
Lohnert, U
Cadeddu, MP
Turner, DD
Chen, MT
AF Kneifel, Stefan
Redl, Stephanie
Orlandi, Emiliano
Loehnert, Ulrich
Cadeddu, Maria P.
Turner, David D.
Chen, Ming-Tang
TI Absorption Properties of Supercooled Liquid Water between 31 and 225
GHz: Evaluation of Absorption Models Using Ground-Based Observations
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CLOUD LIQUID; DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; ICE;
PERMITTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; THZ; FREQUENCIES; RETRIEVAL; VAPOR
AB Microwave radiometers (MWR) are commonly used to quantify the amount of supercooled liquid water (SLW) in clouds; however, the accuracy of the SLW retrievals is limited by the poor knowledge of the SLW dielectric properties at microwave frequencies. Six liquid water permittivity models were compared with ground-based MWR observations between 31 and 225 GHz from sites in Greenland, the German Alps, and a low-mountain site; average cloud temperatures of observed thin cloud layers range from 0 degrees to -33 degrees C. A recently published method to derive ratios of liquid water opacity from different frequencies was employed in this analysis. These ratios are independent of liquid water path and equal to the ratio of alpha(L) at those frequencies that can be directly compared with the permittivity model predictions. The observed opacity ratios from all sites show highly consistent results that are generally within the range of model predictions; however, none of the models are able to approximate the observations over the entire frequency and temperature range. Findings in earlier published studies were used to select one specific model as a reference model for alpha(L) at 90 GHz; together with the observed opacity ratios, the temperature dependence of alpha(L) at 31.4, 52.28, 150, and 225 GHz was derived. The results reveal that two models fit the opacity ratio data better than the other four models, with one of the two models fitting the data better for frequencies below 90GHz and the other for higher frequencies. These findings are relevant for SLW retrievals and radiative transfer in the 31-225-GHz frequency region.
C1 [Kneifel, Stefan; Redl, Stephanie] Univ Cologne, Climate Monitoring Branch, Hans Ertel Ctr Weather Res, D-50969 Cologne, Germany.
[Kneifel, Stefan; Orlandi, Emiliano; Loehnert, Ulrich] Univ Cologne, Inst Geophys & Meteorol, D-50969 Cologne, Germany.
[Cadeddu, Maria P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Turner, David D.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Chen, Ming-Tang] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
RP Kneifel, S (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Geophys & Meteorol, Pohligstr 3, D-50969 Cologne, Germany.
EM skneifel@meteo.uni-koeln.de
RI Lohnert, Ulrich/C-3303-2013; Kneifel, Stefan/A-2044-2015
OI Lohnert, Ulrich/0000-0002-9023-0269; Kneifel, Stefan/0000-0003-2220-2968
FU German Science Foundation (DFG) [LO 901/3-1]; DFG [WU 356/4-2]; U.S.
National Science Foundation under Arctic Observing Network (AON) program
[ARC-0856773, 0904152, 0856559]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DFG priority program High Altitude and Long
Range Research Aircraft [SPP 1294, GZ: CR 111/9-1]
FX The data from the UFS site used in this study were collected as part of
the TOSCA campaign, which has been funded by the German Science
Foundation (DFG) under Grant LO 901/3-1. The radiosonde, cloud radar,
and lidar observations at the FKB site were collected by the U.S.
Department of Energy ARM's mobile facility as part of COPS; the MWR data
at the FKB site have been collected during the GOP campaign, which has
been funded by DFG under Grant WU 356/4-2. ICECAPS is supported by the
U.S. National Science Foundation under Grants ARC-0856773, 0904152, and
0856559 as part of the Arctic Observing Network (AON) program, with
additional instrumentation support provided by the NOAA Earth System
Research Laboratory, ARM, and Environment Canada. ICECAPS data are
available via the ARM data archive. Argonne National Laboratory's work
was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under
Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. Research done by Stefan Kneifel and
Stephanie Redl has been carried out within the Hans Ertel Centre for
Weather Research. Climate Monitoring Branch. Contributions from Emiliano
Orlandi have been financed by the DFG priority program High Altitude and
Long Range Research Aircraft [HALO (SPP 1294) Project: Using the HALO
Microwave Package (HAMP) for cloud and precipitation research, GZ: CR
111/9-1]. The authors are also very grateful to Susanne Crewell
(University of Cologne) for many fruitful discussions. Constructive
comments from three anonymous reviewers are also gratefully recognized.
NR 40
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 4
BP 1028
EP 1045
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-13-0214.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AH9GG
UT WOS:000336449300015
ER
PT J
AU Rubenchik, AM
Fedoruk, MP
Turitsyn, SK
AF Rubenchik, Alexander M.
Fedoruk, Michail P.
Turitsyn, Sergei K.
TI The effect of self-focusing on laser space-debris cleaning
SO LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE laser; self-focusing; space debris
ID ROTATIONAL RAMAN-SCATTERING
AB A ground-based laser system for space-debris cleaning will use powerful laser pulses that can self-focus while propagating through the atmosphere. We demonstrate that for the relevant laser parameters, this self-focusing can noticeably decrease the laser intensity on the target. We show that the detrimental effect can be, to a great extent, compensated for by applying the optimal initial beam defocusing. The effect of laser elevation on the system performance is discussed.
C1 [Rubenchik, Alexander M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Fedoruk, Michail P.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Computat Technol, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Fedoruk, Michail P.; Turitsyn, Sergei K.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Turitsyn, Sergei K.] Aston Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Aston Inst Photon Technol, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, England.
RP Turitsyn, SK (reprint author), Aston Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Aston Inst Photon Technol, Birmingham B4 7ET, W Midlands, England.
EM s.k.turitsyn@aston.ac.uk
FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; ERC; Ministry of Education and Science of the
Russian Federation [14.B25.31.0003]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344. The support of the ERC and the grant from the
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (agreement
no. 14.B25.31.0003) are acknowledged.
NR 14
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 12
PU CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES, CHANGCHUN INST OPTICS FINE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS
PI CHANGCHUN
PA 3888, DONGNANHU ROAD, CHANGCHUN, 130033, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 2047-7538
J9 LIGHT-SCI APPL
JI Light-Sci. Appl.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 3
AR e159
DI 10.1038/lsa.2014.40
PG 6
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AI5JL
UT WOS:000336902100002
ER
PT J
AU Canini, L
Conway, JM
Perelson, AS
Carrat, F
AF Canini, Laetitia
Conway, Jessica M.
Perelson, Alan S.
Carrat, Fabrice
TI Impact of Different Oseltamivir Regimens on Treating Influenza A Virus
Infection and Resistance Emergence: Insights from a Modelling Study
SO PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITOR OSELTAMIVIR; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL;
ADAPTIVE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; EFFICACY; CHILDREN; SAFETY; PHARMACOKINETICS;
SURVEILLANCE; METAANALYSIS; BANGLADESH
AB Several studies have proven oseltamivir to be efficient in reducing influenza viral titer and symptom intensity. However, the usefulness of oseltamivir can be compromised by the emergence and spread of drug-resistant virus. The selective pressure exerted by different oseltamivir therapy regimens have received little attention. Combining models of drug pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, viral kinetics and symptom dynamics, we explored the efficacy of oseltamivir in reducing both symptoms (symptom efficacy) and viral load (virological efficacy). We simulated samples of 1000 subjects using previously estimated between-subject variability in viral and symptom dynamic parameters to describe the observed heterogeneity in a patient population. We simulated random mutations conferring resistance to oseltamivir. We explored the effect of therapy initiation time, dose, intake frequency and therapy duration on influenza infection, illness dynamics, and emergence of viral resistance. Symptom and virological efficacies were strongly associated with therapy initiation time. The proportion of subjects shedding resistant virus was 27-fold higher when prophylaxis was initiated during the incubation period compared with no treatment. It fell to below 1% when treatment was initiated after symptom onset for twice-a-day intakes. Lower doses and prophylaxis regimens led to lower efficacies and increased risk of resistance emergence. We conclude that prophylaxis initiated during the incubation period is the main factor leading to resistance emergence.
C1 [Canini, Laetitia; Carrat, Fabrice] Inst Pierre Louis Epidemiol & Sante Publ, INSERM, UMR S 1136, Paris, France.
[Canini, Laetitia; Carrat, Fabrice] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Inst Pierre Louis Epidemiol & Sante Publ, UMR S 1136, Paris, France.
[Canini, Laetitia; Conway, Jessica M.; Perelson, Alan S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Carrat, Fabrice] Hop St Antoine, AP HP, F-75571 Paris, France.
RP Canini, L (reprint author), Inst Pierre Louis Epidemiol & Sante Publ, INSERM, UMR S 1136, Paris, France.
EM laetitia.canini@gmail.com
OI CARRAT, fabrice/0000-0002-8672-7918
FU European Union [20160]; French Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et
de la Recherche; National Institute of Health [OD011095]; NIH
[HH5N272201000055C]
FX This work was supported by grants from the European Union FP7 project
FLUMODCONT (no. 20160), from the French Ministere de l'Enseignement
Superieur et de la Recherche, the National Institute of Health
(OD011095) and NIH contract HH5N272201000055C. The funders had no role
in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 55
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 14
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1553-734X
EI 1553-7358
J9 PLOS COMPUT BIOL
JI PLoS Comput. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 4
AR e1003568
DI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003568
PG 12
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA AI0AF
UT WOS:000336507500033
PM 24743564
ER
PT J
AU Back, BB
Clark, JA
Pardo, RC
Rehm, KE
Savard, G
AF Back, B. B.
Clark, J. A.
Pardo, R. C.
Rehm, K. E.
Savard, G.
TI Astrophysics experiments with radioactive beams at ATLAS
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-RICH ISOTOPES; X-RAY-BURSTS; PENNING TRAP; R-PROCESS; NUCLEAR
ASTROPHYSICS; MASS MEASUREMENTS; HEAVY-ELEMENTS; ION-BEAMS; ENERGIES;
STARS
AB Reactions involving short-lived nuclei play an important role in nuclear astrophysics, especially in explosive scenarios which occur in novae, supernovae or X-ray bursts. This article describes the nuclear astrophysics program with radioactive ion beams at the ATLAS accelerator at Argonne National Laboratory. The CARIBU facility as well as recent improvements for the in-flight technique are discussed. New detectors which are important for studies of the rapid proton or the rapid neutron-capture processes are described. At the end we briefly mention plans for future upgrades to enhance the intensity, purity and the range of in-flight and CARIBU beams. (C) 2014 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
C1 [Back, B. B.; Clark, J. A.; Pardo, R. C.; Rehm, K. E.; Savard, G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Back, BB (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM rehm@anl.gov
OI Pardo, Richard/0000-0002-8264-9430
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We thank Benjamin Kay for a careful reading of this manuscript. We also
are grateful to Martin Alcorta, Clayton Dickerson, Shashi Manaconda, and
Brahim Mustapha for their contributions to the reaction simulations
presented in this review. This work was supported by the US Department
of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 81
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
AR 041005
DI 10.1063/1.4865588
PG 29
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA AH4FG
UT WOS:000336082000006
ER
PT J
AU Bertolli, M
Chipps, KA
AF Bertolli, M.
Chipps, K. A.
TI Preface to Special Topic: Stardust: Progress and Problems in Nuclear
Astrophysics
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Bertolli, M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Chipps, K. A.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Chipps, K. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Bertolli, M (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM bertollimg@ornl.gov; kchipps@nuclearemail.org
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
AR 040901
DI 10.1063/1.4874555
PG 3
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA AH4FG
UT WOS:000336082000001
ER
PT J
AU Fryer, CL
Even, W
Grefenstette, BW
Wong, TW
AF Fryer, Chris L.
Even, Wesley
Grefenstette, Brian W.
Wong, Tsing-Wai
TI Observational constraints of stellar collapse: Diagnostic probes of
nature's extreme matter experiment
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-POOR STARS; R-PROCESS NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; GAMMA-RAY BURST; COMPACT
OBJECT FORMATION; NEUTRINO-DRIVEN WINDS; II-P SUPERNOVAE;
MASS-DISTRIBUTION; BLACK-HOLES; CASSIOPEIA-A; BINARY CHARACTERISTICS
AB Supernovae are Nature's high-energy, high density laboratory experiments, reaching densities in excess of nuclear densities and temperatures above 10 MeV. Astronomers have built up a suite of diagnostics to study these supernovae. If we can utilize these diagnostics, and tie them together with a theoretical understanding of supernova physics, we can use these cosmic explosions to study the nature of matter at these extreme densities and temperatures. Capitalizing on these diagnostics will require understanding a wide range of additional physics. Here we review the diagnostics and the physics neeeded to use them to learn about the supernova engine, and ultimate nuclear physics. (C) 2014 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
C1 [Fryer, Chris L.; Even, Wesley] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Grefenstette, Brian W.] CALTECH, Space Radiat Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Wong, Tsing-Wai] Northwestern Univ, CIERA, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Wong, Tsing-Wai] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Wong, Tsing-Wai] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Fryer, Chris L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Fryer, Chris L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Fryer, CL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM fryer@lanl.gov
OI Even, Wesley/0000-0002-5412-3618
FU National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of
Energy at Los Alamos National Laboratory [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX The work of C.L.F. and W.E. was done under the auspices of the National
Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy at Los
Alamos National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 166
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
AR 041014
DI 10.1063/1.4870404
PG 26
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA AH4FG
UT WOS:000336082000015
ER
PT J
AU Hix, WR
Lentz, EJ
Endeve, E
Baird, M
Chertkow, MA
Harris, JA
Messer, OEB
Mezzacappa, A
Bruenn, S
Blondin, J
AF Hix, W. Raphael
Lentz, Eric J.
Endeve, Eirik
Baird, Mark
Chertkow, M. Austin
Harris, J. Austin
Messer, O. E. Bronson
Mezzacappa, Anthony
Bruenn, Stephen
Blondin, John
TI Essential ingredients in core-collapse supernovae
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ACCRETION-SHOCK INSTABILITY; EQUATION-OF-STATE; RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR
INSTABILITIES; SPECTRAL NEUTRINO TRANSPORT; ROTATING MASSIVE STARS;
HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; CIRCLE-DOT STARS; II
SUPERNOVAE; DRIVEN SUPERNOVA
AB Carrying 10(44) joules of kinetic energy and a rich mix of newly synthesized atomic nuclei, core-collapse supernovae are the preeminent foundries of the nuclear species which make up our solar system and ourselves. Signaling the inevitable death of a massive star, and the birth of a neutron star or black hole, core-collapse supernovae combine physics over a wide range in spatial scales, from kilometer-sized hydrodynamic motions (eventually growing to gigameter scale) down to femtometer-scale nuclear reactions. We will discuss our emerging understanding of the convectively-unstable, neutrino-driven explosion mechanism, based on increasingly realistic neutrino radiation hydrodynamic simulations that include progressively better nuclear and particle physics. Multi-dimensional models with spectral neutrino transport from several research groups, which slowly develop successful explosions for a range of progenitors, have recently motivated changes in our understanding of the neutrino reheating mechanism. In a similar fashion, improvements in nuclear physics, most notably explorations of weak interactions on nuclei and the nuclear equation of state, continue to refine our understanding of the births of neutron stars and the supernovae that result. Recent progress on both the macroscopic and microscopic effects that affect core-collapse supernovae are discussed. (C) 2014 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
C1 [Hix, W. Raphael; Messer, O. E. Bronson] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Hix, W. Raphael; Lentz, Eric J.; Chertkow, M. Austin; Harris, J. Austin; Messer, O. E. Bronson; Mezzacappa, Anthony] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Endeve, Eirik] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Baird, Mark] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Reactor & Nucl Syst Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Messer, O. E. Bronson] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Mezzacappa, Anthony] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Bruenn, Stephen] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Phys, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA.
[Blondin, John] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Hix, WR (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Messer, Bronson/G-1848-2012; Lentz, Eric/M-7173-2015; Hix,
William/E-7896-2011; Mezzacappa, Anthony/B-3163-2017;
OI Messer, Bronson/0000-0002-5358-5415; Lentz, Eric/0000-0002-5231-0532;
Hix, William/0000-0002-9481-9126; Mezzacappa,
Anthony/0000-0001-9816-9741; Endeve, Eirik/0000-0003-1251-9507; Harris,
J. Austin/0000-0003-3023-7140
FU NASA Astrophysics Theory Program [NNH11AQ72I]; NSF [OCI-0749242,
AST-0653376]; Department of Energy Offices of Nuclear Physics and
Advanced Scientific Computing Research; NSF's TeraGrid at the National
Institute for Computational Sciences [TG-MCA08X010]; U.S. DoE Office of
Science [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This work has been supported by grants from the NASA Astrophysics Theory
Program (NNH11AQ72I) and the NSF PetaApps, Nuclear Physics and Stellar
Astrophysics Programs (OCI-0749242,AST-0653376) and by the Department of
Energy Offices of Nuclear Physics and Advanced Scientific Computing
Research. Computational resources were provided by the NSF's TeraGrid at
the National Institute for Computational Sciences under grant number
TG-MCA08X010; by the National Energy Research Scientific Computing
Center, supported by the U.S. DoE Office of Science under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231; and by the Innovative and Novel Computational Impact
on Theory and Experiment (INCITE) program at the Oak Ridge Leadership
Computing Facility, supported by the U.S. DoE Office of Science under
Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 227
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
AR 041013
DI 10.1063/1.4870009
PG 32
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA AH4FG
UT WOS:000336082000014
ER
PT J
AU Pain, SD
AF Pain, S. D.
TI Advances in instrumentation for nuclear astrophysics
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS-JET TARGET; RECOIL SEPARATOR; DRAGON FACILITY; CONSTRUCTION; BEAM;
GAMMASPHERE; SCATTERING; DETECTOR; CAPTURE; ARES
AB The study of the nuclear physics properties which govern energy generation and nucleosynthesis in the astrophysical phenomena we observe in the universe is crucial to understanding how these objects behave and how the chemical history of the universe evolved to its present state. The low cross sections and short nuclear lifetimes involved in many of these reactions make their experimental determination challenging, requiring developments in beams and instrumentation. A selection of developments in nuclear astrophysics instrumentation is discussed, using as examples projects involving the nuclear astrophysics group at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. These developments will be key to the instrumentation necessary to fully exploit nuclear astrophysics opportunities at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams which is currently under construction. (C) 2014 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Pain, SD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Pain, Steven/E-1188-2011
OI Pain, Steven/0000-0003-3081-688X
FU US Department of Energy; National Science Foundation
FX The author wishes to express thanks to D. W. Bardayan, K. A. Chipps, R.
L. Kozub, P. D. O'Malley, A. Ratkiewicz and H. Schatz for material and
discussions presented herein. Work presented was funded in part by the
US Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation.
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
AR 041015
DI 10.1063/1.4874116
PG 14
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA AH4FG
UT WOS:000336082000016
ER
PT J
AU Surman, R
Mumpower, M
Sinclair, R
Jones, KL
Hix, WR
McLaughlin, GC
AF Surman, R.
Mumpower, M.
Sinclair, R.
Jones, K. L.
Hix, W. R.
McLaughlin, G. C.
TI Sensitivity studies for the weak r process: neutron capture rates
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID DRIVEN WINDS; PROCESS NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; NUCLEAR-PHYSICS; S-PROCESS;
ELEMENTS; STARS
AB Rapid neutron capture nucleosynthesis involves thousands of nuclear species far from stability, whose nuclear properties need to be understood in order to accurately predict nucleosynthetic outcomes. Recently sensitivity studies have provided a deeper understanding of how the r process proceeds and have identified pieces of nuclear data of interest for further experimental or theoretical study. A key result of these studies has been to point out the importance of individual neutron capture rates in setting the final r-process abundance pattern for a 'main' (A similar to 130 peak and above) r process. Here we examine neutron capture in the context of a 'weak' r process that forms primarily the A similar to 80 r-process abundance peak. We identify the astrophysical conditions required to produce this peak region through weak r-processing and point out the neutron capture rates that most strongly influence the final abundance pattern. (C) 2014 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
C1 [Surman, R.] Union Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA.
[Mumpower, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Sinclair, R.; Jones, K. L.; Hix, W. R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Hix, W. R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[McLaughlin, G. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Surman, R (reprint author), Union Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA.
EM surmanr@union.edu
RI Jones, Katherine/B-8487-2011; Hix, William/E-7896-2011
OI Jones, Katherine/0000-0001-7335-1379; Hix, William/0000-0002-9481-9126
FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-05ER41398, DE-FG02-02ER41216,
DE-SC0001174]; National Science Foundation ADVANCE Grant [0820032]; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC05-000R22725]
FX This work was partially supported by the Department of Energy under
contracts DE-FG02-05ER41398 (RAS), DE-FG02-02ER41216 (GCM), and
DE-SC0001174 (KLJ), and the National Science Foundation ADVANCE Grant
0820032 (RAS). Oak Ridge National Laboratory (WRH) is managed by
UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC05-000R22725.
NR 41
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U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
AR 041008
DI 10.1063/1.4867191
PG 11
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA AH4FG
UT WOS:000336082000009
ER
PT J
AU Shiga, T
Murakami, T
Hori, T
Delaire, O
Shiomi, J
AF Shiga, Takuma
Murakami, Takuru
Hori, Takuma
Delaire, Olivier
Shiomi, Junichiro
TI Origin of anomalous anharmonic lattice dynamics of lead telluride
SO APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID PBTE; CHALCOGENIDES; PBS
AB The origin of the anomalous anharmonic lattice dynamics of lead telluride is investigated by molecular dynamics simulations with interatomic force constants (IFCs) obtained up to quartic terms from first principles. The calculations reproduce the asymmetry of the radial distribution function and the double peaks of transverse optical phonon previously observed with neutron diffraction and scattering experiments. They are identified to be due to the extremely large nearest-neighbor cubic IFCs in the [100] direction. The outstanding strength of the nearest-neighbor cubic IFCs, compared with the longer-range interactions, explains why the distortion in the radial distribution function is local. (C) 2014 The Japan Society of Applied Physics
C1 [Shiga, Takuma; Murakami, Takuru; Hori, Takuma; Shiomi, Junichiro] Univ Tokyo, Dept Engn Mech, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
[Delaire, Olivier] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Shiomi, Junichiro] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, PRESTO, Saitama 3320012, Japan.
RP Shiomi, J (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Engn Mech, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
RI Shiga, Takuma/C-5112-2012
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Japan Science and Technology
Agency PRESTO; Initiative on Promotion of Supercomputing for Young or
Women Researchers; Supercomputing Division, Information Technology
Center, The University of Tokyo; KAKENHI [23760178]
FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Gang Chen and Dr. Keivan Esfarjani for
fruitful discussions. This work was partially supported by Research
Fellowships of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young
Scientists, Japan Science and Technology Agency PRESTO, Initiative on
Promotion of Supercomputing for Young or Women Researchers,
Supercomputing Division, Information Technology Center, The University
of Tokyo, and KAKENHI 23760178.
NR 24
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 21
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1882-0778
EI 1882-0786
J9 APPL PHYS EXPRESS
JI Appl. Phys. Express
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 4
AR 041801
DI 10.7567/APEX.7.041801
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AH4SK
UT WOS:000336118100007
ER
PT J
AU Wang, WK
Chen, YY
Wang, H
Zhang, DW
Liu, Y
Li, ZT
AF Wang, Wei-Kun
Chen, Yuan-Yuan
Wang, Hui
Zhang, Dan-Wei
Liu, Yi
Li, Zhan-Ting
TI Tetrathiafulvalene-Based Macrocycles Formed by Radical Cation
Dimerization: The Role of Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding and Solvent
SO CHEMISTRY-AN ASIAN JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE foldamers; hydrogen bonds; macrocyclization; radical cation
dimerization; solvent effects
ID AROMATIC OLIGOAMIDE FOLDAMERS; MIXED-VALENCE; ELECTRON-TRANSFER;
CHARGE-TRANSFER; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; DONOR-ACCEPTOR; SUPRAMOLECULAR
POLYMER; SHAPE-PERSISTENT; DIMER STATES; PI-DIMERS
AB Compounds 1a and 1b were prepared by appending two tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) units to an aromatic amide segment that is driven by six or two intramolecular NHO hydrogen bonds to adopt a folded conformation. UV/Vis absorption experiments revealed that if the TTF units were oxidized to TTF.+ radical cations, the two compounds could form a stable single molecular noncovalent macrocycle in less polar dichloromethane or dichloroethane or a bimolecular noncovalent macrocycle in a binary mixture of dichloromethane with a more polar solvent owing to remarkably enhanced dimerization of the TTF.+ units. The stability of the (TTF.+)(2) dimer was evaluated through UV/Vis absorption, electron paramagnetic resonance, and cyclic voltammetry experiments and also by comparing the results with those of control compound 2. The results showed that introduction of the intramolecular hydrogen bonds played a crucial role in promoting the stability of the (TTF.+)(2) dimer and thus the noncovalent macrocyclization of the two backbones in both uni- and bimolecular manners.
C1 [Wang, Wei-Kun; Chen, Yuan-Yuan; Wang, Hui; Zhang, Dan-Wei; Li, Zhan-Ting] Fudan Univ, Dept Chem, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Yi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wang, H (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Dept Chem, 220 Handan Rd, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
EM wanghui@fudan.edu.cn; yliu@lbl.gov; ztli@fudan.edu.cn
RI Liu, yi/A-3384-2008; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014
OI Liu, yi/0000-0002-3954-6102;
FU Ministry of Science and Technology [2013CB834501]; Ministry of Education
[IRT1117]; Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality
[13M1400200]; Postdoctoral Science Foundation; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [91227108, 21228203, J1103304]; Molecular Foundry,
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We are grateful to the Ministry of Science and Technology
(2013CB834501), the Ministry of Education (IRT1117), the Science and
Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (13M1400200), and the
Postdoctoral Science Foundation and National Natural Science Foundation
(91227108, 21228203, and J1103304) of China for financial support. Y.L.
thanks the support of the Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division, the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 76
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U1 2
U2 43
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1861-4728
EI 1861-471X
J9 CHEM-ASIAN J
JI Chem.-Asian J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 4
BP 1039
EP 1044
DI 10.1002/asia.201301729
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AD3NO
UT WOS:000333153000013
PM 24554644
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, SM
Fitts, G
Kelly, M
Dale, L
AF Lewis, Sarah M.
Fitts, Gary
Kelly, Maggi
Dale, Larry
TI A fuzzy logic-based spatial suitability model for drought-tolerant
switchgrass in the United States
SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE Switchgrass; GIS; Fuzzy modeling; Bioenergy; Drought
ID MULTICRITERIA EVALUATION; BIOENERGY PRODUCTION; DECISION-SUPPORT;
SEVERITY INDEX; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MARGINAL LAND; ENERGY; GIS; BIOMASS;
SURFACE
AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) has been targeted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture as an exemplary bioenergy crop, however it requires a significant amount of water and experiences reduced yields in water-stressed conditions. To avoid competition for prime agricultural areas, lands that receive adequate rainfall but are marginal due to highly variable timing of rain are potentially ideal locations to grow drought-tolerant biofuels. As scientists develop a modified variety of switchgrass that can withstand periods of drought while not substantially affecting overall yield, it is important to identify the potential geographical niche for this xerophytic crop to maximize its environmental and economic sustainability. This project uses a spatial suitability modeling approach that incorporates fuzzy logic and utilizes both physical and economic variables. We assess several fuzzy overlay techniques to identify and synthesize trade-offs between suitability criteria. Our results highlight the Great Plains region of the United States as a suitable region, and within this area we focus on Kansas for a more detailed analysis to calculate land areas within varying dryness index thresholds. For this we develop a specialized dryness index using high resolution (spatial 82 temporal) weather and soil data to provide a spatially explicit measure of dry spell severity for switchgrass across a landscape. We estimate that 80% of the suitable land area in Kansas falls within a dryness index equivalent to about four 22-day long dry stretches, or one 45-day long dry stretch. By identifying the dryness threshold where land area is maximized, the results of this analysis inform the development of drought-tolerant varieties of switchgrass and identify marginal areas where efforts to plant such a species may prosper. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lewis, Sarah M.; Kelly, Maggi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Fitts, Gary; Dale, Larry] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kelly, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall 3114, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM maggi@berkeley.edu; LLDale@lbl.gov
OI Kelly, Nina Maggi/0000-0002-0198-2822
FU FY12 EETD LDRD project
FX This paper is the result of collaboration between University of
California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Labs. The yield
map is thanks to Stan Wullschleger. The authors greatly appreciate
discussions and feedback with Daniel Putnam, University of California
Davis. The work here was supported by the FY12 EETD LDRD project.
NR 55
TC 6
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U1 4
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0168-1699
EI 1872-7107
J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR
JI Comput. Electron. Agric.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 103
BP 39
EP 47
DI 10.1016/j.compag.2014.02.006
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Agriculture; Computer Science
GA AH4PP
UT WOS:000336110800006
ER
PT J
AU Simoes, MG
Muljadi, E
Singh, M
Gevorgian, V
AF Simoes, Marcelo G.
Muljadi, Eduard
Singh, Mohit
Gevorgian, Vahan
TI Measurement-Based Performance Analysis of Wind Energy Systems
SO IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Wind turbines; Wind speed; Wind power generation; Generators; Blades;
Instruments
ID GENERATION SYSTEM; DESIGN
C1 [Simoes, Marcelo G.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Simoes, Marcelo G.] CSM, ACEPS Ctr Adv Control Energy & Power Syst, Wolfville, NS, Canada.
[Muljadi, Eduard; Singh, Mohit; Gevorgian, Vahan] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Simoes, MG (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Simoes, Marcelo/J-9600-2012
OI Simoes, Marcelo/0000-0003-4124-061X
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1094-6969
EI 1941-0123
J9 IEEE INSTRU MEAS MAG
JI IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 2
BP 15
EP 20
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA AH7MM
UT WOS:000336317500006
ER
PT J
AU Soufli, R
AF Soufli, Regina
TI Breakthroughs in Photonics 2013: X-Ray Optics
SO IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE X-ray optics; multilayer interference coatings; metrology; EUV; X-ray
applications
ID PHASE CHARACTERIZATION; MULTILAYER MIRRORS; NM WAVELENGTH; RESOLUTION;
DESIGN; SYSTEM
AB This review discusses the latest advances in extreme ultraviolet/X-ray optics development, which are motivated by the availability and demands of new X-ray sources and scientific and industrial applications. Among the breakthroughs highlighted are the following: i) fabrication, metrology, and mounting technologies for large-area optical substrates with improved figure, roughness, and focusing properties; ii) multilayer coatings with especially optimized layer properties, achieving improved reflectance, stability, and out-of-band suppression; and iii) nanodiffractive optics with improved efficiency and resolution.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Soufli, R (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM regina.soufli@llnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy through the Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy through the
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
Corresponding author: R. Soufli (e-mail: regina.soufli@llnl.gov).
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 19
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1943-0655
EI 1943-0647
J9 IEEE PHOTONICS J
JI IEEE Photonics J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 2
AR 0700606
DI 10.1109/JPHOT.2014.2309640
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA AH5YC
UT WOS:000336206100007
ER
PT J
AU Mernild, SH
Hanna, E
Yde, JC
Cappelen, J
Malmros, JK
AF Mernild, Sebastian H.
Hanna, Edward
Yde, Jacob C.
Cappelen, John
Malmros, Jeppe K.
TI Coastal Greenland air temperature extremes and trends 1890-2010: annual
and monthly analysis
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE annual and monthly values; extreme temperature observations; Greenland;
mean; maximum; and minimum temperature observations
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MASS-BALANCE; ICE-SHEET;
PRECIPITATION; EVENTS
AB We use observed air temperature data series from 14 meteorological stations in coastal Greenland (located all around the Greenland Ice Sheet) for 1960-2010, where long-term records for five of the stations extend back to 1890, to illustrate the annual and monthly temporal and spatial distribution of temperature extremes, with the main focus on the latest decade 2001-2010 (2000s). We find that the 2000s had the highest number of mean annual air temperature (MAAT) warm extremes, and the 1890s the highest number of cold extremes, and that a high (low) positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) Index equals a high number of cold (warm) extreme events. For the 2000s the number of warm extremes was significantly higher by around 50% than the number in the 1940s (the early twentieth century warm period): the latter being the decade with the second highest occurrence of MAAT warm extremes. Since 1960, based on MAAT the number of cold extremes has overall decreased on the decadal timescale, besides a peak in 1980s, while warm extremes have increased, leading to a higher occurrence of extremes (cold plus warm extremes): an almost similar pattern occurred for monthly mean temperatures and monthly mean daily maximum and minimum temperature datasets. Furthermore, a division of Greenland into east and west sectors shows that the occurrence of cold (warm) extremes was more pronounced in the East than in the West in the 1960s and 1970s (mid-1980s to the 2000s).
C1 [Mernild, Sebastian H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate Ocean & Sea Ice Modeling Grp, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Mernild, Sebastian H.; Malmros, Jeppe K.] Ctr Estudios Cient, Ctr Sci Studies, Glaciol & Climate Change Lab, Valdivia 5110466, Chile.
[Hanna, Edward] Univ Sheffield, Dept Geog, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.
[Yde, Jacob C.] Sogn Og Fjordane Univ Coll, Fac Sci & Engn, Sogndal, Norway.
[Cappelen, John] Danish Meteorol Inst, Copenhagen, Denmark.
RP Mernild, SH (reprint author), Ctr Estudios Cient, Ctr Sci Studies, Glaciol & Climate Change Lab, Valdivia 5110466, Chile.
EM mernild@cecs.cl
RI Hanna, Edward/H-2219-2016;
OI Hanna, Edward/0000-0002-8683-182X; Yde, Jacob
Clement/0000-0002-6211-2601
FU Earth System Modeling Program; Scientific Discovery for Advanced
Computing (SciDAC) Program within the U.S. Department of Energy's Office
of Science; Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Director's Fellowship;
National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; European Community [262693]
FX This work was supported by the Earth System Modeling Program and by the
Scientific Discovery for Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Program within the
U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science and by a Los Alamos
National Laboratory (LANL) Director's Fellowship. LANL is operated under
the auspices of the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396), and partly
from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme under grant
agreement No. 262693. Special thanks are given to the Danish
Meteorological Institute (DMI) for providing observed meteorological
station data. GBI data were derived from the 20CR Reanalysis dataset
provided by the NOAA-ESRL Physical Sciences Division, Boulder Colorado
on their Web site at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/.
NR 38
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 5
BP 1472
EP 1487
DI 10.1002/joc.3777
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AE1VN
UT WOS:000333759100012
ER
PT J
AU Evans, AM
Rice, GE
Teuschler, LK
Wright, JM
AF Evans, Amanda M.
Rice, Glenn E.
Teuschler, Linda K.
Wright, J. Michael
TI Joint Exposure to Chemical and Nonchemical Neurodevelopmental Stressors
in U. S. Women of Reproductive Age in NHANES
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE allostatic load (AL); chronic stress; cumulative exposure assessment;
cumulative risk assessment (CRA); hazard index (HI); nonchemical
stressors; neurodevelopment; physiological dysregulation;
susceptibility; vulnerability
ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; ALLOSTATIC LOAD; LEAD-EXPOSURE; BLOOD
LEAD; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; AIR-POLLUTION; PHYSIOLOGICAL DYSREGULATION;
ENVIRONMENTAL LEAD; NATIONAL-HEALTH; RISK-ASSESSMENT
AB Lead (Pb) and methyl mercury (MeHg) are well established neurodevelopmental toxicants (NDTs), but joint exposure to chemical and nonchemical (e.g., maternal stress) stressors has rarely been considered. We characterized exposure to Pb, MeHg and a measure of physiological dysregulation associated with chronic stress and examined race/ethnicity as a predictor of joint NDT exposure. Using data from the 2003-2004 NHANES, potential chronic stress exposure was estimated using allostatic load (AL), a quantitative measure of physiological dysregulation. A Hazard Index was calculated for joint exposure to Pb and MeHg (HINDT). Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between an indicator of elevated joint NDT exposures (HINDT > 1) and race/ethnicity. The multivariate model was stratified by AL groups to examine effect measure modification. African American (adjusted odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval] = 2.2 [1.4, 3.3]) and Mexican American (1.4 [0.7, 2.6]) women were more likely to have an HINDT > 1 compared to Caucasian women. Chronic stress was identified as an effect measure modifier with the largest ORs among women with high AL scores (African Americans = 4.3 [2.0, 9.5]; Mexican Americans = 4.2 [1.3, 14.1]). Chronic stress was found to modify the association between elevated joint NDT exposure and race/ethnicity, highlighting the importance of evaluating chemical and nonchemical stressor exposures leading to a common endpoint.
C1 [Evans, Amanda M.] US EPA, ORISE, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Rice, Glenn E.; Wright, J. Michael] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Teuschler, Linda K.] Linda Teuschler & Associates, St Petersburg, FL 33707 USA.
RP Evans, AM (reprint author), US EPA, ORISE, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM Evans.AmandaM@epa.gov; Rice.Glenn@epa.gov; lindateuschler@gmail.com;
Wright.Michael@epa.gov
FU National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and
Development, U.S. EPA
FX We would like to thank Rita Schoeny and Deborah Cory-Slechta for their
helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. This project
was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation
Program at the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of
Research and Development, U.S. EPA, administered by ORISE through an
interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and U.S.
EPA. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do
not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the EPA.
NR 45
TC 4
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U1 1
U2 7
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1660-4601
J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE
JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 11
IS 4
BP 4384
EP 4401
DI 10.3390/ijerph110404384
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA AG9TM
UT WOS:000335762700046
PM 24758893
ER
PT J
AU Wing, S
Ohtani, S
Johnson, J
Wilson, GR
Higuchi, T
AF Wing, Simon
Ohtani, Shinichi
Johnson, Jay
Wilson, Gordon R.
Higuchi, Tomoyuki
TI Field-aligned currents during the extreme solar minimum between the
solar cycles 23 and 24
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE field-aligned current; particle precipitation; solar cycle;
magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling; current width; solar
wind-magnetosphere coupling
ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; LATITUDE BOUNDARY-LAYER; PLASMA SHEET;
BIRKELAND CURRENTS; ELECTRIC-FIELD; PRESSURE; PRECIPITATION;
CONFIGURATION; REGIONS; MODEL
AB The solar minimum between solar cycles 23 and 24 was unusually long and deep. The upward region-1 (R1) field-aligned current (FAC) response to this extreme solar minimum was investigated using Defense Meteorological Satellite Program observations. The solar cycle responses on the dayside are different than those on the nightside. The field-aligned current density (J(//)) on the dayside, at 12-17 magnetic local time (MLT), peaks in the declining phase of the solar cycle, in 2003, when the solar wind speed also peaks, whereas J(//) on the nightside, at 18-23 MLT, appears insensitive to the solar cycle. In 1995-2010, J(//) at 15-17 MLT reaches the lowest value during the extreme solar minimum in 2009, when the solar wind speed also reaches the lowest value. At 12-17 MLT, R1 is located mostly on open field lines or at the boundary layer, where the current is driven mostly by the velocity shear at the magnetopause boundary. However, on the nightside, R1 is located mostly on the closed field lines where J(//) is not driven directly and immediately by the solar wind. The nightside current width () exhibits a solar cycle effect such that is smaller at the solar minimum and smallest in 2009. However, the dayside exhibits little solar cycle effect. As a result, the FAC intensity (latitudinally integrated J(//)) exhibits a solar cycle variation at all local times and the FAC intensity is lower during the extreme solar minimum than that of the previous solar minimum.
C1 [Wing, Simon; Ohtani, Shinichi] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 21218 USA.
[Johnson, Jay] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Wilson, Gordon R.] Air Force Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Higuchi, Tomoyuki] Inst Stat Math, Dept Stat Modeling, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Wing, S (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 21218 USA.
EM simon.wing@jhuapl.edu
RI Ohtani, Shinichi/E-3914-2016
OI Ohtani, Shinichi/0000-0002-9565-6840
FU NSF [ATM-0802715, AGS-1058456, ATM0902730]; NASA [NNX10AE63G,
NNX13AE12G, NNH09AM53I, NNH09AK63I, NNH11AR07I]; DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466]
FX AFRL has been helpful in acquisition of DMSP SSJ4/SSJ5 and magnetometer
data, as has the World Data Center in Boulder, Colorado. Simon Wing
gratefully acknowledges support from NSF grants ATM-0802715 and
AGS-1058456 and NASA grants NNX10AE63G and NNX13AE12G. Jay Johnson was
funded by NASA grants (NNH09AM53I, NNH09AK63I, and NNH11AR07I), NSF
grant ATM0902730, and DOE contract DE-AC02-09CH11466.
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 2466
EP 2475
DI 10.1002/2013JA019452
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AH6CP
UT WOS:000336218600008
ER
PT J
AU Chen, LJ
Jordanova, VK
Spasojevic, M
Thorne, RM
Horne, RB
AF Chen, Lunjin
Jordanova, Vania K.
Spasojevic, Maria
Thorne, Richard M.
Horne, Richard B.
TI Electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave modeling during the geospace
environment modeling challenge event
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE EMIC waves; Ring current; plasmaspheric plume; ray tracing; instability
ID PARTICLE INTERACTIONS; PROTON PRECIPITATION; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE;
GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; EMIC WAVES; PLASMAPAUSE; GENERATION; PLASMASPHERE;
PROPAGATION; MECHANISM
AB We investigate the temporal evolution and the spatial distribution of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves during the 8-11 June 2001 geomagnetic storm, one of the storms selected for study by the Geospace Environment Modeling program. Generations of EMIC waves in the H+, He+, and O+ bands are simulated using the kinetic ring current-atmosphere interactions model with a self-consistent magnetic field and a ray tracing code. Simulations show that strong wave gain occurs in the afternoon sector at L > 5 and overlaps with a high-density plasmaspheric drainage plume. EMIC wave gain maximizes during the main phase and decreases in the recovery phase. We find that EMIC wave gain is stronger in the He+ band than in the other two bands in the inner magnetosphere, except the region of low L (< 3) where the H+ band is dominant due to an enhancement in the ring current anisotropy. Little wave gain is obtained for the O+ band. Comparison with in situ EMIC events and EMIC event proxies at five geosynchronous satellites shows consistence in the temporal and local time evolution of the wave distribution. Our simulations of the EMIC wave distribution also agree with proton aurora at subauroral latitudes observed from the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration satellite.
C1 [Chen, Lunjin] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA.
[Jordanova, Vania K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Spasojevic, Maria] Stanford Univ, Space Telecommun & Radiosci Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Thorne, Richard M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Horne, Richard B.] British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
RP Chen, LJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75083 USA.
EM lunjin.chen@gmail.com
OI Horne, Richard/0000-0002-0412-6407; Jordanova, Vania/0000-0003-0475-8743
FU NASA [NNX13AI61G, NNX11AR64G]; United States Department of Energy;
NASA/LWS; NSF/GEM program; NSF [0902846]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge NASA grants NNX13AI61G and
NNX11AR64G. Work at Los Alamos was conducted under the auspices of the
United States Department of Energy with partial support from NASA/LWS
and NSF/GEM program. Work at Stanford was supported by NSF award
0902846. Interplanetary data were provided by the CDAWeb at NASA, and
the Dst indices were provided by the World Data Center in Kyoto, Japan.
NR 65
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 4
BP 2963
EP 2977
DI 10.1002/2013JA019595
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AH6CP
UT WOS:000336218600038
ER
PT J
AU Alvarez, V
Borges, FIGM
Carcel, S
Castel, J
Cebrian, S
Cervera, A
Conde, CAN
Dafni, T
Dias, THVT
Diaz, J
Egorov, M
Esteve, R
Evtoukhovitch, P
Fernandes, LMP
Ferrario, P
Ferreira, AL
Freitas, EDC
Gehman, VM
Gil, A
Goldschmidt, A
Gomez, H
Gomez-Cadenas, JJ
Gonzalez-Diaz, D
Gutieerrez, RM
Hauptman, J
Morata, JAH
Herrera, DC
Iguaz, FJ
Irastorza, IG
Jinete, MA
Labarga, L
Laing, A
Liubarsky, I
Lopes, JAM
Lorca, D
Losada, M
Luzoon, G
Marii, A
Martin-Albo, J
Martinez, A
Martinez-Lema, G
Miller, T
Moiseenko, A
Monrabal, F
Monteiro, CMB
Mora, FJ
Moutinho, LM
Vidal, JM
da Luz, HN
Navarro, G
Nebot-Guinot, M
Nygren, D
Oliveira, CAB
Palma, R
Perez, J
Aparicio, JLP
Renner, J
Ripoll, L
Rodriguez, A
Rodriguez, J
Santos, FP
dos Santos, JMF
Segui, L
Serra, L
Shuman, D
Simon, A
Sofka, C
Sorel, M
Toledo, JF
Tomas, A
Torrent, J
Tsamalaidze, Z
Vazquez, D
Veloso, JFCA
Villar, JA
Webb, RC
White, JT
Yahlali, N
Aznar, F
Calvet, D
Druillole, F
Ferrer-Ribas, E
Garcia, JA
Giomataris, I
Gracia, J
Le Coguie, A
Mols, JP
Pons, P
Ruiz, E
AF Alvarez, V.
Borges, F. I. G. M.
Carcel, S.
Castel, J.
Cebrian, S.
Cervera, A.
Conde, C. A. N.
Dafni, T.
Dias, T. H. V. T.
Diaz, J.
Egorov, M.
Esteve, R.
Evtoukhovitch, P.
Fernandes, L. M. P.
Ferrario, P.
Ferreira, A. L.
Freitas, E. D. C.
Gehman, V. M.
Gil, A.
Goldschmidt, A.
Gomez, H.
Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.
Gonzalez-Diaz, D.
Gutierrez, R. M.
Hauptman, J.
Hernando Morata, J. A.
Herrera, D. C.
Iguaz, F. J.
Irastorza, I. G.
Jinete, M. A.
Labarga, L.
Laing, A.
Liubarsky, I.
Lopes, J. A. M.
Lorca, D.
Losada, M.
Luzon, G.
Mari, A.
Martin-Albo, J.
Martinez, A.
Martinez-Lema, G.
Miller, T.
Moiseenko, A.
Monrabal, F.
Monteiro, C. M. B.
Mora, F. J.
Moutinho, L. M.
Munoz Vidal, J.
da Luz, H. Natal
Navarro, G.
Nebot-Guinot, M.
Nygren, D.
Oliveira, C. A. B.
Palma, R.
Perez, J.
Perez Aparicio, J. L.
Renner, J.
Ripoll, L.
Rodriguez, A.
Rodriguez, J.
Santos, F. P.
dos Santos, J. M. F.
Segui, L.
Serra, L.
Shuman, D.
Simon, A.
Sofka, C.
Sorel, M.
Toledo, J. F.
Tomas, A.
Torrent, J.
Tsamalaidze, Z.
Vazquez, D.
Veloso, J. F. C. A.
Villar, J. A.
Webb, R. C.
White, J. T.
Yahlali, N.
Aznar, F.
Calvet, D.
Druillole, F.
Ferrer-Ribas, E.
Garcia, J. A.
Giomataris, I.
Gracia, J.
Le Coguie, A.
Mols, J. P.
Pons, P.
Ruiz, E.
CA NEXT Collaboration
TI Characterization of a medium size Xe/TMA TPC instrumented with microbulk
Micromegas, using low-energy gamma-rays
SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd International Conference on Micro Pattern Gaseous Detectors
CY JUL 01-06, 2013
CL Zaragoza, SPAIN
DE Time projection Chambers (TPC); Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC,
GEM, THGEM, RETHGEM, MHSP, MICROPIC, MICROMEGAS, InGrid, etc);
Double-beta decay detectors; Charge transport and multiplication in gas
ID HIGH-PRESSURE XENON; PROPORTIONAL-COUNTERS; ELECTRON-ATTACHMENT;
SCATTERING; MIXTURES; KRYPTON; DRIFT
AB NEXT-MM is a general-purpose high pressure (10 bar, similar to 251 active volume) Xenon-based TPC, read out in charge mode with an 0.8 cm x 0.8 cm-segmented 700 cm(2) plane (1152 ch) of the latest microbulk-Micromegas technology. It has been recently commissioned at University of Zaragoza as part of the R&D of the NEXT 0v beta beta experiment, although the experiment's first stage is currently being built based on a SiPM/PMT-readout concept relying on electroluminescence. Around 2 million events were collected during the last months, stemming from the low energy gamma-rays emitted by a Am-241 source when interacting with the Xenon gas (E-gamma = 26, 30, 59.5 keV). The localized nature of such events around atmospheric pressure, the long drift times, as well as the possibility to determine their production time from the associated alpha particle in coincidence, allow the extraction of primordial properties of the TPC filling gas, namely the drift velocity, diffusion and attachment coefficients. In this work we focus on the little explored combination of Xe and trimethylamine (TMA) for which, in particular, such properties are largely unknown. This gas mixture offers potential advantages over pure Xenon when aimed at Rare Event Searches, mainly due to its Penning characteristics, wave-length shifting properties and reduced diffusion, and it is being actively investigated by our collaboration. The chamber is currently operated at 2.7 bar, as an intermediate step towards the envisaged 10 bar. We report here its performance as well as a first implementation of the calibration procedures that have allowed the extension of the previously reported energy resolution to the whole readout plane (10.6% FWHM@30keV).
C1 [Alvarez, V.; Carcel, S.; Cervera, A.; Diaz, J.; Ferrario, P.; Gil, A.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Laing, A.; Liubarsky, I.; Lorca, D.; Martin-Albo, J.; Martinez, A.; Monrabal, F.; Munoz Vidal, J.; Nebot-Guinot, M.; Serra, L.; Simon, A.; Sorel, M.; Yahlali, N.] CSIC, IFIC, Valencia 46980, Spain.
[Alvarez, V.; Carcel, S.; Cervera, A.; Diaz, J.; Ferrario, P.; Gil, A.; Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Laing, A.; Liubarsky, I.; Lorca, D.; Martin-Albo, J.; Martinez, A.; Monrabal, F.; Munoz Vidal, J.; Nebot-Guinot, M.; Serra, L.; Simon, A.; Sorel, M.; Yahlali, N.] Univ Valencia, Valencia 46980, Spain.
[Castel, J.; Cebrian, S.; Dafni, T.; Gomez, H.; Gonzalez-Diaz, D.; Herrera, D. C.; Iguaz, F. J.; Irastorza, I. G.; Luzon, G.; Rodriguez, A.; Segui, L.; Tomas, A.; Villar, J. A.; Aznar, F.; Garcia, J. A.; Gracia, J.; Pons, P.; Ruiz, E.] Univ Zaragoza, Lab Fis Nucl & Astroparticulas, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
[Castel, J.; Cebrian, S.; Dafni, T.; Gomez, H.; Gonzalez-Diaz, D.; Herrera, D. C.; Iguaz, F. J.; Irastorza, I. G.; Luzon, G.; Rodriguez, A.; Segui, L.; Tomas, A.; Villar, J. A.; Aznar, F.; Garcia, J. A.; Gracia, J.] Lab Subterraneo Canfranc, Huesca 22880, Spain.
[Borges, F. I. G. M.; Conde, C. A. N.; Dias, T. H. V. T.; Fernandes, L. M. P.; Freitas, E. D. C.; Lopes, J. A. M.; Monteiro, C. M. B.; da Luz, H. Natal; Santos, F. P.; dos Santos, J. M. F.] Univ Coimbra, Dept Fis, P-3004516 Coimbra, Portugal.
[Calvet, D.; Druillole, F.; Ferrer-Ribas, E.; Giomataris, I.; Le Coguie, A.; Mols, J. P.] CEA Saclay, Ctr Etudes Nucl Saclay, IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Egorov, M.; Gehman, V. M.; Goldschmidt, A.; Miller, T.; Nygren, D.; Oliveira, C. A. B.; Renner, J.; Shuman, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Esteve, R.; Mari, A.; Mora, F. J.; Toledo, J. F.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Instrumentac Imagen Mol I3M, Valencia 46022, Spain.
[Evtoukhovitch, P.; Moiseenko, A.; Tsamalaidze, Z.] JINR, Dubna 141980, Russia.
[Ferreira, A. L.; Moutinho, L. M.; Veloso, J. F. C. A.] Univ Aveiro, Inst Nanostruct Nanomodelling & Nanofabricat, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
[Gutierrez, R. M.; Jinete, M. A.; Losada, M.; Navarro, G.] Univ Antonio Narino, Ctr Invest Ciencias Basicas & Aplicadas, Bogota, Colombia.
[Hauptman, J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Hernando Morata, J. A.; Martinez-Lema, G.; Vazquez, D.] Univ Santiago Compostela, IGFAE, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain.
[Labarga, L.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, Madrid 28049, Spain.
[Palma, R.; Perez Aparicio, J. L.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Dept Mecan Medios Continuos & Teoria Estruct, E-46071 Valencia, Spain.
[Perez, J.] UAM, CSIC, IFT, Madrid 28049, Spain.
[Ripoll, L.; Torrent, J.] Univ Girona, Escola Politecn Super, Girona 17071, Spain.
[Sofka, C.; Webb, R. C.; White, J. T.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Gonzalez-Diaz, D (reprint author), Univ Zaragoza, Lab Fis Nucl & Astroparticulas, Calle Pedro Cerbuna 12, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
EM gomez@mail.cern.ch; diegogon@unizar.es
RI Dafni, Theopisti/J-9646-2012; AMADE Research Group, AMADE/B-6537-2014;
Monrabal, Francesc/A-5880-2015; Ripoll, Lluis/A-8413-2015; dos Santos,
Joaquim/B-3058-2015; Perez-Aparicio, Jose/H-7053-2015; Natal da Luz,
Hugo/F-6460-2013; Fernandes, Luis/E-2372-2011; Moutinho,
Luis/J-6021-2013; Diaz, Jose/B-3454-2012; Villar, Jose
Angel/K-6630-2014; matias-lopes, jose/H-6074-2012; Aznar,
Francisco/K-7807-2014; veloso, joao/J-4478-2013; Irastorza,
Igor/B-2085-2012; Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/L-2003-2014; Hernando Morata,
Jose Angel/L-7642-2014; Gil Ortiz, Alejandro/M-1671-2014; YAHLALI,
NADIA/L-1880-2014; Gonzalez Diaz, Diego/K-7265-2014
OI Martin-Albo, Justo/0000-0002-7318-1469; dos Santos, Joaquim Marques
Ferreira/0000-0002-8841-6523; Dafni, Theopisti/0000-0002-8921-910X;
Munoz Vidal, Javier/0000-0002-9649-2251; Iguaz Gutierrez, Francisco
Jose/0000-0001-6327-9369; AMADE Research Group,
AMADE/0000-0002-5778-3291; Monrabal, Francesc/0000-0002-4047-5620;
Ripoll, Lluis/0000-0001-8194-5396; Perez-Aparicio,
Jose/0000-0003-2884-6991; Natal da Luz, Hugo/0000-0003-1177-870X;
Fernandes, Luis/0000-0002-7061-8768; Moutinho, Luis/0000-0001-9074-4449;
Monteiro, Cristina Maria Bernardes/0000-0002-1912-2804; Diaz,
Jose/0000-0002-7239-223X; Villar, Jose Angel/0000-0003-0228-7589;
matias-lopes, jose/0000-0002-6366-2963; Aznar,
Francisco/0000-0003-3629-0540; Irastorza, Igor/0000-0003-1163-1687;
Gomez Cadenas, Juan Jose/0000-0002-8224-7714; Hernando Morata, Jose
Angel/0000-0002-8683-5142; Gil Ortiz, Alejandro/0000-0002-0852-412X;
YAHLALI, NADIA/0000-0003-2184-0132; Gonzalez Diaz,
Diego/0000-0002-6809-5996
NR 35
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U1 8
U2 34
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-0221
J9 J INSTRUM
JI J. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
AR C04015
DI 10.1088/1748-0221/9/04/C04015
PG 26
WC Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Instruments & Instrumentation
GA AH4UJ
UT WOS:000336123800015
ER
PT J
AU Garcia-Sciveres, M
Wang, X
AF Garcia-Sciveres, M.
Wang, X.
TI Data encoding efficiency in binary strip detector readout
SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Data compression; Data Handling; Si microstrip and pad detectors;
Electronic detector readout concepts (solid-state)
AB A prescription to calculate the minimum number of bits needed for binary strip detector readout is presented. This permits a systematic analysis of the readout efficiency relative to this theoretical minimum number of bits. Different level efficiencies are defined to include context information and engineering properties needed for reliable transmission, such as DC-balance. A commonly used encoding method is analyzed as an example and found to have an efficiency only of order 50%. A new encoding method called Pattern Overlay Compression is introduced to illustrate how the systematic analysis can guide the construction of more efficient readout methods. Pattern Overlay Compression significantly outperforms the above example in the occupancy range of interest.
C1 [Wang, X.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Garcia-Sciveres, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Garcia-Sciveres, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mgs@lbl.gov
FU Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported in part by the Office of High Energy Physics of
the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank
A. Grillo and J. Agricola for helpful comments.
NR 12
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U1 1
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-0221
J9 J INSTRUM
JI J. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
AR P04021
DI 10.1088/1748-0221/9/04/P04021
PG 20
WC Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Instruments & Instrumentation
GA AH4UJ
UT WOS:000336123800061
ER
PT J
AU Mock, J
Barry, N
Kazkaz, K
Stolp, D
Szydagis, M
Tripathi, M
Uvarov, S
Woods, M
Walsh, N
AF Mock, J.
Barry, N.
Kazkaz, K.
Stolp, D.
Szydagis, M.
Tripathi, M.
Uvarov, S.
Woods, M.
Walsh, N.
TI Modeling pulse characteristics in Xenon with NEST
SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas
and liquid scintillators); Simulation methods and programs; Noble liquid
detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase); Dark Matter
detectors (WIMPs, axions, etc.)
ID LIQUID ARGON; LUMINESCENCE; KRYPTON; SCINTILLATION; TRANSPORT;
ELECTRONS; DECAY; GAS
AB A comprehensive model for describing the characteristics of pulsed signals, generated by particle interactions in xenon detectors, is presented. An emphasis is laid on two-phase time projection chambers, but the models presented are also applicable to single phase detectors. In order to simulate the pulse shape due to primary scintillation light, the effects of the ratio of singlet and triplet dimer state populations, as well as their corresponding decay times, and the recombination time are incorporated into the model. In a two phase time projection chamber, when simulating the pulse caused by electroluminescence light, the ionization electron mean free path in gas, the drift velocity, singlet and triplet decay times, diffusion constants, and the electron trapping time, have been implemented. This modeling has been incorporated into a complete software package, which realistically simulates the expected pulse shapes for these types of detectors.
C1 [Mock, J.; Stolp, D.; Szydagis, M.; Tripathi, M.; Uvarov, S.; Woods, M.; Walsh, N.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Barry, N.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Kazkaz, K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Mock, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM jamock@ucdavis.edu
OI Szydagis, Matthew/0000-0002-9334-4659
FU U.S. Department of Energy at the University of California, Davis
[DE-FG02-91ER40674]; DOE [DE-NA0000979]
FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy grant
DE-FG02-91ER40674 at the University of California, Davis, as well as
supported by DOE grant DE-NA0000979, which funds the seven universities
involved in the Nuclear Science and Security Consortium.
NR 39
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PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-0221
J9 J INSTRUM
JI J. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
AR T04002
DI 10.1088/1748-0221/9/04/T04002
PG 13
WC Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Instruments & Instrumentation
GA AH4UJ
UT WOS:000336123800064
ER
PT J
AU Plazas, AA
Bernstein, GM
Sheldon, ES
AF Plazas, A. A.
Bernstein, G. M.
Sheldon, E. S.
TI Transverse electric fields' effects in the Dark Energy Camera CCDs
SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Precision Astronomy with Fully Depleted CCDs
CY NOV 18-19, 2013
CL Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY
HO Brookhaven Natl Lab
DE Image processing; Data Processing; Data analysis
AB Spurious electric fields transverse to the surface of thick CCDs displace the photo-generated charges, effectively modifying the pixel area and producing noticeable signals in astrometric and photometric measurements. We use data from the science verification period of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) to characterize these effects in the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) CCDs, where the transverse fields manifest as concentric rings (impurity gradients or "tree rings") and bright stripes near the boundaries of the detectors ("edge distortions") with relative amplitudes of about 1% and 10%, respectively. Using flat-field images, we derive templates in the five DES photometric bands (grizY) for the tree rings and the edge distortions as a function of their position on each DECam detector. Comparison of the astrometric and photometric residuals confirms their nature as pixel-size variations. The templates are directly incorporated into the derivation of photometric and astrometric residuals.
The results presented in these proceedings are a partial report of analysis performed before the workshop "Precision Astronomy with Fully depleted CDDs" at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Additional work is underway, and the final results and analysis will be published elsewhere (Plazas, Bernstein & Sheldon 2014, in prep.).
C1 [Plazas, A. A.; Sheldon, E. S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Bernstein, G. M.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Davind Rittenhouse Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Plazas, AA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Bldg 510, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM aplazas@bnl.gov
NR 7
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-0221
J9 J INSTRUM
JI J. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
AR C04001
DI 10.1088/1748-0221/9/04/C04001
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Instruments & Instrumentation
GA AH4UJ
UT WOS:000336123800001
ER
PT J
AU Siegmund, OHW
McPhate, JB
Vallerga, JV
Tremsin, AS
Frisch, HE
Elam, JW
Mane, AU
Wagner, RG
AF Siegmund, O. H. W.
McPhate, J. B.
Vallerga, J. V.
Tremsin, A. S.
Frisch, H. E.
Elam, J. W.
Mane, A. U.
Wagner, R. G.
TI Large area event counting detectors with high spatial and temporal
resolution
SO JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 15th International Workshop on Radiation Imaging Detectors
CY JUN 23-27, 2013
CL Paris, FRANCE
DE Cherenkov detectors; Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons
(vacuum); Detectors for UV, visible and IR photons; Space
instrumentation
ID MICROCHANNEL PLATES
AB Novel large area microchannel plates (MCPs) constructed using micro-capillary arrays functionalized by atomic layer deposition (ALD) have been successfully demonstrated in large format detectors (10 cm and 20 cm) with cross delay line and cross strip readouts. Borosilicate micro-capillary substrates allow robust MCPs to be made in sizes to 20 cm, the intrinsic background rates are low (< 0.06 events cm(-2) sec(-1)), the channel open area can be made as high as 85%,and the gain after preconditioning (vacuum bake and burn-in) shows virtually no change over > 7 C cm(-2) extracted charge.
We have constructed a number of detectors with these novel MCPs, including a 10 x 10 cm cross strip readout device and 20 x 20 cm delay line readout sensors. The cross strip detector has very high spatial resolution (the 20 mu m MCP pores can be resolved, thus obtaining similar to 5k x 5k resolution elements), good time resolution (< 1 ns), and high event rate (> 5 million counts/s at 20% dead time), while operating at relatively low gain (similar to 10(6)). The 20 x 20 cm delay line detectors have achieved spatial resolutions of similar to 50 mu m m and event rates of several MHz, with good gain and background uniformity and < 200 ps event time tagging. Progress has also been made in construction of a 20 x 20 cm sealed tube optical imager, and we have achieved > 20% quantum efficiency and good uniformity for large area (20 cm) bialkali photocathodes.
C1 [Siegmund, O. H. W.; McPhate, J. B.; Vallerga, J. V.; Tremsin, A. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Frisch, H. E.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Elam, J. W.; Mane, A. U.; Wagner, R. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Siegmund, OHW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ossy@ssl.berkeley.edu
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 11
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-0221
J9 J INSTRUM
JI J. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
AR C04002
DI 10.1088/1748-0221/9/04/C04002
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Instruments & Instrumentation
GA AH4UJ
UT WOS:000336123800002
ER
PT J
AU Babai, A
Kopiec, G
Lackmann, A
Mallick, B
Pitula, S
Tang, SF
Mudring, AV
AF Babai, Arash
Kopiec, Gabriel
Lackmann, Anastasia
Mallick, Bert
Pitula, Slawomir
Tang, Sifu
Mudring, Anja-Verena
TI Eu3+ as a dual probe for the determination of IL anion donor power: A
combined luminescence spectroscopic and electrochemical approach
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Acidity; Electrochemistry; Europium; Ionic liquids; Rare-earth elements
ID WEAKLY-COORDINATING ANIONS; IONIC LIQUIDS; SOLVENT POLARITY;
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; BETAINE DYES; EUROPIUM; COMPLEXES; SOLVATOCHROMISM;
INDICATORS; CATALYSIS
AB This work is aimed at giving proof that Eu(Tf2N)(3) (Tf2N = bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide) can act as both an optical and electrochemical probe for the determination of the Lewis acidity of an ionic liquid anion. For that reason the luminescence spectra and cyclic voltammograms of dilute solutions of Eu(Tf2N)(3) in various ionic liquids were investigated. The Eu2+/3+ redox potential in the investigated ILs can be related to the Lewis basicity of the IL anion. The IL cation had little influence. The lower the determined halfwave potential, the higher the IL anion basicity. The obtained ranking can be confirmed by luminescence spectroscopy where a bathochromic shift of the D-5(0) -> F-7(4) transition indicates a stronger Lewis basicity of the IL anion. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Mudring, Anja-Verena] Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
Iowa State Univ, Crit Mat Inst, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Mudring, AV (reprint author), Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
EM anja.mudring@rub.de
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SPP 1191]; DFG Cluster of Excellence
RESOLV; Critical Materials Institute, an Energy Innovation Hub - U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,
Advanced Manufacturing Office
FX This work has been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
within the priority program SPP 1191 "Ionic Liquids", the DFG Cluster of
Excellence RESOLV and the Critical Materials Institute, an Energy
Innovation Hub funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Advanced Manufacturing Office.
NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7322
EI 1873-3166
J9 J MOL LIQ
JI J. Mol. Liq.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 192
SI SI
BP 191
EP 198
DI 10.1016/j.molliq.2014.03.005
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AH4PX
UT WOS:000336111600026
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Y
Shuster, W
AF Zhang, Yu
Shuster, William
TI THE COMPARATIVE ACCURACY OF TWO HYDROLOGIC MODELS IN SIMULATING
WARM-SEASON RUNOFF FOR TWO SMALL, HILLSLOPE CATCHMENTS(1)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE stormwater; micro-catchment; distributed model; runoff; calibration
ID WATER; FLOW; URBANIZATION; PARAMETERS; SYSTEMS; IMPACT; SOILS; SCALE;
SWMM
AB This article assesses the performance of two hydrologic models in simulating warm-season runoff for two upland, low-yield micro-catchments near Coshocton, Ohio. The two models, namely the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and the Gridded Surface-Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA), were implemented with contrasting levels of complexity, with the former representing the catchments as lumped spatial units and computing evaporation only from standing water, and the latter incorporating fine-scale variation in topography and soil properties and computing evapotranspiration from soil based on weather data. Our investigation began with uncalibrated model runs for 1990-2003 except for 1994 using a priori parameter values. Then a set of calibration experiments were performed wherein the sensitivity of model performance to the length of calibration records was examined. Our results pointed to large errors associated with simulations from both models: even the calibrated models were unable to reproduce the seasonal and between-catchment contrasts in runoff response. Using a priori parameter values, SWMM attained better results than GSSHA. However, with simple calibration, GSSHA outperformed SWMM in several respects. It was also found that extending the record of calibration rendered relatively minor changes to model performance. The practical and scientific implications of the findings are discussed.
C1 [Zhang, Yu] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Shuster, William] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, 1325 East West Hwy, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM yu.zhang@noaa.gov
FU USEPA through the Coshocton Urbanization Project; Oak Ridge Institute
for Science and Education
FX The research was funded by USEPA through the Coshocton Urbanization
Project. The postdoctoral research associate position was funded by Oak
Ridge Institute for Science and Education. We also thank Dr. James V.
Bonta for providing the data and critical suggestions. Drs. Fred L.
Ogden and Justin Niedzialek at University of Connecticut, and Mr. Aaron
Byrd at the US Army Corp of Engineers for providing technical assistance
to the implementation of GSSHA model. Three anonymous reviewers provided
valuable suggestions and their contributions are graciously acknowledged
here.
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 21
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 2
BP 434
EP 447
DI 10.1111/jawr.12135
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AE0WM
UT WOS:000333687000015
ER
PT J
AU Margolin, LG
AF Margolin, L. G.
TI Finite scale theory: The role of the observer in classical fluid flow
SO MECHANICS RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Review
DE Finite scale theory; Turbulence; Implicit large eddy simulation; Finite
volume methods
ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATIONS; IMPLICIT LES; STOCHASTIC BACKSCATTER; ARTIFICIAL
VISCOSITY; CORRECTED TRANSPORT; ENERGY-DISSIPATION; SUPERSONIC FLOWS;
TURBULENCE; EQUATIONS; MODELS
AB In this paper I review a coarse-grained fluid theory named the finite scale theory and describe the development of its numerical analog, implicit large eddy simulation (ILES). The derivation, interpretation and properties of the finite scale equations are discussed and connections to other physical theory and numerical methods are elucidated. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Margolin, LG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Phys Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM len@lanl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy's NNSA; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los
Alamos National Security, LLC [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy's NNSA by the Los Alamos National Laboratory operated by Los
Alamos National Security, LLC under contract number DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 58
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0093-6413
J9 MECH RES COMMUN
JI Mech. Res. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 57
BP 10
EP 17
DI 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2013.12.004
PG 8
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA AH9MH
UT WOS:000336466000003
ER
PT J
AU Williams, PT
AF Williams, Paul T.
TI Dose-Response Relationship between Exercise and Respiratory Disease
Mortality
SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
LA English
DT Article
DE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PNEUMONIA; PREVENTION; COHORT
ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE;
VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA; NATIONAL RUNNERS HEALTH;
KILLER-CELL-ACTIVITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; IMMUNE FUNCTION; RISK-FACTORS;
FOLLOW-UP; OUTCOMES
AB Purpose The objective of this study is to assess prospectively the dose-response relationship between respiratory disease (ICD10: J1-99), pneumonia (ICD10: J12.0-18.9), and aspiration pneumonia mortality (ICD10: J69) versus baseline walking and running energy expenditure (METhd(-1), 1 MET = 3.5 mL O(2)kg(-1)min(-1)).
Methods We conducted Cox proportional hazard analyses of 109,352 runners and 40,798 walkers adjusted for age, sex, smoking, diet, alcohol, and education.
Results There were 236 deaths with respiratory disease listed as the underlying cause, and 833 deaths were respiratory disease related (entity axis diagnosis). Included among these were 79 deaths with pneumonia listed as the underlying cause and 316 pneumonia-related deaths, and 77 deaths were due to aspiration pneumonia. There was no significant difference in the effect of running compared with walking (per MET-hour per day) on mortality; thus, runners and walkers were combined for analysis. Respiratory disease mortality decreased 7.9% per MET-hour per day as the underlying cause (95% CI, 1.6%-14.0%; P = 0.01) and 7.3% for all respiratory disease-related deaths (95% CI, 4.2%-10.4%; P = 10(-5)). Pneumonia mortality decreased 13.1% per MET-hour per day as the underlying cause (95% CI, 2.6%-23.2%; P = 0.01) and 10.5% per MET-hour per day for all pneumonia-related deaths (95% CI, 5.4%-15.5%; P = 0.0001). The risk for aspiration pneumonia mortality also did not differ between running and walking, and it decreased 19.9% per MET-hour per day run or walked (95% CI, 8.9%-30.2%; P = 0.0004). These results remained significant when additionally adjusted for body mass index.
Conclusions Higher doses of running and walking were associated with lower risk of respiratory disease, pneumonia, and aspiration pneumonia mortality in a dose-dependent manner, and the effects of running and walking appear equivalent. These effects appear to be independent of the effects of exercise on cardiovascular disease.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Williams, PT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Donner 464,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ptwilliams@lbl.gov
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL094717, R01 HL094717]
NR 37
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0195-9131
EI 1530-0315
J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER
JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 46
IS 4
BP 711
EP 717
DI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000142
PG 7
WC Sport Sciences
SC Sport Sciences
GA AH0WI
UT WOS:000335841100009
PM 24002349
ER
PT J
AU Ocola, LE
Rue, C
Maas, D
AF Ocola, Leonidas E.
Rue, Chad
Maas, Diederik
TI High-resolution direct-write patterning using focused ion beams
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE He; Ne; Si; Ga; microstructure; nanostructure; ion-solid interactions;
ion-beam assisted deposition; ion-implantation; lithography (removal);
ion-beam processing
ID LITHOGRAPHY; MICROSCOPY; ENERGY
AB Over the last few years, significant improvements in sources, columns, detectors, control software, and accessories have enabled a wealth of new focused ion beam applications. In addition, modeling has provided many insights into ion-sample interactions and the resultant effects on the sample. With the knowledge gained, the community has found new ion-beam induced chemistries and ion-beam sources, allowing extending nanostructure fabrication and material deposition to smaller dimensions and better control for direct write and patterning. Insignificant proximity effects in resist-based ion beam lithography, combined with the availability of sub-nm ion spot sizes, opens the way to sub-10 nm structures and dense patterns. Additionally, direct-write ion beam nanomachining can process multilevel structures with arbitrary depths in one single process step, with all the information included in a single standard design file, thus enabling fabrication applications not achievable with any other technique.
C1 [Ocola, Leonidas E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Rue, Chad] FEI Co, Hillsboro, OR USA.
[Maas, Diederik] TNO, Delft, Netherlands.
RP Ocola, LE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM ocola@anl.gov; chad.rue@fei.com; diederik.maas@tno.nl
OI Ocola, Leonidas/0000-0003-4990-1064
FU Argonne National Laboratory Center for Nanoscale Materials, US
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
User Facility [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NanoNextNL, a micro and
nanotechnology consortium of the Government of the Netherlands
FX This work was performed, in part, at the Argonne National Laboratory
Center for Nanoscale Materials, US Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility under Contract
No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Part of this work is also supported by
NanoNextNL, a micro and nanotechnology consortium of the Government of
the Netherlands and 130 partners. D. M. acknowledges Paul F.A. Alkemade
for his essential contribution to developing nanofabrication techniques
with the HIM.
NR 45
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 23
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0883-7694
EI 1938-1425
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 39
IS 4
BP 336
EP 341
DI 10.1557/mrs.2014.56
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AE6LS
UT WOS:000334105100012
ER
PT J
AU Joy, DC
Michael, JR
AF Joy, D. C.
Michael, J. R.
TI Modeling ion-solid interactions for imaging applications
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE ion beam analysis; microstructure; morphology
ID SCANNING-ELECTRON; CONTRAST; IMAGES
AB Ion beams are now widely used to thin, shape, or cut materials on the submicrometer scale. This is possible because ions can sputter (i.e., physically remove) material from the target. Ions can also be used to image materials because the incident beam generates ion-induced secondary electrons (iSE). In both cases, the nature of the target material and the choice of the ion employed and its initial energy will determine not only how quickly the beam can thin a specimen, but also the resolution and contrast of the iSE image that is generated. Clearly, there is a need to be able to predict parameters, such as the nature, information content, and spatial resolution of the iSE image. These and other related questions have been investigated using Monte Carlo simulations. We show how the parameters defining quantities, such as depth of penetration and the energy deposited by the incident beam, or the signal yield and resolution of the iSE image, can be predicted using this approach and how these results make it possible to interpret data and optimize operating conditions.
C1 [Joy, D. C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Dept Biochem Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Michael, J. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Joy, DC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Dept Biochem Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM djoy@utk.edu; jrmicha@sandia.gov
FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated by
Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin
Company, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 13
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0883-7694
EI 1938-1425
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 39
IS 4
BP 342
EP 346
DI 10.1557/mrs.2014.57
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AE6LS
UT WOS:000334105100013
ER
PT J
AU Kotula, PG
Rohrer, GS
Marsh, MP
AF Kotula, Paul G.
Rohrer, Gregory S.
Marsh, Michael P.
TI Focused ion beam and scanning electron microscopy for 3D materials
characterization
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE scanning electron microscopy (SEM); chemical composition;
crystallographic structure; ion solid interactions
ID ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; FIB; MICROSTRUCTURES; RECONSTRUCTION;
MICROANALYSIS; SIMULATION; SYSTEM
AB In this article, we review focused ion beam serial sectioning microscopy paired with analytical techniques, such as electron backscatter diffraction or x-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry, to study materials chemistry and structure in three dimensions. These three-dimensional microanalytical approaches have been greatly extended due to advances in software for both microscope control and data interpretation. Samples imaged with these techniques reveal structural features of materials that can be quantitatively characterized with rich chemical and crystallographic detail. We review these technological advances and the application areas that are benefitting. We also consider the challenges that remain for data collection, data processing, and visualization, which collectively limit the scale of these investigations. Further, we discuss recent innovations in quantitative analyses and numerical modeling that are being applied to microstructures illuminated by these techniques.
C1 [Kotula, Paul G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Rohrer, Gregory S.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Marsh, Michael P.] Marsh Imaging & Visualizat, Denver, CO USA.
RP Kotula, PG (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM paul.kotula@sandia.gov; gr20@andrew.cmu.edu; mike@marshimaging.com
RI Kotula, Paul/A-7657-2011; Rohrer, Gregory/A-9420-2008
OI Kotula, Paul/0000-0002-7521-2759; Rohrer, Gregory/0000-0002-9671-3034
FU United States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC0494AL85000]; ONR-MURI
[N00014-11-1-0678]; MRSEC program of the National Science Foundation
[DMR-0520425]
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy
(DOE) under contract DE-AC0494AL85000. P. K. acknowledges Michael Rye at
Sandia for helping with manual serial sectioning and 3D XEDS
acquisition. G.S.R. acknowledges financial support from the ONR-MURI
under Grant No. N00014-11-1-0678 and the MRSEC program of the National
Science Foundation under Award DMR-0520425.
NR 36
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 22
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0883-7694
EI 1938-1425
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 39
IS 4
BP 361
EP 365
DI 10.1557/mrs.2014.55
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AE6LS
UT WOS:000334105100016
ER
PT J
AU Voon, LCLY
Guzman-Verri, GG
AF Voon, L. C. Lew Yan
Guzman-Verri, G. G.
TI Is silicene the next graphene?
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Si; electronic material; nanostructure; electronic structure; atomic
layer deposition
ID ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LAYERED SILICON; NANOSHEETS;
1ST-PRINCIPLES; STABILITY; GERMANENE; FERROMAGNETISM; HYDROGENATION;
TRANSITION
AB This article reviews silicene, a relatively new allotrope of silicon, which can also be viewed as the silicon version of graphene. Graphene is a two-dimensional material with unique electronic properties qualitatively different from those of standard semiconductors such as silicon. While many other two-dimensional materials are now being studied, our focus here is solely on silicene. We first discuss its synthesis and the challenges presented. Next, a survey of some of its physical properties is provided. Silicene shares many of the fascinating properties of graphene, such as the so-called Dirac electronic dispersion. The slightly different structure, however, leads to a few major differences compared to graphene, such as the ability to open a bandgap in the presence of an electric field or on a substrate, a key property for digital electronics applications. We conclude with a brief survey of some of the potential applications of silicene.
C1 [Voon, L. C. Lew Yan] The Citadel, Sch Sci & Math, Charleston, SC 29409 USA.
[Guzman-Verri, G. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Voon, LCLY (reprint author), The Citadel, Sch Sci & Math, Charleston, SC 29409 USA.
EM llewyanv@citadel.edu; gguzman-verri@anl.gov
RI Guzman-Verri, G/H-6031-2011
FU National Science Foundation; Citadel Foundation; Traubert Endowed Funds;
US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Our early research on silicene was partially funded by the National
Science Foundation. Writing of this article was facilitated by funds
from The Citadel Foundation, the Traubert Endowed Funds, and the US
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under contract no.
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 75
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 7
U2 78
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0883-7694
EI 1938-1425
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 39
IS 4
BP 366
EP 373
DI 10.1557/mrs.2014.60
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AE6LS
UT WOS:000334105100017
ER
PT J
AU Bahn, M
Reichstein, M
Dukes, JS
Smith, MD
McDowell, NG
AF Bahn, Michael
Reichstein, Markus
Dukes, Jeffrey S.
Smith, Melinda D.
McDowell, Nate G.
TI Climate-biosphere interactions in a more extreme world
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE acclimation; Earth system models; ecosystem process; extreme climatic
events; legacy effect; resilience; threshold response; tipping point
ID PRECIPITATION MANIPULATION EXPERIMENTS; VEGETATION MORTALITY; DROUGHT;
EVENTS; FUTURE; PLANTS; CONSEQUENCES; DEFINITION; GRASSLAND; FRAMEWORK
C1 [Bahn, Michael] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Reichstein, Markus] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
[Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Smith, Melinda D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[McDowell, Nate G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Bahn, M (reprint author), Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, Sternwartestr 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
EM michael.bahn@uibk.ac.at
RI Bahn, Michael/I-3536-2013; Smith, Melinda/J-8987-2014; Young,
Kristina/M-3069-2014; Dukes, Jeffrey/C-9765-2009
OI Bahn, Michael/0000-0001-7482-9776; Dukes, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9482-7743
NR 28
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 9
U2 91
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0028-646X
EI 1469-8137
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 202
IS 2
BP 356
EP 359
DI 10.1111/nph.12662
PG 4
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AD2JH
UT WOS:000333060500005
PM 24383455
ER
PT J
AU Toome, M
Ohm, RA
Riley, RW
James, TY
Lazarus, KL
Henrissat, B
Albu, S
Boyd, A
Chow, J
Clum, A
Heller, G
Lipzen, A
Nolan, M
Sandor, L
Zvenigorodsky, N
Grigoriev, IV
Spatafora, JW
Aime, MC
AF Toome, Merje
Ohm, Robin A.
Riley, Robert W.
James, Timothy Y.
Lazarus, Katherine L.
Henrissat, Bernard
Albu, Sebastian
Boyd, Alexander
Chow, Julianna
Clum, Alicia
Heller, Gregory
Lipzen, Anna
Nolan, Matt
Sandor, Laura
Zvenigorodsky, Natasha
Grigoriev, Igor V.
Spatafora, Joseph W.
Aime, M. Catherine
TI Genome sequencing provides insight into the reproductive biology,
nutritional mode and ploidy of the fern pathogen Mixia osmundae
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE biotrophic fungi; CAZy; fungal genomics; Mixiomycetes; Osmunda spp;
sporogenesis
ID YEAST RHODOSPORIDIUM-TORULOIDES; MATING-TYPE; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION;
TAPHRINA-OSMUNDAE; PLANT; EVOLUTION; OBLIGATE; BIPOLAR; FUNGI;
IDENTIFICATION
AB Mixia osmundae (Basidiomycota, Pucciniomycotina) represents a monotypic class containing an unusual fern pathogen with incompletely understood biology. We sequenced and analyzed the genome of M.osmundae, focusing on genes that may provide some insight into its mode of pathogenicity and reproductive biology.
Mixia osmundae has the smallest plant pathogenic basidiomycete genome sequenced to date, at 13.6Mb, with very few repeats, high gene density, and relatively few significant gene family gains. The genome shows that the yeast state of M.osmundae is haploid and the lack of segregation of mating genes suggests that the spores produced on Osmunda spp. fronds are probably asexual. However, our finding of a complete complement of mating and meiosis genes suggests the capacity to undergo sexual reproduction. Analyses of carbohydrate active enzymes suggest that this fungus is a biotroph with the ability to break down several plant cell wall components. Analyses of publicly available sequence data show that other Mixia members may exist on other plant hosts and with a broader distribution than previously known.
C1 [Toome, Merje; Aime, M. Catherine] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Ohm, Robin A.; Riley, Robert W.; Chow, Julianna; Clum, Alicia; Lipzen, Anna; Nolan, Matt; Sandor, Laura; Zvenigorodsky, Natasha; Grigoriev, Igor V.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
[James, Timothy Y.; Lazarus, Katherine L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Henrissat, Bernard] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, UMR 7257, F-13288 Marseille, France.
[Albu, Sebastian; Heller, Gregory] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Boyd, Alexander; Spatafora, Joseph W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Aime, MC (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM maime@purdue.edu
RI Henrissat, Bernard/J-2475-2012; Ohm, Robin/I-6689-2016
FU National Science Foundation Assembling the Fungal Tree of Life project
[NSF DEB-0732968]; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Strains JCM 22200, 22183 and 22184 were provided by the Japan Collection
of Microorganisms, RIKEN BRC which is participating in the National
BioResource Project of the MEXT, Japan. Dr Lynn G. Clark from Iowa State
University is thanked for providing additional information about the
environmental sequences obtained from bamboo, and Dr Mahajabeen Padamsee
assisted with sample preparation. We are thankful to Dr Michael Perlin
and Dr Kenneth Wolfe for granting permission to use the unpublished
genome data of M. violaceum and S. roseus, respectively. We also thank
Dr Louis Corrochano for allowing us to use the unpublished genome of P.
blakesleeanus in phylogenetic analyses. Dr Steve Goodwin is acknowledged
for discussions and comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We
thank Kanehisa Labs for allowing the use of the meiosis pathway map.
This study was supported by the National Science Foundation Assembling
the Fungal Tree of Life project, NSF DEB-0732968. The work conducted by
the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the
Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under contract no.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 68
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0028-646X
EI 1469-8137
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 202
IS 2
BP 554
EP 564
DI 10.1111/nph.12653
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AD2JH
UT WOS:000333060500026
PM 24372469
ER
PT J
AU Keiser, DD
Jue, JF
Miller, BD
Gan, J
Robinson, AB
Medvedev, P
Madden, J
Wachs, D
Meyer, M
AF Keiser, Dennis D., Jr.
Jue, Jan-Fong
Miller, Brandon D.
Gan, Jian
Robinson, Adam B.
Medvedev, Pavel
Madden, James
Wachs, Dan
Meyer, Mitch
TI SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY ANALYSIS OF FUEL/MATRIX INTERACTION LAYERS
IN HIGHLY-IRRADIATED U-Mo DISPERSION FUEL PLATES WITH Al AND Al-Si ALLOY
MATRICES
SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron Microscopy; Nuclear Fuel; Research Reactor; Uranium Molybdenum
Alloy, Microstructure
ID E-FUTURE PLATES; NONDESTRUCTIVE ANALYSES; MICROSTRUCTURE; PERFORMANCE;
SAMPLES
AB In order to investigate how the microstructure of fuel/matrix-interaction (FMI) layers change during irradiation, different U-7Mo dispersion fuel plates have been irradiated to high fission density and then characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Specifially, samples from irradiated U-7Mo dispersion fuel elements with pure Al, Al-2Si and AA4043 (similar to 4.5 wt.%Si) matrices were SEM characterized using polished samples and samples that were prepared with a focused ion beam (FIB). Features not observable for the polished samples could be captured in SEM images taken of the FIB samples. For the Al matrix sample, a relatively large FMI layer develops, with enrichment of Xe at the FMI layer/Al matrix interface and evidence of debonding. Overall, a significant penetration of Si from the FMI layer into the U-7Mo fuel was observed for samples with Si in the Al matrix, which resulted in a change of the size (larger) and shape (round) of the fission gas bubbles. Additionally, solid fission product phases were observed to nucleate and grow within these bubbles. These changes in the localized regions of the microstructure of the U-7Mo may contribute to changes observed in the macroscopic swelling of fuel plates with Al-Si matrices.
C1 [Keiser, Dennis D., Jr.; Jue, Jan-Fong; Miller, Brandon D.; Gan, Jian; Robinson, Adam B.; Medvedev, Pavel; Madden, James; Wachs, Dan; Meyer, Mitch] Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Keiser, DD (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, POB 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM Dennis.Keiser@inl.gov
OI Meyer, Mitchell/0000-0002-1980-7862
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC07-051D14517]
FX This manuscript has been authored by Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC,
under Contract No. DE-AC07-051D14517 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The U. S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article
for publication, acknowledges that the U. S. Government retains a
nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do
so, for U. S. Government purposes. The HFEF staff, located at INL, is
thankfully acknowledged for its contributions in performing PIE and
generating punchings used for conducting the SEM analysis.
Acknowledgment is given to the ATR staff for their assistance in
performing the irradiation experiments.
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 9
PU KOREAN NUCLEAR SOC
PI DAEJEON
PA NUTOPIA BLDG, 342-1 JANGDAE-DONG, DAEJEON, 305-308, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1738-5733
J9 NUCL ENG TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Eng. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 46
IS 2
BP 147
EP 158
DI 10.5516/NET.07.2014.704
PG 12
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AH7VB
UT WOS:000336342300002
ER
PT J
AU Ryu, HJ
Kim, YS
AF Ryu, Ho Jin
Kim, Yeon Soo
TI INFLUENCE OF FUEL-MATRIX INTERACTION ON THE BREAKAWAY SWELLING OF U-MO
DISPERSION FUEL IN AL
SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE U-Mo; Dispersion Fuel; Breakaway Swelling; Fuel-matrix Interaction;
Fission Gas Release
ID IRRADIATION BEHAVIOR; PARTICLE DISPERSION; LAYER GROWTH; SI;
INTERDIFFUSION; PRODUCT; PLATES
AB In order to advance understanding of the breakaway swelling behavior of U-Mo/Al dispersion fuel under a high-power irradiation condition, the effects of fuel-matrix interaction on the fuel performance of U-Mo/Al dispersion fuel were investigated. Fission gas release into large interfacial pores between interaction layers and the Al matrix was analyzed using both mechanistic models and observations of the post-irradiation examination results of U-Mo dispersion fuels. Using the model predictions, advantageous fuel design parameters are recommended to prevent breakaway swelling.
C1 [Ryu, Ho Jin] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Nucl & Quantum Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
[Kim, Yeon Soo] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Ryu, HJ (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Nucl & Quantum Engn, 291 Daehakro, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
EM hojinryu@kaist.ac.kr
RI RYU, HO JIN/J-2764-2013
OI RYU, HO JIN/0000-0002-3387-7381
FU Ministry of Science, Information and Future Planning (MSIP) of Korea
[NRF-2013M2A8A1041241]; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology (KAIST)
FX This study was supported by the National Nuclear R&D Program of the
Ministry of Science, Information and Future Planning (MSIP) of Korea
(NRF-2013M2A8A1041241) and by Korea Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology (KAIST).
NR 47
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 2
PU KOREAN NUCLEAR SOC
PI DAEJEON
PA NUTOPIA BLDG, 342-1 JANGDAE-DONG, DAEJEON, 305-308, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1738-5733
J9 NUCL ENG TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Eng. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 46
IS 2
BP 159
EP 168
DI 10.5516/NET.07.2014.705
PG 10
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AH7VB
UT WOS:000336342300003
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, MK
Gan, J
Jue, JF
Keiser, DD
Perez, E
Robinson, A
Wachs, DM
Woolstenhulme, N
Hofman, GL
Kim, YS
AF Meyer, M. K.
Gan, J.
Jue, J. F.
Keiser, D. D.
Perez, E.
Robinson, A.
Wachs, D. M.
Woolstenhulme, N.
Hofman, G. L.
Kim, Y. S.
TI IRRADIATION PERFORMANCE OF U-Mo MONOLITHIC FUEL
SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE U-Mo; Monolithic Fuel; Research Reactor; Dispersion; Irradiation
Testing; Low-enriched Uranium
ID LOW MOLYBDENUM ALLOYS; DISPERSION FUEL; GAMMA-PHASE; DIFFUSION BARRIER;
ZR; DECOMPOSITION; BEHAVIOR; PLATES; MICROSTRUCTURE; INTERDIFFUSION
AB High-performance research reactors require fuel that operates at high specific power to high fission density, but at relatively low temperatures. Research reactor fuels are designed for efficient heat rejection, and are composed of assemblies of thin-plates clad in aluminum alloy. The development of low-enriched fuels to replace high-enriched fuels for these reactors requires a substantially increased uranium density in the fuel to offset the decrease in enrichment. Very few fuel phases have been identified that have the required combination of very-high uranium density and stable fuel behavior at high burnup. U-Mo alloys represent the best known tradeoff in these properties. Testing of aluminum matrix U-Mo aluminum matrix dispersion fuel revealed a pattern of breakaway swelling behavior at intermediate bumup, related to the formation of a molybdenum stabilized high aluminum intermetallic phase that forms during irradiation. In the case of monolithic fuel, this issue was addressed by eliminating, as much as possible, the interfacial area between U-Mo and aluminum. Based on scoping irradiation test data, a fuel plate system composed of solid U-10Mo fuel meat, a zirconium diffusion barrier, and A16061 cladding was selected for development. Developmental testing of this fuel system indicates that it meets core criteria for fuel qualification, including stable and predictable swelling behavior, mechanical integrity to high burnup, and geometric stability. In addition, the fuel exhibits robust behavior during power-cooling mismatch events under irradiation at high power.
C1 [Meyer, M. K.; Gan, J.; Jue, J. F.; Keiser, D. D.; Perez, E.; Robinson, A.; Wachs, D. M.; Woolstenhulme, N.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Hofman, G. L.; Kim, Y. S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
RP Meyer, MK (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, 2525 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM mitchell.meyer@inl.gov
OI Meyer, Mitchell/0000-0002-1980-7862
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction
[NA-212]; National Nuclear Security Administration, under DOE NE Idaho
Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]; agency of the U.S. Government
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction (NA-212), National Nuclear Security
Administration, under DOE NE Idaho Operations Office Contract
DE-AC07-05ID14517. Accordingly, the U. S. Government retains a
non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the
published from of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S.
Government purposes. This information was prepared as an account of work
sponsored by an agency of the U.S. Government. Neither the U.S.
Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any
warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or
responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any
information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents
that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. References
herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade
name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily
constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the
U.S. Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of the
authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of
the U.S. Government or any agency thereof.
NR 68
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 13
PU KOREAN NUCLEAR SOC
PI DAEJEON
PA NUTOPIA BLDG, 342-1 JANGDAE-DONG, DAEJEON, 305-308, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1738-5733
J9 NUCL ENG TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Eng. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 46
IS 2
BP 169
EP 182
DI 10.5516/NET.07.2014.706
PG 14
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AH7VB
UT WOS:000336342300004
ER
PT J
AU Guimaraes, JC
Rocha, M
Arkin, AP
AF Guimaraes, Joao C.
Rocha, Miguel
Arkin, Adam P.
TI Transcript level and sequence determinants of protein abundance and
noise in Escherichia coli
SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; SYNONYMOUS CODON USAGE; RIBOSOME
BINDING-SITES; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSLATION INITIATION;
QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE;
INTRAGENIC POSITION; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS
AB The range over which a protein is expressed, and its cell-to-cell variability, is often thought to be linked to the demand for its activity. Steady-state protein level is determined by multiple mechanisms controlling transcription and translation, many of which are limited by DNA- and RNA-encoded signals that affect initiation, elongation and termination of polymerases and ribosomes. We performed a comprehensive analysis of > 100 sequence features to derive a predictive model composed of a minimal non-redundant set of factors explaining 66% of the total variation of protein abundance observed in > 800 genes in Escherichia coli. The model suggests that protein abundance is primarily determined by the transcript level (53%) and by effectors of translation elongation (12%), whereas only a small fraction of the variation is explained by translational initiation (1%). Our analyses uncover a new sequence determinant, not previously described, affecting translation initiation and suggest that elongation rate is affected by both codon biases and specific amino acid composition. We also show that transcription and translation efficiency may have an effect on expression noise, which is more similar than previously assumed.
C1 [Guimaraes, Joao C.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Guimaraes, Joao C.; Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Guimaraes, Joao C.; Rocha, Miguel] Univ Minho, Sch Engn, Comp Sci & Technol Ctr, P-4710057 Braga, Portugal.
[Arkin, Adam P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Arkin, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM aparkin@lbl.gov
RI Rocha, Miguel/B-9404-2011; Arkin, Adam/A-6751-2008; Guimaraes,
Joao/A-8572-2012
OI Rocha, Miguel/0000-0001-8439-8172; Arkin, Adam/0000-0002-4999-2931;
Guimaraes, Joao/0000-0002-1664-472X
FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/47819/2008]; Synthetic
Biology Engineering Research Center under National Science Foundation
[04-570/0540879]; European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE
Programme; National Funds through the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a
Tecnologia [FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-015079]; Synthetic Biology Engineering
Research Center
FX Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/47819/2008 to JCG]; the
Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center under National Science
Foundation [04-570/0540879]; and the European Regional Development Fund
through the COMPETE Programme and by National Funds through the Fundacao
para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-015079]. Funding for
open access charge: Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center.
NR 73
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 26
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1048
EI 1362-4962
J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES
JI Nucleic Acids Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 8
BP 4791
EP 4799
DI 10.1093/nar/gku126
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AH4JD
UT WOS:000336092300013
PM 24510099
ER
PT J
AU Tu, QC
He, ZL
Zhou, JZ
AF Tu, Qichao
He, Zhili
Zhou, Jizhong
TI Strain/species identification in metagenomes using genome-specific
markers
SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN MICROBIOME; GUT MICROBIOTA; WIDE ASSOCIATION; COMMUNITY; SEQUENCE;
GENES; DIVERSITY; BUTYRATE; INSIGHTS; REVEALS
AB Shotgun metagenome sequencing has become a fast, cheap and high-throughput technology for characterizing microbial communities in complex environments and human body sites. However, accurate identification of microorganisms at the strain/species level remains extremely challenging. We present a novel k-mer-based approach, termed GSMer, that identifies genome-specific markers (GSMs) from currently sequenced microbial genomes, which were then used for strain/species-level identification in metagenomes. Using 5390 sequenced microbial genomes, 8 770 321 50-mer strain-specific and 11 736 360 species-specific GSMs were identified for 4088 strains and 2005 species (4933 strains), respectively. The GSMs were first evaluated against mock community metagenomes, recently sequenced genomes and real metagenomes from different body sites, suggesting that the identified GSMs were specific to their targeting genomes. Sensitivity evaluation against synthetic metagenomes with different coverage suggested that 50 GSMs per strain were sufficient to identify most microbial strains with a parts per thousand yen0.25x coverage, and 10% of selected GSMs in a database should be detected for confident positive callings. Application of GSMs identified 45 and 74 microbial strains/species significantly associated with type 2 diabetes patients and obese/lean individuals from corresponding gastrointestinal tract metagenomes, respectively. Our result agreed with previous studies but provided strain-level information. The approach can be directly applied to identify microbial strains/species from raw metagenomes, without the effort of complex data pre-processing.
C1 [Tu, Qichao; He, Zhili; Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Zhou, JZ (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM zhili.he@ou.edu; jzhou@ou.edu
FU ENIGMA, a Scientific Focus Area [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research (OBER), 'Genomics: GTL Foundational Science'; OBER Biological
Systems Research on the Role of Microbial Communities in Carbon Cycling
Program [DE-SC0004601]; U.S. National Science Foundation MacroSystems
Biology program [NSF EF-1065844]; Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of
Science and Technology (OCAST) through the Oklahoma Applied Research
Support (OARS) Project [AR11-035]
FX Funding for open access charge: The theoretical part of this study was
supported, through contract [DE-AC02-05CH11231] (as part of ENIGMA, a
Scientific Focus Area), by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER),
'Genomics: GTL Foundational Science', to Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, by the OBER Biological Systems Research on the Role of
Microbial Communities in Carbon Cycling Program [DE-SC0004601] and by
the U.S. National Science Foundation MacroSystems Biology program under
the contract [NSF EF-1065844]. The application part of this study was
supported by the Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and
Technology (OCAST) through the Oklahoma Applied Research Support (OARS)
Project [AR11-035].
NR 53
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 31
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1048
EI 1362-4962
J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES
JI Nucleic Acids Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 8
AR e67
DI 10.1093/nar/gku138
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AH4JD
UT WOS:000336092300006
PM 24523352
ER
PT J
AU Wang, GT
Li, QM
Wierer, JJ
Koleske, DD
Figiel, JJ
AF Wang, George T.
Li, Qiming
Wierer, Jonathan J.
Koleske, Daniel D.
Figiel, Jeffrey J.
TI Top-down fabrication and characterization of axial and radial
III-nitride nanowire LEDs
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE GaN; LEDs; nanowires; top-down
ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; QUANTUM-WELLS; SI(111); ARRAYS
AB Complex axial and radial type III-nitride InGaN/GaN nanowire LEDs are realized using a recently developed top-down fabrication approach which enables high quality GaN-based nanowires with independently controlled height, pitch, and diameter. In this paper, we report on the fabrication, structural characterization, and luminescence of these two different structures and discuss their relative merits, weaknesses, and prospects in the context of the field. Axial (left) and radial (right) nanowire LEDs fabricated by a two-step top-down method.
C1 [Wang, George T.; Li, Qiming; Wierer, Jonathan J.; Koleske, Daniel D.; Figiel, Jeffrey J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Wang, GT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM gtwang@sandia.gov
RI Wierer, Jonathan/G-1594-2013
OI Wierer, Jonathan/0000-0001-6971-4835
FU Sandia's Laboratory Directed Research and Development program; Sandia's
Solid State Lighting Science Energy Frontier Research Center; DOE BES;
U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The radial nanowire LED shell re-growth and electrical device
fabrication and characterization was funded by Sandia's Laboratory
Directed Research and Development program. The remainder of the work was
funded by Sandia's Solid State Lighting Science Energy Frontier Research
Center, funded by DOE BES. Sandia National Laboratories is a
multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a
wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S.
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 16
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 37
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1862-6300
EI 1862-6319
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A
JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Mat.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 211
IS 4
BP 748
EP 751
DI 10.1002/pssa.201300491
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AE3XM
UT WOS:000333911800005
ER
PT J
AU Balakrishnan, K
AF Balakrishnan, Kaushik
TI Explosion-driven Rayleigh-Taylor instability in gas-particle mixtures
SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITIES; BUOYANCY-DRAG MODEL; BLAST-WAVE;
NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; HEAT-TRANSFER; SHOCK-TUBE; DISPERSION; BUBBLE;
CLOUDS; SPHERE
AB The structure and growth of an explosion-driven Rayleigh-Taylor instability in gas-particle mixtures is investigated using two-dimensional numerical simulations. Particle concentration and diameter are varied and the growth of the ensuing mixing layer and its dependence on these parameters is investigated. The hydrodynamic structures are subdued and lose their coherence with increase in solid particle concentrations. When the solid particle concentration is fixed but particle diameter varied, a non-monotic behavior is observed. It is found that an intermediate particle size results in the widest mixing zone and degree of mixing. This is due to the differences in the spatial accumulation of the particles as they disperse. Small particles accumulate in the bubbles and around the spikes of the Rayleigh-Taylor structures; intermediate-sized particles in the tips of the spikes and as roots into the driver fluid; large particles accumulate primarily in the spikes and as thin, elongated roots into the driver fluid. Such differences are attributed to the response time or Stokes number of the particles. Finally, future directions for extending the current research are summarized. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Balakrishnan, Kaushik] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Balakrishnan, K (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM kaushikb258@gmail.com
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-6631
EI 1089-7666
J9 PHYS FLUIDS
JI Phys. Fluids
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 26
IS 4
AR 043303
DI 10.1063/1.4873175
PG 15
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA AH5FA
UT WOS:000336152700026
ER
PT J
AU Olson, BJ
Greenough, J
AF Olson, Britton J.
Greenough, Jeff
TI Large eddy simulation requirements for the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability
SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS
LA English
DT Article
ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; TURBULENCE; REFINEMENT; MODELS; FLOWS
AB The shock induced mixing of two gases separated by a perturbed interface is investigated through Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). In a simulation, physical dissipation of the velocity field and species mass fraction often compete with numerical dissipation arising from the errors of the numerical method. In a DNS, the computational mesh resolves all physical gradients of the flow and the relative effect of numerical dissipation is small. In LES, unresolved scales are present and numerical dissipation can have a large impact on the flow, depending on the computational mesh. A suite of simulations explores the space between these two extremes by studying the effects of grid resolution, Reynolds number, and numerical method on the mixing process. Results from a DNS are shown using two different codes that use a high-and low-order numerical method and show convergence in the temporal and spectral dependent quantities associated with mixing. Data from an unresolved, high Reynolds number LES are also presented and include a grid convergence study. A model for an effective viscosity is proposed which allows for an a posteriori analysis of the simulation database that is agnostic to the LES model, numerics, and the physical Reynolds number of the simulation. An analogous approximation for an effective species diffusivity is also presented. This framework is then used to estimate the effective Reynolds number and Schmidt number of future simulations, elucidate the impact of numerical dissipation on the mixing process for an arbitrary numerical method, and provide guidance for resolution requirements of future calculations in this flow regime. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Olson, Britton J.; Greenough, Jeff] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Olson, BJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM olson45@llnl.gov
FU (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the (U.S.) Department of
Energy (DOE) by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
No. DE-AC52-07NA27344. The authors wish to thank A. Cook, W. Cabot, O.
Schilling, and B. Morgan for many valuable discussions and for help in
running the codes.
NR 33
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U1 3
U2 15
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-6631
EI 1089-7666
J9 PHYS FLUIDS
JI Phys. Fluids
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 26
IS 4
AR 044103
DI 10.1063/1.4871396
PG 25
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA AH5FA
UT WOS:000336152700032
ER
PT J
AU Boedo, JA
Myra, JR
Zweben, S
Maingi, R
Maqueda, RJ
Soukhanovskii, VA
Ahn, JW
Canik, J
Crocker, N
D'Ippolito, DA
Bell, R
Kugel, H
Leblanc, B
Roquemore, LA
Rudakov, DL
AF Boedo, J. A.
Myra, J. R.
Zweben, S.
Maingi, R.
Maqueda, R. J.
Soukhanovskii, V. A.
Ahn, J. W.
Canik, J.
Crocker, N.
D'Ippolito, D. A.
Bell, R.
Kugel, H.
Leblanc, B.
Roquemore, L. A.
Rudakov, D. L.
CA NSTX Team
TI Edge transport studies in the edge and scrape-off layer of the National
Spherical Torus Experiment with Langmuir probes
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALCATOR C-MOD; DIII-D TOKAMAK; TURBULENT TRANSPORT; PARTICLE-TRANSPORT;
PLASMA TURBULENCE; LOCALIZED MODES; BLOB TRANSPORT; ELECTROSTATIC
FLUCTUATIONS; INTERMITTENT CONVECTION; VELOCITY SHEAR
AB Transport and turbulence profiles were directly evaluated using probes for the first time in the edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) of NSTX [Ono et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 557 (2000)] in low (L) and high (H) confinement, low power (P-in similar to 1.3 MW), beam-heated, lower single-null discharges. Radial turbulent particle fluxes peak near the last closed flux surface (LCFS) at approximate to 4 x 10(21) s(-1) in L-mode and are suppressed to approximate to 0.2 x 10(21) s(-1) in H mode (80%-90% lower) mostly due to a reduction in density fluctuation amplitude and of the phase between density and radial velocity fluctuations. The radial particle fluxes are consistent with particle inventory based on SOLPS fluid modeling. A strong intermittent component is identified. Hot, dense plasma filaments 4-10 cm in diameter, appear first similar to 2 cm inside the LCFS at a rate of similar to 1 x 10(21) s(-1) and leave that region with radial speeds of similar to 3-5 km/s, decaying as they travel through the SOL, while voids travel inward toward the core. Profiles of normalized fluctuations feature levels of 10% inside LCFS to similar to 150% at the LCFS and SOL. Once properly normalized, the intermittency in NSTX falls in similar electrostatic instability regimes as seen in other devices. The L-H transition causes a drop in the intermittent filaments velocity, amplitude and number in the SOL, resulting in reduced outward transport away from the edge and a less dense SOL. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Boedo, J. A.; Rudakov, D. L.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Myra, J. R.; D'Ippolito, D. A.] Lodestar Res Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Zweben, S.; Maingi, R.; Maqueda, R. J.; Bell, R.; Kugel, H.; Leblanc, B.; Roquemore, L. A.; NSTX Team] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Soukhanovskii, V. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Ahn, J. W.; Canik, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Crocker, N.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Boedo, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM jboedo@ucsd.edu
OI Canik, John/0000-0001-6934-6681
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-AC02-09CH11466,
DE-AC52-07NA27344, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-FG02-08ER54984]
FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under
DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-AC02-09CH11466, DE-AC52-07NA27344,
DE-AC05-00OR22725, and DE-FG02-08ER54984.
NR 97
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 23
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 042309
DI 10.1063/1.4873390
PG 12
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900032
ER
PT J
AU Chapman, T
Brunner, S
Banks, JW
Berger, RL
Cohen, BI
Williams, EA
AF Chapman, T.
Brunner, S.
Banks, J. W.
Berger, R. L.
Cohen, B. I.
Williams, E. A.
TI New insights into the decay of ion waves to turbulence, ion heating, and
soliton generation
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID STIMULATED BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING; NONLINEAR PLASMA-OSCILLATIONS; DE-VRIES
EQUATION; ACOUSTIC-WAVES; FREQUENCY-SHIFT; SOUND-WAVES; LASER-BEAM;
SATURATION; ELECTRON; INSTABILITIES
AB The decay of a single-frequency, propagating ion acoustic wave (IAW) via two-ion wave decay to a continuum of IAW modes is found to result in a highly turbulent plasma, ion soliton production, and rapid ion heating. Instability growth rates, thresholds, and sensitivities to plasma conditions are studied via fully kinetic Vlasov simulations. The decay rate of IAWs is found to scale linearly with the fundamental IAW potential amplitude phi(1) for ZT(e)/T-i less than or similar to 20, beyond which the instability is shown to scale with a higher power of phi(1), where Z is the ion charge number and T-e (T-i) is the electron (ion) thermal temperature. The threshold for instability is found to be smaller by an order of magnitude than linear theory estimates. Achieving a better understanding of the saturation of stimulated Brillouin scatter levels observed in laser-plasma interaction experiments is part of the motivation for this study. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Chapman, T.; Banks, J. W.; Berger, R. L.; Cohen, B. I.; Williams, E. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Brunner, S.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Assoc EURATOM Confederat Suisse, Ctr Rech Phys Plasmas, CRPP PPB, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
RP Chapman, T (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM chapman29@llnl.gov
RI Banks, Jeffrey/A-9718-2012; Brunner, Stephan/B-6200-2009
OI Brunner, Stephan/0000-0001-7588-7476
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Research and Development Program at LLNL
[12-ERD-061]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344 and funded by the Laboratory Research and Development
Program at LLNL under project tracking code 12-ERD-061.
NR 43
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 042107
DI 10.1063/1.4870090
PG 13
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900011
ER
PT J
AU Chen, H
Fiksel, G
Barnak, D
Chang, PY
Heeter, RF
Link, A
Meyerhofer, DD
AF Chen, Hui
Fiksel, G.
Barnak, D.
Chang, P. -Y.
Heeter, R. F.
Link, A.
Meyerhofer, D. D.
TI Magnetic collimation of relativistic positrons and electrons from high
intensity laser-matter interactions
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; SHOCKS; PLASMAS; DRIVEN; TECHNOLOGY; RAYS
AB Collimation of positrons produced by laser-solid interactions has been observed using an externally applied axial magnetic field. The collimation leads to a narrow divergence positron beam, with an equivalent full width at half maximum beam divergence angle of 4 degrees vs the un-collimated divergence of about 20 degrees. A fraction of the laser-produced relativistic electrons with energies close to those of the positrons is collimated, so the charge imbalance ratio (n(e-)/n(e+)) in the co-propagating collimated electron-positron jet is reduced from similar to 100 (no collimation) to similar to 2.5 (with collimation). The positron density in the collimated beam increased from 5 x 10(7) cm(-3) to 1.9 x 10(9) cm(-3), measured at the 0.6 m from the source. This is a significant step towards the grand challenge of making a charge neutral electron-positron pair plasma jet in the laboratory. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Chen, Hui; Heeter, R. F.; Link, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Fiksel, G.; Barnak, D.; Chang, P. -Y.; Meyerhofer, D. D.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
RP Chen, H (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RI Chang, Po-Yu/L-5745-2016
FU U.S. DOE by LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; LDRD [12-ERD-062]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Omega EP facility during
these Laboratory Basic Science experiments. We thank Bob Cauble, Henry
Shaw, and Bill Goldstein for encouragement and support, and D. D. Ryutov
for fruitful discussions. This work was performed under the auspices of
the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344, and funded by
the LDRD (12-ERD-062) program.
NR 33
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 040703
DI 10.1063/1.4873711
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900003
ER
PT J
AU Daligault, J
AF Daligault, Jerome
TI Landau damping and the onset of particle trapping in quantum plasmas
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
AB Using analytical theory and simulations, we assess the impact of quantum effects on non-linear wave-particle interactions in quantum plasmas. We more specifically focus on the resonant interaction between Langmuir waves and electrons, which, in classical plasmas, lead to particle trapping. Two regimes are identified depending on the difference between the time scale of oscillation t(B)(k) = root m/eEk of a trapped electron and the quantum time scale t(q)(k) = 2m/(h) over bark(2) related to recoil effect, where E and k are the wave amplitude and wave vector. In the classical-like regime, t(B)(k) < t(q)(k), resonant electrons are trapped in the wave troughs and greatly affect the evolution of the system long before the wave has had time to Landau damp by a large amount according to linear theory. In the quantum regime, t(B)(k) > t(q)(k), particle trapping is hampered by the finite recoil imparted to resonant electrons in their interactions with plasmons. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Daligault, J (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 040701
DI 10.1063/1.4873378
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900001
ER
PT J
AU Dennis, GR
Hudson, SR
Dewar, RL
Hole, MJ
AF Dennis, G. R.
Hudson, S. R.
Dewar, R. L.
Hole, M. J.
TI Multi-region relaxed magnetohydrodynamics with flow
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMA-VACUUM SYSTEMS; PELLET INJECTION; RELAXATION; EQUILIBRIA;
PRINCIPLES
AB We present an extension of the multi-region relaxed magnetohydrodynamics (MRxMHD) equilibrium model that includes plasma flow. This new model is a generalization of Woltjer's model of relaxed magnetohydrodynamics equilibria with flow. We prove that as the number of plasma regions becomes infinite, our extension of MRxMHD reduces to ideal MHD with flow. We also prove that some solutions to MRxMHD with flow are not time-independent in the laboratory frame, and instead have 3D structure which rotates in the toroidal direction with fixed angular velocity. This capability gives MRxMHD potential application to describing rotating 3D MHD structures such as "snakes" and long-lived modes. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Dennis, G. R.; Dewar, R. L.; Hole, M. J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys & Engn, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Hudson, S. R.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Dennis, GR (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys & Engn, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
EM graham.dennis@anu.edu.au
RI Hudson, Stuart/H-7186-2013;
OI Hudson, Stuart/0000-0003-1530-2733; Dewar, Robert/0000-0002-9518-7087
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Australian Research Council [DP0452728,
FT0991899, DP110102881]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support of the U.S. Department of
Energy and the Australian Research Council, through Grants Nos.
DP0452728, FT0991899, and DP110102881.
NR 30
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U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 042501
DI 10.1063/1.4870008
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900033
ER
PT J
AU Farmer, WA
AF Farmer, W. A.
TI Ballooning modes localized near the null point of a divertor
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID SNOWFLAKE DIVERTOR; PLASMA
AB The stability of ballooning modes localized to the null point in both the standard and snowflake divertors is considered. Ideal magnetohydrodynamics is used. A series expansion of the flux function is performed in the vicinity of the null point with the lowest, non-vanishing term retained for each divertor configuration. The energy principle is used with a trial function to determine a sufficient instability threshold. It is shown that this threshold depends on the orientation of the flux surfaces with respect to the major radius with a critical angle appearing due to the convergence of the field lines away from the null point. When the angle the major radius forms with respect to the flux surfaces exceeds this critical angle, the system is stabilized. Further, the scaling of the instability threshold with the aspect ratio and the ratio of the scrape-off-layer width to the major radius is shown. It is concluded that ballooning modes are not a likely candidate for driving convection in the vicinity of the null for parameters relevant to existing machines. However, the results place a lower bound on the width of the heat flux in the private flux region. To explain convective mixing in the vicinity of the null point, new consideration should be given to an axisymmetric mixing mode [W. A. Farmer and D. D. Ryutov, Phys. Plasmas 20, 092117 (2013)] as a possible candidate to explain current experimental results. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Farmer, W. A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Farmer, W. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Farmer, WA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX The author is grateful to Dr. D. D. Ryutov for many helpful discussions
regarding the material and for suggestions that have improved the
content of this manuscript. This work was performed under the auspices
of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 042114
DI 10.1063/1.4871393
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900018
ER
PT J
AU Fu, XR
Cowee, MM
Liu, K
Gary, SP
Winske, D
AF Fu, X. R.
Cowee, M. M.
Liu, K.
Gary, S. Peter
Winske, D.
TI Particle-in-cell simulations of velocity scattering of an anisotropic
electron beam by electrostatic and electromagnetic instabilities
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID NONLINEAR-INTERACTION; COMPETING PROCESSES; OBLIQUE WHISTLER; EARTHS
FORESHOCK; PLASMA; MAGNETOSPHERE; WAVES
AB The velocity space scattering of an anisotropic electron beam (T-perpendicular to b/T-parallel to b > 1) flowing along a background magnetic field B-0 through a cold plasma is investigated using both linear theory and 2D particle-in-cell simulations. Here, perpendicular to and parallel to represent the directions perpendicular and parallel to B-0, respectively. In this scenario, we find that two primary instabilities contribute to the scattering in electron pitch angle: an electrostatic electron beam instability and a predominantly parallel-propagating electromagnetic whistler anisotropy instability. Our results show that at relative beam densities n(b)/n(e) <= 0.05 and beam temperature anisotropies T-b perpendicular to/T-b parallel to <= 25, the electrostatic beam instability grows much faster than the whistler instabilities for a reasonably fast hot beam. The enhanced fluctuating fields from the beam instability scatter the beam electrons, slowing their average speed and increasing their parallel temperature, thereby increasing their pitch angles. In an inhomogeneous magnetic field, such as the geomagnetic field, this could result in beam electrons scattered out of the loss cone. After saturation of the electrostatic instability, the parallel-propagating whistler anisotropy instability shows appreciable growth, provided that the beam density and late-time anisotropy are sufficiently large. Although the whistler anisotropy instability acts to pitch-angle scatter the electrons, reducing perpendicular energy in favor of parallel energy, these changes are weak compared to the pitch-angle increases resulting from the deceleration of the beam due to the electrostatic instability. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Fu, X. R.; Cowee, M. M.; Winske, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Liu, K.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Gary, S. Peter] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
RP Fu, XR (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM xrfu@lanl.gov
RI Fu, Xiangrong/C-7895-2016
OI Fu, Xiangrong/0000-0002-4305-6624
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Los Alamos National Laboratory by the Defense
Threat Reduction Agency [IAA10-027-1299, DTRA10027-6760]; Auburn
University under NASA [NNX13AD62G]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy. It was primarily supported at Los Alamos National Laboratory by
the Defense Threat Reduction Agency under Contract Nos. IAA10-027-1299
and DTRA10027-6760 and at Auburn University under NASA Grant No.
NNX13AD62G.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 042108
DI 10.1063/1.4870632
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900012
ER
PT J
AU Gamboa, EJ
Drake, RP
Falk, K
Keiter, PA
Montgomery, DS
Benage, JF
Trantham, MR
AF Gamboa, E. J.
Drake, R. P.
Falk, K.
Keiter, P. A.
Montgomery, D. S.
Benage, J. F.
Trantham, M. R.
TI Simultaneous measurements of several state variables in shocked carbon
by imaging x-ray scattering
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERNOVA HYDRODYNAMICS; LASER; SIMULATION; ELECTRONS; PLASMAS; OMEGA;
CODE
AB We apply the novel experimental technique of imaging x-ray Thomson scattering to measure the spatial profiles of the temperature, ionization state, relative material density, and the shock speed in a high-energy density system. A blast wave driven in a low-density foam is probed with 908 scattering of 7.8 keV helium-like nickel x-rays, which are spectrally dispersed and resolved in one spatial dimension by a doubly curved crystal. The inferred properties of the shock are shown to be self-consistent with 1D analytical estimates. These high-resolution measurements enable a direct comparison of the observed temperature with the results from hydrodynamic simulations. We find good agreement with the simulations for the temperature at the shock front but discrepancies in the modeling of the spatial temperature profile and shock speed. These results indicate the challenges in modeling the shock dynamics of structured materials like foams, commonly used in many high-energy density and laboratory astrophysics experiments. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Gamboa, E. J.; Drake, R. P.; Keiter, P. A.; Trantham, M. R.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Falk, K.; Montgomery, D. S.; Benage, J. F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Gamboa, EJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM eliseo@umich.edu
RI Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012; Falk, Katerina/D-2369-2017
OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844; Falk, Katerina/0000-0001-5975-776X
FU Predictive Sciences Academic Alliances Program in NNSA-ASC
[DEFC52-08NA28616]; NNSA-DS and SC-OFES Joint Program in
High-Energy-Density Laboratory Plasmas [DE-NA0001840]; National Laser
User Facility Program [DE-NA0000850]
FX The authors acknowledge the contributions of J. A. Delettrez, T. S.
Sedillo, S. C. Evans, R. S. Gillespie, S. R. Klein, and the staff at the
Omega Laser Facility. This work was funded by the Predictive Sciences
Academic Alliances Program in NNSA-ASC via Grant No. DEFC52-08NA28616,
by the NNSA-DS and SC-OFES Joint Program in High-Energy-Density
Laboratory Plasmas, Grant No. DE-NA0001840, and by the National Laser
User Facility Program, Grant No. DE-NA0000850.
NR 45
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U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 042701
DI 10.1063/1.4869241
PG 6
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900041
ER
PT J
AU Ghantous, K
Gorelenkov, NN
Berk, HL
Heidbrink, WW
Van Zeeland, MA
AF Ghantous, K.
Gorelenkov, N. N.
Berk, H. L.
Heidbrink, W. W.
Van Zeeland, M. A.
TI 1.5D quasilinear model and its application on beams interacting with
Alfven eigenmodes in DIII-D (vol 19, 092511, 2012)
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Ghantous, K.; Gorelenkov, N. N.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Berk, H. L.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Fus Studies, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Heidbrink, W. W.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Van Zeeland, M. A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
RP Ghantous, K (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 049901
DI 10.1063/1.4870636
PG 1
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900091
ER
PT J
AU Intrator, TP
Dorf, L
Sun, X
Feng, Y
Sears, J
Weber, T
AF Intrator, T. P.
Dorf, L.
Sun, X.
Feng, Y.
Sears, J.
Weber, T.
TI Laboratory observation of magnetic field growth driven by shear flow
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID RECONNECTION; INSTABILITY; DEVICE
AB Two magnetic flux ropes that collide and bounce have been characterized in the laboratory. We find screw pinch profiles that include ion flow vi, magnetic field B, current density J, and plasma pressure. The electron flow ve can be inferred, allowing the evaluation of the Hall J x B term in a two fluid magnetohydrodynamic Ohm's Law. Flux ropes that are initially cylindrical are mutually attracted and compress each other, which distorts the cylindrical symmetry. Magnetic field is created via the del x v(e) x B induction term in Ohm's Law where in-plane (perpendicular) shear of parallel flow (along the flux rope) is the dominant feature, along with some dissipation and magnetic reconnection. We predict and measure the growth of a quadrupole out-of-plane magnetic field delta B-z. This is a simple and coherent example of a shear flow driven dynamo. There is some similarity with two dimensional reconnection scenarios, which induce a current sheet and thus out-of-plane flow in the third dimension, despite the customary picture that considers flows only in the reconnection plane. These data illustrate a general and deterministic mechanism for large scale sheared flows to acquire smaller scale magnetic features, disordered structure, and possibly turbulence. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Intrator, T. P.; Feng, Y.; Sears, J.; Weber, T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Dorf, L.] Appl Mat Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA.
[Sun, X.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
RP Intrator, TP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MS E526, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM intrator@lanl.gov
RI Feng, Yan/H-3531-2011
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy
[W-7405-ENG-36]; NASA Geospace [NNHIOA044I]; Los Alamos Laboratory
Directed Research and Development Program; Center for Magnetic Self
Organization - National Science Foundation; Dept Energy, Office of
Fusion Energy Sciences; Basic
FX Supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy
Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36; NASA Geospace NNHIOA044I, Basic; Los Alamos
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; Center for
Magnetic Self Organization funded by National Science Foundation and
Dept Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences.
NR 43
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U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 042109
DI 10.1063/1.4869335
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900013
ER
PT J
AU Krasheninnikova, NS
Cobble, JA
Murphy, TJ
Tregillis, IL
Bradley, PA
Hakel, P
Hsu, SC
Kyrala, GA
Obrey, KA
Schmitt, MJ
Baumgaertel, JA
Batha, SH
AF Krasheninnikova, Natalia S.
Cobble, James A.
Murphy, Thomas J.
Tregillis, Ian L.
Bradley, Paul A.
Hakel, Peter
Hsu, Scott C.
Kyrala, George A.
Obrey, Kimberly A.
Schmitt, Mark J.
Baumgaertel, Jessica A.
Batha, Steven H.
TI Designing symmetric polar direct drive implosions on the Omega laser
facility
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION; NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY
AB Achieving symmetric capsule implosions with Polar Direct Drive [S. Skupsky et al., Phys. Plasmas 11, 2763 (2004); R. S. Craxton et al., Phys. Plasmas 12, 056304 (2005); F. J. Marshall et al., J. Phys. IV France 133, 153-157 (2006)] has been explored during recent Defect Induced Mix Experiment campaign on the Omega facility at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics. To minimize the implosion asymmetry due to laser drive, optimized laser cone powers, as well as improved beam pointings, were designed using 3D radiation-hydrodynamics code HYDRA [M. M. Marinak et al., Phys. Plasmas 3, 2070 (1996)]. Experimental back-lit radiographic and self-emission images revealed improved polar symmetry and increased neutron yield which were in good agreement with 2D HYDRA simulations. In particular, by reducing the energy in Omega's 21.4 degrees polar rings by 16.75%, while increasing the energy in the 58.9 degrees equatorial rings by 8.25% in such a way as to keep the overall energy to the target at 16 kJ, the second Legendre mode (P-2) was reduced by a factor of 2, to less than 4% at bang time. At the same time the neutron yield increased by 62%. The polar symmetry was also improved relative to nominal DIME settings by a more radical repointing of OMEGA's 42.0 degrees and 58.9 degrees degree beams, to compensate for oblique incidence and reduced absorption at the equator, resulting in virtually no P2 around bang time and 33% more yield. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Krasheninnikova, Natalia S.; Cobble, James A.; Murphy, Thomas J.; Tregillis, Ian L.; Bradley, Paul A.; Hakel, Peter; Hsu, Scott C.; Kyrala, George A.; Obrey, Kimberly A.; Schmitt, Mark J.; Baumgaertel, Jessica A.; Batha, Steven H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Krasheninnikova, NS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Murphy, Thomas/F-3101-2014;
OI Murphy, Thomas/0000-0002-6137-9873; Hsu, Scott/0000-0002-6737-4934;
Hakel, Peter/0000-0002-7936-4231; Schmitt, Mark/0000-0002-0197-9180;
Bradley, Paul/0000-0001-6229-6677
FU US DOE/NNSA [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This research was supported by US DOE/NNSA, performed at LANL, operated
by LANS LLC under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. The authors acknowledge
very productive discussion with Steve Craxton and Patrick McKenty of LLE
on laser pointing symmetry. The authors are extremely grateful to Marty
Marinak and the rest of the HYDRA team for making their code available
to us to perform this work. We also would like to express our gratitude
to Larry Suter and Ines Heinz for facilitating computational access to
HYDRA.
NR 24
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U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 042703
DI 10.1063/1.4870756
PG 6
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900043
ER
PT J
AU Kritcher, AL
Town, R
Bradley, D
Clark, D
Spears, B
Jones, O
Haan, S
Springer, PT
Lindl, J
Scott, RHH
Callahan, D
Edwards, MJ
Landen, OL
AF Kritcher, A. L.
Town, R.
Bradley, D.
Clark, D.
Spears, B.
Jones, O.
Haan, S.
Springer, P. T.
Lindl, J.
Scott, R. H. H.
Callahan, D.
Edwards, M. J.
Landen, O. L.
TI Metrics for long wavelength asymmetries in inertial confinement fusion
implosions on the National Ignition Facility
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
AB We investigate yield degradation due to applied low mode P2 and P4 asymmetries in layered inertial confinement fusion implosions. This study has been performed with a large database of >600 2D simulations. We show that low mode radiation induced drive asymmetries can result in significant deviation between the core hot spot shape and the fuel rho R shape at peak compression. In addition, we show that significant residual kinetic energy at peak compression can be induced by these low mode asymmetries. We have developed a metric, which is a function of the hot spot shape, fuel rho R shape, and residual kinetic energy at peak compression, that is well correlated to yield degradation due to low mode shape perturbations. It is shown that the rho R shape and residual kinetic energy cannot, in general, be recovered by inducing counter asymmetries to make the hot core emission symmetric. In addition, we show that the yield degradation due to low mode asymmetries is well correlated to measurements of time dependent shape throughout the entire implosion, including early time shock symmetry and inflight fuel symmetry. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Kritcher, A. L.; Town, R.; Bradley, D.; Clark, D.; Spears, B.; Jones, O.; Haan, S.; Springer, P. T.; Lindl, J.; Callahan, D.; Edwards, M. J.; Landen, O. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Scott, R. H. H.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
RP Kritcher, AL (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy
by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 23
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PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 042708
DI 10.1063/1.4871718
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900048
ER
PT J
AU Loomis, E
Doss, F
Flippo, K
Fincke, J
AF Loomis, E.
Doss, F.
Flippo, K.
Fincke, J.
TI Measurements of continuous mix evolution in a high energy density shear
flow
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID RAY; GROWTH; REGION; LAYER
AB We report on the novel integration of streaked radiography into a counter-flowing High Energy Density (HED) shear environment that continually measures a growing mix layer of Al separating two low-density CH foams. Measurements of the mix width allow us to validate compressible turbulence models and with streaked imaging, make this possible with a minimal number of experiments on large laser facilities. In this paper, we describe how the HED counter-flowing shear layer is created and diagnosed with streaked radiography. We then compare the streaked data to previous two-dimensional, single frame radiography and radiation hydrodynamic simulations of the experiment with inline compressible turbulent mix models. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Loomis, E.; Doss, F.; Flippo, K.; Fincke, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Loomis, E (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM loomis@lanl.gov
RI Flippo, Kirk/C-6872-2009
OI Flippo, Kirk/0000-0002-4752-5141
FU U.S. Dept of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration (LANL)
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Dept of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration (LANL Science Campaign program
managers Kim Scott and Steve Batha). The authors would like to thank the
Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Los Alamos National Laboratory target
fabrication (MST-7) specifically, Derek Schmidt, Jim Williams, Deanna
Cappelli, Gerald Rivera, Chris Hamilton, and Kim Obrey, General Atomics
for providing target components, and Tom Sedillo of LANL for providing
diagnostic support. We would also like to thank John Kline at LANL for
helpful discussions regarding NIF experimental operations and design.
NR 25
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PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 044508
DI 10.1063/1.4874320
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900090
ER
PT J
AU Spears, BK
Edwards, MJ
Hatchett, S
Kilkenny, J
Knauer, J
Kritcher, A
Lindl, J
Munro, D
Patel, P
Robey, HF
Town, RPJ
AF Spears, Brian K.
Edwards, M. J.
Hatchett, S.
Kilkenny, J.
Knauer, J.
Kritcher, A.
Lindl, J.
Munro, D.
Patel, P.
Robey, H. F.
Town, R. P. J.
TI Mode 1 drive asymmetry in inertial confinement fusion implosions on the
National Ignition Facility
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID TARGETS; SPECTRA; BUBBLE; ENERGY
AB Mode 1 radiation drive asymmetry (pole-to-pole imbalance) at significant levels can have a large impact on inertial confinement fusion implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). This asymmetry distorts the cold confining shell and drives a high-speed jet through the hot spot. The perturbed hot spot shows increased residual kinetic energy and reduced internal energy, and it achieves reduced pressure and neutron yield. The altered implosion physics manifests itself in observable diagnostic signatures, especially the neutron spectrum which can be used to measure the neutron-weighted flow velocity, apparent ion temperature, and neutron downscattering. Numerical simulations of implosions with mode 1 asymmetry show that the resultant simulated diagnostic signatures are moved toward the values observed in many NIF experiments. The diagnostic output can also be used to build a set of integrated implosion performance metrics. The metrics indicate that P-1 has a significant impact on implosion performance and must be carefully controlled in NIF implosions. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Spears, Brian K.; Edwards, M. J.; Hatchett, S.; Kritcher, A.; Lindl, J.; Munro, D.; Patel, P.; Robey, H. F.; Town, R. P. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Kilkenny, J.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[Knauer, J.] Laser Energet Lab, New York, NY 14623 USA.
RP Spears, BK (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, POB 808, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM spears9@llnl.gov
RI Patel, Pravesh/E-1400-2011
FU LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-647816]
FX This work was prepared by LLNL under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344;
LLNL-JRNL-647816.
NR 34
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U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 042702
DI 10.1063/1.4870390
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900042
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZR
Park, JK
Liu, YQ
Logan, N
Kim, K
Menard, JE
AF Wang, Zhirui
Park, Jong-Kyu
Liu, Yueqiang
Logan, Nikolas
Kim, Kimin
Menard, Jonathan E.
TI Theory comparison and numerical benchmarking on neoclassical toroidal
viscosity torque
SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
LA English
DT Article
ID MODES
AB Systematic comparison and numerical benchmarking have been successfully carried out among three different approaches of neoclassical toroidal viscosity (NTV) theory and the corresponding codes: IPEC-PENT is developed based on the combined NTV theory but without geometric simplifications [Park et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 065002 (2009)]; MARS-Q includes smoothly connected NTV formula [Shaing et al., Nucl. Fusion 50, 025022 (2010)] based on Shaing's analytic formulation in various collisionality regimes; MARS-K, originally computing the drift kinetic energy, is upgraded to compute the NTV torque based on the equivalence between drift kinetic energy and NTV torque [J.-K. Park, Phys. Plasma 18, 110702 (2011)]. The derivation and numerical results both indicate that the imaginary part of drift kinetic energy computed by MARS-K is equivalent to the NTV torque in IPEC-PENT. In the benchmark of precession resonance between MARS-Q and MARS-K/IPEC-PENT, the agreement and correlation between the connected NTV formula and the combined NTV theory in different collisionality regimes are shown for the first time. Additionally, both IPEC-PENT and MARS-K indicate the importance of the bounce harmonic resonance which can greatly enhance the NTV torque when E x B drift frequency reaches the bounce resonance condition. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Wang, Zhirui; Park, Jong-Kyu; Logan, Nikolas; Kim, Kimin; Menard, Jonathan E.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Liu, Yueqiang] Culham Sci Ctr, Euratom CCFE Assoc, Abingdon OX14 3DB, Oxon, England.
RP Wang, ZR (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286
FU DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466]; RCUK Energy Programme [EP/I501045]; European
Communities
FX Z. R. Wang thanks Dr. Shichong Guo and Dr. John W. Berkery for very
useful discussions and many helpful suggestions improving the
manuscript. Y. Q. Liu would like to thank Dr. Ker-Chung Shaing and Dr.
Youwen Sun for very helpful discussion on the connected NTV formula. The
work was supported by DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-09CH11466(PPPL). This
work was also part-funded by the RCUK Energy Programme under Grant No.
EP/I501045 and the European Communities under the contract of
Association between EURATOM and CCFE. The views and opinions expressed
herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission.
NR 35
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U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1070-664X
EI 1089-7674
J9 PHYS PLASMAS
JI Phys. Plasmas
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
AR 042502
DI 10.1063/1.4869251
PG 10
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AH5FM
UT WOS:000336153900034
ER
PT J
AU Sun, Y
Gu, LH
Dickinson, RE
Pallardy, SG
Baker, J
Cao, YH
DaMatta, FM
Dong, XJ
Ellsworth, D
Van Goethem, D
Jensen, AM
Law, BE
Loos, R
Martins, SCV
Norby, RJ
Warren, J
Weston, D
Winter, K
AF Sun, Ying
Gu, Lianhong
Dickinson, Robert E.
Pallardy, Stephen G.
Baker, John
Cao, Yonghui
DaMatta, Fabio Murilo
Dong, Xuejun
Ellsworth, David
Van Goethem, Davina
Jensen, Anna M.
Law, Beverly E.
Loos, Rodolfo
Vitor Martins, Samuel C.
Norby, Richard J.
Warren, Jeffrey
Weston, David
Winter, Klaus
TI Asymmetrical effects of mesophyll conductance on fundamental
photosynthetic parameters and their relationships estimated from leaf
gas exchange measurements
SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE parameter estimation; carbon cycle model; leaf photosynthesis; A/Ci
curves; LeafWeb
ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; CO2 TRANSFER CONDUCTANCE; DIOXIDE
RESPONSE CURVES; INTERNAL CONDUCTANCE; DIFFUSION CONDUCTANCE; RUBP
CARBOXYLATION; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; FAGUS-SYLVATICA; SEASONAL-CHANGE; SHADE
LEAVES
AB Worldwide measurements of nearly 130 C-3 species covering all major plant functional types are analysed in conjunction with model simulations to determine the effects of mesophyll conductance (g(m)) on photosynthetic parameters and their relationships estimated from A/C-i curves. We find that an assumption of infinite g(m) results in up to 75% underestimation for maximum carboxylation rate V-cmax, 60% for maximum electron transport rate J(max), and 40% for triose phosphate utilization rate T-u. V-cmax is most sensitive, J(max) is less sensitive, and T-u has the least sensitivity to the variation of g(m). Because of this asymmetrical effect of g(m), the ratios of J(max) to V-cmax, T-u to V-cmax and T-u to J(max) are all overestimated. An infinite g(m) assumption also limits the freedom of variation of estimated parameters and artificially constrains parameter relationships to stronger shapes. These findings suggest the importance of quantifying g(m) for understanding in situ photosynthetic machinery functioning. We show that a nonzero resistance to CO2 movement in chloroplasts has small effects on estimated parameters. A non-linear function with g(m) as input is developed to convert the parameters estimated under an assumption of infinite g(m) to proper values. This function will facilitate g(m) representation in global carbon cycle models.
C1 [Sun, Ying; Dickinson, Robert E.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Gu, Lianhong; Jensen, Anna M.; Norby, Richard J.; Warren, Jeffrey] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Pallardy, Stephen G.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Baker, John] Univ Minnesota, USDA Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Baker, John] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Cao, Yonghui] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Subtrop Forestry, Fuyang, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[DaMatta, Fabio Murilo; Vitor Martins, Samuel C.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Vegetal, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil.
[Dong, Xuejun] N Dakota State Univ, Cent Grasslands Res Extens Ctr, Streeter, ND 58483 USA.
[Ellsworth, David] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
[Van Goethem, Davina] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biosci Engn, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
[Law, Beverly E.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Loos, Rodolfo] Fibria Celulose SA, Technol Ctr, BR-29197900 Aracruz, Brazil.
[Weston, David] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Winter, Klaus] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RP Gu, LH (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM lianhong-gu@ornl.gov
RI Warren, Jeffrey/B-9375-2012; Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012; Sun,
Ying/G-6611-2016; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014; Law, Beverly/G-3882-2010;
OI Warren, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697; Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828;
Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203;
Ellsworth, David/0000-0002-9699-2272; DaMatta, Fabio/0000-0002-9637-8475
FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-01ER63198]; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program,
Climate and Environmental Sciences Division; ORNL's LDRD programme;
UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725];
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-03ER63683]
FX We thank Dr. Tom Sharkey and two anonymous reviewers for providing
insightful suggestions that led to substantial improvements of the
paper. This study was carried out at multiple institutions. The support
for research at UT - Austin came from the Department of Energy
(DE-FG02-01ER63198). The support for research at ORNL came from the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental
Research Program, Climate and Environmental Sciences Division. The
ORNL's LDRD programme also partially supported the research. ORNL is
managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under
contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. U.S. Department of Energy support for the
University of Missouri (Grant DE-FG02-03ER63683) is gratefully
acknowledged.
NR 59
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U1 5
U2 63
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0140-7791
EI 1365-3040
J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON
JI Plant Cell Environ.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 37
IS 4
BP 978
EP 994
DI 10.1111/pce.12213
PG 17
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AB9BV
UT WOS:000332085000014
PM 24117476
ER
PT J
AU Blume, G
Scott, T
Pirog, M
AF Blume, Grant
Scott, Tyler
Pirog, Maureen
TI Empirical Innovations in Policy Analysis
SO POLICY STUDIES JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE policy analysis; random assignment; administrative data; GIS; Big Data
ID RANDOM ASSIGNMENT; TRENDS; IMPACT; ALTERNATIVES; PERFORMANCE; PROGRAM
AB In this article we survey the field of policy analysis from two perspectives. First, we discuss recent arguments made for and against the use of random assignment in social experimentation and policy analysis. Second, we argue that data, not methods, are driving policy analysis innovation. We review the benefits and drawbacks of three types of dataadministrative data, spatial data, and Big Dataand discuss the role, or potential role, each plays in extant policy analysis. We end with a comment on what we believe are the future directions and areas of growth for the field of policy analysis in coming years.
C1 [Blume, Grant; Scott, Tyler; Pirog, Maureen] Univ Washington, Evans Sch Publ Affairs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Blume, Grant] US DOE, Inst Sci Educ, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Pirog, Maureen] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
RP Blume, G (reprint author), Univ Washington, Evans Sch Publ Affairs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
NR 62
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 26
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0190-292X
EI 1541-0072
J9 POLICY STUD J
JI Policy Stud. J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 42
SU 1
SI SI
BP S33
EP S50
DI 10.1111/psj.12050
PG 18
WC Political Science; Public Administration
SC Government & Law; Public Administration
GA AH6TK
UT WOS:000336263400003
ER
PT J
AU Iwashita, T
Miyabayashi, K
Bhardwaj, V
Adachi, I
Aihara, H
Asner, DM
Aushev, T
Bakich, AM
Bala, A
Bhuyan, B
Bonvicini, G
Bozek, A
Bracko, M
Browder, TE
Chang, MC
Chen, A
Cheon, BG
Chilikin, K
Chistov, R
Cho, K
Chobanova, V
Choi, SK
Choi, Y
Cinabro, D
Dalseno, J
Danilov, M
Dolezal, Z
Drasal, Z
Dutta, D
Eidelman, S
Esen, S
Farhat, H
Fast, JE
Feindt, M
Ferber, T
Frey, A
Gaur, V
Gabyshev, N
Ganguly, S
Gillard, R
Goh, YM
Golob, B
Haba, J
Hara, T
Hayasaka, K
Hayashii, H
Higuchi, T
Horii, Y
Hoshi, Y
Hou, WS
Hyun, HJ
Iijima, T
Ishikawa, A
Itoh, R
Iwasaki, Y
Jaegle, I
Julius, T
Kah, DH
Kang, JH
Kato, E
Kawasaki, T
Kichimi, H
Kiesling, C
Kim, DY
Kim, HJ
Kim, HO
Kim, JB
Kim, JH
Kim, MJ
Kim, YJ
Kinoshita, K
Klucar, J
Ko, BR
Kodys, P
Korpar, S
Krizan, P
Krokovny, P
Kuhr, T
Kumita, T
Kuzmin, A
Kwon, YJ
Lange, JS
Lee, SH
Li, Y
Libby, J
Liu, C
Liu, Y
Lukin, P
Matvienko, D
Miyata, H
Mizuk, R
Moll, A
Mori, T
Nagasaka, Y
Nakano, E
Nakao, M
Nakazawa, H
Natkaniec, Z
Nayak, M
Ng, C
Nisar, NK
Nishida, S
Nitoh, O
Ogawa, S
Okuno, S
Pakhlova, G
Panzenbock, E
Park, H
Park, HK
Pedlar, TK
Pestotnik, R
Petric, M
Piilonen, LE
Ritter, M
Rohrken, M
Rostomyan, A
Ryu, S
Sahoo, H
Saito, T
Sakai, K
Sakai, Y
Sandilya, S
Santel, D
Santelj, L
Sanuki, T
Savinov, V
Schneider, O
Schnell, G
Schwanda, C
Semmler, D
Senyo, K
Seon, O
Sevior, ME
Shapkin, M
Shen, CP
Shibata, TA
Shiu, JG
Shwartz, B
Sibidanov, A
Simon, F
Sohn, YS
Sokolov, A
Solovieva, E
Stanic, S
Staric, M
Steder, M
Sumiyoshi, T
Tamponi, U
Tanida, K
Tatishvili, G
Teramoto, Y
Trabelsi, K
Tsuboyama, T
Uchida, M
Uehara, S
Unno, Y
Uno, S
Urquijo, P
Vanhoefer, P
Varner, G
Varvell, KE
Vorobyev, V
Vossen, A
Wagner, MN
Wang, CH
Wang, MZ
Wang, P
Wang, XL
Watanabe, M
Watanabe, Y
Williams, KM
Won, E
Yabsley, BD
Yamashita, Y
Yashchenko, S
Yook, Y
Yuan, CZ
Zhang, ZP
Zhilich, V
Zupanc, A
AF Iwashita, T.
Miyabayashi, K.
Bhardwaj, V.
Adachi, I.
Aihara, H.
Asner, D. M.
Aushev, T.
Bakich, A. M.
Bala, A.
Bhuyan, B.
Bonvicini, G.
Bozek, A.
Bracko, M.
Browder, T. E.
Chang, M. -C.
Chen, A.
Cheon, B. G.
Chilikin, K.
Chistov, R.
Cho, K.
Chobanova, V.
Choi, S. -K.
Choi, Y.
Cinabro, D.
Dalseno, J.
Danilov, M.
Dolezal, Z.
Drasal, Z.
Dutta, D.
Eidelman, S.
Esen, S.
Farhat, H.
Fast, J. E.
Feindt, M.
Ferber, T.
Frey, A.
Gaur, V.
Gabyshev, N.
Ganguly, S.
Gillard, R.
Goh, Y. M.
Golob, B.
Haba, J.
Hara, T.
Hayasaka, K.
Hayashii, H.
Higuchi, T.
Horii, Y.
Hoshi, Y.
Hou, W. -S.
Hyun, H. J.
Iijima, T.
Ishikawa, A.
Itoh, R.
Iwasaki, Y.
Jaegle, I.
Julius, T.
Kah, D. H.
Kang, J. H.
Kato, E.
Kawasaki, T.
Kichimi, H.
Kiesling, C.
Kim, D. Y.
Kim, H. J.
Kim, H. O.
Kim, J. B.
Kim, J. H.
Kim, M. J.
Kim, Y. J.
Kinoshita, K.
Klucar, J.
Ko, B. R.
Kodys, P.
Korpar, S.
Krizan, P.
Krokovny, P.
Kuhr, T.
Kumita, T.
Kuzmin, A.
Kwon, Y. -J.
Lange, J. S.
Lee, S. -H.
Li, Y.
Libby, J.
Liu, C.
Liu, Y.
Lukin, P.
Matvienko, D.
Miyata, H.
Mizuk, R.
Moll, A.
Mori, T.
Nagasaka, Y.
Nakano, E.
Nakao, M.
Nakazawa, H.
Natkaniec, Z.
Nayak, M.
Ng, C.
Nisar, N. K.
Nishida, S.
Nitoh, O.
Ogawa, S.
Okuno, S.
Pakhlova, G.
Panzenboeck, E.
Park, H.
Park, H. K.
Pedlar, T. K.
Pestotnik, R.
Petric, M.
Piilonen, L. E.
Ritter, M.
Roehrken, M.
Rostomyan, A.
Ryu, S.
Sahoo, H.
Saito, T.
Sakai, K.
Sakai, Y.
Sandilya, S.
Santel, D.
Santelj, L.
Sanuki, T.
Savinov, V.
Schneider, O.
Schnell, G.
Schwanda, C.
Semmler, D.
Senyo, K.
Seon, O.
Sevior, M. E.
Shapkin, M.
Shen, C. P.
Shibata, T. -A.
Shiu, J. -G.
Shwartz, B.
Sibidanov, A.
Simon, F.
Sohn, Y. -S.
Sokolov, A.
Solovieva, E.
Stanic, S.
Staric, M.
Steder, M.
Sumiyoshi, T.
Tamponi, U.
Tanida, K.
Tatishvili, G.
Teramoto, Y.
Trabelsi, K.
Tsuboyama, T.
Uchida, M.
Uehara, S.
Unno, Y.
Uno, S.
Urquijo, P.
Vanhoefer, P.
Varner, G.
Varvell, K. E.
Vorobyev, V.
Vossen, A.
Wagner, M. N.
Wang, C. H.
Wang, M. -Z.
Wang, P.
Wang, X. L.
Watanabe, M.
Watanabe, Y.
Williams, K. M.
Won, E.
Yabsley, B. D.
Yamashita, Y.
Yashchenko, S.
Yook, Y.
Yuan, C. Z.
Zhang, Z. P.
Zhilich, V.
Zupanc, A.
CA Belle Collaboration
TI Measurement of branching fractions for B -> J/psi eta K decays and
search for a narrow resonance in the J/psi eta final state
SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID X(3872); CHARMONIUM; MECHANISM; DETECTOR; MESONS; KEKB
AB We report an observation of the B-+/- -> J/psi eta K-+/- and B-0 -> J/psi eta K-S(0) decays using 772 x 10(6)B (B) over bar pairs collected at the gamma (4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. We obtain the branching fractions B(B-+/- -> J/psi eta K-+/-) = (1.27 +/- 0.11 (stat.) +/- 0.11 ( syst.)) x 10(- 4) and B(B-0 -> J/psi eta K-S(0)) = ( 5.22 +/- 0.78 (stat.) +/- 0.49 (syst.)) x 10(-5). We search for a new narrow charmonium(- like) state X in the J/psi eta mass spectrum and find no significant excess. We set upper limits on the product of branching fractions, B(B-+/- -> XK +/-) B(X -> J/psi eta), at 3872 MeV c(-2) where a C-odd partner of X(3872) may exist, psi(4040) and psi(4160) assuming their known mass and width, and over a range from 3.8 to 4.8 GeV c(-2). The obtained upper limits at 90% confidence level for XC-odd(3872), psi(4040), and psi(4160) are 3.8 x 10(-6), 15.5 x 10(-6), and 7.4 x 10(-6), respectively.
C1 [Iwashita, T.; Miyabayashi, K.; Bhardwaj, V.; Hayashii, H.; Panzenboeck, E.] Nara Womens Univ, Nara 6308506, Japan.
[Adachi, I.; Haba, J.; Hara, T.; Itoh, R.; Iwasaki, Y.; Kichimi, H.; Nakao, M.; Nishida, S.; Sakai, K.; Sakai, Y.; Trabelsi, K.; Tsuboyama, T.; Uehara, S.; Uno, S.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
[Aihara, H.; Ng, C.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Asner, D. M.; Fast, J. E.; Tatishvili, G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Aushev, T.; Chilikin, K.; Chistov, R.; Danilov, M.; Mizuk, R.; Pakhlova, G.; Solovieva, E.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia.
[Bakich, A. M.; Sibidanov, A.; Varvell, K. E.; Yabsley, B. D.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Bala, A.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India.
[Bhuyan, B.; Dutta, D.] Indian Inst Technol Guwahati, Gauhati 781039, Assam, India.
[Bonvicini, G.; Cinabro, D.; Farhat, H.; Ganguly, S.; Gillard, R.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
[Bozek, A.; Natkaniec, Z.] H Niewodniczanski Inst Nucl Phys, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.
[Bracko, M.; Korpar, S.] Univ Maribor, SLO-2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
[Bracko, M.; Golob, B.; Klucar, J.; Korpar, S.; Krizan, P.; Pestotnik, R.; Petric, M.; Santelj, L.; Staric, M.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
[Browder, T. E.; Jaegle, I.; Sahoo, H.; Varner, G.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Chang, M. -C.] Fu Jen Catholic Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 24205, Taiwan.
[Chen, A.; Nakazawa, H.] Natl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
[Cheon, B. G.; Goh, Y. M.; Unno, Y.] Hanyang Univ, Seoul 133791, South Korea.
[Cho, K.; Kim, J. H.; Kim, Y. J.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305806, South Korea.
[Chobanova, V.; Dalseno, J.; Kiesling, C.; Moll, A.; Ritter, M.; Simon, F.; Vanhoefer, P.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany.
[Choi, S. -K.] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Chinju 660701, South Korea.
[Choi, Y.; Dalseno, J.; Moll, A.; Simon, F.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
[Danilov, M.; Mizuk, R.] Moscow Engn Phys Inst, Moscow 115409, Russia.
[Dolezal, Z.; Drasal, Z.; Kodys, P.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, CR-12116 Prague, Czech Republic.
[Eidelman, S.; Gabyshev, N.; Krokovny, P.; Kuzmin, A.; Lukin, P.; Matvienko, D.; Shwartz, B.; Vorobyev, V.; Zhilich, V.] Budker Inst Nucl Phys SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Eidelman, S.; Gabyshev, N.; Krokovny, P.; Kuzmin, A.; Lukin, P.; Matvienko, D.; Shwartz, B.; Vorobyev, V.; Zhilich, V.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Esen, S.; Kinoshita, K.; Liu, Y.; Santel, D.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Feindt, M.; Kuhr, T.; Roehrken, M.; Zupanc, A.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Ferber, T.; Rostomyan, A.; Steder, M.; Yashchenko, S.] DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
[Frey, A.; Panzenboeck, E.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany.
[Gaur, V.; Nisar, N. K.; Sandilya, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India.
[Golob, B.; Krizan, P.] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
[Hayasaka, K.; Horii, Y.; Iijima, T.] Nagoya Univ, Kobayashi Maskawa Inst, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan.
[Higuchi, T.] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan.
[Hoshi, Y.] Tohoku Gakuin Univ, Tagajo, Miyagi 9858537, Japan.
[Hou, W. -S.; Shiu, J. -G.; Wang, M. -Z.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Hyun, H. J.; Kah, D. H.; Kim, H. J.; Kim, H. O.; Kim, M. J.; Park, H.; Park, H. K.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Taegu 702701, South Korea.
[Iijima, T.; Mori, T.; Seon, O.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan.
[Ishikawa, A.; Kato, E.; Saito, T.; Sanuki, T.] Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
[Julius, T.; Sevior, M. E.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Kang, J. H.; Kwon, Y. -J.; Sohn, Y. -S.; Yook, Y.] Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Kawasaki, T.; Miyata, H.; Watanabe, M.] Niigata Univ, Niigata 9502181, Japan.
[Kim, D. Y.] Soongsil Univ, Seoul 156743, South Korea.
[Kim, J. B.; Ko, B. R.; Lee, S. -H.; Won, E.] Korea Univ, Seoul 136713, South Korea.
[Kumita, T.; Sumiyoshi, T.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Tokyo 1920397, Japan.
[Lange, J. S.; Semmler, D.; Wagner, M. N.] Univ Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
[Li, Y.; Piilonen, L. E.; Wang, X. L.; Williams, K. M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, CNP, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Libby, J.; Nayak, M.] Indian Inst Technol Madras, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
[Liu, C.; Zhang, Z. P.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
[Nagasaka, Y.] Hiroshima Inst Technol, Hiroshima 7315193, Japan.
[Nakano, E.; Teramoto, Y.] Osaka City Univ, Osaka 5588585, Japan.
[Nitoh, O.] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Koganei, Tokyo 1848588, Japan.
[Ogawa, S.] Toho Univ, Funabashi, Chiba 2748510, Japan.
[Okuno, S.; Watanabe, Y.] Kanagawa Univ, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2218686, Japan.
[Pedlar, T. K.] Luther Coll, Decorah, IA 52101 USA.
[Ryu, S.; Tanida, K.] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
[Savinov, V.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Schneider, O.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Schnell, G.] Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Bilbao 48080, Spain.
[Schnell, G.] Ikerbasque, Bilbao 48011, Spain.
[Schwanda, C.] Inst High Energy Phys, A-1050 Vienna, Austria.
[Senyo, K.] Yamagata Univ, Yamagata 9908560, Japan.
[Shapkin, M.; Sokolov, A.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino 142281, Russia.
[Shen, C. P.] Beihang Univ, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
[Shibata, T. -A.; Uchida, M.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo 1528550, Japan.
[Stanic, S.] Univ Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica 5000, Slovenia.
[Tamponi, U.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
[Tamponi, U.] Univ Turin, I-10124 Turin, Italy.
[Urquijo, P.] Univ Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
[Vossen, A.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
[Wang, C. H.] Natl United Univ, Miaoli 36003, Taiwan.
[Wang, P.; Yuan, C. Z.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
[Yamashita, Y.] Nippon Dent Univ, Niigata 9518580, Japan.
RP Iwashita, T (reprint author), Nara Womens Univ, Nara 6308506, Japan.
EM iwashita@hepl.phys.nara-wu.ac.jp
RI Ishikawa, Akimasa/G-6916-2012; Solovieva, Elena/B-2449-2014; Aihara,
Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Danilov, Mikhail/C-5380-2014; Mizuk,
Roman/B-3751-2014; Krokovny, Pavel/G-4421-2016; Chilikin,
Kirill/B-4402-2014; EPFL, Physics/O-6514-2016; Chistov,
Ruslan/B-4893-2014; Pakhlova, Galina/C-5378-2014
OI Solovieva, Elena/0000-0002-5735-4059; Aihara,
Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; Danilov, Mikhail/0000-0001-9227-5164;
Krokovny, Pavel/0000-0002-1236-4667; Chilikin,
Kirill/0000-0001-7620-2053; Chistov, Ruslan/0000-0003-1439-8390;
Pakhlova, Galina/0000-0001-7518-3022
FU MEXT (Japan); JSPS (Japan); Nagoya's TLPRC (Japan); ARC (Australia);
DIISR (Australia); FWF (Austria); NSFC (China); MSMT (Czechia); CZF
(Germany); DFG (Germany); VS (Germany); DST (India); INFN (Italy); MEST
(Korea); NRF (Korea); GSDC of KISTI (Korea); WCU (Korea); MNiSW
(Poland); NCN (Poland); MES (Russia); RFAAE (Russia); ARRS (Slovenia);
IKERBASQUE (Spain); UPV/EHU (Spain); SNSF (Switzerland); NSC (Taiwan);
MOE (Taiwan); DOE (USA); NSF (USA); MEXT for Scientific Research on
Innovative Areas
FX We thank the KEKB group for excellent operation of the accelerator; the
KEK cryogenics group for efficient solenoid operations; and the KEK
computer group, the NII, and PNNL/EMSL for valuable computing and SINET4
network support. We acknowledge support from MEXT, JSPS, and Nagoya's
TLPRC (Japan); ARC and DIISR (Australia); FWF (Austria); NSFC (China);
MSMT (Czechia); CZF, DFG, and VS (Germany); DST (India); INFN (Italy);
MEST, NRF, GSDC of KISTI, and WCU (Korea); MNiSW and NCN (Poland); MES
and RFAAE (Russia); ARRS (Slovenia); IKERBASQUE and UPV/EHU (Spain);
SNSF (Switzerland); NSC and MOE (Taiwan); and DOE and NSF (USA). This
work is partly supported by Grant-in-Aid from MEXT for Scientific
Research on Innovative Areas ("Elucidation of New Hadrons with a Variety
of Flavors").
