FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Gaudet, J
Hallas, AM
Maharaj, DD
Buhariwalla, CRC
Kermarrec, E
Butch, NP
Munsie, TJS
Dabkowska, HA
Luke, GM
Gaulin, BD
AF Gaudet, J.
Hallas, A. M.
Maharaj, D. D.
Buhariwalla, C. R. C.
Kermarrec, E.
Butch, N. P.
Munsie, T. J. S.
Dabkowska, H. A.
Luke, G. M.
Gaulin, B. D.
TI Magnetic dilution and domain selection in the XY pyrochlore
antiferromagnet Er2Ti2O7
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN ICE; TB2TI2O7; OXIDES
AB Below T-N = 1.1 K, the XY pyrochlore Er2Ti2O7 orders into a k = 0 noncollinear, antiferromagnetic structure referred to as the psi(2) state. The magnetic order in Er2Ti2O7 is known to obey conventional three-dimensional (3D) percolation in the presence of magnetic dilution, and in that sense is robust to disorder. Recently, however, two theoretical studies have predicted that the psi(2) structure should be unstable to the formation of a related psi(3) magnetic structure in the presence of magnetic vacancies. To investigate these theories, we have carried out systematic elastic and inelastic neutron scattering studies of three single crystals of Er2-xYxTi2O7 with x = 0 (pure), 0.2 (10% Y) and 0.4 (20% Y), where magnetic Er3+ is substituted by nonmagnetic Y3+. We find that the psi(2) ground state of pure Er2Ti2O7 is significantly affected by magnetic dilution. The characteristic domain selection associated with the psi(2) state, and the corresponding energy gap separating psi(2) from psi(3), vanish for Y3+ substitutions between 10% Y and 20% Y, far removed from the three-dimensional percolation threshold of similar to 60% Y. The resulting ground state for Er2Ti2O7 with magnetic dilutions from 20% Y up to the percolation threshold is naturally interpreted as a frozen mosaic of psi(2) and psi(3) domains.
C1 [Gaudet, J.; Hallas, A. M.; Maharaj, D. D.; Buhariwalla, C. R. C.; Kermarrec, E.; Munsie, T. J. S.; Luke, G. M.; Gaulin, B. D.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Butch, N. P.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Dabkowska, H. A.; Gaulin, B. D.] Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Luke, G. M.; Gaulin, B. D.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, 180 Dundas St West, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
RP Gaudet, J (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
RI Luke, Graeme/A-9094-2010;
OI Kermarrec, Edwin/0000-0002-3467-5482
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada
Foundation for Innovation; National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]
FX We wish to acknowledge useful conversations with Leon Balents, Kate
Ross, Mike Zhitomirsky, Michel Gingras, and Jeff Rau. We would also like
to thank Juscelino Leao for his assistance with the sample environment.
This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada and the Canada Foundation for Innovation. Work at the
NIST Center for Neutron Research is supported in part by the National
Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772.
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 12
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 6
AR 060407
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.060407
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DT4VG
UT WOS:000381478700002
ER
PT J
AU Hung, LD
da Jornada, FH
Souto-Casares, J
Chelikowsky, JR
Louie, SG
Ogut, S
AF Hung, Linda
da Jornada, Felipe H.
Souto-Casares, Jaime
Chelikowsky, James R.
Louie, Steven G.
Ogut, Serdar
TI Excitation spectra of aromatic molecules within a real-space GW-BSE
formalism: Role of self-consistency and vertex corrections
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID QUASI-PARTICLE; GREENS-FUNCTION; ELECTRON-GAS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRUM;
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; EXCITED-STATES; APPROXIMATION; ENERGIES; IONIZATION;
NANOSTRUCTURES
AB We present first-principles calculations on the vertical ionization potentials (IPs), electron affinities (EAs), and singlet excitation energies on an aromatic-molecule test set (benzene, thiophene, 1,2,5-thiadiazole, naphthalene, benzothiazole, and tetrathiafulvalene) within the GW and Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) formalisms. Our computational framework, which employs a real-space basis for ground-state and a transition-space basis for excited-state calculations, is well suited for high-accuracy calculations on molecules, as we show by comparing against G(0)W(0) calculations within a plane-wave-basis formalism. We then generalize our framework to test variants of the GW approximation that include a local density approximation (LDA)-derived vertex function (Gamma(LDA)) and quasiparticle-self-consistent (QS) iterations. We find that Gamma(LDA) and quasiparticle self-consistency shift IPs and EAs by roughly the same magnitude, but with opposite sign for IPs and the same sign for EAs. G(0)W(0) and QSGW Gamma(LDA) are more accurate for IPs, while G(0)W(0)Gamma(LDA) and QSGW are best for EAs. For optical excitations, we find that perturbative GW-BSE underestimates the singlet excitation energy, while self-consistent GW-BSE results in good agreement with previous best-estimate values for both valence and Rydberg excitations. Finally, our work suggests that a hybrid approach, in which G0W0 energies are used for occupied orbitals and G(0)W(0)Gamma(LDA) for unoccupied orbitals, also yields optical excitation energies in good agreement with experiment but at a smaller computational cost.
C1 [Hung, Linda; Ogut, Serdar] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Hung, Linda] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[da Jornada, Felipe H.; Louie, Steven G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[da Jornada, Felipe H.; Louie, Steven G.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Souto-Casares, Jaime; Chelikowsky, James R.] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Computat Mat, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Chelikowsky, James R.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Chelikowsky, James R.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
RP Hung, LD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.; Hung, LD (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM linda.hung@nist.gov; ogut@uic.edu
OI Hung, Linda/0000-0002-1578-6152
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-09ER16072]; Scientific Discovery
through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) Program on Excited State Phenomena
in Energy Materials - US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences; Advanced Scientific Computing Research at the Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science
Foundation [DMR-1508412]; SciDAC program - US Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research and Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-SC0008877]; Office of Science of the US Department
of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX L.H. and S.O. would like to thank the US Department of Energy, Grant No.
DE-FG02-09ER16072, for support. Part of this research (F.H.J. and
S.G.L.) was supported by the Scientific Discovery through Advanced
Computing (SciDAC) Program on Excited State Phenomena in Energy
Materials funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, and by Advanced Scientific Computing Research, under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
which provided algorithm and code developments and simulations, and by
the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-1508412, which
provided basic theoretical analyses. J.S.C. and J.R.C. also acknowledge
support provided by the SciDAC program funded by the US Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Advanced Scientific Computing Research and
Basic Energy Sciences, under Award No. DE-SC0008877. All authors used
resources at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a
DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science
of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 90
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 9
U2 16
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 15
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 8
AR 085125
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.085125
PG 13
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DT4XJ
UT WOS:000381484400002
ER
PT J
AU Deng, X
Namboodiri, P
Li, K
Wang, XQ
Stan, G
Myers, AF
Cheng, XB
Li, TB
Silver, RM
AF Deng, Xiao
Namboodiri, Pradeep
Li, Kai
Wang, Xiqiao
Stan, Gheorghe
Myers, Alline F.
Cheng, Xinbin
Li, Tongbao
Silver, Richard M.
TI Silicon epitaxy epitaxy on H-terminated Si (100) surfaces at 250 degrees
C
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Low temperature Si epitaxy; Scanning tunneling microscope; H terminated
Si surfaces
ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; QUANTUM COMPUTER;
SI(001) HOMOEPITAXY; OHMS LAW; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; DIFFUSION;
ENCAPSULATION; FABRICATION
AB Low temperature Si epitaxy has become increasingly important due to its critical role in the encapsulation and performance of buried nanoscale dopant devices. We demonstrate epitaxial growth up to nominally 25 nm, at 250 degrees C, with analysis at successive growth steps using STM and cross section TEM to reveal the nature and quality of the epitaxial growth. STM images indicate that growth morphology of both Si on Si and Si on H-terminated Si (H: Si) is epitaxial in nature at temperatures as low as 250 degrees C. For Si on Si growth at 250 degrees C, we show that the Si epitaxial growth front maintains a constant morphology after reaching a specific thickness threshold. Although the in-plane mobility of silicon is affected on the H: Si surface due to the presence of H atoms during initial sub-monolayer growth, STM images reveal long range order and demonstrate that growth proceeds by epitaxial island growth albeit with noticeable surface roughening. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Deng, Xiao; Cheng, Xinbin; Li, Tongbao] Tongji Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
[Deng, Xiao; Namboodiri, Pradeep; Li, Kai; Wang, Xiqiao; Stan, Gheorghe; Myers, Alline F.; Silver, Richard M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wang, Xiqiao] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Namboodiri, P (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM pradeep.namboodiri@nist.gov
FU Innovation Measurement Science project at NIST: Single atom transistors
to solid states quantum computing; Chinese Sponsorship Council; US
government
FX This work conducted was sponsored by the Innovation Measurement Science
project at NIST: Single atom transistors to solid states quantum
computing. Xiao Deng thanks the Chinese Sponsorship Council and US
government for the sponsorship to be a guest researcher at NIST. This
research was performed in part in the NIST CNST NanoFab.
NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-4332
EI 1873-5584
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD AUG 15
PY 2016
VL 378
BP 301
EP 307
DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.03.212
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA DN1IJ
UT WOS:000376819200039
PM 27397949
ER
PT J
AU Osman, MK
Tarasick, DW
Liu, J
Moeini, O
Thouret, V
Fioletov, VE
Parrington, M
Nedelec, P
AF Osman, Mohammed K.
Tarasick, David W.
Liu, Jane
Moeini, Omid
Thouret, Valerie
Fioletov, Vitali E.
Parrington, Mark
Nedelec, Philippe
TI Carbon monoxide climatology derived from the trajectory mapping of
global MOZAIC-IAGOS data
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-SERVICE AIRCRAFT; REACTIVE OXIDIZED NITROGEN; TROPOSPHERE MOPITT
INSTRUMENT; WATER-VAPOR; EMISSION INVENTORIES; OZONE CLIMATOLOGY; EARTHS
ATMOSPHERE; MIXING RATIOS; AIR-POLLUTION; UNITED-STATES
AB A three-dimensional gridded climatology of carbon monoxide (CO) has been developed by trajectory mapping of global MOZAIC-IAGOS in situ measurements from commercial aircraft data. CO measurements made during aircraft ascent and descent, comprising nearly 41 200 profiles at 148 airports worldwide from December 2001 to December 2012, are used. Forward and backward trajectories are calculated from meteorological reanalysis data in order to map the CO measurements to other locations and so to fill in the spatial domain. This domain-filling technique employs 15 800 000 calculated trajectories to map otherwise sparse MOZAIC-IAGOS data into a quasi-global field. The resulting trajectory-mapped CO data set is archived monthly from 2001 to 2012 on a grid of 5 degrees longitude x 5 degrees latitude x 1 km altitude, from the surface to 14 km altitude.
The mapping product has been carefully evaluated, firstly by comparing maps constructed using only forward trajectories and using only backward trajectories. The two methods show similar global CO distribution patterns. The magnitude of their differences is most commonly 10% or less and found to be less than 30% for almost all cases. Secondly, the method has been validated by comparing profiles for individual airports with those produced by the mapping method when data from that site are excluded. While there are larger differences below 2 km, the two methods agree very well between 2 and 10 km with the magnitude of biases within 20 %. Finally, the mapping product is compared with global MOZAIC-IAGOS cruise-level data, which were not included in the trajectory-mapped data set, and with independent data from the NOAA aircraft flask sampling program. The trajectory-mapped MOZAIC-IAGOS CO values show generally good agreement with both independent data sets.
Maps are also compared with version 6 data from the Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite instrument. Both data sets clearly show major regional CO sources such as biomass burning in Central and southern Africa and anthropogenic emissions in eastern China. While the maps show similar features and patterns, and relative biases are small in the lowermost troposphere, we find differences of similar to 20% in CO volume mixing ratios between 500 and 300 hPa. These upper-tropospheric biases are not related to the mapping procedure, as almost identical differences are found with the original in situ MOZAIC-IAGOS data. The total CO trajectory-mapped MOZAIC-IAGOS column is also higher than the MOPITT CO total column by 12-16 %.
The data set shows the seasonal CO cycle over different latitude bands and altitude ranges as well as long-term trends over different latitude bands. We observe a decline in CO over the northern hemispheric extratropics and the tropics consistent with that reported by previous studies using other data sources.
We anticipate use of the trajectory-mapped MOZAIC-IAGOS CO data set as an a priori climatology for satellite retrieval and for air quality model validation and initialization.
C1 [Osman, Mohammed K.; Tarasick, David W.; Moeini, Omid; Fioletov, Vitali E.] Environm Canada, 4905 Dufferin St, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.
[Liu, Jane] Univ Toronto, Dept Geog, 100 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada.
[Liu, Jane] Univ Toronto, Program Planning, 100 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada.
[Thouret, Valerie; Nedelec, Philippe] CNRS, UMR5560, Lab Aerol, Toulouse, France.
[Thouret, Valerie; Nedelec, Philippe] Univ Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
[Parrington, Mark] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Pk, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
[Liu, Jane] Nanjing Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Osman, Mohammed K.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Osman, Mohammed K.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Osman, MK (reprint author), Environm Canada, 4905 Dufferin St, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.; Osman, MK (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; Osman, MK (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
EM mohammed.osman@noaa.gov
OI Tarasick, David/0000-0001-9869-0692
FU INSU-CNRS (France); Meteo-France; Universite Paul Sabatier (Toulouse,
France); Research Center Julich (FZJ, Julich, Germany); EU; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Environment
Canada
FX The authors acknowledge the strong support of the European Commission,
Airbus, and the airlines (Lufthansa, Air France, Austrian, Air Namibia,
Cathay Pacific, Iberia, and China Airlines so far) that carry the MOZAIC
or IAGOS equipment and perform the maintenance since 1994. MOZAIC is
presently funded by INSU-CNRS (France), Meteo-France, Universite Paul
Sabatier (Toulouse, France), and Research Center Julich (FZJ, Julich,
Germany). IAGOS has been additionally funded by the EU projects IAGOS-DS
and IAGOS-ERI. The MOZAIC-IAGOS database is supported by ETHER (CNES and
INSU-CNRS). Data are also available via the Ether web site
http://www.pole-ether.fr. We thank the many whose dedication makes such
a data set possible. The MOPITT data were obtained from the NASA Langley
Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center. We thank R. Draxler and
the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory for the trajectory model HYSPLIT and
NCEP/NCAR for the global meteorological reanalysis data. The first
author is grateful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada (NSERC) and Environment Canada for a research
fellowship. Important discussions with Merritt Deeter regarding MOPITT
averaging kernels are much appreciated. We thank Paul Novelli and Colm
Sweeney of NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory and Steven Wofsy of
Harvard University/School of Engineering and Applied Sciences for
providing the in situ CO profiles.
NR 93
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 11
U2 11
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 12
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 15
BP 10263
EP 10282
DI 10.5194/acp-16-10263-2016
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV8ZY
UT WOS:000383230300001
ER
PT J
AU Guerreiro, T
Monteiro, F
Martin, A
Brask, JB
Vertesi, T
Korzh, B
Caloz, M
Bussieres, F
Verma, VB
Lita, AE
Mirin, RP
Nam, SW
Marsilli, F
Shaw, MD
Gisin, N
Brunner, N
Zbinden, H
Thew, RT
AF Guerreiro, T.
Monteiro, F.
Martin, A.
Brask, J. B.
Vertesi, T.
Korzh, B.
Caloz, M.
Bussieres, F.
Verma, V. B.
Lita, A. E.
Mirin, R. P.
Nam, S. W.
Marsilli, F.
Shaw, M. D.
Gisin, N.
Brunner, N.
Zbinden, H.
Thew, R. T.
TI Demonstration of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering Using Single-Photon
Path Entanglement and Displacement-Based Detection
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM; AMPLIFICATION; NONLOCALITY; GENERATION; INEQUALITY; VIOLATION;
OPTICS; STATES; ATOMS
AB We demonstrate the violation of an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering inequality developed for singlephoton path entanglement with displacement-based detection. We use a high-rate source of heralded singlephoton path-entangled states, combinedwith high-efficiency superconducting-based detectors, in a scheme that is free of any postselection and thus immune to the detection loophole. This result conclusively demonstrates single-photon entanglement in a one-sided device-independent scenario, and opens the way towards implementations of device-independent quantum technologies within the paradigm of path entanglement.
C1 [Guerreiro, T.; Monteiro, F.; Martin, A.; Korzh, B.; Caloz, M.; Bussieres, F.; Gisin, N.; Zbinden, H.; Thew, R. T.] Univ Geneva, Appl Phys Grp, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
[Brask, J. B.; Brunner, N.] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Theor, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
[Vertesi, T.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, POB 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary.
[Verma, V. B.; Lita, A. E.; Mirin, R. P.; Nam, S. W.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Marsilli, F.; Shaw, M. D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Brunner, N (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Theor, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
EM nicolas.brunner@unige.ch; robert.thew@unige.ch
RI Brask, Jonatan Bohr/A-5931-2017; Vertesi, Tamas/B-3416-2017; Bussieres,
Felix/E-5384-2011;
OI Brask, Jonatan Bohr/0000-0003-3859-0272; Vertesi,
Tamas/0000-0003-4437-9414; Bussieres, Felix/0000-0003-0234-175X;
/0000-0003-0188-6053; Jung, Kyuhyun/0000-0001-8631-610X
FU Swiss national science foundation [200021_159592]; Swiss national
science foundation (starting grant DIAQ); NCCR-QSIT; OTKA Grant
[K111734]; EU project SIQS Grant [600645]; DARPA QUINESS program
FX The authors thank Natalia Bruno for assistance with the HSPS and LO
setups. This work was supported by the Swiss national science foundation
(Grant No. 200021_159592 and starting grant DIAQ), the NCCR-QSIT, the
OTKA Grant No. K111734, as well as the EU project SIQS Grant No. 600645.
NIST acknowledges funding from the DARPA QUINESS program. Part of the
research on the detectors was carried out at the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 8
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 12
PY 2016
VL 117
IS 7
AR 070404
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.070404
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DT4VH
UT WOS:000381478800001
PM 27563941
ER
PT J
AU Lum, DJ
Howell, JC
Allman, MS
Gerrits, T
Verma, VB
Nam, SW
Lupo, C
Lloyd, S
AF Lum, Daniel J.
Howell, John C.
Allman, M. S.
Gerrits, Thomas
Verma, Varun B.
Nam, Sae Woo
Lupo, Cosmo
Lloyd, Seth
TI Quantum enigma machine: Experimentally demonstrating quantum data
locking
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID COMMUNICATION; STATES
AB Shannon proved in 1949 that information-theoretic-secure encryption is possible if the encryption key is used only once, is random, and is at least as long as the message itself. Notwithstanding, when information is encoded in a quantum system, the phenomenon of quantum data locking allows one to encrypt a message with a shorter key and still provide information-theoretic security. We present one of the first feasible experimental demonstrations of quantum data locking for direct communication and propose a scheme for a quantum enigma machine that encrypts 6 bits per photon (containing messages, new encryption keys, and forward error correction bits) with less than 6 bits per photon of encryption key while remaining information-theoretically secure.
C1 [Lum, Daniel J.; Howell, John C.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
[Lum, Daniel J.; Howell, John C.] Univ Rochester, Ctr Coherence & Quantum Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
[Allman, M. S.; Gerrits, Thomas; Verma, Varun B.; Nam, Sae Woo] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lupo, Cosmo] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Lloyd, Seth] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Lum, DJ (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.; Lum, DJ (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Ctr Coherence & Quantum Opt, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
EM daniel.lum@rochester.edu
FU DARPA-DSO Quiness Grant [W31P4Q-12-1-0015]; AFOSR Grant
[FA9550-13-1-0019]
FX Contribution of NIST, an agency of the U.S. government, not subject to
copyright. The authors thank J. Schneeloch and S. Knarr for editing and
useful input. This work was sponsored by DARPA-DSO Quiness Grant No.
W31P4Q-12-1-0015 and AFOSR Grant No. FA9550-13-1-0019.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 12
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 2
AR 022315
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.022315
PG 10
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DT2IK
UT WOS:000381303800003
ER
PT J
AU Nielsen, J
Hedeholm, RB
Heinemeier, J
Bushnell, PG
Christiansen, JS
Olsen, J
Ramsey, CB
Brill, RW
Simon, M
Steffensen, KF
Steffensen, JF
AF Nielsen, Julius
Hedeholm, Rasmus B.
Heinemeier, Jan
Bushnell, Peter G.
Christiansen, Jorgen S.
Olsen, Jesper
Ramsey, Christopher Bronk
Brill, Richard W.
Simon, Malene
Steffensen, Kirstine F.
Steffensen, John F.
TI Eye lens radiocarbon reveals centuries of longevity in the Greenland
shark (Somniosus microcephalus)
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID POST-BOMB RADIOCARBON; FEEDING ECOLOGY; NORTHWEST ATLANTIC; AGE
VALIDATION; LAMNA-NASUS; PRE-BOMB; FOOD-WEB; CALIBRATION; OTOLITHS;
DELTA-N-15
AB The Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus), an iconic species of the Arctic Seas, grows slowly and reaches >500 centimeters (cm) in total length, suggesting a life span well beyond those of other vertebrates. Radiocarbon dating of eye lens nuclei from 28 female Greenland sharks (81 to 502 cm in total length) revealed a life span of at least 272 years. Only the smallest sharks (220 cm or less) showed signs of the radiocarbon bomb pulse, a time marker of the early 1960s. The age ranges of prebomb sharks (reported as midpoint and extent of the 95.4% probability range) revealed the age at sexual maturity to be at least 156 +/- 22 years, and the largest animal (502 cm) to be 392 +/- 120 years old. Our results show that the Greenland shark is the longest-lived vertebrate known, and they raise concerns about species conservation.
C1 [Nielsen, Julius; Steffensen, Kirstine F.; Steffensen, John F.] Univ Copenhagen, Marine Biol Sect, Strandpromenaden 5, DK-3000 Helsingor, Denmark.
[Nielsen, Julius; Hedeholm, Rasmus B.] Greenland Inst Nat Resources, POB 570,Kivioq 2, Nuuk 3900, Greenland.
[Nielsen, Julius] Natl Aquarium Denmark, Den Bla Planet, Jacob Fortlingsvej 1, DK-2770 Kastrup, Denmark.
[Nielsen, Julius; Christiansen, Jorgen S.] UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Dept Arctic & Marine Biol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway.
[Heinemeier, Jan; Olsen, Jesper] Aarhus Univ, Aarhus AMS Ctr, Dept Phys & Astron, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
[Bushnell, Peter G.] Indiana Univ South Bend, Dept Biol Sci, 1700 Mishawaka Ave, South Bend, IN USA.
[Ramsey, Christopher Bronk] Univ Oxford, Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, Dyson Perrins Bldg,South Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3QY, England.
[Brill, Richard W.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, James J Howard Marine Sci Lab, 74 Magruder Rd, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
[Brill, Richard W.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, POB 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Simon, Malene] Greenland Inst Nat Resources, Greenland Climate Res Ctr, POB 570,Kivioq 2, Nuuk 3900, Greenland.
RP Nielsen, J (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Marine Biol Sect, Strandpromenaden 5, DK-3000 Helsingor, Denmark.; Nielsen, J (reprint author), Greenland Inst Nat Resources, POB 570,Kivioq 2, Nuuk 3900, Greenland.; Nielsen, J (reprint author), Natl Aquarium Denmark, Den Bla Planet, Jacob Fortlingsvej 1, DK-2770 Kastrup, Denmark.; Nielsen, J (reprint author), UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Dept Arctic & Marine Biol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway.
EM julius.nielsen@bio.ku.dk
RI Olsen, Jesper/F-1656-2013; Steffensen, John/F-6778-2010
OI Olsen, Jesper/0000-0002-4445-5520; Steffensen, John/0000-0002-4477-8039
FU Commission of Scientific Investigations in Greenland (KVUG); Save Our
Seas Foundation; National Geographic Foundation; Carlsberg Foundation;
Danish Centre for Marine Research; Den Bla Planet-National Aquarium of
Denmark; Greenland Institute of Natural Resources (GINR); Danish Council
for Independent Research
FX We are grateful for the contributions from M. B. Backe throughout the
manuscript. We thank the Commission of Scientific Investigations in
Greenland (KVUG), Save Our Seas Foundation, National Geographic
Foundation, Carlsberg Foundation, Danish Centre for Marine Research, Den
Bla Planet-National Aquarium of Denmark, Greenland Institute of Natural
Resources (GINR), and the Danish Council for Independent Research for
financial support. We thank GINR, the University of Copenhagen and the
TUNU Programme (UIT, The Arctic University of Norway) for ship time. We
are grateful for the collaboration with K.P. Lange. We thank the crews
of the RV Pamiut, RV Dana, RV Helmer Hanssen, RV Sanna, and RV Porsild.
Three anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments and discussion that
improved earlier versions of the manuscript.
NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 44
U2 64
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD AUG 12
PY 2016
VL 353
IS 6300
BP 702
EP 704
DI 10.1126/science.aaf1703
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT5ZC
UT WOS:000381561200041
PM 27516602
ER
PT J
AU Davis, NA
Seidel, DJ
Birner, T
Davis, SM
Tilmes, S
AF Davis, Nicholas A.
Seidel, Dian J.
Birner, Thomas
Davis, Sean M.
Tilmes, Simone
TI Changes in the width of the tropical belt due to simple radiative
forcing changes in the GeoMIP simulations
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EDDY-DRIVEN JET; HADLEY CIRCULATION; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; ATMOSPHERIC
CIRCULATION; POLEWARD EXPANSION; WATER-VAPOR; AQUAPLANET SIMULATIONS;
OBSERVATIONAL EVIDENCE; DYNAMICAL SENSITIVITY; GENERAL-CIRCULATION
AB Model simulations of future climates predict a poleward expansion of subtropical arid climates at the edges of Earth's tropical belt, which would have significant environmental and societal impacts. This expansion may be related to the poleward shift of the Hadley cell edges, where subsidence stabilizes the atmosphere and suppresses precipitation. Understanding the primary drivers of tropical expansion is hampered by the myriad forcing agents in most model projections of future climate. While many previous studies have examined the response of idealized models to simplified climate forcings and the response of comprehensive climate models to more complex climate forcings, few have examined how comprehensive climate models respond to simplified climate forcings. To shed light on robust processes associated with tropical expansion, here we examine how the tropical belt width, as measured by the Hadley cell edges, responds to simplified forcings in the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). The tropical belt expands in response to a quadrupling of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and contracts in response to a reduction in the solar constant, with a range of a factor of 3 in the response among nine models. Models with more surface warming and an overall stronger temperature response to quadrupled carbon dioxide exhibit greater tropical expansion, a robust result in spite of inter-model differences in the mean Hadley cell width, parameterizations, and numerical schemes. Under a scenario where the solar constant is reduced to offset an instantaneous quadrupling of carbon dioxide, the Hadley cells remain at their preindustrial width, despite the residual stratospheric cooling associated with elevated carbon dioxide levels. Quadrupled carbon dioxide produces greater tropical belt expansion in the Southern Hemisphere than in the Northern Hemisphere. This expansion is strongest in austral summer and autumn. Ozone depletion has been argued to cause this pattern of changes in observations and model experiments, but the results here indicate that seasonally and hemispherically asymmetric tropical expansion can be a basic response of the general circulation to climate forcings.
C1 [Davis, Nicholas A.; Birner, Thomas] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Seidel, Dian J.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD USA.
[Davis, Sean M.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Tilmes, Simone] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Davis, NA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM nadavis@atmos.colostate.edu
RI Birner, Thomas/A-2108-2008; Davis, Sean/C-9570-2011; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Birner, Thomas/0000-0002-2966-3428; Davis, Sean/0000-0001-9276-6158;
FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship; National
Science Foundation
FX Two anonymous reviewers are thanked for their constructive comments. We
thank all participants of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison
Project and their model development teams, the CLIVAR/WCRP Working Group
on Coupled Modeling for endorsing GeoMIP, and the scientists managing
the Earth System Grid Federation data nodes who have assisted with
making GeoMIP output available. We also thank Ben Kravitz for supplying
some model output. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's
Working Group on Coupled Modeling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we
thank the climate modeling groups for producing and making available
their model output. Nicholas Davis was supported by a National Science
Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. The National Center for
Atmospheric Research is supported by the National Science Foundation.
NR 94
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 11
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 11
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 15
BP 10083
EP 10095
DI 10.5194/acp-16-10083-2016
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV8HH
UT WOS:000383177600001
ER
PT J
AU Busch, DS
McElhany, P
AF Busch, D. Shallin
McElhany, Paul
TI Estimates of the Direct Effect of Seawater pH on the Survival Rate of
Species Groups in the California Current Ecosystem
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; MARINE ORGANISMS; POTENTIAL IMPACTS; ANTHROPOGENIC
CO2; RESPONSES; SYSTEM; FUTURE; METAANALYSIS; ADAPTATION; MANAGEMENT
AB Ocean acidification (OA) has the potential to restructure ecosystems due to variation in species sensitivity to the projected changes in ocean carbon chemistry. Ecological models can be forced with scenarios of OA to help scientists, managers, and other stakeholders understand how ecosystems might change. We present a novel methodology for developing estimates of species sensitivity to OA that are regionally specific, and applied the method to the California Current ecosystem. To do so, we built a database of all published literature on the sensitivity of temperate species to decreased pH. This database contains 393 papers on 285 species and 89 multi-species groups from temperate waters around the world. Research on urchins and oysters and on adult life stages dominates the literature. Almost a third of the temperate species studied to date occur in the California Current. However, most laboratory experiments use control pH conditions that are too high to represent average current chemistry conditions in the portion of the California Current water column where the majority of the species live. We developed estimates of sensitivity to OA for functional groups in the ecosystem, which can represent single species or taxonomically diverse groups of hundreds of species. We based these estimates on the amount of available evidence derived from published studies on species sensitivity, how well this evidence could inform species sensitivity in the California Current ecosystem, and the agreement of the available evidence for a species/species group. This approach is similar to that taken by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to characterize certainty when summarizing scientific findings. Most functional groups (26 of 34) responded negatively to OA conditions, but when uncertainty in sensitivity was considered, only 11 groups had relationships that were consistently negative. Thus, incorporating certainty about the sensitivity of species and functional groups to OA is an important part of developing robust scenarios for ecosystem projections.
C1 [Busch, D. Shallin] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Ocean Acidificat Program, Off Ocean & Atmospher Res, NOAA, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Busch, D. Shallin] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[McElhany, Paul] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Busch, DS (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Ocean Acidificat Program, Off Ocean & Atmospher Res, NOAA, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.; Busch, DS (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Shallin.Busch@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Northwest Fisheries
Science Center; Ocean Acidification Program; Northwest Fisheries Science
Center; NOAA Ocean Acidification Program
FX DSB and PM were funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's Northwest Fisheries Science Center and Ocean
Acidification Program. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.; Isaac Kaplan and Chris Harvey provided helpful comments to
improve this manuscript. Funding for this project was provided by the
NOAA Ocean Acidification Program and the Northwest Fisheries Science
Center.
NR 64
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 16
U2 16
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 11
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 8
AR e0160669
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0160669
PG 28
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT3KY
UT WOS:000381381100056
PM 27513576
ER
PT J
AU Quinn, RA
Lim, YW
Make, TD
Whiteson, K
Furlan, M
Conrad, D
Rohwer, F
Dorrestein, P
AF Quinn, Robert A.
Lim, Yan Wei
Make, Tytus D.
Whiteson, Katrine
Furlan, Mike
Conrad, Douglas
Rohwer, Forest
Dorrestein, Pieter
TI Metabolomics of pulmonary exacerbations reveals the personalized nature
of cystic fibrosis disease
SO PEERJ
LA English
DT Article
DE Personalized medicine; Cystic fibrosis; Metabolomics; Exacerbation; Mass
spectrometry
ID PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; STENOTROPHOMONAS-MALTOPHILIA;
ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; AIRWAY MICROBIOTA; LUNG-DISEASE; FACTOR PAF;
CERAMIDE; ADULTS; FERMENTATION; INFLAMMATION
AB Background. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease that results in chronic infections of the lungs. CF patients experience intermittent pulmonary exacerbations (CFPE) that are associated with poor clinical outcomes. CFPE involves an increase in disease symptoms requiring more aggressive therapy.
Methods. Longitudinal sputum samples were collected from 11 patients (n = 44 samples) to assess the effect of exacerbations on the sputum metabolome using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The data was analyzed with MS/MS molecular networking and multivariate statistics.
Results. The individual patient source had a larger influence on the metabolome of sputum than the clinical state (exacerbation, treatment, post-treatment, or stable). Of the 4,369 metabolites detected, 12% were unique to CFPE samples; however, the only known metabolites significantly elevated at exacerbation across the dataset were platelet activating factor (PAF) and a related monacylglycerophosphocholine lipid. Due to the personalized nature of the sputum metabolome, a single patient was followed for 4.2 years (capturing four separate exacerbation events) as a case study for the detection of personalized biomarkers with metabolomics. PAF and related lipids were significantly elevated during CFPEs of this patient and ceramide was elevated during CFPE treatment. Correlating the abundance of bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons to metabolomics data from the same samples during a CFPE demonstrated that antibiotics were positively correlated to Stenotrophomonas and Pseudomonas, while ceramides and other lipids were correlated with Streptococcus, Rothia, and anaerobes.
Conclusions. This study identified PAF and other inflammatory lipids as potential biomarkers of CFPE, but overall, the metabolome of CF sputum was patient specific, supporting a personalized approach to molecular detection of CFPE onset.
C1 [Quinn, Robert A.; Dorrestein, Pieter] Univ Calif San Diego, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sc, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Lim, Yan Wei; Furlan, Mike; Rohwer, Forest] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Make, Tytus D.] NIST, Mass Spectrometry Data Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Whiteson, Katrine] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
[Conrad, Douglas] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP Quinn, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sc, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
EM quinnr1234@gmail.com
FU Cystic Fibrosis Research Inc.; Elizabeth Nash Memorial Fellowship;
National Institute of Health (NIH) [R01GM095384, 3R01GM095384-03S1,
S10RR029121]; University of California San Diego Clinical and
Translational Research [UL1 RR031980]; Bruker Therapeutic Discovery Mass
Spectrometry Center at the UCSD Skaggs School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences; Cystic Fibrosis Research Inc. (CFRI)
FX Financial support was received from the Cystic Fibrosis Research Inc.
Elizabeth Nash Memorial Fellowship awarded to RAQ; the National
Institute of Health (NIH) Grants R01GM095384 (FLR) and its
administrative supplement 3R01GM095384-03S1 subcontracted to FLR and
PCD, S10RR029121 (to PCD), and the University of California San Diego
Clinical and Translational Research project #UL1 RR031980 (to DJC).
Funding was received from the Bruker Therapeutic Discovery Mass
Spectrometry Center at the UCSD Skaggs School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences. Cystic Fibrosis Research Inc. (CFRI) sponsored
RAQ with the Elizabeth Nash Memorial Fellowship. The funders had no role
in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 51
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 7
PU PEERJ INC
PI LONDON
PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND
SN 2167-8359
J9 PEERJ
JI PeerJ
PD AUG 11
PY 2016
VL 4
AR e2174
DI 10.7717/peerj.2174
PG 21
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT1QR
UT WOS:000381257700001
PM 27602256
ER
PT J
AU Kwon, J
Sharma, AA
Chen, CY
Fantini, A
Jurczak, M
Herzing, AA
Bain, JA
Picard, YN
Skowronski, M
AF Kwon, Jonghan
Sharma, Abhishek A.
Chen, Chao-Yang
Fantini, Andrea
Jurczak, Malgorzata
Herzing, Andrew A.
Bain, James A.
Picard, Yoosuf N.
Skowronski, Marek
TI Transient Thermometry and High-Resolution Transmission Electron
Microscopy Analysis of Filamentary Resistive Switches
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE RRAM; thermometry; filament; HRTEM; STEM-EELS
ID METAL-OXIDE RRAM; TEMPERATURE; MECHANISM; VOLTAGE; DEVICES; MEMORY;
LAYERS; MODEL
AB We present data on the filament size and temperature distribution Hf0.82Al0.18Ox-based Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) devices obtained by transient thermometry and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The thermometry shows that the temperature of the nonvolatile conducting filament can reach temperatures as high as 1600 K at the onset of RESET at voltage of 0.8 V and power of 40 mu W. The size of the filament was estimated at about 1 mn in diameter. Hot filament increases the temperature of the surrounding high resistivity oxide, causing it to conduct and carry a significant fraction of the total current. The current spreading results in slowing down the filament temperature increase at higher power. The results of thermometry have been corroborated by HRTEM analysis of the as-fabricated and switched RRAM devices. The functional HfAlOx layer in as-fabricated devices is amorphous. In devices that were switched, we detected a small crystalline region of 10-15 nm in size. The crystallization temperature of the HfAlOx was determined to be 850 K in an independent annealing experiment. The size of the crystalline region agrees with thermal modeling based on the thermometry data. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coordinated with electron energy loss spectroscopy could not detect changes in the chemical makeup of the filament.
C1 [Kwon, Jonghan; Picard, Yoosuf N.; Skowronski, Marek] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Sharma, Abhishek A.; Bain, James A.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Chen, Chao-Yang; Fantini, Andrea; Jurczak, Malgorzata] IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
[Herzing, Andrew A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Skowronski, M (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM mareks@cmu.edu
RI Skowronski, Marek/A-8934-2011
OI Skowronski, Marek/0000-0002-2087-0068
FU NSF [DMR1409068]; SRC [2012-VJ-2247]; Materials Characterization
Facility at Carnegie Mellon University [MCF-677785]
FX This work was supported by NSF Grant No. DMR1409068 and SRC Contract No.
2012-VJ-2247. Also, the authors acknowledge use of Materials
Characterization Facility at Carnegie Mellon University supported by
grant MCF-677785.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 12
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD AUG 10
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 31
BP 20176
EP 20184
DI 10.1021/acsami.6b05034
PG 9
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DT2SV
UT WOS:000381331600039
PM 27351065
ER
PT J
AU Wagner, GA
Plusquellic, DF
AF Wagner, Gerd A.
Plusquellic, David F.
TI Ground-based, integrated path differential absorption LIDAR measurement
of CO2, CH4, and H2O near 1.6 mu m
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL PARAMETRIC OSCILLATOR; SWITCHED ERYAG LASER; CONTINUOUS-WAVE;
ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CARBON-DIOXIDE; AIRBORNE MEASUREMENTS; SPECTROMETER
SYSTEM; COLUMN MEASUREMENTS; COHERENT DETECTION; MIXING-RATIO
AB A ground-based, integrated path, differential absorption light detection and ranging (IPDA LIDAR) system is described and characterized for a series of nighttime studies of CO2, CH4, and H2O. The transmitter is based on an actively stabilized, continuous-wave, single-frequency external-cavity diode laser (ECDL) operating from 1.60 to 1.65 mu m. The fixed frequency output of the ECDL is microwave sideband tuned using an electro-optical phase modulator driven by an arbitrary waveform generator and filtered using a confocal cavity to generate a sequence of 123 frequencies separated by 300 MHz. The scan sequence of single sideband frequencies of 600 ns duration covers a 37 GHz region at a spectral scan rate of 10 kHz (100 mu s per scan). Simultaneously, an eye-safe backscatter LIDAR system at 1.064 mu m is used to monitor the atmospheric boundary layer. IPDA LIDAR measurements of the CO2 and CH4 dry air mixing ratios are presented in comparison with those from a commercial cavity ringdown (CRD) instrument. Differences between the IPDA LIDAR and CRD concentrations in several cases appear to be well correlated with the atmospheric aerosol structure from the backscatter LIDAR measurements. IPDA LIDAR dry air mixing ratios of CO2 and CH4 are determined with fit uncertainties of 2.8 mu mol/mol (ppm) for CO2 and 22 nmol/mol (ppb) for CH4 over 30 s measurement periods. For longer averaging times (up to 1200 s), improvements in these detection limits by up to 3-fold are estimated from Allan variance analyses. Two sources of systematic error are identified and methods to remove them are discussed, including speckle interference from wavelength decorrelation and the seed power dependence of amplified spontaneous emission. Accuracies in the dry air retrievals of CO2 and CH4 in a 30 s measurement period are estimated at 4 mu mol/mol (1% of ambient levels) and 50 nmol/ mol (3%), respectively.
C1 [Wagner, Gerd A.; Plusquellic, David F.] NIST, Quantum Electromagnet Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Plusquellic, DF (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Electromagnet Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM david.plusquellic@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Greenhouse Gas
Measurement and Climate Research Program
FX National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Greenhouse Gas
Measurement and Climate Research Program.
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 20
U2 20
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD AUG 10
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 23
BP 6292
EP 6310
DI 10.1364/AO.55.006292
PG 19
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DT3IT
UT WOS:000381375100020
PM 27534472
ER
PT J
AU Patrick, HJ
Germer, TA
Zarobila, CJ
Cooksey, CC
Yoon, HW
AF Patrick, Heather J.
Germer, Thomas A.
Zarobila, Clarence J.
Cooksey, Catherine C.
Yoon, Howard W.
TI Optical reflectance of pyrheliometer absorption cavities: progress
toward SI-traceable measurements of solar irradiance
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE; RADIANCE FACTOR
AB We have accurately determined the absorptance of three pyrheliometer cavities at 532 nm by measuring the residual reflectance using an angle-resolved bidirectional reflectometer. Measurements were performed at a normal incidence as a function of the viewing angle and position on the cavity cone. By numerically integrating the measured angle-resolved scatter over both the direction and position and accounting for an obstructed view of the cavity, we determined that the effective cavity reflectance was between 8 x 10(-4) and 9 x 10(-4). Thus, the absorptance of the three cavities ranged from 0.99909 +/- 0.00014 to 0.99922 +/- 0.00012 (k = 2 combined expanded uncertainties). These measurements, when extended over the spectral range of operation of the pyrheliometer, are required to establish SI traceability for absolute solar irradiance measurements.
C1 [Patrick, Heather J.; Germer, Thomas A.; Zarobila, Clarence J.; Cooksey, Catherine C.; Yoon, Howard W.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zarobila, Clarence J.] Jung Res & Dev Corp, 3807 Porter St NW, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
RP Patrick, HJ (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM heather.patrick@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD AUG 10
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 23
BP 6346
EP 6354
DI 10.1364/AO.55.006346
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DT3IT
UT WOS:000381375100026
PM 27534478
ER
PT J
AU Pyataeva, SV
Hopcroft, RR
Lindsay, DJ
Collins, AG
AF Pyataeva, Sofia V.
Hopcroft, Russell R.
Lindsay, Dhugal J.
Collins, Allen G.
TI DNA barcodes unite two problematic taxa: the meiobenthic Boreohydra
simplex is a life-cycle stage of Plotocnide borealis (Hydrozoa:
Aplanulata)
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE polyp; medusa; metagenesis; bipolar distribution; meiofauna
ID EUROPEAN ATHECATE HYDROIDS; CNIDARIA HYDROZOA; MEDUSAE HYDROZOA; HYDRA;
OOCYTE; SIPHONOPHORA; PERFORMANCE; OOGENESIS; CELLS; SEA
AB Genetic barcodes of arctic medusae and meiobenthic cnidarians have uncovered a fortuitous connection between the medusa Plotocnide borealis Wagner, 1885 and the minute, mud-dwelling polyp Boreohydra simplex Westblad, 1937. Little to no sequence differences exist among independently collected samples identified as Boreohydra simplex and Plotocnide borealis, showing that the two different forms represent a single species that is henceforth known by the older name Plotocnide borealis Wagner, 1885. The polyp form has been observed to produce bulges previously hypothesized to be gonophores, and the results here are consistent with that view. Interestingly, the polyp has also been reported to produce egg cells in the epiderm, a surprising phenomenon that we document here for only the second time. Thus, P. borealis produces eggs in two different life stages, polyp and medusa. This is the first documented case of a metagenetic medusozoan species being able to produce gametes in both the medusa and polyp stage. It remains unclear what environmental/ecological conditions modulate the production of eggs and/or medusa buds in the polyp stage. Similarly, sperm production, fertilization and development are unknown, warranting further studies.
C1 [Pyataeva, Sofia V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Biol, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Moscow, Russia.
[Pyataeva, Sofia V.] Minist Healthcare Russian Federat, Res Ctr Obstet Gynecol & Perinatol, Fed State Budget Inst, Moscow, Russia.
[Hopcroft, Russell R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Marine Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Lindsay, Dhugal J.] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA.
RP Pyataeva, SV (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Biol, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Moscow, Russia.; Pyataeva, SV (reprint author), Minist Healthcare Russian Federat, Res Ctr Obstet Gynecol & Perinatol, Fed State Budget Inst, Moscow, Russia.
EM biosonya@gmail.com
OI Collins, Allen/0000-0002-3664-9691
FU Cooperative Institute for Alaska Research (CIFAR); National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [NA13OAR4320056, NA08OAR4320870];
University of Alaska
FX This publication is the result, in part, of research sponsored by the
Cooperative Institute for Alaska Research (CIFAR) with funds from the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) under cooperative
agreements NA13OAR4320056 and NA08OAR4320870 with the University of
Alaska. We greatly thank the staff of the N.A. Pertsov White Sea
Biological Station of the Moscow State University for providing
laboratory space, facilities and invaluable support in collecting all
meiobenthic hydroid specimens. Some of this work was performed using
resources of the Laboratories of Analytical Biology at the Smithsonian
National Museum of Natural History. We are also grateful for discussions
with Ferdinando Boero and Igor Kosevich about variation in the
reproductive biology within Hydrozoa.
NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 11
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD AUG 10
PY 2016
VL 4150
IS 1
BP 85
EP 92
DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4150.1.5
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DS8BQ
UT WOS:000381008100005
PM 27515647
ER
PT J
AU Salehi, M
Krishnamurthy, A
Forster, AM
Hsiao, KT
Whelton, AJ
AF Salehi, Maryam
Krishnamurthy, Ajay
Forster, Aaron M.
Hsiao, Kuang-Ting
Whelton, Andrew J.
TI Polyester composite water uptake and organic contaminant release
affected by carbon nanofiber reinforcements
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ageing; composites; degradation; fibers; polyesters
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FIBER COMPOSITES; UNSATURATED POLYESTER; POLYMER
COMPOSITES; ABSORPTION; PIPES; ENVIRONMENT; DURABILITY; BEHAVIOR;
FATIGUE
AB The incorporation of carbon nanofiber (CNF) into glass fiber (GF) composites is a potential route to extend polymer composite service-life and enhance mechanical properties. Under nonstatic conditions, only limited information concerning water uptake and contaminant release properties of nanocomposite materials is currently available. Polyester composites containing GF and oxidized CNF were immersed in water for 30 days under nominal pressure at 23 degrees C, below the polymer's glass-transition temperature. Water was analyzed and changed every three days to simulate water chemistry regeneration similar to exposures in flowing systems. Composites with oxidized CNF had greater water sorption capacity and leaching rates than CNF-free composites. The total mass of organic contaminant released correlated with the amount of water sorbed by each composite (r(2)=0.91), although CNF dispersion was found to vary greatly within composites. The greatest and least contaminant release rates were found for the polyester-CNF and the polyester-GF composites, respectively. While volatile aromatic resin solvents and stabilizer compounds were detected, their concentrations declined over the 30 day exposure period. We hypothesize that the hydrophilic nature of the oxidized CNF increased the water sorption capacity of the polyester composites. Additional studies are warranted that examine the impact of this phenomenon on composite mechanical and long-term durability properties. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43724.
C1 [Salehi, Maryam; Whelton, Andrew J.] Purdue Univ, Div Ecol & Environm Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Salehi, Maryam; Whelton, Andrew J.] Purdue Univ, Lyles Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Krishnamurthy, Ajay; Forster, Aaron M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Engn Lab, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hsiao, Kuang-Ting] Univ S Alabama, Dept Mech Engn, 3130 Shelby Hall, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
RP Whelton, AJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Div Ecol & Environm Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; Whelton, AJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Lyles Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM awhelton@purdue.edu
FU US NASA (EPSCoR) [NNX10AN26A]; US National Science Foundation (EPSCoR)
[1158862]; US National Science Foundation (CBET) [1228615]; National
Institute of Standards and Technology
FX The authors thank Jesus Estaba, Eddy Colmenarez, Landon Wallace, and
Basil Farah for their assistance. Special thanks are also extended to
Laura Linn at Dauphin Island Sea Laboratory and Keven Kelley for water
quality analyses. Partial project support was provided by the US NASA
(EPSCoR #NNX10AN26A), US National Science Foundation (EPSCoR #1158862,
CBET #1228615), and National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8995
EI 1097-4628
J9 J APPL POLYM SCI
JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
PD AUG 10
PY 2016
VL 133
IS 30
AR 43724
DI 10.1002/app.43724
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DM3QU
UT WOS:000376262100024
ER
PT J
AU Murdoch, GP
Lindley, TT
Morris, CJ
AF Murdoch, Gregory P.
Lindley, T. Todd
Morris, Christopher J.
TI A Doppler Radar and Conceptual Analysis of a Horizontal Longitudinal
Vortex Influencing the Bastrop Complex Wildfire
SO JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; CONVECTIVE ROLLS; VORTICES
AB The Bastrop Complex wildfire (BCW) occurred during the record-breaking Texas drought of 2011. Although the 139.03 km(-2) (34 356 ac) fire burned an area much smaller than the state's largest wildfires, it was the largest wildland fire on record in central Texas, and the resultant property losses were unprecedented in Texas history. The BCW is of meteorological interest because of its simultaneous occurrence and interaction with a transient ambient horizontal longitudinal vortex (HLV). This study presents a conceptual review of HLVs from the perspectives of both meteorology and fire behavior. A thorough Doppler radar analysis of the BCW and its interaction with a transient pre-existing HLV is provided through observations of the remotely sensed debris plume. A basic conceptual model for the phasing of a wildland fire's circulation with an ambient HLV is presented, underscoring the advantages of using Doppler radar to diagnose near-fire environments for tactical firefighting applications.
C1 [Murdoch, Gregory P.] Natl Weather Serv, 2500 Challenger Dr, Midland, TX 79706 USA.
[Lindley, T. Todd] Natl Weather Serv, Norman, OK USA.
[Morris, Christopher J.] Natl Weather Serv, Amarillo, TX USA.
RP Murdoch, GP (reprint author), Natl Weather Serv, 2500 Challenger Dr, Midland, TX 79706 USA.
EM gregory.murdoch@noaa.gov
NR 30
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU NATL WEATHER ASSOC
PI NORMAN
PA 350 DAVID L BOREN BLVD, STE 2750, NORMAN, OK USA
SN 2325-6184
J9 J OPER METEOROL
JI J. Oper. Meteorol.
PD AUG 9
PY 2016
VL 4
IS 12
BP 160
EP 169
DI 10.15191/nwajom.2016.0412
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA EC9VN
UT WOS:000388492500001
ER
PT J
AU Rowe, PM
Cox, CJ
Walden, V
AF Rowe, Penny M.
Cox, Christopher J.
Walden, Von P.
TI Toward autonomous surface-based infrared remote sensing of polar clouds:
cloud-height retrievals
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; SOUTH-POLE; PART I; ALTITUDE; EMISSIVITY;
REANALYSES; ATMOSPHERE; SCATTERING; SYSTEM; FLUXES
AB Polar regions are characterized by their remoteness, making measurements challenging, but an improved knowledge of clouds and radiation is necessary to understand polar climate change. Infrared radiance spectrometers can operate continuously from the surface and have low power requirements relative to active sensors. Here we explore the feasibility of retrieving cloud height with an infrared spectrometer that would be designed for use in remote polar locations. Using a wide variety of simulated spectra of mixed-phase polar clouds at varying instrument resolutions, retrieval accuracy is explored using the CO2 slicing/sorting and the minimum local emissivity variance (MLEV) methods. In the absence of imposed errors and for clouds with optical depths greater than similar to aEuro-0.3, cloud-height retrievals from simulated spectra using CO2 slicing/sorting and MLEV are found to have roughly equivalent high accuracies: at an instrument resolution of 0.5aEuro-cm(-1), mean biases are found to be similar to aEuro-0.2aEuro-km for clouds with bases below 2 and -0.2aEuro-km for higher clouds. Accuracy is found to decrease with coarsening resolution and become worse overall for MLEV than for CO2 slicing/sorting; however, the two methods have differing sensitivity to different sources of error, suggesting an approach that combines them. For expected errors in the atmospheric state as well as both instrument noise and bias of 0.2aEuro-mW/(m(2)aEuro-sraEuro-cm(-1)), at a resolution of 4aEuro-cm(-1), average retrieval errors are found to be less than similar to aEuro-0.5aEuro-km for cloud bases within 1aEuro-km of the surface, increasing to similar to aEuro-1.5aEuro-km at 4aEuro-km. This sensitivity indicates that a portable, surface-based infrared radiance spectrometer could provide an important complement in remote locations to satellite-based measurements, for which retrievals of low-level cloud are challenging.
C1 [Rowe, Penny M.] NorthWest Res Associates, Redmond, WA 98052 USA.
[Rowe, Penny M.] Univ Santiago Chile, Dept Phys, Santiago, Chile.
[Cox, Christopher J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cox, Christopher J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Walden, Von P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Rowe, PM (reprint author), NorthWest Res Associates, Redmond, WA 98052 USA.; Rowe, PM (reprint author), Univ Santiago Chile, Dept Phys, Santiago, Chile.
EM penny@nwra.com
OI COX, CHRISTOPHER/0000-0003-2203-7173
FU National Science Foundation [ARC-1108451, PLR 1543236]; Arctic Research
Program of the NOAA Climate Program Office; Cooperative Institute for
Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) Visiting Fellowship Program;
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONICYT)-Anillos [Preis
ACT1410]
FX The authors acknowledge funding from National Science Foundation grant,
ARC-1108451. Christopher J. Cox acknowledges funding from the Arctic
Research Program of the NOAA Climate Program Office and the Cooperative
Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) Visiting
Fellowship Program. Penny M. Rowe acknowledges funding from Consejo
Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONICYT)-Anillos, Preis ACT1410 and
from the National Science Foundation under PLR 1543236. Any opinions,
findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material
are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
National Science Foundation. The authors are also grateful for useful
conversations with S. Neshyba (U. Puget Sound).
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
EI 1867-8548
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PD AUG 9
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 8
BP 3641
EP 3659
DI 10.5194/amt-9-3641-2016
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV7VL
UT WOS:000383146000002
ER
PT J
AU Wu, QZ
Conway, J
Phillips, KM
Stolen, M
Durden, WN
Fauquier, D
Mcfee, WE
Schwacke, L
AF Wu, Qingzhong
Conway, Jessica
Phillips, Kristen M.
Stolen, Megan
Durden, Wendy N.
Fauquier, Deborah
Mcfee, Wayne E.
Schwacke, Lori
TI Detection of Brucella spp. in bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus by
a real-time PCR using blowhole swabs
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bottlenose dolphins; Brucella spp.; Real-time PCR; Blowhole swab; Lung
ID MARINE MAMMALS; IDENTIFICATION; PINNIPEDIALIS; CETACEANS; EXPOSURE; CETI
AB Blowhole swabs are a simple and non-invasive method for collecting samples from cetaceans and can be used for screening large numbers of animals in the field. This study reports a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Brucella spp. using blowhole swab samples from bottle-nose dolphins Tursiops truncatus stranded in the coastal region of Virginia, South Carolina and northern Florida, USA, between 2013 and 2015. We used real-time PCR results on lung samples from the same dolphins in order to estimate the relative sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR of blowhole swabs. Brucella DNA was detected in lung tissue of 22% (18/81) and in blowhole swabs of 21% (17/81) of the sampled dolphins. The relative sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR on blowhole swabs as compared to the real-time PCR on lung samples was 94% (17/18) and 100% (63/63), respectively. These results indicate that real-time PCR on blowhole swabs may be used as a non-invasive test for rapid detection of Brucella spp. in the respiratory tract of dolphins. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the use of blowhole swabs for detection of bacterial pathogens by real-time PCR in bottlenose dolphins.
C1 [Wu, Qingzhong; Schwacke, Lori] Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, NOAA, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Conway, Jessica; Mcfee, Wayne E.] Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, NOAA, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Phillips, Kristen M.] Virginia Aquarium & Marine Sci Ctr Fdn, Virginia Beach, VA 23451 USA.
[Stolen, Megan; Durden, Wendy N.] Hubbs SeaWorld Res Inst, Melbourne Beach, FL 32951 USA.
[Fauquier, Deborah] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Mammal Hlth & Stranding Response Program, Off Protected Resources, NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Wu, QZ (reprint author), Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, NOAA, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM david.wu@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Oceans and Human Health Initiative; National Marine Fisheries
Service Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program; Marine
Mammal Unusual Mortality Event Contingency Fund; John H. Prescott Marine
Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program
FX We thank staff and volunteers from multiple marine mammal stranding
organizations for sample collection. Funding for this research was
provided by NOAA's Oceans and Human Health Initiative and the National
Marine Fisheries Service Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response
Program, the Marine Mammal Unusual Mortality Event Contingency Fund, and
the John H. Prescott Marine Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program. This
publication does not constitute an endorsement of any commercial product
or intend to be an opinion beyond scientific or other results obtained
by the NOAA.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD AUG 9
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 3
BP 241
EP 244
DI 10.3354/dao03034
PG 4
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA DV9JL
UT WOS:000383256600008
PM 27503920
ER
PT J
AU Sprenger, JK
Cavanagh, AS
Sun, HX
Wahl, KJ
Roshko, A
George, SM
AF Sprenger, Jaclyn K.
Cavanagh, Andrew S.
Sun, Huaxing
Wahl, Kathryn J.
Roshko, Alexana
George, Steven M.
TI Electron Enhanced Growth of Crystalline Gallium Nitride Thin Films at
Room Temperature and 100 degrees C Using Sequential Surface Reactions
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC-LAYER EPITAXY; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; INDUCED
THERMAL-DESORPTION; STIMULATED DESORPTION; WURTZITE GAN; HYDROGEN
DESORPTION; YELLOW LUMINESCENCE; PHASE EPITAXY; QUALITY GAN; CUBIC-GAN
AB Low energy electrons may provide mechanisms to enhance thin film growth at low temperatures. As a proof of concept, this work demonstrated the deposition of gallium nitride (GaN) films over areas of similar to 5 cm(2) at room temperature and 100 degrees C using electrons with a low energy of 50 eV from an electron flood gun. The GaN films were deposited on Si(111) wafers using a cycle of reactions similar to the sequence employed for GaN atomic layer deposition (ALD). Trimethylgallium (Ga(CH3)(3), TMG), hydrogen (H) radicals and ammonia (NH3) were employed as the reactants with electron exposures included in the reaction cycle after the TMG/H and NH3 exposures. A number of ex situ techniques were then employed to analyze the GaN films. Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements revealed that the GaN films grew linearly with the number of reaction cycles. Linear growth rates of up to 1.3 angstrom/cycle were obtained from the surface areas receiving the highest electron fluxes. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction analysis revealed polycrystalline GaN films with the wurtzite crystal structure. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed crystalline grains with diameters between 2 and 10 nm depending on the growth temperature. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth-profiling displayed no oxygen contamination when the GaN films were capped with Al prior to atmospheric exposure. However, the carbon concentrations in the GaN films were 10-35 at. %. The mechanism for the low temperature GaN growth is believed to result from the electron stimulated desorption (ESD) of hydrogen. Hydrogen ESD yields dangling bonds that facilitate Ga-N bond formation. Mass spectrometry measurements performed concurrently with the reaction cycles revealed increases in the pressure of H-2 and various GaN etch products during the electron beam exposures. The amount of H-2 and GaN etch products increased with electron beam energy from 25 to 200 eV. These results indicate that the GaN growth occurs with competing GaN etching during the reaction cycles.
C1 [Sprenger, Jaclyn K.; Cavanagh, Andrew S.; Sun, Huaxing; George, Steven M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wahl, Kathryn J.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Roshko, Alexana] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[George, Steven M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Sprenger, JK (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) [W911NF-13-1-0041]
FX This work was supported by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA) under grant W911NF-13-1-0041. The authors thank Brian Holloway,
Tyler McQuade, and Anne Fischer from DARPA for their support and helpful
comments. The authors also are grateful to John Russell and Chip Eddy
from the Naval Research Laboratory for useful discussions and for
providing the single-crystal GaN wafer. The authors also thank Andres
Jaramillo-Botero and William Goddard from the California Institute of
Technology for many useful suggestions. In addition, the authors
acknowledge Kenneth Smith and Donald David from the University of
Colorado Integrated Instrument Development Facility for their help with
system design, development, and computer interfacing.
NR 73
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 17
U2 17
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
EI 1520-5002
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD AUG 9
PY 2016
VL 28
IS 15
BP 5282
EP 5294
DI 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b00676
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA DT2OQ
UT WOS:000381320700011
ER
PT J
AU Yu, J
Mao, J
Yuan, GC
Satija, S
Jiang, Z
Chen, W
Tirrell, M
AF Yu, Jing
Mao, Jun
Yuan, Guangcui
Satija, Sushil
Jiang, Zhang
Chen, Wei
Tirrell, Matthew
TI Structure of Polyelectrolyte Brushes in the Presence of Multivalent
Counterions
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID POLY(ACRYLIC ACID) BRUSHES; GRAFTING DENSITY GRADIENTS; POLYMER BRUSHES;
ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; LUBRICATION FORCES; HYDRATION FORCES; MICA
SURFACES; COLLAPSE; BEHAVIOR; CHAINS
AB Polyelectrolyte brushes are of great importance to a wide range of fields, ranging from colloidal stabilization to responsive and tunable materials to lubrication. We synthesized high-density polystyrenesulfonate (PSS) brushes using surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization and performed neutron reflectivity (NR) and surface force measurements using a surface forces apparatus (SFA) to investigate the effect of monovalent Na+, divalent Ca2+, Mg2+, and Ba2+, and trivalent Y3+ counterions on the structure of the PSS brushes. NR and SFA results demonstrate that in monovalent salt solution the behavior of the PSS brushes agrees with scaling theory well, exhibiting two distinct regimes: the osmotic and salted brush regimes. Introducing trivalent Y3+ cations causes an abrupt shrinkage of the PSS brush due to the uptake of Y3+ counterions. The uptake of Y3+ counterions and shrinkage of the brush are reversible upon increasing the concentration of monovalent salt. Divalent cations, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Ba2+, while all significantly affecting the structure of PSS brushes, show strong ion specific effects that are related to the specific interactions between the divalent cations and the sulfonate groups. Our results demonstrate that the presence of multivalent counterions, even at relatively low concentrations, can strongly affect the structure of polyelectrolyte brushes. The results also highlight the importance of ion specificity to the structure of polyelectrolyte brushes in solution.
C1 [Yu, Jing; Mao, Jun; Chen, Wei; Tirrell, Matthew] Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Yu, Jing; Chen, Wei; Tirrell, Matthew] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Jiang, Zhang] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Yuan, Guangcui; Satija, Sushil] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yuan, Guangcui] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 43250 USA.
RP Chen, W; Tirrell, M (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Inst Mol Engn, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.; Chen, W; Tirrell, M (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM wchen@anl.gov; mtirrell@uchicago.edu
RI Chen, Wei/G-6055-2011; Yu, Jing/C-4138-2017
OI Chen, Wei/0000-0001-8906-4278; Yu, Jing/0000-0002-4288-951X
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Program in Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Program in Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science
and Engineering. The identification of commercial products does not
imply endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology
nor does it imply that these are the best for the purpose.
NR 53
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 35
U2 45
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
EI 1520-5835
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD AUG 9
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 15
BP 5609
EP 5617
DI 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01064
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DT2OM
UT WOS:000381320300031
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, BH
Cooper, J
Ye, J
Rey, AM
AF Zhu, Bihui
Cooper, John
Ye, Jun
Rey, Ana Maria
TI Light scattering from dense cold atomic media
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRACOLD QUANTUM GASES; LONG-RANGE COLLISIONS; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING;
SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; IDENTICAL ATOMS; CLASSICAL WAVES; FIELD THEORY;
LASER; PHOTON; BACKSCATTERING
AB We theoretically study the propagation of light through a cold atomic medium, where the effects of motion, laser intensity, atomic density, and polarization can all modify the properties of the scattered light. We present two different microscopic models: the "coherent dipole model" and the "random-walk model", both suitable for modeling recent experimental work done in large atomic arrays in the low-light-intensity regime. We use them to compute relevant observables such as the linewidth, peak intensity, and line center of the emitted light. We further develop generalized models that explicitly take into account atomic motion. Those are relevant for hotter atoms and beyond the low-intensity regime. We show that atomic motion can lead to drastic dephasing and to a reduction of collective effects, together with a distortion of the line shape. Our results are applicable to model a full gamut of quantum systems that rely on atom-light interactions, including atomic clocks, quantum simulators, and nanophotonic systems.
C1 [Zhu, Bihui] NIST, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Zhu, BH (reprint author), NIST, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011
FU NSF [PHY-1211914, PHY-1521080, PFC-PHY-1125844]; AFOSR
[FA9550-13-1-0086]; AFOSR MURI ADVANCED QUANTUM MATERIALS; ARO
[W911NF-12-1-0228]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0821794]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge useful discussions with the JILA Ye
group, A. Gorshkov, J. Javanainen, M. Havey, M. Holland, M. L. Wall, J.
D'Incao, M. Davis, and J. Schachenmayer. We would like to especially
thank R. Kaiser for helpful discussions and insightful comments. This
work was supported by the NSF (Grants No. PHY-1211914, No. PHY-1521080,
and No. PFC-PHY-1125844), AFOSR (Grant No. FA9550-13-1-0086), AFOSR MURI
ADVANCED QUANTUM MATERIALS, and ARO (Grant No. W911NF-12-1-0228).
Computations utilized the Janus supercomputer, supported by the National
Science Foundation (Award No. CNS-0821794) and the University of
Colorado Boulder.
NR 74
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 9
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 2
AR 023612
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.023612
PG 13
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DT2HK
UT WOS:000381301200012
ER
PT J
AU Tassel, C
Goto, Y
Watabe, D
Tang, Y
Lu, HC
Kuno, Y
Takeiri, F
Yamamoto, T
Brown, CM
Hester, J
Kobayashi, Y
Kageyama, H
AF Tassel, Cedric
Goto, Yoshinori
Watabe, Daichi
Tang, Ya
Lu, Honcheng
Kuno, Yoshinori
Takeiri, Fumitaka
Yamamoto, Takafumi
Brown, Craig M.
Hester, James
Kobayashi, Yoji
Kageyama, Hiroshi
TI High-Pressure Synthesis of Manganese Oxyhydride with Partial Anion Order
SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
LA English
DT Article
DE anion order; mixed-anion compounds; oxyhydrides; Ruddlesden-Popper
perovskites; solid-state structures
ID METAL OXIDE-HYDRIDE; EQUAL-TO 1; PEROVSKITE; OXYNITRIDES; TEMPERATURE;
LASRCOO3H0.7; REDUCTION
AB The high-pressure synthesis of a manganese oxyhydride LaSrMnO3.3H0.7 is reported. Neutron and X-ray Rietveld analyses showed that this compound adopts the K2NiF4 structure with hydride ions positioned exclusively at the equatorial site. This result makes a striking contrast to topochemical reductions of LaSrMnO4 that result in only oxygen-deficient phases down to LaSrMnO3.5. This suggests that high H-2 pressure plays a key role in stabilizing the oxyhydride phase, offering an opportunity to synthesize other transition-metal oxyhydrides. Magnetic susceptibility revealed a spin-glass transition at 24 K that is due to competing ferromagnetic (Mn2+-Mn3+) and antiferromagnetic (Mn2+-Mn-2, Mn3+-Mn3+) interactions.
C1 [Tassel, Cedric; Goto, Yoshinori; Watabe, Daichi; Lu, Honcheng; Kuno, Yoshinori; Takeiri, Fumitaka; Yamamoto, Takafumi; Kobayashi, Yoji; Kageyama, Hiroshi] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Kyoto 6158510, Japan.
[Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hester, James] ANSTO, Bragg Inst, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia.
RP Kageyama, H (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Kyoto 6158510, Japan.
EM kage@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp
RI Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009; Kageyama, Hiroshi/A-4602-2010
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355;
FU Hakubi Project; CREST
FX The authors thank Prof. O. Hernandez for discussions. This work was
supported by Hakubi Project, Grant-in-Aid for the Young Scientist B, and
CREST.
NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 20
U2 21
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1433-7851
EI 1521-3773
J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT
JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit.
PD AUG 8
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 33
BP 9666
EP 9669
DI 10.1002/anie.201605123
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA DW0ZQ
UT WOS:000383372700037
PM 27355695
ER
PT J
AU Yao, J
Levine, J
AF Yao, Jian
Levine, Judah
TI A Study of GPS Carrier-Phase Time Transfer Noise Based on NIST GPS
Receivers
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE boundary discontinuity; carrier phase time transfer; GPS; long-term
noise; precise point positioning (PPP); revised RINEX-shift; short-term
noise; transient response
ID FREQUENCY TRANSFER; LINK
AB To do a better time comparison between high-precision clocks (such as a Cesium-fountain clock and Hydrogen-maser clock), we want to study and eventually lower the GPS carrier-phase time transfer noise. The GPS carrier-phase time transfer noise comes from four sources: GPS satellite, GPS signal path, ground receiving equipment (receiver and antenna), and data-processing algorithm. This paper focuses on the noise introduced by the ground receiving equipment. At NIST, we have installed seven GPS receivers. All receivers have the same reference time, i.e., UTC(NIST). Three of them are connected to the same antenna. The other four are connected to four different antennas. This architecture enables us to study the time-transfer noise from the ground receiving equipment. We study both long-term (> 100 days) noise and short-term (< 1 day) noise. For the long-term noise, the time-transfer result using one receiver can vary from that using another receiver by up to 1.8 ns, during 1.3 years. To achieve sub-nanosecond GPS timing accuracy, a careful monitoring of the time delays or a more frequent calibration is needed. For the short-term noise, we find that the common-clock difference between receivers using the same antenna is less noisy than that using two different antennas, at an averaging time of less than 0.5 hour. This indicates that the antenna and antenna cable contribute to the super-short-term noise of GPS carrier-phase time transfer significantly. In addition, the response to the GPS receiver's reference-time change is tested in this paper. The variation in the response can be up to +/- 350 ps. Last, this paper gives the best carrier-phase time transfer result we can currently achieve with the available equipment at NIST. The best frequency stability is 4.0x10(-16) at 3 hours, 1.1x10(-16) at 1 day, 4.0x10(-17) at 10 days, and 1.3x10(-17) at 48 days.
C1 [Yao, Jian; Levine, Judah] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Levine, Judah] NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Network Synchronizat Project, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Yao, J (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jian.yao@nist.gov; judah.levine@nist.gov
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD AUG 8
PY 2016
VL 121
BP 372
EP 388
DI 10.6028/jres.121.017
PG 17
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DW1MQ
UT WOS:000383407700001
ER
PT J
AU Schibig, MF
Mahieu, E
Henne, S
Lejeune, B
Leuenberger, MC
AF Schibig, Michael F.
Mahieu, Emmanuel
Henne, Stephan
Lejeune, Bernard
Leuenberger, Markus C.
TI Intercomparison of in situ NDIR and column FTIR measurements of CO2 at
Jungfraujoch
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; XCO2 RETRIEVALS;
SWITZERLAND; VALIDATION; SCIAMACHY; SPECTRA; NETWORK; MODEL; CH4
AB We compare two CO2 time series measured at the High Alpine Research Station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland (3580 m a.s.l.),in the period from 2005 to 2013 with an in situ surface measurement system using a nondispersive infrared analyzer (NDIR) and a ground-based remote sensing system using solar absorption Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. Although the two data sets show an absolute shift of about 13 ppm, the slopes of the annual CO2 increase are in good agreement within their uncertainties. They are 2.04 +/- 0.07 and 1.97 +/- 0.05 ppm yr(-1) for the FTIR and the NDIR systems, respectively. The seasonality of the FTIR and the NDIR systems is 4.46 +/- 1.11 and 10.10 +/- 0.73 ppm, respectively. The difference is caused by a dampening of the CO2 signal with increasing altitude due to mixing processes. Whereas the minima of both data series occur in the middle of August, the maxima of the two data sets differ by about 10 weeks; the maximum of the FTIR measurements is in the middle of January, and the maximum of the NDIR measurements is found at the end of March. Sensitivity analyses revealed that the air masses measured by the NDIR system at the surface of Jungfraujoch are mainly influenced by central Europe, whereas the air masses measured by the FTIR system in the column above Jungfraujoch are influenced by regions as far west as the Caribbean and the USA. The correlation between the hourly averaged CO2 values of the NDIR system and the individual FTIR CO2 measurements is 0.820, which is very encouraging given the largely different sampling volumes. Further correlation analyses showed, that the correlation is mainly driven by the an-nual CO2 increase and to a lesser degree by the seasonality. Both systems are suitable to monitor the long-term CO2 increase, because this signal is represented in the whole atmosphere due to mixing.
C1 [Schibig, Michael F.; Leuenberger, Markus C.] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Climate & Environm Phys, Bern, Switzerland.
[Schibig, Michael F.; Leuenberger, Markus C.] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Bern, Switzerland.
[Mahieu, Emmanuel; Lejeune, Bernard] Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, Liege, Belgium.
[Henne, Stephan] Empa, Swiss Fed Labs Mat Testing & Res, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Schibig, Michael F.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Leuenberger, MC (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Climate & Environm Phys, Bern, Switzerland.; Leuenberger, MC (reprint author), Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Bern, Switzerland.
EM leuenberger@climate.unibe.ch
RI Henne, Stephan/A-3467-2009
FU Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [200020_134641]; Federal Office
of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss in the framework of Swiss
GCOS; Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) in Brussels; Fonds de la
Recherche Scientifique - FNRS in Brussels; EC FP7 project NORS [284421];
MeteoSwiss (GAW-CH); Federation Wallonie Bruxelles
FX This work was financially supported by the Swiss National Science
Foundation (SNF-Project 200020_134641) and the Federal Office of
Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss in the framework of Swiss GCOS.
We like to thank the International Foundation High Altitude Research
Stations Jungfraujoch and Gornergrat (HFSJG), especially the custodians
Martin Fischer, Felix Seiler and Urs Otz for changing the calibration
gases cylinders of the NDIR system and other maintenance work.
Additionally the authors like to thank Hanspeter Moret and Peter Nyfeler
for his precious work and help in maintaining and repairing the systems
in the Laboratory in Bern and also at Jungfraujoch. The Belgian
contribution to the present work was mainly supported by the Belgian
Science Policy Office (BELSPO) and the Fonds de la Recherche
Scientifique - FNRS, both in Brussels. FLEXPART simulations were carried
out in the framework of EC FP7 project NORS (grant agreement no.
284421). Additional support was provided by MeteoSwiss (GAW-CH) and the
Federation Wallonie Bruxelles. We are grateful to the many colleagues
and collaborators, who have contributed to FTIR data acquisition.
NR 65
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 10
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 8
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 15
BP 9935
EP 9949
DI 10.5194/acp-16-9935-2016
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV7RB
UT WOS:000383133400003
ER
PT J
AU Di Sante, D
Barone, P
Stroppa, A
Garrity, KF
Vanderbilt, D
Picozzi, S
AF Di Sante, Domenico
Barone, Paolo
Stroppa, Alessandro
Garrity, Kevin F.
Vanderbilt, David
Picozzi, Silvia
TI Intertwined Rashba, Dirac, and Weyl Fermions in Hexagonal
Hyperferroelectrics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INSULATORS; TRANSITION; EMERGENCE; BITEI; PHASE
AB By means of density functional theory based calculations, we study the role of spin-orbit coupling in the new family of ABC hyperferroelectrics [Garrity, Rabe, and Vanderbilt Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 127601 (2014)]. We unveil an extremely rich physics strongly linked to ferroelectric properties, ranging from the electric control of bulk Rashba effect to the existence of a three-dimensional topological insulator phase, with concomitant topological surface states even in the ultrathin film limit. Moreover, we predict that the topological transition, as induced by alloying, is followed by a Weyl semimetal phase of finite concentration extension, which is robust against disorder, putting forward hyperferroelectrics as promising candidates for spin-orbitronic applications.
C1 [Di Sante, Domenico] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, Hubland Campus Sud, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
[Di Sante, Domenico; Barone, Paolo; Stroppa, Alessandro; Picozzi, Silvia] CNR, SPIN, Via Vetoio, I-67100 Laquila, Italy.
[Garrity, Kevin F.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Vanderbilt, David] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Barone, Paolo] Ist Italiano Tecnol, Graphene Labs, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genoa, Italy.
RP Di Sante, D (reprint author), Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, Hubland Campus Sud, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.; Di Sante, D (reprint author), CNR, SPIN, Via Vetoio, I-67100 Laquila, Italy.
EM domenico.disante@physik.uni-wuerzburg.de
RI Barone, Paolo/C-8918-2011; Stroppa, Alessandro/E-7702-2010; Picozzi,
Silvia/E-2374-2011
OI Barone, Paolo/0000-0001-7222-8627; Stroppa,
Alessandro/0000-0003-1000-4745; Picozzi, Silvia/0000-0002-3232-788X
FU CARIPLO Foundation through the MAGISTER [Rif. 2013-0726]; ONR
[N00014-12-1-1035]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [1170]
FX We acknowledge CINECA for providing us computational resources and Henry
cluster from North Carolina State University. D. D. S. and A. S.
acknowledge the CARIPLO Foundation through the MAGISTER Project No. Rif.
2013-0726. D. V. acknowledges ONR Grant No. N00014-12-1-1035. The
authors acknowledge A. Narayan for useful correspondence. D. D. S.
acknowledges financial support from the German Research Foundation
(DFG-SFB Project No. 1170).
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 24
U2 35
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 8
PY 2016
VL 117
IS 7
AR 076401
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.076401
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DT4US
UT WOS:000381477200009
PM 27563977
ER
PT J
AU Silva, RA
West, JJ
Lamarque, JF
Shindell, DT
Collins, WJ
Dalsoren, S
Faluvegi, G
Folberth, G
Horowitz, LW
Nagashima, T
Naik, V
Rumbold, ST
Sudo, K
Takemura, T
Bergmann, D
Cameron-Smith, P
Cionni, I
Doherty, RM
Eyring, V
Josse, B
MacKenzie, IA
Plummer, D
Righi, M
Stevenson, DS
Strode, S
Szopa, S
Zengast, G
AF Silva, Raquel A.
West, J. Jason
Lamarque, Jean-Francois
Shindell, Drew T.
Collins, William J.
Dalsoren, Stig
Faluvegi, Greg
Folberth, Gerd
Horowitz, Larry W.
Nagashima, Tatsuya
Naik, Vaishali
Rumbold, Steven T.
Sudo, Kengo
Takemura, Toshihiko
Bergmann, Daniel
Cameron-Smith, Philip
Cionni, Irene
Doherty, Ruth M.
Eyring, Veronika
Josse, Beatrice
MacKenzie, Ian A.
Plummer, David
Righi, Mattia
Stevenson, David S.
Strode, Sarah
Szopa, Sophie
Zengast, Guang
TI The effect of future ambient air pollution on human premature mortality
to 2100 using output from the ACCMIP model ensemble
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT ACCMIP; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; GREENHOUSE-GAS
EMISSIONS; OZONE-RELATED MORTALITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HEALTH IMPACTS;
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; GLOBAL BURDEN; CHANGING
CLIMATE
AB Ambient air pollution from ground-level ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with premature mortality. Future concentrations of these air pollutants will be driven by natural and anthropogenic emissions and by climate change. Using anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions projected in the four Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios (RCPs), the ACCMIP ensemble of chemistry-climate models simulated future concentrations of ozone and PM2.5 at selected decades between 2000 and 2100. We use output from the ACCMIP ensemble, together with projections of future population and baseline mortality rates, to quantify the human premature mortality impacts of future ambient air pollution. Future air-pollution-related premature mortality in 2030, 2050 and 2100 is estimated for each scenario and for each model using a health impact function based on changes in concentrations of ozone and PM2.5 relative to 2000 and projected future population and baseline mortality rates. Additionally, the global mortality burden of ozone and PM2.5 in 2000 and each future period is estimated relative to 1850 concentrations, using present-day and future population and baseline mortality rates. The change in future ozone concentrations relative to 2000 is associated with excess global premature mortality in some scenarios/periods, particularly in RCP8.5 in 2100 (316 thousand deaths year(-1)), likely driven by the large increase in methane emissions and by the net effect of climate change projected in this scenario, but it leads to considerable avoided premature mortality for the three other RCPs. However, the global mortality burden of ozone markedly increases from 382 000 (121 000 to 728 000) deaths year(-1) in 2000 to between 1.09 and 2.36 million deaths year(-1) in 2100, across RCPs, mostly due to the effect of increases in population and baseline mortality rates. PM2.5 concentrations decrease relative to 2000 in all scenarios, due to projected reductions in emissions, and are associated with avoided premature mortality, particularly in 2100: between -2.39 and -1.31 million deaths year(-1) for the four RCPs. The global mortality burden of PM2.5 is estimated to decrease from 1.70 (1.30 to 2.10) million deaths year 1 in 2000 to between 0.95 and 1.55 million deaths year 1 in 2100 for the four RCPs due to the combined effect of decreases in PM2.5 concentrations and changes in population and baseline mortality rates. Trends in future air-pollution-related mortality vary regionally across scenarios, reflecting assumptions for economic growth and air pollution control specific to each RCP and region. Mortality estimates differ among chemistry-climate models due to differences in simulated pollutant concentrations, which is the greatest contributor to overall mortality uncertainty for most cases assessed here, supporting the use of model ensembles to characterize uncertainty. Increases in exposed population and baseline mortality rates of respiratory diseases magnify the impact on premature mortality of changes in future air pollutant concentrations and explain why the future global mortality burden of air pollution can exceed the current burden, even where air pollutant concentrations decrease.
C1 [Silva, Raquel A.; West, J. Jason] Univ N Carolina, Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Lamarque, Jean-Francois] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, NCAR Earth Syst Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Shindell, Drew T.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Collins, William J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England.
[Dalsoren, Stig] CICERO, Oslo, Norway.
[Faluvegi, Greg] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Faluvegi, Greg] Columbia Earth Inst, New York, NY USA.
[Folberth, Gerd; Rumbold, Steven T.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Horowitz, Larry W.; Naik, Vaishali] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Nagashima, Tatsuya] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Sudo, Kengo] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Earth & Environm Sci, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
[Takemura, Toshihiko] Kyushu Univ, Res Inst Appl Mech, Fukuoka, Japan.
[Bergmann, Daniel; Cameron-Smith, Philip] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
[Cionni, Irene] Agenzia Nazl Nuove Tecnol Energia & Sviluppo Econ, Bologna, Italy.
[Doherty, Ruth M.; MacKenzie, Ian A.; Stevenson, David S.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Eyring, Veronika; Righi, Mattia] Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Phys Atmosphare, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
[Josse, Beatrice] CNRS Ctr Natl Rech Meteorol, GAME CNRM, Meteo France, Toulouse, France.
[Plummer, David] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modeling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Strode, Sarah] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Strode, Sarah] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA.
[Szopa, Sophie] LSCE CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Zengast, Guang] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Lauder, New Zealand.
[Rumbold, Steven T.] Univ Reading, NCAS, Reading, Berks, England.
[Zengast, Guang] NIWA, Wellington, New Zealand.
RP West, JJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM jjwest@email.unc.edu
RI Righi, Mattia/I-5120-2013; Collins, William/A-5895-2010; Takemura,
Toshihiko/C-2822-2009; Naik, Vaishali/A-4938-2013; West,
Jason/J-2322-2015; Strode, Sarah/H-2248-2012; Stevenson,
David/C-8089-2012; Cameron-Smith, Philip/E-2468-2011; Eyring,
Veronika/O-9999-2016; Szopa, Sophie/F-8984-2010; Kyushu,
RIAM/F-4018-2015
OI Collins, William/0000-0002-7419-0850; Takemura,
Toshihiko/0000-0002-2859-6067; Naik, Vaishali/0000-0002-2254-1700; West,
Jason/0000-0001-5652-4987; Strode, Sarah/0000-0002-8103-1663; Stevenson,
David/0000-0002-4745-5673; Cameron-Smith, Philip/0000-0002-8802-8627;
Eyring, Veronika/0000-0002-6887-4885; Szopa, Sophie/0000-0002-8641-1737;
FU Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology; Graduate School (UNC -
Chapel Hill); NIEHS [1 R21 ES022600-01]; US Dept. of Energy (BER) under
LLNL [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; NERSC [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; UK Natural
Environment Research Council [NE/I008063/1]
FX The research here described was funded by a fellowship from the
Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, by a Dissertation
Completion Fellowship from The Graduate School (UNC - Chapel Hill) and
by NIEHS grant no. 1 R21 ES022600-01. We thank Karin Yeatts (Department
of Epidemiology, UNC - Chapel Hill) for her help in researching
projections of future population and baseline mortality rates, Colin
Mathers (WHO) for advising us on the IFs, Peter Speyer (IHME, University
of Washington) for providing us access to GBD2010 cause-specific
mortality data at the country-level, and Amanda Henley (Davis Library
Research & Instructional Services, UNC - Chapel Hill) for facilitating
our access to LandScan 2011 Global Population Dataset. The work of
Daniel Bergmann and Philip Cameron-Smith was funded by the US Dept. of
Energy (BER), performed under the auspices of LLNL under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344 and used the supercomputing resources of NERSC under
contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Ruth Doherty, Ian MacKenzie and David
Stevenson acknowledge ARCHER supercomputing resources and funding under
the UK Natural Environment Research Council grant NE/I008063/1. Guang
Zeng acknowledges the NZ eScience Infrastructure, which is funded
jointly by NeSI's collaborator institutions and through the MBIE's
Research Infrastructure programme.
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 14
U2 14
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 5
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 15
BP 9847
EP 9862
DI 10.5194/acp-16-9847-2016
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV7EY
UT WOS:000383100300001
ER
PT J
AU Komar, P
Topcu, T
Kessler, EM
Derevianko, A
Vuletic, V
Ye, J
Lukin, MD
AF Komar, P.
Topcu, T.
Kessler, E. M.
Derevianko, A.
Vuletic, V.
Ye, J.
Lukin, M. D.
TI Quantum Network of Atom Clocks: A Possible Implementation with Neutral
Atoms
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LINEAR OPTICS; ENSEMBLES; ENTANGLEMENT
AB We propose a protocol for creating a fully entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger-type state of neutral atoms in spatially separated optical atomic clocks. In our scheme, local operations make use of the strong dipole-dipole interaction between Rydberg excitations, which give rise to fast and reliable quantum operations involving all atoms in the ensemble. The necessary entanglement between distant ensembles is mediated by single-photon quantum channels and collectively enhanced light-matter couplings. These techniques can be used to create the recently proposed quantum clock network based on neutral atom optical clocks. We specifically analyze a possible realization of this scheme using neutral Yb ensembles.
C1 [Komar, P.; Topcu, T.; Kessler, E. M.; Derevianko, A.; Lukin, M. D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Topcu, T.; Derevianko, A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Topcu, T.; Kessler, E. M.; Derevianko, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Topcu, T.; Kessler, E. M.; Derevianko, A.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Vuletic, V.] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Ye, J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Komar, P (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011
FU NSF; CUA; NIST; NASA; Simons Foundation; AFOSR MURI; ARL; NSSEFF
FX We are grateful to Kyle Beloy, Shimon Kolkowitz, Ronen Kroeze, Travis
Nicholson, Thibault Peyronel, Alp Sipahigil, Jeff Thompson, and Leo Zhou
for enlightening discussions. This work was supported by NSF, CUA, NIST,
NASA, Simons Foundation, AFOSR MURI, ARL, and NSSEFF.
NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 12
U2 12
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 5
PY 2016
VL 117
IS 6
AR 060506
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.060506
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DT4IG
UT WOS:000381442800001
PM 27541452
ER
PT J
AU Quackenbush, NF
Paik, H
Wahila, MJ
Sallis, S
Holtz, ME
Huang, X
Ganose, A
Morgan, BJ
Scanlon, DO
Gu, Y
Xue, F
Chen, LQ
Sterbinsky, GE
Schlueter, C
Lee, TL
Woicik, JC
Guo, JH
Brock, JD
Muller, DA
Arena, DA
Schlom, DG
Piper, LFJ
AF Quackenbush, N. F.
Paik, H.
Wahila, M. J.
Sallis, S.
Holtz, M. E.
Huang, X.
Ganose, A.
Morgan, B. J.
Scanlon, D. O.
Gu, Y.
Xue, F.
Chen, L. -Q.
Sterbinsky, G. E.
Schlueter, C.
Lee, T. -L.
Woicik, J. C.
Guo, J. -H.
Brock, J. D.
Muller, D. A.
Arena, D. A.
Schlom, D. G.
Piper, L. F. J.
TI Stability of the M2 phase of vanadium dioxide induced by coherent
epitaxial strain
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-INSULATOR TRANSITIONS; VO2 THIN-FILMS; INITIO MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS;
TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATIONS; MOTT-HUBBARD SYSTEMS; WAVE BASIS-SET;
SPECTRAL-FUNCTION; DOPED VO2; TEMPERATURE; SPECTROSCOPY
AB Tensile strain along the c(R) axis in epitaxial VO2 films raises the temperature of the metal insulator transition and is expected to stabilize the intermediate monoclinic M2 phase. We employ surface-sensitive x-ray spectroscopy to distinguish from the TiO2 substrate and identify the phases of VO2 as a function of temperature in epitaxial VO2/TiO2 thin films with well-defined biaxial strain. Although qualitatively similar to our Landau-Ginzburg theory predicted phase diagrams, the M2 phase is stabilized by nearly an order of magnitude more strain than expected for the measured temperature window. Our results reveal that the elongation of the cR axis is insufficient for describing the transition pathway of VO2 epitaxial films and that a strain induced increase of electron correlation effects must be considered.
C1 [Quackenbush, N. F.; Wahila, M. J.; Piper, L. F. J.] Binghamton Univ, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Paik, H.; Schlom, D. G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Sallis, S.; Piper, L. F. J.] Binghamton Univ, Mat Sci & Engn, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Holtz, M. E.; Muller, D. A.] Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Holtz, M. E.; Muller, D. A.; Schlom, D. G.] Kavli Inst Cornell Nanoscale Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Huang, X.; Brock, J. D.] Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Ganose, A.; Scanlon, D. O.] UCL, Dept Chem, Kathleen Lonsdale Mat Chem, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, England.
[Ganose, A.; Scanlon, D. O.; Schlueter, C.; Lee, T. -L.] Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Sci & Innovat Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England.
[Morgan, B. J.] Univ Bath, Dept Chem, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England.
[Gu, Y.; Xue, F.; Chen, L. -Q.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16803 USA.
[Sterbinsky, G. E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Woicik, J. C.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Guo, J. -H.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Brock, J. D.] Cornell Univ, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Arena, D. A.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Piper, L. F. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Sterbinsky, GE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM lpiper@binghamton.edu
RI Gu, Yijia/A-6418-2013; Morgan, Benjamin/B-2154-2008; Scanlon,
David/B-1516-2008;
OI Gu, Yijia/0000-0001-8036-6309; Morgan, Benjamin/0000-0002-3056-8233;
Scanlon, David/0000-0001-9174-8601; Piper, Louis/0000-0002-3421-3210
FU National Science Foundation [DMR 1409912]; Center for Low Energy Systems
Technology (LEAST), one of the six SRC STARnet Centers - MARCO; Center
for Low Energy Systems Technology (LEAST), one of the six SRC STARnet
Centers - DARPA; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National
Science Foundation; National Institutes of Health/National Institute of
General Medical Sciences under NSF award [DMR-1332208]; Department of
Energy BES [DE-SC0002334]; National Science Foundation (NSF) Materials
Research Science and Engineering Centers program [DMR 1120296, NSF
IMR-0417392]; EPSRC [EP/L000202]; EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in
Molecular Modeling and Materials Science [EP/L015862/1]; Royal Society
[UF130329]; Penn State MRSEC, Center for Nanoscale Science, under the
award NSF [DMR-1420620]
FX We thank J. A. Moyer and P. Schiffer for assistance with the transport
measurements. We thank W.-C. Lee and S. Mukherjee for fruitful
discussions. L.F.J.P. and N.F.Q. acknowledge support from the National
Science Foundation under DMR 1409912. The work of H.P. and D.G.S. was
supported in part by the Center for Low Energy Systems Technology
(LEAST), one of the six SRC STARnet Centers, sponsored by MARCO and
DARPA. The HAXPES and XAS measurements presented in the main text were
performed at beamlines X24A and U4B, respectively, at the National
Synchrotron Light Source. Additional HAXPES and XAS measurements were
performed at beamlines 6.3.1.2 ISAAC of the Advanced Light Source (ALS)
and I09 at Diamond Light source. The NSLS is supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. The work at ALS is
supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department
of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank Diamond Light
Source for access to beamline I09 (SI12546) that contributed to the
results presented here. Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS)
is supported by the National Science Foundation and the National
Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences
under NSF award DMR-1332208. M.E.H. is funded by Department of Energy
BES DE-SC0002334. This work made use of the electron microscopy facility
of the Cornell Center for Materials Research with support from the
National Science Foundation (NSF) Materials Research Science and
Engineering Centers program (DMR 1120296) and NSF IMR-0417392. This work
made use of the ARCHER UK National Supercomputing Service
(http://www.archer.ac.uk), via the membership of the UKs HPC Materials
Chemistry Consortium, which is funded by EPSRC (EP/L000202). A.M.G.
acknowledges Diamond Light Source for the co-sponsorship of a
studentship on the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Molecular
Modeling and Materials Science (EP/L015862/1). B.J.M. acknowledges
support from the Royal Society (UF130329). Y.G., F.X., and L.Q.C.
acknowledge support from the Penn State MRSEC, Center for Nanoscale
Science, under the award NSF DMR-1420620.
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 39
U2 50
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 5
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 8
AR 085105
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.085105
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DT3RF
UT WOS:000381397800003
ER
PT J
AU Nuske, M
Mathey, L
Tiesinga, E
AF Nuske, Marlon
Mathey, L.
Tiesinga, Eite
TI Sudden-quench dynamics of Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer states in deep
optical lattices
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID HONEYCOMB LATTICE; DIRAC POINTS; FERMI GAS; BCS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY;
TRANSITION; CROSSOVER; PHASE
AB We determine the exact dynamics of an initial Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) state of ultracold atoms in a deep hexagonal optical lattice. The dynamical evolution is triggered by a quench of the lattice potential such that the interaction strength U-f is much larger than the hopping amplitude J(f). The quench initiates collective oscillations with frequency vertical bar U-f vertical bar/2 pi in the momentum occupation numbers and imprints an oscillating phase with the same frequency on the BCS order parameter Delta. The oscillation frequency of Delta is not reproduced by treating the time evolution in mean-field theory. In our theory, the momentum noise (i.e., density-density) correlation functions oscillate at frequency vertical bar U-f vertical bar/2 pi as well as at its second harmonic. For a very deep lattice, with zero tunneling energy, the oscillations of momentum occupation numbers are undamped. Nonzero tunneling after the quench leads to dephasing of the different momentum modes and a subsequent damping of the oscillations. The damping occurs even for a finite-temperature initial BCS state, but not for a noninteracting Fermi gas. Furthermore, damping is stronger for larger order parameter and may therefore be used as a signature of the BCS state. Finally, our theory shows that the noise correlation functions in a honeycomb lattice will develop strong anticorrelations near the Dirac point.
C1 [Nuske, Marlon; Mathey, L.] Univ Hamburg, Zentrum Opt Quantentechnologien, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
[Nuske, Marlon; Mathey, L.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Laserphys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
[Nuske, Marlon] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mathey, L.] Hamburg Ctr Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
[Tiesinga, Eite] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tiesinga, Eite] NIST, Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tiesinga, Eite] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Nuske, M (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Zentrum Opt Quantentechnologien, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.; Nuske, M (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Laserphys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.; Nuske, M (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Mathey, Ludwig/A-9644-2009
NR 53
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 5
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 2
AR 023607
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.023607
PG 12
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DS7FJ
UT WOS:000380948100005
ER
PT J
AU Topcuoglu, BD
Stewart, LC
Morrison, HG
Butterfield, DA
Huber, JA
Holden, JF
AF Topcuoglu, Begum D.
Stewart, Lucy C.
Morrison, Hilary G.
Butterfield, David A.
Huber, Julie A.
Holden, James F.
TI Hydrogen Limitation and Syntrophic Growth among Natural Assemblages of
Thermophilic Methanogens at Deep-sea Hydrothermal Vents
SO Frontiers in Microbiology
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOCOCCUS-ONNURINEUS NA1; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; EAST-PACIFIC
RISE; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; SP-NOV.; AXIAL SEAMOUNT; GEN. NOV.;
METHANOCOCCUS-JANNASCHII; SUBSEAFLOOR HABITAT; NITROGEN-FIXATION
AB Thermophilic methanogens are common autotrophs at hydrothermal vents, but their growth constraints and dependence on H-2 syntrophy in situ are poorly understood. Between 2012 and 2015, methanogens and H2-producing heterotrophs were detected by growth at 80 degrees C and 55 degrees C at most diffuse (740 degrees C) hydrothermal vent sites at Axial Seamount. Microcosm incubations of diffuse hydrothermal fluids at 80 degrees C and 55 degrees C demonstrated that growth of thermophilic and hyperthermophilic methanogens is primarily limited by H-2 availability. Amendment of microcosms with NH4+ generally had no effect on CH4 production. However, annual variations in abundance and CH4 production were observed in relation to the eruption cycle of the seamount. Microcosm incubations of hydrothermal fluids at 80 degrees C and 55 degrees C supplemented with tryptone and no added H-2 showed CH4 production indicating the capacity in situ for methanogenic H-2 syntrophy. 16S rRNA genes were found in 80 degrees C microcosms from H-2-producing archaea and H-2-consuming methanogens, but not for any bacteria. In 55 degrees C microcosms, sequences were found from H-2-producing bacteria and H-2-consuming methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria. A co-culture of representative organisms showed that Thermococcus paralvinellae supported the syntrophic growth of Methanocaldococcus bathoardescens at 82 degrees C and Methanothermococcus sp. strain BW11 at 60 degrees C. The results demonstrate that modeling of subseafloor methanogenesis should focus primarily on H-2 availability and temperature, and that thermophilic H-2 syntrophy can support methanogenesis within natural microbial assemblages and may be an important energy source for thermophilic autotrophs in marine geothermal environments.
C1 [Topcuoglu, Begum D.; Stewart, Lucy C.; Holden, James F.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Morrison, Hilary G.; Huber, Julie A.] Josephine Bay Paul Ctr, Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA USA.
[Butterfield, David A.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Butterfield, David A.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Stewart, Lucy C.] GNS Sci, Wellington 5010, New Zealand.
RP Holden, JF (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Microbiol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM jholden@microbio.umass.edu
OI Stewart, Lucy/0000-0001-7352-3329; Huber, Julie/0000-0002-4790-7633
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF 3297]; NASA Earth and Space
Science Fellowship Program grant [NNX11AP78H]; National Science
Foundation [OCE-1547004]; NOAA/PMEL [4493]; JISAO under NOAA
[NA15OAR4320063, 2706]; Schmidt Ocean Institute [FK010-2013]
FX This work was funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant GBMF
3297, the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program grant
NNX11AP78H, the National Science Foundation grant OCE-1547004, with
funding from NOAA/PMEL, contribution #4493, and JISAO under NOAA
Cooperative Agreement NA15OAR4320063, contribution #2706. Some of the
data collected in this study are based upon work funded by the Schmidt
Ocean Institute during cruise FK010-2013 aboard R/V Falkor.
NR 74
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 19
U2 31
PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015,
SWITZERLAND
SN 1664-302X
J9 FRONT MICROBIOL
JI Front. Microbiol.
PD AUG 5
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 1240
DI 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01240
PG 12
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA DS5AE
UT WOS:000380792000001
PM 27547206
ER
PT J
AU Chremos, A
Theodorakis, PE
AF Chremos, Alexandros
Theodorakis, Panagiotis E.
TI Impact of intrinsic backbone chain stiffness on the morphologies of
bottle-brush diblock copolymers
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE Instrinsic backbone stiffness; Self-assembly; Bottle-brush copolymers;
Molecular dynamics simulations; Bead-spring model
ID CONSISTENT-FIELD THEORY; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; PHOTONIC
CRYSTALS; SIMULATIONS; FABRICATION; BLENDS; MELTS
AB Self-assembly methods are used for the production of photonic and nanoporous materials derived from block copolymers. In this context, bottle-brush copolymers have demonstrated a number of advantages over the respective linear copolymers, such as faster self-assembly kinetics and a richer morphology behavior. However, the effect of intrinsic molecular stiffness on the morphology of bottle-brush copolymers has been previously overlooked. Here, we investigate the role of the intrinsic backbone chain stiffness on the morphology behavior of bottle-brush diblock copolymers by using molecular dynamics simulations of a bead-spring coarse-grained model. We focus on bottle-brush macromolecules having blocks of the same volume fraction and asymmetric-in-length side chains. We find that an increase of the backbone stiffness triggers an ordereorder transition from hexagonal packed cylinders to lamellar morphologies with asymmetric domain spacings, which is of particular interest for the manufacturing of nanopatterning and semiconductor applications. The change in the morphology is due to the effective many-body attractions between the blocks resulting in a parallel stacking that disrupts the symmetry of the cylindrical morphology. We anticipate that our work will underline the significance of intrinsic molecular stiffness in the self-assembly of polymer systems, which has been previously neglected. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chremos, Alexandros] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Theodorakis, Panagiotis E.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Al Lotnikow 32-46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland.
RP Chremos, A (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Theodorakis, PE (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Al Lotnikow 32-46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland.
EM alexandros.chremos@nist.gov; panos@ifpan.edu.pl
RI Chremos, Alexandros/B-8856-2009; Theodorakis, Panagiotis/B-4019-2011
OI Chremos, Alexandros/0000-0002-1254-3972; Theodorakis,
Panagiotis/0000-0002-0433-9461
FU NIST Director's Office through the NIST Fellows' postdoctoral grants
program; ERA-NET grant ERA-IB - National Centre for Research in Poland
[EIB.12.022]
FX Dr. A. Chremos gratefully acknowledges the support of the NIST
Director's Office through the NIST Fellows' postdoctoral grants program.
Official contribution of the U.S. National Institute of Standards and
Technology - not subject to copyright in the United States. This
research has been supported by the ERA-NET grant ERA-IB (EIB.12.022)
(Fiber Fuel) funded by the National Centre for Research in Poland.
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
EI 1873-2291
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD AUG 5
PY 2016
VL 97
BP 191
EP 195
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.05.034
PG 5
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DR1PC
UT WOS:000379676400021
ER
PT J
AU Isarov, SA
Lee, PW
Towslee, JH
Hoffman, KM
Davis, RD
Maia, JM
Pokorski, JK
AF Isarov, Sergey A.
Lee, Parker W.
Towslee, Jenna H.
Hoffman, Kathleen M.
Davis, Rick D.
Maia, Joao M.
Pokorski, Jonathan K.
TI DNA as a flame retardant additive for low-density polyethylene
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE Flame retardant; DNA; LDPE
ID VINYL ACETATE COPOLYMERS; AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE; THERMAL-DEGRADATION;
EXTRACTION; COTTON; DAMAGE; ACID
AB Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was investigated as a flame retardant (FR) additive for melt-compounded formulations with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and compared to LDPE compounded with melamine polyphosphate (MPP), one of the industry standard intumescent FR additives for plastics. DNA showed a much greater compatibility with the LDPE matrix than MPP. At high loading levels, DNA showed minimal increases in compounding torque, while MPP increased torque by over 20%. Qualitative evaluation using SEM and EDS showed that DNA/LDPE blends had significantly improved cross-sectional morphology, with fewer microaggregates and improved particle dispersion than MPP/LDPE. Horizontal burn testing showed that DNA markedly reduced flame burn distances in LDPE above loading levels of 5% w/w. Biochemical characterization of heat-treated DNA revealed that DNA undergoes denaturation, fragmentation, and oxidation during compounding, but these processes did not appear to have an effect on its FR properties. This study expands the field of DNA-based FR beyond specialty substrates, and establishes DNA as a viable green FR additive for commodity polymer applications. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Isarov, Sergey A.; Lee, Parker W.; Towslee, Jenna H.; Maia, Joao M.; Pokorski, Jonathan K.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Hoffman, Kathleen M.; Davis, Rick D.] NIST, Engn Lab, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Pokorski, JK (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Macromol Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
OI Isarov, Sergey/0000-0002-7464-9238
FU National Science Foundation CLiPS Center for Layered Polymeric Systems
[DMR 0423914]
FX The authors acknowledge the National Science Foundation CLiPS Center for
Layered Polymeric Systems (DMR 0423914) for supporting this work.
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 19
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
EI 1873-2291
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD AUG 5
PY 2016
VL 97
BP 504
EP 514
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.05.060
PG 11
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DR1PC
UT WOS:000379676400053
ER
PT J
AU DelRio, FW
White, RM
Krylyuk, S
Davydov, AV
Friedman, LH
Cook, RF
AF DelRio, Frank W.
White, Ryan M.
Krylyuk, Sergiy
Davydov, Albert V.
Friedman, Lawrence H.
Cook, Robert F.
TI Near-theoretical fracture strengths in native and oxidized silicon
nanowires
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE fracture strength; silicon nanowires; atomic force microscopy; rapid
thermal oxidation; reliability
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SELF-LIMITING OXIDATION; THETA-LIKE
SPECIMENS; SI NANOWIRES; BENDING STRENGTH; AMORPHOUS SILICA;
DEFORMATION; SURFACES
AB In this letter, fracture strengths sigma(f) of native and oxidized silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were determined via atomic force microscopy bending experiments and nonlinear finite element analysis. In the native SiNWs, sigma(f) in the Si was comparable to the theoretical strength of Si < 111 >, approximate to 22 GPa. In the oxidized SiNWs, sigma(f) in the SiO2 was comparable to the theoretical strength of SiO2, approximate to 6 to 12 GPa. The results indicate a change in the failure mechanism between native SiNWs, in which fracture originated via inter-atomic bond breaking or atomic-scale defects in the Si, and oxidized SiNWs, in which fracture initiated from surface roughness or nano-scale defects in the SiO2.
C1 [DelRio, Frank W.; White, Ryan M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Krylyuk, Sergiy; Davydov, Albert V.; Friedman, Lawrence H.; Cook, Robert F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP DelRio, FW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM frank.delrio@nist.gov
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 18
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0957-4484
EI 1361-6528
J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY
JI Nanotechnology
PD AUG 5
PY 2016
VL 27
IS 31
AR 31LT02
DI 10.1088/0957-4484/27/31/31LT02
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA DP9UL
UT WOS:000378842800002
PM 27325151
ER
PT J
AU Konold, PE
Yoon, E
Lee, J
Allen, SL
Chapagain, PP
Gerstman, BS
Regmi, CK
Piatkevich, KD
Verkhusha, VV
Joo, T
Jimenez, R
AF Konold, Patrick E.
Yoon, Eunjin
Lee, Junghwa
Allen, Samantha L.
Chapagain, Prem P.
Gerstman, Bernard S.
Regmi, Chola K.
Piatkevich, Kiryl D.
Verkhusha, Vladislav V.
Joo, Taiha
Jimenez, Ralph
TI Fluorescence from Multiple Chromophore Hydrogen-Bonding States in the
Far-Red Protein TagRFP675
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EXTENDED STOKES SHIFT; EMISSION; EVOLUTION; VARIANTS; DESIGN
AB Far-red fluorescent proteins are critical for in vivo imaging applications, but the relative importance of structure versus dynamics in generating large Stokes-shifted emission is unclear. The unusually red-shifted emission of TagRFP675, a derivative of mKate, has been attributed to the multiple hydrogen bonds with the chromophore N-acylimine carbonyl. We characterized TagRFP675 and point mutants designed to perturb these hydrogen bonds with spectrally resolved transient grating and time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) spectroscopies supported by molecular dynamics simulations. TRF results for TagRFP675 and the mKate/M41Qvariant show picosecond time scale red-shifts followed by nanosecond time blue-shifts. Global analysis of the TRF spectra reveals spectrally distinct emitting states that do not interconvert during the S-1 lifetime. These dynamics originate from photoexcitation of a mixed ground-state population of acylimine hydrogen bond conformers. Strategically tuning the chromophore environment in TagRFP675 might stabilize the most red-shifted conformation and result in a variant with a larger Stokes shift.
C1 [Konold, Patrick E.; Allen, Samantha L.; Jimenez, Ralph] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Konold, Patrick E.; Allen, Samantha L.; Jimenez, Ralph] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Konold, Patrick E.; Allen, Samantha L.; Jimenez, Ralph] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Yoon, Eunjin; Lee, Junghwa; Joo, Taiha] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH, Dept Chem, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Chapagain, Prem P.; Gerstman, Bernard S.; Regmi, Chola K.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Phys, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Regmi, Chola K.] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Piatkevich, Kiryl D.] MIT, Massachusetts Inst Technol, Media Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Verkhusha, Vladislav V.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Anat & Struct Biol, Bronx, NY 10461 USA.
RP Jimenez, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Jimenez, R (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Jimenez, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Joo, T (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH, Dept Chem, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
EM thjoo@postech.ac.kr; rjimenez@jila.colorado.edu
FU NSF Physics Frontier Center at JILA; National Institutes of Health
[GM105997, GM108579, SC3GM096903]; University of Colorado Molecular
Biophysics Training Grant [T32 GM065103]; Global Research Laboratory
Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea [2009-00439]
FX This work was supported by the NSF Physics Frontier Center at JILA and
the National Institutes of Health (GM105997 and GM108579 to V.V.V and
SC3GM096903 to P.P.C.). S.L.A. was supported by the University of
Colorado Molecular Biophysics Training Grant (T32 GM065103). T.J.
acknowledges the financial support by the Global Research Laboratory
Program (2009-00439) through the National Research Foundation of Korea.
R.J. is a staff member in the Quantum Physics Division of the National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Certain commercial
equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this paper in
order to specify the experimental procedure adequately. Such
identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by
the NIST, nor is it intended to imply that the materials or equipment
identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 12
U2 12
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD AUG 4
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 15
BP 3046
EP 3051
DI 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01172
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA DT1JB
UT WOS:000381236400029
PM 27447848
ER
PT J
AU Hoffman, CH
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Hoffman, Carl H.
Nesbitt, David J.
TI Quantum State Resolved 3D Velocity Map Imaging of Surface Scattered
Molecules: Incident Energy Effects in HCl plus Self-Assembled Monolayer
Collisions
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS-LIQUID INTERFACE; DIRECT INELASTIC-SCATTERING; ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON
IONIZATION; SUM-FREQUENCY GENERATION; CO2 SCATTERING;
TRAPPING-DESORPTION; ATOMIC OXYGEN; H EXCHANGE; DYNAMICS; DISTRIBUTIONS
AB Thermal and hyperthermal HCl (v = 0, J = 0) collision dynamics at the surface of methyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are probed by state-selective ionization followed by velocity-map imaging (VMI) to yield a full 2 pi steradian map of final 3D velocity distributions (v(x), v(y), v(z)) as a function of rovibrational (v, J) quantum state. "DC slicing" of the scattered HCl flux normal to the surface (v(z)) provides a powerful tool for eliminating incident beam contamination, as well as access to fully correlated, 3D flux weighted rovibrational quantum state + translational scattering dynamics in unprecedented detail. At low collision energies (E-inc approximate to 0.7(1) kcal/mol), the scattering dynamics are completely dominated by trapping-desorption (TD) events, for which both external (i.e., translational) and internal (i.e., rovibrational) degrees of freedom quantitatively track the SAM surface temperature (T-S). Hyperthermal scattering data at high collision energies (E-inc approximate to 17(1) kcal/mol) provide direct evidence for growth of an additional nonequilibrium, impulsive scattering (IS) channel, with a strong forward scattering propensity broadly distributed around the specular angle. The competition between linear and angular momentum transfer for such a rapidly rotating hydride species (B-HCl approximate to 10 cm(-1)) is investigated in the IS channel, which reveals strong retention of translational energy with only modest rotational excitation (kappa(trans) approximate to 48(7)%, K-rot approximate to 6(2)%) and in clear contrast with studies of more slowly tumbling species (B-CO2 approximate to 0.4 cm(-1)) such as CO2 (kappa(trans) approximate to 6(2)%, kappa(rot) approximate to 20(4)%). Most importantly; the combination of (i) full 2 pi steradian angular data with (ii) full quantum state resolution permits a model free deconstruction of the experimental velocity map images into TD and IS components, which provides striking, independent confirmation of the hyperthermal yet Boltzmann-like nature of both the (i) IS quantum state and the (ii) out-of-plane momentum distributions. In summary, this novel combination of VMI with quantum state resolved scattering techniques provides powerful synergistic opportunities for correlated investigation of quantum state resolved reactive and inelastic energy transfer dynamics at gas-liquid-like interfaces with chemically "tunable" surface moieties.
C1 [Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Nesbitt, DJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM djn@jila.colorado.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-12-1-0139]; National
Science Foundation [CHE1266416, PHYS1125844]
FX This work has been supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research (FA9550-12-1-0139), with additional funds for vacuum equipment
and lasers provided by the National Science Foundation (CHE1266416,
PHYS1125844).
NR 73
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD AUG 4
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 30
BP 16687
EP 16698
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b03973
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DT1IY
UT WOS:000381236100046
ER
PT J
AU Palosaari, MRJ
Kayhko, M
Kinnunen, KM
Laitinen, M
Julin, J
Malm, J
Sajavaara, T
Doriese, WB
Fowler, J
Reintsema, C
Swetz, D
Schmidt, D
Ullom, JN
Maasilta, IJ
AF Palosaari, M. R. J.
Kayhko, M.
Kinnunen, K. M.
Laitinen, M.
Julin, J.
Malm, J.
Sajavaara, T.
Doriese, W. B.
Fowler, J.
Reintsema, C.
Swetz, D.
Schmidt, D.
Ullom, J. N.
Maasilta, I. J.
TI Broadband Ultrahigh-Resolution Spectroscopy of Particle-Induced X Rays:
Extending the Limits of Nondestructive Analysis
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION-EDGE SENSORS; 3D ELEMENTS; INTENSITY RATIOS; CROSS-SECTIONS;
IONIZATION; MICROCALORIMETERS; SPECTROMETER; SENSITIVITY; PERFORMANCE;
SATELLITES
AB Nondestructive analysis (NDA) based on x-ray emission is widely used, for example, in the semiconductor and concrete industries. Here, we demonstrate significant quantitative and qualitative improvements in broadband x-ray NDA by combining particle-induced emission with detection based on superconducting microcalorimeter arrays. We show that the technique offers great promise in the elemental analysis of thin-film and bulk samples, especially in the difficult cases where tens of different elements with nearly overlapping emission lines have to be identified down to trace concentrations. We demonstrate the efficiency and resolving capabilities by spectroscopy of several complex multielement samples in the energy range 1-10 keV, some of which have a trace amount of impurities not detectable with standard silicon drift detectors. The ability to distinguish the chemical environment of an element is also demonstrated by measuring the intensity differences and chemical shifts of the characteristics x-ray peaks of titanium compounds. In particular, we report measurements of the K alpha/K beta intensity ratio of thin films of TiN and measurements of Ti K alpha satellite peak intensities in various Ti thin-film compounds. We also assess the detection limits of the technique, comment on detection limits possible in the future, and discuss possible applications.
C1 [Palosaari, M. R. J.; Kinnunen, K. M.; Malm, J.; Maasilta, I. J.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Nanosci Ctr, POB 35, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland.
[Kayhko, M.; Laitinen, M.; Julin, J.; Malm, J.; Sajavaara, T.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Accelerator Lab, POB 35, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland.
[Doriese, W. B.; Fowler, J.; Reintsema, C.; Swetz, D.; Schmidt, D.; Ullom, J. N.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Maasilta, IJ (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Nanosci Ctr, POB 35, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland.
EM maasilta@jyu.fi
RI Laitinen, Mikko/A-1754-2013;
OI Laitinen, Mikko/0000-0002-9031-8551; Julin, Jaakko/0000-0003-4376-891X
FU Academy of Finland [260880]; Academy of Finland Center of Excellence in
Nuclear and Accelerator Based Physics [251353]; NIST Innovations in
Measurement Science program; National Graduate School in Materials
Science; Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation TEKES
FX We thank S. Hornytzkyj for providing the pigment samples and M. Reis for
discussions. This work is supported by the Finnish Funding Agency for
Technology and Innovation TEKES, Academy of Finland Project No. 260880
and Academy of Finland Center of Excellence in Nuclear and Accelerator
Based Physics (Ref. 251353), and by the NIST Innovations in Measurement
Science program. M. R. J. P. thanks the National Graduate School in
Materials Science for funding.
NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2331-7019
J9 PHYS REV APPL
JI Phys. Rev. Appl.
PD AUG 4
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 2
AR 024002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.6.024002
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DT4XH
UT WOS:000381484200002
ER
PT J
AU Gaebler, JP
Tan, TR
Lin, Y
Wan, Y
Bowler, R
Keith, AC
Glancy, S
Coakley, K
Knill, E
Leibfried, D
Wineland, DJ
AF Gaebler, J. P.
Tan, T. R.
Lin, Y.
Wan, Y.
Bowler, R.
Keith, A. C.
Glancy, S.
Coakley, K.
Knill, E.
Leibfried, D.
Wineland, D. J.
TI High-Fidelity Universal Gate Set for Be-9(+) Ion Qubits
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAPPED IONS; QUANTUM COMPUTERS; STATE; PHYSICS
AB We report high-fidelity laser-beam-induced quantum logic gates on magnetic-field-insensitive qubits comprised of hyperfine states in Be-9(+) ions with a memory coherence time of more than 1 s. We demonstrate single-qubit gates with an error per gate of 3.8(1) x 10(-5). By creating a Bell state with a deterministic two-qubit gate, we deduce a gate error of 8(4) x 10(-4). We characterize the errors in our implementation and discuss methods to further reduce imperfections towards values that are compatible with fault-tolerant processing at realistic overhead.
C1 [Gaebler, J. P.; Tan, T. R.; Lin, Y.; Wan, Y.; Bowler, R.; Keith, A. C.; Glancy, S.; Coakley, K.; Knill, E.; Leibfried, D.; Wineland, D. J.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lin, Y.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lin, Y.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bowler, R.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Tan, TR (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM tingrei.tan@nist.gov
FU Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) Intelligence
Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA); ONR; NIST Quantum
Information Program
FX This work was supported by the Office of the Director of National
Intelligence (ODNI) Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity
(IARPA), ONR and the NIST Quantum Information Program. We thank D.
Allcock and S. Brewer for helpful suggestions on the manuscript. We
thank D. Hume, D. Lucas, C. Ballance, and T. Harty for helpful
discussions. Contributions to this work by NIST, an agency of the U.S.
Government, are not subject to U.S. copyright.
NR 45
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 8
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 4
PY 2016
VL 117
IS 6
AR 060505
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.060505
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DT4HQ
UT WOS:000381441200004
PM 27541451
ER
PT J
AU Ugendar, K
Vaithyanathan, V
Patro, LN
Inbanathan, SSR
Bharathi, KK
AF Ugendar, K.
Vaithyanathan, V.
Patro, L. N.
Inbanathan, S. S. R.
Bharathi, K. K.
TI Temperature-dependent magnetization, anisotropy and conductivity of
CoFe2-xSnxO4 (x=0.025, 0.05, 0.075): appearance of grain boundary
conductivity at high temperatures
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ferrite; magnetic anisotropy; impedance spectrascopy; magnetization; ac
conductivity
ID ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; FERRITES; NANOPARTICLES; FILMS; MAGNETOSTRICTION;
TRANSITION; SCATTERING; MAGNETITE; CERAMICS; SPECTRA
AB The temperature dependence of magnetization, anisotropy, ac and dc conductivity of CoFe2-xSnxO4 (x = 0.025, 0.05, 0.075) were investigated and the results are reported. All the compounds were prepared by a solid-state reaction, and the formation of the compounds in the cubic inverse spinel phase was confirmed from their Rietveld refined x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and Raman spectra. Increments in the lattice constant were observed upon the partial substitution of Fe3+ by Sn4+. The presence of all elements and their ionic states were confirmed from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies. Magnetic hysteresis loops were measured for each compound at temperature 20 K and 50-300 K (in steps of 50 K) using a superconducting quantum interference device vibrating sample magnetometer. Both magnetization and magnetic anisotropy showed a decrease in values with increasing Sn substitution. Room temperature (RT) magnetization is seen to decrease from 80-65.91 emu g(-1) with increasing Sn concentration from x = 0 (CoFe2O4) to 0.075 (CoFe1.925Sn0.075O4). The high field regimes of the hysteresis loops were modeled using the law of approach to the saturation magnetization equation. The temperature variation of magnetization and magnetic anisotropy are explained on the basis of a one-ion model. Complex impedance spectroscopy studies at RT show that the conductivity in these materials is predominantly due to the intrinsic bulk grains. With increasing the temperature, evolution of the grain boundary conduction is clearly seen through the appearance of a second semi-circle in the complex impedance plots. The RT total dc conductivity value of CoFe2-xSnxO4 (x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075) is found to be 5.78 x 10(-8), 8.56 x 10(-8), 1.44 x 10(-7) and 1.11 x 10(-7) S cm(-1) respectively. The observation of well-distinguishable grain and grain boundary conductions and the low conductivity values in the CoFe2-xSnxO4 (x = 0, 0.025) materials indicates that these materials are promising candidates for high-frequency applications.
C1 [Ugendar, K.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Adv Magnet Mat Lab, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
[Vaithyanathan, V.] Bharathiar Univ, Ctr Res & Dev, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
[Patro, L. N.] Univ Marburg, Dept Chem, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
[Inbanathan, S. S. R.] Amer Coll, Post Grad & Res Dept Phys, Madurai 625002, Tamil Nadu, India.
[Bharathi, K. K.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bharathi, K. K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Inbanathan, SSR (reprint author), Amer Coll, Post Grad & Res Dept Phys, Madurai 625002, Tamil Nadu, India.
EM stepheninbanathan@gmail.com; kkamalabharathi@gmail.com
FU Indian Institute of Technology Madras
FX The author, K Ugendar, thanks the Indian Institute of Technology Madras
for the financial assistance and for providing the DST-FIST facility for
the SQUID measurements.
NR 43
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
EI 1361-6463
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 3
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 30
AR 305001
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/49/30/305001
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DW8HH
UT WOS:000383895300006
ER
PT J
AU Zou, MM
Xiong, XZ
Saitoh, N
Warner, J
Zhang, Y
Chen, LF
Weng, FZ
Fan, M
AF Zou, Mingmin
Xiong, Xiaozhen
Saitoh, Naoko
Warner, Juying
Zhang, Ying
Chen, Liangfu
Weng, Fuzhong
Fan, Meng
TI Satellite observation of atmospheric methane: intercomparison between
AIRS and GOSAT TANSO-FTS retrievals
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID UPPER TROPOSPHERIC METHANE; CH4; VALIDATION; IASI; CO2; RESOLUTION;
SOUNDER; SPACE
AB Space-borne observations of atmospheric methane (CH4) have been made using the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the EOS/Aqua satellite since August 2002 and the Thermal and Near-infrared Sensor for Carbon Observation Fourier Transform Spectrometer (TANSOFTS) on the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) since April 2009. This study compared the GOSAT TANSOFTS thermal infrared (TIR) version 1.0 CH4 product with the collocated AIRS version 6 CH4 product using data from 1 August 2010 to 30 June 2012, including the CH4 mixing ratios and the total column amounts. The results show that at 300-600 hPa, where both AIRS and GOSAT-TIR CH4 have peak sensitivities, they agree very well, but GOSAT-TIR retrievals tend to be higher than AIRS in layer 200-300 hPa. At 300 hPa the CH4 mixing ratio from GOSAT-TIR is, on average, 10.3 +/- 31.8 ppbv higher than that from AIRS, and at 600 hPa GOSAT-TIR retrieved CH4 is 16.2 +/- 25.7 ppbv lower than AIRS CH4. Comparison of the total column amount of CH4 shows that GOSAT-TIR agrees with AIRS to within 1% in the mid-latitude regions of the Southern Hemisphere and in the tropics. In the mid to high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, comparison shows that GOSAT-TIR is similar to 1-2% lower than AIRS, and in the high-latitude regions of the Southern Hemisphere the difference of GOSAT from AIRS varies from 3% in October to +2% in July. The difference between AIRS and GOSAT TANSO-FTS retrievals is mainly due to the difference in retrieval algorithms and instruments themselves, and the larger difference in the highlatitude regions is associated with the low information content and small degrees of freedom of the retrieval. The degrees of freedom of GOSAT-TIR retrievals are lower than that of AIRS, which also indicates that the constraint in GOSAT-TIR retrievals may be too strong. From the good correlation between AIRS and GOSAT-TIR retrievals and the seasonal variation they observed, we are confident that the thermal infrared measurements from AIRS and GOSAT-TIR can provide valuable information to capture the spatial and temporal variation of CH4, especially in the mid-upper troposphere, in most periods and regions.
C1 [Zou, Mingmin; Zhang, Ying; Chen, Liangfu; Fan, Meng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Xiong, Xiaozhen] Earth Resources Technol Inc, Laurel, MD USA.
[Xiong, Xiaozhen; Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Saitoh, Naoko] Chiba Univ, Ctr Environm Remote Sensing, Inage Ku, 1-33 Yayoi Cho, Chiba, Japan.
[Warner, Juying] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Zhang, Y; Fan, M (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
EM zhangying01@radi.ac.cn; fanmeng@radi.ac.cn
RI Xiong, Xiaozhen/F-6591-2010; Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
FU Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
[41130528]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41401387,
41201353]
FX This work was supported by the Key Program of the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (no. 41130528), National Natural Science
Foundation of China (nos. 41401387 and 41201353). This study was
performed within the framework of the GOSAT Research Announcement.
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
EI 1867-8548
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PD AUG 3
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 8
BP 3567
EP 3576
DI 10.5194/amt-9-3567-2016
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV6MG
UT WOS:000383049600002
ER
PT J
AU You, R
Radney, JG
Zachariah, MR
Zangmeister, CD
AF You, Rian
Radney, James G.
Zachariah, Michael R.
Zangmeister, Christopher D.
TI Measured Wavelength-Dependent Absorption Enhancement of Internally Mixed
Black Carbon with Absorbing and Nonabsorbing Materials
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROSOL LIGHT-ABSORPTION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; BROWN CARBON; MIXING
STATE; PHOTOACOUSTIC TECHNIQUE; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; REFRACTIVE-INDEX;
SOOT; PARTICLES; SPECTROMETER
AB Optical absorption spectra of laboratory generated aerosols consisting of black carbon (BC) internally mixed with nonabsorbing materials (ammonium sulfate, AS, and sodium chloride, NaCl) and BC with a weakly absorbing brown carbon surrogate derived from humic acid (HA) were measured across the visible to o near-IR (550 to 840 nm). Spectra were measured in situ using a photoacoustic spectrometer and step-scanning a supercontinuum laser source with a tunable 0 wavelength and bandwidth filter. BC had a mass-specific absorption cross section 1:2 (MAC) of 7.89 +/- 0.25 m(2) g(-1) at lambda = 550 nm and an absorption Angstrom exponent (AAE) of 1.03 +/- 0.09 (2 sigma). For internally mixed BC, the ratio of BC mass to the total mass of the mixture was chosen as 0.13 to mimic particles observed in the terrestrial. atmosphere. The manner in which BC mixed with each material was determined from transmission electron microscopy (TEM). AS/BC and HA/BC particles were fully internally mixed, and the BC was both internally and externally mixed for NaCl/BC particles. The AS/BC, NaCl/BC, and HA/BC particles had AAEs of 1.43 +/- 0.05, 1.34 +/- 0.06, and 1.91 +/- 0.05, respectively. The observed absorption enhancement of mixed BC relative to the pure BC was wavelength dependent for AS/BC and decreased from 1.5 at lambda = 550 nm with increasing wavelength while the NaCl/BC enhancement was essentially wavelength independent. For HA/BC, the enhancement ranged from 2 to 3 and was strongly wavelength dependent. Removal of the HA absorption contribution to enhancement revealed that the enhancement was approximate to 1.5 and independent of wavelength.
C1 [You, Rian; Radney, James G.; Zachariah, Michael R.; Zangmeister, Christopher D.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[You, Rian; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Zangmeister, CD (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cdzang@nist.gov
NR 71
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 22
U2 28
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG 2
PY 2016
VL 50
IS 15
BP 7982
EP 7990
DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b01473
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DS8WH
UT WOS:000381063200006
PM 27359341
ER
PT J
AU Corson, JP
Bohn, JL
AF Corson, John P.
Bohn, John L.
TI Ballistic quench-induced correlation waves in ultracold gases
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; FERMI GAS; FESHBACH RESONANCES; COLD ATOMS;
OPTICAL LATTICES; MOLECULE; SCATTERING; COLLISIONS; PICTURE; STATE
AB We investigate the wave-packet dynamics of a pair of particles that undergoes a rapid change of scattering length. The short-range interactions are modeled in the zero-range limit, where the quench is accomplished by switching the boundary condition of the wave function at vanishing particle separation. This generates a correlation wave that propagates rapidly to nonzero particle separations. We have derived universal, analytic results for this process that lead to a simple phase-space picture of the quench-induced scattering. Intuitively, the strength of the correlation wave relates to the initial contact of the system. We find that, in one spatial dimension, the k(-4) tail of the momentum distribution contains a ballistic contribution that does not originate from short-range pair correlations, and a similar conclusion can hold in other dimensionalities depending on the quench protocol. We examine the resultant quench-induced transport in an optical lattice in one dimension, and a semiclassical treatment is found to give quantitatively accurate estimates for the transport probabilities.
C1 [Corson, John P.] Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Corson, JP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU NDSEG fellowship program; NSF [PHY-1125844]
FX J.P.C. and J.L.B. recognize support from the NDSEG fellowship program
and the NSF (Grant No. PHY-1125844), respectively. We acknowledge
helpful conversations with K. R. A. Hazzard.
NR 81
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 2
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 2
AR 023604
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.023604
PG 10
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DS7EX
UT WOS:000380946900004
ER
PT J
AU Yang, C
DelRio, FW
Ma, H
Killaars, AR
Basta, LP
Kyburz, KA
Anseth, KS
AF Yang, Chun
DelRio, Frank W.
Ma, Hao
Killaars, Anouk R.
Basta, Lena P.
Kyburz, Kyle A.
Anseth, Kristi S.
TI Spatially patterned matrix elasticity directs stem cell fate
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE photodegradable hydrogel; human mesenchymal stem cell; spatial matrix
stiffness
ID EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; PHOTODEGRADABLE HYDROGELS; FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE;
SELF-RENEWAL; DIFFERENTIATION; ADHESION; DISEASE; LINEAGE;
MECHANOTRANSDUCTION; NANOTOPOGRAPHY
AB There is a growing appreciation for the functional role of matrix mechanics in regulating stem cell self-renewal and differentiation processes. However, it is largely unknown how subcellular, spatial mechanical variations in the local extracellular environment mediate intracellular signal transduction and direct cell fate. Here, the effect of spatial distribution, magnitude, and organization of subcellular matrix mechanical properties on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) function was investigated. Exploiting a photodegradation reaction, a hydrogel cell culture substrate was fabricated with regions of spatially varied and distinct mechanical properties, which were subsequently mapped and quantified by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The variations in the underlying matrix mechanics were found to regulate cellular adhesion and transcriptional events. Highly spread, elongated morphologies and higher Yes-associated protein (YAP) activation were observed in hMSCs seeded on hydrogels with higher concentrations of stiff regions in a dose-dependent manner. However, when the spatial organization of the mechanically stiff regions was altered from a regular to randomized pattern, lower levels of YAP activation with smaller and more rounded cell morphologies were induced in hMSCs. We infer from these results that irregular, disorganized variations in matrix mechanics, compared with regular patterns, appear to disrupt actin organization, and lead to different cell fates; this was verified by observations of lower alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and higher expression of CD105, a stem cell marker, in hMSCs in random versus regular patterns of mechanical properties. Collectively, this material platform has allowed innovative experiments to elucidate a novel spatial mechanical dosing mechanism that correlates to both the magnitude and organization of spatial stiffness.
C1 [Yang, Chun] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Yang, Chun; Ma, Hao; Killaars, Anouk R.; Kyburz, Kyle A.; Anseth, Kristi S.] Univ Colorado, BioFrontiers Inst, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[DelRio, Frank W.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ma, Hao; Basta, Lena P.; Kyburz, Kyle A.; Anseth, Kristi S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Killaars, Anouk R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Anseth, Kristi S.] Univ Colorado, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Anseth, KS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, BioFrontiers Inst, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.; Anseth, KS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.; Anseth, KS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM Kristi.Anseth@colorado.edu
FU National Institutes of Health [R01 DE016523, R21 AR067469]; Howard
Hughes Medical Institute
FX We thank Eric Bunker for developing the Matlab code for image analysis,
Dr. Joseph Grim for manuscript editing, and Prof. Virginia Ferguson and
Dr. Emi Tokuda for helpful discussions on the work, as well as Dr. Joe
Dragavon for assistance in image acquisition. This work was supported by
the National Institutes of Health (Grants R01 DE016523 and R21 AR067469)
and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (K.S.A.).
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 21
U2 36
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD AUG 2
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 31
BP E4439
EP E4445
DI 10.1073/pnas.1609731113
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DS2HH
UT WOS:000380586600005
PM 27436901
ER
PT J
AU Overney, F
Flowers-Jacobs, NE
Jeanneret, B
Rufenacht, A
Fox, AE
Underwood, JM
Koffman, AD
Benz, SP
AF Overney, Frederic
Flowers-Jacobs, Nathan E.
Jeanneret, Blaise
Rufenacht, Alain
Fox, Anna E.
Underwood, Jason M.
Koffman, Andrew D.
Benz, Samuel P.
TI Josephson-based full digital bridge for high-accuracy impedance
comparisons
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE impedance comparison; AC Josephson voltage standard; JAWS; digital
bridge; AC coaxial bridge
ID INDUCTIVE VOLTAGE DIVIDER; FREQUENCY-DEPENDENCE; CALCULABLE CAPACITOR;
RATIO TRANSFORMERS; COAXIAL BRIDGE; 100 KHZ; AC; RESISTANCE; STANDARDS;
CONSTANT
AB This paper describes a Josephson-based full digital impedance bridge capable of comparing any two impedances, regardless of type (R-C, R-L, or L-C), over a large frequency range (from 1 kHz to 20 kHz). At the heart of the bridge are two Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer systems that offer unprecedented flexibility in high-precision impedance calibration, that is, it can compare impedances with arbitrary ratios and phase angles. Thus this single bridge can fully cover the entire complex plane. In the near future, this type of instrument will considerably simplify the realization and maintenance of the various impedance scales in many National Metrology Institutes around the world.
C1 [Overney, Frederic; Jeanneret, Blaise] Fed Inst Metrol METAS, Lindenweg 50, CH-3003 Bern, Switzerland.
[Flowers-Jacobs, Nathan E.; Rufenacht, Alain; Fox, Anna E.; Benz, Samuel P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Underwood, Jason M.; Koffman, Andrew D.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Overney, F (reprint author), Fed Inst Metrol METAS, Lindenweg 50, CH-3003 Bern, Switzerland.
EM frederic.overney@metas.ch
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
EI 1681-7575
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 53
IS 4
BP 1045
EP 1053
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/53/4/1045
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DU0SK
UT WOS:000381914600007
ER
PT J
AU Blair, HB
Merchant, ND
Friedlaender, AS
Wiley, DN
Parks, SE
AF Blair, Hannah B.
Merchant, Nathan D.
Friedlaender, Ari S.
Wiley, David N.
Parks, Susan E.
TI Evidence for ship noise impacts on humpback whale foraging behaviour
SO BIOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE anthropogenic noise; humpback whale; foraging
ID MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE; COMMUNICATION BEHAVIOR; ANTHROPOGENIC NOISE;
SPERM-WHALES; SONAR; ATTENTION; RESPONSES; EXPOSURE; GULF
AB Noise from shipping activity in North Atlantic coastal waters has been steadily increasing and is an area of growing conservation concern, as it has the potential to disrupt the behaviour of marine organisms. This study examines the impacts of ship noise on bottom foraging humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the western North Atlantic. Data were collected from 10 foraging whales using non-invasive archival tags that simultaneously recorded underwater movements and the acoustic environment at the whale. Using mixed models, we assess the effects of ship noise on seven parameters of their feeding behaviours. Independent variables included the presence or absence of ship noise and the received level of ship noise at the whale. We found significant effects on foraging, including slower descent rates and fewer side-roll feeding events per dive with increasing ship noise. During 5 of 18 ship passages, dives without side-rolls were observed. These findings indicate that humpback whales on Stellwagen Bank, an area with chronically elevated levels of shipping traffic, significantly change foraging activity when exposed to high levels of ship noise. This measureable reduction in within-dive foraging effort of individual whales could potentially lead to population-level impacts of shipping noise on baleen whale foraging success.
C1 [Blair, Hannah B.; Parks, Susan E.] Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Merchant, Nathan D.] Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Lowestoft, Suffolk, England.
[Friedlaender, Ari S.] Oregon State Univ, Marine Mammal Inst, Newport, OR USA.
[Wiley, David N.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Stellwagen Bank Natl Marine Sanctuary, Scituate, MA USA.
RP Blair, HB (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
EM hannah.blair@stonybrook.edu
FU Office of Naval Research; Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary
FX This research was supported by funding from the Office of Naval Research
and the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 22
U2 22
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1744-9561
EI 1744-957X
J9 BIOL LETTERS
JI Biol. Lett.
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 8
AR 20160005
DI 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0005
PG 5
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA EF4WB
UT WOS:000390331600001
ER
PT J
AU Hubler, S
Huff, DD
Edwards, P
Pan, YD
AF Hubler, Shannon
Huff, David D.
Edwards, Patrick
Pan, Yangdong
TI The Biological Sediment Tolerance Index: Assessing fine sediments
conditions in Oregon streams using macroinvertebrates
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fine sediments; Macroinvertebrates; Tolerances; Weighted averaging
ID WEIGHTED AVERAGING REGRESSION; COLUMBIA CANADA LAKES; ECOLOGICAL
CONDITION; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; SPARNA TRICHOPTERA; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST;
PREDICTIVE MODELS; WADEABLE STREAMS; INDICATOR VALUES; BIOTIC INDEX
AB Fine sediments in excess of natural background conditions are one of most globally common causes of stream degradation, with well documented impacts on aquatic communities. The lack of agreement on methods for monitoring fine sediments makes it difficult to share data, limiting assessments of stream conditions across jurisdictions. We present a model that circumvents these limitations by inferring fine sediments in Oregon streams through sampling of macroinvertebrates. Tolerances to fine sediments (<0.06 mm diameter) were calculated for 240 macroinvertebrate taxa, from a calibration dataset of 446 sites across Oregon, as well as an independent validation dataset of 50 samples. Weighted averaging methods were used to infer fine sediment levels in streams by weighting the tolerances of modeled taxa observed in a sample by their abundances. The final model, the Biological Sediment Tolerance Index (BSTI), showed a strong relationship to measured fine sediments (calibration r(2) = 0.49, validation r(2) = 0.58). Root mean-squared-error was small in the calibration dataset (2% fines), but larger in the validation dataset (14% fines). Repeatability was assessed by examining variability in BSTI at 14 sites across Oregon. Because field methods for sampling macroinvertebrates are standardized across resource agencies in Oregon and the responses of macroinvertebrates represent the actual effects of fine sediments on stream ecosystems, the BSTI may offer water resource managers' a cost-effective method for assessing fine sediment conditions in their ongoing efforts to improve water quality across the state. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hubler, Shannon] Oregon Dept Environm Qual, 3150 NW 229th Ave, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA.
[Huff, David D.] NOAA, Estuarine & Ocean Ecol, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Point Adams Res Stn, POB 155, Hammond, OR 97121 USA.
[Edwards, Patrick; Pan, Yangdong] Portland State Univ, Sch Environm, Dept Environm Sci & Management, POB 751, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
RP Hubler, S (reprint author), 3150 NW 229th Ave, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA.
EM hubler.shannon@deq.state.or.us; david.huff@noaa.gov;
patrick.edwards@pdx.edu; pany@pdx.edu
OI Huff, David/0000-0001-9061-7685
FU United States Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring
and Assessment Program Western Pilot; Oregon Plan for Salmon and
Watersheds; Grande Ronde Section 319 National Monitoring Program Project
FX We would like to thank the field crews that collected the data used in
this paper. Adam Thompson, Ryan Michie, and Peter Bryant, provided
valuable manuscript reviews. We thank Lesley Merrick for GIS support.
Funding sources for the survey data used in this paper included the
United States Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring
and Assessment Program Western Pilot, the Oregon Plan for Salmon and
Watersheds, and the Grande Ronde Section 319 National Monitoring Program
Project. External data sources were provided by Chuck Hawkins, Kara
Anlauf-Dunn, Chris Prescott, the Rogue Basin Coordinating Council, and
the Yamhill Watershed Council.
NR 90
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
EI 1872-7034
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 67
BP 132
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.02.009
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA ED3YV
UT WOS:000388785300014
ER
PT J
AU Bouvet, N
Linteris, G
Babushok, V
Takahashi, F
Katta, V
Kramer, R
AF Bouvet, Nicolas
Linteris, Gregory
Babushok, Valeri
Takahashi, Fumiaki
Katta, Viswanath
Kramer, Roland
TI Experimental and numerical investigation of the gas-phase effectiveness
of phosphorus compounds
SO FIRE AND MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE cup-burner flame; fire retardants; phosphorus; dimethyl
methylphosphonate (DMMP); particle formation; Rayleigh scattering
ID FLAME INHIBITION; IRON PENTACARBONYL; DIFFUSION FLAMES; CUP-BURNER;
ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; NONPREMIXED FLAMES; PREMIXED FLAMES;
COMBUSTION; EXTINGUISHMENT; FLAMMABILITY
AB The effectiveness of phosphorus-containing compounds as gas-phase combustion inhibitors varies widely with flame type. To understand this behavior, experiments are performed with dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) added to the oxidizer stream of methane-air co-flow diffusion flames (cup-burner configuration). At low volume fraction, phosphorus (via DMMP addition) is shown to be about four times as effective as bromine (via Br-2 addition) at reducing the amount of CO2 required for extinguishment; however, above about 3000 mu L/L to 6000 mu L/L, the marginal effectiveness of DMMP is approximately zero. In contrast, the diminished effectiveness does not occur for Br2 addition. To explore the role of condensation of active phosphorus-containing compounds to the particles, laser-scattering measurements are performed. Finally, to examine the behavior of the flame stabilization region (which is responsible for extinguishment), premixed burning velocity simulations with detailed kinetics are performed for DMMP addition to methane-air flames. Analyses of the numerical results are performed to understand the variation in the inhibition mechanism with temperature, agent loading, and stoichiometry, to interpret the loss of effectiveness for DMMP in the present experiments. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Bouvet, Nicolas; Linteris, Gregory; Babushok, Valeri] NIST, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Takahashi, Fumiaki] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Katta, Viswanath] Innovat Sci Solut, Dayton, OH USA.
[Kramer, Roland] BASF SE, Adv Mat & Syst Res, D-67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
RP Linteris, G (reprint author), NIST, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM linteris@NIST.GOV
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology [70NANB 13H 176]; FXT
Consulting, LLC.; BASF; NIST
FX The work of F. T., V. K., and V. B. was supported under the cooperative
agreement no. 70NANB 13H 176 by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology with FXT Consulting, LLC. N. B. was supported by a grant to
the University of Maryland from BASF and from NIST.
NR 56
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0308-0501
EI 1099-1018
J9 FIRE MATER
JI Fire Mater.
PD AUG-SEP
PY 2016
VL 40
IS 5
BP 683
EP 696
DI 10.1002/fam.2319
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA DW5WW
UT WOS:000383719400003
ER
PT J
AU Hilger, KA
Hilger, JR
Putnam, SD
Carstairs, SD
Maves, RC
AF Hilger, Keren Arkin
Hilger, James R.
Putnam, Shannon D.
Carstairs, Shaun D.
Maves, Ryan C.
TI Feasibility and Patient Acceptance of Emergency Department-Based
Influenza Vaccination in a Military Medical Center
SO MILITARY MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID IMMUNIZATION; ADULTS
AB Influenza vaccination rates in the United States remain low. Many emergency department (ED) patients may not routinely seek care elsewhere. In a survey of ED visitors, 36.8% of unvaccinated respondents were willing to consider influenza vaccination during their visit. Participants at high risk for influenza complications were more likely to have been previously vaccinated, but unvaccinated participants at high risk were not significantly more likely to consider ED-based vaccination compared with other participants. ED-based influenza vaccination may be an effective method to expand vaccine coverage.
C1 [Hilger, Keren Arkin; Carstairs, Shaun D.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Emergency Med, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Hilger, James R.] NOAA, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Putnam, Shannon D.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Operat Infect Dis Dept, 140 Sylvester Rd, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Maves, Ryan C.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
[Maves, Ryan C.] Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Pulm & Crit Care Med, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
RP Hilger, KA (reprint author), Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Dept Emergency Med, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US
PI BETHESDA
PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0026-4075
EI 1930-613X
J9 MIL MED
JI Milit. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 181
IS 8
BP 883
EP 886
DI 10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00074
PG 4
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA DW5MI
UT WOS:000383688900035
PM 27483528
ER
PT J
AU Frolicher, TL
Rodgers, KB
Stock, CA
Cheung, WWL
AF Frolicher, Thomas L.
Rodgers, Keith B.
Stock, Charles A.
Cheung, William W. L.
TI Sources of uncertainties in 21st century projections of potential ocean
ecosystem stressors
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
ID LINE SIMULATION CHARACTERISTICS; NORTH-AMERICAN CLIMATE; MARINE
ECOSYSTEMS; CMIP5 MODELS; SEA-LEVEL; NATURAL VARIABILITY;
SOUTHERN-OCEAN; CHANGING OCEAN; LARGE ENSEMBLE; CHANGE IMPACTS
AB Future projections of potential ocean ecosystem stressors, such as acidification, warming, deoxygenation, and changes in ocean productivity, are uncertain due to incomplete understanding of fundamental processes, internal climate variability, and divergent carbon emission scenarios. This complicates climate change impact assessments. We evaluate the relative importance of these uncertainty sources in projections of potential stressors as a function of projection lead time and spatial scale. Internally generated climate variability is the dominant source of uncertainty in middle-to-low latitudes and in most coastal large marine ecosystems over the next few decades, suggesting irreducible uncertainty inherent in these short projections. Uncertainty in projections of century-scale global sea surface temperature (SST), global thermocline oxygen, and regional surface pH is dominated by scenario uncertainty, highlighting the critical importance of policy decisions on carbon emissions. In contrast, uncertainty in century-scale projections of net primary productivity, low-oxygen waters, and Southern Ocean SST is dominated by model uncertainty, underscoring that the importance of overcoming deficiencies in scientific understanding and improved process representation in Earth system models are critical for making more robust projections these potential stressors. We also show that changes in the combined potential stressors emerge from the noise in 39% (34-44%) of the ocean by 2016-2035 relative to the 1986-2005 reference period and in 54% (50-60%) of the ocean by 2076-2095 following a high-carbon emission scenario. Projected large changes in surface pH and SST can be reduced substantially and rapidly with aggressive carbon emission mitigation but only marginally for oxygen. The regional importance of model uncertainty and internal variability underscores the need for expanded and improved multimodel and large initial condition ensemble projections with Earth system models for evaluating regional marine resource impacts.
C1 [Frolicher, Thomas L.] ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Environm Phys, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Rodgers, Keith B.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Stock, Charles A.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Cheung, William W. L.] Univ British Columbia, Inst Oceans & Fisheries, NF UBC Nereus Program, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
[Cheung, William W. L.] Univ British Columbia, Inst Oceans & Fisheries, Changing Ocean Res Unit, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
RP Frolicher, TL (reprint author), ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Environm Phys, Zurich, Switzerland.
EM thomas.froelicher@usys.ethz.ch
RI Frolicher, Thomas/E-5137-2015
OI Frolicher, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7854
FU SNSF [PZ00P2_142573]; NOAA Office of Climate Observations; NOAA award
[NA11OAR4310066]; NASA [NNX14AL85G]; Nippon Foundation-UBC Nereus
Program; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada;
[NA17RJ2612]; [NA08OAR4320752]
FX We thank N. Gruber and J.L. Sarmiento for their constructive discussions
and J.P. Dunne for their comments on the manuscript. T.L. Frolicher
acknowledges financial support from the SNSF (Ambizione grant
PZ00P2_142573). The support of K.B. Rodgers comes through awards
NA17RJ2612 and NA08OAR4320752, including support through the NOAA Office
of Climate Observations, NOAA award NA11OAR4310066, and NASA award
NNX14AL85G. W.W.L. Cheung and T.L. Frolicher acknowledge support from
the Nippon Foundation-UBC Nereus Program, and W.W.L. Cheung acknowledges
support from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working
Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank
the climate modeling groups (listed in Table S1 of this paper) for
producing and making available their model output. We thank S. Schmidtko
and S. Lauvset for providing observation-based O2 and pH data
products.
NR 85
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 14
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 8
BP 1224
EP 1243
DI 10.1002/2015GB005338
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA EC9IG
UT WOS:000388457500007
ER
PT J
AU Morley, SA
Coe, HJ
Duda, JJ
Dunphy, LS
McHenry, ML
Beckman, BR
Elofson, M
Sampson, EM
Ward, L
AF Morley, S. A.
Coe, H. J.
Duda, J. J.
Dunphy, L. S.
McHenry, M. L.
Beckman, B. R.
Elofson, M.
Sampson, E. M.
Ward, L.
TI Seasonal variation exceeds effects of salmon carcass additions on
benthic food webs in the Elwha River
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE benthic invertebrates; dam removal; Elwha River; marine-derived
nutrients; Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) recolonization;
periphyton; salmon subsidies; stable isotopes; Washington State
ID MARINE-DERIVED NUTRIENTS; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; SCALE DAM REMOVAL;
PACIFIC SALMON; FRESH-WATER; STREAM PRODUCTIVITY; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS;
CALIFORNIA STREAMS; COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; SOUTHEAST ALASKA
AB Dam removal and other fish barrier removal projects in western North America are assumed to boost freshwater productivity via the transport of marine-derived nutrients from recolonizing Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.). In anticipation of the removal of two hydroelectric dams on the Elwha River in Washington State, we tested this hypothesis with a salmon carcass addition experiment. Our study was designed to examine how background nutrient dynamics and benthic food webs vary seasonally, and how these features respond to salmon subsidies. We conducted our experiment in six side channels of the Elwha River, each with a spatially paired reference and treatment reach. Each reach was sampled on multiple occasions from October 2007 to August 2008, before and after carcass placement. We evaluated nutrient limitation status; measured water chemistry, periphyton, benthic invertebrates, and juvenile rainbow trout (O. mykiss) response; and traced salmon-derived nutrient uptake using stable isotopes. Outside of winter, algal accrual was limited by both nitrogen and phosphorous and remained so even in the presence of salmon carcasses. One month after salmon addition, dissolved inorganic nitrogen levels doubled in treatment reaches. Two months after addition, benthic algal accrual was significantly elevated. We detected no changes in invertebrate or fish metrics, with the exception of N-15 enrichment. Natural seasonal variability was greater than salmon effects for the majority of our response metrics. Yet seasonality and synchronicity of nutrient supply and demand are often overlooked in nutrient enhancement studies. Timing and magnitude of salmon-derived nitrogen utilization suggest that uptake of dissolved nutrients was favored over direct consumption of carcasses. The highest proportion of salmon-derived nitrogen was incorporated by herbivores (18-30%) and peaked 1-2 months after carcass addition. Peak nitrogen enrichment in predators (11-16%) occurred 2-3 months after addition. All taxa returned to background delta N-15 levels by 7 months. Since this study was conducted, both dams on the Elwha River were removed over 2011-2014 to open over 90% of the basin to anadromous fishes. We anticipate that as the full portfolio of salmon species expands through the basin, nutrient supply and demand will come into better balance.
C1 [Morley, S. A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Coe, H. J.] Ocean Associates, Arlington, VA 22207 USA.
[Duda, J. J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Dunphy, L. S.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[McHenry, M. L.; Elofson, M.; Sampson, E. M.; Ward, L.] Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, Nat Resources Dept, Port Angeles, WA 98363 USA.
[Beckman, B. R.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Morley, SA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM sarah.morley@noaa.gov
FU NWFSC Internal Grant Program; Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe; U.S. Geological
Survey's Ecosystems mission area
FX This work could not have been undertaken without support from numerous
colleagues, students, and volunteers from the Lower Elwha Klallam
Tribe's Natural Resources staff, the NWFSC Watershed Program, and
Peninsula College. In particular, we would like to thank T. Bennett, J.
Ganzhorn, K. Kloehn, R. Moses, V. Pelekis, G. Pess, C. Tran, and C.
Vizza for assistance in the field and laboratory. M. Liermann provided
statistical consultation and O. Stefankiv assisted with figure
preparation. This article benefited from comments by J. Bellmore, A.
Collins, B. Sanderson, and two anonymous peer reviewers. Funding was
provided by the NWFSC Internal Grant Program, the Lower Elwha Klallam
Tribe, and the U.S. Geological Survey's Ecosystems mission area. Use of
trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 67
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 18
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 8
AR e01422
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1422
PG 19
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2RG
UT WOS:000387208900016
ER
PT J
AU Warren, DR
Keeton, WS
Kiffney, PM
Kaylor, MJ
Bechtold, HA
Magee, J
AF Warren, Dana R.
Keeton, William S.
Kiffney, Peter M.
Kaylor, Matthew J.
Bechtold, Heather A.
Magee, John
TI Changing forests-changing streams: riparian forest stand development and
ecosystem function in temperate headwaters
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE aquatic-terrestrial linkages; benthic primary production; forest
succession; land-use recovery; riparian forest; stand development;
stream light
ID SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS; FOOD WEBS; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS;
OLD-GROWTH; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; BUFFER WIDTH;
NEW-ENGLAND; LAND-USE; EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATION
AB Light availability influences temperature, primary production, nutrient dynamics, and secondary production in aquatic ecosystems. In forested freshwater ecosystems, shading by streamside (riparian) vegetation is a dominant control on light flux and represents an important interaction at the aquatic-terrestrial interface. Changes in forest structure over time, particularly tree mortality processes that gradually increase light penetration through maturing forest canopies, are likely to influence stream light fluxes and associated ecosystem functions. We provide a set of conceptual models describing how stream light dynamics change with the development of complex canopy structure and how changes in light availability are likely to affect stream ecosystem processes. Shortly after a stand-replacing event, light flux to the stream is high, but light fluxes decline as canopies reestablish and close. Tree density, the degree of understory growth, patterns of tree mortality, and small-scale disturbances interact as drivers of multiple pathways of forest structural development. Changes in canopy structure will, in turn, influence stream light, which is expected to impact primary production and stream nutrient dynamics as well as the amount of autochthonous carbon supporting aquatic food webs. Ultimately, these conceptual models stress the-importance of recovery from historic forest disturbances as well as future forest change as important factors influencing the long-term trajectories of ecosystem processes in headwaters.
C1 [Warren, Dana R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Warren, Dana R.; Kaylor, Matthew J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Keeton, William S.] Univ Vermont, Gund Inst Ecol Econ, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Keeton, William S.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Kiffney, Peter M.] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Bechtold, Heather A.] Lock Haven Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lock Haven, PA 17745 USA.
[Magee, John] New Hampshire Fish & Game Dept, Concord, NH 03301 USA.
RP Warren, DR (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.; Warren, DR (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM dana.warren@oregonstate.edu
FU HJ Andrews Experimental Forest Research Program within NSF's LTER
Program [DEB 08-23380]
FX We thank R. Bilby, J. Burton, R. S. Warren, S. Wondzell, and two
anonymous reviewers for their input on the manuscript. This work does
not reflect the views of NOAA or NH Fish and Game. This work was
supported in part by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest Research Program
within NSF's LTER Program (grant: DEB 08-23380).
NR 120
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U1 13
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 8
AR e01435
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1435
PG 19
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2RG
UT WOS:000387208900025
ER
PT J
AU Pellerin, BA
Stauffer, BA
Young, DA
Sullivan, DJ
Bricker, SB
Walbridge, MR
Clyde, GA
Shaw, DM
AF Pellerin, Brian A.
Stauffer, Beth A.
Young, Dwane A.
Sullivan, Daniel J.
Bricker, Suzanne B.
Walbridge, Mark R.
Clyde, Gerard A., Jr.
Shaw, Denice M.
TI EMERGING TOOLS FOR CONTINUOUS NUTRIENT MONITORING NETWORKS: SENSORS
ADVANCING SCIENCE AND WATER RESOURCES PROTECTION
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE sensors; nutrients; water quality; information management
ID HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; SPRING-FED RIVER; IN-SITU SENSORS; MISSISSIPPI
RIVER; HIGH-RESOLUTION; DRINKING-WATER; WASTE-WATER; DATA DELUGE;
NITRATE; FREQUENCY
AB Sensors and enabling technologies are becoming increasingly important tools for water quality monitoring and associated water resource management decisions. In particular, nutrient sensors are of interest because of the well-known adverse effects of nutrient enrichment on coastal hypoxia, harmful algal blooms, and impacts to human health. Accurate and timely information on nutrient concentrations and loads is integral to strategies designed to minimize risk to humans and manage the underlying drivers of water quality impairment. Using nitrate sensors as the primary example, we highlight the types of applications in freshwater and coastal environments that are likely to benefit from continuous, real-time nutrient data. The concurrent emergence of new tools to integrate, manage, and share large datasets is critical to the successful use of nutrient sensors and has made it possible for the field of continuous monitoring to rapidly move forward. We highlight several near-term opportunities for federal agencies, as well as the broader scientific and management community, that will help accelerate sensor development, build and leverage sites within a national network, and develop open data standards and data management protocols that are key to realizing the benefits of a large-scale, integrated monitoring network. Investing in these opportunities will provide new information to guide management and policies designed to protect and restore our nation's water resources.
C1 [Pellerin, Brian A.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 6000 J St,Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Stauffer, Beth A.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
[Young, Dwane A.] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Sullivan, Daniel J.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Bricker, Suzanne B.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Walbridge, Mark R.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Clyde, Gerard A., Jr.] US Army Corp Engineers, Tulsa Dist, Tulsa, OK 74128 USA.
[Shaw, Denice M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Pellerin, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 6000 J St,Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM bpeller@usgs.gov
FU USGS Office of Water Quality; USGS National Water Quality Assessment
Program; National Water Quality Monitoring Council
FX The authors benefited from insights and comments from Robert Gilliom,
Charles Crawford, Donna Myers, Bill Wilber, Gary Rowe, Pixie Hamilton,
Mark Nilles, Andy Ziegler, Jeff Lape, and Richard Mitchell. We thank
Pete Penoyer (National Park Service) and two anonymous reviewers for
helpful comments on the manuscript. This article was supported by the
USGS Office of Water Quality, the USGS National Water Quality Assessment
Program, and the National Water Quality Monitoring Council.
NR 81
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U1 11
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 993
EP 1008
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12386
PG 16
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2DW
UT WOS:000387168800016
ER
PT J
AU Eggleton, B
Bryant, G
Majumdar, A
AF Eggleton, Benjamin
Bryant, Garnett
Majumdar, Arka
TI Special issue: Quantum photonics
SO NANOPHOTONICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Eggleton, Benjamin] Inst Photon & Opt Sci IPOS, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Bryant, Garnett] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Majumdar, Arka] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Eggleton, B (reprint author), Inst Photon & Opt Sci IPOS, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
NR 0
TC 0
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U1 3
U2 3
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 2192-8606
EI 2192-8614
J9 NANOPHOTONICS-BERLIN
JI Nanophotonics
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 5
IS 3
SI SI
BP III
EP III
DI 10.1515/nanoph-2016-0355
PG 1
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics
GA EB2WV
UT WOS:000387224200001
ER
PT J
AU Lei, RB
Tian-Kunze, X
Lepparanta, M
Wang, J
Kaleschke, L
Zhang, ZH
AF Lei, Ruibo
Tian-Kunze, Xiangshan
Lepparanta, Matti
Wang, Jia
Kaleschke, Lars
Zhang, Zhanhai
TI Changes in summer sea ice, albedo, and portioning of surface solar
radiation in the Pacific sector of Arctic Ocean during 1982-2009
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEASONAL EVOLUTION; MELT PONDS; AMPLIFICATION; IMPACTS
AB SSM/I sea ice concentration and CLARA black-sky composite albedo were used to estimate sea ice albedo in the region 70 degrees N-82 degrees N, 130 degrees W-180 degrees W. The long-term trends and seasonal evolutions of ice concentration, composite albedo, and ice albedo were then obtained. In July-August 1982-2009, the linear trend of the composite albedo and the ice albedo was -0.069 and -0.046 units per decade, respectively. During 1 June to 19 August, melting of sea ice resulted in an increase of solar heat input to the ice-ocean system by 282 MJ.m(-2) from 1982 to 2009. However, because of the counter-balancing effects of the loss of sea ice area and the enhanced ice surface melting, the trend of solar heat input to the ice was insignificant. The summer evolution of ice albedo matched the ice surface melting and ponding well at basin scale. The ice albedo showed a large difference between the multiyear and first-year ice because the latter melted completely by the end of a melt season. At the SHEBA geolocations, a distinct change in the ice albedo has occurred since 2007, because most of the multiyear ice has been replaced by first-year ice. A positive polarity in the Arctic Dipole Anomaly could be partly responsible for the rapid loss of summer ice within the study region in the recent years by bringing warmer air masses from the south and advecting more ice toward the north. Both these effects would enhance ice-albedo feedback.
C1 [Lei, Ruibo; Zhang, Zhanhai] Polar Res Inst China, State Ocean Adm, Key Lab Polar Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
[Tian-Kunze, Xiangshan; Kaleschke, Lars] Univ Hamburg, Inst Oceanog, Hamburg, Germany.
[Lepparanta, Matti] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland.
[Wang, Jia] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Lei, RB (reprint author), Polar Res Inst China, State Ocean Adm, Key Lab Polar Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
EM leiruibo@pric.org.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41476170]; Chinese Polar
Environment Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment Programs
[CHINARE2016-03-01/04-03/ 04-04]; Chinese Arctic and Antarctic
Administration [IC2014007]; Nordic Center of Excellence
Cryosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in a Changing Arctic Climate
(CRAICC); NOAA CPO Office of Arctic Research through RUSALCA project
[1821]; DFG [EXC177]
FX This work was financially supported by grants from the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (41476170), Chinese Polar Environment
Comprehensive Investigation and Assessment Programs
(CHINARE2016-03-01/04-03/ 04-04), and Chinese Arctic and Antarctic
Administration (IC2014007). M.L. was supported by the Nordic Center of
Excellence Cryosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in a Changing Arctic
Climate (CRAICC). J.W. was supported by the NOAA CPO Office of Arctic
Research through RUSALCA project (1821). L.K. was funded by the DFG
(EXC177). We also wish to acknowledge CMSAF for providing CLARA-A1
albedo data, NSIDC for SSM/I ice concentration data, NASA Cryospheric
Sciences Research Portal for sea ice melt data, ICDC of University of
Hamburg for MODIS melt pond data, ECWMF for ERA-interim data, and NCEP
for Reanalysis 2 data. The satellite-derived sea ice albedo is available
from the authors on request (leiruibo@pric.org.cn).
NR 48
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 5470
EP 5486
DI 10.1002/2016JC011831
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA EA8TU
UT WOS:000386912700005
ER
PT J
AU Ladd, C
Mordy, CW
Salo, SA
Stabeno, PJ
AF Ladd, C.
Mordy, C. W.
Salo, S. A.
Stabeno, P. J.
TI Winter Water Properties and the Chukchi Polynya
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID BARROW CANYON; ARCTIC-OCEAN; SEA-ICE; BERING STRAIT; BEAUFORT SEA;
SHELF; CIRCULATION; HALOCLINE; EXCHANGE; DYNAMICS
AB Water properties from moored measurements (2010-2015) near Icy Cape on the eastern Chukchi shelf have been examined in relation to satellite observations of ice cover. Atlantic Water (AW), with temperature >-1 degrees C and salinity >33.6, has been observed to upwell from deeper than 200 m in the Arctic Basin onto the Chukchi Shelf via Barrow Canyon. Most previous observations of AW on the Chukchi shelf have been in or near Barrow Canyon; observations of AW farther onto the shelf are rare. Despite mooring location on the shelf similar to 225 km from the head of Barrow Canyon, five AW events have been observed at mooring C1 (70.8 degrees N, 163.2 degrees W) in 4 years of data. All but one of the events occurred under openings in the sea-ice cover (either a polynya or the ice edge). No events were observed during the winter of 2011/2012, a year with little polynya activity in the region. In addition to changes in temperature and salinity, the AW events are typically associated with southwestward winds and currents, changes in sea-ice cover, and increased nutrient concentrations in the bottom water. Estimates of heat content associated with the AW events suggest that the Chukchi Polynya can often be classified as a hybrid sensible heat/wind-driven polynya.
C1 [Ladd, C.; Mordy, C. W.; Salo, S. A.; Stabeno, P. J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Mordy, C. W.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Ladd, C (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM carol.ladd@noaa.gov
FU NOAA; Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) [M09PG00016, M12PG00021,
M13PG00026]; Carol Fairfield and Heather Crowley (BOEM); Joint Institute
for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA
[NA10OAR4320148, 2650]
FX Thanks to the captain, crews, and scientists aboard the R/V Aquila that
deployed and recovered the moorings, particularly Catherine Berchok
(chief scientist). Funding was provided by NOAA and the Bureau of Ocean
Energy Management (BOEM) under Inter-Agency Agreements M09PG00016
(CHAOZ), M12PG00021 (ArcWEST), and M13PG00026 (CHAOZ-X). Special thanks
to Carol Fairfield and Heather Crowley (BOEM) for their continued
project support. This research is contribution EcoFOCI-0864 to NOAA's
Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations, contribution 4386 to
NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. This publication is
partially funded by the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere
and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement NA10OAR4320148,
Contribution 2650. The mooring data are archived with the authors and
BOEM and have been submitted to NOAA's National Centers for
Environmental Information. The sea-ice data were downloaded from the
National Snow and Ice Data Center (http://nsidc.org/data/g02202).
NR 38
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U1 7
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 5516
EP 5534
DI 10.1002/2016JC011918
PG 19
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA EA8TU
UT WOS:000386912700008
ER
PT J
AU Majumder, S
Schmid, C
Halliwell, G
AF Majumder, Sudip
Schmid, Claudia
Halliwell, George
TI An observations and model-based analysis of meridional transports in the
South Atlantic
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY;
HEAT-TRANSPORT; OCEAN CIRCULATION; THERMOCLINE WATER; WORLD OCEAN;
REANALYSIS; CLIMATE; FLUXES
AB A three-dimensional velocity field constructed from Argo observations and sea surface heights (called Argo and SSH, hereinafter) is used to estimate meridional overturning volume transport and meridional heat transport (MHT) across 20 degrees S, 25 degrees S, 30 degrees S, and 35 degrees S for the years 2000-2014 in the South Atlantic. Volume transport in the upper branch of Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) and MHT from the observations are consistent with the previous observations, but are higher than the estimates derived from three data assimilative ocean models, at some of the latitudes. Both the observations and models show strong correlations between the strength of MOC and MHT at all the latitudes. The corresponding change in MHT for 1 Sv change of MOC strength, in the observations, increases from 0.046 PW in 25 degrees S, 30 degrees S, and 35 degrees S to 0.056 PW across 20 degrees S. A comparison of model-based transports at 358S at the boundaries and in the interior with those from Argo and SSH shows significant differences between them with respect to the contributions in the three segments of the section. In addition, the contributions also vary greatly between the different models. An analysis of the seasonality of MOC in the models and in the observations reveals that MOC anomalies in the models mostly show strong annual cycles at all the latitudes, whereas those derived from Argo and SSH exhibit annual cycles at three latitudes (35 degrees S, 30 degrees S, and to a lesser extent at 25 degrees S) and a semiannual cycle at 20 degrees S.
C1 [Majumder, Sudip] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Majumder, Sudip; Schmid, Claudia; Halliwell, George] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Majumder, S (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33136 USA.; Majumder, S (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM sudip.majumder@noaa.gov
RI Halliwell, George/B-3046-2011; Majumder, Sudip/A-9712-2017
OI Halliwell, George/0000-0003-4216-070X; Majumder,
Sudip/0000-0002-0431-2189
FU Climate Observation Division, Climate Program Office, Climate Monitoring
Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S.
Department of Commerce; Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;
Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS), a
cooperative institute of the University of Miami; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [NA10OAR432013]; National Ocean
Partnership Program; Office of Naval Research; U.S. Navy
FX This paper was funded by the Climate Observation Division, Climate
Program Office, Climate Monitoring Program, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce and the Atlantic
Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration. This research was also carried out in part
under the auspices of the Cooperative Institute for Marine and
Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS), a cooperative institute of the University
of Miami and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
cooperative agreement NA10OAR432013. The authors would like to thank the
researchers and technicians involved in the Argo project for their
contributions to generating a highquality global sub-surface data set.
The authors would also like to thank Dr. Elizabeth Johns, Dr. Marlos
Goes, and Dr. Will Hobbs for their useful suggestions and comments. Argo
data were obtained from the Global Data Assembly Centre (Argo GDAC,
http://dx.doi.org/10.12770/71b7b0ed-1e3a-4ebc-8e3b-b5b363112f2a.
Altimeter products were produced by Ssalto/ Duacs and distributed by
AVISO, with support from Cnes (http://www.aviso.altimetry.fr/ducas/).
Funding for the development of HYCOM has been provided by the National
Ocean Partnership Program and the Office of Naval Research. Data
assimilative products using HYCOM are funded by the U.S. Navy. Computer
time was made available by the DOD High performance Computing
Modernization Program. The output is publicly available at
http://hycom.org. NCEP reanalysis data (provided by NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD,
Boulder, Colorado, USA) were obtained from
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/.
NR 47
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U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 5622
EP 5638
DI 10.1002/2016JC011693
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA EA8TU
UT WOS:000386912700014
ER
PT J
AU Stern, AA
Adcroft, A
Sergienko, O
AF Stern, A. A.
Adcroft, A.
Sergienko, O.
TI The effects of Antarctic iceberg calving- size distribution in a global
climate model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID SHELF-OCEAN INTERACTION; FILCHNER ICE SHELF; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SEA-ICE;
SIMULATION CHARACTERISTICS; INTERACTIVE ICEBERGS; FRESH-WATER; WEDDELL
SEA; PART I; SYSTEM
AB Icebergs calved from the Antarctic continent act as moving sources of freshwater while drifting in the Southern Ocean. The lifespan of these icebergs strongly depends on their original size during calving. In order to investigate the effects (if any) of the calving size of icebergs on the Southern Ocean, we use a coupled general circulation model with an iceberg component. Iceberg calving length is varied from 62 m up to 2.3 km, which is the typical range used in climate models. Results show that increasing the size of calving icebergs leads to an increase in the westward iceberg freshwater transport around Antarctica. In simulations using larger icebergs, the reduced availability of meltwater in the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas suppresses the sea-ice growth in the region. In contrast, the increased iceberg freshwater transport leads to increased sea-ice growth around much of the East Antarctic coastline. These results suggest that the absence of large tabular icebergs with horizontal extent of tens of kilometers in climate models may introduces systematic biases in sea-ice formation, ocean temperatures, and salinities around Antarctica.
C1 [Stern, A. A.; Adcroft, A.; Sergienko, O.] Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Stern, AA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM stemalon@gmail.com
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of
Commerce [NA08OAR4320752, NA13OAR439]
FX This study is supported by awards NA08OAR4320752 and NA13OAR439 from the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of
Commerce. We would like to acknowledge the contributions of the editor
and two anonymous reviewers who provided many useful suggestions during
the review process. The statements, findings, conclusions, and
recommendations are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect
the views of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or the
U.S. Department of Commerce. The results of this study will be available
at NSIDC (www.nsidc.org).
NR 42
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U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 5773
EP 5788
DI 10.1002/2016JC011835
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA EA8TU
UT WOS:000386912700023
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LP
Delworth, TL
AF Zhang, Liping
Delworth, Thomas L.
TI Impact of the Antarctic bottom water formation on the Weddell Gyre and
its northward propagation characteristics in GFDL CM2.1 model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID PACIFIC DECADAL OSCILLATION; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; FRESH-WATER; CLIMATE MODEL;
SCOTIA SEA; DEEP-WATER; CIRCULATION; VARIABILITY; ATLANTIC; MECHANISMS
AB The impact of Antarctic bottom water (AABW) formation on the Weddell Gyre and its northward propagation characteristics are studied using a 4000 year long control run of the GFDL CM2.1 model as well as sensitivity experiments. In the control run, the AABW cell and Weddell Gyre are highly correlated when the AABW cell leads the Weddell Gyre by several years, with an enhanced AABW cell corresponding to a strengthened Weddell Gyre and vice versa. An additional sensitivity experiment shows that the response of the Weddell Gyre to AABW cell changes is primarily attributed to interactions between the AABW outflow and ocean topography, instead of the surface wind stress curl and freshwater anomalies. As the AABW flows northward, it encounters topography with steep slopes that induce strong downwelling and negative bottom vortex stretching. The anomalous negative bottom vortex stretching induces a cyclonic barotropic stream function over the Weddell Sea, thus leading to an enhanced Weddell Gyre. The AABW cell variations in the control run have significant meridional coherence in density space. Using passive dye tracers, it is found that the slow propagation of AABW cell anomalies south of 35 degrees S corresponds to the slow tracer advection time scale. The dye tracers escape the Weddell Sea through the western limb of the Weddell Gyre and then go northwestward to the Argentine Basin through South Sandwich Trench and Georgia Basin. This slow advection by deep ocean currents determines the AABW cell propagation speed south of 35 degrees S. North of 35 degrees S the propagation speed is determined both by advection in the deep western boundary current and through Kelvin waves.
C1 [Zhang, Liping] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Zhang, Liping; Delworth, Thomas L.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Zhang, LP (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.; Zhang, LP (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM Liping.Zhang@noaa.gov
NR 34
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 5825
EP 5846
DI 10.1002/2016JC011790
PG 22
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA EA8TU
UT WOS:000386912700026
ER
PT J
AU McClatchie, S
Thompson, AR
Alin, SR
Siedlecki, S
Watson, W
Bograd, SJ
AF McClatchie, Sam
Thompson, Andrew R.
Alin, Simone R.
Siedlecki, Samantha
Watson, William
Bograd, Steven J.
TI The influence of Pacific Equatorial Water on fish diversity in the
southern California Current System
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-TERM TRENDS; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; TIME-SERIES; VARIABILITY;
POPULATIONS; REGION; LARVAE; SHELF
AB The California Undercurrent transports Pacific Equatorial Water (PEW) into the Southern California Bight from the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. PEW is characterized by higher temperatures and salinities, with lower pH, representing a source of potentially corrosive (aragonite, Omega < 1) water to the region. We use ichthyoplankton assemblages near the cores of the California Current and the California Undercurrent to determine whether PEW influenced fish diversity. We use hydrographic data to characterize the interannual and seasonal variability of estimated pH and aragonite saturation with depth. Although there is substantial variability in PEW presence as measured by spice on the 26.25-26.75 isopycnal layer, as well as in pH and aragonite saturation, we found fish diversity to be stable over the decades 1985-1996 and 1999-2011. We detected significant difference in species structure during the 1998 La Nina period, due to reduced species evenness. Species richness due to rare species was higher during the 1997/1998 El Nino compared to the La Nina but the effect on species structure was undetectable. Lack of difference in the species abundance structure in the decade before and after the 1997/1999 ENSO event showed that the assemblage reverted to its former structure following the ENSO perturbation, indicating resilience. While the interdecadal species structure remained stable, the long tail of the distributions shows that species richness increased between the decades consistent with intrusion of warm water with more diverse assemblages into the southern California region.
C1 [McClatchie, Sam; Thompson, Andrew R.; Watson, William] NOAA Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resources Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Alin, Simone R.] NOAA Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
[Siedlecki, Samantha] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Bograd, Steven J.] NOAA Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Div Environm Res, Monterey, CA USA.
RP McClatchie, S (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resources Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM sam.mcclatchie@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); NOAA; Pacific
Marine Environmental Laboratory
FX Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries
Investigations (CalCOFI) and Fisheries and The Environment (FATE)
programs, by a grant from the NOAA Ocean Acidification program, and by
the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. This is NOAA PMEL
contribution number 4407. We are grateful to Toby Garfield and Richard
Feely for sharing their insights on our analyses, and to Paul Fiedler
for an internal NOAA review. We thank two anonymous reviewers whose
comments improved our manuscript. Data used are publicly available
through NOAA ERDDAP in the CalCOFI program data tables
(http://coastwatch.pfeg.noaa.gov/erddap/index.html).
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 6121
EP 6136
DI 10.1002/2016JC011672
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA EA8TU
UT WOS:000386912700044
ER
PT J
AU Andrews, AH
Asami, R
Iryu, Y
Kobayashi, DR
Camacho, F
AF Andrews, Allen H.
Asami, Ryuji
Iryu, Yasufumi
Kobayashi, Donald R.
Camacho, Frank
TI Bomb-produced radiocarbon in the western tropical Pacific Ocean: Guam
coral reveals operation-specific signals from the Pacific Proving
Grounds
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID INDIAN-OCEAN; RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT; NORTH-PACIFIC; C-14 DATA; WATER;
THROUGHFLOW; CIRCULATION; OTOLITHS; RECORD; GROWTH
AB High-resolution radiocarbon (C-14) analyses on a coral core extracted from Guam, a western tropical Pacific island, revealed a series of early bomb-produced C-14 spikes. The typical marine bomb C-14 signal-phase lagged and attenuated relative to atmospheric records-is present in the coral and is consistent with other regional coral records. However, C-14 levels well above what can be attributed to air-sea diffusion alone punctuate this pattern. This anomaly was observed in other Indo-Pacific coral records, but the Guam record is unmatched in magnitude and temporal resolution. The Guam coral Delta C-14 record provided three spikes in 1954-1955, 1956-1957, and 1958-1959 that are superimposed on a normal C-14 record. Relative to mean prebomb levels, the first peak rises an incredible similar to 700 parts per thousand and remained elevated for similar to 1.2 years. A follow up assay with finer resolution increased the peak by similar to 300 parts per thousand. Subsequent spikes were less intense with a rise of similar to 35 and similar to 70 parts per thousand. Each can be linked to thermonuclear testing in the Pacific Proving Grounds at Bikini and Enewetak atolls in Operations Castle (1954), Redwing (1956), and Hardtack I (1958). These C-14 signals can be explained by vaporization of coral reef material in the nuclear fireball, coupled with neutron activation of atmospheric nitrogen (C-14 production), and subsequent absorption of (CO2)-C-14 to form particulate carbonates of close-in fallout. The lag time in reaching Guam and other coral records abroad was tied to ocean surface currents and modeling provided validation of C-14 arrival observations.
C1 [Andrews, Allen H.; Kobayashi, Donald R.] NOAA Fisheries Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Asami, Ryuji] Univ Ryukyus, Fac Sci, Dept Phys & Earth Sci, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan.
[Iryu, Yasufumi] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Inst Geol & Paleontol, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
[Camacho, Frank] Univ Guam, Coll Nat & Appl Sci, Biol Program, Mangilao, GU USA.
RP Andrews, AH (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
EM Allen.Andrews@noaa.gov
FU NMFS Saltonstall Kennedy program [NA14NMF4270056]; JSPS KAKENHI
[26707028, 26550012, 25247083]
FX Thank you to S. Kawakami, T. Matsumori, S. Tamashiro, and M. Tsuchiya
for assistance with milling extractions at the University of the
Ryukyus, Okinawa. Thank you to D. Glynn and E. R. M. Druffel for sharing
details of the Palau coral 14C data. Special thanks to K.
Elder and A. McNichol at NOSAMS for timely processing of the extensive
number of 14C samples used in this study. Thank you to B.
Barnett of Panama City Laboratory (NOAA Fisheries, SEFSC) for assistance
with constructing the regional base-map of the central and western
tropical Pacific in ArcView. Thank you to J. Potemra and N. Fuckar for
assistance with the SODA data profiling. Thank you to E. R. M. Druffel
and J. R. Toggweiler for reviewing the manuscript and providing
constructive comments. Supporting data are included in the associated
Supporting Information file and measured carbon isotope data are
available at the National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS,
NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce;
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/20346). This study was partly
supported by the NMFS Saltonstall Kennedy program (NA14NMF4270056 to F.
Camacho and A. Andrews) and the JSPS KAKENHI (26707028 and 26550012 to
R. Asami, and 25247083 to Y. Iryu). Dedicated to the late Uncle Frank G.
Andrews for his lifetime of inspiration.
NR 68
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 6351
EP 6366
DI 10.1002/2016JC012043
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA EA8TU
UT WOS:000386912700056
ER
PT J
AU Del'Haye, P
Coillet, A
Fortier, T
Beha, K
Cole, DC
Yang, KY
Lee, H
Vahala, KJ
Papp, SB
Diddams, SA
AF Del'Haye, Pascal
Coillet, Aurelien
Fortier, Tara
Beha, Katja
Cole, Daniel C.
Yang, Ki Youl
Lee, Hansuek
Vahala, Kerry J.
Papp, Scott B.
Diddams, Scott A.
TI Phase-coherent microwave-to-optical link with a self-referenced
microcomb
SO NATURE PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MICRORESONATOR FREQUENCY COMBS; CHIP; GENERATION; DISPERSION; RESONATOR;
STABILIZATION
AB Precise measurements of the frequencies of light waves have become common with mode-locked laser frequency combs(1). Despite their huge success, optical frequency combs currently remain bulky and expensive laboratory devices. Integrated photonic microresonators are promising candidates for comb generators in out-of-the-lab applications, with the potential for reductions in cost, power consumption and size(2). Such advances will significantly impact fields ranging from spectroscopy and trace gas sensing(3) to astronomy(4), communications(5) and atomic time-keeping(6,7). Yet, in spite of the remarkable progress shown over recent years(8-10), microresonator frequency combs ('microcombs') have been without the key function of direct f-2f self-referencing(1), which enables precise determination of the absolute frequency of each comb line. Here, we realize this missing element using a 16.4 GHz microcomb that is coherently broadened to an octave-spanning spectrum and subsequently fully phase-stabilized to an atomic clock. We show phase-coherent control of the comb and demonstrate its low-noise operation.
C1 [Del'Haye, Pascal] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Del'Haye, Pascal; Coillet, Aurelien; Fortier, Tara; Beha, Katja; Cole, Daniel C.; Papp, Scott B.; Diddams, Scott A.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Yang, Ki Youl; Lee, Hansuek; Vahala, Kerry J.] CALTECH, TJ Watson Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Coillet, Aurelien] CNRS, UMR 6303, Lab Interdisciplinaire Carnot Bourgogne, 9 Ave Alain Savary, F-21078 Dijon, France.
[Lee, Hansuek] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Grad Sch Nanosci & Technol, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
RP Del'Haye, P (reprint author), Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.; Del'Haye, P; Diddams, SA (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM pascal.delhaye@npl.co.uk; scott.diddams@nist.gov
OI Yang, Ki Youl/0000-0002-0587-3201
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology; National Physical
Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency Quantum-Assisted Sensing and Readout programme;
Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Aeronautics and Space
Administration; Humboldt Foundation; National Science Foundation
Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE 1144083]
FX This work is supported by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, the National Physical Laboratory, the California Institute
of Technology, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
Quantum-Assisted Sensing and Readout programme, the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research and the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration. P.D. acknowledges support from the Humboldt Foundation.
D.C.C. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation
Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant no. DGE 1144083.
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 11
U2 11
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1749-4885
EI 1749-4893
J9 NAT PHOTONICS
JI Nat. Photonics
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 10
IS 8
BP 516
EP 520
DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2016.105
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA EA6BF
UT WOS:000386709000008
ER
PT J
AU Ryan, DF
Dominique, M
Seaton, D
Stegen, K
White, A
AF Ryan, D. F.
Dominique, M.
Seaton, D.
Stegen, K.
White, A.
TI Effects of flare definitions on the statistics of derived flare
distributions
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE methods: statistical; methods: data analysis; Sun: flares; Sun: X-rays,
gamma rays; Sun: corona
ID SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY; 3 SOLAR-CYCLES; X-RAY FLARES; ACTIVE-REGION;
QUIET SUN; FREQUENCY-DISTRIBUTIONS; TRANSIENT BRIGHTENINGS;
ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; GLOBAL ENERGETICS; CORONAL LOOPS
AB The statistical examination of solar flares is crucial to revealing their global characteristics and behaviour. Such examinations can tackle large-scale science questions or give context to detailed single-event studies. However, they are often performed using standard but basic flare detection algorithms relying on arbitrary thresholds. This arbitrariness may lead to important scientific conclusions being drawn from results caused by subjective choices in algorithms rather than the true nature of the Sun. In this paper, we explore the effect of the arbitrary thresholds used in the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) event list and Large Yield RAdiometer (LYRA) Flare Finder algorithms. We find that there is a small but significant relationship between the power law exponent of the GOES flare peak flux frequency distribution and the flare start thresholds of the algorithms. We also find that the power law exponents of these distributions are not stable, but appear to steepen with increasing peak flux. This implies that the observed flare size distribution may not be a power law at all. We show that depending on the true value of the exponent of the flare size distribution, this deviation from a power law may be due to flares missed by the flare detection algorithms. However, it is not possible determine the true exponent from GOES/XRS observations. Additionally we find that the PROBA2/LYRA flare size distributions are artificially steep and clearly non-power law. We show that this is consistent with an insufficient degradation correction. This means that PROBA2/LYRA should not be used for flare statistics or energetics unless degradation is adequately accounted for. However, it can be used to study variations over shorter timescales and for space weather monitoring.
C1 [Ryan, D. F.; Dominique, M.; Seaton, D.; Stegen, K.] Royal Observ Belgium, SIDC, Solar Terr Ctr Excellence, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.
[Ryan, D. F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Seaton, D.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Seaton, D.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Boulder, CO USA.
[White, A.] Trinity Coll Dublin, OReilly Inst, Sch Comp Sci & Stat, Dublin 2, Ireland.
RP Ryan, DF (reprint author), Royal Observ Belgium, SIDC, Solar Terr Ctr Excellence, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.; Ryan, DF (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM ryand5@tcd.ie
OI White, Arthur/0000-0002-7268-5163
FU Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence; SIDC Data Exploitation project;
Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme; Belgian Science Policy
Office [IAP P7/08 CHARM]; PRODEX [4000103240]; European Union [284461];
STATICA project - Principal Investigator programme of Science Foundation
Ireland [08/IN.1/I1879]; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO);
Swiss Bundesamt fur Bildung and Wissenschaft
FX The authors would like to thank Ingolf Dammasch for his helpful
discussions. D. Ryan wishes to thank the Solar-Terrestrial Centre of
Excellence and the SIDC Data Exploitation project for their financial
support. M. Dominique's work has been funded by the Interuniversity
Attraction Poles Programme initiated by the Belgian Science Policy
Office (IAP P7/08 CHARM). Support for D. Seaton was provided by PRODEX
grant No. 4000103240 managed by the European Space Agency in
collaboration with the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) in
support of the PROBA2/SWAP mission and by the European Union's Seventh
Framework Programme for Research, Technological Development and
Demonstration under grant agreement No. 284461 (Project eHeroes,
www.eheroes.eu). A. White has been supported by the STATICA project,
funded by the Principal Investigator programme of Science Foundation
Ireland, contract number 08/IN.1/I1879. LYRA is a project of the Centre
Spatial de Liege, the Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos
and the Royal Observatory of Belgium funded by the Belgian Federal
Science Policy Office (BELSPO) and by the Swiss Bundesamt fur Bildung
and Wissenschaft. This research has made use of SunPy, an open-source
and free community-developed solar data analysis package written in
Python (SunPy Community et al. 2015).
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1432-0746
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 592
AR A133
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201628130
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DX9NO
UT WOS:000384722600082
ER
PT J
AU Constantino, PJ
Bush, MB
Barani, A
Lawn, BR
AF Constantino, Paul J.
Bush, Mark B.
Barani, Amir
Lawn, Brian R.
TI On the evolutionary advantage of multi-cusped teeth
SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
LA English
DT Article
DE contact mechanics; fracture; dental morphology; dental evolution;
mammalian origins
ID ENAMEL THICKNESS; DENTAL MICROWEAR; MAMMALIAN TEETH; TOOTH BREAKAGE;
BITE FORCES; FRACTURE; WEAR; DIET; ADAPTATION; MORPHOLOGY
AB A hallmark of mammalian evolution is a progressive complexity in postcanine tooth morphology. However, the driving force for this complexity remains unclear: whether to expand the versatility in diet source, or to bolster tooth structural integrity. In this study, we take a quantitative approach to this question by examining the roles of number, position and height of multiple cusps in determining sustainable bite forces. Our approach is to use an extended finite-element methodology with due provision for step-by-step growth of an embedded crack to determine how fracture progresses with increasing occlusal load. We argue that multi-cusp postcanine teeth are well configured to withstand high bite forces provided that multiple cusps are contacted simultaneously to share the load. However, contact on a single near-wall cusp diminishes the strength. Location of the load points and cusp height, rather than cusp number or radius, are principal governing factors. Given these findings, we conclude that while complex tooth structures can enhance durability, increases in cusp number are more likely to be driven by the demands of food manipulation. Structural integrity of complex teeth is maintained when individual cusps remain sufficiently distant from the side walls and do not become excessively tall relative to tooth width.
C1 [Constantino, Paul J.] St Michaels Coll, Dept Biol, Colchester, VT 05439 USA.
[Bush, Mark B.; Barani, Amir] Univ Western Australia, Sch Mech & Chem Engn, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Lawn, Brian R.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Constantino, PJ (reprint author), St Michaels Coll, Dept Biol, Colchester, VT 05439 USA.
EM paulconstantino@gmail.com
FU Australian Research Council [DP130101472]
FX This study was supported by the Australian Research Council
(DP130101472).
NR 65
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1742-5689
EI 1742-5662
J9 J R SOC INTERFACE
JI J. R. Soc. Interface
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 13
IS 121
AR 20160374
DI 10.1098/rsif.2016.0374
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DZ6SU
UT WOS:000385993000004
ER
PT J
AU Yan, D
Zhang, XY
Yu, YY
Guo, W
Hanan, NP
AF Yan, Dong
Zhang, Xiaoyang
Yu, Yunyue
Guo, Wei
Hanan, Niall P.
TI Characterizing land surface phenology and responses to rainfall in the
Sahara desert
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID FORESTS GREEN-UP; VEGETATION PHENOLOGY; LOCUST HABITAT; TIME-SERIES;
AFRICA; PRECIPITATION; NDVI; VARIABILITY; MODIS; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Land surface phenology (LSP) in the Sahara desert is poorly understood due to the difficulty in detecting subtle variations in vegetation greenness. This study examined the spatial and temporal patterns of LSP and its responses to rainfall seasonality in the Sahara desert. We first generated daily two-band enhanced vegetation index (EVI2) from half-hourly observations acquired by the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager on board the Meteosat Second Generation series of geostationary satellites from 2006 to 2012. The EVI2 time series was used to retrieve LSP based on the Hybrid Piecewise Logistic Model. We further investigated the associations of spatial and temporal patterns in LSP with those in rainfall seasonality derived from the daily rainfall time series of the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission. Results show that the spatial shifts in the start of the vegetation growing season generally follow the rainy season onset that is controlled by the summer rainfall regime in the southern Sahara desert. In contrast, the end of the growing season significantly lags the end of the rainy season without any significant dependence. Vegetation growing season can unfold during the dry seasons after onset is triggered during rainy seasons. Vegetation growing season can be as long as 300 days or more in some areas and years. However, the EVI2 amplitude and accumulation across the Sahara region was very low indicating sparse vegetation as expected in desert regions. EVI2 amplitude and accumulated EVI2 strongly depended on rainfall received during the growing season and the preceding dormancy period.
C1 [Yan, Dong; Zhang, Xiaoyang; Hanan, Niall P.] South Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Zhang, Xiaoyang] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Geog, Brookings, SD USA.
[Yu, Yunyue] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Guo, Wei] IMSG, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Yan, D (reprint author), South Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM dong.yan@sdstate.edu
RI Guo, Wei/E-7934-2011; Yu, Yunyue/F-5636-2010;
OI Guo, Wei/0000-0003-3253-9441; Hanan, Niall/0000-0002-9130-5306
FU NOAA GOES-R Risk Reduction Project GOES-R3 [250]; NOAA [JPSS_PGRR2_14];
NASA [NNX15AB96A]
FX Xiaoyang Zhang acknowledged the supports from the NOAA GOES-R Risk
Reduction Project GOES-R3#250, the NOAA contract JPSS_PGRR2_14, and NASA
contracts NNX15AB96A. Any data used in this manuscript can be accessed
by contacting the corresponding author. Felix Kogan at NOAA is thanked
for his comments on the manuscript.
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 2243
EP 2260
DI 10.1002/2016JG003441
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA DZ2ZP
UT WOS:000385712400017
ER
PT J
AU LaFranchi, BW
McFarlane, KJ
Miller, JB
Lehman, SJ
Phillips, CL
Andrews, AE
Tans, PP
Chen, H
Liu, Z
Turnbull, JC
Xu, X
Guilderson, TP
AF LaFranchi, B. W.
McFarlane, K. J.
Miller, J. B.
Lehman, S. J.
Phillips, C. L.
Andrews, A. E.
Tans, P. P.
Chen, H.
Liu, Z.
Turnbull, J. C.
Xu, X.
Guilderson, T. P.
TI Strong regional atmospheric C-14 signature of respired CO2 observed from
a tall tower over the midwestern United States
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; FOSSIL-FUEL CO2; PARTICLE DISPERSION MODEL; NET
PRIMARY PRODUCTION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; BOREAL FOREST; RADIOCARBON
MEASUREMENTS; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE; TEMPERATE
FOREST
AB Radiocarbon in CO2 ((CO2)-C-14) measurements can aid in discriminating between fast (< 1 year) and slower (> 5-10 years) cycling of C between the atmosphere and the terrestrial biosphere due to the 14C disequilibrium between atmospheric and terrestrial C. However, (CO2)-C-14 in the atmosphere is typically much more strongly impacted by fossil fuel emissions of CO2, and, thus, observations often provide little additional constraints on respiratory flux estimates at regional scales. Here we describe a data set of (CO2)-C-14 observations from a tall tower in northern Wisconsin (USA) where fossil fuel influence is far enough removed that during the summer months, the biospheric component of the (CO2)-C-14 budget dominates. We find that the terrestrial biosphere is responsible for a significant contribution to (CO2)-C-14 that is 2-3 times higher than predicted by the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach terrestrial ecosystem model for observations made in 2010. This likely includes a substantial contribution from the North American boreal ecoregion, but transported biospheric emissions from outside the model domain cannot be ruled out. The (CO2)-C-14 enhancement also appears somewhat decreased in observations made over subsequent years, suggesting that 2010 may be anomalous. With these caveats acknowledged, we discuss the implications of the observation/ model comparison in terms of possible systematic biases in the model versus short-term anomalies in the observations. Going forward, this isotopic signal could be exploited as an important indicator to better constrain both the long-term carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems and the short-term impact of disturbance-based loss of carbon to the atmosphere.
C1 [LaFranchi, B. W.; McFarlane, K. J.; Phillips, C. L.; Guilderson, T. P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[LaFranchi, B. W.; Liu, Z.] Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Miller, J. B.; Andrews, A. E.; Tans, P. P.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Miller, J. B.; Chen, H.; Turnbull, J. C.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Lehman, S. J.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO USA.
[Phillips, C. L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crops & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Chen, H.] Univ Groningen, Ctr Isotope Res, Energy & Sustainabil Res Inst Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
[Liu, Z.] Ramboll Environ US Corp, Novato, CA USA.
[Turnbull, J. C.] Natl Isotope Ctr, GNS Sci, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
[Xu, X.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
RP LaFranchi, BW (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.; LaFranchi, BW (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Combust Res Facil, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
EM bwlafra@sandia.gov
RI Chen, Huilin/J-9479-2012; Liu, Zhen/C-3027-2011
OI Chen, Huilin/0000-0002-1573-6673;
FU United States Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[LDRD 11-ERD-053]; US DOE Office of Science (DOE-OS-OBER-TES project)
[SCW1447]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at
Sandia National Laboratories; United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration [DEAC04-94AL85000]
FX The LEF tower data used in this study can be found at
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/iadv/. This work was performed under the
auspices of the United States Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, with support from
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LDRD 11-ERD-053) and US DOE
Office of Science (DOE-OS-OBER-TES project SCW1447). Measurements at LEF
and NWR are supported in part by the NOAA ESRL Global Monitoring
Division with additional assistance from the NOAA Climate Program
Offices Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle and Climate program. Z.L.
was supported under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development
program at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a multiprogram
laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company,
for the United States Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security
Administration under contract DEAC04-94AL85000. We thank the Sandia High
Performance Computing Program for their support in running FLEXPART-WRF.
Assistance in radiocarbon sample preparation was provided by Paula
Zermeno (CAMS), Shane Bradshaw (CAMS), Caroline Stitt (CAMS), Chad Wolak
(INSTAAR), Patrick Cappa (INSTAAR), and Stephen Morgan (INSTAAR). The
authors would also like to acknowledge Heather Graven for her useful
suggestions during the preparation of this manuscript. We thank both
anonymous reviewers for their very constructive criticism and feedback
on our manuscript. Data are available at
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/iadv/.
NR 77
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 2275
EP 2295
DI 10.1002/2015JG003271
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA DZ2ZP
UT WOS:000385712400016
ER
PT J
AU Korth, H
Strohbehn, K
Tejada, F
Andreou, AG
Kitching, J
Knappe, S
Lehtonen, SJ
London, SM
Kafel, M
AF Korth, Haje
Strohbehn, Kim
Tejada, Francisco
Andreou, Andreas G.
Kitching, John
Knappe, Svenja
Lehtonen, S. John
London, Shaughn M.
Kafel, Matiwos
TI Miniature atomic scalar magnetometer for space based on the rubidium
isotope Rb-87
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ON-SAPPHIRE CMOS; FREQUENCY STABILITY; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; VAPOR CELLS;
JUPITER; MISSION; HELIUM
AB A miniature atomic scalar magnetometer based on the rubidium isotope Rb-87 was developed for operation in space. The instrument design implements both M-x and M-z mode operation and leverages a novel microelectromechanical system (MEMS) fabricated vapor cell and a custom silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit. The vapor cell has a volume of only 1 mm(3) so that it can be efficiently heated to its operating temperature by a specially designed, low-magnetic-field-generating resistive heater implemented in multiple metal layers of the transparent sapphire substrate of the SOS-CMOS chips. The SOS-CMOS chip also hosts the Helmholtz coil and associated circuitry to stimulate the magnetically sensitive atomic resonance and temperature sensors. The prototype instrument has a total mass of fewer than 500 g and uses less than 1 W of power, while maintaining a sensitivity of 15 pT/root Hz at 1 Hz, comparable to present state-of-the-art absolute magnetometers.
C1 [Korth, Haje; Strohbehn, Kim; Lehtonen, S. John; London, Shaughn M.; Kafel, Matiwos] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Tejada, Francisco; Andreou, Andreas G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Kitching, John; Knappe, Svenja] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Korth, H (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM haje.korth@jhuapl.edu
FU Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Internal Research
and Development Program; National Aeronautics and Space Administration
through Science Mission Directorate [NNX14AK45G]
FX This work was supported by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics
Laboratory Internal Research and Development Program and by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant agreement NNX14AK45G
issued through the Science Mission Directorate. The data presented in
the Figures 6-8 are included in the supporting information for this
manuscript.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 7870
EP 7880
DI 10.1002/2016JA022389
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DZ4EQ
UT WOS:000385811500039
PM 27774373
ER
PT J
AU Bracken, C
Rajagopalan, B
Cheng, L
Kleiber, W
Gangopadhyay, S
AF Bracken, C.
Rajagopalan, B.
Cheng, L.
Kleiber, W.
Gangopadhyay, S.
TI Spatial Bayesian hierarchical modeling of precipitation extremes over a
large domain
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE spatial extremes; composite likelihood; Gaussian copula; Bayesian; large
domain; precipitation extremes
ID REGIONAL FREQUENCY-ANALYSIS; RUNOFF EXTREMES; LIKELIHOOD; INFERENCE;
DEPENDENCE
AB We propose a Bayesian hierarchical model for spatial extremes on a large domain. In the data layer a Gaussian elliptical copula having generalized extreme value (GEV) marginals is applied. Spatial dependence in the GEV parameters is captured with a latent spatial regression with spatially varying coefficients. Using a composite likelihood approach, we are able to efficiently incorporate a large precipitation data set, which includes stations with missing data. The model is demonstrated by application to fall precipitation extremes at approximately 2600 stations covering the western United States, -125 degrees E to -100 degrees E longitude and 30 degrees N-50 degrees N latitude. The hierarchical model provides GEV parameters on a 1/8 degrees grid and, consequently, maps of return levels and associated uncertainty. The model results indicate that return levels and their associated uncertainty have a well-defined spatial structure. Maps of return levels provide information about the spatial variations of the risk of extreme precipitation in the western US and is expected to be useful for infrastructure planning.
C1 [Bracken, C.; Rajagopalan, B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bracken, C.; Gangopadhyay, S.] US Bur Reclamat, Tech Serv Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Rajagopalan, B.; Cheng, L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cheng, L.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Kleiber, W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Appl Math, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Bracken, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Bracken, C (reprint author), US Bur Reclamat, Tech Serv Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM cameron.bracken@colorado.edu
FU Bureau of Reclamation; NSF [DMS-1406536]; National Science Foundation
[CNS-0821794]; University of Colorado Boulder
FX Funding for this research by a Science and Technology grant from Bureau
of Reclamation is gratefully acknowledged. Kleiber's portion was
supported by NSF DMS-1406536. This work utilized the Janus
supercomputer, which is supported by the National Science Foundation
(award CNS-0821794) and the University of Colorado Boulder. The Janus
supercomputer is a joint effort of the University of Colorado Boulder,
the University of Colorado Denver, and the National Center for
Atmospheric Research. The authors are thankful for support from the
Janus supercomputer staff at the University of Colorado. Pre- and
postprocesseing analysis was conducted using the R language [R Core
Team, 2014]. Data are available at:
http://bechtel.colorado.edu/bracken/spatial_extremes/data/.
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 8
BP 6643
EP 6655
DI 10.1002/2016WR018768
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA DW5KT
UT WOS:000383684400054
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, MW
Li, T
Davis, CS
Yao, YG
Dai, JQ
Wang, YB
AlQatari, F
Gilman, JW
Hu, LB
AF Zhu, Mingwei
Li, Tian
Davis, Chelsea S.
Yao, Yonggang
Dai, Jiaqi
Wang, Yanbin
AlQatari, Feras
Gilman, Jeffrey W.
Hu, Liangbing
TI Transparent and haze wood composites for highly efficient broadband
light management in solar cells
SO NANO ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Transparent wood; Optical haze; Light scattering; Broadband; Solar
cells; Green substrates
ID CURRENT INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH; WHISPERING-GALLERY MODES; FLEXIBLE
ELECTRONICS; NANOSTRUCTURED PAPER; CONDUCTIVE PAPER; CELLULOSE; FIBERS;
FILMS; WALL; ENHANCEMENT
AB Highly efficient broadband light management to enhance the light trapping inside active layer is critical for many energy conversion devices such as thin film solar cells and photoelectrochemical cells. In this work, we demonstrate highly transparent, mesoporous wood composite via fast extraction of lignin along naturally formed low tortuosity channels followed by fast filling of polymers. The transparent wood displays a high optical transmittance and at the same time a high haze in a broad wavelength range between 400 nm and 1100 nm. With such unique optical properties, the transparent wood composite with cellulose nanofibers can be utilized for a range of optoelectronics, especially for solar cells and wide-angle lighting where light management is crucial to enhance device operation efficiency. We demonstrate that the newly developed transparent wood composite can function as a broad range light management layer and substantially improve the overall energy conversion efficiency by as much as 18% when simply coated with a GaAs thin film solar cell. Our research on wood based light management material provides an attractive platform for future development embracing green, disposable optoelectronic devices with efficient light management. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhu, Mingwei; Li, Tian; Yao, Yonggang; Dai, Jiaqi; Wang, Yanbin; AlQatari, Feras; Hu, Liangbing] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Davis, Chelsea S.; Gilman, Jeffrey W.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hu, LB (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM binghu@umd.edu
RI Hu, Liangbing/N-6660-2013
FU 3M Non-tenured Faculty Award; Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(AFOSR) Young Investigator Program [FA95501310143]
FX L.H. acknowledges financial support by 3M Non-tenured Faculty Award and
Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Young Investigator
Program FA95501310143.
NR 51
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 33
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2211-2855
EI 2211-3282
J9 NANO ENERGY
JI Nano Energy
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 26
BP 332
EP 339
DI 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.05.020
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA DY2FO
UT WOS:000384908700040
ER
PT J
AU Dols, WS
Emmerich, SJ
Polidoro, BJ
AF Dols, W. Stuart
Emmerich, Steven J.
Polidoro, Brian J.
TI Coupling the multizone airflow and contaminant transport software CONTAM
with EnergyPlus using co-simulation
SO BUILDING SIMULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE building simulation; co-simulation; CONTAM; coupled thermal, airflow and
contaminant modeling; EnergyPlus; multizone modeling
ID NATURAL VENTILATION; BUILDING ENERGY; QUALITY; PROGRAM
AB Building modelers need simulation tools capable of simultaneously considering building energy use, airflow and indoor air quality (IAQ) to design and evaluate the ability of buildings and their systems to meet today's demanding energy efficiency and IAQ performance requirements. CONTAM is a widely-used multizone building airflow and contaminant transport simulation tool that requires indoor temperatures as input values. EnergyPlus is a prominent whole-building energy simulation program capable of performing heat transfer calculations that require interzone and infiltration airflows as input values. On their own, each tool is limited in its ability to account for thermal processes upon which building airflow may be significantly dependent and vice versa. This paper describes the initial phase of coupling of CONTAM with EnergyPlus to capture the interdependencies between airflow and heat transfer using co-simulation that allows for sharing of data between independently executing simulation tools. The coupling is accomplished based on the Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) for Co-simulation specification that provides for integration between independently developed tools. A three-zone combined heat transfer/airflow analytical BESTEST case was simulated to verify the co-simulation is functioning as expected, and an investigation of a two-zone, natural ventilation case designed to challenge the coupled thermal/airflow solution methods was performed.
C1 [Dols, W. Stuart; Emmerich, Steven J.; Polidoro, Brian J.] NIST, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dols, WS (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM william.dols@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 8
U2 8
PU TSINGHUA UNIV PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA TSINGHUA UNIV, RM A703, XUEYAN BLDG, BEIJING, 100084, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1996-3599
EI 1996-8744
J9 BUILD SIMUL-CHINA
JI Build. Simul.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 4
BP 469
EP 479
DI 10.1007/s12273-016-0279-2
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology
GA DW7QJ
UT WOS:000383845800007
PM 27226822
ER
PT J
AU Cicerone, M
AF Cicerone, Marcus
TI Molecular imaging with CARS micro-spectroscopy
SO CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID STOKES-RAMAN SCATTERING; PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBER; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS;
PHASE RETRIEVAL; BREAST-CANCER; IN-VIVO; COHERENT; MICROSPECTROSCOPY;
LASER; DIFFERENTIATION
AB After more than a decade of instrument and method development, broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) micro-spectroscopy is beginning to live up to its potential as a label-free imaging modality that can rapidly generate high resolution images with full vibrational spectra at each image pixel. Presently these instruments are able to obtain quantitative, spatially resolved information on lipids from the CH stretch region of the Raman spectrum, and some instrument designs facilitate acquisition of high quality fingerprint spectra, containing information on a host of molecular species including structural proteins, nucleotides, and metabolites. While most of the existing instruments are research projects themselves, it appears that the relevant technologies are maturing so that commercially available instruments may not be too far in the future, making this remarkable imaging modality widely available.
C1 [Cicerone, Marcus] NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cicerone, M (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM marcus.cicerone@nist.gov
FU NIBIB NIH HHS [P41 EB001046]
NR 58
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 17
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1367-5931
EI 1879-0402
J9 CURR OPIN CHEM BIOL
JI Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 33
BP 179
EP 185
DI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.05.010
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA DW8WW
UT WOS:000383937200025
PM 27400394
ER
PT J
AU Konstantinidis, P
Hilton, EJ
Matarese, AC
AF Konstantinidis, P.
Hilton, E. J.
Matarese, A. C.
TI New records of larval stages of the eel cod genus Muraenolepis Gunther
1880 (Gadiformes: Muraenolepididae) from the western Antarctic Peninsula
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ichthyoplankton; fish larvae; Gadiformes; Southern Ocean
AB Three newly discovered larval specimens of the genus Muraenolepis collected from the waters of the western Antarctic Peninsula are described. Knowledge of their natural history is sparse and information about their early life history is based on only a few larval stages. Here, the available literature on larval eel cods is reviewed, and the specimens placed in context. (C) 2016 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
C1 [Konstantinidis, P.; Hilton, E. J.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Dept Fisheries Sci, 1208 Greate Rd, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Matarese, A. C.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Konstantinidis, P (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Dept Fisheries Sci, 1208 Greate Rd, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
EM peterk@vims.edu
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 89
IS 2
BP 1494
EP 1500
DI 10.1111/jfb.13046
PG 7
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DX3XA
UT WOS:000384309300027
PM 27354338
ER
PT J
AU Konduru, V
Bellur, K
Medici, EF
Allen, JS
Choi, CK
Hussey, DS
Jacobson, D
Leao, JB
McQuillen, J
Hermanson, JC
AF Konduru, Vinaykumar
Bellur, Kishan
Medici, Ezequiel F.
Allen, Jeffrey S.
Choi, Chang Kyoung
Hussey, Daniel S.
Jacobson, David
Leao, Juscelino B.
McQuillen, John
Hermanson, James C.
TI Examining Liquid Hydrogen Wettability Using Neutron Imaging
SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT News Item
C1 [Konduru, Vinaykumar; Bellur, Kishan; Medici, Ezequiel F.; Allen, Jeffrey S.; Choi, Chang Kyoung] Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Hussey, Daniel S.; Jacobson, David; Leao, Juscelino B.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[McQuillen, John] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Hermanson, James C.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Choi, CK (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0022-1481
EI 1528-8943
J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME
JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 138
IS 8
AR 080901
PG 2
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA DW9HC
UT WOS:000383966300003
ER
PT J
AU Newbury, DE
Ritchie, NWM
AF Newbury, Dale E.
Ritchie, Nicholas W. M.
TI Electron-Excited X-Ray Microanalysis at Low Beam Energy: Almost Always
an Adventure!
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE DTSA-II; EDS; microanalysis; SEM; X-ray
ID SPECTROMETRY SEM/SDD-EDS; DRIFT DETECTOR; PRECISION; ACCURACY
AB Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectrometry has been applied to the analysis of various materials at low-incident beam energies, E-0 <= 5 keV, using peak fitting and following the measured standards/matrix corrections protocol embedded in the National Institute of Standards and Technology Desktop Spectrum Analyzer-II analytical software engine. Low beam energy analysis provides improved spatial resolution laterally and in-depth. The lower beam energy restricts the atomic shells that can be ionized, reducing the number of X-ray peak families available to the analyst. At E-0 = 5 keV, all elements of the periodic table except H and He can be measured. As the beam energy is reduced below 5 keV, elements become inaccessible due to lack of excitation of useful characteristic X-ray peaks. The shallow sampling depth of low beam energy microanalysis makes the technique more sensitive to surface compositional modification due to formation of oxides and other reaction layers. Accurate and precise analysis is possible with the use of appropriate standards and by accumulating high count spectra of unknowns and standards (> 1 million counts integrated from 0.1 keV to E-0).
C1 [Newbury, Dale E.; Ritchie, Nicholas W. M.] NIST, Mat Sci Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Newbury, DE (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dale.newbury@nist.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
EI 1435-8115
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 4
BP 735
EP 753
DI 10.1017/S1431927616011521
PG 19
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA DX4CS
UT WOS:000384328000001
PM 27515566
ER
PT J
AU Postek, MT
Vladar, AE
Villarrubia, JS
Muto, A
AF Postek, Michael T.
Vladar, Andras E.
Villarrubia, John S.
Muto, Atsushi
TI Comparison of Electron Imaging Modes for Dimensional Measurements in the
Scanning Electron Microscope
SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE metrology; backscattered electrons; low loss electrons; secondary
electrons; JMONSEL; electron beam modeling
ID ACCELERATING VOLTAGE; PART 1; SEM; METROLOGY; DETECTOR; LIBRARY; TRUTH;
WOULD; TELL
AB Dimensional measurements from secondary electron (SE) images were compared with those from backscattered electron (BSE) and low-loss electron (LLE) images. With the commonly used 50% threshold criterion, the lines consistently appeared larger in the SE images. As the images were acquired simultaneously by an instrument with the capability to operate detectors for both signals at the same time, the differences cannot be explained by the assumption that contamination or drift between images affected the SE, BSE, or LLE images differently. Simulations with JMONSEL, an electron microscope simulator, indicate that the nanometer-scale differences observed on this sample can be explained by the different convolution effects of a beam with finite size on signals with different symmetry (the SE signal's characteristic peak versus the BSE or LLE signal's characteristic step). This effect is too small to explain the >100nm discrepancies that were observed in earlier work on different samples. Additional modeling indicates that those discrepancies can be explained by the much larger sidewall angles of the earlier samples, coupled with the different response of SE versus BSE/LLE profiles to such wall angles.
C1 [Postek, Michael T.; Vladar, Andras E.; Villarrubia, John S.] NIST, Div Engn Phys, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8120, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Muto, Atsushi] Hitachi High Technol Amer Inc, 22610 Gateway Ctr Dr,Suite 100, Clarksburg, MD 20871 USA.
RP Postek, MT (reprint author), NIST, Div Engn Phys, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8120, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM postek@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 5
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 1431-9276
EI 1435-8115
J9 MICROSC MICROANAL
JI Microsc. microanal.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 4
BP 768
EP 777
DI 10.1017/S1431927616011430
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy
SC Materials Science; Microscopy
GA DX4CS
UT WOS:000384328000003
PM 27452278
ER
PT J
AU Boekelheide, Z
Dennis, CL
AF Boekelheide, Z.
Dennis, C. L.
TI Artifacts in magnetic measurements of fluid samples
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOPARTICLES; MAGNETOMETER; FERROFLUIDS; PARTICLES; STABILITY; FIELD
AB Applications of magnetic fluids are ever increasing, as well as the corresponding need to be able to characterize these fluids in situ. Commercial magnetometers are accurate and well-characterized for solid and powder samples, but their use with fluid samples is more limited. Here, we describe artifacts which can occur in magnetic measurements of fluid samples and their impact. The most critical problem in the measurement of fluid samples is the dynamic nature of the sample position and size/shape. Methods to reduce these artifacts are also discussed, such as removal of air bubbles and dynamic centering. (C) 2016 Author(s).
C1 [Boekelheide, Z.; Dennis, C. L.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Boekelheide, Z.] Lafayette Coll, Dept Phys, Easton, PA 18042 USA.
RP Boekelheide, Z (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Boekelheide, Z (reprint author), Lafayette Coll, Dept Phys, Easton, PA 18042 USA.
EM boekelhz@lafayette.edu; cindi.dennis@nist.gov
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 8
AR 085201
DI 10.1063/1.4960457
PG 13
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA DW8MC
UT WOS:000383909100045
ER
PT J
AU Battaglia, A
Mroz, K
Tanelli, S
Tridon, F
Kirstetter, PE
AF Battaglia, Alessandro
Mroz, Kamil
Tanelli, Simone
Tridon, Frederic
Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel
TI Multiple-Scattering-Induced "Ghost Echoes" in GPM DPR Observations of a
Tornadic Supercell
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PART II; PROFILING ALGORITHM; PRECIPITATION RADAR; FAST LIDAR
AB Evidence of multiple-scattering-induced pulse stretching for the signal of both frequencies of the Dual Frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) on the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission Core Observatory satellite is presented on the basis of collocated ground-based WSR-88D S-band observations of an extreme case: a tornadic supercell. The ground-based observations clearly show a tilted convective core with a so-called bounded weak-echo region that is, locations where precipitation is absent or extremely light at the ground while large amounts of liquid or frozen precipitation are present aloft. The satellite observations in this region show reflectivity profiles that extend all the way to the surface despite the absence of near-surface precipitation: these are here referred to as "ghost echoes." Furthermore, the Ku- and Ka-band profiles exhibit similar slopes, which is a typical sign that the observed power is almost entirely due to multiple scattering. A novel microphysical retrieval that is based on triple-frequency (S-Ku-Ka) observations shows that a dense ice core located between 4 and 14 km with particle sizes exceeding 2.5 cm and integrated ice contents exceeding 7.0 kg m(-2) is the source of the ghost echoes of the signal in the lower layers. The level of confidence of this assessment is strengthened by the availability of the S-band data, which provide the necessary additional constraints to the radar retrieval that is based on DPR data. This study shows not only that multiple-scattering contributions may become predominant at Ka already very high up in the atmosphere but also that they play a key role at Ku band within the layers close to the surface. As a result, extreme caution must be paid even in the interpretation of Ku-based retrievals (e.g., the TRMM PR dataset or any DPR retrievals that are based on the assumption that Ku band is not affected by multiple scattering) when examining extreme surface rain rates that occur in the presence of deep dense ice layers.
C1 [Battaglia, Alessandro; Mroz, Kamil] Univ Leicester, Natl Ctr Earth Observat, Leicester, Leics, England.
[Battaglia, Alessandro; Tridon, Frederic] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Earth Observat Sci, Leicester, Leics, England.
[Tanelli, Simone] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel] Natl Weather Ctr, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK USA.
[Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Battaglia, A (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
EM ab474@le.ac.uk
RI Kirstetter, Pierre/E-2305-2013; Tridon, Frederic/M-4127-2013;
OI Kirstetter, Pierre/0000-0002-7381-0229; Tridon,
Frederic/0000-0002-0436-283X; Battaglia, Alessandro/0000-0001-9243-3484
FU project "Calibration and validation studies over the North Atlantic and
United Kingdom for the Global Precipitation Mission" - United Kingdom
NERC [NE/L007169/1]
FX The work done by A. Battaglia and F. Tridon was funded by the project
"Calibration and validation studies over the North Atlantic and United
Kingdom for the Global Precipitation Mission" funded by the United
Kingdom NERC (NE/L007169/1). The work done by S. Tanelli was carried out
at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
This work was carried out for the GPM mission under the Precipitation
Measurement Missions program; support by Dr. Ramesh Kakar is gratefully
acknowledged. Level-1 V03B-GPM data were downloaded from the
Precipitation Processing System. KCRP data were downloaded from the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Climatic Data
Center. This research used the SPECTRE High Performance Computing
Facility at the University of Leicester.