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 36
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 2050-3911
J9 PROG THEOR EXP PHYS
JI Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys.
PD APR
PY 2014
IS 4
AR 043C01
DI 10.1093/ptep/ptu043
PG 11
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AH5CQ
UT WOS:000336146500014
ER
PT J
AU Mukundan, V
Yin, J
Joseph, P
Luo, J
Shan, SY
Zakharov, DN
Zhong, CJ
Malis, O
AF Mukundan, Vineetha
Yin, Jun
Joseph, Pharrah
Luo, Jin
Shan, Shiyao
Zakharov, Dmitri N.
Zhong, Chuan-Jian
Malis, Oana
TI Nanoalloying and phase transformations during thermal treatment of
physical mixtures of Pd and Cu nanoparticles
SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE x-ray diffraction; nanocatalysts; alloying; phase transformations
ID OXYGEN REDUCTION ELECTROCATALYSTS; PALLADIUM CATALYSTS; X-RAY; ALLOY;
CLUSTERS; COPPER; REACTIVITY; PARTICLES; OXIDATION; CARBON
AB Nanoscale alloying and phase transformations in physical mixtures of Pd and Cu ultrafine nanoparticles are investigated in real time with in situ synchrotron-based x-ray diffraction complemented by ex situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The combination of metal-support interaction and reactive/non-reactive environment was found to determine the thermal evolution and ultimate structure of this binary system. At 300 degrees C, the nanoparticles supported on silica and carbon black intermix to form a chemically ordered CsCl-type (B2) alloy phase. The B2 phase transforms into a disordered fcc alloy at higher temperature (> 450 degrees C). The alloy nanoparticles supported on silica and carbon black are homogeneous in volume, but evidence was found of Pd surface enrichment. In sharp contrast, when supported on alumina, the two metals segregated at 300 degrees C to produce almost pure fcc Cu and Pd phases. Upon further annealing of the mixture on alumina above 600 degrees C, the two metals interdiffused, forming two distinct disordered alloys of compositions 30% and 90% Pd. The annealing atmosphere also plays a major role in the structural evolution of these bimetallic nanoparticles. The nanoparticles annealed in forming gas are larger than the nanoparticles annealing in helium due to reduction of the surface oxides that promotes coalescence and sintering.
C1 [Mukundan, Vineetha; Malis, Oana] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Yin, Jun; Joseph, Pharrah; Luo, Jin; Shan, Shiyao; Zhong, Chuan-Jian] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Chem, Binghamton, NY USA.
[Zakharov, Dmitri N.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Mukundan, V (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM omalis@purdue.edu
RI Zakharov, Dmitri/F-4493-2014; Zhong, Chuan-Jian/D-3394-2013
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; NSF [CBET 0709113, CMMI 1100736]
FX The synchrotron x-ray experiment was performed on beamline X20C at the
NSLS, BNL. Use of the NSLS BNL and the Center for Functional
Nanomaterials facility at BNL was supported by the US Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. The authors are grateful to Jean
Jordan-Sweet from IBM for help with the x-ray experiment. The work is
supported in part by the NSF (CBET 0709113 and CMMI 1100736).
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 37
PU NATL INST MATERIALS SCIENCE
PI IBARAKI
PA NATL INST MATERIALS SCIENCE, 1-2-1 SENGEN, TSUKUBA-CITY, IBARAKI,
305-0047, JAPAN
SN 1468-6996
J9 SCI TECHNOL ADV MAT
JI Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 2
AR 025002
DI 10.1088/1468-6996/15/2/025002
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA AH6TX
UT WOS:000336264800011
PM 27877663
ER
PT J
AU Flynn, B
Kim, D
Clark, BL
Telecky, A
Arnadottir, L
Szanyi, J
Keszler, DA
Herman, GS
AF Flynn, Brendan
Kim, Daeho
Clark, Benjamin L.
Telecky, Alan
Arnadottir, Liney
Szanyi, Janos
Keszler, Douglas A.
Herman, Gregory S.
TI In-situ characterization of aqueous-based hafnium oxide hydroxide
sulfate thin films
SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE HafSOx; amorphous metal oxide; TPD; XPS; aqueous based
ID TEMPERATURE-PROGRAMMED DESORPTION; RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SOLID
SUPERACID CATALYST; N-BUTANE; SURFACE-STRUCTURE; WATER-ADSORPTION;
THERMAL-ANALYSIS; HFO2 FILMS; ZIRCONIA; XPS
AB The dehydration of hafnium oxide hydroxide sulfate thin films was studied using temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Films were found to desorb water up to 750 K with a maximum desorption rate at similar to 480 K. Carbon dioxide desorption was also observed in TPD measurements, which was related to contamination of precursor solutions and/or films by CO2 from the atmosphere. The O 1s spectra obtained for in-situ annealed samples were fit with three components corresponding to Hf-O, hydroxyl groups, and sulfate groups. Water TPD measurements from the dehydrated surface indicate the presence of two desorption states corresponding to molecularly and dissociatively adsorbed water. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Flynn, Brendan; Arnadottir, Liney; Herman, Gregory S.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Chem Biol & Environm Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Kim, Daeho; Szanyi, Janos] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Chem & Mat Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Clark, Benjamin L.] Inpria Corp, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Telecky, Alan; Keszler, Douglas A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Herman, GS (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Sch Chem Biol & Environm Engn, 102 Gleeson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM greg.herman@oregonstate.edu
OI Keszler, Douglas/0000-0002-7112-1171
FU National Science Foundation [CHE-1102637]; Oregon State University;
Oregon Nanoscience and Microtechnologies Institute; Department of
Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. CHE-1102637. Support has also been provided
by Oregon State University and the Oregon Nanoscience and
Microtechnologies Institute. A portion of the research was performed
using Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific
user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of
Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory. BLC and DAK have a financial interest in Inpria
Corp.
NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0142-2421
EI 1096-9918
J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL
JI Surf. Interface Anal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 46
IS 4
SI SI
BP 210
EP 215
DI 10.1002/sia.5205
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AD4XO
UT WOS:000333255300002
ER
PT J
AU Yang, L
Zhu, ZH
Yu, XY
Rodek, E
Saraf, L
Thevuthasan, T
Cowin, JP
AF Yang, Li
Zhu, Zihua
Yu, Xiao-Ying
Rodek, Eugene
Saraf, Lax
Thevuthasan, Theva
Cowin, James P.
TI In situ SEM and ToF-SIMS analysis of IgG conjugated gold nanoparticles
at aqueous surfaces
SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE microfluidic platform; aqueous surface; SEM; EDX; ToF-SIMS;
nanoparticle; in situ
ID TISSUES; CELLS
AB In this study, we report new results of in situ study of 5 nm goat anti-mouse IgG gold nanoparticles in a novel portable vacuum compatible microfluidic device using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). The unique feature of the liquid flow cell is that the detection window is open to the vacuum allowing direct probing of the liquid surface. The flow cell is composed of a silicon nitride (SiN) membrane and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and it is fully compatible with vacuum operations for surface analysis. The aperture can be drilled through the 100 nm SiN membrane using a focused ion beam. Characteristic signals of the conjugated gold nanoparticles were successfully observed through the aperture by both energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) in SEM and ToF-SIMS. Comparison was also made among wet samples, dry samples, and liquid sample in the flow cell using SEM/EDX. Stronger gold signal can be observed in our novel portable device by SEM/EDX compared with the wet or dry samples, respectively. Our results indicate that analyses of the nanoparticle components are better made in their native liquid environment. This is made possible using our unique microfluidic flow cell. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Yang, Li; Cowin, James P.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Mat & Chem Sci, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Yang, Li; Zhu, Zihua; Saraf, Lax; Thevuthasan, Theva] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Yu, Xiao-Ying] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Climate Change Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Rodek, Eugene] SPI Supplies Struct Probe Inc, W Chester, PA 19380 USA.
[Cowin, James P.] Cowin In Situ Sci LLC, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Zhu, ZH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM zihua.zhu@pnnl.gov; xiaoying.yu@pnnl.gov
RI Zhu, Zihua/K-7652-2012;
OI Yu, Xiao-Ying/0000-0002-9861-3109
FU Department of Energy (DOE) Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences,
and Biosciences (BES Chemical Sciences) [KC-0301020-16248]; Office of
Biological and Environmental Research (OBER); Use at Facility Funds
(UAFF) of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); OBER
FX We are grateful for the support from the Department of Energy (DOE)
Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences (BES
Chemical Sciences grant, KC-0301020-16248), the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research (OBER), and the Use at Facility Funds (UAFF) of
the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The research was
performed in the W. R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory
(EMSL), a national scientific user facility sponsored by OBER and
located at PNNL. PNNL is operated for DOE by Battelle.
NR 24
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0142-2421
EI 1096-9918
J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL
JI Surf. Interface Anal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 46
IS 4
SI SI
BP 224
EP 228
DI 10.1002/sia.5252
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AD4XO
UT WOS:000333255300004
ER
PT J
AU Brumbach, MT
Jaye, C
Ohlhausen, JT
Fischer, D
AF Brumbach, Michael T.
Jaye, Cherno
Ohlhausen, James T.
Fischer, Daniel
TI Imaging, work function, and compositional changes of thiols on gold via
shadow mask ozonolysis
SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE NEXAFS; XPS; UPS; imaging; thiol; SAM; pattern; work function
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; FLUORINATED ALKANETHIOLS; CHEMICAL
LITHOGRAPHY; UV PHOTOOXIDATION; ORGANIC THIOLS; STATIC SIMS; TAIL-GROUP;
FILMS; METAL; SURFACES
AB Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkyl and fluorinated thiols were investigated after ozonolysis shadow mask treatments with varying areal domains and after exposure to displacing thiols. Imaging near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy was used as a novel method for investigating the resulting heterogeneous SAM films. Composition and work function were characterized via X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. Imaging NEXAFS characterization of these heterogeneous films clearly shows the displacement of oxidized thiols after ozonolysis patterning. Changes in the SAM after patterning, and after displacement from back-filling thiols, can be inferred from changes in the effective work function. Larger changes in work function were observed for cases where thiols were deposited after ozonolysis suggesting that the displacing SAM was denser and/or more ordered than as-deposited films. These results highlight one of the first demonstrations of imaging NEXAFS and present measurements of effective work function on intentionally heterogeneous SAM films. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Brumbach, Michael T.; Ohlhausen, James T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Jaye, Cherno; Fischer, Daniel] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Brumbach, MT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM mtbrumb@sandia.gov
FU Sandia National Laboratories Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Program; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; United States
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors are grateful for support from Sandia National Laboratories
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. The inclusion of
company names is for completeness and does not represent an endorsement
by the National Institute of Standards and Technology or Sandia National
Laboratories. The authors are grateful for support from Sandia National
Laboratories Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. Use
of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by
Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 60
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0142-2421
EI 1096-9918
J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL
JI Surf. Interface Anal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 46
IS 4
SI SI
BP 229
EP 236
DI 10.1002/sia.5264
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AD4XO
UT WOS:000333255300005
ER
PT J
AU Malama, B
AF Malama, Bwalya
TI Theory of transient streaming potentials in coupled unconfined aquifer-
unsaturated zone flow to a well
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE electrokinetic; streaming potentials; transient; unconfined aquifer;
unsaturated zone; hydraulic conductivity
ID PUMPING TEST; WATER-TABLE; POROUS-MEDIA; YIELD; SAND; INVERSION
AB A semianalytical solution is presented for transient streaming potentials associated with flow to a pumping well in an unconfined aquifer, taking into account the effect of flow in the unsaturated zone above the water table. Flow in the unsaturated zone is modeled with a linearized form of Richards' equation using an exponential model for soil moisture retention and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. Archie's law is invoked for unsaturated electrical conductivity. The unsaturated electrokinetic coupling coefficient is modeled with a decaying exponential, where the maximum value is at and below the water table. The coupled flow and electrokinetic problem is solved using Laplace and Hankel transforms. The results of the model predicted behavior are presented and compared to that observed in laboratory simulations of pumping tests. The early time polarity reversal predicted the model is observable in the experiments. Other nonmonotonic streaming potential behaviors predicted by the model are also evident in experimental measurements. The model is used to estimate hydraulic parameters from SP data and these compare well to those obtained from drawdown data. For example, a hydraulic conductivity of 3.6 x 10(-4) m/s is obtained from SP data compared to 3.4 x 10(-4) m/s from drawdown data.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Performance Assessment Dept, Carlsbad, CA 88220 USA.
RP Malama, B (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Performance Assessment Dept, Carlsbad, CA 88220 USA.
EM bnmalam@sandia.gov
FU WIPP; U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This research is funded by WIPP programs administered by the Office of
Environmental Management (EM) of the U.S Department of Energy. Sandia
National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated
by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin
Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. We also
sincerely thank the two anonymous reviewers for their insightful
critiques, comments, and suggestions for additional analyses.
NR 48
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 21
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 4
BP 2921
EP 2945
DI 10.1002/2013WR014909
PG 25
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AH3LV
UT WOS:000336026000010
ER
PT J
AU Dasgupta, NP
Sun, JW
Liu, C
Brittman, S
Andrews, SC
Lim, J
Gao, HW
Yan, RX
Yang, PD
AF Dasgupta, Neil P.
Sun, Jianwei
Liu, Chong
Brittman, Sarah
Andrews, Sean C.
Lim, Jongwoo
Gao, Hanwei
Yan, Ruoxue
Yang, Peidong
TI 25th Anniversary Article: Semiconductor Nanowires Synthesis,
Characterization, and Applications
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
DE nanostructure; nanowires; synthesis; electronics; photonics; energy;
thermoelectric; photovoltaic; photoelectrochemistry; energy storage;
NEMS; bio-nano interface
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; CORE-SHELL NANOWIRES;
LIQUID-SOLID GROWTH; SOLAR-ENERGY-CONVERSION; ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION;
INDIVIDUAL SILICON NANOWIRES; GALLIUM-PHOSPHIDE NANOWIRES; TRIANGULAR
CROSS-SECTIONS; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION
AB Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) have been studied extensively for over two decades for their novel electronic, photonic, thermal, electrochemical and mechanical properties. This comprehensive review article summarizes major advances in the synthesis, characterization, and application of these materials in the past decade. Developments in the understanding of the fundamental principles of bottom-up growth mechanisms are presented, with an emphasis on rational control of the morphology, stoichiometry, and crystal structure of the materials. This is followed by a discussion of the application of nanowires in i) electronic, ii) sensor, iii) photonic, iv) thermoelectric, v) photovoltaic, vi) photoelectrochemical, vii) battery, viii) mechanical, and ix) biological applications. Throughout the discussion, a detailed explanation of the unique properties associated with the one-dimensional nanowire geometry will be presented, and the benefits of these properties for the various applications will be highlighted. The review concludes with a brief perspective on future research directions, and remaining barriers which must be overcome for the successful commercial application of these technologies.
C1 [Dasgupta, Neil P.; Sun, Jianwei; Liu, Chong; Brittman, Sarah; Andrews, Sean C.; Lim, Jongwoo; Gao, Hanwei; Yan, Ruoxue; Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Sun, Jianwei; Liu, Chong; Brittman, Sarah; Andrews, Sean C.; Lim, Jongwoo; Gao, Hanwei; Yan, Ruoxue; Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Yang, Peidong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Yang, Peidong] Kavli Energy Nanosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Yang, PD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM p_yang@berkeley.edu
RI Yuwen, Yu/J-3399-2014; Gao, Hanwei/B-3634-2010;
OI Liu, Chong/0000-0001-5546-3852
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences
and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231 (P-Chem)]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) under the SunShot Solar
Energy Technologies Program
FX This article is part of an ongoing series celebrating the 25th
anniversary of Advanced Materials. This work was supported by the
Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials
Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (P-Chem) N.P.D. acknowledges
support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy (EERE) Postdoctoral Research Awards under the
SunShot Solar Energy Technologies Program.
NR 473
TC 210
Z9 211
U1 110
U2 883
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
EI 1521-4095
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 26
IS 14
BP 2137
EP 2184
DI 10.1002/adma.201305929
PG 48
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AF0IV
UT WOS:000334398400003
PM 24604701
ER
PT J
AU Pascall, AJ
Qian, F
Wang, GM
Worsley, MA
Li, Y
Kuntz, JD
AF Pascall, Andrew J.
Qian, Fang
Wang, Gongming
Worsley, Marcus A.
Li, Yat
Kuntz, Joshua D.
TI Light-Directed Electrophoretic Deposition: A New Additive Manufacturing
Technique for Arbitrarily Patterned 3D Composites
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE electrophoretic deposition (EPD); additive manufacturing;
multimaterials; virtual electrodes; 3D printing
ID SOLAR-CELLS; NANOPARTICLES; ELECTRODES; FILMS; BIOMATERIALS; CRYSTALS
C1 [Pascall, Andrew J.; Qian, Fang; Worsley, Marcus A.; Kuntz, Joshua D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Wang, Gongming; Li, Yat] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Pascall, AJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM pascall1@llnl.gov
RI Wang, Gongming/C-4555-2012;
OI Pascall, Andrew/0000-0002-7933-8690; Worsley,
Marcus/0000-0002-8012-7727; Li, Yat/0000-0002-8058-2084
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Strategic Initiative
program [11-SI-005, 14-SI-004]; DARPA Defense Sciences Office, Materials
with Controlled Microstructural Architecture Program; US Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344,
LLNL-JRNL-644274]
FX This work was funded by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Strategic Initiative program 11-SI-005 and 14-SI-004. Funding support
from DARPA Defense Sciences Office, Materials with Controlled
Microstructural Architecture Program, Program Manager Dr. Judah
Goldwasser, is gratefully acknowledged. We would also like to thank Dr.
Klint Rose for initial discussions and Dr. Christian Grant for the
profilometry data. This work was performed under the auspices of the US
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-644274.
NR 36
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 9
U2 106
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
EI 1521-4095
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 26
IS 14
BP 2252
EP 2256
DI 10.1002/adma.201304953
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AF0IV
UT WOS:000334398400007
PM 24532281
ER
PT J
AU Berger, RF
Broberg, DP
Neaton, JB
AF Berger, Robert F.
Broberg, Daniel P.
Neaton, Jeffrey B.
TI Tuning the electronic structure of SrTiO3/SrFeO3-x superlattices via
composition and vacancy control
SO APL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID VISIBLE-LIGHT IRRADIATION; TRANSITION-METAL OXIDES; PHOTOCATALYTIC
ACTIVITIES; PHASE TRANSITION; NICKEL-OXIDE; PEROVSKITE; OXYGEN; SRTIO3;
ENERGY; SUPPRESSION
AB Using density functional theory-based calculations, we explore the effects of oxygen vacancies and epitaxial layering on the atomic, magnetic, and electronic structure of (SrTiO3)(n)(SrFeO3-x)(1) superlattices. While structures without oxygen vacancies (x = 0) possess small or non- existent band gaps and ferromagnetic ordering in their iron layers, those with large vacancy concentrations (x = 0.5) have much larger gaps and antiferromagnetic ordering. Though the computed gaps depend numerically on the delicate energetic balance of vacancy ordering and on the value of Hubbard Ueff used in the calculations, we demonstrate that changes in layering can tune the band gaps of these superlattices below that of SrTiO3 (3.2 eV) by raising their valence band maxima. This suggests the possibility that these superlattices could absorb in the solar spectrum, and could serve as water- splitting photocatalysts. (C) 2014 Author(s).
C1 [Berger, Robert F.; Broberg, Daniel P.; Neaton, Jeffrey B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Berger, Robert F.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Chem, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
[Neaton, Jeffrey B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Berger, RF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RI Neaton, Jeffrey/F-8578-2015; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014
OI Neaton, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7585-6135;
FU Energy Materials Center at Cornell [EMC2]; Energy Frontier Research
Center - U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001086]; Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences of the U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank C. J. Fennie, D. G. Schlom, C. Adamo, D. A. Muller, and L. F.
J. Piper for valuable discussions. This material is based upon work
supported as part of the Energy Materials Center at Cornell (EMC2), an
Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U. S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award
No. DE-SC0001086. Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U. S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 50
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2166-532X
J9 APL MATER
JI APL Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 4
AR 046101
DI 10.1063/1.4869955
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA AH4FU
UT WOS:000336083600002
ER
PT J
AU Fox, AL
Hughes, EA
Trocine, RP
Trefry, JH
Schonberg, SV
McTigue, ND
Lasorsa, BK
Konar, B
Cooper, LW
AF Fox, Austin L.
Hughes, Emily A.
Trocine, Robert P.
Trefry, John H.
Schonberg, Susan V.
McTigue, Nathan D.
Lasorsa, Brenda K.
Konar, Brenda
Cooper, Lee W.
TI Mercury in the northeastern Chukchi Sea: Distribution patterns in
seawater and sediments and biomagnification in the benthic food web
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic; Chukchi Sea; Mercury; Biomagnification
ID METHYL MERCURY; ST-LAWRENCE; ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; CHLOROPHYLL-A;
ARCTIC-OCEAN; METHYLMERCURY; WATER; BIOACCUMULATION; SHELF; GULF
AB Mercury contamination in the atmosphere, snow and marine mammals of the Arctic has been a continuing environmental concern and the focus of many investigations. Much less is known about the distribution of Hg in seawater, sediments and organisms from lower trophic levels in the Arctic, especially the Chukchi Sea. The onset of sea-ice retreat, severe coastal erosion, enhanced primary productivity and offshore energy development in the northeastern Chukchi Sea (NECS) signal changes to a system for which we have limited data for potentially toxic chemicals. To help us better understand and explain any future changes, we present here a combined data set for Hg in seawater, sediments and the following organisms from the NECS: amphipods (Ampelisca macrocephala), clams (Astarte borealis), snow crabs (Chionoecetes opilio), arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) and whelks (Buccinum spp. and Neptunea heros). Concentrations of total dissolved Hg (THgd) averaged ( +/- standard deviation) 2.8 +/- 1.4 pM in the NECS, similar to 2 times greater than values of 1.5 +/- 0.5 pM for the Bering Strait. Overall, consistently lower concentrations of THgd were found at depths with markedly higher concentrations of chlorophyll a. Concentrations of total Hg (THg) in sediments from the NECS averaged 31 +/- 10 ng g(-1), correlated well with silt+clay, Al and TOC, and showed a long-term record consistent with the natural, background environment. Very localized occurrences of sediment with elevated THg concentrations were identified near two exploratory drilling sites where drilling mud and formation cuttings were discharged in 1989. Concentrations of sediment monomethylmercury (MMHg) averaged 0.15 +/- 0.07 ng g(-1) and accounted for only 0.43 +/- 0.17% of the sediment THg. The lowest average value (+/- standard error) for THg in biota was found for A. borealis at 44 +/- 4 ng g(-1) dry weight (d. wt.) with 33% of the THg present as MMHg. The highest average values for THg were identified for the whelks N. heros (195 +/- 29 ng g(-1), d. wt) and Buccinum spp. (269 +/- 54 ng g(-1), d. wt) with 95% of the THg present as MMHg in N. heros, the highest trophic level organism in this study as determined using data for delta N-15. Biomagnification of MMHg was observed in this benthic food web with the following relationship: log[MMHg] = 0.19[delta N-5] - 0.84 (R-2 = 0.80, p = 0.02). (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Fox, Austin L.; Hughes, Emily A.; Trocine, Robert P.; Trefry, John H.] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Marine & Environm Syst, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
[Schonberg, Susan V.; McTigue, Nathan D.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Marine Sci, Port Aransas, TX USA.
[Lasorsa, Brenda K.] Battelle Marine Sci Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA.
[Konar, Brenda] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Cooper, Lee W.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
RP Fox, AL (reprint author), Florida Inst Technol, Dept Marine & Environm Syst, 150 W Univ Blvd, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
EM afox2010@my.fit.edu
RI Cooper, Lee/E-5251-2012;
OI Cooper, Lee/0000-0001-7734-8388; Trefry, John/0000-0002-8451-5524
FU U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM),
Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Region, Anchorage, Alaska, Chukchi Sea
Offshore Monitoring in Drilling Area (COMIDA) Project [M08PC20056]; BOEM
Alaska Environmental Studies Program; Shell Exploration and Production
Company (SEPCo) Alaska, ConocoPhillips Alaska, Incorporated (CPAI);
Statoil
FX We thank Dick Prentki of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM),
U.S. Department of Interior, for his continued interest and enthusiasm
for studies of metals in biota. Many thanks go to Captain John Seville
and his crews aboard both the Alpha Helix and Moana Wave for outstanding
logistical and sampling support. We thank Ken Dunton for his leadership
as Chief Scientist for the COMIDA CAB Project and Jackie Grebmeier for
serving as Chief Scientist on the two COMIDA CAB cruises. We also thank
Eric Hersh and Harish Sangireddy for support at sea and ashore with data
management and Cory Hodes of Florida Institute of Technology for
assistance with data processing and graphics. The U.S. Department of
Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), Alaska Outer
Continental Shelf Region, Anchorage, Alaska provided funding under
Contract no. M08PC20056 as a part of the Chukchi Sea Offshore Monitoring
in Drilling Area (COMIDA) Project and the BOEM Alaska Environmental
Studies Program. Additional support was obtained from Shell Exploration
and Production Company (SEPCo) Alaska, ConocoPhillips Alaska,
Incorporated (CPAI) and Statoil.
NR 59
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 5
U2 44
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 102
BP 56
EP 67
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.07.012
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AH1IH
UT WOS:000335873300005
ER
PT J
AU Kosny, J
Asiz, A
Smith, I
Shrestha, S
Fallahi, A
AF Kosny, Jan
Asiz, Andi
Smith, Ian
Shrestha, Som
Fallahi, Ali
TI A review of high R-value wood framed and composite wood wall
technologies using advanced insulation techniques
SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
LA English
DT Review
DE Building energy; Building envelopes; Thermal insulation
AB The main objective of this study is to indentify advanced wall frame assemblies applicable for residential and small commercial buildings, that have or could reach R-values larger than R-SI -3.5 m(2) K/W (U-value lower from 0.29). An extensive literature review of existing and past practices is used as the main vehicle to analyze: framing and wall insulation methods, architectural details with focus on minimizing thermal bridges, structural adequacy aspects with respect to gravity and lateral loads, and ability to provide fire and sound breaks. In this paper a wide selection of advance framing wall assemblies is discussed in details with main focus on construction methods, architectural details with minimized thermal bridges, and structural (strength) concerns. High performance wall technologies of consideration include: double walls, Larsen truss walls, optimum or advanced framing walls, walls using distance spacers (furring) and walls made of wood-based composites. Since wood framing for wall applications is mostly used in North America, Scandinavia, and Central Europe, this study is focused on research studies from these regions. In addition, field test studies are presented discussing an application of high R-value of new and retrofitted wall assemblies in actual test houses that have been constructed and being currently monitored. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kosny, Jan; Fallahi, Ali] Fraunhofer CSE, Boston, MA 02210 USA.
[Asiz, Andi] Prince Mohammad Bin Fand Univ, Khobar, Saudi Arabia.
[Smith, Ian] Univ New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.
[Shrestha, Som] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Kosny, J (reprint author), Fraunhofer CSE, Boston, MA 02210 USA.
EM jkosny@fraunhofer.org
OI Shrestha, Som/0000-0001-8399-3797
FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) through the Oak Ridge Institute for
Science and Education (ORISE); Frunhover CSE
FX Financial supports provided by Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)
through the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) and by
Frunhover CSE are greatly acknowledged. Thanks are also extended to ORNL
and Fraunhofer CSE research staffs for providing technical information
about ZEBRAlliance test houses and materials used in the Brunswick, ME
test house.
NR 47
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0378-7788
EI 1872-6178
J9 ENERG BUILDINGS
JI Energy Build.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 72
BP 441
EP 456
DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.01.004
PG 16
WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AH1JU
UT WOS:000335877200048
ER
PT J
AU McMahon, BH
Frauenfelder, H
Fenimore, PW
AF McMahon, Benjamin H.
Frauenfelder, Hans
Fenimore, Paul W.
TI The role of continuous and discrete water structures in protein function
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS
LA English
DT Review
ID SLOW CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; COUPLED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CARBON-MONOXIDE
BINDING; CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; ENERGY LANDSCAPES; LIGAND-BINDING;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; HEME-PROTEINS; MYOGLOBIN; DYNAMICS
AB Proteins have evolved to perform numerous roles as specific catalysts and nano-machines. Some of the mechanisms exploited by evolution are clear. Hydrophobicity drives the stabilization energy of folding, charges mediate long-range interactions and facilitate catalysis, and specific geometries and hydrogen bonding patterns facilitate molecular recognition and catalysis. In this work, we examine the energy landscape of protein dynamics in terms of the continuous and discrete water structures that control protein dynamics. We observe that the internal structures at the active site of proteins are constantly shaped by strong interactions with hydration shell and bulk water motions. By describing the energy landscape of proteins in terms of its three component motions; conformational, hydration and protonation, and electronic structure, it is possible to systematically understand protein function.
C1 [McMahon, Benjamin H.; Frauenfelder, Hans; Fenimore, Paul W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP McMahon, BH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp MS K710, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM mcmahon@lanl.gov
NR 65
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 36
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1951-6355
EI 1951-6401
J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP
JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 223
IS 5
BP 915
EP 926
DI 10.1140/epjst/e2014-02125-y
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AH1VC
UT WOS:000335908300003
ER
PT J
AU Greene, DL
Park, S
Liu, CZ
AF Greene, David L.
Park, Sangsoo
Liu, Changzheng
TI Analyzing the transition to electric drive vehicles in the US
SO FUTURES
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY; TRANSPORTATION
AB Scenarios of the transition to electric drive passenger cars and light trucks are created using the same model, technology and market behavior assumptions used in the recent National Research Council study, Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels. The transition is assumed to begin in California and the other U.S. states that have adopted California's Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) requirements. Five years after the ZEV standards take effect in 2015, the rest of the U.S. adopts polices strongly supporting the transition. After roughly a decade of net costs, market adoption of electric drive vehicles becomes self-sustaining. In the long run, the model implies that social benefits exceed excess costs by approximately an order of magnitude. Analysis of major energy transitions is characterized by deep uncertainty due to the long time constants for energy system change, the unpredictability of technological change and government policies, inadequate understanding of market processes, and the many important positive feedback mechanisms that create tipping points. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Greene, David L.; Park, Sangsoo] Univ Tennessee, Howard H Baker Jr Ctr Publ Policy, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Greene, David L.; Liu, Changzheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Transportat Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.
RP Greene, DL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Howard H Baker Jr Ctr Publ Policy, 1640 Cumberland Ave, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM dlgreene@utk.edu; spark34@utk.edu; liuc2@ornl.gov
NR 41
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0016-3287
EI 1873-6378
J9 FUTURES
JI Futures
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 58
SI SI
BP 34
EP 52
DI 10.1016/j.futures.2013.07.003
PG 19
WC Economics; Planning & Development
SC Business & Economics; Public Administration
GA AG7PZ
UT WOS:000335611600004
ER
PT J
AU Crabtree, G
Kocs, E
Alaan, T
AF Crabtree, George
Kocs, Elizabeth
Alaan, Thomas
TI Energy, society and science: The fifty-year scenario
SO FUTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE Energy research; Society; Climate; Energy carriers; Energy storage;
Energy market
ID SUSTAINABLE ENERGY; BATTERIES; FUELS; GAS; CHALLENGES; CONVERSION;
HEALTH; WATER; CO2
AB A vibrant, interactive, and rapidly advancing global society needs an adequate, low cost, predictable and diverse supply of energy; a stable climate; and an international market for energy that mediates across countries, regions, and energy carriers. The science discoveries needed to achieve these energy and societal outcomes are analyzed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.
C1 [Crabtree, George] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Crabtree, George] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Crabtree, George] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Crabtree, George] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Kocs, Elizabeth; Alaan, Thomas] Univ Illinois, Energy Initiat, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
RP Kocs, E (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Energy Initiat, 845 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
EM ekocs@uic.edu
NR 65
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0016-3287
EI 1873-6378
J9 FUTURES
JI Futures
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 58
SI SI
BP 53
EP 65
DI 10.1016/j.futures.2014.01.003
PG 13
WC Economics; Planning & Development
SC Business & Economics; Public Administration
GA AG7PZ
UT WOS:000335611600005
ER
PT J
AU Koleske, DD
Lee, SR
Crawford, MH
Cross, KC
Coltrin, ME
Kempisty, JM
AF Koleske, D. D.
Lee, S. R.
Crawford, M. H.
Cross, K. C.
Coltrin, M. E.
Kempisty, J. M.
TI Connection between GaN and InGaN growth mechanisms and surface
morphology
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Atomic force microscopy; Surface morphology; Evaporation and
recondensation; Surface diffusion; Metalorganic chemical vapor
deposition; Group III-nitrides
ID EPITAXIAL LATERAL OVERGROWTH; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; HYDROGEN
ATMOSPHERE; THERMAL-STABILITY; GALLIUM NITRIDE; QUANTUM-WELLS;
DECOMPOSITION; MOVPE; FILMS; SAPPHIRE
AB Power spectral density (PSD) analysis of atomic force microscopy (AM) images is used to determine the roughening and smoothing mechanisms that contribute to InGaN and GaN morphology during metalorganic chemical vapor deposition epitaxy (MOCVD). The analysis finds that non-stochastic surface roughening occurs from deposition onto the pre-existing GaN surface with this roughening becoming more evident at lower growth temperature. Counteracting the surface roughening are two smoothing mechanisms that operate over different temperature ranges and length scales. The first is an evaporation and recondensation mechanism, which dominates at higher temperatures (>900 degrees C) and longer length-scales ranging from one to tens of microns. The second is a surface diffusion mechanism, which dominates at lower temperatures (<800 degrees C) and shorter length scales ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometers. The competition between roughening and smoothing leads to a characteristic length-scale for mound (or hillock) formation, which prevails for low-temperature growth of GaN and InGaN single heterolayers, as well as InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs). For InGaN/GaN MQW samples where the wells are similarly grown, the choice of the GaN-barrier growth conditions is shown to influence MQW-interface roughness. Moreover, increased green-wavelength photoluminescence intensity is observed when rougher (rather than smoother) interfaces are present. The results suggest that the operation of smoothing mechanisms during MOCVD growth can be tailored to influence InGaN/GaN surface morphology and possibly improve emission efficiency. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
C1 [Koleske, D. D.; Lee, S. R.; Crawford, M. H.; Cross, K. C.; Coltrin, M. E.; Kempisty, J. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Koleske, DD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM ddkoles@sandia.gov
FU Sandia's Solid-State Lighting Science Energy Frontier Research Center -
US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S.
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX J.J. Figiel and K. Westlake are thanked for technical assistance. This
work was supported by Sandia's Solid-State Lighting Science Energy
Frontier Research Center, funded by the US Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences. Sandia National Laboratories is a
multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a
wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Company, for the U.S.
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 54
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 85
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0248
EI 1873-5002
J9 J CRYST GROWTH
JI J. Cryst. Growth
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 391
BP 85
EP 96
DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2014.01.010
PG 12
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA AG9WM
UT WOS:000335770700014
ER
PT J
AU Fang, L
Kwok, WK
AF Fang, Lei
Kwok, Wai-Kwong
TI Quantum phenomena in transport measurements of topological insulator
nanostructures (Review Article)
SO LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID QUANTIZED HALL CONDUCTANCE; HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELDS; SURFACE-STATES; BI2SE3
NANORIBBONS; WEAK-LOCALIZATION; BERRYS PHASE; SUPERCONDUCTORS;
OSCILLATIONS; BI2TE3; REALIZATION
AB We review the recent experimental advances on quantum phenomena in transport measurements of topological insulators with emphasis on quantum oscillation, weak antilocalization and Aharonov-Bohm effect and Altshuler-Aronov-Spivak effect. Following a brief introduction on the topic, we discuss the identification of the topological surface state based on quantum phenomena. Research prospect of topological insulators is described at the end of this article. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Fang, Lei; Kwok, Wai-Kwong] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Fang, Lei] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Fang, L (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM lfang@anl.gov
FU Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX L.F. and W.K.K. thank the support of the Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 96
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 88
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1063-777X
EI 1090-6517
J9 LOW TEMP PHYS+
JI Low Temp. Phys.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 40
IS 4
BP 280
EP 285
DI 10.1063/1.4869584
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AH4GC
UT WOS:000336084400003
ER
PT J
AU Crone, JC
Chung, PW
Leiter, KW
Knap, J
Aubry, S
Hommes, G
Arsenlis, A
AF Crone, Joshua C.
Chung, Peter W.
Leiter, Kenneth W.
Knap, Jaroslaw
Aubry, Sylvie
Hommes, Gregg
Arsenlis, Athanasios
TI A multiply parallel implementation of finite element-based discrete
dislocation dynamics for arbitrary geometries
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE dislocation dynamics; free surface; image stress
ID BOUNDARY-VALUE PROBLEM; MESOSCOPIC SCALE; FREE-SURFACE; MULTISCALE
MODEL; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; IMAGE STRESSES; PLASTICITY; SIMULATION; DEFECTS;
DEFORMATION
AB Discrete dislocation dynamics (DD) approaches have proven useful in modeling the dynamics of large ensembles of dislocations. Continuing interest in finite body effects via image stresses has extended DD numerical approaches to improve the handling of surfaces. However, a physically accurate, yet computationally scalable, implementation has been elusive. This paper presents a new framework and implementation of a finite element-based discrete DD code that (1) treats arbitrarily shaped non-convex surfaces through image tractions, (2) allows for systematic refinement of the finite element mesh both in the bulk and on the surface and (3) provides a platform to scale to relatively larger and lengthier simulations. The approach is based on the capabilities of the Parallel Dislocation Simulator coupled through a distributed shared memory implementation for the calculation of large numbers of dislocation segments interacting with an independently large number of surface finite elements. Surface tracking approaches enable topological features at surfaces to be modeled. We verify the computed results via comparisons with analytical solutions for an infinite screw dislocation and prismatic loop near a surface and examine surface effects on a Frank-Read source. Convergence of the image force error with h- and p-refinement is shown to indicate the computational robustness. Additionally, through larger numerical experiments, we demonstrate the new capabilities in a three-dimensional elastic body of finite extent.
C1 [Crone, Joshua C.; Chung, Peter W.; Leiter, Kenneth W.; Knap, Jaroslaw] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA.
[Aubry, Sylvie; Hommes, Gregg; Arsenlis, Athanasios] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Crone, JC (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA.
EM joshua.crone.civ@mail.mil
FU Army Program Element [0601102A H44]; Computational Sciences Division at
the US Army Research Laboratory; US Department of Energy by Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This research was performed through support, in part, from Army Program
Element 0601102A H44 and the Computational Sciences Division at the US
Army Research Laboratory and, in part, through the auspices of the US
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. Computing resources were provided by the
Department of Defense (DoD) Supercomputing Resource Center (DSRC).
NR 59
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 19
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
EI 1361-651X
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 3
AR 035014
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/3/035014
PG 27
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AH2LM
UT WOS:000335952900024
ER
PT J
AU Queyreau, S
Marian, J
Wirth, BD
Arsenlis, A
AF Queyreau, S.
Marian, J.
Wirth, B. D.
Arsenlis, A.
TI Analytical integration of the forces induced by dislocations on a
surface element
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE dislocation dynamics coupled with finite elements; tractions; forces due
to dislocations
ID BOUNDARY-VALUE PROBLEM; DYNAMICS; PLASTICITY; MODEL; SIMULATIONS;
FORMULATION
AB An analytical formulation of the nodal forces induced by a dislocation segment on a surface element is presented. The determination of such nodal forces is a critical step when associating dislocation dynamics simulations with continuum approaches to simulate the plastic behaviour of finite domains. The nodal force calculation starts from the infinite-domain stress field of a dislocation and involves a triple integration over the dislocation ensemble and over the surface element at the domain boundary. In the case of arbitrary oriented straight segments of dislocations and a linear rectangular surface element, the solution is derived by means of a sequence of integrations by parts that present specific recurrence relations. The use of the non-singular expression for the infinite-domain stress field ensures that the traction field is finite everywhere even at the dislocation core. A specific solution is provided for virtual semi-infinite segments that can be used to enforce global mechanical equilibrium in the infinite domain. The proposed model for nodal forces is fully analytical, exact and very efficient computationally. A discussion on how to adapt the proposed methodology to more complex shape functions and surface element geometry is presented at the end of the paper.
C1 [Queyreau, S.] Univ Paris 13, LSPM CNRS, UPR 3407, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France.
[Queyreau, S.; Marian, J.; Arsenlis, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Queyreau, S.; Wirth, B. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wirth, B. D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Queyreau, S (reprint author), Univ Paris 13, LSPM CNRS, UPR 3407, F-93430 Villetaneuse, France.
EM sylvain.queyreau@lspm.cnrs.fr
RI Wirth, Brian/O-4878-2015
OI Wirth, Brian/0000-0002-0395-0285
FU US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the US Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 11
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
EI 1361-651X
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 3
AR 035004
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/3/035004
PG 37
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AH2LM
UT WOS:000335952900014
ER
PT J
AU Yadav, SK
Ramprasad, R
Wang, J
Misra, A
Liu, XY
AF Yadav, S. K.
Ramprasad, R.
Wang, J.
Misra, A.
Liu, X-Y
TI First-principles study of Cu/TiN and Al/TiN interfaces: weak versus
strong interfaces
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE density functional theory; metal/ceramic interface; shear strength
ID NITRIDE THIN-FILMS; COPPER NITRIDE; MULTILAYERS; BEHAVIOR; STRENGTH;
SCALE
AB Using density functional theory based first-principles calculations, we show that the preferred interfacial plane orientation relationship is determined by the strength of bonding at the interface. The thermodynamic stability, and the ideal tensile and shear strengths of Cu(1 1 1)/TiN(1 1 1) and Al(1 1 1)/TiN(1 1 1) interfaces are calculated. While there is a strong orientation relation preference for the Al/TiN interface, there is no orientation relation preference for the Cu/TiN interface. Both the ideal tensile and shear strengths of Cu/TiN interfaces are lower than those of bulk Cu and TiN, suggesting such interfaces are weaker than their bulk components. By comparison, the ideal strengths of the Al/TiN interface are comparable to the constituents in the bulk form. Such contrasting interfaces can be a test-bed for studying the role of interfaces in determining the mechanical behavior of the nanolayered structures.
C1 [Yadav, S. K.; Wang, J.; Liu, X-Y] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Ramprasad, R.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Misra, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CINT, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Yadav, SK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, MST 8, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM yadav.satyesh@gmail.com
RI Yadav, Satyesh/M-6588-2014; yadav, satyesh/C-5811-2013; Misra,
Amit/H-1087-2012; Wang, Jian/F-2669-2012
OI yadav, satyesh/0000-0002-6308-6070; Wang, Jian/0000-0001-5130-300X
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences; Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Directed Research and
Development Program; National Nuclear Security Administration of the US
Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX We thank Nan Li for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the
US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences. XYL also acknowledges partial support by the Los Alamos
National Laboratory (LANL) Directed Research and Development Program.
LANL is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National
Nuclear Security Administration of the US Department of Energy under
contract No DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 32
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
EI 1361-651X
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 3
AR 035020
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/22/3/035020
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AH2LM
UT WOS:000335952900030
ER
PT J
AU Jha, RK
Gaiotto, T
Bradbury, ARM
Strauss, CEM
AF Jha, Ramesh K.
Gaiotto, Tiziano
Bradbury, Andrew R. M.
Strauss, Charlie E. M.
TI An improved Protein G with higher affinity for human/rabbit IgG Fc
domains exploiting a computationally designed polar network
SO PROTEIN ENGINEERING DESIGN & SELECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Computational protein design; Fc domain; Immunoglobulin G; Polar
interaction; Protein G
ID YEAST SURFACE DISPLAY; STRUCTURE PREDICTION; DIRECTED EVOLUTION;
ANTIBODY-AFFINITY; FUSION PROTEIN; BINDING; SPECIFICITY; RESOLUTION;
INTERFACE; DOCKING
AB Protein G is an IgG binding protein that has been widely exploited for biotechnological purposes. Rosetta protein modeling identified a set of favorable polar mutations in Protein G, at its binding interface with the Fc domain of Immunoglobulin G, that were predicted to increase the stability and tighten the binding relative to native Protein G, with only a minor perturbation of the binding mode seen in the crystal structure. This triple mutant was synthesized and evaluated experimentally. Relative to the native protein G, the mutant showed a 3.5-fold enhancement in display level on the surface of yeast and a 5-fold tighter molar affinity for rabbit and human IgG. We attribute the improved affinity to a network of hydrogen bonds exploiting specific polar groups on human and rabbit Fc. The relative specificity increased as well since there was little affinity enhancement for goat and mouse Fc, while the affinity for rat Fc was poorer by half. This designed Protein G will be useful in biotechnological applications as a recombinant protein, where its improved affinity, display and specificity will increase antibody capture sensitivity and capacity. Furthermore, the display of this protein on the surface of yeast introduces the concept of the use of yeast as an affinity matrix.
C1 [Jha, Ramesh K.; Gaiotto, Tiziano; Bradbury, Andrew R. M.; Strauss, Charlie E. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Bradbury, ARM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM amb@lanl.gov; cems@lanl.gov
OI Bradbury, Andrew/0000-0002-5567-8172; Jha, Ramesh/0000-0001-5904-3441
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [CBCALL12-LS-6-0622]; LANL Institutional
Computing [W11_SynBio]; LANL Laboratory Directed Research and
Development program [20120029DR]; National Institute of Health
[5U54DK093500-02]
FX This work was supported by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency
[CBCALL12-LS-6-0622 to C.E.M.S.], LANL Institutional Computing
[W11_SynBio to C.E.M.S.] and LANL Laboratory Directed Research and
Development program [20120029DR to C.E.M.S.], and by the National
Institute of Health [5U54DK093500-02 to A.R.M.B.]
NR 45
TC 1
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U1 1
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1741-0126
EI 1741-0134
J9 PROTEIN ENG DES SEL
JI Protein Eng. Des. Sel.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 4
BP 127
EP 134
DI 10.1093/protein/gzu005
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA AH1XU
UT WOS:000335915900004
PM 24632761
ER
PT J
AU Bora, DK
Glans, PA
Pepper, J
Liu, YS
Du, C
Wang, DW
Guo, JH
AF Bora, Debajeet K.
Glans, Per-Anders
Pepper, John
Liu, Yi-Sheng
Du, Chun
Wang, Dunwei
Guo, J. -H.
TI An ultra-high vacuum electrochemical flow cell for in situ/operando soft
X-ray spectroscopy study
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; LIQUID WATER; HEMATITE; ELECTROLYTES;
DEPOSITION
AB An in situ flow electrochemical cell has been designed and fabricated to allow better seal under UHV chamber thus to achieve a good signal to noise ratio in fluorescence yield detection of X-ray absorption spectra for spectroelectrochemical study. The cell also stabilizes the thin silicon nitride membrane window in an effective manner so that the liquid cell remains intact during X-ray absorption experiments. With the improved design of the liquid cell, electrochemical experiments such as cyclic voltammetry have been performed for 10 cycles with a good stability of sample window. Also an operando electrochemical experiment during photoelectrochemistry has been performed on n-type hematite electrode deposited on silicon nitride window. The experiment allows us to observe the formation of two extra electronic transitions before pre edge of O K-edge spectra. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Bora, Debajeet K.; Glans, Per-Anders; Pepper, John; Liu, Yi-Sheng; Guo, J. -H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Du, Chun; Wang, Dunwei] Boston Coll, Dept Chem, Boston, MA 02467 USA.
RP Bora, DK (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM debajeet.bora@empa.ch; jguo@lbl.gov
RI Bora, Debajeet/C-1951-2009; Glans, Per-Anders/G-8674-2016
OI Bora, Debajeet/0000-0001-6466-7734;
FU directorate of Berkeley Lab; Office of Science/BES, of the U.S. DoE
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the LDRD project supported by
directorate of Berkeley Lab. The ALS is supported by the Director,
Office of Science/BES, of the U.S. DoE, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. For making gold deposited window, helps from Dr. J.
J. Velasco-Velez, Materials Science Division, LBNL is highly
acknowledged.
NR 28
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U1 5
U2 39
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 043106
DI 10.1063/1.4870795
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600006
PM 24784592
ER
PT J
AU Hahn, KD
Cooper, GW
Ruiz, CL
Fehl, DL
Chandler, GA
Knapp, PF
Leeper, RJ
Nelson, AJ
Smelser, RM
Torres, JA
AF Hahn, K. D.
Cooper, G. W.
Ruiz, C. L.
Fehl, D. L.
Chandler, G. A.
Knapp, P. F.
Leeper, R. J.
Nelson, A. J.
Smelser, R. M.
Torres, J. A.
TI Fusion-neutron-yield, activation measurements at the Z accelerator:
Design, analysis, and sensitivity
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; DENSE-PLASMA-FOCUS; DETECTOR
AB We present a general methodology to determine the diagnostic sensitivity that is directly applicable to neutron-activation diagnostics fielded on a wide variety of neutron-producing experiments, which include inertial-confinement fusion (ICF), dense plasma focus, and ion beam-driven concepts. This approach includes a combination of several effects: (1) non-isotropic neutron emission; (2) the 1/r(2) decrease in neutron fluence in the activation material; (3) the spatially distributed neutron scattering, attenuation, and energy losses due to the fielding environment and activation material itself; and (4) temporally varying neutron emission. As an example, we describe the copper-activation diagnostic used to measure secondary deuterium-tritium fusion-neutron yields on ICF experiments conducted on the pulsed-power Z Accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories. Using this methodology along with results from absolute calibrations and Monte Carlo simulations, we find that for the diagnostic configuration on Z, the diagnostic sensitivity is 0.037% +/- 17% counts/neutron per cm(2) and is similar to 40% less sensitive than it would be in an ideal geometry due to neutron attenuation, scattering, and energy-loss effects. (C) 2014 Author(s).
C1 [Hahn, K. D.; Ruiz, C. L.; Fehl, D. L.; Chandler, G. A.; Knapp, P. F.; Smelser, R. M.; Torres, J. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Cooper, G. W.; Nelson, A. J.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Leeper, R. J.] Los Alamos Natl Labs, Plasma Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Hahn, KD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM kdhahn@sandia.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and
operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed
Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 043507
DI 10.1063/1.4870779
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600021
PM 24784607
ER
PT J
AU Reber, TJ
Plumb, NC
Waugh, JA
Dessau, DS
AF Reber, T. J.
Plumb, N. C.
Waugh, J. A.
Dessau, D. S.
TI Effects, determination, and correction of count rate nonlinearity in
multi-channel analog electron detectors
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; STATE
AB Detector counting rate nonlinearity, though a known problem, is commonly ignored in the analysis of angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy where modern multichannel electron detection schemes using analog intensity scales are used. We focus on a nearly ubiquitous "inverse saturation" nonlinearity that makes the spectra falsely sharp and beautiful. These artificially enhanced spectra limit accurate quantitative analysis of the data, leading to mistaken spectral weights, Fermi energies, and peak widths. We present a method to rapidly detect and correct for this nonlinearity. This algorithm could be applicable for a wide range of nonlinear systems, beyond photoemission spectroscopy. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Reber, T. J.; Plumb, N. C.; Waugh, J. A.; Dessau, D. S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Reber, TJ (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RI Plumb, Nicholas/B-8059-2013
OI Plumb, Nicholas/0000-0002-2334-8494
FU DOE [DE-FG02-03ER46066]
FX We thank D. H. Lu and R. G. Moore for help at SSRL and M. Arita and H.
Iwasawa at HiSOR. SSRL is operated by the DOE, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences. Funding for this research was provided by DOE Grant No.
DE-FG02-03ER46066.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 043907
DI 10.1063/1.4870283
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600040
PM 24784626
ER
PT J
AU Rosenberg, MJ
Seguin, FH
Waugh, CJ
Rinderknecht, HG
Orozco, D
Frenje, JA
Johnson, MG
Sio, H
Zylstra, AB
Sinenian, N
Li, CK
Petrasso, RD
Glebov, VY
Stoeckl, C
Hohenberger, M
Sangster, TC
LePape, S
Mackinnon, AJ
Bionta, RM
Landen, OL
Zacharias, RA
Kim, Y
Herrmann, HW
Kilkenny, JD
AF Rosenberg, M. J.
Seguin, F. H.
Waugh, C. J.
Rinderknecht, H. G.
Orozco, D.
Frenje, J. A.
Johnson, M. Gatu
Sio, H.
Zylstra, A. B.
Sinenian, N.
Li, C. K.
Petrasso, R. D.
Glebov, V. Yu.
Stoeckl, C.
Hohenberger, M.
Sangster, T. C.
LePape, S.
Mackinnon, A. J.
Bionta, R. M.
Landen, O. L.
Zacharias, R. A.
Kim, Y.
Herrmann, H. W.
Kilkenny, J. D.
TI Empirical assessment of the detection efficiency of CR-39 at high proton
fluence and a compact, proton detector for high-fluence applications
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; INERTIAL-FUSION IMPLOSIONS; OMEGA; PLASMAS
AB CR-39 solid-state nuclear track detectors are widely used in physics and in many inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments, and under ideal conditions these detectors have 100% detection efficiency for similar to 0.5-8 MeV protons. When the fluence of incident particles becomes too high, overlap of particle tracks leads to under-counting at typical processing conditions (5 h etch in 6N NaOH at 80 degrees C). Short etch times required to avoid overlap can cause under-counting as well, as tracks are not fully developed. Experiments have determined the minimum etch times for 100% detection of 1.7-4.3-MeV protons and established that for 2.4-MeV protons, relevant for detection of DD protons, the maximum fluence that can be detected using normal processing techniques is less than or similar to 3 x 10(6) cm(-2). A CR-39-based proton detector has been developed to mitigate issues related to high particle fluences on ICF facilities. Using a pinhole and scattering foil several mm in front of the CR-39, proton fluences at the CR-39 are reduced by more than a factor of similar to 50, increasing the operating yield upper limit by a comparable amount. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Rosenberg, M. J.; Seguin, F. H.; Waugh, C. J.; Rinderknecht, H. G.; Orozco, D.; Frenje, J. A.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Sio, H.; Zylstra, A. B.; Sinenian, N.; Li, C. K.; Petrasso, R. D.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Glebov, V. Yu.; Stoeckl, C.; Hohenberger, M.; Sangster, T. C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[LePape, S.; Mackinnon, A. J.; Bionta, R. M.; Landen, O. L.; Zacharias, R. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Kim, Y.; Herrmann, H. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Kilkenny, J. D.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
RP Rosenberg, MJ (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM mrosenbe@mit.edu
RI MacKinnon, Andrew/P-7239-2014; lepape, sebastien/J-3010-2015;
OI MacKinnon, Andrew/0000-0002-4380-2906; /0000-0003-4969-5571
FU (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-NA0001857]; NLUF [DE-NA0002035];
LLE [415935-G]; LLNL [B600100]; LANL [68238-001-09]
FX The authors thank the OMEGA operations and target fabrication crews for
their assistance in carrying out these experiments and J. Schaeffer, R.
Frankel, E. Doeg, M. Valadez, M. Cairel, and M. McKernan for their help
in processing of CR-39 data used in this work. This work was performed
in partial fulfillment of the first author's Ph.D. thesis and supported
in part by (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) (Grant No. DE-NA0001857),
NLUF (No. DE-NA0002035), LLE (No. 415935-G), LLNL (No. B600100), and
LANL (No. 68238-001-09).
NR 21
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U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 043302
DI 10.1063/1.4870898
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600011
PM 24784597
ER
PT J
AU Schollmeier, M
Geissel, M
Sefkow, AB
Flippo, KA
AF Schollmeier, M.
Geissel, M.
Sefkow, A. B.
Flippo, K. A.
TI Improved spectral data unfolding for radiochromic film imaging
spectroscopy of laser-accelerated proton beams
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUKA CODE; HEAVY-ION; DOSIMETRY; RADIATION; IRRADIATION; GENERATION;
DETECTORS; ALANINE; DRIVEN; SOLIDS
AB An improved method to unfold the space-resolved proton energy distribution function of laser-accelerated proton beams using a layered, radiochromic film (RCF) detector stack has been developed. The method takes into account the reduced RCF response near the Bragg peak due to a high linear energy transfer (LET). This LET dependence of the active RCF layer has been measured, and published data have been re-interpreted to find a nonlinear saturation scaling of the RCF response with stopping power. Accounting for the LET effect increased the integrated particle yield by 25% after data unfolding. An iterative, analytical, space-resolved deconvolution of the RCF response functions from the measured dose was developed that does not rely on fitting. After the particle number unfold, three-dimensional interpolation is performed to determine the spatial proton beam distribution for proton energies in-between the RCF data points. Here, image morphing has been implemented as a novel interpolation method that takes into account the energy-dependent, changing beam topology. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Schollmeier, M.; Geissel, M.; Sefkow, A. B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Flippo, K. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Schollmeier, M (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RI Flippo, Kirk/C-6872-2009
OI Flippo, Kirk/0000-0002-4752-5141
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Sandia National
Laboratories; Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at
Los Alamos National Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy's National
Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors acknowledge B. W. Atherton and J. L. Porter for support. M.
S. thanks K. Harres, D. Kraus, F. Nurnberg, and M. Roth from TU
Darmstadt, Germany, R. Repnow and team at the Tandem accelerator at
Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany, for supporting
the LET measurements, as well as O. Deppert from TU Darmstadt for
accelerating the RCF response function particle tracking code. We
gratefully acknowledge clarifying comments and helpful hints by the
reviewer. Support provided by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Programs at Sandia National Laboratories and at Los Alamos
National Laboratory. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program
laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned
subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of
Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract No.
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 41
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U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 043305
DI 10.1063/1.4870895
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600014
PM 24784600
ER
PT J
AU Stone, MB
Niedziela, JL
Abernathy, DL
DeBeer-Schmitt, L
Ehlers, G
Garlea, O
Granroth, GE
Graves-Brook, M
Kolesnikov, AI
Podlesnyak, A
Winn, B
AF Stone, M. B.
Niedziela, J. L.
Abernathy, D. L.
DeBeer-Schmitt, L.
Ehlers, G.
Garlea, O.
Granroth, G. E.
Graves-Brook, M.
Kolesnikov, A. I.
Podlesnyak, A.
Winn, B.
TI A comparison of four direct geometry time-of-flight spectrometers at the
Spallation Neutron Source
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHOPPER SPECTROMETER
AB The Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory now hosts four direct geometry time-of-flight chopper spectrometers. These instruments cover a range of wave-vector and energy transfer space with varying degrees of neutron flux and resolution. The regions of reciprocal and energy space available to measure at these instruments are not exclusive and overlap significantly. We present a direct comparison of the capabilities of this instrumentation, conducted by data mining the instrument usage histories, and specific scanning regimes. In addition, one of the common science missions for these instruments is the study of magnetic excitations in condensed matter systems. We have measured the powder averaged spin wave spectra in one particular sample using each of these instruments, and use these data in our comparisons. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Stone, M. B.; Abernathy, D. L.; Ehlers, G.; Garlea, O.; Podlesnyak, A.; Winn, B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Niedziela, J. L.; DeBeer-Schmitt, L.; Graves-Brook, M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Instrument & Source Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Granroth, G. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Data Anal & Visualizat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kolesnikov, A. I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Stone, MB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RI Granroth, Garrett/G-3576-2012; Stone, Matthew/G-3275-2011; Abernathy,
Douglas/A-3038-2012; DeBeer-Schmitt, Lisa/I-3313-2015; Instrument,
CNCS/B-4599-2012; Ehlers, Georg/B-5412-2008; Kolesnikov,
Alexander/I-9015-2012; Podlesnyak, Andrey/A-5593-2013; Winn,
Barry/A-5065-2016; Garlea, Vasile/A-4994-2016; BL18, ARCS/A-3000-2012
OI Granroth, Garrett/0000-0002-7583-8778; Stone,
Matthew/0000-0001-7884-9715; Abernathy, Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X;
DeBeer-Schmitt, Lisa/0000-0001-9679-3444; Ehlers,
Georg/0000-0003-3513-508X; Kolesnikov, Alexander/0000-0003-1940-4649;
Podlesnyak, Andrey/0000-0001-9366-6319; Winn, Barry/0000-0001-6383-4318;
Garlea, Vasile/0000-0002-5322-7271;
FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy
FX The research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron
Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. D. L. Abernathy
thanks J. M. Carpenter for suggestions regarding the modified
Ikeda-Carpenter function described in the text.
NR 39
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U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 045113
DI 10.1063/1.4870050
PG 13
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600079
PM 24784665
ER
PT J
AU Sun, CJ
Zhang, BM
Brewe, DL
Chen, JS
Chow, GM
Venkatesan, T
Heald, SM
AF Sun, Cheng-Jun
Zhang, Bangmin
Brewe, Dale L.
Chen, Jing-Sheng
Chow, G. M.
Venkatesan, T.
Heald, Steve M.
TI Note: Application of a pixel-array area detector to simultaneous single
crystal x-ray diffraction and x-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID FINE-STRUCTURE; SCATTERING
AB X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) are two main x-ray techniques in synchrotron radiation facilities. In this Note, we present an experimental setup capable of performing simultaneous XRD and XAS measurements by the application of a pixel-array area detector. For XRD, the momentum transfer in specular diffraction was measured by scanning the X-ray energy with fixed incoming and outgoing x-ray angles. By selecting a small fixed region of the detector to collect the XRD signal, the rest of the area was available for collecting the x-ray fluorescence for XAS measurements. The simultaneous measurement of XRD and X-ray absorption near edge structure for Pr0.67Sr0.33MnO3 film was demonstrated as a proof of principle for future time-resolved pump-probe measurements. A static sample makes it easy to maintain an accurate overlap of the X-ray spot and laser pump beam. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Sun, Cheng-Jun; Zhang, Bangmin; Brewe, Dale L.; Heald, Steve M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Zhang, Bangmin; Chen, Jing-Sheng; Chow, G. M.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
[Zhang, Bangmin; Venkatesan, T.] Natl Univ Singapore, NUSNNI Nanocore, Singapore 117411, Singapore.
[Venkatesan, T.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, Singapore 117542, Singapore.
[Venkatesan, T.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
RP Sun, CJ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM cjsun@aps.anl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy - Basic Energy Sciences; NSERC; University of
Washington; Canadian Light Source; Advanced Photon Source; U.S. DOE
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Ministry of Education, Singapore
[R-284-000-107-112]; A*STAR [R-284-000-082-305]
FX PNC/XSD facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these
facilities, are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy - Basic
Energy Sciences, a Major Resources Support grant from NSERC, the
University of Washington, the Canadian Light Source, and the Advanced
Photon Source. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science
User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of
Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE
under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Work at National University of
Singapore is supported by Ministry of Education, Singapore under Grant
No. R-284-000-107-112, and A*STAR under Grant No. R-284-000-082-305.
G.M.C. also thanks the PNC/XSD facilities for his sabbatical support.
NR 18
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U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 046109
DI 10.1063/1.4871055
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600101
PM 24784687
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, CJ
Martin, PF
Chen, J
Benezeth, P
Schaef, HT
Rosso, KM
Felmy, AR
Loring, JS
AF Thompson, Christopher J.
Martin, Paul F.
Chen, Jeffrey
Benezeth, Pascale
Schaef, Herbert T.
Rosso, Kevin M.
Felmy, Andrew R.
Loring, John S.
TI Automated high-pressure titration system with in situ infrared
spectroscopic detection
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS; SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE;
CO2 SEQUESTRATION; BASE-LINE; MINERAL CARBONATION; MONTMORILLONITE;
FORSTERITE; WATER; SPECTROMETRY
AB A fully automated titration system with infrared detection was developed for investigating interfacial chemistry at high pressures. The apparatus consists of a high-pressure fluid generation and delivery system coupled to a high-pressure cell with infrared optics. A manifold of electronically actuated valves is used to direct pressurized fluids into the cell. Precise reagent additions to the pressurized cell are made with calibrated tubing loops that are filled with reagent and placed in-line with the cell and a syringe pump. The cell's infrared optics facilitate both transmission and attenuated total reflection (ATR) measurements to monitor bulk-fluid composition and solid-surface phenomena such as adsorption, desorption, complexation, dissolution, and precipitation. Switching between the two measurement modes is accomplished with moveable mirrors that direct the light path of a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer into the cell along transmission or ATR light paths. The versatility of the high-pressure IR titration system was demonstrated with three case studies. First, we titrated water into supercritical CO2 (scCO(2)) to generate an infrared calibration curve and determine the solubility of water in CO2 at 50 degrees C and 90 bar. Next, we characterized the partitioning of water between a montmorillonite clay and scCO(2) at 50 degrees C and 90 bar. Transmission-mode spectra were used to quantify changes in the clay's sorbed water concentration as a function of scCO(2) hydration, and ATR measurements provided insights into competitive residency of water and CO2 on the clay surface and in the interlayer. Finally, we demonstrated how time-dependent studies can be conducted with the system by monitoring the carbonation reaction of forsterite (Mg2SiO4) in water-bearing scCO(2) at 50 degrees C and 90 bar. Immediately after water dissolved in the scCO(2), a thin film of adsorbed water formed on the mineral surface, and the film thickness increased with time as the forsterite began to dissolve. However, after approximately 2.5 h, the trend reversed, and a carbonate precipitate began to form on the forsterite surface, exposing dramatic chemical changes in the thin-water film. Collectively, these applications illustrate how the high-pressure IR titration system can provide molecular-level information about the interactions between variably wet scCO(2) and minerals relevant to underground storage of CO2 (geologic carbon sequestration). The apparatus could also be utilized to study high-pressure interfacial chemistry in other areas such as catalysis, polymerization, food processing, and oil and gas recovery. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Thompson, Christopher J.; Martin, Paul F.; Chen, Jeffrey; Schaef, Herbert T.; Rosso, Kevin M.; Felmy, Andrew R.; Loring, John S.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Benezeth, Pascale] Univ Toulouse, CNRS, GET, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
RP Thompson, CJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM chris.thompson@pnnl.gov
RI BENEZETH, Pascale/H-7969-2014
OI BENEZETH, Pascale/0000-0002-1841-2383
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy; Geosciences
Research Program in the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences Biosciences;
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Carbon Sequestration Initiative;
DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research; DOE
[DE-AC06-76RLO-1830]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office
of Fossil Energy, and by the Geosciences Research Program in the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences. Development of the
instrumentation for this research was funded through Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory's Carbon Sequestration Initiative, which was part of
a Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program. Several of the
experiments were performed using EMSL, the Environmental Molecular
Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by
the DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research, and located
at PNNL. PNNL is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under
Contract No. DE-AC06-76RLO-1830.
NR 58
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 33
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 044102
DI 10.1063/1.4870411
PG 11
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600044
PM 24784630
ER
PT J
AU Trott, WM
Castaneda, JN
Cooper, MA
AF Trott, Wayne M.
Castaneda, Jaime N.
Cooper, Marcia A.
TI ADL ORVIS: An air-delay-leg, line-imaging optically recording velocity
interferometer system
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SHOCK-WAVE
AB An interferometry system that enables acquisition of spatially resolved velocity-time profiles with very high velocity sensitivity has been designed and applied to two diverse, instructive experimental problems: (1) measurement of low-amplitude reverberations in laser-driven flyer plates and (2) measurement of ramp-wave profiles in symmetric impact studies of fused silica. The delay leg in this version of a line-imaging optically recording velocity interferometer system (ORVIS) consists of a long air path that includes relay optics to transmit the optical signal through the interferometer cavity. Target image quality from the delay path at the image recombination plane is preserved by means of a compact and flexible optical design utilizing two parabolic reflectors (serving as the relay optics) in a folded path. With an instrument tuned to a velocity per fringe constant of 22.4 m s(-1) fringe(-1), differences of 1-2 m s(-1) across the probe line segment can be readily distinguished. Measurements that capture small spatial variations in flyer velocity are presented and briefly discussed. In the fused silica impact experiments, the ramp-wave profile observed by this air-delay instrument compares favorably to the profile recorded simultaneously by a conventional line-imaging ORVIS. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Trott, Wayne M.; Castaneda, Jaime N.; Cooper, Marcia A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Cooper, MA (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM macoope@sandia.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors thank Lloyd Bonzon, Leanna Minier, and operations personnel
at the Sandia National Laboratories Explosive Components Facility gas
gun for their help and cooperation in the execution of the experiments
described here. In particular, the excellent technical assistance of
John Liwski and Heidi Anderson is gratefully acknowledged. The authors
would like to thank Juan Romero and Cathy Sifford for their talented
assistance in preparation of the flyer/substrate fixtures. Sandia
National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated
by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin
Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Approved for
unlimited release, SAND2014-0171J.
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 045118
DI 10.1063/1.4871588
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600084
PM 24784670
ER
PT J
AU Volegov, P
Danly, CR
Fittinghoff, DN
Grim, GP
Guler, N
Izumi, N
Ma, T
Merrill, FE
Warrick, AL
Wilde, CH
Wilson, DC
AF Volegov, P.
Danly, C. R.
Fittinghoff, D. N.
Grim, G. P.
Guler, N.
Izumi, N.
Ma, T.
Merrill, F. E.
Warrick, A. L.
Wilde, C. H.
Wilson, D. C.
TI Neutron source reconstruction from pinhole imaging at National Ignition
Facility (vol 85, 023508, 2014)
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Volegov, P.; Danly, C. R.; Grim, G. P.; Guler, N.; Merrill, F. E.; Wilde, C. H.; Wilson, D. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Fittinghoff, D. N.; Izumi, N.; Ma, T.; Warrick, A. L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Volegov, P (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/J-8487-2016
OI IZUMI, Nobuhiko/0000-0003-1114-597X
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 049902
DI 10.1063/1.4871590
PG 1
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600108
ER
PT J
AU Webera, TE
Intrator, TP
AF Webera, T. E.
Intrator, T. P.
TI A compact fast ionization gauge for in situ measurement of high-density
neutral flow dynamics
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROGEN; TUNGSTEN
AB A compact ionization gauge has been developed to carry out in situ measurements of high density (10(20)-10(22) m(-3)) neutral gas flow dynamics with high temporal and spatial resolution. Key design aspects are discussed including gauge sensitivity and time response scaling with decreased probe dimensions, high-pressure operation, improved driver circuit bandwidth, and techniques for constructing a miniaturized probe head. Gas adsorption was discovered to significantly alter emission current and gauge sensitivity over timescales of several seconds. This effect must be taken into consideration when making time-resolved, high-density measurements. Over short timescales gauge response was predicted by scaling the sensitivity of a nominal Bayard-Alpert gauge to account for variations in probe dimensions and species-dependent ionization cross-section. Time-resolved neutral density profiles have been acquired in the Magnetized Shock Experiment at Los Alamos National Laboratory, providing data on the initial conditions of the ionization, plasmoid formation, and translation processes. It is shown that the desired density profiles can be achieved using a dynamic gas fill and that density can be scaled independently of the spatial profile. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Webera, T. E.; Intrator, T. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Webera, TE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM tweber@lanl.gov
FU Office of Fusion Energy Sciences; National Nuclear Security
Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25369]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the help of research assistants D.
Pulliam and T. M. Hutchinson. This work was supported by the Office of
Fusion Energy Sciences and National Nuclear Security Administration of
the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25369.
Approved for public release, LA-UR-14-21478.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 043501
DI 10.1063/1.4869873
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600015
PM 24784601
ER
PT J
AU Zappala, JC
Bailey, K
Lu, ZT
O'Connor, TP
Jiang, W
AF Zappala, J. C.
Bailey, K.
Lu, Z-T
O'Connor, T. P.
Jiang, W.
TI Note: Efficient generation of optical sidebands at GHz with a high-power
tapered amplifier
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROWAVE MODULATION; DIODE-LASER
AB Two methods using a laser-diode tapered amplifier to produce high-power, high-efficiency optical frequency sidebands over a wide tunable frequency range are studied and compared. For a total output of 500 mW at 811 nm, 20% of the power can be placed in each of the first-order sidebands. Functionality and characterization are presented within the sideband frequency region of 0.8-2.3 GHz, and it is shown that both methods can be applied beyond this frequency range. These methods provide a versatile and effective tool for atomic physics experiments. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Zappala, J. C.; Bailey, K.; Lu, Z-T; O'Connor, T. P.; Jiang, W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Zappala, J. C.; Lu, Z-T] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Zappala, J. C.; Lu, Z-T] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Jiang, W (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM wjiang@phy.anl.gov
RI Jiang, Wei/E-5582-2011
FU Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics [DEAC02-06CH11357]
FX We thank P. Mueller for many helpful discussions. This work is supported
by Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No.
DEAC02-06CH11357.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
AR 046104
DI 10.1063/1.4870412
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AH1ZN
UT WOS:000335920600096
PM 24784682
ER
PT J
AU Vorpahl, F
Strobel, M
Jonkman, JM
Larsen, TJ
Passon, P
Nichols, J
AF Vorpahl, Fabian
Strobel, Michael
Jonkman, Jason M.
Larsen, Torben J.
Passon, Patrik
Nichols, James
TI Verification of aero-elastic offshore wind turbine design codes under
IEA Wind Task XXIII
SO WIND ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE offshore wind turbine; aero-servo-hydro-elastic analysis; code
verification; monopile; tripod; floating spar buoy
ID WAVES; MODEL
AB This work presents the results of a benchmark study on aero-servo-hydro-elastic codes for offshore wind turbine dynamic simulation. The codes verified herein account for the coupled dynamic systems including the wind inflow, aerodynamics, elasticity and controls of the turbine, along with the incident waves, sea current, hydrodynamics and foundation dynamics of the support structure.A large set of time series simulation results such as turbine operational characteristics, external conditions, and load and displacement outputs was compared and interpreted. Load cases were defined and run with increasing complexity to trace back differences in simulation results to the underlying error sources. This led to a deeper understanding of the underlying physical systems. In four subsequent phasesdealing with a 5-MW turbine on a monopile with a fixed foundation, a monopile with a flexible foundation, a tripod and a floating spar buoythe latest support structure developments in the offshore wind energy industry are covered, and an adaptation of the codes to those developments was initiated.The comparisons, in general, agreed quite well. Differences existed among the predictions were traced back to differences in the model fidelity, aerodynamic implementation, hydrodynamic load discretization and numerical difficulties within the codes. The comparisons resulted in a more thorough understanding of the modeling techniques and better knowledge of when various approximations are not valid. More importantly, the lessons learned from this exercise have been used to further develop and improve the codes of the participants and increase the confidence in the codes' accuracy and the correctness of the results, hence improving the standard of offshore wind turbine modeling and simulation.One purpose of this paper is to summarize the lessons learned and present results that code developers can compare to. The set of benchmark load cases defined and simulated during the course of this projectthe raw data for this paperis available to the offshore wind turbine simulation community and is already being used for testing newly developed software tools. Despite that no measurements are included, the large number of participants and thein generalvery fine level of agreement indicate high trustworthy results within the physical assumptions of the codes and the simulation cases chosen. Other cases, such as large prebend flexible blades, large wind shear, large yaw error or transient maneuvers, may not show the same level of agreement. These cases were deliberately left out because the focus is on the specific offshore application. Further on, this benchmark study includes participating codes and organizations by name (contrary to several previous benchmark studies) that gives the reader a chance to find results from one particular code of interest.Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Vorpahl, Fabian; Strobel, Michael] Fraunhofer Inst Wind Energy & Energy Syst Technol, D-27572 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Jonkman, Jason M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
[Larsen, Torben J.] Riso DTU Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, Roskilde, Denmark.
[Passon, Patrik] Ramboll Wind Energy, Esbjerg, Denmark.
[Nichols, James] GL Garrad Hassan, Bristol, Avon, England.
RP Vorpahl, F (reprint author), Fraunhofer Inst Wind Energy & Energy Syst Technol, Seedeich 45, D-27572 Bremerhaven, Germany.
EM fabian.vorpahl@fraunhofer.iwes.de
RI Larsen, Torben/C-7104-2011
OI Larsen, Torben/0000-0001-6741-5057
NR 41
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1095-4244
EI 1099-1824
J9 WIND ENERGY
JI Wind Energy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 4
BP 519
EP 547
DI 10.1002/we.1588
PG 29
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AD1ZF
UT WOS:000333031500002
ER
PT J
AU Crawford, TM
Schaffer, KK
Bhattacharya, S
Aird, KA
Benson, BA
Bleem, LE
Carlstrom, JE
Chang, CL
Cho, HM
Crites, AT
de Haan, T
Dobbs, MA
Dudley, J
George, EM
Halverson, NW
Holder, GP
Holzapfel, WL
Hoover, S
Hou, Z
Hrubes, JD
Keisler, R
Knox, L
Lee, AT
Leitch, EM
Lueker, M
Luong-Van, D
McMahon, JJ
Mehl, J
Meyer, SS
Millea, M
Mocanu, LM
Mohr, JJ
Montroy, TE
Padin, S
Plagge, T
Pryke, C
Reichardt, CL
Ruhl, JE
Sayre, JT
Shaw, L
Shirokoff, E
Spieler, HG
Staniszewski, Z
Stark, AA
Story, KT
van Engelen, A
Vanderlinde, K
Vieira, JD
Williamson, R
Zahn, O
AF Crawford, T. M.
Schaffer, K. K.
Bhattacharya, S.
Aird, K. A.
Benson, B. A.
Bleem, L. E.
Carlstrom, J. E.
Chang, C. L.
Cho, H-M.
Crites, A. T.
de Haan, T.
Dobbs, M. A.
Dudley, J.
George, E. M.
Halverson, N. W.
Holder, G. P.
Holzapfel, W. L.
Hoover, S.
Hou, Z.
Hrubes, J. D.
Keisler, R.
Knox, L.
Lee, A. T.
Leitch, E. M.
Lueker, M.
Luong-Van, D.
McMahon, J. J.
Mehl, J.
Meyer, S. S.
Millea, M.
Mocanu, L. M.
Mohr, J. J.
Montroy, T. E.
Padin, S.
Plagge, T.
Pryke, C.
Reichardt, C. L.
Ruhl, J. E.
Sayre, J. T.
Shaw, L.
Shirokoff, E.
Spieler, H. G.
Staniszewski, Z.
Stark, A. A.
Story, K. T.
van Engelen, A.
Vanderlinde, K.
Vieira, J. D.
Williamson, R.
Zahn, O.
TI A MEASUREMENT OF THE SECONDARY-CMB AND MILLIMETER-WAVE-FOREGROUND
BISPECTRUM USING 800 deg(2) OF SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE DATA
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmic background radiation; cosmology: observations; methods: data
analysis
ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; ATACAMA
COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE; ZELDOVICH POWER SPECTRUM; SPT-SZ SURVEY;
STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; NUMBER COUNTS; IMPROVED
CONSTRAINTS; PRESSURE PROFILES
AB We present a measurement of the angular bispectrum of the millimeter-wave sky in observing bands centered at roughly 95, 150, and 220 GHz, on angular scales of 1' less than or similar to theta less than or similar to 10' (multipole number 1000 less than or similar to l less than or similar to 10,000). At these frequencies and angular scales, the main contributions to the bispectrum are expected to be the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect and emission from extragalactic sources, predominantly dusty, star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) and active galactic nuclei. We measure the bispectrum in 800 deg(2) of three-band South Pole Telescope data, and we use a multi-frequency fitting procedure to separate the bispectrum of the tSZ effect from the extragalactic source contribution. We simultaneously detect the bispectrum of the tSZ effect at > 10 sigma, the unclustered component of the extragalactic source bispectrum at > 5 sigma in each frequency band, and the bispectrum due to the clustering of DSFGs-i.e., the clustered cosmic infrared background (CIB) bispectrum-at > 5 sigma. This is the first reported detection of the clustered CIB bispectrum. We use the measured tSZ bispectrum amplitude, compared to model predictions, to constrain the normalization of the matter power spectrum to be s sigma = 0.787 +/- 0.031 and to predict the amplitude of the tSZ power spectrum at l = 3000. This prediction improves our ability to separate the thermal and kinematic contributions to the total SZ power spectrum. The addition of bispectrum data improves our constraint on the tSZ power spectrum amplitude by a factor of two compared to power spectrum measurements alone and demonstrates a preference for a nonzero kinematic SZ ( kSZ) power spectrum, with a derived constraint on the kSZ amplitude at l = 3000 of A(kSZ) = 2.9 +/- 1.6 mu K-2, or A(kSZ) = 2.6 +/- 1.8 mu K-2 if the default AkSZ > 0 prior is removed.
C1 [Crawford, T. M.; Schaffer, K. K.; Bhattacharya, S.; Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crites, A. T.; Hoover, S.; Keisler, R.; Leitch, E. M.; Mehl, J.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L. M.; Padin, S.; Plagge, T.; Story, K. T.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Crawford, T. M.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Crites, A. T.; Leitch, E. M.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L. M.; Padin, S.; Plagge, T.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Schaffer, K. K.; Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Meyer, S. S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Schaffer, K. K.] Sch Art Inst Chicago, Liberal Arts Dept, Chicago, IL 60603 USA.
[Bhattacharya, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Aird, K. A.; Hrubes, J. D.; Luong-Van, D.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Hoover, S.; Keisler, R.; Meyer, S. S.; Story, K. T.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Mehl, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Cho, H-M.] NIST Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[de Haan, T.; Dobbs, M. A.; Dudley, J.; Holder, G. P.; Shaw, L.; van Engelen, A.; Vanderlinde, K.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[George, E. M.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Lee, A. T.; Reichardt, C. L.; Shirokoff, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hou, Z.; Knox, L.; Millea, M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Lee, A. T.; Spieler, H. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lueker, M.; Padin, S.; Vieira, J. D.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[McMahon, J. J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Mohr, J. J.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany.
[Mohr, J. J.] Excellence Cluster Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Mohr, J. J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Montroy, T. E.; Ruhl, J. E.; Sayre, J. T.; Staniszewski, Z.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Educ & Res Cosmol & Astrophys, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Stark, A. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Crawford, TM (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM tcrawfor@kicp.uchicago.edu
RI Williamson, Ross/H-1734-2015; Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015;
OI Williamson, Ross/0000-0002-6945-2975; Aird, Kenneth/0000-0003-1441-9518;
Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; Stark,
Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996
FU National Science Foundation [ANT-0638937]; NSF [PHY-1125897,
AST-1009811, 0709498]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada; Canada Research Chairs program; Canadian Institute for Advanced
Research; NASA Hubble Fellowship [HF-51275.01]; KICP Fellowship; Alfred
P. Sloan Research Fellowship; BCCP fellowship; Office of Science of the
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; University of Chicago
Computing-Cooperative (UC3); Open Science Grid, NSF [PHY-1148698]; NASA
Office of Space Science; [AST-1009012]
FX The SPT is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant
ANT-0638937, with partial support provided by NSF grant PHY-1125897, the
Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The McGill
group acknowledges funding from the National Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada, Canada Research Chairs program, and the
Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. Work at Harvard is supported
by grant AST-1009012. S. Bhattacharya acknowledges support from NSF
grant AST-1009811, R. Keisler from NASA Hubble Fellowship grant
HF-51275.01, B. Benson from a KICP Fellowship, M. Dobbs from an Alfred
P. Sloan Research Fellowship, O. Zahn from a BCCP fellowship, and L.
Knox and M. Millea from NSF grant 0709498.; Some of the results in this
paper have been derived using the HEALPix (Gorski et al. 2005) package.
This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific
Computing Center (NERSC), which is supported by the Office of Science of
the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and
resources of the University of Chicago Computing-Cooperative (UC3),
supported in part by the Open Science Grid, NSF grant PHY-1148698. We
acknowledge the use of the Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data
Analysis (LAMBDA). Support for LAMBDA is provided by the NASA Office of
Space Science.
NR 88
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 784
IS 2
AR 143
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/784/2/143
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AG6HJ
UT WOS:000335519400058
ER
PT J
AU Fuselier, SA
Allegrini, F
Bzowski, M
Dayeh, MA
Desai, M
Funsten, HO
Galli, A
Heirtzler, D
Janzen, P
Kubiak, MA
Kucharek, H
Lewis, W
Livadiotis, G
McComas, DJ
Mobius, E
Petrinec, SM
Quinn, M
Schwadron, N
Sokol, JM
Trattner, KJ
Wood, BE
Wurz, P
AF Fuselier, S. A.
Allegrini, F.
Bzowski, M.
Dayeh, M. A.
Desai, M.
Funsten, H. O.
Galli, A.
Heirtzler, D.
Janzen, P.
Kubiak, M. A.
Kucharek, H.
Lewis, W.
Livadiotis, G.
McComas, D. J.
Moebius, E.
Petrinec, S. M.
Quinn, M.
Schwadron, N.
Sokol, J. M.
Trattner, K. J.
Wood, B. E.
Wurz, P.
TI LOW ENERGY NEUTRAL ATOMS FROM THE HELIOSHEATH
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM: atoms; plasmas; solar wind; Sun: heliosphere
ID INTERSTELLAR-BOUNDARY-EXPLORER; PICK-UP IONS; INNER HELIOSHEATH;
SOLAR-WIND; TERMINATION SHOCK; ALPHA ABSORPTION; IBEX RIBBON; VOYAGER 1;
IN-SITU; PLASMA
AB In the heliosheath beyond the termination shock, low energy (< 0.5 keV) neutral atoms are created by charge exchange with interstellar neutrals. Detecting these neutrals from Earth's orbit is difficult because their flux is reduced substantially by ionization losses as they propagate from about 100 to 1 AU and because there are a variety of other signals and backgrounds that compete with this weak signal. Observations from IBEX-Lo and -Hi from two opposing vantage points in Earth's orbit established a lower energy limit of about 0.1 keV on measurements of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) from the heliosphere and the form of the energy spectrum from about 0.1 to 6 keV in two directions in the sky. Below 0.1 keV, the detailed ENA spectrum is not known, and IBEX provides only upper limits on the fluxes. However, using some assumptions and taking constraints on the spectrum into account, we find indications that the spectrum turns over at an energy between 0.1 and 0.2 keV.
C1 [Fuselier, S. A.; Allegrini, F.; Dayeh, M. A.; Desai, M.; Lewis, W.; Livadiotis, G.; McComas, D. J.] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA.
[Fuselier, S. A.; Allegrini, F.; Desai, M.; McComas, D. J.] Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
[Bzowski, M.; Kubiak, M. A.; Sokol, J. M.] Polish Acad Sci, Space Res Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
[Funsten, H. O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Galli, A.; Wurz, P.] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Heirtzler, D.; Kucharek, H.; Moebius, E.; Quinn, M.; Schwadron, N.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Janzen, P.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Petrinec, S. M.; Trattner, K. J.] Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
[Wood, B. E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Fuselier, SA (reprint author), SW Res Inst, 6220 Culebra Rd, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA.
EM sfuselier@swri.edu; fallegrini@swri.edu; bzowski@cbk.waw.pl;
maldayeh@swri.org; mdesai@swri.edu; hfunsten@lanl.gov;
andre.galli@space.unibe.ch; dheirtzl@atlas.sr.unh.edu;
paul.janzen@umontana.edu; mkubiak@cbk.waw.pl; harald.kucharek@unh.edu;
wlewis@swri.edu; george.livadiotis@swri.org; dmccomas@swri.edu;
eberhard.moebius@unh.edu; steven.m.petrinec@lmco.com; marty@drsri.com;
n.schwadron@unh.edu; jsokol@cbk.waw.pl;
karlheinz.trattner@lasp.colorado.edu; brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil;
peter.wurz@space.unibe.ch
RI Funsten, Herbert/A-5702-2015; Sokol, Justyna/K-2892-2015;
OI Funsten, Herbert/0000-0002-6817-1039; Moebius,
Eberhard/0000-0002-2745-6978
FU NASA's Explorer program; Polish National Science Center
[2012-06-M-ST9-00455]
FX Support for this study comes from NASA's Explorer program. IBEX is the
result of efforts from a large number of scientists, engineers, and
others. All who contributed to this mission share in its success. Solar
wind data used to determine the IMF conditions, and the choice of lobe
intervals in this study are from the ACE spacecraft solar wind monitors
(PIs: D. McComas and E. Smith) via the CDAWeb. The authors from SRC PAS
were supported by grant 2012-06-M-ST9-00455 from the Polish National
Science Center.
NR 56
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 11
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 784
IS 2
AR 89
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/784/2/89
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AG6HJ
UT WOS:000335519400004
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, BM
AF Johnson, Bryan M.
TI ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN TURBULENCE AND A PLANAR RAREFACTION
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; intergalactic medium; ISM:
general; turbulence
ID RICHTMYER-MESHKOV INSTABILITY; SHOCK-WAVE; ENTROPY FLUCTUATIONS;
CONTRACTING STREAM; GALAXY CLUSTERS; FLOWS; SIMULATIONS; DESTRUCTION;
DISTORTION; CLOUDS
AB The modeling of turbulence, whether it be numerical or analytical, is a difficult challenge. Turbulence is amenable to analysis with linear theory if it is subject to rapid distortions, i.e., motions occurring on a timescale that is short compared to the timescale for nonlinear interactions. Such an approach (referred to as rapid distortion theory) could prove useful for understanding aspects of astrophysical turbulence, which is often subject to rapid distortions, such as supernova explosions or the free-fall associated with gravitational instability. As a proof of principle, a particularly simple problem is considered here: the evolution of vorticity due to a planar rarefaction in an ideal gas. Analytical solutions are obtained for incompressive modes having a wave vector perpendicular to the distortion; as in the case of gradient-driven instabilities, these are the modes that couple most strongly to the mean flow. Vorticity can either grow or decay in the wake of a rarefaction front, and there are two competing effects that determine which outcome occurs: entropy fluctuations couple to the mean pressure gradient to produce vorticity via baroclinic effects, whereas vorticity is damped due to the conservation of angular momentum as the fluid expands. Whether vorticity grows or decays depends upon the ratio of entropic to vortical fluctuations at the location of the front; growth occurs if this ratio is of order unity or larger. In the limit of purely entropic fluctuations in the ambient fluid, a strong rarefaction generates vorticity with a turbulent Mach number on the order of the rms of the ambient entropy fluctuations. The analytical results are shown to compare well with results from two- and three-dimensional numerical simulations. Analytical solutions are also derived in the linear regime of Reynolds-averaged turbulence models. This highlights an inconsistency in standard turbulence models that prevents them from accurately capturing the physics of rarefaction-turbulence interaction. In addition to providing physical insight, the solutions derived here can be used to verify algorithms of both the Reynolds-averaged and direct numerical simulation variety. Finally, dimensional analysis of the equations indicates that rapid distortion of turbulence can give rise to two distinct regimes in the turbulent spectrum: a distortion range at large scales where linear distortion effects dominate, and an inertial range at small scales where nonlinear effects dominate.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Johnson, BM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
FU Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, (LLNS) [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX I thank Oleg Schilling and Matthew Kunz for their comments, and the
referee for several helpful suggestions that greatly improved the
manuscript. This work was performed under the auspices of Lawrence
Livermore National Security, LLC, (LLNS) under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 784
IS 2
AR 117
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/784/2/117
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AG6HJ
UT WOS:000335519400032
ER
PT J
AU Xue, XX
Ma, ZB
Rix, HW
Morrison, HL
Harding, P
Beers, TC
Ivans, II
Jacobson, HR
Johnson, J
Lee, YS
Lucatello, S
Rockosi, CM
Sobeck, JS
Yanny, B
Zhao, G
Prieto, CA
AF Xue, Xiang-Xiang
Ma, Zhibo
Rix, Hans-Walter
Morrison, Heather L.
Harding, Paul
Beers, Timothy C.
Ivans, Inese I.
Jacobson, Heather R.
Johnson, Jennifer
Lee, Young Sun
Lucatello, Sara
Rockosi, Constance M.
Sobeck, Jennifer S.
Yanny, Brian
Zhao, Gang
Prieto, Carlos Allende
TI THE SEGUE K GIANT SURVEY. II. A CATALOG OF DISTANCE DETERMINATIONS FOR
THE SEGUE K GIANTS IN THE GALACTIC HALO
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: individual (Milky Way); Galaxy: halo; stars: distances; stars:
individual (K giants)
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; GLOBULAR-CLUSTER M92; WAY STELLAR HALO; MILKY-WAY;
PROPER MOTIONS; SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; ELEMENT ABUNDANCES; CCD
PHOTOMETRY; DATA RELEASE; FIELD STARS
AB We present an online catalog of distance determinations for 6036 K giants, most of which are members of the Milky Way's stellar halo. Their medium-resolution spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey/Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration are used to derive metallicities and rough gravity estimates, along with radial velocities. Distance moduli are derived from a comparison of each star's apparent magnitude with the absolute magnitude of empirically calibrated color-luminosity fiducials, at the observed (g - r)(0) color and spectroscopic [Fe/H]. We employ a probabilistic approach that makes it straightforward to properly propagate the errors in metallicities, magnitudes, and colors into distance uncertainties. We also fold in prior information about the giant-branch luminosity function and the different metallicity distributions of the SEGUE K-giant targeting sub-categories. We show that the metallicity prior plays a small role in the distance estimates, but that neglecting the luminosity prior could lead to a systematic distance modulus bias of up to 0.25 mag, compared to the case of using the luminosity prior. We find a median distance precision of 16%, with distance estimates most precise for the least metal-poor stars near the tip of the red giant branch. The precision and accuracy of our distance estimates are validated with observations of globular and open clusters. The stars in our catalog are up to 125 kpc from the Galactic center, with 283 stars beyond 50 kpc, forming the largest available spectroscopic sample of distant tracers in the Galactic halo.
C1 [Xue, Xiang-Xiang; Rix, Hans-Walter] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Xue, Xiang-Xiang; Zhao, Gang] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Key Lab Opt Astron, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.
[Ma, Zhibo; Morrison, Heather L.; Harding, Paul] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Astron, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Beers, Timothy C.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Beers, Timothy C.] Univ Notre Dame, JINA, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Ivans, Inese I.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Jacobson, Heather R.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
[Jacobson, Heather R.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Johnson, Jennifer] 4055 McPherson Lab, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Johnson, Jennifer] Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Lee, Young Sun] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Lucatello, Sara] Osserv Astron Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
[Rockosi, Constance M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Sobeck, Jennifer S.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Lab Lagrange UMR7293, CNRS, Observ Cote Azur, F-06304 Nice 04, France.
[Sobeck, Jennifer S.] Univ Chicago, JINA, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Sobeck, Jennifer S.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Yanny, Brian] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Prieto, Carlos Allende] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38205 Tenerife, Spain.
[Prieto, Carlos Allende] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain.
RP Xue, XX (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
FU MaxPlanck-Institute forAstronomy; National Natural Science Foundation of
China [11103031, 11233004, 11390371, 11003017]; DFG's [SFB881]; NSF
[AST- 0098435]; U.S. National Science Foundation; National Science
Foundation [AST- 0901919]
FX This work was made possible by the support of the MaxPlanck-Institute
forAstronomy; by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under
grant Nos. 11103031, 11233004, 11390371, and 11003017; and by the Young
Researcher Grant of National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy
of Sciences. This paper was partially supported by the DFG's SFB881
grant " The Milky Way System."; X.- X. X. acknowledges the Alexandra Von
Humboldt foundation for a fellowship.; H. L. M. acknowledges funding of
this work from NSF grant AST- 0098435.; Y. S. L. and T. C. B.
acknowledge partial support of this work from grants PHY 02- 16783 and
PHY 08- 22648: Physics Frontier Center/Joint Institute for Nuclear
Astrophysics ( JINA), awarded by the U.S. National Science Foundation.;
H. R. J. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under
award number AST- 0901919.; J. J. acknowledges NSF grants AST- 0807997
and AST- 0707948.; S. L.' s reasearch is partially supported by the INAF
PRIN grant " Multiple populations in Globular Clusters: their role in
the Galaxy assembly."
NR 58
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 784
IS 2
AR 170
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/784/2/170
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AG6HJ
UT WOS:000335519400085
ER
PT J
AU Yan, SA
Tang, MH
Zhao, W
Guo, HX
Zhang, WL
Xu, XY
Wang, XD
Ding, H
Chen, JW
Li, Z
Zhou, YC
AF Yan Shao-An
Tang Ming-Hua
Zhao Wen
Guo Hong-Xia
Zhang Wan-Li
Xu Xin-Yu
Wang Xu-Dong
Ding Hao
Chen Jian-Wei
Li Zheng
Zhou Yi-Chun
TI Single event effect in a ferroelectric-gate field-effect transistor
under heavy-ion irradiation
SO CHINESE PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article
DE single event effect; heavy ion irradiation; charge collection;
ferroelectric memory; FeFET
ID BIPOLAR AMPLIFICATION
AB The single event effect in ferroelectric-gate field-effect transistor (FeFET) under heavy ion irradiation is investigated in this paper. The simulation results show that the transient responses are much lower in a FeFET than in a conventional metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) when the ion strikes the channel. The main reason is that the polarization-induced charges (the polarization direction here is away from the silicon surface) bring a negative surface potential which will affect the distribution of carriers and charge collection in different electrodes significantly. The simulation results are expected to explain that the FeFET has a relatively good immunity to single event effect.
C1 [Yan Shao-An; Tang Ming-Hua; Zhang Wan-Li; Xu Xin-Yu; Wang Xu-Dong; Ding Hao; Chen Jian-Wei; Zhou Yi-Chun] Xiangtan Univ, Key Lab Low Dimens Mat & Applicat Technol, Minist Educ, Xiangtan 411105, Peoples R China.
[Zhao Wen; Guo Hong-Xia] Northwest Inst Nucl Technol, Xian 710024, Peoples R China.
[Li Zheng] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Yan, SA (reprint author), Xiangtan Univ, Key Lab Low Dimens Mat & Applicat Technol, Minist Educ, Xiangtan 411105, Peoples R China.
EM yanshaoan@126.com; mhtang@xtu.edu.cn
FU Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
[11032010]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [51072171,
61274107, 61176093, 11275163]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and
Innovative Research Team in University, China [IRT1080]; 973 Program,
China [2012CB326404]; Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hunan
Province, China [13JJ2023]; Key Project of Scientific Research Fund of
Education Department of Hunan Province, China [12A129]; Innovation
Foundation of Hunan Province of China for Postgraduate, China
[CX2013B261]; Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China
[20104301110001]; Aid Program for Science and Technology Innovative
Research Team in Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Province,
China
FX Project supported by the Key Project of the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant No. 11032010), the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51072171, 61274107, 61176093, and
11275163), the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research
Team in University, China (Grant No. IRT1080), the 973 Program, China
(Grant No. 2012CB326404), the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation
of Hunan Province, China (Grant No. 13JJ2023), the Key Project of
Scientific Research Fund of Education Department of Hunan Province,
China (Grant No. 12A129), the Innovation Foundation of Hunan Province of
China for Postgraduate, China (Grant No. CX2013B261), the Doctoral
Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20104301110001), and the
Aid Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in
Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Province, China.
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1674-1056
EI 1741-4199
J9 CHINESE PHYS B
JI Chin. Phys. B
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 4
AR 046104
DI 10.1088/1674-1056/23/4/046104
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AG8CL
UT WOS:000335646200056
ER
PT J
AU Hong, MQ
Wang, YQ
Ren, F
Zhang, HX
Fu, DJ
Yang, B
Xiao, XH
Jiang, CZ
AF Hong, Mengqing
Wang, Yongqiang
Ren, Feng
Zhang, Hongxiu
Fu, Dejun
Yang, Bing
Xiao, Xiangheng
Jiang, Changzhong
TI Helium release and amorphization resistance in ion irradiated
nanochannel films
SO EPL
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMA-FACING COMPONENTS; STRUCTURAL-MATERIALS; FUSION; REACTORS
AB Volumetric swelling, surface blistering, exfoliation and embrittlement partially induced by the aggregation of gas bubbles are serious problems for materials in nuclear reactors. This letter demonstrates that the "vein-like" nanochannel films possess greater He management capability and radiation tolerance. For a given fluence, the He bubble size in the nanochannel film decreases with increasing the nanochannel density. For a given nanochannel density, the bubble size increases with increasing fluence initially but levels off to a maximum value of 0.8nm after the ion fluence reaches 2 x 10(17) ions/cm(2), corresponding to He release ratio of 79% in the irradiated CrN RT films. The abundant surfaces in the nanochannel films are perfect defect sinks and thereby large sized He bubbles and supersaturated defects are less likely to be developed in these high radiation tolerant materials. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2014
C1 [Hong, Mengqing; Ren, Feng; Zhang, Hongxiu; Fu, Dejun; Xiao, Xiangheng; Jiang, Changzhong] Wuhan Univ, Sch Phys & Technol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
[Hong, Mengqing; Ren, Feng; Zhang, Hongxiu; Fu, Dejun; Xiao, Xiangheng; Jiang, Changzhong] Wuhan Univ, Ctr Ion Beam Applicat, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Yongqiang] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Yang, Bing] Wuhan Univ, Sch Power & Mech Engn, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
RP Ren, F (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Sch Phys & Technol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
EM fren@whu.edu.cn
RI Fu, Dejun/O-4080-2014; Ren, Feng/F-9778-2014; Jiang,
Changzhong/O-6273-2014;
OI Ren, Feng/0000-0002-9557-5995; xiao, xiangheng/0000-0001-9111-1619
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [11175133, 91026014]; Foundations
from Chinese Ministry of Education [20110141130004, 311002,
NCET-13-0438]; Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation
[2012FFLambda042]
FX The authors acknowledge the Natural Science Foundation of China
(11175133, 91026014), the Foundations from Chinese Ministry of Education
(20110141130004, 311002, NCET-13-0438), Hubei Provincial Natural Science
Foundation (2012FF Lambda 042) for financial support. We thank Prof. M.
DEMKOWICZ of MIT for fruitful discussions. YQW acknowledges the partial
support from the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a DOE
nanoscience user facility, jointly operated by Los Alamos and Sandia
National Laboratories.
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 22
PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI MULHOUSE
PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
EI 1286-4854
J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT
JI EPL
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 106
IS 1
AR 12001
DI 10.1209/0295-5075/106/12001
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AG8GR
UT WOS:000335657300004
ER
PT J
AU Cecil, J
Jones, J
AF Cecil, J.
Jones, James
TI VREM: An advanced virtual environment for micro assembly
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Micro assembly; Virtual reality environments; Cyber frameworks
ID DEVICES; SYSTEM
AB Micro assembly involves the assembly of micron-sized devices. Given the complexity of this domain, the role of virtual environments becomes important as they provide a basis to propose and compare assembly alternatives virtually prior to physical assembly. This paper proposes an integrated approach which includes the use of virtual reality-based assembly environments that interface with physical micro assembly environments. Such an approach can be an intrinsic part of a collaborative manufacturing framework that seeks to support the rapid assembly of micro devices. In this paper, the design of VREM (Virtual Reality based Environment for Micro Assembly) is discussed which is based on this integrated approach involving use of virtual and physical resources.
C1 [Cecil, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Informat Centr Engn, Sch Ind Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Jones, James] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Cecil, J (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Ctr Informat Centr Engn, Sch Ind Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM j.cecil@okstate.edu
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0965153, 0951421, 1032359, 1256431];
Sandia National Laboratories; Los Alamos National Laboratory; Oklahoma
State University (OSU) from the Office of Provost at OSU
FX This research work was supported through grants from the National
Science Foundation (NSF Grants 0965153, 0951421, 1032359, and 1256431),
Sandia National Laboratories and Los Alamos National Laboratory. Other
grants were provided by Oklahoma State University (OSU) including an
Interdisciplinary Grants program from the Office of Provost at OSU.
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 18
PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
J9 INT J ADV MANUF TECH
JI Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 72
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 47
EP 56
DI 10.1007/s00170-014-5618-9
PG 10
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA AG9LG
UT WOS:000335740100007
ER
PT J
AU Verba, C
O'Connor, W
Rush, G
Palandri, J
Reed, M
Ideker, J
AF Verba, Circe
O'Connor, William
Rush, Gilbert
Palandri, James
Reed, Mark
Ideker, Jason
TI Geochemical alteration of simulated wellbores of CO2 injection sites
within the Illinois and Pasco Basins
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Basalt; Sandstone; Class H Portland cement; CO2 sequestration
ID GEOLOGIC SEQUESTRATION CONDITIONS; PARTIAL MOLAL PROPERTIES; COLUMBIA
RIVER BASALT; CARBON-DIOXIDE; WELL CEMENT; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES;
HIGH-PRESSURES; DEGRADATION; STANDARD; GASES
AB Geologic carbon sequestration is being considered in target basalt and sandstone formations. The chemical effects of CO2 exposure on the interface between Class H Portland cement paste and Grande Ronde Columbia River basalt, or between cement paste and Mt. Simon sandstone, has been examined at a microstructural level. This bonding interface is a potential leakage pathway for CO2 along a wellbore. The salinities of the formation solutions, basaltic Pasco Basin formation water (0.013 M), whereas the sandstone Illinois Basin brine (1.28 M), play a large role in CO2 solubility and cement alteration. Experimental cement-rock-fluid charges were held at 35 degrees C and Pco(2), = 10 MPa for up to 84 days, conditions under which the fluids are CO2-saturated. The basalt-cement experiment had similar to 1 mm alteration at the interface and high levels of alteration of the cement paste exterior. The sandstone sample displayed less alteration at the cement paste interface. Geochemical modeling conducted with CHIM-XPT calculated the pH of the Pasco brine solution (basalt only) to be 12.23 with 50 g of CO2 (104 bar) and 161 g (306 bar). The pH of the Pasco solution (cement + basalt) started with at 11.82 and ended at 4.52 after 136g of CO2(g) dissolved in solution, resulting in the precipitation of magnesite, calcite, and siderite. The basalt has high capacity to convert CO2 into minerals. The Illinois Basin brine containing Mt. Simon sandstone and cement paste never exceeded a pH of 5.8, had an estimated 139 g of CO2 with high capacity to store aqueous and brine-saturated CO2 and a lower risk of alteration to hardened cement paste. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Verba, Circe; O'Connor, William; Rush, Gilbert] US DOE, Natl Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
[Verba, Circe; Palandri, James; Reed, Mark] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Ideker, Jason] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97311 USA.
RP Verba, C (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
EM Circe.Verba@netl.doe.gov; bcoregon@msn.com; hen3ry@smt-net.com;
palandri@uoregon.edu; mhreed@uoregon.edu; ideker@oregonstate.edu
FU U.S. DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the Carbon Sequestration Program of the U.S.
DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory. Special thanks to the NETL
Seal Integrity team, Barbara Kutchko, Paul Danielson, Corinne Disenhof,
Athena Lieuallen, and the reviewers for contributions. This report was
prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United
Sates Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency
thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or
implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the
accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus,
product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not
infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific
commercial product, process or service by trade name, trademark,
manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its
endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government
or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed
herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States
Government or any agency thereof.
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-5836
EI 1878-0148
J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON
JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
BP 119
EP 134
DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2014.01.015
PG 16
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering,
Environmental
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AG7VU
UT WOS:000335627700013
ER
PT J
AU Mackaman-Lofland, C
Brand, BD
Taddeucci, J
Wohletz, K
AF Mackaman-Lofland, Chelsea
Brand, Brittany D.
Taddeucci, Jacopo
Wohletz, Kenneth
TI Sequential fragmentation/transport theory, pyroclast size-density
relationships, and the emplacement dynamics of pyroclastic density
currents - A case study on the Mt. St. Helens (USA) 1980 eruption
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Pyroclastic density currents; Pyroclastic deposits; Sequential
fragmentation/transport theory; Particle size-density relationships; Mt.
St. Helens
ID FLOWS; TRANSPORT; IGNIMBRITES; WASHINGTON; DEPOSITS; VOLCANO;
DISTRIBUTIONS; DISPERSAL; PUMICE; FACIES
AB Pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) are the most dangerous hazard associated with explosive volcanic eruptions. Despite recent advancements in the general understanding of PDC dynamics, limited direct observation and/or outcrop scarcity often hinder the interpretation of specific transport and depositional processes at many volcanoes. This study explores the potential of sequential fragmentation/transport theory (SFT; cf. Wohletz et al., 1989), a modeling method capable of predicting particle mass distributions based on the physical principles of fragmentation and transport, to retrieve the transport and depositional dynamics of well-characterized PDCs from the size and density distributions of individual components within the deposits. The extensive vertical and lateral exposures through the May 18th, 1980 PDC deposits at Mt. St. Helens (MSH) provide constraints on PDC regimes and flow boundary conditions at specific locations across the depositional area. Application to MSH deposits suggests that SFT parameter distributions can be effectively used to characterize flow boundary conditions and emplacement processes for a variety of PDC lithofacies and deposit locations. Results demonstrate that (1) the SFT approach reflects particle fragmentation and transport mechanisms regardless of variations in initial component distributions, consistent with results from previous studies; (2) SFT analysis reveals changes in particle characteristics that are not directly observable in grain size and fabric data; and (3) SFT parameters are more sensitive to regional transport conditions than local (outcrop-scale) depositional processes. The particle processing trends produced using SFT analysis are consistent with the degree of particle processing inferred from lithofacies architectures: for all lithofacies examined in this study, suspension sedimentation products exhibit much better processing than concentrated current deposits. Integrated field observations and SFT results provide evidence for increasing density segregation within the depositional region of the currents away from source, as well as for comparable density-segregation processes acting on lithic concentrations and pumice lenses within the current. These findings further define and reinforce the capability of SFT analysis to complement more conventional PDC study methods, significantly expanding the information gained regarding flow dynamics. Finally, this case study demonstrates that the SFT methodology has the potential to constrain regional flow conditions at volcanoes where outcrop exposures are limited. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mackaman-Lofland, Chelsea; Brand, Brittany D.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Brand, Brittany D.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[Taddeucci, Jacopo] Inst Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Rome, Italy.
[Wohletz, Kenneth] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Mackaman-Lofland, C (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM chelsm42@outlook.com
OI Taddeucci, Jacopo/0000-0002-0516-3699
FU National Science Foundation [NSF-EAR 0948588]
FX Funding for this work was provided through a National Science Foundation
grant (NSF-EAR 0948588). The authors would like to thank Dr. Ulrich
Kueppers and Dr. Pablo Davila Harris for their thorough and constructive
reviews, and JVGR Editor Joan Marti for additional guidance that helped
us improve the manuscript.
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 275
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1016/j.jvo1geores.2014.01.016
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AG7WE
UT WOS:000335628700001
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, N
Radhakrishnan, A
Wright, CC
Chou, TH
Lei, HT
Bolla, JR
Tringides, ML
Rajashankar, KR
Su, CC
Purdy, GE
Yu, EW
AF Kumar, Nitin
Radhakrishnan, Abhijith
Wright, Catherine C.
Chou, Tsung-Han
Lei, Hsiang-Ting
Bolla, Jani Reddy
Tringides, Marios L.
Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.
Su, Chih-Chia
Purdy, Georgiana E.
Yu, Edward W.
TI Crystal structure of the transcriptional regulator Rv1219c of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
SO PROTEIN SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Mycobacterium tuberculosis; transcriptional regulation; Rv1219c
multidrug efflux regulator; multidrug resistance
ID DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EFFLUX PUMP; COMPLEX;
RECOGNITION; EVOLUTION; TRANSPORT; BACTERIA; SYSTEM; FAMILY
AB The Rv1217c-Rv1218c multidrug efflux system, which belongs to the ATP-binding cassette superfamily, recognizes and actively extrudes a variety of structurally unrelated toxic chemicals and mediates the intrinsic resistance to these antimicrobials in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The expression of Rv1217c-Rv1218c is controlled by the TetR-like transcriptional regulator Rv1219c, which is encoded by a gene immediately upstream of rv1218c. To elucidate the structural basis of Rv1219c regulation, we have determined the crystal structure of Rv1219c, which reveals a dimeric two-domain molecule with an entirely helical architecture similar to members of the TetR family of transcriptional regulators. The N-terminal domains of the Rv1219c dimer are separated by a large center-to-center distance of 64 angstrom. The C-terminal domain of each protomer possesses a large cavity. Docking of small compounds to Rv1219c suggests that this large cavity forms a multidrug binding pocket, which can accommodate a variety of structurally unrelated antimicrobial agents. The internal wall of the multidrug binding site is surrounded by seven aromatic residues, indicating that drug binding may be governed by aromatic stacking interactions. In addition, fluorescence polarization reveals that Rv1219c binds drugs in the micromolar range.
C1 [Kumar, Nitin; Radhakrishnan, Abhijith; Lei, Hsiang-Ting; Bolla, Jani Reddy; Tringides, Marios L.; Yu, Edward W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Wright, Catherine C.; Purdy, Georgiana E.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97239 USA.
[Chou, Tsung-Han; Su, Chih-Chia; Yu, Edward W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.] Cornell Univ, Argonne Natl Lab, NE CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.] Cornell Univ, Argonne Natl Lab, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Yu, EW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM ewyu@iastate.edu
FU NIH [R01AI087840, R01GM086431]; National Institute of General Medical
Sciences [GM103403]
FX Grant sponsor: NIH; Grant numbers: R01AI087840 (G. E. P.) and
R01GM086431 (E.W.Y.). Grant sponsor: National Institute of General
Medical Sciences; Grant number: GM103403.
NR 38
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0961-8368
EI 1469-896X
J9 PROTEIN SCI
JI Protein Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 4
BP 423
EP 432
DI 10.1002/pro.2424
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AD3MM
UT WOS:000333143800009
PM 24424575
ER
PT J
AU Benson, A
Zane, M
Becker, TE
Visser, A
Uriostegui, SH
DeRubeis, E
Moran, JE
Esser, BK
Clark, JF
AF Benson, Andrew
Zane, Matthew
Becker, Timothy E.
Visser, Ate
Uriostegui, Stephanie H.
DeRubeis, Elizabeth
Moran, Jean E.
Esser, Bradley K.
Clark, Jordan F.
TI Quantifying Reaeration Rates in Alpine Streams Using Deliberate Gas
Tracer Experiments
SO WATER
LA English
DT Article
DE xenon; sulfur hexafluoride; field tracer experiment; reaeration;
dissolved oxygen; alpine stream
ID EXCHANGE RATES; NOBLE-GASES; OXYGEN; WATER; RIVER
AB Gas exchange across the air-water interface is a critical process that maintains adequate dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water column to support life. Oxygen reaeration rates can be accurately measured using deliberate gas tracers, like sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) or xenon (Xe). Two continuous release experiments were conducted in different creeks in the Sierra Nevada of California: Sagehen Creek in September, 2009, using SF6 and Martis Creek in August, 2012, using both SF6 and Xe. Measuring gas loss along the creek, which was approximated with the one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation, allows for the estimation of the SF6 or Xe reaeration coefficient (K-SF6, K-Xe), which is converted to DO reaeration (K-DO or K-2) using Schmidt numbers. Mean K-SF6 for upper and lower Sagehen and Martis Creeks were, respectively, 34 day(-1), 37 day(-1) and 33 day(-1), with corresponding K(DO)s of 61 day(-1), 66 day(-1) and 47 day(-1). In Martis Creek, K-Xe was slightly higher (21%) than K-SF6, but the calculated K-DO from SF6 agreed with the calculated K-DO from Xe within about 15%; this difference may be due to bubble-enhanced gas transfer. Established empirical equations of K-DO using stream characteristics did a poor job predicting K-DO for both creeks.
C1 [Benson, Andrew; Clark, Jordan F.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Environm Studies Program, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Zane, Matthew; Becker, Timothy E.; Uriostegui, Stephanie H.; Clark, Jordan F.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Earth Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Visser, Ate; Uriostegui, Stephanie H.; Esser, Bradley K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[DeRubeis, Elizabeth; Moran, Jean E.] Calif State Univ East Bay, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Hayward, CA 94542 USA.
RP Clark, JF (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Environm Studies Program, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM abvg6691@gmail.com; mattzane@msn.com; timothy.e.becker@gmail.com;
visser3@llnl.gov; stephanieuriostegui@umail.ucsb.edu;
ederubeis75@gmail.com; jean.moran@csueastbay.edu; esser1@llnl.gov;
jfclark@geol.ucsb.edu
RI Visser, Ate/G-8826-2012
FU California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research (PIER)
Project [PIR-08-010]; WateReuse Research Foundation [WRF 09-11]; State
of California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring & Assessment (GAMA) Special
Studies Program; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Lawrence (LLNL)
Scholar Program; LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX We would like to thank Tom Gleeson (McGill University) and Andrew
Manning (USGS, Denver, CO, USA) for their help with collecting samples
and measuring stream transects. We are grateful to Sagehen Creek Field
Station; especially, station manager Jeff Brown, for technical and
logistical assistance. Gina Lee helped with some concepts and GIS. We
are also grateful for the time and effort of the two anonymous
reviewers. Their comments helped to improve the paper substantially.
Financial support for this project was provided by the California Energy
Commission Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Project PIR-08-010,
the WateReuse Research Foundation project WRF 09-11, the State of
California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring & Assessment (GAMA) Special
Studies Program, and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Lawrence
(LLNL) Scholar Program. Parts of this project were performed by LLNL
under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 37
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 8
U2 23
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2073-4441
J9 WATER-SUI
JI Water
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 4
BP 1013
EP 1027
DI 10.3390/w6041013
PG 15
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AG9TD
UT WOS:000335761800015
ER
PT J
AU Fournee, V
Gaudry, E
Ledieu, J
de Weerd, MC
Wu, DM
Lograsso, T
AF Fournee, Vincent
Gaudry, Emilie
Ledieu, Julian
de Weerd, Marie-Cecile
Wu, Dongmei
Lograsso, Thomas
TI Self-Organized Molecular Films with Long-Range Quasiperiodic Order
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE C-60; self-assembly; quasiperiodic order; scanning tunneling microscopy;
density functional theory; 5-fold symmetry
ID SURFACES; CRYSTAL; C-60
AB Self-organized molecular films with long-range quasiperiodic order have been grown by using the complex potential energy landscape of quasicrystalline surfaces as templates. The long-range order arises from a specific subset of quasilattice sites acting as preferred adsorption sites for the molecules, thus enforcing a quasiperiodic structure in the film. These adsorption sites exhibit a local 5-fold symmetry resulting from the cut by the surface plane through the cluster units identified in the bulk solid. Symmetry matching between the C-60 fullerene and the substrate leads to a preferred adsorption configuration of the molecules with a pentagonal face down, a feature unique to quasicrystalline surfaces, enabling efficient chemical bonding at the molecule-substrate interface. This finding offers opportunities to investigate the physical properties of model 2D quasiperiodic systems, as the molecules can be functionalized to yield architectures with tailor-made properties.
C1 [Fournee, Vincent; Gaudry, Emilie; Ledieu, Julian; de Weerd, Marie-Cecile] Univ Lorraine, CNRS, UMR 7198, Inst Jean Lamour, F-54042 Nancy, France.
[Wu, Dongmei; Lograsso, Thomas] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Fournee, V (reprint author), Univ Lorraine, CNRS, UMR 7198, Inst Jean Lamour, Parc Saurupt, F-54042 Nancy, France.
EM vincent.fournee@univ-lorraine.fr
RI Ledieu, Julian/F-1430-2010; Gaudry, Emilie/G-9682-2011
FU ANR CAPRICE [2011-INTB-1001-01]; European C-MAC consortium; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
FX M.C.d.W., D.M.W., and T.A.L. prepared the single crystals. V.F. and J.L.
performed the experiments, while E.G. made the DFT calculations. V.F.
wrote the paper, and all authors commented on the manuscript We thank M.
Krajci for providing the structural model of the 2/1 rational
approximant to the Al-Pd-Mn icosahedral QC. V.F, E.G., J.L., and
M.C.d.W. acknowledge support by the ANR CAPRICE 2011-INTB-1001-01 and
the European C-MAC consortium. T.A.L. and D.M.W. acknowledge support by
the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division
of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-07CH11358.
NR 28
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 4
BP 3646
EP 3653
DI 10.1021/nn500234j
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AF8UH
UT WOS:000334990600058
PM 24649931
ER
PT J
AU Shin, N
Chi, MF
Filler, MA
AF Shin, Naechul
Chi, Miaofang
Filler, Michael A.
TI Interplay between Defect Propagation and Surface Hydrogen in Silicon
Nanowire Kinking Superstructures
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE silicon; nanowire; kinking; defects; surface; hydrogen
ID SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; DIFFRACTION PATTERNS; GROWTH DIRECTION;
HETEROSTRUCTURES; TRANSISTORS; GENERATION; MORPHOLOGY; BIOPROBES; PHASE
AB Semiconductor nanowire kinking superstructures, particularly those with long-range structural coherence, remain difficult to fabricate. Here, we combine high-resolution electron microscopy with operand infrared spectroscopy to show why this is the case for Si nanowires and, in doing so, reveal the interplay between defect propagation and surface chemistry during < 211 > -> < 111 > and < 211 > -> < 211 > kinking. Our experiments show that adsorbed hydrogen atoms are responsible for selecting < 211 >-oriented growth and indicate that a twin boundary imparts structural coherence. The twin boundary, only continuous at < 211 > -> < 211 > kinks, reduces the symmetry of the trijunction and limits the number of degenerate directions available to the nanowire. These findings constitute a general approach for rationally engineering kinking superstructures and also provide important insight into the role of surface chemical bonding during vapor-liquid-solid synthesis.
C1 [Shin, Naechul; Filler, Michael A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Chi, Miaofang] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Filler, MA (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM michael.filler@chbe.gatech.edu
RI Chi, Miaofang/Q-2489-2015
OI Chi, Miaofang/0000-0003-0764-1567
FU National Science Foundation (CBET) [1133563]; ORNL's Shared Research
Equipment (ShaRE) User Program; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the
U.S. Department of Energy
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the National Science
Foundation (CBET #1133563). Research was supported by ORNL's Shared
Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Program, which is sponsored by the
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 40
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 41
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 4
BP 3829
EP 3835
DI 10.1021/nn500598d
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AF8UH
UT WOS:000334990600079
PM 24606150
ER
PT J
AU Chapline, G
Mazur, PO
AF Chapline, George
Mazur, Pawel O.
TI SUPERFLUID PICTURE FOR ROTATING SPACE-TIMES
SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B
LA English
DT Article
ID CLASSICAL GENERAL-RELATIVITY; QUANTUM PHASE-TRANSITIONS; VORTEX
LATTICES; SUPERCONDUCTORS; CONDENSATE; TURBULENCE
AB A new prescription, in the framework of condensate models for spacetimes, for physical stationary gravitational fields is presented. We show that the spinning cosmic string metric describes the gravitational field associated with the single vortex in a superfiuid condensate model for space-time outside the vortex core. This metric differs significantly from the usual acoustic metric for the Onsager Feynman vortex. We also consider the question of what happens when many vortices are present, and show that on large scales a Godel-like metric emerges. In both the single and multiple vortex cases, the failure of general relativity exemplified by the presence of closed time-like curves is attributed to the breakdown of superfluid rigidity.
C1 [Chapline, George] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Mazur, Pawel O.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Chapline, G (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Adv Technol Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM chapline1@llnl.gov; mazurmeister@gmail.com
NR 45
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU WYDAWNICTWO UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLONSKIEGO
PI KRAKOW
PA UL GRODZKA 26, KRAKOW, 31044, POLAND
SN 0587-4254
EI 1509-5770
J9 ACTA PHYS POL B
JI Acta Phys. Pol. B
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 45
IS 4
BP 905
EP 916
DI 10.5506/APhysPolB.45.905
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AG0QS
UT WOS:000335121300005
ER
PT J
AU Li, Q
Cao, R
Cho, J
Wu, G
AF Li, Qing
Cao, Ruiguo
Cho, Jaephil
Wu, Gang
TI Nanocarbon Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Media for
Advanced Energy Conversion and Storage
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
DE oxygen reduction; electrocatalysis; alkaline media; metal-air batteries;
fuel cells
ID METAL-AIR BATTERIES; NITROGEN-DOPED GRAPHENE; MANGANESE OXIDE
NANOPARTICLES; HIGHLY EFFICIENT ELECTROCATALYST; MEMBRANE FUEL-CELLS;
ONION-LIKE CARBON; METHANOL ELECTROOXIDATION; CATHODE CATALYST; O-2
REDUCTION; COBALT OXIDE
AB Alkaline oxygen electrocatalysis, targeting anion exchange membrane fuel cells, Zn-air batteries, and alkaline-based Li-air batteries, has become a subject of intensive investigation because of its advantages compared to its acidic counterparts in reaction kinetics and materials stability. However, significant breakthroughs in the design and synthesis of efficient oxygen reduction catalysts from earth-abundant elements instead of precious metals in alkaline media remain in high demand. Carbon composite materials have been recognized as the most promising because of their reasonable balance between catalytic activity, durability, and cost. In particular, heteroatom (e.g., N, S, B, or P) doping can tune the electronic and geometric properties of carbon, providing more active sites and enhancing the interaction between carbon structure and active sites. Importantly, involvement of transition metals appears to be necessary for achieving high catalytic activity and improved durability by catalyzing carbonization of nitrogen/carbon precursors to form highly graphitized carbon nanostructures with more favorable nitrogen doping. Recently, a synergetic effect was found between the active species in nanocarbon and the loaded oxides/sulfides, resulting in much improved activity. This report focuses on these carbon composite catalysts. Guidance for rational design and synthesis of advanced alkaline ORR catalysts with improved activity and performance durability is also presented.
C1 [Li, Qing; Wu, Gang] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Cao, Ruiguo; Cho, Jaephil] Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Interdisciplinary Sch Green Energy, Ulsan 689798, South Korea.
RP Cho, J (reprint author), Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol, Interdisciplinary Sch Green Energy, Ulsan 689798, South Korea.
EM jpcho@unist.ac.kr; wugang@lanl.gov
RI Cho, Jaephil/E-4265-2010; Wu, Gang/E-8536-2010; Li, Qing/G-4502-2011;
Cao, Ruiguo/O-7354-2016
OI Wu, Gang/0000-0003-4956-5208; Li, Qing/0000-0003-4807-030X;
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory Early Career Laboratory-Directed Research
and Development (LDRD) Program [20110483ER]; MSIP (Ministry of Science,
ICT & Future Planning), Korea, under the C-ITRC (Convergence Information
Technology Research Center) [NIPA-2013-H0301-13-1009]
FX Q.L. and R. C. contributed equally to this work. Financial support from
the Los Alamos National Laboratory Early Career Laboratory-Directed
Research and Development (LDRD) Program (20110483ER) for this work is
gratefully acknowledged. This research was also supported by the MSIP
(Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning), Korea, under the C-ITRC
(Convergence Information Technology Research Center) support program
(NIPA-2013-H0301-13-1009) supervised by the NIPA (National IT Industry
Promotion Agency).
NR 130
TC 94
Z9 94
U1 81
U2 575
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 6
AR 1301415
DI 10.1002/aenm.201301415
PG 19
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AF5YH
UT WOS:000334790000007
ER
PT J
AU Liao, C
Han, KS
Baggetto, L
Hillesheim, DA
Custelcean, R
Lee, ES
Guo, BK
Bi, ZH
Jiang, DE
Veith, GM
Hagaman, EW
Brown, GM
Bridges, C
Paranthaman, MP
Manthiram, A
Dai, S
Sun, XG
AF Liao, Chen
Han, Kee Sung
Baggetto, Loic
Hillesheim, Daniel A.
Custelcean, Radu
Lee, Eun-Sung
Guo, Bingkun
Bi, Zhonghe
Jiang, De-en
Veith, Gabriel M.
Hagaman, Edward W.
Brown, Gilbert M.
Bridges, Craig
Paranthaman, M. Parans
Manthiram, Arumugam
Dai, Sheng
Sun, Xiao-Guang
TI Synthesis and Characterization of Lithium Bis( fluoromalonato) borate
for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUATERNARY AMMONIUM-SALTS; LIBOB-BASED ELECTROLYTES; PROPYLENE
CARBONATE; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; GRAPHITE; LIQUIDS; CHEMISTRY;
DIFLUORO(OXALATO)BORATE; BIS(OXALATO)BORATE; ASSOCIATION
AB A new orthochelated salt, lithium bis(monofluoromalonato)borate (LiBFMB), is synthesized and purified for application in lithium-ion batteries. The presence of fluorine in the borate anion of LiBFMB increases its oxidation potential and also facilitates ion dissociation, as reflected by the ratio of ionic conductivity (sigma(exp)) and ion diffusivity coefficients (sigma(NMR)). Half-cell tests using 5.0 V lithium nickel manganese oxide (LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4) as a cathode and ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC)/diethyl carbonate (DEC)as a solvent reveals that the impedance of the LiBFMB cell is much larger than those of LiPF6- and lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB)-based cells, which results in lower capacity and poor cycling performance of the former. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results for the cycled cathode electrode suggest that because of the stability of the LiBFMB salt, the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on the cathode surface is significantly different from those of LiPF6 and LiBOB based electrolytes, resulting in more solvent decomposition and a thicker SEI layer. Initial results also indicate that using a high dielectric constant solvent, propylene carbonate, alters the surface chemistry, reduces the interfacial impedance, and enhances the performance of LiBFMB-based 5.0 V cell.
C1 [Liao, Chen; Han, Kee Sung; Hillesheim, Daniel A.; Custelcean, Radu; Guo, Bingkun; Bi, Zhonghe; Jiang, De-en; Hagaman, Edward W.; Brown, Gilbert M.; Bridges, Craig; Paranthaman, M. Parans; Dai, Sheng; Sun, Xiao-Guang] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Baggetto, Loic; Veith, Gabriel M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Lee, Eun-Sung; Manthiram, Arumugam] Univ Texas Austin, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Lee, Eun-Sung; Manthiram, Arumugam] Univ Texas Austin, Texas Mat Inst, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Sun, XG (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, One Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM sunx@ornl.gov
RI Guo, Bingkun/J-5774-2014; Jiang, De-en/D-9529-2011; Paranthaman,
Mariappan/N-3866-2015; Custelcean, Radu/C-1037-2009; Dai,
Sheng/K-8411-2015; Baggetto, Loic/D-5542-2017;
OI Jiang, De-en/0000-0001-5167-0731; Han, Kee Sung/0000-0002-3535-1818;
Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531; Custelcean,
Radu/0000-0002-0727-7972; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Baggetto,
Loic/0000-0002-9029-2363; Liao, Chen/0000-0001-5168-6493
FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering; U.S. Department of Energy's Office
of Basic Energy Science, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of
Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering.
The NMR work (K. S. H. and E. W. H.) and X-ray structural
characterization (R.C.) were supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy's Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences.
NR 49
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 9
U2 147
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 6
AR 1301368
DI 10.1002/aenm.201301368
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AF5YH
UT WOS:000334790000015
ER
PT J
AU Mylavarapu, SK
Sun, XD
Glosup, RE
Christensen, RN
Patterson, MW
AF Mylavarapu, Sai K.
Sun, Xiaodong
Glosup, Richard E.
Christensen, Richard N.
Patterson, Michael W.
TI Thermal hydraulic performance testing of printed circuit heat exchangers
in a high-temperature helium test facility
SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE High-temperature helium facility; PCHE; Compact heat exchangers; Very
high-temperature reactors; High-temperature gas-cooled reactors
ID TURBULENT; LAMINAR; DESIGN; PIPE; FLOW
AB In high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, such as a very high temperature reactor (VHTR), an intermediate heat exchanger (IHX) is required to efficiently transfer the core thermal output to a secondary fluid for electricity generation with an indirect power cycle and/or process heat applications. Currently, there is no proven high-temperature (750-800 degrees C or higher) compact heat exchanger technology for high-temperature reactor design concepts. In this study, printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE), a potential IHX concept for high-temperature applications, has been investigated for their heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics under high operating temperatures and pressures.
Two PCHEs, each having 10 hot and 10 cold plates with 12 channels (semicircular cross-section) in each plate are fabricated using Alloy 617 plates and tested for their performance in a high-temperature helium test facility (HTHF). The PCHE inlet temperature and pressure were varied from 85 to 390 degrees C/1.0-2.7 MPa for the cold side and 208-790 degrees C/1.0-2.7 MPa for the hot side, respectively, while the mass flow rate of helium was varied from 15 to 49 kg/h. This range of mass flow rates corresponds to PCHE channel Reynolds numbers of 950 to 4100 for the cold side and 900 to 3900 for the hot side (corresponding to the laminar and laminar-to-turbulent transition flow regimes). The obtained experimental data have been analyzed for the pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of the heat transfer surface of the PCHEs and compared with the available models and correlations in the literature. In addition, a numerical treatment of hydrodynamically developing and hydrodynamically fully-developed laminar flow through a semicircular duct is presented. Relations developed for determining the hydrodynamic entrance length in a semicircular duct and the friction factor (or pressure drop) in the hydrodynamic entry length region for laminar flow through a semicircular duct are given. Various hydrodynamic entrance region parameters, such as incremental pressure drop number, apparent Fanning friction factor, and hydrodynamic entrance length in a semicircular duct have been numerically estimated. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mylavarapu, Sai K.; Sun, Xiaodong; Glosup, Richard E.; Christensen, Richard N.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Nucl Engn Program, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Patterson, Michael W.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP Mylavarapu, SK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Nucl Engn Program, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM mylavarapu.1@osu.edu; sun.200@osu.edu
RI Sun, Xiaodong/F-3752-2015;
OI Sun, Xiaodong/0000-0002-9852-160X; Patterson,
Michael/0000-0002-8698-3284
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Idaho National Laboratory
FX The support from the U.S. Department of Energy and Idaho National
Laboratory for this research work is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 20
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 5
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-4311
J9 APPL THERM ENG
JI Appl. Therm. Eng.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
IS 1-2
BP 605
EP 614
DI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.01.025
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics
GA AG0IL
UT WOS:000335099100066
ER
PT J
AU Guo, WD
Trischuk, K
Bi, XT
Lim, CJ
Sokhansanj, S
AF Guo, Wendi
Trischuk, Ken
Bi, Xiaotao
Lim, C. Jim
Sokhansanj, Shahab
TI Measurements of wood pellets self-heating kinetic parameters using
isothermal calorimetry
SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Self-heating kinetic model; Isothermal calorimeter; Heat release rate
measurement; Wood pellets decomposition; Spontaneous combustion
ID OFF-GAS EMISSIONS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; STORAGE; TRANSPORTATION;
TEMPERATURE; HEADSPACE; OXIDATION; IGNITION; SAWDUST; FUNGI
AB Wood pellets release heat and gases during storage. A TAM air isothermal calorimeter was used to measure the rate of heat release by bulk pellets at temperatures ranging from 30 to 50 degrees C. The results showed that self-heating rate at the tested temperature range strongly depended on the reaction temperature and the age of pellets. Heat release rate increased as the reaction temperature increased but the rate was not sensitive to pellets moisture content. The activation energy of the self-heating reaction increased with the age of pellets. A simple global kinetic model for self-heating was developed from the experimental data. The model can be applied to simulate the self-heating process in pellets storage containers at different storage temperatures and age of stored pellets. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Guo, Wendi; Bi, Xiaotao; Lim, C. Jim; Sokhansanj, Shahab] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
[Trischuk, Ken] Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Sokhansanj, Shahab] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Guo, WD (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
EM wendiguo@gmail.com
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
[NSERC-CRDPJ342219-06]; Wood Pellet Association of Canada (WPAC)
FX We would like to thank National Research Council of Canada (NRC) for the
use of TAM instrument, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
of Canada (NSERC-CRDPJ342219-06) and Wood Pellet Association of Canada
(WPAC) for financial support, and Princeton Co-Generation Corp, and
Premium Pellet Ltd. for pellet samples.
NR 32
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 26
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0961-9534
EI 1873-2909
J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG
JI Biomass Bioenerg.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 63
BP 1
EP 9
DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.02.022
PG 9
WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy &
Fuels
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA AG2VP
UT WOS:000335275500001
ER
PT J
AU Ciesielski, PN
Wang, W
Chen, XW
Vinzant, TB
Tucker, MP
Decker, SR
Himmel, ME
Johnson, DK
Donohoe, BS
AF Ciesielski, Peter N.
Wang, Wei
Chen, Xiaowen
Vinzant, Todd B.
Tucker, Melvin P.
Decker, Stephen R.
Himmel, Michael E.
Johnson, David K.
Donohoe, Bryon S.
TI Effect of mechanical disruption on the effectiveness of three reactors
used for dilute acid pretreatment of corn stover Part 2: morphological
and structural substrate analysis
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomass conversion; Dilute acid pretreatment; Severity factor;
Quantitative image analysis; Delamination; Nanofibrillation
ID SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; BIOMASS; SURFACE; ACCESSIBILITY;
SWITCHGRASS; IMAGEJ; SIZE
AB Background: Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable, naturally mass-produced form of stored solar energy. Thermochemical pretreatment processes have been developed to address the challenge of biomass recalcitrance, however the optimization, cost reduction, and scalability of these processes remain as obstacles to the adoption of biofuel production processes at the industrial scale. In this study, we demonstrate that the type of reactor in which pretreatment is carried out can profoundly alter the micro-and nanostructure of the pretreated materials and dramatically affect the subsequent efficiency, and thus cost, of enzymatic conversion of cellulose.
Results: Multi-scale microscopy and quantitative image analysis was used to investigate the impact of different biomass pretreatment reactor configurations on plant cell wall structure. We identify correlations between enzymatic digestibility and geometric descriptors derived from the image data. Corn stover feedstock was pretreated under the same nominal conditions for dilute acid pretreatment (2.0 wt% H2SO4, 160 degrees C, 5 min) using three representative types of reactors: ZipperClave (R) (ZC), steam gun (SG), and horizontal screw (HS) reactors. After 96 h of enzymatic digestion, biomass treated in the SG and HS reactors achieved much higher cellulose conversions, 88% and 95%, respectively, compared to the conversion obtained using the ZC reactor (68%). Imaging at the micro-and nanoscales revealed that the superior performance of the SG and HS reactors could be explained by reduced particle size, cellular dislocation, increased surface roughness, delamination, and nanofibrillation generated within the biomass particles during pretreatment.
Conclusions: Increased cellular dislocation, surface roughness, delamination, and nanofibrillation revealed by direct observation of the micro-and nanoscale change in accessibility explains the superior performance of reactors that augment pretreatment with physical energy.
C1 [Ciesielski, Peter N.; Wang, Wei; Vinzant, Todd B.; Decker, Stephen R.; Himmel, Michael E.; Johnson, David K.; Donohoe, Bryon S.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Chen, Xiaowen; Tucker, Melvin P.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Donohoe, BS (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM bryon.donohoe@nrel.gov
RI chen, xiaowen/H-4823-2014
FU US Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO); Center for
Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), an Energy
Frontier Research Center - US Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0000997]
FX The pretreatment, digestibility, and surface characterization work was
supported by the US Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office
(BETO). The quantitative image analysis development was supported as
part of the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to
Biofuels (C3Bio), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Award Number DE-SC0000997. NREL is a national laboratory of
the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
NR 20
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 25
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1754-6834
J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOFUELS
JI Biotechnol. Biofuels
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 7
AR 47
DI 10.1186/1754-6834-7-47
PG 11
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA AG5LT
UT WOS:000335461200001
PM 24690534
ER
PT J
AU Rennie, EA
Scheller, HV
AF Rennie, Emilie A.
Scheller, Henrik Vibe
TI Xylan biosynthesis
SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID SECONDARY CELL-WALL; MYB TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; GLUCURONIC-ACID;
BRACHYPODIUM-DISTACHYON; INCREASED RESISTANCE; VASCULAR TISSUE; MUTANTS
REVEALS; O-ACETYLATION; FAMILY 8; ARABIDOPSIS
AB Plant cells are surrounded by a rigid wall made up of cellulose microfibrils, pectins, hemicelluloses, and lignin. This cell wall provides structure and protection for plant cells. In grasses and in dicot secondary cell walls, the major hemicellulose is a polymer of beta-(1,4)-linked xylose units called xylan. Unlike cellulose which is synthesized by large complexes at the plasma membrane xylan is synthesized by enzymes in the Golgi apparatus. Xylan synthesis thus requires the coordinated action and regulation of these synthetic enzymes as well as others that synthesize and transport substrates into the Golgi. Recent research has identified several genes involved in xylan synthesis, some of which have already been used in engineering efforts to create plants that are better suited for biofuel production.
C1 [Rennie, Emilie A.; Scheller, Henrik Vibe] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Feedstocks Div, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.
[Rennie, Emilie A.; Scheller, Henrik Vibe] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Rennie, Emilie A.; Scheller, Henrik Vibe] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Scheller, HV (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, Feedstocks Div, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.
EM hscheller@lbl.gov
RI Scheller, Henrik/A-8106-2008
OI Scheller, Henrik/0000-0002-6702-3560
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research [DE-ACO2-05GH11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory; U.S. Department of Energy; National Science Foundation
Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE 1106400]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through
contract DE-ACO2-05GH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
and the U.S. Department of Energy, and by a National Science Foundation
Graduate Research Fellowship Program Grant #DGE 1106400.
NR 58
TC 58
Z9 60
U1 17
U2 121
PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0958-1669
EI 1879-0429
J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH
JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 26
BP 100
EP 107
DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.11.013
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA AG0NF
UT WOS:000335111500018
PM 24679265
ER
PT J
AU Eudes, A
Liang, Y
Mitra, P
Loque, D
AF Eudes, Aymerick
Liang, Yan
Mitra, Prajakta
Loque, Dominique
TI Lignin bioengineering
SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID ZINC-FINGER NUCLEASES; FLUORESCENCE-TAGGED MONOLIGNOLS; ORCHID
VANILLA-PLANIFOLIA; DNA-BINDING SPECIFICITY; IN-VITRO LIGNIFICATION;
MAIZE CELL-WALLS; ALKALINE DELIGNIFICATION; UBIC GENE; BIOSYNTHESIS;
ACID
AB Lignin is one of the most abundant aromatic biopolymers and a major component of plant cell walls. It occurs via oxidative coupling of monolignols, which are synthesized from the phenylpropanoid pathway. Lignin is the primary material responsible for biomass recalcitrance, has almost no industrial utility, and cannot be simply removed from growing plants without causing serious developmental defects. Fortunately, recent studies report that lignin composition and distribution can be manipulated to a certain extent by using tissue-specific promoters to reduce its recalcitrance, change its biophysical properties, and increase its commercial value. Moreover, the emergence of novel synthetic biology tools to achieve biological control using genome bioediting technologies and tight regulation of transgene expression opens new doors for engineering. This review focuses on lignin bioengineering strategies and describes emerging technologies that could be used to generate tomorrow's bioenergy and biochemical crops.
C1 [Eudes, Aymerick; Liang, Yan; Mitra, Prajakta; Loque, Dominique] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.
[Eudes, Aymerick; Liang, Yan; Mitra, Prajakta; Loque, Dominique] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Loque, D (reprint author), Joint BioEnergy Inst, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.
EM dloque@lbl.gov
RI Loque, Dominique/A-8153-2008; Liang, Yan/K-8199-2016
OI Liang, Yan/0000-0002-2144-1388
FU DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research
[DE-ACO2-050H11231]; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; U.S.
Department of Energy
FX We are thankful to Sabin Russell for editing this manuscript. This work
was part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute (http://www.jbei.org)
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, through contract
DE-ACO2-050H11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the
U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 74
TC 29
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 107
PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0958-1669
EI 1879-0429
J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH
JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 26
BP 189
EP 198
DI 10.1016/j.copbio.2014.01.002
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA AG0NF
UT WOS:000335111500029
PM 24607805
ER
PT J
AU Quinn, H
AF Quinn, Heather
TI Challenges in Testing Complex Systems
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Circuit testing; error analysis; radiation effects
ID SINGLE-EVENT-UPSETS; CROSS-SECTION MEASUREMENTS; MICROELECTRONICS CODE;
HARDNESS ASSURANCE; ERROR-CORRECTION; NM CMOS; SEU; FPGAS; DEVICES;
DESIGNS
AB Many space programs depend on cutting-edge technology to increase computational power without increasing the power or weight of the payload. For these types of programs, component testing is necessary to ensure that the components do not fail while deployed. Radiation testing for advanced technology components can be challenging since the underlying architecture and organization of the component might be complex. This paper will cover a review of component testing best practices for total ionizing dose and single-event effect testing from recent years.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Quinn, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM hquinn@lanl.gov
FU Department of Energy Office of Nonproliferation Research and
Development; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This work was supported in part by the Department of Energy Office of
Nonproliferation Research and Development. This work has been authored
by an employee of the Los Alamos National Security, LLC (LANS), operator
of the Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-06NA25396 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The U.S.
Government has rights to use, reproduce, and distribute this
information. The public may copy and use this information without
charge, provided that this notice and any statement of authorship are
reproduced on all copies. Neither the Government nor LANS makes any
warranty, express or implied, or assumes any liability or responsibility
for the use of this information. The Los Alamos National Laboratory
strongly supports academic freedom and a researcher's right to publish;
therefore, the Laboratory as an institution does not endorse the
viewpoint of a publication or guarantee its technical correctness. This
paper is published under LA-UR-14-20345.
NR 111
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 2
BP 766
EP 786
DI 10.1109/TNS.2014.2302432
PG 21
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AF7YI
UT WOS:000334931100009
ER
PT J
AU Bolotnikov, AE
Bale, D
Butcher, J
Camarda, GS
Cui, Y
De Geronimo, G
Fried, J
Hossain, A
Kim, KH
Marshall, M
Soldner, S
Petryk, M
Prokesch, M
Vernon, E
Yang, G
James, RB
AF Bolotnikov, A. E.
Bale, D.
Butcher, J.
Camarda, G. S.
Cui, Y.
De Geronimo, G.
Fried, J.
Hossain, A.
Kim, K. H.
Marshall, M.
Soldner, S.
Petryk, M.
Prokesch, M.
Vernon, E.
Yang, G.
James, R. B.
TI Comparison of Analog and Digital Readout Electronics on the Processing
of Charge-Sharing Events in Pixelated CdZnTe Detectors
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ASICs; CdZnTe; crystal defects; CZT detectors
ID POSITION-SENSITIVE DETECTORS
AB We present our results from testing 15 x 15 x 10 mm(3) CdZnTe pixelated detectors using a readout system based on the H3D ASIC. Data obtained with an uncollimated Cs-137 source helped reveal details of the operational principle of such devices, and how the pulse-processing electronics may influence their performance. The responses of individual pixels were compared by using two different pulse processing approaches based on the analog shaping (H3D ASIC) and fitting of the waveforms as read out from hybrid preamplifiers.
C1 [Bolotnikov, A. E.; Camarda, G. S.; Cui, Y.; De Geronimo, G.; Fried, J.; Hossain, A.; Kim, K. H.; Marshall, M.; Petryk, M.; Vernon, E.; Yang, G.; James, R. B.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11793 USA.
[Bale, D.; Soldner, S.; Prokesch, M.] Endicott Interconnect Technol Inc, Endicott, NY 13760 USA.
[Butcher, J.] Geneseo Univ, Geneseo, NY 14454 USA.
RP Bolotnikov, AE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11793 USA.
EM bolotnik@bnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation
Research & Development (DNN RD); BNL's Technology Maturation Award; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH1-886]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Research & Development (DNN R&D), and
BNL's Technology Maturation Award. The manuscript was authored by
Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract DE-AC02-98CH1-886 with
the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 21
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 2
BP 787
EP 792
DI 10.1109/TNS.2014.2299493
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AF7YI
UT WOS:000334931100010
ER
PT J
AU Shin, KR
Kang, YW
Fathy, AE
AF Shin, Ki R.
Kang, Yoon W.
Fathy, Aly E.
TI Feasibility of Folded and Double Dipole Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ)
Cavities for Particle Accelerators
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cut back; double dipole; folded dipole; radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ)
ID CRNL
AB The quadrupole and dipole modes frequencies can be very close in a long four-vane RFQ as structure length increases. This requires extra mode stabilizer design to improve field stability, which may add to system complexity and cost. Therefore, we investigate other four-vane RFQ designs which can have potential advantages and different mode spectrum. These designs are realized by modifying the RFQ cut-back scheme to be a folded-dipole (FD) or a double-dipole (DD) RFQs. In this paper, mode spectrums of these structures are further investigated as function of structure length and dipole mode properties are discussed in detail. Comparison of other properties of the three cut-back methods-FD, DD, and the conventional four cut-backs (4C) - are presented as well. Full 3-D simulations have been carried out for mode analysis of these RFQs with some experimental validation.
C1 [Shin, Ki R.; Fathy, Aly E.] Univ Tennessee, Elect Engn & Comp Sci Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Kang, Yoon W.] SNS, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37849 USA.
RP Shin, KR (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Elect Engn & Comp Sci Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM shinkr@ornl.gov
FU U.S. DOE; Research Accelerator Division of SNS
FX The authors would like to thank the Basic Energy Sciences Program of the
U.S. DOE and the Research Accelerator Division of SNS for supporting
this work.
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 2
BP 799
EP 807
DI 10.1109/TNS.2014.2301596
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AF7YI
UT WOS:000334931100012
ER
PT J
AU Shin, KR
Kang, YW
Fathy, AE
AF Shin, Ki R.
Kang, Yoon W.
Fathy, Aly E.
TI Design Guidelines of a Double-Gap Microwave Rebuncher Cavity for a 400
MHz, 2.5 MeV Energy Light Ion Accelerator with Lower Gap Voltage and
Field
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Buncher cavity; cavity resonator; double gap; drift tube; transverse
magnetic; X-ray radiation
AB A detailed electromagnetic model of a double-gap microwave rebuncher cavity proposed for 400-MHz, 2.5MeV energy of the front end section in 1 GeV energy H-ion linear accelerator, is presented and validated by extensive simulations. This design is intended to decrease both the utilized gap voltage and peak electric field of the rebunching cavity, henceforth may decrease X-ray radiation. A low cost 1/2 scaled aluminum cavity double gap model was built and tested for model validation. Mode frequencies and quality factors of the model were measured and compared to simulation. Additionally, bead perturbation method was used to measure the para-axial electric field. Simulation of the single and double gap cavities were compared to measurements and were in very good agreement. Subsequently, design guidelines have been developed to design the double gap rebuncher, optimize its gap size for lower electric fields and reduced X-ray radiation.
C1 [Shin, Ki R.; Fathy, Aly E.] Univ Tennessee, Elect Engn & Comp Sci Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Kang, Yoon W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, SNS, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Shin, KR (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Elect Engn & Comp Sci Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
FU Basic Energy Sciences program of the U.S. DOE; Research Accelerator
Division of SNS
FX The authors would like to thank the Basic Energy Sciences program of the
U.S. DOE and the Research Accelerator Division of SNS for supporting
this work.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 2
BP 817
EP 823
DI 10.1109/TNS.2014.2310058
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AF7YI
UT WOS:000334931100014
ER
PT J
AU Edelen, JP
Biedron, SG
Harris, JR
Lewellen, JW
Milton, SV
AF Edelen, J. P.
Biedron, S. G.
Harris, J. R.
Lewellen, J. W.
Milton, S. V.
TI Electron Back-Bombardment and Mitigation in a Short Gap, Thermionic
Cathode RF Gun
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron accelerators; electron guns; free-electron laser; space charge;
thermionic emission
ID AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION
AB When an un-gated thermionic cathode is operated in a radio-frequency gun, some fraction of the emitted electrons will return to the cathode due to the change in sign of the electric field in the gun. This back-bombardment current causes heating of the cathode, and this reduces the ability of the cathode heater to control the bunch charge. In this paper, we investigate the fundamental factors in single-frequency back-bombardment for a short-gap electron gun. Simulations revealed that the back-bombardment power depends strongly on the operating frequency and the bunch charge. Additionally, the use of a two-frequency TM010/TM020 electron gun to mitigate this effect was investigated which revealed that the effectiveness of this technique depends strongly upon single-frequency back-bombardment power but with the optimal reduction in back-bombardment power (62% of the baseline) occurring in the low-frequency limit.
C1 [Edelen, J. P.; Biedron, S. G.; Harris, J. R.; Milton, S. V.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Lewellen, J. W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Edelen, JP (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM jedelen@engr.colostate.edu
FU Office of Naval Research
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research.
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 2
BP 830
EP 836
DI 10.1109/TNS.2014.2308910
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AF7YI
UT WOS:000334931100016
ER
PT J
AU Kerisit, S
Wang, ZG
Williams, RT
Grim, JQ
Gao, F
AF Kerisit, Sebastien
Wang, Zhiguo
Williams, Richard T.
Grim, Joel Q.
Gao, Fei
TI Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulations of Scintillation Processes in NaI(Tl)
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Kinetic Monte Carlo; nonproportionality; radiation detection;
scintillation mechanisms; gamma-ray spectroscopy
ID ALKALI-HALIDES; THALLIUM CONCENTRATION; KCL-TLCL; NAI; HOLES;
PROPORTIONALITY; RECOMBINATION; LUMINESCENCE; CRYSTALS; ELECTRON
AB Developing a comprehensive understanding of the processes that govern the scintillation behavior of inorganic scintillators provides a pathway to optimize current scintillators and allows for the science-driven search for new scintillator materials. Recent experimental data on the excitation density dependence of the light yield of inorganic scintillators presents an opportunity to incorporate parameterized interactions between excitations in scintillation models and thus enable more realistic simulations of the nonproportionality of inorganic scintillators. Therefore, a kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) model of elementary scintillation processes in NaI(Tl) is developed in this paper to simulate the kinetics of scintillation for a range of temperatures and Tl concentrations as well as the scintillation efficiency as a function of excitation density. The ability of the KMC model to reproduce available experimental data allows for elucidating the elementary processes that give rise to the kinetics and efficiency of scintillation observed experimentally for a range of conditions.
C1 [Kerisit, Sebastien; Wang, Zhiguo; Gao, Fei] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Williams, Richard T.; Grim, Joel Q.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
RP Kerisit, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM sebastien.kerisit@pnnl.gov; zhiguo.wang@pnnl.gov; williams@wfu.edu;
grimjq@wfu.edu; fei.gao@pnnl.gov
RI Wang, Zhiguo/B-7132-2009
FU National Nuclear Security Administration, Office of Nuclear
Nonproliferation Research and Engineering of the U.S. Department of
Energy [NA-22]
FX This work was supported by the National Nuclear Security Administration,
Office of Nuclear Nonproliferation Research and Engineering (NA-22), of
the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 16
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 2
BP 860
EP 869
DI 10.1109/TNS.2014.2300142
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AF7YI
UT WOS:000334931100020
ER
PT J
AU Aucott, TJ
Bandstra, MS
Negut, V
Curtis, JC
Chivers, DH
Vetter, K
AF Aucott, Timothy J.
Bandstra, Mark S.
Negut, Victor
Curtis, Joseph C.
Chivers, Daniel H.
Vetter, Kai
TI Effects of Background on Gamma-Ray Detection for Mobile Spectroscopy and
Imaging Systems
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Gamma-ray detection; radiation imaging; spectroscopy
ID CODED-APERTURE; IDENTIFICATION
AB The presence of gamma-ray background significantly reduces detection sensitivity when searching for radioactive sources in the field, particularly in mobile systems which must contend with a variable background that is not known a priori. An extensive survey of the background was performed in the San Francisco Bay Area using both sodium iodide and high-purity germanium detectors, covering a wide variety of environments that might be encountered in an operational scenario. This data was used as a basis for source injection in a moving detector scenario in order to assess the effects of the background on different detection approaches. Both imaging and spectroscopic algorithms were implemented for the sodium iodide array, and their performances are compared for a variety of source energies and stand-off distances in the presence of the measured background.
C1 [Aucott, Timothy J.; Negut, Victor; Curtis, Joseph C.; Vetter, Kai] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bandstra, Mark S.; Chivers, Daniel H.; Vetter, Kai] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Aucott, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM tjaucott@berkeley.edu
FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security [2011-DN-077-ARI049-03]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security
under Grant Award 2011-DN-077-ARI049-03.
NR 13
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 2
BP 985
EP 991
DI 10.1109/TNS.2014.2306998
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AF7YI
UT WOS:000334931100035
ER
PT J
AU Dragone, A
Caragiulo, P
Carini, GA
Herbst, R
Pratte, JF
O'Connor, P
Rehak, P
Siddons, DP
Haller, G
AF Dragone, A.
Caragiulo, P.
Carini, G. A.
Herbst, R.
Pratte, J. F.
O'Connor, P.
Rehak, P.
Siddons, D. P.
Haller, G.
TI eLine10k: A High Dynamic Range Front-End ASIC for LCLS Detectors
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ASIC; detectors; integrating; LCLS; X-rays
ID READOUT
AB eLine10k is a fast-frame, 64-channel readout ASIC for SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) detectors. The circuit has been designed to integrate the charge from high-capacitance 2D sensors with rolling shutter and 1D strip sensors. It is suitable for applications requiring large input signal range, on the order of 10(4) photons/pixel/pulse at 8 keV(22 Me-), and a resolution of half a photon FWHM (500 e(-) r.m.s.). 2D sensors with a rolling shutter like the X-ray Active Matrix Pixel Sensor (XAMPS), for which the ASIC has been optimized, present large input capacitance to each channel leading to stringent noise optimization requirements. The large required number of pixels per channel, and the fixed LCLS beam period impose limitations on the time available for the readout of each single pixel. Giving the periodic nature of the LCLS beam, the ASIC developed for this application is a time-variant system, providing low-noise charge integration, filtering and correlated double-sampling, and a processing speed up to 500 k pixel/s on each channel. To cope with the large input dynamic range, a charge pump scheme has been implemented providing on-chip 4-bit coarse digital conversion of the integrated charge. The residual charge is sampled using correlated double sampling into an analog memory, multiplexed and measured with the required resolution using an external ADC. In this paper, the ASIC architecture and performance of the final release are presented.
C1 [Dragone, A.; Caragiulo, P.; Carini, G. A.; Herbst, R.; Haller, G.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Res Engn Div, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Pratte, J. F.] Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada.
[O'Connor, P.; Rehak, P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Siddons, D. P.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Dragone, A (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Res Engn Div, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dragone@slac.stanford.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-AC02-76SF00515]
FX Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886. Use of the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, was
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 2
BP 992
EP 1000
DI 10.1109/TNS.2014.2301093
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AF7YI
UT WOS:000334931100036
ER
PT J
AU Yang, P
Harmon, CD
Doty, FP
Ohlhausen, JA
AF Yang, Pin
Harmon, Charles D.
Doty, F. Patrick
Ohlhausen, James A.
TI Effect of Humidity on Scintillation Performance in Na and Tl Activated
CsI Crystals
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cesium iodide; dopants; failure mechanisms; scintillation detectors
ID MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; SPECTRAL IMAGES; CESIUM IODIDE;
LUMINESCENCE; CENTERS; RAY
AB Time dependent photoluminescence and radioluminescence for sodium (Na) and thallium (Tl) activated cesium iodide (CsI) single crystals exposed to 50% and 75% relative humidity (RH) has been investigated. These results indicate that Tl activated crystals are more robust than the Na activated crystals against humidity induced scintillation degradation. The development of "etching pits" and "inactive" domains are the characteristics of deteriorated Na activated CsI crystals. These "inactive" domains, bearing a resemblance to a polycrystalline appearance beneath the crystal surface, can be readily detected by a 250 nm light emitting diode. These features are commonly observed at the corners and deep scratched areas where moisture condensation is more likely to occur. Mechanisms contributing to the scintillation degradation in Na activated CsI crystals were investigated by Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). ToF-SIMS depth profiles indicate that Na has been preferentially diffused out of CsI crystal, leaving the Na concentration in these "inactive" domains below its scintillation threshold.