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 8
BP 1653
EP 1666
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0136.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DW0DF
UT WOS:000383310400001
ER
PT J
AU Reeves, HD
Ryzhkov, AV
Krause, J
AF Reeves, Heather Dawn
Ryzhkov, Alexander V.
Krause, J.
TI Discrimination between Winter Precipitation Types Based on Spectral-Bin
Microphysical Modeling
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FREEZING-RAIN; NONDIMENSIONAL PARAMETER; ICE-NUCLEATION; MELTING LAYER;
FORECASTS; EVENTS; RADAR; LOCATIONS; PELLETS; STORMS
AB A new approach for distinguishing precipitation types at the surface, the spectral bin classifier (SBC), is presented. This algorithm diagnoses six categories of precipitation: rain (RA), snow (SN), a rain snow mix (RASN), freezing rain (FZRA), ice pellets (PL), and a freezing rain ice pellet mix (FZRAPL). It works by calculating the liquid-water fraction f(w) for a spectrum of falling hydrometeors given a prescribed temperature T and relative humidity profile. Demonstrations of the SBC output show that it provides reasonable estimates of f(w) of various-sized hydrometeors for the different categories of precipitation. The SBC also faithfully represents the horizontal distribution of precipitation type inasmuch as the model analyses and surface observations are consistent with each other. When applied to a collection of observed soundings associated with RA, SN, FZRA, and PL, the classifier has probabilities of detection (PODs) that range from 62.4% to 98.3%. The PODs do decrease when the effects of model uncertainty are accounted for. This decrease is modest for RA, SN, and PL but is large for FZRA as a result of the fact that this form of precipitation is very sensitive to small changes in the thermal profile. The effects of the choice of the degree of riming above the melting layer, the drop size distribution, and the assumed temperature at which ice nucleates are also examined. Recommendations on how to mitigate all forms of uncertainty are discussed. These include the use of dual-polarized radar observations, incorporating output from the microphysical parameterization scheme, and the use of ensemble model forecasts.
C1 Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
RP Reeves, HD (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Ste 2401,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM heather.reeves@noaa.gov
FU NSF [1143948]; FAA/Aviation Weather Research Program; NOAA/Office of
Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma
Cooperative Agreement, U.S. Department of Commerce [NA110AR4320072]
FX This study was made possible in part due to the data made available by
the governmental agencies, commercial firms, and educational
institutions participating in MesoWest. Special thanks are given to
Kenneth Howard. Author Ryzhkov was partially funded by NSF Grant
1143948. Author Reeves was partially supported by the FAA/Aviation
Weather Research Program. Other funding was provided by NOAA/Office of
Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma
Cooperative Agreement NA110AR4320072, U.S. Department of Commerce.
NR 43
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 8
BP 1747
EP 1761
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0044.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DW0DF
UT WOS:000383310400007
ER
PT J
AU Brown, CU
Jacob, G
Stoudt, M
Moylan, S
Slotwinski, J
Donmez, A
AF Brown, Christopher U.
Jacob, Gregor
Stoudt, Mark
Moylan, Shawn
Slotwinski, John
Donmez, Alkan
TI Interlaboratory Study for Nickel Alloy 625 Made by Laser Powder Bed
Fusion to Quantify Mechanical Property Variability
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on Metal-Matrix Composites as part of the
European Congress on Advanced Materials and Processes (EUROMAT)
CY SEP 20-24, 2015
CL Warsaw, POLAND
SP Federat European Mat Soc
DE additive manufacturing; electron microscopy; interlaboratory study;
mechanical behavior; round robin; selective laser melting; superalloys
AB Six different organizations participated in this interlaboratory study to quantify the variability in the tensile properties of Inconel 625 specimens manufactured using laser powder bed fusion-additive manufacturing machines. The tensile specimens were heat treated and tensile tests were conducted until failure. The properties measured were yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, elastic modulus, and elongation. Statistical analysis revealed that between-participant variability for yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elastic modulus values were significantly higher (up to four times) than typical within-participant variations. Only between-participant and within-participant variability were both similar for elongation. A scanning electron microscope was used to examine one tensile specimen for fractography. The fracture surface does not have many secondary cracks or other features that would reduce the mechanical properties. In fact, the features largely consist of microvoid coalescence and are entirely consistent with ductile failure.
C1 [Brown, Christopher U.; Jacob, Gregor; Stoudt, Mark; Moylan, Shawn; Donmez, Alkan] NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 8260, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Slotwinski, John] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
RP Brown, CU (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 8260, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM christopher.brown@nist.gov
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1059-9495
EI 1544-1024
J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM
JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 25
IS 8
SI SI
BP 3390
EP 3397
DI 10.1007/s11665-016-2169-2
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA DU3WU
UT WOS:000382143800040
PM 28243032
ER
PT J
AU Bert, TM
Gerhart, SD
Crawford, C
AF Bert, Theresa M.
Gerhart, Susan D.
Crawford, Charles
TI REPRODUCTION IN FEMALE STONE CRABS (GENUS MENIPPE) FROM TAMPA BAY,
FLORIDA: INTERANNUAL, SEASONAL, AND TEMPERATURE-RELATED VARIATION
SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE fishery management; fishery selection; Florida; interannual; Menippe;
molting; ovarian development; reproduction; seasonality; spawning; stone
crab; Tampa Bay; temperature
ID NORTH-SEA PLAICE; GULF-OF-MEXICO; MERCENARIA SAY; SPIDER CRAB;
CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; OVARIAN DEVELOPMENT; SEXUAL-MATURITY; BREEDING
CYCLES; SCYLLA-SERRATA; SPAWNING STOCK
AB Knowledge of short-and long-term reproductive patterns is basic for numerous types of biological, ecological, evolutionary, and fisheries studies. Using data from more than 22 y of sampling commercially valuable stone crabs (genus Menippe (Say, 1819)) in Tampa Bay, FL, we defined size-specific interannual and intra-annual patterns in ovarian development and spawning; explored relationships between the molting cycle and intra-annual patterns; and identified the influence of water temperature on those interrelationships. Frequency of gravid females (frequency-gravid) seemed to shift in multiyear cycles but frequency of ovigerous females (frequency-ovigerous) did not. Frequency-gravid and frequency-ovigerous increased with size class except in the largest females. Interannual variation in frequency-ovigerous was the product of multiple patterns differing principally between size-class-70 and -80 females and size-class-90 and -100+ females. Ovarian development, spawning, and molting in females of size classes 20 through 50 occurred principally during peak temperatures in August and September. In females of size classes 70 through 100+, ovarian development, which was tightly and inversely linked to molting, occurred principally from February through August and spawning, which was influenced by both water temperature and molting, occurred principally from April through September. Size-class-60 females exhibited a mosaic of juvenile and adult patterns. Ovarian development and spawning ceased in all size classes when temperature decreased to approximately 25 degrees C during October. Other specific temperatures or narrow temperature ranges were associated with additional shifts in reproduction and molting. Decreases through the years in frequency-ovigerous in females in size classes greater than or equal to 70, and particularly in those in size class 100+, concomitant with increases in frequency-ovigerous in females in size classes 50 and 60, and coupled with possible decreases in size at maturity and minimum spawning size, suggest fisheries selection. Shortening harvesting season by 6 wk during spring would protect females during the first spawning pulse in spring.
C1 [Bert, Theresa M.; Crawford, Charles] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 100 Eighth Ave SE, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Gerhart, Susan D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Reg Off, 263 13th Ave South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Bert, TM (reprint author), Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 100 Eighth Ave SE, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM theresa.bert@myfwc.com
FU Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
[PL 88-305, PL 99-659]; State of Florida
FX We thank A. McMillen-Jackson, K. McCarthy, and R. Hochberg for years of
dedicated field work; we also thank numerous other FWRI employees and
volunteers who helped with field work through the years. We are grateful
to R. Gandy and an anonymous reviewer for reviewing the manuscript. This
work was supported by the Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (PL 88-305 and PL 99-659) and by the State of
Florida.
NR 95
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC
PI GROTON
PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD,
GROTON, CT 06340 USA
SN 0730-8000
EI 1943-6319
J9 J SHELLFISH RES
JI J. Shellfish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 2
BP 519
EP 537
DI 10.2983/035.035.0225
PG 19
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW6YZ
UT WOS:000383798600025
ER
PT J
AU Keating, JL
Barlow, J
Rankin, S
AF Keating, Jennifer L.
Barlow, Jay
Rankin, Shannon
TI Shifts in frequency-modulated pulses recorded during an encounter with
Blainville's beaked whales (Mesoplodon densirostris)
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSMISSION BEAM PATTERN; ECHOLOCATION SIGNALS; PSEUDORCA-CRASSIDENS;
CLICKS; PREY
AB Echolocation signals produced by beaked whales (family: Ziphiidae) include frequency-modulated (FM) pulses that appear to have species-specific characteristics. To date there has been no established evidence that a single species of beaked whale might produce more than one type of FM pulse. In 2014 a group of Blainville's beaked whales (Mesoplodon densirostris) were sighted off of Southern California; recordings included FM pulses with significant increases in peak frequency, center frequency, and -10 dB bandwidth relative to FM pulses previously attributed to this species. This research suggests there may be greater variation in received beaked whale FM pulses than previously understood.
C1 [Keating, Jennifer L.; Barlow, Jay; Rankin, Shannon] NOAA, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Keating, JL (reprint author), NOAA, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM jennifer.keating@noaa.gov; jay.barlow@noaa.gov; shannon.rankin@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service; U.S. Navy; Bureau of Ocean
Energy Management
FX Exceptional assistance with field work was provided by Nicole Beaulieu,
Arial Brewer, Scott Benson, Lori Beraha, Karin Forney, Annette Henry,
Jim Gilpatrick, Morgane Lauf, Paula Olson, Morgan Ritchie, Juan Carlos
Salinas, and Susanne Yin. We thank the captain and crew of the R/V Ocean
Starr for their help during leg 5 of the SWFSC "CalCurCEAS" cruise. We
thank Jeff Laake, Jamie Macaulay, and Michael Oswald for statistical and
technical support, and Karin Forney and Jayson McCullough for manuscript
editing. The estimation of whale depth was inspired by a conference talk
by Annamaria Izzi. Photo-identification and acoustic recordings were
performed according to regulations and restrictions specified in a
permit issued by the National Marine Fisheries Service to Southwest
Fisheries Science Center for research activities on marine mammals and
sea turtles (Permit No. 14097-04). Funding was provided by NOAA's
National Marine Fisheries Service, the U.S. Navy, and the Bureau of
Ocean Energy Management.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 140
IS 2
BP EL166
EP EL171
DI 10.1121/1.4959598
PG 6
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA DW8OT
UT WOS:000383916100004
PM 27586775
ER
PT J
AU Ren, Y
Zhao, X
Hagley, EW
Deng, L
AF Ren, Yan
Zhao, Xian
Hagley, Edward W.
Deng, Lu
TI Ambient-condition growth of high-pressure phase centrosymmetric
crystalline KDP microstructures for optical second harmonic generation
SO SCIENCE ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID KH2PO4; KD2PO4; PHOSPHATE
AB Noncentrosymmetric potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4 or KDP) in the tetragonal crystal phase is arguably the most extensively studied nonlinear optical crystal in history. It has prolific applications ranging from simple laser pointers to laser inertial confinement fusion systems. Recently, type IV high-pressure KDP crystal sheets with a monoclinic crystal phase having centrosymmetric properties have been observed. However, it was found that this new crystal phase is highly unstable under ambient conditions. We report ambient-condition growth of one-dimensional, self-assembled, single-crystalline KDP hexagonal hollow/solid-core microstructures that have a molecular structure and symmetry identical to the type IV KDP monoclinic crystal that was previously found to exist only at extremely high pressures (>1.6 GPa). Furthermore, we report highly efficient bulk optical second harmonic generation (SHG) from these ambient condition-grown single-crystalline microstructures, even though they have a highly centrosymmetric crystal phase. However, fundamental physics dictates that a bulk optical medium with a significant second-order nonlinear susceptibility supporting SHG must have noncentrosymmetric properties. Laue diffraction analysis reveals a weak symmetry-breaking twin-crystal lattice that, in conjunction with tight confinement of the light field by the tubular structure, is attributed to the significant SHG even with sample volumes <0.001 mm(3). A robust polarization-preserving effect is also observed, raising the possibility of advanced optical technological applications.
C1 [Ren, Yan; Zhao, Xian] Shandong Univ, State Key Lab Crystal Mat, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China.
[Hagley, Edward W.; Deng, Lu] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ren, Y (reprint author), Shandong Univ, State Key Lab Crystal Mat, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China.; Deng, L (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ry@sdu.edu.cn; lu.deng@nist.gov
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 7
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 2375-2548
J9 SCI ADV
JI Sci. Adv.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 2
IS 8
AR e1600404
DI 10.1126/sciadv.1600404
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DW6CP
UT WOS:000383734300015
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, YQ
Bowden, JH
Adelman, Z
Naik, V
Horowitz, LW
Smith, SJ
West, JJ
AF Zhang, Yuqiang
Bowden, Jared H.
Adelman, Zachariah
Naik, Vaishali
Horowitz, Larry W.
Smith, Steven J.
West, J. Jason
TI Co-benefits of global and regional greenhouse gas mitigation for US air
quality in 2050
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ORGANIC AEROSOL FORMATION; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; EASTERN
UNITED-STATES; CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HEALTH-BENEFITS;
OZONE; EMISSIONS; SENSITIVITY; IMPACTS
AB Policies to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions will not only slow climate change but can also have ancillary benefits of improved air quality. Here we examine the co-benefits of both global and regional GHG mitigation for US air quality in 2050 at fine resolution, using dynamical downscaling methods, building on a previous global co-benefits study (West et al., 2013). The co-benefits for US air quality are quantified via two mechanisms: through reductions in co-emitted air pollutants from the same sources and by slowing climate change and its influence on air quality, following West et al. (2013). Additionally, we separate the total co-benefits into contributions from domestic GHG mitigation vs. mitigation in foreign countries. We use the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to dynamically downscale future global climate to the regional scale and the Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) program to directly process global anthropogenic emissions to the regional domain, and we provide dynamical boundary conditions from global simulations to the regional Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. The total co-benefits of global GHG mitigation from the RCP4.5 scenario compared with its reference are estimated to be higher in the eastern US (ranging from 0.6 to 1.0 mu gm(3)/than the west (0-0.4 mu gm(3))for fine particulate matter (PM2.5), with an average of 0.47 mu gm 3 over the US; for O-3, the total co-benefits are more uniform at 2-5 ppb, with a US average of 3.55 ppb. Comparing the two mechanisms of cobenefits, we find that reductions in co-emitted air pollutants have a much greater influence on both PM2.5 (96% of the total co-benefits) and O-3 (89% of the total) than the second co-benefits mechanism via slowing climate change, consistent with West et al. (2013). GHG mitigation from foreign countries contributes more to the US O-3 reduction (76% of the total) than that from domestic GHG mitigation only (24 %), highlighting the importance of global methane reductions and the intercontinental transport of air pollutants. For PM2.5, the benefits of domestic GHG control are greater (74% of total). Since foreign contributions to co-benefits can be substantial, with foreign O-3 benefits much larger than those from domestic reductions, previous studies that focus on local or regional co-benefits may greatly underestimate the total co-benefits of global GHG reductions. We conclude that the US can gain significantly greater domestic air quality co-benefits by engaging with other nations to control GHGs.
C1 [Zhang, Yuqiang; Bowden, Jared H.; Adelman, Zachariah; West, J. Jason] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Environm Sci & Engn Dept, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Adelman, Zachariah] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Naik, Vaishali] NOAA, UCAR, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Horowitz, Larry W.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Smith, Steven J.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP West, JJ (reprint author), Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Environm Sci & Engn Dept, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM jjwest@email.unc.edu
RI West, Jason/J-2322-2015; Zhang, Yuqiang/P-2682-2016; Naik,
Vaishali/A-4938-2013; Zhang, Yuqiang/C-5027-2015
OI West, Jason/0000-0001-5652-4987; Zhang, Yuqiang/0000-0002-9161-7086;
Naik, Vaishali/0000-0002-2254-1700; Zhang, Yuqiang/0000-0002-9161-7086
FU US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) STAR grant [834285]; National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [1 R21 ES022600-01]; USEPA
FX This publication was financially supported by the US Environmental
Protection Agency (USEPA) STAR grant no. 834285 and the National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant no. 1 R21 ES022600-01.
Its contents are solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not
necessarily represent the official views of the USEPA or other funding
sources. USEPA and other funding sources do not endorse the purchase of
any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication.
NR 60
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 15
BP 9533
EP 9548
DI 10.5194/acp-16-9533-2016
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV3MA
UT WOS:000382825200001
ER
PT J
AU Pokhrel, RP
Wagner, NL
Langridge, JM
Lack, DA
Jayarathne, T
Stone, EA
Stockwell, CE
Yokelson, RJ
Murphy, SM
AF Pokhrel, Rudra P.
Wagner, Nick L.
Langridge, Justin M.
Lack, Daniel A.
Jayarathne, Thilina
Stone, Elizabeth A.
Stockwell, Chelsea E.
Yokelson, Robert J.
Murphy, Shane M.
TI Parameterization of single-scattering albedo (SSA) and absorption
Angstrom exponent (AAE) with EC / OC for aerosol emissions from biomass
burning
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID BROWN CARBON ABSORPTION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC AEROSOL;
COMPREHENSIVE CHARACTERIZATION; LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; AIRCRAFT
INSTRUMENT; LIGHT-ABSORPTION; SOLAR-RADIATION; BLACK CARBON;
SPECTROSCOPY
AB Single-scattering albedo (SSA) and absorption ngstrm expone (AAE) are two critical parameters in determining the impact of absorbing aerosol on the Earth's radiative balance. Aerosol emitted by biomass burning represent a significant fraction of absorbing aerosol globally, but it remains difficult to accurately predict SSA and AAE for biomass burning aerosol. Black carbon (BC), brown carbon (BrC), and non-absorbing coatings all make substantial contributions to the absorption coefficient of biomass burning aerosol. SSA and AAE cannot be directly predicted based on fuel type because they depend strongly on burn conditions. It has been suggested that SSA can be effectively parameterized via the modified combustion efficiency (MCE) of a biomass burning event and that this would be useful because emission factors for CO and CO2, from which MCE can be calculated, are available for a large number of fuels. Here we demonstrate, with data from the FLAME-4 experiment, that for a wide variety of globally relevant biomass fuels, over a range of combustion conditions, parameterizations of SSA and AAE based on the elemental carbon (EC) to organic carbon (OC) mass ratio are quantitatively superior to parameterizations based on MCE. We show that the EC / OC ratio and the ratio of EC / (EC + OC) both have significantly better correlations with SSA than MCE. Furthermore, the relationship of EC / (EC + OC) with SSA is linear. These improved parameterizations are significant because, similar to MCE, emission factors for EC (or black carbon) and OC are available for a wide range of biomass fuels. Fitting SSA with MCE yields correlation coefficients (Pearson's r) of similar to 0.65 at the visible wavelengths of 405, 532, and 660 nm while fitting SSA with EC / OC or EC / (EC + OC) yields a Pearson's r of 0.94-0.97 at these same wavelengths. The strong correlation coefficient at 405 nm (r = 0.97) suggests that parameterizations based on EC / OC or EC / (EC + OC) have good predictive capabilities even for fuels in which brown carbon absorption is significant. Notably, these parameterizations are effective for emissions from Indonesian peat, which have very little black carbon but significant brown carbon (SSA = 0.990 +/- 0.001 at 532 and 660 nm, SSA = 0.937 +/- 0.011 at 405 nm). Finally, we demonstrate that our parameterization based on EC / (EC + OC) accurately predicts SSA during the first few hours of plume aging with data from Yokelson et al. (2009) gathered during a biomass burning event in the Yucatasn Peninsula of Mexico.
C1 [Pokhrel, Rudra P.; Murphy, Shane M.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Atmospher Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Wagner, Nick L.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Langridge, Justin M.] Met Off, Observat Based Res, Fitzroy Rd, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England.
[Lack, Daniel A.] Transport Emiss Air Qual & Climate Consulting, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
[Jayarathne, Thilina; Stone, Elizabeth A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Stockwell, Chelsea E.; Yokelson, Robert J.] Univ Montana, Dept Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Murphy, SM (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Atmospher Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM shane.murphy@uwyo.edu
RI Yokelson, Robert/C-9971-2011
OI Yokelson, Robert/0000-0002-8415-6808
FU National Science Foundation [1241479]; NSF [ATM-0936321]; University of
Iowa; NASA Earth Science Division Award [NNX12AH17G, NX13AP46]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under grant no. 1241479. Chelsea E. Stockwell and Robert J.
Yokelson were supported primarily by NSF grant ATM-0936321. Thilina
Jayarathne and Elizabeth A. Stone were supported by University of Iowa.
FSL operational costs were supported by NASA Earth Science Division
Award NNX12AH17G to S. Kreidenweis, P. DeMott, and G. McMeeking, whose
collaboration in organizing and executing FLAME-4 is gratefully
acknowledged. We thank Ted Christian, Dorothy L. Fibiger, and Shunsuke
Nakao for assistance with filter sample collection and sample
preparation. We appreciate the contribution of Eric Miller, David Weise,
Greg Askins, Guenter Engling, Savitri Garivait, Christian L'Orange,
Benjamin Legendre, Brian Jenkins, Emily Lincoln, Navashni Govender,
Chris Geron, and Kary Peterson for harvesting the fuels for this study.
Collection of Indonesian peat by Kevin Ryan and Mark Cochrane was
supported by NASA Earth Science Division Award NX13AP46. We also thank
Daniel Murphy for valuable suggestions during data collection and
manuscript preparation.
NR 50
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 14
U2 14
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 15
BP 9549
EP 9561
DI 10.5194/acp-16-9549-2016
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV3MA
UT WOS:000382825200002
ER
PT J
AU Inoue, M
Morino, I
Uchino, O
Nakatsuru, T
Yoshida, Y
Yokota, T
Wunch, D
Wennberg, PO
Roehl, CM
Griffith, DWT
Velazco, VA
Deutscher, NM
Warneke, T
Notholt, J
Robinson, J
Sherlock, V
Hase, F
Blumenstock, T
Rettinger, M
Sussmann, R
Kyro, E
Kivi, R
Shiomi, K
Kawakami, S
De Maziere, M
Arnold, SG
Feist, DG
Barrow, EA
Barney, J
Dubey, M
Schneider, M
Iraci, LT
Podolske, JR
Hillyard, PW
Machida, T
Sawa, Y
Tsuboi, K
Matsueda, H
Sweeney, C
Tans, PP
Andrews, AE
Biraud, SC
Fukuyama, Y
Pittman, JV
Kort, EA
Tanaka, T
AF Inoue, Makoto
Morino, Isamu
Uchino, Osamu
Nakatsuru, Takahiro
Yoshida, Yukio
Yokota, Tatsuya
Wunch, Debra
Wennberg, Paul O.
Roehl, Coleen M.
Griffith, David W. T.
Velazco, Voltaire A.
Deutscher, Nicholas M.
Warneke, Thorsten
Notholt, Justus
Robinson, John
Sherlock, Vanessa
Hase, Frank
Blumenstock, Thomas
Rettinger, Markus
Sussmann, Ralf
Kyro, Esko
Kivi, Rigel
Shiomi, Kei
Kawakami, Shuji
De Maziere, Martine
Arnold, Sabrina G.
Feist, Dietrich G.
Barrow, Erica A.
Barney, James
Dubey, Manvendra
Schneider, Matthias
Iraci, Laura T.
Podolske, James R.
Hillyard, Patrick W.
Machida, Toshinobu
Sawa, Yousuke
Tsuboi, Kazuhiro
Matsueda, Hidekazu
Sweeney, Colm
Tans, Pieter P.
Andrews, Arlyn E.
Biraud, Sebastien C.
Fukuyama, Yukio
Pittman, Jasna V.
Kort, Eric A.
Tanaka, Tomoaki
TI Bias corrections of GOSAT SWIR XCO2 and XCH4 with TCCON data and their
evaluation using aircraft measurement data
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID COLUMN OBSERVING NETWORK; CO2 RETRIEVAL ALGORITHM; GAS REFERENCE
NETWORK; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GREENHOUSE GASES; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; TANSO-FTS;
INFRARED-SPECTRA; CH4 MEASUREMENTS; MOLE FRACTIONS
AB We describe a method for removing systematic biases of column-averaged dry air mole fractions of CO2 (XCO2 /and CH4 (XCH4 derived from short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) spectra of the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT). We conduct correlation analyses between the GOSAT biases and simultaneously retrieved auxiliary parameters. We use these correlations to bias correct the GOSAT data, removing these spurious correlations. Data from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TC-CON) were used as reference values for this regression analysis. To evaluate the effectiveness of this correction method, the uncorrected/corrected GOSAT data were compared to independent XCO2 and XCH4 data derived from aircraft measurements taken for the Comprehensive Observation Network for TRace gases by AIrLiner (CONTRAIL) project, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the US Department of Energy (DOE), the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), the HIAPER Pole-to-Pole observations (HIPPO) program, and the GOSAT validation aircraft observation campaign over Japan. These comparisons demonstrate that the empirically derived bias correction improves the agreement between GOSAT XCO2/XCH4 and the aircraft data. Finally, we present spatial distributions and temporal variations of the derived GOSAT biases.
C1 [Inoue, Makoto; Morino, Isamu; Uchino, Osamu; Nakatsuru, Takahiro; Yoshida, Yukio; Yokota, Tatsuya; Machida, Toshinobu; Tanaka, Tomoaki] NIES, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Wunch, Debra; Wennberg, Paul O.; Roehl, Coleen M.; Kort, Eric A.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Griffith, David W. T.; Velazco, Voltaire A.; Deutscher, Nicholas M.] Univ Wollongong, Ctr Atmospher Chem, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
[Deutscher, Nicholas M.; Warneke, Thorsten; Notholt, Justus] Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys, Bremen, Germany.
[Robinson, John; Sherlock, Vanessa] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Lauder, New Zealand.
[Hase, Frank; Blumenstock, Thomas; Schneider, Matthias] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IMK ASF, Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Rettinger, Markus; Sussmann, Ralf] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IMK IFU, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany.
[Kyro, Esko; Kivi, Rigel] FMI, Arctic Res Ctr, Sodankyla, Finland.
[Shiomi, Kei; Kawakami, Shuji; Tanaka, Tomoaki] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[De Maziere, Martine] Belgian Inst Space Aeron IASB BIRA, Brussels, Belgium.
[Arnold, Sabrina G.; Feist, Dietrich G.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem MPI BGC, Jena, Germany.
[Barrow, Erica A.; Barney, James] Ivy Tech Community Coll Indiana, Indianapolis, IN USA.
[Dubey, Manvendra] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Iraci, Laura T.; Podolske, James R.; Hillyard, Patrick W.; Tanaka, Tomoaki] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Hillyard, Patrick W.] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Petaluma, CA USA.
[Sawa, Yousuke; Tsuboi, Kazuhiro; Matsueda, Hidekazu] Mission Res Inc, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Sweeney, Colm; Tans, Pieter P.; Andrews, Arlyn E.] NOAA, Boulder, CO USA.
[Biraud, Sebastien C.] LBNL, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Fukuyama, Yukio] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Tokyo, Japan.
[Pittman, Jasna V.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kort, Eric A.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Inoue, Makoto] Akita Prefectural Univ, Dept Environm Biol, Akita, Japan.
[Wunch, Debra] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Sherlock, Vanessa] Lab Meteorol Dynam, Palaiseau, France.
[Kort, Eric A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Inoue, M (reprint author), NIES, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.; Inoue, M (reprint author), Akita Prefectural Univ, Dept Environm Biol, Akita, Japan.
EM makoto@akita-pu.ac.jp
RI Biraud, Sebastien/M-5267-2013; Kort, Eric/F-9942-2012; Feist,
Dietrich/B-6489-2013; Dubey, Manvendra/E-3949-2010; Morino,
Isamu/K-1033-2014; Schneider, Matthias/B-1441-2013; Sussmann,
Ralf/K-3999-2012; Notholt, Justus/P-4520-2016
OI Biraud, Sebastien/0000-0001-7697-933X; Kort, Eric/0000-0003-4940-7541;
Feist, Dietrich/0000-0002-5890-6687; Dubey,
Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X; Morino, Isamu/0000-0003-2720-1569;
Notholt, Justus/0000-0002-3324-885X
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation (NSF); Canadian
Space Agency (CSA); Environment Research and Technology Development Fund
of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan [2A-1102]; NASA [NNX14AI60G];
NASA Orbiting Carbon Observatory Program; Australian Research Council
[DP140101552]; ARC-DECRA Fellowship [DE140100178]; EU project InGOS; EU
project ICOS-INWIRE; Max Planck Society; Academy of Finland [140408]
FX The authors thank the many staff members of Japan Airlines, the JAL
Foundation, and JAMCO Tokyo for supporting the CONTRAIL project. We are
grateful to the NOAA ESRL/GMD tall tower network (K. Davis, A. Desai, R.
Teclaw, D. Baumann, and C. Stanier) for providing CO2 tower
data for Park Falls and West Branch. DOE flights were supported by the
Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of
Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231 as part of the Atmospheric
Radiation Measurement Program (ARM), ARM Aerial Facility, and
Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program. We gratefully thank many staff
members of the Japan Ministry of Defense for supporting the JMA's
ground-based and aircraft measurements. We also acknowledge the HIPPO
team members for CO2 and CH4 profile data from
HIPPO missions. The HIPPO program is supported by the National Science
Foundation (NSF), and its operation is managed by the Earth Observing
Laboratory (EOL) of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR).
We also thank the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), which provides most of
the funding support for ACE. We are grateful to the HALOE team for
publishing their data for scientific use. This research was supported in
part by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund
(2A-1102) of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan. TCCON measurements
from Pasadena, Lamont, Park Falls and Darwin are funded by NASA grant
NNX14AI60G and NASA Orbiting Carbon Observatory Program. We are grateful
to the DOE ARM program for technical support of TCCON in Lamont and
Darwin and to Jeff Ayers for technical support of the TCCON measurements
in Park Falls. Darwin and Wollongong TCCON measurements are also
supported by Australian Research Council grant DP140101552 and Nicholas
Deutscher is supported by an ARC-DECRA Fellowship, DE140100178. The
University of Bremen acknowledges the support of the EU projects InGOS,
and ICOS-INWIRE, and the Senate of Bremen for support of TCCON
measurements in Bialystok, Bremen, Ny-Alesund, and Orleans. Operation of
the Ascension Island site was funded by the Max Planck Society. Research
at the FMI was supported by the Academy of Finland under grant no.
140408.
NR 60
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 19
U2 19
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
EI 1867-8548
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 8
BP 3491
EP 3512
DI 10.5194/amt-9-3491-2016
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV3MN
UT WOS:000382826600003
ER
PT J
AU McGregor, S
Timmermann, A
Jin, FF
Kessler, WS
AF McGregor, Shayne
Timmermann, Axel
Jin, Fei-Fei
Kessler, William S.
TI Charging El Nino with off-equatorial westerly wind events
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE El Nino; ENSO; Warm water volume; Westerly wind event; Equatorially
trapped wave theory
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; TROPICAL PACIFIC; LA-NINA; ENSO; MODEL;
WAVES; TERMINATION; DYNAMICS; GENESIS; BURSTS
AB The buildup of the warm water in the equatorial Pacific prior to an El Nino event is considered a necessary precondition for event development, while the event initiation is thought to be triggered by bursts of westerly wind. However, in contrast to the view that warm water slowly builds up years before an El Nino event, the volume of warm water in the equatorial Pacific doubled in the first few months of 2014 reaching values that were consistent with the warm water buildup prior to the extreme 1997/1998 El Nino. It is notable that this dramatic warm water buildup coincided with a series of westerly wind bursts in the western tropical Pacific. This study uses linear wave theory to determine the effect of equatorial and off-equatorial westerly wind events on the Warm Water Volume (WWV) of the Pacific. It is found that westerly wind events have a significant impact on equatorial WWV with all events initially acting to increase WWV, which highlights why WWEs are so effective at exciting ENSO. In fact, our results suggest that the single westerly wind burst, which peaked in the first few days of March in 2014, was largely responsible for the coincident dramatic observed increase in WWV. How long the equatorial region remains charged, however, depends on the latitude of the westerly wind event. For instance, a single equatorially symmetric westerly wind event ultimately acts to discharge WWV via the reflection of upwelling Rossby waves, which makes it difficult to more gradually build WWV given multiple WWEs. In contrast, when the wind events occur off the equator, the subsequent discharge is significantly damped and in some cases the equatorial region can hold the heat charge for the duration of the simulations (similar to 6 months). As such, off-equatorial WWEs can not only charge equatorial region WWV in the short term, but are also a mechanism to more gradually build equatorial region WWV in the longer term. Given that these off-equatorial WWEs have a relatively small projection onto the equatorial Kelvin wave, we argue these events can be considered as a mechanism to modulate the background state in which ENSO operates.
C1 [McGregor, Shayne] Monash Univ, Sch Earth Atmosphere & Environm, Clayton, Vic, Australia.
[McGregor, Shayne] Univ New South Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Timmermann, Axel] Univ Hawaii, SOEST, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Timmermann, Axel] Univ Hawaii, Dept Oceanog, SOEST, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Jin, Fei-Fei] Univ Hawaii, Dept Meteorol, SOEST, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Kessler, William S.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP McGregor, S (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Earth Atmosphere & Environm, Clayton, Vic, Australia.; McGregor, S (reprint author), Univ New South Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
EM shayne.mcgregor@monash.edu
RI Timmermann, Axel /F-4977-2011
OI Timmermann, Axel /0000-0003-0657-2969
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 6
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 3-4
BP 1111
EP 1125
DI 10.1007/s00382-015-2891-8
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DU3LE
UT WOS:000382111300027
ER
PT J
AU Mignot, J
Garcia-Serrano, J
Swingedouw, D
Germe, A
Nguyen, S
Ortega, P
Guilyardi, E
Ray, S
AF Mignot, Juliette
Garcia-Serrano, Javier
Swingedouw, Didier
Germe, Agathe
Nguyen, Sebastien
Ortega, Pablo
Guilyardi, Eric
Ray, Sulagna
TI Decadal prediction skill in the ocean with surface nudging in the
IPSL-CM5A-LR climate model
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Decadal variability; Oceanic predictability; Surface nudging
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; NORTH-ATLANTIC; SEA-ICE;
VOLCANIC-ERUPTIONS; ENSEMBLE FORECASTS; HEAT-CONTENT; EL-NINO; PACIFIC;
VARIABILITY; PREDICTABILITY
AB Two decadal prediction ensembles, based on the same climate model (IPSL-CM5A-LR) and the same surface nudging initialization strategy are analyzed and compared with a focus on upper-ocean variables in different regions of the globe. One ensemble consists of 3-member hindcasts launched every year since 1961 while the other ensemble benefits from 9 members but with start dates only every 5 years. Analysis includes anomaly correlation coefficients and root mean square errors computed against several reanalysis and gridded observational fields, as well as against the nudged simulation used to produce the hindcasts initial conditions. The last skill measure gives an upper limit of the predictability horizon one can expect in the forecast system, while the comparison with different datasets highlights uncertainty when assessing the actual skill. Results provide a potential prediction skill (verification against the nudged simulation) beyond the linear trend of the order of 10 years ahead at the global scale, but essentially associated with non-linear radiative forcings, in particular from volcanoes. At regional scale, we obtain 1 year in the tropical band, 10 years at midlatitudes in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, and 5 years at tropical latitudes in the North Atlantic, for both sea surface temperature (SST) and upper-ocean heat content. Actual prediction skill (verified against observational or reanalysis data) is overall more limited and less robust. Even so, large actual skill is found in the extratropical North Atlantic for SST and in the tropical to subtropical North Pacific for upper-ocean heat content. Results are analyzed with respect to the specific dynamics of the model and the way it is influenced by the nudging. The interplay between initialization and internal modes of variability is also analyzed for sea surface salinity. The study illustrates the importance of two key ingredients both necessary for the success of future coordinated decadal prediction exercises, a high frequency of start dates is needed to achieve robust statistical significance, and a large ensemble size is required to increase the signal to noise ratio.
C1 [Mignot, Juliette] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Climate & Environm Phys, Bern, Switzerland.
[Mignot, Juliette] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Bern, Switzerland.
[Mignot, Juliette; Garcia-Serrano, Javier; Germe, Agathe; Nguyen, Sebastien; Ortega, Pablo; Guilyardi, Eric; Ray, Sulagna] Sorbonne Univ, UPMC, CNRS, LOCEAN,IPSL,IRD,MNHN, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Swingedouw, Didier] Univ Bordeaux, EPOC, CNRS, UMR 5805,EPOC,OASU, Allee Geoffroy St Hilaire, F-33615 Pessac, France.
[Ortega, Pablo; Guilyardi, Eric] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, NCAS Climate, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England.
[Ray, Sulagna] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Mignot, J (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Climate & Environm Phys, Bern, Switzerland.; Mignot, J (reprint author), Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Bern, Switzerland.; Mignot, J (reprint author), Sorbonne Univ, UPMC, CNRS, LOCEAN,IPSL,IRD,MNHN, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
EM juliette.mignot@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr
RI Swingedouw, Didier/D-1408-2010; Ortega, Pablo/B-2829-2017;
Garcia-Serrano, Javier/I-5058-2015
OI Swingedouw, Didier/0000-0002-0583-0850; Ortega,
Pablo/0000-0002-4135-9621; Garcia-Serrano, Javier/0000-0003-3913-0876
FU EU project SPECS - European Commissions [308378]; FP7 [ENV-308299]
FX This work was supported by the EU project SPECS funded by the European
Commissions Seventh Framework Research Program (FP7) under the Grant
agreement 308378. J.G.-S. was supported by the FP7-funded NACLIM
(ENV-308299) project. Computations were carried out at the CCRT-TGCC
supercomputing centre. We are grateful to both reviewers for their
constructive comments which helped improved the manuscript.
NR 100
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 10
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 3-4
BP 1225
EP 1246
DI 10.1007/s00382-015-2898-1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DU3LE
UT WOS:000382111300034
ER
PT J
AU Yang, H
Weng, FZ
Anderson, K
AF Yang, Hu
Weng, Fuzhong
Anderson, Kent
TI Estimation of ATMS Antenna Emission From Cold Space Observations
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Advanced technology microwave sounder (ATMS); antenna emissivity; Suomi
National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP)
ID MICROWAVE SOUNDING UNIT; CALIBRATION; ASYMMETRY
AB The Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) on board the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite is a total power radiometer and scans across the track with a range of +/-52.77 degrees from nadir. It has 22 channels and measures the microwave radiation at either quasi-vertical or quasi-horizontal polarization from the Earth's atmosphere. The ATMS scanning reflector is made of beryllium coated with gold and can have an emission due to the surface roughness. During prelaunch phase, an estimate of the reflector emissivity was not explored. In this paper, a new methodology is developed to assess the antenna emission from the ATMS pitch-over observations. It is found that the antenna emission is significant and dominates the scan-angle-dependent features in the ATMS antenna temperatures. Retrieved emissivity from K-to G-bands ranges from 0.002 to 0.006. An error model was also developed to assess the impact of antenna emissivity to calibration accuracy of antenna temperature products. Simulation results show that the calibration error is scene temperature dependent and can be as large as 2.5 K for space view.
C1 [Yang, Hu] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Anderson, Kent] Northrop Grumman Elect Syst, Linthicum Hts, MD 21090 USA.
RP Yang, H (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM hu.yang@noaa.gov
RI Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 8
BP 4479
EP 4487
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2016.2542526
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA DT4FD
UT WOS:000381434600009
ER
PT J
AU Mai, MR
Zhang, B
Li, XF
Hwang, PA
Zhang, JA
AF Mai, Mingrun
Zhang, Biao
Li, Xiaofeng
Hwang, Paul A.
Zhang, Jun A.
TI Application of AMSR-E and AMSR2 Low-Frequency Channel Brightness
Temperature Data for Hurricane Wind Retrievals
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Hurricane; radiometer; passive microwave remote sensing; wind retrievals
ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; BAND POLARIMETRIC RADAR; SEA-SURFACE;
POLARIZATION SAR; SPEED RETRIEVAL; OCEAN SURFACE; MICROWAVE RADIOMETER;
VECTOR WINDS; MODEL; ROUGHNESS
AB We present a method to retrieve wind speeds in hurricanes from spaceborne passive microwave radiometer data. Brightness temperature (TB) observations acquired at the 6.9-GHz horizontal polarization channel by the AMSR-E and AMSR2 onboard the Earth Observing System Aqua and Global Change Observation Mission-Water 1 satellites are selected for wind retrieval due to the fact that the signal at this frequency is sensitive to high wind speeds but less sensitive to rain scatter than those acquired at other higher frequency channels. The AMSR-E and AMSR2 observations of 53 hurricanes between 2002 and 2014 are collected and collocated with stepped-frequency microwave radiometer (SFMR) measurements. Based on the small slope approximation/small perturbation method model and an ocean surface roughness spectrum, the wind speeds are retrieved from the TB data and validated against the SFMR measurements. The statistical comparison of the entire data set shows that the bias and root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the retrieved wind speeds are 1.11 and 4.34 m/s, respectively, which suggests that the proposed method can obtain high wind speeds under hurricane conditions. Two case studies show that the wind speed retrieval bias and RMSE are 1.08 and 3.93 m/s for Hurricane Earl and 0.09 and 3.23 m/s for Hurricane Edouard, respectively. The retrieved wind speeds from the AMSR-E and AMSR2 continuous three-day observations clearly show the process of hurricane intensification and weakening.
C1 [Mai, Mingrun; Zhang, Biao] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Marine Sci, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Biao] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Jiangsu Res Ctr Ocean Survey & Technol, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Li, Xiaofeng] NOAA, Global Sci & Technol, Satellite & Informat Serv, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Hwang, Paul A.] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Zhang, Jun A.] NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Zhang, Jun A.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Zhang, B (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Marine Sci, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM zhangbiao@nuist.edu.cn
RI Li, Xiaofeng/B-6524-2008; Zhang, Jun/F-9580-2012
OI Li, Xiaofeng/0000-0001-7038-5119;
FU National Science Foundation of China [41476158]; Chinese National High
Technology Research and Development (863) Program [2013AA09A505];
National Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction Grant
[GASI-IPOVAI-04]; Jiangsu Province Innovation Team Project; NASA
[NNX14AM69G]; Office of Naval Research Naval Research Laboratory
[NRL/JA/7260-15-0186]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation of
China Grant 41476158, by the Chinese National High Technology Research
and Development (863) Program Grant 2013AA09A505, by the National
Program on Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction Grant GASI-IPOVAI-04,
by the Jiangsu Province Innovation Team Project, by the NASA Grant
NNX14AM69G, and by the Office of Naval Research Naval Research
Laboratory publication number NRL/JA/7260-15-0186.
NR 61
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 6
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 8
BP 4501
EP 4512
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2016.2543502
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA DT4FD
UT WOS:000381434600011
ER
PT J
AU Borowska, L
Zhang, GF
Zrnic, DS
AF Borowska, Lesya
Zhang, Guifu
Zrnic, Dusan S.
TI Spectral Processing for Step Scanning Phased-Array Radars
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Ground clutter filtering; phased-array radar ( PAR); spectral
processing; weather radar
ID SIGNALS
AB On phased-array radars, scanning is done by stepping the beam from one direction to the next direction and dwelling long enough at each direction to achieve acceptable errors of estimates. Combining data from the three directions is suggested to obtain superresolution similar to that available on the national network of weather radar (Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler or WSR-88D). Spectral analysis of such data is addressed, and it is demonstrated that the Doppler spectra of simply concatenated time series have very strong sidebands due to the discontinuity of the signals from the three beam positions. This artifact degrades the performance of the spectral clutter filters and other methods that rely on spectral processing to enhance the weather signal. Special adjustments of the signals at each range location before concatenating (splicing) are proposed to mitigate the effects of discontinuities in time and thus improve clutter filtering. The adjustment is such that the total information contained in the signal can be preserved in subsequent processing. Spectral quality of the concatenated signals is quantified via results from simulations. Samples of spectra obtained with the National Weather Radar Testbed are presented to substantiate the predictions. A ground clutter detector/filter accepted by the National Weather Service is applied to the conditioned time series data, and the ensuing fields of reflectivity factor and Doppler velocity are compared to the fields from which clutter had not been removed.
C1 [Borowska, Lesya] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Borowska, Lesya; Zhang, Guifu] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Zhang, Guifu] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Zrnic, Dusan S.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Borowska, L (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; Borowska, L (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM Lesya.Borowska-1@ou.edu
RI Zhang, Guifu/M-3178-2014
OI Zhang, Guifu/0000-0002-0261-2815
FU NOAA [NA11OAR4320072]
FX The works of L. Borowska and G. Zhang were supported by NOAA Grant
NA11OAR4320072.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 8
BP 4534
EP 4543
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2016.2543724
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA DT4FD
UT WOS:000381434600014
ER
PT J
AU Yan, D
Zhang, XY
Yu, YY
Guo, W
AF Yan, Dong
Zhang, Xiaoyang
Yu, Yunyue
Guo, Wei
TI A Comparison of Tropical Rainforest Phenology Retrieved From
Geostationary (SEVIRI) and Polar-Orbiting (MODIS) Sensors Across the
Congo Basin
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Congo basin; Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS);
Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI); tropical
rainforest phenology
ID VEGETATION PHENOLOGY; WEST-AFRICA; TIME-SERIES; CLOUD; INDEX;
VARIABILITY; IMAGERY; MODEL
AB The seasonal and interannual dynamics of tropical rainforests play a critical role in the global carbon cycle and climate change. This paper retrieved and compared land surface phenology from observations acquired by the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) onboard geostationary satellites and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on polar-orbiting satellites over the Congo Basin. To achieve this, we first retrieved canopy greenness cycles (CGCs) and their transition timing from two-band enhanced vegetation index (EVI2) derived from SEVIRI and MODIS data between 2006 and 2013. We then assessed the influences of SEVIRI and MODIS data quality on the reconstruction of the EVI2 temporal trajectory, the detection of the CGC onset and end timing, and the total number of successful CGC retrievals. The significance of influences was determined using the one-tailed two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results indicate that diurnal SEVIRI observations greatly increased the probability of capturing cloud-free daily EVI2 in the rainforest-dominated region of the Congo Basin, where the proportion of good quality (PGQ) observations during a CGC was up to 80% higher than that from MODIS. As a result, the double annual CGCs of the Congo Basin rainforests were well identified from SEVIRI but sparsely detected from MODIS, whereas the single annual CGC in the savanna-dominated northern and southern Congo Basin was successfully retrieved from both SEVIRI and MODIS. Moreover, the decreases of PGQ in an EVI2 time series were found to significantly increase the uncertainties of retrieved phenological timings and increase the probabilities of CGC retrieval failures.
C1 [Yan, Dong; Zhang, Xiaoyang] South Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Yu, Yunyue] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Guo, Wei] NOAA, Syst Grp, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Yan, D (reprint author), South Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM dong.yan@sdstate.edu; xiaoyang.zhang@sdstate.edu; yunyue.yu@noaa.gov;
wei.guo@noaa.gov
RI Guo, Wei/E-7934-2011; Yu, Yunyue/F-5636-2010
OI Guo, Wei/0000-0003-3253-9441;
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Geostationary
Operational Environmental Satellite-R Series (GOES-R) Risk Reduction
Project GOES-R3 [250]; NOAA [JPSS_PGRR2_14]; NASA [NNX15AB96A]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) Geostationary Operational Environmental
Satellite-R Series (GOES-R) Risk Reduction Project GOES-R3#250, by the
NOAA Contract JPSS_PGRR2_14, and by the NASA Contract NNX15AB96A.
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 8
BP 4867
EP 4881
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2016.2552462
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA DT4FD
UT WOS:000381434600041
ER
PT J
AU Houston, AL
Laurence, RJ
Nichols, TW
Waugh, S
Argrow, B
Ziegler, CL
AF Houston, Adam L.
Laurence, Roger J., III
Nichols, Tevis W.
Waugh, Sean
Argrow, Brian
Ziegler, Conrad L.
TI Intercomparison of Unmanned Aircraftborne and Mobile Mesonet Atmospheric
Sensors
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TORNADOES EXPERIMENT; VERIFICATION; ROTATION; VORTEX2; ORIGINS; SYSTEM
AB Results are presented from an intercomparison of temperature, humidity, and wind velocity sensors of the Tempest unmanned aircraft system (UAS) and the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) mobile mesonet (NSSL-MM). Contemporaneous evaluation of sensor performance was facilitated by mounting the Tempest wing with attached sensors to the NSSL-MM instrument rack such that the Tempest and NSSL-MM sensors could collect observations within a nearly identical airstream. This intercomparison was complemented by wind tunnel simulations designed to evaluate the impact of the mobile mesonet vehicle on the observed wind velocity.
The intercomparison revealed strong correspondence between the temperature and relative humidity (RH) data collected by the Tempest and the NSSL-MM with differences generally within sensor accuracies. Larger RH differences were noted in the presence of heavy precipitation; however, despite the exposure of the Tempest temperature and humidity sensor to the airstream, there was no evidence of wet bulbing within precipitation. Wind tunnel simulations revealed that the simulated winds at the location of the NSSL-MM wind monitor were similar to 4% larger than the expected winds due to the acceleration of the flow over the vehicle. Simulated vertical velocity exceeded 1 m s(-1) for tunnel inlet speeds typical of a vehicle moving at highway speeds. However, the theoretical noncosine reduction in winds that should result from the impact of vertical velocity on the laterally mounted wind monitor was found to be negligible across the simulations. Comparison of the simulated and observed results indicates a close correspondence, provided the crosswind component of the flow is small.
C1 [Houston, Adam L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 214 Bessey Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Laurence, Roger J., III; Nichols, Tevis W.; Argrow, Brian] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Waugh, Sean] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Waugh, Sean; Ziegler, Conrad L.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Houston, AL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 214 Bessey Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
EM ahouston2@unl.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-12-1-0412]; NSSL under a
Director's Discretionary Research Fund (DDRF) grant; NSSL DDRF grant
FX The authors are grateful to the two anonymous reviewers, whose comments
and corrections greatly improved the quality of this article. Authors
ALH, RJL, TWN, and BA were funded by Air Force Office of Scientific
Research Grant FA9550-12-1-0412 to conduct this work. The NSSL-loaned
Aeroprobe five-port probe and funding to install it on the Tempest was
provided for AVIATE by the NSSL under a Director's Discretionary
Research Fund (DDRF) grant to coauthor CLZ. The NSSL DDRF grant also
provided funding for the NSSL Field Observing Facilities Support group
to mount the Tempest on the NSSL MM and travel support for the NSSL
coauthors to participate in AVIATE. The Center for Severe Weather
Research is gratefully acknowledged for providing Doppler on Wheels
mobile radar coverage during AVIATE. The Colorado State University CHILL
radar is also acknowledged for providing additional radar support. The
authors also acknowledge the field deployment support provided by the
Research and Engineering Center for Unmanned Vehicles pilot/flight
engineer James Mack.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 8
BP 1569
EP 1582
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-15-0178.1
PG 14
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV4LI
UT WOS:000382896700001
ER
PT J
AU Boukabara, SA
Moradi, I
Atlas, R
Casey, SPF
Cucurull, L
Hoffman, RN
Ide, K
Kumar, VK
Li, RF
Li, ZL
Masutani, M
Shahroudi, N
Woollen, J
Zhou, Y
AF Boukabara, Sid-Ahmed
Moradi, Isaac
Atlas, Robert
Casey, Sean P. F.
Cucurull, Lidia
Hoffman, Ross N.
Ide, Kayo
Kumar, V. Krishna
Li, Ruifang
Li, Zhenglong
Masutani, Michiko
Shahroudi, Narges
Woollen, Jack
Zhou, Yan
TI Community Global Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) Package
(CGOP): Description and Usage
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; ENSEMBLE DATA ASSIMILATION; GLAS MODEL
FORECASTS; NATIONAL CENTERS; RESOLUTION; TEMPERATURE; VALIDATION;
PREDICTION; IMPACT; WIND
AB A modular extensible framework for conducting observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) has been developed with the goals of 1) supporting decision-makers with quantitative assessments of proposed observing systems investments, 2) supporting readiness for new sensors, 3) enhancing collaboration across the community by making the most up-to-date OSSE components accessible, and 4) advancing the theory and practical application of OSSEs. This first implementation, the Community Global OSSE Package (CGOP), is for short- to medium-range global numerical weather prediction applications. The CGOP is based on a new mesoscale global nature run produced by NASA using the 7-km cubed sphere version of the Goddard Earth Observing System, version 5 (GEOS-5), atmospheric general circulation model and the January 2015 operational version of the NOAA global data assimilation (DA) system. CGOP includes procedures to simulate the full suite of observing systems used operationally in the global DA system, including conventional in situ, satellite-based radiance, and radio occultation observations. The methodology of adding a new proposed observation type is documented and illustrated with examples of current interest. The CGOP is designed to evolve, both to improve its realism and to keep pace with the advance of operational systems.
C1 [Boukabara, Sid-Ahmed; Kumar, V. Krishna] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Moradi, Isaac; Ide, Kayo; Kumar, V. Krishna; Masutani, Michiko; Shahroudi, Narges; Zhou, Yan] Joint Ctr Satellite Data Assimilat, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Moradi, Isaac; Ide, Kayo; Masutani, Michiko; Shahroudi, Narges; Zhou, Yan] Univ Maryland, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Atlas, Robert; Casey, Sean P. F.; Cucurull, Lidia; Hoffman, Ross N.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Casey, Sean P. F.; Hoffman, Ross N.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33152 USA.
[Cucurull, Lidia] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Syst Div, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Kumar, V. Krishna] Riverside Technol Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Li, Ruifang] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Li, Zhenglong] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
[Woollen, Jack] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Boukabara, Sid-Ahmed] NOAA, Off Assistant Secretary Commerce Environm Observa, Washington, DC 20233 USA.
RP Boukabara, SA (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, 5830 Univ Res Court,Suite 2617, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM sid.boukabara@noaa.gov
RI Boukabara, Sid Ahmed/F-5577-2010; Atlas, Robert/A-5963-2011
OI Boukabara, Sid Ahmed/0000-0002-1857-3806; Atlas,
Robert/0000-0002-0706-3560
FU Disaster Relief Appropriations Act [H.R. 152]; NOAA Quantitative
Observing Systems Assessment Program (QOSAP) [NA14OAR4830103,
NO14OAR4830157, NA14OAR4830094, NA14OAR4830105]
FX Support for this work is gratefully acknowledged, including funding
provided by the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act of 2013 (H.R. 152),
by the NOAA Quantitative Observing Systems Assessment Program (QOSAP),
and through the following NOAA grants: NA14OAR4830103, "CIMAS
Contributions to OAR Disaster Recovery Act Projects"; NO14OAR4830157,
"Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) in support of JCSDA's
contribution to NOAA's Data Gap Mitigation Strategy Assessment";
NA14OAR4830094, "CIMSS Participation in NOAA Laboratory Activity for
Observing System Simulation Experiments"; and NA14OAR4830105,
"Establishment of a NOAA Laboratory Activity for Observing System
Simulation Experiments (OSSEs)."
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 8
BP 1759
EP 1777
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-16-0012.1
PG 19
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV4LI
UT WOS:000382896700013
ER
PT J
AU Xie, XX
Evaristo, R
Troemel, S
Saavedra, P
Simmer, C
Ryzhkov, A
AF Xie, Xinxin
Evaristo, Raquel
Troemel, Silke
Saavedra, Pablo
Simmer, Clemens
Ryzhkov, Alexander
TI Radar Observation of Evaporation and Implications for Quantitative
Precipitation and Cooling Rate Estimation
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RAINDROP SIZE DISTRIBUTION; POLARIMETRIC RADAR; X-BAND; DISTRIBUTION
RETRIEVAL; MODEL; PARAMETERIZATION; CALIBRATION; BREAKUP; PHYSICS;
IMPACT
AB This study analyzes radar observations of evaporation in rain and investigates its impact on surface rainfall and atmospheric cooling rates. A 1D model is used to examine the impact of raindrop evaporation on the evolution of the initial raindrop size distribution (DSD), the resulting reflectivity (Z), and differential reflectivity (ZDR) and surface rain rates. Raindrop evaporation leads to a decrease of Z and an increase of Z(DR) toward the surface because of the depletion of small raindrops that evaporate first and thus enhance the mean raindrop size. The latter effect, however, can be reduced because of the increasing temperature toward the surface and may even lead to a decrease of Z(DR) toward the surface. Two events with significant rain evaporation, observed simultaneously by a polarimetric X-band radar and a K-band Micro Rain Radar (MRR), offer quite detailed insight into the evaporation process. During the first event, which exhibits an initial Z(DR) > 1.5 dB in the upper rain column, raindrops undergo relatively weak evaporation as deduced from the decrease of the small raindrop fraction observed by the MRR. The second event is characterized by a lower initial Z(DR) < 0.5 dB with all raindrops evaporating before reaching the ground. A retrieval scheme for estimating the evaporation-related cooling rate and surface precipitation from polarimetric radar observations below the bright band is derived based on MRR observations. The algorithm is then used to simulate polarimetric X-band radar observations, which might mitigate uncertainties in the surface rainfall retrievals due to evaporation at far distances from the radars and in the case of beam blocking.
C1 [Xie, Xinxin; Evaristo, Raquel; Troemel, Silke; Saavedra, Pablo; Simmer, Clemens] Univ Bonn, Inst Meteorol, Huegel 20, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Ryzhkov, Alexander] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Ryzhkov, Alexander] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Xie, XX (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Inst Meteorol, Huegel 20, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
EM xxie@uni-bonn.de
RI Simmer, Clemens/M-4949-2013
OI Simmer, Clemens/0000-0003-3001-8642
FU Federal Ministry of Education and Research in Germany (BMBF) [FKZ:
01LK1219A, 01LK1210A]; NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
under NOAA University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement, U.S. Department
of Commerce [NA11OAR4320072]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [SFB/TR
32]
FX This work has been funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and
Research in Germany (BMBF) through the research program "High Definition
Clouds and Precipitation for Climate Prediction" [HD(CP)2]
(FKZ: 01LK1219A and 01LK1210A). Funding for A. Ryzhkov was provided by
NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA University of
Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S. Department of
Commerce. We thank Martin Lennefer and Kai Muehlbauer at the University
of Bonn and the SFB/TR 32 (Trans regional Collaborative Research Centre
32; http://www.tr32.de/), funded by the German Research Foundation
(DFG), for maintaining the instruments and for making the BoXPol and MRR
data available. We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for
their valuable comments, which helped us to greatly improve the paper.
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 8
BP 1779
EP 1792
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-15-0244.1
PG 14
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV4LI
UT WOS:000382896700014
ER
PT J
AU Gao, KH
Wu, JT
Zhang, PG
Lemmon, EW
AF Gao, Kehui
Wu, Jiangtao
Zhang, Penggang
Lemmon, Eric W.
TI A Helmholtz Energy Equation of State for Sulfur Dioxide
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
LA English
DT Article
ID VAPOR-LIQUID-EQUILIBRIUM; THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS; BINARY-MIXTURES;
DIMETHYL ETHER; CRITICAL-POINT; PRESSURE; SYSTEMS; TEMPERATURES; HEAT;
VAPORIZATION
AB A Helmholtz energy equation of state with independent variables of temperature and density was developed for sulfur dioxide (SO2) based on thermodynamic property data from the literature. The equation of state is valid from the triple-point temperature of 197.7 to 525 K, with pressures up to 35 MPa and densities up to 25.4 mol.dm(-3). The uncertainties in density of the equation of state are 0.1% in the liquid phase, 0.25% in the vapor phase, and 1% in the critical region. The uncertainty in vapor pressure is 0.2% and the uncertainty in saturated liquid density is 0.2% below 410 K. The uncertainty in isobaric heat capacity is 2% between 200 and 290 K. In the critical region, the uncertainties are higher for all properties except for vapor pressure. The behavior of the equation of state is correct not only within the region of validity, but also at high temperatures and pressures, and far below the triple-point temperature.
C1 [Gao, Kehui; Wu, Jiangtao] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, MOE Key Lab Thermofluid Sci & Engn, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Penggang] Shenyang Blower Works Grp Corp, Res Inst, Shenyang 110869, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
[Lemmon, Eric W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Lemmon, EW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Eric.Lemmon@nist.gov
NR 56
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 17
U2 17
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-9568
J9 J CHEM ENG DATA
JI J. Chem. Eng. Data
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 61
IS 8
BP 2859
EP 2872
DI 10.1021/acs.jced.6b00195
PG 14
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering
GA DT4LJ
UT WOS:000381452300023
ER
PT J
AU Downes, SM
Hogg, AM
Griffies, SM
Samuels, BL
AF Downes, Stephanie M.
Hogg, Andrew McC.
Griffies, Stephen M.
Samuels, Bonita L.
TI The Transient Response of Southern Ocean Circulation to Geothermal
Heating in a Global Climate Model
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION;
CORE-II SIMULATIONS; SEA-ICE; ABYSSAL OCEAN; DEEP-OCEAN; DRAKE PASSAGE;
EARTH-SYSTEM; WATER MASSES; BOTTOM WATER
AB Model and observational studies have concluded that geothermal heating significantly alters the global overturning circulation and the properties of the widely distributed Antarctic Bottom Water. Here two distinct geothermal heat flux datasets are tested under different experimental designs in a fully coupled model that mimics the control run of a typical Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) climate model. The regional analysis herein reveals that bottom temperature and transport changes, due to the inclusion of geothermal heating, are propagated throughout the water column, most prominently in the Southern Ocean, with the background density structure and major circulation pathways acting as drivers of these changes. While geothermal heating enhances Southern Ocean abyssal overturning circulation by 20%-50%, upwelling of warmer deep waters and cooling of upper ocean waters within the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) region decrease its transport by 3-5 Sv (1 Sv = 10(6) m(3) s (1)). The transient responses in regional bottom temperature increases exceed 0.1 degrees C. The large-scale features that are shown to transport anomalies far from their geothermal source all exist in the Southern Ocean. Such features include steeply sloping isopycnals, weak abyssal stratification, voluminous southward flowing deep waters and exported bottom waters, the ACC, and the polar gyres. Recently the Southern Ocean has been identified as a prime region for deep ocean warming; geothermal heating should be included in climate models to ensure accurate representation of these abyssal temperature changes.
C1 [Downes, Stephanie M.; Hogg, Andrew McC.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Acton, ACT, Australia.
[Downes, Stephanie M.; Hogg, Andrew McC.] Australian Natl Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Acton, ACT, Australia.
[Downes, Stephanie M.] Univ Tasmania, Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Private Bag 80, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Griffies, Stephen M.; Samuels, Bonita L.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Downes, SM (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Private Bag 80, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
EM s.downes@utas.edu.au
RI Hogg, Andy/A-7553-2011
OI Hogg, Andy/0000-0001-5898-7635
FU ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science [CE110001028];
Australian Government's Business Cooperative Research Centres Programme
through the Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre
(ACE CRC); Australian Research Council [FT120100842]; Australian
Commonwealth Government
FX We are grateful for constructive comments by Carolina Dufour and Adele
Morrison on earlier versions of the manuscript, and by Ali Mashayek and
two anonymous reviewers. We thank Stephen Rintoul for discussion
relating to the observed Southern Ocean dynamics and circulation
pathways, and Rhodri Davies for providing the Davies and Davies (2010)
dataset and associated discussion. SMD was primarily supported by the
ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science (Grant CE110001028),
and also supported by the Australian Government's Business Cooperative
Research Centres Programme through the Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems
Cooperative Research Centre (ACE CRC). AMH was supported by an
Australian Research Council Future Fellowship FT120100842. This research
was undertaken on the NCI National Facility in Canberra, Australia,
which is supported by the Australian Commonwealth Government.
NR 63
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 16
BP 5689
EP 5708
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0458.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT1DB
UT WOS:000381220800001
ER
PT J
AU Kossin, JP
Emanuel, KA
Camargo, SJ
AF Kossin, James P.
Emanuel, Kerry A.
Camargo, Suzana J.
TI Past and Projected Changes in Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone
Exposure
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID TYPHOON TRACKS; FUTURE CHANGES; INTERNAL VARIABILITY; DECADAL
VARIABILITY; PASSAGE FREQUENCY; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; CLIMATE MODELS;
SIMULATIONS; CMIP5; INTENSITY
AB The average latitude where tropical cyclones (TCs) reach their peak intensity has been observed to be shifting poleward in some regions over the past 30 years, apparently in concert with the independently observed expansion of the tropical belt. This poleward migration is particularly well observed and robust in the western North Pacific Ocean (WNP). Such a migration is expected to cause systematic changes, both increases and decreases, in regional hazard exposure and risk, particularly if it persists through the present century. Here, it is shown that the past poleward migration in the WNP has coincided with decreased TC exposure in the region of the Philippine and South China Seas, including the Marianas, the Philippines, Vietnam, and southern China, and increased exposure in the region of the East China Sea, including Japan and its Ryukyu Islands, the Korea Peninsula, and parts of eastern China. Additionally, it is shown that projections of WNP TCs simulated by, and downscaled from, an ensemble of numerical models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) demonstrate a continuing poleward migration into the present century following the emissions projections of the representative concentration pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5). The projected migration causes a shift in regional TC exposure that is very similar in pattern and relative amplitude to the past observed shift. In terms of regional differences in vulnerability and resilience based on past TC exposure, the potential ramifications of these future changes are significant. Questions of attribution for the changes are discussed in terms of tropical belt expansion and Pacific decadal sea surface temperature variability.
C1 [Kossin, James P.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Asheville, NC USA.
[Emanuel, Kerry A.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Camargo, Suzana J.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
RP Kossin, JP (reprint author), NOAA, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, 1225 West Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM james.kossin@noaa.gov
RI Camargo, Suzana/C-6106-2009
OI Camargo, Suzana/0000-0002-0802-5160
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers for
Environmental Information (NOAA/NCEI); National Science Foundation
[1461517, AGS-1143959]; Office of Naval Research [N000140910526]; NOAA
[NA110AR4310093]
FX JPK is supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Centers for Environmental Information (NOAA/NCEI). KAE
acknowledges support from National Science Foundation Grant 1461517 and
Office of Naval Research Grant N000140910526. SJC acknowledges support
from NOAA Grant NA110AR4310093 and National Science Foundation Grant
AGS-1143959.
NR 63
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 8
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 16
BP 5725
EP 5739
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0076.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT1DB
UT WOS:000381220800003
ER
PT J
AU Baldwin, J
Vecchi, G
AF Baldwin, Jane
Vecchi, Gabriel
TI Influence of the Tian Shan on Arid Extratropical Asia
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID TIBETAN PLATEAU; REGIONAL CLIMATE; TIEN-SHAN; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION;
SUMMER MONSOON; WESTERLY JET; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY;
NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; WATER-RESOURCES; USE EFFICIENCY
AB Arid extratropical Asia (AEA) is bisected at the wetter Tian Shan (a northern offshoot of the Tibetan Plateau) into east and west deserts, each with unique climatological characteristics. The east deserts (similar to 35 degrees-55 degrees N, similar to 45 degrees-75 degrees E) have a summer precipitation maximum, and the west deserts (similar to 35 degrees-55 degrees N, similar to 45 degrees-75 degrees E) have a winter-spring precipitation maximum. A new high-resolution (50 km atmosphere-land) global coupled climate model is run with the Tian Shan removed to determine whether these mountains are responsible for the climatological east-west differentiation of AEA. Multicentennial simulations for the Control and NoTianshan runs highlight statistically significant effects of the Tian Shan. Overall, the Tian Shan are found to enhance the precipitation seasonality gradient across AEA, mostly through altering the east deserts. The Tian Shan dramatically change the precipitation seasonality of the Taklimakan Desert directly to its east (the driest part of AEA) by blocking west winter precipitation, enhancing subsidence over this region, and increasing east summer precipitation. The Tian Shan increase east summer precipitation through two mechanisms: 1) orographic precipitation, which is greatest on the eastern edge of the Tian Shan in summer, and 2) remote enhancement of the East Asian summer monsoon through alteration of the larger-scale seasonal mean atmospheric circulation. The decrease in east winter precipitation also generates remote warming of the Altai and Kunlun Shan, mountains northeast and southeast of the Tian Shan, respectively, due to reduction of snow cover and corresponding albedo decrease.
C1 [Baldwin, Jane] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Vecchi, Gabriel] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Baldwin, J (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM janewb@princeton.edu
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X
FU National Science Foundation [DGE 1148900]; NOAA Climate Program Office
FX CMAP, GPCP, and University of Delaware precipitation data provided by
the NOAA/OAR/ESRL Physical Sciences Division, Boulder, Colorado, from
their website (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/). University of East Anglia
data were provided by their Climate Research Unit from their website
(http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/data). We thank Thomas Delworth, Xiaosong
Yang, P.C.D. Milly, and Isaac Held for helping conceptualize this
project, and for useful comments and discussion. We also thank Seth
Underwood for his crucial technical support. Finally, we are grateful
for insightful comments from John Chiang and another anonymous reviewer.
JWB was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research
Fellowship under Grant DGE 1148900. This work was partially supported by
the NOAA Climate Program Office.
NR 104
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 16
BP 5741
EP 5762
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0490.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT1DB
UT WOS:000381220800004
ER
PT J
AU van der Linden, R
Fink, AH
Pinto, JG
Tan, PV
Kiladis, GN
AF van der Linden, Roderick
Fink, Andreas H.
Pinto, Joaquim G.
Tan Phan-Van
Kiladis, George N.
TI Modulation of Daily Rainfall in Southern Vietnam by the Madden-Julian
Oscillation and Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SUMMER INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION; SYSTEM VERSION 2; MJO; PRECIPITATION;
MONSOON; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; SEASONALITY; VARIABILITY; PREDICTION
AB Rainfall extremes have a large socioeconomic relevance for southern Vietnam. More than 30 million people live in this low-lying, flood-prone region in Southeast Asia. In this study the influence of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) and convectively coupled equatorial waves on the modulation of daily rainfall during the rainy season (May-October) is evaluated and quantified using an extensive station database and the gridded Asian Precipitation-Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Toward Evaluation of Water Resources (APHRODITE) product for different phases of the equatorial waves.
The MJO, Kelvin, and equatorial Rossby (ER) waves significantly modulate daily rainfall in Vietnam south of 16 degrees N. The MJO shows the most coherent signals across the region, followed by ER waves, whose influence is strongest in central Vietnam; Kelvin waves only affect the southern parts of Vietnam. For all waves, the frequency of occurrence of intense daily rainfall larger than 25 mm is significantly enhanced during wet phases, whereas the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is related to the wave's amplitude only in the MJO and ER cases. A novel wave interference diagram reveals strong positive interferences of dry and wet anomalies when the MJO occurs concurrently with Kelvin and ER waves. In terms of causes of rainfall anomalies, the waves modulate tropospheric moisture convergence over the region, but a strong influence on the depth of the monsoon flow and the vertical wind shear is discernible from radiosonde data only for the MJO. The results suggest new opportunities for submonthly prediction of dry and wet spells in Indochina.
C1 [van der Linden, Roderick; Pinto, Joaquim G.] Univ Cologne, Inst Geophys & Meteorol, Pohligstr 3, D-50969 Cologne, Germany.
[Fink, Andreas H.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Pinto, Joaquim G.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England.
[Tan Phan-Van] Vietnam Natl Univ, Hanoi Univ Sci, Dept Meteorol, Hanoi, Vietnam.
[Kiladis, George N.] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP van der Linden, R (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Geophys & Meteorol, Pohligstr 3, D-50969 Cologne, Germany.
EM rvdlinde@uni-koeln.de
RI Pinto, Joaquim/A-7352-2009; Fink, Andreas/F-3024-2017
OI Pinto, Joaquim/0000-0002-8865-1769; Fink, Andreas/0000-0002-5840-2120
FU EWATEC-COAST project (BMBF) [02WCL1217C]; NAFOSTED project
[105.06-2014.44]
FX The first three authors acknowledge support for their research leading
to these results by the EWATEC-COAST project (BMBF Grant 02WCL1217C).
The fourth author acknowledges support for his research from the
NAFOSTED project No. 105.06-2014.44. We wish to thank three anonymous
reviewers for their valuable comments that helped to substantially
improve the manuscript.
NR 54
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 16
BP 5801
EP 5820
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0911.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT1DB
UT WOS:000381220800007
ER
PT J
AU Vant-Hull, B
Rossow, W
Pearl, C
AF Vant-Hull, Brian
Rossow, William
Pearl, Cindy
TI Global Comparisons of Regional Life Cycle Properties and Motion of
Multiday Convective Systems: Tropical and Midlatitude Land and Ocean
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; CLOUD CLUSTERS; WESTERN PACIFIC; DIURNAL
CYCLE; SCALE ORGANIZATION; WEATHER STATES; WARM POOL; ISCCP;
CIRCULATION; MECHANISMS
AB Tracking of convective cloud systems (cloud-top temperature <245 K) in geosynchronous satellite images at 3-h intervals is used to determine life cycle statistics of convective systems in four regimes: tropical land and ocean and midlatitude land and ocean, including seasonal comparisons. The ISCCP tracking dataset covers the period 1984-2006. Only systems with lifetimes greater than or equal to 1 day that were moving predominantly eastward or westward are considered, with splits and merges combined into larger extended convective systems. The life cycle variables are lifetime (duration), maximum area, and minimum cloud-top temperature. These are compared to each other and to the speed of longitudinal motion. Distributions and relationships between the life cycle variables are similar to previous studies based on single-day lifetimes, but the current study is globally extensive (all longitudes at lower and middle latitudes) and multidecadal, which allows extension of such results to rarer, larger, and longer-lived convective systems than previous work. Velocity distributions were monomodal with tails skewed in the direction of the zonal mean wind, being almost purely eastward in the midlatitudes but nearly symmetric in both directions with a small westward bias in the tropics. Representative life cycles for each geographical region are formed by averaging together systems with similar lifetimes. These composite life cycles show that, except for the first and last days, the daily evolution of most system variables exhibits little variation during the average multiday convective life cycle, although the cloud area goes through one cycle of expansion and contraction in a lifetime.
C1 [Vant-Hull, Brian] CUNY City Coll, NOAA, Cooperat Remote Sensing & Technol Inst, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Rossow, William; Pearl, Cindy] CUNY City Coll, Remote Sensing Climate Grp, NOAA, Cooperat Remote Sensing & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Vant-Hull, B (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, NOAA, CREST, Steinman Hall, New York, NY 10031 USA.
EM brianvh@ce.ccny.cuny.edu
FU NASA [NNX13AO39G]; NOAA/EPP Grant [NA11SEC4810004]
FX This work was made possible by NASA Grant NNX13AO39G. Additional support
was furnished by NOAA/EPP Grant NA11SEC4810004 to the CREST Institute at
the City University of New York. The authors thank three anonymous
reviewers for insightful comments that helped re-orient parts of this
work.
NR 62
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 16
BP 5837
EP 5858
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0698.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT1DB
UT WOS:000381220800009
ER
PT J
AU Chen, HC
Hu, ZZ
Huang, BH
Sui, CH
AF Chen, Han-Ching
Hu, Zeng-Zhen
Huang, Bohua
Sui, Chung-Hsiung
TI The Role of Reversed Equatorial Zonal Transport in Terminating an ENSO
Event
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID NINO-SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; OCEAN RECHARGE
PARADIGM; EL-NINO; LA-NINA; WESTERN PACIFIC; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY;
ATMOSPHERIC RESPONSE; ADVECTIVE FEEDBACKS; CONCEPTUAL-MODEL
AB This study shows the sudden basinwide reversal of anomalous equatorial zonal transport above the thermocline at the peaking phase of ENSO triggers rapid termination of ENSO events. The anomalous equatorial zonal transport is controlled by the concavity of anomalous thermocline meridional structure across the equator. During the developing phase of ENSO, opposite zonal transport anomalies form in the westerncentral and central-eastern equatorial Pacific, respectively. Both are driven by the equatorial thermocline anomalies in response to zonal wind anomalies over the western-central equatorial ocean. At this stage, the anomalous zonal transport in the east enhances ENSO growth through zonal SST advection. In the mature phase of ENSO, off-equatorial thermocline depth anomalies become more dominant in the eastern Pacific because of the reflection of equatorial signals at the eastern boundary. As a result, the meridional concavity of the thermocline anomalies is reversed in the east. This change reverses zonal transport rapidly in the central-to-eastern equatorial Pacific, joining with the existing reversed zonal transport anomalies farther to the west, and forms a basinwide transport reversal throughout the equatorial Pacific. This basinwide transport reversal weakens the ENSO SST anomalies by reversed advection. More importantly, the reversed zonal transport reduces the existing zonal tilting of the equatorial thermocline and weakens its feedback to wind anomalies effectively. This basinwide reversal is built in at the peak phase of ENSO as an oceanic control on the evolution of both El Nino and La Nina events. The reversed zonal transport anomaly after the mature phase weakens El Nino in the eastern Pacific more efficiently than it weakens La Nina.
C1 [Chen, Han-Ching; Sui, Chung-Hsiung] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Chen, Han-Ching; Huang, Bohua] George Mason Univ, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Hu, Zeng-Zhen] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Chen, HC (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
EM d00229002@ntu.edu.tw
RI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/B-4373-2011
OI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/0000-0002-8485-3400
FU Ministry of Science and Technology [104-2917-I-002-012,
104-2111-M-002-001]; NSF [AGS-1338427]; NOAA [NA14OAR4310160]; NASA
[NNX14AM19G]
FX This work is supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology
(104-2917-I-002-012 and 104-2111-M-002-001). The authors thank all
colleagues and students who contributed to this study. Bohua Huang is
supported by grants from NSF (AGS-1338427), NOAA (NA14OAR4310160), and
NASA (NNX14AM19G).
NR 49
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 16
BP 5859
EP 5877
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0047.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT1DB
UT WOS:000381220800010
ER
PT J
AU Munoz, AG
Goddard, L
Mason, SJ
Robertson, AW
AF Munoz, A. G.
Goddard, L.
Mason, S. J.
Robertson, A. W.
TI Cross-Time Scale Interactions and Rainfall Extreme Events in
Southeastern South America for the Austral Summer. Part II: Predictive
Skill
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; LA-NINA EVENTS; EL-NINO; PRECIPITATION
ANOMALIES; CLIMATE PREDICTION; MONSOON; BRAZIL; VARIABILITY; PACIFIC;
URUGUAY
AB Potential and real predictive skill of the frequency of extreme rainfall in southeastern South America for the December-February season are evaluated in this paper, finding evidence indicating that mechanisms of climate variability at one time scale contribute to the predictability at another scale; that is, taking into account the interference of different potential sources of predictability at different time scales increases the predictive skill. Part I of this study suggested that a set of daily atmospheric circulation regimes, or weather types, was sensitive to these cross-time scale interferences, conducive to the occurrence of extreme rainfall events in the region, and could be used as a potential predictor. At seasonal scale, a combination of those weather types indeed tends to outperform all the other candidate predictors explored (i.e., sea surface temperature patterns, phases of the Madden-Julian oscillation, and combinations of both). Spatially averaged Kendall's tau improvements of 43% for the potential predictability and 23% for real-time predictions are attained with respect to standard models considering sea surface temperature fields alone. A new subseasonal-to-seasonal predictive methodology for extreme rainfall events is proposed based on probability forecasts of seasonal sequences of these weather types. The cross-validated real-time skill of the new probabilistic approach, as measured by the hit score and the Heidke skill score, is on the order of twice that associated with climatological values. The approach is designed to offer useful subseasonal-to-seasonal climate information to decision-makers interested not only in how many extreme events will happen in the season but also in how, when, and where those events will probably occur.
C1 [Munoz, A. G.; Goddard, L.; Mason, S. J.; Robertson, A. W.] Columbia Univ, Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, Earth Inst, Palisades, NY USA.
[Munoz, A. G.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Munoz, AG (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.; Munoz, AG (reprint author), Princeton Univ, NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM angel.g.munoz@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [AGS1049066]; ONR MURI Grant
[N00014-12-1-0911]
FX The authors are grateful to two anonymous reviewers, Vincent Moron,
Cathy Vaughan, Walter Baethgen, and Yochanan Kushnir for stimulating
discussions about different aspects of the paper; to Frederic Vitart
(ECMWF) for providing the MJO forecasts used in this research; and to
Mike Bell and Remi Cousin, from the IRI Data Library Team, for their
invaluable help making available several datasets and some obscure
Ingrid coding routines. This work was supported by the National Science
Foundation project AGS1049066 (SESA project), and it was part of Munoz's
doctoral thesis as Faculty Fellow at the Department of Earth and
Environmental Sciences (DEES) of Columbia University. Robertson was
supported by ONR MURI Grant N00014-12-1-0911. The authors declare no
conflict of interests.
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 16
BP 5915
EP 5934
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0699.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT1DB
UT WOS:000381220800013
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LP
Delworth, TL
AF Zhang, Liping
Delworth, Thomas L.
TI Simulated Response of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation to Climate Change
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID KUROSHIO-OYASHIO EXTENSION; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NORTH PACIFIC; SST
ANOMALIES; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; COUPLED MODELS; PART I; VARIABILITY;
OCEAN; ENSO
AB The impact of climate change on the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) is studied using a fully coupled climate model. The model results show that the PDO has a similar spatial pattern in altered climates, but its amplitude and time scale of variability change in response to global warming or cooling. In response to global warming the PDO amplitude is significantly reduced, with a maximum decrease over the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension (KOE) region. This reduction appears to be associated with a weakened meridional temperature gradient in the KOE region. In addition, reduced variability of North Pacific wind stress, partially due to reduced air-sea feedback, also helps to weaken the PDO amplitude by reducing the meridional displacements of the subtropical and subpolar gyre boundaries. In contrast, the PDO amplitude increases in response to global cooling.
In the control simulations the model PDO has an approximately bidecadal peak. In a warmer climate the PDO time scale becomes shorter, changing from similar to 20 to similar to 12 yr. In a colder climate the time scale of the PDO increases to similar to 34 yr. Physically, global warming (cooling) enhances (weakens) ocean stratification. The increased (decreased) ocean stratification acts to increase (reduce) the phase speed of internal Rossby waves, thereby altering the time scale of the simulated PDO.
C1 [Zhang, Liping] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Zhang, Liping; Delworth, Thomas L.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Zhang, LP (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM liping.zhang@noaa.gov
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 16
BP 5999
EP 6018
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0690.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT1DB
UT WOS:000381220800018
ER
PT J
AU Lofgren, BM
Rouhana, J
AF Lofgren, Brent M.
Rouhana, Jonathan
TI Physically Plausible Methods for Projecting Changes in Great Lakes Water
Levels under Climate Change Scenarios
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID EARTH SYSTEM MODEL; POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; SIMULATION
CHARACTERISTICS; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; CHANGE IMPACTS; PART I;
AVAILABILITY; TEMPERATURE; FORMULATION; RESOURCES
AB A method for projecting the water levels of the Laurentian Great Lakes under scenarios of human-caused climate change, used almost to the exclusion of other methods in the past, relies very heavily on the large basin runoff model (LBRM) as a component for determining the water budget for the lake system. This model uses near-surface air temperature as a primary predictor of evapotranspiration (ET); as in previous published work, it is shown here that the model's very high sensitivity to temperature causes it to overestimate ET in a way that is greatly at variance with the fundamental principle of conservation of energy at the land surface. The traditional formulation is characterized here as being equivalent to having several suns in the virtual sky created by LBRM. More physically based methods show, relative to the traditional method, often astoundingly less potential ET and less ET, more runoff from the land and net basin supply for the lake basins, and higher lake water levels in the future. Using various methods of estimating the statistical significance, it is found that, at minimum, these discrepancies in results are significant at the 99.998% level. The lesson for the larger climate impact community is to use caution about whether an impact is forced directly by air temperature itself or is significantly forced by season or latitude independently of temperature. The results here apply only to the water levels of the Great Lakes and the hydrology of its basin and do not affect larger questions of climate change.
C1 [Lofgren, Brent M.; Rouhana, Jonathan] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Rouhana, Jonathan] Univ Notre Dame, South Bend, IN USA.
RP Lofgren, BM (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM brent.lofgren@noaa.gov
OI Lofgren, Brent/0000-0003-2189-0914
FU NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory
FX This paper benefited from discussions with A. D. Gronewold, D. H. Lee,
and R. Bolinger. Anonymous reviewers have helped with clarity,
corrections, and content. This work was supported by NOAA Great Lakes
Environmental Research Laboratory base funding, with Jonathan Rouhana
working on a volunteer basis.
NR 54
TC 1
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U1 7
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 8
BP 2209
EP 2223
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-15-0220.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DW0DG
UT WOS:000383310500006
ER
PT J
AU Ibarra-Castro, L
Webb, KA
Holt, GJ
AF Ibarra-Castro, Leonardo
Webb, Kenneth A., Jr.
Holt, G. Joan
TI Molecular cloning, tissue distribution and ontogenetic expression of
growth hormone in cobia, Rachycentron canadum
SO REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA MARINA Y OCEANOGRAFIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cobia; growth hormone; molecular cloning; larvae; ontogenetic expression
ID RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEM; JUVENILE COBIA; MESSENGER-RNA;
SPARUS-AURATA; LIPID-LEVELS; LARVAE; PROTEIN; SURVIVAL; FISH;
PERFORMANCE
AB Worldwide, the growth of marine aquaculture is limited by a number of factors. One of the most important is the development of larviculture protocols to produce adequate numbers of juveniles to stock grow-out systems at a convenient cost. In order to develop a tool to assess the nutritional status of cobia larvae, we have cloned and sequenced the Growth Hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland of adult fish, and examined the ontogenetic expression in embryonic and larval specimens by qPCR, as well as tissue distribution in wild adult animals by RT-PCR. The cobia GH sequence showed similarity to the GH sequence of Coryphaena hippurus (mahi mahi), Seriola dumerili (Greater amberjack) and Seriola quinqueradiata (Yellowtail). GH gene expression was studied in 18 different tissues, but was only detected in the pituitary gland, eyes, gill and red muscle. Expression levels were very low in embryos and in early larvae but just before the first feeding, gene expression increased dramatically ((similar to)1000 fold) and remained high for the rest of the collection period (to 300 h post fertilization). This pattern of expression is similar to that seen in other rapidly growing temperate marine fish and underscores the rapid somatic growth that begins with the onset of feeding in cobia.
C1 [Ibarra-Castro, Leonardo; Webb, Kenneth A., Jr.; Holt, G. Joan] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Marine Sci, Fisheries & Mariculture Lab, 750 Channel View Dr, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.
[Webb, Kenneth A., Jr.] NOAA, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Ibarra-Castro, Leonardo] Ctr Invest Alimentac & Desarrollo CIAD AC, Lab Reprod & Marine Finfish Hatchery, Unidad Mazatlan, Ave Sabalo Cerritos S-N,AP 711, Mazatlan 82000, Sinaloa, Mexico.
RP Ibarra-Castro, L (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Inst Marine Sci, Fisheries & Mariculture Lab, 750 Channel View Dr, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.; Ibarra-Castro, L (reprint author), Ctr Invest Alimentac & Desarrollo CIAD AC, Lab Reprod & Marine Finfish Hatchery, Unidad Mazatlan, Ave Sabalo Cerritos S-N,AP 711, Mazatlan 82000, Sinaloa, Mexico.
EM leonardo.ibarra@ciad.mx
FU NOAA National Sea Grant College Program Aquaculture Funds; Perry R. Bass
Endowed Chair; CONACYT through the 'Programa de Posdoctorado Mixto
Convocatoria'
FX This research was partially supported by the NOAA National Sea Grant
College Program Aquaculture Funds and the Perry R. Bass Endowed Chair.
We would like to thank everyone at FAML, particularly Cynthia Faulk and
Rick Kline, for all of their advice and technical assistance throughout
the course of this project. The first author was supported by CONACYT
through the 'Programa de Posdoctorado Mixto Convocatoria 2009'. This is
contribution number 1711 of the University of Texas at Austin Marine
Science Institute.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU UNIV VALPARAISO
PI VINA DEL MAR
PA FACULTAD CIENCIAS MAR RECURSOS NATURALES, CASILLA 5080 - RENACA, VINA
DEL MAR, 00000, CHILE
SN 0717-3326
EI 0718-1957
J9 REV BIOL MAR OCEANOG
JI Rev. Biol. Mar. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 51
IS 2
BP 421
EP 428
PG 8
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DU3ZL
UT WOS:000382151100018
ER
PT J
AU Sanders, KJ
Barjenbruch, BL
AF Sanders, Kristopher J.
Barjenbruch, Brian L.
TI Analysis of Ice-to-Liquid Ratios during Freezing Rain and the
Development of an Ice Accumulation Model
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; PRECIPITATION; CLIMATOLOGY
AB Substantial freezing rain or drizzle occurs in about 24% of winter weather events in the continental United States. Proper preparation for these freezing rain events requires accurate forecasts of ice accumulation on various surfaces. The Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) has become the primary surface weather observation system in the United States, and more than 650 ASOS sites have implemented an icing sensor as of March 2015. ASOS observations that included ice accumulation were examined from January 2013 through February 2015. The data chosen for this study consist of 60-min periods of continuous freezing rain with precipitation rates >= 0.5 mm h(-1) (0.02 in. h(-1)) and greater than a trace of ice accumulation, yielding a dataset of 1255 h of observations. Ice:liquid. ratios (ILRs) were calculated for each 60-min period and analyzed with 60-min mean values of temperature, wet-bulb temperature, wind speed, and precipitation rate. The median ILR for elevated horizontal (radial) ice accumulation was 0.72:1 (0.28:1), with a 25th percentile of 0.50:1 (0.20:1) and a 75th percentile of 1.0:1 (0.40:1). Strong relationships were identified between ILR and precipitation rate, wind speed, and wet-bulb temperature. The results were used to develop a multivariable Freezing Rain Accumulation Model (FRAM) for use in predicting ice accumulation incorporating these commonly forecast variables as input. FRAM performed significantly better than other commonly used forecast methods when tested on 20 randomly chosen icing events, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.17 mm (0.046 in.), and a bias of -0.03 mm (-0.001 in.).
C1 [Sanders, Kristopher J.; Barjenbruch, Brian L.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, 1116 NE Strait Ave, Topeka, KS 66616 USA.
RP Sanders, KJ (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, Weather Forecast Off, 1116 NE Strait Ave, Topeka, KS 66616 USA.
EM kris.sanders@noaa.gov
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 4
BP 1041
EP 1060
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0118.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV8VX
UT WOS:000383215900001
ER
PT J
AU Djalalova, IV
Olson, J
Carley, JR
Bianco, L
Wilczak, JM
Pichugina, Y
Banta, R
Marquis, M
Cline, J
AF Djalalova, Irina V.
Olson, Joseph
Carley, Jacob R.
Bianco, Laura
Wilczak, James M.
Pichugina, Yelena
Banta, Robert
Marquis, Melinda
Cline, Joel
TI The POWER Experiment: Impact of Assimilation of a Network of Coastal
Wind Profiling Radars on Simulating Offshore Winds in and above the Wind
Turbine Layer
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; DOPPLER LIDAR; MODEL; IMPLEMENTATION; FORECASTS; ENERGY
AB During the summer of 2004 a network of 11 wind profiling radars (WPRs) was deployed in New England as part of the New England Air Quality Study (NEAQS). Observations from this dataset are used to determine their impact on numerical weather prediction (NWP) model skill at simulating coastal and offshore winds through data-denial experiments. This study is a part of the Position of Offshore Wind Energy Resources (POWER) experiment, a Department of Energy (DOE) sponsored project that uses National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) models for two 1-week periods to measure the impact of the assimilation of observations from 11 inland WPRs. Model simulations with and without assimilation of the WPR data are compared at the locations of the inland WPRs, as well as against observations from an additional WPR and a high-resolution Doppler lidar (HRDL) located on board the Research Vessel Ronald H. Brown (RHB), which cruised the Gulf of Maine during the NEAQS experiment. Model evaluation in the lowest 2 km above the ground shows a positive impact of the WPR data assimilation from the initialization time through the next five to six forecast hours at the WPR locations for 12 of 15 days analyzed, when offshore winds prevailed. A smaller positive impact at the RHB ship track was also confirmed. For the remaining three days, during which time there was a cyclone event with strong onshore wind flow, the assimilation of additional observations had a negative impact on model skill. Explanations for the negative impact are offered.
C1 [Djalalova, Irina V.; Olson, Joseph; Bianco, Laura; Pichugina, Yelena] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Djalalova, Irina V.; Olson, Joseph; Bianco, Laura; Wilczak, James M.; Pichugina, Yelena; Banta, Robert; Marquis, Melinda] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway,MS PSD3, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Carley, Jacob R.] IM Syst Grp Inc, College Pk, MD USA.
[Carley, Jacob R.] NOAA, NWS, Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Cline, Joel] Dept Energy, Off Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Washington, DC USA.
RP Djalalova, IV (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway,MS PSD3, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM irina.v.djalalova@noaa.gov
RI Banta, Robert/B-8361-2008
FU DOE's Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Wind and Water
Program; NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory
FX We wish to acknowledge Daniel Gottas and Timothy Coleman from the
NOAA/ESRL/PSD group for refurbishing wind profiling radar data from 2004
with up-to-date new technology. This study was funded by a grant from
the DOE's Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Wind and Water
Program and by NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory.
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 4
BP 1071
EP 1091
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0104.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV8VX
UT WOS:000383215900003
ER
PT J
AU Ou, MH
Charles, M
Collins, DC
AF Ou, Melissa H.
Charles, Mike
Collins, Dan C.
TI Sensitivity of Calibrated Week-2 Probabilistic Forecast Skill to
Reforecast Sampling of the NCEP Global Ensemble Forecast System
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; ECMWF; PREDICTION
AB CPC requires the reforecast-calibrated Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS) to support the production of their official 6-10- and 8-14-day temperature and precipitation forecasts. While a large sample size of forecast-observation pairs is desirable to generate the necessary model climatology and variances, and covariances to observations, sampling by reforecasts could be done to use available computing resources most efficiently. A series of experiments was done to assess the impact on calibrated forecast skill of using a smaller sample size than the current available reforecast dataset. This study focuses on the skill of week-2 probabilistic forecasts of the 7-day-mean 2-m temperature and accumulated precipitation. The tercile forecasts are expressed as being below-, near-, and above-normal temperature/median precipitation over the continental United States (CONUS). Calibration statistics were calculated using an ensemble regression technique from 25 yr of daily, 11-member GEFS reforecasts for 1986-2010, which were then used to postprocess the GEFS model forecasts for 2011-13. In assessing the skill of calibrated model output using a reforecast dataset with fewer years and ensemble members, and an ensemble run less frequently than daily, it was determined that reductions in the number of ensemble members to six or fewer and reductions in the frequency of reforecast runs from daily to once a week were achievable with minimal loss of skill. However, reducing the number of years of reforecasts to less than 25 resulted in a greater skill degradation. The loss of skill was statistically significant using only 18 yr of reforecasts from 1993 to 2010 to generate model statistics.
C1 [Ou, Melissa H.; Charles, Mike; Collins, Dan C.] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Ou, MH (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM melissa.ou@noaa.gov
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 4
BP 1093
EP 1107
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0166.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV8VX
UT WOS:000383215900004
ER
PT J
AU Bianco, L
Djalalova, IV
Wilczak, JM
Cline, J
Calvert, S
Konopleva-Akish, E
Finley, C
Freedman, J
AF Bianco, Laura
Djalalova, Irina V.
Wilczak, James M.
Cline, Joel
Calvert, Stan
Konopleva-Akish, Elena
Finley, Cathy
Freedman, Jeffrey
TI A Wind Energy Ramp Tool and Metric for Measuring the Skill of Numerical
Weather Prediction Models
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID GUIDANCE
AB A wind energy Ramp Tool and Metric (RT&M) has been developed out of recognition that during significant ramp events (large changes in wind power Delta p over short periods of time Delta t) it is more difficult to balance the electric load with power production than during quiescent periods between ramp events. A ramp specific metric is needed because standard metrics do not give special consideration to ramp events and hence may not provide an appropriate measure of model skill or skill improvement. This RT&M has three components. The first identifies ramp events in the power time series. The second matches in time forecast and observed ramps. The third determines a skill score of the forecast model. This is calculated from a utility operator's perspective, incorporates phase and duration errors in time as well as power amplitude errors, and recognizes that up and down ramps have different impacts on grid operation. The RT&M integrates skill over a matrix of ramp events of varying amplitudes and durations.
C1 [Bianco, Laura; Djalalova, Irina V.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Wilczak, James M.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Cline, Joel] Dept Energy, Off Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, Washington, DC USA.
[Calvert, Stan] SC Energy Consulting, Washington, DC USA.
[Konopleva-Akish, Elena] Sci & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO USA.
[Finley, Cathy] WindLogics Inc, St Paul, MN USA.
[Freedman, Jeffrey] AWS Truepower, Albany, NY USA.
[Finley, Cathy] St Louis Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, St Louis, MO 63103 USA.
[Freedman, Jeffrey] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
RP Bianco, L (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CIRES, MS PSD, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM laura.bianco@colorado.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy under the Wind Forecast Improvement Project
(WFIP) [DE-EE0003080]; NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory
FX This research has been funded by the U.S. Department of Energy under the
Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP), Award DE-EE0003080, and by
NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory. The authors wish to acknowledge
Joseph Olson from the NOAA/ESRL/GSD group for providing the RAP model
outputs, Barb DeLuisi from the NOAA/ESRL/PSD group for maintaining the
RT&M website, and three anonymous reviewers for the helpful comments.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 4
BP 1137
EP 1156
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0144.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV8VX
UT WOS:000383215900006
ER
PT J
AU Gravelle, CM
Runk, KJ
Crandall, KL
Snyder, DW
AF Gravelle, Chad M.
Runk, Kim J.
Crandall, Katie L.
Snyder, Derrick W.
TI Forecaster Evaluations of High Temporal Satellite Imagery for the GOES-R
Era at the NWS Operations Proving Grounds
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID WARNING DECISIONS; SEVERE WEATHER; RADAR DATA; CLOUDS; ARRAY
AB Between February and April of 2015, the National Weather Service (NWS) Operations Proving Ground (OPG) facilitated an evaluation of the usefulness of 1-min satellite imagery for NWS operations in the Geo-stationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R (GOES-R) series era. The overarching goal of the evaluation was to provide quantitative and qualitative guidance to NWS management, including the regional NWS Scientific Services division chiefs, on how satellite imagery with a refresh rate of 1 min impacts NWS forecaster decision-making. During the simulations, forecasters evaluated 1- and 5-min satellite imagery while completing tasks ranging from aviation forecasting and wildfire decision support services to monitoring where convective initiation would occur and integrating the imagery into the convective warning decision-making process. Feedback was gathered to assess if the satellite imagery had influence on forecaster decision-making, if the satellite imagery provided them with more confidence in making those decisions, if forecasters could assimilate the data into operational practices, and if there were adverse impacts on forecaster workload. Forecasters overwhelmingly were of the opinion that 1-min satellite imagery improved their ability and increased their confidence to make effective forecast and warning decisions. The majority of participants expressed that they were able to internally assimilate the imagery with ease. However, feedback gathered when forecasters were asked how useful and easy the imagery was to use in convective warning operations was mixed. Some forecasters expressed difficulty integrating both satellite imagery and radar data while issuing convective warnings. Others felt that with ample training and experience the imagery would be invaluable in warning operations.
C1 [Gravelle, Chad M.; Runk, Kim J.; Crandall, Katie L.; Snyder, Derrick W.] NOAA, NWS, Operat Proving Ground, 7220 NW 101st Terr, Kansas City, MO 64153 USA.
[Gravelle, Chad M.] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA.
[Crandall, Katie L.; Snyder, Derrick W.] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Madison, WI USA.
RP Gravelle, CM (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, Operat Proving Ground, 7220 NW 101st Terr, Kansas City, MO 64153 USA.
EM chad.gravelle@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/STAR GOES-R Proving Ground and CIMSS; NOAA/NWS/Operations Proving
Ground grants under NOAA-University of Wisconsin, U.S. Department of
Commerce [NA15OAR4590188]
FX The authors are grateful for the NWS evaluation participants and their
NWS Weather Forecast Office staff and management: Robert Bohlin (WFO
FGZ), Brian Boyd (WFO LKN), Jim Caruso (WFO ICT), Todd Chambers (WFO
BYZ), Marcia Cronce (WFO MKX), Jeff Davis (WFO TWC), Ryan Ellis (WFO
RAH), Paul Frisbie (WFO GJT), Fred Glass (WFO LSX), John Goff (WFO BTV),
Ryan Husted (WFO GLD), Bryan Jackson (WFO LWX), Chris Jakub (WFO ICT),
Michael Kochasic (WFO GLD), Stephen Konarik (WFO MFL), Jenni Laflin (WFO
EAX), Rebecca Mazur (WFO CYS), Andrew Moulton (WFO MRX), Dan Nietfeld
(WFO OAX), Marc Spilde (WFO MFR), Jimmy Taeger (WFO SGX), Paul Wolyn
(WFO PUB), and Eleanor Vallier-Talbot (WFO BOX). We would also like to
thank Dr. Pam Heinselman (NOAA/OAR) and Katie Bowden (University of
Oklahoma-CIMMS) for their guidance with facilitating recent case
walk-throughs, and finally to Jack Richardson (OPG systems
administrator), Matt Foster (NWS Central Region Headquarters), Greg
Noonan (NWS Central Region Headquarters), and Bill Gery (NWS Central
Region Headquarters) for their technical expertise with ingesting
historical datasets into the AWIPS-II infrastructure. Finally, the
authors are appreciative for the thorough comments and suggestions from
three anonymous reviewers. This research is supported by the NOAA/STAR
GOES-R Proving Ground and CIMSS Collaboration with the
NOAA/NWS/Operations Proving Ground grants under NOAA-University of
Wisconsin Cooperative Agreement NA15OAR4590188, U.S. Department of
Commerce.
NR 28
TC 1
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U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 4
BP 1157
EP 1177
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0133.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV8VX
UT WOS:000383215900007
ER
PT J
AU Lamberson, WS
Torn, RD
Bosart, LF
Magnusson, L
AF Lamberson, William S.
Torn, Ryan D.
Bosart, Lance F.
Magnusson, Linus
TI Diagnosis of the Source and Evolution of Medium-Range Forecast Errors
for Extratropical Cyclone Joachim
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID PREDICTION SYSTEM; BAROCLINIC WAVE; JANUARY 2000; STORM TRACK; ENSEMBLE;
PREDICTABILITY; SENSITIVITY; DOWNSTREAM; SNOWSTORM; DYNAMICS
AB Medium-range forecasts for Cyclone Joachim, an extratropical cyclone that impacted western Europe on 16 December 2011, consistently predicted a high-impact intense cyclone; however, these forecasts failed to verify. The potential source and propagation of forecast errors for this case are diagnosed from the 51-member European Centre for Medium-Range Forecasts Ensemble Prediction System initialized 5 days prior to the cyclone's landfall. Ensemble members are subdivided into two groups: one that contained the eight members that had the most accurate forecast of Joachim and, the other, the eight members that predicted the most intense cyclone. Composite differences between these two subgroups indicate that the difference between these forecasts originate in tropopause-based subsynoptic waves along a deep trough in the eastern Pacific. These errors move eastward over a northern stream ridge centered on the west coast of North America and modulate the evolution of a trough that dives equatorward out of Canada and is associated with the development of Joachim. Forecast error calculations and relaxation experiments indicate that reducing forecast errors associated with these subsynoptic features leads to more accurate forecasts. These results present further evidence that subsynoptic errors, especially those originating in the warm sector of a cyclone, can be a significant source of downstream forecast errors.
C1 [Lamberson, William S.; Torn, Ryan D.; Bosart, Lance F.] SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Magnusson, Linus] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, Berks, England.
[Lamberson, William S.] IM Syst Grp Inc, Rockville, MD USA.
RP Lamberson, WS (reprint author), IM Syst Grp Inc, Rockville, MD USA.; Lamberson, WS (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, NCEP, IMSG,Weather Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM bill.lamberson@noaa.gov
FU NOAA [NA01NWS4680002]; National Science Foundation [1461753]; American
Meteorological Society
FX The TIGGE data used in this study were retrieved from the NCAR
(http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds330.0/) and the ECMWF
(http://apps.ecmwf.int/datasets/data/tigge/levtype=sfc/type=cf/) TIGGE
data portals. We thank NCAR and ECMWF for the development of these
user-friendly portals and for taking on the challenge of archiving such
a large dataset. This research was supported by NOAA Award
NA01NWS4680002, National Science Foundation Award 1461753, and the
American Meteorological Society Graduate Fellowship Program.
NR 33
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U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 4
BP 1197
EP 1214
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-16-0026.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV8VX
UT WOS:000383215900009
ER
PT J
AU Cangialosi, JP
Landsea, CW
AF Cangialosi, John P.
Landsea, Christopher W.
TI An Examination of Model and Official National Hurricane Center Tropical
Cyclone Size Forecasts
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID FREQUENCY MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; WINDS
AB While the National Hurricane Center (NHC) has been issuing analyses and forecasts of tropical cyclone wind radii for several years, little documentation has been provided about the errors in these forecasts. A key hurdle in providing routine verification of these forecasts is that the uncertainty in the wind radii best tracks is quite large for tropical cyclones that are well away from land and unmonitored by aircraft reconnaissance. This study evaluates the errors of a subset of NHC and model 34-, 50-, and 64-kt (1 kt = 0.514 m s(-1)) wind radii forecasts from 2008 through 2012 that had aircraft reconnaissance available at both the initial and verification times. The results show that the NHC wind radii average errors increased with forecast time but were skillful when compared against climatology and persistence. The dynamical models, however, were not skillful and had errors that were much larger than the NHC forecasts, with substantial negative (too small) biases even after accounting for their initial size differences versus the tropical cyclone's current wind radii. Improvements in wind radii forecasting will come about through a combination of better methods for observing tropical cyclone size as well as enhanced prediction techniques (dynamical models, statistical methods, and consensus approaches).
C1 [Cangialosi, John P.; Landsea, Christopher W.] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Natl Hurricane Ctr, Miami, FL USA.
RP Cangialosi, JP (reprint author), Natl Hurricane Ctr, 11691 SW 17th St, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
EM john.p.cangialosi@noaa.gov
NR 18
TC 0
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U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 4
BP 1293
EP 1300
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0158.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV8VX
UT WOS:000383215900013
ER
PT J
AU Qian, WH
Jiang, N
Du, J
AF Qian, Weihong
Jiang, Ning
Du, Jun
TI Reply to "Comments on 'Incorporating the Effects of Moisture into a
Dynamical Parameter: Moist Vorticity and Moist Divergence'"
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB Mathematical derivation, meteorological justification, and comparison to model direct precipitation forecasts are the three main concerns recently raised by Schultz and Spengler about moist divergence (MD) and moist vorticity (MV), which were introduced in earlier work by Qian et al. That previous work demonstrated that MD (MV) can in principle be derived mathematically with a value-added empirical modification. MD (MV) has a solid meteorological basis. It combines ascent motion and high moisture: the two elements necessary for rainfall. However, precipitation efficiency is not considered in MD (MV). Given the omission of an advection term in the mathematical derivation and the lack of precipitation efficiency, MD (MV) might be suitable mainly for heavy rain events with large areal coverage and long duration caused by large-scale quasi-stationary weather systems, but not for local intense heavy rain events caused by small-scale convection. In addition, MD (MV) is not capable of describing precipitation intensity. MD (MV) worked reasonably well in predicting heavy rain locations from short to medium ranges as compared with the ECMWF model precipitation forecasts. MD (MV) was generally worse than (though sometimes similar to) the model heavy rain forecast at shorter ranges (about a week) but became comparable or even better at longer ranges (around 10 days). It should be reiterated that MD (MV) is not intended to be a primary tool for predicting heavy rain areas, especially in the short range, but is a useful parameter for calibrating model heavy precipitation forecasts, as stated in the original paper.
C1 [Qian, Weihong; Jiang, Ning] Peking Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Du, Jun] NOAA, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Qian, WH (reprint author), Peking Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM qianwh@pku.edu.cn
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 4
BP 1397
EP 1405
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-16-0111.1
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV8VX
UT WOS:000383215900020
ER
PT J
AU Gallo, BT
Clark, AJ
Dembek, SR
AF Gallo, Burkely T.
Clark, Adam J.
Dembek, Scott R.
TI Forecasting tornadoes using convection-permitting ensembles (vol 31, pg
273, 2016)
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Gallo, Burkely T.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Clark, Adam J.] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Dembek, Scott R.] Univ Oklahoma, NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Dembek, Scott R.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Gallo, BT (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, NSSL, FRDD, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM burkely.twiest@noaa.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 4
BP 1407
EP 1408
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-16-0076.1
PG 2
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV8VX
UT WOS:000383215900021
ER
PT J
AU Li, XF
Hu, CM
Bao, SW
Yang, XF
AF Li Xiaofeng
Hu Chuanmin
Bao Shaowu
Yang Xiaofeng
TI Cover Story MODIS captures large-scale atmospheric gravity waves over
the Atlantic Ocean
SO ACTA OCEANOLOGICA SINICA
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Li Xiaofeng] NESDIS, GST, NOAA, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Hu Chuanmin] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Bao Shaowu] Coastal Carolina Univ, Sch Coastal & Marine Syst, Conway, SC 29528 USA.