C1 [Yang, Pin; Harmon, Charles D.; Ohlhausen, James A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Doty, F. Patrick] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Yang, P (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM pyang@sandia.gov
FU Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and
operated by Sandia Operation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed
Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 27
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 2
BP 1024
EP 1031
DI 10.1109/TNS.2014.2300471
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AF7YI
UT WOS:000334931100040
ER
PT J
AU Michalak, WD
Krier, JM
Alayoglu, S
Shin, JY
An, K
Komvopoulos, K
Liu, Z
Somorjai, GA
AF Michalak, William D.
Krier, James M.
Alayoglu, Selim
Shin, Jae-Yoon
An, Kwangjin
Komvopoulos, Kyriakos
Liu, Zhi
Somorjai, Gabor A.
TI CO oxidation on PtSn nanoparticle catalysts occurs at the interface of
Pt and Sn oxide domains formed under reaction conditions
SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Pt; Sn; Nanoparticle; Catalysis; Carbon monoxide oxidation; Interface;
Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Redox couple
ID SN/PT(111) SURFACE ALLOYS; ELECTRON-ENERGY-LOSS; IN-SITU;
CARBON-MONOXIDE; BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES; ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM; GROUP
METALS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; POLYCRYSTALLINE TIN;
THERMAL-STABILITY
AB The barrier to CO oxidation on Pt catalysts is the strongly bound adsorbed CO, which inhibits O-2 adsorption and hinders CO2 formation. Using reaction studies and in situ X-ray spectroscopy with colloidally prepared, monodisperse similar to 2 nm Pt and PtSn nanoparticle catalysts, we show that the addition of Sn to Pt provides distinctly different reaction sites and a more efficient reaction mechanism for CO oxidation compared to pure Pt catalysts. To probe the influence of Sn, we intentionally poisoned the Pt component of the nanoparticle catalysts using a CO-rich atmosphere. With a reaction environment comprised of 100 Torr CO and 40 Torr O-2 and a temperature range between 200 and 300 degrees C, Pt and PtSn catalysts exhibited activation barriers for CO2 formation of 133 kJ/mol and 35 kJ/mol, respectively. While pure Sn is readily oxidized and is not active for CO oxidation, the addition of Sn to Pt provides an active site for O-2 adsorption that is important when Pt is covered with CO. Sn oxide was identified as the active Sn species under reaction conditions by in situ ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. While chemical signatures of Pt and Sn indicated intermixed metallic components under reducing conditions, Pt and Sn were found to reversibly separate into isolated domains of Pt and oxidic Sn on the nanoparticle surface under reaction conditions of 100 mTorr CO and 40 mTorr O-2 between temperatures of 200-275 degrees C. Under these conditions, PtSn catalysts exhibited apparent reaction orders in O-2 for CO2 production that were 0.5 and lower with increasing partial pressures. These reaction orders contrast the first-order dependence in O-2 known for pure Pt. The differences in activation barriers, non-first-order dependence in O-2, and the presence of a partially oxidized Sn indicate that the enhanced activity is due to a reaction mechanism that occurs at a Pt/Sn oxide interface present at the nanoparticle surface. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Michalak, William D.; Krier, James M.; Alayoglu, Selim; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Michalak, William D.; Krier, James M.; Alayoglu, Selim; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Michalak, William D.; Krier, James M.; Alayoglu, Selim; An, Kwangjin; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Shin, Jae-Yoon] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Komvopoulos, Kyriakos] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Liu, Zhi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Michalak, WD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM wmichalak@gmail.com; somorjai@berkeley.e-du
RI Liu, Zhi/B-3642-2009; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014
OI Liu, Zhi/0000-0002-8973-6561;
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; UCB-KAUST Academic Excellence Alliance (AEA)
Program; Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. K.K. also
acknowledges funding provided by the UCB-KAUST Academic Excellence
Alliance (AEA) Program. This work was performed in part at the Molecular
Foundry and the Advanced Light Source, beamline 9.3.2 of the Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory. The Advanced Light Source is supported by
the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the
U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 61
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 14
U2 112
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9517
EI 1090-2694
J9 J CATAL
JI J. Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 312
BP 17
EP 25
DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2014.01.005
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA AG0ND
UT WOS:000335111300003
ER
PT J
AU Bates, SA
Delgass, WN
Ribeiro, FH
Miller, JT
Gounder, R
AF Bates, Shane A.
Delgass, W. Nicholas
Ribeiro, Fabio H.
Miller, Jeffrey T.
Gounder, Rajamani
TI Methods for NH3 titration of Bronsted acid sites in Cu-zeolites that
catalyze the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3
SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective catalytic reduction of NOx; Copper-exchanged zeolite;
Chabazite; SSZ-13; ZSM-5; Bronsted acid site; NH3 titration of acid
sites; n-Propylamine
ID TEMPERATURE-PROGRAMMED DESORPTION; AMORPHOUS SILICA-ALUMINA;
NITRIC-OXIDE; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; FE-ZSM-5 CATALYSTS; SOLID ACIDS;
H-USY; AMMONIA; CU-SSZ-13; COORDINATION
AB Three methods were developed to use ammonia as a selective titrant of residual Bronsted acid sites in partially Cu-exchanged MFI (ZSM-5) and CHA (SSZ-13) zeolites that mediate the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH3. These methods involved saturation with gas-phase NH3 at 433 K followed by purging in flowing helium, saturation with gas-phase NH3 at 323 K followed by washing with deionized water, or saturation with aqueous NH4NO3 solution (353 K) followed by washing with deionized water. H-ZSM-5 (Si:Al-tot=17-89) and Cu-ZSM-5 (Cu:Al-tot=0-0.27 at Si:Al-tot=17) samples saturated with NH3 using these three methods, and with n-propylamine titrants that react selectively with Bronsted acid sites to form C3H6 and NH3, evolved identical amounts of NH3 in temperature-programmed desorption experiments. The consistency among these four methods indicates that NH3 can be used as a selective titrant of H+ sites in the presence of Lewis acid sites on Cu-zeolites. The number of H+ sites on MFI and CHA zeolites measured by direct chemical titration was often less than the number of framework Al (Al-f) atoms determined from Al-27 MAS NMR spectra (H+:Al-f=0.7-1.0), yet another reminder that Al-f structures can be imprecise surrogates for active H+ sites on zeolites. Although n-propylamine (at 323 K) titrated all H+ sites in Cu-ZSM-5, it titrated in Cu-SSZ-13 (Cu:Al-tot=0-0.20 at Si:Al-tot=4.5) only a small fraction (0-0.26) of the H+ sites that were accessible to NH3, which is the reductant in NO SCR reactions with NH3 (standard SCR). Standard SCR turnover rates on Cu-SSZ-13 samples, after normalization by the number of active Cu(II) sites, showed an apparent zero-order dependence on the number of residual H+ sites measured by NH3 titration. These data suggest that reactive NH4+, intermediates are present in excess, relative to metal-bound NO species, under the SCR conditions studied. The methods reported herein, which titrate Bronsted acid sites selectively in the presence of Lewis acid sites, are useful in investigating the mechanistic role of H+ sites in standard SCR on small-pore Cu-zeolites and in other reactions catalyzed by metal-exchanged zeolites. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bates, Shane A.; Delgass, W. Nicholas; Ribeiro, Fabio H.; Miller, Jeffrey T.; Gounder, Rajamani] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Miller, Jeffrey T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Miller, JT (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Forney Hall Chem Engn,480 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM millerjt@anl.gov; rgounder@purdue.edu
RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011;
OI Ribeiro, Fabio/0000-0001-7752-461X
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) vehicle Technology Program
[DE-EE0003977]; National Science Foundation GOALI program
[1258715-CBET]; U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences [DE-AC0-06CH11357]
FX Financial support was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE)
vehicle Technology Program under Contract DE-EE0003977, and by the
National Science Foundation GOALI program under award number
1258715-CBET. Support for JTM was provided under the auspices of the
U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical
Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences under contract number
DE-AC0-06CH11357. We would like to thank Sachem, Inc. for their gracious
donation of the structure-directing agent used in the synthesis of
SSZ-13. We thank John Harwood (Purdue Interdepartmental NMR Facility)
for acquisition of the 27Al MAS NMR spectra of the SSZ-13
samples. We would also like to thank McKay Easton for his contribution
of the calculation of the stable conformation of n-propylamine, Kaiwalya
Sabnis for his work on a number of TPD experiments included in this
manuscript, Atish Parekh for his contribution of IR spectra, and John
Degenstein for his work on a computer code to make the TPD profile
figures.
NR 53
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 12
U2 137
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9517
EI 1090-2694
J9 J CATAL
JI J. Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 312
BP 26
EP 36
DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.12.020
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA AG0ND
UT WOS:000335111300004
ER
PT J
AU Bates, SA
Verma, AA
Paolucci, C
Parekh, AA
Anggara, T
Yezerets, A
Schneider, WF
Miller, JT
Delgass, WN
Ribeiro, FH
AF Bates, Shane A.
Verma, Anuj A.
Paolucci, Christopher
Parekh, Atish A.
Anggara, Trunojoyo
Yezerets, Aleksey
Schneider, William F.
Miller, Jeffrey T.
Delgass, W. Nicholas
Ribeiro, Fabio H.
TI Identification of the active Cu site in standard selective catalytic
reduction with ammonia on Cu-SSZ-13
SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective catalytic reduction of NO; Cu-chabazite; SSZ-13; Kinetics of
selective catalytic reduction; Active site in Cu-selective catalytic
reduction; Isolated Cu ions in CHA zeolites; Operando X-ray absorption
spectroscopy; Ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy; Density
functional theory of Cu(II) ions in CHA zeolites
ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; H-FORM ZEOLITES; WAVE
BASIS-SET; NITRIC-OXIDE; OXIDATION-STATE; DIAMMINECOPPER(I) ION;
FE-ZSM-5 CATALYST; NO DECOMPOSITION; SSZ-13 ZEOLITE
AB Copper-exchanged SSZ-13 catalysts were used for the standard selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reaction at 473 K with 320 ppm NO, 320 ppm NH3, 10% 02,8% CO2, and 6% H2O. The copper to total aluminum atomic ratio (Cu:Al-tot) was varied from 0 to 0.35 (copper to framework Al ratio (Cu:Al-f) = 0-0.41) over seven samples with silicon to total aluminum atomic ratio (Si:Al-tot) ranging between 4.3 and 4.5 (silicon to framework Al (Si:Al-f) = 5.1-5.3). The standard SCR rate per gram was observed to increase linearly up to Cu:Altot = 0.2 (Cu:Al-f= 0.23) with a maximum rate of 3.8 x 10(-6) mol NO g cat(-1) s(-1), which ruled out heat and mass transfer effects by the Koros-Nowak test. The rate per gram was observed to track with a hydrated Cu(II) species in ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy (UV-Vis-NIR) at ambient conditions. This species was shown by operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to become the active, isolated Cu. Density functional theory calculations identified an exchanged isolated Cu(II) in the six-membered ring of SSZ-13 as the most stable position for isolated Cu(ll). Statistical simulations showed that the number of isolated Cu in six-membered rings containing 2 framework Al reaches a maximum at Cu:Al-f= 0.22 for Si:Al-f= 5.3, which is consistent with the maximum observed rate per gram at Cu:Al-tot = 0.2 (Cu:Al-f= 0.23) and supports the isolated Cu(II) in the six-membered ring as the active Cu species. Above Cu:Al-tot = 0.2 (Cu:Al-f = 0.23), a new CuxOy (x,y >= 1) species was observed from ambient XAS measurements but did not contribute to standard SCR because the rate at Cu:Al-tot= 0.35 (Cu:Al-f = 0.41) still tracked with the amount of hydrated Cu(II), the active site precursor. The standard SCR rate per gram was shown to be inversely related to the number of available Bronsted acid sites, suggesting the kinetically-relevant standard SCR steps were not occurring on those sites in the Cu-SSZ-13 samples, but not ruling them out as contributors to the catalysis. Thus, we suggest the kinetically-relevant steps for standard SCR occur on the isolated Cu(II) species located primarily in exchange positions of the six-membered ring of the SSZ-13 structure. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bates, Shane A.; Verma, Anuj A.; Parekh, Atish A.; Delgass, W. Nicholas; Ribeiro, Fabio H.] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Paolucci, Christopher; Anggara, Trunojoyo; Schneider, William F.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Yezerets, Aleksey] Cummins Inc, Columbus, IN 47201 USA.
[Schneider, William F.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Miller, Jeffrey T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Ribeiro, FH (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, 480 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM fabio@purdue.edu
RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Anggara, Trunojoyo/K-4757-2013;
OI Anggara, Trunojoyo/0000-0003-1073-3550; Ribeiro,
Fabio/0000-0001-7752-461X
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) vehicle Technology Program
[DE-EE0003977]; National Science Foundation GOALI program [1258715-CBET]
FX Financial support was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE)
vehicle Technology Program under Contract No. DE-EE0003977 and by the
National Science Foundation GOALI program under award number
1258715-CBET. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-ACO2-06CH11357. MRCAT operations are
supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions.
Support for JTM was provided under the auspices of the U.S. DOE, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geo-sciences,
and Biosciences under Contract No. DE-AC0-06CH11357. We thank Sachem,
Inc. for their gracious donation of the structure directing agent for
SSZ-13 synthesis. We would also like to thank Paul Dietrich for his help
in executing the XAS experiments at the APS, and the Center for Research
Computing at Notre Dame for support of computational resources.
NR 66
TC 71
Z9 72
U1 41
U2 240
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9517
EI 1090-2694
J9 J CATAL
JI J. Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 312
BP 87
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2014.01.004
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA AG0ND
UT WOS:000335111300010
ER
PT J
AU Verma, AA
Bates, SA
Anggara, T
Paolucci, C
Parekh, AA
Kamasamudram, K
Yezerets, A
Miller, JT
Delgass, WN
Schneider, WF
Ribeiro, FH
AF Verma, Anuj A.
Bates, Shane A.
Anggara, Trunojoyo
Paolucci, Christopher
Parekh, Atish A.
Kamasamudram, Krishna
Yezerets, Aleksey
Miller, Jeffrey T.
Delgass, W. Nicholas
Schneider, William F.
Ribeiro, Fabio H.
TI NO oxidation: A probe reaction on Cu-SSZ-13
SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective catalytic reduction; Chabazite; Kinetics; SSZ-13; NO
oxidation; Active site; Isolated Cu; Ultraviolet-visible-near infrared
spectroscopy; Density functional theory
ID SELECTIVE CATALYTIC-REDUCTION; CU-EXCHANGED ZEOLITES; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL
THEORY; TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; WAVE BASIS-SET; SSZ-13 ZEOLITE;
ACTIVE-SITES; DECOMPOSITION; CU-ZSM-5; COPPER
AB The site requirements and mechanism of dry NO oxidation were examined on a series of Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts (silicon/aluminum atomic ratio = 4.5) with Cu:total-aluminum (Cu/AI(tot)) atomic ratios ranging from 0.02 to 1.6. Catalysts with Cu/Al-tot atomic ratio <0.2 exhibit immeasurable NO oxidation rates (per mole Cu), while NO oxidation rates increase monotonically with Cu/Al-tot atomic ratio from 0.2 up to 0.5. Hydrated Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts with Cu/Al-tot atomic ratio < 0.2 exhibit a near infrared feature at 12,500 cm(-1) under ambient conditions that we assign to a d-d transition of an isolated, hydrated Cu2+ ion. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurements on the same catalysts under ambient conditions quantitatively match a [Cu(H2O)(6)](2+) reference. The 12,500 cm(-1) feature intensity is constant above Cu/Al-tot atomic ratio = 0.2, implying that the additional Cu ions adopt other configurations. Catalysts with Cu/Al-tot atomic ratio > 0.2 also showed an increasing percentage of CuxOy species (clustered Cu2+ ions x >= 2, y >= 1) as quantified by XANES under ambient conditions. Saturation of these isolated Cu2+ sites at Cu/Al-tot atomic ratio = 0.2 is consistent with the expected number of 6-membered ring Al-tot pair sites available to accommodate them. The hydrated isolated Cu2+ ions in catalysts with Cu/Al-tot atomic ratio < 0.2 are quantitatively converted to dehydrated isolated Cu2+ ions under NO oxidation conditions and do not contribute measurably to the rate of NO oxidation. In contrast, in situ XANES experiments show that the CuxOy species remain present under NO oxidation conditions (300 ppm NO, 150 ppm NO2, and 10% O-2, at 300 degrees C) and contribute linearly to the rate of NO oxidation per mole Cu (at 300 degrees C). We used density functional theory (OFT) calculations to compare the ability of isolated Cu ions and Cu dimers (Cu2Oy) species to support NO oxidation. Only the Cu dimers can accommodate adsorption and dissociation of O-2 necessary to catalyze NO oxidation. We hypothesize that activated oxygen enables NO to form NO2 in a kinetically-relevant step. These findings reveal that dry NO oxidation (300 ppm NO, 150 ppm NO2, and 10% O-2) can be used as a probe reaction to identify clustering of Cu ions on Cu-SSZ-13. (c) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Verma, Anuj A.; Bates, Shane A.; Parekh, Atish A.; Delgass, W. Nicholas; Ribeiro, Fabio H.] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Anggara, Trunojoyo; Paolucci, Christopher; Schneider, William F.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Kamasamudram, Krishna; Yezerets, Aleksey] Cummins Inc, Columbus, IN 47201 USA.
[Miller, Jeffrey T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Schneider, WF (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 182 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM wschneider@nd.edu; fabio@purdue.edu
RI ID, MRCAT/G-7586-2011; Anggara, Trunojoyo/K-4757-2013;
OI Anggara, Trunojoyo/0000-0003-1073-3550; Ribeiro,
Fabio/0000-0001-7752-461X
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) vehicle Technology Program [189
DE-EE0003977]; National Science Foundation GOALI program [1258715-CBET];
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC0-06CH11357]
FX Financial support was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE)
vehicle Technology Program under Contract No. 189 DE-EE0003977 and by
the National Science Foundation GOALI program under award number
1258715-CBET. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. MRCAT operations are
supported by the Department of Energy and the MRCAT member institutions.
Computing resources were provided in part by the Notre Dame Center for
Research Computing. Financial support for JTM was provided by the Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences and Biosciences Division, U.S. Department of Energy, under
contract DE-AC0-06CH11357. We thank Paul Dietrich for his help in
executing the XAS experiments at the APS and thank Sachem, Inc. for
their gracious donation of the structure directing agent for SSZ-13
synthesis.
NR 73
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 13
U2 118
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9517
EI 1090-2694
J9 J CATAL
JI J. Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 312
BP 179
EP 190
DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2014.01.017
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA AG0ND
UT WOS:000335111300017
ER
PT J
AU Jallouk, AP
Cummings, PT
AF Jallouk, Andrew P.
Cummings, Peter T.
TI Audibilization: Data Analysis by Ear
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; LIQUID WATER; HYDROGEN-BONDS; GOLD
NANOWIRES; TRANSLOCATION; STABILITY; MODEL
AB As molecular dynamics simulations continue to grow in size and complexity, new techniques are needed to rapidly identify regions of data likely to benefit from further analysis. Audibilization, the conversion of data to sound, facilitates this task by taking advantage of the user's innate ability to identify anomalies in patterns of sound. Audibilization also complements visualization of a molecular simulation by allowing the user to easily correlate changes in numerical quantities with changes in the overall structure of the molecular system. Here we present three examples highlighting the utility of audibilization in the analysis of three different molecular simulations. First, we present a simulation of liquid water in which the lengths of the O-H bonds are calculated at each time step and audibilized. Interestingly, we find that anomalies in the pattern of bond vibration are due to intermolecular interactions but do not correlate with the formation of hydrogen bonds. Next, we present a simulation of the rupture of a gold nanowire. Here we audibilize the nanowire potential energy and illustrate that sharp changes in this value coincide with important structural events such as the formation of monatomic chains and dislocations. Finally, we present a simulation of single-stranded DNA passing through a nanogap. Here the bond angle is audibilized and used to illustrate the conformational changes of each base as it passes through the nanogap. This simulation also illustrates the use of more advanced audibilization techniques such as the multiplexing of audibilized signals and the weighting of certain segments of data relative to others.
C1 [Jallouk, Andrew P.] Washington Univ, Med Scientist Training Program, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
[Cummings, Peter T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Cummings, Peter T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Cummings, PT (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM peter.cummings@vanderbilt.edu
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9618
EI 1549-9626
J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT
JI J. Chem. Theory Comput.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 4
BP 1387
EP 1394
DI 10.1021/ct401105x
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AF2VZ
UT WOS:000334571900004
PM 26580358
ER
PT J
AU Lin, LC
Lee, K
Gagliardi, L
Neaton, JB
Smit, B
AF Lin, Li-Chiang
Lee, Kyuho
Gagliardi, Laura
Neaton, Jeffrey B.
Smit, Berend
TI Force-Field Development from Electronic Structure Calculations with
Periodic Boundary Conditions: Applications to Gaseous Adsorption and
Transport in Metal-Organic Frameworks
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE CAPTURE; CORRECTED DFT CALCULATIONS; CO2 ADSORPTION;
MOLECULAR SIMULATIONS; WATER-ADSORPTION; GAS-ADSORPTION; SITES;
MG-MOF-74; DYNAMICS; MODEL
AB We present a systematic and efficient methodology to derive accurate (nonpolarizable) force fields from periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations for use in classical molecular simulations. The methodology requires reduced computation cost compared with other conventional ways. Moreover, the whole process is performed self-consistently in a fully periodic system. The force fields derived by using this methodology nicely predict the CO2 and H2O adsorption isotherms inside Mg-MOF-74, and is transferable to Zn-MOF-74; by replacing the Mg-CO2 interactions with the corresponding Zn-CO2 interactions, we obtain an accurate prediction of the corresponding isotherm. We have applied this methodology to address the effect of water on the separation of flue gases in these materials. In general, the mixture isotherms of CO2 and H2O calculated with these derived force fields show a significant reduction in CO2 uptake with the existence of trace amounts of water vapor. The effect of water, however, is found to be quantitatively different between Mg- and Zn-MOF-74.
C1 [Lin, Li-Chiang; Lee, Kyuho; Smit, Berend] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lee, Kyuho; Neaton, Jeffrey B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Gagliardi, Laura] Univ Minnesota, Supercomp Inst, Dept Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Gagliardi, Laura] Univ Minnesota, Chem Theory Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Neaton, Jeffrey B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Smit, Berend] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Smit, Berend] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lin, LC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM lichianglin@berkeley.edu; kyuholee@lbl.gov
RI Smit, Berend/B-7580-2009; Lee, Kyuho/B-9370-2008; Lin,
Li-Chiang/J-8120-2014; Neaton, Jeffrey/F-8578-2015; Foundry,
Molecular/G-9968-2014;
OI Smit, Berend/0000-0003-4653-8562; Lee, Kyuho/0000-0001-9325-3717;
Neaton, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7585-6135; Lin, Li-Chiang/0000-0002-2821-9501
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences [DE-FG02-12ER16362];
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Chevron Fellowship; Office of
Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We gratefully thank Prof. Jihan Kim at Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology (KAIST) for providing help with code
modifications to facilitate the development of this methodology. This
research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences under award DE-FG02-12ER16362. Work at the Molecular Foundry
was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
L.-C.L. acknowledges financial support from a Chevron Fellowship. This
research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific
Computing Center (NERSC), which is supported by the Office of Science of
the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 39
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 9
U2 88
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9618
EI 1549-9626
J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT
JI J. Chem. Theory Comput.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 4
BP 1477
EP 1488
DI 10.1021/ct500094w
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AF2VZ
UT WOS:000334571900012
PM 26580364
ER
PT J
AU Marsden, D
Gralla, M
Marriage, TA
Switzer, ER
Partridge, B
Massardi, M
Morales, G
Addison, G
Bond, JR
Crichton, D
Das, S
Devlin, M
Dunner, R
Hajian, A
Hilton, M
Hincks, A
Hughes, JP
Irwin, K
Kosowsky, A
Menanteau, F
Moodley, K
Niemack, M
Page, L
Reese, ED
Schmitt, B
Sehgal, N
Sievers, J
Staggs, S
Swetz, D
Thornton, R
Wollack, E
AF Marsden, Danica
Gralla, Megan
Marriage, Tobias A.
Switzer, Eric R.
Partridge, Bruce
Massardi, Marcella
Morales, Gustavo
Addison, Graeme
Bond, J. Richard
Crichton, Devin
Das, Sudeep
Devlin, Mark
Duenner, Rolando
Hajian, Amir
Hilton, Matt
Hincks, Adam
Hughes, John P.
Irwin, Kent
Kosowsky, Arthur
Menanteau, Felipe
Moodley, Kavilan
Niemack, Michael
Page, Lyman
Reese, Erik D.
Schmitt, Benjamin
Sehgal, Neelima
Sievers, Jonathan
Staggs, Suzanne
Swetz, Daniel
Thornton, Robert
Wollack, Edward
TI The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: dusty star-forming galaxies and active
galactic nuclei in the Southern survey
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE methods: numerical; surveys; galaxies: active; galaxies: high-redshift
ID COEVAL OBSERVATIONS PROJECT; CLERK MAXWELL TELESCOPE; SOURCE CATALOG;
EXTRAGALACTIC SOURCES; POLE TELESCOPE; BOLOMETER CAMERA; BLAZAR
SEQUENCE; NUMBER COUNTS; BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES; REDSHIFT DISTRIBUTION
AB We present a catalogue of 191 extragalactic sources detected by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) at 148 and/or 218 GHz in the 2008 Southern survey. Flux densities span 14 -1700 mJy, and we use source spectral indices derived using ACT-only data to divide our sources into two subpopulations: 167 radio galaxies powered by central active galactic nuclei (AGN) and 24 dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs). We cross-identify 97 per cent of our sources (166 of the AGN and 19 of the DSFGs) with those in currently available catalogues. When combined with flux densities from the Australia Telescope 20 GHz survey and follow-up observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array, the synchrotron-dominated population is seen to exhibit a steepening of the slope of the spectral energy distribution from 20 to 148 GHz, with the trend continuing to 218 GHz. The ACT dust-dominated source population has a median spectral index, alpha(148-218), of 3.7(-0.86)(+0.62), and includes both local galaxies and sources with redshift around 6. Dusty sources with no counterpart in existing catalogues likely belong to a recently discovered subpopulation of DSFGs lensed by foreground galaxies or galaxy groups.
C1 [Marsden, Danica] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Marsden, Danica; Devlin, Mark; Reese, Erik D.; Schmitt, Benjamin] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Gralla, Megan; Marriage, Tobias A.; Crichton, Devin] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Switzer, Eric R.; Wollack, Edward] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Partridge, Bruce] Haverford Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA.
[Massardi, Marcella] Astron Observ Padova, INAF, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
[Morales, Gustavo; Duenner, Rolando] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Dept Astronomia & Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile.
[Addison, Graeme] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T IZ4, Canada.
[Bond, J. Richard; Hajian, Amir; Hincks, Adam; Sievers, Jonathan] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Das, Sudeep] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, LBL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Das, Sudeep] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hilton, Matt; Moodley, Kavilan; Sievers, Jonathan] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa.
[Hughes, John P.; Menanteau, Felipe] State Univ New Jersey, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Irwin, Kent; Swetz, Daniel] NIST Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kosowsky, Arthur] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Niemack, Michael] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Page, Lyman; Sievers, Jonathan; Staggs, Suzanne] Princeton Univ, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Sehgal, Neelima] SUNY Stony Brook, Phys & Astron Dept, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Thornton, Robert] West Chester Univ Penn, Dept Phys, W Chester, PA 19383 USA.
RP Marsden, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM danica@physics.ucsb.edu
RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012;
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Menanteau,
Felipe/0000-0002-1372-2534; Sievers, Jonathan/0000-0001-6903-5074
FU US National Science Foundation [AST-0408698, AST-0965625]; Princeton
University; University of Pennsylvania; Canada Foundation for Innovation
(CFI); NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-0114422]; SciNet; Canada
Foundation for Innovation (CFI) under the Compute Canada; Government of
Ontario; Ontario Research Fund Research Excellence; University of
Toronto; Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de
Chile (CONICYT); Commonwealth of Australia; National Aeronautics and
Space Administration; [PHY-0355328]; [PHY-0855887]; [PHY-1214379];
[AST-0707731]; [PIRE-0507768]; [OISE-0530095]
FX This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation through
awards AST-0408698 and AST-0965625 for the ACT project, and PHY-0355328,
PHY-0855887, PHY-1214379, AST-0707731 and PIRE-0507768 (award number
OISE-0530095). Funding was also provided by Princeton University, the
University of Pennsylvania and a Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI)
award to UBC. ES acknowledges support by NSF Physics Frontier Center
grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics. The
PIRE programme enabled this research through exchanges between Chile,
South Africa, Spain and the US. Computations were performed on the GPC
supercomputer at the SciNet HPC Consortium. SciNet is funded by SciNet
is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) under the
auspices of Compute Canada, the Government of Ontario, the Ontario
Research Fund Research Excellence and the University of Toronto. Data
acquisition electronics were developed with assistance from the CFI. ACT
operates in the Parque Astronmico Atacama in northern Chile under the
auspices of the Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y
Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT).; We thank the staff at the Australia
Telescope Compact Array site, Narrabri (NSW), for the valuable support
they provide in running the telescope. ATCA is part of the Australia
Telescope National Facility which is funded by the Commonwealth of
Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO.; This
research made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is
operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration.
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J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 439
IS 2
BP 1556
EP 1574
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu001
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE6OS
UT WOS:000334114000021
ER
PT J
AU Zu, Y
Weinberg, DH
Rozo, E
Sheldon, ES
Tinker, JL
Becker, MR
AF Zu, Ying
Weinberg, David H.
Rozo, Eduardo
Sheldon, Erin S.
Tinker, Jeremy L.
Becker, Matthew R.
TI Cosmological constraints from the large-scale weak lensing of SDSS
MaxBCG clusters
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE methods: statistical; cosmological parameters; large-scale structure of
Universe
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DARK-MATTER HALOS; LOCAL GALAXY CLUSTERS; X-RAY;
POWER SPECTRA; DATA RELEASE; MASS; CALIBRATION; PRECISION; CATALOG
AB We derive constraints on the matter density Omega(m) and the amplitude of matter clustering Sigma(8) from measurements of large-scale weak lensing (projected separation R = 5-30 h(-1) Mpc) by clusters in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey MaxBCG catalogue. The weak lensing signal is proportional to the product of Omega(m) and the cluster-mass correlation function xi(cm). With the relation between optical richness and cluster mass constrained by the observed cluster number counts, the predicted lensing signal increases with increasing Omega(m) or Sigma(8), with mild additional dependence on the assumed scatter between richness and mass. The dependence of the signal on scale and richness partly breaks the degeneracies among these parameters. We incorporate external priors on the richness-mass scatter from comparisons to X-ray data and on the shape of the matter power spectrum from galaxy clustering, and we test our adopted model for xi(cm) against N-body simulations. Using a Bayesian approach with minimal restrictive priors, we find Sigma(8)((m)/0.325)(0.501) = 0.828 +/- 0.049, with marginalized constraints of Omega(m) = 0.325(-0.067)(+0.086) and sigma(8) = 0.828(-0.097)(+0.111), consistent with constraints from other MaxBCG studies that use weak lensing measurements on small scales (R < 2 h(-1) Mpc). The ((m), Sigma(8)) constraint is consistent with and orthogonal to the one inferred from Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe cosmic microwave background data, reflecting agreement with the structure growth predicted by General Relativity for a Lambda cold dark matter (Lambda CDM) cosmological model. A joint constraint assuming Lambda CDM yields Omega M = 0.298(-0.020)(+0.019) AND sigma 8 = 0.831(-0.020)(+0.020) . For these parameters and our best-fitting scatter, we obtain a tightly constrained mean richness-mass relation of MaxBCG clusters, N-200 = 25.4(M/3.61 x 10(14) h(-1) M-circle dot)(0.74), with a normalization uncertainty of 1.5 per cent. Our cosmological parameter errors are dominated by the statistical uncertainties of the large-scale weak lensing measurements, which should shrink sharply with current and future imaging surveys.
C1 [Zu, Ying; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Zu, Ying; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, CCAPP, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Rozo, Eduardo] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Rozo, Eduardo; Becker, Matthew R.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Sheldon, Erin S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Tinker, Jeremy L.] NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA.
[Becker, Matthew R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Zu, Y (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM yingzu@astronomy.ohio-state.edu
OI Becker, Matthew/0000-0001-7774-2246; Zu, Ying/0000-0001-6966-6925
FU NSF [AST-1009505]; NASA through the Einstein Fellowship Program
[PF9-00068]; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University
of Chicago [NSF PHY-0114422, NSF PHY-0551142]; Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy;
National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho;
Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England;
American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam;
University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve
University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab;
Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins
University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute
for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese
Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory;
Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for
Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University;
University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton
University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington;
Kavli Foundation
FX We thank Anatoly Klypin for providing the L1000W simulation and Uros
Seljak for constructive discussions. We also thank the anonymous referee
for helpful comments. DHW and YZ are supported by the NSF grant
AST-1009505. ER is funded by NASA through the Einstein Fellowship
Program, grant PF9-00068. MRB is supported in part by the Kavli
Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through
grants NSF PHY-0114422 and NSF PHY-0551142, and an endowment from the
Kavli Foundation and its founder Fred Kavli.; Funding for the SDSS and
SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the
Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the US
Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration,
the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher
Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS web site is
http://www.sdss.org/.; The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research
Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating
Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical
Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case
Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University,
Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation
Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear
Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and
Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences
(LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for
Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New
Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of
Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United
States Naval Observatory and the University of Washington.
NR 51
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EI 1365-2966
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JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 439
IS 2
BP 1628
EP 1647
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu033
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE6OS
UT WOS:000334114000026
ER
PT J
AU Mazzali, PA
Sullivan, M
Hachinger, S
Ellis, RS
Nugent, PE
Howell, DA
Gal-Yam, A
Maguire, K
Cooke, J
Thomas, R
Nomoto, K
Walker, ES
AF Mazzali, P. A.
Sullivan, M.
Hachinger, S.
Ellis, R. S.
Nugent, P. E.
Howell, D. A.
Gal-Yam, A.
Maguire, K.
Cooke, J.
Thomas, R.
Nomoto, K.
Walker, E. S.
TI Hubble Space Telescope spectra of the Type Ia supernova SN 2011fe: a
tail of low-density, high-velocity material with Z < Z(circle dot)
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE radiative transfer; techniques: spectroscopic; supernovae: general;
supernovae: individual: SN 2011fe
ID CHANDRASEKHAR-MASS MODELS; LIGHT CURVES; ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRA; ABUNDANCE
STRATIFICATION; DARK-ENERGY; LUMINOSITY INDICATORS; NEBULAR SPECTRA;
LEGACY SURVEY; WHITE-DWARFS; LOW-REDSHIFT
AB Hubble Space Telescope spectroscopic observations of the nearby Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2011fe, taken on 10 epochs from -13.1 to +40.8 d relative to B-band maximum light, and spanning the far-ultraviolet (UV) to the near-infrared (IR) are presented. This spectroscopic coverage makes SN 2011fe the best-studied local SN Ia to date. SN 2011fe is a typical moderately luminous SN Ia with no evidence for dust extinction. Its near-UV spectral properties are representative of a larger sample of local events (Maguire et al.). The near-UV to optical spectra of SN 2011fe are modelled with a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code using the technique of 'abundance tomography', constraining the density structure and the abundance stratification in the SN ejecta. SN 2011fe was a relatively weak explosion, with moderate Fe-group yields. The density structures of the classical model W7 and of a delayed detonation model were tested. Both have shortcomings. An ad hoc density distribution was developed which yields improved fits and is characterized by a high-velocity tail, which is absent in W7. However, this tail contains less mass than delayed detonation models. This improved model has a lower energy than one-dimensional explosion models matching typical SNe Ia (e.g. W7, WDD1; Iwamoto et al.). The derived Fe abundance in the outermost layer is consistent with the metallicity at the SN explosion site in M101 (similar to 0.5 Z(circle dot)). The spectroscopic rise-time (similar to 19 d) is significantly longer than that measured from the early optical light curve, implying a 'dark phase' of similar to 1 d. A longer rise-time has significant implications when deducing the properties of the white dwarf and binary system from the early photometric behaviour.
C1 [Mazzali, P. A.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England.
[Mazzali, P. A.; Hachinger, S.] Ist Nazl Astrofis OAPd, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
[Mazzali, P. A.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Sullivan, M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Hachinger, S.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
[Ellis, R. S.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Nugent, P. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Nugent, P. E.; Thomas, R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Howell, D. A.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA 93117 USA.
[Howell, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Gal-Yam, A.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Maguire, K.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Cooke, J.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Nomoto, K.] Univ Tokyo, Kavli IPMU, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan.
[Walker, E. S.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
RP Mazzali, PA (reprint author), Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, IC2,Liverpool Sci Pk,146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England.
EM mazzali@MPA-Garching.MPG.DE
FU NASA [NAS 5-26555]; Italian Space Agency [ASI-INAF I/009/10/0]; Minerva
foundation (ARCHES award); Royal Society; BSF; EU; ARCHES prize; Kimmel
Award for Innovative Investigation; Minerva foundation; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration; [12298]
FX This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA HST, obtained
at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the
Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA
contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with programme
#12298. Based on observations made with the Italian TNG operated on the
island of La Palma by the Fundacion Galileo Galilei of the INAF
(Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica) at the Spanish Observatorio del
Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. We
would like to thank the TNG staff for their support. PAM and SH
acknowledge support from the Italian Space Agency under programme
ASI-INAF I/009/10/0, and SH acknowledges further support from the
Minerva foundation (ARCHES award). MS acknowledges support from the
Royal Society. Research by AG is supported by grants from the BSF, the
EU via an FP7/ERC grant, the ARCHES prize and the Kimmel Award for
Innovative Investigation. Collaborative work between AG and PAM is
supported by the Minerva foundation. We have made use of the NASA/IPAC
Extragalactic Database (NED, http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu, operated by
the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration).
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JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 439
IS 2
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EP 1979
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu077
PG 21
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SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE6OS
UT WOS:000334114000045
ER
PT J
AU Percival, WJ
Ross, AJ
Sanchez, AG
Samushia, L
Burden, A
Crittenden, R
Cuesta, AJ
Magana, MV
Manera, M
Beutler, F
Chuang, CH
Eisenstein, DJ
Ho, S
McBride, CK
Montesano, F
Padmanabhan, N
Reid, B
Saito, S
Schneider, DP
Seo, HJ
Tojeiro, R
Weaver, BA
AF Percival, Will J.
Ross, Ashley J.
Sanchez, Ariel G.
Samushia, Lado
Burden, Angela
Crittenden, Robert
Cuesta, Antonio J.
Magana, Mariana Vargas
Manera, Marc
Beutler, Florian
Chuang, Chia-Hsun
Eisenstein, Daniel J.
Ho, Shirley
McBride, Cameron K.
Montesano, Francesco
Padmanabhan, Nikhil
Reid, Beth
Saito, Shun
Schneider, Donald P.
Seo, Hee-Jong
Tojeiro, Rita
Weaver, Benjamin A.
TI The clustering of Galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation
Spectroscopic Survey: including covariance matrix errors
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology: observations; distance scale; large-scale structure of
Universe
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; DATA RELEASE; UNIVERSE;
GROWTH; SAMPLE; Z=0.57
AB We present improved methodology for including covariance matrices in the error budget of Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) galaxy clustering measurements, revisiting Data Release 9 (DR9) analyses, and describing a method that is used in DR10/11 analyses presented in companion papers. The precise analysis method adopted is becoming increasingly important, due to the precision that BOSS can now reach: even using as many as 600 mock catalogues to estimate covariance of two-point clustering measurements can still lead to an increase in the errors of similar to 20 per cent, depending on how the cosmological parameters of interest are measured. In this paper, we extend previous work on this contribution to the error budget, deriving formulae for errors measured by integrating over the likelihood, and to the distribution of recovered best-fitting parameters fitting the simulations also used to estimate the covariance matrix. Both are situations that previous analyses of BOSS have considered. We apply the formulae derived to baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) and redshift-space distortion (RSD) measurements from BOSS in our companion papers. To further aid these analyses, we consider the optimum number of bins to use for two-point measurements using the monopole power spectrum or correlation function for BAO, and the monopole and quadrupole moments of the correlation function for anisotropic-BAO and RSD measurements.
C1 [Percival, Will J.; Ross, Ashley J.; Samushia, Lado; Burden, Angela; Crittenden, Robert; Manera, Marc; Tojeiro, Rita] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth P01 3FX, Hants, England.
[Sanchez, Ariel G.; Montesano, Francesco; Padmanabhan, Nikhil] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Samushia, Lado] Ilia State Univ, Natl Abastumani Astrophys Observ, GE-1060 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia.
[Cuesta, Antonio J.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Magana, Mariana Vargas; Ho, Shirley] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Bruce & Astrid McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Beutler, Florian; Reid, Beth; Saito, Shun; Seo, Hee-Jong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chuang, Chia-Hsun] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Fs Teor, UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Eisenstein, Daniel J.; McBride, Cameron K.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Saito, Shun] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe WPI, Todai Inst Adv Study, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
[Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Weaver, Benjamin A.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA.
RP Percival, WJ (reprint author), Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Dennis Sciama Bldg, Portsmouth P01 3FX, Hants, England.
EM will.percival@port.ac.uk
RI Ho, Shirley/P-3682-2014;
OI Ho, Shirley/0000-0002-1068-160X; Beutler, Florian/0000-0003-0467-5438;
Cuesta Vazquez, Antonio Jose/0000-0002-4153-9470
FU UK Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/K0090X/1];
European Research Council [202686]; Trans-regional Collaborative
Research Centre 'The Dark Universe' of the German Research Foundation
(DFG) [TR33]; HEFCE; STFC; CGI/Intel; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation;
National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science;
University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven
National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon
University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German
Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de
Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns
Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck
Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial
Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State
University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth;
Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo;
University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia;
University of Washington; Yale University
FX WJP acknowledges support from the UK Science & Technology Facilities
Council (STFC) through the consolidated grant ST/K0090X/1 and from the
European Research Council through the 'Starting Independent Research'
grant 202686, MDEPUGS. AGS acknowledges support from the Trans-regional
Collaborative Research Centre TR33 'The Dark Universe' of the German
Research Foundation (DFG). Power spectrum calculations and fits made use
of the COSMOS/Universe super-computer, a UK-Dirac facility supported by
HEFCE and STFC in cooperation with CGI/Intel.; Funding for SDSS-III has
been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating
Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of
Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III website is
http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical
Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III
Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian
Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of
Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French
Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University,
the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre
Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max
Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State
University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania
State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the
Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah,
Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington,
and Yale University.
NR 31
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JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 439
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BP 2531
EP 2541
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu112
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE6PB
UT WOS:000334114900025
ER
PT J
AU Matt, G
Marinucci, A
Guainazzi, M
Brenneman, LW
Elvis, M
Lohfink, A
Arevalo, P
Boggs, SE
Cappi, M
Christensen, FE
Craig, WW
Fabian, AC
Fuerst, F
Hailey, CJ
Harrison, FA
Parker, M
Reynolds, CS
Stern, D
Walton, DJ
Zhang, WW
AF Matt, G.
Marinucci, A.
Guainazzi, M.
Brenneman, L. W.
Elvis, M.
Lohfink, A.
Arevalo, P.
Boggs, S. E.
Cappi, M.
Christensen, F. E.
Craig, W. W.
Fabian, A. C.
Fuerst, F.
Hailey, C. J.
Harrison, F. A.
Parker, M.
Reynolds, C. S.
Stern, D.
Walton, D. J.
Zhang, W. W.
TI The soft-X-ray emission of Ark 120. XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, and the
importance of taking the broad view
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion discs; galaxies: active; galaxies: individual: Ark
120
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BLACK-HOLE SPIN; LINE REGION SIZES; SUZAKU
OBSERVATIONS; CENTRAL MASSES; SKY SURVEY; SPECTRA; EXCESS;
PHOTOIONIZATION; SEYFERT-1
AB We present simultaneous XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations of the 'bare' Seyfert 1 galaxy, Ark 120, a system in which ionized absorption is absent. The NuSTAR hard-X-ray spectral coverage allows us to constrain different models for the excess soft-X-ray emission. Among phenomenological models, a cutoff power law best explains the soft-X-ray emission. This model likely corresponds to Comptonization of the accretion disc seed UV photons by a population of warm electrons: using Comptonization models, a temperature of similar to 0.3 keV and an optical depth of similar to 13 are found. If the UV-to-X-ray optxagnf model is applied, the UV fluxes from the XMM-Newton Optical Monitor suggest an intermediate black hole spin. Contrary to several other sources observed by NuSTAR, no high-energy cutoff is detected with a lower limit of 190 keV.
C1 [Matt, G.; Marinucci, A.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, I-00146 Rome, Italy.
[Guainazzi, M.] European Space Astron Ctr ESA, E-28080 Madrid, Spain.
[Brenneman, L. W.; Elvis, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Lohfink, A.; Reynolds, C. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Arevalo, P.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Fac Fis, Santiago 22, Chile.
[Boggs, S. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cappi, M.] IASF Bologna, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Christensen, F. E.; Craig, W. W.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space Natl Space Inst, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
[Craig, W. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Fabian, A. C.; Parker, M.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
[Fuerst, F.; Harrison, F. A.; Walton, D. J.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Hailey, C. J.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Zhang, W. W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Matt, G (reprint author), Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Via Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy.
EM matt@fis.uniroma3.it
RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015; Cappi, Massimo/F-4813-2015;
OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; Cappi, Massimo/0000-0001-6966-8920
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; ESA Member States; USA
(NASA); Italian Space Agency under grant ASI/INAF [I/037/12/0-011/13];
European Union [312789]
FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments which helped us to
improve the clarity of the paper, and Chris Done for comments and
advices on the OPTXAGNF model. This work has made use of data from the
NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology,
managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations,
Software and Calibration teams for support with the execution and
analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the
NUSTARDAS jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy)
and the California Institute of Technology (USA). The work is also based
on observations obtained with XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with
instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and
the USA (NASA). GM and AM acknowledge financial support from Italian
Space Agency under grant ASI/INAF I/037/12/0-011/13 and from the
European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant
agreement n. 312789.
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PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 439
IS 3
BP 3016
EP 3021
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu159
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE6PB
UT WOS:000334114900063
ER
PT J
AU Myers, AT
Klein, RI
Krumholz, MR
McKee, CF
AF Myers, Andrew T.
Klein, Richard I.
Krumholz, Mark R.
McKee, Christopher F.
TI Star cluster formation in turbulent, magnetized dense clumps with
radiative and outflow feedback
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetic fields; radiative transfer; turbulence; stars: formation;
stars: luminosity function, mass function; stars: protostars
ID INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT; SELF-SIMILAR COLLAPSE;
ORION NEBULA CLUSTER; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; DRIVEN TURBULENCE; FORMING
REGIONS; MHD TURBULENCE; HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; INTERSTELLAR
TURBULENCE
AB We present three orion simulations of star cluster formation in a 1000 M-circle dot, turbulent molecular cloud clump, including the effects of radiative transfer, protostellar outflows, and magnetic fields. Our simulations all use self-consistent turbulent initial conditions and vary the mean mass-to-flux ratio relative to the critical value over mu(Phi) = 2, mu(Phi) = 10, and mu(Phi) = infinity to gauge the influence of magnetic fields on star cluster formation. We find, in good agreement with previous studies, that magnetic fields corresponding to mu(Phi) = 2 lower the star formation rate by a factor of approximate to 2.4 and reduce the amount of fragmentation by a factor of approximate to 2 relative to the zero-field case. We also find that the field increases the characteristic sink particle mass, again by a factor of approximate to 2.4. The magnetic field also increases the degree of clustering in our simulations, such that the maximum stellar densities in the mu(Phi) = 2 case are higher than the others by again a factor of approximate to 2. This clustering tends to encourage the formation of multiple systems, which are more common in the rad-MHD runs than the rad-hydro run. The companion frequency in our simulations is consistent with observations of multiplicity in Class I sources, particularly for the mu(Phi) = 2 case. Finally, we find evidence of primordial mass segregation in our simulations reminiscent of that observed in star clusters like the Orion Nebula Cluster.
C1 [Myers, Andrew T.; McKee, Christopher F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Klein, Richard I.; McKee, Christopher F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Klein, Richard I.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Krumholz, Mark R.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Myers, AT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM atmyers@gmail.com
OI Krumholz, Mark/0000-0003-3893-854X
FU NASA through ATP [NNX13AB84G]; Chandra Space Telescope grant; NSF
[AST-0908553, NSF12-11729, CAREER-0955300]; Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship;
US Department of Energy at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-B602360]; NASA through ATFP
FX ATM wishes to acknowledge the anonymous referee for a thorough report
that improved the paper, and to thank Andrew Cunningham and Eve Lee for
fruitful discussions while the paper was in preparation. Support for
this work was provided by NASA through ATP grant NNX13AB84G (RIK, MRK,
and CFM) and a Chandra Space Telescope grant (MRK); the NSF through
grants AST-0908553 and NSF12-11729 (ATM, RIK, and CFM) and grant
CAREER-0955300 (MRK); an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship (MRK); and the US
Department of Energy at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 (AJC and RIK) and grant LLNL-B602360 (ATM).
Supercomputing support was provided by NASA through a grant from the
ATFP. We have used the YT toolkit (Turk et al. 2011) for data analysis
and plotting.
NR 104
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PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 439
IS 4
BP 3420
EP 3438
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu190
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE6PG
UT WOS:000334115400018
ER
PT J
AU Samushia, L
Reid, BA
White, M
Percival, WJ
Cuesta, AJ
Zhao, GB
Ross, AJ
Manera, M
Aubourg, E
Beutler, F
Brinkmann, J
Brownstein, JR
Dawson, KS
Eisenstein, DJ
Ho, S
Honscheid, K
Maraston, C
Montesano, F
Nichol, RC
Roe, NA
Ross, NP
Sanchez, AG
Schlegel, DJ
Schneider, DP
Streblyanska, A
Thomas, D
Tinker, JL
Wake, DA
Weaver, BA
Zehavi, I
AF Samushia, Lado
Reid, Beth A.
White, Martin
Percival, Will J.
Cuesta, Antonio J.
Zhao, Gong-Bo
Ross, Ashley J.
Manera, Marc
Aubourg, Eric
Beutler, Florian
Brinkmann, Jon
Brownstein, Joel R.
Dawson, Kyle S.
Eisenstein, Daniel J.
Ho, Shirley
Honscheid, Klaus
Maraston, Claudia
Montesano, Francesco
Nichol, Robert C.
Roe, Natalie A.
Ross, Nicholas P.
Sanchez, Ariel G.
Schlegel, David J.
Schneider, Donald P.
Streblyanska, Alina
Thomas, Daniel
Tinker, Jeremy L.
Wake, David A.
Weaver, Benjamin A.
Zehavi, Idit
TI The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation
Spectroscopic Survey: measuring growth rate and geometry with
anisotropic clustering
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE gravitation; cosmological parameters; dark energy; dark matter; distance
scale; large-scale structure of Universe
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DARK ENERGY SURVEY; SPACE DISTORTION MEASUREMENTS;
REDSHIFT-SPACE; ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; COSMIC
ACCELERATION; SYSTEMATIC-ERRORS; CENT DISTANCE; SCALE
AB We use the observed anisotropic clustering of galaxies in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 11 CMASS sample to measure the linear growth rate of structure, the Hubble expansion rate and the comoving distance scale. Our sample covers 8498 deg(2) and encloses an effective volume of 6 Gpc(3) at an effective redshift of (z) over bar = 0.57. We find f Sigma(8) = 0.441 +/- 0.044, H = 93.1 +/- 3.0 km s(-1) Mpc(-1) and D-A = 1380 +/- 23 Mpc when fitting the growth and expansion rate simultaneously. When we fix the background expansion to the one predicted by spatially flat Lambda cold dark matter (Lambda CDM) model in agreement with recent Planck results, we find f Sigma(8) = 0.447 +/- 0.028 (6 per cent accuracy). While our measurements are generally consistent with the predictions of Lambda CDM and general relativity, they mildly favour models in which the strength of gravitational interactions is weaker than what is predicted by general relativity. Combining our measurements with recent cosmic microwave background data results in tight constraints on basic cosmological parameters and deviations from the standard cosmological model. Separately varying these parameters, we find w = -0.983 +/- 0.075 (8 per cent accuracy) and gamma = 0.69 +/- 0.11 (16 per cent accuracy) for the effective equation of state of dark energy and the growth rate index, respectively. Both constraints are in good agreement with the standard model values of w = -1 and gamma = 0.554.
C1 [Samushia, Lado; Percival, Will J.; Zhao, Gong-Bo; Ross, Ashley J.; Manera, Marc; Maraston, Claudia; Nichol, Robert C.; Thomas, Daniel] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth P01 3FX, Hants, England.
[Samushia, Lado] Ilia State Univ, Natl Abastumani Astrophys Observ, GE-1060 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia.
[Reid, Beth A.; White, Martin; Beutler, Florian; Roe, Natalie A.; Ross, Nicholas P.; Schlegel, David J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Reid, Beth A.; White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Reid, Beth A.; White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cuesta, Antonio J.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Cuesta, Antonio J.] CSIC, IEEC UB, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Zhao, Gong-Bo] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.
[Manera, Marc] UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Aubourg, Eric] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, IN2P3, APC,CEA Irfu,Obs Paris,Sorbonne Paris Cit, F-75205 Paris, France.
[Brinkmann, Jon] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
[Brownstein, Joel R.; Dawson, Kyle S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Eisenstein, Daniel J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Ho, Shirley] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Honscheid, Klaus] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Honscheid, Klaus] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Montesano, Francesco; Sanchez, Ariel G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Ross, Nicholas P.] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Streblyanska, Alina] IAC, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain.
[Streblyanska, Alina] ULL, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain.
[Tinker, Jeremy L.; Weaver, Benjamin A.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA.
[Wake, David A.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Wake, David A.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
[Zehavi, Idit] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Astron, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
RP Samushia, L (reprint author), Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Dennis Sciama Bldg, Portsmouth P01 3FX, Hants, England.
EM lado.samushia@port.ac.uk
RI Ho, Shirley/P-3682-2014; White, Martin/I-3880-2015;
OI Ho, Shirley/0000-0002-1068-160X; White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070;
Beutler, Florian/0000-0003-0467-5438; Cuesta Vazquez, Antonio
Jose/0000-0002-4153-9470
FU European Research Council; NASA through Hubble Fellowship [51280]; Space
Telescope Science Institute; NASA [NAS 5-26555]; Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office
of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group;
Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon
University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German
Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de
Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns
Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck
Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial
Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State
University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth;
Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo;
University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia;
University of Washington; Yale University
FX LS gratefully acknowledges support by the European Research Council. BAR
gratefully acknowledges support provided by NASA through Hubble
Fellowship grant 51280 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute,
which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in
Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. Funding for
SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the
Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation and the US
Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III website is
http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical
Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III
Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian
Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of
Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French
Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University,
the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre
Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max
Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State
University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania
State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the
Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah,
Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington
and Yale University.
NR 81
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PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 439
IS 4
BP 3504
EP 3519
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu197
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE6PG
UT WOS:000334115400024
ER
PT J
AU White, M
AF White, Martin
TI The Zel'dovich approximation
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE gravitation; galaxies: haloes; galaxies: statistics; cosmological
parameters; large-scale structure of Universe
ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; N-BODY SIMULATIONS; LAGRANGIAN
PERTURBATION-THEORY; QUASI-LINEAR REGIME; REDSHIFT-SPACE;
GRAVITATIONAL-INSTABILITY; MODEL; GALAXIES; UNIVERSE; ACCURATE
AB This year marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of Yakov Zel'dovich. Amongst his many legacies is the Zel'dovich approximation for the growth of large-scale structure, which remains one of the most successful and insightful analytic models of structure formation. We use the Zel'dovich approximation to compute the two-point function of the matter and biased tracers, and compare to the results of N-body simulations and other Lagrangian perturbation theories. We show that Lagrangian perturbation theories converge well and that the Zel'dovich approximation provides a good fit to the N-body results except for the quadrupole moment of the halo correlation function. We extend the calculation of halo bias to third order and also consider non-local biasing schemes, none of which remove the discrepancy. We argue that a part of the discrepancy owes to an incorrect prediction of inter-halo velocity correlations. We use the Zel'dovich approximation to compute the ingredients of the Gaussian streaming model and show that this hybrid method provides a good fit to clustering of haloes in redshift space down to scales of tens of Mpc.
C1 [White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP White, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mwhite@berkeley.edu
RI White, Martin/I-3880-2015
OI White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070
FU NASA
FX MW would like to thank Matt McQuinn for numerous helpful conversations
about this work and the referee, Adrian Melott, for comments which
improved the draft. MW is supported by NASA. This work made extensive
use of the NASA Astrophysics Data System and of the astro-ph preprint
archive at arXiv.org. The analysis made use of the computing resources
of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center.
NR 58
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PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 439
IS 4
BP 3630
EP 3640
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu209
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE6PG
UT WOS:000334115400033
ER
PT J
AU Manley, ME
Lynn, JW
Abernathy, DL
Specht, ED
Delaire, O
Bishop, AR
Sahul, R
Budai, JD
AF Manley, M. E.
Lynn, J. W.
Abernathy, D. L.
Specht, E. D.
Delaire, O.
Bishop, A. R.
Sahul, R.
Budai, J. D.
TI Phonon localization drives polar nanoregions in a relaxor ferroelectric
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANDERSON LOCALIZATION; CRYSTALS; SCATTERING; BEHAVIOR; MODES
AB Relaxor ferroelectrics exemplify a class of functional materials where interplay between disorder and phase instability results in inhomogeneous nanoregions. Although known for about 30 years, there is no definitive explanation for polar nanoregions (PNRs). Here we show that ferroelectric phonon localization drives PNRs in relaxor ferroelectric PMN-30% PT using neutron scattering. At the frequency of a preexisting resonance mode, nanoregions of standing ferroelectric phonons develop with a coherence length equal to one wavelength and the PNR size. Anderson localization of ferroelectric phonons by resonance modes explains our observations and, with nonlinear slowing, the PNRs and relaxor properties. Phonon localization at additional resonances near the zone edges explains competing antiferroelectric distortions known to occur at the zone edges. Our results indicate the size and shape of PNRs that are not dictated by complex structural details, as commonly assumed, but by phonon resonance wave vectors. This discovery could guide the design of next generation relaxor ferroelectrics.
C1 [Manley, M. E.; Specht, E. D.; Delaire, O.; Budai, J. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Lynn, J. W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Abernathy, D. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Bishop, A. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Sahul, R.] TRS Technol, State Coll, PA 16801 USA.
RP Manley, ME (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM manleyme@ornl.gov
RI Abernathy, Douglas/A-3038-2012; Manley, Michael/N-4334-2015; BL18,
ARCS/A-3000-2012; Budai, John/R-9276-2016
OI Abernathy, Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X; Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials
Sciences and Engineering Division; National Institute of Standards and
Technology, US Department of Commerce; US Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences
FX Research was sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. We
acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, US Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron research
facilities used in this work. The identification of any commercial
product or trade name does not imply endorsement or recommendation by
the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The portion of this
research performed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation
Neutron Source was sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences. We acknowledge discussions with Takeshi Egami,
Sergey Vakhrushev and Alexander Taganstev. We also thank Judy Pang, Ben
Larson and Chen Li for proof reading the manuscript.
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PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 5
AR 3683
DI 10.1038/ncomms4683
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AG2CB
UT WOS:000335221900002
PM 24718289
ER
PT J
AU Pulecio, JF
Warnicke, P
Pollard, SD
Arena, DA
Zhu, Y
AF Pulecio, J. F.
Warnicke, P.
Pollard, S. D.
Arena, D. A.
Zhu, Y.
TI Coherence and modality of driven interlayer-coupled magnetic vortices
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID DOMAIN-WALL MOTION; VORTEX-CORE; RESONANT AMPLIFICATION; PHASE-LOCKING;
OSCILLATIONS; DYNAMICS; PULSES; CHAOS; FIELD
AB The high-frequency dynamics of mode-coupled magnetic vortices have generated great interest for spintronic technologies, such as spin-torque nano-oscillators. While the spectroscopic characteristics of vortex oscillators have been reported, direct imaging of driven coupled magnetic quasi-particles is essential to the fundamental understanding of the dynamics involved. Here, we present the first direct imaging study of driven interlayer coaxial vortices in the dipolar-and indirect exchange-coupled regimes. Employing in situ high-frequency excitation with Lorentz microscopy, we directly observe the steady-state orbital amplitudes in real space with sub-5 nm spatial resolution. We discuss the unique frequency response of dipolar-and exchange-coupled vortex motion, wherein mode splitting and locking demonstrates large variations in coherent motion, as well as detail the resultant orbital amplitudes. This provides critical insights of the fundamental features of collective vortex-based microwave generators, such as their steady-state amplitudes, tunability and mode-coupled motion.
C1 [Pulecio, J. F.; Pollard, S. D.; Zhu, Y.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Warnicke, P.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Pollard, S. D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Arena, D. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Pulecio, JF (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM javier.f.pulecio@gmail.com; zhu@bnl.gov
RI Pollard, Shawn/H-2722-2012; Pollard, Shawn/I-5360-2015;
OI Warnicke, Peter/0000-0002-5252-6392; Pollard, Shawn/0000-0001-9691-0997
FU US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886];
Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory
FX This research was full supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic
Energy Sciences, under Contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Fabrication of
the devices was supported in part by the Center for Functional
Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory. We would like to thank
Fernando Camino and Anthony Bollinger for technical assistance.
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PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 5
AR 3760
DI 10.1038/ncomms4760
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AG2CW
UT WOS:000335224400001
PM 24781790
ER
PT J
AU Auge, WK
Ganguly, K
Goodwin, PM
Gadomski, A
Gehlert, RJ
AF Auge, W. K.
Ganguly, K.
Goodwin, P. M.
Gadomski, A.
Gehlert, R. J.
TI LIPID DISTRIBUTION IN HUMAN KNEE AND HIP ARTICULAR CARTILAGE CORRELATED
TO TISSUE SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND SURFACE ACTIVE PHOSPHOLIPID LAYER
PRESENCE: EVIDENCE OF COOPERATIVE INTERFACIAL LIPID DELIVERY MECHANISMS
SO OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT World Congress of the Osteoarthritis-Research-Society-International
(OARSI)
CY APR 24-27, 2014
CL Paris, FRANCE
SP Osteoarthritis Res Soc Int
C1 [Auge, W. K.] NuOrtho Surg Inc, Dept Res & Dev, Fall River, MA USA.
[Ganguly, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, BioSci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Goodwin, P. M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Gadomski, A.] Univ Technol & Life Sc, Inst Math & Phys, Dept Phys, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
[Gehlert, R. J.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1063-4584
EI 1522-9653
J9 OSTEOARTHR CARTILAGE
JI Osteoarthritis Cartilage
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 22
SU S
BP S312
EP S313
PG 2
WC Orthopedics; Rheumatology
SC Orthopedics; Rheumatology
GA AG4XX
UT WOS:000335424800562
ER
PT J
AU Donovan, D
Nygren, R
Buchenauer, D
Watkins, J
Rudakov, D
Leonard, A
Wong, CPC
Makowski, M
AF Donovan, D.
Nygren, R.
Buchenauer, D.
Watkins, J.
Rudakov, D.
Leonard, A.
Wong, C. P. C.
Makowski, M.
TI Divertor sheath power studies in DIII-D using fixed Langmuir probes and
three-dimensional modeling of tile heat flows
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Plasma-Facing Materials and
Components(PFMC)
CY MAY, 2013
CL undefined, GERMANY
DE fusion; DIII-D; divertor; sheath; Langmuir probe; thermocouple
ID TRANSMISSION FACTOR
AB Experimental results are presented from the three-Langmuir probe (LP) diagnostic head of the divertor material evaluation system (DiMES) on DIII-D that confirm the size of the projected current collection area of the LPs, which is essential for properly measuring ion saturation current density (J(sat)) and the sheath power transmission factor (SPTF). Also using the 3-LP DiMES head, the hypothesis that collisional effects on plasma density occurring in the magnetic sheath of the tile are responsible for a lower than expected SPTF is tested and deemed not to have a significant impact on the SPTF. Three-dimensional thermal modeling of wall tiles is presented that accounts for lateral heat conduction, temperature dependence of tile material properties and radiative heat loss from the tile surface. This modeling was developed to be used in the analysis of temperature profiles of the divertor embedded thermocouple (TC) array to obtain more accurate interpretations of TC temperature profiles to infer divertor surface heat flux than have previously been accomplished using more basic one-dimensional methods.
C1 [Donovan, D.; Buchenauer, D.; Watkins, J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Nygren, R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Rudakov, D.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Leonard, A.; Wong, C. P. C.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[Makowski, M.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Donovan, D (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM dcdonov@sandia.gov
FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000, 2013-3918 C]; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC03-89ER51114, DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-AC52-07NA27344, 44500007360]
FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and
operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed
Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000, SAND number:
2013-3918 C. This work was also supported by US Department of Energy
under DE-AC03-89ER51114, DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-AC52-07NA27344 and
44500007360.
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
EI 1402-4896
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL T159
AR 014064
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2014/T159/014064
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AF6TP
UT WOS:000334847800065
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, FW
Hijazi, H
Bannister, ME
Krstic, PS
Dadras, J
Meyer, HM
Parish, CM
AF Meyer, F. W.
Hijazi, H.
Bannister, M. E.
Krstic, P. S.
Dadras, J.
Meyer, H. M., III
Parish, C. M.
TI He-ion and self-atom induced damage and surface-morphology changes of a
hot W target
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Plasma-Facing Materials and
Components(PFMC)
CY MAY, 2013
CL undefined, GERMANY
DE tungsten; helium; irradiation damage; nanostructuring; nano-fuzz
ID TUNGSTEN
AB We report results of measurements on the evolution of the surface morphology of a hot tungsten surface due to impacting low-energy (80-12 000 eV) He ions and of simulations of damage caused by cumulative bombardment of 1 and 10 keV W self-atoms. The measurements were performed at the ORNL Multicharged Ion Research Facility, while the simulations were done at the Kraken supercomputing facility of the University of Tennessee. At 1 keV, the simulations show strong defect-recombination effects that lead to a saturation of the total defect number after a few hundred impacts, while sputtering leads to an imbalance of the vacancy and interstitial number. On the experimental side, surface morphology changes were investigated over a broad range of fluences, energies and temperatures for both virgin and pre-damaged W-targets. At the lowest accumulated fluences, small surface-grain features and near-surface He bubbles are observed. At the largest fluences, individual grain characteristics disappear in focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) scans, and the entire surface is covered by a multitude of near-surface bubbles with a broad range of sizes, and disordered whisker growth, while in top-down SEM imaging the surface is virtually indistinguishable from the nano-fuzz produced on linear plasma devices. These features are evident at progressively lower fluences as the He-ion energy is increased.
C1 [Meyer, F. W.; Hijazi, H.; Bannister, M. E.; Dadras, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Krstic, P. S.] Univ Tennessee, Joint Inst Computat Sci, Knoxville, TN 37831 USA.
[Meyer, H. M., III; Parish, C. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Meyer, FW (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM meyerfw@ornl.gov
RI Parish, Chad/J-8381-2013;
OI Parish, Chad/0000-0003-1209-7439
FU LDRD Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge National
Laboratory's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Program; Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy
FX This research was sponsored by the LDRD Program of Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of
Energy. HH was appointed through the ORNL Postdoctoral Research
Associates Program administered jointly by Oak Ridge Institute of
Science and Education (ORISE), Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU)
and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). SEM and FIB/SEM instruments
supported by Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Shared Research Equipment
(ShaRE) User Program, which is sponsored by the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, US Department of Energy. PSK and MJD acknowledge allocation of
advanced computing resources provided by the National Science
Foundation. The computations were performed on Kraken at the National
Institute for Computational Sciences.
NR 14
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 19
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
EI 1402-4896
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL T159
AR 014029
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2014/T159/014029
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AF6TP
UT WOS:000334847800030
ER
PT J
AU Ren, J
Hu, JS
Zuo, GZ
Sun, Z
Li, JG
Ruzic, DN
Zakharov, LE
AF Ren, J.
Hu, J. S.
Zuo, G. Z.
Sun, Z.
Li, J. G.
Ruzic, D. N.
Zakharov, L. E.
TI First results of flowing liquid lithium limiter in HT-7
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Plasma-Facing Materials and
Components(PFMC)
CY MAY, 2013
CL undefined, GERMANY
DE lithium; plasma facing component; tokamak; HT-7
ID TOKAMAK
AB Two different types of flowing liquid lithium limiters were firstly installed and successfully tested in HT-7 tokamaks in 2012 and some encouraging results were obtained. Two limiters of the first type, called FLiLi limiters, used a thin lithium layer flowing under gravity. The other type had lithium-metal infused trenches (LIMIT) for thermoelectric magnetohydrodynamic drive of the liquid metal flow. The surface of one of the FLiLi limiters was coated by evaporated lithium before liquid lithium was injected by Ar pressure into a special distributor of the limiter. Then the liquid lithium could slowly move along the plasma facing guide surface of the limiter due to gravity. For LIMIT, it was found that liquid lithium could flow along the trenches as expected with a velocity of about 3.7 +/- 0.5 cm s(-1) driven by the electromagnetic force, which came from the interaction between the thermoelectric current and magnetic field. Use of flowing liquid lithium limiters in HT-7 resulted in reduction of particle recycling, suppression of impurity emission and improvement of the confinement.
C1 [Ren, J.; Hu, J. S.; Zuo, G. Z.; Sun, Z.; Li, J. G.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China.
[Ruzic, D. N.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Zakharov, L. E.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Ren, J (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China.
EM hujs@ipp.ac.cn
FU National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program [2013GB114004];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [11075185, 11021565]; US
DoE [DE-AC02-09-CH11466]
FX This research was funded by National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science
Program under contract no. 2013GB114004, National Natural Science
Foundation of China under contract no. 11075185 and no. 11021565, and by
US DoE contract no. DE-AC02-09-CH11466.
NR 14
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 22
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
EI 1402-4896
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL T159
AR 014033
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2014/T159/014033
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AF6TP
UT WOS:000334847800034
ER
PT J
AU Rudakov, DL
Stangeby, PC
Wampler, WR
Brooks, JN
Brooks, NH
Elder, JD
Hassanein, A
Leonard, AW
McLean, AG
Moyer, RA
Sizyuk, T
Watkins, JG
Wong, CPC
AF Rudakov, D. L.
Stangeby, P. C.
Wampler, W. R.
Brooks, J. N.
Brooks, N. H.
Elder, J. D.
Hassanein, A.
Leonard, A. W.
McLean, A. G.
Moyer, R. A.
Sizyuk, T.
Watkins, J. G.
Wong, C. P. C.
TI Net versus gross erosion of high-Z materials in the divertor of DIII-D
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Plasma-Facing Materials and
Components(PFMC)
CY MAY, 2013
CL undefined, GERMANY
ID ASDEX UPGRADE; REDEPOSITION; DEPOSITION; MOLYBDENUM; TUNGSTEN; CARBON
AB A substantial reduction of net compared to gross erosion of molybdenum and tungsten was observed in experiments conducted in the lower divertor of DIII-D using the divertor material evaluation system. Post-exposure net erosion of molybdenum and tungsten films was measured by Rutherford backscattering (RBS) yielding net erosion rates of 0.4-0.7 nm s(-1) for Mo and similar to 0.14 nm s(-1) for W. Gross erosion was estimated using RBS on a 1 mm diameter sample, where re-deposition is negligible. Net erosion on a 1 cm diameter sample was reduced compared to gross erosion by factors of similar to 2 for Mo and similar to 3 for W. The experiment was modeled with the REDEP/WBC erosion/re-deposition code package coupled to the Ion Transport in Materials and Compounds-DYNamics mixed-material code, with plasma conditions supplied by the Onion skin modeling + Eirene + Divimp for edGE modeling code with input from divertor Langmuir probes. The code-calculated net/gross erosion rate ratios of 0.46 for Mo and 0.33 for W are in agreement with the experiment.
C1 [Rudakov, D. L.; Moyer, R. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Stangeby, P. C.; Elder, J. D.] Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, Toronto, ON M3H 5T6, Canada.
[Wampler, W. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Brooks, J. N.; Hassanein, A.; Sizyuk, T.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Brooks, N. H.; Leonard, A. W.; Wong, C. P. C.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 92186 USA.
[McLean, A. G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Watkins, J. G.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Rudakov, DL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM rudakov@fusion.gat.com
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-AC04-94AL85000,
DE-FC02-04ER54698, DE-AC52-07NA27344]; National Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada; US Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy under
DE-FG02-07ER54917, DE-AC04-94AL85000, DE-FC02-04ER54698 and
DE-AC52-07NA27344 and a grant from the National Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada. Sandia National Laboratories is a
multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a
wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 18
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 22
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
EI 1402-4896
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL T159
AR 014030
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2014/T159/014030
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AF6TP
UT WOS:000334847800031
ER
PT J
AU Sabau, AS
Ohriner, EK
Kiggans, J
Harper, DC
Snead, LL
Schaich, CR
AF Sabau, Adrian S.
Ohriner, Evan K.
Kiggans, Jim
Harper, David C.
Snead, Lance L.
Schaich, Charles R.
TI Facility for high-heat flux testing of irradiated fusion materials and
components using infrared plasma arc lamps
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Plasma-Facing Materials and
Components(PFMC)
CY MAY, 2013
CL undefined, GERMANY
DE high-heat flux testing; tungsten; infrared; arc lamp; plasma arc;
divertor
AB A new high-heat flux testing (HHFT) facility using water-wall stabilized high-power high-pressure argon plasma arc lamps (PALs) has been developed for fusion applications. It can accommodate irradiated plasma facing component materials and sub-size mock-up divertor components. Two PALs currently available at Oak Ridge National Laboratory can provide maximum incident heat fluxes of 4.2 and 27 MW m(-2), which are prototypic of fusion steady state heat flux conditions, over a heated area of 9x12 and 1x10 cm(2), respectively. The use of PAL permits the heat source to be environmentally separated from the components of the test chamber, simplifying the design to accommodate safe testing of low-level irradiated articles and materials under high-heat flux. Issues related to the operation and temperature measurements during testing of tungsten samples are presented and discussed. The relative advantages and disadvantages of this photon-based HHFT facility are compared to existing e-beam and particle beam facilities used for similar purposes.
C1 [Sabau, Adrian S.; Ohriner, Evan K.; Kiggans, Jim; Harper, David C.; Snead, Lance L.; Schaich, Charles R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Sabau, AS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM sabaua@ornl.gov
RI Sabau, Adrian/B-9571-2008; kiggans, james/E-1588-2017
OI Sabau, Adrian/0000-0003-3088-6474; kiggans, james/0000-0001-5056-665X
FU Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy
[DE-C05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC
FX This work was supported by Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, US
Department of Energy under contract DE-C05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle,
LLC. The authors would like to thank Alta Marie Williams for radiation
safety considerations, Frederick W (Bill) Wiffen of ORNL for numerous
discussions concerning this effort, and Dr Arnold Lumsdaine of ORNL for
reviewing the paper.
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 10
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
EI 1402-4896
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL T159
AR 014007
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2014/T159/014007
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AF6TP
UT WOS:000334847800008
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, CN
Shimada, M
Merrill, BJ
Drigert, MW
Akers, DW
Hatano, Y
AF Taylor, C. N.
Shimada, M.
Merrill, B. J.
Drigert, M. W.
Akers, D. W.
Hatano, Y.
TI Development of positron annihilation spectroscopy for characterizing
neutron irradiated tungsten
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Plasma-Facing Materials and
Components(PFMC)
CY MAY, 2013
CL undefined, GERMANY
DE neutron; defects; tungsten; Doppler broadening positron annihilation
spectroscopy; plasma-facing components
ID ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENTS; RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; SPECTRA; SOLIDS
AB Tungsten samples (6 mm diameter and 0.2 mm thick) were irradiated to 0.025 and 0.3 dpa with neutrons in the High Flux Isotope Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory as part of the US/Japan Tritium, Irradiation and Thermofluids for America and Nippon (TITAN) collaboration. Samples were then exposed to deuterium plasma in Idaho National Laboratory's Tritium Plasma Experiment at 100, 200 and 500 degrees C to a total fluence of 1 x 10(26) m(-2). Nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) and Doppler broadening positron annihilation spectroscopy (DB-PAS) were performed at various stages to characterize radiation damage and retention. We present the first results of neutron irradiated tungsten characterized by DB-PAS in order to study defect concentration. Two positron sources, Na-22 and Ge-68, probe similar to 58 mu m and through the entire 200 mu m thick samples, respectively. DB-PAS results reveal clear differences between the various irradiated samples. These results, and a correlation between DB-PAS and NRA data, are presented.
C1 [Taylor, C. N.; Shimada, M.; Merrill, B. J.] Idaho Natl Lab, Fus Safety Program, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Drigert, M. W.; Akers, D. W.] Idaho Natl Lab, Expt Programs, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Hatano, Y.] Toyama Univ, Hydrogen Isotope Res Ctr, Toyama 9308555, Japan.
RP Taylor, CN (reprint author), Idaho Natl Lab, Fus Safety Program, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM chase.taylor@inl.gov
OI Shimada, Masashi/0000-0002-1592-843X
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, under the DOE
Idaho Field Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX This work was prepared for the US Department of Energy, Office of Fusion
Energy Sciences, under the DOE Idaho Field Office contract number
DE-AC07-05ID14517. Samples for this work came from the collaborative
Japan/USA TITAN project.
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 20
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
EI 1402-4896
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL T159
AR 014055
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2014/T159/014055
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AF6TP
UT WOS:000334847800056
ER
PT J
AU Wampler, WR
Pitts, RA
Carpentier-Chouchana, S
Stangeby, PC
Ding, F
Mao, HM
Wang, WZ
Qian, JP
Gong, X
Luo, GN
AF Wampler, W. R.
Pitts, R. A.
Carpentier-Chouchana, S.
Stangeby, P. C.
Ding, F.
Mao, H. M.
Wang, W. Z.
Qian, J. P.
Gong, X.
Luo, G-N
TI Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak/material and plasma
evaluation system material migration experiment
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Plasma-Facing Materials and
Components(PFMC)
CY MAY, 2013
CL undefined, GERMANY
DE material erosion; tokamak; fusion plasma; carbon
ID NET EROSION; DIII-D; MOLYBDENUM; DIVERTOR
AB A test assembly of carbon coated molybdenum tiles was exposed to a sequence of well-diagnosed ohmic helium discharges in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) using the material and plasma evaluation system. The test assembly was configured to approximate, on a reduced scale, the profile of a first-wall panel in ITER. Net erosion and deposition of carbon was determined from measurements of the thickness of a carbon surface layer by ion-beam analysis before and after the plasma exposure. The highest erosion of 800 nm, or about one third of the initial thickness, occurred near the EAST midplane on the side facing the ion-drift direction. Erosion decreased in toroidal and poloidal directions with increasing distance from the plasma. Net deposition was not observed anywhere above the limit of detection. This experiment provides data needed to benchmark codes being used to predict erosion/deposition in ITER.
C1 [Wampler, W. R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Pitts, R. A.] ITER Org, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France.
[Carpentier-Chouchana, S.] LT Calcoli SOGETI Consortium, F-13857 Aix En Provence, France.
[Stangeby, P. C.] Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, N York, ON M3H 5T6, Canada.
[Ding, F.; Mao, H. M.; Wang, W. Z.; Qian, J. P.; Gong, X.; Luo, G-N] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230088, Anhui, Peoples R China.
RP Wampler, WR (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM wrwampl@sandia.gov
FU US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work is a collaboration between Sandia National Laboratories, the
Institute for Plasma Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP)
in Hefei China and the ITER Organization. Sandia National Laboratories
is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia
Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation,
for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The views and opinions
expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the ITER
Organization.
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
EI 1402-4896
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL T159
AR 014069
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2014/T159/014069
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AF6TP
UT WOS:000334847800070
ER
PT J
AU Salgado, CW
Weygand, DP
AF Salgado, Carlos W.
Weygand, Dennis P.
TI On the partial-wave analysis of mesonic resonances decaying to
multiparticle final states produced by polarized photons
SO PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Review
ID ISOBAR MODEL; HIGH-ENERGY; PI STATE; PHOTOPRODUCTION; SYSTEMS; SPIN;
ETA; FORMULATION; QUANTITIES; SCATTERING
AB Meson spectroscopy is going through a revival with the advent of high statistics experiments and new advances in the theoretical predictions. The Constituent Quark Model (CQM) is finally being expanded considering more basic principles of field theory and using discrete calculations of Quantum Chromodynamics (lattice QCD). These new calculations are approaching predictive power for the spectrum of hadronic resonances and decay modes. It will be the task of the new experiments to extract the meson spectrum from the data and compare with those predictions. The goal of this report is to describe one particular technique for extracting resonance information from multiparticle final states. The technique described here, partial wave analysis based on the helicity formalism, has been used at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) using pion beams, and Jefferson Laboratory (JLal)) using photon beams. In particular this report broadens this technique to include production experiments using linearly polarized real photons or quasi-real photons. This article is of a didactical nature. We describe the process of analysis, detailing assumptions and formalisms, and is directed towards people interested in starting partial wave analysis. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Salgado, Carlos W.] Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA.
[Salgado, Carlos W.; Weygand, Dennis P.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA USA.
RP Salgado, CW (reprint author), Norfolk State Univ, Norfolk, VA 23504 USA.
EM salgado@jlab.org
FU National Science Foundation [0855338, 1205763]; United States Department
of Energy [DE-AC05-84ER40150]
FX C.W. Salgado was partially supported by National Science Foundation
grants # 0855338 and # 1205763. D.P. Weygand is supported by the United
States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-84ER40150. We wish to
thank Veronique Ziegler for reading of the manuscript and useful
comments.
NR 92
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0370-1573
EI 1873-6270
J9 PHYS REP
JI Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 537
IS 1
BP 1
EP 58
DI 10.1016/j.physrep.2013.11.005
PG 58
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AG2WY
UT WOS:000335279000001
ER
PT J
AU Lewicki, JP
Beavis, PW
Robinson, MWC
Maxwell, RS
AF Lewicki, James P.
Beavis, Peter W.
Robinson, Mathew W. C.
Maxwell, Robert S.
TI A dielectric relaxometry study of segmental dynamics in PDMS/boron
composite and hybrid elastomers
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE Poly(dimethylsiloxane); meta-Carborane; Dielectric relaxometry
ID BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; SILICONE-RUBBER; NANOCOMPOSITES; REINFORCEMENT;
FILLERS
AB In this work, the motional dynamics and relaxation behavior of a series of model poly(dimethylsiloxane)co-meta-carborane (PDMS-co-CB) hybrid elastomers have been studied in depth, using Broadband Dielectric Spectrometry over a temperature range of -130 to 100 degrees C and a frequency window of 10(-1) to 10(7) Hz. The segmental alpha-relaxation of both the PDMS and carborane chain segments has been characterized at specific carborane backbone incorporation levels. A direct correlation between the ratio of PDMS to carborane segments and the motional constraint of the network as a whole was observed. In addition to the study of the alpha-motional modes associated with local intra-segmental motions and the onset of cooperative motion, we have also identified and studied a higher order cooperative (normal-mode) motion of extended segments of the carborane-siloxane co-polymer chains at elevated temperatures. These normal mode motions have been shown to follow an Arrhenius temperature dependence, are sensitive to the local chemical environment and have not been previously reported in this class of polysiloxane copolymer. The motional dynamics of the PDMS-co-CB networks have been compared and contrasted with those of a series of conventionally filled PDMS-Boron Nitride (PDMS-BN) composite systems. While the effects of the chemically bound carborane segment on the PDMS chain dynamics, local order and global network properties have been shown to be directly correlated, significant and predictable, the effects of the BN filler on the PDMS matrix are significantly less so and the results suggest that the filler material may in fact be disrupting the network order, with a consequently negative impact on the properties of the composite. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lewicki, James P.; Maxwell, Robert S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Beavis, Peter W.; Robinson, Mathew W. C.] Atom Weap Estab, Reading RG7 4PR, Berks, England.
RP Lewicki, JP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM lewicki1@llnl.gov
RI Beavis, Peter/I-5154-2013
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the U.S.
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under
Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. British Crown Owned Copyright 2013/AWE
Published with the permission of the Controller of Her Britannic
Majesty's Stationery Office.
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 58
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
EI 1873-2291
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 55
IS 7
BP 1763
EP 1768
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.02.038
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA AF8SB
UT WOS:000334984800019
ER
PT J
AU Nisanian, M
Holladay, SD
Karpuzoglu, E
Kerr, RP
Williams, SM
Stabler, L
McArthur, JV
Tuckfield, RC
Gogal, RM
AF Nisanian, M.
Holladay, S. D.
Karpuzoglu, E.
Kerr, R. P.
Williams, S. M.
Stabler, L.
McArthur, J. Vaun
Tuckfield, R. Cary
Gogal, R. M., Jr.
TI Exposure of juvenile Leghorn chickens to lead acetate enhances
antibiotic resistance in enteric bacterial flora
SO POULTRY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE lead acetate; Leghorn chicken; antimicrobial resistance
ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; METAL RESISTANCE; ANIMALS; CONTAMINATION;
COSELECTION; CADMIUM; BLOOD; WATER
AB Heavy metals have been implicated for their ability to increase antibiotic resistance in bacteria collected from polluted waters, independent of antibiotic exposure. Specific- pathogen-free Leghorn chickens were therefore given Pb acetate in the drinking water to expose the enteric bacteria to Pb and to determine if antibiotic resistance changed in these bacteria. Concentrations of Pb used were 0.0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, or 10.0 mM; birds given the highest 2 concentrations showed signs of moribundity and dehydration and were removed from the study. Vent culture samples were collected for bacterial cultures on d 0 before Pb exposure, d 7 and 14, and then birds were euthanized by CO2 gas for necropsy on d 14, at which time intestinal contents were also collected for bacterial cultures. Fecal swabs but not intestinal samples from Pb- exposed birds contained isolates that had significantly elevated antibiotic resistance. Some of the isolates contained bacteria that were resistant to up to 20 antibiotics. These results suggest the need for repeated studies in chickens infected with zoonotic pathogens.
C1 [Nisanian, M.; Holladay, S. D.; Karpuzoglu, E.; Kerr, R. P.; Gogal, R. M., Jr.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Biosci & Diagnost Imaging, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Williams, S. M.; Stabler, L.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[McArthur, J. Vaun] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
[Tuckfield, R. Cary] ECOSTATys LLC, Aiken, SC 29803 USA.
RP Gogal, RM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Biosci & Diagnost Imaging, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM rgogal@uga.edu
FU Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506]; United States Government
FX This research was partially supported by the Department of Energy under
Award Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research
Foundation. We thank Paul Stankus for laboratory assistance.; This
report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the
United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any
agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express
or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the
accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus,
product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not
infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific
commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark,
manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its
endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government
or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed
herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States
Government or any agency thereof.
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 10
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0032-5791
EI 1525-3171
J9 POULTRY SCI
JI Poult. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 93
IS 4
BP 891
EP 897
DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03600
PG 7
WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
SC Agriculture
GA AE9SL
UT WOS:000334349500014
PM 24706966
ER
PT J
AU Crane, CA
Pantoya, ML
Weeks, BL
Saed, M
AF Crane, C. A.
Pantoya, M. L.
Weeks, B. L.
Saed, M.
TI The effects of particle size on microwave heating of metal and metal
oxide powders
SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Microwave heating; Powder compacts; Iron oxide powder; Aluminum powder;
Nanoparticles
ID IGNITION
AB To understand the effect of particle size on microwave absorption, it is important to separate absorption in good bulk conductors (like aluminum or copper) from dielectrics, like iron oxide (Fe2O3). This study experimentally examined coupling microwaves to powder compacts of discretely different materials such as aluminum and iron oxide as a function of particle size. An electromagnetic chamber exposed compacted powder samples of each material to microwaves at a frequency of 3.3 GHz and in-situ 2-D spatial temperature measurements of the sample surface were captured to quantify microwave heating. Results show that for the non-conductive oxidizer (Fe2O3), decreasing the particle size increased the microwave absorption because of the increase in effective surface area and effective conductivity. In contrast, decreasing the conductive metal (Al) particle size resulted in decreased microwave absorption because the ratio of particle size to the skin depth was shown to be a critical parameter controlling energy absorption. This research contributes to new understandings of how microwave energy interacts with metal and metal oxide compacted pellets as a function of particle size. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Crane, C. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Crane, C. A.; Pantoya, M. L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Weeks, B. L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Saed, M.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Pantoya, ML (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM michelle.pantoya@ttu.edu
RI Weeks, Brandon/P-6331-2014
OI Weeks, Brandon/0000-0003-2552-4129
FU Office of Naval Research [N000141110424]
FX The authors are grateful for the support and encouragement from the
Office of Naval Research under contract award No. N000141110424.
NR 17
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0032-5910
EI 1873-328X
J9 POWDER TECHNOL
JI Powder Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 256
BP 113
EP 117
DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.02.008
PG 5
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA AG0HW
UT WOS:000335097600014
ER
PT J
AU Pal, S
Sadhukhan, J
AF Pal, Santanu
Sadhukhan, Jhilam
TI Fission dynamics of hot nuclei
SO PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT National Conference on Nuclear Physics (NCNP)
CY MAR 01-03, 2013
CL Bhubaneswar, INDIA
DE Fission; dissipation; Langevin equations; Kramers' fission width;
pre-scission neutron multiplicity
ID ONE-BODY DISSIPATION; MODEL; DISTRIBUTIONS; COLLISIONS; NEUTRONS;
EMISSION; FRICTION; URANIUM; FUSION; MOTION
AB Experimental evidence accumulated during the last two decades indicates that the fission of excited heavy nuclei involves a dissipative dynamical process. We shall briefly review the relevant dynamical model, namely the Langevin equations for fission. Statistical model predictions using the Kramers' fission width will also be discussed.
C1 [Sadhukhan, Jhilam] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Sadhukhan, Jhilam] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Pal, Santanu; Sadhukhan, Jhilam] Ctr Variable Energy Cyclotron, Kolkata 700064, India.
RP Pal, S (reprint author), CS 6-1, Kolkata 700095, India.
EM santanupal1950@gmail.com
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES
PI BANGALORE
PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA
SN 0304-4289
EI 0973-7111
J9 PRAMANA-J PHYS
JI Pramana-J. Phys.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 4
SI SI
BP 671
EP 682
DI 10.1007/s12043-014-0719-4
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AG4BR
UT WOS:000335364500007
ER
PT J
AU Petch, J
Hill, A
Davies, L
Fridlind, A
Jakob, C
Lin, YL
Xie, SEC
Zhu, P
AF Petch, Jon
Hill, Adrian
Davies, Laura
Fridlind, Ann
Jakob, Christian
Lin, Yanluan
Xie, Shaoecheng
Zhu, Ping
TI Evaluation of intercomparisons of four different types of model
simulating TWP-ICE
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE convection; numerical modelling; microphysics
ID WEATHER PREDICTION; CLOUD; RAIN
AB Four model intercomparisons were run and evaluated using the TWP-ICE field campaign, each involving different types of atmospheric model. Here we highlight what can be learnt from having single-column model (SCM), cloud-resolving model (CRM), global atmosphere model (GAM) and limited-area model (LAM) intercomparisons all based around the same field campaign. We also make recommendations for anyone planning further large multi-model intercomparisons to ensure they are of maximum value to the model development community. CRMs tended to match observations better than other model types, although there were exceptions such as outgoing long-wave radiation. All SCMs grew large temperature and moisture biases and performed worse than other model types for many diagnostics. The GAMs produced a delayed and significantly reduced peak in domain-average rain rate when compared to the observations. While it was shown that this was in part due to the analysis used to drive these models, the LAMs were also driven by this analysis and did not have the problem to the same extent. Based on differences between the models with parametrized convection (SCMs and GAMs) and those without (CRMs and LAMs), we speculate that that having explicit convection helps to constrain liquid water whereas the ice contents are controlled more by the representation of the microphysics.
C1 [Petch, Jon; Hill, Adrian] Met Off, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England.
[Davies, Laura] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Fridlind, Ann] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Jakob, Christian] Monash Univ, Sch Math, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia.
[Lin, Yanluan] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Xie, Shaoecheng] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Zhu, Ping] Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
RP Petch, J (reprint author), Met Off, FitzRoy Rd, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England.
EM jon.petch@metoffice.gov.uk
RI lin, yanluan/A-6333-2015; Xie, Shaocheng/D-2207-2013; Jakob,
Christian/A-1082-2010
OI Xie, Shaocheng/0000-0001-8931-5145; Jakob, Christian/0000-0002-5012-3207
FU NASA Radiation Sciences Program; US DOE Office of Science, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AI02-06ER64173, DE-SC0006712];
US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Biological
and Environmental Research by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program of the
Office of Science at the US Department of Energy; DOE ASR
[DE-FG02-09ER64737]; Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy;
US DOE ASR program [DE-FG02-09ER64742]
FX A. Fridlind was supported by the NASA Radiation Sciences Program and the
US DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, through contracts DE-AI02-06ER64173 and DE-SC0006712. The
contributions of S. Xie to this work were performed under the auspices
of the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory under contract no. DE-AC52-07NA27344 and supported by the
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program of the Office of Science at
the US Department of Energy. Ping Zhu wishes to acknowledge his support
by the DOE ASR program under grant DE-FG02-09ER64737. Yanluan Lin was
supported by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy. Laura
Davies and Christian Jakob were supported by the US DOE ASR program
under grant DE-FG02-09ER64742.
NR 19
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 140
IS 680
BP 826
EP 837
DI 10.1002/qj.2192
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AF7WU
UT WOS:000334926800009
ER
PT J
AU Ullrich, PA
Norman, MR
AF Ullrich, Paul A.
Norman, Matthew R.
TI The Flux-Form Semi-Lagrangian Spectral Element (FF-SLSE) method for
tracer transport
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE semi-Lagrangian; tracer transport; finite element method; high-order;
spectral element method
ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; EFFICIENT SCHEME;
ATMOSPHERE MODEL; DYNAMICAL CORE; ADVECTION; ALGORITHMS; GRIDS; FLOW;
CONSERVATION
AB The spectral element dynamical core has been demonstrated to be an accurate and scalable approach for solving the equations of motion in the atmosphere. However, it is also known that use of the spectral element method for tracer transport is costly and requires substantial parallel communication over a single time step. Consequently, recent efforts have turned to finding alternative transport schemes which maintain the scalability of the spectral element method without its significant cost. This article proposes a conservative semi-Lagrangian approach for tracer transport which uses upstream trajectories to solve the transport equation on the native spectral element grid. This formulation, entitled the Flux-Form Semi-Lagrangian Spectral Element (FF-SLSE) method, is highly accurate compared to many competing schemes, allows for large time steps, and requires fewer parallel communications over the same time interval than the spectral element method. In addition, the approach guarantees local conservation and is easily paired with a filter which can be used to ensure positivity. This article presents the dispersion relation for the 1D FF-SLSE approach and demonstrates stability up to a Courant number of 2.44 with cubic basis. Several standard numerical tests are presented for the method in 2D to verify correctness, accuracy and robustness of the method, including a new test of a divergent flow in Carteisan geometry.
C1 [Ullrich, Paul A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Norman, Matthew R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Ullrich, PA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM paullrich@ucdavis.edu
RI Ullrich, Paul/E-9350-2015
OI Ullrich, Paul/0000-0003-4118-4590
NR 46
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 140
IS 680
BP 1069
EP 1085
DI 10.1002/qj.2184
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AF7WU
UT WOS:000334926800029
ER
PT J
AU Stenfeldt, C
Pacheco, JM
Rodriguez, LL
Arzt, J
AF Stenfeldt, C.
Pacheco, J. M.
Rodriguez, L. L.
Arzt, J.
TI Infection dynamics of foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs using two
novel simulated-natural inoculation methods
SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE FMDV; Virus; Pathogenesis; Animal models
ID BETWEEN-PEN TRANSMISSION; VACCINATED PIGS; EARLY PATHOGENESIS; SWINE;
ANTIBODY; CATTLE; IDENTIFICATION; AEROSOLS; CONTACT; SITES
AB In order to characterize foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection dynamics in pigs, two simulatednatural inoculation systems were developed and evaluated. Intra-oropharyngeal (lOP) and intra-nasopharyngeal (INP) inoculation both enabled precise control of dose and timing of inoculation while simulating field exposure conditions.
There were substantial differences between outcomes of infections by the two routes. IOP inoculation resulted in consistent and synchronous infection, whereas INP inoculation at similar doses resulted in delayed, or completely absent infection. All pigs that developed clinical infection had detectable levels of FMDV RNA in their oropharynx directly following inoculation. Furthermore, FMDV antigens were localized to the oropharyngeal tonsils suggesting a role in early infection.
The utility of LOP inoculation was further demonstrated in a vaccine-challenge experiment. Thus, the novel system of lOP inoculation described herein, offers a valid alternative to traditionally used systems for FMDV inoculation of pigs, applicable for experimental studies of FMDV pathogenesis and vaccinology. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Stenfeldt, C.; Pacheco, J. M.; Rodriguez, L. L.; Arzt, J.] Agr Res Serv, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA.
[Stenfeldt, C.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Arzt, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA.
EM Jonathan.Arzt@ars.usda.gov
OI Stenfeldt, Carolina/0000-0002-2074-3886; Pacheco,
Juan/0000-0001-5477-0201; Arzt, Jonathan/0000-0002-7517-7893
FU Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland
Security [HSHQDC-11X-00189]
FX This project was funded through an interagency agreement with the
Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland
Security under Award Number HSHQDC-11X-00189. CS is a recipient of a
Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program
fellowship, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and
Education (ORISE) through an interagency agreement with the US
Department of Energy. None of the funding sources had influence upon
design or performance of experimental study, interpretation of results
or writing of the manuscript. We would like to thank the Animal Research
Branch at PIADC for assistance and support during animal studies. Meghan
Tucker, Elizabeth Bishop, George Smoliga, and Ethan Hartwig are thanked
for support with necropsies and processing of samples.
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0034-5288
EI 1532-2661
J9 RES VET SCI
JI Res. Vet. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 96
IS 2
BP 396
EP 405
DI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.01.009
PG 10
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AF8UD
UT WOS:000334990200027
PM 24548596
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, T
Fernandez-Alberti, S
Roitberg, AE
Tretiak, S
AF Nelson, Tammie
Fernandez-Alberti, Sebastian
Roitberg, Adrian E.
Tretiak, Sergei
TI Nonadiabatic Excited-State Molecular Dynamics: Modeling Photophysics in
Organic Conjugated Materials
SO ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
ID UNIDIRECTIONAL ENERGY-TRANSFER; ELECTRONIC COHERENCE; CHEMICAL-DYNAMICS;
CARBON NANOTUBES; SIMULATIONS; POLYMERS; ELECTROLUMINESCENCE;
LOCALIZATION; TRANSITIONS; EXCITATIONS
AB CONSPECTUS: To design functional photoactive materials for a variety of technological applications, researchers need to understand their electronic properties in detail and have ways to control their photoinduced pathways. When excited by photons of light, organic conjugated materials (OCMs) show dynamics that are often characterized by large nonadiabatic (NA) couplings between multiple excited states through a breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation. Following photoexcitation, various nonradiative intraband relaxation pathways can lead to a number of complex processes. Therefore, computational simulation of nonadiabatic molecular dynamics is an indispensable tool for understanding complex photoinduced processes such as internal conversion, energy transfer, charge separation, and spatial localization of excitons.
Over the years, we have developed a nonadiabatic excited-state molecular dynamics (NA-ESMD) framework that efficiently and accurately describes photoinduced phenomena in extended conjugated molecular systems. We use the fewest-switches surface hopping (FSSH) algorithm to treat quantum transitions among multiple adiabatic excited state potential energy surfaces (PESs). Extended molecular systems often contain hundreds of atoms and involve large densities of excited states that participate in the photoinduced dynamics. We can achieve an accurate description of the multiple excited states using the configuration interaction single (CIS) formalism with a semiempirical model Hamiltonian. Analytical techniques allow the trajectory to be propagated "on the fly" using the complete set of NA coupling terms and remove computational bottlenecks in the evaluation of excited-state gradients and NA couplings. Furthermore, the use of state-specific gradients for propagation of nuclei on the native excited-state PES eliminates the need for simplifications such as the classical path approximation (CPA), which only uses ground-state gradients. Thus, the NA-ESMD methodology offers a computationally tractable route for simulating hundreds of atoms on similar to 10 ps time scales where multiple coupled excited states are involved.
In this Account, we review recent developments in the NA-ESMD modeling of photoinduced dynamics in extended conjugated molecules involving multiple coupled electronic states. We have successfully applied the outlined NA-ESMD framework to study ultrafast conformational planarization in polyfluorenes where the rate of torsional relaxation can be controlled based on the initial excitation. With the addition of the state reassignment algorithm to identify instances of unavoided crossings between noninteracting PESs, NA-ESMD can now be used to study systems in which these so-called trivial unavoided crossings are expected to predominate. We employ this technique to analyze the energy transfer between poly(phenylene vinylene) (PPV) segments where conformational fluctuations give rise to numerous instances of unavoided crossings leading to multiple pathways and complex energy transfer dynamics that cannot be described using a simple Forster model. In addition, we have investigated the mechanism of ultrafast unidirectional energy transfer in dendrimers composed of poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) chromophores and have demonstrated that differential nuclear motion favors downhill energy transfer in dendrimers. The use of native excited-state gradients allows us to observe this feature.
C1 [Nelson, Tammie; Tretiak, Sergei] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Fernandez-Alberti, Sebastian] Univ Nacl Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina.
[Roitberg, Adrian E.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Quantum Theory Project, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Nelson, T (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Tretiak, Sergei/B-5556-2009; Roitberg, Adrian/A-2378-2009
OI Tretiak, Sergei/0000-0001-5547-3647;
FU CONICET; UNQ; ANPCyT [PICT-2010-2375]; National Science Foundation Grant
[CHE-0239129, CHE-0808910]; U.S. Department of Energy; Los Alamos LDRD
funds; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department
of Energy [DE-AC5206NA25396]; Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies
(CENT); Center for Nonlinear Studies (CNLS) at LANL
FX This work was supported by CONICET, UNQ, ANPCyT (Grant PICT-2010-2375),
National Science Foundation Grant Nos. CHE-0239129 and CHE-0808910, and
U.S. Department of Energy and Los Alamos LDRD funds. Los Alamos National
Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the
National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract DE-AC5206NA25396. We acknowledge support from the
Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CENT) and the Center for
Nonlinear Studies (CNLS) at LANL.
NR 68
TC 56
Z9 57
U1 10
U2 126
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0001-4842
EI 1520-4898
J9 ACCOUNTS CHEM RES
JI Accounts Chem. Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 47
IS 4
BP 1155
EP 1164
DI 10.1021/ar400263p
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AF4CE
UT WOS:000334658200018
PM 24673100
ER
PT J
AU van Zoelen, W
Buss, HG
Ellebracht, NC
Lynd, NA
Fischer, DA
Finlay, J
Hill, S
Callow, ME
Callow, JA
Kramer, EJ
Zuckermann, RN
Segalman, RA
AF van Zoelen, Wendy
Buss, Hilda G.
Ellebracht, Nathan C.
Lynd, Nathaniel A.
Fischer, Daniel A.
Finlay, John
Hill, Sophie
Callow, Maureen E.
Callow, James A.
Kramer, Edward J.
Zuckermann, Ronald N.
Segalman, Rachel A.
TI Sequence of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Residues in Amphiphilic Polymer
Coatings Affects Surface Structure and Marine Antifouling/Fouling
Release Properties
SO ACS MACRO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FOULING-RELEASE; SIDE-CHAINS; ALGA ULVA; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS;
FLUORINE-FREE; SETTLEMENT; ZOOSPORES; BEHAVIOR; PDMS
AB Amphiphilic polymers, specifically combinations of hydrophilic and hydrophobic residues, have been shown to be effective as antifouling materials against the algae Ulva linza and Navicula diatoms. Here we use the inherent sequence specificity of polypeptoids made by solid-phase synthesis to show that the sequence of hydrophilic (methoxy) and hydrophobic (fluorinated) moieties affects both antifouling and fouling release of U. linza. The platform used to test these sequences was a polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene oxide-co-allyl glycidyl ether) (PS-b-P(EO-co-AGE)) scaffold, where the polypeptoids are attached to the scaffold using thiol-ene click chemistry. The fluorinated moiety is very surface active and directs the surface composition of the polymer thin film. The position and number of fluorinated groups in the polypeptoid are shown to affect both the surface composition and antifouling properties of the film. Specifically, the position of the fluorinated units in the peptoid chain changes the surface chemistry and the antifouling behavior, while the number of fluorinated residues affects the fouling-release properties.
C1 [van Zoelen, Wendy; Buss, Hilda G.; Ellebracht, Nathan C.; Segalman, Rachel A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lynd, Nathaniel A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Joint Ctr Artificial Photosynth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zuckermann, Ronald N.; Segalman, Rachel A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Fischer, Daniel A.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Finlay, John; Hill, Sophie; Callow, Maureen E.; Callow, James A.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Kramer, Edward J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kramer, Edward J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Segalman, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM segalman@berkeley.edu
RI Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014;
OI Segalman, Rachel/0000-0002-4292-5103
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-08-1-0010, N000141110325];
Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); National Science
Foundation; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) in the
form of a Presidential Early Career Award (PECASE) in Science and
Engineering for R.A.S. and via awards N00014-08-1-0010 (J.A.C. and
M.E.C.) and N000141110325 (E.J.K.). W.v.Z. gratefully acknowledges The
Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) for a Rubicon
fellowship. H.G.B. acknowledges the National Science Foundation for a
graduate fellowship. Polypeptoid synthesis and characterization were
performed at the Molecular Foundry, a Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory user Facility supported by the Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source,
Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract DE-AC02-98CH10.
NR 20
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 11
U2 147
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2161-1653
J9 ACS MACRO LETT
JI ACS Macro Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 3
IS 4
BP 364
EP 368
DI 10.1021/mz500090n
PG 5
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA AF4CD
UT WOS:000334658100015
ER
PT J
AU Moon, T
Chen, L
Choi, S
Kim, C
Lu, W
AF Moon, Taeho
Chen, Lin
Choi, Shinhyun
Kim, Chunjoong
Lu, Wei
TI Efficient Si Nanowire Array Transfer via Bi-Layer Structure Formation
Through Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Si nanowire; metal-assisted chemical etching; nanowire transfer;
thin-film transistor; flexible electronics
ID SILICON NANOWIRES; CONTACT; FILMS
AB Nanowires (NWs) have shown great potential for applications in flexible and transparent electronics. The main challenges lie in improving the transfer yield and reducing the cost of NW fabrication. Here, it is shown that a bilayer SiNW structure can spontaneously form during metal-assisted chemical etching (MaCE). The bilayer structure formation is in turn accompanied by horizontal weak point formation that facilitates efficient nanowire transfer to diverse substrates. A mass-transport model is developed to explain the bilayer structure and horizontal crack formation effects. Significantly, these results allow repeated SiNW etch/transfer from the same Si wafer, thus potentially greatly reducing the fabrication cost of NW-based electronics. SiNW array-based transistors fabricated from two sequential etch/transfer processes using a single wafer are successfully demonstrated on Si and plastic substrates.
C1 [Moon, Taeho; Chen, Lin; Choi, Shinhyun; Lu, Wei] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Kim, Chunjoong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Moon, T (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM wluee@eecs.umich.edu
RI Lu, Wei/E-8388-2011
OI Lu, Wei/0000-0003-4731-1976
FU National Science Foundation [ECCS-1202126]; Electronics and
Telecommunications Research Institute; NSF
FX The authors thank Dr. P. Herrera-Fierro, Dr. W. Fung, and Dr. Y. Yang
for valuable help and fruitful discussions. This work was supported in
part by the National Science Foundation (ECCS-1202126) and the
Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute. This work used
the Lurie Nanofabrication Facility at the University of Michigan, a
member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN)
funded by NSF.
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 45
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1616-301X
EI 1616-3028
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 13
BP 1949
EP 1955
DI 10.1002/adfm.201303180
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AE0RO
UT WOS:000333674100013
ER
PT J
AU Palacios, E
Chen, AQ
Foley, J
Gray, SK
Welp, U
Rosenmann, D
Vlasko-Vlasov, VK
AF Palacios, Edgar
Chen, Aiqing
Foley, Jonathan
Gray, Stephen K.
Welp, Ulrich
Rosenmann, Daniel
Vlasko-Vlasov, Vitalii K.
TI Ultra-confined Modes in Metal Nanoparticle Arrays for Subwavelength
Light Guiding and Amplification
SO ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; ELECTROMAGNETIC
ENERGY-TRANSPORT; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; WAVE-GUIDES; METAMATERIALS; SERS;
SPECTROSCOPY; SUBSTRATE; FUTURE
AB Propagating optical eigenmodes are found in densely packed monolayers of plasmonic nanoparticles on a metal mirror. FDTD numerical calculations show that these 2D waves carry strongly confined and amplified light energy directly in the layer of nanoparticles or in the gap between the nanoparticles and the mirror. The extreme amplification of light intensity and localization at the nanoscale offer a high potential of these waves for photon emission, light harvesting, and waveguiding applications.
C1 [Palacios, Edgar; Chen, Aiqing; Welp, Ulrich; Vlasko-Vlasov, Vitalii K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Foley, Jonathan; Gray, Stephen K.; Rosenmann, Daniel] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Vlasko-Vlasov, VK (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM vlasko-vlasov@anl.gov
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials in this work was supported by
the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 54
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 43
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 2195-1071
J9 ADV OPT MATER
JI Adv. Opt. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 4
BP 394
EP 399
DI 10.1002/adom.201300523
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Materials Science; Optics
GA AF8BU
UT WOS:000334940900014
ER
PT J
AU Ade, PAR
Aghanim, N
Alves, MIR
Arnaud, M
Ashdown, M
Atrio-Barandela, F
Aumont, J
Baccigalupi, C
Banday, AJ
Barreiro, RB
Bartlett, JG
Battaner, E
Benabed, K
Benoit-Levy, A
Bernard, JP
Bersanelli, M
Bielewicz, P
Bobin, J
Bonaldi, A
Bond, JR
Borrill, J
Bouchet, FR
Boulanger, F
Bucher, M
Burigana, C
Butler, RC
Cardoso, JF
Catalano, A
Chamballu, A
Chiang, HC
Chiang, LY
Christensen, PR
Clements, DL
Colombi, S
Colombo, LPL
Couchot, F
Crill, BP
Curto, A
Cuttaia, F
Danese, L
Davies, RD
Davis, RJ
de Bernardis, P
de Rosa, A
de Zotti, G
Delabrouille, J
Dickinson, C
Diego, JM
Dole, H
Donzelli, S
Dore, O
Douspis, M
Dupac, X
Ensslin, TA
Eriksen, HK
Falgarone, E
Finelli, F
Forni, O
Frailis, M
Franceschi, E
Galeotta, S
Ganga, K
Ghosh, T
Giard, M
Giardino, G
Gonzalez-Nuevo, J
Gorski, KM
Gregorio, A
Gruppuso, A
Hansen, FK
Harrison, D
Hernandez-Monteagudo, C
Herranz, D
Hildebrandt, SR
Hivon, E
Holmes, WA
Hornstrup, A
Hovest, W
Jaffe, AH
Jones, WC
Juvela, M
Keihanen, E
Keskitalo, R
Kisner, TS
Kneissl, R
Knoche, J
Kunz, M
Kurki-Suonio, H
Lagache, G
Lahteenmaki, A
Lamarre, JM
Lasenby, A
Laureijs, RJ
Lawrence, CR
Leonardi, R
Levrier, F
Liguori, M
Lilje, PB
Linden-Vornle, M
Lopez-Caniego, M
Macias-Perez, JF
Maffei, B
Maino, D
Mandolesi, N
Maris, M
Marshall, DJ
Martin, PG
Martinez-Gonzalez, E
Masi, S
Matarrese, S
Mazzotta, P
Melchiorri, A
Mendes, L
Mennella, A
Migliaccio, M
Mitra, S
Miville-Deschenes, MA
Moneti, A
Montier, L
Morgante, G
Mortlock, D
Munshi, D
Murphy, JA
Naselsky, P
Nati, F
Natoli, P
Norgaard-Nielsen, HU
Noviello, F
Novikov, D
Novikov, I
Oxborrow, CA
Pagano, L
Pajot, F
Paladini, R
Paoletti, D
Pasian, F
Patanchon, G
Peel, M
Perdereau, O
Perrotta, F
Piacentini, F
Piat, M
Pierpaoli, E
Pietrobon, D
Plaszczynski, S
Pointecouteau, E
Polenta, G
Ponthieu, N
Popa, L
Pratt, GW
Prunet, S
Puget, JL
Rachen, JP
Reach, WT
Rebolo, R
Reinecke, M
Remazeilles, M
Renault, C
Ricciardi, S
Riller, T
Ristorcelli, I
Rocha, G
Rosset, C
Rubino-Martin, JA
Rusholme, B
Sandri, M
Savini, G
Scott, D
Spencer, LD
Starck, JL
Stolyarov, V
Sureau, F
Sutton, D
Suur-Uski, AS
Sygnet, JF
Tauber, JA
Tavagnacco, D
Terenzi, L
Toffolatti, L
Tomasi, M
Tristram, M
Tucci, M
Valenziano, L
Valiviita, J
Van Tent, B
Verstraete, L
Vielva, P
Villa, F
Vittorio, N
Wade, LA
Wandelt, BD
Yvon, D
Zacchei, A
Zonca, A
AF Ade, P. A. R.
Aghanim, N.
Alves, M. I. R.
Arnaud, M.
Ashdown, M.
Atrio-Barandela, F.
Aumont, J.
Baccigalupi, C.
Banday, A. J.
Barreiro, R. B.
Bartlett, J. G.
Battaner, E.
Benabed, K.
Benoit-Levy, A.
Bernard, J. -P.
Bersanelli, M.
Bielewicz, P.
Bobin, J.
Bonaldi, A.
Bond, J. R.
Borrill, J.
Bouchet, F. R.
Boulanger, F.
Bucher, M.
Burigana, C.
Butler, R. C.
Cardoso, J. -F.
Catalano, A.
Chamballu, A.
Chiang, H. C.
Chiang, L. -Y.
Christensen, P. R.
Clements, D. L.
Colombi, S.
Colombo, L. P. L.
Couchot, F.
Crill, B. P.
Curto, A.
Cuttaia, F.
Danese, L.
Davies, R. D.
Davis, R. J.
de Bernardis, P.
de Rosa, A.
de Zotti, G.
Delabrouille, J.
Dickinson, C.
Diego, J. M.
Dole, H.
Donzelli, S.
Dore, O.
Douspis, M.
Dupac, X.
Ensslin, T. A.
Eriksen, H. K.
Falgarone, E.
Finelli, F.
Forni, O.
Frailis, M.
Franceschi, E.
Galeotta, S.
Ganga, K.
Ghosh, T.
Giard, M.
Giardino, G.
Gonzalez-Nuevo, J.
Gorski, K. M.
Gregorio, A.
Gruppuso, A.
Hansen, F. K.
Harrison, D.
Hernandez-Monteagudo, C.
Herranz, D.
Hildebrandt, S. R.
Hivon, E.
Holmes, W. A.
Hornstrup, A.
Hovest, W.
Jaffe, A. H.
Jones, W. C.
Juvela, M.
Keihanen, E.
Keskitalo, R.
Kisner, T. S.
Kneissl, R.
Knoche, J.
Kunz, M.
Kurki-Suonio, H.
Lagache, G.
Lahteenmaki, A.
Lamarre, J. -M.
Lasenby, A.
Laureijs, R. J.
Lawrence, C. R.
Leonardi, R.
Levrier, F.
Liguori, M.
Lilje, P. B.
Linden-Vornle, M.
Lopez-Caniego, M.
Macias-Perez, J. F.
Maffei, B.
Maino, D.
Mandolesi, N.
Maris, M.
Marshall, D. J.
Martin, P. G.
Martinez-Gonzalez, E.
Masi, S.
Matarrese, S.
Mazzotta, P.
Melchiorri, A.
Mendes, L.
Mennella, A.
Migliaccio, M.
Mitra, S.
Miville-Deschenes, M. -A.
Moneti, A.
Montier, L.
Morgante, G.
Mortlock, D.
Munshi, D.
Murphy, J. A.
Naselsky, P.
Nati, F.
Natoli, P.
Norgaard-Nielsen, H. U.
Noviello, F.
Novikov, D.
Novikov, I.
Oxborrow, C. A.
Pagano, L.
Pajot, F.
Paladini, R.
Paoletti, D.
Pasian, F.
Patanchon, G.
Peel, M.
Perdereau, O.
Perrotta, F.
Piacentini, F.
Piat, M.
Pierpaoli, E.
Pietrobon, D.
Plaszczynski, S.
Pointecouteau, E.
Polenta, G.
Ponthieu, N.
Popa, L.
Pratt, G. W.
Prunet, S.
Puget, J. -L.
Rachen, J. P.
Reach, W. T.
Rebolo, R.
Reinecke, M.
Remazeilles, M.
Renault, C.
Ricciardi, S.
Riller, T.
Ristorcelli, I.
Rocha, G.
Rosset, C.
Rubino-Martin, J. A.
Rusholme, B.
Sandri, M.
Savini, G.
Scott, D.
Spencer, L. D.
Starck, J. -L.
Stolyarov, V.
Sureau, F.
Sutton, D.
Suur-Uski, A. -S.
Sygnet, J. -F.
Tauber, J. A.
Tavagnacco, D.
Terenzi, L.
Toffolatti, L.
Tomasi, M.
Tristram, M.
Tucci, M.
Valenziano, L.
Valiviita, J.
Van Tent, B.
Verstraete, L.
Vielva, P.
Villa, F.
Vittorio, N.
Wade, L. A.
Wandelt, B. D.
Yvon, D.
Zacchei, A.
Zonca, A.
CA Planck Collaboration
TI Planck intermediate results. XIV. Dust emission at millimetre
wavelengths in the Galactic plane
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM: general; Galaxy: general; radiation mechanisms: general; radio
continuum: ISM; submillimeter: ISM
ID PRE-LAUNCH STATUS; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; MU-M; MAGNETIC
NANOPARTICLES; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SUBMILLIMETER EXCESS; MICROWAVE
EMISSION; INTERSTELLAR DUST; MAGELLANIC CLOUDS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS
AB We use Planck HFI data combined with ancillary radio data to study the emissivity index of the interstellar dust emission in the frequency range 100-353 GHz, or 3-0.8 mm, in the Galactic plane. We analyse the region l = 20 degrees-44 degrees and vertical bar b vertical bar <= 4 degrees where the free-free emission can be estimated from radio recombination line data. We fit the spectra at each sky pixel with a modified blackbody model and two opacity spectral indices, beta(mm) and beta(FIR), below and above 353 GHz, respectively. We find that beta(mm) is smaller than beta(FIR), and we detect a correlation between this low frequency power-law index and the dust optical depth at 353 GHz, tau(353). The opacity spectral index beta(mm) increases from about 1.54 in the more diffuse regions of the Galactic disk, vertical bar b vertical bar = 3 degrees-4 degrees and tau(353) similar to 5 x 10(-5), to about 1.66 in the densest regions with an optical depth of more than one order of magnitude higher. We associate this correlation with an evolution of the dust emissivity related to the fraction of molecular gas along the line of sight. This translates into beta(mm) similar to 1.54 for a medium that is mostly atomic and beta(mm) similar to 1.66 when the medium is dominated by molecular gas. We find that both the two-level system model and magnetic dipole emission by ferromagnetic particles can explain the results. These results improve our understanding of the physics of interstellar dust and lead towards a complete model of the dust spectrum of the Milky Way from far-infrared to millimetre wavelengths.
C1 [Bartlett, J. G.; Bucher, M.; Cardoso, J. -F.; Delabrouille, J.; Ganga, K.; Patanchon, G.; Piat, M.; Remazeilles, M.; Rosset, C.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS IN2P3, CEA Irfu, Observ Paris,Sorbonne Paris Cite,APC, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
[Lahteenmaki, A.] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Aalto 00076, Finland.
[Lahteenmaki, A.] Aalto Univ, Dept Radio Sci & Engn, Aalto 00076, Finland.
[Kunz, M.] African Inst Math Sci, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa.
[Natoli, P.; Polenta, G.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Mandolesi, N.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, I-00198 Rome, Italy.
[Ashdown, M.; Curto, A.; Lasenby, A.; Stolyarov, V.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
[Chiang, H. C.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa.
[Kneissl, R.] ALMA Santiago Cent Off, Atacama Large Millimeter Submillimeter Array, Santiago 0355, Chile.
[Bond, J. R.; Martin, P. G.; Miville-Deschenes, M. -A.] Univ Toronto, CITA, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Banday, A. J.; Bernard, J. -P.; Bielewicz, P.; Forni, O.; Giard, M.; Montier, L.; Pointecouteau, E.; Ristorcelli, I.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.
[Crill, B. P.; Dore, O.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Rocha, G.; Savini, G.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Hernandez-Monteagudo, C.] Ctr Estudios Fis Cosmos Aragon, Teruel 44001, Spain.
[Borrill, J.; Keskitalo, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Rebolo, R.] CSIC, Madrid 28037, Spain.
[Chamballu, A.; Yvon, D.] CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Hornstrup, A.; Linden-Vornle, M.; Norgaard-Nielsen, H. U.; Oxborrow, C. A.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
[Kunz, M.; Tucci, M.] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Theor, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
[Atrio-Barandela, F.] Univ Salamanca, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Fundamental, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain.
[Toffolatti, L.] Univ Oviedo, Dept Fis, E-33007 Oviedo, Spain.
[Rachen, J. P.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Keskitalo, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Scott, D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Colombo, L. P. L.; Pierpaoli, E.] Univ So Calif, Dana & David Dornsife Coll Letter Arts & Sci, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Benoit-Levy, A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Juvela, M.; Keihanen, E.; Kurki-Suonio, H.; Suur-Uski, A. -S.; Valiviita, J.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland.
[Chiang, H. C.; Jones, W. C.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Zonca, A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Wandelt, B. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL USA.
[Liguori, M.; Matarrese, S.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Burigana, C.; Mandolesi, N.; Natoli, P.] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy.
[de Bernardis, P.; Masi, S.; Melchiorri, A.; Nati, F.; Pagano, L.; Piacentini, F.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Bersanelli, M.; Maino, D.; Mennella, A.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Gregorio, A.; Tavagnacco, D.] Univ Trieste, Dipartmento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Mazzotta, P.; Vittorio, N.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Christensen, P. R.; Naselsky, P.] Niels Bohr Inst, Discovery Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Rebolo, R.; Rubino-Martin, J. A.] Univ La Laguna, Dpto Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain.
[Kneissl, R.] ESO Vitacura, European So Observ, Santiago 19001, Chile.
[Dupac, X.; Leonardi, R.; Mendes, L.] European Space Agcy, ESAC, Planck Sci Off, Madrid, Spain.
[Giardino, G.; Laureijs, R. J.; Tauber, J. A.] Estec, European Space Agcy, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands.
[Kurki-Suonio, H.; Lahteenmaki, A.; Suur-Uski, A. -S.; Valiviita, J.] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[de Zotti, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
[Polenta, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy.
[Frailis, M.; Galeotta, S.; Gregorio, A.; Maris, M.; Pasian, F.; Tavagnacco, D.; Zacchei, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy.
[Burigana, C.; Butler, R. C.; Cuttaia, F.; de Rosa, A.; Finelli, F.; Franceschi, E.; Gruppuso, A.; Mandolesi, N.; Morgante, G.; Natoli, P.; Paoletti, D.; Ricciardi, S.; Sandri, M.; Terenzi, L.; Valenziano, L.; Villa, F.] INAF IASE Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Bersanelli, M.; Donzelli, S.; Maino, D.; Mennella, A.; Tomasi, M.] INAF IASF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Finelli, F.; Paoletti, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
[Melchiorri, A.; Pagano, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Gregorio, A.] Natl Inst Nucl Phys, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Ponthieu, N.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS INSU, UMR 5274, Inst Planetol & Astrophys Grenoble, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
[Mitra, S.] IUCAA, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India.
[Clements, D. L.; Jaffe, A. H.; Mortlock, D.; Novikov, D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Astrophys Grp, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Paladini, R.; Rusholme, B.] CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Dole, H.] Inst Univ France, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Aghanim, N.; Alves, M. I. R.; Aumont, J.; Boulanger, F.; Chamballu, A.; Dole, H.; Douspis, M.; Ghosh, T.; Kunz, M.; Lagache, G.; Miville-Deschenes, M. -A.; Pajot, F.; Ponthieu, N.; Puget, J. -L.; Remazeilles, M.; Verstraete, L.] Univ Paris 11, UMR8617, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Benabed, K.; Benoit-Levy, A.; Bouchet, F. R.; Cardoso, J. -F.; Colombi, S.; Hivon, E.; Moneti, A.; Prunet, S.; Sygnet, J. -F.; Wandelt, B. D.] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Popa, L.] Inst Space Sci, Bucharest 077125, Romania.
[Chiang, L. -Y.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Harrison, D.; Migliaccio, M.; Sutton, D.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
[Eriksen, H. K.; Hansen, F. K.; Lilje, P. B.; Valiviita, J.] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, N-0315 Oslo, Norway.
[Rebolo, R.; Rubino-Martin, J. A.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38205, Spain.
[Barreiro, R. B.; Curto, A.; Diego, J. M.; Gonzalez-Nuevo, J.; Herranz, D.; Lopez-Caniego, M.; Martinez-Gonzalez, E.; Toffolatti, L.; Vielva, P.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain.
[Bartlett, J. G.; Colombo, L. P. L.; Crill, B. P.; Dore, O.; Gorski, K. M.; Holmes, W. A.; Lawrence, C. R.; Mitra, S.; Pietrobon, D.; Rocha, G.; Wade, L. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Bonaldi, A.; Davies, R. D.; Davis, R. J.; Dickinson, C.; Maffei, B.; Noviello, F.; Peel, M.; Remazeilles, M.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Ashdown, M.; Harrison, D.; Lasenby, A.; Migliaccio, M.; Stolyarov, V.; Sutton, D.] Kavli Inst Cosmol Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
[Couchot, F.; Perdereau, O.; Plaszczynski, S.; Tristram, M.; Tucci, M.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, LAL, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Catalano, A.; Falgarone, E.; Lamarre, J. -M.; Levrier, F.] CNRS, Observ Paris, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Arnaud, M.; Bobin, J.; Chamballu, A.; Marshall, D. J.; Pratt, G. W.; Starck, J. -L.; Sureau, F.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA DSM CNRS, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Cardoso, J. -F.] CNRS, Lab Traitement & Commun Informat, UMR 5141, F-75634 Paris 13, France.
[Cardoso, J. -F.] Telecom ParisTech, F-75634 Paris 13, France.
[Catalano, A.; Macias-Perez, J. F.; Renault, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS IN2P3, Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
[Van Tent, B.] Univ Paris 11, Phys Theor Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Van Tent, B.] CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Kisner, T. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ensslin, T. A.; Hernandez-Monteagudo, C.; Hovest, W.; Knoche, J.; Rachen, J. P.; Reinecke, M.; Riller, T.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
[Murphy, J. A.] Natl Univ Ireland, Dept Expt Phys, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland.
[Christensen, P. R.; Naselsky, P.; Novikov, I.] Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Savini, G.] UCL, Opt Sci Lab, London, England.
[Baccigalupi, C.; Bielewicz, P.; Danese, L.; de Zotti, G.; Gonzalez-Nuevo, J.; Perrotta, F.] SISSA, Astrophys Sect, I-34136 Trieste, Italy.
[Ade, P. A. R.; Munshi, D.; Spencer, L. D.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales.
[Borrill, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Stolyarov, V.] Russian Acad Sci, Special Astrophys Observ, Zelenchukskiy Region, Karachai Cherke, Russia.
[Benabed, K.; Benoit-Levy, A.; Bouchet, F. R.; Colombi, S.; Hivon, E.; Prunet, S.; Wandelt, B. D.] Univ Paris 06, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Banday, A. J.; Bernard, J. -P.; Bielewicz, P.; Forni, O.; Giard, M.; Montier, L.; Pointecouteau, E.; Ristorcelli, I.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.
[Reach, W. T.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Stratospher Observ Infrared Astron, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Battaner, E.] Univ Granada, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, Granada, Spain.
[Gorski, K. M.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland.
RP Alves, MIR (reprint author), Univ Paris 11, UMR8617, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, Batiment 121, F-91405 Orsay, France.
EM marta.alves@ias.u-psud.fr
RI Bobin, Jerome/P-3729-2014; Battaner, Eduardo/P-7019-2014; Vielva,
Patricio/F-6745-2014; Barreiro, Rita Belen/N-5442-2014; Yvon,
Dominique/D-2280-2015; Martinez-Gonzalez, Enrique/E-9534-2015;
Gonzalez-Nuevo, Joaquin/I-3562-2014; Gruppuso, Alessandro/N-5592-2015;
Novikov, Dmitry/P-1807-2015; Lahteenmaki, Anne/L-5987-2013; Toffolatti,
Luigi/K-5070-2014; Herranz, Diego/K-9143-2014; Lopez-Caniego,
Marcos/M-4695-2013; Remazeilles, Mathieu/N-1793-2015; Butler,
Reginald/N-4647-2015; Valiviita, Jussi/A-9058-2016; Mazzotta,
Pasquale/B-1225-2016; Kurki-Suonio, Hannu/B-8502-2016; Ghosh,
Tuhin/E-6899-2016; Tomasi, Maurizio/I-1234-2016; Novikov,
Igor/N-5098-2015; Colombo, Loris/J-2415-2016; Nati,
Federico/I-4469-2016; popa, lucia/B-4718-2012; Piacentini,
Francesco/E-7234-2010; Atrio-Barandela, Fernando/A-7379-2017; Stolyarov,
Vladislav/C-5656-2017
OI Zacchei, Andrea/0000-0003-0396-1192; Hivon, Eric/0000-0003-1880-2733;
Lilje, Per/0000-0003-4324-7794; Paoletti, Daniela/0000-0003-4761-6147;
Savini, Giorgio/0000-0003-4449-9416; Pierpaoli,
Elena/0000-0002-7957-8993; Ricciardi, Sara/0000-0002-3807-4043; Villa,
Fabrizio/0000-0003-1798-861X; TERENZI, LUCA/0000-0001-9915-6379; Starck,
Jean-Luc/0000-0003-2177-7794; Reach, William/0000-0001-8362-4094; Bobin,
Jerome/0000-0003-1457-7890; Vielva, Patricio/0000-0003-0051-272X;
Barreiro, Rita Belen/0000-0002-6139-4272; Martinez-Gonzalez,
Enrique/0000-0002-0179-8590; Gonzalez-Nuevo,
Joaquin/0000-0003-1354-6822; Gruppuso, Alessandro/0000-0001-9272-5292;
Toffolatti, Luigi/0000-0003-2645-7386; Herranz,
Diego/0000-0003-4540-1417; Peel, Mike/0000-0003-3412-2586; Scott,
Douglas/0000-0002-6878-9840; Masi, Silvia/0000-0001-5105-1439; de
Bernardis, Paolo/0000-0001-6547-6446; Remazeilles,
Mathieu/0000-0001-9126-6266; Maris, Michele/0000-0001-9442-2754;
Galeotta, Samuele/0000-0002-3748-5115; Pasian,
Fabio/0000-0002-4869-3227; WANDELT, Benjamin/0000-0002-5854-8269;
Rubino-Martin, Jose Alberto/0000-0001-5289-3021; Finelli,
Fabio/0000-0002-6694-3269; De Zotti, Gianfranco/0000-0003-2868-2595;
Butler, Reginald/0000-0003-4366-5996; Sandri, Maura/0000-0003-4806-5375;
Franceschi, Enrico/0000-0002-0585-6591; Valenziano,
Luca/0000-0002-1170-0104; Polenta, Gianluca/0000-0003-4067-9196;
Morgante, Gianluca/0000-0001-9234-7412; Matarrese,
Sabino/0000-0002-2573-1243; Lopez-Caniego, Marcos/0000-0003-1016-9283;
Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Gregorio, Anna/0000-0003-4028-8785;
Cuttaia, Francesco/0000-0001-6608-5017; Burigana,
Carlo/0000-0002-3005-5796; Bouchet, Francois/0000-0002-8051-2924;
Valiviita, Jussi/0000-0001-6225-3693; Mazzotta,
Pasquale/0000-0002-5411-1748; Kurki-Suonio, Hannu/0000-0002-4618-3063;
Tomasi, Maurizio/0000-0002-1448-6131; Colombo,
Loris/0000-0003-4572-7732; Nati, Federico/0000-0002-8307-5088;
Piacentini, Francesco/0000-0002-5444-9327; Atrio-Barandela,
Fernando/0000-0002-2130-2513; Stolyarov, Vladislav/0000-0001-8151-828X
FU ESA (France); CNES (France); CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI (Italy);
CNR (Italy); INAF (Italy); NASA (USA); DoE (USA); STFC (UK); UKSA (UK);
CSIC (Spain); MICINN (Spain); JA (Spain); Tekes (Finland); AoF
(Finland); CSC (Finland); DLR (Germany); MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada);
DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland);
FCT/MCTES (Portugal); DEISA (EU); European Research Council under the
European Union [267934]
FX We acknowledge the use of the HEALPix (Gorski et al. 2005) package and
IRAS data. The Planck Collaboration acknowledges support from: ESA; CNES
and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and
DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN and JA (Spain); Tekes, AoF
and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space
(Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES
(Portugal); and DEISA (EU). A detailed description of the Planck
Collaboration and a list of its members can be found at
http://www.rssd.esa.int/index.php?project=PLANCK&page-Planck-Collaborati
on. The research leading to these results has received funding from the
European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework
Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no 267934.
NR 92
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Z9 17
U1 2
U2 19
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1432-0746
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 564
AR A45
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201322367
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AF4GW
UT WOS:000334671000045
ER
PT J
AU Buchner, J
Georgakakis, A
Nandra, K
Hsu, L
Rangel, C
Brightman, M
Merloni, A
Salvato, M
Donley, J
Kocevski, D
AF Buchner, J.
Georgakakis, A.
Nandra, K.
Hsu, L.
Rangel, C.
Brightman, M.
Merloni, A.
Salvato, M.
Donley, J.
Kocevski, D.
TI X-ray spectral modelling of the AGN obscuring region in the CDFS:
Bayesian model selection and catalogue
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion accretion disks; methods: data analysis; methods: statistical;
galaxies: nuclei; X-rays: galaxies; galaxies: high-redshift
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; DEEP FIELD-SOUTH;
SPACE-TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS;
XMM-NEWTON; HIERARCHICAL-MODELS; COMPTON REFLECTION; LIKELIHOOD RATIO
AB Aims. Active galactic nuclei are known to have complex X-ray spectra that depend on both the properties of the accreting super-massive black hole (e.g. mass, accretion rate) and the distribution of obscuring material in its vicinity (i.e. the "torus"). Often however, simple and even unphysical models are adopted to represent the X-ray spectra of AGN, which do not capture the complexity and diversity of the observations. In the case of blank field surveys in particular, this should have an impact on e.g. the determination of the AGN luminosity function, the inferred accretion history of the Universe and also on our understanding of the relation between AGN and their host galaxies.
Methods. We develop a Bayesian framework for model comparison and parameter estimation of X-ray spectra. We take into account uncertainties associated with both the Poisson nature of X-ray data and the determination of source redshift using photometric methods. We also demonstrate how Bayesian model comparison can be used to select among ten different physically motivated X-ray spectral models the one that provides a better representation of the observations. This methodology is applied to X-ray AGN in the 4 Ms Chandra Deep Field South.
Results. For the similar to 350 AGN in that field, our analysis identifies four components needed to represent the diversity of the observed X-ray spectra: (1) an intrinsic power law; (2) a cold obscurer which reprocesses the radiation due to photo-electric absorption, Compton scattering and Fe-K fluorescence; (3) an unabsorbed power law associated with Thomson scattering off ionised clouds: and (4) Compton reflection, most noticeable from a stronger-than-expected Fe-K line. Simpler models, such as a photo-electrically absorbed power law with a Thomson scattering component, are ruled out with decisive evidence (B > 100). We also find that ignoring the Thomson scattering component results in underestimation of the inferred column density, N-H, of the obscurer. Regarding the geometry of the obscurer, there is strong evidence against both a completely closed (e.g. sphere), or entirely open (e.g. blob of material along the line of sight), toroidal geometry in favour of an intermediate case.
Conclusions. Despite the use of low-count spectra, our methodology is able to draw strong inferences on the geometry of the torus. Simpler models are ruled out in favour of a geometrically extended structure with significant Compton scattering. We confirm the presence of a soft component, possibly associated with Thomson scattering off ionised clouds in the opening angle of the torus. The additional Compton reflection required by data over that predicted by toroidal geometry models, may be a sign of a density gradient in the torus or reflection off the accretion disk. Finally, we release a catalogue of AGN in the CDFS with estimated parameters such as the accretion luminosity in the 2-10 keV band and the column density, N-H, of the obscurer.
C1 [Buchner, J.; Georgakakis, A.; Nandra, K.; Hsu, L.; Brightman, M.; Merloni, A.; Salvato, M.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Rangel, C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Astrophys Grp, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Donley, J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Kocevski, D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Georgakakis, A.] Natl Observ Athens, V Paulou 11532, Greece.
[Georgakakis, A.] Natl Observ Athens, I Metaxa 11532, Greece.
RP Buchner, J (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
EM johannes.buchner.acad@gmx.com
RI Georgakakis, Antonis/K-4457-2013;
OI Buchner, Johannes/0000-0003-0426-6634; Georgakakis,
Antonis/0000-0002-3514-2442
FU Max-Planck-Gesellschaft stipend; Chandra X-ray Center (CXC); THALES
project [383549]; European Union; Greek Government
FX JB thanks Farhan Feroz for proofreading the methodology section.
Remaining errors are JB's. JB acknowledges financial support through a
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft stipend. We also thank the builders and
operators of Chandra. This research has made use of software provided by
the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) in the application package CIAO. AGE
acknowledges the THALES project 383549, which is jointly funded by the
European Union and the Greek Government in the framework of the
programme "Education and Lifelong Learning".
NR 93
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PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1432-0746
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 564
AR A125
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201322971
PG 25
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AF4GW
UT WOS:000334671000125
ER
PT J
AU Occhiogrosso, A
Vasyunin, A
Herbst, E
Viti, S
Ward, MD
Price, SD
Brown, WA
AF Occhiogrosso, A.
Vasyunin, A.
Herbst, E.
Viti, S.
Ward, M. D.
Price, S. D.
Brown, W. A.
TI Ethylene oxide and acetaldehyde in hot cores
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE astrochemistry; stars: abundances; ISM: abundances; ISM: molecules
ID GAS-GRAIN CHEMISTRY; MONTE-CARLO TREATMENT; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; VINYL
ALCOHOL; INTERSTELLAR; MOLECULES; DESORPTION; C-C2H4O; CLOUDS; MODEL
AB Context. Ethylene oxide (c-C2H4O), and its isomer acetaldehyde (CH3CHO), are important complex organic molecules because of their potential role in the formation of amino acids. The discovery of ethylene oxide in hot cores suggests the presence of ring-shaped molecules with more than 3 carbon atoms such as furan (c-C4H4O), to which ribose, the sugar found in DNA, is closely related.
Aims. Despite the fact that acetaldehyde is ubiquitous in the interstellar medium, ethylene oxide has not yet been detected in cold sources. We aim to understand the chemistry of the formation and loss of ethylene oxide in hot and cold interstellar objects (i) by including in a revised gas-grain network some recent experimental results on grain surfaces and (ii) by comparison with the chemical behaviour of its isomer, acetaldehyde.
Methods. We introduce a complete chemical network for ethylene oxide using a revised gas-grain chemical model. We test the code for the case of a hot core. The model allows us to predict the gaseous and solid ethylene oxide abundances during a cooling-down phase prior to star formation and during the subsequent warm-up phase. We can therefore predict at what temperatures ethylene oxide forms on grain surfaces and at what temperature it starts to desorb into the gas phase.
Results. The model reproduces the observed gaseous abundances of ethylene oxide and acetaldehyde towards high-mass star-forming regions. In addition, our results show that ethylene oxide may be present in outer and cooler regions of hot cores where its isomer has already been detected. Our new results are compared with previous results, which focused on the formation of ethylene oxide only.
Conclusions. Despite their different chemical structures, the chemistry of ethylene oxide is coupled to that of acetaldehyde, suggesting that acetaldehyde may be used as a tracer for ethylene oxide towards cold cores.
C1 [Occhiogrosso, A.; Viti, S.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Vasyunin, A.; Herbst, E.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Ward, M. D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Price, S. D.] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England.
[Brown, W. A.] Univ Sussex, Dept Chem, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England.
[Vasyunin, A.] Ural Fed Univ, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
RP Occhiogrosso, A (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.
EM ao@star.ucl.ac.uk
RI Brown, Wendy/B-9434-2008; Vasyunin, Anton/N-9112-2016
OI Brown, Wendy/0000-0001-5934-1270; Vasyunin, Anton/0000-0003-1684-3355
FU (European Community's) Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013)
[238258]; National Science Foundation (US); NASA Exobiology and
Evolutionary Biology program through Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute;
NASA Exobiology and Evolutionary Biology program
FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the
(European Community's) Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under
grant agreement n degrees 238258. E.H. acknowledges the support of the
National Science Foundation (US) for his astrochemistry program, and
support from the NASA Exobiology and Evolutionary Biology program
through a subcontract from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
NR 35
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PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
EI 1432-0746
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 564
AR A123
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201322598
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AF4GW
UT WOS:000334671000123
ER
PT J
AU Williams, PT
Zhao, XQ
Marcovina, SM
Otvos, JD
Brown, BG
Krauss, RM
AF Williams, Paul T.
Zhao, Xue-Qiao
Marcovina, Santica M.
Otvos, James D.
Brown, B. Greg
Krauss, Ronald M.
TI Comparison of four methods of analysis of lipoprotein particle
subfractions for their association with angiographic progression of
coronary artery disease
SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lipoprotein subfractions; Low-density lipoproteins; Very low density
lipoproteins; High density lipoproteins; Angiography; Coronary artery
disease; Prevention
ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; VAP-II METHODOLOGY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE;
APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; CHOLESTEROL; RISK; SIZE; LDL; PREVENTION; SUBCLASSES
AB Background: Compare gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE), vertical auto profile ultracentrifugation (VAP-II), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and ion mobility for their ability to relate low (LDL), intermediate- (IDL), very-low-density (VLDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfraction concentrations to atherosclerotic progression.
Methods and results: Regression analyses of 136 patients who received baseline and follow-up coronary angiographies and subfraction measurements by all four methods in the HDL Atherosclerosis Treatment Study. Prior analyses have shown that the intervention primarily affected disease progression in proximal arteries with <30% stenoses at baseline.
Three-year increases in percent stenoses were consistently associated with higher on-study plasma concentrations of small, dense LDL as measured by GGE (LDLIIIb, P = 10(-6); LDLIVa, P = 0.006; LDLIVb, P = 0.02), VAP-II (LDL4, P = 0.002), NMR (small LDL, P = 0.001), and ion mobility (LDL IIb, P = 0.04; LDLIIIa, P = 0.002; LDLIIIb, P = 0.0007; LDLIVa, P = 0.05). Adjustment for triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol failed to eliminate the statistical significance for on-study GGE estimated LDLIIIb (P = 10(-5)) and LDLIVa (P = 0.04); NMR-estimated small LDL (P = 0.03); or ion mobility estimated large VLDL (P = 0.02), LDLIIIa (P = 0.04) or LDLIIIb (P = 0.02). All methods show that the effects were significantly greater for the on-study than the baseline small, dense LDL concentrations, thus establishing that the values concurrent to the progression of disease were responsible. The rate of disease progression was also related to individual VLDL, IDL, and HDL subclasses to differing extents among the various analytic methods.
Conclusion: Four methodologies confirm the association of small, dense LDL with greater coronary atherosclerosis progression, and GGE, NMR, and ion mobility confirm that the associations were independent of standard lipid measurements. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 [Williams, Paul T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zhao, Xue-Qiao; Brown, B. Greg] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Seattle, WA USA.
[Marcovina, Santica M.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Northwest Lipid Res Labs, Seattle, WA USA.
[Otvos, James D.] LipoSci Inc, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Krauss, Ronald M.] Childrens Hosp Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA.
RP Krauss, RM (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Oakland Res Inst, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, CA 94609 USA.
EM rkrauss@chori.org
FU National Institutes of Health [R01 HL49546]; Clinical Nutrition Research
Unit [DK 35816]; Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center [DK 17047];
Clinical Research Center at the University of Washington [MO1 00037]
FX Supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01
HL49546), the Clinical Nutrition Research Unit (DK 35816), and the
Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center (DK 17047). A portion of this
study was performed in the Clinical Research Center at the University of
Washington (under grant MO1 00037). Drugs were supplied by Upsher-Smith
Laboratories and Merck.
NR 33
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0021-9150
EI 1879-1484
J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS
JI Atherosclerosis
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 233
IS 2
BP 713
EP 720
DI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.01.034
PG 8
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA AE9OM
UT WOS:000334337200061
PM 24603218
ER
PT J
AU Vargis, E
Peterson, CB
Morrell-Falvey, JL
Retterer, ST
Collier, CP
AF Vargis, Elizabeth
Peterson, Cristen B.
Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L.
Retterer, Scott T.
Collier, Charles Patrick
TI The effect of retinal pigment epithelial cell patch size on growth
factor expression
SO BIOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Microcontact printing; Retinal pigment epithelial; Tight junctions;
VEGF; In vitro model; Micropatterning
ID MACULAR DEGENERATION; DISEASE; ATROPHY
AB The spatial organization of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells grown in culture was controlled using micropatterning techniques in order to examine the effect of patch size on cell health and differentiation. Understanding this effect is a critical step in the development of multiplexed high throughput fluidic assays and provides a model for replicating disease states associated with the deterioration of retinal tissue during age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Microcontact printing of fibronectin on polystyrene and glass substrates was used to promote cell attachment, forming RPE patches of controlled size and shape. These colonies mimic the effect of atrophy and loss-of-function that occurs in the retina during degenerative diseases such as AMD. After 72 h of cell growth, levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an important biomarker of AMD, were measured. Cells were counted and morphological indicators of cell viability and tight junction formation were assessed via fluorescence microscopy. Up to a twofold increase of VEGF expression per cell was measured as colony size decreased, suggesting that the local microenvironment of, and connections between, RPE cells influences growth factor expression leading to the initiation and progression of diseases such as AMD. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vargis, Elizabeth; Retterer, Scott T.; Collier, Charles Patrick] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Vargis, Elizabeth] Univ Tennessee, Joint Inst Biol Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Peterson, Cristen B.; Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer L.; Retterer, Scott T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Retterer, ST (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM rettererst@ornl.gov; colliercp@ornl.gov
RI Retterer, Scott/A-5256-2011; Morrell-Falvey, Jennifer/A-6615-2011;
Collier, Charles/C-9206-2016;
OI Retterer, Scott/0000-0001-8534-1979; Morrell-Falvey,
Jennifer/0000-0002-9362-7528; Collier, Charles/0000-0002-8198-793X;
Vargis, Elizabeth/0000-0003-3141-9317
FU Scientific User Facilities Division,Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy
FX A portion of this research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase
Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 25
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U1 1
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0142-9612
EI 1878-5905
J9 BIOMATERIALS
JI Biomaterials
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 35
IS 13
BP 3999
EP 4004
DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.01.016
PG 6
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA AF1NQ
UT WOS:000334481000008
PM 24485792
ER
PT J
AU Oleskowicz-Popiel, P
Klein-Marcuschamer, D
Simmons, BA
Blanch, HW
AF Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr
Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel
Simmons, Blake A.
Blanch, Harvey W.
TI Lignocellulosic ethanol production without enzymes - Technoeconomic
analysis of ionic liquid pretreatment followed by acidolysis
SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biofuels; Technoeconomic analysis; Acidolysis; Pretreatment; Ionic
liquids
ID ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; CELLULOSIC ETHANOL; SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; BIOMASS;
TECHNOLOGIES; DISSOLUTION; BIOFUELS; SUGARS; COST; ACID
AB Deconstruction of polysaccharides into fermentable sugars remains the key challenge in the production of inexpensive lignocellulosic biofuels. Typically, costly enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated biomass is used to depolymerize its cellulosic content into fermentable monomers. In this work, we examined the production of lignocellulosic recovery, a process that does not require the use of enzymes to produce fermentable sugars. In the base case, the minimum ethanol selling price (MESP) was $8.05/gal, but with improved performance of the hydrolysis, extraction, and sugar recovery, the MESP can be lowered to $4.00/gal. Additionally, two scenarios involving lignin recovery were considered. Although the results based on current assumptions indicate that this process is expensive compared to more established technologies, improvements in the hydrolysis yield, the sugar extraction efficiency, and the sugar recovery were shown to result in more competitive processes. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr; Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel; Simmons, Blake A.; Blanch, Harvey W.] Joint Bioenergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.
[Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr; Klein-Marcuschamer, Daniel; Simmons, Blake A.; Blanch, Harvey W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Simmons, Blake A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Biomass Sci & Convers Technol Dept, Livermore, CA USA.
[Blanch, Harvey W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Blanch, HW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 201 Gilman Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM piotr.oleskowicz-popiel@put.poznan.pl; DKlein@lbl.gov;
BASimmons@lbl.gov; blanch@berkeley.edu
RI Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr/F-7810-2014;
OI Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr/0000-0003-3852-0098; Simmons,
Blake/0000-0002-1332-1810
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy;
U.S. DOE, Energy Efficiency; Renewable Energy Technology
Commercialization Fund; Statoil
FX This work was part of the DOE Joint BioEnergy Institute
(http://www.jbei.org) supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through
contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
and the U.S. Department of Energy. Project funding was provided by the
U.S. DOE, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technology
Commercialization Fund; additional funding from Statoil is acknowledged.
NR 26
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0960-8524
EI 1873-2976
J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL
JI Bioresour. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 158
BP 294
EP 299
DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.016
PG 6
WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy &
Fuels
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA AF6MX
UT WOS:000334830300041
PM 24632406
ER
PT J
AU Archambault-Leger, V
Lynd, LR
AF Archambault-Leger, Veronique
Lynd, Lee R.
TI Fluid mechanics relevant to flow through pretreatment of cellulosic
biomass
SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Flow through; Pretreatment; Pressure drop; Bagasse; Fluid mechanics
ID COUNTERCURRENT EXTRACTION; HOT-WATER; HEMICELLULOSE; DIGESTIBILITY;
TECHNOLOGIES; HYDROLYSIS; RECOVERY; PLANTS
AB The present study investigates fluid mechanical properties of cellulosic feedstocks relevant to flow through (FT) pretreatment for biological conversion of cellulosic biomass. The results inform identifying conditions for which FT pretreatment can be implemented in a practical context. Measurements of pressure drop across packed beds, viscous compaction and water absorption are reported for milled and not milled sugarcane bagasse, switchgrass and poplar, and important factors impacting viscous flow are deduced. Using biomass knife-milled to pass through a 2 mmsieve, the observed pressure drop was highest for bagasse, intermediate for switchgrass and lowest for poplar. The highest pressure drop was associated with the presence of more fine particles, greater viscous compaction and the degree of water absorption. Using bagasse without particle size reduction, the instability of the reactor during pretreatment above 140 kg/m(3) sets an upper bound on the allowable concentration for continuous stable flow. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Archambault-Leger, Veronique; Lynd, Lee R.] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Archambault-Leger, Veronique; Lynd, Lee R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, DOE BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Lynd, Lee R.] Mascoma Corp, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA.
RP Lynd, LR (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, 14 Engn Dr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
EM Veronique.Archambault-Leger@Dartmouth.edu; Lee.R.Lynd@Dartmouth.edu
FU Link Energy Foundation; BioEnergy Science Center (BESC); Office of
Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science,; Oak
Ridge National Laboratory; Mascoma Corporation; Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX The authors are grateful for the support provided by funding Grants from
the Link Energy Foundation, the BioEnergy Science Center (BESC), a U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) Research Center supported by the Office of
Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science, Oak
Ridge National Laboratory, and Mascoma Corporation. Oak Ridge National
Laboratory is managed by University of Tennessee UT-Battelle LLC for the
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 19
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U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0960-8524
EI 1873-2976
J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL
JI Bioresour. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 157
BP 278
EP 283
DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.035
PG 6
WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy &
Fuels
SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
GA AF6MQ
UT WOS:000334829600038
PM 24566286
ER
PT J
AU Hernandez-Cruz, D
Hargis, CW
Bae, S
Itty, PA
Meral, C
Dominowski, J
Radler, MJ
Kilcoyne, DA
Monteiro, PJM
AF Hernandez-Cruz, Daniel
Hargis, Craig W.
Bae, Sungchul
Itty, Pierre A.
Meral, Cagla
Dominowski, Jolee
Radler, Michael J.
Kilcoyne, David A.
Monteiro, Paulo J. M.
TI Multiscale characterization of chemical-mechanical interactions between
polymer fibers and cementitious matrix
SO CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
LA English
DT Article
DE Reinforcing concrete fiber; STXM; mu CT; Hybrid fiber; NEXAFS
ID ALKALI-SILICA REACTION; RAY TRANSMISSION MICROSCOPY; PORTLAND-CEMENT;
COMPOSITES; HYDRATION; HYDROXIDE; ADHESION; BEHAVIOR; MORTAR; EVA
AB Together with a series of mechanical tests, the interactions and potential bonding between polymeric fibers and cementitious materials were studied using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and microtomography (mu CT). Experimental results.showed that these techniques have great potential to characterize the polymer fiber-hydrated cement-paste matrix interface, as well as differentiating the chemistry of the two components of a bi-polymer (hybrid) fiber-the polypropylene core and the ethylene acrylic acid copolymer sheath. Similarly, chemical interactions between the hybrid fiber and the cement hydration products were observed, indicating the chemical bonding between the sheath and the hardened cement paste matrix. Microtomography allowed visualization of the performance of the samples, and the distribution and orientation of the two types of fiber in mortar. Beam flexure tests confirmed improved tensile strength of mixes containing hybrid fibers, and expansion bar tests showed similar reductions in expansion for the polypropylene and hybrid fiber mortar bars. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hernandez-Cruz, Daniel] Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Fac Engn, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
[Hernandez-Cruz, Daniel; Hargis, Craig W.; Bae, Sungchul; Itty, Pierre A.; Meral, Cagla; Monteiro, Paulo J. M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dominowski, Jolee; Radler, Michael J.] Dow Construct Chem, Midland, MI USA.
[Kilcoyne, David A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Meral, Cagla] Middle East Tech Univ, Ankara, Turkey.
RP Monteiro, PJM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 725 Davis Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM monteiro@ce.berkeley.edu
RI Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013; Meral, Cagla/K-8590-2013;
OI Meral, Cagla/0000-0001-8720-1216; Hernandez Cruz,
Daniel/0000-0003-4950-7155
FU Berkeley Fellowship; Carlson-Polivka Fellowship; Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-ACO2-05CH11231]
FX C.W. Hargis was supported by the Berkeley Fellowship for Graduate Study
and the Carlson-Polivka Fellowship. The authors want to acknowledge Tony
Warwick for all his support at the Advanced Light Source. And to Gabriel
Jen for his valuable comments on the fiber reinforced mortar. The
Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-ACO2-05CH11231.
NR 34
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U1 3
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0958-9465
EI 1873-393X
J9 CEMENT CONCRETE COMP
JI Cem. Concr. Compos.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 48
BP 9
EP 18
DI 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.01.001
PG 10
WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Composites
SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science
GA AF1OW
UT WOS:000334484200002
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, DE
Upadhyayula, VKK
AF Meyer, David E.
Upadhyayula, Venkata K. K.
TI The use of life cycle tools to support decision making for sustainable
nanotechnologies
SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanotechnology; Sustainability; Life cycle assessment (LCA); Life cycle
risk assessment (LCRA); Life cycle costing (LCC); Social life cycle
assessment (SLCA); Life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA)
ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; POLICY-MAKING; ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT; NANOPARTICLES; IMPACT;
OPPORTUNITIES; NANOPRODUCTS
AB Nanotechnology is a broad-impact technology with applications ranging from materials and electronics to analytical methods and metrology. The many benefits that can be realized through the utilization of nanotechnology are intended to lead to an improved quality of life. However, numerous concerns have been expressed regarding the unchecked growth of nanotechnology and the unforeseen consequences it may bring. To address the concerns, nanotechnology must be examined under the microscope of sustainability. This work applies the life cycle perspective to provide an understanding of the challenges facing the development of sustainable nanotechnology. A discussion of the holistic tools used to assess the components of sustainability serves as the basis to examine how a harmony between policy and product development can be maintained using decision making for sustainability. This harmony will be most readily achieved using an enhanced risk management strategy for sustainability that combines sustainability assessment with sustainable chemical design.
C1 [Meyer, David E.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Upadhyayula, Venkata K. K.] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Meyer, DE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM meyer.david@epa.gov
FU US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and
Development; National Risk Management Research Laboratory; US Department
of Energy [DW 89- 92298301-0]; US Environmental Protection Agency [DW
89- 92298301-0]
FX The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research
and Development funded the research described here. It has not been
subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect
the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred.
This research was supported in part by an appointment of Venkata K. K.
Upadhyayula in the Postdoctoral Research Program at the National Risk
Management Research Laboratory, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute
for Science and Education through Interagency Agreement No. DW 89-
92298301-0 between the US Department of Energy and the US Environmental
Protection Agency.
NR 103
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U2 44
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1618-954X
EI 1618-9558
J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR
JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 16
IS 4
SI SI
BP 757
EP 772
DI 10.1007/s10098-013-0686-3
PG 16
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental;
Environmental Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences
& Ecology
GA AF4KF
UT WOS:000334680100010
ER
PT J
AU Kriegler, E
Weyant, JP
Blanford, GJ
Krey, V
Clarke, L
Edmonds, J
Fawcett, A
Luderer, G
Riahi, K
Richels, R
Rose, SK
Tavoni, M
van Vuuren, DP
AF Kriegler, Elmar
Weyant, John P.