[Yang Xiaofeng] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
RP Li, XF (reprint author), NESDIS, GST, NOAA, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM xiaofeng.li@noaa.gov
RI Li, Xiaofeng/B-6524-2008
OI Li, Xiaofeng/0000-0001-7038-5119
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0253-505X
EI 1869-1099
J9 ACTA OCEANOL SIN
JI Acta Oceanol. Sin.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 8
BP 1
EP 2
PG 2
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DT1NH
UT WOS:000381248900001
ER
PT J
AU Incardona, JP
Scholz, NL
AF Incardona, John P.
Scholz, Nathaniel L.
TI The influence of heart developmental anatomy on cardiotoxicity-based
adverse outcome pathways in fish
SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Embryo; Larvae; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; PAH; Oil spill; Heart;
Zebrafish; Salmon; Herring; Tuna
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; EARLY-LIFE STAGES; MAHI
CORYPHAENA-HIPPURUS; HERRING CLUPEA-PALLASI; WEATHERED CRUDE-OIL;
FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; ZEBRAFISH DEVELOPMENT;
MOLECULAR INDICATORS; CARDIAC TOXICITY
AB The developing fish heart is vulnerable to a diverse array of toxic chemical contaminants in freshwater, estuarine, and marine habitats. Globally occurring examples of cardiotoxic agents include dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The disruption of cardiac function during the process of heart morphogenesis can lead to adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) that can negatively affect fish survival at hatching as well as later life stages. Proximal impacts include cardiogenic fluid accumulation (edema) and defects of the body axis and jaw that preclude larval feeding. More subtle changes in heart development can produce permanent structural defects in the heart that reduce cardiac output and swimming performance in older fish. In recent decades, the presence of edema in fish embryos and larvae has been a very common bioindicator of cardiotoxicity. However, the different ways that edema forms in fish from different habitats (i.e., freshwater vs. marine, pelagic vs. demersal) has not been rigorously examined. Oil spills are an important source of PAH5 in fish spawning areas worldwide, and research is revealing how patterns of cardiogenic edema are shaped by species-specific differences in developmental anatomy and ionoregulatory physiology. Here we review the visible evidence for circulatory disruption across nine freshwater and marine fish species, exposed to crude oils from different parts of the world. We focus on the close interconnectedness of the cardiovascular and osmoregulatory systems during early development, and corresponding implications for fish in hyperosmotic and hyposmotic habitats. Finally, we suggest there may be poorly understood adverse outcomes pathways related to osmotic gradients and water movement within embryos, the latter causing extreme shifts in tissue osmolality. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Incardona, John P.; Scholz, Nathaniel L.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Incardona, JP (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM John.Incardona@noaa.gov
OI Scholz, Nathaniel/0000-0001-6207-0272
FU Prince William Sound Regional Citizens Advisory Council; Deepwater
Horizon Oil Spill Trustees; Research Council of Norway; Institute of
Marine Research-Norway
FX We thank the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Trustees and Prince William
Sound Regional Citizens Advisory Council for funding the studies
conducted by our team at NOAA's Northwest Fisheries Science Center, and
the Research Council of Norway for funding collaborative studies on
haddock with the Institute of Marine Research-Norway. We also appreciate
constructive comments by Dr. David Hinton on a draft version of the
manuscript.
NR 58
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 23
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-445X
EI 1879-1514
J9 AQUAT TOXICOL
JI Aquat. Toxicol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 177
BP 515
EP 525
DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.06.016
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
GA DT5NK
UT WOS:000381529700052
PM 27447099
ER
PT J
AU Lenz, AJ
Avens, L
Trigo, CC
Borges-Martins, M
AF Lenz, Ana Julia
Avens, Larisa
Trigo, Cariane Campos
Borges-Martins, Marcio
TI Skeletochronological estimation of age and growth of loggerhead sea
turtles (Caretta caretta) in the western South Atlantic Ocean
SO AUSTRAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE feeding ground; marine turtles; neritic juveniles; recruitment
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC; CHELONIA-MYDAS; GREEN TURTLES; SIZE; POPULATION;
REPTILES; RATES; MARKS; CONSERVATION; VALIDATION
AB Age and growth are important parameters for better understanding of life history and population dynamics of animal species, as well as for formulating management strategies. However, these data are difficult to obtain for sea turtles because of overall slow growth, delayed maturation and highly migratory behaviour. The loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, is a widely distributed species, globally listed as endangered. Although the species has been well-studied in some regions, little is known about various aspects of its biology in other populations, such as those in the waters of the western South Atlantic Ocean, especially outside nesting areas. To address age and growth, loggerhead turtles found dead stranded on the northern coast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul during a period of 16years (1994-2010) were utilized for estimation of age and growth rates using skeletochronology. The individuals analyzed were predominantly neritic juveniles, ranging from 53 to 101cm curved carapace length (CCL; mean=71cm), with estimated ages between 10 and 29years (mean=15years). Mean estimated annual growth rate was 2.1cm CCL year(-1) (1.9cm SCL yr(-1)), showing large variation among individuals and between successive years in the same individual. Generalized additive mixed models analysis indicated that growth response was influenced by age, CCL and year. The results demonstrated that the southern coast of Brazil is an important area for the development of neritic juveniles of this species, which appear to recruit to this region beginning at about 12years of age and sizes greater than 55cm CCL.
C1 [Lenz, Ana Julia] Inst Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Mamiraua, Tefe, Amazonas, Brazil.
[Avens, Larisa] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Ctr, Beaufort Lab, Beaufort, NC USA.
[Lenz, Ana Julia; Borges-Martins, Marcio] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Zool, Programa Posgrad Biol Anim, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
[Trigo, Cariane Campos] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Ctr Estudos Costeiros Limnol & Marinhos, Imbe, RS, Brazil.
[Trigo, Cariane Campos; Borges-Martins, Marcio] Grp Estudos Mamiferos Aquat Rio Grande Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
RP Lenz, AJ (reprint author), Inst Desenvolvimento Sustentavel Mamiraua, Tefe, Amazonas, Brazil.; Lenz, AJ (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Zool, Programa Posgrad Biol Anim, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
EM anajuliabio@gmail.com
RI Borges-Martins, Marcio/I-3274-2012
OI Borges-Martins, Marcio/0000-0001-9328-5794
FU CNPq [132245/2011-6, 312968/2013-2]
FX We are grateful to Grupo de Estudos de Mamiferos Aquaticos do Rio Grande
do Sul (GEMARS) for sample collection; Laboratorio de Tartarugas e
Mamiferos Marinhos (Instituto de Oceanografia, FURG) for the
skeletochronological training, especially to Roberta Petitet;
Laboratorio de Histomorfofisiologia Comparada (ICBS, UFRGS) and
Produtora de Video do Campus do Vale (IB, UFRGS) for the logistic
support. AJ Lenz received a MSc scholarship from CNPq (Processo
132245/2011-6). M Borges-Martins is supported by CNPq (research grant
312968/2013-2).
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 17
U2 20
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1442-9985
EI 1442-9993
J9 AUSTRAL ECOL
JI Austral Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 5
BP 580
EP 590
DI 10.1111/aec.12347
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DV2YA
UT WOS:000382787000012
ER
PT J
AU Lord, S
Gayno, G
Yang, FL
AF Lord, Stephen
Gayno, George
Yang, Fanglin
TI ANALYSIS OF AN OBSERVING SYSTEM EXPERIMENT FOR THE JOINT POLAR SATELLITE
SYSTEM
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; SSI ANALYSIS
SYSTEM; OBSERVATION IMPACT; FORECAST SKILL; IMPROVEMENT; RADIANCES
AB The Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) is a key contributor to the next-generation operational polar-orbiting satellite observing system. In the JPSS era, the complete polar-orbiting observing system will be comprised of two satellites in the midmorning (mid-AM) and afternoon (PM) orbits each with thermodynamic sounding capabilities from both microwave and hyperspectral infrared instruments. JPSS will occupy the PM orbit, while the Meteorological Operational (MetOp) system, sponsored by the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), will occupy the mid-AM orbit.
While the current polar-orbiting satellite system has been thoroughly evaluated, information about its resilience and efficacy in the JPSS era is needed. A 7-month (August 2012 February 2013) observing system experiment (OSE) was run with the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS). Observations were selected from operational satellite data platforms to be representative of the polar-orbiting data in the JPSS era.
Overall, removing data from the PM orbit produced inferior scores, with the impact greater in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) than in either the Northern Hemisphere (NH) or the tropics. For the entire 7 months, the time-mean 500-hPa geopotential height anomaly correlation (Z500AC) decreased by 0.005 and 0.013 in the NH and SH, respectively both of which are statistically significant at the 95% level. Additionally, a detailed statistical analysis of the distribution of Z500AC skill scores is presented and compared with historical accuracy data. It was determined that eliminating PM orbit data resulted in a higher probability of producing low scores and a lower probability of producing high scores, counter to the trend in GFS forecast skill over the last 20 years.
C1 [Lord, Stephen] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Lord, Stephen] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gayno, George; Yang, Fanglin] IM Syst Grp, College Pk, MD USA.
[Gayno, George; Yang, Fanglin] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Lord, S (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, Off Sci & Technol Integrat, 1325 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM sjlord12345@gmail.com
FU NOAA [1312M41460, NA14NES4320003]
FX The authors thank NCEP and the anonymous reviewers for their comments,
R. Treadon for providing Fig. 2, and P. Caplan for originating the
processing of GFS skill distribution. Partial support for this work was
provided by the JPSS and Next Generation Global Prediction System
(NGGPS) Programs via NOAA Grants 1312M41460 and NA14NES4320003,
respectively.
NR 42
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U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 8
BP 1409
EP +
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00207.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DU7YO
UT WOS:000382430700012
ER
PT J
AU Shao, H
Derber, J
Huang, XY
Hu, M
Newman, K
Stark, D
Lueken, M
Zhou, CH
Nance, L
Kuo, YH
Brown, B
AF Shao, Hui
Derber, John
Huang, Xiang-Yu
Hu, Ming
Newman, Kathryn
Stark, Donald
Lueken, Michael
Zhou, Chunhua
Nance, Louisa
Kuo, Ying-Hwa
Brown, Barbara
TI BRIDGING RESEARCH TO OPERATIONS TRANSITIONS Status and Plans of
Community GSI
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; ENSEMBLE KALMAN
FILTER; WEATHER RESEARCH; IMPLEMENTATION; COVARIANCES; MODEL; NWP
AB With a goal of improving operational numerical weather prediction (NWP), the Developmental Testbed Center (DTC) has been working with operational centers, including, among others, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the U.S. Air Force, to support numerical models/systems and their research, perform objective testing and evaluation of NWP methods, and facilitate research-to-operations transitions. This article introduces the first attempt of the DTC in the data assimilation area to help achieve this goal. Since 2009, the DTC, NCEP's Environmental Modeling Center (EMC), and other developers have made significant progress in transitioning the operational Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) data assimilation system into a community-based code management framework. Currently, GSI is provided to the public with user support and is open for contributions from internal developers as well as the broader research community, following the same code transition procedures. This article introduces measures and steps taken during this community GSI effort followed by discussions of encountered challenges and issues. The purpose of this article is to promote contributions from the research community to operational data assimilation capabilities and, furthermore, to seek potential solutions to stimulate such a transition and, eventually, improve the NWP capabilities in the United States.
C1 [Shao, Hui; Huang, Xiang-Yu; Newman, Kathryn; Stark, Donald; Zhou, Chunhua; Nance, Louisa; Kuo, Ying-Hwa; Brown, Barbara] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Derber, John; Lueken, Michael] Environm Modeling Ctr, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, College Pk, MD USA.
[Hu, Ming] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hu, Ming] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lueken, Michael] IM Syst Grp Inc, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Shao, H (reprint author), NOAA, NCWCP, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM huishao@ucar.edu
FU DTC; NOAA; USAF; NCAR; NSF
FX This work has been performed under the auspices of the DTC. The DTC is
funded by NOAA, the USAF, NCAR, and NSF. The authors also acknowledge
ESRL, NCAR, NCEP, the Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation
(JCSDA), and the NCEP Central Operations (NCO) for facilitating some of
the community GSI services.
NR 39
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Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 8
BP 1427
EP +
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00245.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DU7YO
UT WOS:000382430700013
ER
PT J
AU Cai, M
Yu, YY
Deng, Y
van den Cool, HM
Ren, RC
Saha, S
Wu, XR
Huang, J
AF Cai, Ming
Yu, Yueyue
Deng, Yi
van den Cool, Huug M.
Ren, Rongcai
Saha, Suru
Wu, Xingren
Huang, Jin
TI FEELING THE PULSE OF THE STRATOSPHERE An Emerging Opportunity for
Predicting Continental-Scale Cold-Air Outbreaks I Month in Advance
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; DOWNWARD PROPAGATION; SURFACE WEATHER; ATMOSPHERIC
CIRCULATION; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; SUDDEN WARMINGS; PART I; TROPOSPHERE;
FORECAST; WINTER
AB Extreme weather events such as cold-air outbreaks (CAOs) pose great threats to human life and the socioeconomic well-being of modern society. In the past, our capability to predict their occurrences has been constrained by the 2-week predictability limit for weather. We demonstrate here for the first time that a rapid increase of air mass transported into the polar stratosphere, referred to as the pulse of the stratosphere (PULSE), can often be predicted with a useful degree of skill 4-6 weeks in advance by operational forecast models. We further show that the probability of the occurrence of continental-scale CAOs in midlatitudes increases substantially above normal conditions within a short time period from 1 week before to 1-2 weeks after the peak day of a PULSE event. In particular, we reveal that the three massive CAOs over North America in January and February of 2014 were preceded by three episodes of extreme mass transport into the polar stratosphere with peak intensities reaching a trillion tons per day, twice that on an average winter day. Therefore, our capability to predict the PULSEs with operational forecast models, in conjunction with its linkage to continental-scale CAOs, opens up a new opportunity for 30-day forecasts of continental scale CAOs, such as those occurring over North America during the 2013/14 winter. A real-time forecast experiment inaugurated in the winter of 2014/15 has given support to the idea that it is feasible to forecast CAOs 1 month in advance.
C1 [Cai, Ming; Yu, Yueyue] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 1017 Acad Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Yu, Yueyue; Ren, Rongcai] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, LASG, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Deng, Yi] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[van den Cool, Huug M.; Huang, Jin] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Saha, Suru; Wu, Xingren] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Cai, M (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 1017 Acad Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM mcai@fsu.edu
FU NOAA CPO/CPPA program [NA10OAR4310168]; National Science Foundation
[AGS-1262173, AGS-1354834, AGS-1147601, AGS-1354402, AGS-1445956]; DOE
Office of Science Regional and Global Climate Modeling (RGCM) program
[DE-SC0004974, DE-SC0005596]; National Basic Research Program of China
[2012CB417203]; National Science Foundation of China [41430533,
41575041, 91437105]
FX The authors are grateful for the constructive and insightful comments
from Dr. M. Alexander (the editor) and three anonymous reviewers that
have led to a significant improvement in the presentation. MC is
supported in part by research grants from the NOAA CPO/CPPA program
(NA10OAR4310168), the National Science Foundation (AGS-1262173 and
AGS-1354834), and the DOE Office of Science Regional and Global Climate
Modeling (RGCM) program (DE-SC0004974). YYY is supported in part by
research grants from the NOAA CPO/CPPA program (NA10OAR4310168) and the
National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB417203). YD is supported
by grants from the DOE Office of Science Regional and Global Climate
Modeling (RGCM) program (DE-SC0005596) and the National Science
Foundation (AGS-1147601, AGS-1354402, and AGS-1445956). RCR is supported
by a research grant from the National Science Foundation of China
(41430533, 41575041, and 91437105).
NR 57
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Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 8
BP 1475
EP +
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00287.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DU7YO
UT WOS:000382430700016
ER
PT J
AU Schaffer, K
Voas, J
AF Schaffer, Kim
Voas, Jeffrey
TI What Happened to Formal Methods for Security?
SO COMPUTER
LA English
DT Article
ID MODEL CHECKING; SYSTEMS; ANALYZER; ASTREE
AB A panel of seven experts discusses the state of the practice of formal methods (FM) in software development, with a focus on FM's relevance to security.
C1 [Schaffer, Kim; Voas, Jeffrey] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Schaffer, K (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 0018-9162
EI 1558-0814
J9 COMPUTER
JI Computer
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 8
BP 70
EP 79
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA DU8FN
UT WOS:000382448800009
ER
PT J
AU Richaud, B
Kwon, YO
Joyce, TM
Fratantoni, PS
Lentz, SJ
AF Richaud, Benjamin
Kwon, Young-Oh
Joyce, Terrence M.
Fratantoni, Paula S.
Lentz, Steven J.
TI Surface and bottom temperature and salinity climatology along the
continental shelf off the Canadian and US East Coasts
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Seasonal climatology; Temperature; Salinity; Dataset; Shelf
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; WATER; GULF; VARIABILITY; OCEAN; MAINE
AB A new hydrographic climatology has been created for the continental shelf region, extending from the Labrador shelf to the Mid-Atlantic Bight. The 0.2-degree climatology combines all available observations of surface and bottom temperature and salinity collected between 1950 and 2010 along with the location, depth and date of these measurements. While climatological studies of surface and bottom temperature and salinity have been presented previously for various regions along the Canadian and U.S. shelves, studies also suggest that all these regions are part of one coherent system. This study focuses on the coherent structure of the mean seasonal cycle of surface and bottom temperature and salinity and its variation along the shelf and upper slope. The seasonal cycle of surface temperature is mainly driven by the surface heat flux and exhibits strong dependency on latitude (r approximate to -0.9). The amplitude of the seasonal cycle of bottom temperature is rather dependent on the depth, while the spatial distribution of bottom temperature is correlated with latitude. The seasonal cycle of surface salinity is influenced by several components, such as sea-ice on the northern shelves and river discharge in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The bottom salinity exhibits no clear seasonal cycle, but its spatial distribution is highly correlated with bathymetry, thus Slope Water and its intrusion on the shelf can be identified by its relatively high salinity compared to shallow, fresher shelf water. Two different regimes can be identified, especially on the shelf, separated by the Laurentian Channel: advection influences the phasing of the seasonal cycle of surface salinity and bottom temperature to the north, while in the southern region, river runoff and air-sea heat flux forcing are dominant, especially over the shallower bathymetry. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Richaud, Benjamin; Kwon, Young-Oh; Joyce, Terrence M.; Lentz, Steven J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Richaud, Benjamin] ENSTA ParisTech, Palaiseau, France.
[Fratantoni, Paula S.] NOAA NMFS, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA.
RP Kwon, YO (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Phys Oceanog, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM yokwon@whoi.edu
FU NSF OCE PO [OCE-1242989, OCE-1435602, OCE-1332666]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the constructive reviews by Dr. Linda
Rasmussen, an anonymous reviewer and the editor Dr. Matthew Palmer, and
the support from NSF OCE PO to Y-OK (OCE-1242989 and OCE-1435602) and
SJL (OCE-1332666). BR wish to thanks ENSTA ParisTech for allowing his
secondment to WHOI.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
EI 1873-6955
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 124
BP 165
EP 181
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2016.06.005
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DU6TG
UT WOS:000382346900015
ER
PT J
AU Strong, AL
Lowry, KE
Brown, ZW
Mills, MM
van Dijken, GL
Pickart, RS
Cooper, LW
Frey, KE
Benner, R
Fichot, CG
Mathis, JT
Bates, NR
Arrigo, KR
AF Strong, Aaron L.
Lowry, Kate E.
Brown, Zachary W.
Mills, Matthew M.
van Dijken, Gert L.
Pickart, Robert S.
Cooper, Lee W.
Frey, Karen E.
Benner, Ron
Fichot, Cedric G.
Mathis, Jeremy T.
Bates, Nicholas R.
Arrigo, Kevin R.
TI Mass balance estimates of carbon export in different water masses of the
Chukchi Sea shelf
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon export; Pelagic-benthic coupling; Phytoplankton; Chukchi; Sea ice
ID NET COMMUNITY PRODUCTION; WESTERN ARCTIC-OCEAN; DISSOLVED
ORGANIC-CARBON; BEAUFORT SEAS; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; PACIFIC WATER; BARROW
CANYON; ICE COVER; DENITRIFICATION RATES; PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS
AB We construct mass-balance based estimates of carbon (C) export fractions from the water column across the Chukchi Sea shelf. Export is calculated as the difference between phytoplankton drawdown of dissolved inorganic C (DIC) and the accumulation of autochthonous particulate and dissolved organic C in the water column. Organic carbon (C-org) exports of > 50% of DIC drawdown are ubiquitous across the shelf, even during, or shortly after, phytoplankton blooms, suggesting widespread and strong pelagic-benthic coupling. Export fractions on the shelf were generally greater in the less-productive Alaska Coastal Water than in the more productive Bering Shelf-Anadyr Water. Additionally, export fractions were greater in 2011 than in 2010, highlighting the significant spatial and inter-annual variability of the fate of Corg in this ecologically and biogeochemically important, and rapidly changing, ecosystem. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Strong, Aaron L.] Stanford Univ, Emmett Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resou, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Lowry, Kate E.; Brown, Zachary W.; Mills, Matthew M.; van Dijken, Gert L.; Arrigo, Kevin R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Pickart, Robert S.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Phys Oceanog, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Cooper, Lee W.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Frey, Karen E.] Clark Univ, Grad Sch Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA.
[Benner, Ron; Fichot, Cedric G.] Univ South Carolina, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Mathis, Jeremy T.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Bates, Nicholas R.] Bermuda Inst Ocean Sci, St Georges GE 01, Bermuda.
[Fichot, Cedric G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
RP Strong, AL (reprint author), 473 Via Ortega Suite 226, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM alstrong@stanford.edu
NR 69
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 130
BP 88
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.05.003
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DT6KK
UT WOS:000381592900008
ER
PT J
AU Winans, GA
Baker, J
Hammond, J
AF Winans, Gary A.
Baker, Jon
Hammond, Jennifer
TI NOAA's Teacher in the Laboratory Program-Northwest Fisheries Science
Center
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Winans, Gary A.] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Baker, Jon] Mariner High Sch, Everett, WA USA.
[Hammond, Jennifer] NOAA, Sea Program, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Winans, GA (reprint author), NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM gary.winans@noaa.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 8
SI SI
BP 481
EP 483
DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1199224
PG 3
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DU9PF
UT WOS:000382549100019
ER
PT J
AU Liu, PY
Ai, B
Matolak, DW
Sun, RY
Li, Y
AF Liu, Pengyu
Ai, Bo
Matolak, David W.
Sun, Ruoyu
Li, Yan
TI 5-GHz Vehicle-to-Vehicle Channel Characterization for Example Overpass
Channels
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Delay spread; overpass channels; path loss; vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V)
ID MODELS; BAND; GHZ; COMMUNICATION
AB The overpass is a special over-road structure for vehicular travel, constituting one type of roadway intersection. Real-time communications between on-and under-overpass vehicles can contribute to effective vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, including, for example, optimal route selection and overpass accident warning messaging. Ensuring effective communication requires a quantitative characterization of the overpass propagation channel. In this paper, we provide measurement and analytical results for V2V propagation path loss and root-mean-square delay spread, and from these results, we develop tapped-delay line channel models that are applicable to the 5-GHz band for two example overpasses. These two example overpasses are termed i) one-lane metal-bottom overpass and ii) two-lane metal-bottom overpass. Due to the unique structure of the overpasses, we divide the radio propagation space around the overpass into four different areas: a two-ray area, a short-term partial-shadowing area, a (full) shadowing area, and a long-term partial-shadowing area. In the two-ray area, a line-of-sight (LOS) path and a ground-reflected path are the dominant propagation mechanisms, whereas in the other areas, the overpass body (floor, walls, and columns) attenuates the LOS signal. The accuracy of our measurement results and the developed channel model are verified by a geometry-based stochastic channel modeling approach, in which the height dimension is first introduced to characterize the diffraction phenomenon in V2V communication. The actual measurement and simulation results show good consistency.
C1 [Liu, Pengyu] China Ctr Informatizat Ind Dev, Inst Informatizat, Beijing 100846, Peoples R China.
[Ai, Bo; Li, Yan] Beijing Jiaotong Univ, State Key Lab Rail Traff Control & Safety, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China.
[Matolak, David W.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Sun, Ruoyu] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Ai, B (reprint author), Beijing Jiaotong Univ, State Key Lab Rail Traff Control & Safety, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China.
EM liupengyu@ccidthinktank.com; aibo@ieee.org; matolak@cec.sc.edu;
ruoyusun@hotmail.com; yanlibjtu@gmail.com
OI Sun, Ruoyu/0000-0002-0985-0349
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [61222105]; Natural Science
Foundation of China [U1334202]; Chinese Ministry of Education [313006]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China under Grant 61222105, by the Natural Science
Foundation of China under Grant U1334202, and by the Key Grant Project
of the Chinese Ministry of Education under Grant 313006. This paper was
presented in part at the 2014 IEEE 79th Vehicular Technology Conference,
Seoul, Korea, May 18-21, 2014. The review of this paper was coordinated
by Prof. C. P. Oestges. (Corresponding author: Bo Ai.)
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9545
EI 1939-9359
J9 IEEE T VEH TECHNOL
JI IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 65
IS 8
BP 5862
EP 5873
DI 10.1109/TVT.2015.2476382
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications; Transportation
Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Telecommunications; Transportation
GA DT4JO
UT WOS:000381446200003
ER
PT J
AU Dima, A
Bhaskarla, S
Becker, C
Brady, M
Campbell, C
Dessauw, P
Hanisch, R
Kattner, U
Kroenlein, K
Newrock, M
Peskin, A
Plante, R
Li, SY
Rigodiat, PF
Amaral, GS
Trautt, Z
Schmitt, X
Warren, J
Youssef, S
AF Dima, Alden
Bhaskarla, Sunil
Becker, Chandler
Brady, Mary
Campbell, Carelyn
Dessauw, Philippe
Hanisch, Robert
Kattner, Ursula
Kroenlein, Kenneth
Newrock, Marcus
Peskin, Adele
Plante, Raymond
Li, Sheng-Yen
Rigodiat, Pierre-Francois
Amaral, Guillaume Sousa
Trautt, Zachary
Schmitt, Xavier
Warren, James
Youssef, Sharief
TI Informatics Infrastructure for the Materials Genome Initiative
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOCHEMICAL PROPERTY DATA; XML-BASED APPROACH; DESIGN; THERMOML;
EXCHANGE; STORAGE; ALLOYS
AB A materials data infrastructure that enables the sharing and transformation of a wide range of materials data is an essential part of achieving the goals of the Materials Genome Initiative. We describe two high-level requirements of such an infrastructure as well as an emerging open-source implementation consisting of the Materials Data Curation System and the National Institute of Standards and Technology Materials Resource Registry.
C1 [Dima, Alden; Bhaskarla, Sunil; Becker, Chandler; Brady, Mary; Campbell, Carelyn; Dessauw, Philippe; Hanisch, Robert; Kattner, Ursula; Newrock, Marcus; Plante, Raymond; Li, Sheng-Yen; Rigodiat, Pierre-Francois; Amaral, Guillaume Sousa; Trautt, Zachary; Schmitt, Xavier; Warren, James; Youssef, Sharief] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kroenlein, Kenneth; Peskin, Adele] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Dima, A (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM alden.dima@nist.gov
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 24
U2 26
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 8
BP 2053
EP 2064
DI 10.1007/s11837-016-2000-4
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA DU1TE
UT WOS:000381991400011
ER
PT J
AU Maranville, BB
Kirby, BJ
Grutter, AJ
Kienzle, PA
Majkrzak, CF
Liu, YH
Dennis, CL
AF Maranville, Brian B.
Kirby, Brian J.
Grutter, Alexander J.
Kienzle, Paul A.
Majkrzak, Charles F.
Liu, Yaohua
Dennis, Cindi L.
TI Measurement and modeling of polarized specular neutron reflectivity in
large magnetic fields
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE polarized neutron reflectometry; applied magnetic fields; Zeeman
corrections; non-collinear magnetization
ID REFLECTOMETRY
AB The presence of a large applied magnetic field removes the degeneracy of the vacuum energy states for spin-up and spin-down neutrons. For polarized neutron reflectometry, this must be included in the reference potential energy of the Schrodinger equation that is used to calculate the expected scattering from a magnetic layered structure. For samples with magnetization that is purely parallel or antiparallel to the applied field which defines the quantization axis, there is no mixing of the spin states (no spin-flip scattering) and so this additional potential is constant throughout the scattering region. When there is non-collinear magnetization in the sample, however, there will be significant scattering from one spin state into the other, and the reference potentials will differ between the incoming and outgoing wavefunctions, changing the angle and intensities of the scattering. The theory of the scattering and recommended experimental practices for this type of measurement are presented, as well as an example measurement.
C1 [Maranville, Brian B.; Kirby, Brian J.; Grutter, Alexander J.; Kienzle, Paul A.; Majkrzak, Charles F.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Liu, Yaohua] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Dennis, Cindi L.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Maranville, BB (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM brian.maranville@nist.gov
RI Liu, Yaohua/B-2529-2009
OI Liu, Yaohua/0000-0002-5867-5065
FU Division of Scientific User Facilities of the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, US Department of Energy
FX YL is supported by the Division of Scientific User Facilities of the
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 7
PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
PI CHESTER
PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND
SN 1600-5767
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 49
BP 1121
EP 1129
DI 10.1107/S1600576716007135
PN 4
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA DV2MY
UT WOS:000382755900002
ER
PT J
AU Levine, A
Jin, FF
McPhaden, MJ
AF Levine, Aaron
Jin, Fei Fei
McPhaden, Michael J.
TI Extreme Noise-Extreme El Nino: How State-Dependent Noise Forcing Creates
El Nino-La Nina Asymmetry
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; WESTERLY WIND BURSTS; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC;
TROPICAL PACIFIC; RECHARGE OSCILLATOR; CONCEPTUAL-MODEL; ANNUAL CYCLE;
PART I; ENSO; EVENTS
AB A major open question about El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is what causes ENSO amplitude asymmetry, with strong El Ninos generally larger than strong La Ninas. The authors examine a leading hypothesis-that the ENSO state modifies the fetch and/or wind speed of westerly wind bursts (WWBs) that create asymmetric forcing and an asymmetric ENSO response. Further, in El Nino forecasts, the number of WWBs expected increases in the month following a strong WWB when compared with the month preceding it. Using a conceptual model, a relationship is derived between the magnitude of the westerly wind burst state dependence on ENSO and ENSO asymmetry. It is found that this relationship between the magnitude of the state dependence and ENSO asymmetry holds in both the observations and 21 coupled climate models. Finally, it is found that because of state-dependent westerly wind burst forcing, extreme El Nino events tend to be of the eastern Pacific variety.
C1 [Levine, Aaron; Jin, Fei Fei] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Atmospher Sci, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Levine, Aaron; McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Levine, A (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM aaron.levine@noaa.gov
RI McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016;
OI Levine, Aaron/0000-0002-8866-4332
FU NSF [AGS-1034798]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0005110]; NOAA
[NA10OAR4310200]; NOAA/PMEL
FX The authors thank A. Kumar and W. Wang for providing the 2015 CFS
forecasts and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback. AFZL
and JFF were supported by NSF Grant AGS-1034798, U.S. Department of
Energy Grant DE-SC0005110, and NOAA Grant NA10OAR4310200. Part of this
research was performed while AFZL held a National Research Council
Research Associateship Award at NOAA/PMEL. MJM is supported by NOAA. The
reanalysis products are available online for HadISST
(http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadisst/) and for ERA-40 and
ERAInterim (http://apps.ecmwf.int/datasets). The CFS Re-analysis,
reforecasts, and current forecast archive are available online as well
(http://nomads.ncdc.noaa.gov/data.php?name5access#cfs). The 2015
forecasts should be available shortly. The CMIP5 data are available
through the PCMDI archive
(http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/data_portal.html).
NR 60
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 15
BP 5483
EP 5499
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0091.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS4PR
UT WOS:000380763500007
ER
PT J
AU Overland, JE
Wang, MY
AF Overland, James E.
Wang, Muyin
TI Recent Extreme Arctic Temperatures are due to a Split Polar Vortex
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-ICE; NORTH PACIFIC; AMPLIFICATION
AB There were extensive regions of Arctic temperature extremes in January and February 2016 that continued into April. For January, the Arctic-wide averaged temperature anomaly was 2.0 degrees C above the previous record of 3.0 degrees C based on four reanalysis products. Midlatitude atmospheric circulation played a major role in producing such extreme temperatures. Extensive low geopotential heights at 700 hPa extended over the southeastern United States, across the Atlantic, and well into the Arctic. Low geopotential heights along the Aleutian Islands and a ridge along northwestern North America contributed southerly wind flow. These two regions of low geopotential height were seen as a major split in the tropospheric polar vortex over the Arctic. Warm air advection north of central Eurasia reinforced the ridge that split the flow near the North Pole. Winter 2015 and 2016 geopotential height fields represented an eastward shift in the longwave atmospheric circulation pattern compared to earlier in the decade (2010-13). Certainly Arctic amplification will continue, and 2016 shows that there can be major Arctic contributions from midlatitudes. Whether Arctic amplification feedbacks are accelerated by the combination of recent thinner, more mobile Arctic sea ice and occasional extreme atmospheric circulation events from midlatitudes is an interesting conjecture.
C1 [Overland, James E.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Wang, Muyin] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Overland, JE (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM james.e.overland@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Arctic Research Project of the Climate Program Office; Joint
Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA
[NA10OAR4320148]
FX The work is supported by NOAA Arctic Research Project of the Climate
Program Office. Data fields from the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis are available
as images provided by the NOAA/ESRL Physical Sciences Division, Boulder,
Colorado, from their website (http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/). E. Hanna
kindly provided the GBI data. This publication is partially funded by
the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO)
under NOAA Cooperative Agreement NA10OAR4320148.
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 8
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 15
BP 5609
EP 5616
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0320.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS4PR
UT WOS:000380763500015
ER
PT J
AU Diaz, HF
Wahl, ER
Zorita, E
Giambelluca, TW
Eischeid, JK
AF Diaz, Henry F.
Wahl, Eugene R.
Zorita, Eduardo
Giambelluca, Thomas W.
Eischeid, Jon K.
TI A Five-Century Reconstruction of Hawaiian Islands Winter Rainfall
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-AMERICAN DROUGHT; STATISTICAL APPROACH; PAST MILLENNIUM;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANALOG METHOD; PACIFIC; VARIABILITY; PRECIPITATION;
ENSO; OSCILLATION
AB Few if any high-resolution (annually resolved) paleoclimate records are available for the Hawaiian Islands prior to; similar to 1850 CE, after which some instrumental records start to become available. This paper shows how atmospheric teleconnection patterns between North America and the northeastern North Pacific (NNP) allow for reconstruction of Hawaiian Islands rainfall using remote proxy information from North America. Based on a newly available precipitation dataset for the state of Hawaii and observed and reconstructed December-February (DJF) sea level pressures (SLPs) in the North Pacific Ocean, the authors make use of a strong relationship between winter SLP variability in the northeast Pacific and corresponding DJF Hawaii rainfall variations to reconstruct and evaluate that season's rainfall over the period 1500-2012 CE. A general drying trend, though with substantial decadal and longer-term variability, is evident, particularly during the last; similar to 160 years. Hawaiian Islands rainfall exhibits strong modulation by El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), as well as in relation to Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO)-like variability. For significant periods of time, the reconstructed large-scale changes in the North Pacific SLP field described here and by construction the long-term decline in Hawaiian winter rainfall are broadly consistent with long-term changes in tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) based on ENSO reconstructions documented in several other studies, particularly over the last two centuries. Also noted are some rather large multidecadal fluctuations in rainfall (and hence in NNP SLP) in the eighteenth century of undetermined provenance.
C1 [Diaz, Henry F.; Eischeid, Jon K.] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Diaz, Henry F.; Eischeid, Jon K.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wahl, Eugene R.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Ctr Weather & Climate, Paleoclimatol Grp, Boulder, CO USA.
[Zorita, Eduardo] Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Inst Coastal Res, Hamburg, Germany.
[Giambelluca, Thomas W.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Diaz, HF (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM hfdiaz@hawaii.edu
OI Giambelluca, Thomas/0000-0002-6798-3780
FU Cluster of Excellence CLISAP (Hamburg, Germany)
FX ERW's research effort for reconstruction of NNP sea level pressure was
partially supported by the Cluster of Excellence CLISAP (Hamburg,
Germany). We kindly thank Cary Mock for providing us with the plot shown
in Fig. 8. We also thank the reviewers for their thorough and
constructive reviews that helped us improve the original manuscript.
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 15
BP 5661
EP 5674
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0815.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS4PR
UT WOS:000380763500019
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, JS
Shukla, J
AF Zhu, Jieshun
Shukla, Jagadish
TI Estimation of Weather Noise in Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Systems Using
Initialized Simulations
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID STOCHASTIC CLIMATE MODELS; EL-NINO; VARIABILITY; ENSEMBLE; PACIFIC
AB This study presents a new method to estimate atmospheric weather noise from coupled models, which is based on initialized simulations with a CGCM. In this method, the weather noise is estimated by removing the signal part, as determined from the coupled ensemble mean simulations. The weather noise estimated from coupled models is compared with that estimated from uncoupled AGCM simulations. The model used in this study is CFSv2. The initialized simulations start from each April during 1982-2009 paired with four members and extend for 6 months. To make a clear comparison between weather noise in coupled and uncoupled simulations, a set of uncoupled AGCM (the atmospheric component of CFSv2) simulations are conducted, which are forced by the daily mean SSTs from the above initialized CGCM simulations. The comparison indicates that, over the Asia-Pacific monsoon region where the local air-sea coupling is important, the noise variances are generally reduced as a result of air-sea coupling, as are the total and signal variances. This result stands in contrast to the results of previous studies that suggested that the noise variance for coupled and uncoupled models is the same. It is shown that the previous conclusion is simply an artifact of the assumption applied in the AGCM-based approach (i.e., the signal is the same between coupled and uncoupled simulations). In addition, the variance difference also exhibits a clear seasonality, with a larger difference over the monsoon region appearing toward boreal summer. Another set of AGCM experiments forced by the same SST suggests that the CGCM-based method generally remains valid in estimating weather noise within 2 months of its initial start.
C1 [Zhu, Jieshun] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Joint Int Res Lab Climate & Environm Change, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecast & Evaluat Meteoro, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster,Minist Educ, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Shukla, Jagadish] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Zhu, JS (reprint author), Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD USA.
EM jieshun.zhu@noaa.gov
FU NSF [AGS-1338427]; NOAA [NA14OAR4310160]; NASA [NNX14AM19G]; Key
Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education
[KLME1404]; NSF of China [41575102]; Priority Academic Program
Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
FX We thank Drs. E. K. Schneider, B. Huang, A. Kumar, P. Peng, Z.-Z. Hu, J.
Kinter, and H. Chen for their constructive comments and insightful
suggestions. We are grateful to Dr. M. A. Balmaseda from ECMWF for
providing its ocean initial conditions and L. Marx for help in the
experiment setup. Thanks also go to three anonymous reviewers for their
helpful comments. Funding for this study was provided by NSF
(AGS-1338427), NOAA (NA14OAR4310160), and NASA (NNX14AM19G). Zhu is also
thankful for the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Meteorological
Disaster of Ministry of Education (KLME1404), the NSF of China under
Grant 41575102, and the project funded by the Priority Academic Program
Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions. Computing
resources provided by the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) division
are also gratefully acknowledged.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 15
BP 5675
EP 5688
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0737.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS4PR
UT WOS:000380763500020
ER
PT J
AU Lass, EA
Grist, RD
Williams, ME
AF Lass, Eric A.
Grist, Richard D.
Williams, Maureen E.
TI Phase Equilibria and Microstructural Evolution in Ternary Co-Al-W
Between 750 and 1100 A degrees C
SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE Co-based alloy; phase diagram; phase equilibrium; superalloy;
thermodynamics
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE ALLOYS; ATOMIC MOBILITY; STABILITY; GAMMA';
INTERDIFFUSION
AB Phase equilibria between 750 and 1100 A degrees C in the Co-rich portion of the Co-Al-W ternary system are investigated via isothermal annealing of five ternary alloy compositions. At temperatures of 900 A degrees C and below, the phase diagram is dominated by a three-phase tie-triangle between gamma, D0(19), and B2. The 1000 A degrees C section contains two three-phase tie-triangles, gamma A + D0(19) + mu and gamma + B2 + mu; while only one, gamma + B2 + mu, exists at 1100 A degrees C. Results at 950 A degrees C suggest that it is possible that gamma' is in equilibrium, with four out of five compositions exhibiting microstructures supporting its thermodynamic stability, and the fifth composition containing only a very small amount of a fourth phase. However, if true, the temperature range of gamma' stability would be quite small, and it is more likely that the kinetics of gamma' dissolution are the cause of its persistence at 950 A degrees C. At 850 A degrees C, gamma' is observed to dissolve more rapidly than at 900 A degrees C where dissolution exceeds 8000 h. A time-temperature-transformation diagram constructed from the combined results exhibits a classic nose-shape indicative of the tradeoff between thermodynamics and kinetics. This further supports a small driving force as the reason for the persistence of gamma' in the microstructures of Co-Al-W alloys at 900 and 950 A degrees C. The measured equilibrium phase compositions and five corresponding isothermal sections of the phase diagram will provide essential data for constructing a new thermodynamic description of ternary Co-Al-W.
C1 [Lass, Eric A.; Grist, Richard D.; Williams, Maureen E.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr,M-S 8555, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lass, EA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr,M-S 8555, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM eric.lass@nist.gov
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1547-7037
EI 1863-7345
J9 J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF
JI J. Phase Equilib. Diffus.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 37
IS 4
SI SI
BP 387
EP 401
DI 10.1007/s11669-016-0461-3
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA DT4LS
UT WOS:000381453200003
ER
PT J
AU Moon, KW
Campbell, CE
Williams, ME
Boettinger, WJ
AF Moon, K. -W.
Campbell, C. E.
Williams, M. E.
Boettinger, W. J.
TI Diffusion in FCC Co-rich Co-Al-W Alloys at 900 and 1000 A degrees C
SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE Co-W-Al ternary system; DICTRA; diffusivity; experiment data error
reduction; mobility database optimization; Sauer-Freise method
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE ALLOYS; NI-BASE SUPERALLOYS; ATOMIC MOBILITY;
THERMODYNAMIC DATABASE; NUMERICAL TREATMENT; INTERDIFFUSION; SYSTEM;
COBALT; PHASE; FE
AB Diffusion couple experiments between various Co-rich face centered cubic (FCC) alloys in the Co-W-Al ternary system have been conducted at 900 and 1000 A degrees C. Diffusion coefficients have been extracted for the Co-W binary and for ternary alloys at compositions where the diffusion paths cross. In addition, a least squares method has been utilized to optimize diffusion mobility parameters using DICTRA simulations to best fit the experimental concentration versus distance curves. Predictions of the diffusion matrix using the refined mobility database are in good agreement with the values obtained at the diffusion path crossing points.
C1 [Moon, K. -W.; Campbell, C. E.; Williams, M. E.; Boettinger, W. J.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Boettinger, W. J.] Theiss Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Moon, KW (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kil-won.moon@nist.gov
FU U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and
Technology [70NANB15H279]
FX William J. Boettinger acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of
Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, under
financial assistance award 70NANB15H279.
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1547-7037
EI 1863-7345
J9 J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF
JI J. Phase Equilib. Diffus.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 37
IS 4
SI SI
BP 402
EP 415
DI 10.1007/s11669-016-0486-7
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA DT4LS
UT WOS:000381453200004
ER
PT J
AU Stalick, JK
Waterstrat, RM
AF Stalick, Judith K.
Waterstrat, Richard M.
TI Crystal Structures and Phase Equilibria in the Hafnium-Palladium System
SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE alloys; binary system; crystal structure; intermetallic compound; phase
equilibria; phase transitions
ID DIAGRAM; PD; HF; ALLOYS; TI
AB Portions of the Hf-Pd phase diagram have been reinvestigated in an attempt to resolve contradictions that occur between two previous studies. Techniques employed include Rietveld refinement using x-ray and high-temperature neutron diffraction data to determine crystal structures and phase equilibria. The compound Hf2Pd3 was discovered with the Os2Al3 structure type, and no evidence was found for a reported "Hf3Pd4" phase. More importantly, the compound HfPd2 was found to be involved in a previously undetected peritectic reaction at 1850 A degrees C. Crystallographic data are given for all compounds encountered, and a significantly revised phase diagram is proposed.
C1 [Stalick, Judith K.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Waterstrat, Richard M.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Stalick, JK (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM judith.stalick@nist.gov
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1547-7037
EI 1863-7345
J9 J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF
JI J. Phase Equilib. Diffus.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 37
IS 4
SI SI
BP 416
EP 422
DI 10.1007/s11669-016-0469-8
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA DT4LS
UT WOS:000381453200005
ER
PT J
AU Shirley, EL
AF Shirley, Eric L.
TI Refined treatment of single-edge diffraction effects in radiometry
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND
VISION
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLAR IRRADIANCE MEASUREMENTS; SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE; PRIMARY STANDARD;
COHERENCE; LIGHT; CALIBRATIONS; SYSTEMS
AB This work treats diffraction corrections in radiometry for cases of point and extended sources in cylindrically symmetrical three-element systems. It considers diffraction effects for spectral power and total power in cases of Planck sources. It improves upon an earlier work by the author by giving a simpler rendering of leading terms in asymptotic expansions for diffraction effects and reliable estimates for the remainders. This work also demonstrates a framework for accelerating the treatment of extended sources and simplifying the calculation of diffraction effects over a range of wavelengths. This is especially important in the short-wavelength region, where dense sampling of wavelength values is in principle necessitated by the rapidly oscillatory behavior of diffraction effects as a function of wavelength. We demonstrate the methodology's efficacy in two radiometric applications. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Shirley, Eric L.] NIST, Sensor Sci Div, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8441, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Shirley, EL (reprint author), NIST, Sensor Sci Div, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8441, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM eric.shirley@nist.gov
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1084-7529
EI 1520-8532
J9 J OPT SOC AM A
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis.
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 8
BP 1509
EP 1522
DI 10.1364/JOSAA.33.001509
PG 14
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DU1XW
UT WOS:000382005000011
PM 27505649
ER
PT J
AU Thorson, JT
Pinsky, ML
Ward, EJ
AF Thorson, James T.
Pinsky, Malin L.
Ward, Eric J.
TI Model-based inference for estimating shifts in species distribution,
area occupied and centre of gravity
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE abundance-weighted average; California Current; centre of gravity;
climate change; range shifts; spatiotemporal model; species distribution
model
ID EXPLOITED MARINE FISHES; RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE;
NORTH; POPULATIONS; ABUNDANCE; TRACKING; SIZE; BIAS; COD
AB Changing climate is already impacting the spatial distribution of many taxa, including bees, plants, birds, butterflies and fishes. A common goal is to detect range shifts in response to climate change, including changes in the centre of the population's distribution (the centre of gravity, COG), population boundaries and area occupied. Conventional estimators, such as the abundance-weighted average (AWA) estimator for COG, confound range shifts with changes in the spatial distribution of available survey data and may be biased when the distribution of survey data shifts over time. AWA also does not estimate the standard error of COG in individual years and cannot incorporate data from multiple survey designs. To explicitly account for changes in the spatial distribution of survey effort, we propose an alternative species distribution function (SDF) estimator. The SDF approach involves calculating distribution metrics, including COG, population boundary and area occupied, directly from the predicted species distribution or density function. We illustrate the SDF approach using a spatiotemporal model that is available as an r package. Using simulated data, we confirm that the SDF substantially decreases bias in COG estimates relative to the AWA estimator. We then illustrate the method by analysing data from two data sets spanning 1977-2013 for 18 marine fishes along the U.S. West Coast. In our case study, the SDF estimator shows significant northward shifts for six of 18 species (with southward shifts for only 2), where two species (darkblotched and greenstriped rockfishes) have both a northward shift and a decreased area occupied. Pelagic species (e.g. Pacific hake and spiny dogfish) have more variable distribution than bottom-associated species. We also find substantial differences between AWA and SDF estimates of COG that are likely caused by shifts in sampling distribution (which affect the AWA but not the SDF estimator). We caution that common estimators for range shift can yield inappropriate inference whenever sampling designs have shifted over time. We conclude by suggesting further improvements in model-based approaches to analysing climate impacts, including methods addressing the impact of local and regional temperature changes on species distribution.
C1 [Thorson, James T.] NOAA, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div FR, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Pinsky, Malin L.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Ward, Eric J.] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Thorson, JT (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div FR, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM James.Thorson@noaa.gov
OI Pinsky, Malin/0000-0002-8523-8952; Thorson, James/0000-0001-7415-1010
NR 46
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 20
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2041-210X
EI 2041-2096
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 8
BP 990
EP 1002
DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12567
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU8ZO
UT WOS:000382505900013
ER
PT J
AU Carrara, P
De Lorenzis, L
Bentz, DP
AF Carrara, P.
De Lorenzis, L.
Bentz, D. P.
TI Chloride diffusivity in hardened cement paste from microscale analyses
and accounting for binding effects
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE chloride diffusion and binding; microscale analyses; numerical analyses;
segmentation of real microstructures; simulated microstructures
ID COMPUTER-SIMULATION; CONCRETE; MODEL; PENETRATION; PERCOLATION;
VARIABLES; HYDRATION
AB The diffusion of chloride ions in hardened cement paste (HCP) under steady-state conditions and accounting for the highly heterogeneous nature of the material is investigated. The three-dimensional HCP microstructures are obtained through segmentation of x-ray images of real samples as well as from simulations using the cement hydration model CEMHYD3D. Moreover, the physical and chemical interactions between chloride ions and HCP phases (binding), along with their effects on the diffusive process, are explicitly taken into account. The homogenized diffusivity of the HCP is then derived through a least square homogenization technique. Comparisons between numerical results and experimental data from the literature are presented.
C1 [Carrara, P.; De Lorenzis, L.] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Appl Mech, Bienroder Weg 87, D-38106 Braunschweig, DE, Germany.
[Bentz, D. P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Engn Lab, Stop 8615,100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Carrara, P (reprint author), Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Appl Mech, Bienroder Weg 87, D-38106 Braunschweig, DE, Germany.
EM p.carrara@tu-braunschweig.de; l.delorenzis@tu-braunschweig.de;
dale.bentz@nist.gov
FU European Research Council under European Unions [279439]; German DFG
project Graduiertenkolleg 2075 [GRK-2075]
FX This research was founded by the European Research Council under the
European Unions Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant
agreement n. 279439 and by the German DFG project Graduiertenkolleg 2075
(GRK-2075).
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
EI 1361-651X
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 6
AR 065009
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/24/6/065009
PG 26
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA DU6DA
UT WOS:000382302600009
ER
PT J
AU Krueger-Hadfield, SA
Kollars, NM
Byers, JE
Greig, TW
Hammann, M
Murray, DC
Murren, CJ
Strand, AE
Terada, R
Weinberger, F
Sotka, EE
AF Krueger-Hadfield, Stacy A.
Kollars, Nicole M.
Byers, James E.
Greig, Thomas W.
Hammann, Mareike
Murray, David C.
Murren, Courtney J.
Strand, Allan E.
Terada, Ryuta
Weinberger, Florian
Sotka, Erik E.
TI Invasion of novel habitats uncouples haplo-diplontic life cycles
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Baker's Law; biological invasion; biphasic life cycle; fragmentation;
Gracilaria; haploid-diploid; population genetics; seaweed; uniparental
reproduction
ID ALGA GRACILARIA-VERMICULOPHYLLA; MASTOCARPUS-PAPILLATUS RHODOPHYTA;
SEAWEED CHONDRUS-CRISPUS; MIXED MATING SYSTEM; RED ALGA;
GENETIC-STRUCTURE; BAKERS LAW; INBREEDING DEPRESSION; FERTILIZATION
SUCCESS; REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY
AB Baker's Law predicts uniparental reproduction will facilitate colonization success in novel habitats. While evidence supports this prediction among colonizing plants and animals, few studies have investigated shifts in reproductive mode in haplo-diplontic species in which both prolonged haploid and diploid stages separate meiosis and fertilization in time and space. Due to this separation, asexual reproduction can yield the dominance of one of the ploidy stages in colonizing populations. We tested for shifts in ploidy and reproductive mode across native and introduced populations of the red seaweed Gracilaria vermiculophylla. Native populations in the northwest Pacific Ocean were nearly always attached by holdfasts to hard substrata and, as is characteristic of the genus, haploid-diploid ratios were slightly diploid-biased. In contrast, along North American and European coastlines, introduced populations nearly always floated atop soft-sediment mudflats and were overwhelmingly dominated by diploid thalli without holdfasts. Introduced populations exhibited population genetic signals consistent with extensive vegetative fragmentation, while native populations did not. Thus, the ecological shift from attached to unattached thalli, ostensibly necessitated by the invasion of soft-sediment habitats, correlated with shifts from sexual to asexual reproduction and slight to strong diploid bias. We extend Baker's Law by predicting other colonizing haplo-diplontic species will show similar increases in asexuality that correlate with the dominance of one ploidy stage. Labile mating systems likely facilitate colonization success and subsequent range expansion, but for haplo-diplontic species, the long-term eco-evolutionary impacts will depend on which ploidy stage is lost and the degree to which asexual reproduction is canalized.
C1 [Krueger-Hadfield, Stacy A.; Kollars, Nicole M.; Murray, David C.; Strand, Allan E.; Sotka, Erik E.] Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, 205 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Krueger-Hadfield, Stacy A.; Kollars, Nicole M.; Murren, Courtney J.; Strand, Allan E.; Sotka, Erik E.] Coll Charleston, Dept Biol, 66 George St, Charleston, SC 29424 USA.
[Byers, James E.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, 130 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Greig, Thomas W.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29312 USA.
[Hammann, Mareike; Weinberger, Florian] GEOMAR Helmholtz Zentrum Ozeanforsch Kiel, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, D-23105 Kiel, Germany.
[Terada, Ryuta] Kagoshima Univ, Dept Fisheries, Shimoarata 3-50-20, Kagoshima 8900056, Japan.
[Krueger-Hadfield, Stacy A.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, 1300 Univ Blvd,Campbell Hall Room 464, Birmingham, AL 35924 USA.
[Kollars, Nicole M.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Krueger-Hadfield, SA (reprint author), Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, 205 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.; Krueger-Hadfield, SA (reprint author), Coll Charleston, Dept Biol, 66 George St, Charleston, SC 29424 USA.; Krueger-Hadfield, SA (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, 1300 Univ Blvd,Campbell Hall Room 464, Birmingham, AL 35924 USA.
EM sakh@uab.edu; sotkae@cofc.edu
RI Terada, Ryuta/O-2813-2013; Weinberger, Florian/O-5554-2015
OI Terada, Ryuta/0000-0003-3193-6592; Weinberger,
Florian/0000-0003-3366-6880
FU NSF [BIO-OCE-1057713, BIO-OCE-1057707, BIO-OCE-1357386]; College of
Charleston Graduate Research Grant; Phycological Society of America;
Zostera Experimental Network Graduate Research Fellowship [NSF
OCE-1031061]; LLUR-Schleswig-Holstein
FX We are grateful for everyone who provided algal samples (see Table Si
for complete list): M. Valero for insightful discussions and comments on
earlier versions of this manuscript; F. Balloux and three anonymous
reviewers for constructive comments that improved this manuscript; K.
Holcombe at the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge (FWS Special Use
Permit SUP 51570-2014-013) and B. Hughes (Elkhorn Slough National
Estuarine Research Reserve) for site access; and G. Saunders for field
locations in British Columbia and S. Shainker for assistance with DNA
extractions. This project was supported by NSF BIO-OCE-1057713,
BIO-OCE-1057707, BIO-OCE-1357386; a College of Charleston Graduate
Research Grant; the Phycological Society of America
Grants-in-Aid-of-Research; Zostera Experimental Network Graduate
Research Fellowship (NSF OCE-1031061); and LLUR-Schleswig-Holstein. The
scientific results and conclusions, as well as any opinions expressed
herein, are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the
views of NOAA or the Department of Commerce. The mention of any
commercial product is not meant as an endorsement by the Agency or
Department.
NR 116
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 18
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
EI 1365-294X
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 25
IS 16
BP 3801
EP 3816
DI 10.1111/mec.13718
PG 16
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA DT6FD
UT WOS:000381578200003
PM 27286564
ER
PT J
AU Dornburg, A
Eytan, RI
Federman, S
Pennington, JN
Stewart, AL
Jones, CD
Near, TJ
AF Dornburg, Alex
Eytan, Ron I.
Federman, Sarah
Pennington, Jillian N.
Stewart, Andrew L.
Jones, Christopher D.
Near, Thomas J.
TI Molecular data support the existence of two species of the Antarctic
fish genus Cryodraco (Channichthyidae)
SO POLAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Notothenioidei; Pelagic larval dispersal; Species delimitation; Icefish
ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ROSS SEA; HAPLOTYPE
RECONSTRUCTION; STATISTICAL-METHOD; NOTOTHENIOID FISH; SEQUENCE DATA;
DNA BARCODES; R-PACKAGE; INFERENCE
AB Antarctic notothenioids represent one of the few strongly supported examples of adaptive radiation in marine fishes. The extent of population connectivity and structure is unknown for many species, thereby limiting our understanding of the factors that underlie speciation dynamics in this radiation. Here, we assess the population structure of the widespread species Cryodraco antarcticus and its sister species Cryodraco atkinsoni, whose taxonomic status is currently debated. Combining both population genetic and phylogenetic approaches to species delimitation, we provide evidence that C. atkinsoni is a distinct species. Our analyses show that C. atkinsoni and C. antarcticus are recently diverged sister lineages, and the two species differ with regard to patterns of population structure. A systematic and accurate account of species diversity is a critical prerequisite for investigations into the complex processes that underlie the history of speciation in the notothenioid adaptive radiation.
C1 [Dornburg, Alex] North Carolina Museum Nat Sci, Ichthyol Unit, 11 West Jones St, Raleigh, NC 27601 USA.
[Eytan, Ron I.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
[Federman, Sarah; Near, Thomas J.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Pennington, Jillian N.] Yale Univ, Ezra Stiles Coll, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Stewart, Andrew L.] Museum New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, POB 467, Wellington, New Zealand.
[Jones, Christopher D.] NOAA, Antarctic Ecosyst Res Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Near, Thomas J.] Yale Univ, Peabody Museum Nat Hist, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
RP Dornburg, A (reprint author), North Carolina Museum Nat Sci, Ichthyol Unit, 11 West Jones St, Raleigh, NC 27601 USA.
EM alex.dornburg@naturalsciences.org
OI Dornburg, Alex/0000-0003-0863-2283
FU New Zealand Government; NSF [PLR-1341661]
FX Fieldwork was facilitated through the United States Antarctic Marine
Living Resources Program and the officers and crew of the RV
Yuzhmorgeologia, the 2004 ICEFISH cruise aboard the RVIB Nathaniel B.
Palmer, and the 2008 IPY/CAML expedition aboard the RV Tangaroa funded
by the New Zealand Government. Specimens and data collected by and made
available through the New Zealand International Polar Year-Census of
Antarctic Marine Life Project are gratefully acknowledged. Field and
laboratory support was provided by H. W. Detrich, J. Kendrick, K.-H.
Kock, K. L. Kuhn, and J. A. Moore. This research was funded from a NSF
grant awarded to T.J.N. (PLR-1341661). All sequence alignment and
analysis files used in this study have been archived on Zenodo
(DOI:10.5281/zenodo.35673).
NR 77
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4060
EI 1432-2056
J9 POLAR BIOL
JI Polar Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 8
BP 1369
EP 1379
DI 10.1007/s00300-015-1859-9
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DT3UA
UT WOS:000381405400002
ER
PT J
AU Wong-Ng, W
Laws, W
Kaduk, JA
AF Wong-Ng, W.
Laws, W.
Kaduk, J. A.
TI Crystal chemistry and phase equilibria of the CaO-1/2Eu(2)O(3)-CoOz
system at 885 degrees C
SO SOLID STATE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Phase diagram of CaO-1/2; Eu2O3-CoOz; Thermoelectric oxide system;
Tie-line phase relationships; Structure for (Eu1-xCax)CoO3-z
ID TEMPERATURE THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; NAMGF3 PEROVSKITE; THIN-FILMS;
CA3CO2O6; CA3CO4O9; SUBSTITUTION; REFINEMENT; MAGNETISM; OXIDE; AIR
AB The CaO-1/2Eu(2)O(3)-CoOz system prepared at 885 degrees C in air consists of two calcium cobaltate compounds, namely, the 2D thermoelectric oxide solid solution, (Ca3-xEux)Co4O9-z (0 <= x <= 0.5) which has a misfit layered structure, and the 1D Ca3Co2O6 compound which consists of chains of alternating CoO6 trigonal prisms and CoO6 octahedra. Ca3Co2O6 was found to be a point compound without the substitution of Eu on the Ca site when prepared at 885 degrees C. A solid solution region of distorted perovskite, (Eu1-xCax)CoO3-z (0 <= x <= 0.22, space group Pnma) was established. The (Eu0.91(1)Ca0.09(1))CoO3-z perovskite member has a distorted structure with tilt angles theta (17.37 degrees), phi (8.20 degrees), and omega (19.16 degrees) which represent rotations of an octahedron about the pseudo-cubic perovskite [110](p), [001](p) and [111](p) axes. The reported Eu2CoO4 phase was not observed at 885 degrees C, but a ternary Ca-doped oxide, (Eu1+xCa1-x)CoO4-z (Bmab) where 0 <= x <= 0.10 was found to be stable at this temperature. In the peripheral binary systems, Eu was not present in the Ca site of CaO, while a small solid solution region was identified for (Eu1-xCax)O(3-z)/2 (0 <= x <= 0.05). Seven solid solution tie-line regions and six three-phase regions were determined in the CaO-1/2Eu(2)O(3)-CoOz system in air. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
C1 [Wong-Ng, W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Laws, W.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kaduk, J. A.] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
RP Wong-Ng, W (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM winnie.wong-ng@nist.gov
FU ICDD
FX ICDD is thanked for the partial support through the Grants-in-Aid
program.
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1293-2558
EI 1873-3085
J9 SOLID STATE SCI
JI Solid State Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 58
BP 105
EP 110
DI 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2016.06.007
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed
Matter
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DT6IO
UT WOS:000381588100014
ER
PT J
AU Freed, MC
Novak, LA
Killgore, WDS
Rauch, SAM
Koehlmoos, TP
Ginsberg, JP
Krupnick, JL
Rizzo, A
Andrews, A
Engel, CC
AF Freed, Michael C.
Novak, Laura A.
Killgore, William D. S.
Rauch, Sheila A. M.
Koehlmoos, Tracey P.
Ginsberg, J. P.
Krupnick, Janice L.
Rizzo, Albert Skip
Andrews, Anne
Engel, Charles C.
TI IRB and Research Regulatory Delays Within the Military Health System: Do
They Really Matter? And If So, Why and for Whom?
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS
LA English
DT Article
DE human subjects research; IRB (institutional review board); regulatory
issues; research ethics
ID RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS; CLINICAL-TRIALS; BOARDS; BUREAUCRACY; IRAQ; CARE
AB Institutional review board (IRB) delays may hinder the successful completion of federally funded research in the U.S. military. When this happens, time-sensitive, mission-relevant questions go unanswered. Research participants face unnecessary burdens and risks if delays squeeze recruitment timelines, resulting in inadequate sample sizes for definitive analyses. More broadly, military members are exposed to untested or undertested interventions, implemented by well-intentioned leaders who bypass the research process altogether. To illustrate, we offer two case examples. We posit that IRB delays often appear in the service of managing institutional risk, rather than protecting research participants. Regulators may see more risk associated with moving quickly than risk related to delay, choosing to err on the side of bureaucracy. The authors of this article, all of whom are military-funded researchers, government stakeholders, and/or human subject protection experts, offer feasible recommendations to improve the IRB system and, ultimately, research within military, veteran, and civilian populations.
C1 [Freed, Michael C.; Novak, Laura A.] Def Ctr Excellence Psychol Hlth & Traumat Brain I, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Freed, Michael C.; Koehlmoos, Tracey P.; Engel, Charles C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Killgore, William D. S.] Univ Arizona, McLean Hosp, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Killgore, William D. S.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA.
[Rauch, Sheila A. M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Rauch, Sheila A. M.] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Koehlmoos, Tracey P.] US Marine Corps, Arlington, VA USA.
William Jennings Bryan Dorn VA Med Ctr, Columbia, SC USA.
[Ginsberg, J. P.] Univ South Carolina, Sch Med, Columbia, SC USA.
[Krupnick, Janice L.] Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[Rizzo, Albert Skip] Univ Southern Calif, Inst Creat Technol, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Andrews, Anne] Def Ctr Excellence Psychol Hlth & Traumat Brain I, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Andrews, Anne] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Engel, Charles C.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA.
RP Freed, MC (reprint author), EMT B, 7909 Foxhound Rd, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
EM mfreed@cbhw.org
OI Freed, Michael/0000-0001-5570-9488; Killgore,
William/0000-0002-5328-0208
FU US Department of Defense Deployment Related Medical Research Program
award [DR080409]; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of
Military Medicine, Inc. [W81XWH-09-2-0077]; Research Triangle Institute
[W81XWH-09-2-0078]; RAND Corporation [W81XWH-09-2-0079]
FX This article was supported, in part, by a US Department of Defense
Deployment Related Medical Research Program award (grant DR080409). The
award was a joint award to the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the
Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. (award W81XWH-09-2-0077),
Research Triangle Institute (award W81XWH-09-2-0078), and RAND
Corporation (award W81XWH-09-2-0079).
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 2
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1526-5161
EI 1536-0075
J9 AM J BIOETHICS
JI Am. J. Bioeth.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 8
BP 30
EP 37
DI 10.1080/15265161.2016.1187212
PG 8
WC Ethics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Social Sciences, Biomedical
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues;
Biomedical Social Sciences
GA DS6OI
UT WOS:000380901100014
PM 27366845
ER
PT J
AU Pothoven, SA
Fahnenstiel, GL
Vanderploeg, HA
Nalepa, TF
AF Pothoven, Steven A.
Fahnenstiel, Gary L.
Vanderploeg, Henry A.
Nalepa, Thomas F.
TI Changes in water quality variables at a mid-depth site after
proliferation of dreissenid mussels in southeastern Lake Michigan
SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE chlorophyll; phosphorus; invasive species; Great Lakes; deep chlorophyll
layer
ID DEEP CHLOROPHYLL MAXIMUM; AMPHIPOD DIPOREIA SPP.; GREAT-LAKES;
ROSTRIFORMIS-BUGENSIS; PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOM; TEMPORAL TRENDS; DYNAMICS;
NEARSHORE; BIOMASS; POLYMORPHA
AB Studies evaluating the impacts of dreissenid mussels in Lake Michigan have largely focused on changes in phytoplankton dynamics in the offshore region (i.e., >100 m depth) even though mussel biomass is actually highest in mid-depth coastal regions of Lake Michigan (i.e., 30-50 m). Here we report on changes at the base of the food web during 1995-2014 at a mid-depth site located in southeastern Lake Michigan. Specifically, we evaluated trends in Secchi depth, surface mixed layer chlorophyll-a and total phosphorus (TP), sub-epilimnetic deep chlorophyll layer concentrations, and near bottom chlorophyll-a concentrations and whether there have been shifts in the seasonal patterns of these variables. Median chlorophyll-a concentrations declined over 63 % during the spring isothermal period following the sharp increase in mussel abundance between 1996-2002 and 2007-2014. Chlorophyll-a concentrations in the spring were generally between 2 and 3 mg m(-3) in 1996-2002, but almost never exceeded 1 mg m(-3) in 2007-2014. Secchi depths increased in all months between 1996-2002 and 2007-2014, with the greatest changes being observed in the spring. Total phosphorus in the surface mixed layer declined over the study period, but not at as fast a rate as chlorophyll-a, a change consistent with mussel invasions. There was a 90 % decline in the median depth integrated deep chlorophyll-a concentration between 1995-2000 and 2007-2014 in June when this feature was at its peak. Chlorophyll-a concentrations in the near bottom zone also decreased over time, likely due to their constant contact with dreissenid mussels. The declines in chlorophyll-a and changes in nutrient dynamics at the mid-depth site are consistent with dreissenid induced impacts that have also been documented at deeper, offshore sites in Lake Michigan.
C1 [Pothoven, Steven A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 1431 Beach St, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
[Fahnenstiel, Gary L.] Michigan Technol Univ, Great Lakes Res Ctr, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Fahnenstiel, Gary L.] Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Tech Res Inst, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Fahnenstiel, Gary L.; Nalepa, Thomas F.] Univ Michigan, U M Water Ctr, 214 State St, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Vanderploeg, Henry A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Pothoven, SA (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 1431 Beach St, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
EM steve.pothoven@noaa.gov
NR 52
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 16
U2 16
PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG
PI STUTTGART
PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176
STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 1863-9135
J9 FUND APPL LIMNOL
JI Fundam. Appl. Limnol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 188
IS 3
BP 233
EP 244
DI 10.1127/fal/2016/0883
PG 12
WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DT2QD
UT WOS:000381324600005
ER
PT J
AU Flaud, JM
Tchana, FK
Lafferty, WJ
Manceron, L
Ndao, M
AF Flaud, J. -M.
Tchana, F. Kwabia
Lafferty, W. J.
Manceron, L.
Ndao, M.
TI First far-infrared high resolution analysis of the nu(6) band of
phosgene (Cl12CO)-Cl-35 and (ClClCO)-Cl-35-Cl-37
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Phosgene; High resolution; Spectroscopic constants
ID ANHARMONIC POTENTIAL FUNCTION; EQUILIBRIUM STRUCTURE; SPECTROSCOPY;
SPECTRUM
AB A Fourier transform spectrum of phosgene (Cl2CO) has been recorded in the 22.5 mu m spectral region at a resolution of 0.00102 cm(-1) using a Bruker IFS125HR spectrometer coupled to synchrotron radiation leading to the observation of the nu(6) vibrational bands of the two isotopologues (Cl2CO)-Cl-35 and (Cl37ClCO)-Cl-35. The corresponding upper state ro-vibrational levels were fit using Watson-type Hamiltonians. In this way it was possible to reproduce the upper state ro-vibrational levels to within the experimental uncertainty i.e. similar to 0.30 x 10(-3) cm(-1). Very accurate rotational and centrifugal distortion constants were derived from the fit together with the following band centers: nu(0)(nu(6), (Cl2CO)-Cl-35)= 443.172062(15) cm(-1), nu(0)(nu(6),(ClClCO)-Cl-35-Cl-37) = 440.534956(17) cm(-1). (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Flaud, J. -M.; Tchana, F. Kwabia; Ndao, M.] Univ Paris Est Creteil, UMR CNRS 7583, LISA, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, 61 Ave Gen Gaulle, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Flaud, J. -M.; Tchana, F. Kwabia; Ndao, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, UMR CNRS 7583, LISA, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, 61 Ave Gen Gaulle, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Lafferty, W. J.] NIST, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Manceron, L.] LOrme Merisiers, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Ligne AILES, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Manceron, L.] CNRS UMR 8233, MONARIS, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France.
RP Flaud, JM (reprint author), Univ Paris Est Creteil, UMR CNRS 7583, LISA, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, 61 Ave Gen Gaulle, F-94010 Creteil, France.; Flaud, JM (reprint author), Univ Paris Diderot, UMR CNRS 7583, LISA, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, 61 Ave Gen Gaulle, F-94010 Creteil, France.
EM flaud@lisa.u-pec.fr
FU European Space Agency [21719/08/I-OL]; Sensor Science Division
FX Part of this work was supported by the European Space Agency through
contract No. 21719/08/I-OL, "Support to MIPAS Level 2 Product
Validation". One of authors (JMF) thanks the Sensor Science Division for
support during a stay at NIST.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2852
EI 1096-083X
J9 J MOL SPECTROSC
JI J. Mol. Spectrosc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 326
BP 87
EP 89
DI 10.1016/j.jms.2015.10.009
PG 3
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA DT4KH
UT WOS:000381448100010
ER
PT J
AU Kalidindi, SR
Brough, DB
Li, SY
Cecen, A
Blekh, AL
Congo, FYP
Campbell, C
AF Kalidindi, Surya R.
Brough, David B.
Li, Shengyen
Cecen, Ahmet
Blekh, Aleksandr L.
Congo, Faical Yannick P.
Campbell, Carelyn
TI Role of materials data science and informatics in accelerated materials
innovation
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE microstructure; metal; alloy; informatics; data
ID MATERIALS GENOME; SIMULATIONS; CALIBRATION; ONTOLOGIES
AB The goal of the Materials Genome Initiative is to substantially reduce the time and cost of materials design and deployment. Achieving this goal requires taking advantage of the recent advances in data and information sciences. This critical need has impelled the emergence of a new discipline, called materials data science and informatics. This emerging new discipline not only has to address the core scientific/technological challenges related to datafication of materials science and engineering, but also, a number of equally important challenges around data-driven transformation of the current culture, practices, and workflows employed for materials innovation. A comprehensive effort that addresses both of these aspects in a synergistic manner is likely to succeed in realizing the vision of scaled-up materials innovation. Key toolsets needed for the successful adoption of materials data science and informatics in materials innovation are identified and discussed in this article. Prototypical examples of emerging novel toolsets and their functionality are described along with select case studies.
C1 [Kalidindi, Surya R.; Blekh, Aleksandr L.] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Brough, David B.; Cecen, Ahmet] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Computat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Li, Shengyen] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Congo, Faical Yannick P.; Campbell, Carelyn] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Kalidindi, SR (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM surya.kalidindi@me.gatech.edu; david.brough@gatech.edu;
Shengyen.Li@nist.gov; ahmetcecen@gatech.edu; aleksandr.blekh@gatech.edu;
faical.congo@nist.gov; carelyn.campbell@nist.gov
FU NIST [70NAN-B14H191]; NSF-IGERT [1258425]; AFOSR [FA9550-12-1-0458];
GT-IDEAS project; GT-IMat
FX S.K. and D.B. acknowledge funding from NIST 70NAN-B14H191 for this work.
D.B. also acknowledges funding from NSF-IGERT Award 1258425. A.C.
acknowledges funding from AFOSR Award FA9550-12-1-0458. A.B.
acknowledges support from the GT-IDEAS project and GT-IMat for the MATIN
development.
NR 60
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 20
U2 23
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0883-7694
EI 1938-1425
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 8
BP 596
EP 602
DI 10.1557/mrs.2016.164
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA DU9AM
UT WOS:000382508600006
ER
PT J
AU Hankiewicz, JH
Celinski, Z
Stupic, KF
Anderson, NR
Camley, RE
AF Hankiewicz, J. H.
Celinski, Z.
Stupic, K. F.
Anderson, N. R.
Camley, R. E.
TI Ferromagnetic particles as magnetic resonance imaging temperature
sensors
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID MR-THERMOMETRY; IN-VIVO; ABSOLUTE TEMPERATURE; THERMAL ABLATION;
CONTRAST AGENTS; SELF-DIFFUSION; WATER; RELAXATION; NANOPARTICLES;
THERMOTHERAPY
AB Magnetic resonance imaging is an important technique for identifying different types of tissues in a body or spatial information about composite materials. Because temperature is a fundamental parameter reflecting the biological status of the body and individual tissues, it would be helpful to have temperature maps superimposed on spatial maps. Here we show that small ferromagnetic particles with a strong temperature-dependent magnetization, can be used to produce temperature-dependent images in magnetic resonance imaging with an accuracy of about 1 degrees C. This technique, when further developed, could be used to identify inflammation or tumours, or to obtain spatial maps of temperature in various medical interventional procedures such as hyperthermia and thermal ablation. This method could also be used to determine temperature profiles inside nonmetallic composite materials.
C1 [Hankiewicz, J. H.; Celinski, Z.; Anderson, N. R.; Camley, R. E.] Univ Colorado, BioFrontiers Inst, UCCS Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA.
[Stupic, K. F.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hankiewicz, JH (reprint author), Univ Colorado, BioFrontiers Inst, UCCS Ctr, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA.
EM jhankiew@uccs.edu
FU State of Colorado Bioscience Discovery Evaluation Grant [14BGF- 22];
UCCS BioFrontiers Center
FX This work was supported by the State of Colorado Bioscience Discovery
Evaluation Grant (14BGF- 22) and the UCCS BioFrontiers Center. We thank
Dr Y. Garbovskiy, J. Baptist, J. Nobles and K. Smiley from UCCS for
their contribution to the project, Drs T.K. Yasar and T.J. Royston from
University of Illinois at Chicago for making the Matlab programme
available for image intensity calculations, and Drs P. Kabos and S.
Russek from National Institute of Standards and Technology in Boulder,
CO, for their valuable comments on the manuscript. This paper is a
contribution of NIST and is not subject to copyright in the United
States.
NR 61
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 27
U2 28
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 12415
DI 10.1038/ncomms12415
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DS7HI
UT WOS:000380953600001
PM 27503610
ER
PT J
AU Sun, JQ
Chu, M
Wang, MH
AF Sun, Junqiang
Chu, Mike
Wang, Menghua
TI Degradation nonuniformity in the solar diffuser bidirectional
reflectance distribution function
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID IMAGING RADIOMETER SUITE; ON-ORBIT CHARACTERIZATION; CALIBRATION; BANDS;
PERFORMANCE; SEAWIFS
AB The assumption of angular dependence stability of the solar diffuser (SD) throughout degradation is critical to the on-orbit calibration of the reflective solar bands (RSBs) in many satellite sensors. Recent evidence has pointed to the contrary, and in this work, we present a thorough investigative effort into the angular dependence of the SD degradation for the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi National Polarorbiting Partnership (SNPP) satellite and for the twin Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard Terra and Aqua spacecrafts. One common key step in the RSB calibration is the use of the SD degradation performance measured by an accompanying solar diffuser stability monitor (SDSM) as a valid substitute for the SD degradation factor in the direction of the RSB view. If SD degradations between these two respective directions do not maintain the same relative relationship over time, then the unmitigated use of the SDSM-measured SD degradation factor in the RSB calibration calculation will generate bias, and consequently, long-term drift in derived science products. We exploit the available history of the on-orbit calibration events to examine the response of the SDSM and the RSB detectors to the incident illumination reflecting off SD versus solar declination angle and show that the angular dependency, particularly at short wavelengths, evolves with respect to time. The generalized and the decisive conclusion is that the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of the SD degrades nonuniformly with respect to both incident and outgoing directions. Thus, the SDSM-based measurements provide SD degradation factors that are biased relative to the RSB view direction with respect to the SD. The analysis also reveals additional interesting phenomena, for example, the sharp behavioral change in the evolving angular dependence observed in Terra MODIS and SNPP VIIRS. For SNPP VIIRS the mitigation for this "SD degradation nonuniformity effect" with respect to angles relies on a "hybrid methodology" using lunar-based calibration to set the reliable long-term baseline. For MODIS, the use of earth targets in the major release Collection 6 to improve calibration coefficients and time-dependent response-versus-scan-angle characterization inherently averts the use of SD and its associated issues. The work further supports that having an open-close operational capability for the space view door can minimize SD degradation and its associated effects due to solar exposure, and thus provide long-term benefits for maintaining calibration and science data accuracy. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Sun, Junqiang; Chu, Mike; Wang, Menghua] NOAA Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, E-RA3,5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Sun, Junqiang] Global Sci & Technol, 7855 Walker Dr,Suite 200, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
[Chu, Mike] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Sun, JQ (reprint author), NOAA Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, E-RA3,5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.; Sun, JQ (reprint author), Global Sci & Technol, 7855 Walker Dr,Suite 200, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
EM junqiang.sun@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Menghua/F-5631-2010
OI Wang, Menghua/0000-0001-7019-3125
FU Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS)
FX Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS).
NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 22
BP 6001
EP 6016
DI 10.1364/AO.55.006001
PG 16
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DS4HP
UT WOS:000380742300026
PM 27505382
ER
PT J
AU Bushby, ST
Jones, A
AF Bushby, Steven T.
Jones, Allen
TI Facility Information Model Standard
SO ASHRAE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Bushby, Steven T.] NIST, Mech Syst & Controls Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bushby, ST (reprint author), NIST, Mech Syst & Controls Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC,
PI ATLANTA
PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA
SN 0001-2491
EI 1943-6637
J9 ASHRAE J
JI ASHRAE J.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 58
IS 8
BP 24
EP 34
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA DS8YE
UT WOS:000381068100011
ER
PT J
AU Kao, YC
Adlerstein, SA
Rutherford, ES
AF Kao, Yu-Chun
Adlerstein, Sara A.
Rutherford, Edward S.
TI Assessment of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Controls on the Collapse of
Alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) in Lake Huron
SO ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE lake ecosystems; food web; Ecopath with Ecosim; top-down control;
bottom-up control; recreational fisheries; lake Huron
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; FOOD-WEB; FRESH-WATER; ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE; FISH
COMMUNITIES; MICHIGAN; IMPACTS; ONTARIO; MODELS; FISHERIES
AB Food web models are powerful tools to inform management of lake ecosystems, where top-down (predation) and bottom-up (resource) controls likely propagate through multiple trophic levels because of strong predator-prey links. We used the Ecopath with Ecosim modeling approach to assess these controls on the Lake Huron main basin food web and the 2003 collapse of an invasive pelagic prey fish, alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus). We parameterized two Ecopath models to characterize food web changes occurring between two study periods of 1981-1985 and 1998-2002. We also built an Ecosim model and simulated food web time-dynamics under scenarios representing different levels of top-down control by Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and of bottom-up control by quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) and nutrients. Ecopath results showed an increase in the relative importance of bottom-up controls between the two periods, as production decreased across all trophic levels. The production of non-dreissenid benthos decreased most, which could cause decreases in production of pelagic prey fishes feeding on them. Ecosim simulation results indicated that the alewife collapse was caused by a combination of top-down and bottom-up controls. Results showed that while controls by Chinook salmon were relatively constant before alewife collapse, controls by quagga mussels and nutrients increased jointly to unsustainable levels. Under current conditions of low nutrients and high quagga mussel biomass, simulation results showed that recovery of alewives is unlikely regardless of Chinook salmon biomass in Lake Huron, which implies that the shrinking prey base cannot support the same level of salmonine predators as that prevailed during the 1980s.
C1 [Kao, Yu-Chun; Adlerstein, Sara A.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Rutherford, Edward S.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 South State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Kao, YC (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM kyuchun@umich.edu
RI Kao, Yu-Chun/E-1496-2017
OI Kao, Yu-Chun/0000-0001-5552-909X
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
[DW-13-92359501]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research [GL-00E00604-0,
NA10NOS4780218]
FX We are thankful to Adam Cottrill, Jixiang He, Thomas Nalepa, Stephen
Riley, Jeffrey Schaeffer, and Zhenming Su for providing data and helping
with data issues. We are also thankful to Jason Breck and Hongyan Zhang
for programming and EwE modeling support. James Diana, Charles
Madenjian, Earl Werner, Michael Wiley, David "Bo" Bunnell, and Randall
Claramunt provided suggestions to an early draft of this article. This
research was funded by award number DW-13-92359501 from the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes Restoration Initiative and
award numbers GL-00E00604-0 and NA10NOS4780218 from the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean
Research. This manuscript is NOAA GLERL Contribution No. 1801.
NR 58
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 25
U2 31
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-9840
EI 1435-0629
J9 ECOSYSTEMS
JI Ecosystems
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 19
IS 5
BP 803
EP 831
DI 10.1007/s10021-016-9969-y
PG 29
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DS3FU
UT WOS:000380669300004
ER
PT J
AU Gassman, NR
Coskun, E
Jaruga, P
Dizdaroglu, M
Wilson, SH
AF Gassman, Natalie R.
Coskun, Erdem
Jaruga, Pawel
Dizdaroglu, Miral
Wilson, Samuel H.
TI Combined Effects of High-Dose Bisphenol A and Oxidizing Agent (KBrO3) on
Cellular Microenvironment, Gene Expression, and Chromatin Structure of
Ku70-deficient Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
ID BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS;
ESTROGEN RESPONSE; NA+/H+ EXCHANGER; INTRACELLULAR PH; LIVING CELLS;
CANCER CELLS; MALE RATS; STRESS
AB BACKGROUND: Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) has been reported to alter global gene expression, induce epigenetic modifications, and interfere with complex regulatory networks of cells. In addition to these reprogramming events, we have demonstrated that BPA exposure generates reactive oxygen species and promotes cellular survival when co-exposed with the oxidizing agent potassium bromate (KBrO3).
OBJECTIVES: We determined the cellular microenvironment changes induced by co-exposure of BPA and KBrO3 versus either agent alone. Methods: Ku70-deficient cells were exposed to 150 mu M BPA, 20 mM KBrO3, or co-exposed to both agents. Four and 24 hr post-damage initiation by KBrO3, with BPA-only samples timed to coincide with these designated time points, we performed whole-genome microarray analysis and evaluated chromatin structure, DNA lesion load, glutathione content, and intracellular pH.
RESULTS: We found that 4 hr post-damage initiation, BPA exposure and co-exposure transiently condensed chromatin compared with untreated and KBrO3-only treated cells; the transcription of DNA repair proteins was also reduced. At this time point, BPA exposure and co-exposure also reduced the change in intracellular pH observed after treatment with KBrO3 alone. Twenty-four hours post-damage initiation, BPA-exposed cells showed less condensed chromatin than cells treated with KBrO3 alone; the intracellular pH of the co-exposed cells was significantly reduced compared with untreated and KBrO3-treated cells; and significant up-regulation of DNA repair proteins was observed after co-exposure.
CONCLUSION: These results support the induction of an adaptive response by BPA co-exposure that alters the microcellular environment and modulates DNA repair. Further work is required to determine whether BPA induces similar DNA lesions in vivo at environmentally relevant doses; however, in the Ku70-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts, exposure to a high dose of BPA was associated with changes in the cellular microenvironment that may promote survival.
C1 [Gassman, Natalie R.; Wilson, Samuel H.] NIEHS, Genome Integr & Struct Biol Lab, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Coskun, Erdem; Jaruga, Pawel; Dizdaroglu, Miral] NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Coskun, Erdem] Gazi Univ, Fac Pharm, Ankara, Turkey.
[Gassman, Natalie R.] Univ S Alabama, Dept Oncol Sci, Mitchell Canc Inst, Mobile, AL USA.
RP Wilson, SH (reprint author), NIEHS, Genome Integr & Struct Biol Lab, NIH, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM wilson5@niehs.nih.gov
FU National Institutes of Health, NIEHS [Z01-ES050158, Z01-ES050159]; NIEHS
[1K99ES023813-01]
FX This research was supported by research project numbers Z01-ES050158 and
Z01-ES050159 (S.H.W.) in the intramural research program of the National
Institutes of Health, NIEHS. N.R.G. is funded by NIEHS grant
1K99ES023813-01.
NR 56
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 7
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
EI 1552-9924
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 124
IS 8
BP 1241
EP 1252
DI 10.1289/EHP237
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA DS4KL
UT WOS:000380749900023
PM 27082013
ER
PT J
AU Kohli, GS
John, U
Van Dolah, FM
Murray, SA
AF Kohli, Gurjeet S.
John, Uwe
Van Dolah, Frances M.
Murray, Shauna A.
TI Evolutionary distinctiveness of fatty acid and polyketide synthesis in
eukaryotes
SO ISME JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; GENE-TRANSFER;
PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CHEMICAL DIVERSITY;
TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; CONDENSING ENZYME; SYNTHASE GENES; DINOFLAGELLATE
AB Fatty acids, which are essential cell membrane constituents and fuel storage molecules, are thought to share a common evolutionary origin with polyketide toxins in eukaryotes. While fatty acids are primary metabolic products, polyketide toxins are secondary metabolites that are involved in ecologically relevant processes, such as chemical defence, and produce the adverse effects of harmful algal blooms. Selection pressures on such compounds may be different, resulting in differing evolutionary histories. Surprisingly, some studies of dinoflagellates have suggested that the same enzymes may catalyse these processes. Here we show the presence and evolutionary distinctiveness of genes encoding six key enzymes essential for fatty acid production in 13 eukaryotic lineages for which no previous sequence data were available (alveolates: dinoflagellates, Vitrella, Chromera; stramenopiles: bolidophytes, chrysophytes, pelagophytes, raphidophytes, dictyochophytes, pinguiophytes, xanthophytes; Rhizaria: chlorarachniophytes, haplosporida; euglenids) and 8 other lineages (apicomplexans, bacillariophytes, synurophytes, cryptophytes, haptophytes, chlorophyceans, prasinophytes, trebouxiophytes). The phylogeny of fatty acid synthase genes reflects the evolutionary history of the organism, indicating selection to maintain conserved functionality. In contrast, polyketide synthase gene families are highly expanded in dinoflagellates and haptophytes, suggesting relaxed constraints in their evolutionary history, while completely absent from some protist lineages. This demonstrates a vast potential for the production of bioactive polyketide compounds in some lineages of microbial eukaryotes, indicating that the evolution of these compounds may have played an important role in their ecological success.
C1 [Kohli, Gurjeet S.; Murray, Shauna A.] Univ Technol Sydney, Plant Funct Biol & Climate Change Cluster, CB07-06-039, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
[Kohli, Gurjeet S.; Murray, Shauna A.] Sydney Inst Marine Sci, Mosman, NSW, Australia.
[John, Uwe] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Van Dolah, Frances M.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal & Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Marine Biotoxins Program, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Kohli, GS; Murray, SA (reprint author), Univ Technol Sydney, Plant Funct Biol & Climate Change Cluster, CB07-06-039, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
EM gurjeet.kohli@uts.edu.au; shauna.murray@uts.edu.au
RI john, uwe/S-3009-2016; Murray, Shauna A/K-5781-2015;
OI john, uwe/0000-0002-1297-4086; Murray, Shauna A/0000-0001-7096-1307;
Kohli, Gurjeet S/0000-0002-4578-2355
FU Australian Research Council [FT120100704, DP120103199]; Australian
Academy of Science Germany-Australia; BMBF PT/DLR IB FKZ [01DR14006];
PACES research program of the Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum
fur Polar- und Meeresforschung; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration NCCOS project [02E00025]
FX We thank Dr Gaurav Sablok for help in running ChloroP analysis and Dr
Fabien Burki for providing advice on protist phylogeny. This research
was supported by Australian Research Council grants (FT120100704,
DP120103199) to SM and Australian Academy of Science Germany-Australia
mobility call 2013-2014 and BMBF PT/DLR IB FKZ 01DR14006 awarded to SM
and UJ. Financial support to UJ was provided by the PACES research
program of the Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Polar- und
Meeresforschung. Financial support to FV was provided by National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NCCOS project 02E00025. This is
contribution number 170 from the Sydney Institute of Marine Science.
NR 76
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 9
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1751-7362
EI 1751-7370
J9 ISME J
JI ISME J.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 10
IS 8
BP 1877
EP 1890
DI 10.1038/ismej.2015.263
PG 14
WC Ecology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology
GA DS7JN
UT WOS:000380959800008
PM 26784357
ER
PT J
AU Mazur, V
AF Mazur, Vladislav
TI The physical concept of recoil leader formation
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROSTATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lightning leaders; Recoil leaders; Current cutoff
ID LIGHTNING LEADERS; CURRENT CUTOFF
AB The concept of recoil leader formation is based upon their nature as bidirectional and bipolar leaders. The analogy of the unipolar leaders to free-burning arcs was applied to interpret the processes during current cutoff in individual leader branches. These processes are essential to locating the origin and the timing of recoil leader formation. The difference in the density of the branching structures of positively- and negatively charged leaders is shown as the decisive factor affecting the occurrence of recoil leaders in positively charged channels, absence of them in negatively charged channels, and the lack of multiple return strokes in positive cloud-to-ground flashes. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Mazur, Vladislav] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Mazur, V (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM vlad.mazur@noaa.gov
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3886
EI 1873-5738
J9 J ELECTROSTAT
JI J. Electrost.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 82
BP 79
EP 87
DI 10.1016/j.elstat.2016.05.005
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA DT0IK
UT WOS:000381167000012
ER
PT J
AU McAllister, T
AF McAllister, Therese
TI Research Needs for Developing a Risk-Informed Methodology for Community
Resilience
SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Community resilience; Risk-informed methodology; Essential facilities;
Buildings; Infrastructure systems; Standards; Metrics; Structural safety
and reliability
AB Resilience has been defined as the ability to prepare and plan for, absorb, recover from, and more successfully adapt to adverse events. The term resilience is applied to a range of topics including physical security, business continuity, emergency planning, hazard mitigation, and the built environment's (e.g.,facilities, transportation systems, and utilities) ability to resist and rapidly recover from disruptive events. This paper focuses on research needs for achieving community resilience of the built environment. Community resilience depends upon the capacity of facilities and infrastructure systems to maintain acceptable levels of functionality during and after disruptive events and to recover full functionality within a specified period of time. Natural, technological, and human-made hazards in the United States continue to be responsible for significant losses and damage to the built environment. To improve the disaster resilience of communities to hazard events, each community needs to develop plans based on a risk-informed methodology that addresses multiple hazards, system performance levels, recovery of functionality, and dependencies between systems. However, quantitative tools and metrics and risk-informed guidance for communities are not presently available. A risk-informed methodology that supports decision making among alternatives for community resilience is proposed. Research needs are outlined for short-term and long-term development plans that are based on two national workshops in 2011. Research needs include risk-informed tools to support resilience planning at the community level, performance goals including functionality and recovery levels, multiple resilience levels, and standardized tools and metrics for community resilience and the built environment.
C1 [McAllister, Therese] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP McAllister, T (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM therese.mcallister@nist.gov
FU DHS
FX This paper benefitted from input by a number of individuals. Two
workshops were held by NIST in 2011 (McAllister 2013) to discuss
research needs for developing more resilient buildings and
infrastructure systems, and provided a valuable source of data and
ideas. The American National Standards Institute's Homeland Security
Standards Panel (ANSI-HSSP) coordinated the arrangements for the two
events and our DHS sponsors provided valuable support. This paper also
benefitted from NIST workshops that informed the development of a
Community Resilience Planning Guide for Buildings and Infrastructure
Systems (NIST 2015). Numerous participants at these workshops, including
professionals knowledgeable about many aspects of the built environment,
greatly assisted in identifying technical gaps and research needs in the
present codes, standards, and practices.
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 17
U2 17
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9445
EI 1943-541X
J9 J STRUCT ENG
JI J. Struct. Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 142
IS 8
SI SI
AR C4015008
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001379
PG 10
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA DS8QP
UT WOS:000381048200011
ER
PT J
AU Eichstadt, S
Wilkens, V
Dienstfrey, A
Hale, P
Hughes, B
Jarvis, C
AF Eichstaedt, S.
Wilkens, V.
Dienstfrey, A.
Hale, P.
Hughes, B.
Jarvis, C.
TI On challenges in the uncertainty evaluation for time-dependent
measurements
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE dynamic metrology; dynamic measurement; deconvolution; linear system;
regularization; uncertainty
ID REGULARIZATION PARAMETER SELECTION; DYNAMIC MEASUREMENTS; POSED
PROBLEMS; HYDROPHONE; CURVE; PHASE
AB The measurement of quantities with time-dependent values is a common task in many areas of metrology. Although well established techniques are available for the analysis of such measurements, serious scientific challenges remain to be solved to enable their routine use in metrology. In this paper we focus on the challenge of estimating a time-dependent measurand when the relationship between the value of the measurand and the indication is modeled by a convolution. Mathematically, deconvolution is an ill-posed inverse problem, requiring regularization to stabilize the inversion in the presence of noise. We present and discuss deconvolution in three practical applications: thrust-balance, ultra-fast sampling oscilloscopes and hydrophones. Each case study takes a different approach to modeling the convolution process and regularizing its inversion. Critically, all three examples lack the assignment of an uncertainty to the influence of the regularization on the estimation accuracy. This is a grand challenge for dynamic metrology, for which to date no generic solution exists. The case studies presented here cover a wide range of time scales and prior knowledge about the measurand, and they can thus serve as starting points for future developments in metrology. The aim of this work is to present the case studies and demonstrate the challenges they pose for metrology.
C1 [Eichstaedt, S.; Wilkens, V.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany.
[Eichstaedt, S.; Wilkens, V.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany.
[Dienstfrey, A.; Hale, P.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hughes, B.; Jarvis, C.] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
RP Eichstadt, S (reprint author), Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany.; Eichstadt, S (reprint author), Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany.
EM sascha.eichstaedt@ptb.de
OI Hughes, Ben/0000-0001-5084-8198
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
EI 1681-7575
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 53
IS 4
BP S125
EP S135
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/53/4/S125
PG 11
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DU0SK
UT WOS:000381914600002
ER
PT J
AU Vlajic, N
Chijioke, A
AF Vlajic, Nicholas
Chijioke, Ako
TI Traceable dynamic calibration of force transducers by primary means
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE force metrology; dynamic calibration; force calibration; force
measurement
AB We describe an apparatus for traceable, dynamic calibration of force transducers using harmonic excitation, and report calibration measurements of force transducers using this apparatus. In this system, the force applied to the transducer is produced by the acceleration of an attached mass, and is determined according to Newton's second law, F = ma. The acceleration is measured by primary means, using laser interferometry. The capabilities of this system are demonstrated by performing dynamic calibrations of two shear-web-type force transducers up to a frequency of 2 kHz, with an expanded uncertainty below 1.2%. We give an account of all significant sources of uncertainty, including a detailed consideration of the effects of dynamic tilting (rocking), which is a leading source of uncertainty in such harmonic force calibration systems.
C1 [Vlajic, Nicholas; Chijioke, Ako] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Vlajic, N (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM nicholas.vlajic@nist.gov; ako.chijioke@nist.gov
FU NIST-NRC Postdoctoral Fellowship
FX One of the authors (AC) expresses his appreciation to the members of the
Force, Torque, Periodic Force and Acceleration Working Groups at
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany for a tour of their
facilities in the early stages of this work. One of the authors (NV) was
supported by a NIST-NRC Postdoctoral Fellowship.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
EI 1681-7575
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 53
IS 4
BP S136
EP S148
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/53/4/S136
PG 13
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DU0SK
UT WOS:000381914600003
ER
PT J
AU Wood, S
Baums, IB
Paris, CB
Ridgwell, A
Kessler, WS
Hendy, EJ
AF Wood, S.
Baums, I. B.
Paris, C. B.
Ridgwell, A.
Kessler, W. S.
Hendy, E. J.
TI El Nino and coral larval dispersal across the eastern Pacific marine
barrier
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN OSCILLATION EVENT; TROPICAL PACIFIC; REEF FISHES; GENE FLOW;
FLORIDA CURRENT; CONNECTIVITY; OCEAN; EVOLUTION; POPULATIONS; MORTALITY
AB More than 5,000 km separates the frequently disturbed coral reefs of the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP) from western sources of population replenishment. It has been hypothesized that El Nino events facilitate eastward dispersal across this East Pacific Barrier (EPB). Here we present a biophysical coral larval dispersal model driven by 14.5 years of high-resolution surface ocean current data including the extreme 1997-1998 El Nino. We find no eastward cross-EPB connections over this period, which implies that ETP coral populations decimated by the 1998 bleaching event can only have recovered from eastern Pacific sources, in congruence with genetic data. Instead, rare connections between eastern and central Pacific reefs are simulated in a westward direction. Significant complexity and variability in the surface flows transporting larvae mean that generalized upper-ocean circulation patterns are poor descriptors of inter-regional connectivity, complicating the assessment of how climate change will impact coral gene flow Pacific wide.
C1 [Wood, S.; Hendy, E. J.] Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Queens Rd, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England.
[Baums, I. B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Mueller Lab 208, State Coll, PA 16802 USA.
[Paris, C. B.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Dept Ocean Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Ridgwell, A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Ridgwell, A.] Univ Bristol, Sch Geog Sci, Univ Rd, Bristol BS8 1SS, Avon, England.
[Kessler, W. S.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Wood, S (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Queens Rd, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England.
EM sally.wood@bristol.ac.uk
RI Baums, Iliana/G-6435-2010
OI Baums, Iliana/0000-0001-6463-7308
FU NERC postgraduate research grant [NERC/GEOG.SN1604.6525]; Alex
Willmot-Sitwell through the University of Bristol Alumni Foundation;
NERC [NE/H017453/1]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; NSF [OCE
1516763, 1537969, NSF-RAPID 1048697, NSF-OCE 1260424]; WUN Researcher
Mobility Grant
FX S.W. was funded through a NERC postgraduate research grant
(NERC/GEOG.SN1604.6525) and also acknowledges post-doctoral funding
kindly provided by Alex Willmot-Sitwell through the University of
Bristol Alumni Foundation. A.R. acknowledges funding from NERC
NE/H017453/1. I.B. was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt
Foundation and would like to acknowledge NSF grants OCE 1516763 and
1537969. The model-genetics comparison element of this work was funded
through a WUN Researcher Mobility Grant awarded to S.W. to visit the
Baums Laboratory. We would like to thank Jonty Rougier and Mark Beaumont
(U. Bristol Department of Mathematics) and Naomi Altman (Department of
Statistics, PSU) for informative discussions regarding the model-genetic
comparison. The modelling work was carried out using the computational
facilities of the Advanced Computing Research Centre, University of
Bristol (www.bris.ac.uk/acrc/). Funding for development of the
Connectivity Modelling System came from NSF grants NSF-RAPID 1048697 and
NSF-OCE 1260424 to C.B.P. This is contribution number 4301 of the
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory/NOAA.
NR 70
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 18
U2 27
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 12571
DI 10.1038/ncomms12571
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DU1DN
UT WOS:000381948500001
PM 27550393
ER
PT J
AU Athelogou, M
Kim, HJ
Dima, A
Obuchowski, N
Peskin, A
Gavrielides, MA
Petrick, N
Saiprasad, G
Colditz, DC
Beaumont, H
Oubel, E
Tan, YQ
Zhao, BS
Kuhnigk, JM
Moltz, JH
Orieux, G
Gillies, RJ
Gu, YH
Mantri, N
Goldmacher, G
Zhang, LD
Vega, E
Bloom, M
Jarecha, R
Soza, G
Tietjen, C
Takeguchi, T
Yamagata, H
Peterson, S
Masoud, O
Buckler, AJ
AF Athelogou, Maria
Kim, Hyun J.
Dima, Alden
Obuchowski, Nancy
Peskin, Adele
Gavrielides, Marios A.
Petrick, Nicholas
Saiprasad, Ganesh
Colditz, Dirk Colditz
Beaumont, Hubert
Oubel, Estanislao
Tan, Yongqiang
Zhao, Binsheng
Kuhnigk, Jan-Martin
Moltz, Jan Hendrik
Orieux, Guillaume
Gillies, Robert J.
Gu, Yuhua
Mantri, Ninad
Goldmacher, Gregory
Zhang, Luduan
Vega, Emilio
Bloom, Michael
Jarecha, Rudresh
Soza, Grzegorz
Tietjen, Christian
Takeguchi, Tomoyuki
Yamagata, Hitoshi
Peterson, Sam
Masoud, Osama
Buckler, Andrew J.
TI Algorithm Variability in the Estimation of Lung Nodule Volume From
Phantom CT Scans: Results of the QIBA 3A Public Challenge
SO ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE CT volumetry; anthropomorphic phantoms; lung tumor; challenge;
algorithms; QIBA
ID INTRAOBSERVER VARIABILITY; TUMOR RESPONSE; SOLID TUMORS; THORACIC CT;
INTEROBSERVER; BIOMARKER; EXAMPLE; CANCER; RECIST; SIZE
AB Rationale and Objectives: Quantifying changes in lung tumor volume is important for diagnosis, therapy planning, and evaluation of response to therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of multiple algorithms on a reference data set. The study was organized by the Quantitative Imaging Biomarker Alliance (QIBA).
Materials and Methods: The study was organized as a public challenge. Computed tomography scans of synthetic lung tumors in an anthropomorphic phantom were acquired by the Food and Drug Administration. Tumors varied in size, shape, and radiodensity. Participants applied their own semi-automated volume estimation algorithms that either did not allow or allowed post-segmentation correction (type 1 or 2, respectively). Statistical analysis of accuracy (percent bias) and precision (repeatability and reproducibility) was conducted across algorithms, as well as across nodule characteristics, slice thickness, and algorithm type.
Results: Eighty-four percent of volume measurements of QIBA-compliant tumors were within 15% of the true volume, ranging from 66% to 93% across algorithms, compared to 61% of volume measurements for all tumors (ranging from 37% to 84%). Algorithm type did not affect bias substantially; however, it was an important factor in measurement precision. Algorithm precision was notably better as tumor size increased, worse for irregularly shaped tumors, and on the average better for type 1 algorithms. Over all nodules meeting the QIBA Profile, precision, as measured by the repeatability coefficient, was 9.0% compared to 18.4% overall.
Conclusion: The results achieved in this study, using a heterogeneous set of measurement algorithms, support QIBA quantitative performance claims in terms of volume measurement repeatability for nodules meeting the QIBA Profile criteria.
C1 [Athelogou, Maria] Definiens AG, Bernhard Wicki Str 5, D-80636 Munich, Germany.
[Kim, Hyun J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Comp Vis & Imaging Biomarkers, Dept Radiol Sci, David Geffen Sch Med,Dept Biostat Fielding,Sch Pu, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Obuchowski, Nancy] Cleveland Clin Fdn, Quantitat Hlth Sci JJN3, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
[Dima, Alden; Peskin, Adele; Saiprasad, Ganesh] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gavrielides, Marios A.; Petrick, Nicholas] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Colditz, Dirk Colditz] Consultant QM RA, Jena, Germany.
[Beaumont, Hubert; Oubel, Estanislao] MEDIAN Technol, Valbonne Sophia Antipoli, France.
[Tan, Yongqiang; Zhao, Binsheng] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, New York, NY USA.
[Kuhnigk, Jan-Martin; Moltz, Jan Hendrik] Fraunhofer MEVIS, Inst Med Image Comp, Bremen, Germany.
[Orieux, Guillaume] GE Healthcare, Buc, France.
[Gillies, Robert J.; Gu, Yuhua] H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr & Res Inst, Tampa, FL USA.
[Gillies, Robert J.; Gu, Yuhua] Res Inst, Tampa, FL USA.
[Mantri, Ninad; Goldmacher, Gregory] ICON Med Imaging, Warrington, PA USA.
[Zhang, Luduan] INTIO Inc, Broomfield, CO USA.
[Vega, Emilio; Bloom, Michael] NYU, Langone Med Ctr, Fac Practice Radiol, New York, NY USA.
[Jarecha, Rudresh] Percept Informat, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
[Soza, Grzegorz; Tietjen, Christian] Siemens AG, Healthcare Sect, Computed Tomog, Forchheim, Germany.
[Takeguchi, Tomoyuki] Corp R&D Ctr, Toshiba Corp, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
[Yamagata, Hitoshi] Toshiba Med Syst Corp, Toshiba Corp, Otawara, Japan.
[Peterson, Sam; Masoud, Osama] Vital Images Inc, Toshiba Med Syst Grp, Minnetonka, MN USA.
[Buckler, Andrew J.] Buckler Biomed Associates LLC, Bethesda, MA USA.
RP Athelogou, M (reprint author), Definiens AG, Bernhard Wicki Str 5, D-80636 Munich, Germany.
EM mathelogou@definiens.com
OI Buckler, Andrew/0000-0002-0786-4835
FU Federal funds from the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and
Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and
Human Services [HHSN268201000050C]
FX The research reported in this manuscript has been funded in whole or in
part with Federal funds from the National Institute of Biomedical
Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Department of
Health and Human Services, under Contract No. HHSN268201000050C
(Radiological Society of North America). Certain commercial entities,
equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this paper to
specify the experimental procedure adequately. Such identification is
not to be construed as either an actual or implied endorsement of such
entities or products by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the U.S.
Food and Drug Administration. Likewise, it is not intended to imply that
the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available
for this purpose.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1076-6332
EI 1878-4046
J9 ACAD RADIOL
JI Acad. Radiol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 23
IS 8
BP 940
EP 952
DI 10.1016/j.acra.2016.02.018
PG 13
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA DS4EM
UT WOS:000380734200003
PM 27215408
ER
PT J
AU Miller, TJ
Hare, JA
Alade, LA
AF Miller, Timothy J.
Hare, Jonathan A.
Alade, Larry A.
TI A state-space approach to incorporating environmental effects on
recruitment in an age-structured assessment model with an application to
southern New England yellowtail flounder
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID MIDDLE ATLANTIC BIGHT; SARDINE SARDINOPS-SAGAX; FISH STOCK ASSESSMENT;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; OBSERVATION ERROR; TIME-SERIES; UNITED-STATES; KALMAN
FILTER; CATCH; FISHERIES
AB The state-space model framework provides a natural, probabilistic approach to stock assessment by modeling the stochastic nature of population survival and recruitment separately from sampling uncertainty inherent in observations on the population. We propose a state-space assessment model that is expanded to simultaneously treat environmental covariates as stochastic processes and estimate their effects on recruitment. We apply the model to southern New England yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) using data from the most recent benchmark assessment to evaluate evidence for effects of the mid-Atlantic cold pool and spawning stock biomass on recruitment. Based on Akaike's information criterion, both the cold pool and spawning stock biomass were important predictors of recruitment and led to annual variation in estimated biomass reference points and associated yield. We also demonstrate the effect of the stochasticity of the mid-Atlantic cold pool on short-term forecasts of the stock size, biomass reference point, and stock status.