Blanford, Geoffrey J.
Krey, Volker
Clarke, Leon
Edmonds, Jae
Fawcett, Allen
Luderer, Gunnar
Riahi, Keywan
Richels, Richard
Rose, Steven K.
Tavoni, Massimo
van Vuuren, Detlef P.
TI The role of technology for achieving climate policy objectives: overview
of the EMF 27 study on global technology and climate policy strategies
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY; MITIGATION; TARGETS; COSTS
AB This article presents the synthesis of results from the Stanford Energy Modeling Forum Study 27, an inter-comparison of 18 energy-economy and integrated assessment models. The study investigated the importance of individual mitigation options such as energy intensity improvements, carbon capture and storage (CCS), nuclear power, solar and wind power and bioenergy for climate mitigation. Limiting the atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration to 450 or 550 ppm CO2 equivalent by 2100 would require a decarbonization of the global energy system in the 21(st) century. Robust characteristics of the energy transformation are increased energy intensity improvements and the electrification of energy end use coupled with a fast decarbonization of the electricity sector. Non-electric energy end use is hardest to decarbonize, particularly in the transport sector. Technology is a key element of climate mitigation. Versatile technologies such as CCS and bioenergy are found to be most important, due in part to their combined ability to produce negative emissions. The importance of individual low-carbon electricity technologies is more limited due to the many alternatives in the sector. The scale of the energy transformation is larger for the 450 ppm than for the 550 ppm CO(2)e target. As a result, the achievability and the costs of the 450 ppm target are more sensitive to variations in technology availability.
C1 [Kriegler, Elmar; Luderer, Gunnar] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
[Weyant, John P.] Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
[Blanford, Geoffrey J.; Richels, Richard; Rose, Steven K.] Elect Power Res Inst, Energy & Environm Anal Res Grp, Washington, DC USA.
[Clarke, Leon; Edmonds, Jae] Univ Maryland, Joint Global Change Res Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Fawcett, Allen] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Krey, Volker; Riahi, Keywan] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria.
[Tavoni, Massimo] FEEM, Milan, Italy.
[Tavoni, Massimo] CMCC, Milan, Italy.
[van Vuuren, Detlef P.] PBL Netherlands Environm Assessment Agcy, Bilthoven, Netherlands.
[van Vuuren, Detlef P.] Univ Utrecht, Dept Geosci, Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP Kriegler, E (reprint author), Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Telegrafenberg A31, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
EM kriegler@pik-potsdam.de
RI Luderer, Gunnar/G-2967-2012; van Vuuren, Detlef/A-4764-2009; Kriegler,
Elmar/I-3048-2016; Riahi, Keywan/B-6426-2011
OI van Vuuren, Detlef/0000-0003-0398-2831; Kriegler,
Elmar/0000-0002-3307-2647; Riahi, Keywan/0000-0001-7193-3498
FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830];
European Commission [282846]
FX Jae Edmonds and Leon Clarke are grateful for research support provided
by the Integrated Assessment Research Program in the Office of Science
of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830.
Results reported for the GCAM model used Evergreen computing resources
at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Joint Global Change
Research Institute at the University of Maryland in College Park, which
is supported by the Integrated Assessment Research Program in the Office
of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The views and opinions
expressed in this paper are those of the authors alone.; The
contribution of Elmar Kriegler, Volker Krey, Gunnar Luderer, Keywan
Riahi, Massimo Tavoni and Detlev van Vuuren to this research was
supported by funding from the European Commission's Seventh Framework
Programme under the LIMITS project (grant agreement no. 282846).
NR 17
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U1 7
U2 50
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 123
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 353
EP 367
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0953-7
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AF0OW
UT WOS:000334414900002
ER
PT J
AU Rose, SK
Kriegler, E
Bibas, R
Calvin, K
Popp, A
van Vuuren, DP
Weyant, J
AF Rose, Steven K.
Kriegler, Elmar
Bibas, Ruben
Calvin, Katherine
Popp, Alexander
van Vuuren, Detlef P.
Weyant, John
TI Bioenergy in energy transformation and climate management
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON CAPTURE; LAND-USE; STORAGE; COSTS
AB This study explores the importance of bioenergy to potential future energy transformation and climate change management. Using a large inter-model comparison of 15 models, we comprehensively characterize and analyze future dependence on, and the value of, bioenergy in achieving potential long-run climate objectives. Model scenarios project, by 2050, bioenergy growth of 1 to 10 % per annum reaching 1 to 35 % of global primary energy, and by 2100, bioenergy becoming 10 to 50 % of global primary energy. Non-OECD regions are projected to be the dominant suppliers of biomass, as well as consumers, with up to 35 % of regional electricity from biopower by 2050, and up to 70 % of regional liquid fuels from biofuels by 2050. Bioenergy is found to be valuable to many models with significant implications for mitigation and macroeconomic costs of climate policies. The availability of bioenergy, in particular biomass with carbon dioxide capture and storage (BECCS), notably affects the cost-effective global emissions trajectory for climate management by accommodating prolonged near-term use of fossil fuels, but with potential implications for climate outcomes. Finally, we find that models cost-effectively trade-off land carbon and nitrous oxide emissions for the long-run climate change management benefits of bioenergy. The results suggest opportunities, but also imply challenges. Overall, further evaluation of the viability of large-scale global bioenergy is merited.
C1 [Rose, Steven K.] Elect Power Res Inst, Energy & Environm Anal Res Grp, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
[Kriegler, Elmar; Popp, Alexander] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Potsdam, Germany.
[Bibas, Ruben] CIRED, Nogent Sur Marne, France.
[Calvin, Katherine] Univ Maryland, Joint Global Change Res Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[van Vuuren, Detlef P.] PBL Netherlands Environm Assessment Agcy, Bilthoven, Netherlands.
[van Vuuren, Detlef P.] Univ Utrecht, Dept Geosci, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Weyant, John] Stanford Univ, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
RP Rose, SK (reprint author), Elect Power Res Inst, Energy & Environm Anal Res Grp, 2000 L St NW,Suite 805, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
EM srose@epri.com
RI Popp, Alexander/N-7064-2014; van Vuuren, Detlef/A-4764-2009; Kriegler,
Elmar/I-3048-2016;
OI van Vuuren, Detlef/0000-0003-0398-2831; Kriegler,
Elmar/0000-0002-3307-2647; Calvin, Katherine/0000-0003-2191-4189
FU Electric Power Research Institute; European Commission [282846]; Chair
"Modeling for Sustainable Development."; Office of Science of the U.S.
Department of Energy as part of the Integrated Assessment Research
Program
FX This article benefitted greatly from the comments of the anonymous
reviewers, as well as from overall feedback from EMF-27 Study
participants. The contribution of S. R. was supported by the Electric
Power Research Institute. The contributions of E. K., A. P., and D. v.
V. were supported by funding from the European Commission's Seventh
Framework Programme under the LIMITS project (grant agreement no.
282846). The contribution of R. B. was supported with funding from the
Chair "Modeling for Sustainable Development." The contribution of K. C.
was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
as part of the Integrated Assessment Research Program. The views
expressed in this work are solely those of the authors and do not
represent those of funding organizations. All errors are our own.
NR 19
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 123
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 477
EP 493
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0965-3
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AF0OW
UT WOS:000334414900010
ER
PT J
AU Popp, A
Rose, SK
Calvin, K
Van Vuuren, DP
Dietrich, JP
Wise, M
Stehfest, E
Humpenoder, F
Kyle, P
Van Vliet, J
Bauer, N
Lotze-Campen, H
Klein, D
Kriegler, E
AF Popp, Alexander
Rose, Steven K.
Calvin, Katherine
Van Vuuren, Detlef P.
Dietrich, Jan Phillip
Wise, Marshall
Stehfest, Elke
Humpenoeder, Florian
Kyle, Page
Van Vliet, Jasper
Bauer, Nico
Lotze-Campen, Hermann
Klein, David
Kriegler, Elmar
TI Land-use transition for bioenergy and climate stabilization: model
comparison of drivers, impacts and interactions with other land use
based mitigation options
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID BIO-ENERGY; MISCANTHUS; EMISSIONS; CROP
AB In this article, we evaluate and compare results from three integrated assessment models (GCAM, IMAGE, and ReMIND/MAgPIE) regarding the drivers and impacts of bioenergy production on the global land system. The considered model frameworks employ linked energy, economy, climate and land use modules. By the help of these linkages the direct competition of bioenergy with other energy technology options for greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation, based on economic costs and GHG emissions from bioenergy production, has been taken into account. Our results indicate that dedicated bioenergy crops and biomass residues form a potentially important and cost-effective input into the energy system. At the same time, however, the results differ strongly in terms of deployment rates, feedstock composition and land-use and greenhouse gas implications. The current paper adds to earlier work by specific looking into model differences with respect to the land-use component that could contribute to the noted differences in results, including land cover allocation, land use constraints, energy crop yields, and non-bioenergy land mitigation options modeled. In scenarios without climate change mitigation, bioenergy cropland represents 10-18 % of total cropland by 2100 across the different models, and boosts cropland expansion at the expense of carbon richer ecosystems. Therefore, associated emissions from land-use change and agricultural intensification as a result of bio-energy use range from 14 and 113 Gt CO2-eq cumulatively through 2100. Under climate policy, bioenergy cropland increases to 24-36 % of total cropland by 2100.
C1 [Popp, Alexander; Dietrich, Jan Phillip; Humpenoeder, Florian; Bauer, Nico; Lotze-Campen, Hermann; Klein, David; Kriegler, Elmar] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res PIK, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany.
[Rose, Steven K.] EPRI, Energy & Environm Anal Res Grp, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
[Calvin, Katherine; Wise, Marshall; Kyle, Page] Univ Maryland, Joint Global Change Res Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Van Vuuren, Detlef P.; Stehfest, Elke; Van Vliet, Jasper] PBL Netherlands Environm Assessment Agcy, Bilthoven, Netherlands.
[Van Vuuren, Detlef P.] Univ Utrecht, Dept Geosci, Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP Popp, A (reprint author), Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res PIK, POB 60 12 03, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany.
EM popp@pik-potsdam.de
RI Popp, Alexander/N-7064-2014; van Vuuren, Detlef/A-4764-2009; Kriegler,
Elmar/I-3048-2016;
OI van Vuuren, Detlef/0000-0003-0398-2831; Kriegler,
Elmar/0000-0002-3307-2647; Calvin, Katherine/0000-0003-2191-4189
FU European Union [282846]; Office of Science of the U. S. Department of
Energy as part of the Integrated Assessment Research Program
FX The research described in this paper received funding from the European
Union Seventh Framework Program FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement no
282846 (LIMITS). Katherine Calvin, Marshall Wise, and Page Kyle were
supported by the Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy as
part of the Integrated Assessment Research Program.
NR 29
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 6
U2 39
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 123
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 495
EP 509
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0926-x
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AF0OW
UT WOS:000334414900011
ER
PT J
AU Rose, SK
Richels, R
Smith, S
Riahi, K
Strefler, J
van Vuuren, DP
AF Rose, Steven K.
Richels, Richard
Smith, Steve
Riahi, Keywan
Strefler, Jessica
van Vuuren, Detlef P.
TI Non-Kyoto radiative forcing in long-run greenhouse gas emissions and
climate change scenarios
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE; MITIGATION; POLICY
AB Climate policies must consider radiative forcing from Kyoto greenhouse gases, as well as other forcing constituents, such as aerosols and tropospheric ozone that result from air pollutants. Non-Kyoto forcing constituents contribute negative, as well as positive forcing, and overall increases in total forcing result in increases in global average temperature. Non-Kyoto forcing modeling is a relatively new component of climate management scenarios. This paper describes and assesses current non-Kyoto radiative forcing modeling within five integrated assessment models. The study finds negative forcing from aerosols masking (offsetting) approximately 25 % of positive forcing in the near-term in reference non-climate policy projections. However, masking is projected to decline rapidly to 5-10 % by 2100 with increasing Kyoto emissions and assumed reductions in air pollution-with the later declining to as much as 50 % and 80 % below today's levels by 2050 and 2100 respectively. Together they imply declining importance of non-Kyoto forcing over time. There are however significant uncertainties and large differences across models in projected non-Kyoto emissions and forcing. A look into the modeling reveals differences in base conditions, relationships between Kyoto and non-Kyoto emissions, pollution control assumptions, and other fundamental modeling. In addition, under climate policy scenarios, we find air pollution and resulting non-Kyoto forcing reduced to levels below those produced by air pollution policies alone-e.g., China sulfur emissions fall an additional 45-85 % by 2050. None of the models actively manage non-Kyoto forcing for climate implications. Nonetheless, non-Kyoto forcing may be influencing mitigation results, including allowable carbon dioxide emissions, and further evaluation is merited.
C1 [Rose, Steven K.; Richels, Richard] Elect Power Res Inst, Energy & Environm Anal Res Grp, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
[Smith, Steve] Joint Global Change Res Inst, Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD USA.
[Riahi, Keywan] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria.
[Strefler, Jessica] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Potsdam, Germany.
[van Vuuren, Detlef P.] PBL Netherlands Environm Assessment Agcy, Bilthoven, Netherlands.
[van Vuuren, Detlef P.] Univ Utrecht, Dept Geosci, Copernicus Inst, Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP Rose, SK (reprint author), Elect Power Res Inst, Energy & Environm Anal Res Grp, 2000 L St NW,Suite 805, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
EM srose@epri.com
RI van Vuuren, Detlef/A-4764-2009; Strefler, Jessica/O-7556-2015; Riahi,
Keywan/B-6426-2011
OI van Vuuren, Detlef/0000-0003-0398-2831; Riahi,
Keywan/0000-0001-7193-3498
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 123
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 511
EP 525
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0955-5
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AF0OW
UT WOS:000334414900012
ER
PT J
AU Chaturvedi, V
Shukla, PR
AF Chaturvedi, Vaibhav
Shukla, Priyadarshi R.
TI Role of energy efficiency in climate change mitigation policy for India:
assessment of co-benefits and opportunities within an integrated
assessment modeling framework
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
AB Addressing the challenges of global warming requires interventions on both the energy supply and demand side. With the supply side responses being thoroughly discussed in the literature, our paper focuses on analyzing the role of end use efficiency improvements for Indian climate change mitigation policy and the associated co-benefits, within the integrated assessment modeling framework of Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM). Six scenarios are analyzed here in total- one no climate policy and two climate policy cases, and within each of these one scenario with reference end use energy technology assumptions and another with advance end use energy technology assumptions has been analyzed. The paper has some important insights. Final energy demand and emissions in India are significantly reduced with energy efficiency improvements, and the role of this policy is important especially for the building and transportation sector under both reference and climate policy scenarios. Though energy efficiency policy should be an integral part of climate policy, by itself it is not sufficient for achieving mitigation targets, and a climate policy is necessary for achieving mitigation goals. There are significant co-benefits of energy efficiency improvements. Energy security for India is improved with reduced oil, coal and gas imports. Significant reduction in local pollutant gases is found which is important for local health concerns. Capital investment requirement for Indian electricity generation is reduced, more so for the climate policy scenarios, and finally there are significant savings in terms of reduced abatement cost for meeting climate change mitigation goals.
C1 [Chaturvedi, Vaibhav] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Chaturvedi, Vaibhav] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Shukla, Priyadarshi R.] Indian Inst Management Ahmedabad, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India.
RP Chaturvedi, V (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM vaibhavc@iimahd.ernet.in
FU Global Technology Strategy Program; Integrated Assessment Research
Program in the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy; DOE
[DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX The authors are grateful for research support provided by the Global
Technology Strategy Program. The authors acknowledge long-term support
for GCAM development from the Integrated Assessment Research Program in
the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy. The Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial
Institute under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. The views and opinions
expressed in this paper are those of the authors alone.
NR 44
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 123
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 597
EP 609
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0898-x
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AF0OW
UT WOS:000334414900018
ER
PT J
AU Siegel, A
Smith, K
Felker, K
Romano, P
Forget, B
Beckman, P
AF Siegel, A.
Smith, K.
Felker, K.
Romano, P.
Forget, B.
Beckman, P.
TI Improved cache performance in Monte Carlo transport calculations using
energy banding
SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE OpenMC; Monte Carlo; Energy banding
ID PARTICLE-TRANSPORT; RADIATION; MODEL
AB We present an energy banding algorithm for Monte Carlo (MC) neutral particle transport simulations which depend on large cross section lookup tables. In MC codes, read-only cross section data tables are accessed frequently, exhibit poor locality, and are typically too much large to fit in fast memory. Thus, performance is often limited by long latencies to RAM, or by off-node communication latencies when the data footprint is very large and must be decomposed on a distributed memory machine. The proposed energy banding algorithm allows maximal temporal reuse of data in band sizes that can flexibly accommodate different architectural features. The energy banding algorithm is general and has a number of benefits compared to the traditional approach. In the present analysis we explore its potential to achieve improvements in time-to-solution on modern cache-based architectures. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Siegel, A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Theory & Comp Sci & Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Smith, K.; Romano, P.; Forget, B.] MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Felker, K.; Beckman, P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Felker, K (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 South Cass Ave,Bldg 240,2F8, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM siegela@mcs.anl.gov; kord@mit.edu; kfelker@princeton.edu;
romano7@mit.edu; bforget@mit.edu; beckman@mcs.anl.gov
OI Romano, Paul/0000-0002-1147-045X
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0010-4655
EI 1879-2944
J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN
JI Comput. Phys. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 185
IS 4
BP 1195
EP 1199
DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.10.008
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA AF1NP
UT WOS:000334480900001
ER
PT J
AU Yu, S
Eom, J
Zhou, YY
Evans, M
Clarke, L
AF Yu, Sha
Eom, Jiyong
Zhou, Yuyu
Evans, Meredydd
Clarke, Leon
TI Scenarios of building energy demand for China with a detailed regional
representation
SO ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE China; Building energy use; Integrated assessment; Downscaled analysis;
Climate change
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS; RURAL CHINA; CONSUMPTION; COUNTY;
PROVINCE; SECTOR; AREAS; MODEL
AB Building energy consumption currently accounts for 28% of China's total energy use and is expected to continue to grow induced by floorspace expansion, income growth, and population change. Fuel sources and building services are also evolving over time as well as across regions and building types. To understand sectoral and regional difference in building energy use and how socioeconomic, physical, and technological development influence the evolution of the Chinese building sector, this study developed a building energy use model for China downscaled into four climate regions under an integrated assessment framework. Three building types (rural residential, urban residential, and commercial) were modeled specifically in each climate region. Our study finds that the Cold and Hot Summer Cold Winter regions lead in total building energy use. The impact of climate change on heating energy use is more significant than that of cooling energy use in most climate regions. Both rural and urban households will experience fuel switch from fossil fuel to cleaner fuels. Commercial buildings will experience rapid growth in electrification and energy intensity. Improved understanding of Chinese buildings with climate change highlighted in this study will help policy makers develop targeted policies and prioritize building energy efficiency measures. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yu, Sha; Zhou, Yuyu; Evans, Meredydd; Clarke, Leon] Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Eom, Jiyong] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Business, Grad Sch Green Growth, Seoul 130722, South Korea.
RP Yu, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 5825 Univ Res Court,Suite 3500, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM sha.yu@pnnl.gov
RI Eom, Jiyong/A-1161-2014
FU Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department
of Energy; Global Technology Strategy Program; U.S. Department of Energy
by the Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX The authors are grateful for research support provided by the Office of
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy
and the Global Technology Strategy Program. The authors acknowledge
long-term support for GCAM development from the Integrated Assessment
Research Program in the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of
Energy. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for the
U.S. Department of Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute under
contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. The views and opinions expressed in this
paper are those of the authors alone.
NR 74
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 5
U2 31
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-5442
EI 1873-6785
J9 ENERGY
JI Energy
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 67
BP 284
EP 297
DI 10.1016/j.energy.2013.12.072
PG 14
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels
GA AE7BN
UT WOS:000334151800026
ER
PT J
AU Shrestha, SS
Biswas, K
Desjarlais, AO
AF Shrestha, Som S.
Biswas, Kaushik
Desjarlais, Andre O.
TI A protocol for lifetime energy and environmental impact assessment of
building insulation materials
SO ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Life cycle assessment (LCA); Environmental impact; Building insulation
materials; Energy; Buildings
ID EMBODIED ENERGY; ASSESSMENT TOOLS; CYCLE; PERFORMANCE; EMISSIONS; COST;
NEED
AB This article describes a proposed protocol that is intended to provide a comprehensive list of factors to be considered in evaluating the direct and indirect environmental impacts of building insulation materials, as well as detailed descriptions of standardized calculation methodologies to determine those impacts. The energy and environmental impacts of insulation materials can generally be divided into two categories: (1) direct impact due to the embodied energy of the insulation materials and other factors and (2) indirect or environmental impacts avoided as a result of reduced building energy use due to addition of insulation. Standards and product category rules exist, which provide guidelines about the life cycle assessment (LCA) of materials, including building insulation products. However, critical reviews have suggested that these standards fail to provide complete guidance to LCA studies and suffer from ambiguities regarding the determination of the environmental impacts of building insulation and other products. The focus of the assessment protocol described here is to identify all factors that contribute to the total energy and environmental impacts of different building insulation products and, more importantly, provide standardized determination methods that will allow comparison of different insulation material types. Further, the intent is not to replace current LCA standards but to provide a well-defined, easy-to-use comparison method for insulation materials using existing LCA guidelines. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shrestha, Som S.; Biswas, Kaushik; Desjarlais, Andre O.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Shrestha, SS (reprint author), 1 Bethel Valley Rd,Bldg 3147,POB 2008,MS-6070, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM shresthass@ornl.gov
OI Shrestha, Som/0000-0001-8399-3797; Biswas, Kaushik/0000-0002-4177-6230
NR 40
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0195-9255
EI 1873-6432
J9 ENVIRON IMPACT ASSES
JI Environ. Impact Assess. Rev.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 46
BP 25
EP 31
DI 10.1016/j.eiar.2014.01.002
PG 7
WC Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF6JV
UT WOS:000334822300003
ER
PT J
AU Kim, H
Huo, XM
Shilling, M
Tran, HD
AF Kim, Heeyoung
Huo, Xiaoming
Shilling, Meghan
Tran, Hy D.
TI A Lipschitz Regularity-Based Statistical Model With Applications in
Coordinate Metrology
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Coordinate measuring machine; wavelets; Lipschitz conditions
ID COMPUTATIONAL GEOMETRIC TECHNIQUES; FORM ERROR; MEASURING MACHINES;
ZONE; SURFACES; WAVELETS; FEATURES; PARTS
AB In dimensional inspection using coordinate measuring machines (CMMs), the following issues are critical to achieve accurate inspection while minimizing the cost and time: 1) How can we select the sampling positions of the measurements so that we can get as much information from a limited number of samples as possible and 2) given the limited number of measurements, how can we assess the form error so that one can reliably decide whether the product is acceptable? To address these problems, we propose a wavelet-based model that takes advantage of the fact that the Lipschitz regularity holds for the CMM data. Under the framework of the proposed model, we derive the optimal sampling positions and propose a systematic procedure to estimate the form error given the limited number of sampled points. The proposed method is validated using both synthetic and real CMM data sets for straightness measurements. The comparison with other existing methods demonstrates the effectiveness of our method.
C1 [Kim, Heeyoung] AT&T Labs, Florham Pk, NJ 07932 USA.
[Huo, Xiaoming] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Ind & Syst Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Shilling, Meghan; Tran, Hy D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Kim, H (reprint author), AT&T Labs, Florham Pk, NJ 07932 USA.
EM heeyoung@research.att.com; xiaoming@isye.gatech.edu; kmshill@sandia.gov;
hdtran@sandia.gov
RI Kim, Heeyoung/O-1769-2013
FU National Science Foundation of the United States; Laboratory Directed
Research and Development Programat Sandia National Laboratories; U.S.
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000.]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation of
the United States and by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Programat Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia National
Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory managed and operated by Sandia
Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation,
for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1545-5955
EI 1558-3783
J9 IEEE T AUTOM SCI ENG
JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 11
IS 2
BP 327
EP 337
DI 10.1109/TASE.2013.2255273
PG 11
WC Automation & Control Systems
SC Automation & Control Systems
GA AF5GA
UT WOS:000334740800001
ER
PT J
AU Kim, Y
Lee, J
Oral, S
Dillow, DA
Wang, FY
Shipman, GM
AF Kim, Youngjae
Lee, Junghee
Oral, Sarp
Dillow, David A.
Wang, Feiyi
Shipman, Galen M.
TI Coordinating Garbage Collection for Arrays of Solid-State Drives
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Storage systems; solid-state drives; flash memory; garbage collection;
redundant array of inexpensive disks
ID FLASH; DESIGN
AB Although solid-state drives (SSDs) offer significant performance improvements over hard disk drives (HDDs) for a number of workloads, they can exhibit substantial variance in request latency and throughput as a result of garbage collection (GC). When GC conflicts with an I/O stream, the stream can make no forward progress until the GC cycle completes. GC cycles are scheduled by logic internal to the SSD based on several factors such as the pattern, frequency, and volume of write requests. When SSDs are used in a RAID with currently available technology, the lack of coordination of the SSD-local GC cycles amplifies this performance variance. We propose a global garbage collection (GGC) mechanism to improve response times and reduce performance variability for a RAID of SSDs. We include a high-level design of SSD-aware RAID controller and GGC-capable SSD devices and algorithms to coordinate the GGC cycles. We develop reactive and proactive GC coordination algorithms and evaluate their I/O performance and block erase counts for various workloads. Our simulations show that GC coordination by a reactive scheme improves average response time and reduces performance variability for a wide variety of enterprise workloads. For bursty, write-dominated workloads, response time was improved by 69 percent and performance variability was reduced by 71 percent. We show that a proactive GC coordination algorithm can further improve the I/O response times by up to 9 percent and the performance variability by up to 15 percent. We also observe that it could increase the lifetimes of SSDs with some workloads (e. g., Financial) by reducing the number of block erase counts by up to 79 percent relative to a reactive algorithm for write-dominant enterprise workloads.
C1 [Kim, Youngjae; Oral, Sarp; Dillow, David A.; Wang, Feiyi; Shipman, Galen M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Lee, Junghee] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Kim, Y (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM kimy1@ornl.gov; jlee36@ece.gatech.edu; oralhs@ornl.gov;
dillowda@ornl.gov; fwang2@ornl.gov; gshipman@ornl.gov
FU Office of Science of the Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX The authors would like to specially thank Doug Reitz for his detailed
comments and proof-reading which helped us improve the quality of this
paper. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership
Computing Facility, located in the National Center for Computational
Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which was supported by the
Office of Science of the Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 44
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 0018-9340
EI 1557-9956
J9 IEEE T COMPUT
JI IEEE Trans. Comput.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 63
IS 4
BP 888
EP 901
DI 10.1109/TC.2012.256
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA AD7UN
UT WOS:000333472500008
ER
PT J
AU Jing, Y
Timoshkin, IV
Wilson, MP
Given, MJ
MacGregor, SJ
Wang, T
Lehr, JM
AF Jing, Yi
Timoshkin, Igor V.
Wilson, Mark P.
Given, Martin J.
MacGregor, Scott J.
Wang, Tao
Lehr, Jane M.
TI Dielectric Properties of Natural Ester, Synthetic Ester Midel 7131 and
Mineral Oil Diala D
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DIELECTRICS AND ELECTRICAL INSULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Liquid dielectrics; breakdown; conduction
ID TRANSFORMER OIL; POWER TRANSFORMERS; BREAKDOWN; FIELD; TEMPERATURE;
MECHANISMS; LIQUID; FLUID
AB The insulating liquids used in industrial applications are typically mineral oils. In recent years however, significant attention has been paid to alternative insulating fluids, including synthetic and natural ester liquids. In order to expand their practical applications, it is important to have detailed information on their dielectric properties. In this present paper, the dielectric properties of synthetic ester, Midel 7131; mineral oil, Shell Diala D; and vegetable (rapeseed) oil have been investigated. It has been shown that Midel 7131 has a higher ac breakdown voltage (27.6 kV) as compared with Diala D oil (26.4 kV) and rapeseed oil (24.6 kV). However, the breakdown voltage of the Diala D oil has the smallest standard deviation (7%) amongst the tested liquids (13% for Midel 7131 and 11% for rapeseed oil). Statistical analysis of the breakdown voltages has been conducted and it has been shown that the ac breakdown voltages can be described by a normal distribution. dc I-V characteristics have been measured and the space charge saturation regime has been observed for all three liquids starting from similar to 9 kV for positive energisation and similar to 10 kV for negative energisation in the point-plane topology. Apparent mobilities of the charge carriers in the tested liquids have been obtained using I-1/2-V curves; these mobilities can be used for calculation of the space charge influenced distribution of the electric field in liquid insulators stressed with dc voltage. Such analysis can be important for design and exploitation of HVDC power systems.
C1 [Jing, Yi; Timoshkin, Igor V.; Wilson, Mark P.; Given, Martin J.; MacGregor, Scott J.; Wang, Tao] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland.
[Lehr, Jane M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Jing, Y (reprint author), Univ Strathclyde, Dept Elect & Elect Engn, 204 George St, Glasgow G1 1XW, Lanark, Scotland.
OI Given, Martin/0000-0002-6354-2486; Wilson, Mark/0000-0003-3088-8541
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1070-9878
EI 1558-4135
J9 IEEE T DIELECT EL IN
JI IEEE Trns. Dielectr. Electr. Insul.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
BP 644
EP 652
DI 10.1109/TDEI.2013.003917
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA AF4JU
UT WOS:000334678900028
ER
PT J
AU Afzal, W
Liu, XY
Prausnitz, JM
AF Afzal, Waheed
Liu, Xiangyang
Prausnitz, John M.
TI High Solubilities of Carbon Dioxide in Tetraalkyl Phosphonium-Based
Ionic Liquids and the Effect of Diluents on Viscosity and Solubility
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
LA English
DT Article
ID GASES; CAPTURE; WATER
AB Experimental solubilities are reported for carbon dioxide in four ionic liquids: trihexyl tetradecylphosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate [P(14)666][TMPP], tetrabutylphosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate [P4444][TMPP], trimethyloctylphosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate [P8111] [TMPP], and trihexyl tetradecylphosphonium dicyanamide [P(14)666][DCA] from 298 K to 334 K up to 4 MPa. Tetraalkyl phosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate ionic liquids show solubilities for carbon dioxide higher than those in other ionic liquids. In these phosphonium-based ionic liquids, the anion appears to have a larger influence on carbon-dioxide solubility than the cation. Water or 1-butyl-3-H-imidazolium acetate ([BHMIM][AC]) are used as diluents to reduce the large viscosity of [P(14)666][TMPP]. Viscosities are reported for mixtures of [P(14)666][TMPP] with varying content of water or [BHMIM][AC] from 298 K to 343 K at atmospheric pressure. Solubilities for carbon dioxide are reported in mixtures of [P(14)666][TMPP] with varying content of water or [BHMIM][AC] from 298 K to 323 K up to 4 MPa. These diluents very much reduce the viscosity. The addition of [BHMIM][AC] does not seriously lower the solubility of carbon dioxide.
C1 [Afzal, Waheed; Liu, Xiangyang; Prausnitz, John M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Afzal, Waheed; Prausnitz, John M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Liu, Xiangyang] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, MOE Key Lab Thermofluid Sci & Engn, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Afzal, Waheed] Univ Punjab, Inst Chem Engn & Technol, Lahore 54590, Pakistan.
RP Prausnitz, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM prausnit@cchem.berkeley.edu
OI Afzal, Waheed/0000-0002-2927-0114
FU Environmental Energy Technologies Division of the Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory
FX The authors are grateful to the Environmental Energy Technologies
Division of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for financial
support.
NR 18
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 37
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-9568
J9 J CHEM ENG DATA
JI J. Chem. Eng. Data
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 4
BP 954
EP 960
DI 10.1021/je400655j
PG 7
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering
GA AF2VY
UT WOS:000334571800003
ER
PT J
AU Agarwal, N
Ho, S
Myers, AD
Seo, HJ
Ross, AJ
Bahcall, N
Brinkmann, J
Eisenstein, DJ
Muna, D
Palanque-Delabrouille, N
Paris, I
Petitjean, P
Schneider, DP
Streblyanska, A
Weaver, BA
Yeche, C
AF Agarwal, Nishant
Ho, Shirley
Myers, Adam D.
Seo, Hee-Jong
Ross, Ashley J.
Bahcall, Neta
Brinkmann, Jonathan
Eisenstein, Daniel J.
Muna, Demitri
Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie
Paris, Isabelle
Petitjean, Patrick
Schneider, Donald P.
Streblyanska, Alina
Weaver, Benjamin A.
Yeche, Christophe
TI Characterizing unknown systematics in large scale structure surveys
SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE power spectrum; redshift surveys; cosmological parameters from LSS;
galaxy surveys
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; PRIMORDIAL NON-GAUSSIANITY; WEAK-LENSING SURVEYS;
MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY;
GALAXY POWER SPECTRUM; SDSS-III; DATA RELEASE; BARYON OSCILLATIONS;
REDSHIFT SURVEYS
AB Photometric large scale structure (LSS) surveys probe the largest volumes in the Universe, but are inevitably limited by systematic uncertainties. Imperfect photometric calibration leads to biases in our measurements of the density fields of LSS tracers such as galaxies and quasars, and as a result in cosmological parameter estimation. Earlier studies have proposed using cross-correlations between different redshift slices or cross-correlations between different surveys to reduce the effects of such systematics. In this paper we develop a method to characterize unknown systematics. We demonstrate that while we do not have sufficient information to correct for unknown systematics in the data, we can obtain an estimate of their magnitude. We define a parameter to estimate contamination from unknown systematics using cross-correlations between different redshift slices and propose discarding bins in the angular power spectrum that lie outside a certain contamination tolerance level. We show that this method improves estimates of the bias using simulated data and further apply it to photometric luminous red galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey as a case study.
C1 [Agarwal, Nishant; Ho, Shirley] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Myers, Adam D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Seo, Hee-Jong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, LBL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Seo, Hee-Jong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ross, Ashley J.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England.
[Bahcall, Neta] Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Brinkmann, Jonathan] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
[Eisenstein, Daniel J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Muna, Demitri] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie; Yeche, Christophe] CEA, Ctr Saclay, Irfu SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Paris, Isabelle] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile.
[Petitjean, Patrick] Univ Paris 06, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Petitjean, Patrick] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Streblyanska, Alina] IAC, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain.
[Streblyanska, Alina] ULL, Dept Astrofis, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain.
[Weaver, Benjamin A.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA.
RP Agarwal, N (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM nishanta@andrew.cmu.edu
RI Ho, Shirley/P-3682-2014
OI Ho, Shirley/0000-0002-1068-160X
FU McWilliams fellowship of the Bruce; Astrid McWilliams Center for
Cosmology; New Frontiers in Astronomy and Cosmology program at the John
Templeton Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science
Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
FX It is a pleasure to thank Dragan Huterer and AnZe Slosar for many useful
comments on this paper. We also thank Rachel Mandelbaum, Hiranya Peiris,
Anthony Pullen, and Uros Seljak for helpful discussions. N. A. is
supported by the McWilliams fellowship of the Bruce and Astrid
McWilliams Center for Cosmology. N. A. also acknowledges support by the
New Frontiers in Astronomy and Cosmology program at the John Templeton
Foundation.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P.
Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science
Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The
SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.
NR 74
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1475-7516
J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P
JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
PD APR
PY 2014
IS 4
AR 007
DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2014/04/007
PG 24
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA AF1TK
UT WOS:000334496500007
ER
PT J
AU Blazek, J
Seljak, U
Vlah, Z
Okumura, T
AF Blazek, Jonathan
Seljak, Uros
Vlah, Zvonimir
Okumura, Teppei
TI Geometric and dynamic distortions in anisotropic galaxy clustering
SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxy clustering; power spectrum; redshift surveys; baryon acoustic
oscillations
ID BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; REDSHIFT-SPACE DISTORTIONS; LUMINOUS RED
GALAXIES; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DARK ENERGY;
COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT; POWER SPECTRUM; EXPANSION RATE; DISTANCE
AB We examine the signature of dynamic (redshift-space) distortions and geometric distortions (including the Alcock-Paczynski effect) in the context of the galaxy power spectrum measured in upcoming galaxy redshift surveys. Information comes from both the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) feature and the broad band power spectrum shape. Accurate modeling is required to extract this information without systematically biasing the result. We consider an analytic model for the power spectrum of dark matter halos in redshift space, based on the distribution function expansion, and compare with halo clustering measured in N-body simulations. We forecast that the distribution function model is sufficiently accurate to allow the inclusion of broad band information on scales down to k similar to 0.2h Mpc(-1), with somewhat better accuracy for higher bias halos. Compared with a BAO-only analysis with reconstruction, including broadband shape information can improve unbiased constraints on distance measures H(z) and DA(z) by similar to 30% and 20%, respectively, for a galaxy sample similar to the DESI luminous red galaxies. The gains in precision are larger in the absence of BAO reconstruction. Furthermore, including broadband shape information allows the measurement of structure growth, through redshift-space distortions. For the same galaxy sample, the distribution function model is able to constrain f sigma(8) to similar to 2%, when simultaneously fitting for H(z) and D-A(Z). We discuss techniques to optimize the analysis of the power spectrum, including removing modes near the line-of-sight that are particularly challenging to model, and whether these approaches can improve parameter constraints. We find that such techniques are unlikely to significantly improve constraints on geometry, although they may allow higher precision measurements of redshift-space distortions.
C1 [Blazek, Jonathan; Seljak, Uros] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys & Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Blazek, Jonathan; Seljak, Uros] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Blazek, Jonathan] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & AstroParticle Phy, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Seljak, Uros; Vlah, Zvonimir] Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Seljak, Uros; Okumura, Teppei] Ewha Womans Univ, Inst Early Universe, Seoul 120750, South Korea.
RP Blazek, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys & Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM blazek@berkeley.edu; useljak@berkeley.edu; zvlah@physik.uzh.ch;
teppei.okumura@ipmu.jp
FU DOE; Swiss National Foundation [200021-116696/1]; WCU grant [R32-10130];
Ewha University research fund [1-2008-2935-001-2]
FX We thank Beth Reid, Hee-Jong Seo, Florian Beutler, Chris Hirata, and
David Weinberg for useful discussions. We also thank an anonymous
referee for helpful suggestions. J.B. appreciates the hospitality of the
Institute for Theoretical Physics at the University of Zurich, where
part of this work was done. This work is supported by the DOE, the Swiss
National Foundation under contract 200021-116696/1, WCU grant R32-10130,
and Ewha University research fund 1-2008-2935-001-2.
NR 67
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1475-7516
J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P
JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
PD APR
PY 2014
IS 4
AR 001
DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2014/04/001
PG 34
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA AF1TK
UT WOS:000334496500001
ER
PT J
AU Das, S
Louis, T
Nolta, MR
Addison, GE
Battistelli, ES
Bond, JR
Calabrese, E
Crichton, D
Devlin, MJ
Dicker, S
Dunkley, J
Dunner, R
Fowler, JW
Gralla, M
Hajian, A
Halpern, M
Hasselfield, M
Hilton, M
Hincks, AD
Hlozek, R
Huffenberger, KM
Hughes, JP
Irwin, KD
Kosowsky, A
Lupton, RH
Marriage, TA
Marsden, D
Menanteau, F
Moodley, K
Niemack, MD
Page, LA
Partridge, B
Reese, ED
Schmitt, BL
Sehgal, N
Sherwin, BD
Sievers, JL
Spergel, DN
Staggs, ST
Swetz, DS
Switzer, ER
Thornton, R
Trac, H
Wollack, E
AF Das, Sudeep
Louis, Thibaut
Nolta, Michael R.
Addison, Graeme E.
Battistelli, Elia S.
Bond, J. Richard
Calabrese, Erminia
Crichton, Devin
Devlin, Mark J.
Dicker, Simon
Dunkley, Joanna
Duenner, Rolando
Fowler, Joseph W.
Gralla, Megan
Hajian, Amir
Halpern, Mark
Hasselfield, Matthew
Hilton, Matt
Hincks, Adam D.
Hlozek, Renee
Huffenberger, Kevin M.
Hughes, John P.
Irwin, Kent D.
Kosowsky, Arthur
Lupton, Robert H.
Marriage, Tobias A.
Marsden, Danica
Menanteau, Felipe
Moodley, Kavilan
Niemack, Michael D.
Page, Lyman A.
Partridge, Bruce
Reese, Erik D.
Schmitt, Benjamin L.
Sehgal, Neelima
Sherwin, Blake D.
Sievers, Jonathan L.
Spergel, David N.
Staggs, Suzanne T.
Swetz, Daniel S.
Switzer, Eric R.
Thornton, Robert
Trac, Hy
Wollack, Ed
TI The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: temperature and gravitational lensing
power spectrum measurements from three seasons of data
SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE CMBR experiments; gravitational lensing; Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect; CMBR
theory
ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; DAMPING TAIL;
148 GHZ; MAPS; CONSTRAINTS; PARAMETERS; SCALE; FIELD; QUAD
AB We present the temperature power spectra. of the cosmic microwave background (CMD) derived from the three seasons of data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) at 148 Ealiz and 218 GHz as well as the (Toss-frequency spectrum between the two channels. We detect and correct. for contamination due to the Galactic cirrus in our equatorial maps. We present the results of a number of tests for possible systematic error and conclude that any effects are not significant compared to the statistical errors we quote. Where they overlap we cross-correlate the ACT and the South Pole Telescope (APT) maps and show they are consistent. The measurements of higher-order peaks in the CMB power spectrum provide an additional test of the ACDM cosmological model, and help constrain extensions beyond the standard model. The small angular scale power sped rum also provides constraining power on the Sunyaev-Zel'clovich effects and extragalactic foregrounds. We also present a measurement of the CMB gravitational lensing convergence power spectrum at 4.6 sigma detection significance.
C1 [Das, Sudeep] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Das, Sudeep] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, LBL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Das, Sudeep] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Louis, Thibaut; Addison, Graeme E.; Calabrese, Erminia; Dunkley, Joanna] Univ Oxford, Sub Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Nolta, Michael R.; Bond, J. Richard; Hajian, Amir; Hincks, Adam D.; Sievers, Jonathan L.; Switzer, Eric R.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Addison, Graeme E.; Battistelli, Elia S.; Halpern, Mark; Hasselfield, Matthew] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Battistelli, Elia S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Crichton, Devin; Gralla, Megan; Marriage, Tobias A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Devlin, Mark J.; Dicker, Simon; Marsden, Danica; Reese, Erik D.; Schmitt, Benjamin L.; Thornton, Robert] Univ Penn, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Duenner, Rolando] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile.
[Fowler, Joseph W.; Niemack, Michael D.; Swetz, Daniel S.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Fowler, Joseph W.; Niemack, Michael D.; Page, Lyman A.; Sherwin, Blake D.; Sievers, Jonathan L.; Staggs, Suzanne T.] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Hasselfield, Matthew; Hlozek, Renee; Marriage, Tobias A.; Spergel, David N.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Hilton, Matt] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Ctr Astron & Particle Theory, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Hilton, Matt; Moodley, Kavilan] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa.
[Huffenberger, Kevin M.] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Hughes, John P.; Menanteau, Felipe] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Kosowsky, Arthur] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Marsden, Danica] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Niemack, Michael D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Partridge, Bruce] Haverford Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA.
[Sehgal, Neelima] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Thornton, Robert] West Chester Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Phys, W Chester, PA 19383 USA.
[Trac, Hy] Carnegie Mellon Univ, McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Wollack, Ed] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Das, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
EM sudeepphys@gmail.com
RI Trac, Hy/N-8838-2014; Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012;
OI Trac, Hy/0000-0001-6778-3861; Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451;
Huffenberger, Kevin/0000-0001-7109-0099; Menanteau,
Felipe/0000-0002-1372-2534; Sievers, Jonathan/0000-0001-6903-5074
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0408698, AST-0965625]; ACT project
[PHY-0855887, PHY-1214379]; Princeton University; University of
Pennsylvania; Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) award; Comision
Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT);
CFI; Compute Canada; Government of Ontario; Ontario Research Fund -
Research Excellence; University of Toronto; David Schramm Fellowship at
Argonne National Laboratory; Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics
fellowship; FONDECYT grant; BASAL grant
FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation through
awards AST-0408698 and AST-0965625 for the ACT project, as well as
awards PHY-0855887 and PHY-1214379. Funding was also provided by
Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and a Canada
Foundation for Innovation (CFI) award to ITBC. ACT operates in the
Parque Astronomico Atacama in northern Chile under the auspices of the
Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile
(CONICYT). Computations were performed on the GPC supercomputer at the
SciNet HPC Consortium. SciNet is funded by the CFI under the auspices of
Compute Canada, the Government of Ontario, the Ontario Research Fund -
Research Excellence; and the University of Toronto. SD acknowledges
support from the David Schramm Fellowship at Argonne National Laboratory
and the Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics fellowship. RD
acknowledges support from FONDECYT and BASAL grants.
NR 47
TC 111
Z9 111
U1 0
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1475-7516
J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P
JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
PD APR
PY 2014
IS 4
AR 014
DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2014/04/014
PG 36
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA AF1TK
UT WOS:000334496500014
ER
PT J
AU Doll, CG
Sorensen, CM
Bowyer, TW
Friese, JI
Hayes, JC
Hoffmann, E
Kephart, R
AF Doll, Charles G.
Sorensen, Christina M.
Bowyer, Theodore W.
Friese, Judah I.
Hayes, James C.
Hoffmann, Emmy
Kephart, Rosara
TI Abatement of xenon and iodine emissions from medical isotope production
facilities
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
LA English
DT Review
DE Medical isotope production; Iodine; Xenon-133; Noble gas; Molybdenum-99;
Abatement
ID ACTIVATED CARBON; CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION; RADIOXENON RELEASES; CHEMICAL
ACTIVATION; NUCLEAR-EXPLOSIONS; ORGANIC IODIDES; ADSORPTION; REMOVAL;
XE-133; CHEMISTRY
AB The capability of the International Monitoring System (IMS) to detect xenon from underground nuclear explosions is dependent on the radioactive xenon background. Adding to the background, medical isotope production (MIP) by fission releases several important xenon isotopes including xenon-133 and iodine-133 that decays to xenon-133. The amount of xenon released from these facilities may be equivalent to or exceed that released from an underground nuclear explosion. Thus the release of gaseous fission products within days of irradiation makes it difficult to distinguish MIP emissions from a nuclear explosion. In addition, recent shortages in molybdenum-99 have created interest and investment opportunities to design and build new MIP facilities in the United States and throughout the world. Due to the potential increase in the number of MIP facilities, a discussion of abatement technologies provides insight into how the problem of emission control from MIP facilities can be tackled. A review of practices is provided to delineate methods useful for abatement of medical isotopes. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Doll, Charles G.; Sorensen, Christina M.; Bowyer, Theodore W.; Friese, Judah I.; Hayes, James C.; Kephart, Rosara] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Hoffmann, Emmy] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia.
RP Doll, CG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM charles.doll@pnnl.gov
NR 89
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0265-931X
EI 1879-1700
J9 J ENVIRON RADIOACTIV
JI J. Environ. Radioact.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 130
BP 33
EP 43
DI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.12.006
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AF1OY
UT WOS:000334484400005
PM 24418952
ER
PT J
AU Sevanto, S
AF Sevanto, Sanna
TI Phloem transport and drought
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
LA English
DT Review
DE Carbohydrate transport; carbon starvation; hydraulic failure; Mnch flow;
semi-permeable conduit; tree mortality
ID INDUCED TREE MORTALITY; PRESSURE-FLOW HYPOTHESIS; LONG-DISTANCE
TRANSPORT; STOMATAL CLOSURE; VEGETATION MORTALITY; CARBON LIMITATION;
WATER RELATIONS; SINK REGULATION; XYLEM EMBOLISM; GAS-EXCHANGE
AB Close hydraulic connection between the xylem and the phloem challenges phloem transport during drought. Current theories suggest that the cause of phloem transport failure during drought depends on the hydraulic permeability of phloem conduit walls.Drought challenges plant water uptake and the vascular system. In the xylem it causes embolism that impairs water transport from the soil to the leaves and, if uncontrolled, may even lead to plant mortality via hydraulic failure. What happens in the phloem, however, is less clear because measuring phloem transport is still a significant challenge to plant science. In all vascular plants, phloem and xylem tissues are located next to each other, and there is clear evidence that these tissues exchange water. Therefore, drought should also lead to water shortage in the phloem. In this review, theories used in phloem transport models have been applied to drought conditions, with the goal of shedding light on how phloem transport failure might occur. The review revealed that phloem failure could occur either because of viscosity build-up at the source sites or by a failure to maintain phloem water status and cell turgor. Which one of these dominates depends on the hydraulic permeability of phloem conduit walls. Impermeable walls will lead to viscosity build-up affecting flow rates, while permeable walls make the plant more susceptible to phloem turgor failure. Current empirical evidence suggests that phloem failure resulting from phloem turgor collapse is the more likely mechanism at least in relatively isohydric plants.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Sevanto, S (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Bikini Atoll Rd MS J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM sanna@lanl.gov
FU LANL-LDRD grant
FX The author wants to thank Dr Matthew Thompson for informative and
interesting discussions on the topic as well as Drs Nate McDowell and
Chonggang Xu for comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by
a LANL-LDRD grant.
NR 73
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 7
U2 101
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0022-0957
EI 1460-2431
J9 J EXP BOT
JI J. Exp. Bot.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
IS 7
SI SI
BP 1751
EP 1759
DI 10.1093/jxb/ert467
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AF7TL
UT WOS:000334917600007
PM 24431155
ER
PT J
AU Madrid, PJ
Sulsky, D
Lebensohn, RA
AF Madrid, Pedro J.
Sulsky, Deborah
Lebensohn, Ricardo A.
TI Uncertainty Quantification in Prediction of the In-Plane Young's Modulus
of Thin Films With Fiber Texture
SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Crystallographic texture; experimental uncertainties; fiber texture;
Hill average; in-plane Young's modulus; MEMS; Reuss; Voigt
ID NONLINEAR COMPOSITES
AB Electrodeposited thin films in MEMS devices often show fiber texture resulting in transverse isotropic, effective elastic properties. It is of interest to predict these elastic properties since they play a role in device performance. In addition to predicting effective material properties of the devices, we quantify the uncertainty in our predictions of these material properties for use in downstream simulations aimed at studies of performance, lifetime, or reliability. In this paper, we estimate the numerical value of the effective in-plane Young's modulus of thin nickel polycrystalline films using numerical simulation. We also examine the variability and sensitivity of the in-plane Young's modulus due to uncertainties in microstructure geometry, crystallographic texture, and numerical values of single-crystal elastic constants. The importance of accurate characterization of the texture is shown, as is the sensitivity of the effective in-plane Young's modulus to single-crystal elastic moduli. [2013-0118]
C1 [Madrid, Pedro J.; Sulsky, Deborah] Univ New Mexico, Dept Math & Stat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Lebensohn, Ricardo A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Madrid, PJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Math & Stat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM pjmadrid@math.unm.edu; sulsky@math.unm.edu; lebenso@lanl.gov
RI Lebensohn, Ricardo/A-2494-2008
OI Lebensohn, Ricardo/0000-0002-3152-9105
FU NNSA Center for the Prediction of Reliability, Integrity, and
Survivability of Microsystems; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-FC52-08NA28617]
FX This work was supported in part by the NNSA Center for the Prediction of
Reliability, Integrity, and Survivability of Microsystems and in part by
the U.S. Department of Energy under Award DE-FC52-08NA28617. Subject
Editor S. M. Spearing.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1057-7157
EI 1941-0158
J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S
JI J. Microelectromech. Syst.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 2
BP 380
EP 390
DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2013.2279500
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments &
Instrumentation; Physics
GA AF2EU
UT WOS:000334526200015
ER
PT J
AU Montagnat, M
Castelnau, O
Bons, PD
Faria, SH
Gagliardini, O
Gillet-Chaulet, F
Grennerat, F
Griera, A
Lebensohn, RA
Moulinec, H
Roessiger, J
Suquet, P
AF Montagnat, M.
Castelnau, O.
Bons, P. D.
Faria, S. H.
Gagliardini, O.
Gillet-Chaulet, F.
Grennerat, F.
Griera, A.
Lebensohn, R. A.
Moulinec, H.
Roessiger, J.
Suquet, P.
TI Multiscale modeling of ice deformation behavior
SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Ice mechanical behavior; Multiscale modeling; Viscoplastic anisotropy;
Fabric development
ID LARGE POLYCRYSTALLINE MASSES; SELF-CONSISTENT APPROACH; EFFECTIVE
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SIMULATING GRAIN-GROWTH; FAST FOURIER-TRANSFORMS;
ANISOTROPIC FLOW LAW; POLAR ICE; FIELD FLUCTUATIONS; VISCOPLASTIC
POLYCRYSTALS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS
AB Understanding the flow of ice in glaciers and polar ice sheets is of increasing relevance in a time of potentially significant climate change. The flow of ice has hitherto received relatively little attention from the structural geological community. This paper aims to provide an overview of methods and results of ice deformation modeling from the single crystal to the polycrystal scale, and beyond to the scale of polar ice sheets. All through these scales, various models have been developed to understand, describe and predict the processes that operate during deformation of ice, with the aim to correctly represent ice rheology and self-induced anisotropy. Most of the modeling tools presented in this paper originate from the material science community, and are currently used and further developed for other materials and environments. We will show that this community has deeply integrated ice as a very useful "model" material to develop and validate approaches in conditions of a highly anisotropic behavior. This review, by no means exhaustive, aims at providing an overview of methods at different scales and levels of complexity. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Montagnat, M.; Gagliardini, O.; Gillet-Chaulet, F.; Grennerat, F.] UJF Grenoble I, CNRS, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France.
[Castelnau, O.] Arts & Metiers ParisTech, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France.
[Bons, P. D.; Roessiger, J.] Univ Tubingen, Dept Geosci, D-72074 Tubingen, Germany.
[Faria, S. H.] Basque Ctr Climate Change BC3, Bilbao 48008, Spain.
[Faria, S. H.] Basque Fdn Sci, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao 48011, Spain.
[Griera, A.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Geol, Bellaterra 08193, Cerdanyola Del, Spain.
[Lebensohn, R. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Moulinec, H.; Suquet, P.] CNRS, Lab Mecan & Acoust, UPR 7051, F-13402 Marseille 20, France.
[Gagliardini, O.] Inst Univ France, Paris, France.
RP Montagnat, M (reprint author), UJF Grenoble I, CNRS, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France.
EM montagnat@lgge.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr
RI Faria, Sergio/K-9454-2013; Lebensohn, Ricardo/A-2494-2008; Griera,
Albert/G-8443-2013; Bons, Paul/F-2942-2011;
OI Faria, Sergio/0000-0002-8825-7518; Lebensohn,
Ricardo/0000-0002-3152-9105; Griera, Albert/0000-0003-4598-8385; Bons,
Paul/0000-0002-6469-3526; Castelnau, Olivier/0000-0001-7422-294X
FU French "Agence Nationale de la Recherche" [ANR-08-BLAN-0138]; INSIS;
INSU of CNRS; UJF - Grenoble 1, France; German Research Foundation (DFG)
[BO-1776/7]
FX Financial support by the French "Agence Nationale de la Recherche" is
acknowledged (project ELVIS, #ANR-08-BLAN-0138). Together with support
from institutes INSIS and INSU of CNRS, and UJF - Grenoble 1, France.
PDB and JR gratefully acknowledge funding by the German Research
Foundation (DFG, project BO-1776/7). The authors gratefully aknowledge
the ESF Research Networking Programme Micro-Dynamics of Ice (MicroDIce).
NR 230
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 40
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0191-8141
J9 J STRUCT GEOL
JI J. Struct. Geol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 61
SI SI
BP 78
EP 108
DI 10.1016/j.jsg.2013.05.002
PG 31
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AF1OC
UT WOS:000334482200005
ER
PT J
AU Alexander, CMO
Cody, GD
Kebukawa, Y
Bowden, R
Fogel, ML
Kilcoyne, ALD
Nittler, LR
Herd, CDK
AF Alexander, C. M. O'D.
Cody, G. D.
Kebukawa, Y.
Bowden, R.
Fogel, M. L.
Kilcoyne, A. L. D.
Nittler, L. R.
Herd, C. D. K.
TI Elemental, isotopic, and structural changes in Tagish Lake insoluble
organic matter produced by parent body processes
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLES; MOLECULAR-CLOUD MATERIAL;
CARBONACEOUS-CHONDRITE; CM CHONDRITES; PRIMITIVE METEORITES; AQUEOUS
ALTERATION; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; MURCHISON METEORITE; HYDROUS
PYROLYSIS; COMET 81P/WILD-2
AB Here, we present the results of a multitechnique study of the bulk properties of insoluble organic material (IOM) from the Tagish Lake meteorite, including four lithologies that have undergone different degrees of aqueous alteration. The IOM C contents of all four lithologies are very uniform and comprise about half the bulk C and N contents of the lithologies. However, the bulk IOM elemental and isotopic compositions vary significantly. In particular, there is a correlated decrease in bulk IOM H/C ratios and delta D values with increasing degree of alteration-the IOM in the least altered lithology is intermediate between CM and CR IOM, while that in the more altered lithologies resembles the very aromatic IOM in mildly metamorphosed CV and CO chondrites, and heated CMs. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, C X-ray absorption near-edge (XANES), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirm and quantitate this transformation from CR-like, relatively aliphatic IOM functional group chemistry to a highly aromatic one. The transformation is almost certainly thermally driven, and probably occurred under hydrothermal conditions. The lack of a paramagnetic shift in C-13 NMR spectra and 1s-sigma* exciton in the C-XANES spectra, both typically seen in metamorphosed chondrites, shows that the temperatures were lower and/or the timescales were shorter than experienced by even the least metamorphosed type 3 chondrites. Two endmember models were considered to quantitatively account for the changes in IOM functional group chemistry, but the one in which the transformations involved quantitative conversion of aliphatic material to aromatic material was the more successful. It seems likely that similar processes were involved in producing the diversity of IOM compositions and functional group chemistries among CR, CM, and CI chondrites. If correct, CRs experienced the lowest temperatures, while CM and CI chondrites experienced similar more elevated temperatures. This ordering is inconsistent with alteration temperatures based on mineralogy and O isotopes.
C1 [Alexander, C. M. O'D.; Nittler, L. R.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
[Cody, G. D.; Kebukawa, Y.; Bowden, R.; Fogel, M. L.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
[Kilcoyne, A. L. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Herd, C. D. K.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.
RP Alexander, CMO (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, 5241 Broad Branch Rd, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
EM alexande@dtm.ciw.edu
RI Alexander, Conel/N-7533-2013; Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013; Kebukawa,
Yoko/A-7315-2010
OI Alexander, Conel/0000-0002-8558-1427; Kebukawa, Yoko/0000-0001-8430-3612
FU Carnegie Institution of Canada; NASA [NNA09DA81A, NNX11AG67G]; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [261740-08]; JSPS
FX We thank Scott Sandford and Corentin Le Guillou for thoughtful and
thorough reviews that greatly improved this manuscript. This study was
partially funded by Carnegie Institution of Canada and NASA Astrobiology
(NNA09DA81A) grants (CA, RB, GC, MF, LN), by NASA grant NNX11AG67G (CA),
and by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada grant
261740-08 (CDKH). YK gratefully acknowledges support through the JSPS
Postdoctoral Fellowship program. The Advanced Light Source is a DOE
facility.
NR 77
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1086-9379
EI 1945-5100
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 49
IS 4
BP 503
EP 525
DI 10.1111/maps.12282
PG 23
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AF4KG
UT WOS:000334680200002
ER
PT J
AU MacGuire, AE
Ching, MC
Diamond, BH
Kazakov, A
Novichkov, P
Godoy, VG
AF MacGuire, Ashley E.
Ching, Meining Carly
Diamond, Brett H.
Kazakov, Alexey
Novichkov, Pavel
Godoy, Veronica G.
TI Activation of phenotypic subpopulations in response to ciprofloxacin
treatment in Acinetobacter baumannii
SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DNA-DAMAGE; GENE AMPLIFICATION; SOS RESPONSE; INDUCED
MUTAGENESIS; LEXA PROTEIN; COPY NUMBER; STRAIN ADP1; RESISTANCE;
SURVIVAL
AB The multidrug-resistant, opportunistic pathogen, Acinetobacter baumannii, has spread swiftly through hospitals worldwide. Previously, we demonstrated that A.baumannii regulates the expression of various genes in response to DNA damage. Some of these regulated genes, especially those encoding the multiple error-prone DNA polymerases, can be implicated in induced mutagenesis, leading to antibiotic resistance. Here, we further explore the DNA damage-inducible system at the single cell level using chromosomal transcriptional reporters for selected DNA damage response genes. We found the genes examined respond in a bimodal fashion to ciprofloxacin treatment, forming two phenotypic subpopulations: induced and uninduced. This bimodal response to ciprofloxacin treatment in A.baumannii is unique and quite different than the Escherichia coli paradigm. The subpopulations are not genetically different, with each subpopulation returning to a starting state and differentiating with repeated treatment. We then identified a palindromic motif upstream of certain DNA damage response genes, and have shown alterations to this sequence to diminish the bimodal induction in response to DNA damaging treatment. Lastly, we are able to show a biological advantage for a bimodal response, finding that one subpopulation survives ciprofloxacin treatment better than the other.
C1 [MacGuire, Ashley E.; Ching, Meining Carly; Diamond, Brett H.; Godoy, Veronica G.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Kazakov, Alexey; Novichkov, Pavel] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Godoy, VG (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
EM v.godoycarter@neu.edu
FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of
the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0004999]; [1RO1GM088230-01A1]
FX This work was supported by the grant 1RO1GM088230-01A1 and its
supplement from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Institute of
General Medicine to V. G. Godoy, and by the Office of Science, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, of the U.S. Department of Energy
under contract DE-SC0004999 to A. Kazakov and P. Novichkov. The funders
had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0950-382X
EI 1365-2958
J9 MOL MICROBIOL
JI Mol. Microbiol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 92
IS 1
BP 138
EP 152
DI 10.1111/mmi.12541
PG 15
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA AE9MG
UT WOS:000334331300009
PM 24612352
ER
PT J
AU Zeng, ZY
Liang, WI
Liao, HG
Xin, HLL
Chu, YH
Zheng, HM
AF Zeng, Zhiyuan
Liang, Wen-I
Liao, Hong-Gang
Xin, Huolin L.
Chu, Yin-Hao
Zheng, Haimei
TI Visualization of Electrode-Electrolyte Interfaces in LiPF6/EC/DEC
Electrolyte for Lithium Ion Batteries via in Situ TEM
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Liquid cell TEM; electrochemical liquid cell; lithium ion batteries;
lithium dendrite; solid-electrolyte interface
ID ELECTROCHEMICAL LITHIATION; CARBONATE SOLUTIONS; LEAD DENDRITES;
MICROSCOPY; LIQUID; GROWTH; LI; NANOSCALE; ANODE; CELL
AB We report direct visualization of electrochemical lithiation and delithiation of Au anodes in a commercial LiPF6/EC/DEC electrolyte for lithium ion batteries using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The inhomogeneous lithiation, lithium metal dendritic growth, electrolyte decomposition, and solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) formation are observed in situ. These results shed lights on strategies of improving electrode design for reducing short-circuit failure and improving the performance of lithium ion batteries.
C1 [Zeng, Zhiyuan; Liang, Wen-I; Liao, Hong-Gang; Xin, Huolin L.; Zheng, Haimei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Liang, Wen-I; Chu, Yin-Hao] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
[Zheng, Haimei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zheng, HM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM hmzheng@lbl.gov
RI Ying-Hao, Chu/A-4204-2008; zeng, zhiyuan/G-7571-2015; Liao,
hong-gang/M-2476-2015; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014; Xin,
Huolin/E-2747-2010
OI Ying-Hao, Chu/0000-0002-3435-9084; zeng, zhiyuan/0000-0001-7483-1438;
Xin, Huolin/0000-0002-6521-868X
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science
Council in Taiwan [NSC102-2911-I-009-502]; DOE Office of Science Early
Career Research Program
FX We thank Dr. Steve Harris for useful discussions. The experiments were
conducted using both MSD TEM facility and a TEAM0.5 microscope at
National Center for Electron Microscopy (NCEM) of the Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory (LBNL), which is supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. W.L. is supported by
National Science Council in Taiwan under contract no.
NSC102-2911-I-009-502. H.Z. thanks the support of DOE Office of Science
Early Career Research Program. We thank Direct Electron, LP (San Diego,
CA) for providing the high speed direct electron camera model DE-12 for
movie capture.
NR 33
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 34
U2 274
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1745
EP 1750
DI 10.1021/nl403922u
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AF2WE
UT WOS:000334572400009
PM 24443941
ER
PT J
AU Tafen, DN
Long, R
Prezhdo, OV
AF Tafen, De Nyago
Long, Run
Prezhdo, Oleg V.
TI Dimensionality of Nanoscale TiO2 Determines the Mechanism of
Photoinduced Electron Injection from a CdSe Nanoparticle
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nonadiabatic molecular dynamics; time-domain density functional theory;
semiconductor quantum dots; electron-vibrational interaction; adiabatic
electron transfer
ID DOMAIN AB-INITIO; NANOTUBE-ARRAY PHOTOELECTRODES; OBLIQUE ANGLE
CODEPOSITION; SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; QUANTUM
DOTS; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; WATER; PBSE
AB Assumptions about electron transfer (ET) mechanisms guide design of catalytic, photovoltaic, and electronic systems. We demonstrate that the mechanism of ET from a CdSe quantum dot (QD) into nanoscale TiO2 depends on TiO2 dimensionality. The injection into a TiO2 QD is adiabatic due to strong donor-acceptor coupling, arising from unsaturated chemical bonds on the QD surface, and low density of acceptor states. In contrast, the injection into a TiO2 nanobelt (NB) is nonadiabatic, because the state density is high, the donor-acceptor coupling is weak, and multiple phonons accommodate changes in the electronic energy. The CdSe adsorbant breaks symmetry of delocalized TiO2 NB states, relaxing coupling selection rules, and generating more ET channels. Both mechanisms can give efficient ultrafast injection. However, the dependence on system properties is very different for the two mechanisms, demonstrating that the fundamental principles leading to efficient charge separation depend strongly on the type of nanoscale material.
C1 [Tafen, De Nyago] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
[Tafen, De Nyago] URS Corp, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
[Long, Run] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Complex & Adapt Syst Lab, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Prezhdo, Oleg V.] Univ Rochester, Dept Chem, New York, NY 14620 USA.
RP Tafen, DN (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
EM denyago.tafen@contr.netl.doe.gov; oleg.prezhdo@rochester.edu
OI Tafen, De Nyago/0000-0002-4360-9508
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-FE0004000]; Office of Science
of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Science Foundation
Ireland (SFI) SIRG Program [11/SIRG/E2172]; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-SC0006527]; Department of Energy, National Energy Technology
Laboratory, an agency of the United States Government; URS Energy and
Construction, Inc.
FX The technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy
Technology Laboratory's ongoing research under the RES Contract
DE-FE0004000. Part of this research used resources of the National
Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the
Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. D.N.T. would like to thank C. Matranga for fruitful
discussions. R.L. is grateful to the Science Foundation Ireland (SFI)
SIRG Program (Grant 11/SIRG/E2172). O.V.P. acknowledges financial
support of the U.S. Department of Energy, Grant DE-SC0006527. This
project was funded by the Department of Energy, National Energy
Technology Laboratory, an agency of the United States Government,
through a support contract with URS Energy and Construction, Inc.
Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of
their employees, nor URS Energy & Construction, Inc., nor any of their
employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any
legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or
usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed,
or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service
by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not
necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or
favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The
views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state
or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
NR 70
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 9
U2 63
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1790
EP 1796
DI 10.1021/nl404352a
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AF2WE
UT WOS:000334572400016
ER
PT J
AU Sheng, X
He, DQ
Yang, J
Zhu, K
Feng, XJ
AF Sheng, Xia
He, Dongqing
Yang, Jie
Zhu, Kai
Feng, Xinjian
TI Oriented Assembled TiO2 Hierarchical Nanowire Arrays with Fast Electron
Transport Properties
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Three dimensional; nanowire; semiconductor; charge transport; solar
cells
ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; DYE; RECOMBINATION;
PERFORMANCE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; GROWTH; OXIDE
AB Developing high surface area nanostructured electrodes with rapid charge transport is essential for artificial photosynthesis, solar cells, photocatalysis, and energy storage devices. Substantial research efforts have been recently focused on building one-dimensional (1D) nanoblocks with fast charge transport into three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical architectures. However, except for the enlargement in surface area, there is little experimental evidence of fast electron transport in these 3D nanostructure-based solar cells. In this communication, we report single-crystal-like 3D TiO2 branched nanowire arrays consisting of 1D branch epitaxially grown from the primary trunk. These 3D branched nanoarrays not only demonstrate 71% enlargement in large surface area (compared with 1D nanowire arrays) but also exhibit fast charge transport property (comparable to that in 1D single crystal nanoarrays), leading to 52% improvement in solar conversion efficiency. The orientated 3D assembly strategy reported here can be extended to assemble other metal oxides with one or multiple components and thus represents a critical avenue toward high-performance optoelectronics.
C1 [Sheng, Xia; He, Dongqing; Yang, Jie; Feng, Xinjian] Chinese Acad Sci, Suzhou Inst Nanotech & Nanobion, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Zhu, Kai] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Feng, XJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Suzhou Inst Nanotech & Nanobion, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM Kai.Zhu@nrel.gov; xjfeng2011@sinano.ac.cn
FU Chinese Thousand Talents Program [YZBQF11001]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [21371178]; Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy
Laboratory
FX This work was financially supported by grants of Chinese Thousand
Talents Program (YZBQF11001) and the National Natural Science Foundation
of China (21371178). K.Z. acknowledges the support by the Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract No.
DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
NR 31
TC 51
Z9 52
U1 26
U2 245
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1848
EP 1852
DI 10.1021/nl4046262
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AF2WE
UT WOS:000334572400025
PM 24628675
ER
PT J
AU Ishikawa, R
Lupini, AR
Findlay, SD
Taniguchi, T
Pennycook, SJ
AF Ishikawa, Ryo
Lupini, Andrew R.
Findlay, Scott D.
Taniguchi, Takashi
Pennycook, Stephen J.
TI Three-Dimensional Location of a Single Dopant with Atomic Precision by
Aberration-Corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Three-dimensional imaging; photoluminescence; single dopant;
atomic-resolution ADF STEM
ID DOPED TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; STEM; RESOLUTION;
FERROMAGNETISM; TOMOGRAPHY; DIFFRACTION; CRYSTALS
AB Materials properties, such as optical and electronic response, can be greatly enhanced by isolated single dopants. Determining the full three-dimensional single-dopant defect structure and spatial distribution is therefore critical to understanding and adequately tuning functional properties. Combining quantitative Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy images with image simulations, we show the direct determination of the atomic-scale depth location of an optically active, single atom Ce dopant embedded within wurtzite-type AlN. The method represents a powerful new tool for reconstructing three-dimensional information from a single, two-dimensional image.
C1 [Ishikawa, Ryo; Lupini, Andrew R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Findlay, Scott D.] Monash Univ, Sch Phys, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
[Taniguchi, Takashi] Natl Inst Mat Sci, Adv Key Technol Div, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan.
[Pennycook, Stephen J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Ishikawa, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM ishikawa@sigma.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp
RI Ishikawa, Ryo/M-4206-2014; TANIGUCHI, Takashi/H-2718-2011;
OI Ishikawa, Ryo/0000-0001-5801-0971; Findlay, Scott/0000-0003-4862-4827
FU JSPS [25106006]; U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences,
Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; Australian Research Council
[DP110101570]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX R.I. acknowledges support from JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research
Abroad and Professor N. Shibata, Professor Y. Ikuhara (University of
Tokyo) and Professor F. Oba (Kyoto University) for helpful discussions.
A.R.L. acknowledges support by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic
Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. S.D.F.
acknowledges support under the Discovery Projects funding scheme of the
Australian Research Council (Project No. DP110101570). T.T. acknowledges
support by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas
"Nano Informatics" (Grant 25106006) from JSPS. We partly used resources
of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is
supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 33
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 63
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1903
EP 1908
DI 10.1021/nl500564b
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AF2WE
UT WOS:000334572400034
PM 24646109
ER
PT J
AU Limmer, SJ
Yelton, WG
Erickson, KJ
Medlin, DL
Siegal, MP
AF Limmer, Steven J.
Yelton, W. Graham
Erickson, Kristopher J.
Medlin, Douglas L.
Siegal, Michael P.
TI Recrystallized Arrays of Bismuth Nanowires with Trigonal Orientation
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bismuth; nanowire; thermoelectric; crystallinity; solidification
ID BI NANOWIRE; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; LARGE-AREA; CRYSTALLINE; FABRICATION;
OXIDE; DIAMETERS; WIRES
AB We demonstrate methods to improve the crystalline-quality of free-standing Bi nanowires arrays on a Si substrate and enhance the preferred trigonal orientation for thermoelectric performance by annealing the arrays above the 271.4 degrees C Bi melting point. The nanowires maintain their geometry during melting due to the formation of a thin Bioxide protective shell that contains the molten Bi. Recrystallizing nanowires from the melt improves crystallinity; those cooled rapidly demonstrate a strong trigonal orientation preference.
C1 [Limmer, Steven J.; Yelton, W. Graham; Siegal, Michael P.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Erickson, Kristopher J.; Medlin, Douglas L.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Limmer, SJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM sjlimme@sandia.gov
OI Limmer, Steven/0000-0001-6588-372X
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX The authors thank Don Overmyer for assistance preparing the nanowire
samples and Josh Sugar for assistance in use of the in situ TEM heating
holder. Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory
managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of
Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 45
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 5
U2 35
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1927
EP 1931
DI 10.1021/nl404752p
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AF2WE
UT WOS:000334572400038
PM 24548238
ER
PT J
AU Wittenberg, JS
Miller, TA
Szilagyi, E
Lutker, K
Quirin, F
Lu, W
Lemke, H
Zhu, DL
Chollet, M
Robinson, J
Wen, HD
Sokolowski-Tinten, K
Alivisatos, AP
Lindenberg, AM
AF Wittenberg, Joshua S.
Miller, Timothy A.
Szilagyi, Erzsi
Lutker, Katie
Quirin, Florian
Lu, Wei
Lemke, Henrik
Zhu, Diling
Chollet, Matthieu
Robinson, Joseph
Wen, Haidan
Sokolowski-Tinten, Klaus
Alivisatos, A. Paul
Lindenberg, Aaron M.
TI Real-Time Visualization of Nanocrystal Solid-Solid Transformation
Pathways
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Structural phase transition; martensitic; shock; time-resolved; X-ray
ID STRUCTURAL-TRANSFORMATION; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; SHOCK COMPRESSION;
CDSE NANOCRYSTALS; TRANSITION; DYNAMICS; WURTZITE; SIZE; METASTABILITY;
DIFFRACTION
AB Measurement and understanding of the microscopic pathways materials follow as they transform is crucial for the design and synthesis of new metastable phases of matter. Here we employ femtosecond single-shot X-ray diffraction techniques to measure the pathways underlying solid solid phase transitions in cadmium sulfide nanorods, a model system for a general class of martensitic transformations. Using picosecond rise-time laser-generated shocks to trigger the transformation, we directly observe the transition state dynamics associated with the wurtzite-to-rocicsalt structural phase transformation in cadmium sulfide with atomic-scale resolution. A stress-dependent transition path is observed. At high peak stresses, the majority of the sample is converted directly into the rocksalt phase with no evidence of an intermediate prior to rocksalt formation. At lower peak stresses, a transient five-coordinated intermediate structure is observed consistent with previous first principles modeling.
C1 [Wittenberg, Joshua S.; Lindenberg, Aaron M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Wittenberg, Joshua S.; Miller, Timothy A.; Lindenberg, Aaron M.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Szilagyi, Erzsi] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Lutker, Katie; Alivisatos, A. Paul] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Quirin, Florian; Lu, Wei; Sokolowski-Tinten, Klaus] Univ Duisburg Essen, Fac Phys, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany.
[Quirin, Florian; Lu, Wei; Sokolowski-Tinten, Klaus] Univ Duisburg Essen, Ctr Nanointegrat Duisburg Essen CENIDE, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany.
[Lemke, Henrik; Zhu, Diling; Chollet, Matthieu; Robinson, Joseph] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Wen, Haidan] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Lindenberg, Aaron M.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford PULSE Inst, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Lindenberg, AM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM aaronl@stanford.edu
RI Miller, Timothy/C-9128-2011; Sokolowski-Tinten, Klaus/A-5415-2015;
Alivisatos , Paul /N-8863-2015; Lemke, Henrik Till/N-7419-2016
OI Miller, Timothy/0000-0002-5585-7736; Alivisatos , Paul
/0000-0001-6895-9048; Lemke, Henrik Till/0000-0003-1577-8643
FU Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and
Engineering Division; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; German Research Council through the Collaborative
Research Center [SFB 616]; Physical Chemistry of Inorganic
Nanostructures Program [KC3105]; Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, of the United States Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Basic Energy
Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. Portions of this
research were carried out at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at
the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. LCLS is an Office of Science
User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of
Science by Stanford University. H.W. acknowledges support from U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contrast No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. F.Q, and K.S.T. gratefully acknowledge financial
support by the German Research Council through the Collaborative
Research Center SFB 616 "Energy Dissipation at Surfaces". K.M.L. and
A.P.A. are supported by the Physical Chemistry of Inorganic
Nanostructures Program, KC3105, Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the United States Department of Energy under
contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 34
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 67
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1995
EP 1999
DI 10.1021/nl500043c
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AF2WE
UT WOS:000334572400048
PM 24588125
ER
PT J
AU Radha, B
Senesi, AJ
O'Brien, MN
Wang, MX
Auyeung, E
Lee, B
Mirkin, CA
AF Radha, Boya
Senesi, Andrew J.
O'Brien, Matthew N.
Wang, Mary X.
Auyeung, Evelyn
Lee, Byeongdu
Mirkin, Chad A.
TI Reconstitutable Nanoparticle Superlattices
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA; nanoparticle; superlattice; rehydration; X-ray scattering; assembly
ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; PROGRAMMABLE ATOM EQUIVALENTS; GRAZING-INCIDENCE;
CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; DNA FILMS; CRYSTALLIZATION; NANOSTRUCTURES;
NANOCRYSTALS; ASSEMBLIES; TRANSITION
AB Colloidal self-assembly predominantly results in lattices that are either: (1) fixed in the solid state and not amenable to additional modification, or (2) in solution, capable of dynamic adjustment, but difficult to transition to other environments. Accordingly, approaches to both dynamically adjust the interparticle spacing of nanoparticle superlattices and reversibly transfer superlattices between solution-phase and solid state environments are limited. In this manuscript, we report the reversible contraction and expansion of nanoparticles within immobilized monolayers, surface-assembled superlattices, and free-standing single crystal superlattices through dehydration and subsequent rehydration. Interestingly, DNA contraction upon dehydration occurs in a highly uniform manner, which allows access to spacings as small as 4.6 nm and as much as a 63% contraction in the volume of the lattice. This enables one to deliberately control interparticle spacings over a 4-46 nm range and to preserve solution-phase lattice symmetry in the solid state. This approach could be of use in the study of distance-dependent properties of nanoparticle superlattices and for long-term superlattice preservation.
C1 [Radha, Boya; O'Brien, Matthew N.; Mirkin, Chad A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Radha, Boya; O'Brien, Matthew N.; Wang, Mary X.; Auyeung, Evelyn; Mirkin, Chad A.] Northwestern Univ, Int Inst Nanotechnol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Radha, Boya; Auyeung, Evelyn; Mirkin, Chad A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Wang, Mary X.; Mirkin, Chad A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Senesi, Andrew J.; Lee, Byeongdu] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Lee, B (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM blee@anl.gov; chadnano@northwestern.edu
RI Mirkin, Chad/E-3911-2010; O'Brien, Matthew/G-9998-2016;
OI O'Brien, Matthew/0000-0002-1721-0464; Lee, Byeongdu/0000-0003-2514-8805
FU AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0294, FA9550-11-1-0275, FA9550-12-1-0280]; National
Science Foundation's MRSEC program at the Materials Research Center of
Northwestern University [DMR-1121262]; Nonequilibrium Energy Research
Center (NERC), an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-SC0000989]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357];
MRSEC program at the Materials Research Center of the National Science
Foundation [NSF DMR-1121262]; Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center
of the National Science Foundation [EEC-0118025/003]; State of Illinois;
Northwestern University; Indo-US postdoctoral fellowship; NSF
FX This material is based upon work supported by the AFOSR under Award Nos.
FA9550-09-1-0294, FA9550-11-1-0275, and FA9550-12-1-0280. This work was
supported by the National Science Foundation's MRSEC program
(DMR-1121262) at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern
University. This material is based upon work supported as part of the
Nonequilibrium Energy Research Center (NERC), an Energy Frontier
Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number
DE-SC0000989. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science
User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of
Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE
under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Use of the Center for Nanoscale
Materials was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work made use of the EPIC facility (NUANCE
Center-Northwestern University), which has received support from the
MRSEC program (NSF DMR-1121262) at the Materials Research Center, and
the Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (EEC-0118025/003), both
programs of the National Science Foundation; the State of Illinois; and
Northwestern University. B.R. acknowledges support through an Indo-US
postdoctoral fellowship. M.N.O. gratefully acknowledges support through
a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. M.X.W. acknowledges support through
an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship and a Northwestern University Ryan
Fellowship.
NR 41
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 4
U2 99
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 4
BP 2162
EP 2167
DI 10.1021/nl500473t
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AF2WE
UT WOS:000334572400074
PM 24641553
ER
PT J
AU Boley, N
Stoiber, MH
Booth, BW
Wan, KH
Hoskins, RA
Bickel, PJ
Celniker, SE
Brown, JB
AF Boley, Nathan
Stoiber, Marcus H.
Booth, Benjamin W.
Wan, Kenneth H.
Hoskins, Roger A.
Bickel, Peter J.
Celniker, Susan E.
Brown, James B.
TI Genome-guided transcript assembly by integrative analysis of RNA
sequence data
SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEQ DATA; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; DROSOPHILA; QUANTIFICATION;
NORMALIZATION; LOCALIZATION; PROMOTER; REVEALS; BINDING
AB The identification of full length transcripts entirely from short-read RNA sequencing data (RNA-seq) remains a challenge in the annotation of genomes. Here we describe an automated pipeline for genome annotation that integrates RNA-seq and gene-boundary data sets, which we call Generalized RNA Integration Tool, or GRIT. Applying GRIT to Drosophila melanogaster short-read RNA-seq, cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) and poly(A)-site-seq data collected for the modENCODE project, we recovered the vast majority of previously annotated transcripts and doubled the total number of transcripts cataloged. We found that 20% of protein coding genes encode multiple protein-localization signals and that, in 20-d-old adult fly heads, genes with multiple polyadenylation sites are more common than genes with alternative splicing or alternative promoters. GRIT demonstrates 30% higher precision and recall than the most widely used transcript assembly tools. GRIT will facilitate the automated generation of high-quality genome annotations without the need for extensive manual annotation.
C1 [Boley, Nathan; Stoiber, Marcus H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Biostat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Booth, Benjamin W.; Wan, Kenneth H.; Hoskins, Roger A.; Celniker, Susan E.; Brown, James B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Dept Genome Dynam, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bickel, Peter J.; Celniker, Susan E.; Brown, James B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Boley, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Biostat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM celniker@fruitfly.org
RI Brown, James/H-2971-2015
FU National Human Genome Research Institute modENCODE Project [R21
HG006187, K99 HG006698, U01 HG004271, DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank the members of the modENCODE transcription consortium for
generating the data and C. Cotterman, E. Frise, B. Graveley, H. Huang
and J. Li for discussions and S. Kadri for producing the Scripture
annotation. This work was funded by a contract from the National Human
Genome Research Institute modENCODE Project, contracts R21 HG006187 to
P. J. B.; K99 HG006698 to J.B.B.; and U01 HG004271 to S.E.C. under
Department of Energy contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 41
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 16
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1087-0156
EI 1546-1696
J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Biotechnol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 32
IS 4
BP 341
EP U198
DI 10.1038/nbt.2850
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA AE9PT
UT WOS:000334340800018
PM 24633242
ER
PT J
AU Qiao, ZA
Chai, SH
Nelson, K
Bi, ZG
Chen, JH
Mahurin, SM
Zhu, X
Dai, S
AF Qiao, Zhen-An
Chai, Song-Hai
Nelson, Kimberly
Bi, Zhonghe
Chen, Jihua
Mahurin, Shannon M.
Zhu, Xiang
Dai, Sheng
TI Polymeric molecular sieve membranes via in situ cross-linking of
non-porous polymer membrane templates
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROPOROUS ORGANIC POLYMERS; GRAPHENE OXIDE MEMBRANES; INTRINSIC
MICROPOROSITY; GAS SEPARATION; HOLLOW NANOCRYSTALS; HYDROGEN STORAGE;
CO2 SEPARATION; FRAMEWORKS; TRANSPORT; PERMEABILITY
AB High-performance polymeric membranes for gas separation are attractive for molecular-level separations in industrial-scale chemical, energyand environmental processes. Molecular sieving materials are widely regarded as the next-generation membranes to simultaneously achieve high permeability and selectivity. However, most polymeric molecular sieve membranes are based on a few solution-processable polymers such as polymers of intrinsic microporosity. Here we report an in situ cross-linking strategy for the preparation of polymeric molecular sieve membranes with hierarchical and tailorable porosity. These membranes demonstrate exceptional performance as molecular sieves with high gas permeabilities and selectivities for smaller gas molecules, such as carbon dioxide and oxygen, over larger molecules such as nitrogen. Hence, these membranes have potential for large-scale gas separations of commercial and environmental relevance. Moreover, this strategy could provide a possible alternative to 'classical' methods for the preparation of porous membranes and, in some cases, the only viable synthetic route towards certain membranes.
C1 [Qiao, Zhen-An; Chai, Song-Hai; Bi, Zhonghe; Chen, Jihua; Mahurin, Shannon M.; Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Nelson, Kimberly; Zhu, Xiang; Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Chen, Jihua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Qiao, ZA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM qiaozhenan@gmail.com; dais@ornl.gov
RI Chen, Jihua/F-1417-2011; Chai, Song-Hai/A-9299-2012; Zhu,
Xiang/P-6867-2014; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015;
OI Chen, Jihua/0000-0001-6879-5936; Chai, Song-Hai/0000-0002-4152-2513;
Zhu, Xiang/0000-0002-3973-4998; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931; Qiao,
Zhen-An/0000-0001-6064-9360
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences,
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division; Oak Ridge
National Laboratory; Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy
FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and
Biosciences Division. A portion of this research was conducted at the
Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge
National Laboratory by the Division of Scientific User Facilities,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy.
NR 42
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 31
U2 282
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 5
AR 3705
DI 10.1038/ncomms4705
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AG2CI
UT WOS:000335222700003
PM 24739439
ER
PT J
AU Vogt, K
Fradin, FY
Pearson, JE
Sebastian, T
Bader, SD
Hillebrands, B
Hoffmann, A
Schultheiss, H
AF Vogt, K.
Fradin, F. Y.
Pearson, J. E.
Sebastian, T.
Bader, S. D.
Hillebrands, B.
Hoffmann, A.
Schultheiss, H.
TI Realization of a spin-wave multiplexer
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPINTRONICS; MAGNONICS
AB Recent developments in the field of spin dynamics-like the interaction of charge and heat currents with magnons, the quasi-particles of spin waves-opens the perspective for novel information processing concepts and potential applications purely based on magnons without the need of charge transport. The challenges related to the realization of advanced concepts are the spin-wave transport in two-dimensional structures and the transfer of existing demonstrators to the micro-or even nanoscale. Here we present the experimental realization of a microstructured spin-wave multiplexer as a fundamental building block of a magnon-based logic. Our concept relies on the generation of local Oersted fields to control the magnetization configuration as well as the spin-wave dispersion relation to steer the spin-wave propagation in a Y-shaped structure. Thus, the present work illustrates unique features of magnonic transport as well as their possible utilization for potential technical applications.
C1 [Vogt, K.; Sebastian, T.; Hillebrands, B.] Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Phys, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Vogt, K.; Sebastian, T.; Hillebrands, B.] Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Vogt, K.] Grad Sch Excellence MAt Sci IN mainZ, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Fradin, F. Y.; Pearson, J. E.; Bader, S. D.; Hoffmann, A.; Schultheiss, H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Sebastian, T.; Schultheiss, H.] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Inst Ionenstrahlphys & Mat Forsch, D-01328 Dresden, Germany.
[Bader, S. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Schultheiss, H (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM h.schultheiss@hzdr.de
RI Hoffmann, Axel/A-8152-2009; Hillebrands, Burkard/C-6242-2008;
Schultheiss, Helmut/I-2221-2013;
OI Hoffmann, Axel/0000-0002-1808-2767; Hillebrands,
Burkard/0000-0001-8910-0355; Schultheiss, Helmut/0000-0002-6727-5098;
Sebastian, Thomas/0000-0002-3384-7393
FU Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; DOE, Office of Science, BES
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Financial support by the Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung is gratefully acknowledged.
The work at Argonne was support by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. Lithographic
patterning was carried out at the Center for Nanoscale Materials, which
is supported by DOE, Office of Science, BES (#DE-AC02-06CH11357).
NR 27
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 5
U2 50
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 5
AR 3727
DI 10.1038/ncomms4727
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AG2CN
UT WOS:000335223300001
PM 24759754
ER
PT J
AU Yi, M
Zhang, Y
Liu, ZK
Ding, X
Chu, JH
Kemper, AF
Plonka, N
Moritz, B
Hashimoto, M
Mo, SK
Hussain, Z
Devereaux, TP
Fisher, IR
Wen, HH
Shen, ZX
Lu, DH
AF Yi, M.
Zhang, Y.
Liu, Z. -K.
Ding, X.
Chu, J. -H.
Kemper, A. F.
Plonka, N.
Moritz, B.
Hashimoto, M.
Mo, S. -K.
Hussain, Z.
Devereaux, T. P.
Fisher, I. R.
Wen, H. H.
Shen, Z. -X.
Lu, D. H.
TI Dynamic competition between spin-density wave order and
superconductivity in underdoped Ba1-xKxFe2As2
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON; TRANSITION; ANISOTROPY
AB An intriguing aspect of unconventional superconductivity is that it always appears in the vicinity of other competing phases, whose suppression brings the full emergence of superconductivity. In the iron pnictides, these competing phases are marked by a tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural transition and a collinear spin-density wave (SDW) transition. There has been macroscopic evidence for competition between these phases and superconductivity as the magnitude of both the orthorhombicity and magnetic moment are suppressed in the superconducting state. Here, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on detwinned underdoped Ba1-xKxFe2As2, we observe a coexistence of both the SDW gap and superconducting gap in the same electronic structure. Furthermore, our data reveal that following the onset of superconductivity, the SDW gap decreases in magnitude and shifts in a direction consistent with a reduction of the orbital anisotropy. This observation provides direct spectroscopic evidence for the dynamic competition between superconductivity and both SDW and electronic nematic orders in these materials.
C1 [Yi, M.; Zhang, Y.; Liu, Z. -K.; Plonka, N.; Moritz, B.; Devereaux, T. P.; Fisher, I. R.; Shen, Z. -X.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Inst Mat & Energy Sci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Yi, M.; Zhang, Y.; Liu, Z. -K.; Plonka, N.; Moritz, B.; Devereaux, T. P.; Fisher, I. R.; Shen, Z. -X.] Stanford Univ, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Yi, M.; Liu, Z. -K.; Plonka, N.; Fisher, I. R.; Shen, Z. -X.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Yi, M.; Liu, Z. -K.; Plonka, N.; Fisher, I. R.; Shen, Z. -X.] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Zhang, Y.; Mo, S. -K.; Hussain, Z.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ding, X.; Wen, H. H.] Nanjing Univ, Ctr Superconducting Phys & Mat, Natl Lab Solid State Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Ding, X.; Wen, H. H.] Nanjing Univ, Natl Ctr Microstruct & Quantum Manipulat, Dept Phys, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Chu, J. -H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kemper, A. F.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Res Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Moritz, B.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
[Hashimoto, M.; Lu, D. H.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Lu, DH (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM zxshen@stanford.edu; dhlu@slac.stanford.edu
RI Moritz, Brian/D-7505-2015; Mo, Sung-Kwan/F-3489-2013; Kemper,
Alexander/F-8243-2016; Ding, Xiaxin/O-9256-2016
OI Moritz, Brian/0000-0002-3747-8484; Mo, Sung-Kwan/0000-0003-0711-8514;
Kemper, Alexander/0000-0002-5426-5181;
FU US DOE, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Science
and Engineering [DE-AC02-76SF00515]
FX ARPES experiments were performed at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation
Lightsource and the Advanced Light Source, which are both operated by
the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The
Stanford work is supported by the US DOE, Office of Basic Energy
Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, under Award #
DE-AC02-76SF00515.
NR 34
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 41
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 5
AR 3711
DI 10.1038/ncomms4711
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AG2CL
UT WOS:000335223100002
PM 24762657
ER
PT J
AU Gentry, C
Maldonado, I
Godfrey, A
Terrani, K
Gehin, J
Powers, J
AF Gentry, Cole
Maldonado, Ivan
Godfrey, Andrew
Terrani, Kurt
Gehin, Jess
Powers, Jeffrey
TI A NEUTRONIC INVESTIGATION OF THE USE OF FULLY CERAMIC MICROENCAPSULATED
FUEL FOR Pu/Np BURNING IN PWRs
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE TRISO; FCM; plutonium burning
ID PLUTONIUM; REACTOR; WATER
AB An investigation of the utilization of TRistructural-ISOtropic (TRISO)-coated fuel particles for the burning of plutonium/neptunium (Pu/Np) isotopes in typical Westinghouse four-loop pressurized water reactors is presented. Though numerous studies have evaluated the burning of transuranic isotopes in light water reactors (LWRs), this work differentiates itself by employing Pu/Np-loaded TRISO particles embedded within a silicon carbide (SiC) matrix and formed into pellets, constituting the fully ceramic microencapsulated (FCM) fuel concept that can be loaded into standard LWR fuel element cladding. This approach provides the capability of Pu/Np burning and, by virtue of the multibarrier TRISO particle design and SiC matrix properties, will allow for greater burnup of Pu/Np material, plus improved fuel reliability and thermal performance. In this study, a variety of heterogeneous assembly layouts, which utilize a mix of FCM rods and typical UO2 rods, and core loading patterns were analyzed to demonstrate the neutronic feasibility of Pu/Np-loaded TRISO fuel. The assembly and core designs herein reported are not fully optimized and require fine-tuning to flatten power peaks; however, the progress achieved thus far strongly supports the conclusion that with further rod/assembly/core loading and placement optimization, Pu/Np-loaded TRISO fuel and core designs that are capable of balancing Pu/Np production and destruction can be designed within the standard constraints for thermal and reactivity performance in pressurized water reactors.
C1 [Gentry, Cole; Maldonado, Ivan] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Godfrey, Andrew; Terrani, Kurt; Gehin, Jess; Powers, Jeffrey] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Gentry, C (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Pasqua Engn Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM cgentry7@utk.edu
OI Gehin, Jess/0000-0001-8337-9551; Powers, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3653-3880
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Office of Nuclear
Energy at the DOE under the Fuel Cycle Research and Development program
FX This manuscript has been authored under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with
the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This work has been supported in
part by the Office of Nuclear Energy at the DOE under the Fuel Cycle
Research and Development program.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
EI 1943-7471
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 186
IS 1
BP 60
EP 75
PG 16
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AF8PI
UT WOS:000334977700005
ER
PT J
AU Casella, AM
Loyalka, SK
Hanson, BD
AF Casella, Andrew M.
Loyalka, Sudarshan K.
Hanson, Brady D.
TI MODELING OF PARTICULATE BEHAVIOR IN PINHOLE BREACHES
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE pinhole; dry storage of used nuclear fuel; particulate release
ID CONVECTION HEAT-TRANSFER; SPENT-FUEL ASSEMBLIES; ULTRAFINE CAPILLARIES;
AEROSOL PENETRATION; NUCLEAR-FUEL; FLOW; MICROCHANNELS; PARTICLES;
GASES; LEAKS
AB A model is presented for calculating depressurization time for and particulate release from used nuclear fuel do; storage containers that have developed a pinhole breach. Particular attention is given to particulate deposition and transmission within the breach pathway. The model is modular in nature and is developed in a way that allows for more advanced treatments of internal temperature, internal component geometry, or aerosol flow to be readily incorporated. The model can be treated as a basis for addressing concerns associated with monitoring and verification efforts during long-term dry cask storage.
C1 [Casella, Andrew M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Nucl Syst Design Engn & Anal Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Loyalka, Sudarshan K.] Univ Missouri, Nucl Sci & Engn Inst, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Loyalka, Sudarshan K.] Univ Missouri, Particulate Syst Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Hanson, Brady D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Nucl Chem & Engn Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Casella, AM (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Nucl Syst Design Engn & Anal Grp, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM andrew.casella@pnnl.gov
OI Casella, Andrew/0000-0002-4053-6593
FU DOE Office of Nuclear Energy, Science, and Technology
FX This research was performed while A. M. Casella was under appointment to
the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Nuclear Engineering and Health
Physics Fellowship Program sponsored by the DOE Office of Nuclear
Energy, Science, and Technology.
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
EI 1943-7471
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 186
IS 1
BP 99
EP 114
PG 16
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AF8PI
UT WOS:000334977700008
ER
PT J
AU Pimentel, H
Parra, M
Gee, S
Ghanem, D
An, XL
Li, J
Mohandas, N
Pachter, L
Conboy, JG
AF Pimentel, Harold
Parra, Marilyn
Gee, Sherry
Ghanem, Dana
An, Xiuli
Li, Jie
Mohandas, Narla
Pachter, Lior
Conboy, John G.
TI A dynamic alternative splicing program regulates gene expression during
terminal erythropoiesis
SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID ACTIN-BINDING DOMAIN; ERYTHROID-DIFFERENTIATION; PROTEIN 4.1; DISORDERED
ERYTHROPOIESIS; MYOTONIC-DYSTROPHY; TERNARY COMPLEX; RNA-SEQ; IN-VIVO;
MUTATIONS; SPECTRIN
AB Alternative pre-messenger RNA splicing remodels the human transcriptome in a spatiotemporal manner during normal development and differentiation. Here we explored the landscape of transcript diversity in the erythroid lineage by RNA-seq analysis of five highly purified populations of morphologically distinct human erythroblasts, representing the last four cell divisions before enucleation. In this unique differentiation system, we found evidence of an extensive and dynamic alternative splicing program encompassing genes with many diverse functions. Alternative splicing was particularly enriched in genes controlling cell cycle, organelle organization, chromatin function and RNA processing. Many alternative exons exhibited differentiation-associated switches in splicing efficiency, mostly in late-stage polychromatophilic and orthochromatophilic erythroblasts, in concert with extensive cellular remodeling that precedes enucleation. A subset of alternative splicing switches introduces premature translation termination codons into selected transcripts in a differentiation stage-specific manner, supporting the hypothesis that alternative splicing-coupled nonsense-mediated decay contributes to regulation of erythroid-expressed genes as a novel part of the overall differentiation program. We conclude that a highly dynamic alternative splicing program in terminally differentiating erythroblasts plays a major role in regulating gene expression to ensure synthesis of appropriate proteome at each stage as the cells remodel in preparation for production of mature red cells.
C1 [Pimentel, Harold; Pachter, Lior] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Parra, Marilyn; Gee, Sherry; Ghanem, Dana; Conboy, John G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[An, Xiuli; Li, Jie; Mohandas, Narla] New York Blood Ctr, Red Cell Physiol Lab, New York, NY 10065 USA.
[Pachter, Lior] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Math, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Pachter, Lior] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Conboy, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM JGConboy@lbl.gov
FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [DK094699, DK032094]; Office of
Science, and Office of Biological & Environmental Research of the US
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH1123]
FX The National Institutes of Health (NIH) [DK094699 and DK032094].
Director, Office of Science, and Office of Biological & Environmental
Research of the US Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH1123. Funding for open access charge: NIH [DK094699].
NR 62
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 13
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1048
EI 1362-4962
J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES
JI Nucleic Acids Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 6
BP 4031
EP 4042
DI 10.1093/nar/gkt1388
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AF5MW
UT WOS:000334758600053
PM 24442673
ER
PT J
AU Kim, SJ
Brandizzi, F
AF Kim, Sang-Jin
Brandizzi, Federica
TI The Plant Secretory Pathway: An Essential Factory for Building the Plant
Cell Wall
SO PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Endocytosis; Exocyst complex; Microtubule-associated cellulose synthase
complex (MASC); Pectin; Secretion; trans-Golgi network (TGN)
ID CELLULOSE SYNTHASE; GOLGI-APPARATUS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE;
SUSPENSION-CULTURE; ARABIDOPSIS; COMPLEX; EXOCYST; MICROTUBULES;
TRAFFICKING; PECTIN
AB For building and maintaining the complex structure of the surrounding wall throughout their life, plant cells rely on the endomembrane system, which functions as the main provider and transporter of cell wall constituents. Efforts to understand the mechanisms of synthesis and transport of cell wall materials have been generating valuable information for diverse practical applications. Nonetheless, the identity of the endomembrane components necessary for the transport of cell wall enzymes and polysaccharides is not well known. Evidence indicates that plant cells can accomplish secretion of cell wall constituents through multiple pathways during development or under stress conditions and, that compared with other eukaryotes, they rely on a highly diversified toolkit of proteins for membrane traffic. This suggests that production of the cell wall in plants consists of intricate and highly regulated pathways. In this review, we summarize important discoveries that have allowed the activities of the plant secretory pathway to be linked to the production and deposition of cell wall-synthesizing enzymes and polysaccharides.
C1 [Kim, Sang-Jin; Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Brandizzi, Federica] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Brandizzi, F (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM fb@msu.edu
FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center [DOE Office of Science BER]
[DE-FC02-07ER64494]
FX This work was supported by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and
Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of
Science, US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-91ER20021] for infrastructure;
the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center [DOE Office of Science BER
DE-FC02-07ER64494].
NR 51
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 4
U2 64
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0032-0781
EI 1471-9053
J9 PLANT CELL PHYSIOL
JI Plant Cell Physiol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 55
IS 4
SI SI
BP 687
EP 693
DI 10.1093/pcp/pct197
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology
GA AF4KA
UT WOS:000334679500003
PM 24401957
ER
PT J
AU Duque, ALH
Perry, WL
Anderson-Cook, CM
AF Duque, Amanda L. Higginbotham
Perry, William Lee
Anderson-Cook, Christine M.
TI Complex Microwave Permittivity of Secondary High Explosives
SO PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Microwaves; Dielectric properties; High explosives
ID DIELECTRIC MEASUREMENTS; CAVITY
AB We aim to understand how microwaves interact with high explosives by studying the complex permittivity from 1-18GHz of HMX, RDX, TNT, TATB, PETN, Octol, Comp B, 95% RDX/5% Viton A (PBX-RDX), PBX 9404, PBXN-5, PBXN-7, PBXW-14, PBX 9501, and PBX 9502. The combination of a resonant cavity perturbation technique for determining the room-temperature complex dielectric constant at discrete frequencies and a wide band open circuit method (1-18GHz) provides an accurate, broadband measurement that describes the dielectric properties in the frequency range of interest. While the values of the real and imaginary permittivity components did not vary significantly as a function of frequency, we found the real part of the permittivity to be highly dependent on relatively small changes in the material density. We used dielectric mixing theory, specifically the linear-law approximation, to compare the predicted values based on the dielectric properties of individual components with those of the resulting formulation measured experimentally for a select number of samples; the prediction agrees well within the observed variability of the experimentally measured values.
C1 [Duque, Amanda L. Higginbotham; Perry, William Lee; Anderson-Cook, Christine M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Duque, ALH (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM aduque@lanl.gov
OI Duque, Amanda/0000-0002-2023-1389; Perry, William/0000-0003-1993-122X
FU DOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; Joint DoD/DOE
Munitions Program; Joint Insensitive Munitions Technology Program
FX This work was funded by the DOE Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Program, the Joint DoD/DOE Munitions Program, and the Joint
Insensitive Munitions Technology Program. The authors would like to
thank Michael D. Janezic (NIST Boulder) for helpful discussions and
experimental advice, and Dan Lanterman (NSWC-IHD) for providing samples.
We would also like to acknowledge Alan M. Novak (LANL) for illustration
and machining assistance, and David M. Oschwald for technical help.
LA-UR-13-21819
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 21
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0721-3115
EI 1521-4087
J9 PROPELL EXPLOS PYROT
JI Propellants Explos. Pyrotech.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 39
IS 2
BP 275
EP 283
DI 10.1002/prep.201300032
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA AF3LE
UT WOS:000334613000018
ER
PT J
AU Gecys, P
Markauskas, E
Gedvilas, M
Raciukaitis, G
Repins, I
Beall, C
AF Gecys, Paulius
Markauskas, Edgaras
Gedvilas, Mindaugas
Raciukaitis, Gediminas
Repins, Ingrid
Beall, Carolyn
TI Ultrashort pulsed laser induced material lift-off processing of CZTSe
thin-film solar cells
SO SOLAR ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Kesterite; CZTSe; Lift-off; Thin-film; Spallation; Picosecond laser
ID FABRICATION; TRANSITION; PICOSECOND; EFFICIENCY; ABLATION
AB The thin-film Cu-chalcopyrite-based solar cell technologies are becoming more attractive due to their lower cost and optimal performance. High efficiency of small cells might be maintained with the transition to larger areas if small segments are interconnected in series in order to reduce photocurrent in thin films and resistance losses. Interconnect formation is based on three step scribing processes and use of laser is thus crucial for performance of the device.
For the first time we demonstrate the possibility to scribe the CZTSe thin-film solar cell structures with picosecond lasers. Investigations on the material lift-off effect in the CZTSe thin film were performed and the method was approved for the damage-free front-side scribing processes. Single pulse ablation and scribing experiments in the thin-film solar cell structures together with theoretical modeling of laser energy coupling in the complex CZTSe structure are presented. We found that the absorber layer removal process was triggered by a micro-explosive effect induced by high pressure of sublimated material due to temperature increase in molybdenum-CZTSe interface. This facilitated to minimize the remaining thermal effects since the laser-affected material was removed by thermo-mechanical process. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gecys, Paulius; Markauskas, Edgaras; Gedvilas, Mindaugas; Raciukaitis, Gediminas] Ctr Phys Sci & Technol, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania.
[Repins, Ingrid; Beall, Carolyn] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Gecys, P (reprint author), Ctr Phys Sci & Technol, Savanoriu Ave 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania.
EM p.gecys@ar.fi.lt; edgaras.markauskas@ff.stud.vu.lt; mgedvilas@ar.fi.lt;
graciukaitis@ar.fi.lt; Ingrid.Repins@nrel.gov; Carolyn.Beall@nrel.gov
OI Gedvilas, Mindaugas/0000-0001-9793-8537
FU National Program "An improvement of the skills of researchers"
[VP1-3.1-SMM-08-K-01-009]
FX The work was carried out within the project VP1-3.1-SMM-08-K-01-009 that
is partly supported by the National Program "An improvement of the
skills of researchers" launched by the Lithuanian Ministry of Education
and Science.
NR 44
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 25
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-092X
J9 SOL ENERGY
JI Sol. Energy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 102
BP 82
EP 90
DI 10.1016/j.solener.2014.01.013
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA AF1LT
UT WOS:000334476100007
ER
PT J
AU Painter, SL
Karra, S
AF Painter, Scott L.
Karra, Satish
TI Constitutive Model for Unfrozen Water Content in Subfreezing Unsaturated
Soils
SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID FROZEN SOIL; HEAT; PARAMETERIZATION; VARIABILITY; SYSTEM; SNOW; CLAY
AB A new constitutive relationship for phase partitioning of water in frozen soils is proposed. This relationship extends to unsaturated conditions established relationships for gas-free conditions by smoothing a thermodynamically derived relationship to eliminate a jump discontinuity at the freezing temperature. This relationship is shown to compare well with experimental data on unfrozen water content as a function of temperature for different total water content values. Using this new relationship, a modified nonisothermal Richards equation is solved for flow in freezing soil. The results based on this modified Richards equation are shown to compare well with data from two different column experiments.
C1 [Painter, Scott L.; Karra, Satish] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp EES 16, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Painter, SL (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp EES 16, MS T003, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM spainter@lanl.gov
RI Painter, Scott/C-2586-2016;
OI Painter, Scott/0000-0002-0901-6987; Karra, Satish/0000-0001-7847-6293
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory [LDRD201200068DR]; Next-Generation
Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE Arctic) project; Office of Biological and
Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science
FX This work was supported by LDRD201200068DR project funded by Los Alamos
National Laboratory and by the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments
(NGEE Arctic) project. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE
Arctic) project is supported by the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. The authors are
grateful to Ed Perfect and Mark Seyfried for constructive suggestions
for improving the manuscript.
NR 33
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 5
U2 34
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1539-1663
J9 VADOSE ZONE J
JI Vadose Zone J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 4
DI 10.2136/vzj2013.04.0071
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA AF7WZ
UT WOS:000334927400001
ER
PT J
AU Li, Z
Haynes, R
Sato, E
Shields, MS
Fujita, Y
Sato, C
AF Li, Zhen
Haynes, Rishika
Sato, Eugene
Shields, Malcolm S.
Fujita, Yoshiko
Sato, Chikashi
TI Microbial Community Analysis of a Single Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell
Using Potato Wastewater
SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE microbial fuel cell; potato wastewater; terminal restriction fragment
length polymorphism; 16S ribosomal DNA
ID ELECTRICITY-GENERATION; FE(III)-REDUCING BACTERIUM;
GEOBACTER-SULFURREDUCENS; REDUCTION; DIVERSITY; MICROORGANISMS;
DEGRADATION; EFFICIENCY; ENERGY
AB Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) convert chemical energy to electrical energy via bio-electrochemical reactions mediated by microorganisms. This study investigated the diversity of the microbial community in an air cathode single chamber MFC that used potato-process wastewater as substrate. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism results indicated that the bacterial communities on the anode, cathode, control electrode, and MFC bulk fluid were similar, but differed dramatically from that of the anaerobic domestic sludge and potato wastewater inoculum. The 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing results showed that microbial species detected on the anode were predominantly within the phyla of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. Fluorescent microscopy results indicated that there was a clear enhancement of biofilm formation on the anode. Results of this study could help improve understanding of the complexity of microbial communities and optimize the microbial composition for generating electricity by MFCs that use potato wastewater.
C1 [Li, Zhen; Haynes, Rishika; Sato, Eugene; Sato, Chikashi] Idaho State Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Shields, Malcolm S.] Siemens Clin Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Fujita, Yoshiko] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID USA.
RP Li, Z (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Coll Sci & Engn, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
EM lizhen@isu.edu
RI Fujita, Yoshiko/S-2007-2016
OI Fujita, Yoshiko/0000-0002-4472-4102
FU DOE [FY07_CAES_LDRD, 00043028]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of M.
Cherry. Support for this research was provided under DOE grant:
FY07_CAES_LDRD (Agreement No. 00043028). We would also like to thank
Erin O'Leary-Jepsen and Christine Ryan at Idaho State University
Molecular Research Core Facility for the DNA sequencing.
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 41
PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA
SN 1061-4303
EI 1554-7531
J9 WATER ENVIRON RES
JI Water Environ. Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 86
IS 4
BP 324
EP 330
DI 10.2175/106143013X13751480308641
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater
Biology; Water Resources
GA AF3CZ
UT WOS:000334590400005
PM 24851328
ER
PT J
AU Farr, R
Choi, DS
Lee, SW
AF Farr, Rebecca
Choi, Dong Shin
Lee, Seung-Wuk
TI Phage-based nanomaterials for biomedical applications
SO ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
LA English
DT Review
DE Virus; Bionanomedicine; Phage therapy; Drug delivery; Tissue engineering
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; M13 THIN-FILMS; DRUG-DELIVERY; THERAPEUTIC
APPLICATIONS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; BACTERIOPHAGE THERAPY; VIRAL
NANOPARTICLES; FILAMENTOUS PHAGE; PEPTIDE LIBRARIES; RATIONAL DESIGN
AB Recent advances in nanotechnology enable us to manipulate and produce materials with molecular level control. In the newly emerging field of bionanomedicine, it is essential to precisely control the physical, chemical and biological properties of materials. Among other biological building blocks, viruses are a promising nanomaterial that can be functionalized with great precision. Since the production of viral particles is directed by the genetic information encapsulated in their protein shells, the viral particles create precisely defined sizes and shapes. In addition, the composition and surface properties of the particles can be controlled through genetic engineering and chemical modification. In this manuscript, we review the advances of virus-based nanomaterials for biomedical applications in three different areas: phage therapy, drug delivery and tissue engineering. By exploiting and manipulating the original functions of viruses, viral particles hold great possibilities in these biomedical applications to improve human health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Lee, Seung-Wuk] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lee, SW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM leesw@berkeley.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0747713]; Kwanjeong Educational
Foundation
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Early Career
Development Award (DMR-0747713). D.S.C. acknowledges the support from
Kwanjeong Educational Foundation.
NR 135
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 7
U2 92
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1742-7061
EI 1878-7568
J9 ACTA BIOMATER
JI Acta Biomater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 4
BP 1741
EP 1750
DI 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.06.037
PG 10
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA AE6WC
UT WOS:000334137700024
PM 23823252
ER
PT J
AU Smetana, V
Corbett, JD
Miller, GJ
AF Smetana, Volodymyr
Corbett, John D.
Miller, Gordon J.
TI MgAuGa and MgAu2Ga: first representatives of the Mg-Au-Ga system
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE crystal structure; ternary phase; Mg-Au-Ga system; Fe2P structure type;
hexagonal Na3As structure type; MgAuGa; MgAu2Ga
ID GOLD-GALLIUM
AB MgAuGa (magnesium gold gallium), the first ternary representative of the Mg-Au-Ga system, crystallizes in the space group P (6) over bar 2m and adopts the Fe2P structure type (Pearson symbol hP9). Various phases with the general composition AB(2) have been reported in the surrounding binary systems, viz. Mg2Ga (hP18), MgGa2 (hP6; CaIn2 type), AuGa2 (cF12; CaF2 type), Au2Ga (oS24; Pd2As type) and Mg2Au (oP12; Co2Si type). In principle, MgAuGa can be obtained from each of them by partial replacement of the major element with the missing element. In fact, the structure of MgAuGa closely resembles hexagonal Mg2Ga through a direct group-subgroup relationship. MgAu2Ga (magnesium digold gallium) also crystallizes hexagonally in the space group P6(3)/mmc and is isotypic with Na3As. It adopts the structure of another binary compound, viz. Mg3Au (hP8), but shows an unexpected distribution of Mg, Au, and Ga among the atomic positions of the asymmetric unit. Both MgAuGa and MgAu2Ga can be described as formally anionic Au/Ga frameworks, with pseudo-hexagonal tunnels around Mg in MgAuGa or cages in MgAu2Ga.
C1 [Smetana, Volodymyr; Corbett, John D.; Miller, Gordon J.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Smetana, V (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM smetana@ameslab.gov
RI Smetana, Volodymyr/C-1340-2015;
OI Smetana, Volodymyr/0000-0003-0763-1457
FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, US
Department of Energy (DOE); DOE [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Materials Sciences Division, US Department of Energy (DOE). Ames
Laboratory is operated for the DOE by Iowa State University under
contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0108-2701
EI 1600-5759
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Struct. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 70
BP 355
EP +
DI 10.1107/S205322961400566X
PN 4
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA AE5SX
UT WOS:000334050600003
PM 24705047
ER
PT J
AU Gao, PW
Sun, LL
Ni, N
Guo, J
Wu, Q
Zhang, C
Gu, DC
Yang, K
Li, AG
Jiang, S
Cava, RJ
Zhao, ZX
AF Gao, Peiwen
Sun, Liling
Ni, Ni
Guo, Jing
Wu, Qi
Zhang, Chao
Gu, Dachun
Yang, Ke
Li, Aiguo
Jiang, Sheng
Cava, Robert Joseph
Zhao, Zhongxian
TI Pressure-Induced Superconductivity and Its Scaling with Doping-Induced
Superconductivity in the Iron Pnictidewith Skutterudite Intermediary
Layers
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE superconducting materials; iron pnictide; high pressure study
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; METAL-INSULATOR TRANSITIONS
C1 [Gao, Peiwen; Sun, Liling; Guo, Jing; Wu, Qi; Zhang, Chao; Gu, Dachun; Zhao, Zhongxian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Gao, Peiwen; Sun, Liling; Guo, Jing; Wu, Qi; Zhang, Chao; Gu, Dachun; Zhao, Zhongxian] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Ni, Ni; Cava, Robert Joseph] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Ni, Ni] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Ni, Ni] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Yang, Ke; Li, Aiguo; Jiang, Sheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Shanghai 201204, Peoples R China.
RP Sun, LL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
EM llsun@iphy.ac.cn; zhxzhao@iphy.ac.cn
FU NSCF [11074294, 11204059]; 973 projects [2011CBA00100, 2010CB923000];
Chinese Academy of Sciences; AFOSR MURI [FA9550-09-1-0593]
FX This work in China was supported by the NSCF (Grant No. 11074294 and
11204059), 973 projects (Grant No. 2011CBA00100 and 2010CB923000) and
Chinese Academy of Sciences. The work in the USA has been supported by
the AFOSR MURI on superconductivity, grant FA9550-09-1-0593. Dr. Ni
acknowledges the Marie Curie Fellowship at Los Alamos National
Laboratory.
NR 30
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U1 4
U2 73
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
EI 1521-4095
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 26
IS 15
BP 2346
EP 2351
DI 10.1002/adma.201305154
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AE7ME
UT WOS:000334181400007
PM 24847529
ER
PT J
AU Chen, X
Nanstad, RK
Sokolov, MA
Manneschmidt, ET
AF Chen, Xiang Frank
Nanstad, Randy K.
Sokolov, Mikhail A.
Manneschmidt, Eric T.
TI Determining Ductile Fracture Toughness in Metals
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
ID CRACK-GROWTH; POTENTIAL METHOD; CALIBRATION
C1 [Chen, Xiang Frank; Nanstad, Randy K.; Sokolov, Mikhail A.; Manneschmidt, Eric T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
RP Chen, X (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
OI Chen, Xiang/0000-0002-8662-5209
FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This manuscript was authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No.
DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. DOE. The United States Government
retains, and the publisher acknowledges, that the government retains a
nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do
so, for government purposes.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASM INT
PI MATERIALS PARK
PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002
USA
SN 0882-7958
EI 2161-9425
J9 ADV MATER PROCESS
JI Adv. Mater. Process.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 172
IS 4
BP 19
EP 23
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA AF2QH
UT WOS:000334556200004
ER
PT J
AU Kajimoto, M
Priddy, CMO
Ledee, DR
Xu, C
Isern, N
Olson, AK
Portman, MA
AF Kajimoto, Masaki
Priddy, Colleen M. O'Kelly
Ledee, Dolena R.
Xu, Chun
Isern, Nancy
Olson, Aaron K.
Portman, Michael A.
TI Effects of continuous triiodothyronine infusion on the tricarboxylic
acid cycle in the normal immature swine heart under extracorporeal
membrane oxygenation in vivo
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cardiac metabolism; extracorporeal circulation; fatty acids; pediatrics;
thyroid hormone; citric acid cycle
ID CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; C-13-ISOTOPOMER ANALYSIS; CARDIAC METABOLISM;
REPERFUSION; FAILURE; SUPPORT; CHILDREN; PYRUVATE; GCMS; NMR
AB Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is frequently used in infants with postoperative cardiopulmonary failure. ECMO also suppresses circulating triiodothyronine (T-3) levels and modifies myocardial metabolism. We assessed the hypothesis that T-3 supplementation reverses ECMO-induced metabolic abnormalities in the immature heart. Twenty-two male Yorkshire pigs (age: 25-38 days) with ECMO received [2-C-13] lactate, [2,4,6,8-C-13(4)]octanoate (medium-chain fatty acid), and [U-C-13]long-chain fatty acids as metabolic tracers either systemically (totally physiological intracoronary concentration) or directly into the coronary artery (high substrate concentration) for the last 60 min of each protocol. NMR analysis of left ventricular tissue determined the fractional contribution of these substrates to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Fifty percent of the pigs in each group received intravenous T-3 supplement (bolus at 0.6 mu g/kg and then continuous infusion at 0.2 mu g.kg(-1).h(-1)) during ECMO. Under both substrate loading conditions, T-3 significantly increased the fractional contribution of lactate with a marginal increase in the fractional contribution of octanoate. Both T-3 and high substrate provision increased the myocardial energy status, as indexed by phosphocreatine concentration/ATP concentration. In conclusion, T-3 supplementation promoted lactate metabolism to the tricarboxylic acid cycle during ECMO, suggesting that T-3 releases the inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase. Manipulation of substrate utilization by T-3 may be used therapeutically during ECMO to improve the resting energy state and facilitate weaning.
C1 [Kajimoto, Masaki; Priddy, Colleen M. O'Kelly; Ledee, Dolena R.; Xu, Chun; Olson, Aaron K.; Portman, Michael A.] Seattle Childrens Res Inst, Ctr Dev Therapeut, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
[Priddy, Colleen M. O'Kelly] Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Isern, Nancy] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Olson, Aaron K.; Portman, Michael A.] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Div Cardiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Portman, MA (reprint author), Seattle Childrens Res Inst, 1900 9th Ave, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
EM michael.portman@seattlechildrens.org
FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL-60666]; Department of
Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
FX This work was supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
Grant HL-60666 (to M. A. Portman). A portion of the research was
performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by
the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental
Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
NR 20
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U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0363-6135
EI 1522-1539
J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C
JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 306
IS 8
BP H1164
EP H1170
DI 10.1152/ajpheart.00964.2013
PG 7
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular
Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology
GA AF3FI
UT WOS:000334596500007
PM 24531815
ER
PT J
AU Cernok, A
Ballaran, TB
Caracas, R
Miyajima, N
Bykova, E
Prakapenka, V
Liermann, HP
Dubrovinsky, L
AF Cernok, Ana
Ballaran, Tiziana Boffa
Caracas, Razvan
Miyajima, Nobuyoshi
Bykova, Elena
Prakapenka, Vitali
Liermann, Hanns-Peter
Dubrovinsky, Leonid
TI Pressure-induced phase transitions in coesite
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Silica; coesite; high-pressure polymorph; metastable; diamond-anvil
cell; high-pressure Raman spectra
ID INDUCED AMORPHIZATION; HYDROXYL SOLUBILITY; KOKCHETAV MASSIF;
ALPHA-QUARTZ; SILICA; DIAMOND; TRANSFORMATION; COMPRESSION; INCLUSIONS;
KAZAKSTAN
AB High-pressure behavior of coesite was studied on single crystals using diamond-anvil cells with neon as the pressure-transmitting medium by means of in situ Raman spectroscopy up to pressures of similar to 51 GPa. The experimental observations were complemented with theoretical computations of the Raman spectra under similar pressure conditions. We find that coesite undergoes two phase transitions and does not become amorphous at least up to similar to 51 GPa. The first phase transition (coesite 1 to coesite II) is reversible and occurs around 23 GPa. The second transition (coesite II to coesite III) at about 35 GPa is also reversible but involves a large hysteresis. Samples recovered from the highest pressure achieved. similar to 51 GPa. show Raman spectra of the initial coesite. The ab initio calculations gave insight into the initiation mechanism of the first phase transition, implying, from the analysis of unstable phonon modes, that it is probably a displacive phase transition due to shearing of the four-membered rings of SiO4 tetrahedra upon compression. The transition to the lowest-symmetry phase, coesite III, is possibly a first-order phase transition that leads to a very distinct structure. None of the metastable high-pressure phases of coesite has been previously studied and it was widely accepted that coesite undergoes pressure-induced amorphization at significantly lower pressures (30 GPa). The study of the high-pressure behavior of coesite is important to better constrain the metastable phase diagram of silica. Further crystallographic investigations are necessary for characterizing the structures of these metastable coesite forms. Crystalline or amorphous metastable phases derived from coesite under high-pressure conditions are of particular interest because they can be used as potential tracers of peak transient pressures (stress) reached in processes such as impacts or faulting.
C1 [Cernok, Ana; Ballaran, Tiziana Boffa; Miyajima, Nobuyoshi; Bykova, Elena; Dubrovinsky, Leonid] Univ Bayreuth, Bayer Geoinst, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
[Caracas, Razvan] Ecole Normale Super Lyon 46, Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Lab Geol Lyon LGLTPE, UMR 5276, F-69364 Lyon, France.
[Prakapenka, Vitali] Univ Chicago, Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Adv Radiat Sources, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Liermann, Hanns-Peter] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
RP Cernok, A (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Bayer Geoinst, Univ Str 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
EM Ana.Cernok@uni-bayreuth.de
FU Bavarian Elite Network (ENB) Graduate Program "Oxides"; DARI
[x2013106368]; GeoSoilEnviroCARS (Sector 13); National Science
Foundation. Earth Sciences [EAR-1128799]; Department of Energy,
Geosciences [DE-FG02-94ER14466]
FX We very much appreciate the assistance of Stefan Ubelhack. who
manufactured the insulation box for our experiments Hubert Schulze is
gratefully acknowledged for the sample preparation and Sven Linhardt for
his help in experiments with electrical heating We are grateful to
Andreas Audetat for providing the starting glass material and helping us
analyze it using LA-ICP-MS. This work was funded as a part of Bavarian
Elite Network (ENB) Graduate Program "Oxides." The first-principles
calculations were done on the jade machine of CINES, under DARI grant
x2013106368. Portions of this research were carried out at the light
source PETRA 111 at DESY, a member of the Helmholtz Association (HGF).
We acknowledge the support of GeoSoilEnviroCARS (Sector 13), which is
supported by the National Science Foundation, Earth Sciences
(EAR-1128799), and the Department of Energy, Geosciences
(DE-FG02-94ER14466). All authors are thankful for the useful comments of
Joseph Smyth and the anonymous reviewer, which helped us improve the
quality of the manuscript.
NR 48
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U2 34
PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
EI 1945-3027
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 99
IS 4
BP 755
EP 763
DI 10.2138/am.2014.4585
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA AE3MY
UT WOS:000333881800024
ER
PT J
AU Dobrzhinetskaya, LF
Wirth, R
Yang, JS
Green, HW
Hutcheon, ID
Weber, PK
Grew, ES
AF Dobrzhinetskaya, Larissa F.
Wirth, Richard
Yang, Jingsui
Green, Harry W.
Hutcheon, Ian D.
Weber, Peter K.
Grew, Edward S.
TI Qingsongite, natural cubic boron nitride: The first boron mineral from
the Earth's mantle
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Cubic boron nitride; deep mantle; crustal boron; mantle nitrogen
ID HIGH-PRESSURE; LUOBUSA OPHIOLITE; PODIFORM CHROMITITES; PHASE-DIAGRAM;
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; PHENGITIC MUSCOVITE;
NITROGEN RECORD; SOUTHERN TIBET; HEAT-CAPACITY
AB Qingsongite (IMA 2013-30) is the natural analog of cubic boron nitride (c-BN), which is widely used as an abrasive under the name "Borazon." The mineral is named for Qingsong Fang (1939-2010), who found the first diamond in the Luobusa chromitite. Qingsongite occurs in a rock fragment less than I mm across extracted from chromitite in deposit 31. Luobusa ophiolite, Yarlung Zangbu suture, southern Tibet at 29 degrees 13.86N and 92 degrees 11.41E. Five electron microprobe analyses gave B 48.54 +/- 0.65 wt% (range 47.90-49.2 wt%); N 51.46 +/- 0.65 wt% (range 52.10-50.8 wt%), corresponding to B1.113N0 887 and B1 087N0 913, for maximum and minimum B contents, respectively (based on 2 atoms per formula unit); no other elements that could substitute for B or N were detected. Crystallographic data on qingsongite obtained using fast Fourier transforms gave cubic symmetry, a = 3.61 +/- 0.045 angstrom. The density calculated for the mean composition B1100N0 900 is 3.46 g/cm(3), i.e., qingsongite is nearly identical to synthetic c-BN. The synthetic analog has the sphalerite structure, space group F (4) over bar 3m. Mohs hardness of the synthetic analog is between 9 and 10; its cleavage is {011}. Qingsongite forms isolated anhedral single crystals up to 1 mu m in size in the marginal zone of the fragment; this zone consists of similar to 45 modal% coesite, similar to 15% kyanite, and similar to 40% amorphous material. Qingsongite is enclosed in kyanite, coesite, or in osbomite; other associated phases include native Fe; TiO2 II, a high-pressure polymorph of rutile with the alpha PbO2 structure; boron carbide of unknown stoichiometry; and amorphous carbon. Coesite forms prisms several tens of micrometers long, but is polycrystalline, and thus interpreted to be pseudomorphic after stishovite. Associated minerals constrain the estimated pressure to 10-15 GPa assuming temperature was about 1300 degrees C. Our proposed scenario for formation of qingsongite begins with a pelitic rock fragment that was subducted to mid-mantle depths where crustal B originally present in mica or clay combined with mantle N (delta N-15 = -10.4 +/- 3 parts per thousand in osbomite) and subsequently exhumed by entrainment in chromitite. The presence of qingsongite has implications for understanding the recycling of crustal material back to the Earth's mantle since boron, an essential constituent of qingsongite. is potentially an ideal tracer of material from Earth's surface.
C1 [Dobrzhinetskaya, Larissa F.; Green, Harry W.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Wirth, Richard] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
[Yang, Jingsui] Chinese Acad Geol Sci, Inst Geol, Key Lab Continental Dynam, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China.
[Hutcheon, Ian D.; Weber, Peter K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Grew, Edward S.] Univ Maine, Bryand Global Sci Ctr 5790, Sch Earth & Climate Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP Dobrzhinetskaya, LF (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, 900 Univ Ave, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
EM larissa@ucr.edu
FU NSF [EAR 1118796]; Lab Fee Research Award from the University of
California [09-LR-05-116946-DOBL]; Chinese National Science Foundation;
China Geological Survey
FX We thank S. Yamamoto and Y. Sano (The Unisersity of Tokyo. Japan) and S.
Maruyama (The Tokyo Institute of Technology. Japan) for their fruitful
discussions of the significance of ultrahigh-pressure minerals in mantle
section of ophiolitc and nitrogen reservoirs in deep Earth. L.
Dubrovisnky and A. El Goresy (The University of Bayreuth. Germany) are
acknowledged for stimulating discussions of the laboratory synthesis and
conditions for natural formations of the oshomite and cubic boron
nitride. Members of the IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and
Classification are thanked for their comments on the new-mineral
proposal submitted for approval by the commission Monika Koch-M tiller
and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for their constructive comments on
an earlier version of the manuscript The project was supported by the
NSF grant EAR 1118796 to L.F.D. and H.W.G., and the Lab Fee Research
Award (No 09-LR-05-116946-DOBL) from the University of California to
L.F.D., H.W G., I.D.H., and P.K W. The research is also a pan of the
activity of Task Force IV of the International Lithosphere Program. The
portion of the study related to sample collection and heavy minerals
separation was partially supported by the Chinese National Science
Foundation and the China Geological Survey to J S.Y.
NR 74
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U2 23
PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
EI 1945-3027
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 99
IS 4
BP 764
EP 772
DI 10.2138/am.2014.4714
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA AE3MY
UT WOS:000333881800025
ER
PT J
AU Bellm, EC
Barriere, NM
Bhalerao, V
Boggs, SE
Cenko, SB
Christensen, FE
Craig, WW
Forster, K
Fryer, CL
Hailey, CJ
Harrison, FA
Horesh, A
Kouveliotou, C
Madsen, KK
Miller, JM
Ofek, EO
Perley, DA
Rana, VR
Reynolds, SP
Stern, D
Tomsick, JA
Zhang, WW
AF Bellm, Eric C.
Barriere, Nicolas M.
Bhalerao, Varun
Boggs, Steven E.
Cenko, S. Bradley
Christensen, Finn E.
Craig, William W.
Forster, Karl
Fryer, Chris L.
Hailey, Charles J.
Harrison, Fiona A.
Horesh, Assaf
Kouveliotou, Chryssa
Madsen, Kristin K.
Miller, Jon M.
Ofek, Eran O.
Perley, Daniel A.
Rana, Vikram R.
Reynolds, Stephen P.
Stern, Daniel
Tomsick, John A.
Zhang, William W.
TI X-RAY SPECTRAL COMPONENTS OBSERVED IN THE AFTERGLOW OF GRB 130925A
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB 130925A)
ID MASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; SUPERNOVA; BURSTS; STAR; EMISSION; SEARCH;
SIGNATURES; COLLAPSARS; ACCRETION; OUTBURST
AB We have identified spectral features in the late-time X-ray afterglow of the unusually long, slow-decaying GRB 130925A using NuSTAR, Swift/X-Ray Telescope, and Chandra. A spectral component in addition to an absorbed power law is required at >4 sigma significance, and its spectral shape varies between two observation epochs at 2 x 10(5) and 10(6) s after the burst. Several models can fit this additional component, each with very different physical implications. A broad, resolved Gaussian absorption feature of several keV width improves the fit, but it is poorly constrained in the second epoch. An additive blackbody or second power-law component provide better fits. Both are challenging to interpret: the blackbody radius is near the scale of a compact remnant (10(8) cm), while the second power-law component requires an unobserved high-energy cutoff in order to be consistent with the non-detection by Fermi/Large Area Telescope.
C1 [Bellm, Eric C.; Forster, Karl; Harrison, Fiona A.; Madsen, Kristin K.; Perley, Daniel A.; Rana, Vikram R.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Barriere, Nicolas M.; Boggs, Steven E.; Craig, William W.; Tomsick, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bhalerao, Varun] Interuniv Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India.
[Cenko, S. Bradley; Zhang, William W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Christensen, Finn E.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space Natl Space Inst, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
[Craig, William W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Fryer, Chris L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, CCS 2, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Hailey, Charles J.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Horesh, Assaf; Ofek, Eran O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Benoziyo Ctr Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Kouveliotou, Chryssa] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Off ZP12, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Miller, Jon M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Reynolds, Stephen P.] NC State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Bellm, EC (reprint author), CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM ebellm@caltech.edu
RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015; Horesh, Assaf/O-9873-2016;
OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; Horesh, Assaf/0000-0002-5936-1156;
Bhalerao, Varun/0000-0002-6112-7609; Madsen,
Kristin/0000-0003-1252-4891; Rana, Vikram/0000-0003-1703-8796
FU NASA [NNG08FD60C]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX This work was supported under NASA contract No. NNG08FD60C and uses data
from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of
Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR
Operations team for executing the target of opportunity observations.
This research has used the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS)
jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the
California Institute of Technology (USA). These results are based in
part on observations made by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We thank the
Chandra director for granting discretionary time and the Chandra team
for prompt execution of the observations.
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
EI 2041-8213
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 784
IS 2
AR L19
DI 10.1088/2041-8205/784/2/L19
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AD5ZX
UT WOS:000333333400002
ER
PT J
AU Beresnyak, A
AF Beresnyak, Andrey
TI SPECTRA OF STRONG MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC TURBULENCE FROM HIGH-RESOLUTION
SIMULATIONS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); turbulence
ID ALFVENIC TURBULENCE; INERTIAL-RANGE
AB Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence is present in a variety of solar and astrophysical environments. Solar wind fluctuations with frequencies lower than 0.1 Hz are believed to be mostly governed by Alfvenic turbulence with particle transport depending on the power spectrum and the anisotropy of such turbulence. Recently, conflicting spectral slopes for the inertial range of MHD turbulence have been reported by different groups. Spectral shapes from earlier simulations showed that MHD turbulence is less scale-local compared with hydrodynamic turbulence. This is why higher-resolution simulations, and careful and rigorous numerical analysis is especially needed for the MHD case. In this Letter, we present two groups of simulations with resolution up to 40963, which are numerically well-resolved and have been analyzed with an exact and well-tested method of scaling study. Our results from both simulation groups indicate that the asymptotic power spectral slope for all energy-related quantities, such as total energy and residual energy, is around -1.7, close to Kolmogorov's -5/3. This suggests that residual energy is a constant fraction of the total energy and that in the asymptotic regime of Alfvenic turbulence magnetic and kinetic spectra have the same scaling. The -1.5 slope for energy and the -2 slope for residual energy, which have been suggested earlier, are incompatible with our numerics.
C1 Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Beresnyak, A (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM andrey.at.astro@gmail.com
OI Beresnyak, Andrey/0000-0002-2124-7024
FU DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The author was supported though the DOE LDRD program, while computer
time was provided by the DOE INCITE program. This research used
resources of the ALCF at Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported
by the DOE under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank our ALCF Catalyst
Tim Williams for the technical help. Our special thanks go to Dmitry
Pekurovsky, who wrote a customized version of his P3DFFT library
(Pekurovsky 2012) which made 40963 MHD simulations possible.
Some of the data will be publicly released in the J. H. University
database (http://turbulence.pha.jhu.edu/) at a future date.
NR 32
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
EI 2041-8213
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 784
IS 2
AR L20
DI 10.1088/2041-8205/784/2/L20
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AD5ZX
UT WOS:000333333400003
ER
PT J
AU Ahn, CP
Alexandroff, R
Prieto, CA
Anders, F
Anderson, SF
Anderton, T
Andrews, BH
Aubourg, E
Bailey, S
Bastien, FA
Bautista, JE
Beers, TC
Beifiori, A
Bender, CF
Berlind, AA
Beutler, F
Bhardwaj, V
Bird, JC
Bizyaev, D
Blake, CH
Blanton, MR
Blomqvist, M
Bochanski, JJ
Bolton, AS
Borde, A
Bovy, J
Bradley, AS
Brandt, WN
Brauer, D
Brinkmann, J
Brownstein, JR
Busca, NG
Carithers, W
Carlberg, JK
Carnero, AR
Carr, MA
Chiappini, C
Chojnowski, SD
Chuang, CH
Comparat, J
Crepp, JR
Cristiani, S
Croft, RAC
Cuesta, AJ
Cunha, K
da Costa, LN
Dawson, KS
De Lee, N
Dean, JDR
Delubac, T
Deshpande, R
Dhital, S
Ealet, A
Ebelke, GL
Edmondson, EM
Eisenstein, DJ
Epstein, CR
Escoffier, S
Esposito, M
Evans, ML
Fabbian, D
Fan, XH
Favole, G
Castella, BF
Alvar, EF
Feuillet, D
Ak, NF
Finley, H
Fleming, SW
Font-Ribera, A
Frinchaboy, PM
Galbraith-Frew, JG
Garcia-Hernandez, DA
Perez, AEG
Ge, J
Genova-Santos, R
Gillespie, BA
Girardi, L
Hernandez, JIG
Gott, JR
Gunn, JE
Guo, H
Halverson, S
Harding, P
Harris, D
Hasselquist, S
Hawley, SL
Hayden, M
Hearty, FR
Davo, AH
Ho, S
Hogg, DW
Holtzman, JA
Honscheid, K
Huehnerhoff, J
Ivans, II
Jackson, KM
Jiang, P
Johnson, JA
Kinemuchi, K
Kirkby, D
Klaene, MA
Kneib, JP
Koesterke, L
Lan, TW
Lang, D
Le Goff, JM
Leauthaud, A
Lee, KG
Lee, YS
Long, DC
Loomis, CP
Lucatello, S
Lupton, RH
Ma, B
Mack, CE
Mahadevan, S
Maia, MAG
Majewski, SR
Malanushenko, E
Malanushenko, V
Manchado, A
Manera, M
Maraston, C
Margala, D
Martell, SL
Masters, KL
McBride, CK
McGreer, ID
McMahon, RG
Menard, B
Meszaros, S
Miralda-Escude, J
Miyatake, H
Montero-Dorta, AD
Montesano, F
More, S
Morrison, HL
Muna, D
Munn, JA
Myers, AD
Nguyen, DC
Nichol, RC
Nidever, DL
Noterdaeme, P
Nuza, SE
O'Connell, JE
O'Connell, RW
O'Connell, R
Olmstead, MD
Oravetz, DJ
Owen, R
Padmanabhan, N
Palanque-Delabrouille, N
Pan, K
Parejko, JK
Parihar, P
Paris, I
Pepper, J
Percival, WJ
Perez-Rafols, I
Perottoni, HD
Petitjean, P
Pieri, MM
Pinsonneault, MH
Prada, F
Price-Whelan, AM
Raddick, MJ
Rahman, M
Rebolo, R
Reid, BA
Richards, JC
Riffel, R
Robin, AC
Rocha-Pinto, HJ
Rockosi, CM
Roe, NA
Ross, AJ
Ross, NP
Rossi, G
Roy, A
Rubino-Martin, JA
Sabiu, CG
Sanchez, AG
Santiago, B
Sayres, C
Schiavon, RP
Schlegel, DJ
Schlesinger, KJ
Schmidt, SJ
Schneider, DP
Schultheis, M
Sellgren, K
Seo, HJ
Shen, Y
Shetrone, M
Shu, YP
Simmons, AE
Skrutskie, MF
Slosar, A
Smith, VV
Snedden, SA
Sobeck, JS
Sobreira, F
Stassun, KG
Steinmetz, M
Strauss, MA
Streblyanska, A
Suzuki, N
Swanson, MEC
Terrien, RC
Thakar, AR
Thomas, D
Thompson, BA
Tinker, JL
Tojeiro, R
Troup, NW
Vandenberg, J
Magana, MV
Viel, M
Vogt, NP
Wake, DA
Weaver, BA
Weinberg, DH
Weiner, BJ
White, M
White, SDM
Wilson, JC
Wisniewski, JP
Wood-Vasey, WM
Yeche, C
York, DG
Zamora, O
Zasowski, G
Zehavi, I
Zhao, GB
Zheng, Z
Zhu, GT
AF Ahn, Christopher P.
Alexandroff, Rachael
Allende Prieto, Carlos
Anders, Friedrich
Anderson, Scott F.
Anderton, Timothy
Andrews, Brett H.
Aubourg, Eric
Bailey, Stephen
Bastien, Fabienne A.
Bautista, Julian E.
Beers, Timothy C.
Beifiori, Alessandra
Bender, Chad F.
Berlind, Andreas A.
Beutler, Florian
Bhardwaj, Vaishali
Bird, Jonathan C.
Bizyaev, Dmitry
Blake, Cullen H.
Blanton, Michael R.
Blomqvist, Michael
Bochanski, John J.
Bolton, Adam S.
Borde, Arnaud
Bovy, Jo
Bradley, Alaina Shelden
Brandt, W. N.
Brauer, Dorothee
Brinkmann, J.
Brownstein, Joel R.
Busca, Nicolas G.
Carithers, William
Carlberg, Joleen K.
Carnero, Aurelio R.
Carr, Michael A.
Chiappini, Cristina
Chojnowski, S. Drew
Chuang, Chia-Hsun
Comparat, Johan
Crepp, Justin R.
Cristiani, Stefano
Croft, Rupert A. C.
Cuesta, Antonio J.
Cunha, Katia
da Costa, Luiz N.
Dawson, Kyle S.
De Lee, Nathan
Dean, Janice D. R.
Delubac, Timothee
Deshpande, Rohit
Dhital, Saurav
Ealet, Anne
Ebelke, Garrett L.
Edmondson, Edward M.
Eisenstein, Daniel J.
Epstein, Courtney R.
Escoffier, Stephanie
Esposito, Massimiliano
Evans, Michael L.
Fabbian, D.
Fan, Xiaohui
Favole, Ginevra
Femenia Castella, Bruno
Fernandez Alvar, Emma
Feuillet, Diane
Ak, Nurten Filiz
Finley, Hayley
Fleming, Scott W.
Font-Ribera, Andreu
Frinchaboy, Peter M.
Galbraith-Frew, J. G.
Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.
Perez, Ana E. Garcia
Ge, Jian
Genova-Santos, R.
Gillespie, Bruce A.
Girardi, Leo
Gonzalez Hernandez, Jonay I.
Gott, J. Richard, III
Gunn, James E.
Guo, Hong
Halverson, Samuel
Harding, Paul
Harris, DavidW.
Hasselquist, Sten
Hawley, Suzanne L.
Hayden, Michael
Hearty, Frederick R.
Herrero Davo, Artemio
Ho, Shirley
Hogg, David W.
Holtzman, Jon A.
Honscheid, Klaus
Huehnerhoff, Joseph
Ivans, Inese I.
Jackson, Kelly M.
Jiang, Peng
Johnson, Jennifer A.
Kinemuchi, K.
Kirkby, David
Klaene, Mark A.
Kneib, Jean-Paul
Koesterke, Lars
Lan, Ting-Wen
Lang, Dustin
Le Goff, Jean-Marc
Leauthaud, Alexie
Lee, Khee-Gan
Lee, Young Sun
Long, Daniel C.
Loomis, Craig P.
Lucatello, Sara
Lupton, Robert H.
Ma, Bo
Mack, Claude E., III
Mahadevan, Suvrath
Maia, Marcio A. G.
Majewski, Steven R.
Malanushenko, Elena
Malanushenko, Viktor
Manchado, A.
Manera, Marc
Maraston, Claudia
Margala, Daniel
Martell, Sarah L.
Masters, Karen L.
McBride, Cameron K.
McGreer, Ian D.
McMahon, Richard G.
Menard, Brice
Meszaros, Sz.
Miralda-Escude, Jordi
Miyatake, Hironao
Montero-Dorta, Antonio D.
Montesano, Francesco
More, Surhud
Morrison, Heather L.
Muna, Demitri
Munn, Jeffrey A.
Myers, Adam D.
Duy Cuong Nguyen
Nichol, Robert C.
Nidever, David L.
Noterdaeme, Pasquier
Nuza, Sebastian E.
O'Connell, Julia E.
O'Connell, Robert W.
O'Connell, Ross
Olmstead, Matthew D.
Oravetz, Daniel J.
Owen, Russell
Padmanabhan, Nikhil
Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie
Pan, Kaike
Parejko, John K.
Parihar, Prachi
Paris, Isabelle
Pepper, Joshua
Percival, Will J.
Perez-Rafols, Ignasi
Perottoni, Helio Dotto
Petitjean, Patrick
Pieri, Matthew M.
Pinsonneault, M. H.
Prada, Francisco
Price-Whelan, Adrian M.
Raddick, M. Jordan
Rahman, Mubdi
Rebolo, Rafael
Reid, Beth A.
Richards, Jonathan C.
Riffel, Rogerio
Robin, Annie C.
Rocha-Pinto, H. J.
Rockosi, Constance M.
Roe, Natalie A.
Ross, Ashley J.
Ross, Nicholas P.
Rossi, Graziano
Roy, Arpita
Rubino-Martin, J. A.
Sabiu, Cristiano G.
Sanchez, Ariel G.
Santiago, Basilio
Sayres, Conor
Schiavon, Ricardo P.
Schlegel, David J.
Schlesinger, Katharine J.
Schmidt, Sarah J.
Schneider, Donald P.
Schultheis, Mathias
Sellgren, Kris
Seo, Hee-Jong
Shen, Yue
Shetrone, Matthew
Shu, Yiping
Simmons, Audrey E.
Skrutskie, M. F.
Slosar, Anze
Smith, Verne V.
Snedden, Stephanie A.
Sobeck, Jennifer S.
Sobreira, Flavia
Stassun, Keivan G.
Steinmetz, Matthias
Strauss, Michael A.
Streblyanska, Alina
Suzuki, Nao
Swanson, Molly E. C.
Terrien, Ryan C.
Thakar, Aniruddha R.
Thomas, Daniel
Thompson, Benjamin A.
Tinker, Jeremy L.
Tojeiro, Rita
Troup, Nicholas W.
Vandenberg, Jan
Magana, Mariana Vargas
Viel, Matteo
Vogt, Nicole P.
Wake, David A.
Weaver, Benjamin A.
Weinberg, David H.
Weiner, Benjamin J.
White, Martin
White, Simon D. M.
Wilson, John C.
Wisniewski, John P.
Wood-Vasey, W. M.
Yeche, Christophe
York, Donald G.
Zamora, O.
Zasowski, Gail
Zehavi, Idit
Zhao, Gong-Bo
Zheng, Zheng
Zhu, Guangtun
TI THE TENTH DATA RELEASE OF THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY: FIRST
SPECTROSCOPIC DATA FROM THE SDSS-III APACHE POINT OBSERVATORY GALACTIC
EVOLUTION EXPERIMENT
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE atlases; catalogs; surveys
ID BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; STELLAR POPULATION SYNTHESIS; INITIAL MASS
FUNCTION; 7TH DATA RELEASE; 9TH DATA RELEASE; TARGET SELECTION; GALAXY
SAMPLE; MILKY-WAY; MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATIONS; PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM
AB The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has been in operation since 2000 April. This paper presents the Tenth Public Data Release (DR10) from its current incarnation, SDSS-III. This data release includes the first spectroscopic data from the Apache Point Observatory Galaxy Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), along with spectroscopic data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) taken through 2012 July. The APOGEE instrument is a near-infrared R similar to 22,500 300 fiber spectrograph covering 1.514-1.696 mu m. The APOGEE survey is studying the chemical abundances and radial velocities of roughly 100,000 red giant star candidates in the bulge, bar, disk, and halo of the Milky Way. DR10 includes 178,397 spectra of 57,454 stars, each typically observed three or more times, from APOGEE. Derived quantities from these spectra (radial velocities, effective temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities) are also included. DR10 also roughly doubles the number of BOSS spectra over those included in the Ninth Data Release. DR10 includes a total of 1,507,954 BOSS spectra comprising 927,844 galaxy spectra, 182,009 quasar spectra, and 159,327 stellar spectra selected over 6373.2 deg(-2).
C1 [Ahn, Christopher P.; Anderton, Timothy; Bolton, Adam S.; Brownstein, Joel R.; Dawson, Kyle S.; Galbraith-Frew, J. G.; Guo, Hong; Harris, DavidW.; Ivans, Inese I.; Montero-Dorta, Antonio D.; Olmstead, Matthew D.; Richards, Jonathan C.; Shu, Yiping; Zheng, Zheng] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Alexandroff, Rachael; Gillespie, Bruce A.; Lan, Ting-Wen; Menard, Brice; Raddick, M. Jordan; Rahman, Mubdi; Thakar, Aniruddha R.; Vandenberg, Jan; Zasowski, Gail; Zhu, Guangtun] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Astrophys Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Allende Prieto, Carlos; Esposito, Massimiliano; Fabbian, D.; Femenia Castella, Bruno; Fernandez Alvar, Emma; Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.; Genova-Santos, R.; Gonzalez Hernandez, Jonay I.; Herrero Davo, Artemio; Manchado, A.; Meszaros, Sz.; Rebolo, Rafael; Rubino-Martin, J. A.; Streblyanska, Alina; Zamora, O.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain.
[Allende Prieto, Carlos; Esposito, Massimiliano; Femenia Castella, Bruno; Fernandez Alvar, Emma; Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.; Genova-Santos, R.; Herrero Davo, Artemio; Manchado, A.; Meszaros, Sz.; Rubino-Martin, J. A.; Streblyanska, Alina; Zamora, O.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain.
[Anders, Friedrich; Brauer, Dorothee; Chiappini, Cristina; Nuza, Sebastian E.; Steinmetz, Matthias] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany.
[Anders, Friedrich] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Kern & Teilchenphys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
[Anderson, Scott F.; Bhardwaj, Vaishali; Bochanski, John J.; Evans, Michael L.; Hawley, Suzanne L.; Owen, Russell; Sayres, Conor] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Andrews, Brett H.; Epstein, Courtney R.; Johnson, Jennifer A.; Muna, Demitri; Pinsonneault, M. H.; Schmidt, Sarah J.; Sellgren, Kris; Weinberg, David H.; Zasowski, Gail] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Aubourg, Eric; Bautista, Julian E.; Busca, Nicolas G.] Univ Paris Diderot, APC, CNRS, IN2P3,CEA,IRFU,Observ Paris,Sorbonne Paris Cite, F-75205 Paris, France.
[Bailey, Stephen; Beutler, Florian; Bhardwaj, Vaishali; Carithers, William; Font-Ribera, Andreu; Reid, Beth A.; Roe, Natalie A.; Ross, Nicholas P.; Schlegel, David J.; Seo, Hee-Jong; Suzuki, Nao; White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bastien, Fabienne A.; Berlind, Andreas A.; Bird, Jonathan C.; De Lee, Nathan; Dhital, Saurav; Mack, Claude E., III; Pepper, Joshua; Stassun, Keivan G.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Beers, Timothy C.; Smith, Verne V.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Beers, Timothy C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Beers, Timothy C.] Michigan State Univ, JINA, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Beifiori, Alessandra; Montesano, Francesco; Sanchez, Ariel G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Bender, Chad F.; Brandt, W. N.; Deshpande, Rohit; Ak, Nurten Filiz; Fleming, Scott W.; Halverson, Samuel; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Roy, Arpita; Schneider, Donald P.; Terrien, Ryan C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Bender, Chad F.; Deshpande, Rohit; Fleming, Scott W.; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Terrien, Ryan C.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Bizyaev, Dmitry; Bradley, Alaina Shelden; Brinkmann, J.; Ebelke, Garrett L.; Gillespie, Bruce A.; Huehnerhoff, Joseph; Kinemuchi, K.; Klaene, Mark A.; Long, Daniel C.; Malanushenko, Elena; Malanushenko, Viktor; Oravetz, Daniel J.; Pan, Kaike; Simmons, Audrey E.; Snedden, Stephanie A.] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
[Bizyaev, Dmitry; Ebelke, Garrett L.; Feuillet, Diane; Hasselquist, Sten; Hayden, Michael; Holtzman, Jon A.; Kinemuchi, K.; Lee, Young Sun; Long, Daniel C.; Malanushenko, Elena; Malanushenko, Viktor; Vogt, Nicole P.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Astron, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Blake, Cullen H.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Blanton, Michael R.; Hogg, David W.; Tinker, Jeremy L.; Weaver, Benjamin A.; Wilson, John C.] NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA.
[Blomqvist, Michael; Kirkby, David; Margala, Daniel] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Bochanski, John J.] Haverford Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA.
[Borde, Arnaud; Delubac, Timothee; Le Goff, Jean-Marc; Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie; Rossi, Graziano; Yeche, Christophe] CEA, Ctr Saclay, Irfu, SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Bovy, Jo] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Brandt, W. N.; Ak, Nurten Filiz; Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Carlberg, Joleen K.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
[Carnero, Aurelio R.; Cunha, Katia; da Costa, Luiz N.; Maia, Marcio A. G.; Sobreira, Flavia] Observ Nacl, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
[Carnero, Aurelio R.; Chiappini, Cristina; da Costa, Luiz N.; Girardi, Leo; Maia, Marcio A. G.; Perottoni, Helio Dotto; Riffel, Rogerio; Rocha-Pinto, H. J.; Santiago, Basilio; Sobreira, Flavia] LIneA, Lab Interinst eAstron, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
[Carr, Michael A.; Gott, J. Richard, III; Gunn, James E.; Loomis, Craig P.; Lupton, Robert H.; Miyatake, Hironao; Parihar, Prachi; Strauss, Michael A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Chojnowski, S. Drew; Dean, Janice D. R.; Hearty, Frederick R.; Majewski, Steven R.; Nidever, David L.; O'Connell, Robert W.; Skrutskie, M. F.; Troup, Nicholas W.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Chuang, Chia-Hsun; Favole, Ginevra; Prada, Francisco] Univ Autonoma Madrid, CSIC, Inst Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Comparat, Johan; Kneib, Jean-Paul] Univ Aix Marseille 1, CNRS, Lab Astrophys Marseille, F-13388 Marseille 13, France.
[Crepp, Justin R.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Cristiani, Stefano; Viel, Matteo] Osserv Astron Trieste, INAF, I-34131 Trieste, Italy.
[Cristiani, Stefano; Viel, Matteo] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Croft, Rupert A. C.; Ho, Shirley; Lang, Dustin; O'Connell, Ross; Magana, Mariana Vargas] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Bruce & Astrid McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Cuesta, Antonio J.; Padmanabhan, Nikhil; Parejko, John K.] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Cunha, Katia; Fan, Xiaohui; McGreer, Ian D.; Weiner, Benjamin J.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Dhital, Saurav] Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 USA.
[Ealet, Anne; Escoffier, Stephanie] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Phys Particules Marseille, F-13288 Marseille, France.
[Edmondson, Edward M.; Manera, Marc; Maraston, Claudia; Masters, Karen L.; Nichol, Robert C.; Percival, Will J.; Pieri, Matthew M.; Ross, Ashley J.; Thomas, Daniel; Tojeiro, Rita; Zhao, Gong-Bo] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England.
[Eisenstein, Daniel J.; McBride, Cameron K.; Shen, Yue; Swanson, Molly E. C.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Ak, Nurten Filiz] Erciyes Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Fac Sci, TR-38039 Kayseri, Turkey.
[Finley, Hayley; Noterdaeme, Pasquier; Petitjean, Patrick] UPMC, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Font-Ribera, Andreu] Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Frinchaboy, Peter M.; Jackson, Kelly M.; O'Connell, Julia E.; Thompson, Benjamin A.] Texas Christian Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ft Worth, TX 76129 USA.
[Ge, Jian; Jiang, Peng; Ma, Bo] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Bryant Space Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Girardi, Leo; Lucatello, Sara] Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
[Harding, Paul; Morrison, Heather L.; Zehavi, Idit] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Astron, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Honscheid, Klaus] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Honscheid, Klaus; Johnson, Jennifer A.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Jackson, Kelly M.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Dallas, TX 75080 USA.
[Jiang, Peng] Univ Sci & Technol China, Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Kneib, Jean-Paul] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Observ Sauverny, Astrophys Lab, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland.
[Koesterke, Lars] Univ Texas Austin, Texas Adv Comp Ctr, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
[Leauthaud, Alexie; Menard, Brice; More, Surhud] Univ Tokyo, Todai Inst Adv Study, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe Kavli IPMU, WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan.
[Lee, Khee-Gan] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Martell, Sarah L.] Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia.
[McMahon, Richard G.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
[McMahon, Richard G.] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
[Miralda-Escude, Jordi] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain.
[Miralda-Escude, Jordi; Perez-Rafols, Ignasi] Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, IEEC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Munn, Jeffrey A.] US Naval Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Myers, Adam D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Duy Cuong Nguyen] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada.
[Nidever, David L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
[Paris, Isabelle] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile.