C1 [Miller, Timothy J.; Alade, Larry A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Hare, Jonathan A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Miller, TJ (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM timothy.j.miller@noaa.gov
FU National Marine Fisheries Service Fisheries; Environment Program
FX We acknowledge the National Marine Fisheries Service Fisheries and the
Environment Program for support to Tim Miller and Jon Hare. We also
thank David Richardson, Dave Mountain, and Megan O'Connor for
discussions and preliminary analyses regarding yellowtail flounder, the
cold pool, and the relationships between the two. The paper also
benefited from insightful comments from Chris Legault, two anonymous
reviewers, and the associate editor on earlier drafts. Acknowledgement
of the above individuals does not imply their endorsement of this work;
the authors have sole responsibility for this contribution. The views
expressed herein are the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
views of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or any of its
subagencies.
NR 59
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 4
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 8
BP 1261
EP 1270
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2015-0339
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DS5NQ
UT WOS:000380829400012
ER
PT J
AU Dennert, AM
May-McNally, SL
Bond, MH
Quinn, TP
Taylor, EB
AF Dennert, A. M.
May-McNally, S. L.
Bond, M. H.
Quinn, T. P.
Taylor, E. B.
TI Trophic biology and migratory patterns of sympatric Dolly Varden
(Salvelinus malma) and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE competition; life history; diet analysis; sympatry; Arctic char; Dolly
Varden; Salvelinus alpinus; Salvelinus malma
ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; JUVENILE ATLANTIC SALMON; PREY SIZE
RELATIONSHIPS; SOCKEYE-SALMON; CUTTHROAT TROUT; OTOLITH MICROCHEMISTRY;
ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION; DIET-OVERLAP; BROWN TROUT; FEEDING PERFORMANCE
AB The trophic ecology (diet and head morphology) and migration patterns of two closely related salmonid fishes, Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus (L., 1758)) and Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma (Walbaum, 1792)), were examined in tributaries of Lake Aleknagik, southwestern Alaska, to test for differentiation between species. Schoener's index of proportional overlap and multivariate analyses of diets suggested that these species had significantly different trophic niches. Arctic char and the largest individuals of both species had the most diverse diets, and sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum, 1792)) eggs dominated the diet of both species, especially Arctic char. Arctic char had larger jaws and wider heads than Dolly Varden of similar body length, which may contribute to interspecific diet difference. The species also differed in migration patterns; otolith microchemistry indicated that juvenile Arctic char were produced by nonanadromous mothers, whereas the mothers of the Dolly Varden had been to sea in the season prior to spawning. The species also segregate in spawning habitat (Arctic char in the lakes and Dolly Varden in streams), as well as in juvenile rearing habitat. Our study provides the first evidence of divergent feeding and migratory ecology between sympatric juvenile Arctic char and Dolly Varden, differences that may constrain hybridization and introgression between them.
C1 [Dennert, A. M.; May-McNally, S. L.; Taylor, E. B.] Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Dept Zool, 6270 Univ Ave, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Dennert, A. M.; May-McNally, S. L.; Taylor, E. B.] Univ British Columbia, Beaty Biodivers Museum, 6270 Univ Ave, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Bond, M. H.; Quinn, T. P.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Bond, M. H.] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Taylor, EB (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Dept Zool, 6270 Univ Ave, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.; Taylor, EB (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Beaty Biodivers Museum, 6270 Univ Ave, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM etaylor@zoology.ubc.ca
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University
of British Columbia Department of Zoology SURE Award; H. Mason Keeler
endowment
FX We thank J. Carter and C. Boatright of the University of Washington's
Alaska Salmon Program and the University of Washington's Fisheries
Research Institute at Lake Aleknagik. Their hospitality and support in
coordinating field sampling and volunteers was much appreciated. P.
Schulte, C. Douglas, L. Samuels, and D. Moerman provided helpful
comments on our research. Field sampling assistance at Lake Aleknagik
was provided by T. Kleyn, J. Baldock, B. Smith, C. Dohrn, L. Hart, I.
Reynolds, K. Park, S. Harris, J. Lee, A. Anderson, J. Scheibe, N. Nigam,
T. Chaney, T. Hostetter, and the University of Alaska Fairbanks' Bristol
Bay Salmon Camp. M. Tseng and K. Needham provided assistance in insect
identification and K. Hua helped with the genetic analysis in this work.
The Beaty Biodiversity Museum Fish Collection provided valuable samples.
Sampling was conducted with permits from the Alaska Department of Fish
and Game and the University of Washington's Institutional Animal Care
and Use Committee. Financial support for this work was provided by
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery
and Equipment grants to E.B. Taylor, The University of British Columbia
Department of Zoology SURE Award to A. M. Dennert, and by the H. Mason
Keeler endowment to T.P. Quinn. Comments on an earlier version of the
manuscript by J. Hammarand anonymous reviewers are appreciated.
NR 92
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 26
U2 26
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0008-4301
EI 1480-3283
J9 CAN J ZOOL
JI Can. J. Zool.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 8
BP 529
EP 539
DI 10.1139/cjz-2016-0004
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DS6JV
UT WOS:000380889000001
ER
PT J
AU Striegel, AM
AF Striegel, Andre M.
TI Rebooting the Franchise: The 2015 International Symposium on GPC/SEC and
Related Techniques
SO CHROMATOGRAPHIA
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Striegel, Andre M.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Striegel, AM (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andre.striegel@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0009-5893
EI 1612-1112
J9 CHROMATOGRAPHIA
JI Chromatographia
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 79
IS 15-16
BP 941
EP 943
DI 10.1007/s10337-016-3085-1
PG 3
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA DS3FT
UT WOS:000380669200001
PM 27885300
ER
PT J
AU Striegel, AM
AF Striegel, Andre M.
TI Viscometric Detection in Size-Exclusion Chromatography: Principles and
Select Applications
SO CHROMATOGRAPHIA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on GPC/SEC and Related Techniques
CY OCT 20-22, 2015
CL Philadelphia, PA
DE Size-exclusion chromatography; Viscometry; Detectors
ID GEL-PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY; HYDRODYNAMIC CHROMATOGRAPHY;
POLYMER-SOLUTIONS; DIFFERENTIAL VISCOMETER; UNIVERSAL CALIBRATION;
POLYSACCHARIDES; DENDRIMERS; VISCOSITY; SEC; MACROMOLECULES
AB Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) has benefitted from commercially available on-line viscometers for 30 years now. Initial (and continued) interest was mostly in applying the universal calibration concept to obtain molar mass averages and distributions of macromolecules for which no appropriate calibration standards existed, and in obtaining long-chain branching information such as branching number and frequency. During the last three decades, viscometry has shown itself to be able to do much more than this, especially (but not exclusively) when employed in multi-detector set-ups which include light scattering photometers. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the power of viscometry detection in SEC, through applications which showcase the extreme or, simply, the unusual, oftentimes as encountered by the author. A brief review of history and theory is thus followed by examples of the role of viscometry in the SEC characterization of, among others, solutions with negative viscosity, polymers which undergo morphological transformations during growth, polysaccharides with molar mass distributions extending into the hundreds of millions of g mol(-1), and spectroscopically invisible macromolecules.
C1 [Striegel, Andre M.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Striegel, AM (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andre.striegel@nist.gov
NR 57
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 8
U2 11
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0009-5893
EI 1612-1112
J9 CHROMATOGRAPHIA
JI Chromatographia
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 79
IS 15-16
BP 945
EP 960
DI 10.1007/s10337-016-3078-0
PG 16
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA DS3FT
UT WOS:000380669200002
ER
PT J
AU Kalosi, A
Dohnal, P
Augustovicova, L
Roucka, S
Plasil, R
Glosik, J
AF Kalosi, Abel
Dohnal, Petr
Augustovicova, Lucie
Roucka, Stepan
Plasil, Radek
Glosik, Juraj
TI Monitoring the removal of excited particles in He/Ar/H-2 low temperature
afterglow plasma at 80-300 K
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Central European Symposium on Plasma Chemistry (CESPC)
CY SEP 06-10, 2015
CL Bressanone, ITALY
ID DEEXCITATION RATE CONSTANTS; RECOMBINATION RATE; CAVITY RING;
SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES; ELECTRONS; STATES; IONS; HCO+; AR
AB Stationary afterglow (SA) experiments with cavity ring down absorption spectrometer (cw-CRDS) have been used to study recombination of H-3(+) ions with electrons. To characterize the plasma during the afterglow we monitored the time evolution of density of He-2 excited dimers (a(3)Sigma(+)(u)) in plasmas in pure helium and in helium with small admixture of Ar and H-2. By monitoring the plasma decay and its dependence on [H2] and [Ar] in the afterglow in pure He and in He/Ar/H-2 mixture we estimated the rate of plasma thermalization in the temperature range of 80-300 K. The inferred deexcitation rate coefficients for reaction of helium metastable atoms with H-2 were (0.9 x 0.3) x10(-10) cm(3) s(-1), (1.9 x 0.2) x10(-10) cm(3) s(-1) and (2.7 x 0.2) x 10(-10) cm(3) s(-1) at 80 K, 140 K and 300 K, respectively. The effective recombination rate coefficients for H-3(+) were evaluated from the decay of the electron number density. We propose the lower estimate for the saturation of the effective recombination rate coefficient in H-3(+) and D-3(+) dominated plasma.
C1 [Kalosi, Abel; Dohnal, Petr; Roucka, Stepan; Plasil, Radek; Glosik, Juraj] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Dept Surface & Plasma Sci, CR-18000 Prague, Czech Republic.
[Augustovicova, Lucie] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Augustovicova, Lucie] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Glosik, J (reprint author), Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Dept Surface & Plasma Sci, CR-18000 Prague, Czech Republic.
EM juraj.glosik@mff.cuni.cz
RI Plasil, Radek/B-8576-2012
OI Plasil, Radek/0000-0001-8520-8983
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 7
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1286-0042
EI 1286-0050
J9 EUR PHYS J-APPL PHYS
JI Eur. Phys. J.-Appl. Phys
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 75
IS 2
SI SI
AR 24707
DI 10.1051/epjap/2016150587
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DS5NH
UT WOS:000380828500007
ER
PT J
AU Mao, YM
Su, Y
Hsiao, BS
AF Mao, Yimin
Su, Ying
Hsiao, Benjamin S.
TI Probing structure and orientation in polymers using synchrotron small-
and wide-angle X-ray scattering techniques
SO EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Conference on the Synchrotron Radiation in Polymer Science (SRPS)
CY SEP, 2015
CL Madrid, SPAIN
DE WAXS; SAXS; Fiber; Orientation; Cellulose; Deformation
ID GAMMA-ISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE; NEUTRON FIBER DIFFRACTION;
HYDROGEN-BONDING SYSTEM; IN-SITU; PREFERRED ORIENTATION;
RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CELLULOSE; CRYSTALLIZATION;
MICROFIBRILS
AB Synchrotron small- and wide-angle X-ray, scattering (SAXS/WAXS) techniques are frequently used to study hierarchical structure and preferred orientation in polymers and biopolymers. In this article, two examples based on materials showing preferred orientation at different length scales are given. In the first example, cellulose fibers/nanofibers were investigated from the perspectives of crystal polymorphism, preferred orientation and nanoscale morphology. In the second example, a time-resolved SAXS/WAXS study was carried out to investigate the melting and recrystallization processes of a pre stretched random co-polymer, poly(propylene-ran-l-butylene) (PB). (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mao, Yimin; Su, Ying; Hsiao, Benjamin S.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Mao, Yimin; Hsiao, Benjamin S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Mao, Yimin] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mao, YM; Hsiao, BS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Mao, YM (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yimin.mao@nist.gov; benjamin.hsiao@stonybrook.edu
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 14
U2 17
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0014-3057
EI 1873-1945
J9 EUR POLYM J
JI Eur. Polym. J.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 81
BP 433
EP 446
DI 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.01.032
PG 14
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DT2RY
UT WOS:000381329300038
ER
PT J
AU Schaub, NJ
Johnson, CD
Cooper, B
Gilbert, RJ
AF Schaub, Nicholas J.
Johnson, Christopher D.
Cooper, Blair
Gilbert, Ryan J.
TI Electrospun Fibers for Spinal Cord Injury Research and Regeneration
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
LA English
DT Review
DE axonal regeneration; in vitro studies; in vivo studies; spinal cord
injury
ID NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR; NEUROBLASTOMA CELL-LINES; NEURAL STEM-CELLS;
NEURITE OUTGROWTH; PERIPHERAL-NERVE; GLIAL SCAR; FUNCTIONAL
REGENERATION; ENGINEERED NANOFIBERS; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; SURFACE
MODIFICATION
AB Electrospinning is the process by which a scaffold containing micrometer and nanometer diameter fibers are drawn from a polymer solution or melt using a large voltage gradient between a polymer emitting source and a grounded collector. Ramakrishna and colleagues first investigated electrospun fibers for neural applications in 2004. After this initial study, electrospun fibers are increasingly investigated for neural tissue engineering applications. Electrospun fibers robustly support axonal regeneration within in vivo rodent models of spinal cord injury. These findings suggest the possibility of their eventual use within patients. Indeed, both spinal cord and peripheral nervous system regeneration research over the last several years shows that physical guidance cues induce recovery of limb, respiration, or bladder control in rodent models. Electrospun fibers may be an alternative to the peripheral nerve graft (PNG), because PNG autografts injure the patient and are limited in supply, and allografts risk host rejection. In addition, electrospun fibers can be engineered easily to confront new therapeutic challenges. Fibers can be modified to release therapies locally or can be physically modified to direct neural stem cell differentiation. This review summarizes the major findings and trends in the last decade of research, with a particular focus on spinal cord injury. This review also demonstrates how electrospun fibers can be used to study the central nervous system in vitro.
C1 [Schaub, Nicholas J.; Johnson, Christopher D.; Gilbert, Ryan J.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Ctr Biotechnol & Interdisciplinary Studies, 110 8th St, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Schaub, Nicholas J.; Johnson, Christopher D.; Gilbert, Ryan J.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Biomed Engn, 110 8th St, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Cooper, Blair] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gilbert, RJ (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Biomed Engn, 110 8th St, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM gilber2@rpi.edu
NR 116
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 22
U2 35
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 0897-7151
EI 1557-9042
J9 J NEUROTRAUM
JI J. Neurotrauma
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 15
BP 1405
EP 1415
DI 10.1089/neu.2015.4165
PG 11
WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences
SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA DS5IX
UT WOS:000380816200001
PM 26650778
ER
PT J
AU Chai, JY
Jansen, M
Vallis, GK
AF Chai, Junyi
Jansen, Malte
Vallis, Geoffrey K.
TI Equilibration of a Baroclinic Planetary Atmosphere toward the Limit of
Vanishing Bottom Friction
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SHALLOW-WATER TURBULENCE; KINETIC-ENERGY SPECTRUM; GENERAL-CIRCULATION;
GIANT PLANETS; 2-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE; HEAT ENGINE; BETA-PLANE; JETS;
TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS
AB This paper discusses whether and how a baroclinic atmosphere can equilibrate with very small bottom friction in a dry primitive equation general circulation model. The model is forced by a Newtonian relaxation of temperature to a prescribed temperature profile, and it is damped by a linear friction near the lower boundary. When friction is decreased by four orders of magnitude, kinetic energy dissipation by friction gradually becomes negligible, while "energy recycling" becomes dominant. In this limit kinetic energy is converted back into potential energy at the largest scales, thus closing the energy cycle without significant frictional dissipation. The momentum fluxes are of opposite sign in the upper and lower atmosphere: in the upper atmosphere, eddies converge momentum into the westerly jets; however, in the lower atmosphere, the eddies diverge momentum out of the westerly jets. The secondary circulation driven by the meridional eddy momentum fluxes thus acts to increase the baroclinicity of the westerly jet. This regime may be relevant for the Jovian atmosphere, where the frictional time scale may be much larger than the radiative damping time scale.
C1 [Chai, Junyi] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, 300 Forrestal Rd,Sayre Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Jansen, Malte] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, 5734 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Vallis, Geoffrey K.] Univ Exeter, Dept Math, Exeter, Devon, England.
RP Chai, JY (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, 300 Forrestal Rd,Sayre Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM junyic@princeton.edu
FU NSF [AGS-1144302]; NOAA [NA08OAR4320752]
FX We thank Isaac Held and Pablo Zurita-Gotor for helpful comments and
discussions. We also thank Zhaoyi Shen for carefully reading the
manuscript. The numerical simulations were performed on GFDL's computer
system. This work was funded by the NSF under Grant AGS-1144302 and the
NOAA under Grant NA08OAR4320752. The statements, findings, conclusions,
and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily
reflect the views of the NSF, the NOAA, or the U.S. Department of
Commerce.
NR 65
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 8
BP 3249
EP 3272
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0329.1
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS4PZ
UT WOS:000380764400016
ER
PT J
AU Hitchcock, SM
Coniglio, MC
Knopfmeier, KH
AF Hitchcock, Stacey M.
Coniglio, Michael C.
Knopfmeier, Kent H.
TI Impact of MPEX Upsonde Observations on Ensemble Analyses and Forecasts
of the 31 May 2013 Convective Event over Oklahoma
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID KALMAN FILTER ASSIMILATION; STORM-SCALE ANALYSES; MESONET OBSERVATIONS;
RADAR OBSERVATIONS; PART I; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; MODEL; MESOSCALE;
VERIFICATION; SYSTEM
AB This study examines the impact of assimilating three radiosonde profiles obtained from ground-based mobile systems during the Mesoscale Predictability Experiment (MPEX) on analyses and convection-permitting model forecasts of the 31 May 2013 convective event over Oklahoma. These radiosonde profiles (in addition to standard observations) are assimilated into a 36-member mesoscale ensemble using an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) before embedding a convection-permitting (3 km) grid and running a full ensemble of 9-h forecasts. This set of 3-km forecasts is compared to a control run that does not assimilate the MPEX soundings. The analysis of low-to midlevel moisture is impacted the most by the assimilation, but coherent mesoscale differences in temperature and wind are also seen, primarily downstream of the location of the soundings. The ensemble of forecasts of convection on the 3-km grid are improved the most in the first three hours of the forecast in a region where the analyzed position of low-level frontal convergence and midlevel moisture was improved on the mesoscale grid. Later forecasts of the upscale growth of intense convection over central Oklahoma are improved somewhat, but larger ensemble spread lowers confidence in the significance of the improvements. Changes in the horizontal localization radius from the standard value applied to the MPEX sounding assimilation alters the specific times that the forecasts are improved in the first three hours of the forecasts, while changes to the vertical localization radius and specified temperature and wind observation error result in little to no improvements in the forecasts.
C1 [Hitchcock, Stacey M.; Knopfmeier, Kent H.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Hitchcock, Stacey M.; Knopfmeier, Kent H.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Hitchcock, Stacey M.; Coniglio, Michael C.; Knopfmeier, Kent H.] NOAA OAR Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Hitchcock, Stacey M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 3915 W Laport Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Hitchcock, SM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 3915 W Laport Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM smhitch@rams.colostate.edu
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement [NA11OAR4320072]; U.S. Department of
Commerce; National Science Foundation [1230114]
FX The authors thank Scott Steiger of SUNY Oswego for providing their
sounding data. Helpful comments and suggestions were provided by Glen
Romine, Dusty Wheatley, Adam Clark, and two anonymous reviewers. A
number of people in the University of Oklahoma School of Meteorology
community and the Colorado State Atmospheric science department provided
support, feedback, and valuable discussion; thanks in particular to the
following: committee members Alan Shapiro and Xuguang Wang, Dave
Parsons, Nicholas Szapiro, Russ Schumacher, Greg Herman, and Erik
Nielsen. We thank the Field Observing Facilities Support team at NSSL,
particularly Sean Waugh, for constructing the mobile sounding systems
for MPEX. A portion of the computing for this project was performed at
the OU Supercomputing Center for Education and Research (OSCER) at the
University of Oklahoma (OU). This project was supported by funding from
the NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under
NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072, the
U.S. Department of Commerce, and by the National Science Foundation
Award 1230114.
NR 66
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 8
BP 2889
EP 2913
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0344.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS5BT
UT WOS:000380796200007
ER
PT J
AU Carlin, JT
Ryzhkov, AV
Snyder, JC
Khain, A
AF Carlin, Jacob T.
Ryzhkov, Alexander V.
Snyder, Jeffrey C.
Khain, Alexander
TI Hydrometeor Mixing Ratio Retrievals for Storm-Scale Radar Data
Assimilation: Utility of Current Relations and Potential Benefits of
Polarimetry
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; MESOSCALE
CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; DROP SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; IN-SITU VERIFICATION; 2D
VIDEO DISDROMETER; POLARIZATION RADAR; PART I; CLASSIFICATION ALGORITHM;
DIFFERENTIAL PHASE
AB The assimilation of radar data into storm-scale numerical weather prediction models has been shown to be beneficial for successfully modeling convective storms. Because of the difficulty of directly assimilating reflectivity (Z), hydrometeor mixing ratios, and sometimes rainfall rate, are often retrieved from Z observations using retrieval relations, and are assimilated as state variables. The most limiting (although widely employed) cases of these relations are derived, and their assumptions and limitations are discussed.
To investigate the utility of these retrieval relations for liquid water content (LWC) and ice water content (IWC) in rain and hail as well as the potential for improvement using polarimetric variables, two models with spectral bin microphysics coupled with a polarimetric radar operator are used: a one-dimensional melting hail model and the two-dimensional Hebrew University Cloud Model. The relationship between LWC and Z in pure rain varies spatially and temporally, with biases clearly seen using the normalized number concentration. Retrievals using Z perform the poorest while specific attenuation and specific differential phase shift (K-DP) perform much better. Within rain-hail mixtures, separate estimation of LWC and IWC is necessary. Prohibitively large errors in the retrieved LWC may result when using Z. The quantity K-DP can be used to effectively retrieve the LWC and to isolate the contribution of IWC to Z. It is found that the relationship between Z and IWC is a function of radar wavelength, maximum hail diameter, and principally the height below the melting layer, which must be accounted for in order to achieve accurate retrievals.
C1 [Carlin, Jacob T.; Ryzhkov, Alexander V.; Snyder, Jeffrey C.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Carlin, Jacob T.; Ryzhkov, Alexander V.; Snyder, Jeffrey C.] NOAA OAR Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Khain, Alexander] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
RP Carlin, JT (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, CIMMS NSSL, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM jacob.carlin@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma [NA11OAR4320072]; U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric System
Research program [ER65459]; NSF [AGS-1341878]; U.S. Department of
Commerce
FX This work originated in part from an M.S. thesis in the School of
Meteorology at the University of Oklahoma. Funding was provided in part
by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University
of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S. Department of
Commerce. Partial support for this work comes from Grant ER65459 from
the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric System Research program and
from NSF Grant AGS-1341878. The authors thank Scott Ganson for his
support of the T-matrix code used in the study. The authors also wish to
thank Dr. Edward "Ted" Mansell for reviewing the manuscript and
providing valuable suggestions, as well as the three anonymous reviewers
whose constructive criticism helped improve the manuscript's clarity and
focus.
NR 112
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 13
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 8
BP 2981
EP 3001
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0423.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS5BT
UT WOS:000380796200012
ER
PT J
AU Hoogeboom-Pot, KM
Turgut, E
Hernandez-Charpak, JN
Shaw, JM
Kapteyn, HC
Murnane, MM
Nardi, D
AF Hoogeboom-Pot, Kathleen M.
Turgut, Emrah
Hernandez-Charpak, Jorge N.
Shaw, Justin M.
Kapteyn, Henry C.
Murnane, Margaret M.
Nardi, Damiano
TI Nondestructive Measurement of the Evolution of Layer-Specific Mechanical
Properties in Sub-10 nm Bilayer Films
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ultrafast X-rays; nanometrology; nanomechanical properties; ultrathin
films; monolayer sensitivity; photoacoustics
ID MATRIX PENCIL METHOD; THIN-FILMS; ELASTIC-MODULUS; PARAMETERS; REGIME;
WAVES
AB We use short wavelength extreme ultraviolet light to independently measure the mechanical properties of disparate layers within a bilayer film for the first time, with single-monolayer sensitivity. We show that in Ni/Ta nanostructured systems, while their density ratio is not meaningfully changed from that expected in bulk, their elastic properties are significantly modified, where nickel softens while tantalum stiffens, relative to their bulk counterparts. In particular, the presence or absence of the Ta capping layer influences the mechanical properties of the Ni film. This nondestructive nanomechanical measurement technique represents the first approach to date able to distinguish the properties of composite materials well below 100 nm in thickness. This capability is critical for understanding and optimizing the strength, flexibility and reliability of materials in a host of nanostructured electronic, photovoltaic, and thermoelectric devices.
C1 [Hoogeboom-Pot, Kathleen M.; Turgut, Emrah; Hernandez-Charpak, Jorge N.; Kapteyn, Henry C.; Murnane, Margaret M.; Nardi, Damiano] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hoogeboom-Pot, Kathleen M.; Turgut, Emrah; Hernandez-Charpak, Jorge N.; Kapteyn, Henry C.; Murnane, Margaret M.; Nardi, Damiano] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Shaw, Justin M.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hoogeboom-Pot, KM; Nardi, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Hoogeboom-Pot, KM; Nardi, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM hoogeboo@colorado.edu; damiano.nardi@jila.colorado.edu
RI Shaw, Justin/C-1845-2008
OI Shaw, Justin/0000-0003-2027-1521
FU US Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences X-ray Scattering Program;
Semiconductor Research Corporation; NSF [DGE 1144083]
FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the US Department of Energy Basic
Energy Sciences X-ray Scattering Program, and the Semiconductor Research
Corporation and used facilities provided by the National Science
Foundation (NSF) Engineering Research Center for EUV Science and
Technology. K.M.H.-P. acknowledges support from the NSF under Award DGE
1144083.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 8
BP 4773
EP 4778
DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00606
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA DT2SY
UT WOS:000381331900006
PM 27285719
ER
PT J
AU Hao, K
Xu, LX
Nagler, P
Singh, A
Tran, K
Dass, CK
Schuller, C
Korn, T
Li, XQ
Moody, G
AF Hao, Kai
Xu, Lixiang
Nagler, Philipp
Singh, Akshay
Kha Tran
Dass, Chandriker Kavir
Schueller, Christian
Korn, Tobias
Li, Xiaoqin
Moody, Galan
TI Coherent and Incoherent Coupling Dynamics between Neutral and Charged
Excitons in Monolayer MoSe2
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Quantum beats; coherent coupling; exciton; trion; two-dimensional
materials
ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; GAAS QUANTUM-WELLS; VALLEY COHERENCE;
ENERGY-TRANSFER; BEATS; WSE2; SEMICONDUCTOR; SPECTROSCOPY; LASER;
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
AB The optical properties of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides are dominated by both neutral excitons (electron hole pairs) and charged excitons (trions) that are stable even at room temperature. While trions directly influence charge transport properties in optoelectronic devices, excitons may be relevant through exciton-trion coupling and conversion phenomena. In this work, we reveal the coherent and incoherent nature of exciton-trion coupling and the relevant time scales in monolayer MoSe2 using optical two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy. Coherent interaction between excitons and trions is definitively identified as quantum beating of cross peaks in the spectra that persists for a few hundred femtoseconds. For longer times up to 10 ps, surprisingly, the relative intensity of the cross peaks increases, which is attributed to incoherent energy transfer likely due to phonon-assisted up-conversion and down-conversion processes that are efficient even at cryogenic temperature.
C1 [Hao, Kai; Xu, Lixiang; Singh, Akshay; Kha Tran; Dass, Chandriker Kavir; Li, Xiaoqin] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Hao, Kai; Xu, Lixiang; Singh, Akshay; Kha Tran; Dass, Chandriker Kavir; Li, Xiaoqin] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Complex Quantum Syst, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Nagler, Philipp; Schueller, Christian; Korn, Tobias] Univ Regensburg, Dept Phys, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany.
[Moody, Galan] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Li, XQ (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.; Li, XQ (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Complex Quantum Syst, Austin, TX 78712 USA.; Moody, G (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM elaineli@physics.utexas.edu; galan.moody@nist.gov
RI Korn, Tobias/C-3672-2009
OI Korn, Tobias/0000-0003-4808-391X
FU NSF [DMR-1306878, EFMA-1542747]; SHINES, an Energy Frontier Research
Center - U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic
Energy Science (BES) [DE-SC0012670]; Humboldt fellowship; German
Research foundation (DFG) [GRK 1570, KO3612/1-1]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge fruitful discussion with R. Huber.
The spectroscopy experiments performed by K.H., K.T., A.S., and X.L.
were supported jointly by NSF DMR-1306878 and NSF EFMA-1542747. The data
analysis performed by L.X. and X.L. was supported as part of the SHINES,
an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic Energy Science (BES) under Award
# DE-SC0012670. X.L. also acknowledges the support from a Humboldt
fellowship. P.N., C.S., and T.K. gratefully acknowledge technical
assistance by S. Bange and financial support by the German Research
foundation (DFG) via GRK 1570 and KO3612/1-1.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 30
U2 43
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 8
BP 5109
EP 5113
DI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02041
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA DT2SY
UT WOS:000381331900053
PM 27428509
ER
PT J
AU McCreless, EE
Huff, DD
Croll, DA
Tershy, BR
Spatz, DR
Holmes, ND
Butchart, SHM
Wilcox, C
AF McCreless, Erin E.
Huff, David D.
Croll, Donald A.
Tershy, Bernie R.
Spatz, Dena R.
Holmes, Nick D.
Butchart, Stuart H. M.
Wilcox, Chris
TI Past and estimated future impact of invasive alien mammals on insular
threatened vertebrate populations
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID MESOPREDATOR RELEASE; ISLAND BIOGEOGRAPHY; SPECIES REMOVAL; SUS-SCROFA;
EXTINCTIONS; ERADICATION; BIODIVERSITY; BIRDS; CATS; RATS
AB Invasive mammals on islands pose severe, ongoing threats to global biodiversity. However, the severity of threats from different mammals, and the role of interacting biotic and abiotic factors in driving extinctions, remain poorly understood at a global scale. Here we model global extirpation patterns for island populations of threatened and extinct vertebrates. Extirpations are driven by interacting factors including invasive rats, cats, pigs, mustelids and mongooses, native species taxonomic class and volancy, island size, precipitation and human presence. We show that controlling or eradicating the relevant invasive mammals could prevent 41-75% of predicted future extirpations. The magnitude of benefits varies across species and environments; for example, managing invasive mammals on small, dry islands could halve the extirpation risk for highly threatened birds and mammals, while doing so on large, wet islands may have little benefit. Our results provide quantitative estimates of conservation benefits and, when combined with costs in a return-on-investment framework, can guide efficient conservation strategies.
C1 [McCreless, Erin E.; Croll, Donald A.; Tershy, Bernie R.; Spatz, Dena R.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Long Marine Lab, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Huff, David D.] NOAA Fisheries, Point Adams Res Stn, Fish Ecol Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, POB 155, Hammond, OR 97121 USA.
[Spatz, Dena R.; Holmes, Nick D.] Isl Conservat, 2161 Delaware Ave,Suite A, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Butchart, Stuart H. M.] BirdLife Int, David Attenborough Bldg,Pembroke St, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, England.
[Butchart, Stuart H. M.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England.
[Wilcox, Chris] CSIRO, Marine & Atmospher Res, Hobart, Tas 7000, Australia.
RP McCreless, EE (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Long Marine Lab, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM emccrele@ucsc.edu
RI Wilcox, Chris/A-3585-2010;
OI Wilcox, Chris/0000-0002-5983-657X; Huff, David/0000-0001-9061-7685
FU National Science Foundation; Switzer Environmental Fellowship; Island
Conservation
FX We thank D. Simberloff, I.M. Parker, B.K. Wells for their helpful
suggestions on earlier versions of this manuscript. We are grateful to
K.M. Newton and T.E. Laidig for computing assistance, to H.W. Greene for
analysis suggestions regarding amphibian and reptile body masses, and to
the many volunteers who collected the data contained in the Threatened
Island Biodiversity Database. Funding for this work was provided by an
National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship to E.E.M., a
Switzer Environmental Fellowship to E.E.M., and Island Conservation.
NR 69
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 21
U2 29
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 12488
DI 10.1038/ncomms12488
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT8VP
UT WOS:000381774100001
PM 27535095
ER
PT J
AU Li, Z
Yasui, S
Takeuchi, S
Creuziger, A
Maruyama, S
Herzing, AA
Takeuchi, I
Bendersky, LA
AF Li, Z.
Yasui, S.
Takeuchi, S.
Creuziger, A.
Maruyama, S.
Herzing, A. A.
Takeuchi, I.
Bendersky, L. A.
TI Structural study of epitaxial LiCoO2 films grown by pulsed laser
deposition on single crystal SrTiO3 substrates
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lithium cobalt oxide; Thin films; Epitaxy; Lithium-ion battery; Li-ion
battery; Pulsed laser deposition; Transmission electron microscopy
ID X-RAY REFLECTOMETRY; THIN-FILMS; ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; LITHIUM
BATTERIES; ELECTRODE/ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION;
ABLATION DEPOSITION; SOL-GEL; LIXCOO2; ELECTRODES
AB Epitaxial LiCoO2 (LCO) thin films of different orientations were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in order to model single-crystal behavior of intercalation cathodes during electrochemical reactions. This paper demonstrates that (1) epitaxial growth of LCO on a single crystal Nb-doped SrTiO3 (Nb:STO) of different orientations occurs with a single orientation relationship; (2) surface morphology of the LCO films is established by the morphology of coalescing grains during island growth mode, whereas morphology of the grains can be visualized as different cuts from a cube with low-energy {104}(R-LCO) surfaces; (3) the films consist of predominately trigonal R-LiCoO2 phase, with a small fraction of the occasionally present cubic c-LixCoO2 phase; (4) cyclic voltammetry measurements have determined rectification at interface between LCO and Nb:STO causing bias on the oxidation part of cycling, thus preventing full cycling. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Li, Z.; Takeuchi, S.; Creuziger, A.; Herzing, A. A.; Bendersky, L. A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Takeuchi, I.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Yasui, S.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Mat & Struct Lab, Tokyo, Japan.
[Maruyama, S.] Tohoku Univ, Dept Appl Chem, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
RP Bendersky, LA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM leoben@nist.gov
RI Yasui, Shintaro/B-4067-2013
OI Yasui, Shintaro/0000-0003-0524-9318
NR 53
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 14
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 612
BP 472
EP 482
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2016.05.017
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA DS1ZZ
UT WOS:000380511900069
ER
PT J
AU Gasca-Aragon, H
Duewer, DL
AF Gasca-Aragon, Hugo
Duewer, David L.
TI The evaluation of the scoring systems: the fixed effects model under
known variances
SO ACCREDITATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Proficiency testing; Scoring systems; UMP test; MSE; Unbiased test;
Fixed effects model
ID PROFICIENCY; PERFORMANCE; SCHEME
AB A number of scoring systems for proficiency testing and interlaboratory comparison are in use by the metrology community. The choice of scoring system for a given study is often based on the study coordinator's experience and anecdotal knowledge, perhaps attributable to a historic lack of detailed and formal explanation about the foundation of these systems. This has influenced the development of new scoring systems, some of them departing from the well-established hypothesis testing theory. Often, different scoring systems give different results not because one may be better than the others but because, as they are documented, the user cannot control the confidence level of the test. We present a formal evaluation of seven of these systems under the fixed effects model assuming known variances. Under these sound assumptions, the systems analyzed all have the same statistical properties. Furthermore, these systems are all members of a family of systems based on strictly increasing functions in which the statistical decision problem is invariant. Under the fixed effects model with known variances, no unbiased scoring system can provide greater statistical power than the members of this family of systems. We apply these results to the lead content of water example provided in International Standard ISO 13528:2015 "Statistical methods for use in proficiency testing by interlaboratory comparisons.".
C1 [Gasca-Aragon, Hugo] Ctr Nacl Metrol CENAM, Queretaro 76246, Mexico.
[Duewer, David L.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gasca-Aragon, H (reprint author), Ctr Nacl Metrol CENAM, Queretaro 76246, Mexico.
EM hgasca@cenam.mx
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-1775
EI 1432-0517
J9 ACCREDIT QUAL ASSUR
JI Accredit. Qual. Assur.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 21
IS 4
BP 255
EP 263
DI 10.1007/s00769-016-1215-y
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA DS0CK
UT WOS:000380262700002
ER
PT J
AU Fink, JM
Kalaee, M
Pitanti, A
Norte, R
Heinzle, L
Davanco, M
Srinivasan, K
Painter, O
AF Fink, J. M.
Kalaee, M.
Pitanti, A.
Norte, R.
Heinzle, L.
Davanco, M.
Srinivasan, K.
Painter, O.
TI Quantum electromechanics on silicon nitride nanomembranes
SO Nature Communications
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTOMECHANICAL CRYSTALS; CAVITY OPTOMECHANICS; MECHANICAL RESONATOR;
INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; RADIATION PRESSURE; GROUND-STATE; MOTION;
CONVERSION; MICROWAVE; LIGHT
AB Radiation pressure has recently been used to effectively couple the quantum motion of mechanical elements to the fields of optical or microwave light. Integration of all three degrees of freedom-mechanical, optical and microwave-would enable a quantum interconnect between microwave and optical quantum systems. We present a platform based on silicon nitride nanomembranes for integrating superconducting microwave circuits with planar acoustic and optical devices such as phononic and photonic crystals. Using planar capacitors with vacuum gaps of 60 nm and spiral inductor coils of micron pitch we realize microwave resonant circuits with large electromechanical coupling to planar acoustic structures of nanoscale dimensions and femtoFarad motional capacitance. Using this enhanced coupling, we demonstrate microwave backaction cooling of the 4.48 MHz mechanical resonance of a nanobeam to an occupancy as low as 0.32. These results indicate the viability of silicon nitride nanomembranes as an all-in-one substrate for quantum electro-opto-mechanical experiments.
C1 [Fink, J. M.; Kalaee, M.; Pitanti, A.; Norte, R.; Painter, O.] CALTECH, Kavli Nanosci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Fink, J. M.; Kalaee, M.; Pitanti, A.; Norte, R.; Painter, O.] CALTECH, Thomas J Watson Sr Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Fink, J. M.; Kalaee, M.; Pitanti, A.; Norte, R.; Painter, O.] CALTECH, Inst Quantum Informat & Matter, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Heinzle, L.] ETH, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Davanco, M.; Srinivasan, K.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fink, J. M.] IST Austria, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
[Pitanti, A.] CNR, Ist Nanosci, NEST, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
[Pitanti, A.] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
[Norte, R.] Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.
RP Fink, JM; Painter, O (reprint author), CALTECH, Kavli Nanosci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.; Fink, JM; Painter, O (reprint author), CALTECH, Thomas J Watson Sr Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.; Fink, JM; Painter, O (reprint author), CALTECH, Inst Quantum Informat & Matter, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.; Fink, JM (reprint author), IST Austria, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.
EM jfink@ist.ac.at; opainter@caltech.edu
RI Fink, Johannes/C-1919-2008; Pitanti, Alessandro/K-5547-2012
OI Fink, Johannes/0000-0001-8112-028X; Pitanti,
Alessandro/0000-0002-7027-0300
FU DARPA MESO programme; Institute for Quantum Information and Matter; NSF
Physics Frontiers Center; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Kavli
Nanoscience Institute at Caltech; Marie Curie International Outgoing
Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme, NEMO
[GA 298861]
FX We thank Joe Redford, Lev Krayzman, Matt Shaw and Matt Matheny for help
in the early parts of this work. L.H. thanks Andreas Wallraff for his
support during his Master's thesis stay at Caltech. This work was
supported by the DARPA MESO programme, the Institute for Quantum
Information and Matter, an NSF Physics Frontiers Center with support of
the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and the Kavli Nanoscience
Institute at Caltech. A.P. was supported by a Marie Curie International
Outgoing Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework
Programme, NEMO (GA 298861). Certain commercial equipment and software
are identified in this documentation to describe the subject adequately.
Such identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the
NIST, nor does it imply that the equipment identified is necessarily the
best available for the purpose.
NR 52
TC 3
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U1 20
U2 31
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 12396
DI 10.1038/ncomms12396
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DS5ZX
UT WOS:000380862600001
PM 27484751
ER
PT J
AU Efros, AL
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Efros, Alexander L.
Nesbitt, David J.
TI Origin and control of blinking in quantum dots
SO Nature Nanotechnology
LA English
DT Review
ID SINGLE SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS; POWER-LAW STATISTICS; AUGER
RECOMBINATION; FLUORESCENCE INTERMITTENCY; SUPPRESSED BLINKING;
ROOM-TEMPERATURE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION; ELECTRON
AB Semiconductor nanocrystals offer an enormous diversity of potential device applications, based an their size-tunable photoluminescence, high optical stability and 'bottom-up' chemical approaches to sef-assemby. However, the promise of such applications can be seriously limited by photoluminescence intermittency in nanocrystal emission, that is, 'blinking', arising from the escape of either one or both of the photoexcited carriers to the nanocrystal surface. In the first scenario, the remaining nanocrystal charge quenches photoluminescence via non-radiative Auger recombination, whereas for the other, the exciton is thought to be intercepted before thermalization and does not contribute to the photoluminescence. This Review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanisms responsible for nanocrystal blinking kinetics as well as core-shell engineering efforts to control such phenomena. In particular, 'softening' of the core-shell confinement potential strongly suppresses non-radiative Auger processes in charged nanocrystals, with successful non-blinking implementations demonstrated in CdSe-CdS core-thick-shell nanocrystals and their modifications.
C1 [Efros, Alexander L.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Nesbitt, David J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Efros, AL (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM efros@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratry
Basic Research program; National Science Foundation [CHE1266416,
PHYS1125844]; Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-FG02-09ER16021]
FX The authors thank G. Kagan, K. Kuno and R. Vaxenburg for help with
figure preparation. AI.L.E. acknowledges the financial support of the
Office of Naval Research (ONR) through the Naval Research Laboratry
Basic Research program. D.J. N. acknowledges support for this work from
the National Science Foundation (CHE1266416, PHYS1125844). with
additional support from the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences (DE-FG02-09ER16021).
NR 64
TC 14
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U1 73
U2 113
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1748-3387
EI 1748-3395
J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Nanotechnol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 8
BP 661
EP 671
DI 10.1038/NNANO.2016.140
PG 11
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DS8BS
UT WOS:000381008300008
PM 27485584
ER
PT J
AU Tseng, YH
Lin, HY
Chen, HC
Thompson, K
Bentsen, M
Boning, CW
Bozec, A
Cassou, C
Chassignet, E
Chow, CH
Danabasoglu, G
Danilov, S
Farneti, R
Fogli, PG
Fujii, Y
Griffies, SM
Ilicak, M
Jung, T
Masina, S
Navarra, A
Patara, L
Samuels, BL
Scheinert, M
Sidorenko, D
Sui, CH
Tsujino, H
Valcke, S
Voldoire, A
Wang, Q
Yeager, SG
AF Tseng, Yu-heng
Lin, Hongyang
Chen, Han-ching
Thompson, Keith
Bentsen, Mats
Boening, Claus W.
Bozec, Alexandra
Cassou, Christophe
Chassignet, Eric
Chow, Chun Hoe
Danabasoglu, Gokhan
Danilov, Sergey
Farneti, Riccardo
Fogli, Pier Giuseppe
Fujii, Yosuke
Griffies, Stephen M.
Ilicak, Mehmet
Jung, Thomas
Masina, Simona
Navarra, Antonio
Patara, Lavinia
Samuels, Bonita L.
Scheinert, Markus
Sidorenko, Dmitry
Sui, Chung-Hsiung
Tsujino, Hiroyuki
Valcke, Sophie
Voldoire, Aurore
Wang, Qiang
Yeager, Steve G.
TI North and equatorial Pacific Ocean circulation in the CORE-II hindcast
simulations
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE CORE global ocean-ice simulations; Kuroshio; Mode water; Subtropical
cell; North Pacific simulations
ID EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SUBTROPICAL MODE
WATER; INTERMEDIATE WATER; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; KUROSHIO TRANSPORT;
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; THERMOCLINE VARIABILITY; ATLANTIC SIMULATIONS;
DECADAL VARIABILITY
AB We evaluate the mean circulation patterns, water mass distributions, and tropical dynamics of the North and Equatorial Pacific Ocean based on a suite of global ocean-sea ice simulations driven by the CORE-II atmospheric forcing from 1963-2007. The first three moments (mean, standard deviation and skewness) of sea surface height and surface temperature variability are assessed against observations. Large discrepancies are found in the variance and skewness of sea surface height and in the skewness of sea surface temperature. Comparing with the observation, most models underestimate the Kuroshio transport in the Asian Marginal seas due to the missing influence of the unresolved western boundary current and mesoscale eddies. In terms of the Mixed Layer Depths (MLDs) in the North Pacific, the two observed maxima associated with Subtropical Mode Water and Central Mode Water formation coalesce into a large pool of deep MLDs in all participating models, but another local maximum associated with the formation of Eastern Subtropical Mode Water can be found in all models with different magnitudes. The main model bias of deep MLDs results from excessive Subtropical Mode Water formation due to inaccurate representation of the Kuroshio separation and of the associated excessively warm and salty Kuroshio water. Further water mass analysis shows that the North Pacific Intermediate Water can penetrate southward in most models, but its distribution greatly varies among models depending not only on grid resolution and vertical coordinate but also on the model dynamics. All simulations show overall similar large scale tropical current system, but with differences in the structures of the Equatorial Undercurrent. We also confirm the key role of the meridional gradient of the wind stress curl in driving the equatorial transport, leading to a generally weak North Equatorial Counter Current in all models due to inaccurate CORE-II equatorial wind fields. Most models show a larger interior transport of Pacific subtropical cells than the observation due to the overestimated transport in the Northern Hemisphere likely resulting from the deep pycnocline. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tseng, Yu-heng; Danabasoglu, Gokhan; Yeager, Steve G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Lin, Hongyang] Xiamen Univ, Coll Ocean & Earth Sci, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen, Fujian, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Han-ching; Sui, Chung-Hsiung] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Taipei, Taiwan.
[Thompson, Keith] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada.
[Bentsen, Mats; Ilicak, Mehmet] Uni Res Ltd, Uni Climate, Bergen, Norway.
[Boening, Claus W.; Patara, Lavinia; Scheinert, Markus] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
[Bozec, Alexandra; Chassignet, Eric] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies COAPS, Tallahassee, FL USA.
[Cassou, Christophe; Valcke, Sophie] CNRS, Unite Rech Associee 1875, Ctr Europeen Rech & Format Avancee Calcul Sci, Toulouse, France.
[Chow, Chun Hoe] Acad Sinica, Res Ctr Environm Changes, Taipei, Taiwan.
[Danilov, Sergey; Jung, Thomas; Sidorenko, Dmitry; Wang, Qiang] Alfred Wegener Inst, Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res AWI, Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Farneti, Riccardo] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy.
[Fogli, Pier Giuseppe; Masina, Simona; Navarra, Antonio] Ctr Euromediterraneo Cambiamenti Climatici CMCC, Bologna, Italy.
[Fujii, Yosuke; Tsujino, Hiroyuki] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meterol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Griffies, Stephen M.; Samuels, Bonita L.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Masina, Simona; Navarra, Antonio] INGV, Bologna, Italy.
[Voldoire, Aurore] Ctr Natl Rech Meteorol CNRM GAME, Toulouse, France.
RP Tseng, YH (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.; Lin, HY (reprint author), Xiamen Univ, Coll Ocean & Earth Sci, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen, Fujian, Peoples R China.
EM ytseng@ucar.edu; hylin@xmu.edu.cn
RI Boening, Claus/B-1686-2012; Danilov, Sergey/S-6184-2016; Jung,
Thomas/J-5239-2012;
OI Boening, Claus/0000-0002-6251-5777; Jung, Thomas/0000-0002-2651-1293;
Tseng, Yu-heng/0000-0002-4816-4974
FU U. S. National Science Foundation (NSF); NSF; U. S. Department of
Energy; NSF Earth System Model (EaSM) (EaSM-3: Collaborative Research:
Quantifying Predictability Limits, Uncertainties, Mechanisms, and
Regional Impacts of Pacific Decadal Climate Variability) [1419292];
German Helmholtz Climate Initiative REKLIM (Regional Climate Change)
project; Research Council of Norway through the EarthClim [207711/E10];
NOTUR/NorStore projects; Centre for Climate Dynamics at the Bjerknes
Centre for Climate Research; National Science Council, Taiwan, under the
Consortium for Climate Change Study (CCliCS) project
[NSC-100-2119-M-001-029-MY5]; Italian Ministry of Education, University,
and Research; Italian Ministry of Environment, Land, and Sea under the
GEMINA project; Cluster of Excellence 'The Future Ocean' - DFG; CLIVAR;
U.S. CLIVAR projects
FX We thank the constructive and critical comments from Dr. Antonietta
Capotondi, Dr. Billy Kessler and four anonymous reviewers, which greatly
improved the manuscript. The support and help from the editor Will
Perrie are also appreciated. NCAR is sponsored by the U. S. National
Science Foundation (NSF). The CESM is supported by the NSF and the U. S.
Department of Energy. Y. H. Tseng was supported by the NSF Earth System
Model (EaSM) Grant 1419292 (EaSM-3: Collaborative Research: Quantifying
Predictability Limits, Uncertainties, Mechanisms, and Regional Impacts
of Pacific Decadal Climate Variability). The AWI contribution is
supported by the German Helmholtz Climate Initiative REKLIM (Regional
Climate Change) project. The BERGEN contribution is supported by the
Research Council of Norway through the EarthClim (207711/E10) and
NOTUR/NorStore projects, as well as the Centre for Climate Dynamics at
the Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research. CCLICS contribution is
supported by the the National Science Council, Taiwan, under the
Consortium for Climate Change Study (CCliCS) project of
NSC-100-2119-M-001-029-MY5. The CMCC contribution received funding from
the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research and the
Italian Ministry of Environment, Land, and Sea under the GEMINA project.
The GEO-MAR integrations were performed at the North-German
Supercomputing Alliance (HLRN). L. Patara was financially supported by
the Cluster of Excellence 'The Future Ocean' funded within the framework
of the Excellence Initiative by the DFG. Finally, we thank both the
international CLIVAR and U.S. CLIVAR projects for patiently sponsoring
the Ocean Model Development Panel (OMDP; formally Working Groups on
Ocean Model Development) over the years as COREs were developed.
NR 96
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U1 5
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 104
BP 143
EP 170
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.06.003
PG 28
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA DS3HH
UT WOS:000380673200012
ER
PT J
AU Li, YD
Li, XF
AF Li, Yangdong
Li, Xiaofeng
TI Remote sensing observations and numerical studies of a super
typhoon-induced suspended sediment concentration variation in the East
China Sea
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Suspended sediment concentration; MODIS; Remote sensing; Numerical
sediment model; Typhoon
ID WATER NAVIGATION CHANNEL; MODIS 250-M IMAGERY; YANGTZE ESTUARY; BOHAI
SEA; CHANGJIANG ESTUARY; SALTWATER INTRUSION; FIELD OBSERVATIONS;
COASTAL WATERS; TROPICAL STORM; SATELLITE DATA
AB By integrating remote sensing observations and a numerical modeling technique, we studied the influences of super Typhoon Saomai on the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the Yangtze River estuary and its adjacent coastal areas in the East China Sea. First, three consecutive Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images acquired during the post-typhoon stage were used to estimate the SSC. Then, we implemented a hydrodynamic model, including a sediment transport module, based on Delft3D to simulate the sediment erosion, re-suspension, transport and deposition processes in the study area during the passage of Typhoon Saomai. The model-simulated water level was validated against the in situ station data to show the feasibility of the model. The simulated SSC results agree reasonably well with the satellite observations. Time series of the simulation results showed that the model revealed the whole SSC variations during this extreme weather event and made up for the scarcity of in-situ and satellite observations. SSC significantly increased during the passage of the typhoon and decreased gradually during the post-typhoon stage. Modeled results also reveal that the spring-neap tidal effect significantly controlled the distribution and variation of SSC in the shallower coastal water (<20-30 m in depth) and the typhoon-induced re-suspension is evident in most of the study area, especially in the coastal waters near the Yangtze River estuary and Hangzhou Bay during the passage of the typhoon. Finally, based on the simulation results, we discuss the dynamic mechanisms including turbulent energy, bed shear stress and vertical mixing that caused the SSC variation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Yangdong; Li, Xiaofeng] Shanghai Ocean Univ, Int Ctr Marine Studies, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China.
[Li, Xiaofeng] NOAA, GST, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Li, XF (reprint author), NOAA, NCWCP E RA3, 3216,5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM xiaofeng.li@noaa.gov
RI Li, Xiaofeng/B-6524-2008
OI Li, Xiaofeng/0000-0001-7038-5119
NR 75
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 104
BP 187
EP 202
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.06.010
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA DS3HH
UT WOS:000380673200014
ER
PT J
AU Koirala, P
Li, J
Yoon, HP
Aryal, P
Marsillac, S
Rockett, AA
Podraza, NJ
Collins, RW
AF Koirala, Prakash
Li, Jian
Yoon, Heayoung P.
Aryal, Puruswottam
Marsillac, Sylvain
Rockett, Angus A.
Podraza, Nikolas J.
Collins, Robert W.
TI Through-the-glass spectroscopic ellipsometry for analysis of CdTe
thin-film solar cells in the superstrate configuration
SO PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
LA English
DT Article
DE thin-film CdTe; solar cell; spectroscopic ellipsometry; quantum
efficiency
AB Polycrystalline CdS/CdTe thin-film solar cells in the superstrate configuration have been studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) using glass side illumination. In this measurement method, the first reflection from the ambient/glass interface is rejected, whereas the second reflection from the glass/film-stack interface is collected; higher order reflections are also rejected. The SE analysis incorporates parameterized dielectric functions epsilon for solar cell component materials obtained by in situ and variable-angle SE. In the SE analysis of the complete cells, a step-wise procedure ranks the fitting parameters, including thicknesses and those defining the spectra in epsilon, according to their ability to reduce the root-mean-square deviation between the simulated and measured SE spectra. The best fit thicknesses from this analysis are found to be consistent with electron microscopy. Based on the SE results, the solar cell quantum efficiency (QE) can be simulated without any free parameters, and comparisons with measured QE enable optical model refinements as well as identification of optical and electronic losses. These capabilities have wide applications in photovoltaic module mapping and in-line monitoring. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Koirala, Prakash; Li, Jian; Aryal, Puruswottam; Podraza, Nikolas J.; Collins, Robert W.] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Koirala, Prakash; Li, Jian; Aryal, Puruswottam; Podraza, Nikolas J.; Collins, Robert W.] Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Yoon, Heayoung P.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yoon, Heayoung P.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Marsillac, Sylvain] Old Dominion Univ, Virginia Inst Photovolta, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Rockett, Angus A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Yoon, Heayoung P.] Univ Utah, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
RP Koirala, P (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.; Koirala, P (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
EM prakash.koirala@rockets.utoledo.edu
FU DOE/NSF F-PACE Program [DE-EE0005405]; University of Maryland; National
Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and
Technology, through the University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]
FX This research was supported by the DOE/NSF F-PACE Program (contract
DE-EE0005405). D. Strickler of NSG Pilkington is acknowledged for
providing substrates; J. Lawrence is acknowledged for assistance with
XTEM. H. P. Yoon acknowledges support under the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
award 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland.
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1062-7995
EI 1099-159X
J9 PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS
JI Prog. Photovoltaics
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 8
BP 1055
EP 1067
DI 10.1002/pip.2759
PG 13
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA DR8RD
UT WOS:000380164100003
ER
PT J
AU Baskaran, M
Novell, T
Nash, K
Ruberg, SA
Johengen, T
Hawley, N
Klump, JV
Biddanda, BA
AF Baskaran, M.
Novell, T.
Nash, K.
Ruberg, S. A.
Johengen, T.
Hawley, N.
Klump, J. V.
Biddanda, B. A.
TI Tracing the Seepage of Subsurface Sinkhole Vent Waters into Lake Huron
Using Radium and Stable Isotopes of Oxygen and Hydrogen
SO AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Submarine groundwater discharge; Radium and radon as tracers; Sinkhole
vents; Biogeochemical cycles in lakes; Anoxic waters in lakes;
Limnology; Groundwater
ID GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE; SUBMERGED SINKHOLE; COASTAL OCEAN; SYSTEM;
RN-222; SEDIMENTS; MICHIGAN; EXCHANGE; AQUIFERS; SEAWATER
AB Exchange of water between groundwater and surface water could alter water quality of the surface waters and thereby impact its ecosystem. Discharges of anoxic groundwater, with high concentrations of sulfate and chloride and low concentrations of nitrate and oxygen, from three sinkhole vents (El Cajon, Middle Island and Isolated) in Lake Huron have been recently documented. In this investigation, we collected and analyzed a suite of water samples from these three sinkhole vents and lake water samples from Lake Huron for Ra, radon-222, stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen, and other ancillary parameters. These measurements are among the first of their kind in this unique environment. The activities of Ra are found to be one to two orders of magnitude higher than that of the lake water. Isotopic signatures of some of the bottom lake water samples indicate evidences for micro-seeps at distances farther from these three vents. A plot of delta D versus delta O-18 indicates that there are deviations from the Global Meteoric Line that can be attributed to mixing of different water masses and/or due to some subsurface chemical reactions. Using the Ra isotopic ratios, we estimated the transit times of the vent waters from the bottom to the top of the vent (i.e., sediment-water interface) to be 4-37 days. More systematic studies on the distribution of the radioactive and stable isotope studies are needed to evaluate the prevalence of micro-seeps in Lake Huron and other Great Lakes system.
C1 [Baskaran, M.; Novell, T.; Nash, K.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Geol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
[Ruberg, S. A.; Hawley, N.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Johengen, T.] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyt Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Klump, J. V.] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes WATER Inst, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA.
[Biddanda, B. A.] Grand Valley State Univ, Annis Water Resources Inst, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
RP Baskaran, M (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Geol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
EM Baskaran@wayne.edu
OI Baskaran, Mark/0000-0002-2218-4328
FU NOAA Ocean Exploration Program; NOAA National Undersea Research Center
at the University of Connecticut at Avery Point; University of
Wisconsin-Milwaukee; NOAA-GLERL; Cooperative Institute for Limnology and
Ecosystem Research (CILER)
FX We acknowledge the support for dive operations by Russ Green, Jeff Gray,
Tane Casserley, Wayne Lusardi, and Joe Hoyt of the Thunder Bay National
Marine Sanctuary. We thank Dennis Donahue, Steve Bawks, Beau Braymer,
Mike Taetsch, Tom Joyce, Andrew Yagiela, Jack Workman, and Rob Paddock
for vessel and ROV operations, Scott Kendall for some chemical analysis
and Cathy Darnell (NOAA-Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory)
for help in preparing a figure. This work was supported by the NOAA
Ocean Exploration Program (subcontract to Wayne State University via
CILER), the NOAA National Undersea Research Center at the University of
Connecticut at Avery Point and the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee,
NOAA-GLERL and Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystem
Research (CILER). This is GLERL contribution #1805. We thank the two
anonymous reviewers for their thorough and thoughtful reviews which
helped to improve this manuscript. The first author acknowledges the
long-term scientific collaboration and friendship with Tom Church to
whom this special volume is dedicated.
NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 10
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1380-6165
EI 1573-1421
J9 AQUAT GEOCHEM
JI Aquat. Geochem.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 4
SI SI
BP 349
EP 374
DI 10.1007/s10498-015-9286-7
PG 26
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DR7WA
UT WOS:000380109200006
ER
PT J
AU Ball, JS
Godin, OA
Evers, LG
Lv, C
AF Ball, Justin S.
Godin, Oleg A.
Evers, Laslo G.
Lv, Cheng
TI Long-range correlations of microseism-band pressure fluctuations in the
ocean
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Interferometry; Interface waves; Theoretical seismology; Wave
propagation; Acoustic properties; Oceanic hotspots and intraplate
volcanism
ID ACOUSTIC AMBIENT NOISE; AZIMUTHAL ANISOTROPY; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; WAVE
TOMOGRAPHY; GREENS-FUNCTION; RAYLEIGH-WAVES; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; SCHOLTE
WAVES; SEISMIC NOISE; SEA-FLOOR
AB We investigate the spatial coherence of underwater ambient noise using a yearlong time-series measured off Ascension Island. Qualitative agreement with observed cross-correlations is achieved using a simple range-dependent model, constrained by earlier, active tomographic studies in the area. In particular, the model correctly predicts the existence of two weakly dispersive normal modes in the microseism frequency range, with the group speed of one of the normal modes being smaller than the sound speed in water. The agreement justifies our interpretation of the peaks of the measured cross-correlation function of ambient noise as modal arrivals, with dispersion that is sensitive to crustal velocity structure. Our observations are consistent with Scholte to Moho head wave coupled propagation, with double mode conversion occurring due to the bathymetric variations between receivers. We thus demonstrate the feasibility of interrogating crustal properties using noise interferometry of moored hydrophone data at ranges in excess of 120 km.
C1 [Ball, Justin S.; Godin, Oleg A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ball, Justin S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, 399 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Godin, Oleg A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Evers, Laslo G.] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, Dept Seismol & Acoust, POB 201, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Evers, Laslo G.] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Geosci, Dept Geosci & Engn, Stevinweg 1,POB 5048, NL-2628 CN Delft, Netherlands.
[Lv, Cheng] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 311 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Ball, JS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Ball, JS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, 399 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM justin.ball@colorado.edu
RI Godin, Oleg/E-6554-2011
OI Godin, Oleg/0000-0003-4599-2149
FU National Science Foundation [OCE1129524]; NAVAIR [N68335-12-C-0104];
VIDI project from Dutch Science Foundation (NWO) [864.14.005]
FX We thank the CTBTO and station operators for the high quality of the IMS
data and products, and M.K. Prior and M. Zampolli of CTBTO for their
input on technical issues. We also thank S.C. Webb for his helpful
insights. The hydroacoustic data used in this study are available from
the virtual Data Exploitation Center (vDEC) at
http://ctbto.org/specials/vdec. This work was supported, in part, by the
National Science Foundation, grant OCE1129524, and NAVAIR, award
N68335-12-C-0104. L.E.'s contribution was partly funded through a VIDI
project from the Dutch Science Foundation (NWO), project number
864.14.005.
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 9
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 206
IS 2
BP 825
EP 834
DI 10.1093/gji/ggw110
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DR2ZN
UT WOS:000379772500007
ER
PT J
AU Berger-Tal, O
Blumstein, DT
Carroll, S
Fisher, RN
Mesnick, SL
Owen, MA
Saltz, D
St Claire, CC
Swaisgood, RR
AF Berger-Tal, Oded
Blumstein, Daniel T.
Carroll, Scott
Fisher, Robert N.
Mesnick, Sarah L.
Owen, Megan A.
Saltz, David
St Claire, Colleen Cassady
Swaisgood, Ronald R.
TI A systematic survey of the integration of animal behavior into
conservation
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE captive breeding; conservation behavior; dispersal; foraging; heat map;
invasive species; learning; reintroduction; aprendizaje; comportamiento
en la conservacion; dispersion; especies invasoras; forrajeo; mapa de
calor; reintroduccion; reproduccion en cautiverio
ID MANAGEMENT; SUCCESS; BIOLOGY; NEED; INTERFACE; HABITAT
AB The role of behavioral ecology in improving wildlife conservation and management has been the subject of much recent debate. We sought to answer 2 foundational questions about the current use of behavioral knowledge in conservation: To what extent is behavioral knowledge used in wildlife conservation and management, and how does the use of animal behavior differ among conservation fields in both frequency and types of use? We searched the literature for intersections between key fields of animal behavior and conservation and created a systematic heat map (i.e., graphical representation of data where values are represented as colors) to visualize relative efforts. Some behaviors, such as dispersal and foraging, were commonly considered (mean [SE] of 1147.38 [353.11] and 439.44 [108.85] papers per cell, respectively). In contrast, other behaviors, such as learning, social, and antipredatory behaviors were rarely considered (mean [SE] of 33.88 [7.62], 44.81 [10.65], and 22.69 [6.37] papers per cell, respectively). In many cases, awareness of the importance of behavior did not translate into applicable management tools. Our results challenge previous suggestions that there is little association between the fields of behavioral ecology and conservation and reveals tremendous variation in the use of different behaviors in conservation. We recommend that researchers focus on examining underutilized intersections of behavior and conservation themes for which preliminary work shows a potential for improving conservation and management, translating behavioral theory into applicable and testable predictions, and creating systematic reviews to summarize the behavioral evidence within the behavior-conservation intersections for which many studies exist.
Un Censo Sistematico de la Integracion del Comportamiento Animal a la Conservacion El papel de la ecologia conductual en el mejoramiento de la conservacion y el manejo de la fauna ha sido sujeto recientemente a muchas discusiones. Buscamos responder dos preguntas fundamentales acerca del uso actual del conocimiento conductual en la conservacion: Hasta que punto se utiliza el conocimiento conductual en la conservacion y manejo de la fauna y como difiere el uso del comportamiento animal, tanto en frecuencia como en tipos de uso, entre las areas de conservacion? En la literatura buscamos intersecciones entre areas clave de la conservacion y el comportamiento animal y creamos un mapa sistematico de calor (es decir, una representacion grafica de los datos en la que los valores se representan con colores) para visualizar los esfuerzos relativos. Algunos comportamientos, como la dispersion y el forrajeo, se consideraron como comunes (media [SE] de 114.38 [353.11] y 439.44 [108.85] articulos por celda, respectivamente). En contraste, otros comportamientos como el aprendizaje y las conductas sociales y anti-depredadores se consideraron como raras (media [SE] de 33.88 [7.62], 44.81 [10.65] y 22.69 [6.37] articulos por celda, respectivamente). En muchos casos, la deteccion de la importancia del comportamiento no se tradujo en una herramienta aplicable de manejo. Nuestros resultados presentan un reto a las sugerencias previas de que existe poca asociacion entre las areas de la ecologia conductual y la conservacion y revelan una variacion tremenda en el uso de diferentes comportamientos dentro de la conservacion. Recomendamos que los investigadores se enfoquen en examinar intersecciones sub-utilizadas de temas de comportamiento y conservacion para los que el trabajo preliminar muestre un potencial para mejorar la conservacion y el manejo; traduzcan la teoria conductual a predicciones aplicables y evaluables; y creen revisiones sistematicas para resumir la evidencia conductual dentro las intersecciones de comportamiento-conservacion para las que existen muchos estudios.
Resumen
C1 [Berger-Tal, Oded; Blumstein, Daniel T.; Owen, Megan A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 621 Charles E Young Dr South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Berger-Tal, Oded; Owen, Megan A.; Swaisgood, Ronald R.] San Diego Zoo Global, Appl Anim Ecol Div, Inst Conservat Res, 15600 San Pasqual Valley Rd, Escondido, CA 92027 USA.
[Carroll, Scott] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Carroll, Scott] Inst Contemporary Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
[Mesnick, Sarah L.] NOAA Fisheries, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Berger-Tal, Oded; Saltz, David] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Mitrani Dept Desert Ecol, IL-8499000 Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel.
[St Claire, Colleen Cassady] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
RP Berger-Tal, O (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 621 Charles E Young Dr South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Berger-Tal, O (reprint author), Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Jacob Blaustein Inst Desert Res, Mitrani Dept Desert Ecol, IL-8499000 Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel.
EM oded.berger.tal@gmail.com
RI Berger-Tal, Oded/P-9189-2014
FU United States-Israel Educational Foundation; [NSF-DEB-1119660]
FX This study was designed in a dedicated workshop that took place in
November 2013 at the UCLA La Kretz Center for California Conservation
Science's field station. O.B.T. was supported by a Fulbright
postdoctoral fellowship from the United States-Israel Educational
Foundation. D.T.B. was sponsored by NSF-DEB-1119660. We are grateful to
R. Zidon for his help in generating the heat maps. The workshop leading
to this paper was generously hosted by the UCLA La Kretz Center for
California Conservation Science. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 47
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 45
U2 80
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 4
BP 744
EP 753
DI 10.1111/cobi.12654
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DR5MS
UT WOS:000379947700008
PM 26548454
ER
PT J
AU Yang, XQ
Yong, B
Hong, Y
Chen, S
Zhang, XH
AF Yang, Xiuqin
Yong, Bin
Hong, Yang
Chen, Sheng
Zhang, Xinhua
TI Error analysis of multi-satellite precipitation estimates with an
independent raingauge observation network over a medium-sized humid
basin
SO HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite precipitation; error characteristics; Huai River basin;
statistical evaluation; raingauge observation
ID WATER-RESOURCES; REAL-TIME; SATELLITE; PRODUCTS; GAUGE; RADAR;
UNCERTAINTY; RESOLUTION; TRMM; MODEL
AB This study focuses on quantifying the error characteristics of four widely utilized satellite precipitation products (i.e. TMPA 3B42RTV7, TMPA 3B42V7, CMORPH and PERSIANN-CDR) for a five-year period (2005-2009) using an independent raingauge network over the upper-middle Huai River basin in central-eastern China. Assessment results show that CMORPH generally exhibits the best performance with slight underestimation, while 3B42RTV7 has the worst performance with large positive biases. Additionally, 3B42V7 and PERSIANN-CDR tend to have an approximate accuracy. The monthly gauge adjustment applied to 3B42V7 and PERSIANN-CDR significantly reduces their systematic bias and in particular it makes these two research products maintain a stable skill level during winter. As for the heavy rainfall events (>50mm/d) in summer, 3B42V7 and CMORPH exhibit a relatively better degree of agreement to the gauge observations. Overall, our study suggests that the satellite-based precipitation estimates all have their own pros and cons at different spatiotemporal scales. We expect the results reported here will provide a better understanding of current mainstream satellite precipitation products over similar medium-sized humid basins.
C1 [Yang, Xiuqin] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Coll Hydrometeorol, 219 Ningliu Rd, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Xiuqin] SOA, State Key Lab Satellite Ocean Environm Dynam, Inst Oceanog 2, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Xiuqin; Yong, Bin] Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, 1 Xikang Rd, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Hong, Yang; Chen, Sheng] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Hong, Yang; Chen, Sheng] Natl Weather Ctr, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Zhang, Xinhua] Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, 24 South Sect 1,Yihuan Rd, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China.
RP Yong, B (reprint author), Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, 1 Xikang Rd, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM yongbin_hhu@126.com
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X
FU National Science Foundation of China [41401017, 51379056, 91437214];
Open Fund of Meteorological Center of Huai River basin [HRM201204]; Open
Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and
Hydraulic Engineering [2014490911]; State Key Laboratory of Satellite
Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, SOA
[SOED1414]
FX The authors also acknowledge the funding support granted by the National
Science Foundation of China (41401017, 51379056, 91437214), the Open
Fund of Meteorological Center of Huai River basin (HRM201204), the Open
Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and
Hydraulic Engineering (2014490911), and the Open Fund of State Key
Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of
Oceanography, SOA (SOED1414).
NR 49
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 14
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0262-6667
EI 2150-3435
J9 HYDROLOG SCI J
JI Hydrol. Sci. J.-J. Sci. Hydrol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 61
IS 10
BP 1813
EP 1830
DI 10.1080/02626667.2015.1040020
PG 18
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA DR7FN
UT WOS:000380065500006
ER
PT J
AU Yang, LQ
Wang, GQ
Huerfano, V
von Hillebrandt-Andrade, CG
Martinez-Cruzado, JA
Liu, HL
AF Yang, Linqiang
Wang, Guoquan
Huerfano, Victor
von Hillebrandt-Andrade, Christa G.
Martinez-Cruzado, Jose A.
Liu, Hanlin
TI GPS geodetic infrastructure for natural hazards study in the Puerto Rico
and Virgin Islands region
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
LA English
DT Article
DE GPS; Local reference frame; Natural hazards; Puerto Rico; Virgin
Islands; Faulting; Landslide; Sea-level rise
ID GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; TERRESTRIAL REFERENCE FRAME; PHASE AMBIGUITY
RESOLUTION; INTERNATIONAL GNSS SERVICE; PLATE BOUNDARY ZONE; CRUSTAL
DEFORMATION; SEISMIC NETWORK; FAULT ZONE; EARTHQUAKE; LANDSLIDE
AB The Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands (PRVI) are located within the complex plate boundary zone between the North American and Caribbean plates. This region faces multiple natural hazards, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, hurricanes, and flooding. The islands are part of the Greater Antilles island chain, which is one of the earliest places that employed Global Positioning System (GPS) technology in plate tectonics and natural hazards studies. A dense Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) network with 24 permanent GPS stations is currently operated by a joint effort of academic, government, and local land surveying communities. This region has been regarded as one of the densest CORS coverage regions worldwide. This article summarized the current GPS geodetic infrastructure in the PRVI region, which includes three components: a dense CORS network that is open to the public, a stable local reference frame that is updated in time, and sophisticated software packages for GPS data processing that are freely available to the academic and research community. This article focused on establishing a local reference frame, the stable Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands reference frame of 2014 (PRVI14), which is essential for precisely delineating local ground deformation over space and time. Applications of the geodetic infrastructure for precise faulting, landslide, and sea-level monitoring were illustrated in this study. According to this study, the St. Croix Island is moving away from the Puerto Rico and Northern Virgin Islands toward southeast with a steady velocity of 1.7 mm/year; the Lajas Valley in southwestern of Puerto Rico may be experiencing a north-south direction extension (1.5 mm/year) and a minor right-lateral strike slip (0.4 mm/year) with respect to the PRVI14 reference frame; the current absolute sea-level rise rate in the PRVI coastal region is about 1.6-2.0 mm/year.
C1 [Yang, Linqiang; Wang, Guoquan; Liu, Hanlin] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Natl Ctr Airborne Laser Mapping NCALM, Houston, TX 77004 USA.
[Huerfano, Victor] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Geol, Puerto Rico Seism Network, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA.
[von Hillebrandt-Andrade, Christa G.] NOAA, US Natl Weather Serv Caribbean Tsunami Warning Pr, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA.
[Martinez-Cruzado, Jose A.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Civil Engn, Puerto Rico Strong Mot Program, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA.
RP Yang, LQ (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Natl Ctr Airborne Laser Mapping NCALM, Houston, TX 77004 USA.
EM lyang18@uh.edu
FU NSF [EAR-0722540]; NOAA [DG133W13CN0023]; NSF CAREER [EAR-1229278]; NSF
TUES [DUE-1243582]; NSF "COCONET'' award [EAR-1042906]
FX This PRSN GPS network was funded by the NSF award EAR-0722540 and the
NOAA award DG133W13CN0023. This study was supported by the NSF CAREER
award EAR-1229278, NSF TUES award DUE-1243582 and the NSF "COCONET''
award EAR-1042906. The authors appreciate the efforts from UNAVCO and
NGS for archiving GPS data for the geodesy community. The authors thank
Dr. Glen Mattioli at UNAVCO, Dr. Yan Jiang at the Geological Survey of
Canada, one anonymous reviewer and the editor for their comments and
thoughtful suggestions.
NR 96
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
J9 NAT HAZARDS
JI Nat. Hazards
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 83
IS 1
BP 641
EP 665
DI 10.1007/s11069-016-2344-7
PG 25
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA DQ8ZU
UT WOS:000379501000031
ER
PT J
AU Choukulkar, A
Pichugina, Y
Clack, CTM
Calhoun, R
Banta, R
Brewer, A
Hardesty, M
AF Choukulkar, Aditya
Pichugina, Yelena
Clack, Christopher T. M.
Calhoun, Ronald
Banta, Robert
Brewer, Alan
Hardesty, Michael
TI A new formulation for rotor equivalent wind speed for wind resource
assessment and wind power forecasting
SO WIND ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE wind energy; equivalent wind speed; wind power calculation; Doppler
lidar; wind resource assessment; wind power forecasting
ID RESOLUTION DOPPLER LIDAR; PERFORMANCE-MEASUREMENTS; BOUNDARY-LAYER;
PROFILE; ENERGY; FLOW
AB The spurt of growth in the wind energy industry has led to the development of many new technologies to study this energy resource and improve the efficiency of wind turbines. One of the key factors in wind farm characterization is the prediction of power output of the wind farm that is a strong function of the turbulence in the wind speed and direction. A new formulation for calculating the expected power from a wind turbine in the presence of wind shear, turbulence, directional shear and direction fluctuations is presented. It is observed that wind shear, directional shear and direction fluctuations reduce the power producing capability, while turbulent intensity increases it. However, there is a complicated superposition of these effects that alters the characteristics of the power estimate that indicates the need for the new formulation. Data from two field experiments is used to estimate the wind power using the new formulation, and results are compared to previous formulations. Comparison of the estimates of available power from the new formulation is not compared to actual power outputs and will be a subject of future work. (c) 2015 The Authors. Wind Energy published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Choukulkar, Aditya; Pichugina, Yelena; Clack, Christopher T. M.; Hardesty, Michael] Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Calhoun, Ronald] Arizona State Univ, Environm Remote Sensing Grp, Tempe, AZ USA.
[Banta, Robert; Brewer, Alan] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Choukulkar, A (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM aditya.choukulkar@noaa.gov
RI Banta, Robert/B-8361-2008; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Clack, Christopher/0000-0003-3280-9747
FU Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)
Visiting Fellow Program
FX The first author would like to acknowledge the support of the
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES)
Visiting Fellow Program during which part of this research was
conducted. We thank our colleagues Neil Kelley (NREL) and Julie
Lundquist (NREL/CU) for the collaboration during Lamar Low Level Jet
Project and TWICS. The authors are grateful to Scott Sandberg and Ann
Wieckmann for their invaluable work in deployment process and data
collection.
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 8
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1095-4244
EI 1099-1824
J9 WIND ENERGY
JI Wind Energy
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 19
IS 8
BP 1439
EP 1452
DI 10.1002/we.1929
PG 14
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA DR5YA
UT WOS:000379977100005
ER
PT J
AU Da Costa, F
Petton, B
Mingant, C
Bougaran, G
Rouxel, C
Quere, C
Wikfors, GH
Soudant, P
Robert, R
AF Da Costa, F.
Petton, B.
Mingant, C.
Bougaran, G.
Rouxel, C.
Quere, C.
Wikfors, G. H.
Soudant, P.
Robert, R.
TI Influence of one selected Tisochrysis lutea strain rich in lipids on
Crassostrea gigas larval development and biochemical composition
SO AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE larvae; lipids; oyster; Tisochrysis lutea
ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; PECTEN-MAXIMUS L; SCALLOP
PLACOPECTEN-MAGELLANICUS; CHAETOCEROS-GRACILIS SCHUTT; MONOSPECIFIC
ALGAL DIETS; PACIFIC OYSTER; NUTRITIONAL-VALUE; RUDITAPES-PHILIPPINARUM;
EARLY ONTOGENY; POLAR LIPIDS
AB Effects of a remarkably high overall lipid Tisochrysis lutea strain (T+) upon gross biochemical composition, fatty acid (FA), sterol and lipid class composition of Crassostrea gigas larvae were evaluated and compared with a normal strain of Tisochrysis lutea (T) and the diatom Chaetoceros neogracile (Cg). In a first experiment, the influence of different single diets (T, T+ and Cg) and a bispecific diet (TCg) was studied, whereas, effects of monospecific diets (T and T+) and bispecific diets (TCg and T+ Cg) were evaluated in a second experiment. The strain T+ was very rich in triglycerides (TAG: 93-95% of total neutral lipids), saturated FA (45%), monounsaturated FA (31-33%) and total fatty acids (4.0-4.7 pg cell(-1)). Larval oyster survival and growth rate were positively correlated with 18: 1n-7 and 20: 1n-7, in storage lipids (SL), and negatively related to 14: 0, 18: 1n-9, 20: 1n-9, 20: 4n-6 and trans-22-dehydrocholesterol in membrane lipids (ML). Surprisingly, only the essential fatty acid 20: 5n-3 in SL was correlated positively with larval survival. Correlations suggest that physiological disruption by overabundance of TAG, FFA and certain fatty acids in larvae fed T+ was largely responsible for the poor performance of these larvae. 'High-lipid' strains of microalgae, without regard to qualitative lipid composition, do not always improve bivalve larval performance.
C1 [Da Costa, F.; Petton, B.; Mingant, C.; Quere, C.; Robert, R.] IFREMER, Lab Sci Environm Marin, UMR 6539, LEMAR, Plouzane, France.
[Da Costa, F.] Novostrea Bretagne, Sarzeau, France.
[Bougaran, G.; Rouxel, C.] IFREMER, Lab Physiol & Biotechnol Algues, Nantes 3, France.
[Wikfors, G. H.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, Milford, CT USA.
[Soudant, P.] IUEM UBO, Lab Sci Environm Marin, LEMAR, UMR 6539, Plouzane, France.
[Robert, R.] IFREMER, Unite Littoral, Ctr Bretagne ZI Pointe Diable, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
RP Robert, R (reprint author), IFREMER, Unite Littoral, Ctr Bretagne ZI Pointe Diable, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
EM rene.rob-ert@ifremer.fr
OI Bougaran, Gael/0000-0002-3463-7590
FU Fundacion Juana de Vega (Spain); [FP7-KBBE 245119]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the Fundacion Juana de
Vega (Spain) to the first author, F. da Costa, through a postdoctoral
fellowship and to L. Lebrun for algal cultures. This work was carried
out during the UE funded ReproSeed project (FP7-KBBE 245119), which
contributed to its functional outlays.
NR 108
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1353-5773
EI 1365-2095
J9 AQUACULT NUTR
JI Aquac. Nutr.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 4
BP 813
EP 836
DI 10.1111/anu.12301
PG 24
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DQ7XJ
UT WOS:000379421300010
ER
PT J
AU Kupwade-Patil, K
Tyagi, M
Brown, CM
Buyukozturk, O
AF Kupwade-Patil, Kunal
Tyagi, Madhusudan
Brown, Craig M.
Buyukozturk, Oral
TI Water dynamics in cement paste at early age prepared with pozzolanic
volcanic ash and Ordinary Portland Cement using quasielastic neutron
scattering
SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Portland cement; Volcanic ash; Topic; Quasielastic neutron scattering;
Hydration; Diffusion
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; TRICALCIUM SILICATE; S-H; TRANSLATIONAL
DYNAMICS; HYDRATING TRICALCIUM; NIST CENTER; CONCRETE; MICROSTRUCTURE;
EVOLUTION; SPECTROMETER
AB Early age hydration kinetics of Portland cement with pozzolanic volcanic ash was examined using quasielastic neutron scattering. Volcanic ash consisting of two different particle sizes was used to prepare cement pastes with different ratios of Portland cement to volcanic ash. The concentration of the volcanic ash played a major role in the bound water index and self-diffusion coefficients of hydration water confined in the cement paste. An increase in the particle size of the volcanic ash affected the degree of hydration by allowing more free and mobile water in the gel pores, suggesting that volcanic ash may not have completely reacted during the experimental time frame. This study shows that the particle size along with variation in volcanic ash composition governs the early age hydration process in volcanic ash cements. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kupwade-Patil, Kunal; Buyukozturk, Oral] MIT, LISS, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Tyagi, Madhusudan; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, NISI Ctr Neutron Res NCNR, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tyagi, Madhusudan] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RP Buyukozturk, O (reprint author), MIT, LISS, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM obuyuk@mit.edu
RI Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1508249]; Kuwait Foundation for the
Advancement of Sciences; Kuwait-MIT Center for Natural Resources and the
Environment
FX This work utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under agreement no. DMR-1508249. We thank the "Kuwait
Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences" and "Kuwait-MIT Center for
Natural Resources and the Environment" for the support during this work.
We also acknowledge fruitful discussion with Dr. Andrew Allen from the
Materials Structure and Data Group in the Materials Measurement Science
Division at NIST.
NR 52
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-8846
EI 1873-3948
J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES
JI Cem. Concr. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 86
BP 55
EP 62
DI 10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.04.011
PG 8
WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science
GA DQ5XO
UT WOS:000379278800006
ER
PT J
AU Baker, AH
Sanders, PG
Lass, EA
Kapoor, D
Kampe, SL
AF Baker, A. H.
Sanders, P. G.
Lass, E. A.
Kapoor, Deepak
Kampe, S. L.
TI Solute-Derived Thermal Stabilization of Nano-sized Grains in Melt-Spun
Aluminum
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; GROWTH; ALLOYS; SEGREGATION; STABILITY; AL;
MICROSTRUCTURES; KINETICS; ENERGY
AB Thermal stabilization of nanograined metallic microstructures (or nanostructures) can be difficult due to the large driving force for growth that arises from the inherently significant boundary area. Kinetic approaches for stabilization of the nanostructure effective at low homologous temperatures often fail at higher homologous temperatures. Alternatively, thermodynamic approaches for thermal stabilization may offer higher temperature stability. In this research, modest alloying of aluminum with solute (1 pct by mole Sc, Yb, or Sr) was examined as a means to thermodynamically stabilize a bulk nanostructure at elevated temperatures. Following 1-hour annealing treatments at 673 K (400 A degrees C) (0.72 T-m), 773 K (500 A degrees C) (0.83 T-m), and 873 K (600 A degrees C) (0.94 T-m), the alloys remain nanocrystalline (< 100 nm) as measured by Warren-Averbach Fourier analysis of X-ray diffraction peaks and direct observation of TEM dark-field micrographs, with the efficacy of stabilization: Sr a parts per thousand Yb > Sc. The disappearance of intermetallic phases in the Sr- and Yb-containing alloys in the X-ray diffraction spectra is observed to occur coincident with the stabilization after annealing, suggesting that precipitates dissolve and the boundaries are enriched with solute. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2016
C1 [Baker, A. H.; Sanders, P. G.; Kampe, S. L.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Baker, A. H.] Boeing Co, POB 516,MCS245-1003, St Louis, MO 63134 USA.
[Lass, E. A.] NIST, Div Mat Sci, 100 Bur Dr,M-S 8555, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kapoor, Deepak] Picatinny Arsenal, ARDEC, Wharton, NJ 07806 USA.
RP Baker, AH (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.; Baker, AH (reprint author), Boeing Co, POB 516,MCS245-1003, St Louis, MO 63134 USA.
EM andrew.h.baker@boeing.com
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 47A
IS 8
BP 4287
EP 4300
DI 10.1007/s11661-016-3551-2
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA DQ8XJ
UT WOS:000379494700046
ER
PT J
AU Keshavarz, S
Ghosh, S
Reid, ACE
Langer, SA
AF Keshavarz, Shahriyar
Ghosh, Somnath
Reid, Andrew C. E.
Langer, Stephen A.
TI A non-Schmid crystal plasticity finite element approach to multi-scale
modeling of nickel-based superalloys
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Ni-based superalloys; Homogenization; Crystal plasticity; Morphology;
Non-Schmid
ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL; MICROSTRUCTURES; DEFORMATION; CREEP; HOMOGENIZATION;
BEHAVIOR; CMSX-4
AB This paper develops non-Schmid crystal plasticity constitutive models at two length scales, and bridges them in a multi-scale framework. The constitutive models address thermo-mechanical behavior of Nickel-based superalloys for a large temperature range, viz. 300 K-1223 K, and include orientation dependencies and tension-compression asymmetry. The orientation dependencies result in tension compression asymmetry for almost all orientations on the standard unit triangle. However simulations show different trends for the stronger direction (tension or compression) in terms of yield stress and hardening. The multi-scale framework includes two sub-grain and homogenized grain scales. For the sub-grain scale, a size-dependent, dislocation density-based FEM model of the representative volume element (RVE) with explicit depiction of the gamma-gamma' morphology is developed as a building block for homogenization. For the next scale, an activation energy based crystal plasticity (AE-CP) model is developed for single crystal Ni-based superalloys. The homogenized AE-CP model develops functional forms of constitutive parameters in terms of characteristics of the sub-grain gamma-gamma' microstructural morphology including gamma' shape, volume fraction and gamma channel-width in the sub-grain microstructure. This homogenized model can significantly expedite crystal plasticity FE simulations due to the parametrized representation, while retaining accuracy. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Keshavarz, Shahriyar] Theiss Res, 7411 Eads Ave, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Keshavarz, Shahriyar; Reid, Andrew C. E.; Langer, Stephen A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ghosh, Somnath] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Ghosh, Somnath] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Ghosh, Somnath] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Keshavarz, S (reprint author), Theiss Res, 7411 Eads Ave, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM shahriyar.keshavarzhadad@nist.gov
RI Ghosh, Somnath/A-2867-2012
FU U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and
Technology [70NANB15H240]; AFOSR/RSL Computational Mathematics Program
[FA9550-12-1-0445]; AFRL/RX
FX Shahriyar Keshavarz acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of
Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology under financial
assistance award 70NANB15H240. Somnath Ghosh has been supported through
a grant No. FA9550-12-1-0445 to the Center of Excellence on Integrated
Materials Modeling (CEIMM) at Johns Hopkins University awarded by the
AFOSR/RSL Computational Mathematics Program (Manager Dr. A. Sayir) and
AFRL/RX (Monitors Dr. C. Woodward and C. Przybyla). This sponsorship is
gratefully acknowledged.
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 13
U2 17
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 114
BP 106
EP 115
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.05.016
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA DQ1LN
UT WOS:000378962600011
ER
PT J
AU Datta, R
Austermann, J
Beall, JA
Becker, D
Coughlin, KP
Duff, SM
Gallardo, PA
Grace, E
Hasselfield, M
Henderson, SW
Hilton, GC
Ho, SP
Hubmayr, J
Koopman, BJ
Lanen, JV
Li, D
McMahon, J
Munson, CD
Nati, F
Niemack, MD
Page, L
Pappas, CG
Salatino, M
Schmitt, BL
Schillaci, A
Simon, SM
Staggs, ST
Stevens, JR
Vavagiakis, EM
Ward, JT
Wollack, EJ
AF Datta, R.
Austermann, J.
Beall, J. A.
Becker, D.
Coughlin, K. P.
Duff, S. M.
Gallardo, P. A.
Grace, E.
Hasselfield, M.
Henderson, S. W.
Hilton, G. C.
Ho, S. P.
Hubmayr, J.
Koopman, B. J.
Lanen, J. V.
Li, D.
McMahon, J.
Munson, C. D.
Nati, F.
Niemack, M. D.
Page, L.
Pappas, C. G.
Salatino, M.
Schmitt, B. L.
Schillaci, A.
Simon, S. M.
Staggs, S. T.
Stevens, J. R.
Vavagiakis, E. M.
Ward, J. T.
Wollack, E. J.
TI Design and Deployment of a Multichroic Polarimeter Array on the Atacama
Cosmology Telescope
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Anti-reflection coating; Cosmic microwave background; Feedhorn;
Millimeter wave; Polarimeter; Silicon lenses; Superconducting detectors;
TES
ID OPTICAL DESIGN; POLARIZATION
AB We present the design and the preliminary on-sky performance with respect to beams and passbands of a multichroic polarimeter array covering the 90 and 146 GHz cosmic microwave background bands and its enabling broad-band optical system recently deployed on the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). The constituent pixels are feedhorn-coupled multichroic polarimeters fabricated at NIST. This array is coupled to the ACT telescope via a set of three silicon lenses incorporating novel broad-band metamaterial anti-reflection coatings. This receiver represents the first multichroic detector array deployed for a CMB experiment and paves the way for the extensive use of multichroic detectors and broad-band optical systems in the next generation of CMB experiments.
C1 [Datta, R.; Coughlin, K. P.; McMahon, J.; Munson, C. D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Austermann, J.; Beall, J. A.; Becker, D.; Duff, S. M.; Hilton, G. C.; Hubmayr, J.; Lanen, J. V.; Li, D.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817-03, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Gallardo, P. A.; Henderson, S. W.; Koopman, B. J.; Niemack, M. D.; Stevens, J. R.; Vavagiakis, E. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Grace, E.; Ho, S. P.; Page, L.; Pappas, C. G.; Salatino, M.; Schillaci, A.; Simon, S. M.; Staggs, S. T.] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs Phys, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Hasselfield, M.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Li, D.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sandy Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Nati, F.; Schmitt, B. L.; Ward, J. T.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, 209 South 33rd St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Schillaci, A.] Soc Radiosky Asesorias Ingn Ltd, Dept 805, Lincoya 54, Concepcion, Chile.
[Wollack, E. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Datta, R (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM dattar@umich.edu
RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; Nati, Federico/I-4469-2016
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Nati, Federico/0000-0002-8307-5088
FU NASA [NNX13AE56G, NNX14AB58G]; U.S. National Science Foundation
[AST-0965625, PHY-1214379]; NIST Quantum Initiative; NASA Office of the
Chief Technologists Space Technology Research Fellowship awards
FX This work was supported by NASA through awards NNX13AE56G and NNX14AB58G
and by the U.S. National Science Foundation through awards AST-0965625
and PHY-1214379. The NIST authors would like to acknowledge the support
of the NIST Quantum Initiative. The work of KPC, EG, BJK, BLS, CDM, JTW,
and SMS were supported by NASA Office of the Chief Technologists Space
Technology Research Fellowship awards.
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 568
EP 575
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1553-5
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700007
ER
PT J
AU Jhabvala, CA
Benford, DJ
Brekosky, RP
Costen, NP
Datesman, AM
Hilton, GC
Irwin, KD
Maher, SF
Manos, G
Miller, TM
Moseley, SH
Sharp, EH
Staguhn, JG
Wang, F
Wollack, EJ
AF Jhabvala, C. A.
Benford, D. J.
Brekosky, R. P.
Costen, N. P.
Datesman, A. M.
Hilton, G. C.
Irwin, K. D.
Maher, S. F.
Manos, G.
Miller, T. M.
Moseley, S. H.
Sharp, E. H.
Staguhn, J. G.
Wang, F.
Wollack, E. J.
TI Superconducting Pathways Through Kilopixel Backshort-Under-Grid Arrays
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Backshort-Under-Grid; Bolometer; HAWC; Through wafer via; Transition
edge sensor; Indium bump bonding; Atomic layer deposition
ID INFRARED ASTRONOMY; BOLOMETER ARRAYS
AB We have demonstrated in the laboratory multiple, fully functional, kilopixel, bolometer arrays for the upgraded instrument, the High-resolution airborne wideband camera plus (HAWC+), for the stratospheric observatory for infrared astronomy (SOFIA). Each kilopixel array consists of three individual components assembled into a single working unit: (1) a filled, Transition Edge Sensor (TES) bolometer array, (2) an infrared, back-termination, and (3) an integrated, two-dimensional superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) multiplexer readout. Kilopixel TES arrays are directly indium-bump-bonded to a 32 40 SQUID multiplexer (MUX) circuit. In order to provide a fully superconducting pathway from the TES to the SQUID readout, numerous superconductor-to-superconductor interfaces must be made. This paper focuses on the fabrication techniques needed to create the superconducting path from the TES, out of the detector membrane, through the wafer, and to the SQUID readout.
C1 [Jhabvala, C. A.; Benford, D. J.; Manos, G.; Miller, T. M.; Moseley, S. H.; Wollack, E. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Brekosky, R. P.; Costen, N. P.; Datesman, A. M.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Seabrook, MD USA.
[Hilton, G. C.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Irwin, K. D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Sharp, E. H.] Global Sci & Technol Inc, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Maher, S. F.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Staguhn, J. G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Wang, F.] ASRC Fed Space & Def, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Jhabvala, CA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM christine.a.jhabvala@nasa.gov
RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; Benford, Dominic/D-4760-2012
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Benford,
Dominic/0000-0002-9884-4206
FU NASA
FX This work was supported through a series of NASA awards, including the
High resolution Airborne Wideband Camera Plus (HAWC+/SOFIA, Dr. Darren
Dowell, Principal Investigator) and the Primordial Inflation
Polarization Explorer (PIPER, Dr. Alan Kogut, Principal Investigator).
The authors also wish to thank the work of Dr. James A. Chervenak, NASA
Goddard Space Flight Center, Detector Systems Branch, for cryogenic test
support.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 615
EP 620
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1487-y
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700014
ER
PT J
AU Duff, SM
Austermann, J
Beall, JA
Becker, D
Datta, R
Gallardo, PA
Henderson, SW
Hilton, GC
Ho, SP
Hubmayr, J
Koopman, BJ
Li, D
McMahon, J
Nati, F
Niemack, MD
Pappas, CG
Salatino, M
Schmitt, BL
Simon, SM
Staggs, ST
Stevens, JR
Van Lanen, J
Vavagiakis, EM
Ward, JT
Wollack, EJ
AF Duff, S. M.
Austermann, J.
Beall, J. A.
Becker, D.
Datta, R.
Gallardo, P. A.
Henderson, S. W.
Hilton, G. C.
Ho, S. P.
Hubmayr, J.
Koopman, B. J.
Li, D.
McMahon, J.
Nati, F.
Niemack, M. D.
Pappas, C. G.
Salatino, M.
Schmitt, B. L.
Simon, S. M.
Staggs, S. T.
Stevens, J. R.
Van Lanen, J.
Vavagiakis, E. M.
Ward, J. T.
Wollack, E. J.
TI Advanced ACTPol Multichroic Polarimeter Array Fabrication Process for
150 mm Wafers
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE AlMn; Multichroic; Polarimeter; SiNx; Transition-edge sensor
ID POLARIZATION
AB Advanced ACTPol (AdvACT) is a third-generation cosmic microwave background receiver to be deployed in 2016 on the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Spanning five frequency bands from 25 to 280 GHz and having just over 5600 transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers, this receiver will exhibit increased sensitivity and mapping speed compared to previously fielded ACT instruments. This paper presents the fabrication processes developed by NIST to scale to large arrays of feedhorn-coupled multichroic AlMn-based TES polarimeters on 150-mm diameter wafers. In addition to describing the streamlined fabrication process which enables high yields of densely packed detectors across larger wafers, we report the details of process improvements for sensor (AlMn) and insulator (SiN) materials and microwave structures, and the resulting performance improvements.
C1 [Duff, S. M.; Austermann, J.; Beall, J. A.; Becker, D.; Hilton, G. C.; Hubmayr, J.; Van Lanen, J.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Datta, R.; McMahon, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA.
[Gallardo, P. A.; Henderson, S. W.; Koopman, B. J.; Niemack, M. D.; Stevens, J. R.; Vavagiakis, E. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Ho, S. P.; Pappas, C. G.; Salatino, M.; Simon, S. M.; Staggs, S. T.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Li, D.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sandy Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Nati, F.; Schmitt, B. L.; Ward, J. T.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Wollack, E. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Duff, SM (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM shannon.duff@nist.gov
RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; Nati, Federico/I-4469-2016
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Nati, Federico/0000-0002-8307-5088
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [1440226]; NIST Quantum Initiative;
NASA [NNX13AE56G, NNX14AB58G]; NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship
awards
FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation through
award 1440226. The NIST authors would like to acknowledge the support of
the NIST Quantum Initiative. The development of multichroic detectors
and lenses was supported by NASA grants NNX13AE56G and NNX14AB58G. The
work of BJK, BLS, JTW, and SMS was supported by NASA Space Technology
Research Fellowship awards.
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 634
EP 641
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1576-y
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700017
ER
PT J
AU Jaeckel, FT
Kripps, KL
Morgan, KM
Zhang, S
McCammon, D
AF Jaeckel, Felix T.
Kripps, Kari L.
Morgan, Kelsey M.
Zhang, Shuo
McCammon, Dan
TI Fabrication of Superconducting Mo/Cu Bilayers Using Ion-Beam-Assisted
e-Beam Evaporation
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Transition edge sensors; Ion-beam-assisted deposition; Mo/Cu bilayers;
Proximity effect; Contamination; Stress
ID TRANSITION EDGE SENSORS; FILMS; IRRADIATION; FLUX
AB Superconducting/normal metal bilayers with tunable transition temperature are a critical ingredient to the fabrication of high-performance transition edge sensors. Popular material choices include Mo/Au and Mo/Cu, which exhibit good environmental stability and provide low resistivity films to achieve adequate thermal conductivity. The deposition of high-quality Mo films requires sufficient adatom mobility, which can be provided by energetic ions in sputter deposition or by heating the substrate in an e-beam evaporation process. The bilayer depends sensitively on the exact deposition conditions of the Mo layer and the superconducting/normal metal interface. Because the individual contributions (strain, crystalline structure, contamination) are difficult to disentangle and control, reproducibility remains a challenge. Recently, we have demonstrated that low-energy ion-beam-assisted e-beam evaporation offers an alternative route to reliably produce high-quality Mo films without the use of substrate heating. The energy and momentum delivered by the ion beam provides an additional control knob to tune film properties such as resistivity and stress. In this report we describe modifications made to the commercial end-Hall ion source to avoid iron contamination allowing us to produce superconducting Mo films. We show that the ion beam is effective at enhancing the bilayer interface transparency and that bilayers can be further tuned towards reduced and higher conductivity by vacuum annealing.
C1 [Jaeckel, Felix T.; Kripps, Kari L.; Zhang, Shuo; McCammon, Dan] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53598 USA.
[Morgan, Kelsey M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Jaeckel, FT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53598 USA.
EM felix.jaeckel@wisc.edu
OI Jaeckel, Felix/0000-0001-6401-7010
FU NASA [NNX13AH21G]; UW Materials Research Science and Engineering Center
(NSF) [DMR 1121288]
FX This work was supported in part by NASA grant NNX13AH21G. We thank Fred
Finkbeiner at GSFC and Dan Schmidt at NIST for providing us with Mo
wafers for comparison purposes. We acknowledge use of instrumentation
supported by the UW Materials Research Science and Engineering Center
(NSF grant DMR 1121288). We further thank H. Gilles and D. Christensen
atWCAM for enabling the ion-source installation, M. Rzchowski
(UW-Madison) for equipment used in annealing, and T. Drier (UW-Madison)
for quartz-glass blowing work.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 7
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 647
EP 653
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1563-3
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700019
ER
PT J
AU Niemack, MD
Ade, P
de Bernardis, F
Boulanger, F
Bryan, S
Devlin, M
Dunkley, J
Eales, S
Gomez, H
Groppi, C
Henderson, S
Hillbrand, S
Hubmayr, J
Mauskopf, P
McMahon, J
Miville-Deschenes, MA
Pascale, E
Pisano, G
Novak, G
Scott, D
Soler, J
Tucker, C
AF Niemack, Michael D.
Ade, Peter
de Bernardis, Francesco
Boulanger, Francois
Bryan, Sean
Devlin, Mark
Dunkley, Joanna
Eales, Steve
Gomez, Haley
Groppi, Chris
Henderson, Shawn
Hillbrand, Seth
Hubmayr, Johannes
Mauskopf, Philip
McMahon, Jeff
Miville-Deschenes, Marc-Antoine
Pascale, Enzo
Pisano, Giampaolo
Novak, Giles
Scott, Douglas
Soler, Juan
Tucker, Carole
TI BFORE: The B-mode Foreground Experiment
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cosmic microwave background; Dust; Foregrounds; Balloons;
Superconducting detectors; Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
ID ZELDOVICH; SUBMILLIMETER; POLARIZATION; CLUSTERS
AB The B-mode Foreground Experiment (BFORE) is a proposed NASA balloon project designed to make optimal use of the sub-orbital platform by concentrating on three dust foreground bands (270, 350, and 600 GHz) that complement ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) programs. BFORE will survey 1/4 of the sky with 1.7-3.7 arcminute resolution, enabling precise characterization of the Galactic dust that now limits constraints on inflation from CMB B-mode polarization measurements. In addition, BFORE's combination of frequency coverage, large survey area, and angular resolution enables science far beyond the critical goal of measuring foregrounds. BFORE will constrain the velocities of thousands of galaxy clusters, provide a new window on the cosmic infrared background, and probe magnetic fields in the interstellar medium. We review the BFORE science case, timeline, and instrument design, which is based on a compact off-axis telescope coupled to superconducting detectors.
C1 [Niemack, Michael D.; de Bernardis, Francesco; Henderson, Shawn] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Ade, Peter; Eales, Steve; Gomez, Haley; Pascale, Enzo; Pisano, Giampaolo; Tucker, Carole] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales.
[Boulanger, Francois; Miville-Deschenes, Marc-Antoine; Soler, Juan] Univ Paris 11, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, CNRS, Orsay, France.
[Bryan, Sean; Groppi, Chris; Mauskopf, Philip] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA.
[Devlin, Mark] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Dunkley, Joanna] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Hillbrand, Seth] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Phys & Astron, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Hubmayr, Johannes] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[McMahon, Jeff] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Novak, Giles] Northwestern Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Explorat & Res Astrophys, Evanston, IL USA.
[Novak, Giles] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL USA.
[Scott, Douglas] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
RP Niemack, MD (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM niemack@cornell.edu
OI Tucker, Carole/0000-0002-1851-3918
FU NASA [NNX13AE56G, NNX14AB58G]
FX The development of multichroic detectors and lenses was supported by
NASA Grants NNX13AE56G and NNX14AB58G.
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 746
EP 753
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1395-6
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700034
ER
PT J
AU Chuss, DT
Ali, A
Amiri, M
Appel, J
Bennett, CL
Colazo, F
Denis, KL
Dunner, R
Essinger-Hileman, T
Eimer, J
Fluxa, P
Gothe, D
Halpern, M
Harrington, K
Hilton, G
Hinshaw, G
Hubmayr, J
Iuliano, J
Marriage, TA
Miller, N
Moseley, SH
Mumby, G
Petroff, M
Reintsema, C
Rostem, K
U-Yen, K
Watts, D
Wagner, E
Wollack, EJ
Xu, Z
Zeng, L
AF Chuss, D. T.
Ali, A.
Amiri, M.
Appel, J.
Bennett, C. L.
Colazo, F.
Denis, K. L.
Dunner, R.
Essinger-Hileman, T.
Eimer, J.
Fluxa, P.
Gothe, D.
Halpern, M.
Harrington, K.
Hilton, G.
Hinshaw, G.
Hubmayr, J.
Iuliano, J.
Marriage, T. A.
Miller, N.
Moseley, S. H.
Mumby, G.
Petroff, M.
Reintsema, C.
Rostem, K.
U-Yen, K.
Watts, D.
Wagner, E.
Wollack, E. J.
Xu, Z.
Zeng, L.
TI Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) Focal Plane Development
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE CMB; TES
ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND POLARIMETRY; BANDWIDTH
AB The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) will measure the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background to search for and characterize the polarized signature of inflation. CLASS will operate from the Atacama Desert and observe 70 % of the sky. A variable-delay polarization modulator provides modulation of the polarization at 10 Hz to suppress the 1/f noise of the atmosphere and enable the measurement of the large angular scale polarization modes. The measurement of the inflationary signal across angular scales that spans both the recombination and reionization features allows a test of the predicted shape of the polarized angular power spectra in addition to a measurement of the energy scale of inflation. CLASS is an array of telescopes covering frequencies of 38, 93, 148, and 217 GHz. These frequencies straddle the foreground minimum and thus allow the extraction of foregrounds from the primordial signal. Each focal plane contains feedhorn-coupled transition-edge sensors that simultaneously detect two orthogonal linear polarizations. The use of single-crystal silicon as the dielectric for the on-chip transmission lines enables both high efficiency and uniformity in fabrication. Integrated band definition has been implemented that both controls the bandpass of the single-mode transmission on the chip and prevents stray light from coupling to the detectors.
C1 [Chuss, D. T.] Villanova Univ, Dept Phys, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
[Ali, A.; Appel, J.; Bennett, C. L.; Essinger-Hileman, T.; Eimer, J.; Gothe, D.; Harrington, K.; Iuliano, J.; Marriage, T. A.; Miller, N.; Mumby, G.; Petroff, M.; Rostem, K.; Watts, D.; Wagner, E.; Xu, Z.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Colazo, F.; Miller, N.; Moseley, S. H.; Rostem, K.; Wollack, E. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Denis, K. L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 553, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[U-Yen, K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 555, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Amiri, M.; Halpern, M.; Hinshaw, G.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Hilton, G.; Hubmayr, J.; Reintsema, C.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Zeng, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Dunner, R.; Fluxa, P.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Santiago, Chile.
RP Chuss, DT (reprint author), Villanova Univ, Dept Phys, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
EM david.chuss@villanova.edu
RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012;
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Watts, Duncan/0000-0002-5437-6121
FU National Science Foundation [0959349, 1429236]; NASA ROSES/APRA program;
NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship [NNX14AM49H]; Maryland Space
Grant Consortium
FX Support for CLASS has been provided by the National Science Foundation
through Grant Numbers 0959349 and 1429236. The NASA ROSES/APRA program
has provided funding for the development of the detectors. K. Harrington
was supported by a NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship
(NNX14AM49H). D Watts is funded by the Maryland Space Grant Consortium.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 759
EP 764
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1368-9
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700036
ER
PT J
AU Wu, WLK
Ade, PAR
Ahmed, Z
Alexander, KD
Amiri, M
Barkats, D
Benton, SJ
Bischoff, CA
Bock, JJ
Bowens-Rubin, R
Buder, I
Bullock, E
Buza, V
Connors, JA
Filippini, JP
Fliescher, S
Grayson, JA
Halpern, M
Harrison, SA
Hilton, GC
Hristov, VV
Hui, H
Irwin, KD
Kang, J
Karkare, KS
Karpel, E
Kefeli, S
Kernasovskiy, SA
Kovac, JM
Kuo, CL
Megerian, KG
Netterfield, CB
Nguyen, HT
O'Brient, R
Ogburn, RW
Pryke, C
Reintsema, CD
Richter, S
Sorensen, C
Staniszewski, ZK
Steinbach, B
Sudiwala, RV
Teply, GP
Thompson, KL
Tolan, JE
Tucker, CE
Turner, AD
Vieregg, AG
Weber, AC
Wiebe, DV
Willmert, J
Yoon, KW
AF Wu, W. L. K.
Ade, P. A. R.
Ahmed, Z.
Alexander, K. D.
Amiri, M.
Barkats, D.
Benton, S. J.