[Pepper, Joshua] Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
[Perez-Rafols, Ignasi] Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, Dept Astron & Meteorol, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Perottoni, Helio Dotto; Rocha-Pinto, H. J.] Fed Rio de Janeiro, Observ Valongo, BR-20080090 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Prada, Francisco] UAM, CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Prada, Francisco] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain.
[Price-Whelan, Adrian M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Rebolo, Rafael] CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
[Riffel, Rogerio; Santiago, Basilio] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
[Robin, Annie C.; Schultheis, Mathias] Univ Franche Comte, Inst Utinam, OSU Theta, UMR CNRS 6213, F-25010 Besancon, France.
[Rockosi, Constance M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Sabiu, Cristiano G.] Korea Inst Adv Study, Sch Phys, Seoul 130722, South Korea.
[Schiavon, Ricardo P.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England.
[Schlesinger, Katharine J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
[Shen, Yue] Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA.
[Shetrone, Matthew] Univ Texas, Mcdonald Observ, TX 79734 USA.
[Slosar, Anze] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Sobeck, Jennifer S.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Sobeck, Jennifer S.] Univ Chicago, JINA, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Stassun, Keivan G.] Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37208 USA.
[Wake, David A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53703 USA.
[White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[White, Simon D. M.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Wisniewski, John P.] Univ Oklahoma, HL Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Wood-Vasey, W. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, PITT PACC, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Zhao, Gong-Bo] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.
RP Strauss, MA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RI Sobreira, Flavia/F-4168-2015; Croft, Rupert/N-8707-2014; Riffel,
Rogerio/I-5787-2013; More, Surhud/A-5049-2013; Zamora, Olga/M-1776-2014;
Filiz Ak, Nurten/C-9686-2015; Kneib, Jean-Paul/A-7919-2015; Guo,
Hong/J-5797-2015; White, Martin/I-3880-2015; Brandt,
William/N-2844-2015; Rocha-Pinto, Helio/C-2719-2008; Meszaros,
Szabolcs/N-2287-2014; EPFL, Physics/O-6514-2016;
OI Sobreira, Flavia/0000-0002-7822-0658; Croft, Rupert/0000-0003-0697-2583;
Riffel, Rogerio/0000-0002-1321-1320; More, Surhud/0000-0002-2986-2371;
Zamora, Olga/0000-0003-2100-1638; Filiz Ak, Nurten/0000-0003-3016-5490;
Kneib, Jean-Paul/0000-0002-4616-4989; Guo, Hong/0000-0003-4936-8247;
White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070; Brandt, William/0000-0002-0167-2453;
Meszaros, Szabolcs/0000-0001-8237-5209; Schmidt,
Sarah/0000-0002-7224-7702; Finley, Hayley/0000-0002-1216-8914; Cuesta
Vazquez, Antonio Jose/0000-0002-4153-9470; Fabbian,
Damian/0000-0002-0347-9243; Bovy, Jo/0000-0001-6855-442X; Roy,
Arpita/0000-0001-8127-5775; McMahon, Richard/0000-0001-8447-8869; Hogg,
David/0000-0003-2866-9403; Pepper, Joshua/0000-0002-3827-8417;
Cristiani, Stefano/0000-0002-2115-5234; Rubino-Martin, Jose
Alberto/0000-0001-5289-3021; Rahman, Mubdi/0000-0003-1842-6096;
Escoffier, Stephanie/0000-0002-2847-7498; Kirkby,
David/0000-0002-8828-5463; Fleming, Scott/0000-0003-0556-027X; Viel,
Matteo/0000-0002-2642-5707; Zhu, Guangtun/0000-0002-7574-8078; Beutler,
Florian/0000-0003-0467-5438
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science
Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office
of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group;
Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University
of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group;
Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan
State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University;
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for
Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New
Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University;
Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton
University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University
of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of
Washington; Yale University
FX SDSS-III DR10 makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky
Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and
the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of
Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
and the National Science Foundation.; SDSS-III DR10 makes use of data
products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint
project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration.; Funding for SDSS-III has
been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating
Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department
of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III Web site is
http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical
Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III
Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian
Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon
University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the
German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de
Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA
Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck
Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New
York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University,
University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish
Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt
University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale
University.
NR 74
TC 443
Z9 448
U1 9
U2 75
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
EI 1538-4365
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 211
IS 2
AR 17
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/211/2/17
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE5KT
UT WOS:000334028600001
ER
PT J
AU Bryan, GL
Norman, ML
O'Shea, BW
Abel, T
Wise, JH
Turk, MJ
Reynolds, DR
Collins, DC
Wang, P
Skillman, SW
Smith, B
Harkness, RP
Bordner, J
Kim, JH
Kuhlen, M
Xu, H
Goldbaum, N
Hummels, C
Kritsuk, AG
Tasker, E
Skory, S
Simpson, CM
Hahn, O
Oishi, JS
So, GC
Zhao, F
Cen, RY
Li, Y
AF Bryan, Greg L.
Norman, Michael L.
O'Shea, Brian W.
Abel, Tom
Wise, John H.
Turk, Matthew J.
Reynolds, Daniel R.
Collins, David C.
Wang, Peng
Skillman, Samuel W.
Smith, Britton
Harkness, Robert P.
Bordner, James
Kim, Ji-hoon
Kuhlen, Michael
Xu, Hao
Goldbaum, Nathan
Hummels, Cameron
Kritsuk, Alexei G.
Tasker, Elizabeth
Skory, Stephen
Simpson, Christine M.
Hahn, Oliver
Oishi, Jeffrey S.
So, Geoffrey C.
Zhao, Fen
Cen, Renyue
Li, Yuan
CA Enzo Collaboration
TI ENZO: AN ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT CODE FOR ASTROPHYSICS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrodynamics; methods: numerical
ID SMOOTHED-PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; TO-MOLECULAR TRANSITION; RADIATION
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS CODE; CONSERVATIVE DIFFERENCE SCHEME; PIECEWISE
PARABOLIC METHOD; POPULATION III STARS; N-BODY SIMULATIONS; LYMAN-ALPHA
FOREST; 2 SPACE DIMENSIONS; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS
AB This paper describes the open-source code Enzo, which uses block-structured adaptive mesh refinement to provide high spatial and temporal resolution for modeling astrophysical fluid flows. The code is Cartesian, can be run in one, two, and three dimensions, and supports a wide variety of physics including hydrodynamics, ideal and non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics, N-body dynamics (and, more broadly, self-gravity of fluids and particles), primordial gas chemistry, optically thin radiative cooling of primordial and metal-enriched plasmas (as well as some optically-thick cooling models), radiation transport, cosmological expansion, and models for star formation and feedback in a cosmological context. In addition to explaining the algorithms implemented, we present solutions for a wide range of test problems, demonstrate the code's parallel performance, and discuss the Enzo collaboration's code development methodology.
C1 [Bryan, Greg L.; Turk, Matthew J.; Li, Yuan] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Norman, Michael L.; Bordner, James; Xu, Hao; Kritsuk, Alexei G.; So, Geoffrey C.] Univ Calif San Diego, CASS, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Norman, Michael L.] Univ Calif San Diego, SDSC, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[O'Shea, Brian W.; Smith, Britton; Harkness, Robert P.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[O'Shea, Brian W.] Michigan State Univ, Lyman Briggs Coll, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[O'Shea, Brian W.] Michigan State Univ, Inst Cyber Enabled Res, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Abel, Tom; Wang, Peng; Skillman, Samuel W.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Abel, Tom; Zhao, Fen] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Wise, John H.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Reynolds, Daniel R.] So Methodist Univ, Dept Math, Dallas, TX 75205 USA.
[Collins, David C.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Wang, Peng] nVidia Inc, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Skillman, Samuel W.; Skory, Stephen] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Smith, Britton; Goldbaum, Nathan] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Harkness, Robert P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, NICS, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kim, Ji-hoon] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Kuhlen, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Theoret Astrophys Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hummels, Cameron] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Tasker, Elizabeth] Hokkaido Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan.
[Simpson, Christine M.] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Hahn, Oliver] ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Oishi, Jeffrey S.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Astrophys, New York, NY 10024 USA.
[Cen, Renyue] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Bryan, GL (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10025 USA.
RI Xu, Hao/B-8734-2014; Hahn, Oliver/A-7715-2015;
OI Xu, Hao/0000-0003-4084-9925; Hahn, Oliver/0000-0001-9440-1152; Reynolds,
Daniel/0000-0002-0911-7841; Bryan, Greg/0000-0003-2630-9228; Turk,
Matthew/0000-0002-5294-0198; Li, Yuan/0000-0001-5262-6150
FU National Science Foundation [AST-0407176, AST-0808398, AST0908740,
AST-0908819, AST0955300, AST-1008134, AST-1109570, AST-1009802,
AST-1102943, AST1106437, AST-1210890, AST-1211626, OCI-0832662,
OCI-0941373, PHY1104819]; Graduate Research Fellowship program; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration [NAGW-3152, NAG5-3923, NNX08AH26G,
NNX09AD80G, NNX12AH41G, NNX12AC98G, NNZ07-AG77G, NNG05GK10G,
ATP09-0094]; Chandra Theory [TM9-0008X]; Hubble Space Telescope Theory
Grant [HST-AR-10978.01]; Fermi Guest Investigator Program [21077];
Hubble Postdoctoral Fellowship through the Space Telescope Science
Institute [120-6370]; Department of Energy via the Los Alamos National
Laboratory (LANL) Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program;
LANL Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics; Los Alamos National
Laboratory Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship program
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]; DOE Computational Science Graduate Fellowship
[DE-FG02-97ER25308]; Canada's NSERC through the USRA and CGS programs;
Japan MEXT grant for the Tenure Track System; Kavli Institute for
Theoretical Physics at Santa Barbara; Aspen Center for Physics; UCLA
Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics; [AST-0407368];
[AST0507521]; [AST-0507717]; [AST-0507768]; [AST-0529734];
[AST-0607675]; [AST0702923]; [AST-0707474]; [AST-0708960];
[AST-0807075]; [AST-0807215]; [AST0808184]; [AAG-0808184];
[AAG1109008]; [ACI-9619019]; [ASC-9313135]; [AST-9803137];
[AST-0307690]
FX This work has been supported by the National Science Foundation by
grants AAG-0808184 (D.R.R.), AAG1109008 (D.R.R.), ACI-9619019 (M.L.N.),
ASC-9313135 M.L.N.), AST-9803137 (M.L.N.), AST-0307690 (M.L.N.),
AST-0407176 (R.C.), AST-0407368 (S.S., E.J.H.), AST0507521 (R.C.),
AST-0507717 (M.L.N.), AST-0507768 (A.G.K.), AST-0529734 (T.A.),
AST-0607675 (A.G.K.), AST0702923 (E.J.H.), AST-0707474 (B.D.S.),
AST-0708960 (M.L.N.), AST-0807075 (T.A.), AST-0807215 (J.B.), AST0808184
(M.L.N., A.G.K.), AST-0808398 (T.A.), AST0908740 (A.G.K., D.C.C.),
AST-0908819 (B.W.O.), AST0955300 (N.J.G.), AST-1008134 (G.B.),
AST-1109570 (A.G.K.), AST-1009802 (J.S.O.), AST-1102943 (M.L.N.),
AST1106437 (J.B.), AST-1210890 (G.B.), AST-1211626 (J.H.W.), OCI-0832662
(B.W.O., M.L.N.), OCI-0941373 (B.W.O.), PHY1104819 (M.L.N., J.B.), the
CI TraCS fellowship (OCI1048505; M.J.T.), and the Graduate Research
Fellowship program (N.J.G.; S.W.S.).; This work has been supported by
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through grants
NAGW-3152 (M.L.N.), NAG5-3923 (M.L.N.), NNX08AH26G (M.L.N., T.A.),
NNX09AD80G (B.W.O.), NNX12AH41G (G.B.), NNX12AC98G (B.W.O.), NNZ07-AG77G
(B.D.S.), NNG05GK10G (R.C.), and ATP09-0094 (S.V.L.); Chandra Theory
grant TM9-0008X (B.W.O.); Hubble Space Telescope Theory Grant
HST-AR-10978.01 (B.D.S.), the Fermi Guest Investigator Program (21077;
B.W.O.); and the Hubble Postdoctoral Fellowship through the Space
Telescope Science Institute, 120-6370 (J.H.W.).; This work has been
supported by the Department of Energy via the Los Alamos National
Laboratory (LANL) Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program
(B.W.O., D.C.C., H.X., S.W.S.), the LANL Institute for Geophysics and
Planetary Physics (B.W.O., D.C.C., C.P., B.C.), the Los Alamos National
Laboratory Director's Postdoctoral Fellowship program
(No.DE-AC52-06NA25396; B.W.O.and D.C.C.), and the DOE Computational
Science Graduate Fellowship (DE-FG02-97ER25308; S.W.S.); Additional
financial support for the Enzo code has come from Canada's NSERC through
the USRA and CGS programs (E.L.) and through a Japan MEXT grant for the
Tenure Track System (E.J.T.).; We acknowledge the many academic
institutions that have supported Enzo development, including (in
alphabetical order) Columbia University, Georgia Institute of
Technology, Michigan State University and the MSU Institute for
Cyber-Enabled Research, theNational Center for Supercomputing
Applications at the University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign, the
Pennsylvania State University, the San Diego Supercomputer Center at US
San Diego (through the Strategic Applications Partner program and the
Director's office), Princeton University, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, the SLAC/Stanford Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics
and Cosmology, Southern Methodist University, Stanford University, the
Texas Advanced Computing Center at the University of Texas, the
University of Arizona, the University of California at San Diego, the
University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Colorado at
Boulder and the Janus supercomputing collaboration, the University of
Florida, and the University of Illinois.We acknowledge support from the
Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics at Santa Barbara, the Aspen
Center for Physics, and the UCLA Institute for Pure and Applied
Mathematics, which have generously hosted Enzo developers through their
conference and workshop programs.
NR 201
TC 152
Z9 152
U1 0
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
EI 1538-4365
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 211
IS 2
AR 19
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/211/2/19
PG 52
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE5KT
UT WOS:000334028600003
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, YL
Xia, T
Yu, KM
Zhang, FH
Yang, H
Liu, BY
An, Y
Yin, YS
Chen, XB
AF Zhang, Yuliang
Xia, Ting
Yu, Kin Man
Zhang, Fuhua
Yang, Heng
Liu, Boyang
An, Yan
Yin, Yansheng
Chen, Xiaobo
TI Facile Synthesis of [Cu(SCH3)](infinity) Nanowires with High Charge
Mobility
SO CHEMPLUSCHEM
LA English
DT Article
DE conducting materials; copper; hydrothermal synthesis; nanostructures;
polymers
ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; P-TYPE; COPPER(I);
CU; COMPLEXES; TRANSPORT; NANOCRYSTALS; OLIGOMERS; LIGANDS
AB [Cu(SCH3)] nanowires with lengths on the order of hundreds of micrometers were obtained with a facile method from the reaction of Cu(NO3)(2)3H(2)O, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and water under hydrothermal conditions within a large range of DMSO/water ratios and at various temperatures. These highly crystalline, thermally stable (under vacuum) nanowires are p-type conducting and have a hole mobility as high as 2cm(2)V(-1)S(-1), which is 10(2)-10(5)times higher than previously reported values. The high hole mobility may demonstrate their promising future in various electronic-device applications.
C1 [Zhang, Yuliang; Zhang, Fuhua; Yang, Heng; Liu, Boyang; An, Yan; Yin, Yansheng] Shanghai Maritime Univ, Inst Marine Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yuliang; Xia, Ting; Chen, Xiaobo] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
[Yu, Kin Man] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zhang, YL (reprint author), Shanghai Maritime Univ, Inst Marine Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China.
EM ylzhang@shmtu.edu.cn; chenxiaobo@umkc.edu
RI Zhang, Fuhua/A-7462-2015
OI Zhang, Fuhua/0000-0001-9489-2422
FU College of Arts and Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, the
University of Missouri Research Board; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [21071096, 51003057]; "973" project [2014CB643306];
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences
and Engineering Division, of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX X.C. is thankful for support from the College of Arts and Sciences,
University of Missouri-Kansas City, the University of Missouri Research
Board, and acknowledges the generous gift from Dow Kokam. Y.Z. thanks
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 21071096,
51003057) and Y.Y. thanks "973" project (no. 2014CB643306) for their
financial support. Studies performed at LBNL were supported by the
Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials
Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. DOE under contract no.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 7
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 2192-6506
J9 CHEMPLUSCHEM
JI ChemPlusChem
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 79
IS 4
BP 559
EP 563
DI 10.1002/cplu.201300415
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AE6OU
UT WOS:000334114200010
ER
PT J
AU Ma, B
Wang, GH
Magnotti, G
Barlow, RS
Long, MB
AF Ma, Bin
Wang, Guanghua
Magnotti, Gaetano
Barlow, Robert S.
Long, Marshall B.
TI Intensity-ratio and color-ratio thin-filament pyrometry: Uncertainties
and accuracy
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Thin-filament pyrometry; Temperature measurement; Temperature
uncertainty and accuracy
ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; DIFFUSION FLAMES; TEMPERATURE; CAMERA
AB Thin-filament pyrometry (TFP) has been proven to be a useful approach to measure flame temperature. It involves placing a thin filament (SiC fiber typically) in hot gases and inferring the gas temperature from the radiance of the glowing filament. The TFP approach offers simplicity and low cost, and it is useful in situations where other techniques are difficult to apply, such as high-pressure environments. In this paper, some recent developments of TFP are discussed. The physical backgrounds of two TFP approaches, namely the intensity-ratio approach and the color-ratio approach, are reviewed along with the required radiation correction. Several sources of error, such as the fiber aging behavior (fiber properties varying with time), spectral emissivity and calibration, have been investigated. Measurements in well-calibrated laminar flames show very good agreement with reference temperatures based on N-2 coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) measurements. Uncertainty analysis has also been performed and provides insights on improving TFP measurement accuracy. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ma, Bin; Long, Marshall B.] Yale Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Wang, Guanghua] GE Global Res Ctr, Niskayuna, NY USA.
[Magnotti, Gaetano; Barlow, Robert S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Ma, B (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
EM bin.ma@yale.edu
OI Wang, Guanghua/0000-0002-6313-663X; Ma, Bin/0000-0002-2837-1116;
Magnotti, Gaetano/0000-0002-1723-5258
FU DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences; NASA; GE Global Research
[DE-FG02-88ER13966, NNC04AA03A]; GE Research Gift [50952A]
FX The research was supported by the DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences
(Dr. Wade Sisk, contract monitor), NASA (Dr. Dennis Stocker, contract
monitor) and GE Global Research under contracts DE-FG02-88ER13966,
NNC04AA03A, and GE Research Gift 50952A, respectively.
NR 15
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
EI 1556-2921
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 161
IS 4
BP 908
EP 916
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.10.014
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AE6IC
UT WOS:000334092800005
ER
PT J
AU Meeks, K
Pantoya, ML
Apblett, C
AF Meeks, Kelsey
Pantoya, Michelle L.
Apblett, Christopher
TI Deposition and characterization of energetic thin films
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermites; Reactive coatings; Doctor blade casting; Energetic materials;
Flame velocities; Heat of combustion
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; PROPAGATION; COMPOSITES; COMBUSTION; AL/MOO3;
OUTPUT; AL/CUO
AB A new approach for depositing thin energetic films is introduced using doctor blade casting. Magnesium (Mg) and manganese dioxide (MnO2) is mixed with a solvent that includes a binder and is blade cast onto a foil substrate. This study investigated the effect of binder chemistry and concentration on combustion behavior. The Mg-MnO2 system was studied in the following binder-solvent systems: Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) - Methyl Pyrrolidone (NMP); Viton (R) fluoroelastorner (Viton A) - acetone; and, paraffin-xylene. Films were cast onto substrates to approximately 100 gm thickness. Calorific output and flame velocity were measured for varying binder concentration. Calorific output increased with increasing binder concentration, to a maximum of 4.0 kJ/g, suggesting participation of the binder in the exothermic reaction. Flame velocity decreased with increasing binder concentration, with a maximum of 0.14 m/s. Binders are less conductive than metals and metal oxides thereby hindering the energy propagation with increasing binder content. Confined flame propagation tests were also conducted for the NMP/Mg-MnO2-PVDF system, with a maximum recorded flame velocity of 3.5 m/s. High velocity imaging shows considerable differences in flame front, which may suggest a transition in propagation mechanism accounting for the observed increase in flame velocity. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Meeks, Kelsey; Pantoya, Michelle L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Apblett, Christopher] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Pantoya, ML (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 7th & Boston Ave, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM kel.meeks@ttu.edu; michelle.pantoya@ttu.edu; caapble@sandia.gov
FU Sandia National Laboratories; Army Research Office [W911NF-11-1-0439]
FX The authors are grateful for the financial support of Sandia National
Laboratories. K. Meeks acknowledges Ms. Christine White of Sandia
National Laboratory for her support with the calorific output
measurements, Mr. Pat Ball for his assistance with the flame velocity
setup and Mr. Alex Tappan for his input on various parts of the project.
The authors K. Meeks and M.L. Pantoya are grateful for additional
support by the Army Research Office under Contract Number
W911NF-11-1-0439 and encouragement by our program manager, Dr. Ralph
Anthenien.
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
EI 1556-2921
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 161
IS 4
BP 1117
EP 1124
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.10.027
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AE6IC
UT WOS:000334092800024
ER
PT J
AU Yang, M
Mallick, B
Mudring, AV
AF Yang, Mei
Mallick, Bert
Mudring, Anja-Verena
TI A Systematic Study on the Mesomorphic Behavior of Asymmetrical
1-Alkyl-3-dodecylimidazolium Bromides
SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
ID IONIC LIQUID-CRYSTALS; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; SOLAR-CELLS; SALTS;
CATION; CATALYSIS
AB To determine the essential parameters for mesophase formation in imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs), a library of 1-alkyl-3-dodecylimidazolium bromides was synthesized, abbreviated as CnCl2, where 0 <= n <= 13, as the general notion is that a dodecyl side chain would guarantee the formation of an ionic liquid crystal (ILC). All salts were fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Their thermal properties were recorded, and mesophase formation was assessed. An odd even effect is observed for 5 <= n <= 10 in the temperatures of melting transitions. While the majority of this series, as expected, formed mesophases, surprisingly compounds C2C12 and C6C12 could not be classified as ILCs, the latter being a room temperature IL, while C2C12 is a crystalline solid with melting point at 37 degrees C. The single crystal structure of compound 1-ethyl-3-dodecylimidazolium bromide (C2C12) was successfully obtained. Remarkably, the arrangement of imidazolium cores in the structure is very complicated due to multiple nonclassical hydrogen bonds between bromide anions and imidazolium head groups. In this arrangement, neighboring imidazolium rings are forced by hydrogen bonds to form a "face-to-face" conformation. This seems to be responsible for the elimination of a mesophase. To conclude, the general view of a dodecyl chain being a functional group to generate a mesophase is not entirely valid.
C1 [Yang, Mei; Mallick, Bert; Mudring, Anja-Verena] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Chem & Biochem, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
[Mudring, Anja-Verena] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Mudring, Anja-Verena] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Mudring, AV (reprint author), Ruhr Univ Bochum, Fak Chem & Biochem, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
EM anja.mudring@ruhr-uni-bochum.de
FU German Science Foundation DFG [1191]; DFG Cluster of Excellence RESOLV;
DESY (Deutsches Elektronensynchrotron) [I-20100011]
FX This work was supported by the German Science Foundation DFG through the
priority program 1191"Ionic Liquids", the DFG Cluster of Excellence
RESOLV, and the DESY (Deutsches Elektronensynchrotron Proposal No.
I-20100011). We thank Dr. Sergio Funari for support during the SAXS
measurements and thank Dr. P. Campbell for helpful comments.
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 18
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1528-7483
EI 1528-7505
J9 CRYST GROWTH DES
JI Cryst. Growth Des.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1561
EP 1571
DI 10.1021/cg401396n
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science
GA AE4JF
UT WOS:000333948000010
ER
PT J
AU Ferrier, M
Roques, J
Poineau, F
Sattelberger, AP
Unger, J
Czerwinski, KR
AF Ferrier, Maryline
Roques, Jerome
Poineau, Frederic
Sattelberger, Alfred P.
Unger, Jeremy
Czerwinski, Kenneth R.
TI Speciation of Technetium in Sulfuric Acid/Hydrogen Sulfide Solutions
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Technetium; Sulfides; Speciation; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; Density
functional calculations
ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; FINE-STRUCTURE; MEDIA;
COMPLEXES; IMMOBILIZATION; CHEMISTRY
AB The reaction between Tc-VII and H2S(g) in 12 M H2SO4 has been studied. This reaction produced a black solid and a brown supernate. The solid was analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy and the results were consistent with the presence of Tc2S7. The speciation of technetium in the supernate was performed by UV/Visible and XAFS spectroscopy. Experiments showed that in 12 M H2SO4 an intermediate Tc-V sulfate complex was formed. Analysis indicated that the final complex present in solution was a polymeric species with a Tc-O-Tc core coordinated to sulfate ligands. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations showed that the proposed complexes were stable and that the theoretical structure was in good agreement with XAFS data.
C1 [Ferrier, Maryline; Poineau, Frederic; Sattelberger, Alfred P.; Unger, Jeremy; Czerwinski, Kenneth R.] UNLV, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
[Roques, Jerome] Univ Paris 11, IPN Orsay, F-91406 Orsay, France.
[Sattelberger, Alfred P.] Argonne Natl Lab, Energy Engn & Syst Anal Directorate, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
RP Ferrier, M (reprint author), UNLV, Dept Chem, 4505 S Maryland Pkwy,Box 454009, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
EM maryline.ferrier@gmail.com
FU Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP) grant from the United States
Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Nuclear Energy (INL/BEA, LLC)
[00129169, DE-AC07-05ID14517]; DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; University of
Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV)
FX Funding for this research was provided by a Nuclear Energy University
Program (NEUP) grant from the United States Department of Energy (DOE),
Office of Nuclear Energy (INL/BEA, LLC, 00129169), agreement number
DE-AC07-05ID14517. Use of the Advanced Photon Source (APS), an Office of
Science User Facility operated for the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the
DOE under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors thank Julie
Bertoia and Trevor Low for outstanding laboratory management and health
physics support at University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV). The authors
further thank Dr. Sungsik Lee and Dr. Benjamin Reihnart for outstanding
technical support during EXAFS experiments at the APS facility beamline
12-BM. Further thanks go to William M. Kerlin for help with the sulfide
measurement.
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 25
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1434-1948
EI 1099-0682
J9 EUR J INORG CHEM
JI Eur. J. Inorg. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 2014
IS 12
BP 2046
EP 2052
DI 10.1002/ejic.201301410
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA AF0IE
UT WOS:000334396700004
ER
PT J
AU Vasco, DW
Daley, TM
Bakulin, A
AF Vasco, D. W.
Daley, Thomas M.
Bakulin, Andrey
TI Utilizing the onset of time-lapse changes: a robust basis for reservoir
monitoring and characterization
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Inverse theory; Hydrogeophysics; Hydrology; Permeability and porosity;
Seismic tomography
ID INFILTRATING RIVER WATER; CO2 INJECTION; SURFACE DEFORMATION; FLOW
PROPERTIES; TRAVEL-TIMES; SEISMIC DATA; AQUIFER CHARACTERIZATION;
INDUCED MICROSEISMICITY; SAR INTERFEROMETRY; GEOTHERMAL-FIELD
AB Time-lapse monitoring is useful for imaging changes in geophysical attributes due to fluid flow. In trying to use time-lapse data for reservoir characterization, difficulties often arise when relating changes in geophysical observations to changes in fluid saturation and pressure. As an alternative approach for reservoir monitoring and characterization, we introduce the idea of an onset time, the time at which a measured quantity, such as a seismic traveltime or a reflection amplitude, begins to deviate from its background value. We illustrate the idea and demonstrate its utility through the consideration of traveltimes recorded by the continuous active source seismic monitoring system at the Frio pilot site near Houston, Texas. The system, which transmits an elastic wave every 15 min, is used to monitor the movement of carbon dioxide injected into a permeable sand formation. From these data we can estimate the onset of changes in seismic traveltimes to six receivers in an adjacent borehole. Numerical simulation and synthetic tests indicate that the onset times are not very sensitive to the method used to compute the effective fluid bulk modulus and, correspondingly, the seismic compressional velocity. Rather, the onset times are strongly influenced by saturation changes within the formation, specifically by the break-through time of the injected fluid phase. By means of an iterative inversion algorithm we use the onset times to estimate permeability variations between the boreholes at the Frio pilot site.
C1 [Vasco, D. W.; Daley, Thomas M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bakulin, Andrey] Saudi Aramco, EXPEC Adv Res Ctr, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia.
RP Vasco, DW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM dwvasco@lbl.gov
RI Daley, Thomas/G-3274-2015; Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016; Vasco,
Donald/G-3696-2015
OI Daley, Thomas/0000-0001-9445-0843; Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628;
Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628
FU Saudi Aramco; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05-CH11231]; Office of
Basic Energy Sciences; GEOSEQ project for the Assistant Secretary for
Fossil Energy, Office of Coal and Power Systems, through the National
Energy Technology Laboratory of the US Department of Energy
FX Work performed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was supported by
Saudi Aramco and by the US Department of Energy under contract number
DE-AC02-05-CH11231, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and the GEOSEQ
project for the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Office of Coal
and Power Systems, through the National Energy Technology Laboratory of
the US Department of Energy.
NR 98
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 16
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 197
IS 1
BP 542
EP 556
DI 10.1093/gji/ggt526
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE6JG
UT WOS:000334096600035
ER
PT J
AU Ivanshin, VA
Litvinova, TO
Sukhanov, AA
Ivanshin, NA
Jia, S
Bud'ko, SL
Canfieldd, PC
AF Ivanshin, V. A.
Litvinova, T. O.
Sukhanov, A. A.
Ivanshin, N. A.
Jia, S.
Bud'ko, S. L.
Canfield, P. C.
TI Dual nature of electron spin resonance in YbCo2Zn20 intermetallic
compound
SO JETP LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY-FERMION COMPOUNDS; PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; METALS; IONS
AB In single crystals of YbCo2Zn20 intermetallic compound, two coexisting types of electron spin resonance signals related to the localized magnetic moments of cobalt and to itinerant electrons have been observed in the 4.2-300 K temperature range. It is shown that the relative contribution of itinerant electrons to the total magnetization does not exceed 9%. We argue that the electron dynamics in YbCo2Zn20 and YbCuAl heavy fermion systems is determined by the effects produced by the magnetic subsystem of the localized 3d-electrons. We also discuss general aspects of the electron spin resonance spectroscopy in underdoped ytterbium-based intermetallics and the spectral manifestations of the interplay between the efficiency of the hybridization of f-electrons with the electrons filling outer atomic shells, crystal field effects, and the effects related to the proximity to the quantum critical point.
C1 [Ivanshin, V. A.; Litvinova, T. O.] Kazan Volga Reg Fed Univ, Kazan 420111, Russia.
[Sukhanov, A. A.] Russian Acad Sci, Kazan Sci Ctr, Zavoisky Phys Tech Inst, Kazan 420029, Russia.
[Ivanshin, N. A.] Kazan State Univ Architecture & Engn, Kazan 420043, Russia.
[Jia, S.; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, US Dept Energy, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Jia, S.; Bud'ko, S. L.; Canfield, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Ivanshin, VA (reprint author), Kazan Volga Reg Fed Univ, Ul Kremlevskaya 41b, Kazan 420111, Russia.
EM Vladimir.Ivanshin@kpfu.ru
RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014; Sukhanov, Andrey/M-7814-2016
OI Sukhanov, Andrey/0000-0001-8927-3715
FU Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Deinst (DAAD, German Academic Exchange
Service)
FX We are very grateful to G. R. Bulka for the assistance in the
identification of the crystallographic planes in the sample. V. A.
Ivanshin is grateful to Z. Seidov and H.-A. Krug von Nidda for the
technical support in reproducing some ESR experiments using the
facilities provided by the Augsburg University, Germany, in the
framework of the project supported by the scholarship of Deutscher
Akademischer Austausch Deinst (DAAD, German Academic Exchange Service).
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 14
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 0021-3640
EI 1090-6487
J9 JETP LETT+
JI Jetp Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 99
IS 3
BP 153
EP 157
DI 10.1134/S0021364014030096
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AF0VL
UT WOS:000334432200009
ER
PT J
AU Ciesielski, PE
Yu, HJ
Johnson, RH
Yoneyama, K
Katsumata, M
Long, CN
Wang, JH
Loehrer, SM
Young, K
Williams, SF
Brown, W
Braun, J
Van Hove, T
AF Ciesielski, Paul E.
Yu, Hungjui
Johnson, Richard H.
Yoneyama, Kunio
Katsumata, Masaki
Long, Charles N.
Wang, Junhong
Loehrer, Scot M.
Young, Kathryn
Williams, Steven F.
Brown, William
Braun, John
Van Hove, Teresa
TI Quality-Controlled Upper-Air Sounding Dataset for DYNAMO/CINDY/AMIE:
Development and Corrections
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Data quality control; Radiosonde observations; Aircraft observations;
Global positioning systems (GPS); Surface observations
ID PRECIPITABLE WATER-VAPOR; RADIATION DRY BIAS; TOGA COARE; HUMIDITY DATA;
RADIOSONDE; GPS; OCEAN; ALGORITHM; NETWORK; SENSOR
AB The upper-air sounding network for Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) has provided an unprecedented set of observations for studying the MJO over the Indian Ocean, where coupling of this oscillation with deep convection first occurs. With 72 rawinsonde sites and dropsonde data from 13 aircraft missions, the sounding network covers the tropics from eastern Africa to the western Pacific. In total nearly 26 000 soundings were collected from this network during the experiment's 6-month extended observing period (from October 2011 to March 2012). Slightly more than half of the soundings, collected from 33 sites, are at high vertical resolution. Rigorous post-field phase processing of the sonde data included several levels of quality checks and a variety of corrections that address a number of issues (e.g., daytime dry bias, baseline surface data errors, ship deck heating effects, and artificial dry spikes in slow-ascent soundings).
Because of the importance of an accurate description of the moisture field in meeting the scientific goals of the experiment, particular attention is given to humidity correction and its validation. The humidity corrections, though small relative to some previous field campaigns, produced high-fidelity moisture analyses in which sonde precipitable water compared well with independent estimates. An assessment of operational model moisture analyses using corrected sonde data shows an overall good agreement with the exception at upper levels, where model moisture and clouds are more abundant than the sonde data would indicate.
C1 [Ciesielski, Paul E.; Yu, Hungjui; Johnson, Richard H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Yoneyama, Kunio; Katsumata, Masaki] Japanese Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
[Long, Charles N.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Wang, Junhong] SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Wang, Junhong; Loehrer, Scot M.; Young, Kathryn; Williams, Steven F.; Brown, William] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Braun, John; Van Hove, Teresa] Univ Corp Atmospheric Res, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Ciesielski, PE (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 1371 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM paulc@atmos.colostate.edu
FU WMO; JMA; National Science Foundation [AGS-1059899, AGS-1138353]; Office
of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the ARM program;
Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the
Atmospheric System Research (ASR) program
FX The success of the sounding operations for DYNAMO is due to countless
students, staff, and scientists from many agencies and universities in
Japan, Taiwan, the Maldives, and the United States. In particular, we
thank the Maldivian Meteorological Service for their unfailing help
during field operations. We also acknowledge support from Pay-Liam Lin
of National Central University, and Ben Jong-Dao Jou and Po-Hsuing Lin
of National Taiwan University for their assistance with supporting
equipment and student staffing at Male. Enhancement of sounding
operations at Seychelles, Nairobi, and Colombo were made possible by
local staff collaborations as well as financial assistance from the WMO
and JMA. We greatly appreciate the efforts of Jim Moore and his team at
NCAR EOL for their guidance and logistical support of sounding
operations during the experiment. We also thank Eric DeWeaver and Brad
Smull of the National Science Foundation for supporting sounding
operations at Male, Wayne Schubert and Rick Taft for the several
insightful discussions; Holger Vomel and Ruud Dirksen for making
available the GRUAN-corrected Vaisala data; John Forsythe and Stan
Kidder for providing the MIRS PW data; ECMWF for making available its
operational analyses; and the WMO for allowing us to use its eighth
sonde intercomparison dataset. Finally, special appreciation is extended
to Chidong Zhang for his exceptional efforts in orchestrating and
implementing DYNAMO. This research has been supported by the National
Science Foundation under Grants AGS-1059899 and AGS-1138353. Dr. Long
acknowledges support from the Office of Science of the U.S. Department
of Energy as part of the ARM and Atmospheric System Research (ASR)
programs.
NR 43
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 31
IS 4
BP 741
EP 764
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00165.1
PG 24
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AE6XX
UT WOS:000334142400001
ER
PT J
AU Aitken, ML
Banta, RM
Pichugina, YL
Lundquist, JK
AF Aitken, Matthew L.
Banta, Robert M.
Pichugina, Yelena L.
Lundquist, Julie K.
TI Quantifying Wind Turbine Wake Characteristics from Scanning Remote
Sensor Data
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Inverse methods; Renewable energy; Field experiments; Stochastic models;
Wind; Remote sensing
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; DOPPLER LIDAR; COMPLEX TERRAIN; POWER DEFICITS; FLOW;
FARMS; MODEL; SPEED; DISTRIBUTIONS; DISPERSION
AB Because of the dense arrays at most wind farms, the region of disturbed flow downstream of an individual turbine leads to reduced power production and increased structural loading for its leeward counterparts. Currently, wind farm wake modeling, and hence turbine layout optimization, suffers from an unacceptable degree of uncertainty, largely because of a lack of adequate experimental data for model validation. Accordingly, nearly 100 h of wake measurements were collected with long-range Doppler lidar at the National Wind Technology Center at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in the Turbine Wake and Inflow Characterization Study (TWICS). This study presents quantitative procedures for determining critical parameters from this extensive dataset-such as the velocity deficit, the size of the wake boundary, and the location of the wake centerline-and categorizes the results by ambient wind speed, turbulence, and atmospheric stability. Despite specific reference to lidar, the methodology is general and could be applied to extract wake characteristics from other remote sensor datasets, as well as computational simulation output.
The observations indicate an initial velocity deficit of 50%-60% immediately behind the turbine, which gradually declines to 15%-25% at a downwind distance x of 6.5 rotor diameters (D). The wake expands with downstream distance, albeit less so in the vertical direction due to the presence of the ground: initially the same size as the rotor, the extent of the wake grows to 2.7D (1.2D) in the horizontal (vertical) at x = 6.5D. Moreover, the vertical location of the wake center shifts upward with downstream distance because of the tilt of the rotor.
C1 [Aitken, Matthew L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Banta, Robert M.; Pichugina, Yelena L.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Pichugina, Yelena L.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lundquist, Julie K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lundquist, Julie K.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Aitken, ML (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, 390 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM matthew.aitken@colorado.edu
RI Banta, Robert/B-8361-2008; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI LUNDQUIST, JULIE/0000-0001-5490-2702
FU U.S. Department of Energy's Wind and Hydropower Technologies program
FX It is our distinct pleasure to thank Alan Brewer, Raul Alvarez, and
Scott Sandberg at NOAA for their efforts in collecting, processing, and
interpreting the HRDL data. Much credit goes to Kelley Hestmark, a
recent graduate of the University of Colorado Boulder, for her
assistance with the initial data analysis. We are also immensely
grateful for the help of Michael Ritzwoller and Balaji Rajagopalan at
the University of Colorado Boulder, who both graciously offered
indispensable advice regarding parameter estimation and inverse
problems. Many thanks also to Andrew Clifton at NREL for his
encouragement and valuable suggestions, to Neil Kelley for helping
design the experiment, and to Jeffrey Mirocha at Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory for technical management of the project. We greatly
appreciate the staff of the turbine manufacturer for its facilitation of
observational periods. This work benefited greatly from anonymous
reviewer comments and was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy's
Wind and Hydropower Technologies program, under the direction of the
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
NR 56
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 5
U2 31
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 31
IS 4
BP 765
EP 787
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00104.1
PG 23
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AE6XX
UT WOS:000334142400002
ER
PT J
AU Van Brunt, E
Agarwal, A
Burk, A
Cheng, L
O'Loughlin, M
Palmour, J
Suvorov, A
AF Van Brunt, Edward
Agarwal, Anant
Burk, Al
Cheng, Lin
O'Loughlin, Michael
Palmour, John
Suvorov, Alexander
TI A Comparison of the Microwave Photoconductivity Decay and Open-Circuit
Voltage Decay Lifetime Measurement Techniques for Lifetime-Enhanced
4H-SiC Epilayers
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Silicon carbide; minority carrier lifetime; lifetime measurement;
lifetime enhancement
ID CARRIER LIFETIME; DIODES
AB This work compares the optical microwave photoconductivity decay (mu PCD) and electrical open-circuit voltage decay (OCVD) techniques for measuring the ambipolar carrier lifetime in 4H-silicon carbide (4H-SiC) epitaxial layers. Lifetime measurements were carried out by fabricating P+/intrinsic/N+ (PiN) diodes on 100-mu m-thick, 1 x 10(14) cm(-3) to 4.5 x 10(14) cm(-3) doped N-type 4 H-SiC epilayers, and measuring the lifetime optically using mu PCD prior to metallization, then electrically using OCVD after contact deposition. Both as-grown epilayers as well as epilayers with improved lifetime (via thermal oxidation) were measured using both techniques. The observed ambipolar lifetime was improved from 1.4 mu s on an unenhanced wafer to 4 mu s on a wafer enhanced through the oxidation process as measured by mu PCD. Little difference was observed between the mu PCD and OCVD measurements on the unenhanced wafer; the ambipolar lifetime on the enhanced wafer measured by OCVD was approximately 5.5 mu s, or 1.5 mu s higher than the mu PCD measurement. Continuous evaluation of the OCVD transient waveform was necessary due to the high lifetime in the enhanced wafer; shunt resistances included to discharge the P+/N junction capacitance were found to damp the OCVD response and yield low values for the measured lifetime. Simulation of the mu PCD measurement including various surface recombination conditions yielded a good match to experimentally observed mu PCD measurements for high values of the surface recombination velocity. The OCVD lifetime measurement technique is expected to yield measured lifetime values closer to the physical value due to its independence from surface conditions, provided that the experimental conditions are appropriately chosen.
C1 [Van Brunt, Edward; Burk, Al; Cheng, Lin; O'Loughlin, Michael; Palmour, John; Suvorov, Alexander] Cree Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA.
[Agarwal, Anant] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
RP Van Brunt, E (reprint author), Cree Inc, 4600 Silicon Dr, Durham, NC 27703 USA.
EM edward.vanbrunt@cree.com
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
EI 1543-186X
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 4
BP 809
EP 813
DI 10.1007/s11664-013-2836-0
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA AE7MR
UT WOS:000334182700001
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, LQ
Chen, CY
Jia, HF
Ling, C
Banerjee, D
Phillips, JD
Wang, YQ
AF Zhou, Li Qin
Chen, Chihyu
Jia, Hongfei
Ling, Chen
Banerjee, Debasish
Phillips, Jamie D.
Wang, Yongqiang
TI Oxygen Incorporation in ZnTeO Alloys via Molecular Beam Epitaxy
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE ZnTeO; highly mismatched alloy; oxygen defect; molecular beam; epitaxy
ID PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES; NITROGEN INCORPORATION; SOLAR-CELLS;
EFFICIENCY; PRESSURE; LATTICE
AB Highly mismatched ZnTeO alloys were grown by molecular beam epitaxy under various oxygen partial pressures (10(-7) Torr, 10(-6) Torr, and 10(-5) Torr). Despite this large variation in oxygen partial pressure, there was almost no change in the concentration of incorporated oxygen. However, increasing the oxygen partial pressure significantly enhanced the photoluminescence of the oxygen-related transition at 1.9 eV. The evolution of lattice constants, as determined by high-resolution x-ray diffraction, appeared to follow Vegard's law for ideal substitutional alloys for ZnTeO films prepared at 10(-7) Torr and 10(-6) Torr, while a pronounced deviation occurred at 10(-5) Torr. Channeling nuclear reaction analysis further revealed the complexity of oxygen incorporation, as no significant shadowing was observed from the epitaxial films. The evidence suggests that the oxygen location in ZnTeO is more complicated than O-Te substitutional defects in a homogeneous solid solution, and that the configuration of the oxygen dopant might play an important role in the band structure and optical properties of the alloys.
C1 [Zhou, Li Qin; Jia, Hongfei; Ling, Chen; Banerjee, Debasish] Toyota Res Inst North Amer, Mat Res Dept, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Chen, Chihyu; Phillips, Jamie D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Wang, Yongqiang] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Ion Beam Mat Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Zhou, LQ (reprint author), Toyota Res Inst North Amer, Mat Res Dept, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM hongfei.jia@tema.toyota.com; jphilli@umich.edu
RI Phillips, Jamie/E-9394-2010
FU US Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated
Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility operated jointly by
Los Alamos and Sandia National Laboratories. Los Alamos National
Laboratory, an affirmative action equal opportunity employer, is
operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear
Security Administration of the US Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
EI 1543-186X
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 4
BP 889
EP 893
DI 10.1007/s11664-013-2960-x
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA AE7MR
UT WOS:000334182700015
ER
PT J
AU Ma, TH
Li, CJ
Lu, ZM
AF Ma, Tuhua
Li, Changjiang
Lu, Zhiming
TI Estimating the average concentration of minor and trace elements in
surficial sediments using fractal methods
SO JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Fractal distribution; Fractal averaging; Minor and trace elements;
Censored data; Environmental geochemistry
ID COMPOSITIONAL DATA-ANALYSIS; CONTINENTAL-CRUST; GEOCHEMICAL ANOMALIES;
CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; DETECTION LIMITS; DATA SETS; DISTRIBUTIONS;
STATISTICS; SEPARATION; CHINA
AB The methods chosen to calculate the average value of the concentration for any geochemical element should depend on the probability distribution of the element abundance data. In this study, a fractal-based method was introduced to estimate the mean concentrations of geochemical elements that follow fractal frequency distributions. The fractal-based method has been tested on two abundance datasets for Ag, As, Au, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ce, Cr, and U from 529 floodplain sediment samples in China and from 10,927 stream sediment samples in Zhejiang Province, China. We compared the fractal method with other methods, including the arithmetic averaging, geometric averaging, and median, and found that there exist large discrepancies among these averages. The results show that the average calculated using the fractal-based method is always smaller than the arithmetic average and also generally smaller than the geometric mean and the median. The discrepancies may be attributed to the fact that the datasets follow a fractal distribution rather than a normal or a lognormal distribution. This study indicates that calculated arithmetic mean, geometric mean, or median may overestimate the average concentrations for elements that follow a fractal distribution. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ma, Tuhua; Li, Changjiang] Zhejiang Informat Ctr Land & Resources, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Zhiming] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp EES 16, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Li, CJ (reprint author), Zhejiang Informat Ctr Land & Resources, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
EM zjigmr@mail.hz.zj.cn; Zhiming@lanl.gov
OI Lu, Zhiming/0000-0001-5800-3368
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-6742
EI 1879-1689
J9 J GEOCHEM EXPLOR
JI J. Geochem. Explor.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 139
SI SI
BP 207
EP 216
DI 10.1016/j.gexplo.2013.08.008
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AF1NK
UT WOS:000334480400022
ER
PT J
AU Anselmino, M
Boglione, M
Gonzalez, HJO
Melis, S
Prokudin, A
AF Anselmino, M.
Boglione, M.
Gonzalez, J. O. H.
Melis, S.
Prokudin, A.
TI Unpolarised transverse momentum dependent distribution and fragmentation
functions from SIDIS multiplicities
SO JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Phenomenological Models; QCD Phenomenology
ID DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING; SPIN PRODUCTION ASYMMETRIES; HARD-SCATTERING;
EVOLUTION; HADRONS
AB The unpolarised transverse momentum dependent distribution and fragmentation functions are extracted from HERMES and COMPASS experimental measurements of SIDIS multiplicities for charged hadron production. The data are grouped into independent bins of the kinematical variables, in which the TMD factorisation is expected to hold. A simple factorised functional form of the TMDs is adopted, with a Gaussian dependence on the intrinsic transverse momentum, which turns out to be quite adequate in shape. HERMES data do not need any normalisation correction, while fits of the COMPASS data much improve with a y - dependent overall normalisation factor. A comparison of the extracted TMDs with previous EMC and JLab data confirms the adequacy of the simple Gaussian distributions. The possible role of the TMD evolution is briefly considered.
C1 [Anselmino, M.; Boglione, M.; Melis, S.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Teor, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
[Anselmino, M.; Boglione, M.; Gonzalez, J. O. H.; Melis, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
[Prokudin, A.] Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Anselmino, M (reprint author), Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Teor, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
EM anselmino@to.infn.it; boglione@to.infn.it; joghdr@gmail.com;
melis@to.infn.it; prokudin@jlab.gov
OI Boglione, Mariaelena/0000-0002-3647-1731; Melis,
Stefano/0000-0001-7316-4346; Anselmino, Mauro/0000-0003-0900-8001
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-06OR23177]; European Community
[283286]; Progetto di Ricerca Ateneo/CSP [TO-Call3-2012-0103]
FX A. P. work is supported by U.S. Department of Energy Contract No.
DE-AC05-06OR23177.; M.A. and M. B. acknowledge support from the European
Community under the FP7 "Capacities - Research Infrastructures" program
(HadronPhysics3, Grant Agreement 283286).; M.A, M. B. and S. M.
acknowledge support from the "Progetto di Ricerca Ateneo/CSP" (codice
TO-Call3-2012-0103).
NR 43
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1029-8479
J9 J HIGH ENERGY PHYS
JI J. High Energy Phys.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
IS 4
AR 005
DI 10.1007/JHEP04(2014)005
PG 29
WC Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Physics
GA AE7OD
UT WOS:000334186900004
ER
PT J
AU Devi, VM
Kleiner, I
Sams, RL
Brown, LR
Benner, DC
Fletcher, LN
AF Devi, V. Malathy
Kleiner, Isabelle
Sams, Robert L.
Brown, Linda R.
Benner, D. Chris
Fletcher, Leigh N.
TI Line positions and intensities of the phosphine (PH3) Pentad near 4.5 mu
m
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE PH3 Line positions; Intensities Infrared fundamentals; Pentad
ID SPECTROSCOPIC PARAMETERS; SPECTRUM; BANDS; ATMOSPHERE; JUPITER; GAS;
NH3; ASSIGNMENTS; STRENGTHS; MOLECULE
AB In order to improve the spectroscopic database for remote sensing of the giant planets, line positions and intensities are determined for the five bands (2v(2), v(2) + v(4), 2v(4), v(1) and v(3)) that comprise the Pentad of PH3 between 1950 and 2450 cm(-1). Knowledge of PH3 spectral line parameters in this region is important for the exploration of dynamics and chemistry on Saturn, (using existing Cassini/VIMS observations) and future near-IR data of Jupiter from Juno and ESA's Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE). For this study, spectra of pure PH3 from two Fourier transform spectrometers were obtained: (a) five high-resolution (0.00223 cm(-1)), high signal-to-noise (similar to 1800) spectra recorded at room temperature (298.2 K) with the Bruker IFS 125HR Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, Washington and(b) four high-resolution (at 0.0115 cm(-1) resolution), high signal-to-noise (similar to 700) spectra recorded at room temperature in the region 1800-5200 cm(-1) using the McMath-Pierce Fourier transform spectrometer located at the National Solar Observatory (NSO) on Kitt Peak. Individual line parameters above 2150 cm(-1) were retrieved by simultaneous multispectrum fittings of all five Bruker spectra, while retrievals with the four Kitt Peak spectra were done in the 1938-2168 cm(-1) range spectrum by spectrum and averaged. In all, positions and intensities were obtained for more than 4400 lines. These included 53 A+A-split pairs of transitions (arising due to vibration-rotation interactions (Coriolis-type interaction) between the v3 and v(1) fundamental bands) for K" = 3, 6, and 9. Over 3400 positions and 1750 intensities of these lines were ultimately identified as relatively unblended and modeled up to J = 14 and K= 12 with rms values of 0.00133 cm(-1) and 7.7%, respectively. The PH3 line parameters (observed positions and measured intensities with known quantum assignments) and Hamiltonian constants are reported. Comparisons with other recent studies are discussed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Devi, V. Malathy; Benner, D. Chris] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
[Kleiner, Isabelle] Univ Paris Est & Diderot, Lab Interuniv Syst Atmospher, CNRS, IPSL,UMR 7583, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Sams, Robert L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Brown, Linda R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Fletcher, Leigh N.] Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
RP Devi, VM (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
EM malathy.d.venkataraman@nasa.gov
RI Fletcher, Leigh/D-6093-2011
OI Fletcher, Leigh/0000-0001-5834-9588
FU College of William and Mary. Research at the Jet propulsion Laboratory
(JPL), California Institute of Technology; Department of Energy's Office
of Biological and Environmental Research; United States Department of
Energy by the Battelle Memorial Institute [DE-ACO5-76RLO 1830]
FX NASA's Outer Planetary Research Program supported the work performed at
the College of William and Mary. Research at the Jet propulsion
Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, was performed
under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
The United States Department of Energy supported part of this research
and was conducted at the W.R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences
laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the
Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
and located at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is
operated for the United States Department of Energy by the Battelle
Memorial Institute under Contract DE-ACO5-76RLO 1830. L.N. Fletcher was
supported by a Royal Society Research Fellowship at the University of
Oxford.
NR 38
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 12
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2852
EI 1096-083X
J9 J MOL SPECTROSC
JI J. Mol. Spectrosc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 298
BP 11
EP 23
DI 10.1016/j.jms.2014.01.0130022-2852
PG 13
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA AE8MT
UT WOS:000334256700003
ER
PT J
AU Vizcaino, P
Santisteban, JR
Alvarez, MAV
Banchik, AD
Almer, J
AF Vizcaino, P.
Santisteban, J. R.
Vicente Alvarez, M. A.
Banchik, A. D.
Almer, J.
TI Effect of crystallite orientation and external stress on hydride
precipitation and dissolution in Zr2.5%Nb
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID TERMINAL SOLID SOLUBILITY; WT-PERCENT NB; ZIRCONIUM ALLOYS; FORMING
METALS; HYDROGEN; DIFFRACTION; ZIRCALOY-4; CRACKING; TEXTURE; NIOBIUM
AB Thermal cycling of Zr2.5%Nb pressure tubes specimens containing similar to 100 wt ppm H between room temperature and 400 degrees C produces the dissolution and re-precipitation of zirconium hydride, with a distinctive hysteresis between these two processes. In this work, we have found that the details of the precipitation and dissolution depend on the actual orientation of the alpha-Zr grains where hydride precipitation takes place. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments during such thermal cycles have provided information about hydride precipitation specific to the two most important groups of alpha-Zr phase orientations, namely crystallites having c-axes parallel (m(Hoop)) and tilted by similar to 20 degrees (m(Tilted)) from the tube hoop direction. The results indicate that hydrides precipitate at slightly higher temperatures (similar to 5 degrees C), and dissolve at consistently higher temperatures (similar to 15 degrees C) in m(Tilted) grains than in m(Hoop) grains. Moreover, application of a tensile stress along the tube hoop direction results in two noticeable effects in hydride precipitation. Firstly, it shifts hydride precipitation towards higher temperatures, at a rate of similar to(0.08 +/- 0.02) degrees C/MPa for hydrides precipitated in the m(Hoop) grains. Secondly, it produces a redistribution of hydrogen between grains of different orientations, increasing hydride precipitation on those alpha-Zr grains having their c-axes stretched by the external load. A detailed analysis of the diffracted signal shows that such redistribution occurs during the precipitation stage, as a result of changes in the precipitation temperatures for different grain orientations. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vizcaino, P.; Banchik, A. D.] CNEA, Ctr Atom Ezeiza, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Santisteban, J. R.; Vicente Alvarez, M. A.] CNEA CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
[Santisteban, J. R.; Vicente Alvarez, M. A.] Inst Balseiro, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
[Almer, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Santisteban, JR (reprint author), CNEA CONICET, Ctr Atom Bariloche, San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
EM j.r.santisteban@cab.cnea.gov.ar
FU CONICET [PIP-542-2011]; IAEA [17252]; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The authors wish to thank A. Motta, K. Colas, M.R. Daymond and M. Kerr
for experimental help and fruitful discussions; and the referees of this
manuscript for many useful suggestions about interpretation of the
present results. This research was partially funded by CONICET under
PIP-542-2011, and by IAEA under Research Contract 17252. Usage of the
Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 447
IS 1-3
BP 82
EP 93
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.12.025
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AE6UX
UT WOS:000334134600012
ER
PT J
AU Ben-Belgacem, M
Richet, V
Terrani, KA
Katoh, Y
Snead, LL
AF Ben-Belgacem, M.
Richet, V.
Terrani, K. A.
Katoh, Y.
Snead, L. L.
TI Thermo-mechanical analysis of LWR SiC/SiC composite cladding
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON-CARBIDE; IRRADIATION; CREEP; IMPLEMENTATION; TEMPERATURE;
MECHANISMS; REACTORS; MATLAB
AB A dedicated framework for thermo-mechanical analysis of the in-pile performance of SiC/SiC composite fuel cladding concepts in LWRs has been developed. This analysis framework focuses on cladding and omits any fuel-cladding interaction and fuel behaVior. Since radial expansion of the cladding occurs early in life for these ceramic structures, fuel-cladding contact is expected to be delayed or eliminated and therefore it is not considered in this analysis. The analysis inputs recent out-of-pile and in-pile materials property data and phenomenological understanding of material evolution under neutron irradiation for nuclear-grade SiC/SiC composites to provide a best-estimate analysis. The analysis provides insight into the concept design and feasibility of SiC/SiC composite cladding concepts that exhibit significantly different behavior than metallic cladding structures. In particular, absence of any tangible creep (thermal or irradiation) coupled with a large and temperature-gradient-driven irradiation swelling strain gradient across the cladding, drive development of large stresses across the cladding thickness. The resulting analysis indicates that significant stresses develop after a modest neutron dose (similar to 1 dpa) and a pronounced variation across the cladding thickness exists and is opposite to that observed for metallic cladding structures where swelling or growth strains are either negligible (with small temperature dependence) or absent. Following this thermo-mechanical analysis, a best-estimate and parametric examination of SiC/SiC fuel rod cladding structures has been performed using appropriate Weibull statistics to prescribe basic design guidelines and to begin to define a probable design space. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ben-Belgacem, M.; Richet, V.] Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Terrani, K. A.; Katoh, Y.; Snead, L. L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Terrani, KA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM terranika@ornl.gov
FU Advanced Fuels Campaign of the Fuel Cycle R&D program in the Office of
Nuclear Energy, US Department of Energy
FX The aid and technical insight of Joe Rashid and Robert Dunham at Anatech
Corp. is gratefully acknowledged. Thorough examination of the manuscript
by Alexander Barashev at ORNL is also recognized. The work presented in
this paper was partially supported by the Advanced Fuels Campaign of the
Fuel Cycle R&D program in the Office of Nuclear Energy, US Department of
Energy.
NR 40
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 5
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 447
IS 1-3
BP 125
EP 142
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.01.006
PG 18
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AE6UX
UT WOS:000334134600016
ER
PT J
AU Park, Y
Yoo, J
Huang, K
Keiser, DD
Jue, JF
Rabin, B
Moore, G
Sohn, YH
AF Park, Y.
Yoo, J.
Huang, K.
Keiser, D. D., Jr.
Jue, J. F.
Rabin, B.
Moore, G.
Sohn, Y. H.
TI Growth kinetics and microstructural evolution during hot isostatic
pressing of U-10 wt.% Mo monolithic fuel plate in AA6061 cladding with
Zr diffusion barrier
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID U-MO; DISPERSION FUEL; REACTION LAYER; HIGH-DENSITY; SI; MATRIX; ALLOY
AB Phase constituents and microstructure changes in RERTR fuel plate assemblies as functions of temperature and duration of hot-isostatic pressing (HIP) during fabrication were examined. The HIP process was carried out as functions of temperature (520, 540, 560 and 580 degrees C for 90 min) and time (45-345 min at 560 degrees C) to bond 6061 Al-alloy to the Zr diffusion barrier that had been co-rolled with U-10 wt.% Mo (U10Mo) fuel monolith prior to the HIP process. Scanning and transmission electron microscopies were employed to examine the phase constituents, microstructure and layer thickness of interaction products from interdiffusion. At the interface between the U10Mo and Zr, following the co-rolling, the UZr2 phase was observed to develop adjacent to Zr, and the alpha-U phase was found between the UZr2 and U10Mo, while the Mo2Zr was found as precipitates mostly within the alpha-U phase. The phase constituents and thickness of the interaction layer at the U10Mo-Zr interface remained unchanged regardless of HIP processing variation. Observable growth due to HIP was only observed for the (Al,Si)(3)Zr phase found at the Zr/AA6061 interface, however, with a large activation energy of 457 +/- 28 kJ/mole. Thus, HIP can be carried to improve the adhesion quality of fuel plate without concern for the excessive growth of the interaction layer, particularly at the U10Mo-Zr interface with the alpha-U, Mo2Zr, and UZr2 phases. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Park, Y.; Yoo, J.; Huang, K.; Sohn, Y. H.] Univ Cent Florida, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Keiser, D. D., Jr.; Jue, J. F.; Rabin, B.; Moore, G.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83401 USA.
RP Sohn, YH (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM Yongho.sohn@ucf.edu
RI Sohn, Yongho/A-8517-2010
OI Sohn, Yongho/0000-0003-3723-4743
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction
[NA-212]; National Nuclear Security Administration, under DOE-NE Idaho
Operations Office [DE-AC07-051D14517]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction (NA-212), National Nuclear Security
Administration, under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office Contract
DE-AC07-051D14517. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a
non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the
published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S.
Government purposes.
NR 19
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U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 447
IS 1-3
BP 215
EP 224
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.01.018
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AE6UX
UT WOS:000334134600026
ER
PT J
AU Borovikov, V
Voter, AF
Tang, XZ
AF Borovikov, Valery
Voter, Arthur F.
Tang, Xian-Zhu
TI Reflection and implantation of low energy helium with tungsten surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SIMULATIONS; METALS; COEFFICIENTS; POTENTIALS; ATOMS
AB Reflection and implantation of low energy helium (He) ions by tungsten (W) substrate are studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Motivated by the ITER divertor design, our study considers a range of W substrate temperatures (300 K, 1000 K, 1500 K), a range of He atom incidence energies (<= 100 eV) and a range of angles of incidence (0-75 degrees) with respect to substrate normal. The MD simulations quantify the reflection and implantation function, the integrated moments such as the particle/energy reflection coefficients and average implantation depths. Distributions of implantation depths, reflected energy, polar and azimuthal angles of reflection are obtained, as functions of simulation parameters, such as W substrate temperature, polar angle of incidence, the energy of incident He, and the type of W substrate surface. Comparison between the MD simulation results, the results obtained using SRIM simulation package, and the existing experimental and theoretical results is provided. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Borovikov, Valery; Voter, Arthur F.; Tang, Xian-Zhu] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Borovikov, V (reprint author), Ames Lab, Div Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM valery@lanl.gov; afv@lanl.gov; xtang@lanl.gov
FU United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE), through the Office of
Fusion Energy Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences; National Nuclear
Security Administration of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX We wish to thank N. Juslin for sharing the W and W-He interatomic
potentials and T. Tabata for alerting us about typos in the reproduction
of their fitting formulas in Ref. [9]. This work at Los Alamos National
Laboratory (LANL) was supported by the United States Department of
Energy (U.S. DOE), through the Office of Fusion Energy Science (VB and
XZT), and the Office of Basic Energy Sciences (AFV). LANL is operated by
Los Alamos National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security
Administration of the U.S. DOE, under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.
NR 24
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 447
IS 1-3
BP 254
EP 270
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.01.021
PG 17
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AE6UX
UT WOS:000334134600031
ER
PT J
AU Chen, QS
Ostien, JT
Hansen, G
AF Chen, Qiushi
Ostien, Jakob T.
Hansen, Glen
TI Development of a used fuel cladding damage model incorporating
circumferential and radial hydride responses
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID EMBEDDED ANALYSIS CAPABILITIES; MANAGING SOFTWARE COMPLEXITY;
MULTIPHYSICS SIMULATION; NUCLEAR
AB At the completion of the fuel drying process, used fuel Zry4 cladding typically exhibits a significant population of delta-hydride inclusions. These inclusions are in the form of small platelets that are generally oriented both circumferentially and radially within the cladding material. There is concern that radially-oriented hydride inclusions may weaken the cladding material and lead to issues during used fuel storage and transportation processes. A high fidelity model of the mechanical behavior of hydrides has utility in both designing fuel cladding to be more resistant to this hydride-induced weakening and also in suggesting modifications to drying, storage, and transport operations to reduce the impact of hydride formation and/or the avoidance of loading scenarios that could overly stress the radial inclusions.
We develop a mechanical model for the Zry4-hydride system that, given a particular morphology of hydride inclusions, allows the calculation of the response of the hydrided cladding under various loading scenarios. The model treats the Zry4 matrix material as J(2) elastoplastic, and treats the hydrides as platelets oriented in predefined directions (e.g., circumferentially and radially). The model is hosted by the Albany analysis framework, where a finite element approximation of the weak form of the cladding boundary value problem is solved using a preconditioned Newton-Krylov approach. Instead of forming the required system Jacobian operator directly or approximating its action with a differencing operation, Albany leverages the Trilinos Sacado package to form the Jacobian via automatic differentiation. We present results that describe the performance of the model in comparison with as-fabricated Zry4 as well as HB Robinson fuel cladding. Further, we also present performance results that demonstrate the efficacy of the overall solution method employed to host the model. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Qiushi] Clemson Univ, Glenn Dept Civil Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Ostien, Jakob T.] Sandia Natl Labs, Mech Mat Dept, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Hansen, Glen] Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Multiphys Dept 1443, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Hansen, G (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Computat Multiphys Dept 1443, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM qiushi@clemson.edu; jtostie@sandia.gov; gahanse@sandia.gov
RI Ostien, Jakob/K-7053-2012;
OI Hansen, Glen/0000-0002-1786-9285
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and
operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed
Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 35
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 447
IS 1-3
BP 292
EP 303
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.01.001
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AE6UX
UT WOS:000334134600035
ER
PT J
AU Shugard, AD
Buffleben, GM
Johnson, TA
Robinson, DB
AF Shugard, Andrew D.
Buffleben, George M.
Johnson, Terry A.
Robinson, David B.
TI Isotope exchange between gaseous hydrogen and uranium hydride powder
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS HANDLING-SYSTEM; PALLADIUM HYDRIDE; SEPARATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY;
METAL; DIFFUSION; BED; DEUTERIUM; MEMBRANES; KINETICS
AB Isotope exchange between gaseous hydrogen and solid uranium hydride has been studied by flowing hydrogen (deuterium) gas through packed powder beds of uranium deuteride (hydride). We used a residual gas analyzer system to perform real-time analysis of the effluent gas composition. We also developed an exchange and transport model and, by fitting it to the experimental data, extracted kinetic parameters for the isotope exchange reaction. Our results suggest that, from approximately 70 to 700 kPa and 25 to 400 degrees C, the gas-to-solid exchange rate is controlled by hydrogen and deuterium transport within the similar to 0.7 mu m diameter uranium hydride particles. We use our kinetic parameters to show that gas chromatographic separation of hydrogen and deuterium using uranium hydride could be feasible. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shugard, Andrew D.; Buffleben, George M.; Johnson, Terry A.; Robinson, David B.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Shugard, AD (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, 7011 East Ave,MS9561, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM adshuga@sandia.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Laboratory-Directed Sandia
FX Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and
operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed
Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear
Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The work was
funded in part by the Laboratory-Directed Sandia.
NR 51
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U1 1
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-3115
EI 1873-4820
J9 J NUCL MATER
JI J. Nucl. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 447
IS 1-3
BP 304
EP 313
DI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2013.09.037
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AE6UX
UT WOS:000334134600036
ER
PT J
AU Baker, ES
Burnum-Johnson, KE
Jacobs, JM
Diamond, DL
Brown, RN
Ibrahim, YM
Orton, DJ
Piehowski, PD
Purdy, DE
Moore, RJ
Danielson, WF
Monroe, ME
Crowell, KL
Slysz, GW
Gritsenko, MA
Sandoval, JD
LaMarche, BL
Matzke, MM
Webb-Robertson, BJM
Simons, BC
McMahon, BJ
Bhattacharya, R
Perkins, JD
Carithers, RL
Strom, S
Self, SG
Katze, MG
Anderson, GA
Smith, RD
AF Baker, Erin Shammel
Burnum-Johnson, Kristin E.
Jacobs, Jon M.
Diamond, Deborah L.
Brown, Roslyn N.
Ibrahim, Yehia M.
Orton, Daniel J.
Piehowski, Paul D.
Purdy, David E.
Moore, Ronald J.
Danielson, William F., III
Monroe, Matthew E.
Crowell, Kevin L.
Slysz, Gordon W.
Gritsenko, Marina A.
Sandoval, John D.
LaMarche, Brian L.
Matzke, Melissa M.
Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M.
Simons, Brenna C.
McMahon, Brian J.
Bhattacharya, Renuka
Perkins, James D.
Carithers, Robert L., Jr.
Strom, Susan
Self, Steven G.
Katze, Michael G.
Anderson, Gordon A.
Smith, Richard D.
TI Advancing the High Throughput Identification of Liver Fibrosis Protein
Signatures Using Multiplexed Ion Mobility Spectrometry*
SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; PERSONALIZED MEDICINE;
PROTEOMICS; MS; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; DISEASES; PROGRESS; PROMISE
AB Rapid diagnosis of disease states using less invasive, safer, and more clinically acceptable approaches than presently employed is a crucial direction for the field of medicine. While MS-based proteomics approaches have attempted to meet these objectives, challenges such as the enormous dynamic range of protein concentrations in clinically relevant biofluid samples coupled with the need to address human biodiversity have slowed their employment. Herein, we report on the use of a new instrumental platform that addresses these challenges by coupling technical advances in rapid gas phase multiplexed ion mobility spectrometry separations with liquid chromatography and MS to dramatically increase measurement sensitivity and throughput, further enabling future high throughput MS-based clinical applications. An initial application of the liquid chromatography - ion mobility spectrometry-MS platform analyzing blood serum samples from 60 postliver transplant patients with recurrent fibrosis progression and 60 nontransplant patients illustrates its potential utility for disease characterization.
C1 [Baker, Erin Shammel; Burnum-Johnson, Kristin E.; Jacobs, Jon M.; Brown, Roslyn N.; Ibrahim, Yehia M.; Orton, Daniel J.; Piehowski, Paul D.; Moore, Ronald J.; Danielson, William F., III; Monroe, Matthew E.; Crowell, Kevin L.; Slysz, Gordon W.; Gritsenko, Marina A.; Sandoval, John D.; LaMarche, Brian L.; Matzke, Melissa M.; Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M.; Anderson, Gordon A.; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Baker, Erin Shammel; Burnum-Johnson, Kristin E.; Jacobs, Jon M.; Brown, Roslyn N.; Ibrahim, Yehia M.; Orton, Daniel J.; Piehowski, Paul D.; Moore, Ronald J.; Danielson, William F., III; Monroe, Matthew E.; Crowell, Kevin L.; Slysz, Gordon W.; Gritsenko, Marina A.; Sandoval, John D.; LaMarche, Brian L.; Matzke, Melissa M.; Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M.; Anderson, Gordon A.; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Diamond, Deborah L.] Univ Washington, Dept Pharmaceut, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Purdy, David E.; Carithers, Robert L., Jr.; Katze, Michael G.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Bhattacharya, Renuka; Strom, Susan] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Seattle, WA USA.
[Perkins, James D.] Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Div Transplantat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Self, Steven G.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Vaccine & Infect Dis Div, Seattle, WA 98104 USA.
[Simons, Brenna C.; McMahon, Brian J.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Div Biol Sci, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K8-98, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM rds@pnnl.gov
RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Burnum, Kristin/B-1308-2011;
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Burnum, Kristin/0000-0002-2722-4149;
Piehowski, Paul/0000-0001-5108-2227
FU Washington State Life Sciences Discovery Fund; National Institute of
Health General Medical Sciences Proteomic Center at PNNL [2 P41 GM
103493-11]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [8 P41
GM103493-10]; National Cancer Institute [R21-CA12619-01,
U24-CA-160019-01, Y01-CN-05013-29]; National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [R01ES022190];
Entertainment Industry Foundation and its Women's Cancer Research Fund;
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory; Department of Energy Office of Biological
and Environmental Research Genome Sciences Program; DOE
[DE-AC05-76RLO01830]
FX A significant portion of this work was supported by the Washington State
Life Sciences Discovery Fund. The development of the IMS-MS platform was
provided through the National Institute of Health General Medical
Sciences Proteomic Center at PNNL (2 P41 GM 103493-11) and other
portions were supported by grants from the National Institute of General
Medical Sciences (8 P41 GM103493-10), National Cancer Institute
(R21-CA12619-01, U24-CA-160019-01, and Interagency Agreement
Y01-CN-05013-29), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of
the National Institutes of Health (R01ES022190), the Entertainment
Industry Foundation and its Women's Cancer Research Fund, the Laboratory
Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory and by the Department of Energy Office of Biological and
Environmental Research Genome Sciences Program under the Pan-omics
project. The research was performed in the Environmental Molecular
Science Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) national
scientific user facility at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
in Richland, WA. Battelle operates PNNL for the DOE under contract
DE-AC05-76RLO01830.
NR 33
TC 20
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U1 0
U2 21
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 1535-9476
EI 1535-9484
J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS
JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 4
BP 1119
EP 1127
DI 10.1074/mcp.M113.034595
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AE4BC
UT WOS:000333921700015
PM 24403597
ER
PT J
AU Lu, J
AF Lu, Jian
TI CLIMATE SCIENCE Tropical expansion by ocean swing
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT News Item
ID OZONE
C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Lu, J (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K9-24, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Jian.Lu@pnnl.gov
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 4
BP 250
EP 251
DI 10.1038/ngeo2124
PG 2
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AE2PP
UT WOS:000333815700004
ER
PT J
AU Vinoj, V
Rasch, PJ
Wang, HL
Yoon, JH
Ma, PL
Landu, K
Singh, B
AF Vinoj, V.
Rasch, Philip J.
Wang, Hailong
Yoon, Jin-Ho
Ma, Po-Lun
Landu, Kiranmayi
Singh, Balwinder
TI Short-term modulation of Indian summer monsoon rainfall by West Asian
dust
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK CARBON AEROSOLS; SEA-SALT; CLIMATE; MODEL; CAM5
AB The Indian summer monsoon is influenced by numerous factors, including aerosol-induced changes to clouds, surface and atmospheric heating, and atmospheric circulation. Most previous studies assessing the effect of aerosols on monsoon rainfall have focussed on the local impact of aerosols on precipitation on monthly to seasonal timescales. Here, we show that desert dust aerosol levels over the Arabian Sea, West Asia and the Arabian Peninsula are positively correlated with the intensity of the Indian summer monsoon, using satellite data and models; a leadlag analysis indicates that dust and precipitation vary in concert over timescales of about a week. Our analysis of global climate model simulations indicates that by heating the atmosphere, dust aerosols induce large-scale convergence over North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, increasing the flow of moisture over India within a week. According to these simulations, dust-induced heating of the atmosphere over North Africa and West Asia rapidly modulates monsoon rainfall over central India.
C1 [Vinoj, V.; Rasch, Philip J.; Wang, Hailong; Yoon, Jin-Ho; Ma, Po-Lun; Landu, Kiranmayi; Singh, Balwinder] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Vinoj, V.; Landu, Kiranmayi] Indian Inst Technol Bhubaneswar, Sch Earth Ocean & Climate Sci, Bhubaneswar 751007, Odisha, India.
RP Rasch, PJ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM philip.rasch@pnnl.gov
RI YOON, JIN-HO/A-1672-2009; Vinoj, V./C-3241-2008; Wang,
Hailong/B-8061-2010; Ma, Po-Lun/G-7129-2015
OI YOON, JIN-HO/0000-0002-4939-8078; Vinoj, V./0000-0001-8573-6073; Wang,
Hailong/0000-0002-1994-4402; Ma, Po-Lun/0000-0003-3109-5316
FU Pacific Northwest National laboratory (PNNL); US Department of Energy
(DOE) Office of Science (BER) Earth System Modeling Program; Office of
Science of the DOE [DE-ACO2-05CH11231]; [DE-A005-76RLO 1830]
FX This work was supported by the Pacific Northwest National laboratory
(PNNL) Program for Laboratory Directed Research and the US Department of
Energy (DOE) Office of Science (BER) Earth System Modeling Program.
PNNL, is operated for the DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under
contract DE-A005-76RLO 1830. The MODIS, MISR and GPCP mission scientists
and associated National Aeronautics and Space Administration personnel
are acknowledged for the production of the data used in this research
effort. Computational resources for the analysis and simulations were
provided through internal lab resources and an award through the DOE
National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, is is supported by
the Office of Science of the DOE under contract no. DE-ACO2-05CH11231.
NR 29
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 21
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 4
BP 308
EP 313
DI 10.1038/ngeo2107
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AE2PP
UT WOS:000333815700020
ER
PT J
AU Wang, SB
Du, PW
Zhou, N
AF Wang, Shaobu
Du, Pengwei
Zhou, Ning
TI Power system transient stability analysis through a homotopy analysis
method
SO NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Power system; Transient stability; Bifurcation analysis; Homotopy
analysis
ID SIMULATIONS; ALGORITHMS
AB As an important function of energy management systems, online contingency analysis plays an important role in providing power system security warnings of instability. At present, N-1 contingency analysis still relies on time-consuming numerical integration to assess transient stability. To reduce computational cost, this paper proposes a transient stability analysis method based on homotopy analysis. The proposed method analyzes power system transient stability by computing bifurcation points of nonlinear differential equations. These bifurcation points constitute transient stability region boundaries. The method judges if the post-fault system can survive a disturbance by analyzing whether the initial values following fault clearance locate within the boundaries. The proposed method provides an alternative approach to assessing power system transient stability instead of traditional numerical integration. A simple case is presented to demonstrate application of the proposed method; the analysis results of the proposed method are consistent with the results of numerical integration.
C1 [Wang, Shaobu; Du, Pengwei; Zhou, Ning] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wang, SB (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM shaobu.wang@pnnl.gov; pengwei.du@ercot.com; ningzhou@binghamton.edu
FU Future Power Grid Initiative through Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Project; U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle
[DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX The authors are grateful to the support from the Future Power Grid
Initiative to this work through Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Project "A multilayer data-driven reasoning tool for smart
grid integrated information systems." The Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle
under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. Also, the authors gratefully
acknowledge the contribution of Dr. Yinlong Zhao and Dr. Wenrui Hao for
their help in Homotopy Analysis.
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-090X
EI 1573-269X
J9 NONLINEAR DYNAM
JI Nonlinear Dyn.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 76
IS 2
BP 1079
EP 1086
DI 10.1007/s11071-013-1191-2
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA AF0SU
UT WOS:000334425200015
ER
PT J
AU Cil, MB
Alshibli, K
Kenesei, P
Lienert, U
AF Cil, Mehmet B.
Alshibli, Khalid
Kenesei, Peter
Lienert, Ulrich
TI Combined high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction and computed
tomography to characterize constitutive behavior of silica sand
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Tomography of Materials and Structures
CY JUL 01-05, 2013
CL Ghent, BELGIUM
DE Granular materials; Lattice strain; Stress; 3D X-ray diffraction
ID INDIVIDUAL BULK GRAINS; PLASTICITY MODEL; STRAIN TENSOR; MICROTOMOGRAPHY
AB The deformation behavior of silica sand particles under one-dimensional (1D) loading compression was investigated using nondestructive 3D synchrotron micro-computed tomography (SMT) and three dimensional X-ray diffraction (3DXRD). High-resolution SMT images were used to monitor particle-to-particle interactions, and the onset and propagation of fracture mechanism in a column composed of three silica sand particles. Particle-averaged lattice strain tensors within individual sand particles were measured using the 3DXRD technique and were then used to calculate the stress tensor components via the general elastic stress-strain relationship. The normal stress component in the axial direction (sigma(zz)) exhibited a nearly linear increasing trend in all sand particles. Shear stress components were in general small relative to the normal stress components and displayed no systematic trend. Knowing lattice strains, stresses, and particle kinematic behavior, one can formulate and develop a micromechanics-based constitutive model to fully characterize strength properties and deformation characteristics of granular materials. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cil, Mehmet B.; Alshibli, Khalid] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Kenesei, Peter] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Lienert, Ulrich] DESY Photon Sci, Deutsch Elekt Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany.
RP Alshibli, K (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM mcil@utk.edu; Alshibli@utk.edu; kenesei@aps.anl.gov;
ulrich.lienert@desy.de
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI-1156436]; GeoSoilEnviroCARS;
National Science Foundation-Earth Sciences [EAR-1128799]; Department of
Energy (DOE), Geosciences [DE-FG02-94ER14466]; DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This material is based on work supported by the National Science
Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. CMMI-1156436. The 3DXRD data were
collected using the Beamline 1-ID and SMT scans were collected using
Beamline 13 at the Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National
Laboratory (ANL), USA. We thank Dr. Mark Rivers of APS for help in
performing the SMT scans. We also acknowledge the support of
GeoSoilEnviroCARS (Sector 13), which is supported by the National
Science Foundation-Earth Sciences (EAR-1128799), and the Department of
Energy (DOE), Geosciences (DE-FG02-94ER14466). Use of the APS, an Office
of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by
Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by DOE under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 26
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Z9 1
U1 0
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-583X
EI 1872-9584
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 324
BP 11
EP 16
DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2013.08.043
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA AE2GP
UT WOS:000333791600003
ER
PT J
AU Kawashima, N
Qu, HH
Lobaton, M
Zhu, ZY
Sollogoub, M
Cavenee, WK
Handa, K
Hakomori, SI
Zhang, YM
AF Kawashima, Nagako
Qu, Huanhuan
Lobaton, Marlin
Zhu, Zhenyuan
Sollogoub, Matthieu
Cavenee, Webster K.
Handa, Kazuko
Hakomori, Sen-Itiroh
Zhang, Yongmin
TI Efficient synthesis of chloro-derivatives of sialosyllactosylceramide,
and their enhanced inhibitory effect on epidermal growth factor receptor
activation
SO ONCOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE EGFR inhibitors; cell proliferation; EGFR activation; GM3;
glycosphingolipids; chloro-derivatives of GM3
ID GANGLIOSIDE-MEDIATED MODULATION; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; CELL-GROWTH;
HUMAN GLIOBLASTOMAS; CANCER-CELLS; GM3; GLYCOSYLATION; CONVERSION;
BINDING; KINASE
AB Glycosphingolipids are components of essentially all mammalian cell membranes and are involved in a variety of significant cellular functions, including proliferation, adhesion, motility and differentiation. Sialosyllactosylceramide (GM3) is known to inhibit the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In the present study, an efficient method for the total chemical synthesis of monochloro- and dichloro-derivatives of the sialosyl residue of GM3 was developed. The structures of the synthesized compounds were fully characterized by high-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. In analyses of EGFR autophosphorylation and cell proliferation ([H-3]-thymidine incorporation) in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells, two chloro-derivatives exhibited stronger inhibitory effects than GM3 on EGFR activity. Monochloro-GM3, but not GM3 or dichloro-GM3, showed a significant inhibitory effect on Delta EGFR, a splicing variant of EGFR that lacks exons 2-7 and is often found in human glioblastomas. The chemical synthesis of other GM3 derivatives using approaches similar to those described in the present study, has the potential to create more potent EGFR inhibitors to block cell growth or motility of a variety of types of cancer that express either wild-type EGFR or Delta EGFR.
C1 [Kawashima, Nagako; Lobaton, Marlin; Handa, Kazuko; Hakomori, Sen-Itiroh] Pacific Northwest Res Inst, Div Biomembrane Res, Seattle, WA 98122 USA.
[Qu, Huanhuan; Zhu, Zhenyuan; Sollogoub, Matthieu; Zhang, Yongmin] Univ Paris 06, Inst Paris Mol Chem, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Qu, Huanhuan] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Mat Med, Glycochem & Glycobiol Lab, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China.
[Cavenee, Webster K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ludwig Inst Canc Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Hakomori, Sen-Itiroh] Univ Washington, Dept Pathobiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Hakomori, Sen-Itiroh] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Zhang, Yongmin] Jianghan Univ, Inst Interdisciplinary Res, Wuhan Econ & Technol Dev Zone, Wuhan 430056, Hubei, Peoples R China.
RP Hakomori, SI (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Res Inst, Div Biomembrane Res, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122 USA.
EM hakomori@u.washington.edu; yongmin.zhang@upmc.fr
RI QU, Huanhuan/I-4450-2015;
OI Sollogoub, Matthieu/0000-0003-0500-5946
FU Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 for the program of LIA;
Biomembrane Institute; China Scholarship Council; [P01-CA95616]
FX The present study was funded by the Universite Pierre et Marie
Curie-Paris 6 for the program of LIA, The Biomembrane Institute and
P01-CA95616. Support was also accorded by a PhD fellowship from the
China Scholarship Council. The authors are grateful to Dr S. Anderson
for editing the English of the manuscript.
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD
PI ATHENS
PA POB 18179, ATHENS, 116 10, GREECE
SN 1792-1074
EI 1792-1082
J9 ONCOL LETT
JI Oncol. Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 4
BP 933
EP 940
DI 10.3892/ol.2014.1887
PG 8
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA AE9FT
UT WOS:000334311900003
PM 24944646
ER
PT J
AU Furnstahl, RJ
More, SN
Papenbrock, T
AF Furnstahl, R. J.
More, S. N.
Papenbrock, T.
TI Systematic expansion for infrared oscillator basis extrapolations
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID EFFECTIVE-FIELD-THEORY; CORE SHELL-MODEL; CONVERGENCE
AB Recent work has demonstrated that the infrared effects of harmonic oscillator basis truncations are well approximated by a partial-wave Dirichlet boundary condition at a properly identified radius L. This led to formulas for extrapolating the corresponding energy E-L and other observables to infinite L and thus infinite basis size. Here we reconsider the energy for a two-body system with a Dirichlet boundary condition at L to identify and test a consistent and systematic expansion for E-L that depends only on observables. We also generalize the energy extrapolation formula to nonzero angular momentum, and apply it to the deuteron. Formulas given previously for extrapolating the radius are derived in detail.
C1 [Furnstahl, R. J.; More, S. N.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Papenbrock, T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Papenbrock, T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Phys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Furnstahl, RJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM furnstahl.1@osu.edu; more.13@osu.edu; tpapenbr@utk.edu
OI Furnstahl, Richard/0000-0002-3483-333X; Papenbrock,
Thomas/0000-0001-8733-2849
FU National Science Foundation [PHY-1002478]; Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-96ER40963, DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-SC0008499/DE-SC0008533]
FX We thank B. Dainton, H. Hergert, S. Konig, and R. Perry for useful
discussions. This work was supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1002478 and the Department of Energy
under Grants No. DE-FG02-96ER40963 (University of Tennessee), No.
DE-AC05-00OR22725 (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), and No.
DE-SC0008499/DE-SC0008533 (SciDAC-3 NUCLEI project).
NR 35
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9985
EI 2469-9993
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 89
IS 4
AR 044301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.89.044301
PG 12
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AE9AG
UT WOS:000334295100001
ER
PT J
AU Aaltonen, T
Abazov, VM
Abbott, B
Acharya, BS
Adams, M
Adams, T
Agnew, JP
Alexeev, GD
Alkhazov, G
Alton, A
Amerio, S
Amidei, D
Anastassov, A
Annovi, A
Antos, J
Apollinari, G
Appel, JA
Arisawa, T
Artikov, A
Asaadi, J
Ashmanskas, W
Askew, A
Atkins, S
Auerbach, B
Augsten, K
Aurisano, A
Avila, C
Azfar, F
Badaud, F
Badgett, W
Bae, T
Bagby, L
Baldin, B
Bandurin, DV
Banerjee, S
Barbaro-Galtieri, A
Barberis, E
Baringer, P
Barnes, VE
Barnett, BA
Barria, P
Bartlett, JF
Bartos, P
Bassler, U
Bauce, M
Bazterra, V
Bean, A
Bedeschi, F
Begalli, M
Behari, S
Bellantoni, L
Bellettini, G
Bellinger, J
Benjamin, D
Beretvas, A
Beri, SB
Bernardi, G
Bernhard, R
Bertram, I
Besancon, M
Beuselinck, R
Bhat, PC
Bhatia, S
Bhatnagar, V
Bhatti, A
Bland, KR
Blazey, G
Blessing, S
Bloom, K
Blumenfeld, B
Bocci, A
Bodek, A
Boehnlein, A
Boline, D
Boos, EE
Borissov, G
Bortoletto, D
Boudreau, J
Boveia, A
Brandt, A
Brandt, O
Brigliadori, L
Brock, R
Bromberg, C
Bross, A
Brown, D
Brucken, E
Bu, XB
Budagov, J
Budd, HS
Buehler, M
Buescher, V
Bunichev, V
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Burkett, K
Busetto, G
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Buszello, CP
Butti, P
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Campanelli, M
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Carlsmith, D
Carosi, R
Carrillo, S
Casal, B
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Casey, BCK
Castilla-Valdez, H
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Catastini, P
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Cauz, D
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Cavalli-Sforza, M
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Chakrabarti, S
Chan, KM
Chandra, A
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Chen, G
Chen, YC
Chertok, M
Chiarelli, G
Chlachidze, G
Cho, K
Cho, SW
Choi, S
Chokheli, D
Choudhary, B
Cihangir, S
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Clark, A
Clarke, C
Clutter, J
Convery, ME
Conway, J
Cooke, M
Cooper, WE
Corbo, M
Corcoran, M
Cordelli, M
Couderc, F
Cousinou, MC
Cox, CA
Cox, DJ
Cremonesi, M
Cruz, D
Cuevas, J
Culbertson, R
Cutts, D
Das, A
d'Ascenzo, N
Datta, M
Davies, G
de Barbaro, P
de Jong, SJ
De La Cruz-Burelo, E
Deliot, F
Demina, R
Demortier, L
Deninno, M
Denisov, D
Denisov, SP
D'Errico, M
Desai, S
Deterre, C
DeVaughan, K
Devoto, F
Di Canto, A
Di Ruzza, B
Diehl, HT
Diesburg, M
Ding, PF
Dittmann, JR
Dominguez, A
Donati, S
D'Onofrio, M
Dorigo, M
Driutti, A
Dubey, A
Dudko, LV
Duperrin, A
Dutt, S
Eads, M
Ebina, K
Edgar, R
Edmunds, D
Elagin, A
Ellison, J
Elvira, VD
Enari, Y
Erbacher, R
Errede, S
Esham, B
Evans, H
Evdokimov, VN
Farrington, S
Feng, L
Ferbel, T
Ramos, JPF
Fiedler, F
Field, R
Filthaut, F
Fisher, W
Fisk, HE
Flanagan, G
Forrest, R
Fortner, M
Fox, H
Franklin, M
Freeman, JC
Frisch, H
Fuess, S
Funakoshi, Y
Galloni, C
Garbincius, PH
Garcia-Bellido, A
Garcia-Gonzalez, JA
Garfinkel, AF
Garosi, P
Gavrilov, V
Geng, W
Gerber, CE
Gerberich, H
Gerchtein, E
Gershtein, Y
Giagu, S
Giakoumopoulou, V
Gibson, K
Ginsburg, CM
Ginther, G
Giokaris, N
Giromini, P
Giurgiu, G
Glagolev, V
Glenzinski, D
Gold, M
Goldin, D
Golossanov, A
Golovanov, G
Gomez, G
Gomez-Ceballos, G
Goncharov, M
Lopez, OG
Gorelov, I
Goshaw, AT
Goulianos, K
Gramellini, E
Grannis, PD
Greder, S
Greenlee, H
Grenier, G
Grinstein, S
Gris, P
Grivaz, JF
Grohsjean, A
Grosso-Pilcher, C
Group, RC
Grunendahl, S
Grunewald, MW
Guillemin, T
da Costa, JG
Gutierrez, G
Gutierrez, P
Hahn, SR
Haley, J
Han, JY
Han, L
Happacher, F
Hara, K
Harder, K
Hare, M
Harel, A
Harr, RF
Harrington-Taber, T
Hatakeyama, K
Hauptman, JM
Hays, C
Hays, J
Head, T
Hebbeker, T
Hedin, D
Hegab, H
Heinrich, J
Heinson, AP
Heintz, U
Hensel, C
Heredia-De la Cruz, I
Herndon, M
Herner, K
Hesketh, G
Hildreth, MD
Hirosky, R
Hoang, T
Hobbs, JD
Hocker, A
Hoeneisen, B
Hogan, J
Hohlfeld, M
Holzbauer, JL
Hong, Z
Hopkins, W
Hou, S
Howley, I
Hubacek, Z
Hughes, RE
Husemann, U
Hussein, M
Huston, J
Hynek, V
Iashvili, I
Ilchenko, Y
Illingworth, R
Introzzi, G
Iori, M
Ito, AS
Ivanov, A
Jabeen, S
Jaffre, M
James, E
Jang, D
Jayasinghe, A
Jayatilaka, B
Jeon, EJ
Jeong, MS
Jesik, R
Jiang, P
Jindariani, S
Johns, K
Johnson, E
Johnson, M
Jonckheere, A
Jones, M
Jonsson, P
Joo, KK
Joshi, J
Jun, SY
Jung, AW
Junk, TR
Juste, A
Kajfasz, E
Kambeitz, M
Kamon, T
Karchin, PE
Karmanov, D
Kasmi, A
Kato, Y
Katsanos, I
Kehoe, R
Kermiche, S
Ketchum, W
Keung, J
Khalatyan, N
Khanov, A
Kharchilava, A
Kharzheev, YN
Kilminster, B
Kim, DH
Kim, HS
Kim, JE
Kim, MJ
Kim, SH
Kim, SB
Kim, YJ
Kim, YK
Kimura, N
Kirby, M
Kiselevich, I
Knoepfel, K
Kohli, JM
Kondo, K
Kong, DJ
Konigsberg, J
Kotwal, AV
Kozelov, AV
Kraus, J
Kreps, M
Kroll, J
Kruse, M
Kuhr, T
Kumar, A
Kupco, A
Kurata, M
Kurca, T
Kuzmin, VA
Laasanen, AT
Lammel, S
Lammers, S
Lancaster, M
Lannon, K
Latino, G
Lebrun, P
Lee, HS
Lee, HS
Lee, JS
Lee, SW
Lee, WM
Lei, X
Lellouch, J
Leo, S
Leone, S
Lewis, JD
Li, D
Li, H
Li, L
Li, QZ
Lim, JK
Limosani, A
Lincoln, D
Linnemann, J
Lipaev, VV
Lipeles, E
Lipton, R
Lister, A
Liu, H
Liu, H
Liu, Q
Liu, T
Liu, Y
Lobodenko, A
Lockwitz, S
Loginov, A
Lokajicek, M
de Sa, RL
Lucchesi, D
Luca, A
Lueck, J
Lujan, P
Lukens, P
Luna-Garcia, R
Lungu, G
Lyon, AL
Lys, J
Lysak, R
Maciel, AKA
Madar, R
Madrak, R
Maestro, P
Magana-Villalba, R
Malik, S
Malik, S
Malyshev, VL
Manca, G
Manousakis-Katsikakis, A
Mansour, J
Marchese, L
Margaroli, F
Marino, P
Martinez-Ortega, J
Martinez, M
Matera, K
Mattson, ME
Mazzacane, A
Mazzanti, P
McCarthy, R
McGivern, CL
McNulty, R
Mehta, A
Mehtala, P
Meijer, MM
Melnitchouk, A
Menezes, D
Mercadante, PG
Merkin, M
Mesropian, C
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Miao, T
Miconi, F
Mietlicki, D
Mitra, A
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Moed, S
Moggi, N
Mondal, NK
Moon, CS
Moore, R
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Mukherjee, A
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Muller, T
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Nayyar, R
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Nguyen, HT
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Nodulman, L
Noh, SY
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Nunnemann, T
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Oh, SH
Oh, YD
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Parua, N
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CA CDF Collaboration
D0 Collaboration
TI Combination of measurements of the top-quark pair production cross
section from the Tevatron Collider
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS; ROOT-S=1.96 TEV; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HADRON
COLLIDERS; LEADING ORDER; T(T)OVER-BAR; DETECTOR; LHC; QCD; FERMILAB
AB We combine six measurements of the inclusive top-quark pair (t(sic)) production cross section (sigma(t)(sic)) from data collected with the CDF and D0 detectors at the Fermilab Tevatron with proton-antiproton collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV. The data correspond to integrated luminosities of up to 8.8 fb(-1). We obtain a value of sigma tt = 7.60 +/- 0.41 pb for a top-quark mass of m(t) = 172.5 GeV. The contributions to the uncertainty are 0.20 pb from statistical sources, 0.29 pb from systematic sources, and 0.21 pb from the uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The result is in good agreement with the standard model expectation of 7.35(-0.33)(+0.28) pb at next-to-next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to leading logarithms in perturbative QCD.
C1 [Chen, Y. C.; Hou, S.; Mitra, A.; Teng, P. K.; Wang, S. M.] Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
[Auerbach, B.; Nodulman, L.; Wicklund, A. B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Giakoumopoulou, V.; Giokaris, N.; Manousakis-Katsikakis, A.] Univ Athens, GR-15771 Athens, Greece.
[Camarda, S.; Cavalli-Sforza, M.; Grinstein, S.; Martinez, M.; Ortolan, L.; Sorin, V.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, ICREA, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
[Bland, K. R.; Dittmann, J. R.; Hatakeyama, K.; Kasmi, A.; Wu, Z.] Baylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USA.
[Brigliadori, L.; Castro, A.; Deninno, M.; Gramellini, E.; Marchese, L.; Mazzanti, P.; Moggi, N.; Mussini, M.; Rimondi, F.; Zucchelli, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Brigliadori, L.; Castro, A.; Mussini, M.; Zucchelli, S.] Univ Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Chertok, M.; Conway, J.; Cox, C. A.; Cox, D. J.; Erbacher, R.; Forrest, R.; Ivanov, A.; Pilot, J.; Shalhout, S. Z.; Smith, J. R.; Wilbur, S.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Plager, C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Casal, B.; Cuevas, J.; Gomez, G.; Palencia, E.; Ruiz, A.; Scodellaro, L.; Vilar, R.; Vizan, J.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain.
[Calamba, A.; Jang, D.; Jun, S. Y.; Paulini, M.; Russ, J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Boveia, A.; Canelli, F.; Frisch, H.; Grosso-Pilcher, C.; Ketchum, W.; Kim, Y. K.; Rosner, J. L.; Shochet, M.; Tang, J.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Antos, J.; Bartos, P.; Lysak, R.; Tokar, S.] Comenius Univ, Bratislava 84248, Slovakia.
[Antos, J.; Bartos, P.; Lysak, R.; Tokar, S.] Inst Expt Phys, Kosice 04001, Slovakia.
[Abazov, V. M.; Alexeev, G. D.; Artikov, A.; Budagov, J.; Chokheli, D.; Glagolev, V.; Golovanov, G.; Kharzheev, Y. N.; Malyshev, V. L.; Prokoshin, F.; Semenov, A.; Simonenko, A.; Suslov, I.; Tokmenin, V. V.; Verkheev, A. Y.; Vertogradov, L. S.; Yatsunenko, Y. A.] Joint Inst Nucl Res, RU-141980 Dubna, Russia.
[Benjamin, D.; Bocci, A.; Goshaw, A. T.; Kotwal, A. V.; Kruse, M.; Limosani, A.; Oh, S. H.; Phillips, T. J.; Yu, G. B.; Zeng, Y.; Zhou, C.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Anastassov, A.; Apollinari, G.; Appel, J. A.; Ashmanskas, W.; Badgett, W.; Bagby, L.; Baldin, B.; Bartlett, J. F.; Behari, S.; Bellantoni, L.; Beretvas, A.; Bhat, P. C.; Boehnlein, A.; Bross, A.; Bu, X. B.; Buehler, M.; Burkett, K.; Casey, B. C. K.; Chlachidze, G.; Cihangir, S.; Convery, M. E.; Cooke, M.; Cooper, W. E.; Corbo, M.; Culbertson, R.; d'Ascenzo, N.; Datta, M.; Denisov, D.; Desai, S.; Di Ruzza, B.; Diehl, H. T.; Diesburg, M.; Elvira, V. D.; Fisk, H. E.; Flanagan, G.; Freeman, J. C.; Fuess, S.; Garbincius, P. H.; Gerchtein, E.; Ginsburg, C. M.; Ginther, G.; Glenzinski, D.; Golossanov, A.; Greenlee, H.; Group, R. C.; Gruenendahl, S.; Gutierrez, G.; Hahn, S. R.; Harrington-Taber, T.; Herner, K.; Hocker, A.; Hopkins, W.; Illingworth, R.; Ito, A. S.; James, E.; Jayatilaka, B.; Jindariani, S.; Johnson, M.; Jonckheere, A.; Jung, A. W.; Junk, T. R.; Khalatyan, N.; Kilminster, B.; Kirby, M.; Knoepfel, K.; Lammel, S.; Lee, W. M.; Lewis, J. D.; Li, Q. Z.; Lincoln, D.; Lipton, R.; Liu, T.; Lukens, P.; Lyon, A. L.; Madrak, R.; Mazzacane, A.; Melnitchouk, A.; Miao, T.; Moed, S.; Moon, C. S.; Moore, R.; Mukherjee, A.; Murat, P.; Nachtman, J.; Papadimitriou, V.; Penning, B.; Podstavkov, V. M.; Poprocki, S.; Ristori, L.; Rominsky, M.; Roser, R.; Rubinov, P.; Rusu, V.; Savage, G.; Saveliev, V.; Savoy-Navarro, A.; Schlabach, P.; Schmidt, E. E.; Snider, F. D.; Stancari, M.; Stentz, D.; Sukhanov, A.; Thom, J.; Tonelli, D.; Torretta, D.; Velev, G.; Vellidis, C.; Verzocchi, M.; Wallny, R.; Wang, M. H. L. S.; Wester, W. C., III; Wilson, P.; Wittich, P.; Wolbers, S.; Xie, Y.; Yamada, R.; Yang, T.; Yasuda, T.; Ye, Z.; Yeh, G. P.; Yi, K.; Yin, H.; Yoh, J.; Youn, S. W.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Carrillo, S.; Field, R.; Konigsberg, J.; Vazquez, F.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Annovi, A.; Cordelli, M.; Giromini, P.; Happacher, F.; Kim, M. J.; Luca, A.; Ptohos, F.; Torre, S.; Volpi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
[Clark, A.; Lister, A.; Wu, X.] Univ Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
[Bussey, P.; Buzatu, A.; Robson, A.; St Denis, R.] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Catastini, P.; Franklin, M.; da Costa, J. Guimaraes] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Aaltonen, T.; Brucken, E.; Devoto, F.; Mehtala, P.; Orava, R.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div High Energy Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[Aaltonen, T.; Brucken, E.; Devoto, F.; Mehtala, P.; Orava, R.] Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[Carls, B.; Cavaliere, V.; Errede, S.; Esham, B.; Gerberich, H.; Matera, K.; Norniella, O.; Pitts, K.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Barnett, B. A.; Blumenfeld, B.; Giurgiu, G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Kambeitz, M.; Kreps, M.; Kuhr, T.; Lueck, J.; Muller, Th.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Expt Kernphys, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, H. S.; Lee, J. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, U. K.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Ctr High Energy Phys, Taegu 702701, South Korea.
[Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, H. S.; Lee, J. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, U. K.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
[Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, H. S.; Lee, J. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, U. K.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
[Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, H. S.; Lee, J. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, U. K.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol Informat, Taejon 305806, South Korea.
[Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, H. S.; Lee, J. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, U. K.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Chonnam Natl Univ, Kwangju 500757, South Korea.
[Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, H. S.; Lee, J. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, U. K.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Chonbuk Natl Univ, Jeonju 561756, South Korea.
[Bae, T.; Cho, K.; Jeon, E. J.; Joo, K. K.; Kamon, T.; Kim, D. H.; Kim, H. S.; Kim, J. E.; Kim, S. B.; Kim, Y. J.; Kong, D. J.; Lee, H. S.; Lee, J. S.; Noh, S. Y.; Oh, Y. D.; Uozumi, S.; Yang, U. K.; Yang, Y. C.; Yu, I.] Ewha Womans Univ, Seoul 120750, South Korea.
[Barbaro-Galtieri, A.; Cerri, A.; Lujan, P.; Lys, J.; Potamianos, K.; Pranko, A.; Yao, W. -M.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[D'Onofrio, M.; Manca, G.; McNulty, R.; Mehta, A.; Shears, T.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England.
[Campanelli, M.; Cerrito, L.; Lancaster, M.; Waters, D.] UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Fernandez Ramos, J. P.; Gonzalez Lopez, O.; Redondo Fernandez, I.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Gomez-Ceballos, G.; Goncharov, M.; Paus, C.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Alton, A.; Amidei, D.; Edgar, R.; Mietlicki, D.; Neal, H. A.; Qian, J.; Schwarz, T.; Tecchio, M.; Wilson, J. S.; Wright, T.; Yu, J. M.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Brock, R.; Bromberg, C.; Caughron, S.; Edmunds, D.; Fisher, W.; Geng, W.; Hussein, M.; Huston, J.; Johnson, E.; Linnemann, J.; Schwienhorst, R.; Shaw, S.; Tollefson, K.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Shreyber-Tecker, I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia.
[Gold, M.; Gorelov, I.; Palni, P.; Seidel, S.; Strologas, J.; Vogel, M.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Hughes, R. E.; Lannon, K.; Winer, B. L.; Wolfe, H.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Nakano, I.] Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan.
[Kato, Y.; Okusawa, T.; Seiya, Y.; Yamamoto, K.; Yamato, D.; Yoshida, T.] Osaka City Univ, Osaka 5588585, Japan.
[Azfar, F.; Farrington, S.; Hays, C.; Oakes, L.; Renton, P.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Amerio, S.; Bauce, M.; Busetto, G.; D'Errico, M.; Lucchesi, D.; Totaro, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Amerio, S.; Bauce, M.; Busetto, G.; D'Errico, M.; Lucchesi, D.] Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Heinrich, J.; Keung, J.; Kroll, J.; Lipeles, E.; Pianori, E.; Rodriguez, T.; Thomson, E.; Wagner, P.; Whiteson, D.; Williams, H. H.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Barria, P.; Bedeschi, F.; Bellettini, G.; Butti, P.; Carosi, R.; Chiarelli, G.; Cremonesi, M.; Di Canto, A.; Donati, S.; Galloni, C.; Garosi, P.; Introzzi, G.; Latino, G.; Leo, S.; Leone, S.; Maestro, P.; Marino, P.; Morello, M. J.; Piacentino, G.; Punzi, G.; Ristori, L.; Ronzani, M.; Ruffini, F.; Scuri, F.; Sforza, F.; Trovato, M.; Vernieri, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Bellettini, G.; Butti, P.; Di Canto, A.; Donati, S.; Galloni, C.; Punzi, G.; Ronzani, M.; Sforza, F.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Barria, P.; Garosi, P.; Latino, G.; Maestro, P.; Ruffini, F.] Univ Siena, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Marino, P.; Morello, M. J.; Trovato, M.; Vernieri, C.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
[Introzzi, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Introzzi, G.] Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Boudreau, J.; Gibson, K.; Nigmanov, T.; Shepard, P. F.; Song, H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Barnes, V. E.; Bortoletto, D.; Garfinkel, A. F.; Jones, M.; Laasanen, A. T.; Liu, Q.; Ranjan, N.; Vidal, M.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Bodek, A.; Budd, H. S.; de Barbaro, P.; Demina, R.; Ferbel, T.; Garcia-Bellido, A.; Ginther, G.; Han, J. Y.; Harel, A.; Petrillo, G.; Sakumoto, W. K.; Slattery, P.; Tsai, Y. -T.; Zielinski, M.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
[Bhatti, A.; Demortier, L.; Goulianos, K.; Lungu, G.; Malik, S.; Mesropian, C.] Rockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10065 USA.
[Giagu, S.; Iori, M.; Margaroli, F.; Rescigno, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Iori, M.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Asaadi, J.; Aurisano, A.; Cruz, D.; Elagin, A.; Goldin, D.; Hong, Z.; Kamon, T.; Nett, J.; Thukral, V.; Toback, D.] Texas A&M Univ, Mitchell Inst Fundamental Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Casarsa, M.; Cauz, D.; Dorigo, M.; Driutti, A.; Pagliarone, C.; Pauletta, G.; Santi, L.; Zanetti, A. M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
[Cauz, D.; Driutti, A.; Pauletta, G.; Santi, L.] Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
[Cauz, D.; Driutti, A.; Pauletta, G.; Santi, L.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
[Dorigo, M.] Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
[Hara, K.; Kim, S. H.; Kurata, M.; Miyake, H.; Nagai, Y.; Sato, K.; Shimojima, M.; Sudo, Y.; Takemasa, K.; Takeuchi, Y.; Tomura, T.; Ukegawa, F.] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
[Hare, M.; Napier, A.; Rolli, S.; Sliwa, K.] Tufts Univ, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
[Group, R. C.; Liu, H.; Neu, C.; Oksuzian, I.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22906 USA.
[Arisawa, T.; Ebina, K.; Funakoshi, Y.; Kimura, N.; Kondo, K.; Naganoma, J.; Sakurai, Y.; Yorita, K.] Waseda Univ, Tokyo 169, Japan.
[Clarke, C.; Harr, R. F.; Karchin, P. E.; Mattson, M. E.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
[Bellinger, J.; Carlsmith, D.; Herndon, M.; Parker, W.; Pondrom, L.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Husemann, U.; Lockwitz, S.; Loginov, A.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Hensel, C.; Maciel, A. K. A.; Santos, A. S.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, LAFEX, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Begalli, M.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Mercadante, P. G.] Univ Fed ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil.
[Han, L.; Jiang, P.; Liu, Y.; Yang, S.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
[Avila, C.; Negret, J. P.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia.
[Soustruznik, K.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Ctr Particle Phys, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Augsten, K.; Hubacek, Z.; Hynek, V.; Simak, V.; Vokac, P.] Czech Tech Univ, CR-16635 Prague, Czech Republic.
[Kupco, A.; Lokajicek, M.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Hoeneisen, B.] Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito, Ecuador.
[Badaud, F.; Gris, Ph.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, IN2P3, LPC, Clermont, France.
[Sajot, G.; Stark, J.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, IN2P3, LPSC,Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, Grenoble, France.
[Cousinou, M. -C.; Duperrin, A.; Geng, W.; Kajfasz, E.; Kermiche, S.; Nagy, E.; Osman, N.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France.
[Grivaz, J. -F.; Guillemin, T.; Jaffre, M.; Petroff, P.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, LAL, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Bernardi, G.; Brown, D.; Enari, Y.; Lellouch, J.; Li, D.; Zivkovic, L.] Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, Paris, France.
[Bernardi, G.; Brown, D.; Enari, Y.; Lellouch, J.; Li, D.; Zivkovic, L.] Univ Paris 07, CNRS, IN2P3, Paris, France.
[Bassler, U.; Besancon, M.; Chapon, E.; Couderc, F.; Deliot, F.; Grohsjean, A.; Hubacek, Z.; Royon, C.; Shary, V.; Titov, M.; Tuchming, B.; Vilanova, D.] CEA, Irfu, SPP, Saclay, France.
[Greder, S.; Miconi, F.; Ripp-Baudot, I.] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, IN2P3, IPHC, Strasbourg, France.
[Grenier, G.; Kurca, T.; Lebrun, P.] Univ Lyon 1, IPNL, CNRS, IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
[Grenier, G.; Kurca, T.; Lebrun, P.] Univ Lyon, Lyon, France.
[Hebbeker, T.; Meyer, A.; Sonnenschein, L.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst A 3, Aachen, Germany.
[Bernhard, R.; Madar, R.] Univ Freiburg, Inst Phys, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.
[Brandt, O.; Deterre, C.; Mansour, J.; Meyer, J.; Quadt, A.; Shabalina, E.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys 2, Gottingen, Germany.
[Buescher, V.; Fiedler, F.; Hohlfeld, M.; Weichert, J.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Mainz, Germany.
[Nunnemann, T.; Sanders, M. P.] Univ Munich, Munich, Germany.
[Beri, S. B.; Bhatnagar, V.; Dutt, S.; Kohli, J. M.] Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India.
[Choudhary, B.; Dubey, A.] Univ Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
[Acharya, B. S.; Banerjee, S.; Mondal, N. K.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India.
[Gruenewald, M. W.] Univ Coll Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Cho, S. W.; Choi, S.; Jeong, M. S.; Lee, H. S.; Lim, J. K.; Park, S. K.] Korea Univ, Korea Detector Lab, Seoul, South Korea.
[Camacho-Perez, E.; Castilla-Valdez, H.; De La Cruz-Burelo, E.; Garcia-Gonzalez, J. A.; Heredia-De la Cruz, I.; Luna-Garcia, R.; Magana-Villalba, R.; Martinez-Ortega, J.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.] CINVESTAV, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico.
[de Jong, S. J.; Filthaut, F.; Meijer, M. M.; van Leeuwen, W. M.] NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[de Jong, S. J.; Filthaut, F.; Meijer, M. M.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Gavrilov, V.; Kiselevich, I.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, Russia.
[Boos, E. E.; Bunichev, V.; Dudko, L. V.; Karmanov, D.; Kuzmin, V. A.; Merkin, M.; Perfilov, M.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia.
[Denisov, S. P.; Evdokimov, V. N.; Kozelov, A. V.; Lipaev, V. V.; Popov, A. V.; Prokopenko, N.; Razumov, I.; Shchukin, A. A.; Stoyanova, D. A.; Vasilyev, I. A.] Inst High Energy Phys, Protvino, Russia.
[Alkhazov, G.; Lobodenko, A.; Neustroev, P.; Scheglov, Y.; Uvarov, L.; Uvarov, S.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, Russia.
[Juste, A.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain.
[Juste, A.] Inst Fis Altes Energies, Barcelona, Spain.
[Buszello, C. P.] Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden.
[Bertram, I.; Borissov, G.; Burdin, S.; Fox, H.; Ratoff, P. N.; Ross, A.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England.
[Beuselinck, R.; Davies, G.; Hays, J.; Jesik, R.; Jonsson, P.; Scanlon, T.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Agnew, J. P.; Ding, P. F.; Harder, K.; Head, T.; Hesketh, G.; McGivern, C. L.; Peters, Y.; Petridis, K.; Price, D.; Schwanenberger, C.; Soeldner-Rembold, S.; Suter, L.; Vesterinen, M.; Wyatt, T. R.; Zhao, T. G.] Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Das, A.; Johns, K.; Lei, X.; Nayyar, R.; Varnes, E. W.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Ellison, J.; Heinson, A. P.; Joshi, J.; Li, L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Adams, T.; Askew, A.; Blessing, S.; Hoang, T.; Wahl, H. D.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Adams, M.; Bazterra, V.; Gerber, C. E.; Varelas, N.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Blazey, G.; Eads, M.; Feng, L.; Fortner, M.; Hedin, D.; Menezes, D.; Uzunyan, S.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA.
[Schellman, H.; Welty-Rieger, L.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Evans, H.; Lammers, S.; Parua, N.; Van Kooten, R.; Williams, M. R. J.; Zieminska, D.] Indiana Univ, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Parashar, N.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, IN 46323 USA.
[Chan, K. M.; Hildreth, M. D.; Osta, J.; Ruchti, R.; Smirnov, D.; Warchol, J.; Wayne, M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Hauptman, J. M.; Lee, S. W.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Baringer, P.; Bean, A.; Chen, G.; Clutter, J.; Sekaric, J.; Wilson, G. W.] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Atkins, S.; Sawyer, L.; Wobisch, M.] Louisiana Tech Univ, Ruston, LA 71272 USA.
[Barberis, E.; Wood, D. R.] Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Bhatia, S.; Holzbauer, J. L.; Kraus, J.; Quinn, B.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA.
[Bloom, K.; Claes, D.; DeVaughan, K.; Dominguez, A.; Katsanos, I.; Malik, S.; Snow, G. R.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Gershtein, Y.] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
[Tully, C.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Iashvili, I.; Kharchilava, A.; Kumar, A.; Zennamo, J.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Boline, D.; Chakrabarti, S.; Grannis, P. D.; Hobbs, J. D.; de Sa, R. Lopes; McCarthy, R.; Schamberger, R. D.; Tsybychev, D.; Ye, W.] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Patwa, A.; Pleier, M. -A.; Snyder, S.; Yip, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Snow, J.] Langston Univ, Langston, OK 73050 USA.
[Abbott, B.; Gutierrez, P.; Jayasinghe, A.; Severini, H.; Skubic, P.; Strauss, M.; Svoisky, P.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Haley, J.; Hegab, H.; Khanov, A.; Rizatdinova, F.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Cutts, D.; Heintz, U.; Jabeen, S.; Narain, M.; Parihar, V.; Partridge, R.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Brandt, A.; Howley, I.; Pal, A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
[Ilchenko, Y.; Kehoe, R.; Liu, H.] So Methodist Univ, Dallas, TX 75275 USA.
[Chandra, A.; Corcoran, M.; Hogan, J.; Orduna, J.; Prewitt, M.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Bandurin, D. V.; Hirosky, R.; Li, H.; Mulhearn, M.; Nguyen, H. T.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Watts, G.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Aaltonen, T (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Div High Energy Phys, Siltavuorenpenger 20D, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
RI Lokajicek, Milos/G-7800-2014; Grinstein, Sebastian/N-3988-2014; Paulini,
Manfred/N-7794-2014; Sharyy, Viatcheslav/F-9057-2014; Chiarelli,
Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Dudko, Lev/D-7127-2012; Kupco,
Alexander/G-9713-2014; Simak, Vladislav/H-2996-2014; Lysak,
Roman/H-2995-2014; Moon, Chang-Seong/J-3619-2014; Kozelov,
Alexander/J-3812-2014; Scodellaro, Luca/K-9091-2014; Punzi,
Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Yip, Kin/D-6860-2013; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011;
Li, Liang/O-1107-2015; Juste, Aurelio/I-2531-2015; Lei,
Xiaowen/O-4348-2014; Russ, James/P-3092-2014; vilar, rocio/P-8480-2014;
Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; Introzzi, Gianluca/K-2497-2015;
Piacentino, Giovanni/K-3269-2015; Marino, Pietro/N-7030-2015; song,
hao/I-2782-2012; Gorelov, Igor/J-9010-2015; maestro, paolo/E-3280-2010;
Merkin, Mikhail/D-6809-2012; Prokoshin, Fedor/E-2795-2012
OI Vidal Marono, Miguel/0000-0002-2590-5987; Hays,
Chris/0000-0003-2371-9723; Farrington, Sinead/0000-0001-5350-9271;
Robson, Aidan/0000-0002-1659-8284; Williams, Mark/0000-0001-5448-4213;
Grohsjean, Alexander/0000-0003-0748-8494; Dorigo,
Mirco/0000-0002-0681-6946; Brucken, Jens Erik/0000-0001-6066-8756;
Chapon, Emilien/0000-0001-6968-9828; Melnychuk,
Oleksandr/0000-0002-2089-8685; Ding, Pengfei/0000-0002-4050-1753; Torre,
Stefano/0000-0002-7565-0118; Grinstein, Sebastian/0000-0002-6460-8694;
Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787; Sharyy,
Viatcheslav/0000-0002-7161-2616; Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816;
Dudko, Lev/0000-0002-4462-3192; Moon, Chang-Seong/0000-0001-8229-7829;
Scodellaro, Luca/0000-0002-4974-8330; Punzi,
Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Margaroli, Fabrizio/0000-0002-3869-0153;
Latino, Giuseppe/0000-0002-4098-3502; Group, Robert/0000-0002-4097-5254;
iori, maurizio/0000-0002-6349-0380; Yip, Kin/0000-0002-8576-4311; Jun,
Soon Yung/0000-0003-3370-6109; Toback, David/0000-0003-3457-4144; Ruiz,
Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Li, Liang/0000-0001-6411-6107; Sawyer,
Lee/0000-0001-8295-0605; Hedin, David/0000-0001-9984-215X; Juste,
Aurelio/0000-0002-1558-3291; de Jong, Sijbrand/0000-0002-3120-3367;
Blessing, Susan/0000-0002-4455-7279; Duperrin,
Arnaud/0000-0002-5789-9825; Hoeneisen, Bruce/0000-0002-6059-4256;
Beuselinck, Raymond/0000-0003-2613-7446; Heinson,
Ann/0000-0003-4209-6146; grannis, paul/0000-0003-4692-2142; Qian,
Jianming/0000-0003-4813-8167; Bassler, Ursula/0000-0002-9041-3057;
Price, Darren/0000-0003-2750-9977; Filthaut, Frank/0000-0003-3338-2247;
Bertram, Iain/0000-0003-4073-4941; Malik, Sudhir/0000-0002-6356-2655;
Blazey, Gerald/0000-0002-7435-5758; Wahl, Horst/0000-0002-1345-0401;
Gershtein, Yuri/0000-0002-4871-5449; Bean, Alice/0000-0001-5967-8674;
Simonenko, Alexander/0000-0001-6580-3638; Lancaster,
Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; Casarsa, Massimo/0000-0002-1353-8964; Lei,
Xiaowen/0000-0002-2564-8351; Russ, James/0000-0001-9856-9155; Introzzi,
Gianluca/0000-0002-1314-2580; Piacentino, Giovanni/0000-0001-9884-2924;
Marino, Pietro/0000-0003-0554-3066; song, hao/0000-0002-3134-782X;
Gorelov, Igor/0000-0001-5570-0133; maestro, paolo/0000-0002-4193-1288;
Prokoshin, Fedor/0000-0001-6389-5399
FU DOE (USA); NSF (USA); ARC (Australia); CNPq (Brazil); FAPERJ (Brazil);
FAPESP (Brazil); FUNDUNESP (Brazil); NSERC (Canada); NSC (China); CAS
(China); CNSF (China); Colciencias (Colombia); MSMT (Czech Republic);
GACR (Czech Republic); Academy of Finland (France); CEA (France);
CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF (Germany); DFG (Germany); DAE (India); DST
(India); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MEXT (Japan); Korean World Class
University Program (Korea); NRF (Korea); CONACyT (Mexico); FOM
(Netherlands); MON (Russia); NRC KI (Russia); RFBR (Russia); Slovak R&D
Agency (Spain); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (Spain); Programa
Consolider-Ingenio (Spain); Swedish Research Council (Sweden); SNSF
(Switzerland); STFC (United Kingdom); Royal Society (United Kingdom);
A.P. Sloan Foundation (USA); EU community Marie Curie Fellowship
[302103]
FX We thank the Fermilab staff and technical staffs of the participating
institutions for their vital contributions. We acknowledge support from
the DOE and NSF (USA), ARC (Australia), CNPq, FAPERJ, FAPESP, and
FUNDUNESP (Brazil), NSERC (Canada), NSC, CAS, and CNSF (China),
Colciencias (Colombia), MSMT and GACR (Czech Republic), the Academy of
Finland, CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France), BMBF and DFG (Germany), DAE and
DST (India), SFI (Ireland), INFN (Italy), MEXT (Japan), the Korean World
Class University Program and NRF (Korea), CONACyT (Mexico), FOM
(Netherlands), MON, NRC KI, and RFBR (Russia), the Slovak R&D Agency,
the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, and Programa Consolider-Ingenio
2010 (Spain), The Swedish Research Council (Sweden), SNSF (Switzerland),
STFC and the Royal Society (United Kingdom), the A.P. Sloan Foundation
(USA), and the EU community Marie Curie Fellowship Contract No. 302103.
NR 72
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 2
U2 32
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
EI 1550-2368
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 89
IS 7
AR 072001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.072001
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA AE9FW
UT WOS:000334312300001
ER
PT J
AU Kong, K
Lee, HS
Park, M
AF Kong, Kyoungchul
Lee, Hye-Sung
Park, Myeonghun
TI Dark decay of the top quark
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLAS DETECTOR; COLLISIONS; SEARCH; BOSON; LHC
AB We suggest top quark decays as a venue to search for light dark force carriers. The top quark is the heaviest particle in the standard model whose decays are relatively poorly measured, allowing sufficient room for exotic decay modes from new physics. A very light (GeV scale) dark gauge boson (Z') is a recently highlighted hypothetical particle that can address some astrophysical anomalies as well as the 3.6 sigma deviation in the muon g - 2 measurement. We present and study a possible scenario that top quark decays as t -> bW + Z's. This is the same as the dominant top quark decay (t -> bW) accompanied by one or multiple dark force carriers. The Z' can be easily boosted, and it can decay into highly collimated leptons (lepton-jet) with large branching ratio. We discuss the implications for the Large Hadron Collider experiments including the analysis based on the lepton-jets.
C1 [Kong, Kyoungchul] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Lee, Hye-Sung] Coll William & Mary, Dept Phys, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
[Lee, Hye-Sung] Jefferson Lab, Theory Ctr, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Park, Myeonghun] Univ Tokyo, Kavli IPMU WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan.
RP Kong, K (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
FU U.S. DOE [DE-FG02-12ER41809, DE-AC05-06OR23177]; University of Kansas
General Research Fund allocation [2301566]; NSF [PHY-1068008]; World
Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT,
Japan
FX K. K. is supported by the U.S. DOE under Grant No. DE-FG02-12ER41809,
the University of Kansas General Research Fund allocation 2301566. H. L.
is supported by U.S. DOE under Grant No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, the NSF
under Grant No. PHY-1068008. M. P. is supported by the World Premier
International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan.
NR 43
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 89
IS 7
AR 074007
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.074007
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA AE9FW
UT WOS:000334312300004
ER
PT J
AU Qiao, CF
Zhu, RL
AF Qiao, Cong-Feng
Zhu, Rui-Lin
TI Understanding the cross section of e(+)e(-) -> eta J/psi process via
nonrelativistic QCD
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY QUARKONIUM; MIXING ANGLE; ANNIHILATION; AMPLITUDES
AB Motivated by the large cross section of the e(+)e(-) -> eta J / psi process measured by the BESIII and Belle Collaborations recently, we evaluate this process at Omicron alpha(4)(s) _ accuracy in the framework of nonrelativistic QCD. We find that the cross section at the center-of-mass energy root s = 4.009 GeV is 34.6 pb, which is consistent with the BESIII data. The comparison with the Belle data in the region from 4.0 to 5.3 GeV is also presented. Concerning the eta and eta' mixing and the potential gluonium component of eta', we also estimate the rate of the e(+)e(-) -> eta J / psi process, which can be checked within the updated Belle data.
C1 [Qiao, Cong-Feng; Zhu, Rui-Lin] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
[Qiao, Cong-Feng] USTC, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Particles & Interact, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
[Zhu, Rui-Lin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Nucl Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zhu, RL (reprint author), Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Phys, YuQuan Rd 19A, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
EM qiaocf@ucas.ac.cn; zhuruilin09@mails.ucas.ac.cn
RI Zhu, Rui-Lin/L-6440-2016
OI Zhu, Rui-Lin/0000-0001-6733-859X
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [10935012, 11121092,
11375200, 11175249]
FX We thank Feng Yuan, Xiaolong Wang, and Zhiqing Liu for useful
discussions. This work was supported in part by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Grants No. 10935012, No.
11121092, No. 11375200, and No. 11175249.
NR 41
TC 7
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U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
EI 1550-2368
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 89
IS 7
AR 074006
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.89.074006
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA AE9FW
UT WOS:000334312300003
ER
PT J
AU Rinderknecht, HG
Sio, H
Li, CK
Zylstra, AB
Rosenberg, MJ
Amendt, P
Delettrez, J
Bellei, C
Frenje, JA
Johnson, MG
Seguin, FH
Petrasso, RD
Betti, R
Glebov, VY
Meyerhofer, DD
Sangster, TC
Stoeckl, C
Landen, O
Smalyuk, VA
Wilks, S
Greenwood, A
Nikroo, A
AF Rinderknecht, H. G.
Sio, H.
Li, C. K.
Zylstra, A. B.
Rosenberg, M. J.
Amendt, P.
Delettrez, J.
Bellei, C.
Frenje, J. A.
Johnson, M. Gatu
Seguin, F. H.
Petrasso, R. D.
Betti, R.
Glebov, V. Yu.
Meyerhofer, D. D.
Sangster, T. C.
Stoeckl, C.
Landen, O.
Smalyuk, V. A.
Wilks, S.
Greenwood, A.
Nikroo, A.
TI First Observations of Nonhydrodynamic Mix at the Fuel-Shell Interface in
Shock-Driven Inertial Confinement Implosions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; NATIONAL-IGNITION-FACILITY; FUSION; OMEGA;
TARGETS
AB A strong nonhydrodynamic mechanism generating atomic fuel-shell mix has been observed in strongly shocked inertial confinement fusion implosions of thin deuterated-plastic shells filled with He-3 gas. These implosions were found to produce (DHe)-He-3-proton shock yields comparable to implosions of identical shells filled with a hydroequivalent 50:50 (DHe)-He-3 gas mixture. Standard hydrodynamic mixing cannot explain this observation, as hydrodynamic modeling including mix predicts a yield an order of magnitude lower than was observed. Instead, these results can be attributed to ion diffusive mix at the fuel-shell interface.
C1 [Rinderknecht, H. G.; Sio, H.; Li, C. K.; Zylstra, A. B.; Rosenberg, M. J.; Frenje, J. A.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Seguin, F. H.; Petrasso, R. D.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Amendt, P.; Bellei, C.; Landen, O.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Wilks, S.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Delettrez, J.; Betti, R.; Glebov, V. Yu.; Meyerhofer, D. D.; Sangster, T. C.; Stoeckl, C.] Univ Rochester, Laser Energet Lab, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Greenwood, A.; Nikroo, A.] Gen Atom Co, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
RP Rinderknecht, HG (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM hgr@mit.edu
OI /0000-0003-4969-5571
FU U.S. DOE [DE-NA0001857]; FSC [5-24431]; NLUF [DE-NA0002035]; LLE
[415935-G]; LLNL [B597367]; NNSA Stewardship Science Graduate Fellowship
[DE-FC52-08NA28752]
FX The authors thank R. Frankel and E. Doeg for contributing to the
processing of CR-39 data used in this work, the OMEGA operations crew
for their help in executing these experiments, and Dr. J.R. Rygg (LLNL)
and Dr. N. Hoffman (LANL) for valuable discussions regarding this work.
This work is presented in partial fulfillment of the first author's PhD
thesis and supported in part by U.S. DOE (Grant No. DE-NA0001857), FSC
(Grant No. 5-24431), NLUF (Grant No. DE-NA0002035), LLE (Grant No.
415935-G), LLNL (Grant No. B597367), and NNSA Stewardship Science
Graduate Fellowship (DE-FC52-08NA28752).
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 112
IS 13
AR 135001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.135001
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AE9OH
UT WOS:000334336600007
PM 24745431
ER
PT J
AU Taprogge, J
Jungclaus, A
Grawe, H
Nishimura, S
Doornenbal, P
Lorusso, G
Simpson, GS
Soderstrom, PA
Sumikama, T
Xu, ZY
Baba, H
Browne, F
Fukuda, N
Gernhauser, R
Gey, G
Inabe, N
Isobe, T
Jung, HS
Kameda, D
Kim, GD
Kim, YK
Kojouharov, I
Kubo, T
Kurz, N
Kwon, YK
Li, Z
Sakurai, H
Schaffner, H
Steiger, K
Suzuki, H
Takeda, H
Vajta, Z
Watanabe, H
Wu, J
Yagi, A
Yoshinaga, K
Benzoni, G
Bonig, S
Chae, KY
Coraggio, L
Covello, A
Daugas, JM
Drouet, F
Gadea, A
Gargano, A
Ilieva, S
Kondev, FG
Kroll, T
Lane, GJ
Montaner-Piza, A
Moschner, K
Mucher, D
Naqvi, F
Niikura, M
Nishibata, H
Odahara, A
Orlandi, R
Patel, Z
Podolyak, Z
Wendt, A
AF Taprogge, J.
Jungclaus, A.
Grawe, H.
Nishimura, S.
Doornenbal, P.
Lorusso, G.
Simpson, G. S.
Soederstroem, P. -A.
Sumikama, T.
Xu, Z. Y.
Baba, H.
Browne, F.
Fukuda, N.
Gernhaeuser, R.
Gey, G.
Inabe, N.
Isobe, T.
Jung, H. S.
Kameda, D.
Kim, G. D.
Kim, Y. -K.
Kojouharov, I.
Kubo, T.
Kurz, N.
Kwon, Y. K.
Li, Z.
Sakurai, H.
Schaffner, H.
Steiger, K.
Suzuki, H.
Takeda, H.
Vajta, Zs.
Watanabe, H.
Wu, J.
Yagi, A.
Yoshinaga, K.
Benzoni, G.
Boenig, S.
Chae, K. Y.
Coraggio, L.
Covello, A.
Daugas, J. -M.
Drouet, F.
Gadea, A.
Gargano, A.
Ilieva, S.
Kondev, F. G.
Kroell, T.
Lane, G. J.
Montaner-Piza, A.
Moschner, K.
Muecher, D.
Naqvi, F.
Niikura, M.
Nishibata, H.
Odahara, A.
Orlandi, R.
Patel, Z.
Podolyak, Zs.
Wendt, A.
TI 1p(3/2) Proton-Hole State in Sn-132 and the Shell Structure Along N=82
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-STRUCTURE
AB A low-lying state in In-131(82), the one-proton hole nucleus with respect to double magic Sn-132, was observed by its gamma decay to the I-pi 1/2(-) beta-emitting isomer. We identify the new state at an excitation energy of E-x = 1353 keV, which was populated both in the beta decay of Cd-131(83) and after beta-delayed neutron emission from Cd-132(84), as the previously unknown pi p(3/2) single-hole state with respect to the Sn-132 core. Exploiting this crucial new experimental information, shell-model calculations were performed to study the structure of experimentally inaccessible N = 82 isotones below Sn-132. The results evidence a surprising absence of proton subshell closures along the chain of N = 82 isotones. The consequences of this finding for the evolution of the N = 82 shell gap along the r-process path are discussed.
C1 [Taprogge, J.; Jungclaus, A.] CSIC, Inst Estruct Mat, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
[Taprogge, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Taprogge, J.; Nishimura, S.; Doornenbal, P.; Lorusso, G.; Soederstroem, P. -A.; Baba, H.; Browne, F.; Fukuda, N.; Gey, G.; Inabe, N.; Isobe, T.; Kameda, D.; Kubo, T.; Sakurai, H.; Suzuki, H.; Takeda, H.; Vajta, Zs.; Watanabe, H.; Wu, J.] RIKEN, Nishina Ctr, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
[Grawe, H.; Kojouharov, I.; Kurz, N.; Schaffner, H.] GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
[Simpson, G. S.; Gey, G.; Drouet, F.] Univ Grenoble 1, LPSC, CNRS, Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble,IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
[Sumikama, T.] Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
[Xu, Z. Y.; Sakurai, H.; Niikura, M.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Browne, F.] Univ Brighton, Sch Comp Engn & Math, Brighton BN2 4JG, E Sussex, England.
[Gernhaeuser, R.; Steiger, K.; Muecher, D.] Tech Univ Munich, Phys Dept E12, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Gey, G.] Inst Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France.
[Jung, H. S.] Chung Ang Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 156756, South Korea.
[Kim, G. D.; Kim, Y. -K.; Kwon, Y. K.] Inst for Basic Sci, Rare Isotope Sci Project, Taejon 305811, South Korea.
[Kim, Y. -K.] Hanyang Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Seoul 133791, South Korea.
[Li, Z.; Wu, J.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Li, Z.; Wu, J.] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Vajta, Zs.] MTA Atomki, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary.
[Yagi, A.; Nishibata, H.; Odahara, A.] Osaka Univ, Dept Phys, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan.
[Yoshinaga, K.] Tokyo Univ Sci, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Noda, Chiba 278, Japan.
[Benzoni, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Boenig, S.; Ilieva, S.; Kroell, T.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Kernphys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
[Chae, K. Y.] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
[Coraggio, L.; Covello, A.; Gargano, A.] Complesso Univ Monte S Angelo, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
[Covello, A.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Fis, Complesso Univ Monte S Angelo, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
[Daugas, J. -M.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France.
[Gadea, A.; Montaner-Piza, A.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, E-46980 Paterna, Spain.
[Kondev, F. G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Lane, G. J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Dept Nucl Phys, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Moschner, K.; Wendt, A.] Univ Cologne, IKP, D-50937 Cologne, Germany.
[Naqvi, F.] Yale Univ, Wright Nucl Struct Lab, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Orlandi, R.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Kern Stralingsfys, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
[Orlandi, R.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Adv Sci Res Ctr, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191195, Japan.
[Patel, Z.; Podolyak, Zs.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England.
RP Jungclaus, A (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Estruct Mat, Serrano 119, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
EM andrea.jungclaus@csic.es
RI SAKURAI, HIROYOSHI/G-5085-2014; Lane, Gregory/A-7570-2011; Gadea,
Andres/L-8529-2014; Coraggio, Luigi/P-4857-2015
OI Lane, Gregory/0000-0003-2244-182X; Gadea, Andres/0000-0002-4233-1970;
Coraggio, Luigi/0000-0002-4327-9107
FU Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [FPA2009-13377-C02,
FPA2011-29854-C04]; Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) [PROMETEO/2010/101];
Japanese government KAKENHI [25247045]; National Research Foundation of
Korea (NRF); Korea government (MEST) [NRF-2012R1A1A1041763]; Priority
Centers Research Program in Korea [2009-0093817]; OTKA [K-100835];
European Commission [300096]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Physics [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; German BMBF [05P12RDCIA,
05P12RDNUP]; HIC for FAIR
FX We thank the staff of the RIKEN Nishina Center accelerator complex for
providing stable beams with high intensities to the experiment. We
acknowledge the EUROBALL Owners Committee for the loan of germanium
detectors and the PreSpec Collaboration for the readout electronics of
the cluster detectors. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio
de Ciencia e Innovacion under Contracts No. FPA2009-13377-C02 and No.
FPA2011-29854-C04, the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) under grant
PROMETEO/2010/101, the Japanese government under contract KAKENHI
(25247045), the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded
by the Korea government (MEST) (No. NRF-2012R1A1A1041763), the Priority
Centers Research Program in Korea (2009-0093817), OTKA contract number
K-100835, the European Commission through the Marie Curie Actions call
FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IEF under Contract No. 300096, the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357
and the German BMBF (No. 05P12RDCIA and 05P12RDNUP) and HIC for FAIR.
NR 32
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 40
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 112
IS 13
AR 132501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.132501
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AE9OH
UT WOS:000334336600001
PM 24745408
ER
PT J
AU Frieman, J
AF Frieman, Joshua
TI Probing the accelerating UNIVERSE
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Article
ID BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; COSMIC ACCELERATION; DARK ENERGY;
SUPERNOVAE; CONSTANT
C1 [Frieman, Joshua] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Frieman, Joshua] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Frieman, J (reprint author), Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
NR 15
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
EI 1945-0699
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 67
IS 4
BP 28
EP 33
DI 10.1063/PT.3.2346
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AE8QT
UT WOS:000334267100018
ER
PT J
AU Gott, MD
Ballard, BD
Redman, LN
Maassen, JR
Taylor, WA
Engle, JW
Nortier, FM
Birnbaum, ER
John, KD
Wilbur, DS
Cutler, CS
Ketring, AR
Jurisson, SS
Fassbender, ME
AF Gott, Matthew D.
Ballard, Beau D.
Redman, Lindsay N.
Maassen, Joel R.
Taylor, Wayne A.
Engle, Jonathan W.
Nortier, F. Meiring
Birnbaum, Eva R.
John, Kevin D.
Wilbur, D. Scott
Cutler, Cathy S.
Ketring, Alan R.
Jurisson, Silvia S.
Fassbender, Michael E.
TI Radiochemical Study of Re/W Adsorption Behavior on a Strongly Basic
Anion Exchange Resin
SO RADIOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Re/W separation; Distribution coefficients; Adsorption kinetics;
Thermodynamics.
ID PROTON; IRRADIATION; RE-186G
AB Rhenium-186g is a radionuclide with a high potential for therapeutic applications. It emits therapeutic beta particles accompanied by low energy gamma-rays, which allows for in-vivo tracking of the radiolabeled compound and dosimetry estimates. The current reactor production pathway (185) Re(eta,gamma) Re-186g produces low specific activity Re-186g, thereby limiting its therapeutic application. Work is underway to develop an accelerator-based, charged particle induced production method for high specific activity Re-186g from targets of enriched W-186. To optimize the chemical Re-186g recovery method, batch studies have been performed to characterize the adsorption behavior of Re and W on a strongly basic anion exchange resin. An indepth physicochemical profile was developed for the interaction of Re with resin material, which showed the reaction to be endothermic and spontaneous. Basic (NaOH) and acidic (HNO 3) matrices were used to determine the equilibrium distribution coefficients for Re and W. The resin exhibits the best affinity for Re at slightly basic conditions and little affinity above moderately acidic concentrations. Tungsten has lowaffinity for the resin abovemoderately basic concentrations. A study was performed to examine the effect of W concentration on Re adsorption, which showed that even a high ionicWO(4) (2-) strength of up to 1.9mol kg (- 1) does not significantly compromise ReO4- retention on the resin.
C1 [Gott, Matthew D.; Ballard, Beau D.; Redman, Lindsay N.; Maassen, Joel R.; Taylor, Wayne A.; Engle, Jonathan W.; Nortier, F. Meiring; Birnbaum, Eva R.; John, Kevin D.; Fassbender, Michael E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Gott, Matthew D.; Jurisson, Silvia S.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Gott, Matthew D.; Cutler, Cathy S.; Ketring, Alan R.] Univ Missouri, Res Reactor Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Wilbur, D. Scott] Univ Washington, Dept Radiat Oncol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Fassbender, ME (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM mifa@lanl.gov
RI Ballard, Beau/E-2925-2017;
OI Ballard, Beau/0000-0003-1206-9358; John, Kevin/0000-0002-6181-9330;
Nortier, Francois/0000-0002-7549-8101
FU United States Department of Energy through the Office of Science,
Nuclear Physics [DE-FOA-0000048, DE-SC0007348]; LANL/LDRD Program; G.T.
Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science; National Science Foundation
under IGERT award [DGE-0965983]
FX The authors would like to thank the Los Alamos National Laboratory
Isotope Production team and the University of Missouri Research Reactor
staff for conducting the irradiations necessary to obtain the Re and W
radiotracers for this study. We also duly acknowledge the support of the
United States Department of Energy through the Office of Science,
Nuclear Physics (DE-FOA-0000048 and DE-SC0007348), the LANL/LDRD
Program, the G.T. Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science, and
trainee support from the National Science Foundation under IGERT award
DGE-0965983 (M. D. Gott) for funding this work.
NR 19
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 21
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0033-8230
J9 RADIOCHIM ACTA
JI Radiochim. Acta
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 102
IS 4
BP 325
EP 332
DI 10.1515/ract-2013-2144
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AE8YK
UT WOS:000334288800005
ER
PT J
AU Magnelind, PE
Kim, YJ
Matlashov, AN
Newman, SG
Volegov, PL
Espy, MA
AF Magnelind, P. E.
Kim, Y. J.
Matlashov, A. N.
Newman, S. G.
Volegov, P. L.
Espy, M. A.
TI Toward early cancer detection using superparamagnetic relaxometry in a
SQUID-based ULF-MRI system
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity (EUCAS)
CY SEP 15-19, 2013
CL Genoa, ITALY
DE cancer detection; SQUIDs; relaxometry
ID NANOPARTICLES; SENSORS; CELLS
AB To detect cancer at a very early state it is essential to detect a very small quantity of cancerous cells. One very sensitive method relies on targeting the cancer cells using antibody labeled single-core magnetic nanoparticles and detecting the relaxation of the magnetization using instruments based on superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). However, the localization suffers from inverse-problem issues similar to those found in magnetoencephalography. On the other hand, the same magnetic nanoparticles can also work as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Through the combination of superparamagnetic relaxometry and ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging (ULF MRI), in one and the same instrument, the accuracy of the magnetic moment localization can be enhanced and anatomical information can also be obtained. Results on superparamagnetic relaxometry and the dipole localization accuracy in our seven-channel low-T-c SQUID-gradiometer array are reported.
C1 [Magnelind, P. E.; Kim, Y. J.; Matlashov, A. N.; Newman, S. G.; Volegov, P. L.; Espy, M. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Modern Phys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Magnelind, PE (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Appl Modern Phys Grp, POB 1663,MS D454, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM per@lanl.gov
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 15
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
EI 1361-6668
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 4
AR 044031
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/27/4/044031
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AF0WT
UT WOS:000334435900034
ER
PT J
AU Maiorov, B
Mele, P
Baily, SA
Weigand, M
Lin, SZ
Balakirev, FF
Matsumoto, K
Nagayoshi, H
Fujita, S
Yoshida, Y
Ichino, Y
Kiss, T
Ichinose, A
Mukaida, M
Civale, L
AF Maiorov, B.
Mele, P.
Baily, S. A.
Weigand, M.
Lin, S-Z
Balakirev, F. F.
Matsumoto, K.
Nagayoshi, H.
Fujita, S.
Yoshida, Y.
Ichino, Y.
Kiss, T.
Ichinose, A.
Mukaida, M.
Civale, L.
TI Inversion of the upper critical field anisotropy in FeTeS films
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity (EUCAS)
CY SEP 15-19, 2013
CL Genoa, ITALY
DE upper critical field; anisotropy; two-band superconductor; chalcogens;
thin films
ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
AB We present the complete superconducting upper critical field ( Hc(2))-temperature. (T) diagram of FeTeS films measured at three crystalline orientations ( H parallel to c, 45 degrees and ab). We find that Hc(2) is almost isotropic in magnetic field orientation with mu H-0(c2) (T = 0) similar to 30 T and a transition temperature of T-c similar to 7 K. A small but clear Hc(2) angular anisotropy is observed, with a crossover around T = 0: 7(Tc,) from H-c2 parallel to c/< H-c2. (parallel to ab)/ for T > 0: 7T(c) to H-c2 (()parallel to c)/> H-c2. (parallel to ab) for T < 0: 7T(c). This change in the anisotropy is similar to that observed in FeTeS and FeTeSe single crystals but occurs at a higher T/ Tc for our film. We analyze the H-c2. (T) in terms of pair-breaking mechanisms and two-band superconductor theory. Understanding the inversion of Hc2 opens the possibility to adjust the effective anisotropy of superconductors for different applications.
C1 [Maiorov, B.; Baily, S. A.; Weigand, M.; Balakirev, F. F.; Civale, L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CMMS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Mele, P.] Hiroshima Univ, Inst Sustainable Sci & Dev, Higashihiroshima 7398530, Japan.
[Mele, P.] Alamos Natl Lab, AOT IC, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Lin, S-Z] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Matsumoto, K.; Nagayoshi, H.; Fujita, S.] Kyushu Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8048550, Japan.
[Mukaida, M.] Kyushu Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Fukuoka 812858, Japan.
[Yoshida, Y.; Ichino, Y.] Nagoya Univ, Dept Energy Engn & Sci, Nagoya, Aichi 4648603, Japan.
[Matsumoto, K.; Yoshida, Y.; Ichino, Y.; Kiss, T.; Ichinose, A.; Mukaida, M.] JST TRIP, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan.
[Kiss, T.] Kyushu Univ, Dept Elect & Elect Syst Engn, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan.
[Ichinose, A.] Elect Power Engn Res Lab, CRIEPI, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2400196, Japan.
RP Maiorov, B (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MPA CMMS, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM maiorov@lanl.gov
RI Lin, Shi-Zeng/B-2906-2008; Kiss, Takanobu/M-4067-2014; U-ID,
Kyushu/C-5291-2016;
OI Lin, Shi-Zeng/0000-0002-4368-5244; Kiss, Takanobu/0000-0001-6380-8435;
Maiorov, Boris/0000-0003-1885-0436; Civale, Leonardo/0000-0003-0806-3113
NR 27
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 25
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
EI 1361-6668
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 4
AR 044005
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/27/4/044005
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AF0WT
UT WOS:000334435900008
ER
PT J
AU Wu, JZ
Shi, JJ
Baca, JF
Emergo, R
Haugan, TJ
Maiorov, B
Holesinger, T
AF Wu, Judy Z.
Shi, Jack J.
Baca, Javier F.
Emergo, Rose
Haugan, Timothy J.
Maiorov, Boris
Holesinger, Terry
TI The effect of lattice strain on the diameter of BaZrO3 nanorods in
epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-delta films
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity (EUCAS)
CY SEP 15-19, 2013
CL Genoa, ITALY
DE YBCO film; nanostructure; lattice strain; pinning; nanocomposites
ID THIN-FILMS
AB An elastic strain model has been applied in an effort to understand the effect of the lattice strain on the diameter of the BaZrO3 (BZO) nanorods self-assembled into aligned arrays along the c-axis in BZO-doped epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) thin films. The calculated elastic energy of the strained BZO/YBCO composite lattice suggests that the diameter of the nanorods is approximately independent of the doping concentration of BZO as long as the density of the nanorods is sufficiently large. An experimental confirmation was carried out using transmission electron microscopy on YBCO thin films with BZO doping varying from 2% to 6% volume concentration. The diameter of the BZO nanorods was indeed found to be approximately constant in the range of 5.2-5.9 nm. The increase of the doping concentration therefore simply leads to an increase of the nanorod density, which links directly to the matching field of the effective pinning and is consistent with the transport J(c) results measured for these samples.
C1 [Wu, Judy Z.; Shi, Jack J.; Baca, Javier F.; Emergo, Rose] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Haugan, Timothy J.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Maiorov, Boris; Holesinger, Terry] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Shi, JJ (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM jshi@ku.edu
OI Maiorov, Boris/0000-0003-1885-0436
NR 20
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 27
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
EI 1361-6668
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 4
AR 044010
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/27/4/044010
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AF0WT
UT WOS:000334435900013
ER
PT J
AU de Villers, BJT
MacKenzie, RCI
Jasieniak, JJ
Treat, ND
Chabinyc, ML
AF de Villers, Bertrand J. Tremolet
MacKenzie, Roderick C. I.
Jasieniak, Jacek J.
Treat, Neil D.
Chabinyc, Michael L.
TI Linking Vertical Bulk-Heterojunction Composition and Transient
Photocurrent Dynamics in Organic Solar Cells with Solution- Processed
MoO x Contact Layers
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE drift-diffusion; metal oxide; solution processing; molybdenum oxide;
organic solar cells; photocurrent dynamics
ID OXIDE INTERFACIAL LAYER; LOW-TEMPERATURE; DEVICE PERFORMANCE;
THIN-FILMS; POLYMER; RECOMBINATION; EFFICIENCY; POLYMER/FULLERENE;
BLENDS; STATES
AB It is demonstrated that a combination of microsecond transient photocurrent measurements and film morphology characterization can be used to identify a charge-carrier blocking layer within polymer:fullerene bulk-heterojunction solar cells. Solution-processed molybdenum oxide (s-MoOx) interlayers are used to control the morphology of the bulk-heterojunction. By selecting either a low- or high-temperature annealing (70 degrees C or 150 degrees C) for the s-MoOx layer, a well-performing device is fabricated with an ideally interconnected, high-efficiency morphology, or a device is fabricated in which the fullerene phase segregates near the hole extracting contact preventing efficient charge extraction. By probing the photocurrent dynamics of these two contrasting model systems as a function of excitation voltage and light intensity, the optoelectronic responses of the solar cells are correlated with the vertical phase composition of the polymer:fullerene active layer, which is known from dynamic secondary-ion mass spectroscopy (DSIMS). Numerical simulations are used to verify and understand the experimental results. The result is a method to detect poor morphologies in operating organic solar cells.
C1 [de Villers, Bertrand J. Tremolet; Treat, Neil D.; Chabinyc, Michael L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[MacKenzie, Roderick C. I.] Dept Mech Mat & Mfg Engn, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Jasieniak, Jacek J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ctr Polymer & Organ Solids, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP de Villers, BJT (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM bertrand@mrl.ucsb.edu; mchabinyc@engineering.ucsb.edu
RI SPIEL, CSIRO/C-2809-2013; Tremolet de Villers, Bertrand/A-5628-2010
OI Tremolet de Villers, Bertrand/0000-0001-8685-539X
FU DoD Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-10-1-0110]; Department of
Energy; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER46535]; NSF ConvEne IGERT Program [NSF-DGE
0801627]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship; CSIRO; Australian Research
Council through the APD [DP110105341]; Australian Solar Institute USASEC
research exchange program; Fulbright Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme;
MRSEC Program of the NSF [DMR-1121053]; NSF
FX M.L.C. and B.T.d.V. were supported as part of the DoD Defense Threat
Reduction Agency under award HDTRA1-10-1-0110. Parts of this research
were supported by the Department of Energy under a grant titled "Charge
Recombination, Transport Dynamics, and Interfacial Effects in Organic
Solar Cells"; DOE #DE-FG02-08ER46535. N.D.T. acknowledges support from
the NSF ConvEne IGERT Program (NSF-DGE 0801627), and NSF Graduate
Research Fellowship. J.J.J. thanks Prof. Alan Heeger for hosting him
while at UCSB and for providing insightful discussions. He also
acknowledges financial support through CSIRO, Australian Research
Council for support through the APD grant DP110105341, the Australian
Solar Institute USASEC research exchange program, and the Fulbright
Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme. Portions of this research were carried
out at the MRL Central Facilities, which is supported by the MRSEC
Program of the NSF under Award No. DMR-1121053; a member of the
NSF-funded Materials Research Facilities Network (www.mrfn.org).
NR 57
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 5
U2 49
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 5
AR 1301290
DI 10.1002/aenm.201301290
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AE1DT
UT WOS:000333708100014
ER
PT J
AU Gao, J
Dou, LT
Chen, W
Chen, CC
Guo, XR
You, JB
Bob, B
Chang, WH
Strzalka, J
Wang, C
Li, G
Yang, Y
AF Gao, Jing
Dou, Letian
Chen, Wei
Chen, Chun-Chao
Guo, Xuanrong
You, Jingbi
Bob, Brion
Chang, Wei-Hsuan
Strzalka, Joseph
Wang, Cheng
Li, Gang
Yang, Yang
TI Improving Structural Order for a High-Performance
Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Polymer Solar Cell with a Thick Active Layer
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE thick active layers; diketopyrrolopyrrole; thienylbenzodithiophene;
polymer side chains; high carrier mobility
ID LOW-BANDGAP POLYMER; POWER CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; OPEN-CIRCUIT VOLTAGE;
CONJUGATED POLYMERS; TANDEM POLYMER; PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS; SOLVENT
ADDITIVES; PHASE-SEPARATION; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; GAP POLYMERS
AB A series of low-bandgap polymers based on thienyl benzodithiophene (BDTT) and furan-substituted diketopyrrolopyrrole (FDPP) units with different side chains are presented. By replacing the branched ethylhexyl group on the FDPP unit with linear side chains, the structural order and carrier mobility of the modified polymers are enhanced accordingly. The power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of single-junction devices based on polymers of this series are improved from approximate to 5% to approximate to 7%. More importantly, devices made from the modified polymers show excellent photovoltaic performance with a thick active layer of up to 360 nm, a very promising characteristic for the industrial implementation of polymer solar cell devices.
C1 [Gao, Jing; Dou, Letian; Chen, Chun-Chao; Guo, Xuanrong; You, Jingbi; Bob, Brion; Chang, Wei-Hsuan; Li, Gang; Yang, Yang] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Chen, Wei] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Chen, Wei] Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Strzalka, Joseph] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Wang, Cheng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Li, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM gangl@ucla.edu; yangy@ucla.edu
RI Chen, Wei/G-6055-2011; Li, Gang/A-5667-2012; Yang, Yang/A-2944-2011;
You, Jingbi/A-2941-2011; Wang, Cheng/A-9815-2014;
OI Chen, Wei/0000-0001-8906-4278; Li, Gang/0000-0001-8399-7771; You,
Jingbi/0000-0002-4651-9081; GAO, JING/0000-0003-2059-0290
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0250]; National Science Foundation
[DMR-1210893]; UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied
Science; NSF [DGE-0903720]
FX J.G. and L.D. contributed equally to this work. This work was
financially supported by the Office of Naval Research (Grant no.
N00014-11-1-0250; program manager: P. Armistead), and the National
Science Foundation (Grant no. DMR-1210893; program manager: A. J.
Lovinger). G.L. would like to thank the UCLA Henry Samueli School of
Engineering and Applied Science for financial support. C.-C.C. would
like to thank NSF-funded IGERT: Clean Energy for Green Industry
Fellowship (Grant DGE-0903720). The authors thank C.-C.C. for
proofreading the manuscript. They also thank the California Nano Systems
Institute for providing experimental facilities and technical support.
The authors thank Jenna B. Howard and Prof. Barry Thompson at the Loker
Hydrocarbon Research Institute and the Department of Chemistry at the
University of Southern California for the size-exclusion chromatography
(GPC) analysis.
NR 68
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 6
U2 61
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 5
AR 1300739
DI 10.1002/aenm.201300739
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AE1DT
UT WOS:000333708100018
ER
PT J
AU Liu, F
Zhao, W
Tumbleston, JR
Wang, C
Gu, Y
Wang, D
Briseno, AL
Ade, H
Russell, TP
AF Liu, Feng
Zhao, Wei
Tumbleston, John R.
Wang, Cheng
Gu, Yu
Wang, Dong
Briseno, Alejandro L.
Ade, Harald
Russell, Thomas P.
TI Understanding the Morphology of PTB7: PCBM Blends in Organic
Photovoltaics
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE organic photovoltaics; structure-property relationships; morphology; low
bandgap polymers; crystallization; diffusion
ID POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; POWER-CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; OPEN-CIRCUIT VOLTAGE;
POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); ADDITIVES; DIFFUSION
AB The structure-property relationships of PTB7-phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)-based organic photovoltaics are investigated. The morphology is investigated in an active layer setting where a multi-length-scale morphology is observed using a solvent additive-assisted film processing. This multi-length-scale structure consists of a phase separated morphology with a characteristic length scale of approximate to 30 nm, which is critical for producing large currents in devices; a second length scale of approximate to 130 nm, arises from face-on PTB7 crystalline aggregates. This latter morphological feature is also observed in films prepared without the use of an additive. By observing the structure formation in situ during solvent evaporation for blade coated thin films, the additive is found to promote the formation of ordered domains of the PTB7 at an earlier stage during the solvent evaporation, which is critical in the development of the final morphology. In studies on PTB7/PCBM bilayers, PCBM is found to diffuse into the PTB7 layer. However, the performance of devices prepared in this manner is low. This diffusion leads to a swelling of the PTB7 and a reduction in the crystallinity of the PTB7, reflecting the strong miscibility of PCBM with PTB7. The morphology resulting from the interdiffusion is single-length-scale with slightly large phase separation. This leads to devices with poor performance.