Bischoff, C. A.
Bock, J. J.
Bowens-Rubin, R.
Buder, I.
Bullock, E.
Buza, V.
Connors, J. A.
Filippini, J. P.
Fliescher, S.
Grayson, J. A.
Halpern, M.
Harrison, S. A.
Hilton, G. C.
Hristov, V. V.
Hui, H.
Irwin, K. D.
Kang, J.
Karkare, K. S.
Karpel, E.
Kefeli, S.
Kernasovskiy, S. A.
Kovac, J. M.
Kuo, C. L.
Megerian, K. G.
Netterfield, C. B.
Nguyen, H. T.
O'Brient, R.
Ogburn, R. W.
Pryke, C.
Reintsema, C. D.
Richter, S.
Sorensen, C.
Staniszewski, Z. K.
Steinbach, B.
Sudiwala, R. V.
Teply, G. P.
Thompson, K. L.
Tolan, J. E.
Tucker, C. E.
Turner, A. D.
Vieregg, A. G.
Weber, A. C.
Wiebe, D. V.
Willmert, J.
Yoon, K. W.
TI Initial Performance of Bicep3: A Degree Angular Scale 95 GHz Band
Polarimeter
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cosmic microwave background; Primordial gravitational waves; Inflation;
Instrumentation: polarimetry; Telescopes
AB Bicep3 is a 550-mm aperture telescope with cold, on-axis, refractive optics designed to observe at the 95-GHz band from the South Pole. It is the newest member of the Bicep/Keck family of inflationary probes specifically designed to measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at degree angular scales. Bicep3 is designed to house 1280 dual-polarization pixels, which, when fully populated, totals to 9 the number of pixels in a single Keck 95-GHz receiver, thus further advancing the Bicep/Keck program's 95 GHz mapping speed. Bicep3 was deployed during the austral summer of 2014-2015 with nine detector tiles, to be increased to its full capacity of 20 in the second season. After instrument characterization, measurements were taken, and CMB observation commenced in April 2015. Together with multi-frequency observation data from Planck, Bicep2, and the Keck Array, Bicep3 is projected to set upper limits on the tensor-to-scalar ratio to at 95 % C.L.
C1 [Wu, W. L. K.; Ahmed, Z.; Grayson, J. A.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karpel, E.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kuo, C. L.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Wu, W. L. K.; Ahmed, Z.; Grayson, J. A.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karpel, E.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kuo, C. L.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Yoon, K. W.] Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Ade, P. A. R.; Sudiwala, R. V.; Tucker, C. E.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales.
[Alexander, K. D.; Barkats, D.; Bischoff, C. A.; Bowens-Rubin, R.; Buder, I.; Buza, V.; Connors, J. A.; Harrison, S. A.; Karkare, K. S.; Kovac, J. M.; Richter, S.; Sorensen, C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Amiri, M.; Halpern, M.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Benton, S. J.; Netterfield, C. B.; Wiebe, D. V.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
[Bock, J. J.; Hristov, V. V.; Hui, H.; Kefeli, S.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Steinbach, B.; Teply, G. P.] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Bock, J. J.; Megerian, K. G.; Nguyen, H. T.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Turner, A. D.; Weber, A. C.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Bullock, E.; Fliescher, S.; Pryke, C.; Willmert, J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61820 USA.
[Hilton, G. C.; Reintsema, C. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Wu, WLK (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM wlwu@stanford.edu
OI Barkats, Denis/0000-0002-8971-1954; Tucker, Carole/0000-0002-1851-3918
FU National Science Foundation [1313158, 1313010, 1313062, 1313287,
1056465, 0960243]; SLAC Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Fund; Canada Foundation for Innovation, Science and Technology
Facilities Council Consolidated Grant [ST/K000926/1]; British Columbia
Development Fund; JPL Research and Technology Development Fund; NASA
APRA program [06-ARPA206-0040, 10-SAT10-0017, 12-SAT12-0031]; NASA SAT
program [06-ARPA206-0040, 10-SAT10-0017, 12-SAT12-0031]
FX This work is supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant Nos.
1313158, 1313010, 1313062, 1313287, 1056465, 0960243), the SLAC
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Fund, the Canada Foundation
for Innovation, Science and Technology Facilities Council Consolidated
Grant (ST/K000926/1), and the British Columbia Development Fund. The
development of detector technology was supported by the JPL Research and
Technology Development Fund and Grants 06-ARPA206-0040, 10-SAT10-0017,
and 12-SAT12-0031 from the NASA APRA and SAT programs. The development
and testing of detector modules were supported by the Gordon and Betty
Moore Foundation.
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 5
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 765
EP 771
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1403-x
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700037
ER
PT J
AU Henderson, SW
Allison, R
Austermann, J
Baildon, T
Battaglia, N
Beall, JA
Becker, D
De Bernardis, F
Bond, JR
Calabrese, E
Choi, SK
Coughlin, KP
Crowley, KT
Datta, R
Devlin, MJ
Duff, SM
Dunkley, J
Dunner, R
van Engelen, A
Gallardo, PA
Grace, E
Hasselfield, M
Hills, F
Hilton, GC
Hincks, AD
Hlozek, R
Ho, SP
Hubmayr, J
Huffenberger, K
Hughes, JP
Irwin, KD
Koopman, BJ
Kosowsky, AB
Li, D
McMahon, J
Munson, C
Nati, F
Newburgh, L
Niemack, M
Niraula, P
Page, LA
Pappas, CG
Salatino, M
Schillaci, A
Schmitt, BL
Sehgal, N
Sherwin, BD
Sievers, JL
Simon, SM
Spergel, DN
Staggs, ST
Stevens, JR
Thornton, R
Van Lanen, J
Vavagiakis, EM
Ward, JT
Wollack, EJ
AF Henderson, S. W.
Allison, R.
Austermann, J.
Baildon, T.
Battaglia, N.
Beall, J. A.
Becker, D.
De Bernardis, F.
Bond, J. R.
Calabrese, E.
Choi, S. K.
Coughlin, K. P.
Crowley, K. T.
Datta, R.
Devlin, M. J.
Duff, S. M.
Dunkley, J.
Dunner, R.
van Engelen, A.
Gallardo, P. A.
Grace, E.
Hasselfield, M.
Hills, F.
Hilton, G. C.
Hincks, A. D.
Hlozek, R.
Ho, S. P.
Hubmayr, J.
Huffenberger, K.
Hughes, J. P.
Irwin, K. D.
Koopman, B. J.
Kosowsky, A. B.
Li, D.
McMahon, J.
Munson, C.
Nati, F.
Newburgh, L.
Niemack, M. D.
Niraula, P.
Page, L. A.
Pappas, C. G.
Salatino, M.
Schillaci, A.
Schmitt, B. L.
Sehgal, N.
Sherwin, B. D.
Sievers, J. L.
Simon, S. M.
Spergel, D. N.
Staggs, S. T.
Stevens, J. R.
Thornton, R.
Van Lanen, J.
Vavagiakis, E. M.
Ward, J. T.
Wollack, E. J.
TI Advanced ACTPol Cryogenic Detector Arrays and Readout
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bolometers; Cosmic microwave background; Millimeter-wave; Polarimetry;
Superconducting detectors; Transition edge sensors
ID TELESCOPE; COSMOLOGY; MILLIMETER; CAMERA
AB Advanced ACTPol is a polarization-sensitive upgrade for the 6 m aperture Atacama Cosmology Telescope, adding new frequencies and increasing sensitivity over the previous ACTPol receiver. In 2016, Advanced ACTPol will begin to map approximately half the sky in five frequency bands (28-230 GHz). Its maps of primary and secondary cosmic microwave background anisotropies-imaged in intensity and polarization at few arcminute-scale resolution-will enable precision cosmological constraints and also a wide array of cross-correlation science that probes the expansion history of the universe and the growth of structure via gravitational collapse. To accomplish these scientific goals, the Advanced ACTPol receiver will be a significant upgrade to the ACTPol receiver, including four new multichroic arrays of cryogenic, feedhorn-coupled AlMn transition edge sensor polarimeters (fabricated on 150 mm diameter wafers); a system of continuously rotating meta-material silicon half-wave plates; and a new multiplexing readout architecture which uses superconducting quantum interference devices and time division to achieve a 64-row multiplexing factor. Here we present the status and scientific goals of the Advanced ACTPol instrument, emphasizing the design and implementation of the Advanced ACTPol cryogenic detector arrays.
C1 [Henderson, S. W.; De Bernardis, F.; Gallardo, P. A.; Koopman, B. J.; Niemack, M. D.; Stevens, J. R.; Vavagiakis, E. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Keble Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Allison, R.; Dunkley, J.] Univ Oxford, Subdept Astrophys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Austermann, J.; Beall, J. A.; Becker, D.; Duff, S. M.; Hilton, G. C.; Hubmayr, J.; Li, D.; Van Lanen, J.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817-03, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Baildon, T.; Coughlin, K. P.; Datta, R.; Hills, F.; McMahon, J.; Munson, C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA.
[Battaglia, N.; Calabrese, E.; Hasselfield, M.; Hlozek, R.; Spergel, D. N.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Bond, J. R.; van Engelen, A.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Choi, S. K.; Crowley, K. T.; Grace, E.; Ho, S. P.; Niraula, P.; Page, L. A.; Pappas, C. G.; Salatino, M.; Schillaci, A.; Simon, S. M.; Staggs, S. T.] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs Phys, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Devlin, M. J.; Nati, F.; Schmitt, B. L.; Ward, J. T.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, 209 South 33rd St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Dunner, R.] Ponticia Univ Catolica, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile.
[Hincks, A. D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Huffenberger, K.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Hughes, J. P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Irwin, K. D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Kosowsky, A. B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Li, D.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sandy Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Newburgh, L.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada.
[Sehgal, N.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Sherwin, B. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Sievers, J. L.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa.
[Thornton, R.] West Chester Univ Penns, Dept Phys, W Chester, PA 19383 USA.
[Wollack, E. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Schillaci, A.] Soc Radiosky Asesorias Ingn Ltd, Lincoyan 54, Concepcion, Chile.
RP Henderson, SW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Keble Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM swh76@cornell.edu
RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; Nati, Federico/I-4469-2016;
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Nati, Federico/0000-0002-8307-5088;
Huffenberger, Kevin/0000-0001-7109-0099
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [1312380, 1440226]; NIST Quantum
Initiative; NASA [NNX13AE56G, NNX14AB58G]; NASA Space Technology
Research Fellowship awards
FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation through
Awards 1312380 and 1440226. The NIST authors would like to acknowledge
the support of the NIST Quantum Initiative. The development of
multichroic detectors and lenses was supported by NASA Grants NNX13AE56G
and NNX14AB58G. The work of KPC, KTC, EG, BJK, CM, BLS, JTW, and SMS was
supported by NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship awards.
NR 37
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 7
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 772
EP 779
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1575-z
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700038
ER
PT J
AU Staguhn, JG
Benford, DJ
Dowell, CD
Fixsen, DJ
Hilton, GC
Irwin, KD
Jhabvala, CA
Maher, SF
Miller, TM
Moseley, SH
Sharp, EH
Runyan, MC
Wollack, EJ
AF Staguhn, J. G.
Benford, D. J.
Dowell, C. D.
Fixsen, D. J.
Hilton, G. C.
Irwin, K. D.
Jhabvala, C. A.
Maher, S. F.
Miller, T. M.
Moseley, S. H.
Sharp, E. H.
Runyan, M. C.
Wollack, E. J.
TI Performance of Backshort-Under-Grid Kilopixel TES Arrays for HAWC
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Transition edge sensor; Backshort-Under-Grid; Bolometer; HAWC;
Far-infrared astronomy; Polarimetry
AB We present results from laboratory detector characterizations of the first kilopixel BUG arrays for the High- resolution Wideband Camera Plus (HAWC+) which is the imaging far-infrared polarimeter camera for the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). Our tests demonstrate that the array performance is consistent with the predicted properties. Here, we highlight results obtained for the thermal conductivity, noise performance, detector speed, and first optical results demonstrating the pixel yield of the arrays.
C1 [Staguhn, J. G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Staguhn, J. G.; Benford, D. J.; Fixsen, D. J.; Jhabvala, C. A.; Maher, S. F.; Miller, T. M.; Moseley, S. H.; Sharp, E. H.; Wollack, E. J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Dowell, C. D.; Runyan, M. C.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Hilton, G. C.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Irwin, K. D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Maher, S. F.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
[Sharp, E. H.] Global Sci & Technol Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
RP Staguhn, JG (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM johannes.staguhn@nasa.gov
RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; Benford, Dominic/D-4760-2012
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Benford,
Dominic/0000-0002-9884-4206
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 811
EP 815
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1509-9
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700044
ER
PT J
AU Matsumura, T
Akiba, Y
Arnold, K
Borrill, J
Chendra, R
Chinone, Y
Cukierman, A
de Haan, T
Dobbs, M
Dominjon, A
Elleflot, T
Errard, J
Fujino, T
Fuke, H
Goeckner-wald, N
Halverson, N
Harvey, P
Hasegawa, M
Hattori, K
Hattori, M
Hazumi, M
Hill, C
Hilton, G
Holzapfel, W
Hori, Y
Hubmayr, J
Ichiki, K
Inatani, J
Inoue, M
Inoue, Y
Irie, F
Irwin, K
Ishino, H
Ishitsuka, H
Jeong, O
Karatsu, K
Kashima, S
Katayama, N
Kawano, I
Keating, B
Kibayashi, A
Kibe, Y
Kida, Y
Kimura, K
Kimura, N
Kohri, K
Komatsu, E
Kuo, C
Kuromiya, S
Kusaka, A
Lee, A
Linder, E
Matsuhara, H
Matsuoka, S
Matsuura, S
Mima, S
Mitsuda, K
Mizukami, K
Morii, H
Morishima, T
Nagai, M
Nagasaki, T
Nagata, R
Nakajima, M
Nakamura, S
Namikawa, T
Naruse, M
Natsume, K
Nishibori, T
Nishijo, K
Nishino, H
Nitta, T
Noda, A
Noguchi, T
Ogawa, H
Oguri, S
Ohta, I
Otani, C
Okada, N
Okamoto, A
Okamoto, A
Okamura, T
Rebeiz, G
Richards, P
Sakai, S
Sato, N
Sato, Y
Segawa, Y
Sekiguchi, S
Sekimoto, Y
Sekine, M
Seljak, U
Sherwin, B
Shinozaki, K
Shu, S
Stompor, R
Sugai, H
Sugita, H
Suzuki, T
Suzuki, A
Tajima, O
Takada, S
Takakura, S
Takano, K
Takei, Y
Tomaru, T
Tomita, N
Turin, P
Utsunomiya, S
Uzawa, Y
Wada, T
Watanabe, H
Westbrook, B
Whitehorn, N
Yamada, Y
Yamasaki, N
Yamashita, T
Yoshida, M
Yoshida, T
Yotsumoto, Y
AF Matsumura, T.
Akiba, Y.
Arnold, K.
Borrill, J.
Chendra, R.
Chinone, Y.
Cukierman, A.
de Haan, T.
Dobbs, M.
Dominjon, A.
Elleflot, T.
Errard, J.
Fujino, T.
Fuke, H.
Goeckner-wald, N.
Halverson, N.
Harvey, P.
Hasegawa, M.
Hattori, K.
Hattori, M.
Hazumi, M.
Hill, C.
Hilton, G.
Holzapfel, W.
Hori, Y.
Hubmayr, J.
Ichiki, K.
Inatani, J.
Inoue, M.
Inoue, Y.
Irie, F.
Irwin, K.
Ishino, H.
Ishitsuka, H.
Jeong, O.
Karatsu, K.
Kashima, S.
Katayama, N.
Kawano, I.
Keating, B.
Kibayashi, A.
Kibe, Y.
Kida, Y.
Kimura, K.
Kimura, N.
Kohri, K.
Komatsu, E.
Kuo, C. L.
Kuromiya, S.
Kusaka, A.
Lee, A.
Linder, E.
Matsuhara, H.
Matsuoka, S.
Matsuura, S.
Mima, S.
Mitsuda, K.
Mizukami, K.
Morii, H.
Morishima, T.
Nagai, M.
Nagasaki, T.
Nagata, R.
Nakajima, M.
Nakamura, S.
Namikawa, T.
Naruse, M.
Natsume, K.
Nishibori, T.
Nishijo, K.
Nishino, H.
Nitta, T.
Noda, A.
Noguchi, T.
Ogawa, H.
Oguri, S.
Ohta, I. S.
Otani, C.
Okada, N.
Okamoto, A.
Okamoto, A.
Okamura, T.
Rebeiz, G.
Richards, P.
Sakai, S.
Sato, N.
Sato, Y.
Segawa, Y.
Sekiguchi, S.
Sekimoto, Y.
Sekine, M.
Seljak, U.
Sherwin, B.
Shinozaki, K.
Shu, S.
Stompor, R.
Sugai, H.
Sugita, H.
Suzuki, T.
Suzuki, A.
Tajima, O.
Takada, S.
Takakura, S.
Takano, K.
Takei, Y.
Tomaru, T.
Tomita, N.
Turin, P.
Utsunomiya, S.
Uzawa, Y.
Wada, T.
Watanabe, H.
Westbrook, B.
Whitehorn, N.
Yamada, Y.
Yamasaki, N.
Yamashita, T.
Yoshida, M.
Yoshida, T.
Yotsumoto, Y.
TI LiteBIRD: Mission Overview and Focal Plane Layout
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Inflation; CMB; Polarization; Primordial B-mode; TES bolometer; MKID;
Satellite
ID POLARIMETERS
AB LiteBIRD is a proposed CMB polarization satellite project to probe the inflationary B-mode signal. The satellite is designed to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio with a 68 % confidence level uncertainty of , including statistical, instrumental systematic, and foreground uncertainties. LiteBIRD will observe the full sky from the second Lagrange point for 3 years. We have a focal plane layout for observing frequency coverage that spans 40-402 GHz to characterize the galactic foregrounds. We have two detector candidates, transition-edge sensor bolometers and microwave kinetic inductance detectors. In both cases, a telecentric focal plane consists of approximately superconducting detectors. We will present the mission overview of LiteBIRD, the project status, and the TES focal plane layout.
C1 [Matsumura, T.; Fuke, H.; Kawano, I.; Matsuhara, H.; Mitsuda, K.; Nishibori, T.; Nishijo, K.; Noda, A.; Okamoto, A.; Sakai, S.; Sato, Y.; Shinozaki, K.; Sugita, H.; Takei, Y.; Utsunomiya, S.; Wada, T.; Yamasaki, N.; Yoshida, T.; Yotsumoto, Y.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan.
[Stompor, R.] Lab Astroparticule & Cosmol APC, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
[Halverson, N.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Karatsu, K.] Delft Univ Technol, Delft, Netherlands.
[Hasegawa, M.; Hazumi, M.; Kimura, K.; Kohri, K.; Morii, H.; Nagasaki, T.; Nagata, R.; Nishino, H.; Oguri, S.; Okamura, T.; Sato, N.; Suzuki, T.; Tajima, O.; Tomaru, T.; Yoshida, M.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Matsuura, S.] Kansei Gakuin Univ, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
[Hattori, K.; Hazumi, M.; Katayama, N.; Sugai, H.] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe WPI, Chiba, Japan.
[Ohta, I. S.] Konan Univ, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
[Dobbs, M.] McGill Univ, Canadian Inst Adv Res, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Komatsu, E.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Garching, Germany.
[Ichiki, K.] Nagoya Univ, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
[Dominjon, A.; Inatani, J.; Kashima, S.; Noguchi, T.; Sekiguchi, S.; Sekimoto, Y.; Sekine, M.; Shu, S.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo, Japan.
[Takada, S.] Natl Inst Fus Sci, Gifu, Japan.
[Uzawa, Y.] Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol NICT, Tokyo, Japan.
[Hilton, G.; Hubmayr, J.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Ishino, H.; Kibayashi, A.; Kibe, Y.; Kida, Y.; Okamoto, A.; Yamada, Y.] Okayama Univ, Okayama, Japan.
[Inoue, M.; Kimura, N.; Ogawa, H.; Okada, N.] Osaka Prefecture Univ, Sakai, Osaka, Japan.
[Kuromiya, S.; Nakajima, M.; Takakura, S.; Takano, K.] Osaka Univ, Osaka, Japan.
[Mima, S.; Otani, C.] RIKEN, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
[Naruse, M.] Saitama Univ, Saitama, Japan.
[Errard, J.] Univ Paris 04, ILP, Paris, France.
[Irwin, K.; Kuo, C. L.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Akiba, Y.; Inoue, Y.; Ishitsuka, H.; Segawa, Y.; Watanabe, H.] Grad Univ Adv Studies SOKENDAI, Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan.
[Hattori, M.; Morishima, T.; Namikawa, T.] Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
[Chendra, R.; Matsuoka, S.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Tokyo, Japan.
[Borrill, J.; Chinone, Y.; Cukierman, A.; de Haan, T.; Goeckner-wald, N.; Harvey, P.; Hill, C.; Holzapfel, W.; Hori, Y.; Jeong, O.; Lee, A.; Rebeiz, G.; Richards, P.; Suzuki, A.; Turin, P.; Westbrook, B.; Whitehorn, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Elleflot, T.; Keating, B.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Matsumura, T (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan.
EM tmatsumu@astro.isas.jaxa.jp
RI Yamasaki, Noriko/C-2252-2008; Ishino, Hirokazu/C-1994-2015; Otani,
Chiko/A-6510-2016; Nakajima, Makoto/A-1333-2016;
OI Ishino, Hirokazu/0000-0002-8623-4080; Nakajima,
Makoto/0000-0002-0351-2197; Namikawa, Toshiya/0000-0003-3070-9240
FU JSPS Core-to-Core Program, A. Advanced Research Networks; JSPS KAKENHI
[15H05441]; MEXT KAKENHI [15H05891]; ISAS strategic development fund
from the steering committee for space science; Canadian Space Agency
FX This work was supported by JSPS Core-to-Core Program, A. Advanced
Research Networks, JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 15H05441, MEXT KAKENHI
Grant Number 15H05891, and the ISAS strategic development fund from the
steering committee for space science. The McGill authors acknowledge
funding from the Canadian Space Agency.
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 4
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 824
EP 831
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1542-8
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700046
ER
PT J
AU Orlando, A
Biasotti, M
Ceriale, V
De Gerone, M
Gatti, F
Hays-Wehle, J
Pizzigoni, G
Schmidt, D
Swetz, D
Ullom, J
AF Orlando, A.
Biasotti, M.
Ceriale, V.
De Gerone, M.
Gatti, F.
Hays-Wehle, J.
Pizzigoni, G.
Schmidt, D.
Swetz, D.
Ullom, J.
TI Transition-Edge Sensor Arrays of Microcalorimeters with Ho for Direct
Neutrino Mass Measurements with HOLMES
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutrino mass; Microcalorimeters; TES; Arrays
AB The HOLMES experiment will provide an important step forward in direct neutrino mass measurements with a calorimetric approach as an alternative to spectrometry. HOLMES will perform a calorimetric measurement of the energy released in the decay of Ho and will deploy a large array of transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters with implanted Ho nuclei. The resulting mass sensitivity could be as low as 0.4 eV, and it will also establish the potential of this approach to extend the sensitivity down to 0.1 eV and lower.
C1 [Orlando, A.; Ceriale, V.; De Gerone, M.; Gatti, F.] INFN Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
[Biasotti, M.; Gatti, F.; Pizzigoni, G.] Univ Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
[Hays-Wehle, J.; Schmidt, D.; Swetz, D.; Ullom, J.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Orlando, A (reprint author), INFN Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
EM angiola.orlando@ge.infn.it
RI Biasotti, Michele/C-7890-2017;
OI Biasotti, Michele/0000-0002-7241-8479; Orlando,
Angiola/0000-0001-8004-5054; De Gerone, Matteo/0000-0002-5489-6581
FU European Research Council under the European Union/ERC [340321]
FX The HOLMES experiment is funded by the European Research Council under
the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC
Grant Agreement No: 340321. We also acknowledge support from the NIST
Innovations in Measurement Science program for the TES detector
development.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 892
EP 896
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1460-1
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700056
ER
PT J
AU Faverzani, M
Alpert, B
Backer, D
Bennet, D
Biasotti, M
Brofferio, C
Ceriale, V
Ceruti, G
Corsini, D
Day, PK
De Gerone, M
Dressler, R
Ferri, E
Fowler, J
Fumagalli, E
Gard, J
Gatti, F
Giachero, A
Hays-Wehle, J
Heinitz, S
Hilton, G
Koster, U
Lusignoli, M
Maino, M
Mates, J
Nisi, S
Nizzolo, R
Nucciotti, A
Orlando, A
Parodi, L
Pessina, G
Pizzigoni, G
Puiu, A
Ragazzi, S
Reintsema, C
Ribeiro-Gomez, M
Schmidt, D
Schuman, D
Siccardi, F
Sisti, M
Swetz, D
Terranova, F
Ullom, J
Vale, L
AF Faverzani, M.
Alpert, B.
Backer, D.
Bennet, D.
Biasotti, M.
Brofferio, C.
Ceriale, V.
Ceruti, G.
Corsini, D.
Day, P. K.
De Gerone, M.
Dressler, R.
Ferri, E.
Fowler, J.
Fumagalli, E.
Gard, J.
Gatti, F.
Giachero, A.
Hays-Wehle, J.
Heinitz, S.
Hilton, G.
Koster, U.
Lusignoli, M.
Maino, M.
Mates, J.
Nisi, S.
Nizzolo, R.
Nucciotti, A.
Orlando, A.
Parodi, L.
Pessina, G.
Pizzigoni, G.
Puiu, A.
Ragazzi, S.
Reintsema, C.
Ribeiro-Gomez, M.
Schmidt, D.
Schuman, D.
Siccardi, F.
Sisti, M.
Swetz, D.
Terranova, F.
Ullom, J.
Vale, L.
TI The HOLMES Experiment
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutrino mass measurement; Electron capture; Holmium; Transition edge
sensors
ID ELECTRON NEUTRINO MASS; CAPTURE; HO-163
AB The determination of the neutrino mass is an open issue in modern particle physics and astrophysics. The direct mass measurement is the only theory-unrelated experimental tool capable to probe such quantity. The HOLMES experiment will measure the end-point energy of the electron capture decay of Ho, aiming at a statistical sensitivity on the neutrino mass around 1 eV/c. In order to acquire the large needed statistics by keeping the pile-up contribution as low as possible, 1000 transition edge sensors will be readout simultaneously with the frequency domain readout, a multiplexing technique where the multiplex factor is only limited by the bandwidth of the available commercial fast digitizers. We outline here the HOLMES project with its technical challenges, and its status and perspectives.
C1 [Alpert, B.; Backer, D.; Bennet, D.; Fowler, J.; Gard, J.; Hays-Wehle, J.; Hilton, G.; Mates, J.; Reintsema, C.; Schmidt, D.; Schuman, D.; Swetz, D.; Ullom, J.; Vale, L.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Biasotti, M.; Ceriale, V.; Corsini, D.; De Gerone, M.; Fumagalli, E.; Gatti, F.; Orlando, A.; Parodi, L.; Pizzigoni, G.; Siccardi, F.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy.
[Biasotti, M.; Ceriale, V.; Corsini, D.; De Gerone, M.; Fumagalli, E.; Gatti, F.; Orlando, A.; Parodi, L.; Pizzigoni, G.; Siccardi, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nuc, Sez Genova, Genoa, Italy.
[Faverzani, M.; Brofferio, C.; Ferri, E.; Nizzolo, R.; Nucciotti, A.; Puiu, A.; Ragazzi, S.; Sisti, M.; Terranova, F.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy.
[Faverzani, M.; Brofferio, C.; Ceruti, G.; Ferri, E.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Nizzolo, R.; Nucciotti, A.; Pessina, G.; Puiu, A.; Ragazzi, S.; Sisti, M.; Terranova, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
[Day, P. K.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Dressler, R.; Heinitz, S.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
[Koster, U.] Inst Laue Langeving, Grenoble, France.
[Lusignoli, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, Rome, Italy.
[Nisi, S.] INFN, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Assergi, AQ, Italy.
[Ribeiro-Gomez, M.] Univ Lisbon, Multidisciplinary Ctr Astrophys CENTRA IST, Lisbon, Portugal.
RP Nucciotti, A (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy.; Nucciotti, A (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
EM angelo.nucciotti@mib.infn.it
RI Ferri, Elena/L-8531-2014; Biasotti, Michele/C-7890-2017; Giachero,
Andrea/I-1081-2013;
OI Ferri, Elena/0000-0003-1425-3669; Biasotti, Michele/0000-0002-7241-8479;
Giachero, Andrea/0000-0003-0493-695X; De Gerone,
Matteo/0000-0002-5489-6581; Pessina, Gianluigi Ezio/0000-0003-3700-9757
FU European Research Council under the European Union/ERC [340321]; INFN;
Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [PTDC/FIS/116719/2010]
FX The HOLMES experiment is funded by the European Research Council under
the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant
Agreement no. 340321. We also acknowledge support from INFN for the MARE
project, from the NIST Innovations in Measurement Science program for
the TES detector development, and from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a
Tecnologia (PTDC/FIS/116719/2010) for providing the enriched
Er2O3 used in preliminary 163Ho
production by means of neutron irradiation.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 922
EP 929
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1540-x
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700060
ER
PT J
AU Tatsuno, H
Doriese, WB
Bennett, DA
Curceanu, C
Fowler, JW
Gard, J
Gustafsson, FP
Hashimoto, T
Hayano, RS
Hays-Wehle, JP
Hilton, GC
Iliescu, M
Ishimoto, S
Itahashi, K
Iwasaki, M
Kuwabara, K
Ma, Y
Marton, J
Noda, H
O'Neil, GC
Okada, S
Outa, H
Reintsema, CD
Sato, M
Schmidt, DR
Shi, H
Suzuki, K
Suzuki, T
Uhlig, J
Ullom, JN
Widmann, E
Yamada, S
Zmeskal, J
Swetz, DS
AF Tatsuno, H.
Doriese, W. B.
Bennett, D. A.
Curceanu, C.
Fowler, J. W.
Gard, J.
Gustafsson, F. P.
Hashimoto, T.
Hayano, R. S.
Hays-Wehle, J. P.
Hilton, G. C.
Iliescu, M.
Ishimoto, S.
Itahashi, K.
Iwasaki, M.
Kuwabara, K.
Ma, Y.
Marton, J.
Noda, H.
O'Neil, G. C.
Okada, S.
Outa, H.
Reintsema, C. D.
Sato, M.
Schmidt, D. R.
Shi, H.
Suzuki, K.
Suzuki, T.
Uhlig, J.
Ullom, J. N.
Widmann, E.
Yamada, S.
Zmeskal, J.
Swetz, D. S.
TI Absolute Energy Calibration of X-ray TESs with 0.04 eV Uncertainty at
6.4 keV in a Hadron-Beam Environment
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Transition-edge sensor; Hadronic atom; X-ray spectroscopy; X-ray energy
calibration; X-ray response; Low-energy tail
ID RESOLUTION; PHYSICS; SYSTEM; ATOMS
AB A performance evaluation of superconducting transition-edge sensors (TESs) in the environment of a pion beam line at a particle accelerator is presented. Averaged across the 209 functioning sensors in the array, the achieved energy resolution is 5.2 eV FWHM at Co (6.9 keV) when the pion beam is off and 7.3 eV at a beam rate of 1.45 MHz. Absolute energy uncertainty of 0.04 eV is demonstrated for Fe (6.4 keV) with in-situ energy calibration obtained from other nearby known X-ray lines. To achieve this small uncertainty, it is essential to consider the non-Gaussian energy response of the TESs and thermal cross-talk pile-up effects due to charged particle hits in the silicon substrate of the TES array.
C1 [Tatsuno, H.; Ishimoto, S.] KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
[Doriese, W. B.; Bennett, D. A.; Fowler, J. W.; Gard, J.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Hilton, G. C.; O'Neil, G. C.; Reintsema, C. D.; Schmidt, D. R.; Ullom, J. N.; Swetz, D. S.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Curceanu, C.; Iliescu, M.; Shi, H.] INFN, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
[Gustafsson, F. P.; Uhlig, J.] Lund Univ, Dept Chem Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Hashimoto, T.; Itahashi, K.; Iwasaki, M.; Ma, Y.; Noda, H.; Okada, S.; Outa, H.; Sato, M.] RIKEN, RIKEN Nishina Ctr, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
[Hayano, R. S.; Suzuki, T.] Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Kuwabara, K.; Yamada, S.] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1920397, Japan.
[Marton, J.; Suzuki, K.; Widmann, E.; Zmeskal, J.] Stefan Meyer Inst Subatomare Phys, Vienna, Austria.
RP Tatsuno, H (reprint author), KEK, High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
EM hideyuki.tatsuno@gmail.com
RI Widmann, Eberhard/G-2545-2011; Iwasaki, Masahiko/M-8433-2014; Hayano,
Ryugo/F-7889-2012; Marton, Johann/H-2668-2012
OI Widmann, Eberhard/0000-0003-0486-6023; Iwasaki,
Masahiko/0000-0002-3460-9469; Hayano, Ryugo/0000-0002-1214-7806; Marton,
Johann/0000-0001-5139-7720
FU MEXT; JSPS [25105514, 26707014, 24105003, 15H05438, R2509]; NIST
Innovations in Measurement Science Program
FX We thank K. Deiters and the PSI staff for the support and the beam-line
coordination and operation. We thank as well the members in the NIST
Quantum Sensors Project for the efforts and discussions to realize this
challenging application. This work was partly supported by the
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from MEXT and JSPS (Nos. 25105514,
26707014, 24105003, and 15H05438), the strategic young researcher
overseas visits program for accelerating brain circulation by JSPS (No.
R2509), and the NIST Innovations in Measurement Science Program.
Submission of an agency of the U.S. Government; not subject to
copyright.
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 930
EP 937
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1491-2
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700061
ER
PT J
AU Croce, MP
Hoover, AS
Rabin, MW
Bond, EM
Wolfsberg, LE
Schmidt, DR
Ullom, JN
AF Croce, M. P.
Hoover, A. S.
Rabin, M. W.
Bond, E. M.
Wolfsberg, L. E.
Schmidt, D. R.
Ullom, J. N.
TI Quantitative Analysis of Plutonium Content in Particles Collected from a
Certified Reference Material by Total Nuclear Reaction Energy (Q Value)
Spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Microcalorimeter Q value spectroscopy; Plutonium particles
ID DETECTORS
AB Microcalorimeters with embedded radioisotopes are an emerging category of sensor with advantages over existing methods for isotopic analysis of trace-level nuclear materials. For each nuclear decay, the energy of all decay products captured by the absorber (alpha particles, gamma rays, X-rays, electrons, daughter nuclei, etc.) is measured in one pulse. For alpha-decaying isotopes, this gives a measurement of the total nuclear reaction energy (Q value) and the spectra consist of well-separated, narrow peaks. We have demonstrated a simple mechanical alloying process to create an absorber structure consisting of a gold matrix with small inclusions of a radioactive sample. This absorber structure provides an optimized energy thermalization environment, resulting in high-resolution spectra with minimal tailing. We have applied this process to the analysis of particles collected from the surface of a plutonium metal certified reference material (CRM-126A from New Brunswick Laboratory) and demonstrated isotopic analysis by microcalorimeter Q value spectroscopy. Energy resolution from the Gaussian component of a Bortels function fit was 1.3 keV FWHM at 5244 keV. The collected particles were integrated directly into the detector absorber without any chemical processing. The Pu/Pu and Pu/Pu mass ratios were measured and the results confirmed against the certificate of analysis for the reference material. We also demonstrated inter-element analysis capability by measuring the Am/Pu mass ratio.
C1 [Croce, M. P.; Hoover, A. S.; Rabin, M. W.; Bond, E. M.; Wolfsberg, L. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Schmidt, D. R.; Ullom, J. N.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Croce, MP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
EM mpcroce@lanl.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Agency, Office of
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation
FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the U.S. Department of Energy,
National Nuclear Security Agency, Office of Defense Nuclear
Nonproliferation.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 4
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 938
EP 943
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1595-8
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700062
ER
PT J
AU Croce, MP
Rabin, MW
Mocko, V
Kunde, GJ
Birnbaum, ER
Bond, EM
Engle, JW
Hoover, AS
Nortier, FM
Pollington, AD
Taylor, WA
Weisse-Bernstein, NR
Wolfsberg, LE
Hays-Wehle, JP
Schmidt, DR
Swetz, DS
Ullom, JN
Barnhart, TE
Nickles, RJ
AF Croce, M. P.
Rabin, M. W.
Mocko, V.
Kunde, G. J.
Birnbaum, E. R.
Bond, E. M.
Engle, J. W.
Hoover, A. S.
Nortier, F. M.
Pollington, A. D.
Taylor, W. A.
Weisse-Bernstein, N. R.
Wolfsberg, L. E.
Hays-Wehle, J. P.
Schmidt, D. R.
Swetz, D. S.
Ullom, J. N.
Barnhart, T. E.
Nickles, R. J.
TI Development of Holmium-163 Electron-Capture Spectroscopy with
Transition-Edge Sensors
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutrino mass; Electron-capture spectroscopy; Holmium-163
ID NEUTRINO MASS MEASUREMENTS; MICROCALORIMETER DETECTORS; DECAY
AB Calorimetric decay energy spectroscopy of electron-capture-decaying isotopes is a promising method to achieve the sensitivity required for electron neutrino mass measurement. The very low total nuclear decay energy 3 keV) and short half-life (4570 years) of Ho make it attractive for high-precision electron-capture spectroscopy (ECS) near the kinematic endpoint, where the neutrino momentum goes to zero. In the ECS approach, an electron-capture-decaying isotope is embedded inside a microcalorimeter designed to capture and measure the energy of all the decay radiation except that of the escaping neutrino. We have developed a complete process for proton irradiation-based isotope production, isolation, and purification of Ho. We have developed transition-edge sensors for this measurement and methods for incorporating Ho into high-resolution microcalorimeters, and have measured the electron-capture spectrum of Ho. We present our work in these areas and discuss the measured spectrum and its comparison to current theory.
C1 [Croce, M. P.; Rabin, M. W.; Mocko, V.; Kunde, G. J.; Birnbaum, E. R.; Bond, E. M.; Engle, J. W.; Hoover, A. S.; Nortier, F. M.; Pollington, A. D.; Taylor, W. A.; Weisse-Bernstein, N. R.; Wolfsberg, L. E.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Schmidt, D. R.; Swetz, D. S.; Ullom, J. N.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Barnhart, T. E.; Nickles, R. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
RP Croce, MP (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
EM mpcroce@lanl.gov
OI Pollington, Anthony/0000-0002-0678-9271; Nortier,
Francois/0000-0002-7549-8101; Mocko, Veronika/0000-0001-6041-6778
FU Laboratory-Directed R&D Program of Los Alamos National Laboratory; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Nuclear Physics, Isotope
Program; Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science
User Facility
FX We gratefully acknowledge support of the Laboratory-Directed R&D Program
of Los Alamos National Laboratory; the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Nuclear Physics, Isotope Program; and the Center for
Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility. We
thank M. Caro and J. K. Baldwin for assistance in fabrication of
nanoporous gold, and A. Faessler and A. De Rujula for discussion of ECS
theory.
NR 21
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U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 3-4
BP 958
EP 968
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1451-2
PG 11
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DQ2HF
UT WOS:000379022700065
ER
PT J
AU Schaefer, AM
Reif, JS
Guzman, EA
Bossart, GD
Ottuso, P
Snyder, J
Medalie, N
Rosato, R
Han, S
Fair, PA
McCarthy, PJ
AF Schaefer, Adam M.
Reif, John S.
Guzman, Esther A.
Bossart, Gregory D.
Ottuso, Patrick
Snyder, Joseph
Medalie, Neil
Rosato, Ralph
Han, Sushan
Fair, Patricia A.
McCarthy, Peter J.
TI Toward the identification, characterization and experimental culture of
Lacazia loboi from Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lobomycosis; Lacazia loboi; bottlenose dolphin
ID SKIN-LESIONS; LOBOMYCOSIS; DISEASE; HUMANS; CELLS; MICE
AB Lobomycosis (lacaziosis) is a chronic, granulomatous, fungal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues of humans and dolphins. To date, the causative agent, the yeast-like organism Lacazia loboi, has not been grown in the laboratory, and there have been no recent reports describing attempts to culture the organism. As a result, studies on the efficacy of therapeutics and potential environmental reservoirs have not been conducted. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to utilize both classical and novel microbiological methods in order to stimulate growth of Lacazia cells collected from dolphin lesions. This included the experimental inoculation of novel media, cell culture, and the use of artificial skin matrices. Although unsuccessful, the methods and results of this study provide important insight into new approaches that could be utilized in future investigations of this elusive organism.
C1 [Schaefer, Adam M.; Guzman, Esther A.; McCarthy, Peter J.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Oceanog Inst, Harbor Branch, Ft Pierce, FL 33431 USA.
[Reif, John S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Bossart, Gregory D.] Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Ottuso, Patrick] Vero Beach Dermatol, Vero Beach, FL USA.
[Snyder, Joseph] Biomet Biol, Vero Beach, FL USA.
[Medalie, Neil] Pathol Associates Indian River, Vero Beach, FL USA.
[Rosato, Ralph] Florida State Univ, Coll Med, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Rosato, Ralph] Cleveland Clin Fdn, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
[Han, Sushan] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Fair, Patricia A.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, NOS, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Schaefer, AM (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Oceanog Inst, Harbor Branch, Ft Pierce, FL 33431 USA.
EM aschaef3@fau.edu
RI Guzman, Esther/C-9049-2013
FU Florida's Protect Wild Dolphins specialty license plate fund through the
Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution Foundation; Florida Atlantic
University
FX Supported in part by Florida's Protect Wild Dolphins specialty license
plate fund, through the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution
Foundation and Florida Atlantic University. The authors thank the
veterinarians and support staff who participated in the HERA project.
Dolphin epidermal cells were utilized under PermitNo. 16305-00 held by
Dr. John Wise. Special thanks to Shawn Frederick and Organogenesis for
the donation of skin matrix. We thank Dedra Harmody for technical
assistance.
NR 29
TC 1
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U1 4
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1369-3786
EI 1460-2709
J9 MED MYCOL
JI Med. Mycol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 6
BP 659
EP 665
DI 10.1093/mmy/myw011
PG 7
WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences
GA DQ5HM
UT WOS:000379235900013
PM 27118803
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, FQ
Li, W
Mann, ME
AF Zhang, Fuqing
Li, Wei
Mann, Michael E.
TI Scale-dependent regional climate predictability over North America
inferred from CMIP3 and CMIP5 ensemble simulations
SO ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE regional climate predictability; CMIP5 ensemble; North America climate
change
ID SURFACE AIR-TEMPERATURE; PROJECTIONS; RAINFALL; MODELS; CHINA
AB Through the analysis of ensembles of coupled model simulations and projections collected from CMIP3 and CMIP5, we demonstrate that a fundamental spatial scale limit might exist below which useful additional refinement of climate model predictions and projections may not be possible. That limit varies among climate variables and from region to region. We show that the uncertainty (noise) in surface temperature predictions (represented by the spread among an ensemble of global climate model simulations) generally exceeds the ensemble mean (signal) at horizontal scales below 1000 km throughout North America, implying poor predictability at those scales. More limited skill is shown for the predictability of regional precipitation. The ensemble spread in this case tends to exceed or equal the ensemble mean for scales below 2000 km. These findings highlight the challenges in predicting regionally specific future climate anomalies, especially for hydroclimatic impacts such as drought and wetness.
C1 [Zhang, Fuqing; Li, Wei; Mann, Michael E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 503 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Zhang, Fuqing; Li, Wei; Mann, Michael E.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Adv Data Assimilat & Predictabil Tech, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Li, Wei] NOAA, IMSG, NWS, NCEP,Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Zhang, FQ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 503 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Zhang, FQ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Ctr Adv Data Assimilat & Predictabil Tech, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM fzhang@psu.edu
RI Zhang, Fuqing/E-6522-2010; Mann, Michael/B-8472-2017
OI Zhang, Fuqing/0000-0003-4860-9985; Mann, Michael/0000-0003-3067-296X
FU NSF [AGS-1305798]; ONR [N000140910526]
FX We thank the Hadley Centre and Climate Research Unit for the HadCRUT4
data and NOAA for the GPCC precipitation data. We thank CMIP and the
climate modeling groups for the CMIP3/5 model output. The CMIP3/5 data
used can be freely obtained from
http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/data_portal.html. The comments from two
anonymous reviewers were beneficial. This study was partially supported
by the NSF (Grant No. AGS-1305798) and the ONR (Grant No.
N000140910526).
NR 20
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U1 3
U2 10
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 0256-1530
EI 1861-9533
J9 ADV ATMOS SCI
JI Adv. Atmos. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 8
BP 905
EP 918
DI 10.1007/s00376-016-6013-2
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DP9JR
UT WOS:000378813000001
ER
PT J
AU Grafeld, S
Oleson, K
Barnes, M
Peng, M
Chan, C
Weijerman, M
AF Grafeld, Shanna
Oleson, Kirsten
Barnes, Michele
Peng, Marcus
Chan, Catherine
Weijerman, Mariska
TI Divers' willingness to pay for improved coral reef conditions in Guam:
An untapped source of funding for management and conservation?
SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coral reefs; Sharks; Guam; Ecosystem-based management; Tourism
ID DISCRETE-CHOICE EXPERIMENTS; STATED PREFERENCE METHODS; MARINE PROTECTED
AREAS; ENVIRONMENTAL VALUATION; SCUBA-DIVERS; CONTINGENT VALUATION;
CONSUMER-BEHAVIOR; MIXED-METHODS; FLORIDA-KEYS; VALUES
AB Coral reefs are increasingly threatened despite being essential to coastal and island economies, particularly in the Pacific. The diving industry relies on healthy reefs and can be positively and/or negatively impacted by ecological change. Quantifying divers' ecological preferences that influence economic outcomes can help inform managers and justify conservation. Utilizing non-market valuation, we assess SCUBA divers' preferences for ecological attributes of coral reef ecosystems in Guam, estimate WTP for coastal and watershed management, and investigate drivers influencing preferences. A discrete choice experiment grounded in ecosystem modeling reveals divers prefer reefs with greater ecological health (higher fish biomass, diversity, and charismatic species). Individuals with stronger environmental values expressed stronger ecological preferences. Fish biomass improvement from low (<25 g/m(2)) to high (>60 g/m(2)) was worth >$2 million/year. The presence of sharks and turtles together was the preeminent attribute, worth $15-20 million/year. Divers are willing to voluntarily contribute ($900thousand) towards watershed sediment-reduction projects that could benefit divers by improving reef conditions. Few policies are in place worldwide collecting fees from divers for coral reef management, and none in Guam. Our results suggest that understanding divers' preferences and the drivers behind them may assist managers in designing policies that capture divers WTP and create partners in conservation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Grafeld, Shanna; Oleson, Kirsten; Barnes, Michele; Peng, Marcus; Chan, Catherine] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, 1910 East West Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Barnes, Michele] James Cook Univ, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Coral Reef, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Barnes, Michele] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Weijerman, Mariska] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Wasp Blvd Bldg 176,Mail Rm 2247, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Weijerman, Mariska] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, 1000 Pope Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Grafeld, S (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, 1910 East West Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM grafeld@hawaii.edu
OI Peng, Marcus/0000-0001-8770-6695
FU NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program [817]; National Science
Foundation Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences Postdoctoral
Research Fellowship [SMA-1513314]
FX Funding for SG and MW was provided by NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation
Program Grant #817: Habitat Blueprint: an integrated coral reef
ecosystem model to support adaptive management and decision making in
Guam. MB was supported by National Science Foundation Social,
Behavioral, and Economic Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Grant
# SMA-1513314.
NR 108
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Z9 0
U1 18
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-8009
EI 1873-6106
J9 ECOL ECON
JI Ecol. Econ.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 128
BP 202
EP 213
DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.05.005
PG 12
WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics
GA DP7HL
UT WOS:000378669700021
ER
PT J
AU DiBattista, JD
Whitney, J
Craig, MT
Hobbs, JPA
Rocha, LA
Feldheim, KA
Berumen, ML
Bowen, BW
AF DiBattista, Joseph D.
Whitney, Jonathan
Craig, Matthew T.
Hobbs, Jean-Paul A.
Rocha, Luiz A.
Feldheim, Kevin A.
Berumen, Michael L.
Bowen, Brian W.
TI Surgeons and suture zones: Hybridization among four surgeonfish species
in the Indo-Pacific with variable evolutionary outcomes
SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Acanthuridae; Coral reef fish; Introgression; Reverse speciation;
Species complex
ID CORAL-REEF FISHES; ADAPTIVE RADIATION; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA;
POPULATION-GROWTH; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; ISOLATED ISLANDS; FAMILY LABRIDAE;
INDIAN-OCEAN; SPECIATION; BUTTERFLYFISHES
AB Closely related species can provide valuable insights into evolutionary processes through comparison of their ecology, geographic distribution and the history recorded in their genomes. In the Indo-Pacific, many reef fishes are divided into sister species that come into secondary contact at biogeographic borders, most prominently where Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean faunas meet. It is unclear whether hybridization in this contact zone represents incomplete speciation, secondary contact, an evolutionary dead-end (for hybrids) or some combination of the above. To address these issues, we conducted comprehensive surveys of two widely-distributed surgeonfish species, Acanthurus leucosternon (N = 141) and A. nigricans (N = 412), with mtDNA cytochrome b sequences and ten microsatellite loci. These surgeon fishes are found primarily in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, respectively, but overlap at the Christmas and Cocos-Keeling Islands hybrid zone in the eastern Indian Ocean. We also sampled the two other Pacific members of this species complex, A. achilles (N = 54) and A. japonicas (N = 49), which are known to hybridize with A. nigricans where their ranges overlap. Our results indicate separation between the four species that range from the recent Pleistocene to late Pliocene (235,000-2.25 million years ago). The Pacific A. achilles is the most divergent (and possibly ancestral) species with mtDNA d(corr) approximate to 0.04, whereas the other two Pacific species (A. japonicas and A. nigricans) are distinguishable only at a population or subspecies level (Phi(ST) = 0.6533, P < 0.001). Little population structure was observed within species, with evidence of recent population expansion across all four geographic ranges. We detected sharing of mtDNA haplotypes between species and extensive hybridization based on microsatellites, consistent with later generation hybrids but also the effects of allele homoplasy. Despite extensive introgression, 98% of specimens had concordance between mtDNA lineage and species identification based on external morphology, indicating that species integrity may not be eroding. The A. nigricans complex demonstrates a range of outcomes from incomplete speciation to secondary contact to decreasing hybridization with increasing evolutionary depth. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [DiBattista, Joseph D.; Hobbs, Jean-Paul A.] Curtin Univ, Dept Environm & Agr, POB U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
[DiBattista, Joseph D.; Berumen, Michael L.] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Div Biol & Environm Sci & Engn, Red Sea Res Ctr, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
[Whitney, Jonathan; Bowen, Brian W.] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Craig, Matthew T.] NOAA, Fisheries Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Rocha, Luiz A.] Calif Acad Sci, Sect Ichthyol, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
[Feldheim, Kevin A.] Field Museum, Pritzker Lab Mol Systemat & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
RP DiBattista, JD (reprint author), Curtin Univ, Dept Environm & Agr, POB U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
EM josephdibattista@gmail.com
RI Hobbs, Jean-Paul/I-8743-2012; Berumen, Michael/F-7745-2011
OI Hobbs, Jean-Paul/0000-0003-0331-354X; Berumen,
Michael/0000-0003-2463-2742
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-1558852]; NOAA National Marine
Sanctuaries Program MOA [2005-008/66882]; Seaver Institute, KAUST Office
of Competitive Research Funds [CRG-1-2012-BER-002]; National Geographic
Society [9024-11]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada
FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation grant
OCE-1558852 to BWB, NOAA National Marine Sanctuaries Program MOA No.
2005-008/66882 to R.J. Toonen, Seaver Institute, KAUST Office of
Competitive Research Funds under Award No. CRG-1-2012-BER-002 to MLB,
baseline research funds to MLB, National Geographic Society Grant
9024-11 to JDD and by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada postgraduate fellowship to JDD. For specimen
collections we thank Kim Andersen, Paul Barber, J. Howard Choat, Richard
Coleman, Joshua Copus, Toby Daly-Engel, Joshua Drew, Jeff Eble, Iria
Fernandez-Silva, Kevin Flanagan, Michelle Gaither, Brian Greene, Song
He, Matthew Iacchei, Stephen Karl, Randall Kosaki, Carl Meyer, Yannis
Papastamatiou, David Pence, Mark Priest, Richard Pyle, Joshua Reece, D.
Ross Robertson, Jennifer Schultz, Tane Sinclair-Taylor, Derek Smith,
Zoltan Szabo, Kim Tenggardjaja, Bill Walsh, Ivor Willliams, Zeng Xiaoqi,
Jill Zamzow and the crew of the R.V. Hi'ialakai. For logistic support we
thank Robert Toonen, Randall Kosaki, Serge Planes, Jo-Ann Leong, Charles
Sheppard, Salah Saeed Ahmed, Fouad Naseeb, Thabet Abdullah Khamis, Ahmed
Issa Ali Affrar (Socotra Specialist Tours), Hawaii Department of Land
and Natural Resources, Coral Reef Research Foundation, Papahanaumokuakea
Marine National Monument, the Ocean University of China - College of
Fisheries, Ministry of Water and Environment of Yemen, the Environment
Protection Authority (EPA) Socotra, Administration of the British Indian
Ocean Territory, Western Australia Department of Fisheries, Parks
Australia and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. We thank Tane
Sinclair-Taylor, Keoki Stender, Kenji Sorita and Hiroshi Senou (Kanagawa
Prefectural Museum of Natural History) for providing images. Thanks to
J. Howard Choat and Ben Victor for providing life-history information,
Catherine Cullingham for providing a copy of HYBRIDLAB, Stefano
Montanari for the map figure, Tane Sinclair-Taylor for assistance with
the network figure, members of the ToBo lab for logistic support and the
Center for Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics at the University of
Hawai'i at Manoa for their assistance with genotyping. We also thank
Giacomo Bernardi and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments
on an earlier version of this manuscript. This is contribution no. 1658
from the Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology and no. 9624 from the
School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology.
NR 101
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U1 15
U2 23
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1055-7903
EI 1095-9513
J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL
JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 101
BP 203
EP 215
DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.04.036
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA DP0OC
UT WOS:000378188100017
PM 27143241
ER
PT J
AU Regli, W
Rossignac, J
Shapiro, V
Srinivasan, V
AF Regli, William
Rossignac, Jarek
Shapiro, Vadim
Srinivasan, Vijay
TI The new frontiers in computational modeling of material structures
SO COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
ID FRAMEWORK; INFORMATION; DESIGN
AB We are witnessing the emergence of a new paradigm in the modeling of material structures. It stems from the digitization of manufacturing and is fueled by advances in additive manufacturing and material science. This paper strives to provide a critical examination of this new paradigm in a historical and technological context and to show that it requires non-trivial extensions and generalizations of the classical theoretical foundation and algorithmic solutions originally developed for solid modeling. Specifically, it requires new models and data-intensive representations for materials, physical behavior, and manufacturing processes across multiple scales. In particular, we argue that most computational tasks that support traditional and emerging manufacturing may be formulated systematically and addressed in terms of relations (conversions, synthesis, change propagation updates, verification, and other harmonization activities) among four views (manifestations) of an engineered artifact: Functional, which captures the design constraints and tolerances on shape, properties, and behavior; Designed, which represents a toleranced design that satisfies these constraints; Planned, which defines a manufacturing process plan; Simulated, which models the expected outcome of the process plan; and a Real sample set of physical artifacts produced by executing the process plan on a particular manufacturing technology. Based on this formulation, we outline important directions for a research agenda aimed at enabling, driving, and amplifying further advances in digital design and manufacturing. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Regli, William] Drexel Univ, Coll Comp & Informat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Rossignac, Jarek] Georgia Inst Technol, Coll Comp, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Shapiro, Vadim] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Srinivasan, Vijay] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Regli, William] DARPA, Def Sci Off, Arlington, VA USA.
RP Shapiro, V (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM vadim.shapiro@gmail.com
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-1344205, CMMI-1361862]; National
Institute of Standards and Technology; NSF [CMMI-1361862, OCI-0940841]
FX Vadim Shapiro's research was supported by the National Science
Foundation grants CMMI-1344205 and CMMI-1361862 and National Institute
of Standards and Technology. William Regli's work supported by NSF
grants CMMI-1361862 and OCI-0940841. Several of the images used in this
paper have been provided courtesy of performers on DARPA's Materials
with Controlled Microstructural Architecture (MCMA) and Open
Manufacturing (OM) Program. Others have been provided courtesy of their
creators and publishers. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s)
and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF, DARPA or the other
supporting government and corporate organizations.
NR 51
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0010-4485
EI 1879-2685
J9 COMPUT AIDED DESIGN
JI Comput.-Aided Des.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 77
BP 73
EP 85
DI 10.1016/j.cad.2016.03.002
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA DO5PM
UT WOS:000377835200005
ER
PT J
AU Holm, J
Keller, RR
AF Holm, Jason
Keller, Robert R.
TI Angularly-selective transmission imaging in a scanning electron
microscope
SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Scanning electron microscopy; High-angle annular dark-field; HAADF;
Transmission scanning electron microscopy; t-SEM; SEM; STEM-in-SEM;
Aperture; Transmission detector; Camera length
ID THIN ANNULAR DETECTOR; SCATTERED ELECTRONS; HIGH-RESOLUTION;
BRIGHT-FIELD; STEM; SPECIMENS; CONTRAST; NANOCRYSTALS; CRYSTALS; VOLTAGE
AB This work presents recent advances in transmission scanning electron microscopy (t-SEM) imaging control capabilities. A modular aperture system and a cantilever-style sample holder that enable comprehensive angular selectivity of forward-scattered electrons are described. When combined with a commercially available solid-state transmission detector having only basic bright-field and dark-field imaging capabilities, the advances described here enable numerous transmission imaging modes. Several examples are provided that demonstrate how contrast arising from diffraction to mass-thickness can be obtained. Unanticipated image contrast at some imaging conditions is also observed and addressed. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Holm, Jason; Keller, Robert R.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Holm, J (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jason.holm@nist.gov
NR 40
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3991
EI 1879-2723
J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY
JI Ultramicroscopy
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 167
BP 43
EP 56
DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.05.001
PG 14
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA DO7AD
UT WOS:000377933700006
PM 27179301
ER
PT J
AU Maunder, MN
Crone, PR
Punt, AE
Valero, JL
Semmens, BX
AF Maunder, Mark N.
Crone, Paul R.
Punt, Andre E.
Valero, Juan L.
Semmens, Brice X.
TI Growth: Theory, estimation, and application in fishery stock assessment
models
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Maunder, Mark N.] Interamer Trop Tuna Commiss, Washington, DC USA.
[Maunder, Mark N.; Crone, Paul R.; Valero, Juan L.; Semmens, Brice X.] CAPAM, Washington, DC USA.
[Crone, Paul R.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
[Punt, Andre E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Semmens, Brice X.] Univ Calif San Diego, SIO, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
RP Maunder, MN (reprint author), Interamer Trop Tuna Commiss, Washington, DC USA.; Maunder, MN (reprint author), CAPAM, Washington, DC USA.
NR 1
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U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 180
SI SI
BP 1
EP 3
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.03.005
PG 3
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DM7MF
UT WOS:000376544000001
ER
PT J
AU Thorson, JT
Minte-Vera, CV
AF Thorson, James T.
Minte-Vera, Carolina V.
TI Relative magnitude of cohort, age, and year effects on size at age of
exploited marine fishes
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Time-varying growth; Bayesian hierarchical model; Weight at age; von
Bertlanffy growth function; Condition factor; Growth rate
ID DENSITY-DEPENDENT GROWTH; MULTILEVEL MODELS; BIPHASIC GROWTH; ROCKFISH
GROWTH; RECRUITMENT; PACIFIC; CLIMATE; SALMON; RECOMMENDATIONS;
TEMPERATURE
AB Variation in individual growth rates contributes to changes over time in compensatory population growth and surplus production for marine fishes. However, there is little evidence regarding the prevalence and magnitude of time-varying growth for exploited marine fishes in general, whether it is best approximated using changes in length-at-age or weight-at-length parameters, or how it can be represented parsimoniously. We therefore use a database of average weight in each year and age for 91 marine fish stocks from 25 species, and fit models with random variation in length and weight parameters by year, age, or cohort (birth-year). Results show that year effects are more parsimonious than age or cohort effects and that variation in length and weight parameters provide roughly similar fit to average weight-at-age data, although length parameters show a greater magnitude of variability than weight parameters. Finally, the saturated model can explain nearly 2/3 of total variability, while a single time-varying factor can explain nearly 1/2 of variability in weight-at-age data. We conclude that time-varying growth can often be estimated parsimoniously using a single time-varying factor, either internally or prior to including 'empirical' weight at age in population dynamics models. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Thorson, James T.] NOAA, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Minte-Vera, Carolina V.] Univ Estadual Maringa, Nupelia Res Grp Limnol Ichthyol & Aquiculture, Ave Colombo 5790,Bloco H90, BR-87020900 Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
[Minte-Vera, Carolina V.] Interamer Trop Tuna Commiss, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Thorson, JT (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM james.thorson@noaa.gov
RI Minte-Vera, Carolina/A-5461-2017;
OI Minte-Vera, Carolina/0000-0002-0537-1519; Thorson,
James/0000-0001-7415-1010
FU CAPES-Brazil
FX This research benefitted from discussions with I. Stewart, O. Hamel, J.
Cope, I. Taylor, M. Haltuch, and in particular A. Whitten. We also thank
the many assessment authors and researchers that have maintained a
continuous record of weight-at-age data for marine fish stocks over
time. CM thanks R. Hilborn for guidance and CAPES-Brazil for funding
when compiling the original weight-at-age database used here, and K.
Brander for providing the cod data. Finally, we thank J Ianelli, J.
Hastie, M. McClure, and two anonymous reviewers for comments on an
earlier draft.
NR 49
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U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 180
SI SI
BP 45
EP 53
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2014.11.016
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DM7MF
UT WOS:000376544000005
ER
PT J
AU Webber, DN
Thorson, JT
AF Webber, D'Arcy N.
Thorson, James T.
TI Variation in growth among individuals and over time: A case study and
simulation experiment involving tagged Antarctic toothfish
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Antarctic toothfish; Time-varying growth; Random effect; von Bertalanffy
growth; Individual growth variation; Persistent growth variation;
Transient growth variation
ID VARIABILITY; FISHERY; MODELS; CONSEQUENCES; MANAGEMENT; ECOSYSTEM; ERROR
AB Organisms in the marine environment are likely to exhibit variation in growth rates among individuals, and this variation may be persistent (particular individuals growing faster/slower throughout their entire lifetime) or transient (particular individuals growing faster in one year than another year). Understanding variation in growth is necessary when interpreting data regarding size (length or weight) in population models, or when estimating growth given data for tagged individuals. In this study, we explicitly model persistent and transient variation in growth rates among individuals in a wild marine population of Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) in the Ross Sea, in addition to sex-specific differences in average growth rates. The model is implemented using maximum marginal likelihood estimation and validated using a simulation study. The code is distributed as a publicly available package TagGrowth in the R statistical environment. Using simulated data, we show that we can accurately estimate parameters representing the magnitude of persistent and transient variation in growth rates, and that parameters estimated in these models are reasonably precise given the case study sample sizes (315 individuals tagged and recaptured over 10 years). The case study application suggests that transient variation among individuals accounts for up to half of the total variability in Antarctic toothfish. We conclude by recommending further research to additionally estimate temporal and spatial variation in growth rates. Estimating the relative magnitude of multiple sources of growth variation will improve our ability to assess the sensitivity of existing population models to growth variation, as well as to understand the range of variation exhibited by wild marine populations. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Webber, D'Arcy N.] Quantifish, 1 St Michaels Crescent, Wellington 6012, New Zealand.
[Thorson, James T.] NOAA, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Webber, DN (reprint author), Quantifish, 1 St Michaels Crescent, Wellington 6012, New Zealand.
EM darcy@quantifish.co.nz
OI Thorson, James/0000-0001-7415-1010
NR 38
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U1 4
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 180
SI SI
BP 67
EP 76
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.08.016
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DM7MF
UT WOS:000376544000007
ER
PT J
AU He, X
Field, JC
Pearson, DE
Lefebvre, LS
AF He, Xi
Field, John C.
Pearson, Donald E.
Lefebvre, Lyndsey S.
TI Age sample sizes and their effects on growth estimation and stock
assessment outputs: Three case studies from US West Coast fisheries
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Age data; Stock assessment; Growth estimate; Conditional age-at-length;
Bocaccio
ID BLACKGILL ROCKFISH; MANAGEMENT; FISH; PARAMETERS; AUSTRALIA; BOCACCIO
AB Age estimates are often used as conditional age-at-length (CAAL) data in stock assessment models to internally estimate growth and other life history parameters of fish populations. Obtaining sufficient numbers of age estimates is not a trivial task, as it requires considerable sampling effort, the development of aging criteria, the validation of age observations, and, finally, the production aging of sufficient numbers of age structures to inform the assessment models. In this study, we evaluated the influence of CAAL data in several assessment models of West Coast groundfish, by both randomly selecting only portions of available CAAL data and by selecting intermittent numbers of years of CAAL data for inclusion in models. These sensitivity tests were conducted on recent stock assessment models for Blackgill Rockfish (Sebastes melanostomus), Bocaccio (Sebastes paucispinis), and Pacific Sanddab (Citharichthys sordidus), as these three species represent a fairly wide range of life history types. The results showed that for the Bocaccio model, the assessment outputs from model runs with reduced numbers of CAAL data were very comparable with the model run with all available data. However, when CAAL data were reduced, the Blackgill and Sanddab models estimated different spawning outputs, stock depletions, and growth functions. Reducing CAAL data in these two models also resulted in larger estimation uncertainties in the assessment outputs. Overall, our results suggest that it is important to obtain more age data from long-lived species over as long a time span as possible, and aging samples from intermittent years may be considered if there are constraints in time or effort to age all available samples. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [He, Xi; Field, John C.; Pearson, Donald E.; Lefebvre, Lyndsey S.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fishery Ecol Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP He, X (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fishery Ecol Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
NR 32
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 180
SI SI
BP 92
EP 102
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.08.018
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DM7MF
UT WOS:000376544000010
ER
PT J
AU Monnahan, CC
Ono, K
Anderson, SC
Rudd, MB
Hicks, AC
Hurtado-Ferro, F
Johnson, KF
Kuriyama, PT
Licandeo, RR
Stawitz, CC
Taylor, IG
Valero, JL
AF Monnahan, Cole C.
Ono, Kotaro
Anderson, Sean C.
Rudd, Merrill B.
Hicks, Allan C.
Hurtado-Ferro, Felipe
Johnson, Kelli F.
Kuriyama, Peter T.
Licandeo, Roberto R.
Stawitz, Christine C.
Taylor, Ian G.
Valero, Juan L.
TI The effect of length bin width on growth estimation in integrated
age-structured stock assessments
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fisheries stock assessment; Simulation testing; Somatic growth; Stock
synthesis; ss3sim
ID ASSESSMENT MODELS; ASSUMPTIONS; MANAGEMENT; LIKELIHOOD; FRAMEWORK
AB Analysts conducting stock assessments using integrated, age-structured models must discretize length data into a limited number of bins (data bins). Furthermore, some modeling frameworks also allow users to specify a distinct structure for how lengths of fish are represented in the model (model bins). The effect of choices regarding the number and width of these bins on model output is unclear, and these choices are made inconsistently in assessments across regions and species. Here, we used the stock synthesis modeling framework, and the ss3sim stock assessment simulation package, to explore the effects of choices about length discretization on stock assessment performance for three fish life-history types and four data cases. We found that, with all other aspects of a model fixed, increasing the model bin width tended to increase estimates of spawning biomass, but this effect depended on the shape of length based processes (e.g., growth, maturity, and selectivity). Thus, we suggest analysts using model bins wider than 1 cm explore the effect of this decision on derived management quantities. In the context of estimation, there generally was a predictable tradeoff between estimation accuracy and model run time, with finer model and data bins always improving estimation accuracy and model convergence, but increasing run time. In some cases, wider data bins reduced run time (by up to 50%) with little sacrifice in model estimation performance, particularly those using conditional age-at-length data. This study identifies key aspects to consider when binning length, and provides pertinent information for stock assessment best practice guidelines. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Monnahan, Cole C.; Stawitz, Christine C.] Univ Washington, Quantitat Ecol & Resource Management, Box 352182, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Ono, Kotaro; Anderson, Sean C.; Rudd, Merrill B.; Hurtado-Ferro, Felipe; Johnson, Kelli F.; Kuriyama, Peter T.] Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Anderson, Sean C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Management, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Hicks, Allan C.; Taylor, Ian G.] NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Licandeo, Roberto R.] Univ British Columbia, AERL, Fisheries Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Valero, Juan L.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Adv Populat Assessment Methodol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Monnahan, CC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Quantitat Ecol & Resource Management, Box 352182, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM monnahc@uw.edu
OI Monnahan, Cole/0000-0003-0871-6700
FU Center for the Advancement of Population Assessment Methodology (CAPAM)
in La Jolla CA, USA; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and
Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [NA10OAR4320148, 2478]; Sea Grant/NOAA
Fisheries Population Dynamics Fellowships; NSF Integrative Graduate
Education Research Traineeship (IGERT) Program on Ocean Change; Eunice
Kennedy Schriver National Institute of Child Health and Human
Development [R24HD042828]; Conicyt
FX This growth research was supported through the Center for the
Advancement of Population Assessment Methodology (CAPAM) in La Jolla CA,
USA, as part of the good practices in stock assessment modeling program.
This publication is partially funded by the Joint Institute for the
Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative
Agreement No. NA10OAR4320148, Contribution No. 2478. CCM, PTK, and CCS
were partially supported for this work by Sea Grant/NOAA Fisheries
Population Dynamics Fellowships. MBR and CCS were supported by the NSF
Integrative Graduate Education Research Traineeship (IGERT) Program on
Ocean Change. Partial support for this research came from a Eunice
Kennedy Schriver National Institute of Child Health and Human
Development research infrastructure grant, R24HD042828, to the Center
for Studies in Demography and Ecology at the University of Washington.
RL was funded by Conicyt. We thank Ian Stewart, Mark Maunder, and Andre
Punt for feedback on the initial study design. We also thank Rick Methot
and Chantel Wetzel for technical discussions on SS and interpretation of
results.
NR 26
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 180
SI SI
BP 103
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.11.002
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DM7MF
UT WOS:000376544000011
ER
PT J
AU Kuriyama, PT
Ono, K
Hurtado-Ferro, F
Hicks, AC
Taylor, IG
Licandeo, RR
Johnson, KF
Anderson, SC
Monnahan, CC
Rudd, MB
Stawitz, CC
Valero, JL
AF Kuriyama, Peter T.
Ono, Kotaro
Hurtado-Ferro, Felipe
Hicks, Allan C.
Taylor, Ian G.
Licandeo, Roberto R.
Johnson, Kelli F.
Anderson, Sean C.
Monnahan, Cole C.
Rudd, Merrill B.
Stawitz, Christine C.
Valero, Juan L.
TI An empirical weight-at-age approach reduces estimation bias compared to
modeling parametric growth in integrated, statistical stock assessment
models when growth is time varying
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Empirical weight-at-age information; Fisheries stock assessment;
Time-varying growth; ss3sim; Stock Synthesis
ID GEAR SELECTIVITY; FISH GROWTH; MANAGEMENT; SIZE
AB Somatic growth in fishes often varies through time. Despite this, most stock assessments either fix or estimate a time-invariant growth relationship because estimating time-varying growth parameters can be data intensive and subject to multiple sources of bias. Additionally, estimates of growth are often confounded with estimates of selectivity, particularly if selectivity is also time varying. Incorporating empirical weight-at-age (EWAA) information into assessments is a little-studied alternative that accounts for time-varying growth, but foregoes fixing or estimating growth and length-weight relationships. However, this method requires annual measures of fish weights at each age, and missing values must therefore be interpolated. We used Stock Synthesis in a simulation-testing framework to compare the effect of estimating a single time-invariant growth curve, time-varying growth curves, and incorporating EWAA information on management quantities and parameter estimates. We ran simulations across two fish life histories (hake-like and rockfish-like) and three data cases (data-rich, data-rich with a late-starting survey, and data-moderate). We found that when growth was time invariant, the EWAA approach was unbiased but had twice the median average relative error compared to a model that estimated growth from age and length data. However, for data-rich cases with time-varying growth, the EWAA method resulted in more accurate estimates of spawning stock biomass compared to the approach that estimated time-invariant and time-varying growth parameters, as evidenced by at least a five-fold reduction in range of median relative errors. The magnitude of this effect was greatest for the long-lived, slow growing life history. For the relatively fast-growing species, estimates from the EWAA method were particularly sensitive to interpolating missing values. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kuriyama, Peter T.; Ono, Kotaro; Hurtado-Ferro, Felipe; Johnson, Kelli F.; Rudd, Merrill B.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Hicks, Allan C.; Taylor, Ian G.] NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Licandeo, Roberto R.] Univ British Columbia, Aquat Ecosyst Res Lab, Fisheries Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Anderson, Sean C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Management, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Monnahan, Cole C.; Stawitz, Christine C.] Univ Washington, Quantitat Ecol & Resource Management, Box 352182, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Valero, Juan L.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Adv Populat Assessment & Methodol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Kuriyama, PT (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM ptrkrym@uw.edu
OI , Peter/0000-0002-6971-4015
FU Center for the Advancement of Population Assessment Methodology (CAPAM)
in La Jolla CA, USA; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and
Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [NA10OAR4320148, 2450]; Sea Grant/NOAA
Fisheries Population Dynamics Fellowships; NSF Integrative Graduate
Education Research Traineeship (IGERT) Program on Ocean Change; Eunice
Kennedy Schriver National Institute of Child Health and Human
Development [R24HD042828]; CONICYT
FX This growth research was supported through the Center for the
Advancement of Population Assessment Methodology (CAPAM) in La Jolla CA,
USA, as part of the good practices in stock assessment modeling program.
This publication is partially funded by the Joint Institute for the
Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative
Agreement No. NA10OAR4320148, Contribution No. 2450. PTK, CCM and CCS
were partially supported for this work by Sea Grant/NOAA Fisheries
Population Dynamics Fellowships. MBR and CCS were supported by the NSF
Integrative Graduate Education Research Traineeship (IGERT) Program on
Ocean Change. Partial support for this research came from a Eunice
Kennedy Schriver National Institute of Child Health and Human
Development research infrastructure grant, R24HD042828, to the Center
for Studies in Demography and Ecology at the University of Washington.
RL was funded by CONICYT. We thank Richard Methot, Ian Stewart, Mark
Maunder, and Andre Punt for feedback on the initial study design.
NR 30
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 180
SI SI
BP 119
EP 127
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.09.007
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DM7MF
UT WOS:000376544000013
ER
PT J
AU Piner, KR
Lee, HH
Maunder, MN
AF Piner, Kevin R.
Lee, Hui-Hua
Maunder, Mark N.
TI Evaluation of using random-at-length observations and an equilibrium
approximation of the population age structure in fitting the von
Bertalanffy growth function
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE von Bertalanffy; Growth; Growth estimation
ID FISHERIES STOCK ASSESSMENT; PACIFIC ALBACORE; THUNNUS ALALUNGA; MODEL;
SELECTIVITY; MORTALITY; PARAMETERS; LIKELIHOOD; OCEAN
AB When paired age length samples are collected from fishery data, estimation of the growth function parameters has typically assumed that each length observation is a random sample of fish for a given age (traditional method). An alternative methodology (length-conditional) assumes each age sample taken is random with respect to that length. The length-conditional method uses the underlying population age structure to derive predictions and therefore has been limited to implementation inside the stock assessment model. This paper used simulation methods to evaluate the estimates of the von Bertalanffy growth parameters outside the assessment model using the traditional method and a length-conditional method based on an equilibrium approximation to the population age structure derived from an estimate of the total mortality rate. Both random and length-stratified sampling designs were evaluated along with a range of sample sizes. With a random sampling design, both the traditional and approximate length conditional methods produced unbiased estimates of L-inf and K. However, only the approximate length conditional approach produced unbiased estimates when samples were length-stratified. Variability in the length-at-age relationship was better estimated by the approximate length-conditional approach for both sampling designs. The approximate length-conditional method was robust to small errors in total mortality rate, but biased with increasing levels of mortality misspecification. With a reasonable estimate of total mortality, the approximate length-conditional approach may be a viable alternative to the traditional method when estimating growth parameters, especially the variability in growth. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Piner, Kevin R.; Lee, Hui-Hua] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Maunder, Mark N.] Interamer Trop Tuna Commiss, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Maunder, Mark N.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Adv Populat Assessment Methodol, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Piner, KR (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM kevin.piner@noaa.gov
NR 28
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Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 180
SI SI
BP 128
EP 137
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.05.024
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DM7MF
UT WOS:000376544000014
ER
PT J
AU Xu, Y
Teo, SLH
Piner, KR
Chen, KS
Wells, RJD
AF Xu, Yi
Teo, Steven L. H.
Piner, Kevin R.
Chen, Kuo-Shu
Wells, R. J. David
TI Using an approximate length-conditional approach to estimate von
Bertalanffy growth parameters of North Pacific albacore (Thunnus
alalunga)
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE North Pacific albacore; Thunnus alalunga; Fit von Bertalanffy growth
model; Conditional age-at-length data
ID STOCK ASSESSMENT; SELECTIVITY; MORTALITY; MODEL; AGE
AB Growth models in stock assessments can strongly influence the estimated biomass that affect the conclusion of stock status and exploitation level. Recent studies on North Pacific albacore (Thunnus alalunga) growth obtained age-length data from hard parts and fit the age-length data to a von Bertalanffy growth model, assuming each observation of length is a random sample for a given age. However, these previous studies may have resulted in biased growth parameter estimates because these samples were not chosen at random and hence violated the assumptions of the method. In this study, we instead use an "approximate length-conditional" approach, which assumes that each fish is a random sample from that length bin based on an equilibrium population age structure, to fit age-length data from three previous studies. Results of the length-conditional approach resulted in a sex-combined growth curve that is similar to the previous estimates over the young and mid ages (age 2-6) but with different asymptotic lengths. Estimated growth parameters were not highly sensitive to assumed mortality rates but changing the data-weighting scheme can result in differences in estimated growth parameters. Although the length conditional approach likely result in less biased estimated length-at-ages, especially for the youngest and oldest ages, the estimated growth curves from this study may not be representative of the stock due to potential regional differences in growth, and age and sex-specific movements. In order to successfully unravel the complexities of albacore growth observed in this and previous studies, given the complex life history, ocean-basin scale movements and multiple international fisheries, a well-coordinated and designed international sampling effort will be required. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Xu, Yi; Teo, Steven L. H.; Piner, Kevin R.] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Chen, Kuo-Shu] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Oceanog, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
[Wells, R. J. David] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, 1001 Texas Clipper Rd, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
[Wells, R. J. David] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Xu, Y (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM yi.xu@noaa.gov
FU Research Associate Program (RAP) of the National Research Council
FX The authors would like to thank P. Crone, K. Hill, G. Dinardo
(NOAA\SWFSC\FRD), and two anonymous reviewers for reviewing and
improving the manuscript. We would like to acknowledge the Center for
the Advancement of Population Assessment Methodology (CAPAM) for hosting
the workshop on growth in stock assessments, which instigated us to do
this work, especially M. Maunder (IATTC) who helped in the initial
discussion of this project. H.-H. Lee (NOAA\SWFSC\FRD) contributed an
ADMB code for the companion paper by Piner et al. (2015), which was used
to verify the R code of the simulation in this paper (Appendix Fig. A2).
We would like to acknowledge the support of Research Associate Program
(RAP) of the National Research Council in administering the postdoctoral
research of Y. Xu.
NR 24
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U1 2
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 180
SI SI
BP 138
EP 146
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.08.017
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DM7MF
UT WOS:000376544000015
ER
PT J
AU Szuwalski, CS
AF Szuwalski, C. S.
TI Biases in biomass estimates: The effect of bin width in size-structured
stock assessment methods
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Estimating growth; Size-structured assessment; Simulation; Bin width;
Pribilof Islands red king crab
ID EASTERN BERING-SEA; MANAGEMENT; FISHERY
AB Size-structured assessment models require size data to be binned, but it is unclear how a specified bin width can impact the ability of an assessment to estimate quantities important in management. Biases in estimated mature biomass are demonstrated here when increasing the bin width using a simulation framework based on the Pribilof Islands red king crab (PIRKC) assessment. Several potential sources of bias were explored through simulation. The bias was removed by applying an alternative assessment method which used a finer approximation of the integral representing the probability of a crab molting from one size bin. Trade-offs exist at both sides of the bin width spectrum. Precision and model stability may suffer when bin width is too large; slowed parameter estimation and problems fitting multinomial likelihoods to length frequency data may appear when bin widths are too small. Simulation studies (like the one presented here) are useful for identifying optimal bin width for management related tasks. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Szuwalski, C. S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Szuwalski, C. S.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Szuwalski, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM c.s.szuwalski@gmail.com
NR 12
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U1 3
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 180
SI SI
BP 169
EP 176
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.06.023
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DM7MF
UT WOS:000376544000018
ER
PT J
AU Wegge, R
McLinden, MO
Perkins, RA
Richter, M
Span, R
AF Wegge, Robin
McLinden, Mark O.
Perkins, Richard A.
Richter, Markus
Span, Roland
TI Speed-of-sound measurements in (argon plus carbon dioxide) over the
temperature range from (275 to 500) K at pressures up to 8 MPa
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Argon; Carbon capture and storage; Carbon dioxide; Gas mixture;
Spherical resonator; Speed of sound
ID MIXTURES; EQUATION; GASES; STATE; MODEL
AB The speed of sound of two (argon + carbon dioxide) mixtures was measured over the temperature range from (275 to 500) K with pressures up to 8 MPa utilizing a spherical acoustic resonator. The compositions of the gravimetrically prepared mixtures were (0.50104 and 0.74981) mole fraction carbon dioxide. The vibrational relaxation of pure carbon dioxide led to high sound absorption, which significantly impeded the sound-speed measurements on carbon dioxide and its mixtures; pre-condensation may have also affected the results for some measurements near the dew line. Thus, in contrast to the standard operating procedure for speed-of-sound measurements with a spherical resonator, non-radial resonances at lower frequencies were taken into account. Still, the data show a comparatively large scatter, and the usual repeatability of this general type of instrument could not be realized with the present measurements. Nonetheless, the average relative combined expanded uncertainty (k = 2) in speed of sound ranged from (0.042 to 0.056)% for both mixtures, with individual state-point uncertainties increasing to 0.1%. These uncertainties are adequate for our intended purpose of evaluating thermodynamic models. The results are compared to a Helmholtz energy equation of state for carbon capture and storage applications; relative deviations of (-0.64 to 0.08)% for the (0.49896 argon + 0.50104 carbon dioxide) mixture, and of (-1.52 to 0.77)% for the (0.25019 argon + 0.74981 carbon dioxide) mixture were observed. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wegge, Robin; Richter, Markus; Span, Roland] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Lehrstuhl Thermodynam, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
[McLinden, Mark O.; Perkins, Richard A.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway,Mailstop 647-07, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Richter, M (reprint author), Ruhr Univ Bochum, Lehrstuhl Thermodynam, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
EM m.richter@thermo.rub.de
FU programme CLIMIT; BIGCCS Centre
FX Robin Wegge's work at Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Germany, and his stay at
the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Boulder
(CO), USA, were supported by the research programme CLIMIT and the
BIGCCS Centre, performed under the Norwegian research programme Centres
for Environment-friendly Energy Research (FME). Robin Wegge acknowledges
the following partners for their contributions: Gassco, Shell, Statoil,
Total, Engie and the Research Council of Norway (193816/S60 and
200005/S60). We thank Dr. Thomas J. Bruno of NIST for analysing our
argon sample.
NR 21
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U1 6
U2 8
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0021-9614
EI 1096-3626
J9 J CHEM THERMODYN
JI J. Chem. Thermodyn.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 99
BP 54
EP 64
DI 10.1016/j.jct.2016.03.036
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry
GA DL9CN
UT WOS:000375939100006
PM 27458321
ER
PT J
AU McLinden, MO
Richter, M
AF McLinden, Mark O.
Richter, Markus
TI Application of a two-sinker densimeter for phase-equilibrium
measurements: A new technique for the detection of dew points and
measurements on the (methane plus propane) system
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Adsorption; Dew point; Gas density; Measurement; Methane; Propane
ID VAPOR-LIQUID-EQUILIBRIUM; NATURAL-GAS; ISOCHORIC APPARATUS; MICROWAVE
APPARATUS; HYDROCARBON SYSTEMS; LOW-TEMPERATURES; CARBON DIOXIDE;
HIGH-PRESSURES; MIXTURES; BEHAVIOR
AB We explore a novel method for determining the dew-point density and dew-point pressure of fluid mixtures and compare it to traditional methods. The (p, rho, T, x) behavior of three (methane + propane) mixtures was investigated with a two-sinker magnetic suspension densimeter over the temperature range of (248.15-293.15) K; the measurements extended from low pressures into the two-phase region. The compositions of the gravimetrically prepared mixtures were (0.74977, 0.50688, and 0.26579) mole fraction methane. We analyzed isothermal data by: (1) a "traditional" analysis of the intersection of a virial fit of the (p vs. p) data in the single-phase region with a linear fit of the data in the two-phase region; and (2) an analysis of the adsorbed mass on the sinker surfaces. We compared these to a traditional isochoric experiment. We conclude that the "adsorbed mass" analysis of an isothermal experiment provides an accurate determination of the dew-point temperature, pressure, and density. However, a two-sinker densimeter is required. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [McLinden, Mark O.; Richter, Markus] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway,Mailstop 647-07, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Richter, Markus] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Lehrstuhl Thermodynam, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
RP McLinden, MO (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway,Mailstop 647-07, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM markm@boulder.nist.gov; m.richter@thermo.rub.de
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [RI 2482/1-1]; Emmy Noether Programme [RI
2482/2-1]
FX This work was funded by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST). We thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
for supporting the stay of Dr. M. Richter at NIST under Grant No. RI
2482/1-1 and for funding our ongoing research within the Emmy Noether
Programme under Grant No. RI 2482/2-1. We thank our NIST colleagues Dr.
Eric Lemmon for providing his database of literature data and Dr. Thomas
Bruno for providing the analysis of our experimental samples. We thank
Dr. Reiner Kleinrahm of Ruhr-Universitat Bochum for his careful reading
of the manuscript and many helpful suggestions.
NR 47
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U1 5
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0021-9614
EI 1096-3626
J9 J CHEM THERMODYN
JI J. Chem. Thermodyn.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 99
BP 105
EP 115
DI 10.1016/j.jct.2016.03.035
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry
GA DL9CN
UT WOS:000375939100014
ER
PT J
AU Find, M
Goos, M
Jarvisalo, M
Kaski, P
Koivisto, M
Korhonen, JH
AF Find, Magnus
Goos, Mika
Jarvisalo, Matti
Kaski, Petteri
Koivisto, Mikko
Korhonen, Janne H.
TI Separating OR, SUM, and XOR circuits
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER AND SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Arithmetic circuits; Boolean arithmetic; Idempotent arithmetic; Monotone
separations; Rewriting
ID K-SAT; COMPLEXITY
AB Given a boolean n x n matrix A we consider arithmetic circuits for computing the transformation x bar right arrow Ax over different semirings. Namely, we study three circuit models: monotone OR-circuits, monotone SUM-circuits (addition of non-negative integers), and non-monotone XOR-circuits (addition modulo 2). Our focus is on separating OR-circuits from the two other models in terms of circuit complexity:
(1) We show how to obtain matrices that admit OR-circuits of size O(n), but require SUM circuits of size Omega (n(3/2)/log(2) n).
(2) We consider the task of rewriting a given OR-circuit as a XOR-circuit and prove that any subquadratic-time algorithm for this task violates the strong exponential time hypothesis. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Find, Magnus] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Goos, Mika] Univ Toronto, Dept Comp Sci, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
[Jarvisalo, Matti; Koivisto, Mikko; Korhonen, Janne H.] Univ Helsinki, HIIT, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[Jarvisalo, Matti; Koivisto, Mikko; Korhonen, Janne H.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Comp Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[Kaski, Petteri] Aalto Univ, HIIT, Aalto, Finland.
[Kaski, Petteri] Aalto Univ, Dept Informat & Comp Sci, Aalto, Finland.
[Find, Magnus] Univ Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
[Find, Magnus] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
[Goos, Mika] Univ Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[Korhonen, Janne H.] Reykjavik Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Reykjavik, Iceland.
RP Korhonen, JH (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, HIIT, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.; Korhonen, JH (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Comp Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
EM korhonen@ru.is
RI Kaski, Petteri/C-8655-2014;
OI Jarvisalo, Matti/0000-0003-2572-063X; Koivisto,
Mikko/0000-0001-9662-3605
FU Academy of Finland [132380, 252018, 132812, 251170, 252083, 256287];
Helsinki Doctoral Programme in Computer-Science Advanced Computing and
Intelligent Systems
FX This research is supported in part by Academy of Finland, grants 132380
and 252018 (M.G.), 132812 and 251170 (M.J.), 252083 and 256287 (P.K.),
and by Helsinki Doctoral Programme in Computer-Science Advanced
Computing and Intelligent Systems (J.K.).
NR 28
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Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-0000
EI 1090-2724
J9 J COMPUT SYST SCI
JI J. Comput. Syst. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 82
IS 5
BP 793
EP 801
DI 10.1016/j.jcss.2016.01.001
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods
SC Computer Science
GA DJ7XG
UT WOS:000374425900010
ER
PT J
AU Vinson, J
Jach, T
Muller, M
Unterumsberger, R
Beckhoff, B
AF Vinson, John
Jach, Terrence
Mueller, Matthias
Unterumsberger, Rainer
Beckhoff, Burkhard
TI Quasiparticle lifetime broadening in resonant x-ray scattering of NH4NO3
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID AB-INITIO CALCULATION; WIDE-GAP INSULATORS; VALENCE-BAND;
RAMAN-SCATTERING; GREENS-FUNCTION; CORE-LEVEL; BESSY II; SOLIDS;
RADIATION; EMISSION
AB It has been previously shown that two effects cause dramatic changes in the x-ray absorption and emission spectra from the N K edge of the insulating crystal ammonium nitrate. First, vibrational disorder causes major changes in the absorption spectrum, originating not only from the thermal population of phonons, but, significantly, from zero-point motion as well. Second, the anomalously large broadening (similar to 4 eV) of the emission originating from nitrate s states is due to the unusually short lifetimes of quasiparticles in an otherwise extremely narrow band. In this work, we investigate the coupling of these effects to core and valence excitons that are created as the initial x-ray excitation energy is progressively reduced toward the N edge. Using a GW/Bethe-Salpeter approach, we show the extent to which this anomalous broadening is captured by the GW approximation. The data and calculations demonstrate the importance that the complex self-energies (finite lifetimes) of the valence bands have on the interpretation of emission spectra. We produce a scheme to explain why extreme lifetimes should appear in s states of other similar compounds.
C1 [Vinson, John; Jach, Terrence] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mueller, Matthias; Unterumsberger, Rainer; Beckhoff, Burkhard] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Abbestr 2-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany.
RP Vinson, J (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
OI Vinson, John/0000-0002-7619-7060
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 29
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 3
AR 035163
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.035163
PG 12
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DT4XD
UT WOS:000381483800003
ER
PT J
AU Lee, MJ
Shevliakova, E
Malyshev, S
Milly, PCD
Jaffe, PR
AF Lee, Minjin
Shevliakova, Elena
Malyshev, Sergey
Milly, P. C. D.
Jaffe, Peter R.
TI Climate variability and extremes, interacting with nitrogen storage,
amplify eutrophication risk
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE climate variability; nitrogen storage; Chesapeake Bay; dry spells;
nitrogen-load anomalies; watershed modeling
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; CHESAPEAKE BAY; NORTHEASTERN USA; WATER-QUALITY;
LAND-USE; HYPOXIA; MODEL; TRENDS; EXPORT; CONSEQUENCES
AB Despite 30years of basin-wide nutrient-reduction efforts, severe hypoxia continues to be observed in the Chesapeake Bay. Here we demonstrate the critical influence of climate variability, interacting with accumulated nitrogen (N) over multidecades, on Susquehanna River dissolved nitrogen (DN) loads, known precursors of the hypoxia in the Bay. We used the process model LM3-TAN (Terrestrial and Aquatic Nitrogen), which is capable of capturing both seasonal and decadal-to-century changes in vegetation-soil-river N storage, and produced nine scenarios of DN-load distributions under different short-term scenarios of climate variability and extremes. We illustrate that after 1 to 3 yearlong dry spells, the likelihood of exceeding a threshold DN load (56ktyr(-1)) increases by 40 to 65% due to flushing of N accumulated throughout the dry spells and altered microbial processes. Our analyses suggest that possible future increases in climate variability/extremesspecifically, high precipitation occurring after multiyear dry spellscould likely lead to high DN-load anomalies and hypoxia.
C1 [Lee, Minjin] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Shevliakova, Elena; Malyshev, Sergey; Milly, P. C. D.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Milly, P. C. D.] US Geol Survey, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Jaffe, Peter R.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Lee, MJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM minjinl@princeton.edu
FU Fulbright Scholarship; Princeton Environmental Institute at Princeton
University through the Mary and Randall Hack '69 Research Fund; Korean
National Institute of Environmental Research; NOAA (U.S. Department of
Commerce) [NA08OAR4320752]
FX The daily mean river flows from USGS are available at
http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/dv?cb_00060=on & last access: 25
September 2015. The anthropogenic N inputs from U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency are available at
http://ches.communitymodeling.org/models/CBPhase5/datalibrary/model-inpu
t.php; last access: 7 June 2016. The seasonal and annual river flows and
DN loads were obtained from SRBC SNAP by personal communication with K.
McGonigal. The annual CO2 concentrations from the NOAA's
Earth System Research Laboratory are available at
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/global.html; last access: 25
September 2015. The historical crests from NOAA NWS are available at
http://water.weather.gov/ahps2/crests.php?wfo=ctp & last access: 25
September 2015. The average summer volumes of "Dead Zone" in Chesapeake
Bay from 1985 to 2013 were available at
http://mddnr.chesapeakebay.net/eye-sonthebay/documents/DeadZoneStatus_Su
mmer2013.pdf, and can be obtained by personal communication, as the
website is currently under construction. Support for M. Lee was provided
by a Fulbright Scholarship, by the Princeton Environmental Institute at
Princeton University through the Mary and Randall Hack '69 Research
Fund, by the Korean National Institute of Environmental Research, and by
the NOAA (U.S. Department of Commerce) grant NA08OAR4320752.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 14
BP 7520
EP 7528
DI 10.1002/2016GL069254
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DV9VL
UT WOS:000383290200029
ER
PT J
AU Ho, M
Parthasarathy, V
Etienne, E
Russo, TA
Devineni, N
Lall, U
AF Ho, M.
Parthasarathy, V.
Etienne, E.
Russo, T. A.
Devineni, N.
Lall, U.
TI America's water: Agricultural water demands and the response of
groundwater
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE drought index; groundwater depletion
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GLOBAL CHANGE; HIGH-PLAINS;
LAND-USE; SUSTAINABILITY; VARIABILITY; DEPLETION; IMPACTS; AQUIFER
AB Agricultural, industrial, and urban water use in the conterminous United States (CONUS) is highly dependent on groundwater that is largely drawn from nonsurficial wells (>30m). We use a Demand-Sensitive Drought Index to examine the impacts of agricultural water needs, driven by low precipitation, high agricultural water demand, or a combination of both, on the temporal variability of depth to groundwater across the CONUS. We characterize the relationship between changes in groundwater levels, agricultural water deficits relative to precipitation during the growing season, and winter precipitation. We find that declines in groundwater levels in the High Plains aquifer and around the Mississippi River Valley are driven by groundwater withdrawals used to supplement agricultural water demands. Reductions in agricultural water demands for crops do not, however, lead to immediate recovery of groundwater levels due to the demand for groundwater in other sectors in regions such as Utah, Maryland, and Texas.
C1 [Ho, M.; Parthasarathy, V.; Russo, T. A.; Lall, U.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Water Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Parthasarathy, V.] CUNY City Coll, Fu Fdn Sch Engn & Appl Sci, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Etienne, E.; Devineni, N.] CUNY City Coll, Dept Civil Engn, Ctr Water Resources & Environm Res, NOAA Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Russo, T. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Lall, U.] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Engn, New York, NY USA.
RP Ho, M (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Water Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA.
EM mh3538@columbia.edu
OI Ho, Michelle/0000-0002-1513-8016
FU NSF [EAR-1360446]; Columbia Engineering Internship Fund
FX This work is funded by an NSF project grant EAR-1360446. Varshini
Parthasarathy was partially sponsored by the Columbia Engineering
Internship Fund. We thank Mary Williams and Hui Wen for their help with
the initial groundwater data collection and Adam Schempp and Laureline
Josset for their helpful discussion on the work and feedback on the
manuscript. Groundwater data described in this paper are available from
the USGS website. The data used are listed in the reference list. The
vDSDI may be obtained from Elius Etienne (eetienn02@citymail.cuny.edu).
NR 68
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U1 10
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 14
BP 7546
EP 7555
DI 10.1002/2016GL069797
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DV9VL
UT WOS:000383290200032
ER
PT J
AU Kim, SW
Barth, MC
Trainer, M
AF Kim, S. -W.
Barth, M. C.
Trainer, M.
TI Impact of turbulent mixing on isoprene chemistry
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE isoprene; hydroxyl radical; NOx; turbulence; cloud; LES
ID LARGE-EDDY-SIMULATION; PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; MODEL; EMISSIONS;
FOREST; OZONE; FLOWS; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; HYDROXYL; SCALARS
AB Isoprene, a volatile organic compound that is mainly emitted from trees, rapidly reacts with hydroxyl radical (OH) during daytime and subsequently forms ozone and aerosols in the troposphere. The isoprene-OH reaction can be affected by the interplay between chemistry and mixing because the two processes occur at a similar time scale. We investigate the impact of turbulent mixing on isoprene-OH reactivity with large eddy simulations (LES) coupled with comprehensive chemistry. Our results show that the covariance of isoprene and OH causes similar to 20% decrease to similar to 10% increase of the horizontal average reaction rate, depending on nitrogen oxides (NOx=NO+NO2) abundances, compared to the rate that neglects the covariance. This wide range of effects on reaction rates is caused by the primary production and loss reactions of OH in each NOx regime. Our research promotes the use of LES for better understanding the role of turbulence in isoprene-OH reaction and parameterizations in large-scale models.
C1 [Kim, S. -W.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kim, S. -W.; Trainer, M.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Barth, M. C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Kim, SW (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Kim, SW (reprint author), NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM siwan.kim@noaa.gov
FU EPA STAR grant [R825379]; National Science Foundation; NOAA's Health of
the Atmosphere
FX Our thanks go to Ned Patton, Kenneth Davis, Chin-Hoh Moeng, and Peter
Sullivan for initiation of the study and the development of NCAR LES
model. A part of this work was supported by the EPA STAR grant R825379.
The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the
National Science Foundation. The authors acknowledge support from NOAA's
Health of the Atmosphere.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 14
BP 7701
EP 7708
DI 10.1002/2016GL069752
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DV9VL
UT WOS:000383290200051
ER
PT J
AU Park, SH
Kim, JH
Sharman, RD
Klemp, JB
AF Park, Sang-Hun
Kim, Jung-Hoon
Sharman, Robert D.
Klemp, Joseph B.
TI Update of upper level turbulence forecast by reducing unphysical
components of topography in the numerical weather prediction model
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE aviation turbulence; mountain wave; terrain smoothing; Weather Research
and Forecasting (WRF) model
ID CLEAR-AIR TURBULENCE; MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; STRATOSPHERE;
TROPOSPHERE; ENCOUNTERS; OUTFLOW; BANDS
AB On 2 November 2015, unrealistically large areas of light-or-stronger turbulence were predicted by the WRF-RAP (Weather Research and Forecast Rapid Refresh)-based operational turbulence forecast system over the western U.S. mountainous regions, which were not supported by available observations. These areas are reduced by applying additional terrain averaging, which damps out the unphysical components of small-scale (similar to 2x) energy aloft induced by unfiltered topography in the initialization of the WRF model. First, a control simulation with the same design of the WRF-RAP model shows that the large-scale atmospheric conditions are well simulated but predict strong turbulence over the western mountainous region. Four experiments with different levels of additional terrain smoothing are applied in the initialization of the model integrations, which significantly reduce spurious mountain-wave-like features, leading to better turbulence forecasts more consistent with the observed data.
C1 [Park, Sang-Hun; Klemp, Joseph B.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Kim, Jung-Hoon] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Kim, Jung-Hoon] NOAA, Aviat Weather Ctr, Kansas City, MO 64153 USA.
[Sharman, Robert D.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Kim, JH (reprint author), NOAA, Aviat Weather Ctr, Kansas City, MO 64153 USA.
EM jung-hoon.kim@noaa.gov
FU U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
FX This research is in response to requirements and funding by the U.S.
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The views expressed are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the official policy and
position of the FAA. Authors very thank Melissa A. Thomas at Delta Air
Lines for her observation of large areas of smooth-to-light turbulence
forecasts over the western U.S. mountainous regions. The authors also
thank Stanley G. Benjamin at NOAA/ESRL for his feedback on this issue.
The authors thank two anonymous reviewers for their invaluable comments
and suggestions.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 14
BP 7718
EP 7724
DI 10.1002/2016GL069446
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DV9VL
UT WOS:000383290200053
ER
PT J
AU Kalonia, C
Toprani, V
Toth, R
Wahome, N
Gabel, I
Middaugh, CR
Volkin, DB
AF Kalonia, Cavan
Toprani, Vishal
Toth, Ronald
Wahome, Newton
Gabel, Ian
Middaugh, C. Russell
Volkin, David B.
TI Effects of Protein Conformation, Apparent Solubility, and
Protein-Protein Interactions on the Rates and Mechanisms of Aggregation
for an IgG1Monoclonal Antibody
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEATED-POLYMERIZATION MODEL; IGG1 MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NATIVE-STATE
SOLUBILITY; 2ND VIRIAL-COEFFICIENT; FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT; THERAPEUTIC
PROTEINS; PARTICLE FORMATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; MACROMOLECULES;
IMMUNOGENICITY
AB Non-native protein aggregation is a key degradation pathway of immunoglobulins. In this work, the aggregation kinetics of an immunoglobulin gamma-1 monoclonal antibody (IgG1 mAb) in different solution environments was monitored over a range of incubation temperatures for up to seven months using size exclusion chromatography. Histidine and citrate buffers with/without sodium chloride were employed to modulate the mAb's conformational stability, solubility (in the presence of polyethylene glycol, PEG), and protein protein interactions as measured by differential scanning calorimetry, PEG precipitation, and static light scattering, respectively. The effect of these parameters on the mechanism(s) of mAb aggregation during storage at different temperatures was determined using kinetic models, which were used to fit aggregation data to determine rate constants for aggregate nucleation and growth processes. This approach was used to investigate the effects of colloidal protein protein interactions and solubility values (in PEG solutions) on the mechanisms and rates of IgG1 mAb aggregation as a function of temperature-induced structural perturbations. Aggregate nucleation and growth pathways for this IgG1 mAb were sensitive to temperature and overall conformational stability. Aggregate growth, on the other hand, was also sensitive to conditions affecting the solubility of the mAb, particularly at elevated temperatures.
C1 [Kalonia, Cavan; Toprani, Vishal; Toth, Ronald; Wahome, Newton; Gabel, Ian; Middaugh, C. Russell; Volkin, David B.] Univ Kansas, Macromol & Vaccine Stabilizat Ctr, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA.
[Kalonia, Cavan] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wahome, Newton] Univ Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045 USA.
RP Kalonia, C (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Macromol & Vaccine Stabilizat Ctr, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA.; Kalonia, C (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cavan.kalonia@nist.gov
FU NIH biotechnology training grant [5-T32-GM008359]
FX The authors wish to thank and acknowledge Professor Christopher Roberts,
University of Delaware, for his thoughtful comments and critical review
of this manuscript and Dr. Aaron Smalter Hall at the University of
Kansas for developing the simulation script. Janssen R&D is acknowledged
for providing the IgG1 mAb for this study and Fluid Imaging Technologies
for providing a VS series FlowCam instrument for flow microscopy
measurements. Financial support is acknowledged from NIH biotechnology
training grant 5-T32-GM008359 (Cavan Kalonia).
NR 62
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 14
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 29
BP 7062
EP 7075
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03878
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA DS4CZ
UT WOS:000380730300003
PM 27380437
ER
PT J
AU Hu, MG
Van de Graaff, MJ
Kedar, D
Corson, JP
Cornell, EA
Jin, DS
AF Hu, Ming-Guang
Van de Graaff, Michael J.
Kedar, Dhruv
Corson, John P.
Cornell, Eric A.
Jin, Deborah S.
TI Bose Polarons in the Strongly Interacting Regime
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID IMPURITY; DYNAMICS; GAS
AB When an impurity is immersed in a Bose-Einstein condensate, impurity-boson interactions are expected to dress the impurity into a quasiparticle, the Bose polaron. We superimpose an ultracold atomic gas of Rb-87 with a much lower density gas of fermionic K-40 impurities. Through the use of a Feshbach resonance and radio-frequency spectroscopy, we characterize the energy, spectral width, and lifetime of the resultant polaron on both the attractive and the repulsive branches in the strongly interacting regime. The width of the polaron in the attractive branch is narrow compared to its binding energy, even as the two-body scattering length diverges.
C1 [Hu, Ming-Guang] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Hu, MG (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU NSF [1125844]; NASA [NNN12A A01C]
FX This work is supported by the NSF under Grant No. 1125844, and by NASA
under Grant No. NNN12A A01C.
NR 35
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U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 117
IS 5
AR 055301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.055301
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DT4SH
UT WOS:000381470600004
ER
PT J
AU Enochs, IC
Manzello, DP
Tribollet, A
Valentino, L
Kolodziej, G
Donham, EM
Fitchett, MD
Carlton, R
Price, NN
AF Enochs, Ian C.
Manzello, Derek P.
Tribollet, Aline
Valentino, Lauren
Kolodziej, Graham
Donham, Emily M.
Fitchett, Mark D.
Carlton, Renee
Price, Nichole N.
TI Elevated Colonization of Microborers at a Volcanically Acidified Coral
Reef
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; FRENCH-POLYNESIA; ANTHROPOGENIC
CO2; ENDOLITHIC ALGAE; BIOEROSION RATES; PORITES-LOBATA; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
SKELETONS; INCREASE
AB Experiments have demonstrated that ocean acidification (OA) conditions projected to occur by the end of the century will slow the calcification of numerous coral species and accelerate the biological erosion of reef habitats (bioerosion). Microborers, which bore holes less than 100 mu m diameter, are one of the most pervasive agents of bioerosion and are present throughout all calcium carbonate substrates within the reef environment. The response of diverse reef functional groups to OA is known from real-world ecosystems, but to date our understanding of the relationship between ocean pH and carbonate dissolution by microborers is limited to controlled laboratory experiments. Here we examine the settlement of microborers to pure mineral calcium carbonate substrates (calcite) along a natural pH gradient at a volcanically acidified reef at Maug, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). Colonization of pioneer microborers was higher in the lower pH waters near the vent field. Depth of microborer penetration was highly variable both among and within sites (4.2-195.5 mu m) over the short duration of the study (3 mo.) and no clear relationship to increasing CO2 was observed. Calculated rates of biogenic dissolution, however, were highest at the two sites closer to the vent and were not significantly different from each other. These data represent the first evidence of OA-enhancement of microboring flora colonization in newly available substrates and provide further evidence that microborers, especially bioeroding chlorophytes, respond positively to low pH. The accelerated breakdown and dissolution of reef framework structures with OA will likely lead to declines in structural complexity and integrity, as well as possible loss of essential habitat.
C1 [Enochs, Ian C.; Valentino, Lauren; Kolodziej, Graham; Fitchett, Mark D.; Carlton, Renee] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Enochs, Ian C.; Manzello, Derek P.; Valentino, Lauren; Kolodziej, Graham; Carlton, Renee] NOAA, AOML, 4301 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Tribollet, Aline] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Lab IPSL, IRD,CNRS,MNHN,LOCEAN, 32 Ave Henri Varagnat, F-93143 Bondy, France.
[Donham, Emily M.] Moss Landing Marine Labs, 8272 Moss Landing Rd, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Donham, Emily M.; Price, Nichole N.] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, 60 Bigelow Dr, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA.
RP Enochs, IC (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.; Enochs, IC (reprint author), NOAA, AOML, 4301 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM ienochs@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Kolodziej, Graham/A-3034-2017; Valentino, Lauren/A-3068-2017; Manzello,
Derek/A-8661-2014; Enochs, Ian/B-8051-2014
OI Kolodziej, Graham/0000-0001-5483-8923; Valentino,
Lauren/0000-0002-8748-9050; Manzello, Derek/0000-0002-0720-3041; Enochs,
Ian/0000-0002-8867-0361
FU NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program; NOAA's Ocean Acidification
Program
FX Financial support was provided by NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation and
Ocean Acidification Programs.
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 10
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 7
AR e0159818
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159818
PG 16
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT5IL
UT WOS:000381516100059
PM 27467570
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, RJ
Inserra, M
Vetter, I
Holland, WC
Hardison, DR
Tester, PA
Litaker, RW
AF Lewis, Richard J.
Inserra, Marco
Vetter, Irina
Holland, William C.
Hardison, D. Ransom
Tester, Patricia A.
Litaker, R. Wayne
TI Rapid Extraction and Identification of Maitotoxin and Ciguatoxin-Like
Toxins from Caribbean and Pacific Gambierdiscus Using a New Functional
Bioassay
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID SP-NOV; BENTHIC DINOFLAGELLATE; GENUS GAMBIERDISCUS; CARANX-LATUS;
DINOPHYCEAE; CIGUATERA; TOXICITY; GONYAULACALES; BREVETOXINS; SAXITOXINS
AB Background
Ciguatera is a circumtropical disease produced by polyether sodium channel toxins (ciguatoxins) that enter the marine food chain and accumulate in otherwise edible fish. Ciguatoxins, as well as potent water-soluble polyethers known as maitotoxins, are produced by certain dinoflagellate species in the genus Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa spp. in the Pacific but little is known of the potential of related Caribbean species to produce these toxins.
Methods
We established a simplified procedure for extracting polyether toxins from Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa spp. based on the ciguatoxin rapid extraction method (CREM). Fractionated extracts from identified Pacific and Caribbean isolates were analysed using a functional bioassay that recorded intracellular calcium changes (Ca2+) in response to sample addition in SH-SY5Y cells. Maitotoxin directly elevated Ca-i(2+), while low levels of ciguatoxin-like toxins were detected using veratridine to enhance responses.
Results
We identified significant maitotoxin production in 11 of 12 isolates analysed, with 6 of 12 producing at least two forms of maitotoxin. In contrast, only 2 Caribbean isolates produced detectable levels of ciguatoxin-like activity despite a detection limit of >30 pM. Significant strain-dependent differences in the levels and types of ciguatoxins and maitotoxins produced by the same Gambierdiscus spp. were also identified.
Conclusions
The ability to rapidly identify polyether toxins produced by Gambierdiscus spp. in culture has the potential to distinguish ciguatoxin-producing species prior to large-scale culture and in naturally occurring blooms of Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa spp. Our results have implications for the evaluation of ciguatera risk associated with Gambierdiscus and related species.
C1 [Lewis, Richard J.; Inserra, Marco; Vetter, Irina] Univ Queensland, Inst Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Holland, William C.; Hardison, D. Ransom; Tester, Patricia A.; Litaker, R. Wayne] Natl Ocean Serv, NOAA, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Lewis, RJ (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Inst Mol Biosci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM r.lewis@imb.uq.edu.au
OI Lewis, Richard/0000-0003-3470-923X
FU NOAA Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algae award; ECOHAB [753];
NHMRC [APP1045592]
FX All support for this work was provided by a NOAA Ecology and
Oceanography of Harmful Algae award to PT and WL, ECOHAB contribution
number 753. RJL is an NHMRC Principal Research Fellow and IV is an ARC
DECRA Fellow. NHMRC grant APP1045592 to IV. There was no additional
external funding received for this study.; Partial support for this work
was provided by a NOAA Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algae award
to PT and WL, ECOHAB contribution number 753 and an NHMRC project grant
APP1045592 (IV, MCI). RJL is an NHMRC Principal Research Fellow and IV
is an ARC Future Fellow.
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 23
U2 26
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 7
AR e0160006
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0160006
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT5IL
UT WOS:000381516100087
PM 27467390
ER
PT J
AU Chen, DJ
Allison, TC
Tong, YYJ
AF Chen, De-Jun
Allison, Thomas C.
Tong, YuYe J.
TI Mechanistic Insights into Electro-Oxidation of Solution CO on the
Polycrystalline Gold Surface as Seen by in Situ IR Spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID INFRARED-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES;
CARBON-MONOXIDE; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; OXYGEN
REDUCTION; METAL-SURFACES; ATR-FTIRAS; OXIDATION; WATER
AB Carbon monoxide (CO) adsorption and electro-oxidation on a gold (Au) ultrathin film deposited onto a silicon prism infrared (IR) window in a CO-saturated (approximate to 1 mM) 0.1 M HClO4 supporting electrolyte were investigated by in situ electrochemical attenuated-total-reflection (ATR) surface-enhanced IR reflection absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS). By varying the reaction environment with sequential (CO and N-2) purging of the supporting electrolyte and the Au surface morphology with CO annealing, we were able to assign adsorbed CO to terrace-like and step-like sites to deconvolute the corresponding time- and potential-dependent IR spectra. The results of these spectral deconvolutions suggest strongly that in the CO-saturated supporting electrolyte the weakly bound CO interacted mainly with the strongly adsorbed CO on the step-like sites and likely formed a dipolar-coupled weak interacting pair with the latter. Model ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm the existence of the weakly bound CO only over a CO monolayer adsorbed on the step-like Au sites. The weakly bound CO was also identified as the active reaction intermediate for CO oxidation reaction (COR) in the CO-saturated acidic supporting electrolyte and therefore was proposed to be largely responsible for the high COR activity frequently observed on Au electrodes.
C1 [Chen, De-Jun; Tong, YuYe J.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, 37th & O St,NW, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[Allison, Thomas C.] NIST, Chem Informat Res Grp, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8320, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tong, YYJ (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, 37th & O St,NW, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
EM yyt@georgetown.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences Catalysis program [DE-FG02-07ER15895]; Georgetown College
FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Catalysis
program under Award Number DE-FG02-07ER15895. DJC also thanks the
financial support from the Georgetown College.
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 29
BP 16132
EP 16139
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b00024
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DS4EX
UT WOS:000380735300067
ER
PT J
AU Wang, RY
Bertocci, U
Tan, HY
Bendersky, LA
Moffat, TP
AF Wang, Rongyue
Bertocci, Ugo
Tan, Haiyan
Bendersky, Leonid A.
Moffat, Thomas P.
TI Self-Terminated Electrodeposition of Ni, Co, and Fe Ultrathin Films
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; NICKEL-HYDROXIDE FILMS; IN-SITU STM;
ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION; HYDROGEN EVOLUTION; LAYERS; SURFACES;
KINETICS; COBALT; GROWTH
AB Self-terminated Fe-group metal (Ni, Co, Fe) electrodeposition occurs at potentials negative of the onset of water reduction where OH- generation leads to the formation of a blocking hydroxide monolayer. Quenching of metal deposition is accompanied by an increase in dissipative energy loss in microbalance experiments attributed to increased hydrogen bonding to the adjacent double layer. Pulse deposition at -1.5 V-SSCE in 5 mmol/L (NiCl2, CoCl2, FeSO4) - 0.1 mol/L NaCl pH 3.0 electrolytes yields fully coalesced ultrathin films of Ni, Co, Fe, or alloys thereof, on Au. The film thickness is controlled by the nucleation, growth, and termination dynamics constrained by the electrochemical cell time constant. Precipitation of bulk Ni(OH)(2) and related phases is minimized by using short deposition times and dilute metal cation concentrations to limit supersaturation. The rapid deposition of smooth, compact ultrathin Fe, Co, and Ni films should facilitate mechanistic and durability studies of Fe-group metal catalysis and the fabrication of emerging microdevices.
C1 [Wang, Rongyue; Bertocci, Ugo; Tan, Haiyan; Bendersky, Leonid A.; Moffat, Thomas P.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tan, Haiyan] Theiss Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Moffat, TP (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM thomas.moffat@nist.gov
FU NIST-Materials Measurements Laboratory programs; NIST-American Recovery
and Reinvestment Act funds
FX The work was supported by NIST-Materials Measurements Laboratory
programs. The X-ray photoelectron spectrometer was provided by
NIST-American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funds.
NR 56
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 29
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 29
BP 16228
EP 16237
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b01901
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DS4EX
UT WOS:000380735300078
ER
PT J
AU Chang, CH
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Chang, Chih-Hsuan
Nesbitt, David J.
TI High resolution spectroscopy of jet cooled phenyl radical: The nu(1) and
nu(2) a(1) symmetry C-H stretching modes
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INFRARED-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; LASER
SPECTROSCOPY; IR SPECTROSCOPY; ARGON MATRICES; INERTIA DEFECT;
GAS-PHASE; DEGREES K; MOLECULES; KINETICS
AB A series of CH stretch modes in phenyl radical (C6H5) has been investigated via high resolution infrared spectroscopy at sub-Doppler resolution (similar to 60 MHz) in a supersonic discharge slit jet expansion. Two fundamental vibrations of a(1) symmetry, nu(1) and nu(2), are observed and rotationally analyzed for the first time, corresponding to in-phase and out-of-phase symmetric CH stretch excitation at the ortho/meta/para and ortho/para C atoms with respect to the radical center. The nu(1) and nu(2) band origins are determined to be 3073.968 50(8) cm(-1) and 3062.264 80(7) cm(-1), respectively, which both agree within 5 cm(-1) with theoretical anharmonic scaling predictions based on density functional B3LYP/6-311g++(3df,3dp) calculations. Integrated band strengths for each of the CH stretch bands are analyzed, with the relative intensities agreeing remarkably well with theoretical predictions. Frequency comparison with previous low resolution Ar-matrix spectroscopy [A. V. Friderichsen et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 1977 (2001)] reveals a nearly uniform Delta nu approximate to + 10-12 cm(-1) blue shift between gas phase and Ar matrix values for nu(1) and nu(2). This differs substantially from the much smaller red shift (Delta nu approximate to -1 cm(-1)) reported for the nu(19) mode, and suggests a simple physical model in terms of vibrational mode symmetry and crowding due to the matrix environment. Finally, the infrared phenyl spectra are well described by a simple asymmetric rigid rotor Hamiltonian and show no evidence for spectral congestion due to intramolecular vibrational coupling, which bodes well for high resolution studies of other ring radicals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In summary, the combination of slit jet discharge methods with high resolution infrared lasers enables spectroscopic investigation of even highly reactive combustion and interstellar radical intermediates under gas phase, jet-cooled (T-rot approximate to 11 K) conditions.
C1 [Chang, Chih-Hsuan] Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Chang, CH (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-FG02-09ER16021]; National Science Foundation [CHE 1266416, PHYS
1125844]
FX This work was supported by grants from the Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences (Grant No. DE-FG02-09ER16021), with initial
funds for construction of the slit-jet laser spectrometer provided by
the National Science Foundation (Grant Nos. CHE 1266416 and PHYS
1125844). We would like to thank Dr. Grant Buckingham and Dr. Fang Wang
for their laboratory assistance in maintenance of the slit jet discharge
spectrometer.
NR 48
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U1 6
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 145
IS 4
AR 044304
DI 10.1063/1.4955295
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DT7PX
UT WOS:000381679800019
PM 27475358
ER
PT J
AU Lehnert, H
Stone, RP
AF Lehnert, Helmut
Stone, Robert P.
TI A comprehensive inventory of the Gulf of Alaska sponge fauna with the
description of two new species and geographic range extensions
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE new demosponges; Gulf of Alaska; North Pacific Ocean
ID ALEUTIAN ISLANDS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; ADJACENT WATERS; PORIFERA;
DEMOSPONGIAE; NOV
AB Two new species, Hamacantha (Vomerula) cassanoi n. sp. and Prosuberites salgadoi n. sp., are described from the eastern Gulf of Alaska in the North Pacific Ocean. These are the first records of the genera Hamacantha and Prosuberites from Alaska. We also report two geographic range extensions for the region. Geodia japonica Sollas, 1888 was previously known only from Japan and is now recorded from the Gulf of Alaska. We also document the first record of Rhizaxinella cervicornis Thiele, 1898 from the Gulf of Alaska. Our comprehensive inventory of the sponge fauna of the Gulf of Alaska confirms the presence of 52 taxa with an additional 38 taxa suspected of occurring in the region. This is a much lower number of species than that recorded from neighbouring regions like the Aleutian Islands and British Columbia.
C1 [Lehnert, Helmut] Eichenstr 14, D-86507 Oberottmarshausen, Germany.
[Lehnert, Helmut] GeoBioctr LMU Munchen, Richard Wagner Str 10, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
[Stone, Robert P.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, 17109 Point Lena Loop, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Lehnert, H (reprint author), Eichenstr 14, D-86507 Oberottmarshausen, Germany.
EM Lehnert@spongetaxonomics.de
FU Alaska Fisheries Science Center
FX We thank Pelagic Research Services and the captain and crew of the RV
Dorado Discovery for their assistance with the research cruise that made
these collections possible. Special thanks to ROV team leader Edward
Cassano for going the extra league. We thank Michele Masuda (Auke Bay
Laboratories) for providing Figure 1 and Bruce Ott (Khoyatan Marine
Laboratory) for providing distributional data for several species in the
Gulf of Alaska. Thanks to the Zoologische Staatssammlung, Munchen, for
providing access to the scanning electron microscope (SEM), especially
to Enrico Schwabe for help operating the SEM. Thanks to Hjalmar Kunz for
advice on Latin. Helmut Lehnert was supported by a contract from the
Alaska Fisheries Science Center. The findings and conclusions in this
paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA.
NR 62
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD JUL 28
PY 2016
VL 4144
IS 3
BP 365
EP 382
DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4144.3.5
PG 18
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DS1LL
UT WOS:000380357000005
PM 27470862
ER
PT J
AU Altieri, AS
Ladner, JE
Li, Z
Robinson, H
Sallman, ZF
Marino, JP
Kelman, Z
AF Altieri, Amanda S.
Ladner, Jane E.
Li, Zhuo
Robinson, Howard
Sallman, Zahur F.
Marino, John P.
Kelman, Zvi
TI A small protein inhibits proliferating cell nuclear antigen by breaking
the DNA clamp
SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES; FLAP ENDONUCLEASE-1;
SLIDING CLAMPS; THERMOCOCCUS-KODAKARENSIS; STRUCTURAL BASIS; PCNA;
REPLICATION; POLYMERASE; COMPLEX
AB Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) forms a trimeric ring that encircles duplex DNA and acts as an anchor for a number of proteins involved in DNA metabolic processes. PCNA has two structurally similar domains (I and II) linked by a long loop (inter-domain connector loop, IDCL) on the outside of each monomer of the trimeric structure that makes up the DNA clamp. All proteins that bind to PCNA do so via a PCNA-interacting peptide (PIP) motif that binds near the IDCL. A small protein, called TIP, binds to PCNA and inhibits PCNA-dependent activities although it does not contain a canonical PIP motif. The X-ray crystal structure of TIP bound to PCNA reveals that TIP binds to the canonical PIP interaction site, but also extends beyond it through a helix that relocates the IDCL. TIP alters the relationship between domains I and II within the PCNA monomer such that the trimeric ring structure is broken, while the individual domains largely retain their native structure. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) confirms the disruption of the PCNA trimer upon addition of the TIP protein in solution and together with the X-ray crystal data, provides a structural basis for the mechanism of PCNA inhibition by TIP.
C1 [Altieri, Amanda S.; Ladner, Jane E.; Li, Zhuo; Sallman, Zahur F.; Marino, John P.; Kelman, Zvi] Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Altieri, Amanda S.; Ladner, Jane E.; Li, Zhuo; Sallman, Zahur F.; Marino, John P.; Kelman, Zvi] NIST, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Li, Zhuo] State Ocean Adm, Inst Oceanog 3, 184 Daxue Rd, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China.
[Robinson, Howard] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Sallman, Zahur F.; Kelman, Zvi] Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Biomol Labeling Lab, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
RP Kelman, Z (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.; Kelman, Z (reprint author), NIST, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.; Kelman, Z (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Biomol Labeling Lab, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
EM zkelman@umd.edu
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology
FX National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 45
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U1 4
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1048
EI 1362-4962
J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES
JI Nucleic Acids Res.
PD JUL 27
PY 2016
VL 44
IS 13
BP 6232
EP 6241
DI 10.1093/nar/gkw351
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA DV5VR
UT WOS:000382999300022
PM 27141962
ER
PT J
AU Zou, T
Cao, HB
Liu, GQ
Peng, J
Gottschalk, M
Zhu, M
Zhao, Y
Leao, JB
Tian, W
Mao, ZQ
Ke, X
AF Zou, T.
Cao, H. B.
Liu, G. Q.
Peng, J.
Gottschalk, M.
Zhu, M.
Zhao, Y.
Leao, J. B.
Tian, W.
Mao, Z. Q.
Ke, X.
TI Pressure-induced electronic and magnetic phase transitions in a Mott
insulator: Ti-doped Ca3Ru2O7 bilayer ruthenate
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID COLOSSAL MAGNETORESISTANCE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SR2RUO4; METAL;
CA2-XSR(X)RUO4; CA2RUO4
AB We report the hydrostatic pressure-induced electronic and magnetic phase transitions in a Mott insulator, a bilayer ruthenate Ca-3(Ru0.97Ti0.03)(2)O-7, via electronic transport and single crystal neutron diffraction measurements. The system undergoes an insulator-metal transition at a very small hydrostatic pressure approximate to 0.04GPa, followed by a magnetic phase transition around 0.3 GPa, suggesting that the low energy charge fluctuation and magnetic ordering couple to the pressure separately in this compound. The ab initio calculations show that the suppressed RuO6 flattening induced by the pressure reduces the orbital polarization and gives rise to an insulator-metal transition preceding the magnetic phase transition.
C1 [Zou, T.; Gottschalk, M.; Zhu, M.; Ke, X.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Cao, H. B.; Tian, W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Liu, G. Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Ningbo Inst Mat Technol & Engn, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Peng, J.; Mao, Z. Q.] Tulane Univ, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
[Peng, J.] Nanjing Univ, Sch Phys, Lab Solid State Microstruct, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Adv Microstruct, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Y.; Leao, J. B.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhao, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Ke, X (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM ke@pa.msu.edu
RI Tian, Wei/C-8604-2013
OI Tian, Wei/0000-0001-7735-3187
FU Michigan State University; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under
Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) Grant
[DE-SC0012432]; Louisiana Board of Regents; Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [11304149, 11204326, 11474296]
FX X.K. acknowledges the start-up funds from Michigan State University.
Work at Tulane University was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) under Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research
(EPSCoR) Grant No. DE-SC0012432 with additional support from the
Louisiana Board of Regents (support for crystal growth). Work at ORNL
was supported by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, DOE. J.P. was supported by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11304149), and G.L. was supported
by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 11204326
and No. 11474296). The identification of any commercial product or trade
name does not imply endorsement or recommendation by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 33
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Z9 0
U1 14
U2 17
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 27
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 4
AR 041115
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.041115
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DT4XR
UT WOS:000381485200001
ER
PT J
AU Williams, ID
White, DJ
Sparks, RT
Lino, KC
Zamzow, JP
Kelly, ELA
Ramey, HL
AF Williams, Ivor D.
White, Darla J.
Sparks, Russell T.
Lino, Kevin C.
Zamzow, Jill P.
Kelly, Emily L. A.
Ramey, Hailey L.
TI Responses of Herbivorous Fishes and Benthos to 6 Years of Protection at
the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area, Maui
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CORAL-REEFS; MARINE RESERVE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PHASE-SHIFTS; HAWAII;
RESILIENCE; RECOVERY; RECRUITMENT; COMMUNITIES; MACROALGAE
AB In response to concerns about declining coral cover and recurring macroalgal blooms, in 2009 the State of Hawaii established the Kahekili Herbivore Fisheries Management Area (KHFMA). Within the KHFMA, herbivorous fishes and sea urchins are protected, but other fishing is allowed. As part of a multi-agency monitoring effort, we conducted surveys at KHFMA and comparison sites around Maui starting 19 months before closure, and over the six years since implementation of herbivore protection. Mean parrotfish and surgeonfish biomass both increased within the KHFMA (by 139% [95% QR (quantile range): 98-181%] and 28%[95% QR: 3-52%] respectively). Most of those gains were of small-to-medium sized species, whereas large-bodied species have not recovered, likely due to low levels of poaching on what are preferred fishery targets in Hawaii. Nevertheless, coincident with greater biomass of herbivores within the KHFMA, cover of crustose coralline algae (CCA) has increased from similar to 2% before closure to similar to 15% in 2015, and macroalgal cover has remained low throughout the monitoring period. Strong evidence that changes in the KHFMA were a consequence of herbivore management are that (i) there were no changes in biomass of unprotected fish families within the KHFMA; and that (ii) there were no similar changes in parrotfish or CCA at comparison sites around Maui. It is not yet clear how effective herbivore protection might eventually be for the KHFMA's ultimate goal of coral recovery. Coral cover declined over the first few years of surveys-from 39.6%(SE 1.4%) in 2008, to 32.9%(SE 0.8%) in 2012, with almost all of that loss occurring by 2010 (1 year after closure), i.e. before meaningful herbivore recovery had occurred. Coral cover subsequently stabilized and may have slightly increased from 2012 through early 2015. However, a region-wide bleaching event in 2015 had already led to some coral mortality by the time surveys were conducted in late 2015, at which time cover had dropped back to levels recorded in the KHFMA in 2012.
C1 [Williams, Ivor D.; Lino, Kevin C.; Zamzow, Jill P.] NOAA, Coral Reef Ecosyst Program, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, 1845 Wasp Blvd,Bldg 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[White, Darla J.; Sparks, Russell T.] Maui Off, Div Aquat Resources, Dept Land & Nat Resources, 130 Mahalani St, Wailuku, HI USA.
[Lino, Kevin C.; Zamzow, Jill P.] Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, 1000 Pope Rd, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Kelly, Emily L. A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Ramey, Hailey L.] 225 Punakea Loop, Lahaina, HI USA.
RP Williams, ID (reprint author), NOAA, Coral Reef Ecosyst Program, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, 1845 Wasp Blvd,Bldg 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
EM ivor.williams@noaa.gov
FU Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative Research Program; NOAA Coral Reef
Conservation Program [20482, F200, F374, 30102]
FX In 2008 and 2009, this project was funded by the Hawaii Coral Reef
Initiative Research Program
(http://www.hcri.ssri.hawaii.edu/research/research.html) for the
project: 'An Ecosystem Recovery Area in Maui coastal waters: Kahekili'.
Between 2010 and 2015, this project was funded by grants from the NOAA
Coral Reef Conservation Program (http://coralreef.noaa.gov) under grants
#20482, #F200, #F374, and #30102. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 66
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U1 17
U2 22
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 27
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 7
AR e0159100
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159100
PG 20
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT5IJ
UT WOS:000381515900026
PM 27462981
ER
PT J
AU McDuffie, EE
Edwards, PM
Gilman, JB
Lerner, BM
Dube, WP
Trainer, M
Wolfe, DE
Angevine, WM
deGouw, J
Williams, EJ
Tevlin, AG
Murphy, JG
Fischer, EV
McKeen, S
Ryerson, TB
Peischl, J
Holloway, JS
Aikin, K
Langford, AO
Senff, CJ
Alvarez, RJ
Hall, SR
Ullmann, K
Lantz, KO
Brown, SS
AF McDuffie, Erin E.
Edwards, Peter M.
Gilman, Jessica B.
Lerner, Brian M.
Dube, William P.
Trainer, Michael
Wolfe, Daniel E.
Angevine, Wayne M.
deGouw, Joost
Williams, Eric J.
Tevlin, Alex G.
Murphy, Jennifer G.
Fischer, Emily V.
McKeen, Stuart
Ryerson, Thomas B.
Peischl, Jeff
Holloway, John S.
Aikin, Kenneth
Langford, Andrew O.
Senff, Christoph J.
Alvarez, Raul J., II
Hall, Samuel R.
Ullmann, Kirk
Lantz, Kathy O.
Brown, Steven S.
TI Influence of oil and gas emissions on summertime ozone in the Colorado
Northern Front Range
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID RING-DOWN SPECTROSCOPY; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; GREEN RIVER-BASIN;
DENVER CYCLONE; AIR-QUALITY; ATMOSPHERIC LEVELS; REACTIVE NITROGEN;
REGIONAL OZONE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; CRDS TECHNIQUE
AB Tropospheric O-3 has been decreasing across much of the eastern U.S. but has remained steady or even increased in some western regions. Recent increases in VOC and NOx emissions associated with the production of oil and natural gas (O&NG) may contribute to this trend in some areas. The Northern Front Range of Colorado has regularly exceeded O-3 air quality standards during summertime in recent years. This region has VOC emissions from a rapidly developing O&NG basin and low concentrations of biogenic VOC in close proximity to urban-Denver NOx emissions. Here VOC OH reactivity (OHR), O-3 production efficiency (OPE), and an observationally constrained box model are used to quantify the influence of O&NG emissions on regional summertime O-3 production. Analyses are based on measurements acquired over two summers at a central location within the Northern Front Range that lies between major regional O&NG and urban emission sectors. Observational analyses suggest that mixing obscures any OPE differences in air primarily influenced by O&NG or urban emission sector. The box model confirms relatively modest OPE differences that are within the uncertainties of the field observations. Box model results also indicate that maximum O-3 at the measurement location is sensitive to changes in NOx mixing ratio but also responsive to O&NG VOC reductions. Combined, these analyses show that O&NG alkanes contribute over 80% to the observed carbon mixing ratio, roughly 50% to the regional VOC OHR, and approximately 20% to regional photochemical O-3 production.
C1 [McDuffie, Erin E.; Lerner, Brian M.; Dube, William P.; Wolfe, Daniel E.; Angevine, Wayne M.; McKeen, Stuart; Peischl, Jeff; Holloway, John S.; Aikin, Kenneth; Senff, Christoph J.; Lantz, Kathy O.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[McDuffie, Erin E.; Gilman, Jessica B.; Lerner, Brian M.; Dube, William P.; Trainer, Michael; Angevine, Wayne M.; deGouw, Joost; Williams, Eric J.; McKeen, Stuart; Ryerson, Thomas B.; Peischl, Jeff; Holloway, John S.; Aikin, Kenneth; Langford, Andrew O.; Senff, Christoph J.; Alvarez, Raul J., II; Brown, Steven S.] NOAA, Chem Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[McDuffie, Erin E.; deGouw, Joost; Brown, Steven S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Edwards, Peter M.] Univ York, Dept Chem, York, N Yorkshire, England.
[Wolfe, Daniel E.] NOAA, Phys Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Tevlin, Alex G.; Murphy, Jennifer G.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Fischer, Emily V.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hall, Samuel R.; Ullmann, Kirk] NCAR, Atmospher Chem Observat & Modeling Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Lantz, Kathy O.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Brown, SS (reprint author), NOAA, Chem Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.; Brown, SS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM steven.s.brown@noaa.gov
RI de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Peischl, Jeff/E-7454-2010; Langford,
Andrew/D-2323-2009; Murphy, Jennifer/C-2367-2011; Edwards,
Peter/H-5236-2013; Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; McDuffie,
Erin/F-7268-2016; Gilman, Jessica/E-7751-2010; Aikin,
Kenneth/I-1973-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101;
Langford, Andrew/0000-0002-2932-7061; Edwards,
Peter/0000-0002-1076-6793; McDuffie, Erin/0000-0002-6845-6077; Gilman,
Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948;
FU NOAA's Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle, and Climate Program;
Colorado Department of Public Health and the Environment (CDPHE)
FX This work was supported by NOAA's Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle,
and Climate Program. We thank Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Eric C. Apel, and
Alan J. Hills for TOGA data from FRAPPE 2014 and comments during the
manuscript preparation process. We thank Betsy Weatherhead for her
contribution to the statistical analysis. We also thank Patrick Reddy
for insightful comments and discussion during preparation and Frank
Flocke and Gabriele Pfister for FRAPPE campaign orgnization. Emily V.
Fischer acknowledges support from the Colorado Department of Public
Health and the Environment (CDPHE). Meteorological data from the Boulder
Atmospheric Observatory (2012 and 2014) are available at
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/technology/bao/ and
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/data/?category=Ozone&site=BAO, SONNE
data available at http://esrl.noaa.gov/csd, FRAPPE data are available at
http://www-air.larc.nasa.gov, NASA OMI total O3 column
available at http://mirador.gsfc.nasa.gov, and CalNEX CO and VOCs are
available at http://esrl.noaa.gov/csd. All referenced supplemental text,
figures, and tables can be found in the supporting information.
NR 76
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U2 22
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 14
BP 8712
EP 8729
DI 10.1002/2016JD025265
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT6YX
UT WOS:000381632100034
ER
PT J
AU Alfaro-Nunez, A
Bojesen, AM
Bertelsen, MF
Wales, N
Balazs, GH
Gilbert, MTP
AF Alfaro-Nunez, Alonzo
Bojesen, Anders Miki
Bertelsen, Mads F.
Wales, Nathan
Balazs, George H.
Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
TI Further evidence of Chelonid herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) latency: high levels
of ChHV5 DNA detected in clinically healthy marine turtles
SO PEERJ
LA English
DT Article
DE Chelonid herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5); Fibropapillomatosis (FP); Glycoprotein
B; Clinically healthy; Quantitative PCR; Viral loads; Ubiquitous;
Asymptomatic
ID FIBROPAPILLOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; SIMPLEX-VIRUS; GREEN TURTLES;
SEA-TURTLES; MYDAS; ESTABLISHMENT; PROTEINS; EXPOSURE; ASSAY
AB The Chelonid herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) has been consistently associated with fibropapillomatosis (FP), a transmissible neoplastic disease of marine turtles. Whether ChHV5 plays a causal role remains debated, partly because while FP tumours have been clearly documented to contain high concentrations of ChHV5 DNA, recent PCR-based studies have demonstrated that large proportions of asymptomatic marine turtles are also carriers of ChHV5. We used a real-time PCR assay to quantify the levels of ChHV5 Glycoprotein B (gB) DNA in both tumour and non-tumour skin tissues, from clinically affected and healthy turtles drawn from distant ocean basins across four species. In agreement with previous studies, higher ratios of viral to host DNA were consistently observed in tumour versus non-tumour tissues in turtles with FP. Unexpectedly however, the levels of ChHV5 gB DNA in clinically healthy turtles were significantly higher than in non-tumour tissues from FP positive turtles. Thus, a large proportion of clinically healthy sea turtle populations worldwide across species carry ChHV5 gB DNA presumably through persistent latent infections. ChHV5 appears to be ubiquitous regardless of the animals' clinical conditions. Hence, these results support the theory that ChHV5 is a near ubiquitous virus with latency characteristics requiring co-factors, possibly environmental or immune related, to induce FP.
C1 [Alfaro-Nunez, Alonzo; Wales, Nathan; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr GeoGenet, Sect Evolutionary Genom, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
[Alfaro-Nunez, Alonzo] Escuela Super Politecn Litoral, Biomed Labs, Fac Ciencias Vida, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
[Bojesen, Anders Miki] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Dept Vet Dis Biol, Vet Clin Microbiol, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Bertelsen, Mads F.] Copenhagen Zoo, Ctr Zoo & Wild Anim Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Balazs, George H.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Gilbert, M. Thomas P.] Curtin Univ Technol, Sch Environm & Agr, Trace & Environm DNA Lab, Perth, WA, Australia.
RP Alfaro-Nunez, A (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr GeoGenet, Sect Evolutionary Genom, Copenhagen K, Denmark.; Alfaro-Nunez, A (reprint author), Escuela Super Politecn Litoral, Biomed Labs, Fac Ciencias Vida, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
EM alonzoalfaro@gmail.com
OI Bertelsen, Mads/0000-0001-9201-7499; Wales, Nathan/0000-0003-0359-8450
FU Lundbeck Foundation Grant [R52-A5062]
FX This project study was funded by the Lundbeck Foundation Grant
R52-A5062. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 32
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U1 9
U2 10
PU PEERJ INC
PI LONDON
PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND
SN 2167-8359
J9 PEERJ
JI PeerJ
PD JUL 27
PY 2016
VL 4
AR e2274
DI 10.7717/peerj.2274
PG 16
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DS4HU
UT WOS:000380742900006
PM 27547576
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LL
Guo, YZ
Hassan, VV
Tang, KC
Foad, MA
Woicik, JC
Pianetta, P
Robertson, J
McIntyre, PC
AF Zhang, Liangliang
Guo, Yuzheng
Hassan, Vinayak Vishwanath
Tang, Kechao
Foad, Majeed A.
Woicik, Joseph C.
Pianetta, Piero
Robertson, John
McIntyre, Paul C.
TI Interface Engineering for Atomic Layer Deposited Alumina Gate Dielectric
on SiGe Substrates
SO ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
LA English
DT Article
DE SiGe; Al2O3; interface traps; MOSCAP; atomic layer deposition; high-k
ID MOS; PASSIVATION; IMPACT
AB Optimization of the interface between high-k dielectrics and SiGe substrates is a challenging topic due to the complexity arising from the coexistence of Si and Ge interfacial oxides. Defective high-k/SiGe interfaces limit future applications of SiGe as a channel material for electronic devices. In this paper, we identify the surface layer structure of as-received SiGe and Al2O3/SiGe structures based on soft and hard Xray photoelectron spectroscopy. As-received SiGe substrates have native SiOx/GeOx surface layers, where the GeOx-rich layer is beneath a SiOx-rich surface. Silicon oxide regrows on the SiGe surface during Al2O3 atomic layer deposition, and both SiOx and GeOx regrow during forming gas anneal in the presence of a Pt gate metal. The resulting mixed SiOx-GeOx interface layer causes large interface trap densities (D-it) due to distorted Ge-O bonds across the interface. In contrast, we observe that oxygen-scavenging Al top gates decompose the underlying SiOx/GeOx, in a selective fashion, leaving an ultrathin SiOx interfacial layer that exhibits dramatically reduced D-it.
C1 [Zhang, Liangliang] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Guo, Yuzheng; Robertson, John] Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England.
[Hassan, Vinayak Vishwanath; Foad, Majeed A.] Appl Mat Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA.
[Tang, Kechao; McIntyre, Paul C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Woicik, Joseph C.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pianetta, Piero] SLAC Natl Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP McIntyre, PC (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM pcm1@stanford.edu
RI Zhang, Liangliang/M-5878-2016
OI Zhang, Liangliang/0000-0001-7862-2414
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD JUL 27
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 29
BP 19110
EP 19118
DI 10.1021/acsami.6b03331
PG 9
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DS4EZ
UT WOS:000380735500054
PM 27345195
ER
PT J
AU Karstens, CD
Shourd, KN
Speheger, D
Anderson, A
Smith, R
Andra, D
Smith, TM
Lakshmanan, V
Erickson, SA
AF Karstens, Christopher D.
Shourd, Kacie N.
Speheger, Doug
Anderson, Aaron
Smith, Richard
Andra, David
Smith, Travis M.
Lakshmanan, Valliappa
Erickson, Somer A.
TI Evaluation of Near Real-Time Preliminary Tornado Damage Paths
SO JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB The ability to preliminarily diagnose areas damaged by a tornado is examined using both a manual and an automated approach. The manual method consists of using Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler base data to track radar-indicated centroids of low-level rotation over the entirety of a tornado event. The automated method utilizes 0.2- and 3.6-km AGL azimuthal shear from the Multi-Radar Multi-Sensor system to link together a series of strong azimuthal shear clusters and create a proposed damage path polygon. The quality of each method's diagnosis is evaluated using traditional verification metrics derived from an object-based geospatial verification technique. These metrics indicate that the preliminary damage paths from the manual method better detect damaged areas with less false area denoted, compared to preliminary damage paths from the automated method. However, the preliminary damage paths from all methods fall short of detecting the entirety of damaged areas, and they also denote large areas in the damage path vicinity that were not affected. Potential avenues for future research and applications are described.
C1 [Karstens, Christopher D.; Smith, Travis M.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Karstens, Christopher D.; Smith, Travis M.] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Shourd, Kacie N.] Univ Nevada, Atmospher Sci Grad Program, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Speheger, Doug; Anderson, Aaron; Smith, Richard; Andra, David] NOAA, NWS, Weather Forecast Off, Norman, OK USA.
[Lakshmanan, Valliappa] Google, Seattle, WA USA.
[Erickson, Somer A.] DHS, FEMA, Washington, DC USA.
[Erickson, Somer A.] NOAA, NWS, Storm Predict Ctr, Norman, OK USA.
RP Karstens, CD (reprint author), 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM chris.karstens@noaa.gov
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL WEATHER ASSOC
PI NORMAN
PA 350 DAVID L BOREN BLVD, STE 2750, NORMAN, OK USA
SN 2325-6184
J9 J OPER METEOROL
JI J. Oper. Meteorol.
PD JUL 26
PY 2016
VL 4
IS 10
BP 132
EP 141
DI 10.15191/nwajom.2016.0410
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA EC9VL
UT WOS:000388492300001
ER
PT J
AU Jia, D
Zuo, TS
Rogers, S
Cheng, H
Hammouda, B
Han, CC
AF Jia, Di
Zuo, Taisen
Rogers, Sarah
Cheng, He
Hammouda, Boualem
Han, Charles C.
TI Re-entrance of Poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) in D2O/d-Ethanol Mixture at
27 degrees C
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID REENTRANT PHASE-TRANSITION; ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; TO-COIL
TRANSITION; WATER/METHANOL MIXTURES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS;
N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; MIXED-SOLVENTS;
POLY(N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE); CONONSOLVENCY
AB The re-entrance of poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (PDEA) in D2O/d-ethanol mixtures (i.e., the coil-to-spherical aggregates-to-coil transition) has been observed at 27 degrees C by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). PDEA has a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase diagram in the D2O-rich region and is soluble in the D2O-poor region for all of the observed temperature ranges. Its spinodal temperature decreases first from 33.5 degrees C in pure D2O to 26.7 degrees C in 80% D2O/20% d-ethanol and then increases to 283.1 degrees C in 50% D2O/50% d-ethanol. With the further decrease of D2O content, PDEA dissolves well, and its phase boundary can no longer be observed by SANS. Therefore, at 27 degrees C, PDEA dissolves as random coils when the D2O content is higher than 90% and then collapses and aggregates to form the globule phase in 20% D2O/80% d-ethanol; finally, it reswells and behaves as random coils again with excluded volume in the D2O-poor region. The ternary random phase approximation model (RPA) is used to analyze the SANS profiles, and three Flory-Huggins interaction parameters (chi(PDEA-d-ethanol), chi(PDEA-D2O), and chi(d-ethanol-D2O)) are obtained. When a small amount of d-ethanol is added to the system, it has a strong interaction with D2O, so it directly gets distributed into the water structure and makes a negative contribution to the dissolution of PDEA (chi(d-ethanol-D2O) much smaller than chi(PDEA-d-ethanol) and chi(PDEA-D2O)). With the addition of more d-ethanol, its interaction with water becomes weaker, but still stronger than those between PDEA-D2O and PDEA-d-ethanol. Neither d-ethanol nor D2O wants to help the dissolution of PDEA in the first place, until the structure of mixed solvents tends to be pure d-ethanol in the D2O-poor region.
C1 [Jia, Di; Zuo, Taisen; Cheng, He] Chinese Acad Sci, IHEP, CSNS, Dongguan 523803, Peoples R China.
[Jia, Di; Zuo, Taisen; Cheng, He] DINS, Dongguan 523808, Peoples R China.
[Rogers, Sarah] STFC, ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Lab, Chilton OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Hammouda, Boualem] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Han, Charles C.] Shenzhen Univ, Inst Adv Study, Shenzhen 518060, Peoples R China.
RP Cheng, H (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, IHEP, CSNS, Dongguan 523803, Peoples R China.; Cheng, H (reprint author), DINS, Dongguan 523808, Peoples R China.; Hammouda, B (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Han, CC (reprint author), Shenzhen Univ, Inst Adv Study, Shenzhen 518060, Peoples R China.
EM chenghe@ihep.ac.cn; hammouda@nist.gov; c.c.han@szu.edu.cn
FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB821500];
UK-China Newton project; National Natural Scientific Foundation of China
[21474119]; US National Science Foundation [DMR-1508249]
FX The financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China
(973 Program, 2012CB821500), the UK-China Newton project, and National
Natural Scientific Foundation of China (No. 21474119) is gratefully
acknowledged. The identification of commercial products does not imply
endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology nor
does it imply that these are the best for the purpose. This work is
based upon activities supported in part by the US National Science
Foundation under Agreement DMR-1508249.
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 13
U2 18
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
EI 1520-5835
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JUL 26
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 14
BP 5152
EP 5159
DI 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00785
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DS2FG
UT WOS:000380576900017
ER
PT J
AU Briggs, KT
Giulian, GG
Li, G
Kao, JPY
Marino, JP
AF Briggs, Katharine T.
Giulian, Gary G.
Li, Gong
Kao, Joseph P. Y.
Marino, John P.
TI A Molecular Model for Lithium's Bioactive Form
SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID BIPOLAR DISORDER; ATP BINDING; RECEPTORS; COMPETITION; MAGNESIUM; MG2+;
ACTIVATION; COMPLEXES; NEURONS; LI+
AB Lithium carbonate, a drug for the treatment of bipolar disorder, provides mood stability to mitigate recurrent episodes of mania and/or depression. Despite its long-term and widespread use, the mechanism by which lithium acts to elicit these psychological changes has remained unknown. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods, in this study we characterized the association of lithium with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and identified a bimetallic (Mg.Li) ATP complex. Lithium's affinity to form this complex was found to be relatively high (K-d similar to 1.6 mM) compared with other monovalent cations and relevant, considering lithium dosing and physiological concentrations of Mg2+ and ATP. The ATP.Mg.Li complex reveals, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that lithium can associate with magnesium-bound phosphate sites and then act to modulate purine receptor activity in neuronal cells, suggesting a molecular mode for in vivo lithium action.
C1 [Briggs, Katharine T.; Giulian, Gary G.; Marino, John P.] Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, NIST, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Li, Gong; Kao, Joseph P. Y.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Biomed Engn & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Li, Gong] Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Dept Neural & Pain Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Kao, Joseph P. Y.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
RP Marino, JP (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, NIST, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
EM john.marino@nist.gov
FU NIH [GM056481]; UMD Dean's Matching Fund for NIH Training Grant in Cell
and Molecular Biology [T32GM080201]
FX This work was supported by grants from the NIH, GM056481 (J.P.Y.K.) and
UMD Dean's Matching Fund for NIH Training Grant in Cell and Molecular
Biology, T32GM080201 (K.T.B.).
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 5
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0006-3495
EI 1542-0086
J9 BIOPHYS J
JI Biophys. J.
PD JUL 26
PY 2016
VL 111
IS 2
BP 294
EP 300
DI 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.06.015
PG 7
WC Biophysics
SC Biophysics
GA DS1QO
UT WOS:000380371500007
PM 27463132
ER
PT J
AU Senses, E
Faraone, A
Akcora, P
AF Senses, Erkan
Faraone, Antonio
Akcora, Pinar
TI Microscopic Chain Motion in Polymer Nanocomposites with Dynamically
Asymmetric Interphases
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); IMMOBILIZED POLYMER;
GLASS-TRANSITION; T-G; VISCOSITY; REDUCTION; INTERFACE; MECHANISM;
LAYERS
AB Dynamics of the interphase region between matrix and bound polymers on nanoparticles is important to understand the macroscopic rheological properties of nanocomposites. Here, we present neutron scattering investigations on nanocomposites with dynamically asymmetric interphases formed by a high-glass transition temperature polymer, poly(methyl methacrylate), adsorbed on nanoparticles and a low-glass transition temperature miscible matrix, poly(ethylene oxide). By taking advantage of selective isotope labeling of the chains, we studied the role of interfacial polymer on segmental and collective dynamics of the matrix chains from subnanoseconds to 100 nanoseconds. Our results show that the Rouse relaxation remains unchanged in a weakly attractive composite system while the dynamics significantly slows down in a strongly attractive composite. More importantly, the chains disentangle with a remarkable increase of the reptation tube size when the bound polymer is vitreous. The glassy and rubbery states of the bound polymer as temperature changes underpin the macroscopic stiffening of nanocomposites.
C1 [Senses, Erkan; Faraone, Antonio] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Senses, Erkan] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Akcora, Pinar] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
RP Senses, E (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Senses, E (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Akcora, P (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
EM erkan.senses@nist.gov; pinar.akcora@stevens.edu
FU NSF-CMMI-MEP [1538725]; NSF [DMR-092252]; National Science Foundation
[DMR-1508249]
FX P.A. gratefully acknowledges financial support from NSF-CMMI-MEP
(#1538725). This research used microscope resources partially funded by
NSF through Grant DMR-092252. This work utilized facilities supported in
part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-1508249.
NR 58
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 11
U2 15
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUL 26
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 29326
DI 10.1038/srep29326
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DR9IP
UT WOS:000380210600001
PM 27457056
ER
PT J
AU Richardson, DE
Marancik, KE
Guyon, JR
Lutcavage, ME
Galuardi, B
Lam, CH
Walsh, HJ
Wildes, S
Yates, DA
Hare, JA
AF Richardson, David E.
Marancik, Katrin E.
Guyon, Jeffrey R.
Lutcavage, Molly E.
Galuardi, Benjamin
Lam, Chi Hin
Walsh, Harvey J.
Wildes, Sharon
Yates, Douglas A.
Hare, Jonathan A.
TI REPLY TO SAFINA AND WALTER ET AL.: Multiple lines of evidence for
size-structured spawning migrations in western Atlantic bluefin tuna
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Letter
ID THUNNUS-THYNNUS; GULF
C1 [Richardson, David E.; Marancik, Katrin E.; Walsh, Harvey J.; Hare, Jonathan A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Ecosyst Proc Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Marancik, Katrin E.] Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Integrated Stat, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Guyon, Jeffrey R.; Wildes, Sharon; Yates, Douglas A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Genet Program, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Lutcavage, Molly E.; Lam, Chi Hin] Univ Massachusetts Boston, Sch Environm, Large Pelag Res Ctr, Gloucester, MA 01931 USA.
[Galuardi, Benjamin] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Fairhaven, MA 02719 USA.
[Galuardi, Benjamin] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Greater Atlantic Reg Fisheries Off, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
RP Richardson, DE (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Ecosyst Proc Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM david.richardson@noaa.gov
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUL 26
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 30
BP E4262
EP E4263
DI 10.1073/pnas.1607666113
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DS1HJ
UT WOS:000380346200003
PM 27436889
ER
PT J
AU Walter, JF
Porch, CE
Lauretta, MV
Cass-Calay, SL
Brown, CA
AF Walter, John F., III
Porch, Clay E.
Lauretta, Matt V.
Cass-Calay, Shannon L.
Brown, Craig A.
TI Implications of alternative spawning for bluefin tuna remain unclear
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Letter
ID THUNNUS-THYNNUS; INDEXES; LARVAE
C1 [Walter, John F., III; Porch, Clay E.; Lauretta, Matt V.; Cass-Calay, Shannon L.; Brown, Craig A.] US Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Walter, JF (reprint author), US Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM john.f.walter@noaa.gov
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 4
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUL 26
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 30
BP E4259
EP E4260
DI 10.1073/pnas.1605962113
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DS1HJ
UT WOS:000380346200001
PM 27436890
ER
PT J
AU Attota, RK
Weck, P
Kramar, JA
Bunday, B
Vartanian, V
AF Attota, Ravi Kiran
Weck, Peter
Kramar, John A.
Bunday, Benjamin
Vartanian, Victor
TI Feasibility study on 3-D shape analysis of high-aspect-ratio features
using through-focus scanning optical microscopy
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID METROLOGY; NODE
AB In-line metrologies currently used in the semiconductor industry are being challenged by the aggressive pace of device scaling and the adoption of novel device architectures. Metrology and process control of three-dimensional (3-D) high-aspect-ratio (HAR) features are becoming increasingly important and also challenging. In this paper we present a feasibility study of through-focus scanning optical microscopy (TSOM) for 3-D shape analysis of HAR features. TSOM makes use of 3-D optical data collected using a conventional optical microscope for 3-D shape analysis. Simulation results of trenches and holes down to the 11 nm node are presented. The ability of TSOM to analyze an array of HAR features or a single isolated HAR feature is also presented. This allows for the use of targets with area over 100 times smaller than that of conventional gratings, saving valuable real estate on the wafers. Indications are that the sensitivity of TSOM may match or exceed the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) measurement requirements for the next several years. Both simulations and preliminary experimental results are presented. The simplicity, lowcost, high throughput, and nanometer scale 3-D shape sensitivity of TSOM make it an attractive inspection and process monitoring solution for nanomanufacturing. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Attota, Ravi Kiran; Kramar, John A.] NIST, Div Engn Phys, PML, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Weck, Peter] Swarthmore Coll, 500 Coll Ave, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA.
[Bunday, Benjamin; Vartanian, Victor] SUNY Albany, Politech SEMATECH, 257 Fuller Rd,Suite 2200, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
RP Attota, RK (reprint author), NIST, Div Engn Phys, PML, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ravikiran.attota@nist.gov
FU Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) program of NIST; Summer
Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) program of NSF
FX Yuki Chiba, Timothy Gilday, and Akiteru Ko from Tokyo Electron were very
helpful in performing the HAR etch, and James Nadeau of FEI performed
the cross-section of these features. The authors also thank Hyeong-Gon
Kang for miscellaneous help and the Summer Undergraduate Research
Fellowship (SURF) program of NIST and NSF for providing an internship to
Peter Weck.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 25
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 15
BP 16574
EP 16585
DI 10.1364/OE.24.016574
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DX9LB
UT WOS:000384715800038
PM 27464112
ER
PT J
AU Shao, L
Gorman, JJ
AF Shao, Lei
Gorman, Jason J.
TI Pulsed laser interferometry with sub-picometer resolution using
quadrature detection
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
AB Femtosecond pulsed laser interferometry has important applications in measuring picometer-level displacements on sub-nanosecond time scales. In this paper, we experimentally examine its achievable displacement resolution, as well as the relationship between the laser's optical spectrum and the interferometer's effective wavelength. The resulting broadband displacement noise and noise floor of the pulsed laser Michelson interferometer are equivalent to that achieved with a stabilized continuous wave HeNe laser, where values of 1.01 nm RMS and 27.75 fm/root Hz have been demonstrated. It is also shown that a single effective wavelength can accurately describe the fringes of the pulsed laser interferometer but the effective wavelength value can only be determined from the optical spectrum under certain conditions. These results will be used for time-resolved displacement metrology with picosecond temporal resolution in the future. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Shao, Lei; Gorman, Jason J.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8212, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Shao, Lei] Univ Michigan, GG Brown Lab, 2350 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Gorman, JJ (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8212, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM gorman@nist.gov
OI Shao, Lei/0000-0001-7385-9033
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Department of
Commerce, USA [70NANB14H320]
FX National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Department of
Commerce, USA (70NANB14H320).
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 25
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 15
BP 17459
EP 17469
DI 10.1364/OE.24.017459
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DX9LB
UT WOS:000384715800119
PM 27464192
ER
PT J
AU Cornick, LA
Quakenbush, LT
Norman, SA
Pasi, C
Maslyk, P
Burek, KA
Goertz, CEC
Hobbs, RC
AF Cornick, Leslie A.
Quakenbush, Lori T.
Norman, Stephanie A.
Pasi, Coral
Maslyk, Pamela
Burek, Kathy A.
Goertz, Caroline E. C.
Hobbs, Roderick C.
TI Seasonal and developmental differences in blubber stores of beluga
whales in Bristol Bay, Alaska using high-resolution ultrasound
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE beluga whale; blubber stores; body composition; Delphinapterus leucas;
ultrasound
ID PORPOISES PHOCOENA-PHOCOENA; SEALS PHOCA-VITULINA;
DELPHINAPTERUS-LEUCAS; HARBOR SEALS; TOPOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION;
EUMETOPIAS-JUBATUS; BODY-COMPOSITION; WHITE WHALES; THICKNESS; ATLANTIC
AB Diving mammals use blubber for a variety of structural and physiological functions, including buoyancy, streamlining, thermoregulation, and energy storage. Estimating blubber stores provides proxies for body condition, nutritional status, and health. Blubber stores may vary topographically within individuals, across seasons, and with age, sex, and reproductive status; therefore, a single full-depth blubber biopsy does not provide an accurate measure of blubber depth, and additional biopsies are limited because they result in open wounds. We examined high-resolution ultrasound as a noninvasive method for assessing blubber stores by sampling blubber depth at 11 locations on beluga whales in Alaska. Blubber mass was estimated as a proportion of body mass (40% from the literature) and compared to a function of volume calculated using ultrasound blubber depth measurements in a truncated cone. Blubber volume was converted to total and mass-specific blubber mass estimates based on the density of beluga blubber. There was no significant difference in mean total blubber mass between the 2 estimates (R-2 = 0.88); however, body mass alone predicted only 68% of the variation in mass-specific blubber stores in juveniles, 7% for adults in the fall, and 33% for adults in the spring. Mass-specific blubber stores calculated from ultrasound measurements were highly variable. Adults had significantly greater blubber stores in the fall (0.48 +/- 0.02 kg/kg(MB)) than in the spring (0.33 +/- 0.02 kg/kg(MB)). There was no seasonal effect in juveniles. High-resolution ultrasound is a more powerful, noninvasive method for assessing blubber stores in wild belugas, allowing for precise measurements at multiple locations.
C1 [Cornick, Leslie A.; Pasi, Coral; Maslyk, Pamela] Alaska Pacific Univ, 4101 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Quakenbush, Lori T.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, 1300 Coll Rd, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Norman, Stephanie A.] Marine Med, 24225 15th Pl SE, Bothell, WA 98021 USA.
[Burek, Kathy A.] Alaska Vet Pathol Serv, 23834 Clearing Dr, Eagle River, AK 99577 USA.
[Goertz, Caroline E. C.] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, POB 1329, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
[Hobbs, Roderick C.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Cornick, LA (reprint author), Alaska Pacific Univ, 4101 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM lcornick@alaskapacific.edu
FU Pollock Conservation Cooperative; NOAA
FX This work was funded by grants to LAC from NOAA and the Pollock
Conservation Cooperative. Bristol Bay samples were collected under NOAA
marine mammal research permit #s 712-1719 and 14245 issued to the
National Marine Mammal Laboratory. Pt. Lay samples were collected with
the permission of the North Slope Borough under ADFG permit #10091
issued to the Alaska Department of Fish and Game. The authors would like
to thank R. Suydam for facilitating collection of Pt. Lay samples, L.
Pinney, L. Saxon-Kendal, and J. Henning for sample processing in Pt.
Lay, and the Georgia Aquarium and Mystic Aquarium for morphological
measurements of captive whales. We would also like to thank the entire
team of the Bristol Bay health assessment project for their assistance
in the collection of these data. Two anonymous reviewers greatly
improved the quality of this manuscript.
NR 42
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U2 15
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-2372
EI 1545-1542
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD JUL 25
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 4
BP 1238
EP 1248
DI 10.1093/jmammal/gyw074
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DV9LN
UT WOS:000383262100021
ER
PT J
AU Gullans, MJ
Stehlik, J
Liu, YY
Eichler, C
Petta, JR
Taylor, JM
AF Gullans, M. J.
Stehlik, J.
Liu, Y. -Y.
Eichler, C.
Petta, J. R.
Taylor, J. M.
TI Sisyphus Thermalization of Photons in a Cavity-Coupled Double Quantum
Dot
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE FLUORESCENCE; TOPOLOGICAL INSULATOR; SUPERCONDUCTING QUBIT;
STATES; LOCALIZATION; COHERENT; SYSTEMS; TRANSITION; CIRCUIT; LIGHT
AB We investigate the nonclassical states of light that emerge in a microwave resonator coupled to a periodically driven electron in a nanowire double quantum dot (DQD). Under certain drive configurations, we find that the resonator approaches a thermal state at the temperature of the surrounding substrate with a chemical potential given by a harmonic of the drive frequency. Away from these thermal regions we find regions of gain and loss, where the system can lase, or regions where the DQD acts as a single-photon source. These effects are observable in current devices and have broad utility for quantum optics with microwave photons.
C1 [Gullans, M. J.; Taylor, J. M.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gullans, M. J.; Taylor, J. M.] Univ Maryland, Joint Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Stehlik, J.; Liu, Y. -Y.; Eichler, C.; Petta, J. R.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Gullans, MJ (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Gullans, MJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Joint Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RI Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011
OI Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594
FU NSF; NSF Physics Frontier at the JQI; Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation's EPiQS Initiative [GBMF4535]; Packard Foundation; National
Science Foundation [DMR-1409556, DMR-1420541]
FX M. J. G. and J. M. T. would like to thank the Kavli Institute for
Theoretical Physics where some of this work was completed. This research
was supported in part by the NSF and the NSF Physics Frontier at the
JQI. Research at Princeton was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation's EPiQS Initiative through Grant No. GBMF4535, with partial
support from the Packard Foundation and the National Science Foundation
(Grants No. DMR-1409556 and No. DMR-1420541).
NR 52
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U1 12
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 25
PY 2016
VL 117
IS 5
AR 056801
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.056801
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DT4RK
UT WOS:000381468300006
PM 27517784
ER
PT J
AU Wagner, R
Woehl, TJ
Keller, RR
Killgore, JP
AF Wagner, R.
Woehl, T. J.
Keller, R. R.
Killgore, J. P.
TI Detection of atomic force microscopy cantilever displacement with a
transmitted electron beam
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOLUTION
AB The response time of an atomic force microscopy (AFM) cantilever can be decreased by reducing cantilever size; however, the fastest AFM cantilevers are currently nearing the smallest size that can be detected with the conventional optical lever approach. Here, we demonstrate an electron beam detection scheme for measuring AFM cantilever oscillations. The oscillating AFM tip is positioned perpendicular to and in the path of a stationary focused nanometer sized electron beam. As the tip oscillates, the thickness of the material under the electron beam changes, causing a fluctuation in the number of scattered transmitted electrons that are detected. We demonstrate detection of sub-nanometer vibration amplitudes with an electron beam, providing a pathway for dynamic AFM with cantilevers that are orders of magnitude smaller and faster than the current state of the art.
C1 [Wagner, R.; Woehl, T. J.; Keller, R. R.; Killgore, J. P.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Wagner, R (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
FU National Research Council Associateship Awards at NIST
FX This work was performed while Ryan Wagner and Taylor Woehl held National
Research Council Associateship Awards at NIST. Contribution of NIST, an
agency of the U.S. government; not subject to copyright in the United
States.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 25
PY 2016
VL 109
IS 4
AR 043111
DI 10.1063/1.4960192
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DT7SZ
UT WOS:000381688900047
ER
PT J
AU Alberding, BG
Biacchi, AJ
Walker, ARH
Heilweil, EJ
AF Alberding, Brian G.
Biacchi, Adam J.
Walker, Angela R. Hight
Heilweil, Edwin J.
TI Charge Carrier Dynamics and Mobility Determined by Time-Resolved
Terahertz Spectroscopy on Films of Nano-to-Micrometer-Sized Colloidal
Tin(II) Monosulfide
SO Journal of Physical Chemistry C
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK; SOLAR-CELLS; PHOTOEXCITED CARRIERS;
ELECTRON-TRANSFER; THIN-FILM; SNS; DIFFUSION; PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY;
SEMICONDUCTORS; NANOWIRES
AB Tin(II) monosulfide (SnS) is a semiconductor material with an intermediate band gap, high absorption coefficient in the visible range, and earth abundant, nontoxic constituent elements. For these reasons, SnS has generated much interest for incorporation into optoelectronic devices, but little is known concerning the charge carrier dynamics, especially as measured by optical techniques. Here, as opposed to prior studies of vapor deposited films, phase-pure colloidal SnS was synthesized by solution chemistry in three size regimes, ranging from nanometer- to micrometer-scale (SnS small nanoparticles, SnS medium 2D nanosheets, and SnS large 2D mu m-sheets), and evaluated by time resolved terahertz spectroscopy (TRTS); an optical, noncontact probe of the photoconductivity. Dropcast films of the SnS colloids were studied by TRTS and compared to both thermally annealed films and dispersed suspensions of the same colloids. TRTS results revealed that the micrometer-scale SnS crystals and all of the annealed films undergo decay mechanisms during the first 200 ps following photoexcitation at 800 nm assigned to hot carrier cooling and carrier trapping. The charge carrier mobility of both the dropcast and annealed samples depends strongly on the size of the constituent colloids. The mobility of the SnS colloidal films, following the completion of the initial decays, ranged from 0.14 cm(2)/V.s for the smallest SnS crystals to 20.3 cm(2)/V.s for the largest. Annealing the colloidal films resulted in a similar to 20% improvement in mobility for the large SnS 2D mu m-sheets and a similar to 5-fold increase for the small nanoparticles and medium nanosheets.
C1 [Alberding, Brian G.; Heilweil, Edwin J.] NIST, Radiat Phys Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Biacchi, Adam J.; Walker, Angela R. Hight] NIST, Div Engn Phys, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Heilweil, EJ (reprint author), NIST, Radiat Phys Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM edwin.heilweil@nist.gov
RI Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009
OI Hight Walker, Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672
FU NIST/National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associateship
program; NIST-STRS
FX We would like to acknowledge the NIST/National Research Council
Postdoctoral Research Associateship program (B.G.A.) and NIST-STRS for
funding. A.J.B. also gratefully acknowledges NIST Fellow Herbert
Bennett. We thank Steven Hudson and Jeffrey Fagan for use of their
instrumentation and Kerry Siebein for her helpful discussions. Certain
commercial equipment or materials are identified in this paper to
adequately specify the experimental procedures. In no case does the
identification imply recommendation or endorsement by NIST, nor does it
imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the
best available for the purpose.
NR 49
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U1 6
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JUL 21
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 28
BP 15395
EP 15406
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b01684
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DS2HV
UT WOS:000380590600047
PM 27766125
ER
PT J
AU Young, MJ
Hare, CD
Cavanagh, AS
Musgrave, CB
George, SM
AF Young, Matthias J.
Hare, Christopher D.
Cavanagh, Andrew S.
Musgrave, Charles B.
George, Steven M.
TI Rapid Growth of Crystalline Mn5O8 by Self-Limited Multilayer Deposition
using Mn(EtCp)(2) and O-3
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic layer deposition; thin film; diffusion-controlled growth;
chemical vapor deposition; metastable materials
ID ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION; OXIDE THIN-FILMS; MANGANESE OXIDE; CHARGE
STORAGE; PHASE-SEPARATION; MNO2; OXIDATION; OZONE; REDUCTION;
NANOPARTICLES
AB This work investigates the use of ozone as a post-treatment of ALD-grown MnO and as a coreactant with bis(ethylcyclopentadienyemanganese (Mn(EtCp)(2)) in ALD-like film growth. In situ quartz crystal microbalance measurements are used to monitor the mass changes during growth, which are coupled with ex situ materials characterization following deposition to evaluate the resulting film composition and structure. We determined that during O-3 post-treatment of ALD-grown MnO, O-3 oxidizes the near-surface region corresponding to a conversion of 22 angstrom of the MnO film to MnO2. Following oxidation by O-3, exposure of Mn(EtCp)(2) results in mass gains of over 300 ng/cm(2), which exceeds the expected mass gain for reaction of the Mn(EtCp)(2) precursor with surface hydroxyls by over four times. We attribute this high mass gain to adsorbed Mn(EtCp)(2) shedding its EtCp ligands at the surface and releasing Mn(II) ions which subsequently diffuse into the bulk film and partially reduce the oxidized film back to MnO. These Mn(EtCp)(2) and O-3 reactions are combined in sequential steps with (a) Mn(EtCp)(2) reacting at the surface of an O-rich layer, shedding its two EtCp ligands and freeing Mn(II) to diffuse into the film followed by (b) O-3 oxidizing the film surface and withdrawing Mn from the subsurface to create an O-rich layer. This deposition process results in self-limiting multilayer deposition of crystalline Mn5O8 films with a density of 4.7 g/cm(3) and an anomalously high growth rate of 5.7 angstrom/cycle. Mn5O8 is a metastable phase of manganese oxide which possesses an intermediate composition between the alternating MnO and MnO2 compositions of the near-surface during the Mn(EtCp)(2) and O-3 exposures.
C1 [Young, Matthias J.; Musgrave, Charles B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hare, Christopher D.; Cavanagh, Andrew S.; Musgrave, Charles B.; George, Steven M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[George, Steven M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Young, Matthias J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Young, MJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Young, MJ (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Matthias.Young@colorado.edu
FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE 1144083];
NSF [CHE-1306131, CHE-1214131, CBET-1433521]; NSF through MRSEC program
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE 1144083.
S.M.G. acknowledges support from the NSF through grant CHE-1306131.
C.B.M. acknowledges support from the NSF through grants CHE-1214131 and
CBET-1433521. We would like to thank Dr. Greg Haugstad for RBS
measurements and analysis, which were carried out in the
Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota, which receives
partial support from NSF through the MRSEC program.
NR 53
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U1 9
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD JUL 20
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 28
BP 18560
EP 18569
DI 10.1021/acsami.6b04529
PG 10
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DS0PE
UT WOS:000380298400091
PM 27351207
ER
PT J
AU Gole, D
Simon, JB
Lubow, SH
Armitage, PJ
AF Gole, Daniel
Simon, Jacob B.
Lubow, Stephen H.
Armitage, Philip J.
TI TURBULENCE, TRANSPORT, AND WAVES IN OHMIC DEAD ZONES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion; accretion disks; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); protoplanetary
disks; turbulence
ID VERTICAL MAGNETIC-FIELD; UNSPLIT GODUNOV METHOD; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS;
ACCRETION DISKS; MAGNETOROTATIONAL-INSTABILITY; CONSTRAINED TRANSPORT;
AMBIPOLAR DIFFUSION; DRIVEN ACCRETION; LINEAR-ANALYSIS; EPISODIC
ACCRETION
AB We use local numerical simulations to study a vertically stratified accretion disk with a resistive mid-plane that damps magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. This is an idealized model for the dead zones that may be present at some radii in protoplanetary and dwarf novae disks. We vary the relative thickness of the dead and active zones to quantify how forced fluid motions in the dead zone change. We find that the residual Reynolds stress near the mid-plane decreases with increasing dead zone thickness, becoming negligible in cases where the active to dead mass ratio is less than a few percent. This implies that purely Ohmic dead zones would be vulnerable to episodic accretion outbursts via the mechanism of Martin & Lubow. We show that even thick dead zones support a large amount of kinetic energy, but this energy is largely in fluid motions that are inefficient at angular momentum transport. Confirming results from Oishi & Mac Low, the perturbed velocity field in the dead zone is dominated by an oscillatory, vertically extended circulation pattern with a low frequency compared to the orbital frequency. This disturbance has the properties predicted for the lowest order r mode in a hydrodynamic disk. We suggest that in a global disk similar excitations would lead to propagating waves, whose properties would vary with the thickness of the dead zone and the nature of the perturbations (isothermal or adiabatic). Flows with similar amplitudes would buckle settled particle layers and could reduce the efficiency of pebble accretion.
C1 [Gole, Daniel; Simon, Jacob B.; Armitage, Philip J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Gole, Daniel; Simon, Jacob B.; Armitage, Philip J.] NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Gole, Daniel; Armitage, Philip J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Simon, Jacob B.] Southwest Res Inst, Dept Space Studies, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Lubow, Stephen H.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Gole, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Gole, D (reprint author), NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Gole, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU NASA [NNX13AI58G, NNX14AB42G, NNX16AB42G, NAS 5-26555, NNX11AK61G]; NSF
[NSF through grant AST 1313021]; Space Telescope Science Institute
[HST-AR-12814]; NASA through Sagan Fellowship Program; National Science
Foundation [CNS-0821794]; University of Colorado Boulder; University of
Colorado Denver; National Center for Atmospheric Research
FX We acknowledge support from NASA through grants NNX13AI58G, NNX14AB42G,
and NNX16AB42G (PJA), from the NSF through grant AST 1313021 (PJA), and
from grant HST-AR-12814 (PJA) awarded by the Space Telescope Science
Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for
Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. JBS's
support was provided in part under contract with the California
Institute of Technology (Caltech) and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
(JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by
the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. This work utilized the Janus
supercomputer, which is supported by the National Science Foundation
(award number CNS-0821794), the University of Colorado Boulder, the
University of Colorado Denver, and the National Center for Atmospheric
Research. The Janus supercomputer is operated by the University of
Colorado Boulder. SHL acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX11AK61G.
NR 54
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U1 1
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 20
PY 2016
VL 826
IS 1
AR 18
DI 10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/18
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DU1IU
UT WOS:000381962200018
ER
PT J
AU Kilinc, D
Dennis, CL
Lee, GU
AF Kilinc, Devrim
Dennis, Cindi L.
Lee, Gil U.
TI Bio-Nano-Magnetic Materials for Localized Mechanochemical Stimulation of
Cell Growth and Death
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE cancer therapy; magnetic nanoparticles; magnetic tweezers;
mechanotransduction; nanorods
ID NEURITE OUTGROWTH; STRESS FIBERS; MECHANICAL TENSION; HIGH-FREQUENCY;
DRUG-DELIVERY; BREAST-CANCER; NANOPARTICLES; FORCE; MECHANOTRANSDUCTION;
PARTICLES
AB Magnetic nanoparticles are promising new tools for therapeutic applications, such as magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia therapy and targeted drug delivery. Recent in vitro studies have demonstrated that a force application with magnetic tweezers can also affect cell fate, suggesting a therapeutic potential for magnetically modulated mechanical stimulation. The magnetic properties of nanoparticles that induce physical responses and the subtle responses that result from mechanically induced membrane damage and/or intracellular signaling are evaluated. Magnetic particles with various physical, geometric, and magnetic properties and specific functionalization can now be used to apply mechanical force to specific regions of cells, which permit the modulation of cellular behavior through the use of spatially and time controlled magnetic fields. On one hand, mechanochemical stimulation has been used to direct the outgrowth on neuronal growth cones, indicating a therapeutic potential for neural repair. On the other hand, it has been used to kill cancer cells that preferentially express specific receptors. Advances made in the synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanomaterials and a better understanding of cellular mechanotransduction mechanisms may support the translation of mechanochemical stimulation into the clinic as an emerging therapeutic approach.
C1 [Kilinc, Devrim; Lee, Gil U.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Chem & Chem Biol, UCD Conway Inst Biomol & Biomed Res, Bionanosci Lab, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Dennis, Cindi L.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lee, GU (reprint author), Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Chem & Chem Biol, UCD Conway Inst Biomol & Biomed Res, Bionanosci Lab, Dublin 4, Ireland.
EM gil.lee@ucd.ie
RI Lee, Gil/P-8696-2016; bagheri, amir/C-3274-2017
OI Lee, Gil/0000-0002-7949-5848;
FU Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) [08/RP1/81376, 08/IN1/82072];
Nanoremedies Programme under the Programme for Research in Third-Level
Institutions; European Regional Development Fund; Marie Curie
Intra-European Fellowship
FX This material is based upon works supported by Science Foundation
Ireland (SFI) under Grant No. 08/RP1/81376 and 08/IN1/82072 (G.U.L.),
the Nanoremedies Programme funded under the Programme for Research in
Third-Level Institutions and co-funded under the European Regional
Development Fund (G.U.L.), and a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship
(D.K.).
NR 97
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 39
U2 77
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
EI 1521-4095
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD JUL 20
PY 2016
VL 28
IS 27
SI SI
BP 5672
EP 5680
DI 10.1002/adma.201504845
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA DR5WR
UT WOS:000379973600018
PM 26780501
ER
PT J
AU Duster, TA
AF Duster, Thomas A.
TI An Integrated Approach to Standard Methods, Materials, and Databases for
the Measurements Used To Develop Surface Complexation Models
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Duster, Thomas A.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Duster, TA (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM thomas.duster@nist.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 19
PY 2016
VL 50
IS 14
BP 7274
EP 7275
DI 10.1021/acs.est.6602669
PG 2
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DS0OD
UT WOS:000380295700002
PM 27398868
ER
PT J
AU Bloch, ED
Queen, WL
Hudson, MR
Mason, JA
Xiao, DJ
Murray, LJ
Flacau, R
Brown, CM
Long, JR
AF Bloch, Eric D.
Queen, Wendy L.
Hudson, Matthew R.
Mason, Jarad A.
Xiao, Dianne J.
Murray, Leslie J.
Flacau, Roxana
Brown, Craig M.
Long, Jeffrey R.
TI Hydrogen Storage and Selective, Reversible O-2 Adsorption in a
Metal-Organic Framework with Open Chromium(II) Sites
SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
LA English
DT Article
DE air separation; chromium; metal-organic frameworks; neutron diffraction;
superoxides
ID IRON(II) COORDINATION SITES; CARBON-DIOXIDE CAPTURE;
CHROMIUM(III)-SUPEROXO COMPLEX; DRUG-DELIVERY; HIGH-CAPACITY;
LEWIS-ACID; CATALYSIS; BINDING; CO; SEPARATIONS
AB A chromium(II)-based metal-organic framework Cr-3[(Cr4Cl)(3)(BTT)(8)](2) (Cr-BTT; BTT3 = 1,3,5-benzenetristetrazolate), featuring coordinatively unsaturated, redox-active Cr2+ cation sites, was synthesized and investigated for potential applications in H-2 storage and O-2 production. Low-pressure H-2 adsorption and neutron powder diffraction experiments reveal moderately strong Cr-H-2 interactions, in line with results from previously reported M-BTT frameworks. Notably, gas adsorption measurements also reveal excellent (2)/N-2 selectivity with substantial O-2 reversibility at room temperature, based on selective electron transfer to form Cr-III superoxide moieties. Infrared spectroscopy and powder neutron diffraction experiments were used to confirm this mechanism of selective O-2 binding.
C1 [Bloch, Eric D.; Mason, Jarad A.; Xiao, Dianne J.; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Queen, Wendy L.] EPFL, Inst Sci & Ingn Chim, CH-1051 Sion, Switzerland.
[Hudson, Matthew R.; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Murray, Leslie J.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Flacau, Roxana] CNR, Chalk River Labs, Canadian Neutron Beam Ctr, Chalk River, ON K0J 1P0, Canada.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Long, Jeffrey R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
RP Long, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Long, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Long, JR (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA USA.
EM jrlong@berkeley.edu
RI Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009;
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355; Murray, Leslie/0000-0002-1568-958X;
Queen, Wendy/0000-0002-8375-2341
FU Center for Gas Separations Relevant to Clean Energy Technologies, an
Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001015]; Arkema;
NIST/NRC; National Science Foundation
FX This research was supported through the Center for Gas Separations
Relevant to Clean Energy Technologies, an Energy Frontier Research
Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences under award DE-SC0001015. We thank
Gerald K. Branch and Arkema for fellowship support of E.D.B., the
NIST/NRC Fellowship program for support of M.R.H., the National Science
Foundation for fellowship support of J.A.M. and D.J.X., and Dr. K. R.
Meihaus for editorial assistance.
NR 66
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 27
U2 33
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1433-7851
EI 1521-3773
J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT
JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit.
PD JUL 18
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 30
BP 8605
EP 8609
DI 10.1002/anie.201602950
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA DV9IG
UT WOS:000383253500019
PM 27249784
ER
PT J
AU Gaudio, R
Renema, JJ
Zhou, ZL
Verma, VB
Lita, AE
Shainline, J
Stevens, MJ
Mirin, RP
Nam, SW
van Exter, MP
de Dood, MJA
Fiore, A
AF Gaudio, Rosalinda
Renema, Jelmer J.
Zhou, Zili
Verma, Varun B.
Lita, Adriana E.
Shainline, Jeffrey
Stevens, Martin J.
Mirin, Richard P.
Nam, Sae Woo
van Exter, Martin P.
de Dood, Michiel J. A.
Fiore, Andrea
TI Experimental investigation of the detection mechanism in WSi nanowire
superconducting single photon detectors
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DETECTION EFFICIENCY; TOMOGRAPHY
AB We use quantum detector tomography to investigate the detection mechanism in WSi nanowire superconducting single photon detectors. To this purpose, we fabricated a 250 nm wide and 250 nm long WSi nanowire and measured its response to impinging photons with wavelengths ranging from lambda = 900 nm to lambda = 1650 nm. Tomographic measurements show that the detector response depends on the total excitation energy only. Moreover, for total absorbed energies >0.8 eV the current-energy relation is linear, similar to what was observed in NbN nanowires, whereas the current-energy relation deviates from linear behavior for total energies below 0.8 eV. Published by AIP Publishing.
C1 [Gaudio, Rosalinda; Zhou, Zili; Fiore, Andrea] Eindhoven Univ Technol, COBRA Res Inst, POB 513, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
[Renema, Jelmer J.; van Exter, Martin P.; de Dood, Michiel J. A.] Leiden Univ, Huygens Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, Niels Bohrweg 2, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands.
[Verma, Varun B.; Lita, Adriana E.; Shainline, Jeffrey; Stevens, Martin J.; Mirin, Richard P.; Nam, Sae Woo] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Renema, Jelmer J.] Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
RP Gaudio, R (reprint author), Eindhoven Univ Technol, COBRA Res Inst, POB 513, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
EM r.gaudio@tue.nl
RI de Dood, Michiel/A-9839-2012
OI de Dood, Michiel/0000-0002-4585-4814
FU Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); NanoNextNL, a
micro- and nanotechnology program of the Dutch Ministry of Economic
Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation (EL&I) and 130 partners
FX The authors thank G. Frucci for technical assistance with the
experimental setup, J. Francke for assistance during the device wire
bonding, and A. Engel, A. Kozorezov, E. Driessen, M. Sidorova, T.
Klapwijk, and D. Vodolazov for scientific discussions. This work is part
of the research programme of the Foundation for Fundamental Research on
Matter (FOM), which is financially supported by the Netherlands
Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) and is also supported by
NanoNextNL, a micro- and nanotechnology program of the Dutch Ministry of
Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation (EL&I) and 130 partners.
J.R. acknowledges support from the NWO Spinoza Prize.
NR 43
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 9
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 18
PY 2016
VL 109
IS 3
AR 031101
DI 10.1063/1.4958687
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DT3MR
UT WOS:000381385900001
ER
PT J
AU Joshi, J
Stone, IR
Beams, R
Krylyuk, S
Kalish, I
Davydov, AV
Vora, PM
AF Joshi, Jaydeep
Stone, Iris R.
Beams, Ryan
Krylyuk, Sergiy
Kalish, Irina
Davydov, Albert V.
Vora, Patrick M.
TI Phonon anharmonicity in bulk T-d-MoTe2
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION;
PHASE-TRANSITION; MOTE2; MONOLAYER; BETA-MOTE2; MOS2; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE;
OPTOELECTRONICS; RESISTIVITY
AB We examine anharmonic contributions to the optical phonon modes in bulk T-d-MoTe2 through temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy. At temperatures ranging from 100 K to 200 K, we find that all modes redshift linearly with temperature in agreement with the Gruneisen model. However, below 100 K, we observe nonlinear temperature-dependent frequency shifts in some modes. We demonstrate that this anharmonic behavior is consistent with the decay of an optical phonon into multiple acoustic phonons. Furthermore, the highest frequency Raman modes show large changes in intensity and linewidth near T approximate to 250 K that correlate well with the T-d --> 1T' structural phase transition. These results suggest that phonon-phonon interactions can dominate anharmonic contributions at low temperatures in bulk T-d-MoTe2, an experimental regime that is currently receiving attention in efforts to understand Weyl semimetals. Published by AIP Publishing.
C1 [Joshi, Jaydeep; Stone, Iris R.; Vora, Patrick M.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Beams, Ryan; Krylyuk, Sergiy; Kalish, Irina; Davydov, Albert V.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Krylyuk, Sergiy] Theiss Res Inc, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Vora, PM (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM pvora@gmu.edu
OI Vora, Patrick/0000-0003-3967-8137
FU Office of Naval Research [N-00014-15-1-2357]; George Mason University
OSCAR Program; National Research Council Research Associateship
Programs; Material Genome Initiative
FX J.J., I.R.S., and P.M.V. acknowledge the support from the Office of
Naval Research through Grant No. N-00014-15-1-2357 and from the George
Mason University OSCAR Program. R.B. thanks the National Research
Council Research Associateship Programs for its support. A.V.D., S.K.,
and I.K. acknowledge the support of Material Genome Initiative funding
allocated to NIST.
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 21
U2 27
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 18
PY 2016
VL 109
IS 3
AR 031903
DI 10.1063/1.4959099
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DT3MR
UT WOS:000381385900018
ER
PT J
AU Li, JW
Haney, PM
AF Li, Junwen
Haney, Paul M.
TI Interfacial magnetic anisotropy from a 3-dimensional Rashba substrate
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PERPENDICULAR-ANISOTROPY; ATOMIC LAYERS; PEROVSKITES
AB We study the magnetic anisotropy which arises at the interface between a thin film ferromagnet and a 3-d Rashba material. We use a tight-binding model to describe the bilayer, and the 3-d Rashba material characterized by the spin-orbit strength alpha and the direction of broken bulk inversion symmetry (n) over cap. We find an in-plane uniaxial anisotropy in the (z) over cap x (n) over cap direction, where (z) over cap is the interface normal. For realistic values of alpha, the uniaxial anisotropy is of a similar order of magnitude as the bulk magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Evaluating the uniaxial anisotropy for a simplified model in 1-d shows that for small band filling, the in-plane easy axis anisotropy scales as alpha(4) and results from a twisted exchange interaction between the spins in the 3-d Rashba material and the ferromagnet. For a ferroelectric 3-d Rashba material, (n) over cap can be controlled with an electric field, and we propose that the interfacial magnetic anisotropy could provide a mechanism for electrical control of the magnetic orientation.
C1 [Li, Junwen; Haney, Paul M.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Li, Junwen] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Li, JW (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Li, JW (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
FU University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards
and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the
University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]
FX J. Li acknowledges the support under the Cooperative Research Agreement
between the University of Maryland and the National Institute of
Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
Award 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 5
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 18
PY 2016
VL 109
IS 3
AR 032405
DI 10.1063/1.4959182
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DT3MR
UT WOS:000381385900039
ER
PT J
AU Wang, F
Song, LN
Li, YL
Liu, CY
Wang, JN
Lin, PF
Yang, G
Zhao, J
Diao, XY
Zhang, DX
Hu, DX
AF Wang, Fan
Song, Lina
Li, Yuanlong
Liu, Chuanyu
Wang, Jianing
Lin, Pengfei
Yang, Guang
Zhao, Jun
Diao, Xinyuan
Zhang, Dongxiao
Hu, Dunxin
TI Semiannually alternating exchange of intermediate waters east of the
Philippines
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE western boundary currents; water mass exchange; semiannual variability;
subthermocline circulation
ID WESTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; MINDANAO; OCEAN; CIRCULATION; SEA;
UNDERCURRENT; VARIABILITY; TRANSPORTS; INTRUSION; PATTERNS
AB Intermediate water exchange in the northwest tropical Pacific is explored with the temperature, salinity, and current measurements of a mooring system deployed at 8 degrees N, 127.05 degrees E during 2010-2014. For the first time, prominent semiannual variability (SAV; with the maximum power at similar to 187days) of subthermocline meridional flow along the Mindanao coast is revealed. A significant correlation between meridional flow and salinity is found at intermediate depths. This provides direct evidence for the alternating transports of South Pacific and North Pacific Intermediate Waters by northward and southward undercurrents, respectively. Further analysis with an eddy-resolving ocean general circulation model demonstrates that the SAV is generated locally near the western boundary, manifesting as large-scale subthermocline recirculation and leading to alternating northward and southward flows near the Mindanao coast, which plays an efficient role in the intermediate water exchange of the northwest tropical Pacific. Mechanisms underlying the observed SAV are discussed.
C1 [Wang, Fan; Song, Lina; Li, Yuanlong; Liu, Chuanyu; Wang, Jianing; Zhao, Jun; Diao, Xinyuan; Hu, Dunxin] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Ocean Circulat & Waves, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Fan; Liu, Chuanyu; Wang, Jianing; Hu, Dunxin] Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Funct Lab Ocean Dynam & Climate, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
[Song, Lina] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Li, Yuanlong] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lin, Pengfei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Numer Modeling Atmospher Sci & Geop, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Guang] State Ocean Adm, Inst Oceanog 1, Ctr Ocean & Climate Res, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Dongxiao] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Zhang, Dongxiao] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Wang, F (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Ocean Circulat & Waves, Qingdao, Peoples R China.; Wang, F (reprint author), Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Funct Lab Ocean Dynam & Climate, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
EM fwang@qdio.ac.cn
RI Wang, Fan/J-5119-2012
OI Wang, Fan/0000-0001-5932-7567
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB417401, 2013CB956204];
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
[XDA11010204]; Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences [Y62114101Q]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
(NSFC) [40890152, 41330963]; NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science
Research Centers [U1406401]; Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction
[GASI-03-01-01-05]; NSFC Innovative Group grant [41421005]
FX This research is supported by the National Basic Research Program of
China (2012CB417401 and 2013CB956204), the Strategic Priority Research
Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA11010204), the Knowledge
Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y62114101Q), the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC; 40890152 and
41330963), the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research
Centers (U1406401), the Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction
(GASI-03-01-01-05), and the NSFC Innovative Group grant (41421005).
Comments from two anonymous reviewers are helpful for improving our
manuscript. Temperature and salinity climatology of WOA13 is obtained
from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
through https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/. The OFES simulations were conducted
on the Earth Simulator and available from
http://apdrc.soest.hawaii.edu/datadoc/ofes/ofes.php. The mooring data
used in this study are available for research purpose upon request to
Dr. Fan Wang (fwang@qdio.ac.cn).
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 13
BP 7059
EP 7065
DI 10.1002/2016GL069323
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DS6ON
UT WOS:000380901600046
ER
PT J
AU Jacox, MG
Hazen, EL
Zaba, KD
Rudnick, DL
Edwards, CA
Moore, AM
Bograd, SJ
AF Jacox, Michael G.
Hazen, Elliott L.
Zaba, Katherine D.
Rudnick, Daniel L.
Edwards, Christopher A.
Moore, Andrew M.
Bograd, Steven J.
TI Impacts of the 2015-2016 El Nino on the California Current System: Early
assessment and comparison to past events
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE El Nino; ENSO; glider; ROMS; the Blob; 1997-1998
ID SURFACE CHLOROPHYLL; UNDERWATER GLIDERS; NORTHEAST PACIFIC; REANALYSIS;
EVOLUTION; COAST; CONFIGURATION; TEMPERATURE; ANOMALIES; AMERICA
AB The 2015-2016 El Nino is by some measures one of the strongest on record, comparable to the 1982-1983 and 1997-1998 events that triggered widespread ecosystem change in the northeast Pacific. Here we describe impacts of the 2015-2016 El Nino on the California Current System (CCS) and place them in historical context using a regional ocean model and underwater glider observations. Impacts on the physical state of the CCS are weaker than expected based on tropical sea surface temperature anomalies; temperature and density fields reflect persistence of multiyear anomalies more than El Nino. While we anticipate El Nino-related impacts on spring/summer 2016 productivity to be similarly weak, their combination with preexisting anomalous conditions likely means continued low phytoplankton biomass. This study highlights the need for regional metrics of El Nino's effects and demonstrates the potential to assess these effects before the upwelling season, when altered ecosystem functioning is most apparent.
C1 [Jacox, Michael G.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Jacox, Michael G.; Hazen, Elliott L.; Bograd, Steven J.] NOAA, Div Environm Res, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Zaba, Katherine D.; Rudnick, Daniel L.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Edwards, Christopher A.; Moore, Andrew M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Jacox, MG (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; Jacox, MG (reprint author), NOAA, Div Environm Res, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
EM mjacox@ucsc.edu
RI Rudnick, Daniel/J-8948-2016
OI Rudnick, Daniel/0000-0002-2624-7074
FU NSF [OCE1061434]; NOAA's Integrated Ecosystem Assessment program; NOAA
Climate Observations Division [NA10OAR4320156]; Southern California
Coastal Ocean Observing System [NA11NOS0120029]
FX This work was supported by funding from NSF grant OCE1061434 and NOAA's
Integrated Ecosystem Assessment program. The California Underwater
Glider Network (CUGN) is supported by the NOAA Climate Observations
Division (NA10OAR4320156) and the Southern California Coastal Ocean
Observing System (NA11NOS0120029). Model output from the ROMS historical
reanalysis can be obtained from oceanmodeling.ucsc.edu. Data from the
CUGN can be obtained via NOAA ERDDAP
(http://coastwatch.pfeg.noaa.gov/erddap/index.html). Nino 3.4 indices
and 20 degrees C isotherm depths are available from the CPC
(http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/data/indices/ and
http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/GODAS/pentad.shtml, respectively).
We thank Mati Kahru for providing the CCS chlorophyll product used
herein (available at
http://spg.ucsd.edu/Satellite_Data/CC4km/CC4km.htm). We also thank Nate
Mantua and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an
earlier version of the manuscript.
NR 40
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U1 22
U2 26
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 13
BP 7072
EP 7080
DI 10.1002/2016GL069716
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DS6ON
UT WOS:000380901600048
ER
PT J
AU Masunaga, H
Luo, ZJ
AF Masunaga, Hirohiko
Luo, Zhengzhao Johnny
TI Convective and large-scale mass flux profiles over tropical oceans
determined from synergistic analysis of a suite of satellite
observations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE tropical dynamics; convective mass flux; satellite remote sensing
ID VERTICAL VELOCITY; DEEP CONVECTION; CLOUD CLUSTERS; RADAR;
PRECIPITATION; RETRIEVAL; MESOSCALE; MOTIONS; MODELS; BUDGET
AB A new, satellite-based methodology is developed to evaluate convective mass flux and large-scale total mass flux. To derive the convective mass flux, candidate profiles of in-cloud vertical velocity are first constructed with a simple plume model under the constraint of ambient sounding and then narrowed down to the solution that matches satellite-derived cloud top buoyancy. Meanwhile, the large-scale total mass flux is provided separately from satellite soundings by a method developed previously. All satellite snapshots are sorted into a composite time series that delineates the evolution of a vigorous and organized convective system. Principal findings are the following. First, convective mass flux is modulated primarily by convective cloud cover, with the intensity of individual convection being less variable over time. Second, convective mass flux dominates the total mass flux only during the early hours of the convective evolution; as convective system matures, a residual mass flux builds up in the mass flux balance that is reminiscent of stratiform dynamics. The method developed in this study is expected to be of unique utility for future observational diagnosis of tropical convective dynamics and for evaluation of global climate model cumulus parameterizations in a global sense.
C1 [Masunaga, Hirohiko] Nagoya Univ, Inst Space Earth Environm Res, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
[Luo, Zhengzhao Johnny] CUNY City Coll, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Luo, Zhengzhao Johnny] CUNY City Coll, NOAA CREST Inst, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Masunaga, H (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Inst Space Earth Environm Res, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
EM masunaga@nagoya-u.jp
RI Masunaga, Hirohiko/C-2488-2008
OI Masunaga, Hirohiko/0000-0002-6336-5002
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [26610150]; NASA
[NNX12AC13G]; JPL CloudSat and Radar Science and Engineering group
FX The authors are grateful to Bill Rossow and Kenta Suzuki for their
comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. The AIRS/AMSU product
was provided by Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information
Services Center (DISC) (http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov) and the TRMM PR
(2A25) data set by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
(https://www.gportal.jaxa.jp/gp/top.html). The data sets also crucial,
although not explicitly presented, in the current analysis are the GPROF
2010 precipitation product from Colorado State University
(http://rain.atmos.colostate.edu/RAINMAP), the AMSR-E SST and CWV
product by Remote Sensing Systems (http://www.remss.com), the CloudSat
data sets by the CloudSat Data Processing Center
(http://www.cloudsat.cira.colostate.edu), and QuikSCAT data from the
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/QuikSCAT).
H.M. is supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
(JSPS) Grant-in-Aid (KAKENHI) for Challenging Exploratory Research
(26610150). Z. J. L. would like to acknowledge funding support by NASA
grant NNX12AC13G and support from JPL CloudSat and Radar Science and
Engineering group.
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 16
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 13
BP 7958
EP 7974
DI 10.1002/2016JD024753
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS4DB
UT WOS:000380730500027
PM 27867783
ER
PT J
AU Van Dam, B
Helmig, D
Doskey, PV
Oltmans, SJ
AF Van Dam, Brie
Helmig, Detlev
Doskey, Paul V.
Oltmans, Samuel J.
TI Summertime surface O-3 behavior and deposition to tundra in the Alaskan
Arctic
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE ozone deposition; Arctic; Toolik Field Station
ID HIGH NORTHERN LATITUDES; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; NITROGEN-OXIDES; DRY
DEPOSITION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; WATER-VAPOR; SOUTH-POLE; PHOTOCHEMISTRY;
TRENDS; FLUXES
AB Atmospheric turbulence quantities, boundary layer ozone (O-3) levels, and O-3 deposition to the tundra surface were investigated at Toolik Lake, AK, during the 2011 summer season. Beginning immediately after snowmelt, a diurnal cycle of O-3 in the atmospheric surface layer developed with daytime O-3 maxima, and minima during low-light hours, resulting in a mean amplitude of 13ppbv. This diurnal O-3 cycle is far larger than observed at other high Arctic locations during the snow-free season. During the snow-free months of June, July, and August, O-3 deposition velocities were approximate to 3 to 5 times faster than during May, when snow covered the ground most of the month. The overall mean O-3 deposition velocity between June and August was 0.10cms(-1). The month of June had the highest diurnal variation, with a median O-3 deposition velocity of 0.2cms(-1) during the daytime and 0.08cms(-1) during low-light conditions. These values are slightly lower than previously reported summertime deposition velocities in northern latitudes over tundra or fen. O-3 loss during low-light periods was attributed to a combination of surface deposition to the tundra and stable boundary layer conditions. We also hypothesize that emissions of reactive biogenic volatile organic compounds into the shallow boundary layer may contribute to nighttime O-3 loss.
C1 [Van Dam, Brie; Helmig, Detlev] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Van Dam, Brie] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Doskey, Paul V.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, AK USA.
[Doskey, Paul V.] Michigan Technol Univ, Atmospher Sci Program, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Oltmans, Samuel J.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Oltmans, Samuel J.] NOAA, ESRL Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Helmig, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM detlev.helmig@colorado.edu
FU National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs [NSF-OPP-07-1399];
NSF NWT LTER program; National Science Foundation [NSF-1048361]
FX This research was funded by the National Science Foundation Office of
Polar Programs grant NSF-OPP-07-1399 and the NSF NWT LTER program. The
ambient air ozone data and meteorological data from the Toolik Lake
experiment are available through ACADIS and the Tropospheric Ozone
Assessment Report (TOAR) database at
https://join.fz-juelich.de/accounts/login/. Surface ozone data from
Barrow, AK, and Tiksi, Russia, were collected by the NOAA/ESRL Global
Monitoring Division and are available at
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/data/. The authors would like to thank
CH2MHill Polar Services for logistical support and the Toolik Field
Station staff for assistance with the measurements. J. Hueber, B. Seok,
and P. Boylan from INSTAAR at the University of Colorado and M. Dziobak,
C. Toro, and L. Kramer from Michigan Technological University provided
assistance with the field project. Snow cover estimates and wind
direction data used for comparison were provided by the Toolik Field
Station Environmental Data Center (available at
http://toolik.alaska.edu/edc), which is supported by the National
Science Foundation grant NSF-1048361.
NR 52
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 16
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 13
BP 8055
EP 8066
DI 10.1002/2015JD023914
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS4DB
UT WOS:000380730500033
ER
PT J
AU Li, Y
Barth, MC
Chen, G
Patton, EG
Kim, SW
Wisthaler, A
Mikoviny, T
Fried, A
Clark, R
Steiner, AL
AF Li, Yang
Barth, Mary C.
Chen, Gao
Patton, Edward G.
Kim, Si-Wan
Wisthaler, Armin
Mikoviny, Tomas
Fried, Alan
Clark, Richard
Steiner, Allison L.
TI Large-eddy simulation of biogenic VOC chemistry during the DISCOVER-AQ
2011 campaign
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE isoprene; segregation; turbulence; OH reactivity
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY-LAYER; MEXICO-CITY;
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; PHOTOOXIDATION PRODUCTS; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION;
ISOPRENE OXIDATION; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; SHALLOW CUMULUS; REGIONAL MODEL
AB Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are oxidized quickly in the atmosphere to form oxygenated VOC (OVOC) and play crucial roles in the formation of ozone and secondary organic aerosols. We use the National Center for Atmospheric Research's large-eddy simulation model and Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality 2011 flight data to understand the role of boundary layer turbulence on the atmospheric chemistry of key BVOC species and their oxidation products. We simulate three distinct convective environments during the campaign, representing fair weather conditions (case 1: 1 July), a convective event dominated by southwesterly flow (case 2: 11 July), and a polluted event with high temperature and convection (case 3: 29 July). Isoprene segregation is greatest in the lower boundary layer under warm and convective conditions, reaching up to a 10% reduction in the isoprene-OH reaction rate. Under warm and convective conditions, the BVOC lifetimes lengthen due to increased isoprene emission, elevated initial chemical concentrations, and OH competition. Although turbulence-driven segregation has less influence on the OVOC species, convection mixes more OVOC into the upper atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and increases the total OH reactivity. Production and loss rates of ozone above 2km in all the three cases indicate in situ ozone formation in addition to vertical convective transport of ozone from the surface and aloft, consistent with the increased contribution of OH reactivity from OVOC. Together, these results show that total OH reactivity in the ABL increases under warmer and stronger convective conditions due to enhanced isoprene emission and the OVOC contribution to ozone formation.
C1 [Li, Yang; Steiner, Allison L.] Univ Michigan, Climate & Space Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Barth, Mary C.; Patton, Edward G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Chen, Gao] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Kim, Si-Wan] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Kim, Si-Wan] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wisthaler, Armin] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ion Phys & Appl Phys, Innsbruck, Austria.
[Wisthaler, Armin; Mikoviny, Tomas] Univ Oslo, Dept Chem, Oslo, Norway.
[Mikoviny, Tomas] ORAU, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Fried, Alan] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Clark, Richard] Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Earth Sci, Millersville, PA USA.
RP Li, Y (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Climate & Space Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM yanglibj@umich.edu
RI Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Steiner, Allison/F-4942-2011;
OI Patton, Edward/0000-0001-5431-9541
FU NASA [NNX13AN76H]; National Science Foundation; NASA
FX This research is supported by NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship
NNX13AN76H. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by
the National Science Foundation. We gratefully acknowledge Kenneth
Davis, Chin-Hoh Moeng, and Peter Sullivan for their initiation of the
study and the development of the NCAR LES model. DISCOVER-AQ 2011
campaign data are obtained through DISCOVER-AQ
doi:10.5067/Aircraft/DISCOVER-AQ/Aerosol-TraceGas. The PTR-MS
measurements aboard the NASA P-3B were supported by the Austrian Federal
Ministry for Transport, Innovation, and Technology through the Austrian
Space Applications Programme of the Austrian Research Promotion Agency.
Tomas Mikoviny was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral
Program at the Langley Research Center, administered by Oak Ridge
Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. We gratefully
acknowledge Si-Chee Tsay (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) for
providing the NOx measurements and Edwin Gluth (Maryland
Department of the Environment) for providing the surface temperature in
the Fair Hill site. MERRA IC/BC data are obtained through the Modeling
and Assimilation Data and Information Services Center
(http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/daac-bin/DataHoldings.pl). For data from
model runs in this paper, please contact Yang Li (University of
Michigan; yanglibj@umich.edu).
NR 74
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 16
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 13
BP 8083
EP 8105
DI 10.1002/2016JD024942
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS4DB
UT WOS:000380730500035
ER
PT J
AU Garrity, KF
AF Garrity, Kevin F.
TI First-principles search for n-type oxide, nitride, and sulfide
thermoelectrics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID AB-INITIO METHODS; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; WANNIER
FUNCTIONS; ELECTRON-GAS; GENERATION; CHALLENGES; CHEMISTRY; CRYSTALS;
SPECTRA
AB Oxides have many potentially desirable characteristics for thermoelectric applications, including low cost and stability at high temperatures, but thus far there are few known high zT n-type oxide thermoelectrics. In this work, we use high-throughput first-principles calculations to screen transition metal oxides, nitrides, and sulfides for candidate materials with high power factors and low thermal conductivity. We find a variety of promising materials, and we investigate these materials in detail in order to understand the mechanisms that cause them to have high power factors. These materials all combine a high density of states near the Fermi level with dispersive bands, reducing the trade-off between the Seebeck coefficient and the electrical conductivity, but they do so for several different reasons. In addition, our calculations indicate that many of our candidate materials have low thermal conductivity.
C1 [Garrity, Kevin F.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Garrity, KF (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kevin.garrity@nist.gov
NR 83
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 7
U2 24
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 15
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 4
AR 045122
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.045122
PG 11
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DR1FO
UT WOS:000379651600008
ER
PT J
AU Ogata, T
Mizuta, R
Adachi, Y
Murakami, H
Ose, T
AF Ogata, Tomomichi
Mizuta, Ryo
Adachi, Yukimasa
Murakami, Hiroyuki
Ose, Tomoaki
TI Atmosphere-Ocean Coupling Effect on Intense Tropical Cyclone
Distribution and its Future Change with 60 km-AOGCM
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ANTHROPOGENIC CLIMATE-CHANGE; WESTERN NORTH
PACIFIC; HIGH-RESOLUTION; IMPACT; FREQUENCY; SIMULATIONS; TRACKS;
TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY
AB Atmosphere-ocean coupling effect on the frequency distribution of tropical cyclones (TCs) and its future change is studied using an atmosphere and ocean coupled general circulation model (AOGCM). In the present climate simulation, the atmosphere-ocean coupling in the AOGCM improves biases in the AGCM such as the poleward shift of the maximum of intense TC distribution in the Northern Hemisphere and too many intense TCs in the Southern Hemisphere. Particularly, subsurface cold water plays a key role to reduce these AGCM biases of intense TC distribution. Besides, the future change of intense TC distribution is significantly different between AOGCM and AGCM despite the same monthly SST. In the north Atlantic, subsurface warming causes larger increase in frequency of intense TCs in AOGCM than that in AGCM. Such subsurface warming in AOGCM also acts to alter large decrease of intense TC in AGCM to no significant change in AOGCM over the southwestern Indian Ocean. These results suggest that atmosphere-ocean coupling characterized by subsurface oceanic structure is responsible for more realistic intense TC distribution in the current climate simulation and gives significant impacts on its future projection.
C1 [Ogata, Tomomichi] Univ Tsukuba, Fac Life & Environm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
[Mizuta, Ryo; Adachi, Yukimasa; Ose, Tomoaki] Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Adachi, Yukimasa] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Tokyo, Japan.
[Murakami, Hiroyuki] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Ogata, T (reprint author), Univ Tsukuba, Fac Life & Environm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
EM ogata.tomomichi.ga@u.tsukuba.ac.jp
NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUL 15
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 29800
DI 10.1038/srep29800
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DR2HL
UT WOS:000379725500001
PM 27418240
ER
PT J
AU Neumann, AJ
Quinn, T
Bryant, SJ
AF Neumann, Alexander J.
Quinn, Timothy
Bryant, Stephanie J.
TI Nondestructive evaluation of a new hydrolytically degradable and
photo-clickable PEG hydrogel for cartilage tissue engineering
SO ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cartilage tissue engineering; Hydrogel; Poly(ethylene glycol);
Chondrocyte; Ultrasound
ID POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL); ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE; SULFATED GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS;
DIMETHYLMETHYLENE BLUE; MATRIX EVOLUTION; SERUM-ALBUMIN; ULTRASOUND;
ASSAY; MACROMERS; SAMPLES
AB Photopolymerizable and hydrolytically labile poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels formed from photo-clickable reactions were investigated as cell delivery platforms for cartilage tissue engineering (TE). PEG hydrogels were formed from thiol-norbornene PEG macromers whereby the crosslinks contained caprolactone segments with hydrolytically labile ester linkages. Juvenile bovine chondrocytes encapsulated in the hydrogels were cultured for up to four weeks and assessed biochemically and histologically, using standard destructive assays, and for mechanical and ultrasound properties, as nondestructive assays. Bulk degradation of acellular hydrogels was confirmed by a decrease in compressive modulus and an increase in mass swelling ratio over time. Chondrocytes deposited increasing amounts of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and collagens in the hydrogels with time. Spatially, collagen type II and aggrecan were present in the neotissue with formation of a territorial matrix beginning at day 21. Nondestructive measurements revealed an 8-fold increase in compressive modulus from days 7 to 28, which correlated with total collagen content. Ultrasound measurements revealed changes in the constructs over time, which differed from the mechanical properties, and appeared to correlate with ECM structure and organization shown by immunohistochemical analysis. Overall, non-destructive and destructive measurements show that this new hydrolytically degradable PEG hydrogel is promising for cartilage TE.
Statement of Significance
Designing synthetic hydrogels whose degradation matches tissue growth is critical to maintaining mechanical integrity as the hydrogel degrades and new tissue forms, but is challenging due to the nature of the hydrogel crosslinks that inhibit diffusion of tissue matrix molecules. This study details a promising, new, photo-clickable and synthetic hydrogel whose degradation supports cartilaginous tissue matrix growth leading to the formation of a territorial matrix, concomitant with an increase in mechanical properties. Nondestructive assays based on mechanical and ultrasonic properties were also investigated using a novel instrument and found to correlate with matrix deposition and evolution. In sum, this study presents a new hydrogel platform combined with nondestructive assessments, which together have potential for in vitro cartilage tissue engineering. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Neumann, Alexander J.; Bryant, Stephanie J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Quinn, Timothy] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bryant, Stephanie J.] Univ Colorado, BioFrontiers Inst, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bryant, Stephanie J.] Univ Colorado, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Bryant, SJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM sbryant@colorado.edu
FU NIH [R21AR062696, R01AR065441]
FX Financial support was provided from the NIH (R21AR062696 and
R01AR065441). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors
and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National
Institutes of Health.
NR 48
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U2 62
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1742-7061
EI 1878-7568
J9 ACTA BIOMATER
JI Acta Biomater.
PD JUL 15
PY 2016
VL 39
BP 1
EP 11
DI 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.05.015
PG 11
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA DQ1NA
UT WOS:000378966500001
PM 27180026
ER
PT J
AU Young, M
Schantz, M
MacCrehan, W
AF Young, Mimy
Schantz, Michele
MacCrehan, William
TI Improvements in the vapor-time profile analysis of explosive odorants
using solid-phase microextraction
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
LA English
DT Article
DE Solid-phase microextraction (SPME); Externally sampled internal standard
(ESIS); Vapor-time profile; Canine training aid; Explosive vapors
ID INTERNAL STANDARD; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TRAINING AIDS; HUMAN REMAINS;
HEADSPACE; CALIBRATION; VAPORIZATION; ENTHALPIES; DESORPTION; CANINES
AB A modified approach for characterization of the vapor-time profile of the headspace odors of explosives was developed using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) incorporating introduction of an externally sampled internal standard (ESIS) followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. With this new method, reproducibility of the measurements of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and cyclohexanone were improved compared to previous work (Hoffman et al., 2009; Arthur and Pawliszyn, 1990) through the use of stable-isotope-labeled internal standards. Exposing the SPME fiber to the ESIS after sampling the target analyte proved to be advantageous, while still correcting for fiber variability and detector drift. For the analysis of high volatility compounds, incorporation of the ESIS using the SPME fiber in the retracted position minimized the subsequent competitive loss of the target analyte, allowing for much longer sampling times. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Young, Mimy; Schantz, Michele; MacCrehan, William] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP MacCrehan, W (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM william.maccrehan@nist.gov
FU Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate
[HSHQPM-14-X-00075]; NIST
FX The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology
Directorate funded this project under Interagency Agreement
HSHQPM-14-X-00075 with NIST. Certain commercial equipment, instruments,
software, or materials are identified in this paper in order to specify
the experimental procedure adequately. Such identification is not
intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that
the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available
for the purpose.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-9673
EI 1873-3778
J9 J CHROMATOGR A
JI J. Chromatogr. A
PD JUL 15
PY 2016
VL 1455
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.009
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA DQ1IO
UT WOS:000378954900001
PM 27286650
ER
PT J
AU Fenner, D
AF Fenner, Douglas
TI Criticism of Marine Protected Areas by fisheries scientists
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID GLOBAL FISHERIES; CATCHES
C1 [Fenner, Douglas] NOAA, POB 7390, Pago Pago, AS USA.
RP Fenner, D (reprint author), NOAA, POB 7390, Pago Pago, AS USA.
EM douglasfennertassi@gmail.com
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD JUL 15
PY 2016
VL 108
IS 1-2
BP 12
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.026
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DQ3LD
UT WOS:000379102900015
PM 27210561
ER
PT J
AU Gerbig, YB
Michaels, CA
Cook, RF
AF Gerbig, Yvonne B.
Michaels, Chris A.
Cook, Robert F.
TI In situ observations of Berkovich indentation induced phase transitions
in crystalline silicon films
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Raman spectroscopy; Silicon; Phase transitions; Nanoindentation
ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; HIGH-PRESSURE; TRANSFORMATIONS; NANOINDENTATION;
DIAMOND; GE; AMORPHIZATION; IV
AB The pressure induced phase transitions of crystalline Si films were studied in situ under a Berkovich probe using a Raman spectroscopy-enhanced instrumented indentation technique. The observations suggested strain and time as important parameters in the nucleation and growth of high-pressure phases and, in contrast to earlier reports, indicate that pressure release is not a precondition for transformation to high pressure phases. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gerbig, Yvonne B.; Michaels, Chris A.; Cook, Robert F.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gerbig, Yvonne B.] George Washington Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
RP Gerbig, YB (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yvonne.gerbig@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD JUL 15
PY 2016
VL 120
BP 19
EP 22
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.04.007
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA DN1DT
UT WOS:000376807200005
PM 27325910
ER
PT J
AU Chaney, NW
Wood, EF
McBratney, AB
Hempel, JW
Nauman, TW
Brungard, CW
Odgers, NP
AF Chaney, Nathaniel W.
Wood, Eric F.
McBratney, Alexander B.
Hempel, Jonathan W.