C1 [Liu, Feng; Zhao, Wei; Gu, Yu; Wang, Dong; Briseno, Alejandro L.; Russell, Thomas P.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Tumbleston, John R.; Ade, Harald] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Wang, Cheng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Russell, TP (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM tom.p.russell@gmail.com
RI Wang, Cheng/A-9815-2014; Wang, Dong/A-7863-2010; Liu, Feng/J-4361-2014
OI Liu, Feng/0000-0002-5572-8512
FU Polymer-Based Materials for Harvesting Solar Energy (PHaSE), an Energy
Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001087]; DOE [DE-FG02-98ER45737]; DOE, Office of
Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences
FX This work was supported by Polymer-Based Materials for Harvesting Solar
Energy (PHaSE), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under award number
DE-SC0001087. STXM characterization and analysis by J.T. and H.A. was
supported by DOE (DE-FG02-98ER45737). Portions of this research were
carried out at beamline 11.0.1.2, 7.3.3, 5.3.2, at the Advanced Light
Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which was supported by
the DOE, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences. the
authors thank T. Mates at University of California, Santa Barbara for
performing the DSIMS experiments. The authors also thank A. Hexemer, E.
Schaible, A.L.D Kilcoyne and A. Young at LBNL for assisting with the
experiments.
NR 30
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 10
U2 179
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 5
AR 1301377
DI 10.1002/aenm.201301377
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AE1DT
UT WOS:000333708100011
ER
PT J
AU Woo, JJ
Zhang, ZC
Amine, K
AF Woo, Jung-Je
Zhang, Zhengcheng
Amine, Khalil
TI Separator/Electrode Assembly Based on Thermally Stable Polymer for Safe
Lithium-Ion Batteries
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE separator; electrode assembly; thermal shrinkage; safety; lithium-ion
batteries; electric vehicles
ID SEPARATORS; CHALLENGES; COMPOSITE; MEMBRANE
C1 [Woo, Jung-Je; Zhang, Zhengcheng; Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Zhang, ZC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM zzhang@anl.gov
FU US Department of Energy's Integrated Laboratory/Industry Research
Project (ILIRP); [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy's Integrated
Laboratory/Industry Research Project (ILIRP). Argonne, a U.S. Department
of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 20
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 61
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 5
AR 1301208
DI 10.1002/aenm.201301208
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AE1DT
UT WOS:000333708100015
ER
PT J
AU Yu, XQ
Lyu, YC
Gu, L
Wu, HM
Bak, SM
Zhou, YN
Amine, K
Ehrlich, SN
Li, H
Nam, KW
Yang, XQ
AF Yu, Xiqian
Lyu, Yingchun
Gu, Lin
Wu, Huiming
Bak, Seong-Min
Zhou, Yongning
Amine, Khalil
Ehrlich, Steven N.
Li, Hong
Nam, Kyung-Wan
Yang, Xiao-Qing
TI Understanding the Rate Capability of High-Energy-Density Li-Rich Layered
Li 1.2 Ni 0.15 Co 0.1 Mn 0.55 O 2 Cathode Materials
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE lithium-ion batteries; Li-rich materials; layered materials; cathodes;
rate performance; kinetics
ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; SITU X-RAY;
LOCAL-STRUCTURE; FINE-STRUCTURE; ELECTROCHEMICAL ACTIVITY; HIGH-VOLTAGE;
ELECTRODES; LI2MNO3; MANGANESE
AB The high-energy-density, Li-rich layered materials, i.e., xLiMO(2)(1-x)Li2MnO3, are promising candidate cathode materials for electric energy storage in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs). The relatively low rate capability is one of the major problems that need to be resolved for these materials. To gain insight into the key factors that limit the rate capability, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies of the cathode material, Li1.2Ni0.15Co0.1Mn0.55O2 [0.5Li(Ni0.375Co0.25 Mn-0.375)O(2)0.5Li(2)MnO(3)], are carried out. The partial capacity contributed by different structural components and transition metal elements is elucidated and correlated with local structure changes. The characteristic reaction kinetics for each element are identified using a novel time-resolved XAS technique. Direct experimental evidence is obtained showing that Mn sites have much poorer reaction kinetics both before and after the initial activation of Li2MnO3, compared to Ni and Co. These results indicate that Li2MnO3 may be the key component that limits the rate capability of Li-rich layered materials and provide guidance for designing Li-rich layered materials with the desired balance of energy density and rate capability for different applications.
C1 [Yu, Xiqian; Bak, Seong-Min; Zhou, Yongning; Ehrlich, Steven N.; Nam, Kyung-Wan; Yang, Xiao-Qing] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Chem, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Lyu, Yingchun; Gu, Lin; Li, Hong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Huiming; Amine, Khalil] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Li, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
EM hli@iphy.ac.cn; knam@bnl.gov; xyang@bnl.gov
RI Gu, Lin/D-9631-2011; Li, Hong/C-4643-2008; Zhou, Yong-Ning/I-9579-2014;
Nam, Kyung-Wan/B-9029-2013; Nam, Kyung-Wan/E-9063-2015; Lyu,
Yingchun/F-9893-2015; Yu, Xiqian/B-5574-2014; Bak, Seong
Min/J-4597-2013;
OI Gu, Lin/0000-0002-7504-031X; Li, Hong/0000-0002-8659-086X; Nam,
Kyung-Wan/0000-0001-6278-6369; Nam, Kyung-Wan/0000-0001-6278-6369; Lyu,
Yingchun/0000-0003-3229-1175; Yu, Xiqian/0000-0001-8513-518X; Bak,
Seong-Min/0000-0002-1626-5949
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy; Office of Vehicle Technologies [DE-AC02-98CH10886,
DE-AC02-06CH11357]; CAS Innovation project [KJCX2-YW-W26]; "973" project
[2012CB932900]
FX The authors thank Dr. Daniel Abraham at Argonne National Laboratory for
providing the samples. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies under Contract Number
DE-AC02-98CH10886 for BNL and Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 for ANL.
This work at IOP, CAS was funded by CAS Innovation project
(KJCX2-YW-W26) and "973" project (2012CB932900). The authors acknowledge
technical support from the beamline scientists at X14A, X18A, X19A
(NSLS, BNL) and 11-BM-B at APS (APS, ANL).
NR 49
TC 86
Z9 87
U1 32
U2 378
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 5
AR 1300950
DI 10.1002/aenm.201300950
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AE1DT
UT WOS:000333708100012
ER
PT J
AU Finsterle, S
Sonnenthal, EL
AF Finsterle, Stefan
Sonnenthal, Eric L.
TI TOUGH Symposium 2012 Foreword
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Finsterle, Stefan; Sonnenthal, Eric L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Finsterle, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, One Cyclotron Rd,MS 74-120, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM SAFinsterle@lbl.gov; ELSonnenthal@lbl.gov
RI Sonnenthal, Eric/A-4336-2009; Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009
OI Finsterle, Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
SI SI
BP 1
EP 1
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2014.01.003
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AE5CP
UT WOS:000334005700001
ER
PT J
AU Finsterle, S
Sonnenthal, EL
Spycher, N
AF Finsterle, Stefan
Sonnenthal, Eric L.
Spycher, Nicolas
TI Advances in subsurface modeling using the TOUGH suite of simulators
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Numerical simulation; Coupled processes; Multiphase flow; Reactive
transport; TOUGH
ID REACTIVE GEOCHEMICAL TRANSPORT; SATURATED FRACTURED ROCKS; NONISOTHERMAL
FLUID-FLOW; YUCCA MOUNTAIN; POROUS-MEDIA; CALCITE PRECIPITATION; ISOTOPE
FRACTIONATION; RESERVOIR SIMULATION; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; GEOTHERMAL
RESERVOIR
AB The TOUGH suite of nonisothermal multiphase flow and transport simulators is continually updated to improve the analysis of complex subsurface processes through numerical modeling. Driven by research questions in the Earth sciences and by application needs in industry and government organizations, the codes are extended to include the coupling of relevant processes and subsystems, to improve computational performance, to support model development and analysis tasks, and to provide more convenient pre- and post-processing capabilities. This review paper briefly describes the history of the simulator, discusses recent advances, and comments on potential future developments and applications. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Finsterle, Stefan; Sonnenthal, Eric L.; Spycher, Nicolas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Finsterle, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, One Cyclotron Rd,MS 74-120, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM SAFinsterle@lbl.gov; ELSonnenthal@lbl.gov; NSpycher@lbl.gov
RI Sonnenthal, Eric/A-4336-2009; Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009; Spycher,
Nicolas/E-6899-2010
OI Finsterle, Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906;
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; TOUGH Development Grant
FX We would like to thank the three anonymous reviewers for their comments.
This work was supported, in part, by the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Individual enhancements to the TOUGH
codes were sponsored my numerous DOE offices as well as collaborating
institutions. Moreover, some developments were funded through the TOUGH
Development Grant, which is supplied by the TOUGH developers, who donate
their portion of the royalty income from TOUGH licenses to the Grant.
NR 118
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
SI SI
BP 2
EP 12
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.06.009
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AE5CP
UT WOS:000334005700002
ER
PT J
AU Asahina, D
Houseworth, JE
Birkholzer, JT
Rutqvist, J
Bolander, JE
AF Asahina, D.
Houseworth, J. E.
Birkholzer, J. T.
Rutqvist, J.
Bolander, J. E.
TI Hydro-mechanical model for wetting/drying and fracture development in
geomaterials
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Coupled modeling; TOUGH2; Lattice models; Discrete fracture network;
Desiccation cracking; Voronoi tessellation
ID PARTICULATE MATERIALS; CO2 SEQUESTRATION; FLUID-FLOW; DESICCATION;
CRACKING; ROCK; STRESS; SHRINKAGE; NETWORKS; GEOMETRY
AB This paper presents a modeling approach for studying hydro-mechanical coupled processes, including fracture development, within geological formations. This is accomplished through the novel linking of two codes: TOUGH2, which is a widely used simulator of subsurface multiphase flow based on the finite volume method; and an implementation of the Rigid-Body-Spring Network (RBSN) method, which provides a discrete (lattice) representation of material elasticity and fracture development. The modeling approach is facilitated by a Voronoi-based discretization technique, capable of representing discrete fracture networks. The TOUGH-RBSN simulator is intended to predict fracture evolution, as well as mass transport through permeable media, under dynamically changing hydrologic and mechanical conditions. Numerical results are compared with those of two independent studies involving hydro-mechanical coupling: (1) numerical modeling of swelling stress development in bentonite; and (2) experimental study of desiccation cracking in a mining waste. The comparisons show good agreement with respect to moisture content, stress development with changes in pore pressure, and time to crack initiation. The observed relationship between material thickness and crack patterns (e.g., mean spacing of cracks) is captured by the proposed modeling approach. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Asahina, D.; Houseworth, J. E.; Birkholzer, J. T.; Rutqvist, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Bolander, J. E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Asahina, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, One Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM dasahina@lbl.gov
RI Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011; Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015; Houseworth,
James/D-8749-2015
OI Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912; Rutqvist,
Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785;
FU Used Fuel Disposition Campaign, Office of Nuclear Energy, of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Berkeley Lab [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Laura Blanco Martin and Daniel Hawkes
at LBNL for their careful review of a draft manuscript. The experimental
data of Rodriguez et al. (2007) are available from 2008 Canadian Science
Publishing or its licensors and were reproduced with licensing
permission from the National Research Council of Canada Research Press.
Funding for this work was provided by the Used Fuel Disposition
Campaign, Office of Nuclear Energy, of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract number DE-AC02-05CH11231 with Berkeley Lab.
NR 59
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 33
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
SI SI
BP 13
EP 23
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.12.009
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AE5CP
UT WOS:000334005700003
ER
PT J
AU Pan, PZ
Rutqvist, J
Feng, XT
Yan, F
AF Pan, Peng-Zhi
Rutqvist, Jonny
Feng, Xia-Ting
Yan, Fei
TI TOUGH-RDCA modeling of multiple fracture interactions in caprock during
CO2 injection into a deep brine aquifer
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE RDCA; TOUGH2; Multiple fractures interaction; CO2 sequestration;
Fracture propagation
ID PLANE-STRAIN PROPAGATION; FLUID-DRIVEN FRACTURE; FINITE-ELEMENT-METHOD;
HYDRAULIC FRACTURES; CELLULAR-AUTOMATON; SIMULATION; STORAGE; ROCKS;
CODE; FLOW
AB The interaction between multiple fractures (e.g., hydraulic fractures and pre-existing natural fractures) is important in the analysis of a number of geoengineering applications, such as in the evaluation of the stability and integrity of caprock during underground CO2 sequestration. Here, we present new developments and applications of a model for analyzing coupled multiphase fluid flow and geomechanical processes during fracturing involving multiple fractures and their interactions. Based on a numerical code, i.e., rock discontinuous cellular automaton (RDCA), we introduce a discontinuous displacement function for representing multiple discontinuities, and develop an algorithm to deal with a propagating fracture that interacts with other discontinuities. By applying multiphase fluid pressure to fracture surfaces, the RDCA has the ability to simulate multiphase fluid flow-driven fracturing. The RDCA technique incorporates the discontinuity of the crack independently of the mesh, such that the cracks can be arbitrarily located within an element. This method does not require any remeshing for multiple cracks growth, an aspect that greatly reduces the complexity and improves efficiency in modeling multiple-fracture propagation. The RDCA is integrated with the TOUGH2 multiphase flow and heat-transport simulator by a sequential coupling algorithm, using mixed FORTRAN and C+ + programming. The coupled TOUGH2 and RDCA code is applied to simulate the multiple fracture interaction in caprock induced by CO2 injection into a deep brine aquifer. The simulation results show hydraulic fracture trajectory, fracture aperture, and pressures as a function of injection time. Fluid flow (driven by CO2 injection) into natural fractures and their transition to hydraulic fractures is simulated. The injection pressure profile shows the complexity of the fracturing and its impact on CO2 migration and caprock integrity. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pan, Peng-Zhi; Feng, Xia-Ting; Yan, Fei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.
[Pan, Peng-Zhi; Rutqvist, Jonny] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Pan, PZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, State Key Lab Geomech & Geotech Engn, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.
EM panpz@163.com
RI Rutqvist, Jonny/F-4957-2015
OI Rutqvist, Jonny/0000-0002-7949-9785
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51322906, 41272349];
National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB732006]; U.S. Department
of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was finically supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China under Grant nos. 51322906 and 41272349 and the
National Basic Research Program of China under Grant no. 2010CB732006,
and in part, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 41
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 32
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
SI SI
BP 24
EP 36
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.09.005
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AE5CP
UT WOS:000334005700004
ER
PT J
AU Pan, LH
Oldenburg, CM
AF Pan, Lehua
Oldenburg, Curtis M.
TI T2Well-An integrated wellbore-reservoir simulator
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Numerical simulator; Coupled wellbore-reservoir flow; Multiphase;
Multicomponents
ID 2-PHASE FLOW; INJECTION; SYSTEMS; CARBON; SEQUESTRATION; PRESSURE;
LEAKAGE; MODEL
AB At its most basic level, management of subsurface fluid resources involves a system comprising the wellbore and the target reservoir. As discrete pathways through geologic formations, boreholes and wells are critical to the success of many water, energy, and environmental management operations. Although many stand-alone simulators for two-phase flow in wellbores with various levels of sophistication have been developed, simulating non-isothermal, multiphase, and multi-component flows in both the wellbore and in the porous or fractured media reservoir as an integrated system remains a challenging yet important task. The difficulties include (1) different governing equations apply to the wellbore and the reservoir that need to be solved efficiently in a uniform framework, (2) the significant contrast in temporal and spatial scales between the wellbore and the reservoir that results in a very challenging set of stiff partial differential equations, and (3) other complexities (e.g., dry-out) that can be caused by flow processes between the wellbore and the reservoir. To address the need to simulate coupled wellbore-reservoir flow, we have developed T2Well, a numerical simulator for non-isothermal, multiphase, and multi-component flows in the integrated wellbore-reservoir system. The new model extends the existing numerical reservoir simulator TOUGH2 to calculate the flow in both the wellbore and the reservoir simultaneously and efficiently by introducing a special wellbore sub-domain into the numerical grid. For grid blocks in the wellbore sub-domain, we solve the 1D momentum equation of the mixture (which may be two-phase) as described by the drift-flux model (DFM). A novel mixed implicit-explicit scheme for friction in the wellbore is applied to facilitate the solution of the momentum equation, while other variables are calculated fully implicitly. Applications of the new simulator to problems in various fields are presented to demonstrate its capabilities. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Pan, Lehua; Oldenburg, Curtis M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth Sci Div 90 1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Pan, LH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth Sci Div 90 1116, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM lpan@lbl.gov; cmoldenburg@lbl.gov
RI Oldenburg, Curtis/L-6219-2013; Pan, Lehua/G-2439-2015
OI Oldenburg, Curtis/0000-0002-0132-6016;
FU CO2 Capture Project (CCP) of the Joint Industry Program (BP); National
Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) through the National Energy
Technology Laboratory; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors also thank Christine Doughty (LBNL) for an internal review
that helped to improve the paper. This work was supported, in part, by
the CO2 Capture Project (CCP) of the Joint Industry Program
(BP), by the National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) through the
Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Office of Sequestration,
Hydrogen, and Clean Coal Fuels, through the National Energy Technology
Laboratory, and by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under U.S.
Department of Energy Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 21
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 15
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
SI SI
BP 46
EP 55
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.06.005
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AE5CP
UT WOS:000334005700006
ER
PT J
AU Moridis, GJ
Freeman, CM
AF Moridis, George J.
Freeman, Craig M.
TI The RealGas and RealGasH2O options of the TOUGH plus code for the
simulation of coupled fluid and heat flow in tight/shale gas systems
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Numerical simulation; Fractured media; Multicomponent flow; Coupled flow
and heat flow; Shale gas; Real gas mixture
ID POROUS-MEDIA; RESERVOIR SYSTEMS; TIGHT GAS; EQUATION; DIFFUSION;
BEHAVIOR; METHANE; STATE; MODEL; COAL
AB We developed two new EOS additions to the TOUGH+ family of codes, the RealGasH2O and RealGas. The RealGasH2O EOS option describes the non-isothermal two-phase flow of water and a real gas mixture in gas reservoirs, with a particular focus in ultra-tight (such as tight-sand and shale gas) reservoirs. The gas mixture is treated as either a single-pseudo-component having a fixed composition, or as a multicomponent system composed of up to 9 individual real gases. The RealGas option has the same general capabilities, but does not include water, thus describing a single-phase, dry-gas system. In addition to the standard capabilities of all members of the TOUGH+ family of codes (fully-implicit, compositional simulators using both structured and unstructured grids), the capabilities of the two codes include coupled flow and thermal effects in porous and/or fractured media, real gas behavior, inertial (Klinkenberg) effects, full micro-flow treatment, Darcy and non-Darcy flow through the matrix and fractures of fractured media, single- and multi-component gas sorption onto the grains of the porous media following several isotherm options, discrete and fracture representation, complex matrix-fracture relationships, and porosity-permeability dependence on pressure changes. The two options allow the study of flow and transport of fluids and heat over a wide range of time frames and spatial scales not only in gas reservoirs, but also in problems of geologic storage of greenhouse gas mixtures, and of geothermal reservoirs with multi-component condensable (H2O and CH4) and non-condensable gas mixtures.
The codes are verified against available analytical and semi-analytical solutions. Their capabilities are demonstrated in a series of problems of increasing complexity, ranging from isothermal flow in simpler 1D and 2D conventional gas reservoirs, to non-isothermal gas flow in 3D fractured shale gas reservoirs involving 4 types of fractures, micro-flow, non-Darcy flow and gas composition changes during production. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Moridis, George J.; Freeman, Craig M.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Freeman, Craig M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Petr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Moridis, GJ (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM gjmoridis@lbl.gov; george.moridis@pe.tamu.edu
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [DW-89-92235901-C]; Research
Partnership to Secure Energy for America (RPSEA) through the
Ultra-Deepwater and Unconventional Natural Gas and Other Petroleum
Resources Research and Development Program [08122-45]
FX The research described in this article has been funded by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency through Interagency Agreement
(DW-89-92235901-C) to the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and by
the Research Partnership to Secure Energy for America (RPSEA) -
(Contract no. 08122-45) through the Ultra-Deepwater and Unconventional
Natural Gas and Other Petroleum Resources Research and Development
Program as authorized by the US Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 2005. The
views expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily reflect the views or policies of the EPA.
NR 68
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U1 0
U2 43
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
SI SI
BP 56
EP 71
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.09.010
PG 16
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AE5CP
UT WOS:000334005700007
ER
PT J
AU Wainwright, HM
Finsterle, S
Jung, YJ
Zhou, QL
Birkholzer, JT
AF Wainwright, Haruko M.
Finsterle, Stefan
Jung, Yoojin
Zhou, Quanlin
Birkholzer, Jens T.
TI Making sense of global sensitivity analyses
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Global sensitivity analysis; Morris OAT method; Sobol index;
Variance-based sensitivity indices
ID MODELS; INDEXES
AB This study presents improved understanding of sensitivity analysis methods through a comparison of the local sensitivity and two global sensitivity analysis methods: the Morris and Sobol'/Saltelli methods. We re-interpret the variance-based sensitivity indices from the Sobol'/Saltelli method as difference-based measures. It suggests that the difference-based local and Morris methods provide the effect of each parameter including its interaction with others, similar to the total sensitivity index from the Sobol '/Saltelli method. We also develop an alternative approximation method to efficiently compute the Sobol' index, using one-dimensional fitting of system responses from a Monte-Carlo simulation. For illustration, we conduct a sensitivity analysis of pressure propagation induced by fluid injection and leakage in a reservoir-aquitard-aquifer system. The results show that the three methods provide consistent parameter importance rankings in this system. Our study also reveals that the three methods can provide additional information to improve system understanding. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wainwright, Haruko M.; Finsterle, Stefan; Jung, Yoojin; Zhou, Quanlin; Birkholzer, Jens T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wainwright, HM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM hmwainwright@lbl.gov
RI Zhou, Quanlin/B-2455-2009; Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009; Wainwright,
Haruko/A-5670-2015; Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011; Jung,
Yoojin/G-2519-2015
OI Zhou, Quanlin/0000-0001-6780-7536; Finsterle,
Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906; Wainwright, Haruko/0000-0002-2140-6072;
Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912;
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory, National Risk Assessment
Partnership, of the US Department of Energy [DEAC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was funded by the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy,
National Energy Technology Laboratory, National Risk Assessment
Partnership, of the US Department of Energy under Contract no.
DEAC02-05CH11231. The authors wish to thank George Pau of Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory for his technical review, and three
anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.
NR 21
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U1 4
U2 36
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
SI SI
BP 84
EP 94
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.06.006
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AE5CP
UT WOS:000334005700009
ER
PT J
AU Wellmann, JF
Finsterle, S
Croucher, A
AF Wellmann, J. Florian
Finsterle, Stefan
Croucher, Adrian
TI Integrating structural geological data into the inverse modelling
framework of iTOUGH2
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Uncertainty; Implicit geological modelling; Multiphase flow simulation;
Sensitivity analysis; Parameter estimation; Monte Carlo
ID INTERPOLATION; ZONE; PARAMETERIZATION; FIELD; ALPS
AB The validity of subsurface flow simulations strongly depends on the accuracy of relevant rock property values and their distribution in space. In realistic simulations, this spatial distribution is based on two geological considerations: (1) the subsurface structural setting, and (2) smaller-scale heterogeneity within a hydrostratigraphic unit. Both aspects are subject to uncertainty, whereas techniques to address heterogeneity are well established, no general method exists to evaluate the influence of structural uncertainties. We present a method to include structural geological data (e.g. observations of geological contacts and faults) directly into an inversion framework, with the aim of enabling the inversion routine to adapt a full 3-D geological model with a set of geological parameters. In order to achieve this aim, we use a set of Python modules to combine several pre-existing codes into one workflow, to facilitate the consideration of a structural model in the typical model evaluation steps of sensitivity analysis, parameter estimation, and uncertainty propagation analysis. In a synthetic study, we then test the application of these three steps to analyse CO2 injection into an anticlinal structure with the potential of leakage through a fault zone. We consider several parts of the structural setting as uncertain, most importantly the position of the fault zone. We then evaluate (1) how sensitive CO2 arriving in several observation wells would be with respect to the geological parameters, (2) if it would be possible to determine the leak location from observations in shallow wells, and (3) how parametric uncertainty affects the expected CO2 leakage amount. In all these cases, our main focus is to consider the influence of the primary geological data on model outputs. We demonstrate that the integration of structural data into the iTOUGH2 framework enables the inversion routines to adapt the geological model, i.e. to re-generate the entire structural model based on changes in several sensitive geological parameters. Our workflow is a step towards a combined analysis of uncertainties not only in local heterogeneities but in the structural setting as well, for a more complete integration of geological knowledge into conceptual and numerical models. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wellmann, J. Florian] CSIRO Earth Sci & Resource Engn, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia.
[Finsterle, Stefan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Croucher, Adrian] Univ Auckland, Dept Engn Sci, Auckland, New Zealand.
RP Wellmann, JF (reprint author), CSIRO Earth Sci & Resource Engn, 26 Dick Perry Ave, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia.
EM florian.wellmann@graduate.uwa.edu.au
RI Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009; Wellmann, Florian/N-5041-2016
OI Finsterle, Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906; Wellmann,
Florian/0000-0003-2552-1876
FU CSIRO Office of the Chief Executive Post-Doctoral Fellowship scheme
within the CSIRO Earth Science and Resource Engineering Division; U.S.
Dept. of Energy [DE-AC02- 05CH11231]
FX We would like to thank the three anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments. The first author is funded by a CSIRO Office of
the Chief Executive Post-Doctoral Fellowship scheme within the CSIRO
Earth Science and Resource Engineering Division. The work of the second
author was supported, in part, by the U.S. Dept. of Energy under
Contract no. DE-AC02- 05CH11231. Special thanks to Intrepid Geophysics
Ltd. for providing an academic version of the software GeoModeller.
NR 51
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
SI SI
BP 95
EP 109
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.10.014
PG 15
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AE5CP
UT WOS:000334005700010
ER
PT J
AU Pau, GSH
Zhang, YQ
Finsterle, S
Wainwright, H
Birkholzer, J
AF Pau, George Shu Heng
Zhang, Yingqi
Finsterle, Stefan
Wainwright, Haruko
Birkholzer, Jens
TI Reduced order modeling in iTOUGH2
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Surrogate models; Radial basis function; Gaussian process regression;
Hydrogeology; Uncertainty quantification
ID APPROXIMATION CONCEPTS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION;
ENGINEERING DESIGN; GAUSSIAN-PROCESSES; INVERSE PROBLEMS; SCALE;
SIMULATION; PERFORMANCE; REGRESSION
AB The inverse modeling and uncertainty quantification capabilities of iTOUGH2 are augmented with reduced order models (ROMs) that act as efficient surrogates for computationally expensive high fidelity models (HFMs). The implementation of the ROM capabilities involves integration of three main computational components. The first component is the ROM itself. Two response surface approximations are currently implemented: Gaussian process regression (GPR) and radial basis function (RBF) interpolation. The second component is a multi-output adaptive sampling procedure that determines the sample points used to construct the ROMs. The third component involves defining appropriate error measures for the adaptive sampling procedure, allowing ROMs to be constructed efficiently with limited user intervention. Details in all three components must complement one another to obtain an accurate approximation. The new capability and its integration with other analysis tools within iTOUGH2 are demonstrated in two examples. The results from using the ROMs in an uncertainty quantification analysis and a global sensitivity analysis compare favorably with the results obtained using the HFMs. GPR is more accurate than RBF, but the difference can be small and similar conclusion can be deduced from the analyses. In the second example involving a realistic numerical model for a hypothetical industrial-scale carbon storage project in the Southern San Joaquin Basin, California, USA, significant reduction in computational effort can be achieved when ROMs are used to perform a rigorous global sensitivity analysis. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Pau, George Shu Heng; Zhang, Yingqi; Finsterle, Stefan; Wainwright, Haruko; Birkholzer, Jens] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Pau, GSH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 74-0120, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM gpau@lbl.gov; yqzhang@lbl.gov; safinsterle@lbl.gov;
hmwainwright@lbl.gov; jtbirkholzer@lbl.gov
RI Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009; Wainwright, Haruko/A-5670-2015;
Birkholzer, Jens/C-6783-2011; Pau, George Shu Heng/F-2363-2015; Zhang,
Yingqi/D-1203-2015
OI Finsterle, Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906; Wainwright,
Haruko/0000-0002-2140-6072; Birkholzer, Jens/0000-0002-7989-1912; Pau,
George Shu Heng/0000-0002-9198-6164;
FU Office of Sequestration, Hydrogen, and Clean Coal Fuels, of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; TOUGH2 development grant
FX We would like to thank the editor and three anonymous reviewers for
their constructive comments. This work was conducted as part of Berkeley
Lab's National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) effort, supported by
the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy, Office of Sequestration,
Hydrogen, and Clean Coal Fuels, of the U.S. Department of Energy, under
Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and the TOUGH2 development grant.
NR 42
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
SI SI
BP 118
EP 126
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.08.008
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AE5CP
UT WOS:000334005700012
ER
PT J
AU Commer, M
Kowalsky, MB
Doetsch, J
Newman, GA
Finsterle, S
AF Commer, Michael
Kowalsky, Michael B.
Doetsch, Joseph
Newman, Gregory A.
Finsterle, Stefan
TI MPiTOUGH2: A parallel parameter estimation framework for hydrological
and hydrogeophysical applications
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogeophysics; Joint inversion; Parallel computing; Gauss-Newton
optimization; CO2 sequestration
ID INDUCED-POLARIZATION; INVERSION; RESISTIVITY
AB We present a parallel joint hydrogeophysical parameter estimation framework specifically relevant for a class of inverse modeling applications where a large number of simulations of multi-phase, multicomponent flow and transport through porous media impose exceedingly large computing demands. A modified Levenberg-Marquardt minimization algorithm provides for a robust and efficient calibration of complex models. The optimization framework is based on the parameter estimation and uncertainty analysis tool iTOUGH2, which we have parallelized using the Message Passing Interface in order to address the main computational burden of assessing parameter sensitivities. An underlying layer of hydrological and geophysical forward simulation operators use domain decomposition and parallel iterative Krylov solver techniques. The geophysical forward simulation operators originate from parallel algorithms for electrical and electromagnetic data types that have proven successful in solving large-scale imaging problems arising in geothermal as well as oil and gas exploration applications. We have pursued a consequent merge of the hydrological optimization framework with the geophysical component in order to maximize the efficiencies of the Message Passing Interface. The method offers new possibilities by combining hydrological data with geophysical measurements that involve, for example, time-harmonic electromagnetic fields. We first show improved model resolution capabilities on a synthetic joint inversion example where controlled-source electromagnetic observations are combined with hydrological data simulated from a conservative tracer injection experiment. Next, the method is applied to a 3-D joint inversion of field data from a CO2 injection experiment, where the required multiphase, multi-component flow and transport simulations are highly computationally demanding. Overall improved data fits are achieved for both CO2 gas mole fractions and observed relative changes in electrical conductivity derived from geophysical measurements. 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Commer, Michael; Kowalsky, Michael B.; Doetsch, Joseph; Newman, Gregory A.; Finsterle, Stefan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Doetsch, Joseph] Aarhus Univ, Dept Geosci, Aarhus, Denmark.
RP Commer, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 74R0120, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM MCommer@lbl.gov
RI Finsterle, Stefan/A-8360-2009; Newman, Gregory/G-2813-2015; Doetsch,
Joseph/A-9438-2008; Commer, Michael/G-3350-2015
OI Finsterle, Stefan/0000-0002-4446-9906; Doetsch,
Joseph/0000-0002-2927-9557; Commer, Michael/0000-0003-0015-9217
FU LBNL Laboratory Directed Research and Development program; National Risk
Assessment Partnership (NRAP); American Recovery and Reinvestment Act,
of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by a LBNL Laboratory Directed Research and
Development program and by the National Risk Assessment Partnership
(NRAP), with funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, of
the US Department of Energy under Award Number DE-AC02-05CH11231 to
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The authors thank Ken Williams
(LBNL) for helpful discussions related to the first example considered
in this study. In addition, for providing data for the second example,
the authors would like to thank all the members of the Cranfield SECARB
team, including Charles Carrigan (LLNL) and Douglas LaBrecque (MPT) for
the ERT data, and Barry Freifeld and Paul Cook (LBNL) for the U-tube
design and others at the Texas Bureau of Economic Geology and Gulf Coast
Carbon Center for U-tube data collection. The constructive comments by
three anonymous reviewers are greatly appreciated.
NR 39
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U1 2
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 65
SI SI
BP 127
EP 135
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2013.06.011
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AE5CP
UT WOS:000334005700013
ER
PT J
AU Park, P
Khadilkar, H
Balakrishnan, H
Tomlin, C
AF Park, Pangun
Khadilkar, Harshad
Balakrishnan, Hamsa
Tomlin, Claire
TI Hybrid Communication Protocols and Control Algorithms for NextGen
Aircraft Arrivals
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B); conflict detection
and resolution; hybrid communication and control; Next Generation Air
Transportation System (NextGen)
ID AIR-TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT; CONFLICT-RESOLUTION; RADIO NETWORKS;
FREE-FLIGHT; AVOIDANCE; SYSTEMS; FLOWS
AB Capacity constraints imposed by current air traffic management technologies and protocols could severely limit the performance of the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). A fundamental design decision in the development of this system is the level of decentralization that balances system safety and efficiency. A new surveillance technology called automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) can be potentially used to shift air traffic control to amore distributed architecture; however, channel variations and interference with existing secondary radar replies can affect ADS-B systems. This paper presents a framework for managing arrivals at an airport by using a hybrid centralized/distributed algorithm for communication and control. The algorithm combines the centralized control that is used in congested regions with the distributed control that is used in lower traffic density regions. The hybrid algorithm is evaluated through realistic simulations of operations around a major airport. The proposed strategy is shown to significantly improve air traffic control performance under various operating conditions by adapting to the underlying communication, navigation, and surveillance systems. The performance of the proposed strategy is found to be comparable to fully centralized strategies, despite requiring significantly less ground infrastructure.
C1 [Park, Pangun; Tomlin, Claire] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Coll Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Khadilkar, Harshad; Balakrishnan, Hamsa] MIT, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Tomlin, Claire] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Park, P (reprint author), Elect & Telecommun Res Inst, Informat Technol Convergence Technol Res Lab, Taejon 305700, South Korea.
EM pgpark@etri.re.kr; harshadk@mit.edu; hamsa@mit.edu;
tomlin@eecs.berkeley.edu
FU National Science Foundation through the Cyber-Physical Systems:
ActionWebs [CNS-931843]; Office of Naval Research through the
Multidisciplinary University Research Initiatives (MURIs) Research
Programs of the Heterogeneous Unmanned Networked Teams [N0014-08-0696];
Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research
and Technology (SMART) [N00014-09-1-1051, N00014-12-1-0609]; Air Force
Office of Scientific Research through the Control of Heterogeneous
Autonomous Sensors for Situational Awareness (CHASE) MURI Program
[FA9550-10-1-0567]
FX Manuscript received February 26, 2013; revised July 22, 2013; accepted
October 2, 2013. Date of publication October 22, 2013; date of current
version March 28, 2014. This work was supported in part by the National
Science Foundation through the Cyber-Physical Systems: ActionWebs under
Grant CNS-931843; by the Office of Naval Research through the
Multidisciplinary University Research Initiatives (MURIs) Research
Programs of the Heterogeneous Unmanned Networked Teams under Grant
N0014-08-0696 and the Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) under Grant
N00014-09-1-1051, and under Grant N00014-12-1-0609; and by the Air Force
Office of Scientific Research through the Control of Heterogeneous
Autonomous Sensors for Situational Awareness (CHASE) MURI Program under
Grant FA9550-10-1-0567. The Associate Editor for this paper was J.-P.B.
Clarke.
NR 38
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Z9 2
U1 2
U2 17
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1524-9050
EI 1558-0016
J9 IEEE T INTELL TRANSP
JI IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 2
BP 615
EP 626
DI 10.1109/TITS.2013.2285116
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation
Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Transportation
GA AF3AW
UT WOS:000334584800014
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, BM
AF Johnson, B. M.
TI Closed-form shock solutions
SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE compressible flows; Navier-Stokes equations; shock waves
AB It is shown here that a subset of the implicit analytical shock solutions discovered by Becker and by Johnson can be inverted, yielding several exact closed-form solutions of the one-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations for an ideal gas. For a constant dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity, and at particular values of the shock Mach number, the velocity can be expressed in terms of a polynomial root. For a constant kinematic viscosity, independent of Mach number, the velocity can be expressed in terms of a hyperbolic tangent function. The remaining fluid variables are related to the velocity through simple algebraic expressions. The solutions derived here make excellent verification tests for numerical algorithms, since no source terms in the evolution equations are approximated, and the closed-form expressions are straightforward to implement. The solutions are also of some academic interest as they may provide insight into the nonlinear character of the Navier-Stokes equations and may stimulate further analytical developments.
C1 Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Johnson, BM (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM johnson359@llnl.gov
FU Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX I thank the referees for their comments. This work was performed under
the auspices of Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, under
contract no. DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 12
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0022-1120
EI 1469-7645
J9 J FLUID MECH
JI J. Fluid Mech.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 745
AR R1
DI 10.1017/jfm.2014.107
PG 11
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA AE3VY
UT WOS:000333907700001
ER
PT J
AU McNutt, NW
Wang, Q
Rios, O
Keffer, DJ
AF McNutt, N. W.
Wang, Q.
Rios, O.
Keffer, D. J.
TI Entropy-driven structure and dynamics in carbon nanocrystallites
SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SINGLE-LAYER; GRAPHITE; GRAPHENE; SIMULATION;
BATTERIES; INTERCALATION; HYDROCARBONS; INTERFACES; PYROLYSIS
AB New carbon composite materials are being developed that contain carbon nanocrystallites in the range of 5-17 in radius dispersed within an amorphous carbon matrix. Evaluating the applicability of these materials for use in battery electrodes requires a molecular-level understanding of the thermodynamic, structural, and dynamic properties of the nanocrystallites. Herein, molecular dynamics simulations reveal the molecular-level mechanisms for such experimental observations as the increased spacing between carbon planes in nanocrystallites as a function of decreasing crystallite size. As the width of this spacing impacts Li-ion capacity, an explanation of the origin of this distance is relevant to understanding anode performance. It is thus shown that the structural configuration of these crystallites is a function of entropy. The magnitude of out-of-plane ripples, binding energy between layers, and frequency of characteristic planar modes are reported over a range of nanocrystallite sizes and temperatures. This fundamental information for layered carbon nanocrystallites may be used to explain enhanced lithium ion diffusion within the carbon composites.
C1 [McNutt, N. W.; Wang, Q.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Rios, O.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Keffer, D. J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Keffer, DJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM dkeffer@utk.edu
RI Rios, Orlando/E-6856-2017
OI Rios, Orlando/0000-0002-1814-7815
FU Joint Directed Research and Development program (JDRD) of the University
of Tennessee Science Alliance; Oak Ridge Associated Universities High
Performance Computing Program; Sustainable Energy Education and Research
Center of the University of Tennessee; NSF [OCI 07-11134.5]; Laboratory
Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National
Laboratory
FX Q. W. was supported by the Joint Directed Research and Development
program (JDRD) of the University of Tennessee Science Alliance. N.M. was
supported by a grant from the Oak Ridge Associated Universities High
Performance Computing Program and by a grant from the Sustainable Energy
Education and Research Center of the University of Tennessee. This
research project used resources of the National Institute for
Computational Sciences (NICS) supported by NSF under agreement number:
OCI 07-11134.5. This research was also sponsored in part by the
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U. S.
Department of Energy. We thank Dr. Don Nicholson for invaluable advice
during the preparation of this manuscript.
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1388-0764
EI 1572-896X
J9 J NANOPART RES
JI J. Nanopart. Res.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 16
IS 4
DI 10.1007/s11051-014-2365-7
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AE7HX
UT WOS:000334169200001
ER
PT J
AU Fowler, JS
AF Fowler, Joanna S.
TI Brookhaven Names Fowler as Scientist Emeritus
SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Fowler, JS (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC
PI RESTON
PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA
SN 0161-5505
EI 1535-5667
J9 J NUCL MED
JI J. Nucl. Med.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 55
IS 4
BP 13N
EP 13N
PG 1
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA AE3XB
UT WOS:000333910600005
ER
PT J
AU Yung, MMC
Ma, JC
Salemi, MR
Phinney, BS
Bowman, GR
Jiao, YQ
AF Yung, Mimi C.
Ma, Jincai
Salemi, Michelle R.
Phinney, Brett S.
Bowman, Grant R.
Jiao, Yongqin
TI Shotgun Proteomic Analysis Unveils Survival and Detoxification
Strategies by Caulobacter crescentus during Exposure to Uranium,
Chromium, and Cadmium
SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE bacterial proteome; heavy metal resistance; uranium; chromium; cadmium;
cell cycle
ID SHEWANELLA-ONEIDENSIS MR-1; ACUTE CHROMATE CHALLENGE; IRON-SULFUR
CLUSTERS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; HEAVY-METAL; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CELL-CYCLE;
RESPONSES; PROTEINS; RESISTANCE
AB The ubiquitous bacterium Caulobacter crescentus holds promise to be used in bioremediation applications due to its ability to mineralize U(VI) under aerobic conditions. Here, cell free extracts of C. crescentus grown in the presence of uranyl nitrate [U(VI)], potassium chromate [Cr(VI)], or cadmium sulfate [Cd(II)] were used for label-free proteomic analysis. Proteins involved in two-component signaling and amino acid metabolism were up-regulated in response to all three metals, and proteins involved in aerobic oxidative phosphorylation and chemotaxis were down-regulated under these conditions. Clustering analysis of proteomic enrichment revealed that the three metals also induce distinct patterns of up- or down-regulated expression among different functional classes of proteins. Under U(VI) exposure, a phytase enzyme and an ABC transporter were up-regulated. Heat shock and outer membrane responses were found associated with Cr(VI), while efflux pumps and oxidative stress proteins were up-regulated with Cd(II). Experimental validations were performed on select proteins. We found that a phytase plays a role in U(VI) and Cr(VI) resistance and detoxification and that a Cd(II)-specific transporter confers Cd(II) resistance. Interestingly, analysis of promoter regions in genes associated with differentially expressed proteins suggests that U(VI) exposure affects cell cycle progression.
C1 [Yung, Mimi C.; Ma, Jincai; Jiao, Yongqin] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Salemi, Michelle R.; Phinney, Brett S.] Univ Calif Davis, UC Davis Genome Ctr Protecnn Core Facil, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Bowman, Grant R.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Mol Biol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Jiao, YQ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM jiao1@llnl.gov
RI Ma, Jincai/D-1290-2013; Phinney, Brett/S-6404-2016;
OI Ma, Jincai/0000-0002-0792-0251; Phinney, Brett/0000-0003-3870-3302;
Yung, Mimi/0000-0003-0534-0728
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL-JRNL-642506)]; Department of Energy Early
Career Research Program award from the Office of Biological and
Environmental Sciences
FX We thank Nathan Hillson for generously providing the CC_1295 mutant
strain. We thank Rong Jiang for assistance in statistical analysis. We
thank Monica Borucki and Nick Be for qRT-PCR instrumentation and advice.
We thank Dan Park for critical review of this manuscript. This work was
performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344
(LLNL-JRNL-642506). This study was supported by a Department of Energy
Early Career Research Program award from the Office of Biological and
Environmental Sciences (to Y.J.).
NR 68
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1535-3893
EI 1535-3907
J9 J PROTEOME RES
JI J. Proteome Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 4
BP 1833
EP 1847
DI 10.1021/pr400880s
PG 15
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AE5GS
UT WOS:000334016400006
PM 24555639
ER
PT J
AU Depuydt, G
Xie, F
Petyuk, VA
Smolders, A
Brewer, HM
Camp, DG
Smith, RD
Braeckman, BP
AF Depuydt, Geert
Xie, Fang
Petyuk, Vladislav A.
Smolders, Arne
Brewer, Heather M.
Camp, David G., II
Smith, Richard D.
Braeckman, Bart P.
TI LC-MS Proteomics Analysis of the Insulin/IGF-1-Deficient Caenorhabditis
elegans daf-2(e1370) Mutant Reveals Extensive Restructuring of
Intermediary Metabolism
SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Caenorhabditis elegans; gene expression; mass spectrometry; metabolism;
physiology; aging
ID NEMATODE CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; METHYLMALONYL-COA EPIMERASE;
PYRUVATE-KINASE ACTIVITY; LIVED DAF-2 MUTANTS; ATP-CITRATE LYASE; LARGE
GENE LISTS; C-ELEGANS; LIFE-SPAN; DAUER LARVA; INSULIN-RESISTANCE
AB The insulin/IGF-1 receptor is a major known determinant of dauer formation, stress resistance, longevity, and metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans. In the past, whole-genome transcript profiling was used extensively to study differential gene expression in response to reduced insulin/IGF-1 signaling, including the expression levels of metabolism-associated genes. Taking advantage of the recent developments in quantitative liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based proteomics, we profiled the proteomic changes that occur in response to activation of the DAF-16 transcription factor in the germline-less glp-4(bn2);daf-2(e1370) receptor mutant. Strikingly, the daf-2 profile suggests extensive reorganization of intermediary metabolism, characterized by the upregulation of many core intermediary metabolic pathways. These include glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis, pentose phosphate cycle, citric acid cycle, glyoxylate shunt, fatty acid beta-oxidation, one-carbon metabolism, propionate and tyrosine catabolism, and complexes I, II, III, and V of the electron transport chain. Interestingly, we found simultaneous activation of reciprocally regulated metabolic pathways, which is indicative of spatiotemporal coordination of energy metabolism and/or extensive post-translational regulation of these enzymes. This restructuring of daf-2 metabolism is reminiscent to that of hypometabolic dauers, allowing the efficient and economical utilization of internal nutrient reserves and possibly also shunting metabolites through alternative energy-generating pathways to sustain longevity.
C1 [Depuydt, Geert; Smolders, Arne; Braeckman, Bart P.] Univ Ghent, Dept Biol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Xie, Fang; Petyuk, Vladislav A.; Brewer, Heather M.; Camp, David G., II; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Xie, Fang; Petyuk, Vladislav A.; Brewer, Heather M.; Camp, David G., II; Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Braeckman, BP (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Dept Biol, Proeftuinstr 86 N1, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
EM Bart.Braeckman@UGent.be
RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012;
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Smolders, Arne/0000-0003-0926-2392;
Petyuk, Vladislav/0000-0003-4076-151X
FU Fund for Scientific Research Flanders [G.04371.0N]; NIH National Center
for Research Resources [RR18522]; BOF project of Ghent University
[01J04208]; DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX The strains GA154 glp-4(bn2ts)1;daf-2(e1370)III and GA153 glp-4(bn2ts)I
daf-16(mgDf50)1;daf-2(e1370)111 were kindly provided by David Gems. We
are grateful to Renata Coopman for her assistance in culturing and
sampling worm cohorts. We thank Ineke Dhondt and Myriam Claeys for
providing transmission electron microcopy images, Caroline Vlaeminck for
oil red 0 staining, and Patricia Back for assistance with image
processing of stained nematodes. We thank all members of the Braeckman
lab for helpful discussions and comments on the manuscript and David
Gems for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by
a grant from the Fund for Scientific Research Flanders (G.04371.0N to
B.P.B.) and the NIH National Center for Research Resources (RR18522 to
R.D.S.). G.D. was supported by a BOF project of Ghent University
(01J04208). Proteomic analyses were performed in the Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
national scientific user facility located at the Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland, Washington. PNNL is a
multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for the DOE under
contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 158
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 31
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1535-3893
EI 1535-3907
J9 J PROTEOME RES
JI J. Proteome Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 4
BP 1938
EP 1956
DI 10.1021/pr401081b
PG 19
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AE5GS
UT WOS:000334016400016
PM 24555535
ER
PT J
AU Amidan, BG
Orton, DJ
LaMarche, BL
Monroe, ME
Moore, RJ
Venzin, AM
Smith, RD
Sego, LH
Tardiff, MF
Payne, SH
AF Amidan, Brett G.
Orton, Daniel J.
LaMarche, Brian L.
Monroe, Matthew E.
Moore, Ronald J.
Venzin, Alexander M.
Smith, Richard D.
Sego, Landon H.
Tardiff, Mark F.
Payne, Samuel H.
TI Signatures for Mass Spectrometry Data Quality
SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE mass spectrometry; liquid chromatography; quality control
ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; PERFORMANCE METRICS; PROTEOMICS; LASSO
AB Ensuring data quality and proper instrument functionality is a prerequisite for scientific investigation. Manual quality assurance is time-consuming and subjective. Metrics for describing liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) data have been developed; however, the wide variety of LC-MS instruments and configurations precludes applying a simple cutoff. Using 1150 manually classified quality control (QC) data sets, we trained logistic regression classification models to predict whether a data set is in or out of control. Model parameters were optimized by minimizing a loss function that accounts for the trade-off between false positive and false negative errors. The classifier models detected bad data sets with high sensitivity while maintaining high specificity. Moreover, the composite classifier was dramatically more specific than single metrics. Finally, we evaluated the performance of the classifier on a separate validation set where it performed comparably to the results for the testing/training data sets. By presenting the methods and software used to create the classifier, other groups can create a classifier for their specific QC regimen, which is highly variable lab-to-lab. In total, this manuscript presents 3400 LC-MS data sets for the same QC sample (whole cell lysate of Shewanella oneidensis), deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD000320-PXD000324.
C1 [Amidan, Brett G.; Orton, Daniel J.; LaMarche, Brian L.; Monroe, Matthew E.; Moore, Ronald J.; Venzin, Alexander M.; Smith, Richard D.; Sego, Landon H.; Tardiff, Mark F.; Payne, Samuel H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Payne, SH (reprint author), 902 Battelle Blvd K8-98, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM Samuel.payne@pnnl.gov
RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012;
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Payne, Samuel/0000-0002-8351-1994
FU Signature Discovery Initiative at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory;
National Cancer Institute Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium
(CPTAC) [U24-CA-160019]; National Institutes of Health: the National
Institute of General Medical Sciences [P41 GM103493]; National Institute
of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Y1-A1-8401]; Department of Energy
Office of Biological and Environmental Research Genome Sciences Program
under the Pan-Omics project; U.S. Department of Energy Early Career
award; DOE [DE-AC05-76RLO01830]
FX Portions of the research described in this paper were funded by the
Signature Discovery Initiative (http://signatures.pnnl.gov) at Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, conducted under the Laboratory Directed
Research and Development Program at PNNL. Portions of this work were
supported by a grant (U24-CA-160019) from the National Cancer Institute
Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). Portions of this
research were supported by the National Institutes of Health: the
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P41 GM103493), National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Y1-A1-8401), and the
Department of Energy Office of Biological and Environmental Research
Genome Sciences Program under the Pan-Omics project. S.H.P. acknowledges
funding from a U.S. Department of Energy Early Career award. Mass
spectrometry datasets were collected in the Environmental Molecular
Science Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) national
scientific user facility at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)
in Richland, WA. Battelle operates PNNL for the DOE under contract
DE-AC05-76RLO01830.
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1535-3893
EI 1535-3907
J9 J PROTEOME RES
JI J. Proteome Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 4
BP 2215
EP 2222
DI 10.1021/pr401143e
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AE5GS
UT WOS:000334016400038
PM 24611607
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, AT
Crum, JV
Tang, M
AF Nelson, Andrew T.
Crum, Jarrod V.
Tang, Ming
TI Thermophysical Properties of Multiphase Borosilicate Glass- Ceramic
Waste Forms
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; HEAT-CAPACITY; PRESSURE; SILICATE
AB Multiphase borosilicate glass-ceramics represent one candidate to contain radioactive nuclear waste separated from used nuclear fuel. In this work, the thermophysical properties from room temperature to 1273K were investigated for four different borosilicate glass-ceramic compositions containing waste loadings from 42 to 60wt% to determine the sensitivity of these properties to waste loading, as-fabricated microstructure, and potential evolutions in microstructure brought about by temperature transients. The thermal expansion, specific heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity are presented. The impact of increasing waste loading is shown to have a small but measurable effect on the thermophysical properties between the four compositions, contrasted to a much greater impact observed when transitioning from predominantly crystalline to amorphous systems. Thermal cycling below 1273K was not found to measurably impact the thermophysical properties of the compositions investigated here.
C1 [Nelson, Andrew T.; Tang, Ming] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Crum, Jarrod V.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Nelson, AT (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1667, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM atnelson@lanl.gov
OI Nelson, Andrew/0000-0002-4071-3502
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy Fuel Cycle Research
and Development program
FX The support of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy
Fuel Cycle Research and Development program is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 97
IS 4
BP 1177
EP 1186
DI 10.1111/jace.12792
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA AD8YB
UT WOS:000333550500029
ER
PT J
AU Ross, JS
Klement, P
Jones, AM
Ghimire, NJ
Yan, JQ
Mandrus, DG
Taniguchi, T
Watanabe, K
Kitamura, K
Yao, W
Cobden, DH
Xu, XD
AF Ross, Jason S.
Klement, Philip
Jones, Aaron M.
Ghimire, Nirmal J.
Yan, Jiaqiang
Mandrus, D. G.
Taniguchi, Takashi
Watanabe, Kenji
Kitamura, Kenji
Yao, Wang
Cobden, David H.
Xu, Xiaodong
TI Electrically tunable excitonic light-emitting diodes based on monolayer
WSe2 p-n junctions
SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-LAYER MOS2; VALLEY POLARIZATION; CARBON NANOTUBES; EMISSION;
CRYSTALS; DRIVEN
AB The development of light-emitting diodes with improved efficiency, spectral properties, compactness and integrability is important for lighting, display, optical interconnect, logic and sensor applications(1-8). Monolayer transition-metal dichal-cogenides have recently emerged as interesting candidates for optoelectronic applications due to their unique optical properties(9-16). Electroluminescence has already been observed from monolayer MoS2 devices(17,18). However, the electroluminescence efficiency was low and the linewidth broad due both to the poor optical quality of the MoS2 and to ineffective contacts. Here, we report electroluminescence from lateral p-n junctions in monolayer WSe2 induced electrostatically using a thin boron nitride support as a dielectric layer with multiple metal gates beneath. This structure allows effective injection of electrons and holes, and, combined with the high optical quality of WSe2, yields bright electroluminescence with 1,000 times smaller injection current and 10 times smaller linewidth than in MoS2 (refs 17,18). Furthermore, by increasing the injection bias we can tune the electroluminescence between regimes of impur-ity- bound, charged and neutral excitons. This system has the required ingredients for new types of optoelectronic device, such as spin-and valley-polarized light-emitting diodes, on-chip lasers and two-dimensional electro-optic modulators.
C1 [Ross, Jason S.; Xu, Xiaodong] Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Klement, Philip; Cobden, David H.; Xu, Xiaodong] Univ Giessen, Dept Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
[Klement, Philip; Jones, Aaron M.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Ghimire, Nirmal J.; Mandrus, D. G.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Ghimire, Nirmal J.; Yan, Jiaqiang; Mandrus, D. G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Yan, Jiaqiang; Mandrus, D. G.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Taniguchi, Takashi; Watanabe, Kenji; Kitamura, Kenji] Natl Inst Mat Sci, Adv Mat Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan.
[Yao, Wang] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Yao, Wang] Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Theoret & Computat Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Ross, JS (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM xuxd@uw.edu
RI Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014; Yao, Wang/C-1353-2008; TANIGUCHI,
Takashi/H-2718-2011; WATANABE, Kenji/H-2825-2011;
OI Yao, Wang/0000-0003-2883-4528; WATANABE, Kenji/0000-0003-3701-8119;
Jones, Aaron/0000-0002-8326-1294
FU US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and
Engineering Division [DE-SC0008145]; US DoE, BES, Materials Sciences and
Engineering Division; Research Grant Council of Hong Kong [HKU705513P];
University Grant Committee of the government of Hong Kong [AoE/P-04/08];
Croucher Foundation under the Croucher Innovation Award; US DoE, BES,
Materials Sciences and Engineering Division [DE-SC0002197]; National
Science Foundation
FX This work was mainly supported by the US Department of Energy, Basic
Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
(DE-SC0008145). N.G., J.Y. and D. M. are supported by the US DoE, BES,
Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. W.Y. is supported by the
Research Grant Council of Hong Kong (HKU705513P), the University Grant
Committee (AoE/P-04/08) of the government of Hong Kong and the Croucher
Foundation under the Croucher Innovation Award. D. C. is supported by
the US DoE, BES, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
(DE-SC0002197). Device fabrication was performed at the Washington
Nanofabrication Facility and National Science Foundation-funded Nanotech
User Facility.
NR 34
TC 361
Z9 361
U1 76
U2 537
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1748-3387
EI 1748-3395
J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Nanotechnol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 4
BP 268
EP 272
DI 10.1038/NNANO.2014.26
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AE5ZV
UT WOS:000334068800011
PM 24608230
ER
PT J
AU Gargas, DJ
Chan, EM
Ostrowski, AD
Aloni, S
Altoe, MVP
Barnard, ES
Sanii, B
Urban, JJ
Milliron, DJ
Cohen, BE
Schuck, PJ
AF Gargas, Daniel J.
Chan, Emory M.
Ostrowski, Alexis D.
Aloni, Shaul
Altoe, M. Virginia P.
Barnard, Edward S.
Sanii, Babak
Urban, Jeffrey J.
Milliron, Delia J.
Cohen, Bruce E.
Schuck, P. James
TI Engineering bright sub-10-nm upconverting nanocrystals for
single-molecule imaging
SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID UP-CONVERSION LUMINESCENCE; SIZE DEPENDENCE; NANOPARTICLES; LANTHANIDE;
FLUORESCENCE; PHASE; ER3+; YB3+; SPECTROSCOPY; ULTRASMALL
AB Imaging at the single-molecule level reveals heterogeneities that are lost in ensemble imaging experiments, but an ongoing challenge is the development of luminescent probes with the photostability, brightness and continuous emission necessary for single-molecule microscopy(1-6). Lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles overcome problems of photostability and continuous emission(7-12) and their upcon-verted emission can be excited with near-infrared light at powers orders of magnitude lower than those required for conventional multiphoton probes(13,14). However, the brightness of upconverting nanoparticles has been limited by open questions about energy transfer and relaxation within individual nano-crystals and unavoidable tradeoffs between brightness and size(15-18). Here, we develop upconverting nanoparticles under 10 nm in diameter that are over an order of magnitude brighter under single-particle imaging conditions than existing compositions, allowing us to visualize single upconverting nanoparticles as small (d=4.8 nm) as fluorescent proteins. We use advanced single-particle characterization and theoretical modelling to find that surface effects become critical at diameters under 20 nm and that the fluences used in single-molecule imaging change the dominant determinants of nanocrystal brightness. These results demonstrate that factors known to increase brightness in bulk experiments lose importance at higher excitation powers and that, paradoxically, the brightest probes under single-molecule excitation are barely luminescent at the ensemble level.
C1 [Gargas, Daniel J.; Chan, Emory M.; Ostrowski, Alexis D.; Aloni, Shaul; Altoe, M. Virginia P.; Barnard, Edward S.; Sanii, Babak; Urban, Jeffrey J.; Milliron, Delia J.; Cohen, Bruce E.; Schuck, P. James] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Gargas, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM becohen@lbl.gov; pjschuck@lbl.gov
RI Milliron, Delia/D-6002-2012; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014
FU Bica; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, under
NIH [F32EB014680]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the US Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors thank M. Salmeron and R. Johns for discussions and comments
on the manuscript, as well as A. Nievergelt and A. Mueller for
assistance with data processing and visualization. P.J.S. acknowledges
Bica for support. A.D.O. was supported by a fellowship from the National
Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, under NIH Award
F32EB014680. Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the
Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division
of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the US Department of Energy
(contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231).
NR 34
TC 114
Z9 115
U1 22
U2 153
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1748-3387
EI 1748-3395
J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Nanotechnol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 4
BP 300
EP 305
DI 10.1038/NNANO.2014.29
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AE5ZV
UT WOS:000334068800017
PM 24633523
ER
PT J
AU Chen, Y
Rao, AS
Alexandreanu, B
Natesan, K
AF Chen, Y.
Rao, A. S.
Alexandreanu, B.
Natesan, K.
TI Slow strain rate tensile tests on irradiated austenitic stainless steels
in simulated light water reactor environments
SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology
(SMiRT)
CY NOV 06-11, 2011
CL New Delhi, INDIA
ID STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION
AB Irradiation stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) is a critical degradation mechanism for reactor internal components that contributes to the safe and economic operation of reactors. As nuclear power plants age and irradiation dose increases, IASCC becomes an increasingly important issue because of its potential impact on the integrity of reactor internal components. In this study, slow strain rate tensile tests were conducted on irradiated tensile specimens at strain rates between 3 and 7 x 10(-7) s(-1) to evaluate cracking susceptibility of austenitic stainless steels in simulated light water reactor (LWR) environments. Significant increases in yield strength were observed for all irradiated specimens and a dose dependence of irradiation hardening was obtained at temperatures relevant to LWRs. Ductility and strain hardening capability were also found decrease rapidly with the increase of dose. After the tests, the specimens were examined using a scanning electron microscopy to characterize fracture morphology. The area fractions of non-ductility fracture were used to evaluate the IASCC susceptibility along with the tensile properties. IASCC susceptibility was also compared for several stainless steels irradiated in the Halden and BOR-60 reactors. A possible neutron spectrum effect was discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Y.; Alexandreanu, B.; Natesan, K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Rao, A. S.] US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Washington, DC 20555 USA.
RP Chen, Y (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Nucl Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM yiren_chen@anl.gov
FU Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission [N6519]
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. O.K. Chopra for his invaluable
contribution to this program. Ms. Torill Karlson, Mr. Anders Jenssen,
Dr. Raj Pathania and Dr. Peter Scott are acknowledged for helping
arrange neutron irradiations and transfer irradiated specimens. We are
also grateful to Drs. W. H. Cullen, Jr., R. Tregoning, and S. Crane for
many helpful discussions and suggestions. This work is sponsored by the
Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
Commission, under Job Code N6519; Program Manager: A. S. Rao.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0029-5493
EI 1872-759X
J9 NUCL ENG DES
JI Nucl. Eng. Des.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 269
SI SI
BP 38
EP 44
DI 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2013.08.003
PG 7
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AE4IU
UT WOS:000333946900005
ER
PT J
AU Hamada, Y
Gilbert, JA
Larsen, PE
Norgaard, MJ
AF Hamada, Yuki
Gilbert, Jack A.
Larsen, Peter E.
Norgaard, Madeline J.
TI Toward Linking Aboveground Vegetation Properties and Soil Microbial
Communities Using Remote Sensing
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID PLANT-SPECIES RICHNESS; LARGE-FOOTPRINT LIDAR; LIGHT-USE EFFICIENCY;
LITTER DECOMPOSITION; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; UNSEEN
MAJORITY; LANDSAT RECORD; RAIN-FORESTS; DIVERSITY
AB Despite their vital role in terrestrial ecosystem function, the distributions and dynamics of soil microbial communities (SMCs) are poorly understood. Vegetation and soil properties are the primary factors that influence SMCs. This paper discusses the potential effectiveness of remote sensing science and technologies for mapping SMC biogeography by characterizing surface biophysical properties (e.g., plant traits and community composition) strongly correlated with SMCs. Using remotely sensed biophysical properties to predict SMC distributions is extremely challenging because of the intricate interactions between biotic and abiotic factors and between above- and below-ground ecosystems. However, the integration of biophysical and soil remote sensing with geospatial information about the environment holds great promise for mapping SMC biogeography Additional research needs involve microbial taxonomic definition, soil environmental complexity, and scaling strategies. The collaborative effort of experts from diverse disciplines is essential to linking terrestrial surface biosphere observations with subsurface microbial community distributions using remote sensing.
C1 [Hamada, Yuki; Gilbert, Jack A.; Larsen, Peter E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Norgaard, Madeline J.] Coll St Benedict, St Joseph, MN 56374 USA.
[Norgaard, Madeline J.] St Johns Univ, St Joseph, MN 56374 USA.
RP Hamada, Y (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave,Bldg 240, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
EM yhamada@anl.gov
RI DeGloria, Stephen/B-8513-2015
OI DeGloria, Stephen/0000-0002-3343-6607
FU UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory
("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The authors thank Dr. W. Mac Post and Dr. Josh Schimel for helpful
information and guidance regarding potential applications of vegetation
properties to predict SMC community distribution. The authors also thank
the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments, which helped
increase the value of the manuscript. This manuscript has been created
by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory
("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
Laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The US
Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a
paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to
reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public,
and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the
Government.
NR 141
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 23
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 4
BP 311
EP 321
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AE3HK
UT WOS:000333867400006
ER
PT J
AU Warr, RL
Collins, DH
AF Warr, Richard L.
Collins, David H.
TI Bayesian nonparametric models for combining heterogeneous reliability
data
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART O-JOURNAL OF
RISK AND RELIABILITY
LA English
DT Article
DE parallel and series systems; hierarchical modeling; Dirichlet process;
lifetime prediction
ID SURVIVAL-DATA; INFORMATION
AB Modern complex engineering systems often present the analyst with a mix of data types that can be used for reliability prediction: system test results, lifetime data from unit tests of components, and subsystem data, all of which may have predictive value for the system lifetime. We present a hierarchical nonparametric framework, using Dirichlet processes, in which time-to-event distributions may be estimated from sample data or derived based on physical failure mechanisms. By applying a Bayesian methodology, the framework can incorporate prior information, including expert opinion.
C1 [Warr, Richard L.] Air Force Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Collins, David H.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Warr, RL (reprint author), Air Force Inst Technol, AFIT ENC, 2950 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM richard.warr@afit.edu
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1748-006X
EI 1748-0078
J9 P I MECH ENG O-J RIS
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part O-J. Risk Reliab.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 228
IS 2
BP 166
EP 175
DI 10.1177/1748006X13503319
PG 10
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations
Research & Management Science
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science
GA AE5KY
UT WOS:000334029100005
ER
PT J
AU Aarts, E
Wallace, DL
Dang, LC
Jagust, WJ
Cools, R
D'Esposito, M
AF Aarts, Esther
Wallace, Deanna L.
Dang, Linh C.
Jagust, William J.
Cools, Roshan
D'Esposito, Mark
TI Dopamine and the Cognitive Downside of a Promised Bonus
SO PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE cognition; striatum; motivation; PET; dopamine; attention
ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; STRIATAL DOPAMINE; REWARD; ADDICTION;
CONFLICT; CORTEX; INTERFACE; DORSAL
AB It is often assumed that the promise of a monetary bonus improves cognitive control. We show that in fact appetitive motivation can also impair cognitive control, depending on baseline levels of dopamine-synthesis capacity in the striatum. These data not only demonstrate that appetitive motivation can have paradoxical detrimental effects for cognitive control but also provide a mechanistic account of these effects.
C1 [Aarts, Esther; Wallace, Deanna L.; Dang, Linh C.; Jagust, William J.; D'Esposito, Mark] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Aarts, Esther; Cools, Roshan] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav, Ctr Cognit Neuroimaging, NL-6525 EN Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Dang, Linh C.; Jagust, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cools, Roshan] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Psychiat, Med Ctr, NL-6525 EN Nijmegen, Netherlands.
RP Aarts, E (reprint author), Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Donders Inst Brain Cognit & Behav, Kapittelweg 29, NL-6525 EN Nijmegen, Netherlands.
EM aarts.esther@gmail.com
RI Cools, Roshan/D-1905-2010; Aarts, Esther/J-2254-2012
OI Aarts, Esther/0000-0001-6360-6200
FU NIA NIH HHS [AG044292, R01 AG044292]; NIDA NIH HHS [F32 DA027684,
F32-DA027684, R01 DA020600, R01-DA20600]
NR 33
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 7
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0956-7976
EI 1467-9280
J9 PSYCHOL SCI
JI Psychol. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1003
EP 1009
DI 10.1177/0956797613517240
PG 7
WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary
SC Psychology
GA AE5HE
UT WOS:000334017600018
PM 24525265
ER
PT J
AU Smetana, V
Corbett, JD
Miller, GJ
AF Smetana, Volodymyr
Corbett, John D.
Miller, Gordon J.
TI Complex Polyanionic Nets in RbAu4.01(2)Ga8.64(5) and CsAu5Ga9: The Role
of Cations in the Formation of New Polar Intermetallics
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ANORGANISCHE UND ALLGEMEINE CHEMIE
LA English
DT Article
DE Alkali metals; Bonding; Crystal structure; Gold; Intermetallic compounds
ID AU-GA SYSTEM; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; QUASI-CRYSTAL; PHASES; GOLD; GALLIUM;
EARTH; CLUSTER; NAZN13; ALKALI
AB Two new alkali metal-poor phases with gold and gallium have been synthesized and structurally characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. RbAu4.01(2)Ga8.64(5) (I) crystallizes in a new tetragonal structure type (tI163.8; I4/m, a = 8.806(1), c = 40.561(8) angstrom, Z = 12). The structure of I contains two types of (defect) icosahedra and three types of Rb-centered distorted snub cubes composed of gold and gallium atoms, so that it is a novel tetragonal superstructure of the defect NaZn13-type structure. The defect icosahedra, which are fully centered by Ga atoms, show distortions that minimize the number of Au-Au contacts as well as having a distribution of vacancies that create 12-atom, 11-atom, and 10-atom polyhedra. CsAu5Ga9 (II) crystallizes with a hexagonal unit cell (hP30; P6(3)/mmc, a = 7.635(1), c = 12.279(3) angstrom, Z = 2) in the BaNi9P5 structure type and is the first intermetallic compound of this type. This structure involves a 3-d network of gold atoms, gallium atoms, and Ga-Ga dimers that form Cs@Au12Ga18 polyhedra, which share hexagonal faces along the c-axis and pentagonal bipyramids in the ab-plane. Its structure shares a resemblance with the hexagonal ZrBeSi structure type. Both compounds exhibit unusually large coordination polyhedra of gold and gallium atoms surrounding each alkali metal with up to 30 near neighbors and a reasonably dense packing. Tight-binding electronic structure calculations on CsAu5Ga9 indicate that although the average Ga-Ga orbital interactions are optimized at the Fermi level, the specific interactions are not.
C1 [Smetana, Volodymyr; Corbett, John D.; Miller, Gordon J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Smetana, Volodymyr; Corbett, John D.; Miller, Gordon J.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, US DOE, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Miller, GJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM gmiller@iastate.edu
RI Smetana, Volodymyr/C-1340-2015;
OI Smetana, Volodymyr/0000-0003-0763-1457
FU Office of the Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences Division, U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE); DOE [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
FX The research was supported by the Office of the Basic Energy Sciences,
Materials Sciences Division, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Ames
Laboratory is operated for DOE by Iowa State University under contract
No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.
NR 46
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0044-2313
EI 1521-3749
J9 Z ANORG ALLG CHEM
JI Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 640
IS 5
SI SI
BP 790
EP 796
DI 10.1002/zaac.201400015
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA AE1AI
UT WOS:000333697200015
ER
PT J
AU Echols, N
Morshed, N
Afonine, PV
McCoy, AJ
Miller, MD
Read, RJ
Richardson, JS
Terwilliger, TC
Adams, PD
AF Echols, Nathaniel
Morshed, Nader
Afonine, Pavel V.
McCoy, Airlie J.
Miller, Mitchell D.
Read, Randy J.
Richardson, Jane S.
Terwilliger, Thomas C.
Adams, Paul D.
TI Automated identification of elemental ions in macromolecular crystal
structures
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-LIGAND INTERACTIONS; DEPENDENT PROTEIN-KINASE; BOND-VALENCE
PARAMETERS; STRUCTURE REFINEMENT; THERMOTOGA-MARITIMA; BINDING-SITES;
ACTIVE-SITE; DATA-BANK; COORDINATION; VALIDATION
AB Many macromolecular model-building and refinement programs can automatically place solvent atoms in electron density at moderate-to-high resolution. This process frequently builds water molecules in place of elemental ions, the identification of which must be performed manually. The solvent-picking algorithms in phenix. refine have been extended to build common ions based on an analysis of the chemical environment as well as physical properties such as occupancy, B factor and anomalous scattering. The method is most effective for heavier elements such as calcium and zinc, for which a majority of sites can be placed with few false positives in a diverse test set of structures. At atomic resolution, it is observed that it can also be possible to identify tightly bound sodium and magnesium ions. A number of challenges that contribute to the difficulty of completely automating the process of structure completion are discussed.
C1 [Echols, Nathaniel; Morshed, Nader; Afonine, Pavel V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[McCoy, Airlie J.; Read, Randy J.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Inst Med Res, Dept Haematol, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England.
[Miller, Mitchell D.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Richardson, Jane S.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
[Terwilliger, Thomas C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Echols, N (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM nechols@lbl.gov
RI Read, Randy/L-1418-2013; Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012; Adams,
Paul/A-1977-2013
OI Read, Randy/0000-0001-8273-0047; Terwilliger,
Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320; Adams, Paul/0000-0001-9333-8219
FU NIH [GM063210]; PHENIX Industrial Consortium; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; UC Berkeley Summer Undergraduate Research
Fellowship; NIH, National Institutes of General Medical Sciences,
Protein Structure Initiative award [U54 GM094586]; DOE Office of
Biological and Environmental Research; National Institutes of Health,
National Institute of General Medical Sciences [P41GM103393]; Wellcome
Trust [082961/Z/07/Z]
FX We are grateful to Phil Jeffrey for providing the anomalous data for
CDCA1, IanWilson for comments on the manuscript, and Lindsay Deis, James
Fraser, Felix Frolow, Christine Gee, F. Xavier Gomis-Ruth, Mark Mayer
and Jose Henrique Pereira for sharing additional data used for testing.
We especially thank the Joint Center for Structural Genomics for
depositing unmerged intensity data for all new structures. This research
was supported by the NIH (grant GM063210) and the PHENIX Industrial
Consortium. This work was partially supported by the US Department of
Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NM was partially supported by a
UC Berkeley Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship. MDM was supported
by the NIH, National Institutes of General Medical Sciences, Protein
Structure Initiative award to JCSG (U54 GM094586). Portions of this
research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation
Light-source, a Directorate of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and
an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US Department of
Energy Office of Science by Stanford University. The SSRL Structural
Molecular Biology Program is supported by the DOE Office of Biological
and Environmental Research and by the National Institutes of Health,
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (including P41GM103393).
The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not
necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of
Health or NIGMS. RJR is supported by a Principal Research Fellowship
from the Wellcome Trust (grant No. 082961/Z/07/Z).
NR 63
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1399-0047
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 70
BP 1104
EP 1114
DI 10.1107/S1399004714001308
PN 4
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biophysics; Crystallography
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography
GA AE1UT
UT WOS:000333756700018
PM 24699654
ER
PT J
AU Reddy, BG
Moates, DB
Kim, HB
Green, TJ
Kim, CY
Terwilliger, TC
DeLucas, LJ
AF Reddy, Bharat G.
Moates, Derek B.
Kim, Heung-Bok
Green, Todd J.
Kim, Chang-Yub
Terwilliger, Thomas C.
DeLucas, Lawrence J.
TI 1.55 angstrom resolution X-ray crystal structure of Rv3902c from
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION F-STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA QUALITY; VIRULENCE; PROTEINS; SEQUENCE; COMPLEX; MODEL; 3D
AB The crystallographic structure of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) protein Rv3902c (176 residues; molecular mass of 19.8 kDa) was determined at 1.55 angstrom resolution. The function of Rv3902c is unknown, although several TB genes involved in bacterial pathogenesis are expressed from the operon containing the Rv3902c gene. The unique structural fold of Rv3902c contains two domains, each consisting of antiparallel beta-sheets and alpha-helices, creating a hand-like binding motif with a small binding pocket in the palm. Structural homology searches reveal that Rv3902c has an overall structure similar to that of the Salmonella virulence-factor chaperone InvB, with an r.m.s.d. for main-chain atoms of 2.3 angstrom along an aligned domain.
C1 [Reddy, Bharat G.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA.
[Moates, Derek B.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA.
[Kim, Heung-Bok; Kim, Chang-Yub; Terwilliger, Thomas C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Green, Todd J.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA.
[DeLucas, Lawrence J.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Optometry, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA.
RP DeLucas, LJ (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Optometry, 1025 18th St South, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA.
EM duke2@uab.edu
RI Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012
OI Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320
FU NASA [NNJ12GA74G]; NIH [5P30CA13148-37, P50 GM62410]; US Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[W-31-109-Eng-38]
FX This research was supported in part by NASA grant NNJ12GA74G, NIH grant
5P30CA13148-37 and NIH grant P50 GM62410. Data were collected on the
Southeast Regional Collaborative Access Team (SER-CAT) 22-BM beamline at
the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. Supporting
institutions may be found at http://www.ser-cat.org/members.html. We
thank the staff of SER-CAT for their help during data collection. Use of
the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No.
W-31-109-Eng-38.
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1744-3091
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR F
JI Acta Crystallogr. F-Struct. Biol. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 70
BP 414
EP 417
DI 10.1107/S2053230X14003793
PN 4
PG 4
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biophysics; Crystallography
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography
GA AE1VB
UT WOS:000333757800003
PM 24699730
ER
PT J
AU Barr, CM
Vetterick, GA
Unocic, KA
Hattar, K
Bai, XM
Taheri, ML
AF Barr, Christopher M.
Vetterick, Gregory A.
Unocic, Kinga A.
Hattar, Khalid
Bai, Xian-Ming
Taheri, Mitra L.
TI Anisotropic radiation-induced segregation in 316L austenitic stainless
steel with grain boundary character
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Radiation-induced segregation; Grain boundaries; Ion irradiation;
Atomistic modeling; Austenitic steel
ID STACKING-FAULT ENERGIES; SYMMETRICAL TILT BOUNDARIES;
FERRITIC-MARTENSITIC ALLOYS; CR-NI ALLOYS; FCC METALS; IRRADIATION;
MODEL; MICROSTRUCTURE; EVOLUTION; INTERNALS
AB Radiation-induced segregation (RIS) and subsequent depletion of chromium along grain boundaries has been shown to be an important factor in irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking in austenitic face-centered cubic (fcc)-based alloys used for nuclear energy systems. A full understanding of RIS requires examination of the effect of the grain boundary character on the segregation process. Understanding how specific grain boundary structures respond under irradiation would assist in developing or designing alloys that are more efficient at removing point defects, or reducing the overall rate of deleterious Cr segregation. This study shows that solute segregation is dependent not only on grain boundary misorientation, but also on the grain boundary plane, as highlighted by markedly different segregation behavior for the Sigma 3 incoherent and coherent grain boundaries. The link between RIS and atomistic modeling is also explored through molecular dynamic simulations of the interaction of vacancies at different grain boundary structures through defect energetics in a simple model system. A key insight from the coupled experimental RIS measurements and corresponding defect grain boundary modeling is that grain boundary vacancy formation energy may have a critical threshold value related to the major alloying elements' solute segregation. (c) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Barr, Christopher M.; Vetterick, Gregory A.; Taheri, Mitra L.] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Unocic, Kinga A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Hattar, Khalid] Sandia Natl Labs, Ion Beam Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Bai, Xian-Ming] Idaho Natl Lab, Fuels Modeling & Simulat Dept, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Taheri, ML (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM mtaheri@coe.drexel.edu
RI Bai, Xianming/E-2376-2017
OI Bai, Xianming/0000-0002-4609-6576
FU US Nuclear Regulatory Commission [NRC-38-10-928]; US Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [FWP 1356]; US Department of
Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000];
Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS); Scientific User
Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of
Energy; Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) Program at Idaho National
Laboratory
FX M.L.T. and C.M.B. acknowledge funding from The US Nuclear Regulatory
Commission under Grant NRC-38-10-928 for this work. X.M.B. acknowledges
the support from the Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) Program at
Idaho National Laboratory funded by the US Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences (FWP 1356). This work was partially supported
by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Sandia
National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated
by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin
Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Research supported by
the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is sponsored
by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, US Department of Energy.
NR 57
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 9
U2 83
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 67
BP 145
EP 155
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.11.060
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA AD8CX
UT WOS:000333495200012
ER
PT J
AU Brown, DW
Almer, JD
Balogh, L
Cerreta, EK
Clausen, B
Escobedo-Diaz, JP
Sisneros, TA
Mosbrucker, PL
Tulk, EF
Vogel, SC
AF Brown, D. W.
Almer, J. D.
Balogh, L.
Cerreta, E. K.
Clausen, B.
Escobedo-Diaz, J. P.
Sisneros, T. A.
Mosbrucker, P. L.
Tulk, E. F.
Vogel, S. C.
TI Stability of the two-phase (alpha/omega) microstructure of shocked
zirconium
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Diffraction; Zirconium; High pressure; Phase transformation
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; PROFILE ANALYSIS; PHASE-TRANSFORMATION;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; DISLOCATION MODEL; STRAIN ANISOTROPY; TEXTURE
ANALYSIS; LATTICE-STRAIN; PARTICLE SIZE; OMEGA-PHASES
AB The composite microstructure of two-phase (alpha/omega) shocked zirconium was studied in situ during heating (constant heating rate and isothermally) with high-energy X-ray diffraction techniques. The volume fraction of the metastable omega phase was monitored as the reverse phase transformation occurred: the start and finish temperatures being 470 and 550 K, respectively, during heating at 3 K min(-1). Moreover, isothermal transformation was observed when the shocked material was held at fixed temperatures from 420 to 525 K. Phase strains in each phase were monitored and separated in terms of thermal expansion and mechanical strains due to local phase constraints. Stresses in the alpha Zr were estimated to be a superposition of a hydrostatic component (of order -50 MPa) and uniaxial component (of order 600 MPa) along the c-axis. These stresses were relaxed during the reverse transformation. A high dislocation density was observed in both the a and omega phases in the as-shocked state. The dislocation density of the omega phase decreased preceding the reverse transformation, suggesting that it is the presence of the high concentration of defects in the omega phase which retarded the reverse transformation to the stable a phase and prevented the system from approaching equilibrium after the completion of the shock. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Brown, D. W.; Cerreta, E. K.; Clausen, B.; Escobedo-Diaz, J. P.; Sisneros, T. A.; Vogel, S. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Almer, J. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Mosbrucker, P. L.; Tulk, E. F.] Kinectrics Inc, Toronto, ON M8Z 5G5, Canada.
[Balogh, L.] Queens Univ, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
RP Brown, DW (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM dbrown@lanl.gov
RI Clausen, Bjorn/B-3618-2015; Balogh, Levente/S-1238-2016;
OI Clausen, Bjorn/0000-0003-3906-846X; Escobedo-Diaz,
Juan/0000-0003-2413-7119
FU LDRD program at LANL; US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic
Energy Sciences; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH1135]
FX This work was supported by LDRD program funding at LANL. The Lujan
Center at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center at LANSCE is funded by
the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Los
Alamos National Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security
LLC under DOE Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. Use of the Advanced Photon
Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the US DOE
Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the
US DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH1135.
NR 50
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 26
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 67
BP 383
EP 394
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.12.002
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA AD8CX
UT WOS:000333495200033
ER
PT J
AU Razzaghi, H
Tinker, SC
Crider, K
AF Razzaghi, Hilda
Tinker, Sarah C.
Crider, Krista
TI Blood mercury concentrations in pregnant and nonpregnant women in the
United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
1999-2006
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE mercury; NHANES; pregnant; seafood
ID FISH CONSUMPTION; METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; METHYL MERCURY; PRENATAL
EXPOSURE; CHILDBEARING AGE; US CHILDREN; COHORT; LEAD; ASSOCIATION;
PERFORMANCE
AB BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to methylmercury is associated with adverse neurologic development in children. We examined total blood mercury concentrations and predictors of higher blood mercury concentrations in pregnant and nonpregnant women.
METHODS: We analyzed data from 1183 pregnant and 5587 nonpregnant women aged 16-49 years from the 1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We estimated geometric mean blood mercury concentrations and characteristics associated with higher mercury concentrations (>= 3.5 mu g/L) in crude and adjusted linear and logistic regression models.
RESULTS: After adjusting for age and race/ethnicity, geometric mean blood mercury concentrations were clinically similar but significantly lower for pregnant (0.81 mu g/L; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71-0.91) and nonpregnant women of childbearing age (0.93 mu g/L; 95% CI, 0.87-0.99); 94% of pregnant and 89% of nonpregnant women had blood mercury concentrations below 3.5 mu g/L. The most significant predictor of higher blood mercury concentrations for both pregnant and nonpregnant women was any seafood consumption vs no consumption in the last 30 days (odds ratio, 18.7; 95% CI, 4.9-71.1; odds ratio, 15.5; 95% CI, 7.5-32.1, respectively). Other characteristics associated with >= 3.5 mu g/L blood mercury concentrations were older age (>= 35 years), higher education (greater than high school), and higher family income to poverty ratio (3.501+) for both pregnant and nonpregnant women.
CONCLUSION: Pregnancy status was not strongly associated with blood mercury concentrations in women of childbearing age and blood mercury concentrations above the 3.5 mu g/L cut were uncommon.
C1 [Razzaghi, Hilda; Tinker, Sarah C.; Crider, Krista] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Razzaghi, Hilda] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Razzaghi, H (reprint author), Mail Stop E86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM hir2JO@cdc.gov
FU Research Participation program for the CDC
FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and
do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. H.R. was
supported by an appointment to the Research Participation program for
the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and
Education through an agreement between the Department of Energy and CDC.
H.R. and S.C.T. conducted the analysis. H.R., S.C.T., and K.C. developed
the manuscript.
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0002-9378
EI 1097-6868
J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL
JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 210
IS 4
AR 357.e1
DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.10.884
PG 9
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA AD6WM
UT WOS:000333401900022
PM 24189168
ER
PT J
AU Olmstead, MD
Brown, PJ
Sako, M
Bassett, B
Bizyaev, D
Brinkmann, J
Brownstein, JR
Brewington, H
Campbell, H
D'Andrea, CB
Dawson, KS
Ebelke, GL
Frieman, JA
Galbany, L
Garnavich, P
Gupta, RR
Hlozek, R
Jha, SW
Kunz, M
Lampeitl, H
Malanushenko, E
Malanushenko, V
Marriner, J
Miquel, R
Montero-Dorta, AD
Nichol, RC
Oravetz, DJ
Pan, K
Schneider, DP
Simmons, AE
Smith, M
Snedden, SA
AF Olmstead, Matthew D.
Brown, Peter J.
Sako, Masao
Bassett, Bruce
Bizyaev, Dmitry
Brinkmann, J.
Brownstein, Joel R.
Brewington, Howard
Campbell, Heather
D'Andrea, Chris B.
Dawson, Kyle S.
Ebelke, Garrett L.
Frieman, Joshua A.
Galbany, Lluis
Garnavich, Peter
Gupta, Ravi R.
Hlozek, Renee
Jha, Saurabh W.
Kunz, Martin
Lampeitl, Hubert
Malanushenko, Elena
Malanushenko, Viktor
Marriner, John
Miquel, Ramon
Montero-Dorta, Antonio D.
Nichol, Robert C.
Oravetz, Daniel J.
Pan, Kaike
Schneider, Donald P.
Simmons, Audrey E.
Smith, Mathew
Snedden, Stephanie A.
TI HOST GALAXY SPECTRA AND CONSEQUENCES FOR SUPERNOVA TYPING FROM THE SDSS
SN SURVEY
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology: observations; supernovae: general; surveys
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC
SURVEY; STELLAR POPULATION SYNTHESIS; HIGH-REDSHIFT SUPERNOVAE;
DARK-ENERGY CONSTRAINTS; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION;
IA LIGHT CURVES; LEGACY SURVEY
AB We present the spectroscopy from 5254 galaxies that hosted supernovae (SNe) or other transient events in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey II (SDSS-II). Obtained during SDSS-I, SDSS-II, and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, this sample represents the largest systematic, unbiased, magnitude limited spectroscopic survey of SN host galaxies. Using the host galaxy redshifts, we test the impact of photometric SN classification based on SDSS imaging data with and without using spectroscopic redshifts of the host galaxies. Following our suggested scheme, there are a total of 1166 photometrically classified SNe Ia when using a flat redshift prior and 1126 SNe Ia when the host spectroscopic redshift is assumed. For 1024 (87.8%) candidates classified as likely SNe Ia without redshift information, we find that the classification is unchanged when adding the host galaxy redshift. Using photometry from SDSS imaging data and the host galaxy spectra, we also report host galaxy properties for use in future analysis of SN astrophysics. Finally, we investigate the differences in the interpretation of the light curve properties with and without knowledge of the redshift. Without host galaxy redshifts, we find that SALT2 light curve fits are systematically biased toward lower photometric redshift estimates and redder colors in the limit of low signal-tonoise data. The general improvements in performance of the light curve fitter and the increased diversity of the host galaxy sample highlights the importance of host galaxy spectroscopy for current photometric SN surveys such as the Dark Energy Survey and future surveys such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope.
C1 [Olmstead, Matthew D.; Brown, Peter J.; Brownstein, Joel R.; Dawson, Kyle S.; Montero-Dorta, Antonio D.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Brown, Peter J.] Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Sako, Masao; Gupta, Ravi R.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Bassett, Bruce; Kunz, Martin] African Inst Math Sci, ZA-7945 Muizenberg, South Africa.
[Bassett, Bruce] Univ Cape Town, Dept Math & Appl Math, ZA-7700 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Bassett, Bruce] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Bizyaev, Dmitry; Brinkmann, J.; Brewington, Howard; Ebelke, Garrett L.; Malanushenko, Elena; Malanushenko, Viktor; Oravetz, Daniel J.; Pan, Kaike; Simmons, Audrey E.; Snedden, Stephanie A.] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
[Campbell, Heather] Inst Astron, Cambridge CB4 0HA, England.
[D'Andrea, Chris B.; Lampeitl, Hubert; Nichol, Robert C.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England.
[Frieman, Joshua A.; Marriner, John] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
[Frieman, Joshua A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Miquel, Ramon] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
[Galbany, Lluis] Inst Super Tecn, Ctr Multidisciplinar Astrofis, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Garnavich, Peter] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Hlozek, Renee] Dept Astrophys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Jha, Saurabh W.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Kunz, Martin] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Theor, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
[Kunz, Martin] Univ Geneva, Ctr Astroparticle Phys, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
[Miquel, Ramon] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain.
[Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Smith, Mathew] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys, ZA-7535 Cape Town, South Africa.
RP Olmstead, MD (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM olmstead@physics.utah.edu
RI Galbany, Lluis/A-8963-2017
OI Galbany, Lluis/0000-0002-1296-6887
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0009959]; STFC grant [ST/K00090X/1]
FX The work of M.O. and K.D. was supported in part by the U.S. Department
of Energy under Grant DE-SC0009959. The support and resources from the
Center for High Performance Computing at the University of Utah is
gratefully acknowledged. This work was partially supported by STFC grant
ST/K00090X/1. Please contact the author(s) to request access to research
materials discussed in this paper.
NR 112
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
EI 1538-3881
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 147
IS 4
AR 75
DI 10.1088/0004-6256/147/4/75
PG 24
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AE1KP
UT WOS:000333728500007
ER
PT J
AU Chaikuad, A
Keates, T
Vincke, C
Kaufholz, M
Zenn, M
Zimmermann, B
Gutierrez, C
Zhang, RG
Hatzos-Skintges, C
Joachimiak, A
Muyldermans, S
Herberg, FW
Knapp, S
Muller, S
AF Chaikuad, Apirat
Keates, Tracy
Vincke, Cecile
Kaufholz, Melanie
Zenn, Michael
Zimmermann, Bastian
Gutierrez, Carlos
Zhang, Rong-guang
Hatzos-Skintges, Catherine
Joachimiak, Andrzej
Muyldermans, Serge
Herberg, Friedrich W.
Knapp, Stefan
Mueller, Susanne
TI Structure of cyclin G-associated kinase (GAK) trapped in different
conformations using nanobodies
SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE activation loop; cyclin G-associated kinase; drug side effect; kinase
inhibitor; nanobody; protein structure
ID SCANNING FLUOROMETRY; RECEPTOR; CLATHRIN; DOMAIN; PROTEINS; VALIDATION;
INHIBITORS; REFINEMENT; LIBRARIES; MECHANISM
AB GAK (cyclin G-associated kinase) is a key regulator of clathrincoated vesicle trafficking and plays a central role during development. Additionally, due to the unusually high plasticity of its catalytic domain, it is a frequent 'off-target' of clinical kinase inhibitors associated with respiratory side effects of these drugs. In the present paper, we determined the crystal structure of the GAK catalytic domain alone and in complex with specific single-chain antibodies (nanobodies). GAK is constitutively active and weakly associates in solution. The GAK apo structure revealed a dimeric inactive state of the catalytic domain mediated by an unusual activation segment interaction. Co-crystallization with the nanobody NbGAK_4 trapped GAK in a dimeric arrangement similar to the one observed in the apo structure, whereas NbGAK_1 captured the activation segment of monomeric GAK in a well-ordered conformation, representing features of the active kinase. The presented structural and biochemical data provide insight into the domain plasticity of GAK and demonstrate the utility of nanobodies to gain insight into conformational changes of dynamic molecules. In addition, we present structural data on the binding mode of ATP mimetic inhibitors and enzyme kinetic data, which will support rational inhibitor design of inhibitors to reduce the off-target effect on GAK.
C1 [Chaikuad, Apirat; Keates, Tracy; Knapp, Stefan; Mueller, Susanne] Univ Oxford, Target Discovery Inst TDI, Oxford OX3 7DQ, England.
[Chaikuad, Apirat; Keates, Tracy; Knapp, Stefan; Mueller, Susanne] Univ Oxford, Struct Genom Consortium SGC, Oxford OX3 7DQ, England.
[Vincke, Cecile; Muyldermans, Serge] Vrije Univ Brussel, Res Unit Cellular & Mol Immunol, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Vincke, Cecile; Muyldermans, Serge] Vrije Univ Brussel VIB, Dept Biol Struct, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Kaufholz, Melanie; Herberg, Friedrich W.] Univ Kassel, Dept Biochem, D-34132 Kassel, Germany.
[Zenn, Michael; Zimmermann, Bastian; Herberg, Friedrich W.] Biaffin GmbH & CoKG, D-34132 Kassel, Germany.
[Gutierrez, Carlos] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Fac Vet, Dept Anim Med & Surg, Arucas 35416, Las Palmas, Spain.
[Zhang, Rong-guang; Hatzos-Skintges, Catherine; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Midwest Ctr Struct Genom, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Zhang, Rong-guang; Hatzos-Skintges, Catherine; Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Struct Biol Ctr, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Muller, S (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Target Discovery Inst TDI, Old Rd Campus Res Bldg, Oxford OX3 7DQ, England.
RI Herberg, Friedrich/B-5572-2015; Muyldermans, Serge/C-6418-2016;
Gutierrez, Carlos/E-2989-2012;
OI Muller-Knapp, Susanne/0000-0003-2402-4157; Herberg,
Friedrich/0000-0001-7117-7653; Muyldermans, Serge/0000-0002-3678-3575;
Gutierrez, Carlos/0000-0003-0764-7408; Knapp, Stefan/0000-0001-5995-6494
FU Structural Genomics Consortium; Canadian Institutes for Health Research;
Canada Foundation for Innovation; Genome Canada; GlaxoSmithKline;
Pfizer; Eli Lilly; Takeda; AbbVie; Novartis Research Foundation; Ontario
Ministry of Research and Innovation; Wellcome Trust [092809/Z/10/Z];
Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) [0316177F]; European
Union [222635]; Protein Binders for Characterisation of Human Proteome
Function: Generation, Validation, Application, Seventh Framework
programme [AFF1N0MICS, 241481]; [278568]
FX This work was supported by the Structural Genomics Consortium which
receives funds from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research, the
Canada Foundation for Innovation, Genome Canada, GlaxoSmithKline,
Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Takeda, AbbVie, the Novartis Research Foundation, the
Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation and the Wellcome Trust
[grant number 092809/Z/10/Z] to S. Muller and S.K; the Bundesministerium
fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) via the Nociceptor Pain Model (NoPain)
project (project number 0316177F) to M.K. and F.W.H.; and the European
Union via the FP7 AffinityProteome project (contract number 222635) to
M.Z. and B.Z.; the AFF1N0MICS: Protein Binders for Characterisation of
Human Proteome Function: Generation, Validation, Application, Seventh
Framework programme (contract number 241481) to S. Muyldermans, T.K., S.
Muller, C.V., M.K. and F.W.H., and [grant number 278568 (to AC.)].
NR 49
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 9
PU PORTLAND PRESS LTD
PI LONDON
PA CHARLES DARWIN HOUSE, 12 ROGER STREET, LONDON WC1N 2JU, ENGLAND
SN 0264-6021
EI 1470-8728
J9 BIOCHEM J
JI Biochem. J.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 459
BP 59
EP 69
DI 10.1042/BJ20131399
PN 1
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AE1GV
UT WOS:000333718700006
PM 24438162
ER
PT J
AU Weeks, AM
Keddie, NS
Wadoux, RDP
O'Hagan, D
Chang, MCY
AF Weeks, Amy M.
Keddie, Neil S.
Wadoux, Rudy D. P.
O'Hagan, David
Chang, Michelle C. Y.
TI Molecular Recognition of Fluorine Impacts Substrate Selectivity in the
Fluoroacetyl-CoA Thioesterase FlK
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID STREPTOMYCES-CATTLEYA; FLUOROMETABOLITE BIOSYNTHESIS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
MECHANISM; SPECIFICITY; ACID; FLUOROCITRATE; SUPERFAMILY
AB The fluoroacetate-producing bacterium Streptomyces cattleya has evolved a fluoroacetyl-CoA thioesterase (FlK) that exhibits a remarkably high level of discrimination for its cognate substrate compared to the cellularly abundant analogue acetyl-CoA, which differs only by the absence of the fluorine substitution. A major determinant of FlK specificity derives from its ability to take advantage of the unique properties of fluorine to enhance the reaction rate, allowing fluorine discrimination under physiological conditions where both substrates are likely to be present at saturating concentrations. Using a combination of pH-rate profiles, pre-steady-state kinetic experiments, and Taft analysis of wild-type and mutant FlKs with a set of substrate analogues, we explore the role of fluorine in controlling the enzyme acylation and deacylation steps. Further analysis of chiral (R)- and (S)-[H-2(1)]fluoroacetyl-CoA substrates demonstrates that a kinetic isotope effect (1.7 +/- 0.2) is observed for only the (R)-H-2(1) isomer, indicating that deacylation requires recognition of the prochiral fluoromethyl group to position the alpha-carbon for proton abstraction. Taken together, the selectivity for the fluoroacetyl-CoA substrate appears to rely not only on the enhanced polarization provided by the electronegative fluorine substitution but also on molecular recognition of fluorine in both formation and breakdown of the acyl-enzyme intermediate to control active site reactivity. These studies provide insights into the basis of fluorine selectivity in a naturally occurring enzyme-substrate pair, with implications for drug design and the development of fluorine-selective biocatalysts.
C1 [Weeks, Amy M.; Chang, Michelle C. Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Keddie, Neil S.; Wadoux, Rudy D. P.; O'Hagan, David] Univ St Andrews, Sch Chem, St Andrews KY16 9ST, Fife, Scotland.
[Keddie, Neil S.; Wadoux, Rudy D. P.; O'Hagan, David] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Biomol Sci, St Andrews KY16 9ST, Fife, Scotland.
[Chang, Michelle C. Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chang, Michelle C. Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Chang, MCY (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mcchang@berkeley.edu
OI Keddie, Neil/0000-0002-9502-5862
FU University of California, Berkeley; National Institutes of Health (NIH)
[1 DP2 OD008696]; NIH National Research Service Award Training Grant [1
T32 GM066698]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship;
Aldo DeBenedictis Fellowship
FX This work was funded by generous support from University of California,
Berkeley, and National Institutes of Health (NIH) New Innovator Award 1
DP2 OD008696. A.M.W. acknowledges the support of an NIH National
Research Service Award Training Grant (1 T32 GM066698), a National
Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship, and an Aldo
DeBenedictis Fellowship.
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 19
U2 34
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 12
BP 2053
EP 2063
DI 10.1021/bi4015049
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AE2AS
UT WOS:000333776300017
PM 24635371
ER
PT J
AU Abergel, R
AF Abergel, Rebecca
TI Future chelating agents
SO BIOFUTUR
LA French
DT Article
ID ACTINIDE CHELATORS; DECORPORATION; DTPA; FORMULATION; PLUTONIUM; DESIGN
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Chim, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Abergel, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Chim, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
PI PARIS
PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 0294-3506
EI 1769-7174
J9 BIOFUTUR
JI Biofutur
PD APR
PY 2014
IS 353
BP 47
EP 50
PG 4
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA AE3GA
UT WOS:000333863800053
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, RL
Noel, JK
Whitford, PC
Mohanty, U
Sanbonmatsu, KY
Onuchic, JN
AF Hayes, Ryan L.
Noel, Jeffrey K.
Whitford, Paul C.
Mohanty, Udayan
Sanbonmatsu, Karissa Y.
Onuchic, Jose N.
TI Reduced Model Captures Mg2+ -RNA Interaction Free Energy of Riboswitches
SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID POISSON-BOLTZMANN EQUATION; SAM-II RIBOSWITCH; METAL-ION BINDING;
COUNTERION CONDENSATION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TERTIARY STRUCTURE;
NONNATIVE INTERACTIONS; STRUCTURAL STABILITY; TETRAHYMENA RIBOZYME;
ADENINE RIBOSWITCH
AB The stability of RNA tertiary structures depends heavily on Mg2+. The Mg2+-RNA interaction free energy that stabilizes an RNA structure can be computed experimentally through fluorescence-based assays that measure Gamma(2+), the number of excess Mg2+ associated with an RNA molecule. Previous explicit-solvent simulations predict that the majority of excess Mg2+ ions interact closely and strongly with the RNA, unlike monovalent ions such as K+, suggesting that an explicit treatment of Mg2+ is important for capturing RNA dynamics. Here we present a reduced model that accurately reproduces the thermodynamics of Mg2+-RNA interactions. This model is able to characterize long-timescale RNA dynamics coupled to Mg2+ through the explicit representation of Mg2+ ions. KCl is described by Debye-Huckel screening and a Manning condensation parameter, which represents condensed K+ and models its competition with condensed Mg2+. The model contains one fitted parameter, the number of condensed K+ ions in the absence of Mg2+. Values of Gamma(2+), computed from molecular dynamics simulations using the model show excellent agreement with both experimental data on the adenine riboswitch and previous explicit-solvent simulations of the SAM-I riboswitch. This agreement confirms the thermodynamic accuracy of the model via the direct relation of Gamma(2+), to the Mg2+-RNA interaction free energy, and provides further support for the predictions from explicit-solvent calculations. This reduced model will be useful for future studies of the interplay between Mg2+ and RNA dynamics.
C1 [Hayes, Ryan L.; Noel, Jeffrey K.; Onuchic, Jose N.] Rice Univ, Ctr Theoret Biol Phys, Houston, TX USA.
[Hayes, Ryan L.; Noel, Jeffrey K.; Onuchic, Jose N.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX USA.
[Whitford, Paul C.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Mohanty, Udayan] Boston Coll, Dept Chem, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
[Sanbonmatsu, Karissa Y.] Los Alamos Natl Labs, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Onuchic, Jose N.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX USA.
[Onuchic, Jose N.] Rice Univ, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
RP Sanbonmatsu, KY (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Labs, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM kys@lanl.gov; jonuchic@rice.edu
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Institutional Computing for
computing resources; Center for Theoretical Biological Physics; National
Science Foundation [PHY-1308264]; NSF [MCB-1214457]; LANL Laboratory
Research and Development; Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of
Texas
FX We are grateful for the support of the Los Alamos National Laboratory
(LANL) Institutional Computing for computing resources.; This work was
supported by the Center for Theoretical Biological Physics sponsored by
the National Science Foundation (Grant PHY-1308264), by the NSF (Grant
MCB-1214457), and by LANL Laboratory Research and Development. U.M. is a
John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation fellow. J.N.O. is a CPRIT
Scholar in Cancer Research sponsored by the Cancer Prevention and
Research Institute of Texas.
NR 86
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 34
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0006-3495
EI 1542-0086
J9 BIOPHYS J
JI Biophys. J.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 106
IS 7
BP 1508
EP 1519
DI 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.01.042
PG 12
WC Biophysics
SC Biophysics
GA AE1TY
UT WOS:000333754300010
PM 24703312
ER
PT J
AU Ford, SR
Rodgers, AJ
Xu, HM
Templeton, DC
Harben, P
Foxall, W
Reinke, RE
AF Ford, Sean R.
Rodgers, Arthur J.
Xu, Heming
Templeton, Dennise C.
Harben, Philip
Foxall, William
Reinke, Robert E.
TI Partitioning of Seismoacoustic Energy and Estimation of Yield and
Height-of-Burst/Depth-of-Burial for Near-Surface Explosions
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
AB Explosions near the Earth's surface excite both seismic ground motions and atmospheric overpressure. The energy transferred to the ground and atmosphere from a near-surface explosion depends on yield (W) as well as the height-of-burst/depth-of-burial (HOB/DOB) for above/belowground emplacements. We report analyses of seismic and overpressure motions from the Humble Redwood series of low-yield, near-surface chemical explosions with the aim of developing quantitative models of energy partitioning and a methodology to estimate W and HOB/DOB. The effects of yield, HOB, and range on amplitudes can be cast into separable functions of range and HOB scaled by yield. We find that displacement of the initial P wave and the integral of the positive overpressure (impulse) are diagnostic of W and HOB with minimal scatter. An empirical model describing the dependence of seismic and air-blast measurements on W, HOB/DOB, and range is determined and model parameters are found by regression. We find seismic amplitudes for explosions of a given yield emplaced at or above the surface are reduced by a factor of 3 relative to fully contained explosions below ground. Air-blast overpressure is reduced more dramatically, with impulse reduced by a factor of 100 for deeply buried explosions relative to surface blasts. Our signal models are used to invert seismic and overpressure measurements for W and HOB and we find good agreement (W errors < 30%, HOB within meters) with ground-truth values for four noncircular validation tests. Although there is a trade-off between W and HOB for a single seismic or overpressure measurement, the use of both measurement types allows us to largely break this trade-off and better constrain W and HOB. However, both models lack resolution of HOB for aboveground explosions.
C1 [Ford, Sean R.; Rodgers, Arthur J.; Xu, Heming; Templeton, Dennise C.; Harben, Philip; Foxall, William] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Reinke, Robert E.] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.
RP Ford, SR (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM sean@llnl.gov
RI Rodgers, Arthur/E-2443-2011; Templeton, Dennise/J-8254-2015; Ford,
Sean/F-9191-2011
OI Templeton, Dennise/0000-0003-0598-7273; Ford, Sean/0000-0002-0376-5792
FU U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration,
Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, Research and Development;
U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX We are grateful to Pat Lewis (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[LLNL]), Doug Seastrand (National Security Technologies LLC [NSTec]),
and Al Leverette (Defense Threat Reduction Agency [DTRA]) for field
deployment of sensors, data collection, and reduction. This study
benefited from earlier analysis of overpressure data by Ross Marrs
(LLNL). We are grateful for two anonymous reviewers, particularly the
reviewer that noted the ratio of surface-to-body wave energy as an
estimator of depth. Keith Koper kindly provided the Dipole Might/Divine
Buffalo dataset. The authors are grateful for support from the DTRA and
the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration,
Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, Research and Development.
This research was performed in part under the auspices of the U.S.
Department of Energy by the LLNL under Contract Number
DE-AC52-07NA27344. This is LLNL Contribution LLNL-JRNL-635120.
NR 35
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 9
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 2
BP 608
EP 623
DI 10.1785/0120130130
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE0QU
UT WOS:000333672000002
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, XJ
Burbey, TJ
AF Zhou, Xuejun
Burbey, Thomas J.
TI Pore-Pressure Response to Sudden Fault Slip for Three Typical Faulting
Regimes
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID 1992 LANDERS EARTHQUAKE; RATE-WEAKENING FRICTION; WATER-LEVEL CHANGES;
HALF-SPACE; HYDROLOGICAL CHANGES; TENSILE FAULTS; SHALLOW CRUST;
SEISMIC-WAVES; POROUS-MEDIA; CREEP EVENTS
AB The hydrological effects of earthquakes are determined by the style of fault displacement, rather than simply by the magnitude of the earthquake. In the past, many researchers used the analytical solution of Okada (1992) to estimate the pore-pressure field, which is derived through the stress field by Skempton's B coefficient, after the stress field is calculated from a given forced fault slip in Okada's method (Okada, 1992). This approach is a one-way coupling approach, as fluid has no effect on rock behavior, and Skempton's B coefficient must be given separately to know the pore-pressure field. We create a fault-slip model in conjunction with a poroelastic model and present a new approach in which fault movement is a consequence of reduced friction occurring in a saturated porous medium. This model represents a numerical parallel to the traditional Okada's approach, but with two advantages: (1) it is well suited for more complex geometries and heterogeneous formations for which analytical methods fail; (2) it is fully coupled so that fluid effects are also taken into account. This model shows that all three different faulting regimes exhibit completely different pore-pressure change distributions in 3D space. The transient pore-pressure change after a strike-slip faulting event is axis symmetrical with respect to the imaginary vertical line passing through the epicenter and hypocenter, with increased and decreased areas evenly distributed in a juxtaposed pattern. The transient pore-pressure changes associated with normal and thrust faulting all display a circular pattern on the model surface, with the largest pore-pressure increase occurring at the epicenter for normal faulting and the largest decrease for thrust faulting. Many observed field phenomena have been explained in surprising detail by this model.
C1 [Zhou, Xuejun; Burbey, Thomas J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Zhou, Xuejun; Burbey, Thomas J.] Reg Univ Alliance, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
RP Zhou, XJ (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Geosci, 1425 Perry St, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM zhouxj@vt.edu; tjburbey@vt.edu
OI zhou, xuejun/0000-0003-0060-8422
FU RES [DE-FE0004000]
FX This technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy
Technology Laboratory (NETL)'s ongoing research in geologic
CO2 sequestration under the RES contract DE-FE0004000. The
reviewers are greatly appreciated for providing very helpful comments.
Any opinions, findings,
NR 102
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 15
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 2
BP 793
EP 808
DI 10.1785/0120130139
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AE0QU
UT WOS:000333672000013
ER
PT J
AU Hastings, CJ
Bergman, RG
Raymond, KN
AF Hastings, Courtney J.
Bergman, Robert G.
Raymond, Kenneth N.
TI Origins of Large Rate Enhancements in the Nazarov Cyclization Catalyzed
by Supramolecular Encapsulation
SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE carbocations; catalysis; electrocyclization; reaction mechanisms;
supramolecular chemistry
ID AZA-COPE REARRANGEMENT; BASIC SOLUTION; ORTHOFORMATE HYDROLYSIS;
MOLECULAR CATALYSIS; ARTIFICIAL ENZYMES; ATP-HYDROLYSIS; ANIONIC HOST;
STABILIZATION; COMPLEXES; GUEST
AB The self-assembled supramolecular host [Ga4L6](12-) (1; L=N,N-bis(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-1,5-diaminonaphthalene) catalyzes the Nazarov cyclization of 1,3-pentadienols with extremely high levels of efficiency. The catalyzed reaction proceeds at a rate over a million times faster than that of the background reaction, an increase comparable to those observed in some enzymatic systems. A detailed study was conducted to elucidate the reaction mechanism of both the catalyzed and uncatalyzed Nazarov cyclization of pentadienols. Kinetic analysis and O-18-exchange experiments implicate a mechanism, in which encapsulation, protonation, and water loss from substrate are reversible, followed by irreversible electrocyclization. Although electrocyclization is rate determining in the uncatalyzed reaction, the barrier for water loss and for electrocyclization are nearly equal in the assembly-catalyzed reaction. Analysis of the energetics of the catalyzed and uncatalyzed reaction revealed that transition-state stabilization contributes significantly to the dramatically enhanced rate of the catalyzed reaction.
C1 [Hastings, Courtney J.; Bergman, Robert G.; Raymond, Kenneth N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hastings, Courtney J.; Bergman, Robert G.; Raymond, Kenneth N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Bergman, RG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM rbergman@berkeley.edu; raymond@socrates.berkeley.edu
FU NSF [CHE-0233882, CHE-0840505]; Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences; Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences of the U.S. Department of Energy at LBNL [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Jamin Krinski and Dr. Kathleen
Durkin for assistance with DFT computational studies, and acknowledge
NSF Grants CHE-0233882 and CHE-0840505, which fund the UC Berkeley
Molecular Graphics and Computational Facility. We also thank Dr. Ulla
Andersen for obtaining MS data and Prof. Michael Pluth for helpful
discussions. We acknowledge financial support from the Director, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and the Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences of the U.S. Department
of Energy at LBNL under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 69
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 41
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0947-6539
EI 1521-3765
J9 CHEM-EUR J
JI Chem.-Eur. J.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 14
BP 3966
EP 3973
DI 10.1002/chem.201303885
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AD7ME
UT WOS:000333447200015
PM 24615703
ER
PT J
AU McBridea, JC
Zhao, XP
Munro, NB
Smith, CD
Jicha, GA
Hively, L
Broster, LS
Schmitt, FA
Kryscio, RJ
Jiang, Y
AF McBridea, Joseph C.
Zhao, Xiaopeng
Munro, Nancy B.
Smith, Charles D.
Jicha, Gregory A.
Hively, Lee
Broster, Lucas S.
Schmitt, Frederick A.
Kryscio, Richard J.
Jiang, Yang
TI Spectral and complexity analysis of scalp EEG characteristics for mild
cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease
SO COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE EEG-based diagnosis; Early Alzheimer's disease; Mild cognitive
impairment; Spectral; Entropy
ID RESTING EEG; EARLY-STAGE; SYNCHRONIZATION; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY;
DISCRIMINATION; IDENTIFICATION; INFORMATION; POTENTIALS; COHERENCE;
DIAGNOSIS
AB Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) often is an early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). MCI is characterized by cognitive decline departing from normal cognitive aging but that does not significantly interfere with daily activities. This study explores the potential of scalp EEG for early detection of alterations from cognitively normal status of older adults signifying MCI and AD. Resting 32-channel EEG records from 48 age-matched participants (mean age 75.7 years)-15 normal controls (NC), 16 early MCI, and 17 early stage AD are examined. Regional spectral and complexity features are computed and used in a support vector machine model to discriminate between groups. Analyses based on three-way classifications demonstrate overall discrimination accuracies of 83.3%, 85.4%, and 79.2% for resting eyes open, counting eyes closed, and resting eyes closed protocols, respectively. These results demonstrate the great promise for scalp EEG spectral and complexity features as noninvasive biomarkers for detection of MCI and early AD. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [McBridea, Joseph C.; Zhao, Xiaopeng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Zhao, Xiaopeng] Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Munro, Nancy B.; Hively, Lee] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Smith, Charles D.; Jicha, Gregory A.; Schmitt, Frederick A.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Neurol, Lexington, KY 40356 USA.
[Smith, Charles D.; Jicha, Gregory A.; Broster, Lucas S.; Schmitt, Frederick A.; Kryscio, Richard J.; Jiang, Yang] Univ Kentucky, Sanders Brown Ctr Aging, Lexington, KY 40356 USA.
[Kryscio, Richard J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Stat, Lexington, KY 40356 USA.
[Broster, Lucas S.; Jiang, Yang] Univ Kentucky, Dept Behav Sci, Lexington, KY 40356 USA.
RP McBridea, JC (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, 313 Perkins Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM xzhao9@utk.edu
RI Zhao, Xiaopeng/A-4419-2008
OI Zhao, Xiaopeng/0000-0003-1207-5379
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; NSF
[CMMI-0845753, CMMI-1234155]; NIH [NIH P30 AG028383, NIH AG00986, NIH
NCRR UL1RR033173]
FX Research was sponsored in part by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by
UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC05-00OR22725; by the NSF under grant numbers CMMI-0845753 and
CMMI-1234155; and in part by the NIH under grants NIH P30 AG028383 to UK
Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, NIH AG00986 to YJ, and NIH NCRR
UL1RR033173 to UK Center for Clinical and Translational Science. The
contributions to this paper by two of the authors (N. B. Munro and L. M.
Hively) was prepared while acting in their own independent capacities
and not on behalf of UT-Battelle, LLC, or its affiliates or successors,
or Oak Ridge National Laboratory, or the US Department of Energy.
NR 46
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0169-2607
EI 1872-7565
J9 COMPUT METH PROG BIO
JI Comput. Meth. Programs Biomed.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 114
IS 2
BP 153
EP 163
DI 10.1016/j.cmpb.2014.01.019
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science,
Theory & Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Medical Informatics
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Medical Informatics
GA AD7ON
UT WOS:000333453600002
PM 24598317
ER
PT J
AU Gakh, AA
Shermolovich, Y
AF Gakh, Andrei A.
Shermolovich, Yuriy
TI Trifluoromethylated Heterocycles
SO CURRENT TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Review
DE Trifluoromethyl group; heterocycles
ID ORGANIC FLUORINE-COMPOUNDS; FLUOROFORM-DERIVED CUCF3;
SULFUR-TETRAFLUORIDE; IN-SITU; MEDIATED TRIFLUOROMETHYLATION; PHOTOREDOX
CATALYSIS; CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS; AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; BUILDING-BLOCKS;
DRUG DISCOVERY
AB This review is a follow-up to the previous chapter, "Monofluorinated Heterocycles" (Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry, 2012, 33-63), and presents an overview of synthetic chemistry of heterocycles with only one trifluoromethyl group directly attached to the ring (trifluoromethylated heterocycles). Particular attention is given to the modern direct trifluoromethylation methods, including catalytic reactions, organometallic reagents, carbene and hypervalent chemistry, utilization of ionic nucleophilic and electrophilic trifluoromethylating agents, and to other pertinent trends. One of the emphases of the review is compounds with biomedical potential.
C1 [Gakh, Andrei A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Gakh, Andrei A.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA.
[Gakh, Andrei A.] Discovery Chem Project, Bethesda, MD 20824 USA.
[Shermolovich, Yuriy] NAS Ukraine, Inst Organ Chem, UA-02660 Kiev 94, Ukraine.
RP Gakh, AA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM gakhaa@yahoo.com
FU U.S. Department of Energy; National Institutes of Health; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This paper is a contribution from the Discovery Chemistry Project funded
in part by the U.S. Department of Energy in collaboration with the
National Institutes of Health. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed
and operated by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for
the U.S. Department of Energy. The content of this publication does not
necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services and the U.S. Department of Energy, nor does
mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 128
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U1 1
U2 31
PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
PI SHARJAH
PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB
EMIRATES
SN 1568-0266
EI 1873-4294
J9 CURR TOP MED CHEM
JI Curr. Top. Med. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 7
BP 952
EP 965
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Medicinal
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA AE1RP
UT WOS:000333747600008
PM 24484422
ER
PT J
AU Akhter, MF
Omelon, CR
Gordon, RA
Moser, D
Macfie, SM
AF Akhter, Mst. Fardausi
Omelon, Christopher R.
Gordon, Robert A.
Moser, Desmond
Macfie, Sheila M.
TI Localization and chemical speciation of cadmium in the roots of barley
and lettuce
SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cadmium; Electron spectroscopy; X-ray spectroscopy; Chemical speciation;
Hordeum vulgare; Lactuca sativa
ID X-RAY-MICROANALYSIS; SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; SUBCELLULAR-DISTRIBUTION;
ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; HYPERACCUMULATOR;
ACCUMULATION; LEAVES; PLANTS; ZINC
AB Plants have the potential to accumulate toxic amounts of cadmium (Cd), and understanding how and where Cd is stored in plants is important for ensuring food safety. Previous experiments have determined that a greater amount of Cd is translocated into the leaves of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) as compared to barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare). Preferential retention of Cd in root of barley would explain this difference. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the localization and coordination environment of Cd (i.e., the ligands to which Cd was bound) in the different root tissues of lettuce and barley using histochemical staining, electron microscopy and micro X-ray spectroscopy. Retention of Cd in barley roots could be explained by accumulation of Cd at the endodermis, comparatively higher amounts of Cd sequestered in the symplast of cortical cells and binding to xylem cell walls. Increased translocation of Cd to lettuce shoots seemed to be due to a less effective barrier at the endodermis and less sequestration of Cd in the cortex. Regardless of the tissue type, most of the Cd2+ was bound to S ligands in the roots of barley, possibly reflecting accumulation of Cd-phytochelatin and Cd S molecules in the vacuoles. In lettuce roots, Cd was more evenly distributed among ligands containing S, O and NO3 groups, which is indicative of proportionately more Cd binding to the cell walls, relative to barley. These results will be useful in uncovering the mechanisms of differential Cd-tolerance and sequestration in lettuce and barley. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Akhter, Mst. Fardausi; Macfie, Sheila M.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada.
[Omelon, Christopher R.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Gordon, Robert A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Pacific Northwest Consortium Synchrotron Radiat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Moser, Desmond] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada.
RP Macfie, SM (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, 1151 Richmond St N, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada.
EM fardausi@gmail.com; omelon@jsg.utexas.edu; ragordon@alumni.sfu.ca;
desmond.moser@uwo.ca; smacfie@uwo.ca
FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada; US
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; US Department of Energy - Basic Energy Sciences, a
Major Resources Support grant from NSERC; University of Washington;
Canadian Light Source; Advanced Photon Source
FX Funding was provided by the Natural Science and Engineering Research
Council (NSERC) of Canada Discovery Grant Program (SMM and DM). Use of
the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the US Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. PNC/XSD facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and
research at these facilities, are supported by the US Department of
Energy - Basic Energy Sciences, a Major Resources Support grant from
NSERC, the University of Washington, the Canadian Light Source and the
Advanced Photon Source. We thank Mr. Ivan Barker for technical
assistance with SEM-WDS; Drs. R. Gregory Thorn, Melanie Columbus,
Jeremiah Shuster and Gordon Southam for assistance with processing
samples, and Dr. William Hendershot for providing the barley seeds.
NR 44
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 9
U2 72
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-8472
EI 1873-7307
J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT
JI Environ. Exp. Bot.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 100
BP 10
EP 19
DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2013.12.005
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AD8HX
UT WOS:000333508200002
ER
PT J
AU Donovan, PM
Blum, JD
Demers, JD
Gu, BH
Brooks, SC
Peryam, J
AF Donovan, Patrick M.
Blum, Joel D.
Demers, Jason D.
Gu, Baohua
Brooks, Scott C.
Peryam, John
TI Identification of Multiple Mercury Sources to Stream Sediments near Oak
Ridge, TN, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID STABLE-ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; LARGE
RIVER-RESERVOIR; POPLAR CREEK; HG; SOILS; CONTAMINATION; SPECIATION;
TENNESSEE; HG(II)
AB Sediments were analyzed for total Hg concentration (THg) and isotopic composition from streams and rivers in the vicinity of the Y-12 National Security Complex (Y12) in Oak Ridge, TN (USA). In the stream directly draining Y12, where industrial releases of mercury (Hg) have been documented, high THg (3.26 to 60.1 mu g/g) sediments had a distinct Hg isotopic composition (delta Hg-202 of 0.02 +/- 0.15 parts per thousand and Delta Hg-199 of -0.07 +/- 0.03 parts per thousand; mean +/- 1SD, n = 12) compared to sediments from relatively uncontaminated streams in the region (delta Hg-202 = -1.40 +/- 0.06 parts per thousand and Delta Hg-199 of -0.26 +/- 0.03 parts per thousand; mean +/- 1SD, n = 6). Additionally, several streams that are nearby but do not drain Y12 had sediments with intermediate THg (0.06 to 0.21 mu g/g) and anomalous delta Hg-202 (as low as -5.07 parts per thousand). We suggest that the low delta Hg-202 values in these sediments provide evidence for the contribution of an additional Hg source to sediments, possibly derived from atmospheric deposition. In sediments directly downstream of Y12 this third Hg source is not discernible, and the Hg isotopic composition can be largely explained by the mixing of low THg sediments with high THg sediments contaminated by Y12 discharges.
C1 [Donovan, Patrick M.; Blum, Joel D.; Demers, Jason D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Gu, Baohua; Brooks, Scott C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Peryam, John] Tennessee Dept Environm & Conservat, Div Remediat, DOE Oversight Off, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
RP Donovan, PM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 1100 North Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM pmdon@umich.edu
RI Brooks, Scott/B-9439-2012; Gu, Baohua/B-9511-2012
OI Brooks, Scott/0000-0002-8437-9788; Gu, Baohua/0000-0002-7299-2956
FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0007042]; DOE
[DE-AC05-000R22725]
FX We thank Marcus Johnson for expert assistance in the operation of the
CV-MC-ICP-MS and Carrie Miller, Ami Ricassi, Balaji Anandha Rao, and
David Kocman for their valuable assistance with field sampling. This
manuscript was improved by the constructive comments of three anonymous
reviewers. The research was supported by the Office of Science (BER),
U.S. Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-SC0007042. ORNL is managed
by UT-Battelle LLC for the DOE under Contract No. DE-AC05-000R22725.
NR 65
TC 11
Z9 14
U1 10
U2 83
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 7
BP 3666
EP 3674
DI 10.1021/es4046549
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE2AQ
UT WOS:000333776100009
PM 24588770
ER
PT J
AU Worton, DR
Isaacman, G
Gentner, DR
Dallmann, TR
Chan, AWH
Ruehl, C
Kirchstetter, TW
Wilson, KR
Harley, RA
Goldstein, AH
AF Worton, David R.
Isaacman, Gabriel
Gentner, Drew R.
Dallmann, Timothy R.
Chan, Arthur W. H.
Ruehl, Christopher
Kirchstetter, Thomas W.
Wilson, Kevin R.
Harley, Robert A.
Goldstein, Allen H.
TI Lubricating Oil Dominates Primary Organic Aerosol Emissions from Motor
Vehicles
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DUTY DIESEL TRUCKS; PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSIONS; AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES;
GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GASOLINE; ATMOSPHERE; CARBON;
HYDROCARBONS; EXHAUST
AB Motor vehicles are major sources of primary organic aerosol (POA), which is a mixture of a large number of organic compounds that have not been comprehensively characterized. In this work, we apply a recently developed gas chromatography mass spectrometry approach utilizing "soft" vacuum ultraviolet photoionization to achieve unprecedented chemical characterization of motor vehicle POA emissions in a roadway tunnel with a mass closure of >60%. The observed POA was characterized by number of carbon atoms (N-C), number of double bond equivalents (N-DBE) and degree of molecular branching. Vehicular POA was observed to predominantly contain cycloalkanes with one or more rings and one or more branched alkyl side chains (>= 80%) with low abundances of n-alkanes and aromatics (<5%), similar to "fresh" lubricating oil. The gas chromatography retention time data indicates that the cycloalkane ring structures are most likely dominated by cyclohexane and cyclopentane rings and not larger cycloalkanes. High molecular weight combustion byproducts, that is, alkenes, oxygenates, and aromatics, were not present in significant amounts. The observed carbon number and chemical composition of motor vehicle POA was consistent with lubricating oil being the dominant source from both gasoline and diesel-powered vehicles, with an additional smaller contribution from unburned diesel fuel and a negligible contribution from unburned gasoline.
C1 [Worton, David R.; Isaacman, Gabriel; Chan, Arthur W. H.; Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Worton, David R.] Aerosol Dynam Inc, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA.
[Gentner, Drew R.; Dallmann, Timothy R.; Kirchstetter, Thomas W.; Harley, Robert A.; Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Ruehl, Christopher; Wilson, Kevin R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kirchstetter, Thomas W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Worton, DR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM dworton@berkeley.edu
RI Worton, David/A-8374-2012; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011;
Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel/I-5590-2014; Harley, Robert/C-9177-2016;
Chan, Arthur/I-2233-2013;
OI Worton, David/0000-0002-6558-5586; Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896;
Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel/0000-0002-3717-4798; Harley,
Robert/0000-0002-0559-1917; Chan, Arthur/0000-0001-7392-4237; Dallmann,
Timothy/0000-0002-6520-7796
FU EPA [RD834553]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of
the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank the staff of the Caldecott tunnel for assistance with data
collection. This work was funded by EPA grant RD834553. Its contents are
solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not necessarily
represent the official views of the EPA. Further, EPA does not endorse
purchase of commercial products or services mentioned herein. The
Advanced Light Source, the Chemical Dynamics Beamline and KRW were
supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 48
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 17
U2 101
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 7
BP 3698
EP 3706
DI 10.1021/es405375j
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE2AQ
UT WOS:000333776100013
PM 24621254
ER
PT J
AU Knappenberger, T
Flury, M
Mattson, ED
Harsh, JB
AF Knappenberger, Thorsten
Flury, Markus
Mattson, Earl D.
Harsh, James B.
TI Does Water Content or Flow Rate Control Colloid Transport in Unsaturated
Porous Media?
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID YUCCA MOUNTAIN TUFF; FACILITATED TRANSPORT; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES;
CAPILLARY FORCES; IONIC-STRENGTH; VADOSE ZONE; IDEAL SOIL; PORE-SCALE;
RETENTION; INTERFACE
AB Mobile colloids can play an important role in contaminant transport in soils: many contaminants exist in colloidal form, and colloids can facilitate transport of otherwise immobile contaminants. In unsaturated soils, colloid transport is, among other factors, affected by water content and flow rate. Our objective was to determine whether water content or flow rate is more important for colloid transport. We passed negatively charged polystyrene colloids (220 nm diameter) through unsaturated sand-filled columns under steady-state flow at different water contents (effective water saturations S-e ranging from 0.1 to 1.0, with S-e = (theta - theta(r))/(theta(s) - theta(r))) and flow rates (pore water velocities nu of 5 and 10 cm/min). Water content was the dominant factor in our experiments. Colloid transport decreased with decreasing water content, and below a critical water content (S-e < 0.1), colloid transport was inhibited, and colloids were strained in water films. Pendular ring and water film thickness calculations indicated that colloids can move only when pendular rings are interconnected. The flow rate affected retention of colloids in the secondary energy minimum, with less colloids being trapped when the flow rate increased. These results confirm the importance of both water content and flow rate for colloid transport in unsaturated porous media and highlight the dominant role of water content.
C1 [Knappenberger, Thorsten; Flury, Markus] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA.
[Mattson, Earl D.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Harsh, James B.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Knappenberger, T (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA.
EM tj.knappenberger@wsu.edu
RI Flury, Markus/H-2983-2012; Harsh, James/C-7455-2014;
OI Flury, Markus/0000-0002-3344-3962; Harsh, James/0000-0002-0177-3342;
Mattson, Earl/0000-0002-2616-0008
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science (BER) [DE-FG02-08ER64660];
German Research Foundation; Washington State University Agricultural
Research Center [0267, 0152]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science (BER), under Award No. DE-FG02-08ER64660. We
thank the German Research Foundation for supporting this study with a
postdoctoral fellowship to T.K. Funding was further provided by the
Washington State University Agricultural Research Center through Hatch
Projects 0267 and 0152. We thank the four anonymous reviewers for their
comments.
NR 66
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 5
U2 55
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 7
BP 3791
EP 3799
DI 10.1021/es404705d
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE2AQ
UT WOS:000333776100024
PM 24588072
ER
PT J
AU Sippola, MR
Sextro, RG
Thatcher, TL
AF Sippola, Mark R.
Sextro, Richard G.
Thatcher, Tracy L.
TI Measurements and Modeling of Deposited Particle Transport by Foot
Traffic Indoors
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB Deposited particles are transported into and within buildings by by adhering to and releasing from people's shoes. To better understand transport of deposited particulate contaminants and exposures to these materials, experimental data on tracking by foot traffic are needed. Laboratory experiments measured uptake and downlay mass transfer efficiencies of particles between shoes and floors in a step-simulation chamber. Equilibrium uptake transfer fractions, the net mass fraction transferred from floors to shoes after several steps, were, also measured. Single-step uptake and downlay transfer efficiencies ranged from 0.02 to 0.22 and equilibrium uptake transfer fractions were 0.10-0.40. Particle size, particle loading, shoe type, floor type, step pressure, and step sequence were all investigated. Experiments demonstrated that single-step downlay transfer efficiencies decrease with each successive step onto clean floors. A simple empirical model is proposed to estimate these transfers as a function of step number. Simulations using the transfer efficiency values measured here illustrate the spread of deposited particles by people walking in a hypothetical hallway. These simulations show that in locations where a few people walk over the same area each minute, tracking can spread deposited material over length scales comparable to building dimensions in just a few hours.
C1 [Sippola, Mark R.; Sextro, Richard G.; Thatcher, Tracy L.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Indoor Environm Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Sippola, MR (reprint author), Calif Air Resources Board, Stationary Source Div, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
EM msippola@arb.ca.gov
FU Office of Chemical Biological Countermeasures, of the Science and
Technology Directorate of the Department of Homeland Security; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Chemical Biological
Countermeasures, of the Science and Technology Directorate of the
Department of Homeland Security, and performed under U.S. Department of
Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 7
BP 3800
EP 3807
DI 10.1021/es404886x
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE2AQ
UT WOS:000333776100025
PM 24579974
ER
PT J
AU Kerisit, S
Liu, CX
AF Kerisit, Sebastien
Liu, Chongxuan
TI Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Uranyl and Uranyl Carbonate Adsorption
at Aluminosilicate Surfaces
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOSIZED MINERAL FRACTURES; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL MODEL; EXAFS
SPECTROSCOPY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; BINDING-SITES; HANFORD-SITE;
FORCE-FIELD; FREE-ENERGY; COMPLEXATION; KAOLINITE
AB Adsorption at mineral surfaces is a critical factor controlling the mobility of uranium(VI) in aqueous environments. Therefore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to investigate uranyl(VI) adsorption onto two neutral aluminosilicate surfaces, namely, the orthoclase (001) surface and the octahedral aluminum sheet of the kaolinite (001) surface. Although uranyl preferentially adsorbs as a bidentate inner-sphere complex on both surfaces, the free energy of adsorption on the orthoclase surface (-15 kcal mol(-1)) is significantly more favorable than that at the kaolinite surface (-3 kcal mol(-1)), which is attributed to differences in surface functional groups and the ability of the orthoclase surface to release a surface potassium ion upon uranyl adsorption. The structures of the adsorbed complexes compare favorably with X-ray absorption spectroscopy results. Simulations of the adsorption of uranyl complexes with up to three carbonate ligands revealed that uranyl complexes coordinated to up to two carbonate ions are stable on the orthoclase surface whereas uranyl carbonate surface complexes are unfavored at the kaolinite surface. Combining the MD-derived equilibrium adsorption constants for orthoclase with aqueous equilibrium constants for uranyl carbonate species indicates the presence of adsorbed uranium complexes with one or two carbonates under alkaline conditions, in support of current uranium (VI) surface complexation models.
C1 [Kerisit, Sebastien; Liu, Chongxuan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Kerisit, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Phys Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM sebastien.kerisit@pnnl.gov
RI Liu, Chongxuan/C-5580-2009
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Biological and Environmental
Research (OBER) through the Subsurface Biogeochemistry Research (SBR)
Program of the Science Focus Area (SFA) at Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory (PNNL); OBER; DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute
[DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE),
Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER), through the
Subsurface Biogeochemistry Research (SBR) Program of the Science Focus
Area (SFA) at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The computer
simulations were performed in part using the Molecular Science Computing
(MSC) facilities in the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular
Sciences Laboratory (EMSL), a National Scientific User Facility
sponsored by OBER and located at PNNL. PNNL is operated for the DOE by
Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 69
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 13
U2 110
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 7
BP 3899
EP 3907
DI 10.1021/es405387c
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE2AQ
UT WOS:000333776100037
PM 24580048
ER
PT J
AU Dai, ZX
Stauffer, PH
Carey, JW
Middleton, RS
Lu, ZM
Jacobs, JF
Hnottavange-Telleen, K
Spangler, LH
AF Dai, Zhenxue
Stauffer, Philip H.
Carey, J. William
Middleton, Richard S.
Lu, Zhiming
Jacobs, John F.
Hnottavange-Telleen, Ken
Spangler, Lee H.
TI Pre-site Characterization Risk Analysis for Commercial-Scale Carbon
Sequestration
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEM MODEL; CO2; STORAGE; LEAKAGE; FLOW; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT;
DIOXIDE; WATER
AB This study develops a probability framework to evaluate subsurface risks associated with commercial-scale carbon sequestration in the Kevin Dome, Montana. Limited knowledge of the spatial distribution of physical attributes of the storage reservoir and the confining rocks in the area requires using regional data to estimate project risks during the pre-site characterization analysis. A set of integrated Monte Carlo simulations are used to assess four risk proxies: the CO2 injectivity, area of review (AoR), migration rate into confining rocks, and a monitoring strategy prior to detailed site characterization. Results show a reasonable likelihood of reaching the project goal of injecting 1 Mt in 4 years with a single injection well (>58%), increasing to >70% if the project is allowed to run for 5 years. The mean radius of the AoR, based on a 0.1 MPa pressure change, is around 4.8 km. No leakage of CO2 through the confining units is seen in any simulations. The computed CO2 detection probability suggests that the monitoring wells should be located at less than 1.2 km away from the injection well so that CO2 is likely to be detected within the time frame of the project. The scientific results of this study will be used to inform the detailed site characterization process and to provide more insight for understanding operational and technical risks before injecting CO2.
C1 [Dai, Zhenxue; Stauffer, Philip H.; Carey, J. William; Middleton, Richard S.; Lu, Zhiming; Jacobs, John F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Hnottavange-Telleen, Ken] Schlumberger Carbon Serv, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Spangler, Lee H.] Montana State Univ, Energy Res Inst, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Dai, ZX (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
EM daiz@lanl.gov; stauffer@lanl.gov
OI Spangler, Lee/0000-0002-3870-6696; Middleton,
Richard/0000-0002-8039-6601; Stauffer, Philip/0000-0002-6976-221X; Dai,
Zhenxue/0000-0002-0805-7621; Lu, Zhiming/0000-0001-5800-3368
FU U.S. Department of Energy
FX This work is part of the Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership
CO2-EOR/Storage Project that is supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy and managed by the National Energy Technology
Laboratory.
NR 41
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 7
BP 3908
EP 3915
DI 10.1021/es405468p
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE2AQ
UT WOS:000333776100038
PM 24625081
ER
PT J
AU Ghimire, SR
Johnston, JM
Ingwersen, WW
Hawkins, TR
AF Ghimire, Santosh R.
Johnston, John M.
Ingwersen, Wesley W.
Hawkins, Troy R.
TI Life Cycle Assessment of Domestic and Agricultural Rainwater Harvesting
Systems
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID IMPACT ASSESSMENT; WATER-USE; RAIN WATER; LCA; USA; URBANIZATION;
ECOTOXICITY; PERSPECTIVE; MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE
AB To further understanding of the environmental implications of rainwater harvesting and its water savings potential relative to conventional U.S. water delivery infrastructure, we present a method to perform life cycle assessment of domestic rainwater harvesting (DRWH) and agricultural rainwater harvesting (ARWH) systems. We also summarize the design aspects of DRWH and ARWH systems adapted to the Back Creek watershed, Virginia. The baseline design reveals that the pump and pumping electricity are the main components of DRWH and ARWH impacts. For nonpotable uses, the minimal design of DRWH (with shortened distribution distance and no pump) outperforms municipal drinking water in all environmental impact categories except ecotoxicity. The minimal design of ARWH outperforms well water in all impact categories. In terms of watershed sustainability, the two minimal designs reduced environmental impacts, from 58% to 78% energy use and 67% to 88% human health criteria pollutants, as well as avoiding up to 20% blue water (surface/groundwater) losses, compared to municipal drinking water and well water. We address potential environmental and human health impacts of urban and rural RWH systems in the region. The Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability (BEES) model-based life cycle inventory data were used for this study.
C1 [Ghimire, Santosh R.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Johnston, John M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Ingwersen, Wesley W.; Hawkins, Troy R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Johnston, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM johnston.johnm@epa.gov
OI Ingwersen, Wesley/0000-0002-9614-701X
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and
Development, Athens, GA; U.S. Department of Energy [DW8992298301]; U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency [DW8992298301]
FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the
Postdoctoral Research Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development, Athens, GA,
administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
through Interagency Agreement No. DW8992298301 between the U.S.
Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In
addition, we thank Lourdes Prieto and Katie Price (EPA) for their help
in GIS and hydrologic model data acquisition. We thank Fran Rauschenberg
(Senior Environmental Employee) and Xiaobo Xue (ORISE) for technical
editing and review that improved the manuscript. We thank James Evans
(SRA International) for the agricultural RWH graphic in Table of
Contents Art. We also thank Mike Cudahy, National Association of Home
Builders, Beverly Sauer, Franklin Associates, and Jeff Church, Plastic
Pipe and Fittings Association, for plastic pipe inventory development.
This paper has been reviewed in accordance with Agency policy and
approved for publication. The constructive comments of three anonymous
reviewers improved the manuscript. The opinions expressed or statements
made herein are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily
reflect the views of the agencies mentioned above. Trade names or
Commercial products cited do not represent an endorsement or
recommendation for use.
NR 59
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Z9 10
U1 3
U2 45
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 7
BP 4069
EP 4077
DI 10.1021/es500189f
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AE2AQ
UT WOS:000333776100057
PM 24605844
ER
PT J
AU Mai, T
Hand, MM
Baldwin, SF
Wiser, RH
Brinkman, GL
Denholm, P
Arent, DJ
Porro, G
Sandor, D
Hostick, DJ
Milligan, M
DeMeo, EA
Bazilian, M
AF Mai, Trieu
Hand, M. Maureen
Baldwin, Samuel F.
Wiser, Ryan H.
Brinkman, Greg L.
Denholm, Paul
Arent, Doug J.
Porro, Gian
Sandor, Debra
Hostick, Donna J.
Milligan, Michael
DeMeo, Edgar A.
Bazilian, Morgan
TI Renewable Electricity Futures for the United States
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Energy storage; power generation dispatch; power generation economics;
power systems; power system planning; renewable energy; solar energy;
wind energy
AB This paper highlights the key results from the Renewable Electricity (RE) Futures Study. It is a detailed consideration of renewable electricity in the United States. The paper focuses on technical issues related to the operability of the U. S. electricity grid and provides initial answers to important questions about the integration of high penetrations of renewable electricity technologies from a national perspective. The results indicate that the future U. S. electricity system that is largely powered by renewable sources is possible and the further work is warranted to investigate this clean generation pathway. The central conclusion of the analysis is that renewable electricity generation from technologies that are commercially available today, in combination with a more flexible electric system, is more than adequate to supply 80% of the total U. S. electricity generation in 2050 while meeting electricity demand on an hourly basis in every region of the United States.
C1 [Mai, Trieu; Hand, M. Maureen; Brinkman, Greg L.; Denholm, Paul; Porro, Gian; Sandor, Debra; Milligan, Michael] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Baldwin, Samuel F.] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Wiser, Ryan H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Arent, Doug J.; Bazilian, Morgan] NREL, Joint Inst Strateg Energy Anal, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Hostick, Donna J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[DeMeo, Edgar A.] Renewable Energy Consulting Serv Inc, Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA.
RP Mai, T (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM trieu.mai@nrel.gov; maureen.hand@nrel.gov; sam.baldwin@ee.doe.gov;
rhwiser@lbl.gov; gregory.brinkman@nrel.gov; paul.denholm@nrel.gov;
doug.arent@jisea.org; gian.porro@nrel.gov; debra.sandor@nrel.gov;
donna.hostick@pnnl.gov; michael.milligan@nrel.gov; eademeo@comcast.net;
morgan.bazilian@jisea.org
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-09GO28308]; National Renewable Energy
Laboratory; U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC36-09GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Funding
was provided by the U.S. DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy. The opinions represented in this paper are the authors' own and
do not reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Energy or the U. S.
Government.
NR 28
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 28
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1949-3029
J9 IEEE T SUSTAIN ENERG
JI IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 2
BP 372
EP 378
DI 10.1109/TSTE.2013.2290472
PG 7
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering,
Electrical & Electronic
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AD5IZ
UT WOS:000333287200003
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, JH
Welch, G
Bishop, G
Huang, ZY
AF Zhang, Jinghe
Welch, Greg
Bishop, Gary
Huang, Zhenyu
TI A Two-Stage Kalman Filter Approach for Robust and Real-Time Power System
State Estimation
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Adaptive Kalman filter; bad data processing; phasor measurement units
(PMUs); power system dynamic state; robust state estimation
AB As electricity demand continues to grow and renewable energy increases its penetration in the power grid, real-time state estimation becomes essential for system monitoring and control. Recent development in phasor technology makes it possible with high-speed time-synchronized data provided by phasor measurement units (PMUs). In this paper, we present a two-stage Kalman filter approach to estimate the static state of voltage magnitudes and phase angles, as well as the dynamic state of generator rotor angles and speeds. Kalman filters achieve optimal performance only when the system noise characteristics have known statistical properties (zero-mean, Gaussian, and spectrally white). However, in practice, the process and measurement noise models are usually difficult to obtain. Thus, we have developed the adaptive Kalman filter with inflatable noise variances (AKF with InNoVa), an algorithm that can efficiently identify and reduce the impact of incorrect system modeling and/or erroneous measurements. In stage one, we estimate the static state from raw PMU measurements using the AKF with InNoVa; then in stage two, the estimated static state is fed into an extended Kalman filter to estimate the dynamic state. The simulations demonstrate its robustness to sudden changes of system dynamics and erroneous measurements.
C1 [Zhang, Jinghe; Bishop, Gary] Univ N Carolina, Dept Comp Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Welch, Greg] Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32826 USA.
[Welch, Greg] Univ Cent Florida, Comp Sci Div EECS, Orlando, FL 32826 USA.
[Huang, Zhenyu] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Zhang, JH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Comp Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM fjing2009@cs.unc.edu; welch@ucf.edu; gbg@cs.unc.edu;
zhenyu.huang@pnnl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0002271]; U.S. ONR Award
[N00014-12-1-0052]
FX This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) grant
DE-SC0002271 "Advanced Kalman Filter for Real-Time Responsiveness in
Complex Systems," and in part by U.S. ONR Award N00014-12-1-0052.
NR 12
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1949-3029
J9 IEEE T SUSTAIN ENERG
JI IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 2
BP 629
EP 636
DI 10.1109/TSTE.2013.2280246
PG 8
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering,
Electrical & Electronic
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AD5IZ
UT WOS:000333287200030
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, N
McKay-Bishop, KN
Spencer, RL
Farnsworth, PB
AF Taylor, Nicholas
McKay-Bishop, Kyli N.
Spencer, Ross L.
Farnsworth, Paul B.
TI A novel approach to understanding the effect of matrix composition on
analyte emission in an inductively coupled plasma
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOCAL THERMODYNAMIC-EQUILIBRIUM; ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION;
HOLLOW-CATHODE DISCHARGE; ARGON PLASMA; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONS; SAMPLING
INTERFACE; NUMBER DENSITIES; BARIUM IONS; SPECTROMETRY; SPECTROSCOPY
AB Pulsed laser radiation was directed at an inductively coupled plasma containing a high concentration of an alkaline earth matrix and a lower concentration of a test analyte. When the laser was tuned to an ionic resonance line of the matrix there was a universal transient enhancement of emission lines from the test analyte, irrespective of its identity. The effect was observed for Mg, Sr, Ba, Y, and Zn analytes in the presence of Mg, Sr, and Ca matrices. The enhancement is attributed to heating of the electrons in the plasma by superelastic collisions between electrons and excited matrix ions. By analogy to the laser-based experiments, a model is proposed for plasma-based matrix effects in the ICP, in which energy lost in the form of radiation from matrix ions cools the plasma, resulting in reduced emission from analyte species. The magnitudes of the radiative losses for 0.05 M Ca and Ba matrices were calculated to be 8.7 W cm(-3) and 8.3 W cm(-3), respectively. The model accounts for observed differences between group I and group II matrices.
C1 [Taylor, Nicholas] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[McKay-Bishop, Kyli N.] Neovest, Orem, UT 84097 USA.
[Spencer, Ross L.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Farnsworth, Paul B.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
RP Farnsworth, PB (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
EM paul_farnsworth@byu.edu
FU Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy
FX This research was fully supported by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences
and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of
Science, U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 32
TC 1
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U1 2
U2 12
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0267-9477
EI 1364-5544
J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM
JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 4
BP 644
EP 656
DI 10.1039/c3ja50352f
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA AE0MJ
UT WOS:000333660100006
ER
PT J
AU Farrow, CL
Shi, CY
Juhas, P
Peng, XG
Billinge, SJL
AF Farrow, Christopher L.
Shi, Chenyang
Juhas, Pavol
Peng, Xiaogang
Billinge, Simon J. L.
TI Robust structure and morphology parameters for CdS nanoparticles by
combining small-angle X-ray scattering and atomic pair distribution
function data in a complex modeling framework
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE; PROGRAM
AB In this work, the concept of complex modeling (CM) is tested by carrying out a co-refinement of the atomic pair distribution function and small-angle X-ray scattering data from CdS nanoparticles. It is shown that, compared with either single technique alone, the CM approach yields a more accurate and robust structural insight into the atomic structure and morphology of nanoparticles. This work opens the door for the application of CM to a wider class of nanomaterials and for the incorporation of additional experimental and theoretical techniques into these studies.
C1 [Farrow, Christopher L.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Shi, Chenyang; Juhas, Pavol; Billinge, Simon J. L.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Peng, Xiaogang; Billinge, Simon J. L.] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Chem, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
RP Billinge, SJL (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM sb2896@columbia.edu
RI shi, chenyang/A-9119-2014; peng, xiaogang/R-6184-2016;
OI peng, xiaogang/0000-0002-5606-8472; Juhas, Pavol/0000-0001-8751-4458
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-0520547]; Columbia-based
US-DOE-BES [DE-SC0001085]; US-DOE-BES [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; UUS-DOE-BES
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The SrFit framework was developed and the data were collected under the
National Science Foundation (NSF) funded DANSE project (DMR-0520547).
The samples were prepared at Zhejiang University funded by the
Columbia-based US-DOE-BES-funded Energy Frontier Research Center under
award No. DE-SC0001085. The data analysis was carried out and the
project finalized as part of the Complex Modeling LDRD project at
Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is funded by the US-DOE-BES under
contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Use of the National Synchrotron Light
Source at Brookhaven National Laboratory is also funded under contract
No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Use of the Advanced Photon Source is supported by
the UUS-DOE-BES under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 34
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 38
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
EI 1600-5767
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 47
BP 561
EP 565
DI 10.1107/S1600576713034055
PN 2
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA AE1UV
UT WOS:000333757100010
ER
PT J
AU Zeng, Z
Natesan, K
Cai, Z
Gosztola, D
Cook, R
Hiller, J
AF Zeng, Z.
Natesan, K.
Cai, Z.
Gosztola, D.
Cook, R.
Hiller, J.
TI Effect of Element Diffusion Through Metallic Networks During Oxidation
of Type 321 Stainless Steel
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE advanced characterization; corrosion testing; electron microscopy
ID FE-CR ALLOYS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION; INTERNAL OXIDATION;
WATER-VAPOR; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; EXTERNAL OXIDATION; SOLID IRON; SI
ALLOYS; OXYGEN; CHROMIUM
AB A detailed study was conducted on localized oxidation on Type 321 stainless steel (321ss) using synchrotron x-ray nanobeam analysis along with Raman microscopy. The results showed the presence of metallic nanonetworks in the oxide scales, which plays an important role in the continued oxidation of the alloy at 750 A degrees C. A mechanism is proposed to explain the rapid oxidation of 321ss in complex gaseous environments at elevated temperature. Neutral metal atoms could diffuse outward, and carbon atoms could diffuse inward through the metallic nanonetworks in oxide layers. Alternately, diffusion tunnels can dramatically affect the phase composition of the oxide scales. Since the diffusion rate of neutral metal and carbon atoms through the metallic nanonetworks can be much faster than the diffusion of cations through Cr2O3, the metallic nanonetwork provides a path through the protective Cr2O3 layer for the rapid outward diffusion of metallic chromium and iron atoms to the nonprotective spinel layer. This diffusion process affects the solid-state reaction near the alloy-oxide boundary, and a dense Cr2O3 protective layer does not form. The classic stable structure of the oxide scales, with a dense Cr2O3 layer at the bottom, is damaged by the rapid diffusion through the tunnel at the reaction front, resulting in locally accelerated oxidation. This process can subsequently lead to "breakaway" oxidation and catastrophic failure of the alloy.
C1 [Zeng, Z.; Natesan, K.; Cai, Z.; Gosztola, D.; Cook, R.; Hiller, J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Zeng, Z (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM zeng@anl.gov
RI Gosztola, David/D-9320-2011
OI Gosztola, David/0000-0003-2674-1379
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, Advanced Research
Materials Program; UChicago Argonne, LLC. [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The authors thank D. L. Rink for conducting the oxidation experiments,
and Jianguo Wen for consultation on EELS analysis of iron. This study is
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy,
Advanced Research Materials Program. The authors gratefully acknowledge
the use of these following U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
User Facilities: the Advanced Photon Source, the Center for Nanoscale
Materials; and the Electron Microscopy Center at Argonne National
Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory
operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 by UChicago Argonne, LLC.
NR 58
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1059-9495
EI 1544-1024
J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM
JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 4
BP 1247
EP 1262
DI 10.1007/s11665-014-0909-8
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA AD4ZA
UT WOS:000333259400015
ER
PT J
AU Sedlacek, O
Kucka, J
Svec, F
Hruby, M
AF Sedlacek, Ondrej
Kucka, Jan
Svec, Frantisek
Hruby, Martin
TI Silver-coated monolithic columns for separation in radiopharmaceutical
applications
SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Capture; Iodide; Iodine; Monoliths; Silver nanoparticles
ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; VANDEEMTER EQUATION; POLYMER; NANOPARTICLES;
RADIOIODINATION; PERFORMANCE; MOLECULES; SILICA; TERM
AB In this study, we demonstrate the preparation of a macroporous monolithic column containing anchored silver nanoparticles and its use for the elimination of excess radioiodine from the radiolabeled pharmaceutical. The poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) monolith was first functionalized with cystamine and the free thiol groups liberated by reaction with borohydride. In-house-prepared silver nanoparticles were then attached by interaction with the surface thiols. The deiodization process was demonstrated with the commonly used radiopharmaceutical m-iodobenzylguanidine labeled with radionuclide iodine-125.
C1 [Sedlacek, Ondrej; Kucka, Jan; Hruby, Martin] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Macromol Chem, Publ Res Inst, CZ-16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
[Sedlacek, Ondrej; Svec, Frantisek] EO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Hruby, M (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Macromol Chem, Publ Res Inst, Heyrovsky Sq 2, CZ-16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
EM mhruby@centrum.cz
RI Sedlacek, Ondrej/E-1345-2013; Kucka, Jan/G-7884-2014; Hruby,
Martin/H-6479-2014; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014
OI Sedlacek, Ondrej/0000-0001-5731-2687;
FU Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [GA202/09/2078]; Academy of Sciences
of the Czech Republic [M200501201]; Ministry of Industry and Trade of
the Czech Republic [MPO TIP FR-TI4/625]; Fulbright Commission; Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities
Division of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by grant #GA202/09/2078 of the Grant Agency of
the Czech Republic, grant #M200501201 of the Academy of Sciences of the
Czech Republic, grant #MPO TIP FR-TI4/625 of the Ministry of Industry
and Trade of the Czech Republic, as well as the travel grant provided by
the Fulbright Commission. Preparation of polymer-based monolithic
columns, their functionalization, and modification with silver
nanoparticle-spresented in this paper was performed at the Molecular
Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and supported by the
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User
Facilities Division of the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract no.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 43
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1615-9306
EI 1615-9314
J9 J SEP SCI
JI J. Sep. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 37
IS 7
BP 798
EP 802
DI 10.1002/jssc.201301325
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA AD8TN
UT WOS:000333538600008
PM 24478196
ER
PT J
AU Carrillo, B
Choi, JM
Bornholdt, ZA
Sankaran, B
Rice, AP
Prasad, BVV
AF Carrillo, Berenice
Choi, Jae-Mun
Bornholdt, Zachary A.
Sankaran, Banumathi
Rice, Andrew P.
Prasad, B. V. Venkataram
TI The Influenza A Virus Protein NS1 Displays Structural Polymorphism
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTIVIRAL CYTOKINE RESPONSES; PDZ-BINDING MOTIF; X-RAY-STRUCTURE;
EFFECTOR DOMAIN; INFECTED-CELLS; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN-1;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; RNA-BINDING; REPLICATION; GENE
AB NS1 of influenza A virus is a potent antagonist of host antiviral interferon responses. This multifunctional protein with two distinctive domains, an RNA-binding domain (RBD) and an effector domain (ED) separated by a linker region (LR), is implicated in replication, pathogenesis, and host range. Although the structures of individual domains of NS1 from different strains of influenza viruses have been reported, the only structure of full-length NS1 available to date is from an H5N1 strain (A/Vietnam/1203/2004). By carrying out crystallographic analyses of full-length H6N6-NS1 (A/blue-winged teal/MN/993/1980) and an LR deletion mutant, combined with mutational analysis, we show here that these full-length NS1 structures provide an exquisite structural sampling of various conformational states of NS1 that based on the orientation of the ED with respect to RBD can be summarized as "open," "semi-open," and "closed" conformations. Our studies show that preference for these states is clearly dictated by determinants such as linker length, residue composition at position 71, and a mechanical hinge, providing a structural basis for strain-dependent functional variations in NS1. Because of the flexibility inherent in the LR, any particular NS1 could sample the conformational space around these states to engage ED in different quaternary interactions so that it may participate in specific protein-protein or protein-RNA interactions to allow for the known multifunctionality of NS1. We propose that such conformational plasticity provides a mechanism for autoregulating NS1 functions, depending on its temporal distribution, posttranslational modifications, and nuclear or cellular localization, during the course of virus infection.
IMPORTANCE
NS1 of influenza A virus is a multifunctional protein associated with numerous strain-specific regulatory functions during viral infection, including conferring resistance to antiviral interferon induction, replication, pathogenesis, virulence, and host range. NS1 has two domains, an RNA-binding domain and an effector domain separated by a linker. To date, the only full-length NS1 structure available is that from an H5N1 strain (A/Vietnam/1203/2004). Here, we determined crystal structures of the wild type and a linker region mutant of the H6N6 NS1 (A/blue-winged teal/MN/993/1980), which together with the previously determined H5N1 NS1 structure show that NS1 exhibits significant strain-dependent structural polymorphism due to variations in linker length, residue composition at position 71, and a mechanical hinge. Such a structural polymorphism may be the basis for strain-specific functions associated with NS1.
C1 [Carrillo, Berenice; Rice, Andrew P.; Prasad, B. V. Venkataram] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Choi, Jae-Mun; Prasad, B. V. Venkataram] Baylor Coll Med, Verna & Marrs McLean Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
[Bornholdt, Zachary A.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Immunol & Microbial Sci, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Sankaran, Banumathi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley Ctr Struct Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Prasad, BVV (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA.
EM vprasad@bcm.edu
FU National Institutes of Health [R21 AI083396]; Robert Welch grant [Q1279]
FX This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grant R21
AI083396 (A.P.R.) and Robert Welch grant Q1279 (B.V.V.P.).
NR 51
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0022-538X
EI 1098-5514
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 88
IS 8
BP 4113
EP 4122
DI 10.1128/JVI.03692-13
PG 10
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA AE0SL
UT WOS:000333676400017
PM 24478439
ER
PT J
AU Hernandez-Vargas, EA
Wilk, E
Canini, L
Toapanta, FR
Binder, SC
Uvarovskii, A
Ross, TM
Guzman, CA
Perelson, AS
Meyer-Hermann, M
AF Hernandez-Vargas, Esteban A.
Wilk, Esther
Canini, Laetitia
Toapanta, Franklin R.
Binder, Sebastian C.
Uvarovskii, Alexey
Ross, Ted M.
Guzman, Carlos A.
Perelson, Alan S.
Meyer-Hermann, Michael
TI Effects of Aging on Influenza Virus Infection Dynamics
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ADAPTIVE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; A-VIRUS; AGED MICE; MODELS; IMMUNOSENESCENCE;
CELLS; KINETICS; HUMANS; LUNG; IDENTIFIABILITY
AB The consequences of influenza virus infection are generally more severe in individuals over 65 years of age (the elderly). Immunosenescence enhances the susceptibility to viral infections and renders vaccination less effective. Understanding age-related changes in the immune system is crucial in order to design prophylactic and immunomodulatory strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Here, we propose different mathematical models to provide a quantitative understanding of the immune strategies in the course of influenza virus infection using experimental data from young and aged mice. Simulation results suggested a central role of CD8(+) T cells for adequate viral clearance kinetics in young and aged mice. Adding the removal of infected cells by natural killer cells did not improve the model fit in either young or aged animals. We separately examined the infection-resistant state of cells promoted by the cytokines alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta), IFN-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). The combination of activated CD8(+) T cells with any of the cytokines provided the best fits in young and aged animals. During the first 3 days after infection, the basic reproductive number for aged mice was 1.5-fold lower than that for young mice (P<0.05).
IMPORTANCE
The fits of our models to the experimental data suggest that the increased levels of IFN-alpha/beta, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha (the "inflammaging" state) promote slower viral growth in aged mice, which consequently limits the stimulation of immune cells and contributes to the reported impaired responses in the elderly. A quantitative understanding of influenza virus pathogenesis and its shift in the elderly is the key contribution of this work.
C1 [Hernandez-Vargas, Esteban A.; Binder, Sebastian C.; Uvarovskii, Alexey; Meyer-Hermann, Michael] Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Dept Syst Immunol, Braunschweig, Germany.
[Hernandez-Vargas, Esteban A.; Binder, Sebastian C.; Uvarovskii, Alexey; Meyer-Hermann, Michael] Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Braunschweig Integrated Ctr Syst Biol, Braunschweig, Germany.
[Canini, Laetitia; Perelson, Alan S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Wilk, Esther] Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Dept Infect Genet, Braunschweig, Germany.
[Toapanta, Franklin R.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Ross, Ted M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Vaccine Res, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Guzman, Carlos A.] Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, Dept Vaccinol & Appl Microbiol, Braunschweig, Germany.
[Meyer-Hermann, Michael] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Biochem Biotechnol & Bioinformat, Braunschweig, Germany.
RP Perelson, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM asp@lanl.gov; mmh@theoretical-biology.de
OI Hernandez-Vargas, Esteban/0000-0002-3645-435X; Binder, Sebastian
C./0000-0003-1169-1786
FU BMBF-GerontoSys initiative (GerontoShield); portfolio HGF (metabolic
dysfunction); NIH [OD011095, HHSN272201000055C]; International Network
in Theoretical Immunology [PIRSESGA-2008-230665]
FX This work was supported by the BMBF-GerontoSys initiative
(GerontoShield), portfolio HGF (metabolic dysfunction), NIH grant
OD011095, and NIH contract HHSN272201000055C (to A. S. P.). This work
was performed in part while E. A. Hernandez-Vargas was a visitor at LANL
with support from the International Network in Theoretical Immunology
(PIRSESGA-2008-230665).
NR 62
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0022-538X
EI 1098-5514
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 88
IS 8
BP 4123
EP 4131
DI 10.1128/JVI.03644-13
PG 9
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA AE0SL
UT WOS:000333676400018
PM 24478442
ER
PT J
AU Surwade, SP
Chai, SH
Choi, JP
Wang, XQ
Lee, JS
Vlassiouk, IV
Mahurin, SM
Dai, S
AF Surwade, Sumedh P.
Chai, Song-Hai
Choi, Jai-Pil
Wang, Xiqing
Lee, Je Seung
Vlassiouk, Ivan V.
Mahurin, Shannon M.
Dai, Sheng
TI Electrochemical Control of Ion Transport through a Mesoporous Carbon
Membrane
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOFLUIDIC CHANNELS; FABRICATION; NANOTUBES; DNA; TRANSISTORS;
POLYMERS; DEVICES; DIODE
AB We report a carbon-based, three-dimensional nanofluidic transport membrane that enables gated, or on/off, control of the transport of organic molecular species and metal ions using an applied electrical potential. In the absence of an applied potential, both cationic and anionic molecules freely diffuse across the membrane via a concentration gradient. However, when an electrochemical potential is applied, the transport of ions through the membrane is inhibited.
C1 [Surwade, Sumedh P.; Chai, Song-Hai; Wang, Xiqing; Mahurin, Shannon M.; Dai, Sheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Choi, Jai-Pil] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Chem, Fresno, CA 93740 USA.
[Lee, Je Seung] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul, South Korea.
[Dai, Sheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Vlassiouk, Ivan V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Mahurin, SM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM mahurinsm@ornl.gov; dais@ornl.gov
RI Chai, Song-Hai/A-9299-2012; Wang, Xiqing/E-3062-2010; Vlassiouk,
Ivan/F-9587-2010; Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015
OI Chai, Song-Hai/0000-0002-4152-2513; Wang, Xiqing/0000-0002-1843-008X;
Vlassiouk, Ivan/0000-0002-5494-0386; Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge
National Laboratory
FX Research was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by
UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 55
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 12
BP 3606
EP 3611
DI 10.1021/la404669m
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA AE2AT
UT WOS:000333776400040
PM 24655006
ER
PT J
AU Hu, ZQ
Ma, BH
Liu, SS
Narayanan, M
Balachandran, U
AF Hu, Zhongqiang
Ma, Beihai
Liu, Shanshan
Narayanan, Manoj
Balachandran, Uthamalingam
TI Ceramic dielectric film capacitors fabricated on aluminum foils by
chemical solution deposition
SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Thin films; Sol-gel chemistry; Dielectric properties; Ferroelectricity;
Energy storage
ID TITANATE THIN-FILMS; METAL FOILS; ELECTRODES
AB Integration of oxides onto base metal substrates offers great advantages in cost and weight reduction, device miniaturization, and flexibility in packaging. In this work, we report the deposition of dielectric Pb0.92La0.08Zr0.52Ti0.48O3-delta (PLZT 8/52/48) films on aluminum foils by an in-air crystallization process. Film-on-foil structures with and without conductive oxide LaNiO3 (LNO) buffer layer between PLZT film and aluminum foil were tested. Utilization of LNO buffer layer dramatically improved the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the overlying PLZT compared with those for films deposited directly on aluminum. The improvements in electrical properties were attributed to the suppression of cubic non-ferroelectric layer at the metal/dielectric interface by LNO buffer layer. This work can be extended to the integration of other functional oxide materials with light, conductive, and inexpensive aluminum substrates for a broad range of applications. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hu, Zhongqiang; Ma, Beihai; Liu, Shanshan; Narayanan, Manoj; Balachandran, Uthamalingam] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Hu, ZQ (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM zqhu@anl.gov
RI Hu, Zhongqiang/I-2528-2012; Ma, Beihai/I-1674-2013
OI Hu, Zhongqiang/0000-0002-7534-0427; Ma, Beihai/0000-0003-3557-2773
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Vehicle
Technologies Program, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-5408
EI 1873-4227
J9 MATER RES BULL
JI Mater. Res. Bull.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 52
BP 189
EP 193
DI 10.1016/j.materresbull.2013.11.030
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA AE2FT
UT WOS:000333789400032
ER
PT J
AU Upadhyay, P
Reynolds, A
AF Upadhyay, Piyush
Reynolds, Anthony
TI Effect of Backing Plate Thermal Property on Friction Stir Welding of
25-mm-Thick AA6061
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Materials Design Process: Thermodynamics,
Kinetics and Microstructure Control (TKM)
CY JUN 03-04, 2013
CL Getafe, SPAIN
ID HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS;
MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; GENERATION; PARAMETERS; NUGGET; MODEL
AB By using backing plates made out of materials with widely varying thermal diffusivity this work seeks to elucidate the effects of the root side thermal boundary condition on weld process variables and resulting joint properties. Welds were made in 25.4-mm-thick AA6061 using ceramic, titanium, steel, and aluminum as backing plate (BP) material. Welds were also made using a "composite backing plate" consisting of longitudinal narrow strip of low diffusivity material at the center and two side plates of high diffusivity aluminum. Stir zone temperature during the welding was measured using two thermocouples spot welded at the core of the probe: one at the midplane height and another near the tip of the probe corresponding to the root of the weld. Steady state midplane probe temperatures for all the BPs used were found to be very similar. Near root peak temperature, however, varied significantly among weld made with different BPs all other things being equal. Whereas the near root and midplane temperature were the same in the case of ceramic backing plate, the root peak temperature was 318 K (45 A degrees C) less than the midplane temperature in the case of aluminum BP. The trends of nugget hardness and grain size in through thickness direction were in agreement with the measured probe temperatures. Hardness and tensile test results show that the use of composite BP results in stronger joint compared to monolithic steel BP.
C1 [Upadhyay, Piyush; Reynolds, Anthony] Univ S Carolina, Dept Mech Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Upadhyay, P (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM piyush.upadhyay@pnnl.gov
RI Reynolds, Anthony/F-2585-2010
FU Center for Friction Stir Processing, a National Science Foundation
I/UCRC [EEC-0437341]
FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Center for Friction
Stir Processing which is a National Science Foundation I/UCRC supported
by Grant No. EEC-0437341. The authors thank Dr. Wei Tang and Daniel
Wilhelm, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South
Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA for their help in preparing the weld joints.
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 45A
IS 4
BP 2091
EP 2100
DI 10.1007/s11661-013-2121-0
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA AD8OJ
UT WOS:000333525200046
ER
PT J
AU Carpenter, JS
McCabe, RJ
Zheng, SJ
Wynn, TA
Mara, NA
Beyerlein, IJ
AF Carpenter, John S.
McCabe, Rodney J.
Zheng, Shijian J.
Wynn, Thomas A.
Mara, Nathan A.
Beyerlein, Irene J.
TI Processing Parameter Influence on Texture and Microstructural Evolution
in Cu-Nb Multilayer Composites Fabricated via Accumulative Roll Bonding
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Workshop on Materials Design Process: Thermodynamics,
Kinetics and Microstructure Control (TKM)
CY JUN 03-04, 2013
CL Getafe, SPAIN
ID SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; ULTRA-HIGH STRENGTH; NANOLAYERED COMPOSITES;
BIMETAL INTERFACES; NANOLAMELLAR COMPOSITES; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION;
NANOCOMPOSITE WIRES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; THERMAL-STABILITY; CU/NB
MULTILAYERS
AB A combination of accumulative roll bonding and rolling is used to fabricate bulk sheets of multilayer Cu-Nb bimetallic composites. Alterations in the processing sequence are made in comparison with prior studies in order to expand the processing window available for bimetallic multilayer composites. Cu-Nb composites with layer thicknesses ranging from 45 mu m to 10 nm with accompanying total strains of 3.8 to 12.21 are characterized via neutron diffraction, electron back scatter diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. These characterization methods provide microstructural information such as layer morphology and grain morphology as well as orientation information such as texture and interface plane normal distribution. The evolution of these microstructural characteristics is collected as a function of increasing strain. These results can provide guidance, inputs, and validation for multiscale predictive models that are being developed on materials with interfacially-driven properties. Finally, synthesis pathways are presented that allow the fabrication of nanoscale multilayer composites with predominant interfacial structures. These fabricated materials are ideal for exploring the relative importance between inter-phase interfacial density and atomic interfacial structure in determining material properties. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2013
C1 [Carpenter, John S.; McCabe, Rodney J.; Wynn, Thomas A.; Mara, Nathan A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST Met Grp 6, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Zheng, Shijian J.; Mara, Nathan A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Beyerlein, Irene J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Carpenter, JS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, MST Met Grp 6, Los Alamos, NM USA.
EM carpenter@lanl.gov
RI zheng, shijian/F-2453-2012; Mara, Nathan/J-4509-2014; Beyerlein,
Irene/A-4676-2011;
OI McCabe, Rodney /0000-0002-6684-7410; Carpenter, John/0000-0001-8821-043X
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD)
Project [DR20110029]; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX This work is supported by the Los Alamos National Laboratory Directed
Research and Development (LDRD) Project DR20110029. Los Alamos National
Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE
Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. Neutron diffraction results were collected
on the high pressure preferred orientation (HIPPO) beam line at the Los
Alamos Neutron Science Center with the help of Dr. S.C. Vogel. Electron
microscopy was performed at the Los Alamos Electron Microscopy
Laboratory. The authors would also like to acknowledge discussions with
Dr. W.Z. Han.
NR 65
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 4
U2 52
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 45A
IS 4
BP 2192
EP 2208
DI 10.1007/s11661-013-2162-4
PG 17
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA AD8OJ
UT WOS:000333525200056
ER
PT J
AU Kooken, J
Fox, K
Fox, A
Wunschel, D
AF Kooken, Jennifer
Fox, Karen
Fox, Alvin
Wunschel, David
TI "Assessment of marker proteins identified in whole cell extracts for
bacterial speciation using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization
tandem mass spectrometry" (Reprinted from Molecular and Cellular Probes,
vol 28, pg 34-40, 2014)
SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES
LA English
DT Reprint
DE Staphylococcus; tandem mass spectrometry; bacterial identification;
protein markers
ID ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; RAPID IDENTIFICATION;
CLASSIFICATION; PROTEOMICS; SPECIMENS; SEQUENCE; PATTERNS; STRAINS
AB Staphylococcal strains (CoNS) were speciated in this study. Digests of proteins released from whole cells were converted to tryptic peptides for analysis. Liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI MS/MS, Orbitrap) was employed for peptide analysis. Data analysis was performed employing the open-source software XITandem which uses sequenced genomes to generate a virtual peptide database for comparison to experimental data. The search database was modified to include the genomes of the 11 Staphylococcus species most commonly isolated from man. The number of total peptides matching each protein along with the number of peptides specifically matching to the homologue (or homologues) for strains of the same species were assessed. Any peptides not matching to the species examined were considered conflict peptides. The proteins typically identified with the largest percentage of sequence coverage, number of matched peptides and number of peptides corresponding to only the correct species were elongation factor Tu (EF Tu) and enolase (Enol). Additional proteins with consistently observed peptides as well as peptides matching only homologues from the same species were citrate synthase (CS) and 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (1P5CD).
Protein markers, previously identified from gel Slices, (aconitate hydratase and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase) were found to provide low confidence scores when employing whole cell digests. The methodological approach described here provides a simple yet elegant way of identification of staphylococci. However, perhaps more importantly the technology should be applicable universally for identification of any bacterial species. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kooken, Jennifer; Fox, Karen; Fox, Alvin] Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Wunschel, David] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP Wunschel, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999 MS P7-50, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM DavidWunschel@Frontier.com
OI Kooken, Jennifer/0000-0002-3547-8632
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R25GM076277]
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 11
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0890-8508
J9 MOL CELL PROBE
JI Mol. Cell. Probes
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 2-3
BP 58
EP 64
DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2014.01.005
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Cell Biology
GA AD6OV
UT WOS:000333381600002
PM 24486519
ER
PT J
AU Wunschel, D
Engelmann, H
Victry, K
Clowers, B
Sorensen, C
Valentine, N
Mahoney, C
Wietsma, T
Wahl, K
AF Wunschel, David
Engelmann, Heather
Victry, Kristin
Clowers, Brian
Sorensen, Christina
Valentine, Nancy
Mahoney, Christine
Wietsma, Thomas
Wahl, Karen
TI Protein markers for identification of Yersinia pestis and their
variation related to culture
SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES
LA English
DT Article
DE Yersinia pestis; Culture environment; Protein expression; HPLC; Tandem
mass spectrometry
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTRA; PASTEURELLA-PESTIS; IRON; PROTEOMICS; STRAINS;
REGIONS
AB The detection of high consequence pathogens, such as Yersinia pestis, is well established in biodefense laboratories for bioterror situations. Laboratory protocols are well established using specified culture media and a growth temperature of 37 C for expression of specific antigens. Direct detection of Y. pestis protein markers, without prior culture, depends on their expression. Unfortunately protein expression can be impacted by the culture medium which cannot be predicted ahead of time. Furthermore, higher biomass yields are obtained at the optimal growth temperature (i.e. 28 degrees C-30 degrees C) and therefore are more likely to be used for bulk production. Analysis of Y. pestis grown on several types of media at 30 C showed that several protein markers were found to be differentially detected in different media. Analysis of the identified proteins against a comprehensive database provided an additional level of organism identification. Peptides corresponding to variable regions of some proteins could separate large groups of strains and aid in organism identification. This work illustrates the need to understand variability of protein expression for detection targets. The potential for relating expression changes of known proteins to specific media factors, even in nutrient rich and chemically complex culture medium, may provide the opportunity to draw forensic information from protein profiles. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wunschel, David; Engelmann, Heather; Victry, Kristin; Clowers, Brian; Sorensen, Christina; Valentine, Nancy; Mahoney, Christine; Wietsma, Thomas; Wahl, Karen] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wunschel, D (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM David.Wunschel@pnnl.gov
FU Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate
[HSHQPM-10-X-00077/4]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC06-76RLO]
FX Funding for this work was provided in part through contract
HSHQPM-10-X-00077/4 to Pacific Northwest National Laboratory by the
Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate.
Battelle Memorial Institute operates Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory for the U.S. DOE under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO.
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 11
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0890-8508
J9 MOL CELL PROBE
JI Mol. Cell. Probes
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 2-3
BP 65
EP 72
DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2013.12.001
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Cell Biology
GA AD6OV
UT WOS:000333381600003
PM 24333237
ER
PT J
AU Kooken, J
Fox, K
Fox, A
Altomare, D
Creek, K
Wunschel, D
Pajares-Merino, S
Martinez-Ballesteros, I
Garaizar, J
Oyarzabal, O
Samadpour, M
AF Kooken, Jennifer
Fox, Karen
Fox, Alvin
Altomare, Diego
Creek, Kim
Wunschel, David
Pajares-Merino, Sara
Martinez-Ballesteros, Ilargi
Garaizar, Javier
Oyarzabal, Omar
Samadpour, Mansour
TI Identification of staphylococcal species based on variations in protein
sequences (mass spectrometry) and DNA sequence (sodA microarray)
(Reprinted from Molecular and Cellular Probes, vol 28, pg 41-50, 2014)
SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PROBES
LA English
DT Reprint
DE Mass spectrometry; Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry;
Peptide sequence; Soda microarray
ID COAGULASE-NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; REAL-TIME
PCR; HUMAN CLINICAL SPECIMENS; HUMAN SKIN; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; LEVEL
IDENTIFICATION; VITEK-2 SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; SUBSP-NOV
AB This report is among the first using sequence variation in newly discovered protein markers for staphylococcal (or indeed any other bacterial) speciation. Variation, at the DNA sequence level, in the sodA gene (commonly used for staphylococcal speciation) provided excellent correlation. Relatedness among strains was also assessed using protein profiling using microcapillary electrophoresis and pulsed field electrophoresis. A total of 64 strains were analyzed including reference strains representing the 11 staphylococcal species most commonly isolated from man (Staphylococcus aureus and 10 coagulase negative species [CONS]). Matrix assisted time of flight ionization/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC ESI MS/MS) were used for peptide analysis of proteins isolated from gel bands. Comparison of experimental spectra of unknowns versus spectra of peptides derived from reference strains allowed bacterial identification after MALDI TOF MS analysis. After LC-MS/MS analysis of gel bands bacterial speciation was performed by comparing experimental spectra versus virtual spectra using the software XITandem. Finally LC-MS/MS was performed on whole proteomes and data analysis also employing XItandem. Aconitate hydratase and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase served as marker proteins on focused analysis after gel separation. Alternatively on full proteomics analysis elongation factor Tu generally provided the highest confidence in staphylococcal speciation. (c) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kooken, Jennifer; Fox, Karen; Fox, Alvin] Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Altomare, Diego; Creek, Kim] Univ S Carolina, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharmaceut & Biomed Sci, Columbia, SC 29209 USA.
[Wunschel, David] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Pajares-Merino, Sara; Martinez-Ballesteros, Ilargi; Garaizar, Javier] Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Fac Pharm, Dept Immunol Microbiol & Parasitol, Vitoria 01006, Spain.
[Oyarzabal, Omar; Samadpour, Mansour] Inst Environm Hlth Inc, Poultry Div, Lake Forest Pk, WA 98155 USA.
RP Fox, A (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM alvin.fox@uscmed.sc.edu
OI GARAIZAR CANDINA, JAVIER/0000-0002-3093-7078
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R25GM076277]
NR 53
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 15
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0890-8508
J9 MOL CELL PROBE
JI Mol. Cell. Probes
PD APR-JUN
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 2-3
BP 73
EP 82
DI 10.1016/j.mcp.2014.01.003
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Cell Biology
GA AD6OV
UT WOS:000333381600004
PM 24486297
ER
PT J
AU Peris, D
Sylvester, K
Libkind, D
Goncalves, P
Sampaio, JP
Alexander, WG
Hittinger, CT
AF Peris, David
Sylvester, Kayla
Libkind, Diego
Goncalves, Paula
Sampaio, Jose Paulo
Alexander, William G.
Hittinger, Chris Todd
TI Population structure and reticulate evolution of Saccharomyces eubayanus
and its lager-brewing hybrids
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE admixture; phylogeography; Saccharomyces pastorianus; lager beer;
Saccharomyces eubayanus; hybridization
ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; DNA POLYMORPHISM;
NATURAL HYBRIDS; GENOME SEQUENCE; YEAST STRAINS; GENE-TRANSFER;
CEREVISIAE; KUDRIAVZEVII; WINE
AB Reticulate evolution can be a major driver of diversification into new niches, especially in disturbed habitats and at the edges of ranges. Industrial fermentation strains of yeast provide a window into these processes, but progress has been hampered by a limited understanding of the natural diversity and distribution of Saccharomyces species and populations. For example, lager beer is brewed with Saccharomyces pastorianus, an alloploid hybrid of S.cerevisiae and S.eubayanus, a species only recently discovered in Patagonia, Argentina. Here, we report that genetically diverse strains of S.eubayanus are readily isolated from Patagonia, demonstrating that the species is well established there. Analyses of multilocus sequence data strongly suggest that there are two diverse and highly differentiated Patagonian populations. The low nucleotide diversity found in the S.eubayanus moiety of hybrid European brewing strains suggests that their alleles were drawn from a small subpopulation that is closely related to one of the Patagonian populations. For the first time, we also report the rare isolation of S.eubayanus outside Patagonia, in Wisconsin, USA. In contrast to the clear population differentiation in Patagonia, the North American strains represent a recent and possibly transient admixture of the two Patagonian populations. These complex and varied reticulation events are not adequately captured by conventional phylogenetic methods and required analyses of Bayesian concordance factors and phylogenetic networks to accurately summarize and interpret. These findings show how genetically diverse eukaryotic microbes can produce rare but economically important hybrids with low genetic diversity when they migrate from their natural ecological context.
C1 [Peris, David; Sylvester, Kayla; Alexander, William G.; Hittinger, Chris Todd] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Genome Ctr Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr,Lab Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Libkind, Diego] INIBIOMA CONICET UNComahue, Inst Invest Biodiversidad & Medioambiente, Lab Microbiol Aplicada & Biotecnol, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
[Goncalves, Paula; Sampaio, Jose Paulo] Univ Nova Lisboa, Dept Ciencias Vida, Ctr Recursos Microbiol, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, P-2829516 Caparica, Portugal.
RP Hittinger, CT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Energy Inst, Genome Ctr Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr,Lab Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM cthittinger@wisc.edu
RI Goncalves, Paula/B-4016-2010; Sampaio, Jose Paulo/C-5532-2011;
OI Goncalves, Paula/0000-0003-2103-1060; Sampaio, Jose/0000-0001-8145-5274;
Peris, David/0000-0001-9912-8802
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-1253634]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy
Research Center (DOE Office of Science) [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494]; ANPCyT
(Argentina) [PICT 1814]; FCT (Portugal) [PTDC/AGR-ALI/118590/2010,
PTDC/BIA-EVF/118618/2010]; UNComahue (Argentina) [B171]
FX We thank David A. Baum and Bret A. Payseur for critical comments on the
manuscript; Amanda B. Hulfachor for artwork; and the administration of
the Patagonian National Parks for sampling permits. Funding statement
for D.P., K.S., W.G.A. and C.T.H.: This material is based upon work
supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DEB-1253634
and funded in part by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE
Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494). D.L.: ANPCyT PICT 1814 and
UNComahue B171 projects (Argentina). J.P.S. and P.G.: Grants
PTDC/AGR-ALI/118590/2010 and PTDC/BIA-EVF/118618/2010 FCT (Portugal).
NR 100
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 4
U2 46
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
EI 1365-294X
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 8
BP 2031
EP 2045
DI 10.1111/mec.12702
PG 15
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA AE3DW
UT WOS:000333858200012
PM 24612382
ER
PT J
AU Pham, CTN
Thomas, DG
Beiser, J
Mitchell, LM
Huang, JL
Senpan, A
Hu, G
Gordon, M
Baker, NA
Pan, D
Lanza, GM
Hourcade, DE
AF Pham, Christine T. N.
Thomas, Dennis G.
Beiser, Julia
Mitchell, Lynne M.
Huang, Jennifer L.
Senpan, Angana
Hu, Grace
Gordon, Mae
Baker, Nathan A.
Pan, Dipanjan
Lanza, Gregory M.
Hourcade, Dennis E.
TI Application of a hemolysis assay for analysis of complement activation
by perfluorocarbon nanoparticles
SO NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Complement; Nanomedicine; Hemolysis Assay; Perfluorocarbon;
Nanoparticles; Mouse Model
ID ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY TURNOVER; CONTRAST AGENT; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS;
PRODUCTS; PROTEIN; TUMOR; SERUM; MODEL
AB Nanoparticles offer new options for medical diagnosis and therapeutics with their capacity to specifically target cells and tissues with imaging agents and/or drug payloads. The unique physical aspects of nanoparticles present new challenges for this promising technology. Studies indicate that nanoparticles often elicit moderate to severe complement activation. Using human in vitro assays that corroborated the mouse in vivo results we previously presented mechanistic studies that define the pathway and key components involved in modulating complement interactions with several gadolinium-functionalized perfluorocarbon nanoparticles (PFOB). Here we employ a modified in vitro hemolysis-based assay developed in conjunction with the mouse in vivo model to broaden our analysis to include PFOBs of varying size, charge and surface chemistry and examine the variations in nanoparticle-mediated complement activity between individuals. This approach may provide the tools for an in-depth structure-activity relationship study that will guide the eventual development of biocompatible nanoparticles.
From the Clinical Editor: Unique physical aspects of nanoparticles may lead to moderate to severe complement activation in vivo, which represents a challenge to clinical applicability. In order to guide the eventual development of biocompatible nanoparticles, this team of authors report a modified in vitro hemolysis-based assay developed in conjunction with their previously presented mouse model to enable indepth structure-activity relationship studies. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pham, Christine T. N.; Mitchell, Lynne M.; Huang, Jennifer L.; Hourcade, Dennis E.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
[Thomas, Dennis G.; Baker, Nathan A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Dept Knowledge Discovery & Informat, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Beiser, Julia; Hu, Grace; Gordon, Mae] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Div Biostat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
[Senpan, Angana; Pan, Dipanjan; Lanza, Gregory M.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
[Pan, Dipanjan] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Champaign, IL USA.
RP Hourcade, DE (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
EM dhourcad@dom.wustl.edu
RI Baker, Nathan/A-8605-2010
OI Baker, Nathan/0000-0002-5892-6506
FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [U01NS073457]; Food and Drug
Administration (FDA); NIH; Department of Defense (DOD) [R01AI051436,
HL112518, HL113392, CA100623, CA154737, AR056468, CA136398]; Washington
University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences from the
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the NIH
[UL1 TR000448]; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at
Washington University from a Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc.; NIH
[P30 EY 02687]
FX The project described was supported primarily by grant number
U01NS073457 from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and The Food
and Drug Administration (FDA). Additional grant support from the NIH and
Department of Defense (DOD) included: R01AI051436, HL112518, HL113392,
CA100623, CA154737, AR056468, CA136398, Washington University Institute
of Clinical and Translational Sciences grant UL1 TR000448 from the
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the NIH,
and the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at Washington
University from a Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc. Unrestricted
grant, and the NIH Vision Core Grant P30 EY 02687. The content is solely
the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the
official views of the NIH, DOD or the FDA. C.T.N.P., D. G. T., J.B., L.
M. M., J.L.H., A. S., G. H., M. G., N.A.B, and D. E. H. have no
commercial interests related to this work. G. M. L. is a co-inventor on
a patent licensed by Washington University of St. Louis to Ocean
NanoTech (ONT), Inc AR. He has co-invented patented technology licensed
by Kereos, Inc from Barnes-Jewish Hospital/Washington University Medical
School. He is the co-founder of Kereos, Inc, a nonexecutive CSO, has
equity worth less than $5000.00, and receives small royalty payments
indirectly through the BJH-Kereos agreement. D. P. is a co-inventor on a
patent licensed by Washington University of St. Louis to Ocean NanoTech
(ONT), Inc AR. He serves no role, has no equity position, and receives
no royalties from ONT.
NR 34
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1549-9634
EI 1549-9642
J9 NANOMED-NANOTECHNOL
JI Nanomed.-Nanotechnol. Biol. Med.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 3
BP 651
EP 660
DI 10.1016/j.nano.2013.10.012
PG 10
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA AE2OH
UT WOS:000333812100017
PM 24211337
ER
PT J
AU Park, JK
Goldston, RJ
Crocker, NA
Fredrickson, ED
Bell, MG
Maingi, R
Tritz, K
Jaworski, MA
Kubota, S
Kelly, F
Gerhardt, SP
Kaye, SM
Menard, JE
Ono, M
AF Park, J-K
Goldston, R. J.
Crocker, N. A.
Fredrickson, E. D.
Bell, M. G.
Maingi, R.
Tritz, K.
Jaworski, M. A.
Kubota, S.
Kelly, F.
Gerhardt, S. P.
Kaye, S. M.
Menard, J. E.
Ono, M.
TI Observation of EHO in NSTX and theoretical study of its active control
using HHFW antenna
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE tokamak; ELM; EHO; HHFW; 3D field
ID DIII-D; PHYSICS; PLASMAS; REGIME
AB Two important topics for tokamak edge-localized modes (ELM) control, based on non-axisymmetric (3D) magnetic perturbations, are studied in NSTX and combined envisioning ELM control in the future NSTX-U operation: experimental observations of the edge harmonic oscillation (EHO) in NSTX (with lower frequency than EHOs in DIII-D and elsewhere), and theoretical study of its external drive using the high-harmonic fast wave (HHFW) antenna as a 3D field coil. EHOs were observed particularly clearly in NSTX ELM-free operation with very low n core modes. A number of diagnostics have confirmed n = 4-6 edge-localized and coherent oscillations in the 2-8 kHz frequency range. These oscillations seem to have a favoured operational window in rotational shear, similar to EHOs in DIII-D quiescent H modes. However, in NSTX, they are not observed to provide significant particle or impurity transport, possibly due to their weak amplitudes, of a fewmmdisplacements, as measured by reflectometry. The external drive of these modes has been proposed in NSTX, by utilizing audio-frequency currents in the HHFW antenna straps. Analysis shows that the HHFW straps can be optimized to maximize n = 4-6 while minimizing n = 1-3. Also, ideal perturbed equilibrium code calculations show that the optimized configuration with only 1 kAt current can produce comparable or larger displacements than the observed internal modes. Thus it may be possible to use externally driven EHOs to relax the edge pressure gradient and control ELMs in NSTX-U and future devices. Fine and external control over the edge pressure gradient would be a very valuable tool for tokamak control.
C1 [Park, J-K; Goldston, R. J.; Fredrickson, E. D.; Bell, M. G.; Jaworski, M. A.; Kelly, F.; Gerhardt, S. P.; Kaye, S. M.; Menard, J. E.; Ono, M.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Crocker, N. A.; Kubota, S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Plasma & Fus Res, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Maingi, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Tritz, K.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA.
RP Park, JK (reprint author), Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, POB 451, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
EM jpark@pppl.gov
OI Menard, Jonathan/0000-0003-1292-3286
FU DOE [DE-AC02-09CH11466]
FX This work was supported by DOE Contract No DE-AC02-09CH11466.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 4
AR 043013
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/4/043013
PG 6
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AE0OX
UT WOS:000333666700017
ER
PT J
AU Strauss, H
Sugiyama, L
Paccagnella, R
Breslau, J
Jardin, S
AF Strauss, H.
Sugiyama, L.
Paccagnella, R.
Breslau, J.
Jardin, S.
TI Tokamak toroidal rotation caused by AVDEs and ELMs
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE tokamak rotation disruption; AVDE; ELM
ID MHD STABILITY; DISRUPTIONS; SIMULATION
AB Toroidal rotation can be produced by disruptions, as observed in several experiments. There is a concern that rotating asymmetric forces during an ITER disruption might resonate with the blanket and other structures surrounding the plasma. Here it is shown, both computationally using the M3D code, and analytically, that toroidal rotation is produced by magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. In particular, rotation is produced during an asymmetric vertical displacement event (AVDE) disruption. Toroidal and poloidal rotation are also produced during edge localized modes (ELMs), and may be consistent with a scaling law found for intrinsic toroidal rotation in H-mode tokamaks.
C1 [Strauss, H.] HRS Fus, W Orange, NJ 07052 USA.
[Sugiyama, L.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Paccagnella, R.] CNR, Consorzio RFX, Padua, Italy.
[Paccagnella, R.] CNR, Ist Gas Ionizzati, Padua, Italy.
[Breslau, J.; Jardin, S.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08570 USA.
RP Strauss, H (reprint author), HRS Fus, W Orange, NJ 07052 USA.
EM hank@hrsfusion.com
FU USDOE; [F4E]
FX This work was supported by USDOE and F4E.
NR 22
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 4
AR 043017
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/4/043017
PG 7
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AE0OX
UT WOS:000333666700021
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZH
Xu, XQ
Xia, TY
Rognlien, TD
AF Wang, Z. H.
Xu, X. Q.
Xia, T. Y.
Rognlien, T. D.
TI 2D simulations of transport dynamics during tokamak fuelling by
supersonic molecular beam injection
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE plasma fueling; SMBI simulation; neutrals transport; penetration depth
ID HIGH-FIELD SIDE; PLASMA; PENETRATION; MODES
AB Time-dependent transport of both plasma and neutrals is simulated during supersonic molecular beam injection (SMBI) yielding the evolution of edge plasma and neutral profiles. The SMBI model is included as a module, called trans-neut, within the original BOUT++ boundary plasma turbulence code. Results of calculations are reported for the realistic divertor geometry of the HL-2A tokamak. The model can also be used to study the effect of gas puffing. A seven-field fluid model couples plasma density, heat, and momentum transport equations together with neutral density and momentum transport equations for both molecules and atoms. Collisional interactions between molecules, atoms, and plasma include dissociation, ionization, recombination and charge-exchange effects. Sheath boundary conditions and particle recycling are applied at both the wall and the divertor plates. A localized boundary condition of constant molecular flux (product of density times speed) is applied at the outermost flux surface to model the SMBI. Steady state profiles with and without particle recycling are achieved before SMBI. During SMBI, the simulation shows that neutrals can penetrate several centimetres inside the last closed (magnetic) flux surface (LCFS). Along the SMBI path, plasma density increases while plasma temperature decreases. The molecule penetration depth depends on both the SMBI flux and the initial plasma density and temperature along its path. As the local plasma density increases substantially, molecule and atom penetration depths decrease due to their higher dissociation and ionization rates if the electron temperature does not drop too low. Dynamic poloidal spreading of the enhanced plasma density region is observed due to rapid ion flow along the magnetic field (parallel) driven by a parallel pressure asymmetry during SMBI. Profile relaxation in the radial and poloidal directions is simulated after SMBI termination, showing that the plasma returns to pre-SMBI conditions on a time scale of 60 ms.
C1 [Wang, Z. H.; Xia, T. Y.] Southwestern Inst Phys, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Z. H.; Xu, X. Q.; Rognlien, T. D.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Xia, T. Y.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, ZH (reprint author), Southwestern Inst Phys, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China.
EM zhwang@swip.ac.cn
FU US- China international collaboration project; NSFC [11205053,
11261140326, 11205051]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore
National Security; LLC; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[AC5207NA27344]; China National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science
Program [2013GB111000, 2013GB107002]; Chinese National Fusion Project
[2013GB107000]; [LLNL-JRNL-644017]
FX The authors wish to thank B. D. Dudson and M. V. Umansky for their
contributions to BOUT++ framework and for X. R. Duan, A. K. Wang and Y.
Liu for their support for US- China international collaboration project.
Z.H. Wang also thanks P.W. Xi, B.Gui, I. Joseph, L.H. Yao, P. H.
Diamond, W.W. Xiao, S.S. Kim, T. Rhee, J.Loizu, A. Dimits, W. Deng, J.Q.
Xu, C. H. Ma for their fruitful physical discussions. This work was
supported by NSFC, Grant Nos 11205053 and 11261140326, and the US
Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC,
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC5207NA27344.
Z.H. Wang was also supported by China National Magnetic Confinement
Fusion Science Program, Grant 2013GB111000, 2013GB107002, Chinese
National Fusion Project for ITER Grant No 2013GB107000, and NSFC, Grant
No 11205051. The LLNL IM release number of this manuscript is
LLNL-JRNL-644017.
NR 36
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 28
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 4
AR 043019
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/54/4/043019
PG 16
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AE0OX
UT WOS:000333666700023
ER
PT J
AU Kharzeev, DE
Levin, EM
Tuchin, K
AF Kharzeev, D. E.
Levin, E. M.
Tuchin, K.
TI Nuclear modification of the J/psi transverse momentum distributions in
high energy pA and AA collisions
SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A
LA English
DT Article
DE J/psi; Gluon saturation; Color glass condensate; Heavy ion collisions
ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; COLOR GLASS CONDENSATE; HIGH-DENSITY QCD; BFKL
POMERON; HADRON-PRODUCTION; SATURATION; SUPPRESSION; DEPENDENCE;
EVOLUTION; RAPIDITY
AB We evaluate the transverse momentum spectrum of J/psi (up to semi-hard momenta) in pA and AA collisions taking into account only the initial state effects, but resumming them to all orders in alpha(2)(s)A(1/3). In our previous papers we noticed that cold nuclear matter effects alone could not explain the experimental data on rapidity and centrality dependencies of the J/psi yield in AA collisions indicating the existence of an additional suppression mechanism. Our present calculations indicate that the discrepancy persists and even increases at semi-hard transverse momenta, implying a significant final state effect on J/psi production in this kinematical domain. The QCD dipole model we employ is only marginally applicable for J/psi production at mid-rapidity at RHIC energies but its use is justified in the forward rapidity region. At LHC energies we can quantitatively evaluate the magnitude of cold nuclear matter effects in the entire kinematical region of interest. We present our calculations of J/psi transverse momentum spectra in pA and AA collisions at LHC and RHIC energies. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kharzeev, D. E.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Kharzeev, D. E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Levin, E. M.] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, HEP Dept, Sch Phys, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Levin, E. M.] Univ Tecn Federico Santa Maria, Dept Fis, Valparaiso, Chile.
[Levin, E. M.] Ctr Cient Tecnol Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile.
[Tuchin, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Tuchin, K (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-FG-88ER41723,
DE-FG02-87ER40371]; Fondecyt (Chile) [1100648]
FX The work of D.K. was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contracts No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 and DE-FG-88ER41723. K.T. was
supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant No.
DE-FG02-87ER40371. This research of E.L. was supported in part by the
Fondecyt (Chile) grant 1100648.
NR 43
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9474
EI 1873-1554
J9 NUCL PHYS A
JI Nucl. Phys. A
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 924
BP 47
EP 64
DI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.01.006
PG 18
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA AE2HQ
UT WOS:000333794300003
ER
PT J
AU Furrer, A
Podlesnyak, A
Kramer, KW
Embs, JP
Pomjakushin, V
Strassle, T
AF Furrer, A.
Podlesnyak, A.
Kraemer, K. W.
Embs, J. P.
Pomjakushin, V.
Straessle, Th
TI Propagation of defects in doped magnetic materials of different
dimensionality
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID EXCITATIONS; SYSTEM; KMNF3
AB Defects intentionally introduced into magnetic materials often have a profound effect on the physical properties. Specifically tailored neutron spectroscopic experiments can provide detailed information on both the local exchange interactions and the local distances between themagnetic atoms around the defects. This is demonstrated for manganese dimer excitations observed for the magnetically diluted three- and two-dimensional compounds KMnx Zn1-x F-3 andK(2)Mn(x) Zn1-x F-4, respectively. The resulting local exchange interactions deviate up to 10% from the average, and the local Mn-Mn distances are found to vary stepwise with increasing internal pressure due to the Mn/Zn substitution. Our analysis qualitatively supports the theoretically predicted decay of atomic displacements according to 1/r2, 1/r, and constant (for three-, two-, and one-dimensional compounds, respectively) where r denotes the distance of the displaced atoms from the defect.
C1 [Furrer, A.; Embs, J. P.; Pomjakushin, V.; Straessle, Th] Paul Scherrer Inst, Neutron Scattering Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Podlesnyak, A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kraemer, K. W.] Univ Bern, Dept Chem & Biochem, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
RP Furrer, A (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, Neutron Scattering Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
EM albert.furrer@psi.ch
RI Pomjakushin, Vladimir/J-6259-2014; Instrument, CNCS/B-4599-2012; Kramer,
Karl/J-5021-2013; Podlesnyak, Andrey/A-5593-2013
OI Pomjakushin, Vladimir/0000-0003-2180-8730; Kramer,
Karl/0000-0001-5524-7703; Podlesnyak, Andrey/0000-0001-9366-6319
FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US
Department of Energy
FX The assistance of D. Biner (University of Bern) in the synthesis of the
samples is gratefully acknowledged. Part of this work was performed at
the Swiss Spallation Neutron Source (SINQ), Paul Scherrer Institut
(PSI), Villigen, Switzerland. Research at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source was supported by the Scientific
User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department
of Energy.
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 89
IS 14
AR 144402
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.144402
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AE0OE
UT WOS:000333664800003
ER
PT J
AU Jarlborg, T
Barbiellini, B
Lane, C
Wang, YJ
Markiewicz, RS
Liu, Z
Hussain, Z
Bansil, A
AF Jarlborg, T.
Barbiellini, B.
Lane, C.
Wang, Yung Jui
Markiewicz, R. S.
Liu, Zhi
Hussain, Zahid
Bansil, A.
TI Electronic structure and excitations in oxygen deficient CeO2-delta from
DFT calculations
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; OXIDE ELECTROCHEMICAL-CELLS; T-MATRIX
APPROXIMATIONS; X-RAY PHOTOEMISSION; MUFFIN-TIN ALLOYS; 1ST PRINCIPLES;
FUEL-CELL; CHEMICAL EXPANSION; CERIA SURFACES; DOPED CEO2
AB The electronic structures of supercells of CeO2-delta have been calculated within the density functional theory (DFT). The equilibrium properties such as lattice constants, bulk moduli, and magnetic moments are well reproduced by the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Electronic excitations are simulated by robust total-energy calculations for constrained states with atomic core holes or valence holes. Pristine ceria CeO2 is found to be a nonmagnetic insulator with magnetism setting in as soon as oxygens are removed from the structure. In the ground state of defective ceria, the Ce-f majority band resides near the Fermi level but appears at about 2 eV below the Fermi level in photoemission spectroscopy experiments due to final-state effects. We also tested our computationalmethod by calculating threshold energies in Ce-M-5 andO-K x-ray absorption spectroscopy and comparing theoretical predictions with the corresponding measurements. Our result that f electrons reside near the Fermi level in the ground state of oxygen-deficient ceria is crucial for understanding the catalytic properties of CeO2 and related materials.
C1 [Jarlborg, T.] Univ Geneva, DPMC, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
[Barbiellini, B.; Lane, C.; Wang, Yung Jui; Markiewicz, R. S.; Bansil, A.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Wang, Yung Jui; Liu, Zhi; Hussain, Zahid] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Jarlborg, T (reprint author), Univ Geneva, DPMC, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
RI Liu, Zhi/B-3642-2009; Barbiellini, Bernardo/K-3619-2015
OI Liu, Zhi/0000-0002-8973-6561; Barbiellini, Bernardo/0000-0002-3309-1362
FU US Department of Energy (USDOE) [DE-FG02-07ER46352]; Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the USDOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We acknowledge useful discussions with Dario Marrocchelli. The work at
Northeastern University is supported by the US Department of Energy
(USDOE) Contract No. DE-FG02-07ER46352. The Advanced Light Source is
supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, of the USDOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We
benefited from computer time from Northeastern University's Advanced
Scientific Computation Center (ASCC) and USDOEs NERSC supercomputing
center.
NR 89
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 8
U2 54
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 89
IS 16
AR 165101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.89.165101
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AE0OI
UT WOS:000333665200001
ER
PT J
AU Wright, JC
Bader, A
Berry, LA
Bonoli, PT
Harvey, RW
Jaeger, EF
Lee, JP
Schmidt, A
D'Azevedo, E
Faust, I
Phillips, CK
Valeo, E
AF Wright, J. C.
Bader, A.
Berry, L. A.
Bonoli, P. T.
Harvey, R. W.
Jaeger, E. F.
Lee, J-P
Schmidt, A.
D'Azevedo, E.
Faust, I.
Phillips, C. K.
Valeo, E.
TI Time dependent evolution of RF-generated non-thermal particle
distributions in fusion plasmas
SO PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE RF; lower hybrid; ICRF; Fokker-Planck; simulation
ID FULL-WAVE SIMULATIONS; LOWER-HYBRID WAVES; EXTRAPOLATION METHODS;
TOROIDAL PLASMA; DIFFUSION; EQUATIONS
AB We describe fully self-consistent time-dependent simulations of radio frequency (RF) generated ion distributions in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies and RF-generated electron distributions in the lower hybrid range of frequencies using combined Fokker-Planck and full wave electromagnetic field solvers. In each regime, the non-thermal particle distributions have been used in synthetic diagnostic codes to compare with diagnostic measurements from experiment, thus providing validation of the simulation capability. The computational intensive simulations require multiple full wave code runs that iterate with a Fokker-Planck code. We will discuss advanced algorithms that have been implemented to accelerate both the massively parallel full wave simulations as well as the iteration with the distribution code. A vector extrapolation method (Sidi A 2008 Comput. Math. Appl. 56) that permits Jacobian-free acceleration of the traditional fixed point iteration technique is used to reduce the number of iterations needed between the distribution and wave codes to converge to self-consistency. The computational burden of the parallel full wave codes has been reduced by using a more efficient two level parallel decomposition that improves the strong scaling of the codes and reduces the communication overhead.
C1 [Wright, J. C.; Bader, A.; Bonoli, P. T.; Lee, J-P; Schmidt, A.; Faust, I.] MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Berry, L. A.; D'Azevedo, E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Harvey, R. W.] CompX, Del Mar, CA 92014 USA.
[Jaeger, E. F.] XCEL Engn, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Phillips, C. K.; Valeo, E.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Schmidt, A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Wright, JC (reprint author), MIT, Plasma Sci & Fus Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM jcwright@mit.edu
FU USDOE [DE-FC02-01ER54648]
FX Funding for this research was provided in part under USDOE Contract No
DE-FC02-01ER54648.
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0741-3335
EI 1361-6587
J9 PLASMA PHYS CONTR F
JI Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 56
IS 4
DI 10.1088/0741-3335/56/4/045007
PG 9
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA AE0UP
UT WOS:000333682000007
ER
PT J
AU Howe, AC
Jansson, JK
Malfatti, SA
Tringe, SG
Tiedje, JM
Brown, CT
AF Howe, Adina Chuang
Jansson, Janet K.
Malfatti, Stephanie A.
Tringe, Susannah G.
Tiedje, James M.
Brown, C. Titus
TI Tackling soil diversity with the assembly of large, complex metagenomes
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID DE-BRUIJN GRAPHS; GENOMES; REVEALS
AB The large volumes of sequencing data required to sample deeply the microbial communities of complex environments pose new challenges to sequence analysis. De novo metagenomic assembly effectively reduces the total amount of data to be analyzed but requires substantial computational resources. We combine two preassembly filtering approaches-digital normalization and partitioning-to generate previously intractable large metagenome assemblies. Using a human-gut mock communitydataset, we demonstrate that these methods result in assemblies nearly identical to assemblies from unprocessed data. We then assemble two large soil metagenomes totaling 398 billion bp (equivalent to 88,000 Escherichia coli genomes) from matched Iowa corn and native prairie soils. The resulting assembled contigs could be used to identify molecular interactions and reaction networks of known metabolic pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Orthology database. Nonetheless, more than 60% of predicted proteins in assemblies could not be annotated against known databases. Many of these unknown proteins were abundant in both corn and prairie soils, highlighting the benefits of assembly for the discovery and characterization of novelty in soil biodiversity. Moreover, 80% of the sequencing data could not be assembled because of low coverage, suggesting that considerably more sequencing data are needed to characterize the functional content of soil.
C1 [Howe, Adina Chuang; Tiedje, James M.; Brown, C. Titus] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Brown, C. Titus] Michigan State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Howe, Adina Chuang; Tiedje, James M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Jansson, Janet K.; Malfatti, Stephanie A.; Tringe, Susannah G.] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA.
[Jansson, Janet K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Howe, AC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM howead@msu.edu; tiedjej@msu.edu
OI Tringe, Susannah/0000-0001-6479-8427; Brown, C.
Titus/0000-0001-6001-2677
FU US Department of Agriculture [2010-65205-20361]; National Science
Foundation [IOS-0923812]; National Science Foundation Postdoctoral
Fellowship Award [0905961]; Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
(Department of Energy) [BER DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Office of Science of the
US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Institute of Food
and Agriculture
FX We thank Krystle Chavarria and Regina Lamendella for help in extracting
DNA from Great Prairie soil samples; Fan Yang for helpful comments on
this paper; Eddy Rubin and Tijana Glavina del Rio at the Department of
Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI); and John Johnson and Eric
McDonald at the Michigan State University High Performance Computing
Center. This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research
Initiative Competitive Grant 2010-65205-20361 from the US Department of
Agriculture and by National Institute of Food and Agriculture and
National Science Foundation Grant IOS-0923812 (both to C.T.B.). A.C.H.
was supported by National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship
Award 0905961 and the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (Department
of Energy BER DE-FC02-07ER64494). The work conducted by the DOE JGI is
supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under
Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 21
TC 77
Z9 77
U1 5
U2 100
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 13
BP 4904
EP 4909
DI 10.1073/pnas.1402564111
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AD9IX
UT WOS:000333579700056
PM 24632729
ER
PT J
AU Lin, SH
Milosevic, MV
Covaci, L
Janko, B
Peeters, FM
AF Lin, Shi-Hsin
Milosevic, M. V.
Covaci, L.
Janko, B.
Peeters, F. M.
TI Quantum rotor in nanostructured superconductors
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID II SUPERCONDUCTOR; VORTEX LINE; SUPERFLUIDITY; SPLINES; PHYSICS
AB Despite its apparent simplicity, the idealized model of a particle constrained to move on a circle has intriguing dynamic properties and immediate experimental relevance. While a rotor is rather easy to set up classically, the quantum regime is harder to realize and investigate. Here we demonstrate that the quantum dynamics of quasiparticles in certain classes of nanostructured superconductors can be mapped onto a quantum rotor. Furthermore, we provide a straightforward experimental procedure to convert this nanoscale superconducting rotor into a regular or inverted quantum pendulum with tunable gravitational field, inertia, and drive. We detail how these novel states can be detected via scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The proposed experiments will provide insights into quantum dynamics and quantum chaos.
C1 [Lin, Shi-Hsin; Janko, B.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Lin, Shi-Hsin; Milosevic, M. V.; Covaci, L.; Peeters, F. M.] Univ Antwerp, Dept Fys, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
[Janko, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Janko, B (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM bjanko@nd.edu
RI Milosevic, Milorad/H-9393-2012; Covaci, Lucian/B-6493-2009; CMT,
UAntwerpen Group/A-5523-2016
OI Covaci, Lucian/0000-0001-9755-7443;
FU Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vl); U. S. Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [W-31-109-Eng-38]; US
National Science Foundation via NSF-NIRT [ECS-0609249]
FX The work was supported by the Flemish Science Foundation (FWO-Vl), the
U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under contract W-31-109-Eng-38, and the US National Science
Foundation via NSF-NIRT ECS-0609249.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 12
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 4
AR 4542
DI 10.1038/srep04542
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AD8ZX
UT WOS:000333555300007
PM 24686241
ER
PT J
AU Yang, Y
Sun, CJ
Ren, Y
Hao, SJ
Jiang, DQ
AF Yang, Ying
Sun, Chengjun
Ren, Yang
Hao, Shijie
Jiang, Daqiang
TI New route toward building active ruthenium nanoparticles on ordered
mesoporous carbons with extremely high stability
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; PT-RU NANOPARTICLES; GAMMA-VALEROLACTONE;
LEVULINIC ACID; CATALYTIC CONVERSION; HYDROGENATION; OXIDATION;
CELLULOSE; OXOVANADIUM(IV); HYDROGENOLYSIS
AB Creating highly active and stable metal catalysts is a persistent goal in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. However, a real catalyst can rarely achieve both of these qualities simultaneously due to limitations in the design of the active site and support. One method to circumvent this problem is to fabricate firmly attached metal species onto the voids of a mesoporous support formed simultaneously. In this study, we developed a new type of ruthenium catalyst that was firmly confined by ordered mesoporous carbons through the fabrication of a cubic Ia3d chitosan-ruthenium-silica mesophase before pyrolysis and silica removal. This facile method generates fine ruthenium nanoparticles (ca. 1.7 nm) that are homogeneously dispersed on a mesoporous carbonaceous framework. This ruthenium catalyst can be recycled 22 times without any loss of reactivity, showing the highest stability of any metal catalysts; this catalyst displays a high activity (23.3 mol(LA)h(-1)g(metal)(-1)) during the catalytic hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) when the metal loading is 6.1 wt%. Even at an ultralow loading (0.3 wt%), this catalyst still outperforms the most active known Ru/C catalyst. This work reveals new possibilities for designing and fabricating highly stable and active metal catalysts by creating metal sites and mesoporous supports simultaneously.
C1 [Yang, Ying; Hao, Shijie; Jiang, Daqiang] China Univ Petr, State Key Lab Heavy Oil Proc, Beijing 102249, Peoples R China.
[Sun, Chengjun; Ren, Yang] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Yang, Y (reprint author), China Univ Petr, State Key Lab Heavy Oil Proc, Beijing 102249, Peoples R China.
EM catalyticscience@163.com
RI Jiang, Daqiang /G-5511-2014
FU NSERC; U. S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [21303229]; Science Foundation of China University
of Petroleum, Beijing [2462013YJRC018, 2462013YJRC005]
FX PNC/XSD facilities at the Advanced Photon Source, and research at these
facilities, are supported by the US Department of Energy - Basic Energy
Sciences, a Major Resources Support grant from NSERC, the University of
Washington, the Canadian Light Source and the Advanced Photon Source.
Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility
operated for the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by
Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U. S. DOE under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Financial supports for this research
work from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21303229),
and Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum, Beijing
(2462013YJRC018 and 2462013YJRC005) are also acknowledged.
NR 34
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 7
U2 84
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 4
AR 4540
DI 10.1038/srep04540
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AD8ZX
UT WOS:000333555300005
PM 24687047
ER
PT J
AU Hoffmann, S
Lee, ES
Clavero, C
AF Hoffmann, Sabine
Lee, Eleanor S.
Clavero, Cesar
TI Examination of the technical potential of near-infrared switching
thermochromic windows for commercial building applications
SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermochromic; Windows; Solar control; Day lighting; Building energy
efficiency
ID THIN-FILMS; VO2; TEMPERATURE
AB Current thermochromic windows modulate solar transmission primarily within the visible range, resulting in reduced space-conditioning energy use but also reduced daylight, thereby increasing lighting energy use compared to conventional static, near-infrared selective, low-emittance windows. To better understand the energy savings potential of improved thermochromic devices, a hypothetical near-infrared switching thermochromic glazing was defined based on guidelines provided by the material science community. EnergyPlus simulations were conducted on a prototypical large office building and a detailed analysis was performed showing the progression from switching characteristics to net window heat flow and perimeter zone loads and then to perimeter zone heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) and lighting energy use for a mixed hot/cold climate and a hot, humid climate in the US. When a relatively high daylight transmission is maintained when switched (Tsol=0.10-0.50 and Tvis=0.30-0.60) and if coupled with a low-e inboard glazing layer (e=0.04), the hypothetical thermochromic window with a low critical switching temperature range (14-20 degrees C) achieved reductions in total site annual energy use of 14.0-21.1 kW h/m(2)-floor-yr or 12-14%(1) for moderate- to large-area windows (WWR >= 0.30) in Chicago and 9.8-18.6 kW h/m(2)-floor-yr or 10-17%(2) for WWR >= 0.45 in Houston compared to an unshaded spectrally-selective, low-e window (window E1) in south-, east-, and west-facing perimeter zones. If this hypothetical thermochromic window can be offered at costs that are competitive to conventional low-e windows and meet esthetic requirements defined by the building industry and end users, then the technology is likely to be a viable energy-efficiency option for internal load dominated commercial buildings. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hoffmann, Sabine; Lee, Eleanor S.; Clavero, Cesar] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Bldg Technol & Urban Syst Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lee, ES (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Bldg Technol & Urban Syst Dept, Mailstop 90-3111,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM eslee@lbl.gov
RI Clavero, Cesar/C-4391-2008
OI Clavero, Cesar/0000-0001-6665-3141
FU Office of Building Technology, State and Community Programs, Office of
Building Research and Standards of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; California Energy Commission
FX This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technology, State and Community
Programs, Office of Building Research and Standards of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and by the
California Energy Commission through its Public Interest Energy Research
(PIER) Program on behalf of the citizens of California.
NR 28
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 57
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0248
EI 1879-3398
J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C
JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 123
BP 65
EP 80
DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2013.12.017
PG 16
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AD8BM
UT WOS:000333491500009
ER
PT J
AU Carter, NJ
Yang, WC
Miskin, CK
Hages, CJ
Stach, EA
Agrawal, R
AF Carter, Nathaniel J.
Yang, Wei-Chang
Miskin, Caleb K.
Hages, Charles J.
Stach, Eric A.
Agrawal, Rakesh
TI Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) solar cells from inks of heterogeneous Cu-Zn-Sn-S
nanocrystals
SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE CZTSSe; Earth-abundant; Selenization; Solar cells; Solution processing
ID CU2ZNSNS4 NANOCRYSTALS; FABRICATION
AB The solution-based synthesis of quaternary Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystals and further processing into a homogeneous photovoltaic absorber film prove challenging due to the stability of binary and ternary chalcogenide compounds comprised of Cu, Zn, and Sn cations. In this contribution, CZTS nanocrystals are synthesized according to a previously reported synthesis recipe yielding devices with reported efficiencies as high as 7.2%. The particles are separated by size into two populations exhibiting size-correlated composition variations. This observation highlights the challenges in synthesizing quaternary CL IS nanoparticles with interparticle composition uniformity. Films of particles from each population are sintered in a selenium atmosphere and found to exhibit a notable degree of phase segregation in the final film, while a mixture of particles from both populations converts into a relatively homogeneous film upon selenization. Devices fabricated from the two particle populations separately as well as the mixture of particles exhibit varying degrees of performance, with the mixed particle cells achieving total area efficiencies as high as 7.9%. A modified synthesis recipe producing CZTS particles with narrower composition variations is shown to produce devices with improved efficiencies up to 8.4%. Preliminary conclusions regarding the effect of nanocrystal heterogeneity on film sintering and device performance are presented. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Carter, Nathaniel J.; Miskin, Caleb K.; Hages, Charles J.; Agrawal, Rakesh] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Yang, Wei-Chang] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Stach, Eric A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Agrawal, R (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, 480 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM carter50@purdue.edu; yang215@purdue.edu; cmiskin@purdue.edu;
chages@purdue.edu; estach@bnl.gov; agrawalr@purdue.edu
RI Stach, Eric/D-8545-2011; Hages, Charles/J-6074-2015
OI Stach, Eric/0000-0002-3366-2153; Hages, Charles/0000-0003-4054-1218
FU NSF Solar Economy IGERT [DGE-0903670]; DOE [DE-EE0005328, DE-EE0003179];
NSF [DGE-0833366]; U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Brian Graeser and Kevin Brew for
their assistance and expertise in preparing the Mo-coated soda lime
glass as well as Erik Sheets for capturing the SEM images in Fig. 4.
Funding for this work was provided by the NSF Solar Economy IGERT (award
#DGE-0903670) and DOE Sun Shot award #DE-EE0005328 as well as DOE award
#DE-EE0003179 to establish the Purdue Solar Energy Utilization
Laboratory (PSEUL), where the presented Raman analysis and device
performance characterization were performed. CKM acknowledges support
from NSF Grant no. DGE-0833366. EAS acknowledges support to the Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory by the U.S.
DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Contract no. DE-AC02-98CH10886).
NR 25
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 4
U2 93
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0248
EI 1879-3398
J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C
JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 123
BP 189
EP 196
DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2014.01.016
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AD8BM
UT WOS:000333491500025
ER
PT J
AU Harnish, RA
Sharma, R
McMichael, GA
Langshaw, RB
Pearsons, TN
AF Harnish, Ryan A.
Sharma, Rishi
McMichael, Geoffrey A.
Langshaw, Russell B.
Pearsons, Todd N.
TI Effect of hydroelectric dam operations on the freshwater productivity of
a Columbia River fall Chinook salmon population
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SMALLMOUTH BASS; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SPAWNING
HABITAT; DEWATERED REDDS; SURVIVAL RATES; RAINBOW-TROUT; FLOW; STREAM;
MODEL
AB Altering the timing and magnitude of discharge fluctuations can minimize the adverse effects of operating hydroelectric dams on the productivity of downstream salmon populations. Hydroelectric operations at Priest Rapids Dam during the mid-1970s resulted in dewatering of fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) redds, causing mortality of intragravel life stages. Since then, a series of operational constraints have been implemented at Priest Rapids Dam to reduce the effects of discharge fluctuations on the population of fall Chinook salmon that spawns and rears downstream from the dam. Initial protections that focused on preventing redd dewatering were subsequently increased to include postemergence life stages. We used stock-recruit analyses to identify changes to the population's freshwater productivity that occurred over a 30-year period and coincided with changes to dam operations. We observed a 217% increase in productivity that corresponded with constraints enacted to prevent redd dewatering and an additional 130% increase that coincided with enactment of constraints to limit stranding and entrapment of juveniles. The information gained from this study may be used to guide efforts elsewhere to mitigate the effects of hydroelectric dam operations on downstream fish populations.
C1 [Harnish, Ryan A.; McMichael, Geoffrey A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Sharma, Rishi] Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
[Langshaw, Russell B.; Pearsons, Todd N.] Publ Util Dist 2 Grant Cty, Ephrata, WA 98823 USA.
RP Harnish, RA (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K6-85, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Ryan.Harnish@pnnl.gov
NR 64
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 9
U2 53
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 4
BP 602
EP 615
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0276
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AD7AD
UT WOS:000333412000011
ER
PT J
AU Ding, SY
Zhao, S
Zeng, YN
AF Ding, Shi-You
Zhao, Shuai
Zeng, Yining
TI Size, shape, and arrangement of native cellulose fibrils in maize cell
walls
SO CELLULOSE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cellulose elementary fibril (CEF); Macrofibril; Microfibril; Plant cell
wall; Atomic Force Microscopy
ID NEUTRON FIBER DIFFRACTION; HYDROGEN-BONDING SYSTEM; SYNCHROTRON X-RAY;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; VISUALIZATION; MICROFIBRILS; SYNTHASE;
ULTRASTRUCTURE; BIOSYNTHESIS; MICROTUBULES
AB Higher plant cell walls are the major source of the cellulose used in a variety of industries. Cellulose in plant forms nanoscale fibrils that are embedded in non-cellulosic matrix polymers in the cell walls. The morphological features of plant cellulose fibrils such as the size, shape, and arrangement, are still poorly understood due to its inhomogeneous nature and the limited resolution of the characterization techniques used. Here, we sketch out a proposed model of plant cellulose fibril and its arrangement that is based primarily on review of direct visualizations of different types of cell walls in maize using atomic force microscopy at sub-nanometer scale, and is also inspired by recent advances in understanding of cellulose biosynthesis and biodegradation. We propose that the principal unit of plant cellulose fibril is a 36-chain cellulose elementary fibril (CEF), which is hexagonally shaped and 3.2 x 5.3 nm in cross-section. Macrofibrils are ribbon-like bundles containing variable numbers of CEFs associated through their hydrophilic faces. As the cell expands and/or elongates, large macrofibril may split to become smaller bundles or individual CEFs, which are simultaneously coated with hemicelluloses to form microfibrils of variable sizes during biosynthesis. The microfibrils that contain one CEF are arranged nearly parallel, and the hydrophobic faces of the CEF are perpendicular to the cell wall surface. Structural disordering of the CEF may occur during plant development while cells expand, elongate, dehydrate, and die, as well as during the processing to prepare cellulose materials.
C1 [Ding, Shi-You; Zhao, Shuai; Zeng, Yining] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Ding, SY (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM shi.you.ding@nrel.gov
FU BioEnergy Science Center, a DOE Bioenergy Research Center; Genomic
Science Program [ER65258]; Office of Biological and Environmental
Research in the DOE Office of Science
FX We acknowledge research support from the BioEnergy Science Center, a DOE
Bioenergy Research Center, and the Genomic Science Program (ER65258),
both supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in
the DOE Office of Science.
NR 25
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 5
U2 50
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0969-0239
EI 1572-882X
J9 CELLULOSE
JI Cellulose
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
SI SI
BP 863
EP 871
DI 10.1007/s10570-013-0147-5
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer
Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA AD4IW
UT WOS:000333213800002
ER
PT J
AU Pingali, SV
O'Neill, HM
Nishiyama, Y
He, LL
Melnichenko, YB
Urban, V
Petridis, L
Davison, B
Langan, P
AF Pingali, Sai Venkatesh
O'Neill, Hugh M.
Nishiyama, Yoshiharu
He, Lilin
Melnichenko, Yuri B.
Urban, Volker
Petridis, Loukas
Davison, Brian
Langan, Paul
TI Morphological changes in the cellulose and lignin components of biomass
occur at different stages during steam pretreatment
SO CELLULOSE
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutron scattering; Steam pretreatment; Cellulose; Lignin; Biomass;
Biofuels
ID IONIC LIQUID
AB Morphological changes to the different components of lignocellulosic biomass were observed as they occurred during steam pretreatment by placing a pressure reaction cell in a neutron beam and collecting time-resolved neutron scattering data. Changes to cellulose morphology occurred mainly in the heating phase, whereas changes in lignin morphology occurred mainly in the holding and cooling phases. During the heating stage, water is irreversibly expelled from cellulose microfibrils as the elementary fibrils coalesce. During the holding phase lignin aggregates begin to appear and they increase in size most noticeably during the cooling phase. This experiment demonstrates the unique information that in situ small angle neutron scattering studies of pretreatment can provide. This approach could be useful in optimizing the heating, holding and cooling stages of pretreatments to allow the exact size and nature of lignin aggregates to be controlled in order to enhance enzyme accessibility to cellulose and therefore the efficiency of biomass conversion.
C1 [Pingali, Sai Venkatesh; O'Neill, Hugh M.; He, Lilin; Melnichenko, Yuri B.; Urban, Volker; Langan, Paul] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Pingali, Sai Venkatesh; O'Neill, Hugh M.; Urban, Volker; Langan, Paul] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Struct Mol Biol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Nishiyama, Yoshiharu] Ctr Rech Macromol Vegetales CERMAV CNRS, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France.
[Petridis, Loukas; Davison, Brian] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Pingali, SV (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM pingalis@ornl.gov
RI Nishiyama, Yoshiharu/A-3492-2012; Davison, Brian/D-7617-2013; Langan,
Paul/N-5237-2015; Urban, Volker/N-5361-2015; Petridis,
Loukas/B-3457-2009;
OI O'Neill, Hugh/0000-0003-2966-5527; Nishiyama,
Yoshiharu/0000-0003-4069-2307; Davison, Brian/0000-0002-7408-3609;
Langan, Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122; Urban, Volker/0000-0002-7962-3408;
Petridis, Loukas/0000-0001-8569-060X; Pingali, Sai
Venkatesh/0000-0001-7961-4176; He, Lilin/0000-0002-9560-8101
FU Genomic Science Program, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, U.S. Department of Energy [FWP ERKP752]; Office of Biological
and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy
FX This research is funded by the Genomic Science Program, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under
FWP ERKP752. The Center for Structural Molecular Biology (CSMB) and the
Bio-SANS beam line is supported by the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, using facilities supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC under contract No.
DE-AC05-00OR22725. This Research on Bio-SANS and GP-SANS at Oak Ridge
National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor was sponsored by the
Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US
Department of Energy.
NR 8
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 5
U2 58
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0969-0239
EI 1572-882X
J9 CELLULOSE
JI Cellulose
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
SI SI
BP 873
EP 878
DI 10.1007/s10570-013-0162-6
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer
Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA AD4IW
UT WOS:000333213800003
ER
PT J
AU He, JH
Pingali, SV
Chundawat, SPS
Pack, A
Jones, AD
Langan, P
Davison, BH
Urban, V
Evans, B
O'Neill, H
AF He, Junhong
Pingali, Sai Venkatesh
Chundawat, Shishir P. S.
Pack, Angela
Jones, A. Daniel
Langan, Paul
Davison, Brian H.
Urban, Volker
Evans, Barbara
O'Neill, Hugh
TI Controlled incorporation of deuterium into bacterial cellulose
SO CELLULOSE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cellulose; Deuteration; Labeling; Small-angle neutron scattering; Mass
spectrometry
ID ACETOBACTER-XYLINUM; MICROBIAL CELLULOSE; HYDROGEN-BONDS; BIOSYNTHESIS;
GLUCOSE; STRAINS; GENES; MEDIA; SANS; NMR
AB Isotopic enrichment has been widely used for investigating the structural and dynamic properties of biomacromolecules to provide information that cannot be carried out with molecules composed of natural abundance isotopes. A media formulation for controlled incorporation of deuterium in bacterial cellulose synthesized by Gluconacetobacter xylinus subsp. sucrofermentans is reported. The purified cellulose was characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectrophotometry and mass spectrometry which revealed that the level of deuterium incorporation in the perdeuterated cellulose was greater than 90 %. Small-angle neutron scattering analysis demonstrated that the overall structure of the cellulose was unaffected by the substitution of deuterium for hydrogen. In addition, by varying the amount of D-glycerol in the media it was possible to vary the scattering length density of the deuterated cellulose. A large disk model was used to fit the curves of bacterial cellulose grown using 0 and 100 % D-Glycerol yielding a lower bound to the disk radii, R (min) = 1,132 +/- A 6 and 1,154 +/- A 3 a"<< and disk thickness, T = 128 +/- A 1 and 83 +/- A 1 a"<< for the protiated and deuterated forms of the bacterial cellulose, respectively. This agrees well with the scanning electron microscopy analysis which revealed stacked sheets in the cellulose pellicles. Controlled incorporation of deuterium into cellulose will enable new types of experiments using techniques such as neutron scattering to reveal information about the structure and dynamics of cellulose and its interactions with proteins and other (bio) polymers.
C1 [He, Junhong; Pingali, Sai Venkatesh; Langan, Paul; Urban, Volker; O'Neill, Hugh] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Chundawat, Shishir P. S.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Pack, Angela; Evans, Barbara] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Jones, A. Daniel] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Jones, A. Daniel] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Davison, Brian H.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP O'Neill, H (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM oneillhm@ornl.gov
RI Davison, Brian/D-7617-2013; Langan, Paul/N-5237-2015; Urban,
Volker/N-5361-2015;
OI Davison, Brian/0000-0002-7408-3609; Langan, Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122;
Urban, Volker/0000-0002-7962-3408; Pingali, Sai
Venkatesh/0000-0001-7961-4176; Jones, A. Daniel/0000-0002-7408-6690;
O'Neill, Hugh/0000-0003-2966-5527; Chundawat,
Shishir/0000-0003-3677-6735
FU Genomic Science Program, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, U.S. Department of Energy [FWP ERKP752]; Office of Biological
and Environmental Research U.S. Department of Energy [ERKP291];
Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; DOE Great
Lakes Bioenergy Research Center [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Michigan
AgBioResearch
FX This research is funded by the Genomic Science Program, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under
FWP ERKP752. The Center for Structural Molecular Biology (Project
ERKP291) and the Bio-SANS beam line is supported by the Office of
Biological and Environmental Research U.S. Department of Energy.
Research at the Spallation Neutron Source and High Flux Isotope Reactor
at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) are supported by the Scientific
User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE). ORNL is managed by UT Battelle, LLC, for the
U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. SPSC acknowledges support
from the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DE-FC02-07ER64494)
and Prof. Bruce Dale from Michigan State University. We appreciate
support from the Michigan State University Mass Spectrometry and
Metabolomics Core for LC-MS method development and execution. ADJ
acknowledges support from Michigan AgBioResearch.
NR 41
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 43
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0969-0239
EI 1572-882X
J9 CELLULOSE
JI Cellulose
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
SI SI
BP 927
EP 936
DI 10.1007/s10570-013-0067-4
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer
Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA AD4IW
UT WOS:000333213800008
ER
PT J
AU Lian, P
Guo, HB
Smith, JC
Wei, DQ
Guo, H
AF Lian, Peng
Guo, Hao-Bo
Smith, Jeremy C.
Wei, Dong-Qing
Guo, Hong
TI Catalytic mechanism and origin of high activity of cellulase TmCel12A at
high temperature: a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical study
SO CELLULOSE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cellulase; Catalytic mechanism; Quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical
(QM/MM); Molecular dynamics (MD)
ID SERINE-CARBOXYL PEPTIDASE; VITRO DNA RECOMBINATION; SCC-DFTB;
THERMOTOGA-MARITIMA; QM/MM SIMULATIONS; TIGHT-BINDING;
CLOSTRIDIUM-CELLULOVORANS; THERMOSTABLE ENZYMES; TETRAHEDRAL ADDUCT;
TRANSITION-STATE
AB Understanding the factors that determine the catalytic efficiency of cellulases is of considerable importance in cellulosic ethanol production, especially at high temperature. The cellulase 12A from the hyperthermophile Thermotoga maritima (TmCel12A) is a possible candidate for accelerating the rate of hydrolysis via temperature elevation up to as high as 95 A degrees C. However, the details of the catalytic mechanism and origin of the activity of TmCel12A at high temperature have not been well studied. Here, the enzyme-catalyzed reaction is explored using free energy simulations (potential of mean force) with umbrella sampling and quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (SCC-DFTB/MM) potential at both relatively low (37 A degrees C) and high (85 A degrees C) temperatures. The free energy barriers for glycosylation and deglycosylation are calculated to be 22.5 +/- A 0.4 and 24.5 +/- A 0.7 kcal center dot A mol(-1) at 85 A degrees C, respectively. The barrier for deglycosylation is found to decrease with increasing temperature or as a result of the Y61 -> G mutation, consistent with experimental observations. The transition state for glycosylation and deglycosylation obtained from the simulations is in an oxocarbonium state with the -1 glucose ring having an E-3 envelop (or H-4(3) half-chair) conformation. A unique characteristic of the TmCel12A structure seems to be the existence of a stable moiety that may play a role in "holding" cellulose at the binding site with the correct orientation for the reaction even at 85 A degrees C. This stable moiety (comprising hydrogen-bonded E116, E134, E227 and an active-site water molecule) may be one of the important factors for the relatively high activity of TmCel12A at high temperature.
C1 [Lian, Peng; Wei, Dong-Qing] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Coll Life Sci & Biotechnol, State Key Lab Microbial Metab, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
[Guo, Hao-Bo; Smith, Jeremy C.; Guo, Hong] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem & Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Guo, Hao-Bo; Smith, Jeremy C.; Guo, Hong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Ctr Mol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Wei, DQ (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Coll Life Sci & Biotechnol, State Key Lab Microbial Metab, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
EM dqwei@sjtu.edu.cn; hguo1@utk.edu
RI smith, jeremy/B-7287-2012; Guo, Hao-Bo/B-7486-2009; Lian,
Peng/L-3862-2013
OI smith, jeremy/0000-0002-2978-3227; Guo, Hao-Bo/0000-0003-1321-1758;
FU National Science Foundation [0817940]; National High-Tech R&D Program
(863 Program) [2012AA020307]; National Basic Research Program of China
(973 Program) [2012CB721000]; Key Project of Shanghai Science and
Technology Commission [11JC1406400]; Shanghai Jiao Tong University;
Bioenergy Science Center; Biological and Environmental Research in the
Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
FX This work is supported in part by the National Science Foundation Award
(Grant No. 0817940 to H. G.) and in part by grants from the National
High-Tech R&D Program (863 Program Contract No. 2012AA020307 to D. Q.
W.), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program)
(Contract No. 2012CB721000 to D. Q. W.), and the Key Project of Shanghai
Science and Technology Commission (Contract No. 11JC1406400 to D. Q.
W.). P. L. is supported by a fellowship from Shanghai Jiao Tong
University. JCS acknowledges support from the Bioenergy Science Center,
funded by Biological and Environmental Research in the Office of Science
of the U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 66
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0969-0239
EI 1572-882X
J9 CELLULOSE
JI Cellulose
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
SI SI
BP 937
EP 949
DI 10.1007/s10570-013-0011-7
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer
Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA AD4IW
UT WOS:000333213800009
ER
PT J
AU Alekozai, EM
GhattyVenkataKrishna, PK
Uberbacher, EC
Crowley, MF
Smith, JC
Cheng, XL
AF Alekozai, Emal M.
GhattyVenkataKrishna, Pavan K.
Uberbacher, Edward C.
Crowley, Michael F.
Smith, Jeremy C.
Cheng, Xiaolin
TI Simulation analysis of the cellulase Cel7A carbohydrate binding module
on the surface of the cellulose I beta
SO CELLULOSE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cellulose; Cellulase; Brownian dynamics; Molecular dynamics;
Carbohydrate binding; Surface diffusion
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; REESEI CELLOBIOHYDROLASE-I;
TRICHODERMA-REESEI; MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; CRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE;
BROWNIAN DYNAMICS; ENZYMATIC DECONSTRUCTION; LIMITED PROTEOLYSIS;
BIOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; PROTEIN SOLUTIONS
AB The Family 7 cellobiohydrolase (Cel7A) from Trichoderma reesei consists of a carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) joined by a linker to a catalytic domain. Cellulose hydrolysis is limited by the accessibility of Cel7A to crystalline substrates, which is perceived to be primarily mediated by the CBM. Here, the binding of CBM to the cellulose I beta fiber is characterized by combined Brownian dynamics (BD) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results confirm that CBM prefers to dock to the hydrophobic than to the hydrophilic fiber faces. Both electrostatic (ES) and van der Waals (VDW) interactions are required for achieving the observed binding preference. The VDW interactions play a more important role in stabilizing the CBM-fiber binding, whereas the ES interactions contribute through the formation of a number of hydrogen bonds between the CBM and the fiber. At long distances, an ES steering effect is also observed that tends to align the CBM in an antiparallel manner relative to the fiber axis. Furthermore, the MD results reveal hindered diffusion of the CBM on all fiber surfaces. The binding of the CBM to the hydrophobic surfaces is found to involve partial dewetting at the CBM-fiber interface coupled with local structural arrangements of the protein. The present simulation results complement and rationalize a large body of previous work and provide detailed insights into the mechanism of the CBM-cellulose fiber interactions.
C1 [Alekozai, Emal M.] Heidelberg Univ, Interdisciplinary Ctr Sci Comp, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Alekozai, Emal M.; Smith, Jeremy C.; Cheng, Xiaolin] Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Biophys Mol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[GhattyVenkataKrishna, Pavan K.; Uberbacher, Edward C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Biol & Bioinformat Grp, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[GhattyVenkataKrishna, Pavan K.; Uberbacher, Edward C.; Crowley, Michael F.; Smith, Jeremy C.; Cheng, Xiaolin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Crowley, Michael F.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Renewable & Sustainable Energy Inst, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Cheng, XL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, One Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM chengx@ornl.gov
RI smith, jeremy/B-7287-2012
OI smith, jeremy/0000-0002-2978-3227
FU Genomic Science Program, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, US Department of Energy [FWP ERKP752]; HGS MathComp,
University of Heidelberg; NISC [TG-MCA08X032]; Office of Science of the
US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX E.A. thanks Razif R. Gabdoulline, Lipi Thukral, Ricky B. Nellas, Tomasz
Berezniak and Mithun Biswas for useful discussions. This work was
supported by the Genomic Science Program, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, US Department of Energy, under Contract FWP
ERKP752. E.A. was supported by the HGS MathComp, University of
Heidelberg. For computational resources we acknowledge the bwGRiD
(http://www.bw-grid. de), the National Science Foundation through
TeraGrid resources provided by NISC under grant number TG-MCA08X032, and
the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is
supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 98
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 8
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0969-0239
EI 1572-882X
J9 CELLULOSE
JI Cellulose
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
SI SI
BP 951
EP 971
DI 10.1007/s10570-013-0026-0
PG 21
WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer
Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA AD4IW
UT WOS:000333213800010
ER
PT J
AU Mostofian, B
Smith, JC
Cheng, XL
AF Mostofian, Barmak
Smith, Jeremy C.
Cheng, Xiaolin
TI Simulation of a cellulose fiber in ionic liquid suggests a synergistic
approach to dissolution
SO CELLULOSE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cellulose; Ionic liquids; Pretreatment; MD simulation
ID HYDROGEN-BONDING SYSTEM; PARTICLE MESH EWALD; SYNCHROTRON X-RAY;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; BIOMASS RECALCITRANCE;
CRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE; SOLVATION STRUCTURES; COMPUTER-SIMULATION;
FORCE-FIELD
AB Ionic liquids dissolve cellulose in a more efficient and environmentally acceptable way than conventional methods in aqueous solution. An understanding of how ionic liquids act on cellulose is essential for improving pretreatment conditions and thus detailed knowledge of the interactions between the cations, anions and cellulose is necessary. Here, to explore ionic liquid effects, we perform all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of a cellulose microfibril in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and analyze site-site interactions and cation orientations at the solute-solvent interface. The results indicate that Cl- anions predominantly interact with cellulose surface hydroxyl groups but with differences between chains of neighboring cellulose layers, referred to as center and origin chains; Cl- binds to C3-hydroxyls on the origin chains but to C2- and C6-hydroxyls on the center chains, thus resulting in a distinct pattern along glucan chains of the hydrophilic fiber surfaces. In particular, Cl- binding disrupts intrachain O3H-O5 hydrogen bonds on the origin chains but not those on the center chains. In contrast, Bmim(+) cations stack preferentially on the hydrophobic cellulose surface, governed by non-polar interactions with cellulose. Complementary to the polar interactions between Cl- and cellulose, the stacking interaction between solvent cation rings and cellulose pyranose rings can compensate the interaction between stacked cellulose layers, thus stabilizing detached cellulose chains. Moreover, a frequently occurring intercalation of Bmim(+) on the hydrophilic surface is observed, which by separating cellulose layers can also potentially facilitate the initiation of fiber disintegration. The results provide a molecular description why ionic liquids are ideal cellulose solvents, the concerted action of anions and cations on the hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces being key to the efficient dissolution of the amphiphilic carbohydrate.
C1 [Mostofian, Barmak; Smith, Jeremy C.; Cheng, Xiaolin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Ctr Mol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Mostofian, Barmak] Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Smith, Jeremy C.; Cheng, Xiaolin] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Cheng, XL (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Ctr Mol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
EM chengx@ornl.gov
RI smith, jeremy/B-7287-2012
OI smith, jeremy/0000-0002-2978-3227
FU BioEnergy Science Center, a DOE Bioenergy Research Center; Office of
Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science;
National Science Foundation [TG-MCA08X032]
FX This research was funded from the BioEnergy Science Center, a DOE
Bioenergy Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research in the DOE Office of Science. It was also
supported in part by the National Science Foundation through XSEDE
resources provided by the National Institute of Computational Sciences
under grant number TG-MCA08X032.
NR 74
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 9
U2 86
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0969-0239
EI 1572-882X
J9 CELLULOSE
JI Cellulose
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
SI SI
BP 983
EP 997
DI 10.1007/s10570-013-0018-0
PG 15
WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer
Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA AD4IW
UT WOS:000333213800012
ER
PT J
AU Sawada, D
Ogawa, Y
Kimura, S
Nishiyama, Y
Langan, P
Wada, M
AF Sawada, Daisuke
Ogawa, Yu
Kimura, Satoshi
Nishiyama, Yoshiharu
Langan, Paul
Wada, Masahisa
TI Solid-solvent molecular interactions observed in crystal structures of
beta-chitin complexes
SO CELLULOSE
LA English
DT Article
DE Structure analysis; beta-chitin; Crystallosolvates; Molecular
interaction; Hydrogen bond; Hydroxymethyl group
ID NEUTRON FIBER DIFFRACTION; SYNCHROTRON X-RAY; HYDROGEN-BONDING SYSTEM;
ALPHA-CHITIN; ALIPHATIC-AMINES; CELLULOSE-II; RESOLUTION; DEUTERATION;
AMMONIA
AB Three beta-chitin structures [anhydrous, di-hydrate, mono-ethylenediamine (EDA)] recently determined by synchrotron X-ray and neutron fiber diffraction were reviewed from the viewpoint of molecular interactions. Both water and EDA molecules interact with the chitin chains through multiple hydrogen bonds. When water complexes with chitin, the hydrogen bonding pattern rearranges with the replacement of an intrachain chitin hydrogen bond by a stronger hydrogen bond between chitin and water, with an associated reduction in the degrees of freedom; the water oxygen is a much stronger acceptor than the O5 ring atom. The behavior of hydrogen exchange by deuterium supports this interpretation. EDA-molecules change the conformation of hydroxymethyl group from gg to gt, accompanied by changes in hydrogen bonds due to the strong accepting ability of the EDA nitrogen atoms. Some important interactions are in common with experimental crystallographic results of cellulosic crystals and of molecular dynamics studies. These new insights into solid-solvent interactions are valuable in understanding molecular interactions in other polysaccharides-solvents system in solution or on surface.
C1 [Sawada, Daisuke; Langan, Paul] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Ogawa, Yu; Kimura, Satoshi; Wada, Masahisa] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Agr & Life Sci, Dept Biomat Sci, Tokyo 1138657, Japan.
[Kimura, Satoshi; Wada, Masahisa] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Plant & Environm New Resources, Coll Life Sci, Yongin 446701, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
[Nishiyama, Yoshiharu] Univ Grenoble 1, Ctr Rech Macromol Vegetales CNRS, F-38041 Grenoble 9, France.
RP Sawada, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM sawadad@ornl.gov
RI Nishiyama, Yoshiharu/A-3492-2012; Langan, Paul/N-5237-2015
OI Nishiyama, Yoshiharu/0000-0003-4069-2307; Langan,
Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122
FU Genomic Science Program, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, US Department of Energy [FWP ERKP752]; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences; [23-2362]
FX We thank beamline D19 at the Institut Laue-Langevin, BL38B1 and BL40B2
at SPring-8 for use of facilities. We thank the Japan Agency for
Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) for collecting samples of
L. satsuma using a remotely operated vehicle, Hyper-Dolphin. PL was
partly supported by Genomic Science Program, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, US Department of Energy, under FWP ERKP752 and
the US Department of Energy, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC under contract
No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. PL acknowledges support by the Scientific User
Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. YO was supported
by grant-in-aids for JSPS research fellow (23-2362).
NR 43
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 28
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0969-0239
EI 1572-882X
J9 CELLULOSE
JI Cellulose
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
SI SI
BP 1007
EP 1014
DI 10.1007/s10570-013-0077-2
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer
Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA AD4IW
UT WOS:000333213800014
ER
PT J
AU Nishiyama, Y
Langan, P
O'Neill, H
Pingali, SV
Harton, S
AF Nishiyama, Yoshiharu
Langan, Paul
O'Neill, Hugh
Pingali, Sai Venkatesh
Harton, Shane
TI Structural coarsening of aspen wood by hydrothermal pretreatment
monitored by small- and wide-angle scattering of X-rays and neutrons on
oriented specimens
SO CELLULOSE
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutron scattering; Small angle scattering; X-ray diffraction; Thermal
treatment; Biomass; Cellulose; Coarsening; Crystallite size
ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CELLULOSE MICROFIBRILS; FIBER DIFFRACTION;
NANOSTRUCTURE; SAMPLES
AB Structural changes across multiple length scales associated with hydrothermal pretreatments of biomass were investigated by using small- and wide-angle X-ray and neutron scattering on oriented specimens. Isotropic and anisotropic scattering components were numerically separated and then interpreted as contributions from matrix and cellulose components, respectively. Equatorial diffraction peaks present in the isotropic component became sharper after hydrothermal treatments or ammonia treatment. Before pretreatment the wet cell wall was found to be homogeneous in the 10-100 nm range and scattering below Q = 0.5 (nm(-1)) was dominated by surface scattering from the lumen. After pretreatment with acid or steam at 160 or 180 A degrees C, density fluctuation developed in the cell wall at length scales above 10 nm, most likely due to lateral coalescence of microfibrils that partially co-crystallize to give larger apparent crystal sizes. A density fluctuation up to about 100 nm appeared in the isotropic component after acid and steam pretreatments due to morphological changes in the hemicellulose and lignin matrix.
C1 [Nishiyama, Yoshiharu] CNRS, Ctr Rech Macromol Vegetales, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
[Langan, Paul; O'Neill, Hugh; Pingali, Sai Venkatesh] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Langan, Paul; O'Neill, Hugh; Pingali, Sai Venkatesh] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Struct Mol Biol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Harton, Shane] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Nishiyama, Y (reprint author), CNRS, Ctr Rech Macromol Vegetales, BP 53X, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
EM yoshi@cermav.cnrs.fr
RI Nishiyama, Yoshiharu/A-3492-2012; Langan, Paul/N-5237-2015;
OI Nishiyama, Yoshiharu/0000-0003-4069-2307; Langan,
Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122; Pingali, Sai Venkatesh/0000-0001-7961-4176;
O'Neill, Hugh/0000-0003-2966-5527
FU Genomic Science Program, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, U.S. Department of Energy [FWP ERKP752]; Office of Biological
and Environmental Research; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This research is funded by the Genomic Science Program, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy, under
FWP ERKP752. The Center for Structural Molecular Biology (CSMB) and the
BioSANS beam line are supported by the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, using facilities supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC under contract No.
DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 17
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 5
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0969-0239
EI 1572-882X
J9 CELLULOSE
JI Cellulose
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
SI SI
BP 1015
EP 1024
DI 10.1007/s10570-013-0069-2
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer
Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA AD4IW
UT WOS:000333213800015
ER
PT J
AU Adal, KM
Sidibe, D
Ali, S
Chaum, E
Karnowski, TP
Meriaudeau, F
AF Adal, Kedir M.
Sidibe, Desire
Ali, Sharib
Chaum, Edward
Karnowski, Thomas P.
Meriaudeau, Fabrice
TI Automated detection of microaneurysms using scale-adapted blob analysis
and semi-adapted blob analysis and semi-supervised learning
SO COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Microaneurysms; Diabetic retinopathy; Fundus image; Semi-supervised
learning; Blobs; Scale-space
ID FLUORESCEIN ANGIOGRAMS; RETINAL IMAGES; FUNDUS IMAGES; SEGMENTATION;
QUANTIFICATION; PHOTOGRAPHS; LESIONS; SYSTEM
AB Despite several attempts, automated detection of microaneurysm (MA) from digital fundus images still remains to be an open issue. This is due to the subtle nature of MAs against the surrounding tissues. In this paper, the microaneurysm detection problem is modeled as finding interest regions or blobs from an image and an automatic local-scale selection technique is presented. Several scale-adapted region descriptors are introduced to characterize these blob regions. A semi-supervised based learning approach, which requires few manually annotated learning examples, is also proposed to train a classifier which can detect true MAs. The developed system is built using only few manually labeled and a large number of unlabeled retinal color fundus images. The performance of the overall system is evaluated on Retinopathy Online Challenge (ROC) competition database. A competition performance measure (CPM) of 0.364 shows the competitiveness of the proposed system against state-of-the art techniques as well as the applicability of the proposed features to analyze fundus images. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Adal, Kedir M.; Sidibe, Desire; Ali, Sharib; Meriaudeau, Fabrice] Univ Bourgogne, CNRS, Lab Le2i, UMR 6306, F-71200 Le Creusot, France.
[Chaum, Edward] U Tennessee Hlth Sci Ctr, Hamilton Eye Inst, Memphis, TN USA.
[Karnowski, Thomas P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Adal, KM (reprint author), Univ Bourgogne, CNRS, Lab Le2i, UMR 6306, F-71200 Le Creusot, France.
EM KedirAdal@gmail.com
FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); Regional Burgundy Council, France
FX This work was supported in part by grants from Oak Ridge National
Laboratory (ORNL), and by the Regional Burgundy Council, France.
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0169-2607
EI 1872-7565
J9 COMPUT METH PROG BIO
JI Comput. Meth. Programs Biomed.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 114
IS 1
DI 10.1016/j.cmpb.2013.12.009
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science,
Theory & Methods; Engineering, Biomedical; Medical Informatics
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Medical Informatics
GA AC4ZB
UT WOS:000332528900001
ER
PT J
AU Hurlbert, AH
Stegen, JC
AF Hurlbert, Allen H.
Stegen, James C.
TI When should species richness be energy limited, and how would we know?
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE niche conservatism; latitudinal gradient; zero sum; Diversification;
species-energy theory; simulation; phylogenetic structure; evolution;
species richness
ID LATITUDINAL DIVERSITY GRADIENT; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENIES; DIVERSIFICATION
RATES; CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS; NICHE CONSERVATISM; SCALE PATTERNS; FOSSIL
RECORD; SANTA-ROSALIA; RED QUEEN; EVOLUTIONARY
AB Energetic constraints are fundamental to ecology and evolution, and empirical relationships between species richness and estimates of available energy (i.e. resources) have led some to suggest that richness is energetically constrained. However, the mechanism linking energy with richness is rarely specified and predictions of secondary patterns consistent with energy-constrained richness are lacking. Here, we lay out the necessary and sufficient assumptions of a causal relationship linking energy gradients to richness gradients. We then describe an eco-evolutionary simulation model that combines spatially explicit diversification with trait evolution, resource availability and assemblage-level carrying capacities. Our model identified patterns in richness and phylogenetic structure expected when a spatial gradient in energy availability determines the number of individuals supported in a given area. A comparison to patterns under alternative scenarios, in which fundamental assumptions behind energetic explanations were violated, revealed patterns that are useful for evaluating the importance of energetic constraints in empirical systems. We use a data set on rockfish (genus Sebastes) from the northeastern Pacific to show how empirical data can be coupled with model predictions to evaluate the role of energetic constraints in generating observed richness gradients.
C1 [Hurlbert, Allen H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA.
[Hurlbert, Allen H.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Environm & Ecol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Stegen, James C.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Hurlbert, AH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, CB 3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA.
EM hurlbert@bio.unc.edu
RI Stegen, James/Q-3078-2016
OI Stegen, James/0000-0001-9135-7424
FU Linus Pauling Distinguished Postdoctoral Fellowship at Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory; DOE by Battelle [AC06-76RLO 1830]
FX We are grateful to TJ Davies, T Ingram, EP White and three anonymous
reviewers for comments on earlier versions of the manuscript, and T
Ingram for providing phylogenetic and distributional data on Pacific
rockfish. A Purvis provided R code (modified from the maxlik_betasplit
function in the apTree-shape package) for calculating beta. JCS was
supported by a Linus Pauling Distinguished Postdoctoral Fellowship at
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, which is operated for DOE by
Battelle under contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830. Institutional computing
resources at PNNL were used extensively to carry out the described work.
NR 84
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 5
U2 73
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1461-023X
EI 1461-0248
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 4
BP 401
EP 413
DI 10.1111/ele.12240
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC0SZ
UT WOS:000332206400001
PM 24393362
ER
PT J
AU Chen, JYC
Miller, JT
Gerken, JB
Stahl, SS
AF Chen, Jamie Y. C.
Miller, Jeffrey T.
Gerken, James B.
Stahl, Shannon S.
TI Inverse spinel NiFeAlO4 as a highly active oxygen evolution
electrocatalyst: promotion of activity by a redox-inert metal ion
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ALKALINE WATER ELECTROLYSIS; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; OXIDE CATALYSTS; NICKEL
FERRITE; COMBINATORIAL DISCOVERY; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; O-2
EVOLUTION; KOH SOLUTIONS; OXIDATION
AB Ni:Fe:Al mixed oxides were identified as highly active water oxidation electrocatalysts. A systematic investigation of these materials has led to the characterization of a well-defined NiFeAlO4 inverse spinel catalyst. Electrochemical characterization of NiFeAlO4 shows activity exceeding previously reported catalysts of similar composition and/or structure, including NiO, NiFe (9 : 1), and NiFe2O4.
C1 [Chen, Jamie Y. C.; Gerken, James B.; Stahl, Shannon S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Miller, Jeffrey T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chen, JYC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, 1101 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM stahl@chem.wisc.edu
FU NSF [CHE-1305124]; U. S. Department of Energy; Office of Science; Office
of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; MRCAT; Department of
Energy; MRCAT member institutions; Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and
Biosciences Division, U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0-06CH11357]
FX The authors thank Dr Alexey Serov and Nalin Andersen (Dept. of Chemical
Engineering, University of New Mexico) for experimental assistance and
Veronica Berns (Dept. of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison) for
advice on Rietveld refinement. This research is supported by the NSF
under CCI Powering the Planet grant CHE-1305124. Use of the Advanced
Photon Source is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract
DE-AC02-06CH11357. MRCAT operations are supported by the Department of
Energy and the MRCAT member institutions. Funding for JTM was provided
by Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, U. S.
Department of Energy, under contract DE-AC0-06CH11357.
NR 57
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 12
U2 107
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
EI 1754-5706
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 4
BP 1382
EP 1386
DI 10.1039/c3ee43811b
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AD4GI
UT WOS:000333205800013
ER
PT J
AU Berger, A
Segalman, RA
Newman, J
AF Berger, Alan
Segalman, R. A.
Newman, J.
TI Material requirements for membrane separators in a water-splitting
photoelectrochemical cell
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID OXYGEN-EVOLUTION; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE; FUEL-CELLS;
SOLAR; EFFICIENCY; ELECTRODE; SYSTEMS; PHOTOLYSIS; TRANSPORT
AB A fully integrated model of a photoelectrochemical cell for water electrolysis is applied to the case of light-absorbing particles embedded in a membrane separator. Composition of the product gases is shown to be one critical measure of device performance. Not only must the composition be kept outside the explosive window for mixtures of H-2 and O-2, but also product purity is a concern. For the absorber-in-membrane geometry and the model assumptions used here, results show purely water-saturated H-2 on the cathode side and water-saturated O-2 on the anode side. Since it is possible to design devices that violate these assumptions, it should not be assumed that a polymer separator or an absorber-in-membrane geometry will be effective in preventing explosive mixtures in all cases. Net H-2 collected, i H-2,(net), is the second essential performance metric, and it is shown to differ significantly from the more commonly reported total H2 produced and operating current density. Schemes which co-evolve H-2 and O-2 violate the first metric and do not provide the second. A composite of triple-junction silicon absorbers in a Nafion membrane is shown to have an optimum thickness of 30 mu m, dependent on the properties of the light absorber. Varying membrane properties reveals a tradeoff between conductivity, k(m), and gas permeabilities, psi H-2 and psi O-2, that can potentially be exploited differently than in a fuel cell. Modulating the relative humidity (RH) is insufficient. The maximum iH(2), net is calculated to be 6.97 mA cm(-2) at RH = 30% relative to a value of 6.92 mA cm(-2) at RH = 100%. The model identifies target material properties for new polymers. If psi is dropped one order of magnitude below that of Nafion (psi/psi(Nafion =) 0.1), the optimum value for iH(2), net increases by 63.5%. For psi/psi(Nafion) = 0.01, the optimum iH(2), net increases by 73.5%, which compares favorably to the 74.5% improvement that would result if Nafion were made impermeable (psi/psi(Nafion) = 0). Meanwhile, k(m) can drop to a value of 1.2 x 10(-3) S cm(-1) (two orders of magnitude below liquid-equilibrated Nafion) with less than a 5% decline in iH(2),(net).
C1 [Berger, Alan; Segalman, R. A.; Newman, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Joint Ctr Artificial Photosynth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Berger, Alan; Segalman, R. A.; Newman, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Berger, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Joint Ctr Artificial Photosynth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM alanberger@berkeley.edu; newman@newman.cchem.berkeley.edu
OI Segalman, Rachel/0000-0002-4292-5103
FU Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis; DOE Energy Innovation Hub;
Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0004993]
FX This work was supported through the Joint Center for Artificial
Photosynthesis, a DOE Energy Innovation Hub, supported through the
Office of Science of the U. S. Department of Energy under Award number
DE-SC0004993.
NR 44
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 7
U2 77
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
EI 1754-5706
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 4
BP 1468
EP 1476
DI 10.1039/c3ee43807d
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AD4GI
UT WOS:000333205800025
ER
PT J
AU Khnayzer, RS
Thoi, VS
Nippe, M
King, AE
Jurss, JW
El Roz, KA
Long, JR
Chang, CJ
Castellano, FN
AF Khnayzer, R. S.
Thoi, V. S.
Nippe, M.
King, A. E.
Jurss, J. W.
El Roz, K. A.
Long, J. R.
Chang, C. J.
Castellano, F. N.
TI Towards a comprehensive understanding of visible-light photogeneration
of hydrogen from water using cobalt(II) polypyridyl catalysts
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROPHILIC PHOSPHATRIAZAADAMANTANE LIGAND; METAL-COMPLEXES; H-2
PRODUCTION; ELECTROCATALYTIC REDUCTION; HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS;
GENERATING HYDROGEN; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; PHOTO-REDUCTION; RECENT
PROGRESS; CARBON-DIOXIDE
AB Homogeneous aqueous solutions of photocatalytic ensembles, consisting of [Ru(bpy)3](2+) as a photosensitizer, ascorbic acid/ascorbate as the electron source, and 10 distinct Co2+-based molecular catalysts, were evaluated for visible-light induced hydrogen evolution using high-throughput screening. The combined results demonstrate that Co2+ complexes bearing tetradentate ligands yield more active photocatalytic compositions than their congeners with pentadentate ligands while operating with high catalyst stability. Additionally, molecular Co2+ catalysts with cis open coordination sites appear to be significantly more active for hydrogen evolution than those with trans open sites. As evidenced by mass spectrometric analysis of the reactor headspace and associated deuteration experiments, the H-2 gas generated in all instances was derived from aqueous protons. One of the most promising cis-disposed Co2+ species, [Co(bpyPY2Me)(CH3CN)(CF3SO3)](CF3SO3) (1), engages in highly efficient hydrogen evolving photocatalysis, achieving a turnover number of 4200 (H-2/Co) and a turnover frequency of 3200 (H-2/Co per h) at pH 4 under simulated sunlight (AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm (-2)) at room temperature. At equimolar concentrations of photosensitizer and 1, the total hydrogen produced appears to be exclusively limited by the photostability of [Ru(bpy)(3)] (2+), which was observed to decompose into an Ru(bpy)(2)-ascorbate adduct, as evidenced by HPLC and ESI-MS experiments. Lowering the operating temperature from 27 to 5 degrees C significantly attenuates bpy dissociation from the sensitizer, resulting in a net similar to two-fold increase in hydrogen production from this composition. The primary electron transfer steps of this photocatalytic ensemble were investigated by nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Photoexcited [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) undergoes reductive quenching by ascorbic acid/ascorbate (k(q) = 2.6 x 107 M (1) s (1)), releasing [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) from the encounter solvent cage with an efficiency of 55 +/- 5%. In the presence of catalyst 1, [Ru(bpy)(3)](+) generated in the initial flash-quench experiment transfers an electron (k(et)= 2 x 109 M-1 s(-1)) at an efficiency of 85 +/- 10% to the catalyst, which is believed to enter the hydrogen evolution cycle subsequently. Using a combinatorial approach, all ten Co2+ catalysts were evaluated for their potential to operate under neutral pH 7.0 conditions. Catalyst 7, [Co(PY4MeH(2))(CH3CN)(CF3SO3)](CF3SO3), was revealed to be most promising, as its performance metrics were only marginally affected by pH and turnover numbers greater than 1000 were easily obtained in photocatalytic hydrogen generation. These comprehensive findings provide guidelines for the development of molecular compositions capable of evolving hydrogen from purely aqueous media.
C1 [Khnayzer, R. S.; El Roz, K. A.; Castellano, F. N.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Thoi, V. S.; Nippe, M.; King, A. E.; Jurss, J. W.; Long, J. R.; Chang, C. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chang, C. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Thoi, V. S.; Nippe, M.; King, A. E.; Jurss, J. W.; Chang, C. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Long, J. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chang, C. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Khnayzer, R. S.] Lebanese Amer Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Beirut 11022801, Lebanon.
RP Khnayzer, RS (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM jrlong@berkeley.edu; chrischang@berkeley.edu; fncastel@ncsu.edu
RI Nippe, Michael/A-6222-2015;
OI Nippe, Michael/0000-0003-1091-4677; Khnayzer, Rony/0000-0001-7775-0027;
Castellano, Felix/0000-0001-7546-8618
FU DOE/LBNL Grant [403801]; NSF grant [CHE-1111900, CHE-1012487]; National
Science Foundation
FX This work was supported by DOE/LBNL Grant 403801 (C.J.C.), NSF grant
CHE-1111900 (J.R.L.), and NSF grant CHE-1012487 (F.N.C.). V.S.T. thanks
Profs. T. Don Tilley and Richard Andersen for insightful discussions as
well as the National Science Foundation for a graduate fellowship. We
acknowledge Babatunde S. Olaiya for considerable help with
photocatalytic experiments. C.J.C. is an Investigator with the Howard
Hughes Medical Institute.
NR 71
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 18
U2 173
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
EI 1754-5706
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 4
BP 1477
EP 1488
DI 10.1039/c3ee43982h
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AD4GI
UT WOS:000333205800026
ER
PT J
AU McManamay, RA
Orth, DJ
Jager, HI
AF McManamay, R. A.
Orth, D. J.
Jager, H. I.
TI Accounting for variation in species detection in fish community
monitoring
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; DETECTION PROBABILITIES; STREAM FISHES;
ASSEMBLAGE STRUCTURE; CAPTURE PROBABILITY; PRESENCE-ABSENCE; SMALLMOUTH
BASS; RIVER-BASIN; HABITAT USE; ABUNDANCE
C1 [McManamay, R. A.; Jager, H. I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Orth, D. J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA USA.
RP McManamay, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Bldg 1505 Off 338, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM mcmanamayra@ornl.gov
OI Orth, Donald/0000-0002-9236-0147
FU Cheoah Fund Board; USDA Forest Service; U.S. Forest Service
FX This work was funded by the Cheoah Fund Board, a multiagency
collaboration between Alcoa Power, USDA Forest Service, US Fish and
Wildlife Service, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, and the
NC Division of Water Resources-DENR and other grants provided by the
USDA Forest Service. Mesohabitat delineations were taken from joint work
by ENTRIX, Inc. and Forest One, Inc.; produced under contract for the
U.S. Forest Service. Three anonymous reviewers provided comments that
improved the manuscript considerably. We would like to sincerely thank
Toby Coyner, Tyler Young, David Belkoski, Brad Collins, Jason Emmel and
McKeever Henley for their help in the field. We also thank Chris
Goodreau, Steve Fraley and Collin Krause for providing recommendations
on different sampling protocols.
NR 70
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 39
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0969-997X
EI 1365-2400
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 2
BP 96
EP 112
PG 17
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AC3ID
UT WOS:000332409600002
ER
PT J
AU Rasmussen, JA
Post, DMB
Gibson, BW
Lindemann, SR
Apicella, MA
Meyerholz, DK
Jones, BD
AF Rasmussen, Jed A.
Post, Deborah M. B.
Gibson, Bradford W.
Lindemann, Stephen R.
Apicella, Michael A.
Meyerholz, David K.
Jones, Bradley D.
TI Francisella tularensis Schu S4 Lipopolysaccharide Core Sugar and
O-Antigen Mutants Are Attenuated in a Mouse Model of Tularemia
SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM;
OUTER-MEMBRANE; LIPID-A; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; TOPOLOGY
PREDICTION; IN-VITRO; PROTEIN; BIOSYNTHESIS
AB The virulence factors mediating Francisella pathogenesis are being investigated, with an emphasis on understanding how the organism evades innate immunity mechanisms. Francisella tularensis produces a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that is essentially inert and a polysaccharide capsule that helps the organism to evade detection by components of innate immunity. Using an F. tularensis Schu S4 mutant library, we identified strains that are disrupted for capsule and O-antigen production. These serum-sensitive strains lack both capsule production and O-antigen laddering. Analysis of the predicted protein sequences for the disrupted genes (FTT1236 and FTT1238c) revealed similarity to those for waa (rfa) biosynthetic genes in other bacteria. Mass spectrometry further revealed that these proteins are involved in LPS core sugar biosynthesis and the ligation of O antigen to the LPS core sugars. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) values of these strains are increased 100- to 1,000-fold for mice. Histopathology revealed that the immune response to the F. tularensis mutant strains was significantly different from that observed with wild-type-infected mice. The lung tissue from mutant-infected mice had widespread necrotic debris, but the spleens lacked necrosis and displayed neutrophilia. In contrast, the lungs of wild-type-infected mice had nominal necrosis, but the spleens had widespread necrosis. These data indicate that murine death caused by wild-type strains occurs by a mechanism different from that by which the mutant strains kill mice. Mice immunized with these mutant strains displayed > 10-fold protective effects against virulent type A F. tularensis challenge.
C1 [Rasmussen, Jed A.; Apicella, Michael A.; Jones, Bradley D.] Univ Iowa, Dept Microbiol, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Meyerholz, David K.] Univ Iowa, Dept Pathol, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Jones, Bradley D.] Univ Iowa, Genet Program, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA.
[Lindemann, Stephen R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Biol Sci Div Microbiol, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Post, Deborah M. B.; Gibson, Bradford W.] Buck Inst Age Res, Novato, CA USA.
[Gibson, Bradford W.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA USA.
[Jones, Bradley D.] Washington Univ, Midwest Reg Ctr Excellence Biodef & Emerging Infe, St Louis, MO USA.
RP Jones, BD (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Microbiol, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM bradley-jones@uiowa.edu
RI Lindemann, Steve/H-6088-2016
OI Lindemann, Steve/0000-0002-3788-5389
FU NIH [2PO1 AI044642, 2U54 AI057160]; project 14 of the Midwest Regional
Center of Excellence (MRCE); Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease
Research
FX Financial support for this work was provided by NIH grants 2PO1 AI044642
(B.D.J., M.A.A., and B. W. G.) and 2U54 AI057160 and by project 14 of
the Midwest Regional Center of Excellence (MRCE) for Biodefense and
Emerging Infectious Disease Research to B.D.J.
NR 59
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0019-9567
EI 1098-5522
J9 INFECT IMMUN
JI Infect. Immun.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 4
BP 1523
EP 1539
DI 10.1128/IAI.01640-13
PG 17
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA AD4BX
UT WOS:000333192300019
PM 24452684
ER
PT J
AU Gittel, A
Barta, J
Kohoutova, I
Mikutta, R
Owens, S
Gilbert, J
Schnecker, J
Wild, B
Hannisdal, B
Maerz, J
Lashchinskiy, N
Capek, P
Santruckova, H
Gentsch, N
Shibistova, O
Guggenberger, G
Richter, A
Torsvik, VL
Schleper, C
Urich, T
AF Gittel, Antje
Barta, Jiri
Kohoutova, Iva
Mikutta, Robert
Owens, Sarah
Gilbert, Jack
Schnecker, Joerg
Wild, Birgit
Hannisdal, Bjarte
Maerz, Joeran
Lashchinskiy, Nikolay
Capek, Petr
Santruckova, Hana
Gentsch, Norman
Shibistova, Olga
Guggenberger, Georg
Richter, Andreas
Torsvik, Vigdis L.
Schleper, Christa
Urich, Tim
TI Distinct microbial communities associated with buried soils in the
Siberian tundra
SO ISME JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon storage; climate change; cryoturbation; microbial communities;
permafrost-affected soil; soil organic matter (SOM)
ID MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ORGANIC-MATTER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BOREAL FOREST;
COMPOSITIONAL DATA; CARBON-CYCLE; DECOMPOSITION; BACTERIAL; NITROGEN;
DEPTH
AB Cryoturbation, the burial of topsoil material into deeper soil horizons by repeated freeze-thaw events, is an important storage mechanism for soil organic matter (SOM) in permafrost-affected soils. Besides abiotic conditions, microbial community structure and the accessibility of SOM to the decomposer community are hypothesized to control SOM decomposition and thus have a crucial role in SOM accumulation in buried soils. We surveyed the microbial community structure in cryoturbated soils from nine soil profiles in the northeastern Siberian tundra using high-throughput sequencing and quantification of bacterial, archaeal and fungal marker genes. We found that bacterial abundances in buried topsoils were as high as in unburied topsoils. In contrast, fungal abundances decreased with depth and were significantly lower in buried than in unburied topsoils resulting in remarkably low fungal to bacterial ratios in buried topsoils. Fungal community profiling revealed an associated decrease in presumably ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. The abiotic conditions (low to subzero temperatures, anoxia) and the reduced abundance of fungi likely provide a niche for bacterial, facultative anaerobic decomposers of SOM such as members of the Actinobacteria, which were found in significantly higher relative abundances in buried than in unburied topsoils. Our study expands the knowledge on the microbial community structure in soils of Northern latitude permafrost regions, and attributes the delayed decomposition of SOM in buried soils to specific microbial taxa, and particularly to a decrease in abundance and activity of ECM fungi, and to the extent to which bacterial decomposers are able to act as their functional substitutes.
C1 [Gittel, Antje; Torsvik, Vigdis L.; Schleper, Christa] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, Ctr Geobiol, Bergen, Norway.
[Gittel, Antje; Schnecker, Joerg; Wild, Birgit; Richter, Andreas; Schleper, Christa; Urich, Tim] Austrian Polar Res Inst, Vienna, Austria.
[Barta, Jiri; Kohoutova, Iva; Capek, Petr; Santruckova, Hana] Univ South Bohemia, Dept Ecosyst Biol, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
[Mikutta, Robert; Gentsch, Norman; Shibistova, Olga; Guggenberger, Georg] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Bodenkunde, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
[Owens, Sarah; Gilbert, Jack] Argonne Natl Lab, Inst Genom & Syst Biol, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Owens, Sarah] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Gilbert, Jack] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Schnecker, Joerg; Wild, Birgit; Richter, Andreas] Univ Vienna, Dept Microbiol & Ecosyst Sci, Div Terr Ecosyst Res, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Hannisdal, Bjarte] Univ Bergen, Dept Earth Sci, Ctr Geobiol, Bergen, Norway.
[Maerz, Joeran] Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Inst Coastal Res, Div Ecosyst Modelling, Geesthacht, Germany.
[Lashchinskiy, Nikolay] Russian Acad Sci, Cent Siberian Bot Garden, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, Russia.
[Shibistova, Olga] Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok, Russia.
[Schleper, Christa; Urich, Tim] Univ Vienna, Dept Ecogen & Syst Biol, Div Archaea Biol & Ecogen, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
RP Gittel, A (reprint author), Ctr Geomicrobiol, Dept Biosci, Ny Munkegade 114,Bldg 1540, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
EM antjegittel80@gmail.com; tim.urich@univie.ac.at
RI Richter, Andreas/D-8483-2012; Wild, Birgit/E-6476-2012; Schnecker,
Jorg/E-6546-2012; Capek, Petr/I-1518-2016; Urich, Tim/J-8241-2016
OI Richter, Andreas/0000-0003-3282-4808; Wild, Birgit/0000-0002-9611-0815;
Schnecker, Jorg/0000-0002-5160-2701; Capek, Petr/0000-0001-9362-6384;
FU Research Council of Norway as a part of the International Program
CryoCARB (Long-term Carbon Storage in Cryoturbated Arctic Soils)
[NFR-200411]; EU Action program (Austria-Czech Republic) [60p14];
Austrian Science Fund [FWF I370-B17]
FX We thank all members of the CryoCARB consortium that participated in
field work in Cherskii in 2010 and their invaluable contributions to
this manuscript by fruitful discussions. Sergey A Zimov is highly
acknowledged for providing facilities at the Northeast Science Station
(Cherskii, Russia) and access to the sampling site. Kristyna Kvardova is
thanked for help with nucleic acid extractions. This work was funded by
the Research Council of Norway as a part of the International Program
CryoCARB (Long-term Carbon Storage in Cryoturbated Arctic Soils;
NFR-200411). Jiri Barta and Tim Urich received financial support from
the EU Action program (Austria-Czech Republic, ID 60p14). Andreas
Richter acknowledges the support of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF
I370-B17).
NR 68
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 9
U2 128
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1751-7362
EI 1751-7370
J9 ISME J
JI ISME J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 4
BP 841
EP 853
DI 10.1038/ismej.2013.219
PG 13
WC Ecology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology
GA AD4BA
UT WOS:000333189700010
PM 24335828
ER
PT J
AU Singh, VP
Khedun, CP
Mishra, AK
AF Singh, Vijay P.
Khedun, Chundun Prakash
Mishra, Ashok K.
TI Water, Environment, Energy, and Population Growth: Implications for
Water Sustainability under Climate Change
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID WORLD; MANAGEMENT; IMPACTS; DAMS
AB Forum papers are thought-provoking opinion pieces or essays founded in fact, sometimes containing speculation, on a civil engineering topic of general interest and relevance to the readership of the journal. The views expressed in this Forum article do not necessarily reflect the views of ASCE or the Editorial Board of the journal.
C1 [Singh, Vijay P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Khedun, Chundun Prakash] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Mishra, Ashok K.] Clemson Univ, Glenn Dept Civil Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Mishra, Ashok K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Khedun, CP (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, 321E Scoates Hall,MS 2117, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM vsingh@tamu.edu; pkhedun@tamu.edu; akm.pce@gmail.com
NR 48
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 31
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1084-0699
EI 1943-5584
J9 J HYDROL ENG
JI J. Hydrol. Eng.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 19
IS 4
BP 667
EP 673
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000866
PG 7
WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AC8GB
UT WOS:000332770400001
ER
PT J
AU Huang, K
Kammerer, CC
Keiser, DD
Sohn, YH
AF Huang, K.
Kammerer, C. C.
Keiser, D. D., Jr.
Sohn, Y. H.
TI Diffusion Barrier Selection from Refractory Metals (Zr, Mo and Nb) Via
Interdiffusion Investigation for U-Mo RERTR Fuel Alloy
SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE diffusion barrier; interdiffusion; multicomponent diffusion; nuclear
ID URANIUM-MOLYBDENUM ALLOY; DISPERSION FUEL; HIGH-DENSITY; MATRIX; AL
AB U-Mo alloys are being developed as low enrichment monolithic fuel under the Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactor (RERTR) program. Diffusional interactions between the U-Mo fuel alloy and Al-alloy cladding within the monolithic fuel plate construct necessitate incorporation of a barrier layer. Fundamentally, a diffusion barrier candidate must have good thermal conductivity, high melting point, minimal metallurgical interaction, and good irradiation performance. Refractory metals, Zr, Mo, and Nb are considered based on their physical properties, and the diffusion behavior must be carefully examined first with U-Mo fuel alloy. Solid-to-solid U-10 wt.%Mo versus Mo, Zr, or Nb diffusion couples were assembled and annealed at 600, 700, 800, 900 and 1000 A degrees C for various times. The interdiffusion microstructures and chemical composition were examined via scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis, respectively. For all three systems, the growth rate of interdiffusion zone were calculated at 1000, 900 and 800 A degrees C under the assumption of parabolic growth, and calculated for lower temperature of 700, 600 and 500 A degrees C according to Arrhenius relationship. The growth rate was determined to be about 10(3) times slower for Zr, 10(5) times slower for Mo and 10(6) times slower for Nb, than the growth rates reported for the interaction between the U-Mo fuel alloy and pure Al or Al-Si cladding alloys. Zr, however was selected as the barrier metal due to a concern for thermo-mechanical behavior of UMo/Nb interface observed from diffusion couples, and for ductile-to-brittle transition of Mo near room temperature.
C1 [Huang, K.; Kammerer, C. C.; Sohn, Y. H.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Keiser, D. D., Jr.] Idaho Natl Lab, Nucl Fuels & Mat Div, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
RP Huang, K (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Adv Mat Proc & Anal Ctr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM Yongho.Sohn@ucf.edu
RI Sohn, Yongho/A-8517-2010
OI Sohn, Yongho/0000-0003-3723-4743
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction
[NA-212]; National Nuclear Security Administration, under DOE-NE Idaho
Operations Office [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Nuclear Materials Threat Reduction (NA-212), National Nuclear Security
Administration, under DOE-NE Idaho Operations Office Contract
DE-AC07-05ID14517. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a
non-exclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the
published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S.
Government purposes.
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1547-7037
EI 1863-7345
J9 J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF
JI J. Phase Equilib. Diffus.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 35
IS 2
BP 146
EP 156
DI 10.1007/s11669-013-0270-x
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA AD2VL
UT WOS:000333093800005
ER
PT J
AU Ouerfelli, N
Das, D
Latrous, H
Ammar, M
Oliver, J
AF Ouerfelli, N.
Das, D.
Latrous, H.
Ammar, M.
Oliver, J.
TI Transport behaviour of the lanthanide Eu-152(III), Gd-153(III) and
Tm-170(III) and transplutonium element Es-254(III), Cm-244(III),
Am-241(III), Cf-249(III) and Bk-249(III) ions in aqueous solutions at
298 K
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Self-diffusion coefficient; Open end capillary method; Lanthanide and
actinide trivalent ions; Onsager law; Asymmetrical 3:1 electrolyte
ID SELF-DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS; TRIVALENT LANTHANIDE; WATER; BERKELIUM
AB Ionic self-diffusion coefficients (D) for trivalent radiotracers, lanthanide and actinide ions have been determined in concentrated aqueous solutions of supporting electrolytes of Gd(NO3)(3)-HNO3 or Nd(ClO3)(4)-HClO4 up to 1.5 mol L-1 at 298.15 K and pH 2.50 by the open-end capillary method. The data obtained in large range of concentrations, allow to derive the limiting value DA degrees, the validity of the Onsager limiting law and a more extended law. This study contributes to demonstrate similarities in transport and structure properties between 4f and 5f trivalent ions explained by a similar electronic configuration, ionic radius and hydration number. An empirical equation is suggested for predicting ionic hydration number with a good precision.
C1 [Ouerfelli, N.] Girls Coll Sci, Dept Chem, Dammam 31113, Saudi Arabia.
[Ouerfelli, N.; Latrous, H.; Ammar, M.] Univ Tunis El Manar, Lab Biophys & Technol Med, Inst Super Technol Med Tunis, Tunis 1006, Tunisia.
[Das, D.] Dinhata Coll, Dept Chem, Cooch Behar 736135, W Bengal, India.
[Oliver, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Das, D (reprint author), Dinhata Coll, Dept Chem, Cooch Behar 736135, W Bengal, India.
EM debu_nbu@rediffmail.com
RI Ouerfelli, Noureddine/F-4194-2011
OI Ouerfelli, Noureddine/0000-0002-8343-0510
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
EI 1588-2780
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 300
IS 1
BP 51
EP 55
DI 10.1007/s10967-014-2965-9
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AD3EW
UT WOS:000333122100009
ER
PT J
AU Kenney-Hunt, J
Lewandowski, A
Glenn, TC
Glenn, JL
Tsyusko, OV
O'Neill, RJ
Brown, J
Ramsdell, CM
Nguyen, Q
Phan, T
Shorter, KR
Dewey, MJ
Szalai, G
Vrana, PB
Felder, MR
AF Kenney-Hunt, Jane
Lewandowski, Adrienne
Glenn, Travis C.
Glenn, Julie L.
Tsyusko, Olga V.
O'Neill, Rachel J.
Brown, Judy
Ramsdell, Clifton M.
Quang Nguyen
Phan, Tony
Shorter, Kimberly R.
Dewey, Michael J.
Szalai, Gabor
Vrana, Paul B.
Felder, Michael R.
TI A genetic map of Peromyscus with chromosomal assignment of linkage
groups (a Peromyscus genetic map)
SO MAMMALIAN GENOME
LA English
DT Article
ID WHITE-FOOTED MICE; DEER MICE; FOOD RESTRICTION; MUS-MUSCULUS; MOUSE;
MANICULATUS; LEUCOPUS; BEHAVIOR; GENOME; RESPONSES
AB The rodent genus Peromyscus is the most numerous and species-rich mammalian group in North America. The naturally occurring diversity within this genus allows opportunities to investigate the genetic basis of adaptation, monogamy, behavioral and physiological phenotypes, growth control, genomic imprinting, and disease processes. Increased genomic resources including a high quality genetic map are needed to capitalize on these opportunities. We produced interspecific hybrids between the prairie deer mouse (P. maniculatus bairdii) and the oldfield mouse (P. polionotus) and scored meiotic recombination events in backcross progeny. A genetic map was constructed by genotyping of backcross progeny at 185 gene-based and 155 microsatellite markers representing all autosomes and the X-chromosome. Comparison of the constructed genetic map with the molecular maps of Mus and Rattus and consideration of previous results from interspecific reciprocal whole chromosome painting allowed most linkage groups to be unambiguously assigned to specific Peromyscus chromosomes. Based on genomic comparisons, this Peromyscus genetic map covers similar to 83 % of the Rattus genome and 79 % of the Mus genome. This map supports previous results that the Peromyscus genome is more similar to Rattus than Mus. For example, coverage of the 20 Rattus autosomes and the X-chromosome is accomplished with only 28 segments of the Peromyscus map, but coverage of the 19 Mus autosomes and the X-chromosome requires 40 chromosomal segments of the Peromyscus map. Furthermore, a single Peromyscus linkage group corresponds to about 91 % of the rat and only 76 % of the mouse X-chromosomes.
C1 [Kenney-Hunt, Jane; Lewandowski, Adrienne; Glenn, Julie L.; Ramsdell, Clifton M.; Shorter, Kimberly R.; Dewey, Michael J.; Szalai, Gabor; Vrana, Paul B.; Felder, Michael R.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci & Peromyscus Genet Stock Ctr, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Glenn, Travis C.; Glenn, Julie L.; Tsyusko, Olga V.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29801 USA.
[O'Neill, Rachel J.; Brown, Judy] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Quang Nguyen; Phan, Tony] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Biol Chem, Irvine, CA 92799 USA.
RP Vrana, PB (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci & Peromyscus Genet Stock Ctr, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM vranap@mailbox.sc.edu; mrfelder@mailbox.sc.edu
OI Tsyusko, Olga/0000-0001-8196-1062
FU NIH [GM069601, P40 OD010961]; NSF [0444165]
FX This work was supported primarily by NIH GM069601 (MJD, TG), and also by
NIH P40 OD010961 (MRF, GS) and NSF 0444165 (MRF, GS). We thank the
Colony Manager of the Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, Janet Crossland,
for invaluable help in breeding and record keeping of the animals. We
thank M. Peters, T. Tuberville, S. Lance, K. Jones, and A. McKee for
assistance in genotyping of microsatellite loci.
NR 55
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0938-8990
EI 1432-1777
J9 MAMM GENOME
JI Mamm. Genome
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 3-4
BP 160
EP 179
DI 10.1007/s00335-014-9500-8
PG 20
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
GA AD3ZC
UT WOS:000333184000007
PM 24445420
ER
PT J
AU Reiner, A
Isacoff, EY
AF Reiner, Andreas
Isacoff, Ehud Y.
TI Tethered ligands reveal glutamate receptor desensitization depends on
subunit occupancy
SO NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HETEROMERIC KAINATE RECEPTORS; MOSSY-FIBER SYNAPSES;
ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; SURFACE EXPRESSION; AMPA RECEPTORS; KA-2 SUBUNIT;
ION CHANNELS; GLUR6; MECHANISM; TRAFFICKING
AB Cell signaling is often mediated by the binding of multiple ligands to multisubunit receptors. The probabilistic nature and sometimes slow rate of binding encountered with diffusible ligands can impede attempts to determine how the ligand occupancy controls signaling in such protein complexes. We describe a solution to this problem that uses a photoswitched tethered ligand as a `ligand clamp' to induce rapid and stable binding and unbinding at defined subsets of subunits. We applied the approach to study gating in ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), ligand-gated ion channels that mediate excitatory neurotransmission and plasticity at glutamatergic synapses in the brain. We probed gating in two kainate-type iGluRs, GluK2 homotetramers and GluK2-GluK5 heterotetramers. Ultrafast (submillisecond) photoswitching of an azobenzene-based ligand on specific subunits provided a real-time measure of gating and revealed that partially occupied receptors can activate without desensitizing. The findings have implications for signaling by locally released and spillover glutamate.
C1 [Reiner, Andreas; Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Isacoff, Ehud Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Reiner, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, 229 Stanley Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ehud@berkeley.edu
RI Reiner, Andreas/E-4897-2011
OI Reiner, Andreas/0000-0003-0802-7278
FU US National Institutes of Health [2PN2EY018241, U24NS057631]; Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [RE 3101/1-1]
FX We thank J. Levitz for discussion, and we are grateful to K.M. Partin
(Colorado State University) and P.H. Seeburg (Max Planck Institute
Heidelberg) for the gift of clones as well as to D. Trauner
(Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen) for the gift of L-MAG-0 and
many stimulating discussions. This work was supported by grants to
E.Y.I. from the US National Institutes of Health (2PN2EY018241 and
U24NS057631) as well as a postdoctoral fellowship to A.R. from the
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG RE 3101/1-1).
NR 59
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 18
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1552-4450
EI 1552-4469
J9 NAT CHEM BIOL
JI Nat. Chem. Biol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 4
BP 273
EP +
DI 10.1038/NCHEMBIO.1458
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AD3UY
UT WOS:000333172900009
PM 24561661
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, M
de Respinis, M
Frei, H
AF Zhang, Miao
de Respinis, Moreno
Frei, Heinz
TI Time-resolved observations of water oxidation intermediates on a cobalt
oxide nanoparticle catalyst
SO NATURE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID OXYGEN-EVOLVING CATALYSTS; RESONANCE RAMAN; DEPENDENT ACTIVITY;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; DIOXYGEN ADDUCTS; SOLID-SOLUTIONS;
NEUTRAL PH; COMPLEXES; EVOLUTION
AB In any artificial photosynthetic system, the oxidation of water to molecular oxygen provides the electrons needed for the reduction of protons or carbon dioxide to a fuel. Understanding how this four-electron reaction works in detail is important for the development of improved robust catalysts made of Earth-abundant materials, like first-row transition-metal oxides. Here, using time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and under reaction conditions, we identify intermediates of water oxidation catalysed by an abundant metal-oxide catalyst, cobalt oxide (Co3O4). One intermediate is a surface superoxide (three-electron oxidation intermediate absorbing at 1,013 cm(-1)), whereas a second observed intermediate is attributed to an oxo Co(IV) site (one-electron oxidation intermediate absorbing at 840 cm(-1)). The temporal behaviour of the intermediates reveals that they belong to different catalytic sites. Knowledge of the structure and kinetics of surface intermediates will enable the design of improved metal-oxide materials for more efficient water oxidation catalysis.
C1 [Zhang, Miao; de Respinis, Moreno; Frei, Heinz] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zhang, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM hmfrei@lbl.gov
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Chemical, Geological and Biosciences of the US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical, Geological and Biosciences
of the US Department of Energy (contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231).
NR 57
TC 173
Z9 173
U1 35
U2 344
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1755-4330
EI 1755-4349
J9 NAT CHEM
JI Nat. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 4
BP 362
EP 367
DI 10.1038/NCHEM.1874
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AD6UH
UT WOS:000333396200028
PM 24651205
ER
PT J
AU Stewart, KD
Saenz, JA
Hogg, AM
Hughes, GO
Griffiths, RW
AF Stewart, K. D.
Saenz, J. A.
Hogg, A. Mcc
Hughes, G. O.
Griffiths, R. W.
TI Effect of topographic barriers on the rates of available potential
energy conversion of the oceans
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Meridional overturning circulation; Available potential energy; Surface
buoyancy forcing; Ocean energetics; Bottom topography
ID OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; WORLD OCEAN; ENERGETICS; SIMULATION; CYCLE;
MODEL
AB Determining the energy budget of the oceans requires evaluating the rates of available potential energy conversion in the circulation. Calculating these conversion rates depends upon the definition of an appropriate "reference'' state of the density field, but this definition is complicated in the oceans by the presence of bottom topography. The trapping of dense fluid by topographic barriers means that there are multiple definitions for the reference state. The approach taken in this paper is to examine the sensitivity of the available potential energy budget to several methods for defining the reference state. The first method makes allowances for restrictions imposed on the flow by topography, however it is computationally intensive. The second method is proposed as an inexpensive alternative to the first. These new methods are used to evaluate the energy budget of a model overturning circulation maintained by surface buoyancy forcing. The results are compared with those obtained from two existing methods; one which employs an adiabatic resorting procedure ignoring topography, and one which uses a reference profile developed from the horizontal average of the density field. In our model, the rates of available potential energy conversion are insensitive to the reference state definition providing the reference state is developed from an adiabatic resorting of the domain. These results suggest that any of the adiabatic resorting methods proposed here would be sufficient to evaluate the rates of energy conversion in the ocean. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Stewart, K. D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Saenz, J. A.; Hogg, A. Mcc; Hughes, G. O.; Griffiths, R. W.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Acton, ACT, Australia.
[Saenz, J. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Climate Ocean & Sea Ice Modeling Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Hogg, A. Mcc] Australian Natl Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Acton, ACT, Australia.
RP Stewart, KD (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM kialstewart@jhu.edu
RI Hogg, Andy/A-7553-2011; griffiths, ross/E-6121-2010; Hughes,
Graham/B-5960-2011; Stewart, Kial/P-6684-2016
OI Hogg, Andy/0000-0001-5898-7635; griffiths, ross/0000-0002-5291-1178;
Hughes, Graham/0000-0003-4925-8822; Stewart, Kial/0000-0002-9947-1958
FU Australian Research Council [DP1094542, DP120102744, FT120100842,
FT100100869]
FX We are grateful to Fabien Roquet and an anonymous referee for their
helpful comments that have improved this manuscript. This work was
funded by the Australian Research Council DP1094542 and DP120102744. AMH
and GOH were also supported by Australian Research Council Future
Fellowships FT120100842 and FT100100869, respectively. Numerical
computations were conducted using the National Facility of the
Australian National Computational Infrastructure.
NR 26
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 76
BP 31
EP 42
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2014.02.001
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA AD7QC
UT WOS:000333458000003
ER
PT J
AU Pristas, G
Gabani, S
Gazo, E
Komanicky, V
Orendac, M
You, H
AF Pristas, Gabriel
Gabani, Slavomir
Gazo, Emil
Komanicky, Vladimir
Orendac, Matus
You, Hoydoo
TI Influence of hydrostatic pressure on superconducting properties of
niobium thin film
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Superconductivity; Niobium; High pressure; Thin films
ID TRANSITION
AB We have studied superconducting properties of niobium thin films under hydrostatic pressures up to 3 GPa. The films with thickness of 100 nm were prepared in the high vacuum DC magnetron sputtering system (with critical temperature TC = 8.95 K at ambient pressure). The produced high quality films have been characterized using electrical resistivity and magnetization measurements, X-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscope imaging. We have observed increase of TC with increasing value of applied pressure (dTC/dp = 73 mK/GPa) up to 3 GPa. This observation is different to pressure effect observed on bulk sample of Nb. In this paper we are discussing the origin of this discrepancy. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pristas, Gabriel; Gabani, Slavomir; Gazo, Emil] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Ctr Low Temp Phys, Kosice 04001, Slovakia.
[Komanicky, Vladimir; Orendac, Matus] Safarik Univ, Fac Sci, Ctr Low Temp, Kosice SK-04154, Slovakia.
[You, Hoydoo] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Pristas, G (reprint author), Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Ctr Low Temp Phys, Watsonova 47, Kosice 04001, Slovakia.
RI You, Hoydoo/A-6201-2011; Orendac, Martin/H-4923-2016
OI You, Hoydoo/0000-0003-2996-9483;
FU CFNT MVEP - the Center of Excellence of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
[VEGA 2/0135/13, VEGA 1/0782/12, APVV 0036-11, APVV-VVCE 0058]; 7th FP
EU-Microkelvin; EU [ERDF-ITMS26220120047]; U.S. Steel Kosice, S.R.O.
FX This work has been supported by the project VEGA 2/0135/13, VEGA
1/0782/12, APVV 0036-11, APVV-VVCE 0058, CFNT MVEP - the Center of
Excellence of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 7th FP EU-Microkelvin and
the EU ERDF-ITMS26220120047. We would like to thank to Dominik Jenik for
help with AFM pictures analysis. The liquid nitrogen for the experiment
has been sponsored by the U.S. Steel Kosice, S.R.O.
NR 16
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 556
BP 470
EP 474
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.01.062
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AD2SO
UT WOS:000333085700075
ER
PT J
AU Platt, HAS
Li, YJ
Novak, JP
van Hest, MFAM
AF Platt, Heather A. S.
Li, Yunjun
Novak, James P.
van Hest, Maikel F. A. M.
TI Non-contact printed aluminum for metallization of Si photovoltaics
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Non-contact printing; Wafer silicon solar cell; Aluminum ink
ID SILICON SOLAR-CELLS; BACK-SURFACE FIELD
AB Aerosol jet printing is a contactless deposition technique that is ideally suited to depositing features on very thin and fragile substrates such as Si wafers. It can also be used to optimize device geometries including the Al back contact of a Si wafer solar cell quickly. A printable Al ink is required for this process, and we report lines and solar cells prepared with such a material. The resistivities of the printed Al lines approach bulk after appropriate sintering. Al lines printed on Si wafers have been heated over a wide temperature range of 550 to 800 degrees C to form low resistance contacts suitable for current extraction. Aerosol jet printed Al contacts to industrially produced 21 cm(2) polycrystalline Si solar cells performed on par with all screen printed contacts on similar cells. These promising results demonstrate the potential for non-contact printed Al to contribute to the fabrication of low-cost photovoltaic devices and modules. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Platt, Heather A. S.; van Hest, Maikel F. A. M.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Li, Yunjun; Novak, James P.] Appl Nanotech Inc, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
RP van Hest, MFAM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM maikel.van.hest@nrel.gov
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER85085]
FX The authors would like to thank the US Department of Energy for funding
this work under contract DE-FG02-08ER85085.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 556
BP 525
EP 528
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.01.060
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AD2SO
UT WOS:000333085700084
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, RN
Han, JG
Duan, YH
AF Zhao, Run-Ning
Han, Ju-Guang
Duan, Yuhua
TI Density Functional theory investigations on the geometrical and
electronic properties and growth patterns of Si-n (n=10-20) clusters
with bimetal Pd-2 impurities
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bimetal doping; Palladium; Silicon; Clusters; Growth-pattern geometry;
Stability; Density functional theory
ID PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; SILICON; STABILITIES; POTENTIALS; BEHAVIOR;
CAGE; BI
AB The geometrical and electronic properties and growth patterns of the bimetal Pd-2 doped Si-n (n = 10-20) clusters have been studied systematically by density functional theory. The growth-pattern behaviors, relative stabilities, and chemical bonding of these clusters are presented and discussed. The optimized geometries exhibit that the dominant growth patterns of Pd2Sin (n = 10-20) are based on the pentagonal prism PdSi10. The bimetal Pd-2 is doped on the opened cage-like silicon clusters (Si-n) with the range of size n = 10-15, while doped on bigger silicon clusters (Si-n, n = 16-20), the Pd-2 are completely encapsulated inside Si-n frames. The geometrical configurations of the encapsulated Pd-2 in the Si-n frames are varied due to the interactions between Pd-2 and Si-n frames. The calculated fragmentation energies reveal that the remarkable stable Pd2Sin clusters with n = 11, 13, 16, 18, and 20 are observed. Among all different-size clusters, the Pd-2-doped Si-16 is the most stable cluster. Particularly, the cage-like Pd2Si16 geometry is obviously distinct as compared to the single transition metal doped silicon cluster. Interestingly, the critical size of geometry transition is explored at n = 16. Natural population analysis manifests that the charge-transfer phenomena in the Pd-2-doped Si-n clusters are similar to those of the single TM doped silicon clusters. In addition, the Pd2Sin (n = 10, 13, 14, 16, and 17) isomers have enhanced chemical stabilities because of their larger gaps between the highest occupied orbital and the lowest unoccupied orbital. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhao, Run-Ning] Shanghai DianJi Univ, Inst Appl Math & Phys, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China.
[Han, Ju-Guang] Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230029, Peoples R China.
[Duan, Yuhua] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
RP Han, JG (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Hefei 230029, Peoples R China.
EM jghan@ustc.edu.cn
RI Duan, Yuhua/D-6072-2011
OI Duan, Yuhua/0000-0001-7447-0142
FU Chinese National Natural Science Fund [11179035, 10979048, 10875126];
973 fund of the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology
[2010CB934504]; Physical Electronics Disciplines [12XKJC01]; Innovation
Progrom of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission [14YZ164]
FX This work is supported by Chinese National Natural Science Fund
(11179035, 10979048, 10875126) and the 973 fund of the Chinese Ministry
of Science and Technology (2010CB934504) as well as Physical Electronics
Disciplines (No: 12XKJC01) and Innovation Progrom of Shanghai Municipal
Education Commission (14YZ164). The computational work of this paper
performed partly on the Supercomputing Center of University of Science
and Technology of China.
NR 33
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 4
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 556
BP 571
EP 579
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.02.019
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AD2SO
UT WOS:000333085700092
ER
PT J
AU Tong, ZX
Fu, PC
Zhou, SP
Dafalias, YF
AF Tong, Zhaoxia
Fu, Pengcheng
Zhou, Shaopeng
Dafalias, Yannis F.
TI Experimental investigation of shear strength of sands with inherent
fabric anisotropy
SO ACTA GEOTECHNICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Anisotropic strength; Direct shear test; Fabric anisotropy; Sand
strength; Shear strength
ID GRANULAR-MATERIALS; BEARING CAPACITY; SOILS; MODEL; PARTICLES;
STABILITY; BEHAVIOR; TESTS
AB Loading direction-dependent strength of sand has been traditionally characterized in the principal stress space as a direct extension of the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. A recent study found that it is more appropriate to define anisotropic strength of sand on failure/shear planes, but this proposition has only been demonstrated with discrete element method (DEM) simulations. The present study experimentally investigates anisotropic shear strength of sands in this new framework. Three granular materials with distinct grain characteristics ranging from smooth and rounded particles to flaky and angular particles are tested with the bedding plane inclination angle psi (b) varying over the full range of 0A degrees-180A degrees. The main objective is to study how the peak friction angle I center dot (p) of sand is affected by the psi (b) angle and how the psi (b)-I center dot (p) relationship evolves with the change of characteristics of constituent sand particles. We find that the general trend of psi (b)-I center dot (p) curves for real sands resembles what was predicted by DEM in a previous study, whereas rich anisotropic strength behavior is revealed by the laboratory data. The effects of normal stress and initial density, as well as shear dilation behavior at different shear directions, are also studied.
C1 [Tong, Zhaoxia; Zhou, Shaopeng] Beihang Univ, Sch Transportat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
[Fu, Pengcheng] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Dafalias, Yannis F.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Dafalias, Yannis F.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Dept Mech, Sch Appl Math & Phys Sci, GR-15773 Athens, Greece.
RP Fu, PC (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM tongzx@buaa.edu.cn; fu4@llnl.gov; zhoushaoepng1987@163.com;
jfdafalias@ucdavis.edu
RI Fu, Pengcheng/D-7483-2012
OI Fu, Pengcheng/0000-0002-7408-3350
FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2014CB047006];
Beijing Natural Science Foundation [8133053]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [10902005, 51079075]; U.S. Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344,
LLNL-JRNL-564293]; European Research Council under the European Union's
Seventh Framework Program [290963]; US NSF [CMMI-1162096]
FX This work was made possible through extensive international
collaboration. The laboratory work was performed by Tong and Zhou at
Beihang University, supported by National Basic Research Program of
China (973 Program) (contract number 2014CB047006), Beijing Natural
Science Foundation (contract number 8133053) and the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (contract number 10902005 and 51079075).
Fu's work was partly performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department
of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344 (LLNL release number: LLNL-JRNL-564293). Y. F.
Dafalias acknowledges support by the European Research Council under the
European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC IDEAS
Advanced Grant Agreement No. 290963 (SOMEF) and partial support by the
US NSF project CMMI-1162096.
NR 39
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 31
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1861-1125
EI 1861-1133
J9 ACTA GEOTECH
JI Acta Geotech.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 2
BP 257
EP 275
DI 10.1007/s11440-014-0303-6
PG 19
WC Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA AD3GL
UT WOS:000333126200006
ER
PT J
AU Parra-Vasquez, ANG
Duque, JG
Green, MJ
Pasquali, M
AF Parra-Vasquez, A. Nicholas G.
Duque, Juan G.
Green, Micah J.
Pasquali, Matteo
TI Assessment of length and bundle distribution of dilute single-walled
carbon nanotubes by viscosity measurements
SO AICHE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon nanotubes; atomic force microscopy; shear thinning;
polydispersity; rheology
ID DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; HIPCO PROCESS; IN-VITRO; FILMS; TRANSPARENT;
SUSPENSIONS; DISPERSION; FLUORESCENCE; AGGREGATION; PARTICLES
AB Rheological measurements have long been an invaluable technique in studying mechanical and structural properties of polymers. Measurements on dilute, noninteracting polymer solutions allow the determination of macromolecular structural information, such as molecular weight. This analysis has been complicated by molecular polydispersity; thus, average effects are more commonly reported. Here, we demonstrate polydispersity characterization for rod-like polymers like single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). By extending the theory of the rheological behavior of rigid rods, we determine the distribution of length and bundle size in suspensions of SWCNTs by a simple rheological method. The method is based on measuring the viscosity of dilute suspended SWCNTs over a shear rate range spanning the Newtonian and shear-thinning regimes. We show that a log-normal distribution in length with minimal bundling accurately describes the viscosity measurements. This rapid new method yields the SWCNT length distribution while relying on bulk samples, which are less prone to artifacts. (c) 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 1499-1508, 2014
C1 [Parra-Vasquez, A. Nicholas G.; Duque, Juan G.; Green, Micah J.; Pasquali, Matteo] Rice Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Parra-Vasquez, A. Nicholas G.; Duque, Juan G.; Green, Micah J.; Pasquali, Matteo] Rice Univ, Richard E Smalley Inst Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Parra-Vasquez, A. Nicholas G.; Duque, Juan G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Green, Micah J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Pasquali, Matteo] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Pasquali, Matteo] Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci & NanoEngn, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
RP Pasquali, M (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
EM mp@rice.edu
RI Pasquali, Matteo/A-2489-2008; Green, Micah/C-7647-2011
OI Pasquali, Matteo/0000-0001-5951-395X; Green, Micah/0000-0001-5691-0861
FU AFOSR Grants [FA9550-06-1-0207, FA9550-09-1-0590]; Robert A. Welch
Foundation Grant [C-1668]; Evans-Attwell Welch Postdoctoral Fellowship
FX We acknowledge J.A. Fagan at NIST, Gaithersburg, MD, for providing
nanotube samples for measurement. We wish to acknowledge funding from
AFOSR Grants FA9550-06-1-0207 and FA9550-09-1-0590, the Robert A. Welch
Foundation Grant C-1668, and the Evans-Attwell Welch Postdoctoral
Fellowship. We thank Stephen Doorn of LANL for access to Raman
instrumentation.
NR 60
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 38
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0001-1541
EI 1547-5905
J9 AICHE J
JI AICHE J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 60
IS 4
BP 1499
EP 1508
DI 10.1002/aic.14325
PG 10
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA AC5YH
UT WOS:000332596400027
ER
PT J
AU Welsh, A
Chee-Sanford, JC
Connor, LM
Loffler, FE
Sanford, RA
AF Welsh, Allana
Chee-Sanford, Joanne C.
Connor, Lynn M.
Loeffler, Frank E.
Sanford, Robert A.
TI Refined NrfA Phylogeny Improves PCR-Based nrfA Gene Detection
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID C NITRITE REDUCTASE; DISSIMILATORY NITRATE REDUCTION; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE
ALIGNMENT; NOV SP-NOV; NITROGEN-CYCLE; WOLINELLA-SUCCINOGENES;
CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CYTOCHROME; EVOLUTION
AB Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and denitrification are contrasting microbial processes in the terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycle, in that the former promotes N retention and the latter leads to N loss (i.e., the formation of gaseous products). The nitrite reductase NrfA catalyzes nitrite reduction to ammonium, the enzyme associated with respiratory nitrite ammonification and the key step in DNRA. Although well studied biochemically, the diversity and phylogeny of this enzyme had not been rigorously analyzed. A phylogenetic analysis of 272 full-length NrfA protein sequences distinguished 18 NrfA clades with robust statistical support (>90% Bayesian posterior probabilities). Three clades possessed a CXXCH motif in the first heme-binding domain, whereas all other clades had a CXXCK motif in this location. The analysis further identified a KXRH or KXQH motif between the third and fourth heme-binding motifs as a conserved and diagnostic feature of all pentaheme NrfA proteins. PCR primers targeting a portion of the heme-binding motifs that flank this diagnostic region yielded the expected 250-bp-long amplicons with template DNA from eight pure cultures and 16 new nrfA-containing isolates. nrfA amplicons obtained with template DNA from two geomorphically distinct agricultural soils could be assigned to one of the 18 NrfA clades, providing support for this expanded classification. The extended NrfA phylogeny revealed novel diagnostic features of DNRA populations and will be useful to assess nitrate/nitrite fate in natural and engineered ecosystems.
C1 [Welsh, Allana; Chee-Sanford, Joanne C.; Sanford, Robert A.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Chee-Sanford, Joanne C.; Connor, Lynn M.] USDA ARS, Urbana, IL USA.
[Loeffler, Frank E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Loeffler, Frank E.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.
[Loeffler, Frank E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Loeffler, Frank E.] Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Loeffler, Frank E.] JIBS, Oak Ridge Natl Lab UT ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Loeffler, Frank E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Welsh, A (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM welsh@illinois.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, Genomic Science Program [DE-SC0006662]; USDA-ARS CRIS
[3611-12220-008-00D]
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, Genomic Science Program, award
DE-SC0006662, and USDA-ARS CRIS Project 3611-12220-008-00D.
NR 75
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 5
U2 58
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 7
BP 2110
EP 2119
DI 10.1128/AEM.03443-13
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA AC9FV
UT WOS:000332840700008
PM 24463965
ER
PT J
AU Men, YJ
Seth, EC
Yi, S
Allen, RH
Taga, ME
Alvarez-Cohen, L
AF Men, Yujie
Seth, Erica C.
Yi, Shan
Allen, Robert H.
Taga, Michiko E.
Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa
TI Sustainable Growth of Dehalococcoides mccartyi 195 by Corrinoid
Salvaging and Remodeling in Defined Lactate-Fermenting Consortia
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DESULFOVIBRIO-VULGARIS HILDENBOROUGH; ETHENOGENES STRAIN 195;
TRANSCRIPTOMIC MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; EUBACTERIUM-LIMOSUM;
ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA; 5,6-DIMETHYLBENZIMIDAZOLE MOIETY;
CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; ENRICHMENT CULTURE; GENOME SEQUENCE;
SPOROMUSA-OVATA
AB Corrinoids are essential cofactors of reductive dehalogenases in Dehalococcoides mccartyi, an important bacterium in bioremediation, yet sequenced D. mccartyi strains do not possess the complete pathway for de novo corrinoid biosynthesis. Pelosinus sp. and Desulfovibrio sp. have been detected in dechlorinating communities enriched from contaminated groundwater without exogenous cobalamin corrinoid. To investigate the corrinoid-related interactions among key members of these communities, we constructed consortia by growing D. mccartyi strain 195 (Dhc195) in cobalamin-free, trichloroethene (TCE)- and lactate-amended medium in cocultures with Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH) or Pelosinus fermentans R7 (PfR7) and with both in tricultures. Only the triculture exhibited sustainable dechlorination and cell growth when a physiological level of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMB), the lower ligand of cobalamin, was provided. In the triculture, DvH provided hydrogen while PfR7 provided corrinoids to Dhc195, and the initiation of dechlorination and Dhc195 cell growth was highly dependent on the growth of PfR7. Corrinoid analysis indicated that Dhc195 imported and remodeled the phenolic corrinoids produced by PfR7 into cobalamin in the presence of DMB. Transcriptomic analyses of Dhc195 showed the induction of the CbiZ-dependent corrinoid-remodeling pathway and BtuFCD corrinoid ABC transporter genes during corrinoid salvaging and remodeling. In contrast, another operon annotated to encode a putative iron/cobalamin ABC transporter (DET1174-DET1176) was induced when cobalamin was exogenously provided. Interestingly, a global upregulation of phage-related genes was observed when PfR7 was present. These findings provide insights into both the gene regulation of corrinoid salvaging and remodeling in Dhc195 when it is grown without exogenous cobalamin and microbe-to-microbe interactions in dechlorinating microbial communities.
C1 [Men, Yujie; Yi, Shan; Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Seth, Erica C.; Taga, Michiko E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Allen, Robert H.] Univ Colorado, Dept Med, Div Hematol, Aurora, CO USA.
[Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Alvarez-Cohen, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM alvarez@ce.berkeley.edu
RI Yi, Shan/I-4589-2012
OI Yi, Shan/0000-0003-1371-0418
FU NIEHS [P42ES004705]
FX This research was supported by NIEHS Superfund project P42ES004705.
NR 51
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 9
U2 44
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 7
BP 2133
EP 2141
DI 10.1128/AEM.03477-13
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA AC9FV
UT WOS:000332840700011
PM 24463969
ER
PT J
AU Erbilgin, O
McDonald, KL
Kerfeld, CA
AF Erbilgin, Onur
McDonald, Kent L.
Kerfeld, Cheryl A.
TI Characterization of a Planctomycetal Organelle: a Novel Bacterial
Microcompartment for the Aerobic Degradation of Plant Saccharides
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID B-12-DEPENDENT 1,2-PROPANEDIOL DEGRADATION; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT;
SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM LT2; L-RHAMNOSE PATHWAY; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA;
CARBOXYSOME SHELL; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; L-FUCOSE; ETHANOLAMINE UTILIZATION;
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS
AB Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are organelles that encapsulate functionally linked enzymes within a proteinaceous shell. The prototypical example is the carboxysome, which functions in carbon fixation in cyanobacteria and some chemoautotrophs. It is increasingly apparent that diverse heterotrophic bacteria contain BMCs that are involved in catabolic reactions, and many of the BMCs are predicted to have novel functions. However, most of these putative organelles have not been experimentally characterized. In this study, we sought to discover the function of a conserved BMC gene cluster encoded in the majority of the sequenced planctomycete genomes. This BMC is especially notable for its relatively simple genetic composition, its remote phylogenetic position relative to characterized BMCs, and its apparent exclusivity to the enigmatic Verrucomicrobia and Planctomycetes. Members of the phylum Planctomycetes are known for their morphological dissimilarity to the rest of the bacterial domain: internal membranes, reproduction by budding, and lack of peptidoglycan. As a result, they are ripe for many discoveries, but currently the tools for genetic studies are very limited. We expanded the genetic toolbox for the planctomycetes and generated directed gene knockouts of BMC-related genes in Planctomyces limnophilus. A metabolic activity screen revealed that BMC gene products are involved in the degradation of a number of plant and algal cell wall sugars. Among these sugars, we confirmed that BMCs are formed and required for growth on L-fucose and L-rhamnose. Our results shed light on the functional diversity of BMCs as well as their ecological role in the planctomycetes, which are commonly associated with algae.
C1 [Erbilgin, Onur; Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[McDonald, Kent L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Robert D Ogg Electron Microscope Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
[McDonald, Kent L.] Michigan State Univ, DOE Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Kerfeld, Cheryl A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Kerfeld, CA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ckerfeld@lbl.gov
OI erbilgin, onur/0000-0002-6122-6156
FU NSF [EF1105892]
FX This work was supported by the NSF (EF1105892).
NR 89
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 7
U2 41
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 7
BP 2193
EP 2205
DI 10.1128/AEM.03887-13
PG 13
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA AC9FV
UT WOS:000332840700018
PM 24487526
ER
PT J
AU Fletcher, DE
Lindell, AH
Stillings, GK
Mills, GL
Blas, SA
McArthur, JV
AF Fletcher, Dean E.
Lindell, Angela H.
Stillings, Garrett K.
Mills, Gary L.
Blas, Susan A.
McArthur, J. Vaun
TI Variation in Trace-Element Accumulation in Predatory Fishes from a
Stream Contaminated by Coal Combustion Waste
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ASH SETTLING BASIN; MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS; METAL CONCENTRATIONS;
CORBICULA-FLUMINEA; POLLUTION GRADIENT; ORAL DEFORMITIES; LARGEMOUTH
BASS; UNITED-STATES; POWER-PLANT; FOOD-WEB
AB Extensive and critical evaluation can be required to assess contaminant bioaccumulation in large predatory fishes. Species differences in habitat use, resource use, and trophic level, often influenced by body form, can result in diverging contaminant bioaccumulation patterns. Moreover, the broad size ranges inherent with large-bodied fish provide opportunity for trophic and habitat shifts within species that can further influence contaminant exposure. We compared contaminant bioaccumulation in four fish species, as well as two herbivorous invertebrates, from a coal combustion waste contaminated stream. Muscle, liver, and gonad tissue were analyzed from fish stratified across the broadest size ranges available. Effects of trophic position (delta N-15), carbon sources (delta C-13), and body size varied among and within species. Mercury and cesium concentrations were lowest in the invertebrates and increased with trophic level both among and within fish species. Other elements, such as vanadium, cadmium, barium, nickel, and lead, had greater levels in herbivorous invertebrates than in fish muscle. Sequestration by the fish livers averted accumulation in muscle. Consequently, fish liver tissue appeared to be a more sensitive indicator of bioavailability, but exceptions existed. Despite liver sequestration, within fishes, muscle concentrations of many elements still tended to increase by trophic level. Notable variation within some species was observed. These results illustrate the utility of stable isotope data in exploring differences of bioaccumulation within taxa. Our analyses suggest a need for further evaluation of the underlying sources of this variability to better understand contaminant bioaccumulation in large predatory fishes.
C1 [Fletcher, Dean E.; Lindell, Angela H.; Stillings, Garrett K.; Mills, Gary L.; McArthur, J. Vaun] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
[Blas, Susan A.] Savannah River Nucl Solut, Area Complet Projects, Aiken, SC 29808 USA.
RP Fletcher, DE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
EM fletcher@srel.uga.edu
FU Area Completion Projects-SRNS; Department of Energy [DE-FC09-07SR22506]
FX Funding was provided by the Area Completion Projects-SRNS. This work was
also supported by the Department of Energy with the patient under Award
Number DE-FC09-07SR22506 to the University of Georgia Research
Foundation. We thank Gary Meffe for insightful comments that improved
this manuscript and David Kling, Cynthia Tant, Beryl Walker, and
Chandler Tuckfield for field and laboratory assistance, Tracye Murphy
and John Seaman for trace element analysis, and Tom Maddox for SIA. The
views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state
or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
NR 62
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 41
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
EI 1432-0703
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 66
IS 3
BP 341
EP 360
DI 10.1007/s00244-013-9984-3
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AC8MP
UT WOS:000332787500003
PM 24384693
ER
PT J
AU Gallant, MA
Brown, DM
Hammond, M
Wallace, JM
Du, J
Deymier-Black, AC
Almer, JD
Stock, SR
Allen, MR
Burr, DB
AF Gallant, Maxime A.
Brown, Drew M.
Hammond, Max
Wallace, Joseph M.
Du, Jiang
Deymier-Black, Alix C.
Almer, Jonathan D.
Stock, Stuart R.
Allen, Matthew R.
Burr, David B.
TI Bone cell-independent benefits of raloxifene on the skeleton: A novel
mechanism for improving bone material properties
SO BONE
LA English
DT Article
DE Raloxifene; Mechanical testing; Toughness; Water
ID ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR MODULATORS; HUMAN CORTICAL BONE; IN-VITRO;
POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; TOUGHNESS; STRENGTH; COLLAGEN; WATER;
OSTEOPOROSIS; APOPTOSIS
AB Raloxifene is an FDA approved agent used to treat bone loss and decrease fracture risk. In clinical trials and animal studies, raloxifene reduces fracture risk and improves bone mechanical properties, but the mechanisms of action remain unclear because these benefits occur largely independent of changes to bone mass. Using a novel experimental approach, machined bone beams, both from mature male canine and human male donors, were depleted of living cells and then exposed to raloxifene ex vivo. Our data show that ex vivo exposure of non-viable bone to raloxifene improves intrinsic toughness, both in canine and human cortical bone beams tested by 4-point bending. These effects are cell-independent and appear to be mediated by an increase in matrix bound water, assessed using basic gravimetric weighing and sophisticated ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging. The hydroxyl groups (-OH) on raloxifene were shown to be important in both the water and toughness increases. Wide and small angle X-ray scattering patterns during 4-pt bending show that raloxifene alters the transfer of load between the collagen matrix and the mineral crystals, placing lower strains on the mineral, and allowing greater overall deformation prior to failure. Collectively, these findings provide a possible mechanistic explanation for the therapeutic effect of raloxifene and more importantly identify a cell-independent mechanism that can be utilized for novel pharmacological approaches for enhancing bone strength. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gallant, Maxime A.; Brown, Drew M.; Allen, Matthew R.; Burr, David B.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Hammond, Max] Purdue Univ, Weldon Sch Biomed Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Wallace, Joseph M.; Burr, David B.] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Du, Jiang] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Radiol, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Deymier-Black, Alix C.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Almer, Jonathan D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Stock, Stuart R.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Biol Chem, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
RP Burr, DB (reprint author), Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, 635 Barnhill Dr,MS-5035, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
EM dburr@iupui.edu
RI Du, jiang/J-8286-2014; Wallace, Joseph/G-7906-2012;
OI Du, jiang/0000-0002-9203-2450; Hammond, Max/0000-0003-2103-7884
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH1135]; NIH
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Paul K. Hansma (Department of
Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara), for suggesting the
soaking technique and Dr. John Okasinski, Advanced Photon Source, for
helping collect the WAXS data. Raloxifene was kindly provided by Eli
Lilly (Indianapolis, IN, USA) under a Material Transfer Agreement to
D.B.B. Eli Lilly was not involved in the study design, analyses or
interpretation of the results. We are grateful to Dr. Susan J. Gunst for
sharing dog tissue. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by
the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work was supported
by NIH grants to D.B.B. and M.R.A.
NR 37
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U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 8756-3282
EI 1873-2763
J9 BONE
JI Bone
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 61
BP 191
EP 200
DI 10.1016/j.bone.2014.01.009
PG 10
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA AC8WL
UT WOS:000332815700025
PM 24468719
ER
PT J
AU Yazdanpanah, F
Sokhansanj, S
Lim, J
Lau, A
Bi, XT
Lam, PY
Melin, S
AF Yazdanpanah, Fahimeh
Sokhansanj, Shahab
Lim, Jim
Lau, Anthony
Bi, Xiaotao
Lam, Pak Yiu
Melin, Staffan
TI Potential for Flammability of Gases Emitted From Stored Wood Pellets
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE wood pellet; storage; off-gassing; storage temperature; moisture
content; flammability
ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; OXYGEN DEPLETION; EMISSIONS; STORAGE; TRANSPORTATION;
HEADSPACE
AB Previous measurements have shown that freshly made wood pellets continued to emit flammable gases such as CO, H-2 and CH4 during storage and handling. The research reported in this paper examines whether the concentration of these emitted gases and the available oxygen within enclosed wood pellet spaces can reach flammable levels. Glass jars filled to 75% volume with pellets were sealed and placed in controlled environments at 25, 40 and 60 degrees C for a period of 9 weeks. Each batch of the stored pellet had a moisture content of 4%, 9%, 15%, 35% or 50% (wet mass basis). The concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), oxygen (O-2), nitrogen (N-2) and hydrogen (H-2) were determined using gas chromatography. The flammability of the gas mixtures in the container headspace was calculated using ISO 10156 Standard Gases and gas mixturesDetermination of fire and oxidizing ability for selection of cylinder valve outlets.' It was concluded that the composition of the gas mixture does not reach flammable concentrations under all experimental conditions.
C1 [Yazdanpanah, Fahimeh; Sokhansanj, Shahab; Lim, Jim; Lau, Anthony; Bi, Xiaotao; Lam, Pak Yiu; Melin, Staffan] Univ British Columbia, Chem & Biol Engn Dept, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
[Sokhansanj, Shahab] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Melin, Staffan] Delta Res Corp, Delta, BC, Canada.
RP Yazdanpanah, F (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Chem & Biol Engn Dept, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
EM fyazdanpanah@chbe.ubc.ca
RI Lau, Anthony/J-8519-2015
FU Wood pellet Association of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada
FX This research was funded in parts by the Wood pellet Association of
Canada, and by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada. Pellets were provided by Pinnacle Renewable Energy Group, Inc.,
Vancouver, BC, Canada.
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 6
U2 21
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0008-4034
EI 1939-019X
J9 CAN J CHEM ENG
JI Can. J. Chem. Eng.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 92
IS 4
BP 603
EP 609
DI 10.1002/cjce.21909
PG 7
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA AC4PQ
UT WOS:000332503600003
ER
PT J
AU Tomasi, D
Volkow, ND
AF Tomasi, Dardo
Volkow, Nora D.
TI Functional Connectivity of Substantia Nigra and Ventral Tegmental Area:
Maturation During Adolescence and Effects of ADHD
SO CEREBRAL CORTEX
LA English
DT Article
DE addiction; attention-deficit; hyperactivity disorder; connectivity;
dopamine; maturation
ID DEFAULT MODE NETWORK; DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER;
INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; DOPAMINE; ATTENTION; FMRI;
ACTIVATION; CHILDREN; METHYLPHENIDATE
AB Dopaminergic (DArgic) pathways play crucial roles in brain function and their disruption is implicated in various neuropsychiatric diseases. Here, we demonstrate in 402 healthy children/adolescents (12 3 years) and 704 healthy young adults (23 5 years) that the functional connectivity of DA pathways matures significantly from childhood to adulthood and is different for healthy children and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; N 203; 12 3 years). This transition is characterized by age-related increases in the functional connectivity of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) with limbic regions and with the default mode network and by decreases in the connectivity of the substantia nigra (SN) with motor and medial temporal cortices. The changes from a predominant influence of SN in childhood/adolescence to a combined influence of SN and VTA in young adulthood might explain the increased vulnerability to psychiatric disorders, such as ADHD, early in life. We also show that VTA and SN connectivity networks were highly reproducible, which highlights their potential value as biomarkers for evaluating DArgic dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders.
C1 [Tomasi, Dardo; Volkow, Nora D.] NIAAA, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Tomasi, Dardo; Volkow, Nora D.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lab Neuroimaging LNI NIAAA, Dept Med, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Volkow, Nora D.] NIA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Tomasi, D (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Lab Neuroimaging LNI NIAAA, Dept Med, Bldg 490,30 Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM tomasi@bnl.gov
RI Tomasi, Dardo/J-2127-2015
FU National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [2RO1AA09481]
FX This work was accomplished with support from the National Institute on
Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (2RO1AA09481).
NR 48
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U1 1
U2 16
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1047-3211
EI 1460-2199
J9 CEREB CORTEX
JI Cereb. Cortex
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 4
BP 935
EP 944
DI 10.1093/cercor/bhs382
PG 10
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA AD2FC
UT WOS:000333048200008
PM 23242198
ER
PT J
AU Karewar, SV
Gupta, N
Caro, A
Srinivasan, SG
AF Karewar, S. V.
Gupta, N.
Caro, A.
Srinivasan, S. G.
TI A concentration dependent embedded atom method potential for the Mg-Li
system
SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Interatomic potentials; CD-EAM; Atomistic simulations; Molecular
dynamics; Phase diagram
ID MAGNESIUM SOLID SOLUTIONS; INTERATOMIC POTENTIALS; ELASTIC-CONSTANTS;
ENERGY CALCULATIONS; ALLOYS; LITHIUM; METALS; ALUMINUM; MODEL; AL
AB We have developed a thermodynamically and mechanically reliable concentration dependent embedded atom method interatomic potential for the Mg-Li system using first principles and experimental inputs. Pure elemental potentials from first principles theory and heat of mixing from the experiments are the inputs to the cross pair interaction. This simple potential is able to predict various properties of the Mg-Li alloy such as lattice parameter, heat of mixing, stacking fault energy and bulk modulus as a function of composition and temperature, in good agreement with literature data. Most importantly, it can reproduce experimental Mg-Li phase diagram. We demonstrate its transferability for thermal and mechanical behavior studies across entire concentration range in large-scale atomistic simulations. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Karewar, S. V.; Gupta, N.; Srinivasan, S. G.] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Caro, A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Srinivasan, SG (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
EM srinivasan.srivilliputhur@unt.edu
FU National Science Foundation [0846444]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences through the Center for
Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier
Research Center [2008LANL1026]
FX SVK and SGS acknowledge the funding by National Science Foundation Grant
0846444. AC acknowledges partial financial support by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
under Award No. 2008LANL1026 through the Center for Materials at
Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes, an Energy Frontier Research Center.
We would like to acknowledge the useful discussions with Liang Zhang
(MIT, USA), Alberto Fraile (INF, Spain), Dr. Enrique Martinez (LANL,
USA) and Dr. Priya Gopal (UNT, USA).
NR 41
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U1 5
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0256
EI 1879-0801
J9 COMP MATER SCI
JI Comput. Mater. Sci.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 85
BP 172
EP 178
DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2013.12.037
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA AB3XR
UT WOS:000331724000023
ER
PT J
AU Gerboth, M
Setyawan, W
Henager, CH
AF Gerboth, Matthew
Setyawan, Wahyu
Henager, Charles H., Jr.
TI Displacement threshold energy and recovery in an Al-Ti nanolayered
system with intrinsic point defect partitioning
SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Radiation damage; Nanostructured multilayers; Displacement threshold
energy; Pseudo-random direction
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS;
NANOSTRUCTURED FERRITIC ALLOY; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; RADIATION-DAMAGE;
ION-IRRADIATION; HELIUM; HE; COMPOSITES; MULTILAYERS
AB A method is established and validated using molecular dynamics (MD) to determine the displacement threshold energies as E-d in nanolayered, multilayered systems of dissimilar metals. The method is applied to specifically oriented nanolayered films of Al-Ti where the crystal structure and interface orientations are varied in atomic models and E-d is calculated. Methods for defect detection are developed and discussed based on prior research in the literature and based on specific crystallographic directions available in the nanolayered systems. These are compared and contrasted to similar calculations in corresponding bulk materials, including fcc Al, fcc Ti, hcp Al, and hcp Ti. In all cases, the calculated E-d in the multilayers are intermediate to the corresponding bulk values but exhibit some important directionality. In the nanolayer, defect detection demonstrated systematic differences in the behavior of E-d in each layer. Importantly, collision cascade damage exhibits significant defect partitioning within the Al and Ti layers that is hypothesized to be an intrinsic property of dissimilar nanolayered systems. This type of partitioning could be partly responsible for observed asymmetric radiation damage responses in many multilayered systems. In addition, a pseudo-random direction was introduced to approximate the average Ed without performing numerous simulations with random directions. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Gerboth, Matthew; Setyawan, Wahyu; Henager, Charles H., Jr.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Setyawan, W (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM wahyu.setyawan@pnnl.gov
OI Henager, Chuck/0000-0002-8600-6803
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) [BRCALL08-Per4-E-1-0062];
Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
FX This research was supported by the award BRCALL08-Per4-E-1-0062 from
Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). A portion of this research was
performed using Olympus supercomputer at EMSL (#44724), a national
scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office
of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0256
EI 1879-0801
J9 COMP MATER SCI
JI Comput. Mater. Sci.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 85
BP 269
EP 279
DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2014.01.008
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA AB3XR
UT WOS:000331724000037
ER
PT J
AU Hu, XH
Sun, X
Golovashchenko, SF
AF Hu, X. H.
Sun, X.
Golovashchenko, S. F.
TI Predicting tensile stretchability of trimmed AA6111-T4 sheets
SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Trimming; Stretchability; Finite element simulations; Aluminum alloys;
Edge cracking; Material inhomogeneity
ID ALUMINUM EXTRUSIONS; STRAIN LOCALIZATION; DUCTILE FRACTURE; HOLE
EXPANSION; EDGE CRACKING; DUAL-PHASE; FAILURE; SIMULATION; BEHAVIOR;
STEELS
AB An integrated manufacturing process simulation framework has been developed to predict the trimmed edge tensile stretchability of AA6111-T4 sheets by incorporating the burr geometry, damage, and plastic strain from trimming simulations into subsequent tensile stretchability simulations. The influence of the trimming die clearances on the predicted tensile stretching ductility (stretchability) is studied and quantitatively compared with experimental measurements. Stretchability is found to decrease with increasing cutting clearances, and simulation results have successfully captured experimentally observed edge crack initiation and failure mode variations for different trimming clearances. Subsequent computational sensitivity studies reveal that while deburring of previously trimmed edges has little influence on tensile stretchability, removal of trimmed edge initial plastic strain may significantly enhance the subsequent trimmed edge stretchability. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hu, X. H.; Sun, X.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Golovashchenko, S. F.] Ford Res & Adv Engn, Sci Res Lab, Mfg & Proc Dept, Dearborn, MI 48124 USA.
RP Hu, XH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM Xiaohua.hu@pnnl.gov
RI Hu, Xiaohua/J-6519-2012
OI Hu, Xiaohua/0000-0002-7735-5091
FU US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; DOE's Office of
FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies under the Automotive Lightweighting
Materials Program
FX Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial
Institute for the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No.
DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was partially funded by the DOE's Office of
FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies under the Automotive Lightweighting
Materials Program managed by Mr. William Joost.
NR 40
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U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0256
EI 1879-0801
J9 COMP MATER SCI
JI Comput. Mater. Sci.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 85
BP 409
EP 419
DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2014.01.015
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA AB3XR
UT WOS:000331724000050
ER
PT J
AU Versino, D
Mourad, HM
Williams, TO
AF Versino, Daniele
Mourad, Hashem M.
Williams, Todd O.
TI A global-local discontinuous Galerkin shell finite element for
small-deformation analysis of multi-layered composites
SO COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Laminated composites; Structural dynamics; Global local shell theory;
Discontinuous Galerkin methods; Finite element analysis
ID ONE-POINT QUADRATURE; OPTIMAL SOLID SHELLS; PLATE THEORIES; THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK; REDUCED INTEGRATION; UNIFIED FORMULATION; CYLINDRICAL-SHELLS;
STRAIN FORMULATION; INCOMPATIBLE MODES; NONLINEAR ANALYSES
AB This paper focuses on the development of a global local doubly-curved shell element, suitable for small-deformation implicit and/or explicit dynamic analysis of laminated composite structures. The global local framework is based on the superposition of a global displacement field, spanning the thickness of the entire laminate, and local (layerwise) displacement fields associated with each layer of the laminate. This approach affords highly-resolved representations in regions of critical interest, and allows a smooth transition from higher to lower resolution zones. Continuity between adjacent layers is enforced by means of discontinuous Galerkin fluxes. Parasitic phenomena characteristic of bilinear shell elements, such as shear locking, are alleviated with the aid of assumed natural strain techniques. Performance characteristics of the proposed finite element are examined with the aid of several numerical examples involving static and dynamic analysis of thick as well as thin shells. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Versino, Daniele; Mourad, Hashem M.; Williams, Todd O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Mourad, HM (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, T-3,MS B216, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM hmourad@lanl.gov
OI versino, daniele/0000-0002-5451-5355
NR 83
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0045-7825
EI 1879-2138
J9 COMPUT METHOD APPL M
JI Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 271
BP 269
EP 295
DI 10.1016/j.cma.2013.12.007
PG 27
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics
GA AC4MY
UT WOS:000332496600014
ER
PT J
AU Robson, MH
Artyushkova, K
Patterson, W
Atanassov, P
Hibbs, MR
AF Robson, Michael H.
Artyushkova, Kateryna
Patterson, Wendy
Atanassov, Plamen
Hibbs, Michael R.
TI Non-platinum Carbon-Supported Oxygen Reduction Catalyst Ink Evaluation
Based on Poly(sulfone) and Poly(phenylene)-Derived Ionomers in Alkaline
Media
SO ELECTROCATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE AFC; Cyanamide; Non-PGM electrocatalysts; Ionomers
ID ANION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; FUEL-CELL CATHODE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE;
TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; ELECTRODE-KINETICS; METAL CATALYST;
ELECTROCATALYSTS; METHANOL; MACROCYCLES; INTERFACE
AB Described in this work is an electrochemical evaluation of novel alkaline ionomers employed as catalyst binder for non-platinum group metal electrocatalysts based on cyanamide precursor. Electrochemical evaluation of the non-platinum group metal (non-PGM) catalyst bound with the featured alkaline ionomer classes over a range of conditions gives insight into how they behave, as well as provide information on how the varying functionalities enhance or inhibit the rate of oxygen reduction. We are showing that the polymer backbone structure has a larger influence on facilitating favorable reaction kinetics than ionomer to catalysts ratio. The poly(sulfone)-derived ionomers result in a worse activity than electrocatalysts with NafionA (R) and poly(phenylene)-derived ionomers. They also exhibited more peroxide desorption and greater limitation in the mass transport regime. The poly(phenylene)-derived polymers performed in line with the benchmark ionomer, NafionA (R). The poly(phenylene)-derived ionomers show promise as fruitful line of research in establishing an anion-conducting ionomer for alkaline electrolyte fuel cells.
C1 [Robson, Michael H.; Artyushkova, Kateryna; Patterson, Wendy; Atanassov, Plamen] Univ New Mexico, Univ New Mexico 1, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Hibbs, Michael R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Artyushkova, K (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Univ New Mexico 1, Dept Chem & Nucl Engn, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM kartyush@unm.edu
RI Artyushkova, Kateryna/B-4709-2008;
OI Artyushkova, Kateryna/0000-0002-2611-0422; Patterson,
Wendy/0000-0002-8761-8457
FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 41
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Z9 3
U1 4
U2 30
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1868-2529
EI 1868-5994
J9 ELECTROCATALYSIS-US
JI Electrocatalysis
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 2
BP 148
EP 158
DI 10.1007/s12678-013-0179-5
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry
GA AD1WN
UT WOS:000333024500005
ER
PT J
AU Romankiewicz, J
Marnay, C
Zhou, N
Qu, M
AF Romankiewicz, John
Marnay, Chris
Zhou, Nan
Qu, Min
TI Lessons from international experience for China's microgrid
demonstration program
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Microgrids; Distributed energy resources; Policy
ID CHALLENGES; POWER
AB Microgrids can provide an avenue for increasing the amount of distributed generation (DG) and delivery of electricity, where control is more dispersed and quality of service is locally tailored to end-use requirements, with applications from military bases to campuses to commercial office buildings. Many studies have been done to date on microgrid technology and operations, but fewer studies exist on demonstration programs and commercial microgrid development. As China prepares to launch the largest microgrid demonstration program in the world, we review progress made by demonstration programs across Europe, Asia, and the Americas as well as microgrid benefits and barriers. Through case studies, we highlight the difference in experience for microgrids developed under the auspices of a government-sponsored demonstration program versus those that were commercially developed. Lastly, we provide recommendations oriented towards creating a successful microgrid demonstration program. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Romankiewicz, John; Marnay, Chris; Zhou, Nan; Qu, Min] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Qu, Min] Xian Polytech Univ, Xian 710048, Shaanxi Provinc, Peoples R China.
RP Romankiewicz, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Energy Anal & Environm Impacts Dept, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90R2002, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jpromankiewicz@lbl.gov
FU Energy Foundation's (EF) China Sustainable Energy Program (CSEP); CSEP
of EF through the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We would like to express our deep appreciation to Energy Foundation's
(EF) China Sustainable Energy Program (CSEP) for providing funding for
this project. We thank Wang Sicheng at the Energy Research Institute
under the National Development and Reform Commission; Lv Fang, Yu
Jinhui, Xu Honghua, Wang Yibo, and Zhang Jia from the Institute of
Electrical Engineering within the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wang
Weisheng from the China Electric Power Research Institute under the
State Grid Corporation; Professor Wang Chengshan from Tianjin
University, and Lu Hong and Wang Man from EF for their comments and
review. This work was supported by CSEP of EF through the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 29
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U1 2
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
EI 1873-6777
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 67
BP 198
EP 208
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.059
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC8WH
UT WOS:000332815300020
ER
PT J
AU Darghouth, NR
Barbose, G
Wiser, RH
AF Darghouth, Naim R.
Barbose, Galen
Wiser, Ryan H.
TI Customer-economics of residential photovoltaic systems (Part 1): The
impact of high renewable energy penetrations on electricity bill savings
with net metering
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Photovoltaics; Net metering; Electricity rate design
ID GENERATION; CALIFORNIA; PRICES
AB Residential photovoltaic (PV) systems in the US are often compensated at the customer's underlying retail electricity rate through net metering. Given the uncertainty in future retail rates and the inherent links between rates and the customer-economics of behind-the-meter PV, there is growing interest in understanding how potential changes in rates may impact the value of bill savings from PV. In this article, we first use a production cost and capacity expansion model to project California hourly wholesale electricity market prices under two potential electricity market scenarios, including a reference and a 33% renewables scenario. Second, based on the wholesale electricity market prices generated by the model, we develop retail rates (i.e., flat, time-of-use, and real-time pricing) for each future scenario based on standard retail rate design principles. Finally, based on these retail rates, the bill savings from PV is estimated for 226 California residential customers under two types of net metering, for each scenario. We find that high renewable penetrations can drive substantial changes in residential retail rates and that these changes, together with variations in retail rate structures and PV compensation mechanisms, interact to place substantial uncertainty on the future value of bill savings from residential PV. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Darghouth, Naim R.; Barbose, Galen; Wiser, Ryan H.] Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Darghouth, NR (reprint author), Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90R4000, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ndarghouth@lbl.gov
FU Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (Solar Energy
Technologies Program); Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy
Reliability (National Electricity Delivery Division) of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy (Solar Energy Technologies Program) and the Office of Electricity
Delivery and Energy Reliability (National Electricity Delivery Division)
of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 46
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Z9 16
U1 0
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
EI 1873-6777
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 67
BP 290
EP 300
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.12.042
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC8WH
UT WOS:000332815300029
ER
PT J
AU Barbose, GL
Sanstad, AH
Goldman, CA
AF Barbose, Galen L.
Sanstad, Alan H.
Goldman, Charles A.
TI Incorporating energy efficiency into electric power transmission
planning: A western United States case study
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Electric power transmission planning; Energy efficiency; Policy
AB Driven by system reliability goals and the need to integrate significantly increased renewable power generation, long-range, bulk-power transmission planning processes in the United States are undergoing major changes. At the same time, energy efficiency is an increasing share of the electricity resource mix in many regions, and has become a centerpiece of many utility resource plans and state policies as a means of meeting electricity demand, complementing supply-side sources, and reducing carbon dioxide emissions from the electric power system. The paper describes an innovative project in the western United States to explicitly incorporate end-use efficiency into load forecasts - projections of electricity consumption and demand - that are a critical input into transmission planning and transmission planning studies. Institutional and regulatory background and context are reviewed, along with a detailed discussion of data sources and analytical procedures used to integrate efficiency into load forecasts. The analysis is intended as a practical example to illustrate the kinds of technical and institutional issues that must be addressed in order to incorporate energy efficiency into regional transmission planning activities. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Barbose, Galen L.; Sanstad, Alan H.; Goldman, Charles A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Barbose, GL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mailstop 90-4000,1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM glbarbose@lbl.gov; ahsanstad@lbl.gov; cagoldman@lbl.gov
FU Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy
Reliability of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. We would like to offer our thanks for the invaluable
comments of three anonymous reviewers.
NR 23
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
EI 1873-6777
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 67
BP 319
EP 329
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.12.051
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC8WH
UT WOS:000332815300031
ER
PT J
AU Nurre, SG
Bent, R
Pan, F
Sharkey, TC
AF Nurre, Sarah G.
Bent, Russell
Pan, Feng
Sharkey, Thomas C.
TI Managing operations of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) exchange
stations for use with a smart grid
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charging; Deterministic optimization
model; Variability reduction
ID DEMAND RESPONSE; INFRASTRUCTURE; IMPACTS; DESIGN; POWER
AB We consider a deterministic integer programming model for determining the optimal operations of multiple plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) battery exchange stations over time. The operations include the number of batteries to charge, discharge, and exchange at each point in time over a set time horizon. We allow discharging of batteries back to the power grid, through vehicle-to-grid technology. We incorporate the exchange station's dependence on the power network, transportation network, and other exchange stations. The charging and discharging at these exchange stations lead to a greater amount of variability which creates a less predictable and flat power generation curve. We introduce and test three policies to smooth the power generation curve by balancing its load. Further, tests are conducted evaluating these policies while factoring wind energy into the power generation curve. These computational tests use realistic data and analysis of the results suggest general operating procedures for exchange stations and evaluate the effectiveness of these power flattening policies. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Nurre, Sarah G.] Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
[Bent, Russell; Pan, Feng] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Def Syst & Anal Div, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Sharkey, Thomas C.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Troy, NY USA.
RP Nurre, SG (reprint author), Air Force Inst Technol, Dept Operat Sci, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
EM Sarah.Nurre@gmail.com
OI Bent, Russell/0000-0002-7300-151X
FU Sandia National Laboratories; Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Excellence in Engineering Research Fellowship
FX This author was supported by a Sandia National Laboratories and
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Excellence in Engineering Research
Fellowship.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
EI 1873-6777
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 67
BP 364
EP 377
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.052
PG 14
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC8WH
UT WOS:000332815300035
ER
PT J
AU Sun, M
Gao, CX
Shen, B
AF Sun, Mei
Gao, Cuixia
Shen, Bo
TI Quantifying China's oil import risks and the impact on the national
economy
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Oil import risks; Cost; Input-output analysis
ID INPUT-OUTPUT-ANALYSIS
AB With an increase in China's oil imports, China's oil supply will also continue to be effected by the socioeconomic stability of oil-exporting countries and the safety of oil transport routes. This paper introduces a systematic and quantitative method to evaluate the influence of China's oil import risks (OIR) on the national economy and industrial sectors from a perspective of apply chain process. For this analysis, China's OIR is quantified by integrating oil exporting country risk and the risks from oil transportation routes. Country risk is defined as the oil-exporting country's political risk caused by political changes or internal conflicts. Transport risk is defined as the risk of shipping routes affected by pirate attacks and geopolitics. Second, the relationship between China's OIR and oil import costs is analyzed using a multiple linear approach. Third, an input-output analysis method is used to research the effect of the cost of China's oil imports on the cost of investment within China's domestic sectors. This research finds that the corresponding impact on GDP is 3494.5 million dollars given an increasing by 10% of China's OIR. And the impact on domestic sectors differs from sector to sector. Finally, this paper puts forth recommendations to improve long-term oil supply security in China. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sun, Mei; Gao, Cuixia] Jiangsu Univ, Ctr Energy Dev & Environm Protect, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Shen, Bo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, China Energy Grp,Energy Anal & Environm Impact As, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Sun, M (reprint author), Jiangsu Univ, Ctr Energy Dev & Environm Protect, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM sunm@ujs.edu.cn
OI Gao, Cuixia/0000-0002-4345-2934
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [71073072, 71273119];
National Social Science Foundation of China [12ZD062]; Major Program of
Social Science Foundation of Jiangsu Education Office [2010-2-10]
FX This research was supported by both the National Nature Science
Foundation of China (No. 71073072 and No. 71273119), the National Social
Science Foundation of China (No.12&ZD062) and Major Program of Social
Science Foundation of Jiangsu Education Office (No. 2010-2-10).
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
EI 1873-6777
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 67
BP 605
EP 611
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.12.061
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC8WH
UT WOS:000332815300058
ER
PT J
AU Yu, S
Eom, J
Evans, M
Clarke, L
AF Yu, Sha
Eom, Jiyong
Evans, Meredydd
Clarke, Leon
TI A long-term, integrated impact assessment of alternative building energy
code scenarios in China
SO ENERGY POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Integrated assessment modeling; Building energy codes; China
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; EMISSIONS; DEMAND; CCSM3; MODEL
AB China is the second largest building energy user in the world, ranking first and third in residential and commercial energy consumption. Beginning in the early 1980s, the Chinese government has developed a variety of building energy codes to improve building energy efficiency and reduce total energy demand. This paper studies the impact of building energy codes on energy use and CO2 emissions by using a detailed building energy model that represents four distinct climate zones each with three building types, nested in a long-term integrated assessment framework GCAM. An advanced building stock module, coupled with the building energy model, is developed to reflect the characteristics of future building stock and its interaction with the development of building energy codes in China. This paper also evaluates the impacts of building codes on building energy demand in the presence of economy-wide carbon policy. We find that building energy codes would reduce Chinese building energy use by 13-22% depending on building code scenarios, with a similar effect preserved even under the carbon policy. The impact of building energy codes shows regional and sectoral variation due to regionally differentiated responses of heating and cooling services to shell efficiency improvement. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yu, Sha; Evans, Meredydd; Clarke, Leon] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Eom, Jiyong] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Business, Grad Sch Green Growth, Seoul, South Korea.
RP Yu, S (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM sha.yu@pnnl.gov
RI Eom, Jiyong/A-1161-2014
FU Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department
of Energy; Global Technology Strategy Program; DOE by Battelle Memorial
Institute [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX The authors are grateful for research support provided by the Office of
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy
and the Global Technology Strategy Program. The authors acknowledge
long-term support for GCAM development from the Integrated Assessment
Research Program in the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of
Energy. The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by
Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. The views
and opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors alone.
NR 57
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4215
EI 1873-6777
J9 ENERG POLICY
JI Energy Policy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 67
BP 626
EP 639
DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.009
PG 14
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC8WH
UT WOS:000332815300061
ER
PT J
AU Lu, JHC
Song, IH
Quadros, WR
Shimada, K
AF Lu, Jean Hsiang-Chun
Song, Inho
Quadros, William Roshan
Shimada, Kenji
TI Geometric reasoning in sketch-based volumetric decomposition framework
for hexahedral meshing
SO ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE 3D medial object; Geometric reasoning; Hexahedral meshing; Sketch-based
decomposition
ID MEDIAL SURFACE SUBDIVISION; ELEMENT MESHES; GENERATION; REDUCTION;
INTERFACE; ALGORITHM; SOLIDS; EDGES
AB This paper presents a sketch-based volumetric decomposition framework using geometric reasoning to assist in hex meshing. The sketch-based user interface makes the framework user-friendly and intuitive, and the geometric reasoning engine makes the framework smarter and improves the usability. The system first generates a database that contains both the B-rep and 3D medial object to capture the exterior and interior of the input model, respectively. Next, the geometric reasoning process determines sweeping direction and two types of sweepable regions and provides visual aids to assist the user in developing decomposition solutions. The user conducts decomposition via the sketch-based user interface, which understands the user's intent through freehand stroke inputs for smart decomposition. Imprint and merge operations are then performed on the decomposed model before passing it to the sweeping algorithm to create hex meshes. The proposed framework has been tested on industrial models.
C1 [Lu, Jean Hsiang-Chun; Song, Inho; Shimada, Kenji] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Quadros, William Roshan] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Lu, JHC (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM hsiangcl@andrew.cmu.edu; songphd@andrew.cmu.edu; wrquadr@sandia.gov;
shimada@andrew.cmu.edu
OI Song, Inho/0000-0002-4108-7179
FU United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a
Lockheed Martin Company for the United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration under contract
DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 35
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U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0177-0667
EI 1435-5663
J9 ENG COMPUT-GERMANY
JI Eng. Comput.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 2
SI SI
BP 237
EP 252
DI 10.1007/s00366-013-0332-z
PG 16
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA AD1SI
UT WOS:000333013500007
ER
PT J
AU Fang, ZF
Hou, ZS
Lin, G
Engel, D
Fang, YL
Eslinger, P
AF Fang, Zhufeng
Hou, Zhangshuan
Lin, Guang
Engel, Dave
Fang, Yilin
Eslinger, Paul
TI Exploring the effects of data quality, data worth, and redundancy of CO2
gas pressure and saturation data on reservoir characterization through
PEST inversion
SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon sequestration; Inversion; Monitoring network; Reservoir
characterization
ID MONITORING NETWORK DESIGN; MARINE SEISMIC AVA; CSEM DATA; FLUID-FLOW;
SEQUESTRATION; INJECTION; LEAKAGE; MODEL
AB This study examined the impacts of reservoir properties on carbon dioxide (CO2) migration after subsurface injection and evaluated the possibility of characterizing reservoir properties using CO2 monitoring data such as spatial-temporal distributions of gas pressure, which can be reasonably monitored in practice. The injection reservoir was assumed to be located 1,400-1,500 m below the ground surface such that CO2 remained in the supercritical state. The reservoir was assumed to contain layers with alternating conductive and resistive properties, which is analogous to actual geological formations such as the Mount Simon Sandstone unit. The CO2 injection simulation used a cylindrical grid setting in which the injection well was situated at the center of the domain, which extended out 8,000 m from the injection well. The CO2 migration was simulated using the latest version of the simulator, subsurface transport over multiple phases (the water-salt-CO2-energy module), developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. A nonlinear parameter estimation and optimization modeling software package, Parameter ESTimation (PEST), is adopted for automated reservoir parameter estimation. The effects of data quality, data worth, and data redundancy were explored regarding the detectability of reservoir parameters using gas pressure monitoring data, by comparing PEST inversion results using data with different levels of noises, various numbers of monitoring wells and locations, and different data collection spacing and temporal sampling intervals. This study yielded insight into the use of CO2 monitoring data for reservoir characterization and how to design the monitoring system to optimize data worth and reduce data redundancy. The feasibility of using CO2 saturation data for improving reservoir characterization was also discussed.
C1 [Fang, Zhufeng; Hou, Zhangshuan; Fang, Yilin; Eslinger, Paul] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Earth Syst Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Lin, Guang; Engel, Dave] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Hou, ZS (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Earth Syst Sci Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM zhangshuan.hou@pnnl.gov
RI Hou, Zhangshuan/B-1546-2014; Fang, Yilin/J-5137-2015;
OI Hou, Zhangshuan/0000-0002-9388-6060; Fang, Zhufeng/0000-0002-7085-8016
FU US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science; Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory (PNNL) Laboratory Directed Research and Development
project; DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of
Science and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Laboratory
Directed Research and Development project, "Uncertainty Quantification
and Risk Assessment Pipeline''. PNNL is operated by Battelle for DOE
under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830.
NR 24
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U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1866-6280
EI 1866-6299
J9 ENVIRON EARTH SCI
JI Environ. Earth Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 7
BP 3025
EP 3037
DI 10.1007/s12665-013-2680-9
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA AD1SS
UT WOS:000333014500005
ER
PT J
AU Quinn, NWT
Epshtein, O
AF Quinn, Nigel W. T.
Epshtein, Olga
TI Seasonally-managed wetland footprint delineation using Landsat ETM plus
satellite imagery
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Remote sensing; Environmental decision support; Water resource
management; Wetlands; Ecohydrology; Basin hydrology
ID DIFFERENCE WATER INDEX; ENERGY BALANCE ALGORITHM; VEGETATION DYNAMICS;
TM IMAGERY; NDVI; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; CLASSIFICATION; RESPONSES;
SENSITIVITY; RAINFALL
AB One major challenge in water resource management is the estimation of evapotranspiration losses from seasonally managed wetlands. Quantifying these losses is complicated by the dynamic nature of the wetlands' areal footprint during the periods of flood-up and drawdown. We present a data-lean solution to this problem using an example application in the San Joaquin Basin, California. Through analysis of high-resolution Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) satellite imagery, we develop a metric to better capture the extent of total flooded wetland area. The procedure is validated using year-long, continuously-logged field datasets for two wetlands within the study area. The proposed classification which uses a Landsat ETM + Band 5 (mid-IR wavelength) to Band 2 (visible green wavelength) ratio improves estimates by 30-50% relative to previous wetland delineation studies. Requiring modest ancillary data, the study results provide a practical and efficient option for wetland management in data-sparse regions or un-gauged watersheds. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Quinn, Nigel W. T.; Epshtein, Olga] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Epshtein, Olga] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
RP Quinn, NWT (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Bld 14-132, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM nwquinn@lbl.gov
RI Quinn, Nigel/G-2407-2015
OI Quinn, Nigel/0000-0003-3333-4763
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Center for Science and Engineering Education;
US Bureau of Reclamation's Science and Technology Program and the
Resource Management Division [MP-400]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Center for
Science and Engineering Education and the US Bureau of Reclamation's
Science and Technology Program and the Resource Management Division
(MP-400). Our gratitude is extended to Chuck Johnson for his continued
support of our wetland ET research program and to Linda Colella, MP-400
for maintaining the wetland sensor research program initiated by the
late Mike Heaton. Thanks to Ric Ortega, General Manager, Grassland Water
District for his technical support and provision of south Grassland
Water District wetland monitoring data. Thanks also to Professor Luis
Garcia, Director of the Integrated Decision Support Group at Colorado
State University and Dr. Aymn Elhaddad for provision of the ReSET model
and for user support. We also wish to acknowledge Dr. Richard Snyder and
Professor Susan Ustin (Department of Land, Air and Water Resources,
University of California, Davis), for valuable input.
NR 76
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U1 2
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-8152
EI 1873-6726
J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW
JI Environ. Modell. Softw.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 54
BP 9
EP 23
DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2013.12.012
PG 15
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC1PA
UT WOS:000332267300002
ER
PT J
AU Shyam, A
Blau, P
Jordan, T
Yang, N
AF Shyam, A.
Blau, P.
Jordan, T.
Yang, N.
TI Effect of submillimeter size holes on the fatigue limit of a high
strength tool steel
SO FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE very high cycle fatigue; steel; fatigue at notches; fatigue limit; small
crack growth
ID CRACK-GROWTH; CAST-ALUMINUM; MATERIAL DEFECTS; PROPAGATION; MODEL;
MECHANISMS; INITIATION; BLOCKING; FAILURE; REGIME
AB The very high cycle fatigue and small fatigue crack growth behaviour of a generic tool steel material for diesel fuel injector application are described. The small crack growth tests for the tool steel material with and without the hardening heat treatment revealed the mechanisms of crack propagation and threshold behaviour. Based on the small fatigue crack propagation threshold value, an elastic plastic fracture mechanics methodology for the prediction of the endurance limit of specimens with submillimeter holes is proposed. The advantages of the new methodology are discussed in relation to existing methodologies for endurance limit prediction of specimens with small holes.
C1 [Shyam, A.; Blau, P.; Jordan, T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Yang, N.] Caterpillar Inc, Peoria, IL 61629 USA.
RP Shyam, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM shyama@ornl.gov
OI Shyam, Amit/0000-0002-6722-4709
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy; Office of Vehicle Technologies, as part of the Propulsion
Materials Program
FX This effort was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, the
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy and the Office of
Vehicle Technologies, as part of the Propulsion Materials Program. We
thank Fei Ren and Don Erdman (ORNL) for reviewing the manuscript.
NR 34
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U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 8756-758X
EI 1460-2695
J9 FATIGUE FRACT ENG M
JI Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 37
IS 4
BP 368
EP 379
DI 10.1111/ffe.12119
PG 12
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA AD1VO
UT WOS:000333022000003
ER
PT J
AU Blumenthal, DJ
Sugarman, SL
Christensen, DM
Wiley, AL
Livingston, GK
Glassman, ES
Koerner, JF
Sullivan, JM
Hinds, S
AF Blumenthal, Daniel J.
Sugarman, Stephen L.
Christensen, Doran M.
Wiley, Albert L.
Livingston, Gordon K.
Glassman, Erik S.
Koerner, John F.
Sullivan, Julie M.
Hinds, Sidney
TI ROLE OF DICENTRIC ANALYSIS IN AN OVERARCHING BIODOSIMETRY STRATEGY FOR
USE FOLLOWING A NUCLEAR DETONATION IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENT
SO HEALTH PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE biodosimetry; cytogenetics; emergencies; radiological; radiation dose
ID ACUTE-RADIATION-SYNDROME; CHROMOSOME ASSAY; MASS CASUALTIES; DOSIMETRY;
EVENTS; TRIAGE
AB In the moments immediately following a nuclear detonation, casualties with a variety of injuries including trauma, burns, radiation exposure, and combined injuries would require immediate assistance. Accurate and timely radiation dose assessments, based on patient history and laboratory testing, are absolutely critical to support adequately the triage and treatment of those affected. This capability is also essential for ensuring the proper allocation of scarce resources and will support longitudinal evaluation of radiation-exposed individuals and populations. To maximize saving lives, casualties must be systematically triaged to determine what medical interventions are needed, the nature of those interventions, and who requires intervention immediately. In the National Strategy for Improving the Response and Recovery for an Improvised Nuclear Device (IND) Attack, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security recognized laboratory capacity for radiation biodosimetry as having a significant gap for performing mass radiation dose assessment. The anticipated demand for radiation biodosimetry exceeds its supply, and this gap is partly linked to the limited number and analytical complexity of laboratory methods for determining radiation doses within patients. The dicentric assay is a key component of a cytogenetic biodosimetry response asset, as it has the necessary sensitivity and specificity for assessing medically significant radiation doses. To address these shortfalls, the authors have developed a multimodal strategy to expand dicentric assay capacity. This strategy includes the development of an internet-based cytogenetics network that would address immediately the labor intensive burden of the dicentric chromosome assay by increasing the number of skilled personnel to conduct the analysis. An additional option that will require more time includes improving surge capabilities by combining resources available within the country's 150 clinical cytogenetics laboratories. Key to this intermediate term effort is the fact that geneticists and technicians may be experts in matters related to identifying chromosomal abnormalities related to genetic disorders, but they are not familiar with dosimetry for which training and retraining will be required. Finally, long-term options are presented to improve capacity focus on ways to automate parts of the dicentric chromosome assay method.
C1 [Blumenthal, Daniel J.] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Sugarman, Stephen L.; Christensen, Doran M.; Wiley, Albert L.; Livingston, Gordon K.] Radiat Emergency Assistance Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Glassman, Erik S.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Koerner, John F.; Sullivan, Julie M.] US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA.
[Hinds, Sidney] Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
RP Livingston, GK (reprint author), Radiat Emergency Assistance Ctr, Training Site,POB 117,MS-39, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM Gordon.Livingston@orau.org
FU United States Government under U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
[DE-AC05-06OR23100]
FX Part of this document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by
the United States Government funded under U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) contract number DE-AC05-06OR23100 between the DOE and Oak Ridge
Associated Universities (ORAU), which operates the Oak Ridge Institute
for Science and Education (ORISE) for the DOE. Neither the United States
Government nor the DOE, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty,
expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility
for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information,
apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use
would not infringe on privately owned rights. The views and opinions of
authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of
the U.S. Government or any agency thereof.
NR 15
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U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0017-9078
EI 1538-5159
J9 HEALTH PHYS
JI Health Phys.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 106
IS 4
BP 516
EP 522
DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e3182a5f94f
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical
Imaging
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA AC2JX
UT WOS:000332328000008
PM 24562072
ER
PT J
AU Qin, YF
Ji, J
Du, GZ
Wu, W
Dai, JC
Hu, ZB
Sha, JH
Hang, B
Lu, CC
Xia, YK
Wang, XR
AF Qin, Yufeng
Ji, Juan
Du, Guizhen
Wu, Wei
Dai, Juncheng
Hu, Zhibin
Sha, Jiahao
Hang, Bo
Lu, Chuncheng
Xia, Yankai
Wang, Xinru
TI Comprehensive pathway-based analysis identifies associations of BCL2,
GNAO1 and CHD2 with non-obstructive azoospermia risk
SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE non-obstructive azoospermia; pathway-based analysis; SNP; male
infertility
ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; CONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC-HERNIA; GERM-CELL
APOPTOSIS; MALE-INFERTILITY; HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM; CHINESE
POPULATION; KALLMANN-SYNDROME; GENETIC-VARIANTS; MEN; SUSCEPTIBILITY
AB Do genetic variants in known canonical pathways that have been widely suggested to affect spermatogenesis confer susceptibility to non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA)?
Rs1406714 in CHD2, rs2126986 in GNAO1 and rs7226979 in BCL2 were associated with NOA in Han Chinese men at a significant level after multiple testing corrections.
Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified three loci for NOA, whereas less attention has been given to those markers that did not exceed the genome-wide significance threshold.
We conducted a two-stage association study containing 1653 NOA cases and 2329 controls to investigate the susceptibility markers for NOA.
Imputation and pathway-based approaches can be applied to identify additional causal makers with small effects on NOA. We performed a candidate pathway-based association study using imputed-genotyping data for 24 238 single nucleotide polymorphisms estimated from NOA GWAS. Remarkably, 40 markers were associated with NOA in both imputation analysis and NOA GWAS (Stage 1) after linkage disequilibrium analysis and selected for validation (Stage 2) in another population.
Based on the literature, genes from 11 biological pathways known or hypothesized to be important in spermatogenesis were selected. Combined analysis using directly genotyped data for Stages 1 and 2 revealed that rs1406714 in CHD2 was associated with decreased risk of NOA [odds ratio (OR) 0.78, 95 confidence interval (CI) 0.680.89, P-meta 1.7E04], whereas rs2126986 in GNAO1 and rs7226979 in BCL2 were both risk makers for NOA (rs2126986: OR 1.28, 95 CI 1.151.41, P-meta 2.3E06; rs7226979: OR 1.21, 95 CI 1.111.33, P-meta 4.5E05).
Our analysis of genes in the pathways studied was not exhaustive.
Our study opens new avenues for the identification of other novel causal markers that are related to NOA. It will also provide a new paradigm for understanding the etiology of male infertility and contribute to the development of targeted therapies.
This study was supported in part by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2011CB944304); National Science Fund for Outstanding Young Scholars (81322039); National Natural Science Foundation (31371524); Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province (BK20130041); The Program for Postgraduates Research Innovation in University of Jiangsu Province (CXZZ12-0600). Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD). There were no competing interests.
C1 [Qin, Yufeng; Ji, Juan; Du, Guizhen; Wu, Wei; Dai, Juncheng; Hu, Zhibin; Sha, Jiahao; Lu, Chuncheng; Xia, Yankai; Wang, Xinru] Nanjing Med Univ, Inst Toxicol, State Key Lab Reprod Med, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Qin, Yufeng; Ji, Juan; Du, Guizhen; Wu, Wei; Hu, Zhibin; Lu, Chuncheng; Xia, Yankai; Wang, Xinru] Nanjing Med Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Key Lab Modern Toxicol, Minist Educ, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Hang, Bo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lu, CC (reprint author), Nanjing Med Univ, Inst Toxicol, State Key Lab Reprod Med, 818 East Tianyuan Rd, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM chunchenglu@njmu.edu.cn
FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2011CB944304];
National Science Fund for Outstanding Young Scholars [81322039];
National Natural Science Foundation [31371524]; Distinguished Young
Scholars of Jiangsu Province [BK20130041]; Program for Postgraduates
Research Innovation in University of Jiangsu Province [CXZZ12-0600];
Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education
Institutions (PAPD)
FX This study was supported in part by National Basic Research Program of
China (973 Program, 2011CB944304); National Science Fund for Outstanding
Young Scholars (81322039); National Natural Science Foundation
(31371524); Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province
(BK20130041); The Program for Postgraduates Research Innovation in
University of Jiangsu Province (CXZZ12-0600). Priority Academic Program
Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).
NR 32
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Z9 6
U1 1
U2 16
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0268-1161
EI 1460-2350
J9 HUM REPROD
JI Hum. Reprod.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 4
BP 860
EP 866
DI 10.1093/humrep/deu013
PG 7
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology
GA AD2GC
UT WOS:000333051200024
PM 24549219
ER
PT J
AU Crawford, BA
Maerz, JC
Nibbelink, NP
Buhlmann, KA
Norton, TM
AF Crawford, Brian A.
Maerz, John C.
Nibbelink, Nathan P.
Buhlmann, Kurt A.
Norton, Terry M.
TI Estimating the consequences of multiple threats and management
strategies for semi- aquatic turtles
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE diamondback terrapin; Malaclemys terrapin; matrix model; nest predation;
population growth rate; road mortality; roads
ID WILDLIFE-VEHICLE COLLISIONS; DIAMONDBACK TERRAPIN; MALACLEMYS-TERRAPIN;
ROAD-MORTALITY; POPULATION-GROWTH; SEX DETERMINATION; CRAB POTS;
CONSERVATION; HERPETOFAUNA; FLORIDA
AB 1. Roads are pervasive fixtures on most landscapes but are typically among many factors contributing to wildlife population declines. Addressing road mortality as part of larger conservation efforts is challenging because it can be difficult to measure per capita mortality from roads and other concurrent threats.
2. We used 4 years of mark-recapture-recovery data for diamondback terrapins Malaclemys terrapin on a causeway in Georgia, USA, to directly estimate threats of adult road mortality and nest predation, contrast the consequences to population growth using stage-based matrix models and make management recommendations to stabilize the population.
3. Mean estimated annual adult road mortality was 11.1% (range = 4.4-16.4%). Estimated annual nest predation was 61.9%. We estimated that the population was declining (lambda < 0.98) in all scenarios where both threats were included. Variation in adult survival was the most influential (highest elasticity) contributor to population growth relative to other demographic rates; however, lambda would remain below 1 with any nest predation rate exceeding our estimate even if actions to mitigate road mortality were 100% effective.
4. Synthesis and applications. Our study provides some of the first direct estimates of vehicle mortality rates and shows that mortality can remain sufficiently high among years to cause population declines. We also demonstrate that management actions focused on singular threats are inadequate for recovering populations. We conclude that integrated road and predator management is necessary to conserve turtle populations, and we suggest alternative strategies to compensate for some vehicle mortality and nest depredation.
C1 [Crawford, Brian A.; Maerz, John C.; Nibbelink, Nathan P.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Buhlmann, Kurt A.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
[Norton, Terry M.] Jekyll Isl Author, Georgia Sea Turtle Ctr, Jekyll Isl, GA 31527 USA.
RP Crawford, BA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM bcrawfor@uga.edu
FU Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Coastal Resources Division;
Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University
of Georgia; Jekyll Island Foundation
FX Funding to support this research was provided by a State Wildlife Grant
to J.C.M. from the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Coastal
Resources Division, by the Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and
Natural Resources, University of Georgia and Jekyll Island Foundation
through an assistantship to B.A.C. We thank GSTC staff and volunteers
for their assistance throughout the project - especially M. Kaylor, A.
Grosse, S. Diltz, L. Rodriguez and D. Quinn. We thank associates at the
Savannah River Ecology Laboratory and the Jekyll Island Authority for
their continued collaborations. All methods were conducted in accordance
with the recommendations for humane treatment of these animals for
research and have been approved by the University of Georgia Institution
Animal Care and Use Committee (Animal Use Protocol no.: A2009 10-189,
expires 24 November 2012).
NR 50
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 57
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 2
BP 359
EP 366
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12194
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC9DX
UT WOS:000332835600009
ER
PT J
AU Crawford, BA
Maerz, JC
Nibbelink, NP
Buhlmann, KA
Norton, TM
Albeke, SE
AF Crawford, Brian A.
Maerz, John C.
Nibbelink, Nathan P.
Buhlmann, Kurt A.
Norton, Terry M.
Albeke, Shannon E.
TI Hot spots and hot moments of diamondback terrapin road- crossing
activity
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE diamondback terrapin; Georgia; hot moment; hot spot; Malaclemys
terrapin; road mortality; roads; turtle
ID MALACLEMYS-TERRAPIN; TURTLE POPULATIONS; MORTALITY; ECOLOGY; RISK;
CONSERVATION; HERPETOFAUNA; MANAGEMENT; SELECTION; WILDLIFE
AB 1. Road mortality is a major component of human impacts on wildlife populations, and the pervasiveness of roads on the landscape presents a substantial challenge for managing those impacts. The feasibility of methods to reduce road mortality depends on the degree to which this threat is spatially or temporally concentrated, which can be based on habitat, human activities or species' ecology. Diamondback terrapins Malaclemys terrapin are a species of conservation concern across their range, and road mortality is a major threat contributing to local population declines.
2. We used intensive road surveys of the 8.7-km Downing-Musgrove Causeway to Jekyll Island, Georgia, USA, over 2 years to determine whether road activity and mortality was diffused or concentrated spatially (hot spots) or temporally (hot moments) in order to guide efficient management.
3. In 2009 and 2010, we documented 636 terrapin crossings that were temporally and spatially condensed. Temporally, there was a 70-80% chance of a terrapin occurring on the road within a 3-h period around the diurnal high tide and within the first 30 days of the 75 day nesting season. Over the two nesting seasons, 52% of terrapin occurrences on the road occurred within the 3-h period around high tide. Spatially, 30% of terrapins were observed crossing in three hot spots that composed less than 10% of the length of the entire causeway, and the percentage of unvegetated high marsh was negatively associated with the number of terrapins that occurred on a section of road.
4. Synthesis and applications. Our results demonstrate that hot spots and hot moments can be identified for species at finer scales than those found by other studies and are related, strongly or weakly, to specific temporal processes or habitat features. We found patterns of road mortality, like most threats, can be diffused or concentrated; therefore, complementary management tools that focus on hot spots or moments and also address the more diffused component of road mortality will be required to reduce this threat for at-risk wildlife.
C1 [Crawford, Brian A.; Maerz, John C.; Nibbelink, Nathan P.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Buhlmann, Kurt A.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.
[Norton, Terry M.] Jekyll Isl Author, Georgia Sea Turtle Ctr, Jekyll Isl, GA 31527 USA.
[Albeke, Shannon E.] Univ Wyoming, Wyoming Geog Informat Sci Ctr, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Crawford, BA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM bcrawfor@uga.edu
FU Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Coastal Resources Division;
Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University
of Georgia; Jekyll Island Foundation
FX Funding for this research was provided by a State Wildlife Grant to
J.C.M. from the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Coastal
Resources Division, by the Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and
Natural Resources, University of Georgia and Jekyll Island Foundation
through an assistantship to B.A.C. We thank GSTC staff and volunteers
for their assistance throughout the project - especially M. Kaylor, A.
Grosse, S. Diltz, L. Rodriguez and D. Quinn. We thank associates at the
Savannah River Ecology Laboratory and the Jekyll Island Authority for
their continued collaborations. All methods were conducted in accordance
with the recommendations for humane treatment of these animals for
research and have been approved by the University of Georgia Institution
Animal Care and Use Committee (Animal Use Protocol #: A2009 10-189,
expires 24 November 2012).
NR 39
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 2
BP 367
EP 375
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12195
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AC9DX
UT WOS:000332835600010
ER
PT J
AU Nagendra, K
Tafti, DK
AF Nagendra, Krishnamurthy
Tafti, Danesh K.
TI Flows Through Reconstructed Porous Media Using Immersed Boundary Methods
SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE immersed boundary method; porous flow; Darcy-Forchheimer equation;
pressure drop; stochastic reconstruction
ID CIRCULAR-CYLINDER; STOCHASTIC RECONSTRUCTION; FORCED-CONVECTION; RANDOM
ARRAYS; STOKES-FLOW; SIMULATIONS; INERTIA; COMPLEX; SPHERES; HEART
AB Understanding flow through real porous media is of considerable importance given their significance in a wide range of applications. Direct numerical simulations of such flows are very useful in their fundamental understanding. Past works have focused mainly on ordered and disordered arrays of regular shaped structures such as cylinders or spheres to emulate porous media. More recently, extension of these studies to more realistic pore spaces are available in the literature highlighting the enormous potential of such studies in helping the fundamental understanding of pore-level flow physics. In an effort to advance the simulation of realistic porous media flows further, an immersed boundary method (IBM) framework capable of simulating flows through arbitrary surface contours is used in conjunction with a stochastic reconstruction procedure based on simulated annealing. The developed framework is tested in a two-dimensional channel with two types of porous sections-one created using a random assembly of square blocks and another using the stochastic reconstruction procedure. Numerous simulations are performed to demonstrate the capability of the developed framework. The computed pressure drops across the porous section are compared with predictions from the Darcy-Forchheimer equation for media composed of different structure sizes. Finally, the developed methodology is applied to study CO2 diffusion in porous spherical particles of varying porosities.
C1 [Nagendra, Krishnamurthy; Tafti, Danesh K.] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Nagendra, Krishnamurthy; Tafti, Danesh K.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Tafti, DK (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM dtafti@vt.edu
RI Tafti, Danesh/A-7486-2009;
OI Krishnamurthy, Nagendra/0000-0002-8047-282X
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 21
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0098-2202
EI 1528-901X
J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME
JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 4
AR 040908
DI 10.1115/1.4026102
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA AD2XW
UT WOS:000333101200009
ER
PT J
AU Wei, ZA
Zheng, ZC
Yang, XF
AF Wei, Zhenglun Alan
Zheng, Zhongquan Charlie
Yang, Xiaofan
TI Computation of Flow Through a Three-Dimensional Periodic Array of Porous
Structures by a Parallel Immersed-Boundary Method
SO JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE porous media; IB method; parallel computing; PETSc; species transport
ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; WIND NOISE-REDUCTION; FLUID-FLOW; TURBULENT-FLOW;
HEAT-TRANSFER; MEDIA; CYLINDER; TRANSPORT; EQUATION; ABSORPTION
AB A parallel implementation of an immersed-boundary (IB) method is presented for low Reynolds number flow simulations in a representative elementary volume (REV) of porous media that are composed of a periodic array of regularly arranged structures. The material of the structure in the REV can be solid (impermeable) or microporous (permeable). Flows both outside and inside the microporous media are computed simultaneously by using an IB method to solve a combination of the Navier-Stokes equation (outside the microporous medium) and the Zwikker-Kosten equation (inside the microporous medium). The numerical simulation is firstly validated using flow through the REVs of impermeable structures, including square rods, circular rods, cubes, and spheres. The resultant pressure gradient over the REVs is compared with analytical solutions of the Ergun equation or Darcy-Forchheimer law. The good agreements demonstrate the validity of the numerical method to simulate the macroscopic flow behavior in porous media. In addition, with the assistance of a scientific parallel computational library, PETSc, good parallel performances are achieved. Finally, the IB method is extended to simulate species transport by coupling with the REV flow simulation. The species sorption behaviors in an REV with impermeable/solid and permeable/microporous materials are then studied.
C1 [Wei, Zhenglun Alan; Zheng, Zhongquan Charlie] Univ Kansas, Dept Aerosp Engn, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Yang, Xiaofan] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Wei, ZA (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Aerosp Engn, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM alanwei@ku.edu; zzheng@ku.edu; Xiaofan.Yang@pnnl.gov
RI Yang, Xiaofan/L-6472-2015
OI Yang, Xiaofan/0000-0003-4514-0229
NR 56
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 16
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0098-2202
EI 1528-901X
J9 J FLUID ENG-T ASME
JI J. Fluids Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 4
AR 040905
DI 10.1115/1.4026357
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA AD2XW
UT WOS:000333101200006
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, MC
Williams, T
Pattathil, S
Hahn, MG
Doran-Peterson, J
AF Edwards, M. C.
Williams, T.
Pattathil, S.
Hahn, M. G.
Doran-Peterson, J.
TI Replacing a suite of commercial pectinases with a single enzyme, pectate
lyase B, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentations of cull peaches
SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Saccharomyces cerevisiae; PelB; Glycome profile; Ethanol
ID PLANT-CELL WALLS; SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; PROTEINS; EPITOPES;
ETHANOL; SUGARS
AB Fermentation of pectin-rich biomass with low concentrations of polysaccharides requires some treatment of the pectin, but does not need complete degradation of the polysaccharide to reach maximum ethanol yields. Cull peaches, whole rotten fruits that are not suitable for sale, contain high concentrations of glucose (27.7 % dw) and fructose (29.3 % dw) and low amounts of cellulose (2.8 % dw), hemicellulose (4.5 % dw) and pectin (5.6 % dw). Amounts of commercial saccharification enzymes, cellulase and cellobiase can be significantly decreased and commercial pectinase mixtures can be replaced completely with a single enzyme, pectate lyase (PelB), while maintaining ethanol yields above 90 % of the theoretical maximum. PelB does not completely degrade pectin; it only releases short chain oligogalacturonides. However, the activity of PelB is sufficient for the fermentation process, and its addition to fermentations without commercial pectinase increases ethanol production by similar to 12 %.
C1 [Edwards, M. C.; Williams, T.; Doran-Peterson, J.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Pattathil, S.; Hahn, M. G.] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Pattathil, S.; Hahn, M. G.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Hahn, M. G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Doran-Peterson, J (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM jpeterso@uga.edu
OI Hahn, Michael/0000-0003-2136-5191; , Sivakumar
Pattathil/0000-0003-3870-4137
FU University of Georgia Graduate Student Assistantship; Center for
Undergraduate Research Opportunities at the University of Georgia; US
Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
[DE-EE0000410]; Bio-Energy Science Center; Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]; NSF Plant Genome Program [DBI-0421683, IOS-0923992]
FX This research was funded in part by a University of Georgia Graduate
Student Assistantship to M. C. Edwards, and the Center for Undergraduate
Research Opportunities at the University of Georgia provided partial
funding to support T. D. Williams. We thank Alyssa Balles for her
assistance with the saccharifications. All authors have agreed to submit
this manuscript to the "Journal of Industrial Microbiology and
Biotechnology." Fermentations and characterization of pectinases were
partially supported by a grant from the US Department of Energy, Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DE-EE0000410). The glycome profiling
was supported by the Bio-Energy Science Center administered by Oak Ridge
National Laboratory and funded by a grant (DE-AC05-00OR22725) from the
Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, US
Department of Energy. The generation of the CCRC series of plant cell
wall glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies used in this work was
supported by the NSF Plant Genome Program (DBI-0421683 and IOS-0923992).
NR 24
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Z9 1
U1 2
U2 14
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1367-5435
EI 1476-5535
J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT
JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 4
BP 679
EP 686
DI 10.1007/s10295-013-1394-z
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA AD2IE
UT WOS:000333057300008
PM 24585204
ER
PT J
AU Verdal, N
Her, JH
Stavila, V
Soloninin, AV
Babanova, OA
Skripov, AV
Udovic, TJ
Rush, JJ
AF Verdal, Nina
Her, Jae-Hyuk
Stavila, Vitalie
Soloninin, Alexei V.
Babanova, Olga A.
Skripov, Alexander V.
Udovic, Terrence J.
Rush, John J.
TI Complex high-temperature phase transitions in Li2B12H12 and Na2B12H12
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dodecaborate; Neutron powder diffraction; Orientational disorder; Phase
transition; Ion mobility; Superionic conductor
ID DODECAHYDRO-CLOSO-DODECABORATE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; INTERATOMIC
DISTANCES; NMR; DECOMPOSITION; STABILITY; SYSTEM; LIBH4
AB Differential scanning calorimety measurements of Li2B12H12 and Na2B12H12 indicate hysteretic transformations to high-temperature phases at approximate to 615 K and 529 K, respectively, upon heating (1 K/min) from room temperature. X-ray and neutron powder diffraction measurements corroborate the phase-change behavior. For Li2B12H12, the diffraction data are consistent with a previous study suggesting that the overall face-centered-cubic arrangement of icosahedral B12H12- anions is maintained upon transformation to the high-temperature polymorph, although the anions are now orientationally disordered and the Li+ cations crystallographically disordered within an enlarged lattice. For Na2B12H12, the diffraction data indicate the existence of three different high-temperature phases in addition to the known low-temperature monoclinic phase. The highest-temperature structure possesses Im (3) over barm symmetry and exhibits a body-centered-cubic arrangement of orientationally disordered anions. The interstitial, disordered Na+ cations appear to favor off-center positions within the distorted tetrahedral sites formed by the anions in this structure. An intermediate Pm (3) over barn-symmetric phase at lower temperature is the result of a partial ordering of this higher-temperature structure. A third, minor, face-centered-cubic phase coexists with these high-temperature polymorphs. H-1 NMR measurements of Li2B12H12 and Na2B12H12 reveal an approximately two-orders-of-magnitude increase in the reorientational jump rate of the anions in both cases upon transformation to their high-temperature structures. The enhanced anion mobilities were corroborated by neutron scattering fixed-window scans across the respective phase boundaries. The inherent cation disorder associated with these high-temperature polymorphs suggests their potential use as superionic conductors. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Verdal, Nina; Udovic, Terrence J.; Rush, John J.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Verdal, Nina; Rush, John J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Her, Jae-Hyuk] GE Global Res, Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA.
[Stavila, Vitalie] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Soloninin, Alexei V.; Babanova, Olga A.; Skripov, Alexander V.] Russian Acad Sci, Ural Branch, Inst Met Phys, Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia.
RP Verdal, N (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM nina.verdal@nist.gov
RI Babanova, Olga/J-4821-2013; Skripov, Alexander/K-4525-2013; Soloninin,
Alexey/J-8580-2013
OI Babanova, Olga/0000-0002-2422-3263; Skripov,
Alexander/0000-0002-0610-5538; Soloninin, Alexey/0000-0001-7127-9641
FU DOE EERE [DE-EE0002978, DE-AI-01-05EE11104, DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Russian
Foundation for Basic Research [12-03-00078]; U.S. Civilian Research &
Development Foundation (CRDF Global) [RUP1-7076-EK-12]; National Science
Foundation [OISE-9531011, DMR-0944772]
FX This work was partially supported by the DOE EERE through Grant Nos.
DE-EE0002978, DE-AI-01-05EE11104, and DE-AC04-94AL85000 and by the
Russian Foundation for Basic Research under Grant No. 12-03-00078, the
U.S. Civilian Research & Development Foundation (CRDF Global) under
Award No. RUP1-7076-EK-12 and the National Science Foundation under
Cooperative Agreement No. OISE-9531011. This work utilized facilities
supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement
DMR-0944772.
NR 40
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 10
U2 56
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
EI 1095-726X
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 212
BP 81
EP 91
DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2014.01.006
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AD2NC
UT WOS:000333071400013
ER
PT J
AU Alie, D
Gedvilas, L
Wang, ZW
Tenent, R
Engtrakul, C
Yan, YF
Shaheen, SE
Dillon, AC
Ban, CM
AF Alie, David
Gedvilas, Lynn
Wang, Zhiwei
Tenent, Robert
Engtrakul, Chaiwat
Yan, Yanfa
Shaheen, Sean E.
Dillon, Anne C.
Ban, Chunmei
TI Direct synthesis of thermochromic VO2 through hydrothermal reaction
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Vanadium dioxide; Thermochromic; Crystal phase; VO2 (M)
ID VANADIUM-OXIDES; PHASE-TRANSITION; NANOSTRUCTURES; TRANSPORT; NANORODS;
FILMS; GEL
AB Thermochromic VO2 was directly synthesized using hydrothermal techniques. The effects of formation conditions on the structure and morphology of the final product were studied through X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Unique hollow sphere morphology was observed for the synthesized VO2 powders. Ex-situ XRD studies after heat treatment confirmed the thermal stability of the VO2 structure. Thermochromic properties, as a consequence of the reversible structural transformation between monoclinic VO2 and tetragonal phases, were observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Alie, David; Gedvilas, Lynn; Wang, Zhiwei; Tenent, Robert; Engtrakul, Chaiwat; Shaheen, Sean E.; Dillon, Anne C.; Ban, Chunmei] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Alie, David; Shaheen, Sean E.] Univ Denver, Denver, CO USA.
[Wang, Zhiwei; Yan, Yanfa] Univ Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
RP Ban, CM (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, 15013 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM chunmei.ban@nrel.gov
RI Shaheen, Sean/M-7893-2013
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under DOE Office of Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technologies Program
[DE-AC36-08GO28308]
FX The authors acknowledge the funding support from the U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) under subcontract number DE-AC36-08GO28308 through the DOE
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building
Technologies Program. The authors also thank Bobby To, Dr. Houwen Tang
for help with Scanning Electron Microscopy.
NR 29
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 11
U2 128
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
EI 1095-726X
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 212
BP 237
EP 241
DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2013.10.023
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AD2NC
UT WOS:000333071400035
ER
PT J
AU Webb, IK
Chen, TC
Danielson, WF
Ibrahim, YM
Tang, KQ
Anderson, GA
Smith, RD
AF Webb, Ian K.
Chen, Tsung-Chi
Danielson, William F.
Ibrahim, Yehia M.
Tang, Keqi
Anderson, Gordon A.
Smith, Richard D.
TI Implementation of Dipolar Resonant Excitation for Collision Induced
Dissociation with Ion Mobility/Time-of-Flight MS
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ion mobility spectrometry; Collision induced dissociation; Peptide
dissociation
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; PEPTIDE MIXTURES;
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FUNNEL INTERFACE; AMINO-ACIDS; QUADRUPOLE; TRAP;
ACTIVATION; GAS
AB An ion mobility/time-of-flight mass spectrometer (IMS/TOF MS) platform that allows for resonant excitation collision induced dissociation (CID) is presented. Highly efficient, mass-resolved fragmentation without additional excitation of product ions was accomplished and over-fragmentation common in beam-type CID experiments was alleviated. A quadrupole ion guide was modified to apply a dipolar AC signal across a pair of rods for resonant excitation. The method was characterized with singly protonated methionine enkephalin and triply protonated peptide angiotensin I, yielding maximum CID efficiencies of 44 % and 84 %, respectively. The Mathieu q(x,y) parameter was set at 0.707 for these experiments to maximize pseudopotential well depths and CID efficiencies. Resonant excitation CID was compared with beam-type CID for the peptide mixture. The ability to apply resonant waveforms in mobility-resolved windows is demonstrated with a peptide mixture yielding fragmentation over a range of mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios within a single IMS-MS analysis.
C1 [Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Smith, RD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Div Biol Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM rds@pnnl.gov
RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012
OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349
FU US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental
Research Genome Sciences Program under the Pan-omics project; NIH
National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM103493]; DOE
[DE-AC05-76RL0 1830]
FX Portions of this research were supported by the US Department of Energy
(DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research Genome Sciences
Program under the Pan-omics project, and the NIH National Institute of
General Medical Sciences (GM103493). This work was performed in the
Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory (EMSL), a DOE national
scientific user facility at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
(PNNL). PNNL is operated by Battelle for the DOE under contract
DE-AC05-76RL0 1830.
NR 60
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1044-0305
EI 1879-1123
J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR
JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 4
BP 563
EP 571
DI 10.1007/s13361-013-0815-6
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry,
Physical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA AD2IL
UT WOS:000333058100007
PM 24470195
ER
PT J
AU Marti, X
Fina, I
Frontera, C
Liu, J
Wadley, P
He, Q
Paull, RJ
Clarkson, JD
Kudrnovsky, J
Turek, I
Kunes, J
Yi, D
Chu, JH
Nelson, CT
You, L
Arenholz, E
Salahuddin, S
Fontcuberta, J
Jungwirth, T
Ramesh, R
AF Marti, X.
Fina, I.
Frontera, C.
Liu, Jian
Wadley, P.
He, Q.
Paull, R. J.
Clarkson, J. D.
Kudrnovsky, J.
Turek, I.
Kunes, J.
Yi, D.
Chu, J-H.
Nelson, C. T.
You, L.
Arenholz, E.
Salahuddin, S.
Fontcuberta, J.
Jungwirth, T.
Ramesh, R.
TI Room-temperature antiferromagnetic memory resistor
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANISOTROPIC MAGNETORESISTANCE; TUNNEL-JUNCTION; ALLOYS; PRINCIPLES
AB The bistability of ordered spin states in ferromagnets provides the basis for magnetic memory functionality. The latest generation of magnetic random access memories rely on an efficient approach in which magnetic fields are replaced by electrical means for writing and reading the information in ferromagnets. This concept may eventually reduce the sensitivity of ferromagnets to magnetic field perturbations to being a weakness for data retention and the ferromagnetic stray fields to an obstacle for high-density memory integration. Here we report a room-temperature bistable antiferromagnetic (AFM) memory that produces negligible stray fields and is insensitive to strong magnetic fields. We use a resistor made of a FeRh AFM, which orders ferromagnetically roughly 100 K above room temperature, and therefore allows us to set different collective directions for the Fe moments by applied magnetic field. On cooling to room temperature, AFM order sets in with the direction of the AFM moments predetermined by the field and moment direction in the high-temperature ferromagnetic state. For electrical reading, we use an AFM analogue of the anisotropic magnetoresistance. Our microscopic theory modelling confirms that this archetypical spintronic effect, discovered more than 150 years ago in ferromagnets, is also present in AFMs. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating room-temperature spintronic memories with AFMs, which in turn expands the base of available magnetic materials for devices with properties that cannot be achieved with ferromagnets.
C1 [Marti, X.; Paull, R. J.; Clarkson, J. D.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Marti, X.; Paull, R. J.; Clarkson, J. D.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Marti, X.; Turek, I.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Dept Condensed Matter Phys, CR-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
[Marti, X.; Wadley, P.; Kunes, J.; Jungwirth, T.] Inst Phys ASCR, Vvi, Prague 16253 6, Czech Republic.
[Fina, I.; Frontera, C.; Fontcuberta, J.] ICMAB CSIC, Inst Ciencia Mat Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
[Fina, I.] Max Planck Inst Microstruct Phys, D-06120 Halle, Germany.
[Liu, Jian; Yi, D.; Chu, J-H.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wadley, P.; Jungwirth, T.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[He, Q.; Arenholz, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kudrnovsky, J.] Inst Phys ASCR, Vvi, Prague 18221 8, Czech Republic.
[Turek, I.] Inst Phys Mat ASCR, Vvi, Brno 61662, Czech Republic.
[Nelson, C. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[You, L.; Salahuddin, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Marti, X (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM xavi.marti@igsresearch.com
RI Fontcuberta, Josep /A-7114-2013; Frontera, Carlos/B-4910-2008; Kunes,
Jan/B-4484-2008; Fina, Ignasi/G-2210-2011; Foundry,
Molecular/G-9968-2014; Marti, Xavier/E-1103-2014; Turek,
Ilja/G-5553-2014; KUDRNOVSKY, Josef/G-5581-2014; Jungwirth,
Tomas/G-8952-2014; Liu, Jian/I-6746-2013; He, Qing/E-3202-2010
OI Fontcuberta, Josep/0000-0002-7955-2320; Frontera,
Carlos/0000-0002-0091-4756; Kunes, Jan/0000-0001-9682-7640; Fina,
Ignasi/0000-0003-4182-6194; Marti, Xavier/0000-0003-1653-5619;
KUDRNOVSKY, Josef/0000-0002-9968-6748; Jungwirth,
Tomas/0000-0002-9910-1674; Liu, Jian/0000-0001-7962-2547;
FU NSF (Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Translational
Applications of Nanoscale Multiferroic Systems) [EEC-1160504]; DOE;
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the US Department
of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Spanish Government [MAT2011-29269-C03,
CSD2007-00041, MAT2012-33207]; Generalitat de Catalunya [SGR 00376];
Beatriu de Pinos postdoctoral scholarship [BP-A 00220]; Catalan Agency
for Management of University; AGAUR-Generalitat de Catalunya; Grant
Agency of the Czech Republic [P204/11/P339]; EPSRC [EP/K027808/1]; ERC
[268066]; Praemium Academiae of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech
Republic; Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic Grant [LM2011026];
STARnet FAME; I.T. acknowledge the Czech Science Foundation
[P204/11/1228]
FX The authors acknowledge the support from the NSF (Nanosystems
Engineering Research Center for Translational Applications of Nanoscale
Multiferroic Systems, Cooperative Agreement Award EEC-1160504) and DOE.
Transmission electron microscopy characterization was performed at NCEM,
which is supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences of the US Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. J.F. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish
Government (Projects MAT2011-29269-C03, CSD2007-00041) and Generalitat
de Catalunya (2009 SGR 00376); C. F. acknowledges financial support from
the Spanish Government (Projects MAT2012-33207, CSD2007-00041). I. F.
acknowledges a Beatriu de Pinos postdoctoral scholarship (2011 BP-A
00220) and the Catalan Agency for Management of University and Research
Grants (AGAUR-Generalitat de Catalunya). X. M. acknowledges the Grant
Agency of the Czech Republic No. P204/11/P339. Research at the
University of Nottingham was funded by EPSRC grant EP/K027808/1. T.J.
acknowledges support from the ERC Advanced Grant 268066, Praemium
Academiae of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and from the
Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic Grant LM2011026. S. S.
acknowledges funding by STARnet FAME. J. Kunes 83 and I.T. acknowledge
the Czech Science Foundation No. P204/11/1228.
NR 35
TC 114
Z9 114
U1 32
U2 267
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
EI 1476-4660
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 4
BP 367
EP 374
DI 10.1038/NMAT3861
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA AD6UQ
UT WOS:000333397100021
PM 24464243
ER
PT J
AU Xie, FL
Stewart, CN
Taki, FA
He, QL
Liu, HW
Zhang, BH
AF Xie, Fuliang
Stewart, Charles Neal, Jr.
Taki, Faten A.
He, Qiuling
Liu, Huawei
Zhang, Baohong
TI High-throughput deep sequencing shows that microRNAs play important
roles in switchgrass responses to drought and salinity stress
SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE switchgrass; high-throughput sequencing; microRNA; salt; drought;
biofuel
ID EXPRESSION PATTERNS; SMALL RNAS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ORYZA-SATIVA;
TRANSCRIPTION; PLANTS; GENES; OVEREXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION;
DICER-LIKE1
AB MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an important class of small regulatory RNAs. The goal of this study was to analyse stress-responsive miRNAs in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), the emerging biofuel crop, to facilitate choosing gene targets for improving biomass and biofuel yield. After sequencing three small RNA libraries constructed from control, salt- and drought-treated switchgrass using Illumina sequencing technology, we identified 670 known miRNA families from a total of more than 50million short reads. A total of 273 miRNAs were identified with precursors: 126 conserved miRNAs and 147 novel miRNAs. Of them, 265 miRNAs were found to have their opposite sequences (miRNA*) with 2-nt overhang on the 3 end. Of them, 194 were detected in switchgrass transcriptome sequences generated from 31 high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data sets in NCBI. Many miRNAs were differentially or uniquely expressed during salinity or drought stress treatment. We also discovered 11 miRNA clusters containing 29 miRNAs. These identified miRNAs potentially targeted 28549 genes with a various function, including transcription factors, stress-response proteins and cellulose biosynthesis-related proteins. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the identified miRNAs and their targets were classified to 3779 GO terms including 1534 molecular functions, 1851 biological processes and 394 cellular components and were enriched to 147 KEGG pathways. Interestingly, 195 miRNA families and 450 targets were involved in the biosynthesis pathways of carbon, glucose, starch, fatty acid and lignin and in xylem formation, which could aid in designing next-generation switchgrass for biomass and biofuel.
C1 [Xie, Fuliang; Taki, Faten A.; He, Qiuling; Liu, Huawei; Zhang, Baohong] E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
[Stewart, Charles Neal, Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Stewart, Charles Neal, Jr.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, BioEnergy Sci Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Zhang, BH (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
EM zhangb@ecu.edu
RI Zhang, Baohong/O-4948-2016
FU NIFA; Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the DOE Office
of Science
FX We greatly appreciate US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute
(JGI, http://www.jgi.doe.gov/) for switchgrass genome and its annotation
produced by JGI in collaboration with the switchgrass research
community. This project is partially supported by a grant from NIFA. The
BioEnergy Science Center is a U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy
Research Center supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental
Research in the DOE Office of Science.
NR 53
TC 38
Z9 42
U1 13
U2 124
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1467-7644
EI 1467-7652
J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J
JI Plant Biotechnol. J.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 12
IS 3
BP 354
EP 366
DI 10.1111/pbi.12142
PG 13
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences
GA AD1XR
UT WOS:000333027500008
PM 24283289
ER
PT J
AU Moaveni, B
Barbosa, AR
Conte, JP
Hemez, FM
AF Moaveni, Babak
Barbosa, Andre R.
Conte, Joel P.
Hemez, Francois M.
TI Uncertainty analysis of system identification results obtained for a
seven-story building slice tested on the UCSD-NEES shake table
SO STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING
LA English
DT Article
DE system identification; variability in modal parameters; uncertainty
quantification
ID RESPONSE SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; FRAME; MODELS; DAMAGE
AB A full-scale seven-story reinforced concrete building section/slice was tested on the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) shake table at the University of California San Diego during the period of October 2005 to January 2006. Three output-only system identification methods were used to extract the modal parameters (natural frequencies, damping ratios, and mode shapes) of the test structure at different damage states. In this study, the performance of these system identification methods is investigated in two cases: (Case I) when these methods are applied to the measured dynamic response of the structure and (Case II) when these methods are applied to the dynamic response of the structure simulated using a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model thereof. In both cases, the uncertainty/variability of the identified modal parameters due to the variability of several input factors is quantified through analysis of variance (ANOVA). In addition to ANOVA, meta-models are used for effect screening in Case II (based on the simulated data), which also capture the effects of linear interactions of the input factors. The four input factors considered in Case I are amplitude of input excitation, spatial density of measurements, length of response data used for system identification, and model order used in the parametric system identification methods. In the second case of uncertainty analysis, in addition to these four input factors, measurement noise is also considered. The results show that for all three methods considered, the amplitude of excitation is the most significant factor explaining the variability of the identified modal parameters, especially the natural frequencies. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Moaveni, Babak] Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
[Barbosa, Andre R.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Civil & Construct Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Conte, Joel P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Hemez, Francois M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, XCP Div 1, Los Alamos, NM USA.
RP Moaveni, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
EM babak.moaveni@tufts.edu
RI Barbosa, Andre/H-1708-2016; Moaveni, Babak/E-9083-2011;
OI Barbosa, Andre/0000-0003-4547-531X; Hemez, Francois/0000-0002-5319-4078
FU Englekirk Center Industry Advisory Board; Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory; Engineering Institute; Department of Civil Engineering of
the Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology [BD/17266/2004]
FX Partial supports of this study by the Englekirk Center Industry Advisory
Board and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory with Dr David
McCallen as program director are acknowledged. The authors would like to
thank Professors Jose Restrepo, Marios Panagiotou, and Ozgur Ozcelik as
well as the technical staff at the Englekirk Center for their help in
collecting the test data. The authors acknowledge the support of the
Engineering Institute, a joint educational and research program between
the University of California, San Diego, Jacobs School of Engineering
and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The second author would also
like to acknowledge the support provided by the Department of Civil
Engineering of the Universidade Nova de Lisboa and the Portuguese
Foundation for Science and Technology (BD/17266/2004). Any opinions,
findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this paper are
those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the
sponsors.
NR 32
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1545-2255
EI 1545-2263
J9 STRUCT CONTROL HLTH
JI Struct. Control. Health Monit.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
BP 466
EP 483
DI 10.1002/stc.1577
PG 18
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Instruments &
Instrumentation
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Instruments &
Instrumentation
GA AD1YP
UT WOS:000333029900002
ER
PT J
AU Jermwongratanachai, T
Jacobs, G
Shafer, WD
Ma, WP
Pendyala, VRR
Davis, BH
Kitiyanan, B
Khalid, S
Cronauer, DC
Kropf, AJ
Marshall, CL
AF Jermwongratanachai, Thani
Jacobs, Gary
Shafer, Wilson D.
Ma, Wenping
Pendyala, Venkat Ramana Rao
Davis, Burtron H.
Kitiyanan, Boonyarach
Khalid, Syed
Cronauer, Donald C.
Kropf, A. Jeremy
Marshall, Christopher L.
TI Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: Oxidation of a Fraction of Cobalt
Crystallites in Research Catalysts at the Onset of FT at Partial
Pressures Mimicking 50 % CO Conversion
SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS); Gas-to-liquids (GTL); Cobalt
crystallites; Size-dependent reoxidation
ID PROMOTED CO/AL2O3 CATALYSTS; IN-SITU EXAFS; ALUMINATE FORMATION;
DEACTIVATION; WATER; HYDROGENATION; REDUCIBILITY; PARTICLES; SUPPORT;
XANES
AB Freshly H-2-reduced catalyst samples and FTS catalyst samples (i.e., freshly reduced and immediately exposed to the onset of FTS conditions corresponding to 50 % CO conversion) were prepared. Each sample was coated in situ using molten polywax and solidified so that an air-protected sample was obtained, which was stored in inert gas. XAS was utilized to investigate the oxidation state of cobalt. A fraction of cobalt crystallites in the freshly reduced research catalysts having lower-than-commercial loading and smaller crystallites undergoes a degree of oxidation to CoO at the onset of FTS conditions simulating 50 % CO conversion (i.e., the H2O partial pressure is high enough to induce some oxidation). Therefore, by decreasing Co content with the aim of improving the dispersion of cobalt and Co efficiency, very small Co crystallites are obtained. Their reoxidation at the onset of FTS is an unintended consequence. Thus, catalysts should be designed to have an optimum narrow cluster size range-small enough to increase Co surface site densities, but large enough to avoid reoxidation, and the stability problems that arise from having unreduced Co in the working catalyst (e.g., a complex coalescence and reduction mechanism).
C1 [Jermwongratanachai, Thani; Jacobs, Gary; Shafer, Wilson D.; Ma, Wenping; Pendyala, Venkat Ramana Rao; Davis, Burtron H.] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA.
[Jermwongratanachai, Thani; Kitiyanan, Boonyarach] Chulalongkorn Univ, Petr & Petrochem Coll, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
[Khalid, Syed] Brookhaven Natl Lab, NSLS, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Cronauer, Donald C.; Kropf, A. Jeremy; Marshall, Christopher L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Davis, BH (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, 2540 Res Pk Dr, Lexington, KY 40511 USA.
EM burtron.davis@uky.edu
RI Marshall, Christopher/D-1493-2015; Jacobs, Gary/M-5349-2015
OI Marshall, Christopher/0000-0002-1285-7648; Jacobs,
Gary/0000-0003-0691-6717
FU NASA [NNX11AI75A]; commonwealth of Kentucky; US DOE, Division of
Materials Science and Chemical Science; Fulbright-Thailand Research Fund
scholarship program; U.S. DOE, Office of Fossil Energy, NETL; U.S. DOE,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was sponsored by a NASA grant (Relating FTS catalyst
properties to performance No. NNX11AI75A) and the commonwealth of
Kentucky. This research was carried out, in part, at the National
Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is
supported by the US DOE, Division of Materials Science and Chemical
Science. We are also grateful to the Fulbright-Thailand Research Fund
scholarship program for financial support for Mr. Thani
Jermwongratanachai. Argonne's research was supported in part by the U.S.
DOE, Office of Fossil Energy, NETL. The use of the APS was supported by
the U.S. DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. MRCAT operations are supported by the
DOE and the MRCAT member institutions.
NR 33
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 26
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1022-5528
EI 1572-9028
J9 TOP CATAL
JI Top. Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 57
IS 6-9
BP 479
EP 490
DI 10.1007/s11244-013-0204-1
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AC9BO
UT WOS:000332829200009
ER
PT J
AU Melaet, G
Lindeman, AE
Somorjai, GA
AF Melaet, Gerome
Lindeman, Avery E.
Somorjai, Gabor A.
TI Cobalt Particle Size Effects in the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis and in the
Hydrogenation of CO2 Studied with Nanoparticle Model Catalysts on Silica
SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cobalt nanoparticles; Structure Sensitivity; Fischer-Tropsch; CO2
hydrogenation; Selectivity; Size dependence
ID WATER-GAS SHIFT; IN-SITU DRIFTS; STRUCTURE SENSITIVITY; BIMETALLIC
NANOPARTICLES; PYRROLE HYDROGENATION; REACTION SELECTIVITY; MESOPOROUS
SILICA; STEADY-STATE; NM; MONODISPERSE
AB We have investigated the effect of cobalt nanoparticle size in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (CO/H-2) and have compared it to data obtained for carbon dioxide hydrogenation (CO2/H-2) using model catalysts produced by colloidal methods. Both reactions demonstrated size dependence, in which we observed an increase of the turnover frequency with increasing average particle size. In both case, a maximum activity was found for cobalt particles around 10-11 nm in size. Regarding the selectivity, no size-dependent effect has been observed for the CO2 hydrogenation, whereas CO hydrogenation selectivity depends both on the temperature and on the size of the particles. The hydrogenation of CO2 produces mainly methane and carbon monoxide for all sizes and temperatures. The Fischer-Tropsch reaction exhibited small changes in the selectivity at low temperature (below 250 A degrees C) while at high temperatures we observed an increase in chain growth with the increase of the size of cobalt particles. At 250 A degrees C, large crystallites exhibit a higher selectivity to olefin than to the paraffin equivalents, indicating a decrease in the hydrogenation activity.
C1 [Melaet, Gerome; Lindeman, Avery E.; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Melaet, Gerome; Lindeman, Avery E.; Somorjai, Gabor A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Somorjai, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM somorjai@berkeley.edu
RI Melaet, Gerome/N-4879-2015
OI Melaet, Gerome/0000-0003-1414-1683
FU Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geological and Biosciences of the US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Total
FX We acknowledge support from the Director, Office of Science, Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geological and
Biosciences of the US Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231. Funding for the high-pressure reactor was provided by
Total.
NR 48
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 92
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1022-5528
EI 1572-9028
J9 TOP CATAL
JI Top. Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 57
IS 6-9
BP 500
EP 507
DI 10.1007/s11244-013-0206-z
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AC9BO
UT WOS:000332829200011
ER
PT J
AU da Silva, AAA
Ribeiro, MC
Cronauer, DC
Kropf, AJ
Marshall, CL
Gao, P
Jacobs, G
Davis, BH
Noronha, FB
Mattos, LV
AF da Silva, Andressa A. A.
Ribeiro, Mauro C.
Cronauer, Donald C.
Kropf, A. Jeremy
Marshall, Christopher L.
Gao, Pei
Jacobs, Gary
Davis, Burtron H.
Noronha, Fabio B.
Mattos, Lisiane V.
TI Ethanol Reforming Reactions Over Co and Cu Based Catalysts Obtained from
LaCoCuO3 Perovskite-Type Oxides
SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Perovskite-type oxides; Combustion method; Ethanol conversion reactions;
Hydrogen production; Co and Cu catalysts
ID HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; PARTIAL OXIDATION; PRODUCE HYDROGEN; BIO-ETHANOL;
PT/CEZRO2 CATALYST; REACTION-MECHANISM; CARBON DEPOSITION; STEAM;
METHANE; REDUCTION
AB The performance of catalysts derived from LaCo1-xCuxO3 (x = 0.0 or 0.2) perovskite-type oxides for steam reforming (SR) and oxidative SR of ethanol at 773 K was evaluated. All catalysts deactivated during SR of ethanol. In the absence of Cu, the increase of calcination temperature from 873 to 1,073 K did not affect the stability of the samples. On the other hand, for the samples containing Cu, it was detected a higher rate of deactivation when the calcination temperature was increased. The loss of activity of LaCoO3 was attributed to the oxidation of Co metallic particles and amorphous carbon formation as revealed by in situ XAFS and thermogravimetric analyses. The addition of Cu favored the formation of carbon filaments. Moreover, the presence of oxygen in the feed decreased the carbon formation, improving the stability of the catalysts.
C1 [da Silva, Andressa A. A.; Ribeiro, Mauro C.; Noronha, Fabio B.] Inst Nacl Tecnol, BR-20081312 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[da Silva, Andressa A. A.; Mattos, Lisiane V.] Univ Fed Fluminense, BR-24210240 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
[Cronauer, Donald C.; Kropf, A. Jeremy; Marshall, Christopher L.] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA.
[Gao, Pei; Jacobs, Gary; Davis, Burtron H.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Mattos, LV (reprint author), Univ Fed Fluminense, Rua Passo Patria 156, BR-24210240 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
EM lisiane@vm.uff.br
RI Marshall, Christopher/D-1493-2015; Jacobs, Gary/M-5349-2015
OI Marshall, Christopher/0000-0002-1285-7648; Jacobs,
Gary/0000-0003-0691-6717
FU CNPq; LNLS [D04B-XAFS-1, 14405]; Commonwealth of Kentucky; U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy
Technology Laboratory (NETL) [AA-10-15, 49261-00-107]; U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Department of Energy; MRCAT member institutions;
[CTENERG/FINEP-01.04.0525.00]
FX Andressa A. A. da Silva and Mauro C. Ribeiro acknowledge the scholarship
received from CNPq. This work received financial support of
CTENERG/FINEP-01.04.0525.00. The authors thank also LNLS for the support
and beamline time under project # D04B-XAFS-1, 14405. The work carried
out at the CAER was supported in part by funding from the Commonwealth
of Kentucky. Argonne's research was supported in part by the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Fossil Energy, National Energy
Technology Laboratory (NETL) under Project AA-10-15; 49261-00-107. The
use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. MRCAT operations are supported by the
Department of Energy and MRCAT member institutions.
NR 43
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 41
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1022-5528
EI 1572-9028
J9 TOP CATAL
JI Top. Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 57
IS 6-9
BP 637
EP 655
DI 10.1007/s11244-013-0222-z
PG 19
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AC9BO
UT WOS:000332829200026
ER
PT J
AU Liu, CC
Bolin, T
Northrup, P
Lee, S
McEnally, C
Kelleher, P
Pfefferle, L
Haller, GL
AF Liu, Changchang
Bolin, Trudy
Northrup, Paul
Lee, Sungchul
McEnally, Charles
Kelleher, Patrick
Pfefferle, Lisa
Haller, Gary L.
TI Combined Zr and S XANES Analysis on S-ZrO2/MWCNT Solid Acid Catalyst
SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE S XANES; First-derivative Analysis; Third-derivative analysis;
Multiple-edge XANES; Sulfated zirconia; Solid acid catalyst
ID SULFATED ZIRCONIA; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; ZRO2/MWCNT COMPOSITES;
CARBON NANOTUBES; RECENT PROGRESS; NANOPARTICLES; SPECTRA
AB Sulfated zirconia (S-ZrO2) is a versatile solid acid catalyst that has wide application in hydrocarbon conversion reactions. In our previous work, we have developed well-dispersed ZrO2 nanoparticles supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) to form a ZrO2/MWCNT composite, which, upon sulfation, becomes a S-ZrO2/MWCNT solid acid catalyst. While X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) of this composite at the C, O, Zr K-edges has been well studied in our previous reports, XAS at the S K-edge is complicated by the Zr L-edges that bracket the S K-edge. In this study, we have used conventional S XANES, together with first-derivative and third-derivative analysis, to probe the sulfur species formed during the catalyst preparation and their interaction with Zr. We have also designed combined Zr and S XANES, which spans 400 eV and covers all three Zr L-edges and the S K-edge, to study the Zr and S interaction. Such use of multiple-edge XANES to study the S-ZrO2 system at low X-ray energy (2,200-2,600 eV) was first reported in the previous publication of our research group, and in this paper we elaborate on the comprehensive study of our catalyst system using this method.
C1 [Liu, Changchang; McEnally, Charles; Kelleher, Patrick; Pfefferle, Lisa; Haller, Gary L.] Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Bolin, Trudy] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Northrup, Paul] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Lee, Sungchul] Samsung SDI Co Ltd, Corp R&D Ctr, Energy Lab, Yongin 446577, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
RP Haller, GL (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
EM gary.haller@yale.edu
RI McEnally, Charles/N-9999-2016
OI McEnally, Charles/0000-0002-6820-921X
FU DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-01ER15183]; AFOSR MURI
[FA9550-08-0309]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U. S. Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; U. S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The authors (C. L., L. P. and G. L. H. of Yale University) are grateful
to the DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, grant DE-FG02-01ER15183,
and AFOSR MURI grant FA9550-08-0309 for financial support. The use of
the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated
for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne
National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. Electron Microscopy work was carried out by Dong Su
at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, which is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Use of
the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory,
was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886,
and we wish to thank the beam line scientists Dario Arena, George
Sterbinsky, and Jing Liu of U4B for their onsite help. We would also
like to thank Fang Fang, Gayatri Keskar, Magdalena Majewska, Fang Ren,
and Nan Yi of our research group, and Hong Wang of Nanyang Technological
University (Singapore) for their assistance and help in collecting data
on the beamlines.
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 29
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1022-5528
EI 1572-9028
J9 TOP CATAL
JI Top. Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 57
IS 6-9
BP 693
EP 705
DI 10.1007/s11244-013-0226-8
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AC9BO
UT WOS:000332829200030
ER
PT J
AU Soykal, II
Sohn, H
Miller, JT
Ozkan, US
AF Soykal, I. Ilgaz
Sohn, Hyuntae
Miller, Jeffrey T.
Ozkan, Umit S.
TI Investigation of the Reduction/Oxidation Behavior of Cobalt Supported on
Nano-ceria
SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cobalt; Particle size; Ceria; Reduction; Kissinger; XANES; Quantitative
isothermal reduction (QIR)
ID FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS; WATER-GAS SHIFT; PREFERENTIAL OXIDATION;
IN-SITU; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; CO/CEO2 CATALYSTS; PARTICLE-SIZE; ETHANOL;
METAL; REDUCIBILITY
AB The oxidation and reduction behavior of cobalt catalysts supported on nano-ceria (5-8 nm) was investigated under hydrogen, oxygen and water atmospheres. A novel quantitative isothermal reduction (QIR) technique was introduced to analyze the kinetics and activation barrier of Co reduction. CoO to Co reduction was found to be of first order in the 250-350 A degrees C temperature range. Temperature programmed reduction and oxidation experiments were conducted and the Kissinger method was used to obtain apparent activation energies for reduction and oxidation with O-2. The apparent activation energy for CoO reduction was found to agree with that obtained from the QIR technique. Re-oxidation of Co metal was found to have a slightly lower activation energy barrier than the reduction. The reduction and oxidation behavior was further investigated with in situ XANES where the reaction order for reduction was observed to change at 450 A degrees C. The pre-reduced samples were seen to re-oxidize under a water atmosphere, where the oxidation followed first order kinetics. Re-oxidation by water yielded a higher activation energy when compared to re-oxidation under oxygen.
C1 [Soykal, I. Ilgaz; Sohn, Hyuntae; Ozkan, Umit S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Miller, Jeffrey T.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Ozkan, US (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 140 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM ozkan.1@osu.edu
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG36-05GO15033]; Dow Chemical Company; State
of Illinois; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-ACO2-06CH11357]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the funding from the US Department of Energy
for the Grant DE-FG36-05GO15033. XAFS portion of this work was performed
at the Dupont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team (DND-CAT)
located at Sector 5 of the Advanced Photon Source (APS). E.I. DuPont de
Nemours & Co., The Dow Chemical Company and the State of Illinois
supported DND-CAT. Use of the APS was supported by the US Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under
Contract No. DE-ACO2-06CH11357.
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 51
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1022-5528
EI 1572-9028
J9 TOP CATAL
JI Top. Catal.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 57
IS 6-9
BP 785
EP 795
DI 10.1007/s11244-013-0235-7
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AC9BO
UT WOS:000332829200039
ER
PT J
AU Etminan, N
Buchholz, BA
Dreier, R
Bruckner, P
Torner, JC
Steiger, HJ
Hanggi, D
Macdonald, RL
AF Etminan, Nima
Buchholz, Bruce A.
Dreier, Rita
Bruckner, Peter
Torner, James C.
Steiger, Hans-Jakob
Haenggi, Daniel
Macdonald, R. Loch
TI Cerebral Aneurysms: Formation, Progression, and Developmental Chronology
SO TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Intracranial aneurysms; Aneurysm progression; Aneurysm formation;
Developmental chronology
ID UNRUPTURED INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSMS; ACCELERATOR MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BOMB
C-14 DATA; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; NATURAL-HISTORY; ENDOVASCULAR
TREATMENT; COMPUTATIONAL MODEL; JAPANESE COHORT; AGE CALIBRATION; CELL
TURNOVER
AB The prevalence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) in the general population is up to 3 %. Existing epidemiological data suggests that only a small fraction of UIAs progress towards rupture over the lifetime of an individual, but the surrogates for subsequent rupture and the natural history of UIAs are discussed very controversially at present. In case of rupture of an UIA, the case fatality is up to 50 %, which therefore continues to stimulate interest in the pathogenesis of cerebral aneurysm formation and progression. Actual data on the chronological development of cerebral aneurysm has been especially difficult to obtain and, until recently, the existing knowledge in this respect is mainly derived from animal or mathematical models or short-term observational studies. Here, we review the current data on cerebral aneurysm formation and progression as well as a novel approach to investigate the developmental chronology of cerebral aneurysms.
C1 [Etminan, Nima; Steiger, Hans-Jakob; Haenggi, Daniel] Univ Dusseldorf, Fac Med, Dept Neurosurg, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
[Buchholz, Bruce A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Dreier, Rita; Bruckner, Peter] Univ Munster, Inst Physiol Chem & Pathobiochem, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
[Torner, James C.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA.
[Macdonald, R. Loch] Univ Toronto, St Michaels Hosp,Keenan Res Ctr, Labatt Family Ctr Excellence Brain Injury & Traum, Div Neurosurg,Dept Surg,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Ins, Toronto, ON, Canada.
RP Etminan, N (reprint author), Univ Dusseldorf, Fac Med, Dept Neurosurg, Moorenstr 5, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.
EM etminan@uni-duesseldorf.de
FU Physicians Services Incorporated Foundation; Brain Aneurysm Foundation;
Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Heart and Stroke Foundation of
Ontario; NIH/NIGMS [8P41GM103483]; US Department of Energy by Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX NE and RLM receive grant support from the Physicians Services
Incorporated Foundation. RLM receives grant support from the Brain
Aneurysm Foundation, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, and the
Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario. RLM is a consultant for Actelion
Pharmaceuticals and Chief Scientific Officer of Edge Therapeutics, Inc.
NE, DH, and RLM are scientific advisors/officers for Edge Therapeutics,
Inc.; Support was also provided by NIH/NIGMS 8P41GM103483. This work was
performed in part under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 68
TC 5
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1868-4483
EI 1868-601X
J9 TRANSL STROKE RES
JI Transl. Stroke Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 2
BP 167
EP 173
DI 10.1007/s12975-013-0294-x
PG 7
WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA AD2FT
UT WOS:000333050000002
PM 24323717
ER
PT J
AU Vilim, M
Botterud, A
AF Vilim, Michael
Botterud, Audun
TI Wind power bidding in electricity markets with high wind penetration
SO APPLIED ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Wind; Power; Bidding; Pricing; Electricity; Imbalance
ID UNCERTAINTY; GENERATION; ENERGY
AB Objective: The optimal day-ahead bidding strategy is studied for a wind power producer operating in an electricity market with high wind penetration.
Methods: A generalized electricity market is studied with minimal assumptions about the structure of the production, bidding, or consumption of electricity. Two electricity imbalance pricing schemes are investigated, the one price and the two price scheme. A stochastic market model is created to capture the price effects of wind power production and consumption. A bidding algorithm called SCOPES (Supply Curve One Price Estimation Strategy) is developed for the one price system. A bidding algorithm called MIMICS (Multivariate Interdependence Minimizing Imbalance Cost Strategy) is developed for the two price system.
Results: Both bidding strategies are shown to have advantages over the assumed "default" bidding strategy, the point forecast.
Conclusion: The success of these strategies even in the case of high deviation penalties in a one price system and the implicit deviation penalties of the two price system has substantial implications for power producers and system operators in electricity markets with a high level of wind penetration.
Practice implications: From an electricity market design perspective, the results indicate that further penalties or regulations may be needed to reduce system imbalance. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vilim, Michael; Botterud, Audun] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Vilim, Michael] Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
RP Vilim, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
EM michael.vilim@gmail.com; abotterud@anl.gov
NR 29
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0306-2619
EI 1872-9118
J9 APPL ENERG
JI Appl. Energy
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 141
EP 155
DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.11.055
PG 15
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AC3PZ
UT WOS:000332435000015
ER
PT J
AU Dhingra, S
Hsu, JF
Vlassiouk, I
D'Urso, B
AF Dhingra, Shonali
Hsu, Jen-Feng
Vlassiouk, Ivan
D'Urso, Brian
TI Chemical vapor deposition of graphene on large-domain ultra-flat copper
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID FEW-LAYER GRAPHENE; LARGE-AREA; MONOLAYER GRAPHENE; HIGH-QUALITY; FILMS;
GROWTH; FOILS; NUCLEATION; GRAPHITE; HYDROGEN
AB Copper foil is the most commonly used substrate for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of graphene, despite the impact of its surface roughness and polycrystalline structure on the resulting graphene. Here we present a method of preparing thick, ultra-flat copper substrates for growing graphene by CVD. We demonstrate the growth of graphene on these substrates using the common Atmospheric Pressure CVD (APCVD) and Low Pressure CVD (LPCVD) methods. We show that compared to copper foil, graphene grown on these thick ultra-flat copper substrates by APCVD results in 50 times smoother graphene on copper. Furthermore, the thick copper substrates have at least 5 times larger copper domains, compared to conventionally prepared copper foil. The evolution of the surface roughness in each growth method is also presented. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dhingra, Shonali; Hsu, Jen-Feng; D'Urso, Brian] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Vlassiouk, Ivan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP D'Urso, B (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
EM dursobr@pitt.edu
RI Vlassiouk, Ivan/F-9587-2010
OI Vlassiouk, Ivan/0000-0002-5494-0386
FU DARPA Young Faculty Award
FX We thank W. J. Choyke and his students, D. Yates and N. Grama, for
helping us with the roughness measurements on the interferometer. This
research was supported by a DARPA Young Faculty Award.
NR 42
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 6
U2 110
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
EI 1873-3891
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 69
BP 188
EP 193
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.12.014
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA AB6RT
UT WOS:000331917900020
ER
PT J
AU Voylov, DN
Agapov, AL
Sokolov, AP
Shulga, YM
Arbuzov, AA
AF Voylov, Dmitry N.
Agapov, Alexander L.
Sokolov, Alexei P.
Shulga, Yuri M.
Arbuzov, Artem A.
TI Room temperature reduction of multilayer graphene oxide film on a copper
substrate: Penetration and participation of copper phase in redox
reactions
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID EXFOLIATED GRAPHITE OXIDE; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS;
THIN-FILMS; SHEETS; XPS; NANOELECTRONICS; TRANSPARENT; NANOSHEETS;
EVOLUTION
AB A self-reduction of graphene oxide (GO) at room temperature after prolonged storage on a copper substrate is evidenced by decrease of oxygen content and a dramatic, 6 orders in magnitude, increase in dc conductivity. Experiments revealed that the stored GO film contains copper hydroxide phase embedded in the reduced GO structure. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Voylov, Dmitry N.; Agapov, Alexander L.; Sokolov, Alexei P.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Voylov, Dmitry N.; Shulga, Yuri M.; Arbuzov, Artem A.] RAS, Inst Problems Chem Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia.
[Voylov, Dmitry N.; Shulga, Yuri M.] RAS, Sci Ctr Chernogolovka, Joint Analyt Ctr, Chernogolovka 142432, Moscow Region, Russia.
[Agapov, Alexander L.; Sokolov, Alexei P.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37996 USA.
RP Voylov, DN (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Chem, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM dvoylov@utk.edu
RI Voylov, Dmitry/H-4059-2013; Arbuzov, Artem/P-6017-2014
OI Voylov, Dmitry/0000-0001-5552-6024;
FU Russian Foundation of Basic Researches [11-03-01190-a]; Basic Research
Program of the Presidium of RAS [24]; Division of Materials Science and
Engineering, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
FX This research was funded by the Russian Foundation of Basic Researches
(11-03-01190-a) and the Basic Research Program of the Presidium of RAS
(#24). US team acknowledges partial financial support from the Division
of Materials Science and Engineering, U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences. These studies were performed in the framework
of the US-Russia agreement on Collaboration in Clean Energy
Technologies.
NR 47
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 27
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
EI 1873-3891
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 69
BP 563
EP 570
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.12.067
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA AB6RT
UT WOS:000331917900060
ER
PT J
AU Donovan, SM
Desroches, LB
Pirie, MF
Greenblatt, JB
AF Donovan, Sally M.
Desroches, Louis-Benoit
Pirie, Mia Forbes
Greenblatt, Jeffery B.
TI Determination of accurate television usage profiles: a US case study
SO ENERGY EFFICIENCY
LA English
DT Article
DE Energy efficiency; US appliance standards; Television; Hours of use;
Residential
AB In order to project the potential energy savings from implementing energy efficiency policy, realistic usage profiles are essential. In the case of televisions (TVs), these usage profiles can be complex due to the range of functions TVs provide, the increasing number of TVs per household, the increasing hours of TV viewing, and the changing usage of a TV over its lifetime. Calculating the energy use of a TV over its lifetime is a challenge because, when a new TV is purchased, the old TV is often maintained and used less frequently in another room in the home, rather than being disposed of. Due to limited access to comprehensive usage data, previous analyses have either assumed a single static usage value, based on either metered or survey data, or estimated a usage profile adjusted from measured values to account for possible increases in future viewing. In this analysis, we investigate detailed TV usage over time using historical metered TV use data from more than 12,000 U.S. households, collected by The Nielsen Company. We found that the main TV in a household is used for 7.2 h per day, while other TVs are used for 2.5 h per day or less. We also found that 65 % of TVs in the total stock are considered the "main" TV. Combining this information, we determined the mean hours per day per TV to be 5.5.
C1 [Donovan, Sally M.] Sally Donovan Environm Res, Ocean Grove, Vic, Australia.
[Desroches, Louis-Benoit; Greenblatt, Jeffery B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Pirie, Mia Forbes] Policy Partners, London, England.
RP Donovan, SM (reprint author), Sally Donovan Environm Res, 22 Arcturus Rd, Ocean Grove, Vic, Australia.
EM smdonovan53@gmail.com
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-646X
EI 1570-6478
J9 ENERG EFFIC
JI Energy Effic.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 2
BP 257
EP 270
DI 10.1007/s12053-013-9222-x
PG 14
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Environmental
Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental
Sciences & Ecology
GA AC8NF
UT WOS:000332789200006
ER
PT J
AU Kabirian, F
Khan, AS
Pandey, A
AF Kabirian, Farhoud
Khan, Akhtar S.
Pandey, Amit
TI Negative to positive strain rate sensitivity in 5xxx series aluminum
alloys: Experiment and constitutive modeling
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
LA English
DT Article
DE 5xxx series aluminum alloys; Strain rate sensitivity; Dynamic strain
aging; Constitutive modeling
ID WIDE-RANGE; ANISOTROPIC RESPONSES; SOLID-SOLUTIONS; FCC METALS;
TEMPERATURES; FLOW; BEHAVIOR; AA5083-H116; MECHANISMS; AA5182-O
AB Uniaxial tension and compression tests, at both quasi-static and dynamic ranges of loadings, are utilized to study the thermo-mechanical response of an AA5182-O sheet The strain rate at quasi-static regime ranges from 10(-4) to 10(0) (s(-1)) and at dynamic loading is chosen to be around 3500 (s-1). Measurements are reported at temperatures of 296 K, 338 K, 373 K, 423 K, and 473 K. While at temperatures lower than the critical temperature of T-c, the flow stress decreases with increase of strain rate during quasi-static loading; above this temperature, the measured response shows positive strain rate sensitivity at the same strain rate range. In contrast, significant positive strain rate sensitivity prevails at dynamic loading over the whole range of temperature. A constitutive model is proposed to predict the stress-strain response of the alloy over the studied strain rate and temperature ranges. The developed model is also calibrated for another AA5xxx alloy series, AA5754-O, to evaluate the capability of the developed model in capturing transition from negative to positive strain rate sensitivity. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kabirian, Farhoud; Khan, Akhtar S.; Pandey, Amit] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Pandey, Amit] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Kabirian, F (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
EM farhoud1@umbc.edu; Khan@umbc.edu
NR 41
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 8
U2 31
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0749-6419
EI 1879-2154
J9 INT J PLASTICITY
JI Int. J. Plast.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 55
BP 232
EP 246
DI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2013.11.001
PG 15
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics
GA AC8VC
UT WOS:000332812200013
ER
PT J
AU Mi, HY
Li, Z
Turng, LS
Sun, YG
Gong, SQ
AF Mi, Hao-Yang
Li, Zheng
Turng, Lih-Sheng
Sun, Yugang
Gong, Shaoqin
TI Silver nanowire/thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer nanocomposites:
Thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties
SO MATERIALS & DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE Silver nanowire; Thermoplastic polyurethane; Elastomer; Nanocomposites;
Dielectric property
ID IN-SITU POLYMERIZATION; ARTIFICIAL MUSCLE; COMPOSITES; PERFORMANCE;
NETWORK; ACTUATORS; NANOWIRES; FILM; NANOPARTICLES; FABRICATION
AB Films of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-stabilized silver nanowire (AgNW)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomer nanocomposites were fabricated and characterized. With increasing loading levels of AgNW, the transparency of the nanocomposite films was reduced, but their crystallization temperatures increased, suggesting that AgNW could serve as crystallization nucleating agents. The addition of AgNW also enhanced both the Young's moduli and storage moduli of the nanocomposite films, but caused a reduction in their strain-at-break (from 536% to 304% with 1.5 vol.% AgNW) and ultimate strength (from 12.7 to 9.8 MPa with 1.5 vol.% AgNW). The specific toughness was the highest for nanocomposites with AgNW loading levels of 0.03 vol.% and 0.05 vol.%. In addition, the dielectric constant of the nanocomposite films with 1.5 vol.% AgNW was 9 times higher than that of pure TPU at 1 kHz, while the dielectric loss of all nanocomposite films studied was less than 0.2. Thus, AgNW/TPU elastomer nanocomposites with varying mechanical, dielectric, and thermal properties can be engineered by adding a small amount of AgNW. These nanocomposites can potentially be used for a wide range of applications including dielectric materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Mi, Hao-Yang] S China Univ Technol, Natl Engn Res Ctr Novel Equipment Polymer Proc, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Mi, Hao-Yang; Turng, Lih-Sheng; Gong, Shaoqin] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Inst Discovery, Madison, WI 53715 USA.
[Mi, Hao-Yang; Turng, Lih-Sheng] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Li, Zheng; Sun, Yugang] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Gong, Shaoqin] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomed Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Gong, SQ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Inst Discovery, 330 North Orchard St, Madison, WI 53715 USA.
EM sgong@engr.wisc.edu
RI Sun, Yugang /A-3683-2010; Li, Zheng/L-1355-2016
OI Sun, Yugang /0000-0001-6351-6977; Li, Zheng/0000-0001-5281-8101
FU Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery at the University of
Wisconsin-Madison; China Scholarship Council; U.S. Department of Energy;
Office of Science; Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the helpful suggestions provided
by Dr. Srikanth Pilla and financial support from the Wisconsin
Institutes for Discovery at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and the
China Scholarship Council. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, the Office of Science, and
the Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 45
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 13
U2 150
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0261-3069
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 56
BP 398
EP 404
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.11.029
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA AB3WO
UT WOS:000331721100052
ER
PT J
AU Bay, TV
Jackson, M
Paulsen, C
Baines, C
Amato, A
Orvis, T
Aronson, MC
Huang, YK
de Visser, A
AF Bay, T. V.
Jackson, M.
Paulsen, C.
Baines, C.
Amato, A.
Orvis, T.
Aronson, M. C.
Huang, Y. K.
de Visser, A.
TI Low field magnetic response of the non-centrosymmetric superconductor
YPtBi
SO SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Superconductors; Muon spin relaxation; Lower critical field; Magnetic
properties
ID TOPOLOGICAL INSULATORS; SPIN
AB The low-field magnetic response of the non-centrosymmetric superconductor YPtBi (T-c = 0.77 K) is investigated. Ac-susceptibility and dc-magnetization measurements provide solid evidence for bulk superconductivity with a volume fraction of similar to 70%. The lower critical field is surprisingly small: B-c1 = 0.008 mT (T -> 0). Muon spin rotation experiments in a transverse magnetic field of 0.01 T show a weak increase of the Gaussian damping rate sigma(pi) below T-c, which yields a London penetration depth lambda = 1.6 +/- 0.2 mu m. The zero-field Kubo-Toyabe relaxation rate sigma(KT) equals 0.129 +/- 0.004 mu s(-1) and does not show a significant change below T-c, This puts an upper bound of 0.04 rnT on the spontaneous magnetic field associated with a possible odd -parity component in the superconducting order parameter. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
C1 [Bay, T. V.; Huang, Y. K.; de Visser, A.] Univ Amsterdam, Van der Waals Zeeman Inst, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Jackson, M.; Paulsen, C.] Inst Neel, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France.
[Jackson, M.; Paulsen, C.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Baines, C.; Amato, A.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Muon Spin Spect, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Orvis, T.; Aronson, M. C.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Aronson, M. C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP de Visser, A (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Van der Waals Zeeman Inst, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.
EM a.devisser@uva.nl
RI Jackson, Martin/N-2481-2013; Amato, Alex/H-7674-2013
OI Jackson, Martin/0000-0001-7862-3476; Amato, Alex/0000-0001-9963-7498
FU European Commission [283883]; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH1886]
FX This work is carried out in the research programme on Topological
Insulators of the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM),
which is part of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research
(NWO). Part of the experiments was carried out at the Swiss Muon Source
S mu S (PSI, Villigen, Switzerland) with support by the European
Commission under the 7th Framework Programme through the Research
Infrastructures action of the Capacities Programme, NMI3-II Grant no.
283883. Work at Brookhaven National Laboratory was carried out under the
auspices of the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
under Contract no, DE-AC02-98CH1886,
NR 26
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 36
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0038-1098
EI 1879-2766
J9 SOLID STATE COMMUN
JI Solid State Commun.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 183
BP 13
EP 17
DI 10.1016/j.ssc.2013.12.010
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AC3DU
UT WOS:000332396000003
ER
PT J
AU Humphrey, E
Phatak, C
Petford-Long, AK
De Graef, M
AF Humphrey, E.
Phatak, C.
Petford-Long, A. K.
De Graef, M.
TI Separation of electrostatic and magnetic phase shifts using a modified
transport-of-intensity equation
SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lorentz transmission electron microscopy; Phase reconstruction;
Transport of intensity equation
ID LORENTZ MICROSCOPY; RETRIEVAL
AB We introduce a new approach for the separation of the electrostatic and magnetic components of the electron wave phase shift, based on the transport-of-intensity equation (TIE) formalism. We derive two separate TIE-like equations, one for each of the phase shift components. We use experimental results On FeCoB and Permalloy patterned islands to illustrate how the magnetic and electrostatic longitudinal derivatives can be computed. The main advantage of this new approach is the fact that the differences in the power spectra of the two phase components (electrostatic phase shifts often have significant power in the higher frequencies) can be accommodated by the selection of two different Tikhonov regularization parameters for the two phase reconstructions. The extra computational demands or the method are more than compensated by the improved phase reconstruction results. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
C1 [Humphrey, E.; De Graef, M.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Phatak, C.; Petford-Long, A. K.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP De Graef, M (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RI Phatak, Charudatta/A-1874-2010; DeGraef, Marc/G-5827-2010; Petford-Long,
Amanda/P-6026-2014
OI DeGraef, Marc/0000-0002-4721-6226; Petford-Long,
Amanda/0000-0002-3154-8090
FU US Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-FG02-01EK45893]; U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Materials Sciences and
Engineering Division; U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-ACO2-06CH11357]
FX The CMU portion of this research was supported by the US Department of
Energy, Basic Energy Sciences under Grant # DE-FG02-01EK45893. Part of
this work was completed while MDG was on a sabbatical stay in the Center
for Electron Microscopy and Analysis (CEMAS) at the Ohio State
University. Work by CP and AKPL was supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering
Division. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials was supported by the
U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No, DE-ACO2-06CH11357
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3991
EI 1879-2723
J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY
JI Ultramicroscopy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 139
BP 5
EP 12
DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2014.01.005
PG 8
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA AC4ZZ
UT WOS:000332531400002
PM 24513573
ER
PT J
AU Xin, HLL
Dwyer, C
Muller, DA
AF Xin, Huolin L.
Dwyer, Christian
Muller, David A.
TI Is there a Stobbs factor in atomic-resolution STEM-EELS mapping?
SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Atomic resolution STEM-EELS; Stobbs factor; Inelastic scattering; Double
channeling; Delocalization
ID ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; CROSS-SECTIONS; SCATTERING; MICROSCOPY;
IONIZATION; IMAGES; SHELL
AB Recent work has convincingly argued that the Stobbs factor disagreement in contrast between simulated and experimental atomic-resolution images in ADF-STEM imaging can be accounted for by including the incoherent source size in simulation. However, less progress has been made for atomic-resolution STEM-EELS mapping. Here we have performed carefully calibrated EELS mapping experiments of a [101] DyScO3 single-crystal specimen, allowing atomic-resolution EELS signals to be extracted on an absolute scale for a large range of thicknesses. By simultaneously recording the elastic signal, also on an absolute scale, and using it to characterize the source size, sample thickness and inelastic mean free path, we eliminate all free parameters in the simulation of the core-loss signals. Coupled with double channeling simulations that incorporate both core-loss inelastic scattering and dynamical elastic and thermal diffuse scattering, the present work enables a close scrutiny of the scattering physics in the inelastic channel. We found that by taking into account the effective source distribution determined from the ADF images, both the absolute signal and the contrast in atomic resolution Dy-M-5 maps can be closely reproduced by the double channeling simulations. At lower energy losses, discrepancies are present in the Sc-L-2,L-3 and Dy-N-4,N-5 maps due to the energy dependent spatial distribution of the background spectrum, core hole effects, and omitted complexities in the final states. This work has demonstrated the possibility of using quantitative STEM EELS for element specific column-by-column atom counting at higher energy losses and for atomic like final states, and has elucidated several possible improvements for future theoretical work. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Xin, Huolin L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Dwyer, Christian] Monash Univ, Monash Ctr Electron Microscopy, ARC Ctr Excellence Design Light Met, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
[Dwyer, Christian] Monash Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
[Muller, David A.] Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Muller, David A.] Cornell Univ, Kavli Inst Cornell Nanoscale Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Xin, HLL (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM hxin@bnl.gov; c.dwyer@fz-juelich.de; dm24@cornell.edu
RI Xin, Huolin/E-2747-2010;
OI Xin, Huolin/0000-0002-6521-868X; Muller, David/0000-0003-4129-0473
FU Energy Materials Center at Cornell, an Energy Frontier Research Center
[DE-SC0001086]; NSF MRSEC [DMR-1120296]; Australian Research Council
[DP110104734]
FX Funded by the Energy Materials Center at Cornell, an Energy Frontier
Research Center (DOE #DE-SC0001086). This work made use of the Cornell
Center for Materials Research Shared Facilities which are supported
through the NSF MRSEC program (DMR-1120296). C.D. would like to thank
Philip Chan, eSolutions-Research Support Services and the Monash
e-Research Centre for the use of Monash Central HPC cluster, and
acknowledges financial support from the Australian Research Council
(DP110104734), Author contributions: H.L.X. conceived, designed, and
performed the quantitative experiments, carried out the elastic
scattering simulations and analyzed the experimental data. CD. wrote the
code for and performed the inelastic scattering simulations. C.D. and
H.L.X. wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed to the discussions
and know the implications of the results. Correspondence and requests
for materials should be addressed to H.L.X.
NR 37
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3991
EI 1879-2723
J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY
JI Ultramicroscopy
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 139
BP 38
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2014.01.006
PG 9
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA AC4ZZ
UT WOS:000332531400006
PM 24561427
ER
PT J
AU Kostylev, M
Alahuhta, M
Chen, M
Brunecky, R
Himmel, ME
Lunin, VV
Brady, J
Wilson, DB
AF Kostylev, Maxim
Alahuhta, Markus
Chen, Mo
Brunecky, Roman
Himmel, Michael E.
Lunin, Vladimir V.
Brady, John
Wilson, David B.
TI Cel48A From Thermobifida fusca: Structure and Site Directed Mutagenesis
of Key Residues
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Cel48A; Thermobifida fusca; cellulose; cellulase
ID TRICHODERMA-REESEI CELLOBIOHYDROLASE; CLOSTRIDIUM-THERMOCELLUM
CELLULOSOME; QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; CRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE;
FAMILY 48; AROMATIC RESIDUES; BINDING DOMAIN; KINETIC-MODEL; CELLULASES;
HYDROLYSIS
AB Lignocellulosic biomass is a potential source of sustainable transportation fuels, but efficient enzymatic saccharification of cellulose is a key challenge in its utilization. Cellulases from the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 48 constitute an important component of bacterial biomass degrading systems and structures of three enzymes from this family have been previously published. We report a new crystal structure of TfCel48A, a reducing end directed exocellulase from Thermobifida fusca, which shows that this enzyme shares important structural features with the other members of the GH48 family. The active site tunnel entrance of the known GH48 exocellulases is enriched in aromatic residues, which are known to interact well with anhydroglucose units of cellulose. We carried out site-directed mutagenesis studies of these aromatic residues (Y97, F195, Y213, and W313) along with two non-aromatic residues (N212 and S311) also located around the tunnel entrance and a W315 residue inside the active site tunnel. Only the aromatic residues located around the tunnel entrance appear to be important for the ability of TfCel48A to access individual cellulose chains on bacterial cellulose (BC), a crystalline substrate. Both Trp residues were found to be important for the processivity of TfCel48A on BC and phosphoric acid swollen cellulose (PASC), but only W313 appears to play a role in the ability of the enzyme to access individual cellulose chains in BC. When acting on BC, reduced processivity was found to correlate with reduced enzyme activity. The reverse, however, is true when PASC is the substrate. Presumably, higher density of available cellulose chain ends and the amorphous nature of PASC explain the increased initial activity of mutants with lower processivity. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2014;111: 664-673. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Kostylev, Maxim; Wilson, David B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Alahuhta, Markus; Brunecky, Roman; Himmel, Michael E.; Lunin, Vladimir V.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO USA.
[Chen, Mo; Brady, John] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Kostylev, M (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, 458 Biotechnol Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM mk377@cornell.edu
RI Kostylev, Mikhail/H-5214-2014
NR 44
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 35
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0006-3592
EI 1097-0290
J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG
JI Biotechnol. Bioeng.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 4
BP 664
EP 673
DI 10.1002/bit.25139
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA AB7YY
UT WOS:000332008500003
PM 24264519
ER
PT J
AU Peoples, BK
McManamay, RA
Orth, DJ
Frimpong, EA
AF Peoples, Brandon K.
McManamay, Ryan A.
Orth, Donald J.
Frimpong, Emmanuel A.
TI Nesting habitat use by river chubs in a hydrologically variable
Appalachian tailwater
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE impoundment; hydrology; Nocomis; spawning habitat; ecosystem engineer;
keystone species
ID FRESH-WATER FISH; ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; NOCOMIS-LEPTOCEPHALUS;
NOTROPIS-LUTIPINNIS; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; REGULARIZED SPLINE; YELLOWFIN
SHINERS; ROUGH SHINER; STREAM; RESTORATION
AB As hydrologic alteration continues to affect aquatic biodiversity, knowledge of the spawning requirements of fishes, especially 'keystone' or 'foundation' species, is critical for conservation and management. The objectives of this study were to quantify the spawning micro- and mesohabitat use of river chub Nocomis micropogon, a gravel mound nesting minnow, in a hydrologically regulated river in North Carolina, USA. At the microhabitat scale, substrate sizes on nests were compared with pebble counts in 1-m(2) adjacent quadrats. Average depths and current velocities at nests were compared with measurements from paired transects. At the mesohabitat scale, generalised linear mixed models (GLMMs) were used to identify the importance of average bed slope, average depth and percentages of rock outcrops (a measure of flow heterogeneity and velocity shelters) for predicting nest presence and abundance. To relate nesting activities to hydrologic alteration from dam operation, nest dimensions were measured before and after a scheduled discharge event approximately six times that of base flow. Additionally, linear regression was used to predict changes in the use of flow refugia and overhead cover with increased fluvial distance from the dam. Microhabitats in which nests were placed had, on average, slower current velocities and shallower depths. Gravel diameters of nests were significantly smaller than substrate particles adjacent to nests. GLMMs revealed that mesohabitats with nests were shallower, had more moderate slopes and greater proportions of rock outcrops than mesohabitats without nests. The scheduled discharge event significantly flattened nests. Near the dam, nests were built in close proximity (<= 2m) to velocity shelters; this relationship diminished with distance from the dam. River chubs are spawning habitat specialists. Because multiple species rely on river chub nests for reproduction and food, the needs of this species should be considered when managing instream flows.
C1 [Peoples, Brandon K.; Orth, Donald J.; Frimpong, Emmanuel A.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[McManamay, Ryan A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Peoples, BK (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM bpeoples@vt.edu
OI Orth, Donald/0000-0002-9236-0147
FU Cheoah Fund Board; U.S. Forest Service; Edna Bailey Sussman Foundation;
Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society; Cheoah Fund Board, Alcoa Power;
Cheoah Fund Board, U.S. Forest Service; Cheoah Fund Board, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service; Cheoah Fund Board, North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission; Cheoah Fund Board, North Carolina Department of Environment
and Natural Resources, Division of Water Resources
FX This work was funded by the Cheoah Fund Board, a multiagency
collaboration between Alcoa Power, U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, and the
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division
of Water Resources, along with grants provided by the U.S. Forest
Service. The research was also supported by the Edna Bailey Sussman
Foundation and a grant-in-aid of research from Sigma Xi Scientific
Research Society. Mesohabitat delineations were taken from joint work by
ENTRIX, Inc. and Forest One, Inc., all produced under contract for the
U.S. Forest Service. We would also like to sincerely thank Toby Coyner,
Tyler Young and David Belkoski for their assistance in the field.
NR 69
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 2
SI SI
BP 283
EP 293
DI 10.1111/eff.12078
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AC0TV
UT WOS:000332209100017
ER
PT J
AU Hu, XH
Choi, KS
Sun, X
Golovashchenko, SF
AF Hu, X. H.
Choi, K. S.
Sun, X.
Golovashchenko, S. F.
TI Edge Fracture Prediction of Traditional and Advanced Trimming Processes
for AA6111-T4 Sheets
SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE
ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum alloys; finite element method; trimming; formability; edge
damage; adaptive contact
ID RECTANGULAR CROSS-SECTION; ALUMINUM AUTOBODY SHEET; FLOW-STRESS;
PRESSURE; SIMULATION; SPECIMENS; FAILURE; STRAINS; SURFACE; CURVES
AB This work examines the traditional and advanced trimming of AA6111-T4 aluminum sheets with finite element simulations. The Rice-Tracy damage model is used for the simulation with damage parameters estimated from experimental observation of grain aspect ratio near the fracture surface of trimmed parts. Fine meshes at the shearing zone, adaptive meshing, and adaptive contact techniques are used to accurately capture the contact interactions between the sharp corner of the trimming tools and the blank to be trimmed. To the knowledge of the authors, these are the first trimming simulations that can predict the effects of shearing clearance on burr heights with quantitative accuracy for AA6111-T4 aluminum sheets. In addition, the models have also accurately reproduced the crack initiation site as well as burr and sliver formation mechanisms observed experimentally.
C1 [Hu, X. H.; Choi, K. S.; Sun, X.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Golovashchenko, S. F.] Ford Res & Adv Engn Sci Res Lab, Manulfacturing & Processes Dept, Dearborn, MI 48124 USA.
RP Hu, XH (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Computat Sci & Math Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
EM Xiaohua.hu@pnnl.gov
RI Hu, Xiaohua/J-6519-2012
OI Hu, Xiaohua/0000-0002-7735-5091
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; DOE's Office of
FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies under the Automotive Lightweighting
Materials Program
FX Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial
Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No.
DE-AC05-76RL01830. This work was partially funded by the DOE's Office of
FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies under the Automotive Lightweighting
Materials Program managed by Mr. William Joost.
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1087-1357
EI 1528-8935
J9 J MANUF SCI E-T ASME
JI J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 2
AR 021016
DI 10.1115/1.4026273
PG 11
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA AB9PM
UT WOS:000332127400016
ER
PT J
AU Vitol, EA
Friedman, G
Gogotsi, Y
AF Vitol, Elina A.
Friedman, Gary
Gogotsi, Yury
TI Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy-Active Substrates: Adapting the
Shape of Plasmonic Nanoparticles for Different Biological Applications
SO JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE SERS; Gold Nanoparticles; Synthesis; Cells; Bacteria; Sensors
ID SCATTERING SERS; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; BACTERIA; MOLECULE; NANOTRIANGLES;
NANOSPHERES; NANOPRISMS; MONOLAYERS; IONS; TOOL
AB We discuss the relationship between the shape of plasmonic nanoparticles and the biological surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) applications which they can enable. As a step forward in developing SERS-active substrates adapted to a particular application, we demonstrate that a modification of the widely used protocol for the sodium citrate mediated reduction of chloroauric acid, which is typically employed only for obtaining spherical gold nanoparticles, can yield flat polygonal nanoparticles at room temperature and a decreased amount of the reducing agent. The significant advantage of the described approach is that it allows for synthesis of nanoparticles with different geometries using a well-established synthesis protocol without the need for any additional chemicals or special synthesis apparatus, By contrasting spherical and anisotropically shaped nanoparticles, we demonstrate that multifaceted nanoparticles with sharp edges are better suitable for SEAS analysis of low concentration analytes requiring strong SEAS enhancement. On the other hand, gold nanoparticles with isotropic shapes, while giving a smaller enhancement, can provide a more reproducible SEAS signal. This is important for analytical applications of complex biological systems where large SEAS enhancement may not always be required, whereas data reproducibility and minimal false positive rate are imperative. Using a SEAS-active substrate comprising isotropically shaped gold nanoparticles, we demonstrate the differences between Gram-negative (E. colt) and Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria, attributable to the outer membrane and peptidoglycan layer, with the level of detail which has not been previously reported with optical spectroscopic techniques.
C1 [Vitol, Elina A.; Gogotsi, Yury] Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Vitol, Elina A.; Friedman, Gary; Gogotsi, Yury] Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Nanotechnol Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Friedman, Gary] Drexel Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Vitol, EA (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RI Gogotsi, Yury/B-2167-2008
OI Gogotsi, Yury/0000-0001-9423-4032
FU W. M. Keck Foundation
FX This work was supported by a W. M. Keck Foundation grant to establish
the W. M. Keck Institute for Alto Nanotube-Based Probes at Drexel
University. Raman spectroscopy analysis and scanning electron microscopy
were conducted at the Centralized Research Facilities (CRF) at Drexel
University. The authors are grateful to Mr. Nachiket Vaze for providing
the bacterial culture.
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 56
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI VALENCIA
PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA
SN 1533-4880
EI 1533-4899
J9 J NANOSCI NANOTECHNO
JI J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 4
BP 3046
EP 3051
DI 10.1166/jnn.2014.8610
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AC1AM
UT WOS:000332226600053
PM 24734732
ER
PT J
AU Henderson, IM
Adams, PG
Montano, GA
Paxton, WF
AF Henderson, Ian M.
Adams, Peter G.
Montano, Gabriel A.
Paxton, Walter F.
TI Ionic Effects on the Behavior of Thermoresponsive PEO-PNIPAAm Block
Copolymers
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE aggregate; copolymers; ethylene oxide; NIPAAm; salt; thermohysteresis;
thermoresponsive
ID PHASE-TRANSITION; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE)-B-POLY(N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE);
N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; THERMOINDUCED AGGREGATION;
RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; RAFT POLYMERIZATION; HOFMEISTER SERIES;
MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; DRUG-DELIVERY
AB The temperature-dependent aggregation and recovery of the copolymer poly(ethylene oxide)(22)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(29) with a C-12 end-cap in aqueous solutions of salts and acids are investigated. Salt solutions affected the critical aggregation temperature of the copolymer in a manner predictable according to the Hofmeister series, with the kosmotropic adipic ion lowering the critical aggregation temperature and the chaotropic iodide raising it. Also, both salts and acids increased the size of copolymer aggregates formed with heating, due to the electrostatic shielding of aggregated structures provided by the electrolytes. Additionally, the presence of ionic additives caused a thermohysteretic increase in the size of copolymer aggregates with temperature cycling. The transitions of polymer structure with increasing temperature were surprisingly sharp with the C-12 end-cap present, and particularly broad in samples in which the end cap had been cleaved. This observation suggested that the hydrophobic end group was responsible for imparting some degree of order to the polymer at low temperatures, which allowed for rapid reconfiguration with increasing temperature. Finally, in addition to the transitions expected from the least critical solution temperature behavior of the polymer blocks, we have observed an unexpected additional transition which we attribute to the contraction of the poly(ethylene oxide) chains of the copolymer aggregates at higher temperatures. This work illustrates the importance of considering the environment and composition of thermoresponsive block copolymers in certain applications, particularly in solutions with even modest electrolyte concentrations (1-10 mM), as it can have a profound effect on transition temperatures and morphology. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014, 52, 507-516
C1 [Henderson, Ian M.; Paxton, Walter F.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Adams, Peter G.; Montano, Gabriel A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Paxton, WF (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM wfpaxto@sandia.gov
RI Adams, Peter/B-6539-2013
OI Adams, Peter/0000-0002-3940-8770
FU U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration
[DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was performed at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies,
an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) Office of Science. Sandia National Laboratories is a
multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a
wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S.
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 49
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-6266
EI 1099-0488
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD APR 1
PY 2014
VL 52
IS 7
BP 507
EP 516
DI 10.1002/polb.23444
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA AB4YX
UT WOS:000331797100003
ER
PT J
AU Server, WL
Hardin, TC
Hall, JB
Nanstad, RK
AF Server, William L.
Hardin, Timothy C.
Hall, J. Brian
Nanstad, Randy K.
TI US High Fluence Power Reactor Surveillance Data-Past and Future
SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE atom probe; radiation embrittlement; high fluence; extended operating
life reactor pressure vessel surveillance
ID RPV STEELS
AB Enhanced radiation embrittlement at high fluence, indicative of extended operating life beyond 60 years for current operating pressurized water reactor (PWR) vessels, has been identified as a potential limiting degradation mechanism. Currently, there are limited U. S. power reactor surveillance data available at fluences greater than 4 x 10(19) n/cm(2) (E > 1 MeV) for comparison with existing embrittlement prediction models. Additional data will be required to support extended operations to 80+ years, where some plants are projected to have peak vessel fluences approaching 1 x 10(20) n/cm(2). A number of programs are designed to contribute to the high fluence surveillance data to support extended operating life. The U.S programs include the Coordinated PWR Reactor Vessel Surveillance Program (CRVSP), the PWR Supplemental Surveillance Program (PSSP), and the Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS) Program. The LWRS Program involves generation of high fluence test reactor data on many different reactor pressure vessel steels and model alloys, including some of the same PWR vessel materials irradiated to higher fluences in conventional power reactor surveillance programs. This paper surveys the existing high fluence data and the data projected to come from the above listed programs to show when such data will become available. The data will be used to validate or revise embrittlement trend correlations applicable for the high fluence regime. Mechanical property data are being developed, and fine-scale microstructure data are being produced using state-of-the-art methods.
C1 [Server, William L.] ATI Consulting, Black Mt, NC 28711 USA.
[Hardin, Timothy C.] Elect Power Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
[Hall, J. Brian] Westinghouse Elect Co LLC, Pittsburgh, PA 15235 USA.
[Nanstad, Randy K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Server, WL (reprint author), ATI Consulting, 6 Laurel Branch Dr, Black Mt, NC 28711 USA.
FU DOE-NE NEUP
FX The UCSB ATR-2 experiment is funded by a DOE-NE NEUP Grant to Professor
G. Robert Odette of UCSB.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0094-9930
EI 1528-8978
J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME
JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 2
AR 021603
DI 10.1115/1.4026149
PG 5
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA AC0ZI
UT WOS:000332223600016
ER
PT J
AU Lacroix, B
Gizatullina, DI
Babst, BA
Gifford, AN
Citovsky, V
AF Lacroix, Benoit
Gizatullina, Diana I.
Babst, Benjamin A.
Gifford, Andrew N.
Citovsky, Vitaly
TI Agrobacterium T-DNA-encoded protein Atu6002 interferes with the host
auxin response
SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PLANT TRANSFORMATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; TOBACCO; TRANSCRIPTION;
PROTOPLASTS; TRANSPORT; PLASMIDS; VECTORS; TISSUES; SYSTEM
AB Several genes in the Agrobacterium tumefaciens transferred (T)-DNA encode proteins that are involved in developmental alterations, leading to the formation of tumours in infected plants. We investigated the role of the protein encoded by the Atu6002 gene, the function of which is completely unknown. Atu6002 expression occurs in Agrobacterium-induced tumours, and is also activated on activation of plant cell division by growth hormones. Within the expressing plant cells, the Atu6002 protein is targeted to the plasma membrane. Interestingly, constitutive ectopic expression of Atu6002 in transgenic tobacco plants leads to a severe developmental phenotype characterized by stunted growth, shorter internodes, lanceolate leaves, increased branching and modified flower morphology. These Atu6002-expressing plants also display impaired response to auxin. However, auxin cellular uptake and polar transport are not significantly inhibited in these plants, suggesting that Atu6002 interferes with auxin perception or signalling pathways.
C1 [Lacroix, Benoit; Gizatullina, Diana I.; Citovsky, Vitaly] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Babst, Benjamin A.; Gifford, Andrew N.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Biosci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Lacroix, B (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM benoit.lacroix@stonybrook.edu
OI Babst, Benjamin/0000-0001-5657-0633
FU National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Science Foundation (NSF);
National Institute of Food and Agriculture/US Department of Agriculture
(NIFA/USDA); Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund
(BARD); Binational Science Foundation (BSF); US Department of Energy,
Office of Environmental Research [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Goldhaber
Distinguished Fellowship
FX The work in our laboratories is supported by grants from the National
Institutes of Health (NIH), National Science Foundation (NSF), National
Institute of Food and Agriculture/US Department of Agriculture
(NIFA/USDA), Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund
(BARD) and Binational Science Foundation (BSF) to VC, and from the US
Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Research (under contract
DE-AC02-98CH10886) and a Goldhaber Distinguished Fellowship to BAB.
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1464-6722
EI 1364-3703
J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL
JI Mol. Plant Pathol.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 3
BP 275
EP 283
DI 10.1111/mpp.12088
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AC0WX
UT WOS:000332217300006
PM 24128370
ER
PT J
AU Yang, ZQ
Wang, TP
Leung, R
Hibbard, K
Janetos, T
Kraucunas, I
Rice, J
Preston, B
Wilbanks, T
AF Yang, Zhaoqing
Wang, Taiping
Leung, Ruby
Hibbard, Kathy
Janetos, Tony
Kraucunas, Ian
Rice, Jennie
Preston, Benjamin
Wilbanks, Tom
TI A modeling study of coastal inundation induced by storm surge, sea-level
rise, and subsidence in the Gulf of Mexico
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coastal inundation; Storm surge; Modeling; Subsidence; Sea-level rise;
Gulf of Mexico
ID OCEAN MODEL; BAY; WIND; HURRICANES; PREDICTION; ESTUARIES; CHANNEL;
SYSTEM
AB The northern coasts of the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) are highly vulnerable to the direct threats of climate change, such as hurricane-induced storm surge, and such risks are exacerbated by land subsidence and global sea-level rise. This paper presents an application of a coastal storm surge model to study the coastal inundation process induced by tide and storm surge, and its response to the effects of land subsidence and sea-level rise in the northern Gulf coast. The unstructured-grid finite-volume coastal ocean model was used to simulate tides and hurricane-induced storm surges in the GoM. Simulated distributions of co-amplitude and co-phase lines for semi-diurnal and diurnal tides are in good agreement with previous modeling studies. The storm surges induced by four historical hurricanes (Rita, Katrina, Ivan, and Dolly) were simulated and compared to observed water levels at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration tide stations. Effects of coastal subsidence and future global sea-level rise on coastal inundation in the Louisiana coast were evaluated using a "change of inundation depth" parameter through sensitivity simulations that were based on a projected future subsidence scenario and 1-m global sea-level rise by the end of the century. Model results suggested that hurricane-induced storm surge height and coastal inundation could be exacerbated by future global sea-level rise and subsidence, and that responses of storm surge and coastal inundation to the effects of sea-level rise and subsidence are highly nonlinear and vary on temporal and spatial scales.
C1 [Yang, Zhaoqing; Wang, Taiping] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Coastal Sci Div, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
[Leung, Ruby; Hibbard, Kathy; Kraucunas, Ian; Rice, Jennie] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
[Janetos, Tony] Boston Univ, Frederick S Pardee Ctr, Study Longer Range Future, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Preston, Benjamin; Wilbanks, Tom] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Yang, ZQ (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Coastal Sci Div, 1100 Dexter Ave North,Suite 400, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
EM zhaoqing.yang@pnnl.gov
RI Preston, Benjamin/B-9001-2012
OI Preston, Benjamin/0000-0002-7966-2386
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Office of Science, US
Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX This study was funded by the Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, Office of Science, US Department of Energy, under contract
DE-AC05-76RL01830. The authors thank Dr. Changsheng Chen of the
University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth and Dr. Virginia Burkett of the
US Geological Survey. The authors would also like to thank the Coastal
Protection and Restoration Authority of Louisiana for providing the
subsidence data used in this study.
NR 53
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 46
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
J9 NAT HAZARDS
JI Nat. Hazards
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 3
BP 1771
EP 1794
DI 10.1007/s11069-013-0974-6
PG 24
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA AB8FJ
UT WOS:000332025200027
ER
PT J
AU Musculus, MPB
Miles, PC
Pickett, LM
AF Musculus, Mark P. B.
Miles, Paul C.
Pickett, Lyle M.
TI Conceptual models for partially premixed low-temperature diesel
combustion (vol 39, pg 246, 2013)
SO PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Musculus, Mark P. B.; Miles, Paul C.; Pickett, Lyle M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Musculus, MPB (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Engine Combust Dept, POB 969, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM mpmuscu@sandia.gov
NR 1
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 22
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-1285
J9 PROG ENERG COMBUST
JI Prog. Energy Combust. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 41
BP 94
EP 94
DI 10.1016/j.pecs.2013.12.001
PG 1
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AC3RS
UT WOS:000332439500003
ER
PT J
AU Liu, B
Cheng, L
Curtiss, L
Greeley, J
AF Liu, Bin
Cheng, Lei
Curtiss, Larry
Greeley, Jeffrey
TI Effects of van der Waals density functional corrections on trends in
furfural adsorption and hydrogenation on close-packed transition metal
surfaces
SO SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Furfural hydrogenation; Periodic Density Functional Theory; Van der
Waals density functional; Linear scaling relationship;
Bronsted-Evans-Polanyi relationship
ID GENERALIZED GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; FINDING SADDLE-POINTS;
AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION; GLYCEROL DECOMPOSITION;
REACTION PATHWAYS; BOND SCISSION; C-C; PD(111); ALCOHOL
AB The hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol on Pd(111), Cu(111) and Pt(111) is studied with both standard Density Functional Theory (DFT)-GGA functionals and with van der Waals-corrected density functionals. VdW-DF functionals, including optPBE, optB88, optB86b, and Grimme's method, are used to optimize the adsorption configurations of furfural, furfuryl alcohol, and related intermediates resulting from hydrogenation of furfural, and the results are compared to corresponding values determined with GGA functionals, including PW91 and PBE. On Pd(111) and Pt(111), the adsorption geometries of the intermediates are not noticeably different between the two classes of funcfionals, while on Cu(111), modest changes are seen in both the perpendicular distance and the orientation of the aromatic ring with respect to the planar surface. In general, the binding energies increase substantially in magnitude as a result of van der Waals contributions on all metals. In contrast, however, dispersion effects on the kinetics of hydrogenation are relatively small. It is found that activation barriers are not significantly affected by the inclusion of dispersion effects, and a Brensted-Evans-Polanyi relationship developed solely from PW91 calculations on Pd(111) is capable of describing corresponding results on Cu(111) and Pt(111), even when the dispersion effects are included. Finally, the reaction energies and barriers derived from the dispersion-corrected and pure GGA calculations are used to plot simple potential energy profiles for furfural hydrogenation to furfulyl alcohol on the three considered metals, and an approximately constant downshift of the energetics due to the dispersion corrections is observed. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liu, Bin] Kansas State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Cheng, Lei; Curtiss, Larry] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Curtiss, Larry] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Greeley, Jeffrey] Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Greeley, J (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Chem Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM jgreeley@purdue.edu
RI Liu, Bin/C-1475-2012
FU Institute for Atom-efficient Chemical Transformations (IACT); U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Kansas State University; EMSL; Northwest National
Laboratory; Argonne Laboratory Computing Resource Center (LCRC);
National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)
FX This work is also supported as part of the Institute for Atom-efficient
Chemical Transformations (IACT), an Energy Frontier Research Center
funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences. Use of the Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM)
is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy
under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. B.L. acknowledges the financial
support from Kansas State University. We also acknowledge grants of
computer time from EMSL, a national scientific user facility located at
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Argonne Laboratory Computing
Resource Center (LCRC), and the National Energy Research Scientific
Computing Center (NERSC) for providing us with additional computing
resources.
NR 50
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 10
U2 103
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-6028
EI 1879-2758
J9 SURF SCI
JI Surf. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 622
BP 51
EP 59
DI 10.1016/j.susc.2013.12.001
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AC0OP
UT WOS:000332194900007
ER
PT J
AU Jung, M
Choi, W
Shalf, J
Kandemir, MT
AF Jung, Myoungsoo
Choi, Wonil
Shalf, John
Kandemir, Mahmut Taylan
TI Triple-A: A Non-SSD Based Autonomic All-Flash Array for High Performance
Storage Systems
SO ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES
LA English
DT Article
DE Solid State Disk; NAND Flash; High Performance Computing; Flash Array
Network; Resource Contention; Self Optimizing
AB Solid State Disk (SSD) arrays are in a position to (as least partially) replace spinning disk arrays in high performance computing (HPC) systems due to their better performance and lower power consumption. However, these emerging SSD arrays are facing enormous challenges, which are not observed in disk-based arrays. Specif cally, we observe that the performance of SSD arrays can signif cantly degrade due to various array-level resource contentions. In addition, their maintenance costs exponentially increase over time, which renders them diff cult to deploy widely in HPC systems. To address these challenges, we propose Triple-A, a non-SSD based Autonomic All-Flash Array, which is a self-optimizing, from-scratch NAND f ash cluster. Triple-A can detect two different types of resource contentions and autonomically alleviate them by reshaping the physical data-layout on its f ash array network. Our experimental evaluation using both real workloads and a micro-benchmark show that Triple-A can offer a 53% higher sustained throughput and a 80% lower I/O latency than non-autonomic SSD arrays.
C1 [Jung, Myoungsoo; Choi, Wonil] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept EE, Comp Architecture & Memory Syst Lab, Richardson, TX 75083 USA.
[Kandemir, Mahmut Taylan] Penn State Univ, Dept CSE, Microsyst Design Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Shalf, John] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Natl Energy Res Sci Comp Ctr, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Jung, M (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, Dept EE, Comp Architecture & Memory Syst Lab, Richardson, TX 75083 USA.
EM jung@utdallas.edu; wonil.choi@utdallas.edu; jshalf@lbl.gov;
kandemir@cse.psu.edu
FU University of Texas at Dallas Start-up Grants; NSF grants [1302557,
1017882, 0937949, 0833126]; DOE grant [DE-SC0002156, DESC0002156]; Off
ce of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This research is supported in part by University of Texas at Dallas
Start-up Grants, NSF grants 1302557, 1017882, 0937949, and 0833126 as
well as DOE grant DE-SC0002156, and DESC0002156. It also used resources
of the National Energy Research Scientif c Computing Center supported by
the Off ce of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
PI NEW YORK
PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA
SN 0362-1340
EI 1558-1160
J9 ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES
JI ACM Sigplan Not.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 49
IS 4
BP 441
EP 454
DI 10.1145/2541940.2541953
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA CQ3WN
UT WOS:000360535000031
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, XD
Xia, CJ
Xiao, XH
Wang, YJ
AF Zhang Xiao-Dan
Xia Cheng-Jie
Xiao Xiang-Hui
Wang Yu-Jie
TI Fast synchrotron X-ray tomography study of the packing structures of
rods with different aspect ratios
SO CHINESE PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article
DE synchrotron X-ray imaging; tomography; rod packing structure
ID SPHERES
AB We present a fast synchrotron X-ray tomography study of the packing structures of rods with different aspect ratios. Utilizing the high flux of the X-rays generated from the third-generation synchrotron source, we can complete a high-resolution tomography scan within a short period of time, after which the three-dimensional (3D) packing structure can be obtained for the subsequent structural analysis. The image phase-retrieval procedure has been implemented to enhance the image contrast. We systematically investigated the effects of particle shape and aspect ratio on the structural properties including packing density and contact number. It turns out that large aspect ratio rod packings will have wider distributions of free volume fraction and larger mean contact numbers.
C1 [Zhang Xiao-Dan; Xia Cheng-Jie; Wang Yu-Jie] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
[Xiao Xiang-Hui] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Wang, YJ (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
EM yujiewang@sjtu.edu.cn
RI wang, yujie/C-2582-2015
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [11175121]; National Basic
Research Program of China [2010CB834301]; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(Grant No. 11175121) and the National Basic Research Program of China
(Grant No. 2010CB834301). Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office
of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by
the U.S. DOE (Grant No. DE-AC02-06CH11357).
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1674-1056
EI 1741-4199
J9 CHINESE PHYS B
JI Chin. Phys. B
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 4
AR 044501
DI 10.1088/1674-1056/23/4/044501
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AG8CL
UT WOS:000335646200047
ER
PT J
AU Sahoo, SK
Sopori, BL
Misra, D
Rivero, R
Ravindra, NM
AF Sahoo, Santosh K.
Sopori, Bhushan L.
Misra, Durga
Rivero, Rene
Ravindra, Nuggehalli M.
TI Impact of interface trap density at metal/SiNx/n(+) MOS capacitor in
multilayered Si solar cells
SO EMERGING MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE materials science; constant voltage stressing; interface trap density;
solar cell degradation
ID SILICON SURFACE PASSIVATION
AB Impact of the SiNx/n(+)-Si interface on silicon solar cell performance was investigated, where SiNx is used as a passivation layer. Significant shifts in capacitance, conductance and leakage current characteristics were observed for metal/SiN:H/n(+)-Si MOS capacitor when it was subjected to a constant voltage stress of +10 V at room temperature. The interface trap density (D-it) across the SiN:H/n(+)-Si interface increased from 6.3 x 10(9) to 7.5 x 109 cm(-2)eV(-1) after a 500-s stress whereas the n(+)/p junction diode remained unaffected by the stress. A direct correlation between the degradation of SiN:H/Si interface and the solar cell performance was observed.
C1 [Sahoo, Santosh K.; Rivero, Rene] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
[Sahoo, Santosh K.; Rivero, Rene] New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Sahoo, Santosh K.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Sopori, Bhushan L.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Ctr Photovolta, Golden, CO USA.
[Misra, Durga] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Ravindra, Nuggehalli M.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
RP Sahoo, SK (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
EM sksahoo234@yahoo.com
FU US Department of Energy, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden,
CO, USA; New Jersey Institute of Technology
FX The authors thank the US Department of Energy, National Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA, and the New Jersey Institute of Technology
for their funding support.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ICE PUBLISHING
PI WESTMINISTER
PA INST CIVIL ENGINEERS, 1 GREAT GEORGE ST, WESTMINISTER SW 1P 3AA, ENGLAND
SN 2046-0147
EI 2046-0155
J9 EMERG MATER RES
JI Emerg. Mater. Res.
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 3
IS 2
BP 101
EP 105
DI 10.1680/emr.13.00048
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA CX5BZ
UT WOS:000365717400005
ER
EF