Nauman, Travis W.
Brungard, Colby W.
Odgers, Nathan P.
TI POLARIS: A 30-meter probabilistic soil series map of the contiguous
United States
SO GEODERMA
LA English
DT Article
DE Digital soil mapping; Environmental modeling; High performance computing
ID SEMIAUTOMATED DISAGGREGATION; CLASSIFICATION TREES; KNOWLEDGE
AB A new complete map of soil series probabilities has been produced for the contiguous United States at a 30 m spatial resolution. This innovative database, named POLARIS, is constructed using available high-resolution geospatial environmental data and a state-of-the-art machine learning algorithm (DSMART-HPC) to remap the Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) database. This 9 billion grid cell database is possible using available high performance computing resources. POLARIS provides a spatially continuous, internally consistent, quantitative prediction of soil series. It offers potential solutions to the primary weaknesses in SSURGO: 1) unmapped areas are gap-filled using survey data from the surrounding regions, 2) the artificial discontinuities at political boundaries are removed, and 3) the use of high resolution environmental covariate data leads to a spatial disaggregation of the coarse polygons. The geospatial environmental covariates that have the largest role in assembling POLARIS over the contiguous United States (CONUS) are fine-scale (30 m) elevation data and coarse-scale (similar to 2 km) estimates of the geographic distribution of uranium, thorium, and potassium. A preliminary validation of POLARIS using the NRCS National Soil Information System (NASIS) database shows variable performance over CONUS. In general, the best performance is obtained at grid cells where DSMART-HPC is most able to reduce the chance of misclassification. The important role of environmental covariates in limiting prediction uncertainty suggests including additional covariates is pivotal to improving POLARIS' accuracy. This database has the potential to improve the modeling of biogeochemical, water, and energy cycles in environmental models; enhance availability of data for precision agriculture; and assist hydrologic monitoring and forecasting to ensure food and water security. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chaney, Nathaniel W.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Wood, Eric F.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[McBratney, Alexander B.; Odgers, Nathan P.] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr & Environm, Dept Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Hempel, Jonathan W.] NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Nauman, Travis W.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA.
[Brungard, Colby W.] Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Chaney, NW (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM nchaney@princeton.edu
OI Wood, Eric/0000-0001-7037-9675; Nauman, Travis/0000-0001-8004-0608
FU NSF [1144217]; Australian Research Council
FX This study was supported by NSF grant 1144217 (Petascale Design and
Management of Satellite Assets to Advance Space Based Earth Science).
This work would not have been possible without the provision of data by
the National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS) and the Blue Waters
supercomputer. Alex McBratney acknowledges the support of the Australian
Research Council through its Discovery Program. A special thanks to the
many contributors that have helped understand the strengths and
weaknesses of the POLARIS database and provide insight to future
research including Skye Wills (USDA-NRCS), Tom Hengl (ISRIC), Budiman
Minasny (University of Sydney), Dylan Beaudette (USDA-NRCS), James
Thompson (West Virginia University), Stephen Roecker (USDA-NRCS), Sharon
Waltman (USDA-NRCS), Tom D'Avello (USDA-NRCS), and David Hoover
(USDA-NRCS), among many others. Any use of trade, firm, or product names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 49
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U1 7
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0016-7061
EI 1872-6259
J9 GEODERMA
JI Geoderma
PD JUL 15
PY 2016
VL 274
BP 54
EP 67
DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.03.025
PG 14
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA DM7MB
UT WOS:000376543600007
ER
PT J
AU Kabirian, F
Khan, AS
Gnaupel-Herlod, T
AF Kabirian, Farhoud
Khan, Akhtar S.
Gnaeupel-Herlod, Thomas
TI Plastic deformation behavior of a thermo-mechanically processed AZ31
magnesium alloy under a wide range of temperature and strain rate
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Twinning; Texture; Anisotropic material; Mechanical testing
ID CHANNEL ANGULAR EXTRUSION; TEXTURE EVOLUTION; GRAIN-SIZE; MG ALLOY;
MG-3AL-1ZN ALLOY; ZR ALLOY; ECAP; MICROSTRUCTURE; TENSILE; PROPERTY
AB Effects of texture evolution and grain refinement induced by Equal Channel Angular Pressing, ECAP, on mechanical responses of an extruded AZ31 magnesium alloy are investigated. Uniaxial compression loading is carried out under a wide range of temperature (77 K-423 K) and strain rate (10(-4) s(-1) -3000 s(-1)) along pressing direction (PD), transverse direction (TD), and normal direction (ND). The s-shape strain hardening curve which is the main characteristic of twin-dominated deformation shows a strong dependency on testing temperature and strain rate in the ECAPed material so that during loading at the highest temperature (423 K) and the lowest strain rate (10(-4) s(-1)), s-shape hardening is no longer present. However, measured texture under the mentioned loading condition reveals crystal reorientation due to twinning which implies that the absence of concaved-up stress-strain curve is not necessarily indicative of suppression of twinning. On the other hand, the measured texture during high temperature dynamic loading suggests saturation of twinning at smaller strains. Schmid factor maps, in agreement with Visco-Plastic Self Consistent (VPSC) models, suggest the higher activity of twinning and basal slip in plastic yielding of the extruded and ECAPed AZ31, respectively. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kabirian, Farhoud; Khan, Akhtar S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Gnaeupel-Herlod, Thomas] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kabirian, F (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
EM farhoud1@umbc.edu
NR 46
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U1 11
U2 49
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD JUL 15
PY 2016
VL 673
BP 327
EP 335
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.02.145
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA DI4JO
UT WOS:000373466400045
ER
PT J
AU Belov, SP
Golubiatnikov, GY
Lapinov, AV
Ilyushin, VV
Alekseev, EA
Mescheryakov, AA
Hougen, JT
Xu, LH
AF Belov, S. P.
Golubiatnikov, G. Yu.
Lapinov, A. V.
Ilyushin, V. V.
Alekseev, E. A.
Mescheryakov, A. A.
Hougen, J. T.
Xu, Li-Hong
TI Torsionally mediated spin-rotation hyperfine splittings at moderate to
high J values in methanol
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERNAL ROTOR; MOLECULES; CH3OH
AB This paper presents an explanation based on torsionally mediated proton-spin-overall-rotation interaction for the observation of doublet hyperfine splittings in some Lamb-dip sub-millimeter-wave transitions between ground-state torsion-rotation states of E symmetry in methanol. These unexpected doublet splittings, some as large as 70 kHz, were observed for rotational quantum numbers in the range of J = 13 to 34, and K = -2 to +3. Because they increase nearly linearly with J for a given branch, we confined our search for an explanation to hyperfine operators containing one nuclear-spin angular momentum factor I and one overall-rotation angular momentum factor J ( i. e., to spin-rotation operators) and ignored both spin-spin and spin-torsion operators, since they contain no rotational angular momentum operator. Furthermore, since traditional spin-rotation operators did not seem capable of explaining the observed splittings, we constructed totally symmetric " torsionally mediated spin-rotation operators" by multiplying the E-species spin-rotation operator by an E-species torsional-coordinate factor of the form e(+/- ni alpha). The resulting operator is capable of connecting the two components of a degenerate torsion-rotation E state. This has the effect of turning the hyperfine splitting pattern upside down for some nuclear-spin states, which leads to bottom-to-top and top-to-bottom hyperfine selection rules for some transitions, and thus to an explanation for the unexpectedly large observed hyperfine splittings. The constructed operator cannot contribute to hyperfine splittings in the A-species manifold because its matrix elements within the set of torsion-rotation A(1) and A(2) states are all zero. The theory developed here fits the observed large doublet splittings to a root-mean-square residual of less than 1 kHz and predicts unresolvable splittings for a number of transitions in which no doublet splitting was detected. Published by AIP Publishing.
C1 [Belov, S. P.; Golubiatnikov, G. Yu.; Lapinov, A. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, 46 Ulyanov St, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia.
[Ilyushin, V. V.; Alekseev, E. A.; Mescheryakov, A. A.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Radio Astron, Chervonopraporna 4, UA-61002 Kharkov, Ukraine.
[Alekseev, E. A.] Kharkov Natl Univ, Quantum Radiophys Dept, Svobody Sq 4, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine.
[Hougen, J. T.] NIST, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Xu, Li-Hong] Univ New Brunswick, Dept Phys, St John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada.
[Xu, Li-Hong] Univ New Brunswick, Ctr Laser Atom & Mol Sci, St John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada.
RP Hougen, JT (reprint author), NIST, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jon.hougen@nist.gov
RI Xu, Li-Hong/J-5095-2015
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Russian
Federal Agency for Science and Innovation (FASI) [0035-2014-009]
FX L.H.X. acknowledges the financial support of a Discovery Grant from the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. S.P.B. and
G.Yu.G. acknowledge State Project No. 0035-2014-009 from the Russian
Federal Agency for Science and Innovation (FASI) for support.
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 14
PY 2016
VL 145
IS 2
AR 024307
DI 10.1063/1.4954941
PG 20
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DT0DS
UT WOS:000381153600018
PM 27421405
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, WH
Winterstein, J
Maimon, I
Yin, QY
Yuan, L
Kolmogorov, AN
Sharma, R
Zhou, GW
AF Zhu, Wenhui
Winterstein, Jonathan
Maimon, Itai
Yin, Qiyue
Yuan, Lu
Kolmogorov, Aleksey N.
Sharma, Renu
Zhou, Guangwen
TI Atomic Structural Evolution during the Reduction of alpha-Fe2O3
Nanowires
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON-OXIDE; IRON(III) OXIDES; MAGNETITE FE3O4; OXIDATION; NANOPARTICLES;
SURFACE; HYDROGEN; GROWTH; EELS; TEMPERATURE
AB The atomic-scale reduction mechanism of alpha-Fe2O3 nanowires by H-2 was followed using transmission electron microscopy to reveal the evolution of atomic structures and the associated transformation pathways for different iron oxides. The reduction commences with the generation of oxygen vacancies that order onto every 10th (30 (3) over bar0) plane. This vacancy ordering is followed by an allotropic transformation of alpha-Fe2O3 -> gamma-Fe2O3 along with the formation of Fe3O4 nanopartides on the surface of the gamma-Fe2O3 nanowire by a topotactic transformation process, which shows 3D correspondence between the structures of the product and its host. These observations demonstrate that the partial reduction of alpha-Fe2O3 nanowires results in the formation of a unique hierarchical structure of hybrid oxides consisting of the parent oxide phase, gamma-Fe2O3, as the one-dimensional wire and the Fe3O4 in the form of nanoparticles decorated on the parent oxide skeleton. We show that the proposed mechanism is consistent with previously published and our density functional theory results on the thermodynamics of surface termination and oxygen vacancy formation in alpha-Fe2O3. Compared to previous reports of alpha-Fe2O3 directly transformed to Fe3O4, our work provides a more in-depth understanding with substeps of reduction, i.e, the whole reduction process follows: alpha-Fe2O3 -> alpha-Fe2O3 superlattice -> gamma-Fe2O3 + Fe3O4 -> Fe3O4.
C1 [Zhu, Wenhui; Yin, Qiyue; Yuan, Lu; Zhou, Guangwen] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Mech Engn, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Zhu, Wenhui; Yin, Qiyue; Yuan, Lu; Zhou, Guangwen] SUNY Binghamton, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Winterstein, Jonathan; Sharma, Renu] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Maimon, Itai; Kolmogorov, Aleksey N.] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Phys, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
RP Zhou, GW (reprint author), SUNY Binghamton, Dept Mech Engn, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.; Zhou, GW (reprint author), SUNY Binghamton, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.; Sharma, R (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM renu.sharma@nist.gov; gzhou@binghamton.edu
RI Zhu, Wenhui/B-3162-2016
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-1056611]; NSF [DMR-1410514]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under NSF
CAREER Award Grant CMMI-1056611. I.M. and A.N.K. gratefully acknowledge
the NSF support (Award No. DMR-1410514).
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 22
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JUL 14
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 27
BP 14854
EP 14862
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b02033
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DR6CT
UT WOS:000379990400044
PM 27891206
ER
PT J
AU NaraseGowda, S
Brown, CM
Tyagi, M
Jenkins, T
Dobbins, TA
AF NaraseGowda, Shathabish
Brown, Craig M.
Tyagi, Madhusudan
Jenkins, Timothy
Dobbins, Tabbetha A.
TI Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering Studies of Hydrogen Dynamics for
Nanoconfined NaAIH(4)
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID ROTATIONAL-DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; AMMONIA BORANE; DIFFUSION;
SODIUM; CARBON; H-2; THERMODYNAMICS; REORIENTATIONS; SPECTROMETER
AB The hydrogen dynamics of nanoconfined sodium Alanate (NaAlH4) has been studied using quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS). Results indicate thermodynamic destabilization is responsible for reduced desorption temperatures of NaAlH4 upon confinement within the nanopores of a metal organic framework (MOP). The quasi-elastic broadening in the nano-NaAlH4 indicates that there are two dynamic states of hydrogen, which can be tracked by fitting the QENS signal to Lorentzian functions. The fastest hydrogen dynamics show some limited amount and range of long-range diffusion (i.e., not spatially confined motion) as indicated by a weakly varying Q-dependent fwhm on the broad Lorentzian quasi-elastic broadening data. These data trend toward zero at Q = 0 A(-1). Slower hydrogen dynamics, described by a narrow Lorentzian function, are present in the nanoconfined sample and can be attributed to reorientation and localized motion of H around AlHx tetrahedra. Both the as-purchased NaAlH4 (hereafter called "bulk" or "micro" NaAlH4) and the nanoconfined NaAlH4 data were fitted to reorientation models which yielded corresponding percent mobile hydrogen and jump lengths. The jump lengths calculated from the nano-NaAlH4 were approximate to 2.5 angstrom and in conformity with those jump lengths determined for bulk NaAlH4 of approximate to 2.3 angstrom. As much as 18% of the hydrogen atoms were estimated to be mobile in the nano-NaAlH4 sample even at relatively low temperatures of 350 K. In contrast, bulk NaAlH4 shows less than 7% mobile H atoms even at higher temperatures of approximate to 450 K. The hydrogen motion in the nanoconfined samples are fitted to a "high temperature (HT)" reorientation model in which a motion occurs by "tumbling" reorientation of AlHx tetrahedra. The model assumes 3 of the 4 H atoms in the AlH4 tetrahedra to be continuously exchanging their coplanar positions plus taking turns to exchange position with the fourth axial H atom. The microscale sample was fitted to a convoluted 2-site/3-site model, which can be viewed as three-dimensional jumps requiring the reorientation of the AlH4 tetrahedra. The activation energy is 3.1 meV (at 125-320 K) and the attempt frequency (or energy) is 4.7 meV for this motion.
C1 [NaraseGowda, Shathabish] Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.; Tyagi, Madhusudan] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tyagi, Madhusudan] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Jenkins, Timothy] Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA.
[Dobbins, Tabbetha A.] Rowan Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Glassboro, NJ 08096 USA.
[NaraseGowda, Shathabish] Intel Corp, 2501 NW 229th Ave, Hillsboro, OR 97124 USA.
RP Dobbins, TA (reprint author), Rowan Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Glassboro, NJ 08096 USA.
EM dobbins@rowan.edu
RI Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355
FU NSF [DMR1231153]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; National Science
Foundation [DMR-1508249]; LA-SiGMA [EPS-1003897]
FX General support came from the NSF (Grant No. DMR1231153). Our use of the
National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS), Brookhaven National
Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886. Diffraction data were collected at beamline X14A of
the NSLS. This work utilized the Center For High Resolution Neutron
Scattering (CHRNS) facilities, which are supported in part by the
National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-1508249. S.N.A.
acknowledges LA-SiGMA (Grant No. EPS-1003897) for graduate assistantship
in the last one year of study to completion of his dissertation.
Identification of a commercial product does not imply recommendation or
endorsement by the NIST, nor does it imply that the product is
necessarily the best for the stated purpose.
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JUL 14
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 27
BP 14863
EP 14873
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b02431
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DR6CT
UT WOS:000379990400045
ER
PT J
AU Hodgson, EE
Essington, TE
Kaplan, IC
AF Hodgson, Emma E.
Essington, Timothy E.
Kaplan, Isaac C.
TI Extending Vulnerability Assessment to Include Life Stages Considerations
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID QUALITATIVE RISK-ASSESSMENT; LOGGERHEAD SEA-TURTLES; OCEAN
ACIDIFICATION; CALIFORNIA CURRENT; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; POPULATION
BIOLOGY; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GLOBAL CHANGE; IMPACTS
AB Species are experiencing a suite of novel stressors from anthropogenic activities that have impacts at multiple scales. Vulnerability assessment is one tool to evaluate the likely impacts that these stressors pose to species so that high-vulnerability cases can be identified and prioritized for monitoring, protection, or mitigation. Commonly used semi-quantitative methods lack a framework to explicitly account for differences in exposure to stressors and organism responses across life stages. Here we propose a modification to commonly used spatial vulnerability assessment methods that includes such an approach, using ocean acidification in the California Current as an illustrative case study. Life stage considerations were included by assessing vulnerability of each life stage to ocean acidification and were used to estimate population vulnerability in two ways. We set population vulnerability equal to: (1) the maximum stage vulnerability and (2) a weighted mean across all stages, with weights calculated using Lefkovitch matrix models. Vulnerability was found to vary across life stages for the six species explored in this case study: two krill-Euphausia pacifica and Thysanoessa spinifera, pteropod-Limacina helicina, pink shrimp-Pandalus jordani, Dungeness crab-Metacarcinus magister and Pacific hake-Merluccius productus. The maximum vulnerability estimates ranged from larval to subadult and adult stages with no consistent stage having maximum vulnerability across species. Similarly, integrated vulnerability metrics varied greatly across species. A comparison showed that some species had vulnerabilities that were similar between the two metrics, while other species' vulnerabilities varied substantially between the two metrics. These differences primarily resulted from cases where the most vulnerable stage had a low relative weight. We compare these methods and explore circumstances where each method may be appropriate.
C1 [Hodgson, Emma E.; Essington, Timothy E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Kaplan, Isaac C.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv NOAA, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Hodgson, EE (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM hodgsone@uw.edu
FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program
[DGE-1256082]; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science; NOAA Ocean
Acidification Program [NA12NOS4780147]; University of Washington
Graduate School Top Scholar Award
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate
Research Fellowship Program under Grant No. DGE-1256082 to EEH and by
the National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, and NOAA Ocean
Acidification Program, grant No. NA12NOS4780147 to EEH, TEE and ICK.
Additional funding was provided to EEH through the University of
Washington Graduate School Top Scholar Award (no grant number associated
with this funding). The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 77
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 19
U2 23
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 14
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 7
AR e0158917
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0158917
PG 22
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DR0DZ
UT WOS:000379579500050
PM 27416031
ER
PT J
AU Walsh, MR
Broyles, W
Beston, SM
Munch, SB
AF Walsh, Matthew R.
Broyles, Whitnee
Beston, Shannon M.
Munch, Stephan B.
TI Predator-driven brain size evolution in natural populations of
Trinidadian killifish (Rivulus hartii)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE life-history evolution; predation; brain size; boldness; killifish
ID LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; GUPPIES POECILIA-RETICULATA; PHENOTYPIC
PLASTICITY; 9-SPINED STICKLEBACK; 3-SPINED STICKLEBACK; ARTIFICIAL
SELECTION; PUNGITIUS-PUNGITIUS; SOCIAL-ENVIRONMENT; LOCAL ADAPTATION;
RELATIVE BRAIN
AB Vertebrates exhibit extensive variation in relative brain size. It has long been assumed that this variation is the product of ecologically driven natural selection. Yet, despite more than 100 years of research, the ecological conditions that select for changes in brain size are unclear. Recent laboratory selection experiments showed that selection for larger brains is associated with increased survival in risky environments. Such results lead to the prediction that increased predation should favour increased brain size. Work on natural populations, however, foreshadows the opposite trajectory of evolution; increased predation favours increased boldness, slower learning, and may thereby select for a smaller brain. We tested the influence of predator-induced mortality on brain size evolution by quantifying brain size variation in a Trinidadian killifish, Rivulus hartii, from communities that differ in predation intensity. We observed strong genetic differences in male (but not female) brain size between fish communities; second generation laboratory-reared males from sites with predators exhibited smaller brains than Rivulus from sites in which they are the only fish present. Such trends oppose the results of recent laboratory selection experiments and are not explained by trade-offs with other components of fitness. Our results suggest that increased male brain size is favoured in less risky environments because of the fitness benefits associated with faster rates of learning and problem-solving behaviour.
C1 [Walsh, Matthew R.; Broyles, Whitnee; Beston, Shannon M.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
[Munch, Stephan B.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Walsh, MR (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
EM matthew.walsh@uta.edu
FU NSF FIBR grant
FX The original experiments were funded by an NSF FIBR grant to David
Reznick.
NR 66
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 16
U2 26
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD JUL 13
PY 2016
VL 283
IS 1834
AR 20161075
DI 10.1098/rspb.2016.1075
PG 9
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA DT7FI
UT WOS:000381652100005
ER
PT J
AU Hu, L
Chen, J
Sanson, A
Wu, H
Rodriguez, CG
Olivi, L
Ren, Y
Fan, LL
Deng, JX
Xing, XR
AF Hu, Lei
Chen, Jun
Sanson, Andrea
Wu, Hui
Rodriguez, Clara Guglieri
Olivi, Luca
Ren, Yang
Fan, Longlong
Deng, Jinxia
Xing, Xianran
TI New Insights into the Negative Thermal Expansion: Direct Experimental
Evidence for the "Guitar-String" Effect in Cubic ScF3
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID DEBYE-WALLER FACTOR; ZERO
AB The understanding of the negative thermal expansion (NTE) mechanism remains challenging but critical for the development of NTE materials. This study sheds light on NTE of ScF3, one of the most outstanding materials with NTE. The local dynamics of ScF3 has been investigated by a combined analysis of synchrotron-based X-ray total scattering, extended X-ray absorption fine structure, and neutron powder diffraction. Very interestingly, we observe that (i) the Sc-F nearest-neighbor distance strongly expands with increasing temperature, while the Sc-Sc next-nearest-neighbor distance contracts, (ii) the thermal ellipsoids of relative vibrations between Sc-F nearest-neighbors are highly elongated in the direction perpendicular to the Sc-F bond, indicating that the Sc-F bond is much softer to bend than to stretch, and (iii) there is mainly dynamically transverse motion of fluorine atoms, rather than static shifts. These results are direct experimental evidence for the NTE mechanism, in which the rigid unit is not necessary for the occurrence of NTE, and the key role is played by the transverse thermal vibrations of fluorine atoms through the "guitar-string" effect.
C1 [Hu, Lei; Chen, Jun; Fan, Longlong; Deng, Jinxia; Xing, Xianran] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Dept Phys Chem, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Sanson, Andrea] Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Wu, Hui] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA.
[Rodriguez, Clara Guglieri; Olivi, Luca] Elettra Synchrotron, I-34149 Basovizza, Triestre, Italy.
[Ren, Yang] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Chen, J; Xing, XR (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Dept Phys Chem, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM junchen@ustb.edu.cn; xing@ustb.edu.cn
RI Wu, Hui/C-6505-2008; Chen, Jun/M-1669-2015
OI Wu, Hui/0000-0003-0296-5204;
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21322102, 91422301,
21231001, 21590793]; Changjiang Young Scholars Award; National Program
for Support of Top-notch Young Professionals; Fundamental Research Funds
for the Central Universities, China [FRF-TP-14-012C1]; U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; ELETTRA project [20140214]
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (grant nos. 21322102, 91422301, 21231001, and 21590793), the
Changjiang Young Scholars Award. National Program for Support of
Top-notch Young Professionals, the Fundamental Research Funds for the
Central Universities, China (FRF-TP-14-012C1). The use of the Advanced
Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
(DE-AC02-06CH11357). We acknowledge the ELETTRA Synchrotron Radiation
Facility for provision of synchrotron radiation as well as all the staff
of the XAFS beamline. This work has been partially supported by the
ELETTRA project no. 20140214.
NR 33
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 33
U2 79
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUL 13
PY 2016
VL 138
IS 27
BP 8320
EP 8323
DI 10.1021/jacs.6b02370
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA DR3HN
UT WOS:000379794400001
PM 27336200
ER
PT J
AU Nsofini, J
Sarenac, D
Wood, CJ
Cory, DG
Arif, M
Clark, CW
Huber, MG
Pushin, DA
AF Nsofini, Joachim
Sarenac, Dusan
Wood, Christopher J.
Cory, David G.
Arif, Muhammad
Clark, Charles W.
Huber, Michael G.
Pushin, Dmitry A.
TI Spin-orbit states of neutron wave packets
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; ENTANGLEMENT; PHOTON
AB We propose amethod to prepare an entangled spin-orbit state between the spin and the orbital angular momenta of a neutron wave packet. This spin-orbit state is created by passing neutrons through the center of a quadrupole magnetic field, which provides a coupling between the spin and orbital degrees of freedom. A Ramsey-fringe-type measurement is suggested as a means of verifying the spin-orbit correlations.
C1 [Nsofini, Joachim; Sarenac, Dusan; Wood, Christopher J.; Pushin, Dmitry A.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Nsofini, Joachim; Sarenac, Dusan; Wood, Christopher J.; Cory, David G.; Pushin, Dmitry A.] Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Wood, Christopher J.] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
[Cory, David G.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Cory, David G.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L2Y5, Canada.
[Cory, David G.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
[Arif, Muhammad; Huber, Michael G.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Clark, Charles W.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Clark, Charles W.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Pushin, DA (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.; Pushin, DA (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
EM dmitry.pushin@uwaterloo.ca
OI Nsofini, Joachim/0000-0003-0861-478X
FU Canadian Excellence Research Chairs (CERC) program; Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery program;
Collaborative Research and Training Experience (CREATE) program;
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Quantum
Information Program
FX This work was supported by the Canadian Excellence Research Chairs
(CERC) program, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada (NSERC) Discovery program, Collaborative Research and Training
Experience (CREATE) program, and the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) Quantum Information Program. The authors are grateful
to S. A. Werner for useful discussions.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 13
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 1
AR 013605
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.013605
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DQ8YF
UT WOS:000379496900004
ER
PT J
AU Sunday, DF
Hannon, AF
Tein, S
Kline, RJ
AF Sunday, Daniel F.
Hannon, Adam F.
Tein, Summer
Kline, R. Joseph
TI Thermodynamic and Morphological Behavior of Block Copolymer Blends with
Thermal Polymer Additives
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID DIBLOCK COPOLYMER/HOMOPOLYMER BLENDS; HYDROGEN-BONDING INTERACTIONS;
PHASE-BEHAVIOR; HOMOPOLYMER BLENDS; THIN-FILMS; INTERACTION PARAMETER;
SIMULATION METHODS; BINARY BLENDS; LITHOGRAPHY; MIXTURES
AB Block copolymer (BCP) blends offer a facile route toward customizable nanomaterials. To better understand these systems, the thermodynamics of polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) and poly(vinylphenol) (PVPH) blends were examined using scattering measurements and self-consistent field theory (SCFT). PVPH hydrogen bonds to the PMMA block, resulting in the selective infusion into the PMMA layer. Measurements on initially disordered blends show that this interaction can induce an order disorder transition (ODT). The ODT was observed to be a continuous transition, unlike the first-order thermal ODT typically observed in BCPs. Free energy curves extracted from SCFT simulations also observed a lack of a discontinuity in the first-order derivative. Lamellar systems underwent a greater increase in BCP period compared to identical athermal systems due to the extension of the PMMA chains away from the interface. Comparison with the SCFT models finds good agreement in the predicted behavior of the blends using a negative chi parameter to model interactions between PVPH and PMMA, including the predicted distribution of the PVPH throughout the PMMA layer.
C1 [Sunday, Daniel F.; Hannon, Adam F.; Kline, R. Joseph] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tein, Summer] Univ Texas Austin, McKetta Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
RP Sunday, DF (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM daniel.sunday@nist.gov
FU E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co.; Dow Chemical Company; Northwestern
University; U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Portions of this work were performed at the DuPont Northwestern-Dow
Collaborative Access Team (DND-CAT) located at Sector 5 of the Advanced
Photon Source (APS). DND-CAT is supported by E.I. DuPont de Nemours &
Co., The Dow Chemical Company, and Northwestern University. Use of the
APS, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department
of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was
supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank
Steven Weigand and Denis Keane for assistance at sector 5-ID-D. The use
of the 10 m small-angle neutron scattering beamline at the NIST Center
for Neutron Research was provided in support of the nSoft consortium,
and we thank Ronald Jones for assistance conducting the SANS
measurements. Thanks to Karim Gadelrab for assistance in finding
appropriate relaxation constants for the three species SCFT formulism.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
EI 1520-5835
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JUL 12
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 13
BP 4898
EP 4908
DI 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00651
PG 11
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DR1ZI
UT WOS:000379704000023
ER
PT J
AU Wahila, MJ
Butler, KT
Lebens-Higgins, ZW
Hendon, CH
Nandur, AS
Treharne, RE
Quackenbush, NF
Sallis, S
Mason, K
Paik, H
Schlom, DG
Woicik, JC
Guo, JH
Arena, DA
White, BE
Watson, GW
Walsh, A
Piper, LFJ
AF Wahila, Matthew J.
Butler, Keith T.
Lebens-Higgins, Zachary W.
Hendon, Christopher H.
Nandur, Abhishek S.
Treharne, Robert E.
Quackenbush, Nicholas F.
Sallis, Shawn
Mason, Katie
Paik, Hanjong
Schlom, Darrell G.
Woicik, Joseph C.
Guo, Jinghua
Arena, Dario A.
White, Bruce E., Jr.
Watson, Graeme W.
Walsh, Aron
Piper, Louis F. J.
TI Lone-Pair Stabilization in Transparent Amorphous Tin Oxides: A Potential
Route to p-Type Conduction Pathways
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE FABRICATION; THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; AUGMENTED-WAVE
METHOD; SEMICONDUCTOR; CUALO2; SNO; MONOXIDE
AB The electronic and atomic structures of amorphous transparent tin oxides have been investigated by a combination of X-ray spectroscopy and atomistic calculations. Crystalline SnO is a promising p-type transparent oxide semiconductor due to a complex lone-pair hybridization that affords both optical transparency despite a small electronic band gap and spherical s-orbital character at the valence band edge. We find that both of these desirable properties (transparency and s-orbital valence band character) are retained upon amorphization despite the disruption of the layered lone-pair states by structural disorder. We explain the anomalously large band gap widening necessary to maintain transparency in terms of lone-pair stabilization via atomic clustering. Our understanding of this mechanism suggests that continuous hole conduction pathways along extended lone pair clusters should be possible under certain stoichiometries. Moreover, these findings should be applicable to other lone-pair active semiconductors.
C1 [Wahila, Matthew J.; Lebens-Higgins, Zachary W.; Quackenbush, Nicholas F.; Mason, Katie; Piper, Louis F. J.] Binghamton Univ, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Butler, Keith T.; Hendon, Christopher H.; Walsh, Aron] Univ Bath, Dept Chem, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England.
[Nandur, Abhishek S.; Sallis, Shawn; White, Bruce E., Jr.] Binghamton Univ, Mat Sci & Engn, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Treharne, Robert E.] Univ Liverpool, Stephenson Inst Renewable Energy, Liverpool L69 7ZF, Merseyside, England.
[Paik, Hanjong; Schlom, Darrell G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Paik, Hanjong; Schlom, Darrell G.] Kavli Inst Cornell Nanoscale Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Woicik, Joseph C.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Guo, Jinghua] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Arena, Dario A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source 2, Basic Energy Sci Directorate, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Watson, Graeme W.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Chem, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Watson, Graeme W.] Trinity Coll Dublin, CRANN, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Hendon, Christopher H.] MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Arena, Dario A.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
RP Piper, LFJ (reprint author), Binghamton Univ, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.; Butler, KT (reprint author), Univ Bath, Dept Chem, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England.
EM ktb22@bath.ac.uk; lpiper@binghamton.edu
RI Walsh, Aron/A-7843-2008; Watson, Graeme/B-4262-2008
OI Walsh, Aron/0000-0001-5460-7033; Watson, Graeme/0000-0001-6732-9474
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1409912, ECCS-1542081]; NSF REU
[DMR-1263004]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; EPSRC [EP/K016288/1, EP/J017361/1]; SFI Grant
[12/IA/1414]; PRACE; Center for Low Energy Systems Technology (LEAST),
one of six centers of STARnet, a Semiconductor Research Corporation
program - MARCO; Center for Low Energy Systems Technology (LEAST), one
of six centers of STARnet, a Semiconductor Research Corporation program
- DARPA
FX The research at Binghamton was partially supported by the National
Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-1409912. KM. acknowledges support
from an NSF REU under Grant No. DMR-1263004. Use of the National
Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported
by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. The Advanced
Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The research at Bath was supported by EPSRC
grants: EP/K016288/1 and EP/J017361/1. The research at Trinity College
Dublin was supported by SFI Grant 12/IA/1414. We also acknowledge PRACE
for awarding us access to resource ARCHER based in the U.K. We thank Ken
Durose for access to his laboratory facilities supported by EPSRC
EP/K005901/1. The work of H.P. and D.G.S. was supported by the Center
for Low Energy Systems Technology (LEAST), one of six centers of
STARnet, a Semiconductor Research Corporation program sponsored by MARCO
and DARPA. This work was performed in part at the Cornell NanoScale
Facility, a member of the National Nanotechnology Coordinated
Infrastructure (NNCI), which is supported by the National Science
Foundation (Grant ECCS-1542081).
NR 49
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 23
U2 40
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
EI 1520-5002
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD JUL 12
PY 2016
VL 28
IS 13
BP 4706
EP 4713
DI 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01608
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA DR1ZJ
UT WOS:000379704100022
ER
PT J
AU Need, RF
Isaac, BJ
Kirby, BJ
Borchers, JA
Stemmer, S
Wilson, SD
AF Need, R. F.
Isaac, B. J.
Kirby, B. J.
Borchers, J. A.
Stemmer, S.
Wilson, Stephen D.
TI Interface-Driven Ferromagnetism within the Quantum Wells of a Rare Earth
Titanate Superlattice
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY; OXIDE INTERFACES; GROWTH
AB Here we present polarized neutron reflectometry measurements exploring thin film heterostructures composed of a strongly correlated Mott state, GdTiO3, embedded with SrTiO3 quantum wells. Our results reveal that the net ferromagnetism inherent to the Mott GdTiO3 matrix propagates into the nominally nonmagnetic SrTiO3 quantum wells and tracks the magnetic order parameter of the host Mott insulating matrix. Beyond a well thickness of 5 SrO layers, the magnetic moment within the wells is dramatically suppressed, suggesting that quenched well magnetism comprises the likely origin of quantum critical magnetotransport in this thin film architecture. Our data demonstrate that the interplay between proximate exchange fields and polarity-induced carrier densities can stabilize extended magnetic states within SrTiO3 quantum wells.
C1 [Need, R. F.; Isaac, B. J.; Stemmer, S.; Wilson, Stephen D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kirby, B. J.; Borchers, J. A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Wilson, SD (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM stephendwilson@engineering.ucsb.edu
RI Stemmer, Susanne/H-6555-2011
OI Stemmer, Susanne/0000-0002-3142-4696
FU ARO Award [W911NF1410379]; National Science Foundation [1144085]
FX S. D. W., R. F. N., and S. S. acknowledge support under ARO Award No.
W911NF1410379. R. F. N. was supported in part by the National Science
Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. 1144085.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 23
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 12
PY 2016
VL 117
IS 3
AR 037205
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.037205
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DQ9EZ
UT WOS:000379514500014
PM 27472135
ER
PT J
AU Parazoo, NC
Commane, R
Wofsy, SC
Koven, CD
Sweeney, C
Lawrence, DM
Lindaas, J
Chang, RYW
Miller, CE
AF Parazoo, Nicholas C.
Commane, Roisin
Wofsy, Steven C.
Koven, Charles D.
Sweeney, Colm
Lawrence, David M.
Lindaas, Jakob
Chang, Rachel Y. -W.
Miller, Charles E.
TI Detecting regional patterns of changing CO2 flux in Alaska
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon cycle; permafrost thaw; climate; Earth system models; remote
sensing
ID NORTHERN ECOSYSTEMS; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PERMAFROST;
CLIMATE; CYCLE; AIRCRAFT; DYNAMICS; EXCHANGE; FEEDBACK
AB With rapid changes in climate and the seasonal amplitude of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Arctic, it is critical that we detect and quantify the underlying processes controlling the changing amplitude of CO2 to better predict carbon cycle feedbacks in the Arctic climate system. We use satellite and airborne observations of atmospheric CO2 with climatically forced CO2 flux simulations to assess the detectability of Alaskan carbon cycle signals as future warming evolves. We find that current satellite remote sensing technologies can detect changing uptake accurately during the growing season but lack sufficient cold season coverage and near-surface sensitivity to constrain annual carbon balance changes at regional scale. Airborne strategies that target regular vertical profile measurements within continental interiors are more sensitive to regional flux deeper into the cold season but currently lack sufficient spatial coverage throughout the entire cold season. Thus, the current CO2 observing network is unlikely to detect potentially large CO2 sources associated with deep permafrost thaw and cold season respiration expected over the next 50 y. Although continuity of current observations is vital, strategies and technologies focused on cold season measurements (active remote sensing, aircraft, and tall towers) and systematic sampling of vertical profiles across continental interiors over the full annual cycle are required to detect the onset of carbon release from thawing permafrost.
C1 [Parazoo, Nicholas C.; Miller, Charles E.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Parazoo, Nicholas C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Commane, Roisin; Wofsy, Steven C.; Lindaas, Jakob] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Commane, Roisin; Wofsy, Steven C.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Koven, Charles D.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Climate & Ecosyst Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Sweeney, Colm] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Sweeney, Colm] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lawrence, David M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Lab, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Lindaas, Jakob] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Chang, Rachel Y. -W.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
RP Parazoo, NC (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.; Parazoo, NC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM nicholas.c.parazoo@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Koven, Charles/N-8888-2014;
OI Koven, Charles/0000-0002-3367-0065; Lindaas, Jakob/0000-0003-1872-3162;
Commane, Roisin/0000-0003-1373-1550
FU NASA; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research
(BER) of the US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US DOE,
BER [DE-FC03-97ER62402/A010]; NSF [PLR-1304220]
FX Some of the research described was performed for CARVE, an Earth
Ventures (EV-1) investigation, under contract with NASA. A portion of
this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. C.D.K.
was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Biological
and Environmental Research (BER) of the US Department of Energy (DOE)
Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 as part of their Regional and Global Climate
Modeling (BGC-Feedbacks SFA) and Terrestrial Ecosystem Science
(NGEE-Arctic) Programs. D.M.L. was supported by the US DOE, BER as part
of Climate Change Prediction Program Cooperative Agreement
DE-FC03-97ER62402/A010 and by NSF Grant PLR-1304220.
NR 36
TC 0
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U1 13
U2 20
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUL 12
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 28
BP 7733
EP 7738
DI 10.1073/pnas.1601085113
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DR1VX
UT WOS:000379694100032
PM 27354511
ER
PT J
AU Young-Robertson, JM
Bolton, WR
Bhatt, US
Cristobal, J
Thoman, R
AF Young-Robertson, Jessica M.
Bolton, W. Robert
Bhatt, Uma S.
Cristobal, Jordi
Thoman, Richard
TI Deciduous trees are a large and overlooked sink for snowmelt water in
the boreal forest
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; INTERIOR ALASKA; PERMAFROST HYDROLOGY; STORED
WATER; CLIMATE; TRANSPIRATION; VEGETATION; BALANCE; DRIVEN; FLUXES
AB The terrestrial water cycle contains large uncertainties that impact our understanding of water budgets and climate dynamics. Water storage is a key uncertainty in the boreal water budget, with tree water storage often ignored. The goal of this study is to quantify tree water content during the snowmelt and growing season periods for Alaskan and western Canadian boreal forests. Deciduous trees reached saturation between snowmelt and leaf-out, taking up 21-25% of the available snowmelt water, while coniferous trees removed < 1%. We found that deciduous trees removed 17.8-20.9 billion m(3) of snowmelt water, which is equivalent to 8.7-10.2% of the Yukon River's annual discharge. Deciduous trees transpired 2-12% (0.4-2.2 billion m(3)) of the absorbed snowmelt water immediately after leaf-out, increasing favorable conditions for atmospheric convection, and an additional 10-30% (2.0-5.2 billion m(3)) between leaf-out and mid-summer. By 2100, boreal deciduous tree area is expected to increase by 1-15%, potentially resulting in an additional 0.3-3 billion m(3) of snowmelt water removed from the soil per year. This study is the first to show that deciduous tree water uptake of snowmelt water represents a large but overlooked aspect of the water balance in boreal watersheds.
C1 [Young-Robertson, Jessica M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Young-Robertson, Jessica M.; Bolton, W. Robert] Univ Alaska, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Bhatt, Uma S.] Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Dept Atmospher Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Cristobal, Jordi] Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Cristobal, Jordi] Univ Alaska, Inst Northern Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Thoman, Richard] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Fairbanks, AK USA.
RP Young-Robertson, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.; Young-Robertson, JM (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
EM jmcable@alaska.edu
RI Cristobal, Jordi/K-8021-2013
OI Cristobal, Jordi/0000-0001-6244-4289
FU Wildlife Program of the USGS Ecosystem Mission Area; NSF Hydrology grant
[1114457]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Scientific Discovery through
Advanced Computing (SciDAC) program grant [DE-SC0006913]; Alaska Climate
Science Center - United States Geological Survey [G10AC00588]
FX This work was part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Changing Arctic
Ecosystem Initiative and was supported by the Wildlife Program of the
USGS Ecosystem Mission Area. We thank NSF Hydrology grant #1114457 and
the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Advanced
Scientific Computing Research, Scientific Discovery through Advanced
Computing (SciDAC) program grant #DE-SC0006913 for funding J.
Young-Robertson and W.R. Bolton. U. Bhatt received financial support
from the Alaska Climate Science Center, funded by Cooperative Agreement
G10AC00588 from the United States Geological Survey. Any use of trade
names or products is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank R. Busey, W. Cable, S.
Dempster, S. Straus, C. Glover, M. Plumb, and L. Barron for field
assistance.
NR 43
TC 0
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U1 7
U2 10
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUL 12
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 29504
DI 10.1038/srep29504
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DQ7RF
UT WOS:000379404400001
PM 27404274
ER
PT J
AU Sobolewski, MA
Wang, YC
Goyette, A
AF Sobolewski, Mark A.
Wang, Yicheng
Goyette, Amanda
TI Ion velocities in the presheath of electronegative, radio-frequency
plasmas measured by low-energy cutoff
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CAPACITIVE RF SHEATH; HIGH-DENSITY; BOHM CRITERION; DISCHARGES;
DISTRIBUTIONS; MODEL
AB Simple kinematic considerations indicate that, under certain conditions in radio-frequency (rf) plasmas, the amplitude of the low-energy peak in ion energy distributions (IEDs) measured at an electrode depends sensitively on ion velocities upstream, at the presheath/sheath boundary. By measuring this amplitude, the velocities at which ions exit the presheath can be determined and long-standing controversies regarding presheath transport can be resolved. Here, IEDs measured in rf-biased, inductively coupled plasmas in CF4 gas determined the presheath exit velocities of all significant positive ions: CF3+, CF2+, CF+, and F+. At higher bias voltages, we detected essentially the same velocity for all four ions. For all ions, measured velocities were significantly lower than the Bohm velocity and the electropositive ion sound speed. Neither is an accurate boundary condition for rf sheaths in electronegative gases: under certain low-frequency, high-voltage criteria defined here, either yields large errors in predicted IEDs. These results indicate that many widely used sheath models will need to be revised.
C1 [Sobolewski, Mark A.; Wang, Yicheng; Goyette, Amanda] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sobolewski, MA (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 11
PY 2016
VL 109
IS 2
AR 024105
DI 10.1063/1.4958836
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DT0EH
UT WOS:000381155200077
ER
PT J
AU Cramer, CE
AF Cramer, C. E.
TI Workshop on Lunar Calibration for Satellite Remote Sensing
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE calibration; lunar spectral irradiance; moon; radiometry; remote sensing
AB Tracking climate variables at the levels of precision and accuracy required to detect global change requires satellite sensors to make highly consistent measurements that can be compared to measurements made at different times and with different instruments. Gaps in climate data records, such as those resulting from launch delay or instrument failure, and inconsistencies in radiometric scales between satellites can introduce unnecessary measurement error and thus undermine the credibility of fundamental climate data records. To address these issues, leading experts in satellite remote sensing and lunar observation and modeling assembled at the National Institute of Standards and Technology from 12-15 May 2012 for a workshop to discuss the utility of and strategies for using the Moon to calibrate satellite remote sensing measurements. This report summarizes the outcome of the workshop, including suggested steps to maximize the value of the Moon as an exoatmospheric calibration source for satellite remote sensing.
C1 [Cramer, C. E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cramer, CE (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM claire.cramer@nist.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD JUL 11
PY 2016
VL 121
BP 367
EP 371
DI 10.6028/jres.121.016
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DW1MP
UT WOS:000383407600001
ER
PT J
AU Ferri, E
Becker, D
Bennett, D
Faverzani, M
Fowler, J
Gard, J
Giachero, A
Hays-Wehle, J
Hilton, G
Maino, M
Mates, J
Puiu, A
Nucciotti, A
Reintsema, C
Schmidt, D
Swetz, D
Ullom, J
Vale, L
AF Ferri, E.
Becker, D.
Bennett, D.
Faverzani, M.
Fowler, J.
Gard, J.
Giachero, A.
Hays-Wehle, J.
Hilton, G.
Maino, M.
Mates, J.
Puiu, A.
Nucciotti, A.
Reintsema, C.
Schmidt, D.
Swetz, D.
Ullom, J.
Vale, L.
TI Microwave multiplex readout for superconducting sensors
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutrino mass; Microwave multiplexed readout; Low temparature detectors
AB The absolute neutrino mass scale is still an outstanding challenge in both particle physics and cosmology. The calorimetric measurement of the energy released in a nuclear beta decay is a powerful tool to determine the effective electron-neutrino mass. In the last years, the progress on low temperature detector technologies has allowed to design large scale experiments aiming at pushing down the sensitivity on the neutrino mass below 1 eV. Even with outstanding performances in both energy (eV on keV) and time resolution (similar to 1 mu s) on the single channel, a large number of detectors working in parallel is required to reach a sub-eV sensitivity. Microwave frequency domain readout is the best available technique to readout large array of low temperature detectors, such as Transition Edge Sensors (TESs) or Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs). In this way a multiplex factor of the order of thousands can be reached, limited only by the bandwidth of the available commercial fast digitizers. This microwave multiplexing system will be used to readout the HOLMES detectors, an array of 1000 microcalorimeters based on TES sensors in which the Ho-163 will be implanted. HOLMES is a new experiment for measuring the electron neutrino mass by means of the electron capture (EC) decay of Ho-163. We present here the microwave frequency multiplex which will be used in the HOLMES experiment and the microwave frequency multiplex used to readout the MKID detectors developed in Milan as well. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ferri, E.; Faverzani, M.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Puiu, A.; Nucciotti, A.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
[Ferri, E.; Faverzani, M.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Puiu, A.; Nucciotti, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Becker, D.; Bennett, D.; Fowler, J.; Gard, J.; Hays-Wehle, J.; Hilton, G.; Mates, J.; Reintsema, C.; Schmidt, D.; Swetz, D.; Ullom, J.; Vale, L.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Ferri, E (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.; Ferri, E (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
EM elena.ferri@mib.infn.it
RI Giachero, Andrea/I-1081-2013; Ferri, Elena/L-8531-2014
OI Giachero, Andrea/0000-0003-0493-695X; Ferri, Elena/0000-0003-1425-3669
FU European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework
Programme (FP7)/ERC [340321]; INFN; NIST Innovations in Measurement
Science program for the TES detector development
FX The HOLMES experiment is funded by the European Research Council under
the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC
Grant Agreement no. (340321). We also acknowledge support from INFN for
the MARE project, from the NIST Innovations in Measurement Science
program for the TES detector development.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
EI 1872-9576
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD JUL 11
PY 2016
VL 824
BP 179
EP 181
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2015.10.019
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA DL1RD
UT WOS:000375408700061
ER
PT J
AU Nucciotti, A
Alpert, B
Becker, D
Bennett, D
Biasotti, M
Brofferio, C
Ceriale, V
Ceruti, G
Corsini, D
Day, P
De Gerone, M
Dressler, R
Faverzani, M
Ferri, E
Fowler, J
Fumagalli, E
Gard, J
Gatti, F
Giachero, A
Hays-Wehle, J
Heinitz, S
Hilton, G
Koester, U
Lusignoli, M
Maino, M
Mates, J
Nisi, S
Nizzolo, R
Orlando, A
Parodi, L
Pessina, G
Pizzigoni, G
Puiu, A
Ragazzi, S
Reintsema, C
Ribeiro-Gomes, M
Schmidt, D
Schumann, D
Siccardi, F
Sisti, M
Swetz, D
Terranova, F
Ullom, J
Vale, L
AF Nucciotti, A.
Alpert, B.
Becker, D.
Bennett, D.
Biasotti, M.
Brofferio, C.
Ceriale, V.
Ceruti, G.
Corsini, D.
Day, P.
De Gerone, M.
Dressler, R.
Faverzani, M.
Ferri, E.
Fowler, J.
Fumagalli, E.
Gard, J.
Gatti, F.
Giachero, A.
Hays-Wehle, J.
Heinitz, S.
Hilton, G.
Koester, U.
Lusignoli, M.
Maino, M.
Mates, J.
Nisi, S.
Nizzolo, R.
Orlando, A.
Parodi, L.
Pessina, G.
Pizzigoni, G.
Puiu, A.
Ragazzi, S.
Reintsema, C.
Ribeiro-Gomes, M.
Schmidt, D.
Schumann, D.
Siccardi, F.
Sisti, M.
Swetz, D.
Terranova, F.
Ullom, J.
Vale, L.
TI Status of the HOLMES detector development
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutrino mass; Ho-163; Electron capture; Low temperature detectors
ID ELECTRON NEUTRINO MASS; HO-163; DECAY
AB HOLMES is a new experiment to directly measure the neutrino mass with a sensitivity as low as 0.4 eV. HOLMES will perform a calorimetric measurement of the energy released in the electron capture decay of Ho-163. HOLMES will deploy a large array of low temperature microcalorimeters with implanted Ho-163 nuclei. HOLMES baseline detector is an array of 1000 microcalorimeters each with an implanted Ho-163 activity of about 300 Bq, an energy resolution FVVHM of about 1 eV at the spectrum end-point (Q approximate to 2.5 keV), and a time resolution of about 1 mu s. Matching these performances requires a careful optimization of all components, from the microcalorimeters to the signal processing algorithms. We outline here the project technical challenges and the present status of the development. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Nucciotti, A.; Brofferio, C.; Faverzani, M.; Ferri, E.; Nizzolo, R.; Puiu, A.; Ragazzi, S.; Sisti, M.; Terranova, F.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy.
[Nucciotti, A.; Brofferio, C.; Ceruti, G.; Faverzani, M.; Ferri, E.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Pessina, G.; Puiu, A.; Ragazzi, S.; Sisti, M.; Terranova, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sezi Milano Bicocca, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Biasotti, M.; Ceriale, V.; Corsini, D.; De Gerone, M.; Fumagalli, E.; Gatti, F.; Orlando, A.; Parodi, L.; Pizzigoni, G.; Schumann, D.; Siccardi, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
[Day, P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Dressler, R.; Heinitz, S.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
[Alpert, B.; Becker, D.; Bennett, D.; Fowler, J.; Gard, J.; Hays-Wehle, J.; Hilton, G.; Mates, J.; Reintsema, C.; Schmidt, D.; Swetz, D.; Ullom, J.; Vale, L.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Koester, U.] Inst Laue Langevin, Grenoble, France.
[Nisi, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Assergi, AQ, Italy.
[Lusignoli, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, Rome, Italy.
[Ribeiro-Gomes, M.] Univ Lisbon, Multidisciplinary Ctr Astrophysics CENTRA IST, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal.
RP Nucciotti, A (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy.
EM angelo.nucciotti@mib.infn.it
RI Giachero, Andrea/I-1081-2013; Sisti, Monica/B-7550-2013; Ferri,
Elena/L-8531-2014; Biasotti, Michele/C-7890-2017
OI Giachero, Andrea/0000-0003-0493-695X; Sisti, Monica/0000-0003-2517-1909;
De Gerone, Matteo/0000-0002-5489-6581; Ferri, Elena/0000-0003-1425-3669;
Pessina, Gianluigi Ezio/0000-0003-3700-9757; Biasotti,
Michele/0000-0002-7241-8479
FU European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework
Programme (FP7)/ERC [340321]; NIST Innovations in Measurement Science
program for the TES detector development
FX The HOLMES experiment is funded by the European Research Council under
the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC
Grant Agreement no. 340321. We also acknowledge support from the NIST
Innovations in Measurement Science program for the TES detector
development.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
EI 1872-9576
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD JUL 11
PY 2016
VL 824
BP 182
EP 183
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2015.09.066
PG 2
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA DL1RD
UT WOS:000375408700062
ER
PT J
AU Pizzigoni, G
Alpert, B
Balata, M
Bennett, D
Biasotti, M
Boragno, C
Brofferio, C
De Gerone, M
Dressler, R
Faverazani, M
Ferri, E
Folwer, J
Gatti, F
Giachero, A
Heinitz, S
Hilton, G
Koster, U
Lusignoli, M
Maino, M
Mates, J
Nisi, S
Nizzolo, R
Nucciotti, A
Pessina, G
Puiu, A
Ragazzi, S
Reintsema, C
Gomes, MR
Shmidt, D
Schumann, D
Sisti, M
Swetz, D
Terranova, F
Ullom, J
Day, PK
AF Pizzigoni, G.
Alpert, B.
Balata, M.
Bennett, D.
Biasotti, M.
Boragno, C.
Brofferio, C.
De Gerone, M.
Dressler, R.
Faverazani, M.
Ferri, E.
Folwer, J.
Gatti, F.
Giachero, A.
Heinitz, S.
Hilton, G.
Koster, U.
Lusignoli, M.
Maino, M.
Mates, J.
Nisi, S.
Nizzolo, R.
Nucciotti, A.
Pessina, G.
Puiu, A.
Ragazzi, S.
Reintsema, C.
Ribeiro Gomes, M.
Shmidt, D.
Schumann, D.
Sisti, M.
Swetz, D.
Terranova, F.
Ullom, J.
Day, P. K.
TI Inside HOLMES experiment: Ho-163 metallic target production for the
micro-calorimeter absorber
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutrino mass; Holmes experiment; Reduction and distillation process
AB The main goal in the HOLMES experiment is the neutrino mass measurement using an array of 1000 micro-calorimeters with standard metallic absorber. A good isotope for such measurement is the Ho-163, those isotopes embedded in the metallic absorber will be 10(11)-10(13). Since Ho-163 is not available in nature, a dedicated process must be set up to produce the amount needed for this neutrino mass experiment. The process with the highest born-up cross-section is the neutron irradiation of Er2O3 enriched in Er-162: Er-162(n,gamma)Er-163 -> Ho-163 +v(e), where the decay is an EC with half-life of about 75 min and the (n,gamma) is about 20 barns for thermal neutron. After the neutron irradiation in the oxide powder there are several radioactive isotopes which are potentially disturbing because of the background that they cause below 5 keV. The chemical separation of holmium from the irradiation enriched Er2O3 powder is therefore mandatory and will be performed by means of ion exchange chromatography. On the end of those processes the oxide powder enriched in 162Er will have the 163Ho isotope number required. The holmium chemical state influences the end point of the EC spectrum, in order to avoid such effect it is necessary to embed in the absorber only the metallic isotope. Reduction and distillation technique allowed us to obtain a pure metallic holmium, starting from natural oxide holmium. This technique will be applied on the irradiated oxide powder to obtain the metallic Ho-163, ready to be embedded in the micro-calorimeter absorber. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pizzigoni, G.; Biasotti, M.; Boragno, C.; De Gerone, M.; Gatti, F.] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy.
[Pizzigoni, G.; Biasotti, M.; Boragno, C.; De Gerone, M.; Gatti, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy.
[Alpert, B.; Bennett, D.; Folwer, J.; Mates, J.; Reintsema, C.; Shmidt, D.; Swetz, D.; Ullom, J.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Balata, M.; Nisi, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Assergi, AQ, Italy.
[Brofferio, C.; Faverazani, M.; Ferri, E.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Nizzolo, R.; Nucciotti, A.; Puiu, A.; Ragazzi, S.; Sisti, M.; Terranova, F.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis, Milan, Italy.
[Brofferio, C.; Faverazani, M.; Ferri, E.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Nizzolo, R.; Nucciotti, A.; Pessina, G.; Puiu, A.; Ragazzi, S.; Sisti, M.; Terranova, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Day, P. K.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Dressler, R.; Heinitz, S.; Hilton, G.; Schumann, D.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
[Lusignoli, M.] Inst Laue Langevin, Grenoble, France.
[Koster, U.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, Rome, Italy.
[Ribeiro Gomes, M.] Univ Lisbon, Multidisciplinary Ctr Astrophys CENTRA IST, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal.
RP Pizzigoni, G (reprint author), Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy.
EM giulio.pizzigoni@ge.infn.it
RI Giachero, Andrea/I-1081-2013; Ferri, Elena/L-8531-2014; Biasotti,
Michele/C-7890-2017; Sisti, Monica/B-7550-2013
OI Giachero, Andrea/0000-0003-0493-695X; Ferri, Elena/0000-0003-1425-3669;
Biasotti, Michele/0000-0002-7241-8479; Sisti, Monica/0000-0003-2517-1909
FU European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework
Programme (FP7)/ERC Grant [340321]
FX The HOLMES experiment is funded by the European Research Council under
the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC
Grant Agreement no. 340321. We would like to thank Professor P.
Manfrinetti for his useful contributions.
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
EI 1872-9576
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD JUL 11
PY 2016
VL 824
BP 223
EP 225
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2015.11.020
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA DL1RD
UT WOS:000375408700078
ER
PT J
AU Heymans, JJ
Coll, M
Link, JS
Mackinson, S
Steenbeek, J
Walters, C
Christensen, V
AF Heymans, Johanna Jacomina
Coll, Marta
Link, Jason S.
Mackinson, Steven
Steenbeek, Jeroen
Walters, Carl
Christensen, Villy
TI Best practice in Ecopath with Ecosim food-web models for ecosystem-based
management
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecopath with Ecosim; Ecological network analysis; Ecosystem modelling;
Ecosystem-based management; Monte Carlo; Time series fitting
ID NW MEDITERRANEAN SEA; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; EXPLOITED ECOSYSTEMS; BENGUELA
ECOSYSTEM; SOUTHERN BENGUELA; NETWORK ANALYSIS; SHELF ECOSYSTEM;
DYNAMICS; INDICATORS; IMPACTS
AB Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) models are easier to construct and use compared to most other ecosystem modelling techniques and are therefore more widely used by more scientists and managers. This, however, creates a problem with quality assurance; to address this we provide an overview of best practices for creating Ecopath, models. We describe the diagnostics that can be used to check for thermodynamic and ecological principles, and highlight principles that should be used for balancing a model. We then highlight the pitfalls when comparing Ecopath models using Ecological Network Analysis indices. For dynamic simulations in Ecosim we show the state of the art in calibrating the model by fitting it to time series using a formal fitting procedure and statistical goodness of fit. Finally, we show how Monte Carlo simulations can be used to address uncertainty in input parameters, and we discuss the use of models in a management context, specifically using the concept of 'key runs' for ecosystem-based management. This novel list of best practices for EwE models will enable ecosystem managers to evaluate the goodness of fit of the given EwE model to the ecosystem management question. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Heymans, Johanna Jacomina] Scottish Marine Inst, Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland.
[Coll, Marta] Inst Rech Dev UMR MARBEC MARine Biodiver Exploita, Ave Jean Monnet,BP 171, F-34203 Sete, France.
[Coll, Marta] Inst Marine Sci ICM CSIC, Passeig Maritim Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
[Link, Jason S.] NOAA Fisheries, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Mackinson, Steven] Cefas, Pakefield Rd, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, Suffolk, England.
[Steenbeek, Jeroen] Ecopath Int Initiat Res Assoc, Barcelona, Spain.
[Walters, Carl; Christensen, Villy] Univ British Columbia, Inst Oceans & Fisheries, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
RP Heymans, JJ (reprint author), Scottish Marine Inst, Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland.
EM sheilaheymans@yahoo.com; marta.coll@ird.fr; Jason.Link@noaa.gov;
steve.mackinson@cefas.co.uk; jeroen.steenbeek@gmail.com;
c.walters@oceans.ubc.ca; v.christensen@oceans.ubc.ca
RI Steenbeek, Jeroen/F-9936-2016
OI Steenbeek, Jeroen/0000-0002-7878-8075
FU Natural Environment Research Council; Department for Environment, Food
and Rural Affairs under the project MERP [NE/L003279/1]; Defra [M1228];
EU FP7 GAP2 [266544]; European Commission through the Marie Curie Career
Integration Grant Fellowships; Spanish National Program Ramon y Cajal;
NSERC [RGPIN-2014-05782]
FX The authors wish to thank Dr Karen Alexander and Dr Natalia Serpetti for
their thoughtful comments on this manuscript. JJH was supported by the
Natural Environment Research Council and Department for Environment,
Food and Rural Affairs under the project MERP: grant number
NE/L003279/1, Marine Ecosystems Research Programme. SM acknowledges
support from Defra contract M1228 'Fizzyfish' and EU FP7 GAP2, Grant
agreement 266544. MC was partially funded by the European Commission
through the Marie Curie Career Integration Grant Fellowships to the
BIOWEB project and by the Spanish National Program Ramon y Cajal. VC
acknowledges support through an NSERC Discovery Grant RGPIN-2014-05782.
NR 93
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U1 14
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD JUL 10
PY 2016
VL 331
BP 173
EP 184
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.12.007
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DN1NC
UT WOS:000376831700016
ER
PT J
AU Carter, AR
Seaberg, MH
Fan, HF
Sun, G
Wilds, CJ
Li, HW
Perkins, TT
AF Carter, Ashley R.
Seaberg, Maasa H.
Fan, Hsiu-Fang
Sun, Gang
Wilds, Christopher J.
Li, Hung-Wen
Perkins, Thomas T.
TI Sequence-dependent nanometer-scale conformational dynamics of individual
RecBCD-DNA complexes
SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI RECBCD; SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; RECOMBINATION HOTSPOT-CHI;
VIRUS NS3 HELICASE; CROSS-LINKED DNA; OPTICAL TWEEZERS; STEP-SIZE;
NUCLEASE ACTIVITY; HIGH-RESOLUTION; RNA-POLYMERASE
AB RecBCD is a multifunctional enzyme that possesses both helicase and nuclease activities. To gain insight into the mechanism of its helicase function, RecBCD unwinding at low adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (2-4 mu M) was measured using an optical-trapping assay featuring 1 base-pair (bp) precision. Instead of uniformly sized steps, we observed forward motion convolved with rapid, large-scale (similar to 4 bp) variations in DNA length. We interpret this motion as conformational dynamics of the RecBCD-DNA complex in an unwinding-competent state, arising, in part, by an enzyme-induced, back-and-forth motion relative to the dsDNA that opens and closes the duplex. Five observations support this interpretation. First, these dynamics were present in the absence of ATP. Second, the onset of the dynamics was coupled to RecBCD entering into an unwinding-competent state that required a sufficiently long 5' strand to engage the RecD helicase. Third, the dynamics were modulated by the GC-content of the dsDNA. Fourth, the dynamics were suppressed by an engineered interstrand cross-link in the dsDNA that prevented unwinding. Finally, these dynamics were suppressed by binding of a specific non-hydrolyzable ATP analog. Collectively, these observations show that during unwinding, RecBCD binds to DNA in a dynamic mode that is modulated by the nucleotide state of the ATP-binding pocket.
C1 [Carter, Ashley R.] Amherst Coll, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01002 USA.
[Seaberg, Maasa H.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Seaberg, Maasa H.; Perkins, Thomas T.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Seaberg, Maasa H.; Perkins, Thomas T.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fan, Hsiu-Fang] Natl Yang Ming Univ, Dept Life Sci, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
[Fan, Hsiu-Fang] Natl Yang Ming Univ, Inst Genome Sci, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
[Fan, Hsiu-Fang; Li, Hung-Wen] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Chem, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Sun, Gang; Wilds, Christopher J.] Concordia Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Montreal, PQ H4B 1R6, Canada.
[Perkins, Thomas T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Seaberg, Maasa H.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.
RP Perkins, TT (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Perkins, TT (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Perkins, TT (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM tperkins@jila.colorado.edu
OI Perkins, Thomas/0000-0003-4826-9490; LI, HUNG-WEN/0000-0002-5614-3727
FU Burroughs Wellcome Fund Career Award in the Biomedical Sciences;
National Science Foundation [Phy-0404286, Phys-1125844]; National
Science Foundation [IGERT]; National Physical Science Consortium
Fellowship; W.M. Keck Initiative in the RNA Sciences; Natural Sciences
and Engineering Research Council of Canada and Canada Research Chair
Program [299384-2011, 950-213807]; NSF; National Institute of Standard
and Technology; Amherst College; Ministry of Science and Technology of
Taiwan [NSC 102-2114-M-002-007]
FX Burroughs Wellcome Fund Career Award in the Biomedical Sciences (to
T.T.P.); National Science Foundation [Phy-0404286, Phys-1125844, IGERT
to A.R.C., M.H.S.]; National Physical Science Consortium Fellowship (to
A.R.C.); W.M. Keck Initiative in the RNA Sciences, National Institute of
Standard and Technology, Amherst College, Ministry of Science and
Technology of Taiwan [NSC 102-2114-M-002-007 to H.F.F., H.W.L.]; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and Canada Research
Chair Program (299384-2011 and 950-213807 to C.J.W.). Funding for open
access charge: NSF.
NR 68
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1048
EI 1362-4962
J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES
JI Nucleic Acids Res.
PD JUL 8
PY 2016
VL 44
IS 12
BP 5849
EP 5860
DI 10.1093/nar/gkw445
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA DT0ZG
UT WOS:000381210900033
PM 27220465
ER
PT J
AU Cui, XL
Chen, KJ
Xing, HB
Yang, QW
Krishna, R
Bao, ZB
Wu, H
Zhou, W
Dong, XL
Han, Y
Li, B
Ren, QL
Zaworotko, MJ
Chen, BL
AF Cui, Xili
Chen, Kaijie
Xing, Huabin
Yang, Qiwei
Krishna, Rajamani
Bao, Zongbi
Wu, Hui
Zhou, Wei
Dong, Xinglong
Han, Yu
Li, Bin
Ren, Qilong
Zaworotko, Michael J.
Chen, Banglin
TI Pore chemistry and size control in hybrid porous materials for acetylene
capture from ethylene
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; METHANE STORAGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; AIR CAPTURE;
CO2; ADSORPTION; SEPARATION; FUNCTIONALITIES; REMOVAL; SITES
AB The trade-off between physical adsorption capacity and selectivity of porous materials is a major barrier for efficient gas separation and purification through physisorption. We report control over pore chemistry and size in metal coordination networks with hexafluorosilicate and organic linkers for the purpose of preferential binding and orderly assembly of acetylene molecules through cooperative host-guest and/or guest-guest interactions. The specific binding sites for acetylene are validated by modeling and neutron powder diffraction studies. The energies associated with these binding interactions afford high adsorption capacity (2.1 millimoles per gram at 0.025 bar) and selectivity (39.7 to 44.8) for acetylene at ambient conditions. Their efficiency for the separation of acetylene/ethylene mixtures is demonstrated by experimental breakthrough curves (0.73 millimoles per gram from a 1/99 mixture).
C1 [Cui, Xili; Xing, Huabin; Yang, Qiwei; Bao, Zongbi; Ren, Qilong] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Chem & Biol Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Biomass Chem Engn, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Kaijie; Zaworotko, Michael J.] Univ Limerick, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, Limerick, Ireland.
[Krishna, Rajamani] Univ Amsterdam, Vant Hoff Inst Mol Sci, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Wu, Hui; Zhou, Wei] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Dong, Xinglong; Han, Yu] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Phys Sci & Engn Div, Adv Membranes & Porous Mat Ctr, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia.
[Li, Bin; Chen, Banglin] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Chem, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
RP Xing, HB (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Coll Chem & Biol Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Biomass Chem Engn, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.; Zaworotko, MJ (reprint author), Univ Limerick, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, Limerick, Ireland.; Chen, BL (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Chem, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
EM xinghb@zju.edu.cn; michael.zaworotko@ul.ie; banglin.chen@utsa.edu
RI Wu, Hui/C-6505-2008; Zhou, Wei/C-6504-2008; Chen, Banglin/F-5461-2010;
zaworotko, michael/A-7448-2009; Krishna, Rajamani/A-1098-2012; Li,
Bin/J-6124-2015;
OI Wu, Hui/0000-0003-0296-5204; Zhou, Wei/0000-0002-5461-3617; Chen,
Banglin/0000-0001-8707-8115; zaworotko, michael/0000-0002-1360-540X;
Krishna, Rajamani/0000-0002-4784-8530; Li, Bin/0000-0002-7774-5452;
Yang, Qiwei/0000-0002-6469-5126; Chen, KaiJie/0000-0001-7581-6571
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21222601, 21436010,
21476192]; Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China
[LR13B060001]; Ten Thousand Talent Program of China; Welch Foundation
[AX-1730]; King Abdullah Science and Technology University Office of
Competitive Research Funds [URF/1/1672-01-01]; Science Foundation
Ireland [13/RP/B2549]
FX This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (grants 21222601, 21436010, and 21476192), Zhejiang Provincial
Natural Science Foundation of China (grant LR13B060001), Ten Thousand
Talent Program of China (to H.X.), the Welch Foundation (grant AX-1730),
King Abdullah Science and Technology University Office of Competitive
Research Funds (grant URF/1/1672-01-01), and the Science Foundation
Ireland (award 13/RP/B2549 to M.Z.). We thank T. L. Hu, Y. F. Zhao, W.
D. Shan, and M. D. Jiang for their help and arrangement of the
breakthrough experiments; A. Kumar for help with sample
characterization; and Z. G. Zhang and B. G. Su for discussions of the
experiments. Metrical data for the solid-state structures of
SIFSIX-2-Cu-i-C2D2 and
SIFSIX-1-Cu-C2D2 are available free of charge from
the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre under reference numbers CCDC
1471795 and 1471796.
NR 26
TC 37
Z9 39
U1 145
U2 236
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUL 8
PY 2016
VL 353
IS 6295
BP 141
EP 144
DI 10.1126/science.aaf2458
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DQ4XP
UT WOS:000379208400032
PM 27198674
ER
PT J
AU Vogel, RL
Brown, CW
AF Vogel, Ronald L.
Brown, Christopher W.
TI Assessing satellite sea surface salinity from ocean color radiometric
measurements for coastal hydrodynamic model data assimilation
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE salinity; ocean color radiometry; data assimilation
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; MIDDLE ATLANTIC BIGHT; EAST CHINA SEA;
CHESAPEAKE BAY; BLUE-CRAB; RIVER; CDOM; ABSORPTION; WATERS; PLUME
AB Improving forecasts of salinity from coastal hydrodynamic models would further our predictive capacity of physical, chemical, and biological processes in the coastal ocean. However, salinity is difficult to estimate in coastal and estuarine waters at the temporal and spatial resolution required. Retrieving sea surface salinity (SSS) using satellite ocean color radiometry may provide estimates with reasonable accuracy and resolution for coastal waters that could be assimilated into hydrodynamic models to improve SSS forecasts. We evaluated the applicability of satellite SSS retrievals from two algorithms for potential assimilation into National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Chesapeake Bay Operational Forecast System (CBOFS) hydrodynamic model. Of the two satellite algorithms, a generalized additive model (GAM) outperformed that of an artificial neural network (ANN), with mean bias and root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 1.27 and 3.71 for the GAM and 3.44 and 5.01 for the ANN. However, the RMSE for the SSS predicted by CBOFS (2.47) was lower than that of both satellite algorithms. Given the better precision of the CBOFS model, assimilation of satellite ocean color SSS retrievals will not improve CBOFS forecasts of SSS in Chesapeake Bay. The bias in the GAM SSS retrievals suggests that adding a variable related to precipitation may improve its performance. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
C1 [Vogel, Ronald L.; Brown, Christopher W.] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Vogel, Ronald L.] SM Resources Corp, 22375 Broderick Dr,Suite 275, Sterling, VA 20166 USA.
RP Vogel, RL (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.; Vogel, RL (reprint author), SM Resources Corp, 22375 Broderick Dr,Suite 275, Sterling, VA 20166 USA.
EM ronald.vogel@noaa.gov
RI Brown, Christopher/B-8213-2008
OI Brown, Christopher/0000-0002-9905-6391
FU NOAA Ocean Remote Sensing Program
FX The authors thank Erick Geiger and Erin Urquhart for extensive help
implementing and verifying their satellite retrieval algorithms and for
important discussion. Specific acknowledgment goes to Erick Geiger for
reformulating the ANN algorithm for Chesapeake Bay for use in this
study. The authors thank Lyon Lanerolle, Jiangtao Xu, Phillip Keegstra,
Peter Bergstrom, Doug Wilson, and Charles Pellerin for their valuable
discussions and for help with data, formats, and buoy data quality. This
research was funded by the NOAA Ocean Remote Sensing Program. The views,
opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of the authors
and should not be construed as an official NOAA or U.S. Government
position, policy, or decision.
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1931-3195
J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS
JI J. Appl. Remote Sens.
PD JUL 7
PY 2016
VL 10
AR 036003
DI 10.1117/1.JRS.10.036003
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA EE6LT
UT WOS:000389723400001
ER
PT J
AU Bertrand, CE
Self, JL
Copley, JRD
Faraone, A
AF Bertrand, C. E.
Self, J. L.
Copley, J. R. D.
Faraone, A.
TI Dynamic signature of molecular association in methanol
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID METHANOL; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; SUPERCOOLED WATER; TEMPERATURE;
CLUSTERS; ALCOHOLS
AB Quasielastic neutron scattering measurements and molecular dynamics simulations were combined to investigate the collective dynamics of deuterated methanol, CD3OD. In the experimentally determined dynamic structure factor, a slow, non-Fickian mode was observed in addition to the standard density-fluctuation heat mode. The simulation results indicate that the slow dynamical process originates from the hydrogen bonding of methanol molecules. The qualitative behavior of this mode is similar to the previously observed alpha-relaxation in supercooled water [M. C. Bellissent-Funel et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3644 (2000)] which also originates from the formation and dissolution of hydrogen-bonded associates (supramolecular clusters). In methanol, however, this mode is distinguishable well above the freezing transition. This finding indicates that an emergent slow mode is not unique to supercooled water, but may instead be a general feature of hydrogen-bonding liquids and associating molecular liquids.
C1 [Bertrand, C. E.; Copley, J. R. D.; Faraone, A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Self, J. L.] Univ Texas Austin, McKetta Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
RP Faraone, A (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM afaraone@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1508249, DMR-0944772]
FX The authors would like to thank J. Teixeira for a critical reading of
this manuscript. This work utilized facilities supported in part by the
National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-1508249. During the
execution of this work JS was supported by the National Science
Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772 as a Summer Undergraduate
Research Fellow.
NR 30
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 7
PY 2016
VL 145
IS 1
AR 014502
DI 10.1063/1.4954964
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DR0FZ
UT WOS:000379584700022
PM 27394112
ER
PT J
AU Zong, YW
Yuan, GC
Han, CC
AF Zong, Yiwu
Yuan, Guangcui
Han, Charles C.
TI Asymmetrical phase separation and gelation in binary mixtures of
oppositely charged colloids
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SHORT-RANGE ATTRACTION; ELECTROSTATIC HETEROAGGREGATION; SPINODAL
DECOMPOSITION; POLYMER MIXTURES; LATEX-PARTICLES; MODEL; BEHAVIOR;
DISPERSIONS; STABILITY; FLOCCULATION
AB Two types of colloidal particles, which are nearly the same in chemical composition but carry opposite surface charges, are mixed in water. Depending on the relative proportion of the oppositely charged particles, the process of aggregation leads to the formation of discrete clusters of various sizes in dilute dispersions, and to the development of particle gel networks in more concentrated systems. Due to the significant difference in the absolute values of surface charges (negative particle: -48 mV, positive particle: + 24 mV), the phase separation and the gelation behaviors are asymmetric with respect to the mixing ratio. Mixtures with excess negative particles are more stable, while mixtures with excess positive particles are easily affected by phase separation. The hetero-aggregation triggered by the addition of microscopically large macro-ions is similar to what is often observed in a mono-component charged colloidal system, i.e., phase separation occurs through addition of small electrolyte ions. Within the concentration region investigated here, it is clear that the gel line is buried inside the phase separation region. Gelation occurs only when the number and size of the clusters are large and big enough to connect up into a space-spanning network. Our results indicate that, in this binary mixture of oppositely charged colloids, although the interaction between unlike species is attractive and that between like species is repulsive, the onset of gelation is in fact governed by the equilibrium phase separation, as in the case of purely attractive systems with short-range isotropic interaction. Published by AIP Publishing.
C1 [Zong, Yiwu; Yuan, Guangcui; Han, Charles C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Chem, Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Zong, Yiwu] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Yuan, Guangcui] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yuan, Guangcui] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Han, Charles C.] Shenzhen Univ, Inst Adv Study, Shenzhen 518060, Peoples R China.
RP Yuan, GC; Han, CC (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Chem, Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.; Yuan, GC (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Yuan, GC (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.; Han, CC (reprint author), Shenzhen Univ, Inst Adv Study, Shenzhen 518060, Peoples R China.
EM guangcui.yuan@nist.gov; c.c.han@iccas.ac.cn
FU Chinese National Science Foundation [21474121]; National Basic Research
Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB821503]; National Science
Foundation [DMR-1508249]
FX Help from Boualem Hammouda is appreciated. This work is supported by the
Chinese National Science Foundation (Project No. 21474121) and the
National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, No.
2012CB821503). This work utilized facilities supported in part by the
National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-1508249. Certain
commercial equipment, instruments, or materials (or suppliers, or
software, etc.) are identified in this paper to foster understanding.
Such identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the
U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply
that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best
available for the purpose.
NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 7
PY 2016
VL 145
IS 1
AR 014904
DI 10.1063/1.4954993
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DR0FZ
UT WOS:000379584700032
PM 27394122
ER
PT J
AU Sharma, VK
Marnontov, E
Tyagi, M
Qian, S
Rai, DK
Urban, VS
AF Sharma, V. K.
Marnontov, E.
Tyagi, M.
Qian, S.
Rai, D. K.
Urban, V. S.
TI Dynamical and Phase Behavior of a Phospholipid Membrane Altered by an
Antimicrobial Peptide at Low Concentration
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CHOLESTEROL LIPID-BILAYERS;
X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; LATERAL DIFFUSION; MOLECULAR-MECHANISM; MODEL
MEMBRANES; MELITTIN; ALAMETHICIN; MICELLES;
DIMYRISTOYLPHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE
AB The mechanism of action of antimicrobial peptides is traditionally attributed to the formation of pores in the lipid cell membranes of pathogens, which requires a substantial peptide to lipid ratio. However, using incoherent neutron scattering, we show that even at a concentration too low for pore formation, an archetypal antimicrobial peptide, melittin, disrupts the regular phase behavior of the microscopic dynamics in a phospholipid membrane, dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC). At the same time, another antimicrobial peptide, alamethicin, does not exert a similar effect on the DMPC microscopic dynamics. The melittin-altered lateral motion of DMPC at physiological temperature no longer resembles the fluid-phase behavior characteristic of functional membranes of the living cells. The disruptive effect demonstrated by melittin even at low concentrations reveals a new mechanism of antimicrobial action relevant in more realistic scenarios, when peptide concentration is not as high as would be required for pore formation, which may facilitate treatment with antimicrobial peptides.
C1 [Sharma, V. K.; Qian, S.; Rai, D. K.; Urban, V. S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Sharma, V. K.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Solid State Phys, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
[Marnontov, E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Tyagi, M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tyagi, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Sharma, VK (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Sharma, VK (reprint author), Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Solid State Phys, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
EM sharmavk@ornl.gov
RI Mamontov, Eugene/Q-1003-2015;
OI Mamontov, Eugene/0000-0002-5684-2675; Rai, Durgesh/0000-0001-7257-7210
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1508249]; Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy;
Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department
of Energy [FWP ERKP291]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX The neutron scattering experiments on HFBS at NCNR were supported in
part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-1508249.
The neutron scattering experiments on BASIS at the Spallation Neutron
Source were supported by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The Bio-SANS of the
Center for Structural Molecular Biology (FWP ERKP291) at the High Flux
Isotope Reactoris is supported by the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy. ORNL is managed
by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under
contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 56
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 13
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD JUL 7
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 13
BP 2394
EP 2401
DI 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01006
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA DQ8JP
UT WOS:000379457400018
PM 27232190
ER
PT J
AU Strelcov, E
Ievlev, A
Belianinov, A
Tselev, A
Kolmakov, A
Kalinin, SV
AF Strelcov, Evgheni
Ievlev, Anton
Belianinov, Alex
Tselev, Alexander
Kolmakov, Andrei
Kalinin, Sergei V.
TI Local coexistence of VO2 phases revealed by deep data analysis
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-INSULATOR-TRANSITION; MODELING MIXTURE ANALYSIS; VANADIUM DIOXIDE;
RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; NANOPLATELETS; TEMPERATURE; NANOBEAM; DRIVEN; M2
AB We report a synergistic approach of micro-Raman spectroscopic mapping and deep data analysis to study the distribution of crystallographic phases and ferroelastic domains in a defected Al-doped VO2 microcrystal. Bayesian linear unmixing revealed an uneven distribution of the T phase, which is stabilized by the surface defects and uneven local doping that went undetectable by other classical analysis techniques such as PCA and SIMPLISMA. This work demonstrates the impact of information recovery via statistical analysis and full mapping in spectroscopic studies of vanadium dioxide systems, which is commonly substituted by averaging or single point-probing approaches, both of which suffer from information misinterpretation due to low resolving power.
C1 [Strelcov, Evgheni; Ievlev, Anton; Belianinov, Alex; Tselev, Alexander; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Inst Funct Imaging Mat, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Strelcov, Evgheni; Ievlev, Anton; Belianinov, Alex; Tselev, Alexander; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Strelcov, Evgheni; Kolmakov, Andrei] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Strelcov, Evgheni] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Strelcov, E (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Inst Funct Imaging Mat, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Strelcov, E (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Strelcov, E (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Strelcov, E (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM Evgheni.strelcov@nist.gov
RI Kolmakov, Andrei/B-1460-2017
OI Kolmakov, Andrei/0000-0001-5299-4121
FU Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy;
University of Maryland; National Institute of Standards and Technology
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology [70NANB10H193]
FX This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the
Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy. ES acknowledges support under the Cooperative
Research Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National
Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and
Technology, Award 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland.
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 26
U2 40
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUL 7
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 29216
DI 10.1038/srep29216
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DQ3ZQ
UT WOS:000379143000001
PM 27384473
ER
PT J
AU Fukunaga, A
Kosaki, RK
Wagner, D
Kane, C
AF Fukunaga, Atsuko
Kosaki, Randall K.
Wagner, Daniel
Kane, Corinne
TI Structure of Mesophotic Reef Fish Assemblages in the Northwestern
Hawaiian Islands
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CORALS CNIDARIA ANTIPATHARIA; BLACK CORALS; SCLERACTINIAN CORALS;
QUANTILE REGRESSION; CANONICAL-ANALYSIS; AUAU CHANNEL; DEEP; DIVERSITY;
ECOLOGY; HABITAT
AB Mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) support diverse communities of marine organisms with changes in community structure occurring along a depth gradient. In recent years, MCEs have gained attention due to their depths that provide protection from natural and anthropogenic stressors and their relative stability over evolutionary time periods, yet ecological structures of fish assemblages in MCEs remain largely un-documented. Here, we investigated composition and trophic structure of reef fish assemblages in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI) along a depth gradient from 1 to 67 m. The structure of reef fish assemblages as a whole showed a clear gradient from shallow to mesophotic depths. Fish assemblages at mesophotic depths had higher total densities than those in shallower waters, and were characterized by relatively high densities of planktivores and invertivores and relatively low densities of herbivores. Fishes that typified assemblages at mesophotic depths included six species that are endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. The present study showed that mesophotic reefs in the NWHI support unique assemblages of fish that are characterized by high endemism and relatively high densities of planktivores. Our findings underscore the ecological importance of these undersurveyed ecosystems and warrant further studies of MCEs.
C1 [Fukunaga, Atsuko; Kosaki, Randall K.; Wagner, Daniel] NOAA, Papahanaumokuakea Marine Natl Monument, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Kane, Corinne] Washington State Univ, Vancouver, WA USA.
RP Fukunaga, A (reprint author), NOAA, Papahanaumokuakea Marine Natl Monument, Honolulu, HI USA.
EM atsuko.fukunaga@noaa.gov
OI Fukunaga, Atsuko/0000-0003-2175-6635
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) Office of
National Marine Sanctuaries, through the Papahanaumokuakea Marine
National Monument
FX This work was funded in part by National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's (NOAA's) Office of National Marine Sanctuaries, through
the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument. The funder had no role
in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or
preparation of the manuscript.; We thank the officers and crew of the
NOAA ship Hi'ialakai, and J. Leonard, B. Hauk, K. Keogh, G. McFall, R.
Boland, A. Montgomery, Y. Papastamatiou, K. Lopes, C. Clark, J. Bostick,
E. Kehn, R. Pyle and S. Harris for field support. We also thank M. J.
Anderson for initial R codes for quantile regression and three anonymous
reviewers for their comments that improved this manuscript. This work
was funded in part by NOAA's Office of National Marine Sanctuaries,
through the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument. The scientific
results and conclusions, as well as any views or opinions expressed
herein, are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
views of NOAA or the Department of Commerce.
NR 73
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 8
U2 17
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 6
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 7
AR e0157861
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0157861
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DR3NH
UT WOS:000379809400029
PM 27383614
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, YX
Ouyang, J
Zhang, JC
Li, Y
Cheng, HB
Xu, HW
Liu, ML
Cao, ZP
Wang, CM
AF Zhang, Yunxiang
Ouyang, Jun
Zhang, Jincan
Li, Yao
Cheng, Hongbo
Xu, Huiwen
Liu, Menglin
Cao, Zhao-Peng
Wang, Chun-Ming
TI Strain Engineered CaBi2Nb2O9 Thin Films with Enhanced Electrical
Properties
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE strain engineering bismuth layer-structured ferroelectrics (BLSFs);
calcium bismuth niobate (CaBi2Nb2O9); magnetron sputtering electrical
property
ID POLYMERIC PRECURSOR METHOD; PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; PIEZOELECTRIC
PROPERTIES; FERROELECTRIC CERAMICS; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; BOTTOM
ELECTRODES; INTERNAL-STRESSES; DOMAIN-STRUCTURES; MICROSTRUCTURE;
SUBSTITUTION
AB In this work, strain engineered polycrystalline thin films (similar to 250 nm) of bismuth layer -structured ferroelectric (BLSF) CaBi2Nb2O9 (CBNO) were prepared by using a radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique. XRD analysis revealed that the films were (200)/(020) and (001) textured with a large in -plane tensile stress. Cross-sectional TEM analyses confirmed the bismuth layered -structure, as well as crystalline orientations and a strain-controlled growth mode of the grains. Result of a quantitative XPS analysis revealed that the composition of the film is close to the chemical stoichiometry. Excellent electrical properties were achieved in the CBNO films, including a high dielectric constant (similar to 280 @5 kHz), a small dielectric loss (tgo < 1.6% up to an applied electric field of -4200 kV/cm) and a large polarization (P-r approximate to 14, mu C/cm(2) @ 1 kHz).
C1 [Zhang, Yunxiang; Ouyang, Jun; Zhang, Jincan; Li, Yao; Cheng, Hongbo; Xu, Huiwen; Liu, Menglin; Cao, Zhao-Peng; Wang, Chun-Ming] Shandong Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Liquid Solid Struct Evolut & Proc Mat, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jinan 250061, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yunxiang; Ouyang, Jun; Zhang, Jincan; Li, Yao; Cheng, Hongbo; Xu, Huiwen; Liu, Menglin; Cao, Zhao-Peng; Wang, Chun-Ming] Shandong Univ, State Key Lab Crystal Mat, Sch Phys, Jinan 250061, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yunxiang; Ouyang, Jun; Zhang, Jincan; Li, Yao; Cheng, Hongbo; Xu, Huiwen; Liu, Menglin] Shandong Univ, Suzhou Inst, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China.
[Ouyang, Jun] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ouyang, J; Wang, CM (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Liquid Solid Struct Evolut & Proc Mat, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jinan 250061, Shandong, Peoples R China.; Ouyang, J; Wang, CM (reprint author), Shandong Univ, State Key Lab Crystal Mat, Sch Phys, Jinan 250061, Shandong, Peoples R China.; Ouyang, J (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Suzhou Inst, Suzhou 215123, Peoples R China.; Ouyang, J (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ouyangjun@sdu.edu.cn; wangcm@sdu.edu.cn
RI Wang, Chun-Ming/A-5528-2008;
OI Ouyang, Jun/0000-0003-2446-2958
FU NSFC of China [91122024, 50902087]; NSFC of Shandong Province of China
[ZR2012EMQ005, ZR2014EMM012]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents
in University (State Education Ministry); Nano Projects of Soochow City
[ZXG201445]; Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University
[2015JC034, 2015YQ009, 2016JC036]; "Qi-Lu Young Scholar Fund" of
Shandong University; Material Measurement Laboratory of NIST,
Gaithersburg, MD (USA); [2015JMRH0103]
FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of the NSFC of China
(Project Grant No. 91122024 and No. 50902087), the NSFC of Shandong
Province of China (Project Grant No. ZR2012EMQ005 and ZR2014EMM012) and
Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (State Education
Ministry), Nano Projects of Soochow City (Grant No. ZXG201445), the
Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University (Grant Nos. 2015JC034,
2015YQ009 and 2016JC036), and a foundation under the Grant
no.2015JMRH0103. J.O. would also like to thank the "Qi-Lu Young Scholar
Fund" of Shandong University and the support from the Material
Measurement Laboratory of NIST, Gaithersburg, MD (USA).
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 18
U2 25
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD JUL 6
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 26
BP 16744
EP 16751
DI 10.1021/acsami.6b00298
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DQ8JD
UT WOS:000379456000026
PM 27294811
ER
PT J
AU Safronova, MS
Safronova, UI
Clark, CW
AF Safronova, M. S.
Safronova, U. I.
Clark, Charles W.
TI Magic wavelengths, matrix elements, polarizabilities, and lifetimes of
Cs
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ALKALI-METAL ATOMS; LASER EXCITATION; STATIC POLARIZABILITIES; RADIATIVE
LIFETIME; ELECTRIC-DIPOLE; EXCITED S; CESIUM; TRANSITION; CONSTANTS;
IONS
AB Motivated by recent interest in their applications, we report a systematic study of Cs atomic properties calculated by a high-precision relativistic all-order method. Excitation energies, reduced matrix elements, transition rates, and lifetimes are determined for levels with principal quantum numbers n <= 12 and orbital angular momentum quantum numbers l <= 3. Recommended values and estimates of uncertainties are provided for a number of electric-dipole transitions and the electric dipole polarizabilities of the ns, np, and nd states. We also report a calculation of the electric quadrupole polarizability of the ground state. We display the dynamic polarizabilities of the 6s and 7p states for optical wavelengths between 1160 and 1800 nm and identify corresponding magic wavelengths for the 6s - 7p(1/2) and 6s - 7p(3/2) transitions. The values of relevant matrix elements needed for polarizability calculations at other wavelengths are provided.
C1 [Safronova, M. S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Sharp Lab 217, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.; Clark, Charles W.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.; Clark, Charles W.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
RP Safronova, MS (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Sharp Lab 217, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and
Technology; National Science Foundation via the Physics Frontiers Center
at the Joint Quantum Institute
FX This research was performed under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department
of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and was
supported by the National Science Foundation via the Physics Frontiers
Center at the Joint Quantum Institute.
NR 82
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 12
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 6
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 1
AR 012505
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.94.012505
PG 9
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DR1XJ
UT WOS:000379697900007
ER
PT J
AU Yang, J
Duan, C
Huang, Q
Brown, C
Neuefeind, J
Louca, D
AF Yang, J.
Duan, C.
Huang, Q.
Brown, C.
Neuefeind, J.
Louca, Despina
TI Strong correlations between vacancy and magnetic ordering in
superconducting K0.8Fe2-ySe2
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-SEPARATION; KXFE2-YSE2
AB The coexistence of magnetic and nonmagnetic phases in the superconducting potassium iron selenide, KxFe2-ySe2, has been intensely debated. With superconductivity proposed to appear in a stoichiometric, nonmagnetic phase with I4/mmm crystal symmetry, the proposed nonsuperconducting phase is magnetic and has a lower symmetry, I4/m. The latter consists of Fe vacancies that go through a disordered-to-ordered transition in which the partially filled Fe sites create a supercell upon ordering. We show, using neutron scattering on the optimally doped composition, K0.8Fe2-ySe2, that the absence of magnetism does not signal the presence of superconductivity. Moreover, the degree of vacancy order is coupled to the strength of the magnetic order. Superconductivity coincides with the presence of the magnetic order parameter, albeit the latter is significantly weaker than previously reported, contradicting the current understanding of this similar to 30K superconductor.
C1 [Yang, J.; Duan, C.; Louca, Despina] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Huang, Q.; Brown, C.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Neuefeind, J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Louca, D (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM louca@virginia.edu
RI Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-FG02-01ER45927]; Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Scientific User Facilities; US Department of Commerce
FX The authors would like to acknowledge valuable discussions with W. Bao,
T. Egami, A. Bianconi, and W. Ku. The work at the University of Virginia
was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences under Contract No. DE-FG02-01ER45927, and that at Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Scientific User Facilities. The work at NIST was supported by the US
Department of Commerce.
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 5
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 2
AR 024503
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.024503
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DR1YV
UT WOS:000379701700013
ER
PT J
AU Dahal, A
Gunasekera, J
Harringer, L
Singh, DK
Singh, DJ
AF Dahal, Ashutosh
Gunasekera, Jagath
Harringer, Leland
Singh, Deepak K.
Singh, David J.
TI Metallic nickel silicides: Experiments and theory for NiSi and first
principles calculations for other phases
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Silicide; Transport properties; Magnetism; First Principles
Calculations; Neutron Scattering; NiSi
ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURES; BAND-STRUCTURE; AT.PERCENT NI; CONTACTS;
SUPERCONDUCTORS; RESISTIVITY; ELEMENTS; DIAGRAM; SILICON; SYSTEMS
AB We report detailed experimental investigation of the transport and magnetic properties of orthorhombic NiSi along with first principles studies of this phase and related nickel silicides. Neutron scattering shows no evidence for magnetism, in agreement with first principles calculations. Comparison of first principles results and experimental results from our measurements and literature show a weak electron phonon coupling. We discuss transport and other properties of NiSi and find behavior characteristic of a weak correlated metal far from magnetism. Trends among the nickel silicides as a function of nickel content are discussed. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dahal, Ashutosh; Gunasekera, Jagath; Singh, Deepak K.; Singh, David J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Harringer, Leland] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Singh, DJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM singhdj@missouri.edu
FU Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, through
the Computational Synthesis of Materials Software Project
FX Theoretical work was supported by the Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Basic Energy Sciences, through the Computational Synthesis of
Materials Software Project.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 13
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD JUL 5
PY 2016
VL 672
BP 110
EP 116
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.02.133
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA DI4IQ
UT WOS:000373464000017
ER
PT J
AU Bouwes, N
Weber, N
Jordan, CE
Saunders, WC
Tattam, IA
Volk, C
Wheaton, JM
Pollock, MM
AF Bouwes, Nicolaas
Weber, Nicholas
Jordan, Chris E.
Saunders, W. Carl
Tattam, Ian A.
Volk, Carol
Wheaton, Joseph M.
Pollock, Michael M.
TI Ecosystem experiment reveals benefits of natural and simulated beaver
dams to a threatened population of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT ASSESSMENT; COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; CHINOOK SALMON;
STREAM; HABITAT; OREGON; RECOVERY; SURVIVAL; RESTORATION; EVOLUTION
AB Beaver have been referred to as ecosystem engineers because of the large impacts their dam building activities have on the landscape; however, the benefits they may provide to fluvial fish species has been debated. We conducted a watershed-scale experiment to test how increasing beaver dam and colony persistence in a highly degraded incised stream affects the freshwater production of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Following the installation of beaver dam analogs (BDAs), we observed significant increases in the density, survival, and production of juvenile steelhead without impacting upstream and downstream migrations. The steelhead response occurred as the quantity and complexity of their habitat increased. This study is the first large-scale experiment to quantify the benefits of beavers and BDAs to a fish population and its habitat. Beaver mediated restoration may be a viable and efficient strategy to recover ecosystem function of previously incised streams and to increase the production of imperiled fish populations.
C1 [Bouwes, Nicolaas; Weber, Nicholas; Saunders, W. Carl] Eco Log Res Inc, POB 706, Providence, UT 84332 USA.
[Bouwes, Nicolaas; Saunders, W. Carl; Wheaton, Joseph M.] Utah State Univ, Watershed Sci Dept, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Jordan, Chris E.; Pollock, Michael M.] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Washington, DC 98112 USA.
[Tattam, Ian A.] Eastern Oregon Univ, Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, 203 Badgley Hall,One Univ Blvd, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
[Volk, Carol] South Fork Res Inc, 44842 SE 145th St, Washington, DC USA.
RP Bouwes, N (reprint author), Eco Log Res Inc, POB 706, Providence, UT 84332 USA.; Bouwes, N (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Watershed Sci Dept, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM nbouwes@ecologicalresearch.net
OI Bouwes, Nicolaas/0000-0003-0249-3593
FU Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) [2003-017]; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration as part of the Integrated Status and
Effectiveness Monitoring Program; NOAA Western Regional Office
FX We thank U.S. Bureau of Land Management for allowing this work to be
undertaken on the Prineville District. We also thank Gus Wathen, Jake
Wirtz, Brynn Flemming, Florence Consolati, Kenny DeMeurichy, and several
others for their work in the field. Mary Conner provided input on
estimating survival, and Andrew Hill assisted in summarizing habitat
information. We thank Peter McHugh and Stephen Bennett for their
reviews. We also would like to thank four anonymous reviewers for their
constructive criticisms. This research was supported by the Bonneville
Power Administration (BPA Project Number: 2003-017) and the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as part of the Integrated Status
and Effectiveness Monitoring Program, and by the NOAA Western Regional
Office.
NR 52
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U1 15
U2 30
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUL 4
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 28581
DI 10.1038/srep28581
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DQ2AV
UT WOS:000379003800001
PM 27373190
ER
PT J
AU Quine, RW
Rinard, GA
Shi, YL
Buchanan, L
Biller, JR
Eaton, SS
Eaton, GR
AF Quine, Richard W.
Rinard, George A.
Shi, Yilin
Buchanan, Laura
Biller, Joshua R.
Eaton, Sandra S.
Eaton, Gareth R.
TI UHF EPR spectrometer operating at frequencies between 400MHz and 1GHz
SO CONCEPTS IN MAGNETIC RESONANCE PART B-MAGNETIC RESONANCE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE adjustable frequency; cross-loop resonator; frequency mixing
ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; 250 MHZ; SPIN-ECHO; GHZ; DEPENDENCE
AB A spectrometer was designed and constructed to facilitate measurements of T-1, T-2, spin echo signal-to-noise, and resonator quality factor, Q, between about 400 and 1000MHz. Pulse patterns are generated at 250MHz and mixed with the output from a second source to perform excitation and detection. A cross-loop resonator was constructed in which the same sample could be measured in the same resonator over the full range of frequencies. An air-core, four-coil, water-cooled electromagnet with a large experimental volume was built.
C1 [Quine, Richard W.; Rinard, George A.] Univ Denver, Ritchie Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Denver, CO USA.
[Shi, Yilin; Buchanan, Laura; Biller, Joshua R.; Eaton, Sandra S.; Eaton, Gareth R.] Univ Denver, Dept Chem & Biochem, Denver, CO USA.
[Biller, Joshua R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Appl Phys, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Eaton, GR (reprint author), Univ Denver, Dept Chem & Biochem, Denver, CO USA.
EM geaton@du.edu
OI Eaton, Gareth R/0000-0001-7429-8469; Eaton, Sandra S/0000-0002-2731-7986
FU NIH [P41EB002034, CA177744]
FX This research is supported in part by NIH P41EB002034, Howard J.
Halpern, PI, and NIH CA177744 (GRE and SSE).
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1552-5031
EI 1552-504X
J9 CONCEPT MAGN RESON B
JI Concepts Magn. Reson. Part B
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 46
IS 3
BP 123
EP 133
DI 10.1002/cmr.b.21328
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Atomic,
Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics; Spectroscopy
GA EC0GP
UT WOS:000387777500003
PM 28190987
ER
PT J
AU Choi, J
Park, BC
Ahn, SJ
Kim, DH
Lyou, J
Dixson, RG
Orji, NG
Fu, J
Vorburger, TV
AF Choi, Jinho
Park, Byong Chon
Ahn, Sang Jung
Kim, Dal-Hyun
Lyou, Joon
Dixson, Ronald G.
Orji, Ndubuisi G.
Fu, Joseph
Vorburger, Theodore V.
TI Evaluation of carbon nanotube probes in critical dimension atomic force
microscopes
SO JOURNAL OF MICRO-NANOLITHOGRAPHY MEMS AND MOEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE critical dimension atomic force microscope; atomic force microscope;
carbon nanotube tip; nanomanipulation; ion beam bending; ion beam
induced deposition; critical dimension metrology
ID SCANNING PROBE; CD-SEM; ION-BEAM; TIP
AB The decreasing size of semiconductor features and the increasing structural complexity of advanced devices have placed continuously greater demands on manufacturing metrology, arising both from the measurement challenges of smaller feature sizes and the growing requirement to characterize structures in more than just a single critical dimension. For scanning electron microscopy, this has resulted in increasing sophistication of imaging models. For critical dimension atomic force microscopes (CD-AFMs), this has resulted in the need for smaller and more complex tips. Carbon nanotube (CNT) tips have thus been the focus of much interest and effort by a number of researchers. However, there have been significant issues surrounding both the manufacture and use of CNT tips. Specifically, the growth or attachment of CNTs to AFM cantilevers has been a challenge to the fabrication of CNT tips, and the flexibility and resultant bending artifacts have presented challenges to using CNT tips. The Korea Research Institute for Standards and Science (KRISS) has invested considerable effort in the controlled fabrication of CNT tips and is collaborating with the National Institute of Standards and Technology on the application of CNT tips for CD-AFM. Progress by KRISS on the precise control of CNT orientation, length, and end modification, using manipulation and focused ion beam processes, has allowed us to implement ball-capped CNT tips and bent CNT tips for CD-AFM. Using two different generations of CD-AFM instruments, we have evaluated these tip types by imaging a line/space grating and a programmed line edge roughness specimen. We concluded that these CNTs are capable of scanning the profiles of these structures, including re-entrant sidewalls, but there remain important challenges to address. These challenges include tighter control of tip geometry and careful optimization of scan parameters and algorithms for using CNT tips. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
C1 [Choi, Jinho; Park, Byong Chon; Ahn, Sang Jung; Kim, Dal-Hyun] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, 267 Gajeong Ro, Daejeon 305345, South Korea.
[Choi, Jinho; Lyou, Joon] Chungnam Natl Univ, 99 Daehak Ro, Daejeon 34134, South Korea.
[Dixson, Ronald G.; Orji, Ndubuisi G.; Fu, Joseph; Vorburger, Theodore V.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Park, BC (reprint author), Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, 267 Gajeong Ro, Daejeon 305345, South Korea.; Dixson, RG (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM bcpark@kriss.re.kr; ronald.dixson@nist.gov
FU KRISS programs [16011049, 16102005]; Engineering Physics Division of the
NIST Physical Measurement Laboratory (PML)
FX This work was supported by the KRISS programs (Grant Nos. 16011049 and
16102005). The NIST contribution to this work was supported by the
Engineering Physics Division of the NIST Physical Measurement Laboratory
(PML). Certain commercial equipment is identified in this paper to
adequately describe the experimental procedure. Such identification does
not imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology or the Korea Research Institute for Standards
and Science nor does it imply that the equipment identified is
necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 39
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U1 6
U2 6
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1932-5150
EI 1932-5134
J9 J MICRO-NANOLITH MEM
JI J. Micro-Nanolithogr. MEMS MOEMS
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 15
IS 3
AR 034005
DI 10.1117/1.JMM.15.3.034005
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Optics
GA EC6AX
UT WOS:000388219500023
PM 27840664
ER
PT J
AU Hannon, AF
Sunday, DF
Windover, D
Kline, RJ
AF Hannon, Adam F.
Sunday, Daniel F.
Windover, Donald
Kline, R. Joseph
TI Advancing x-ray scattering metrology using inverse genetic algorithms
SO JOURNAL OF MICRO-NANOLITHOGRAPHY MEMS AND MOEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE x-ray scattering; nanostructure metrology; genetic algorithm; covariance
matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy; differential evolution; Markov
chain Monte Carlo
ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET LITHOGRAPHY; BLOCK-COPOLYMER LITHOGRAPHY;
SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY; TOPOGRAPHICAL TEMPLATES; DENSITY
MULTIPLICATION; TRIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; THIN-FILMS; NANOSTRUCTURES;
FABRICATION; ADAPTATION
AB We compare the speed and effectiveness of two genetic optimization algorithms to the results of statistical sampling via a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to find which is the most robust method for determining real-space structure in periodic gratings measured using critical dimension small-angle x-ray scattering. Both a covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy and differential evolution algorithm are implemented and compared using various objective functions. The algorithms and objective functions are used to minimize differences between diffraction simulations and measured diffraction data. These simulations are parameterized with an electron density model known to roughly correspond to the real-space structure of our nanogratings. The study shows that for x-ray scattering data, the covariance matrix adaptation coupled with a mean-absolute error log objective function is the most efficient combination of algorithm and goodness of fit criterion for finding structures with little foreknowledge about the underlying fine scale structure features of the nanograting. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
C1 [Hannon, Adam F.; Sunday, Daniel F.; Windover, Donald; Kline, R. Joseph] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hannon, AF; Kline, RJ (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joe.kline@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology; DND-CAT; DOE Office of
Science at Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This research was performed while the author held a National Research
Council Research Associateship Program award at the National Institute
of Standards and Technology. The experimental data used in this work
were collected at the DuPont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team
(DND-CAT) beamline, which is located at the Advanced Photon Source (APS)
Sector 5. E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Northwestern University, and the
Dow Chemical Company all supported DND-CAT. The Department of Energy
(DOE) Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 supported the use of the APS, which
is an Office of Science User Facility for the DOE Office of Science at
Argonne National Laboratory. Steven Weigand and Denis Keane assisted
with the data collection at sector 5-ID-D and their aid is greatly
appreciated.
NR 55
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U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1932-5150
EI 1932-5134
J9 J MICRO-NANOLITH MEM
JI J. Micro-Nanolithogr. MEMS MOEMS
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 15
IS 3
AR 034001
DI 10.1117/1.JMM.15.3.034001
PG 20
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Optics
GA EC6AX
UT WOS:000388219500019
ER
PT J
AU Kyser, DF
Eib, NK
Ritchie, NWM
AF Kyser, David F.
Eib, Nicholas K.
Ritchie, Nicholas W. M.
TI Energy deposition in ultrathin extreme ultraviolet resist films: extreme
ultraviolet photons and keV electrons
SO JOURNAL OF MICRO-NANOLITHOGRAPHY MEMS AND MOEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE organic chemically amplified resists; inorganic metal-oxide resists;
extreme ultraviolet lithography; electron beam lithography; energy
deposition in thin films; Monte Carlo calculations; resist sensitivity
ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; HIGH-RESOLUTION
AB The absorbed energy density (eV/cm(3)) deposited by extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photons and electron beam (EB) high-keV electrons is proposed as a metric for characterizing the sensitivity of EUV resist films. Simulations of energy deposition are used to calculate the energy density as a function of the incident aerial flux (EUV: mJ/cm(2), EB: mu C/cm(2)). Monte Carlo calculations for electron exposure are utilized, and a Lambert-Beer model for EUV absorption. The ratio of electron flux to photon flux which results in equivalent energy density is calculated for a typical organic chemically amplified resist film and a typical inorganic metal-oxide film. This ratio can be used to screen EUV resist materials with EB measurements and accelerate advances in EUV resist systems. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
C1 [Kyser, David F.; Eib, Nicholas K.] Consultant, San Jose, CA 95120 USA.
[Ritchie, Nicholas W. M.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kyser, DF (reprint author), Consultant, San Jose, CA 95120 USA.
EM dfkyser@aol.com
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1932-5150
EI 1932-5134
J9 J MICRO-NANOLITH MEM
JI J. Micro-Nanolithogr. MEMS MOEMS
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 15
IS 3
AR 033507
DI 10.1117/1.JMM.15.3.033507
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Optics
GA EC6AX
UT WOS:000388219500018
ER
PT J
AU Bright, AJ
Miller, MW
Bourque, AS
AF Bright, Allan J.
Miller, Margaret W.
Bourque, Amanda S.
TI Tracking growth and survival of rescued boulder corals
SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE coral rehabilitation; disease; reattachment; restoration; vessel
grounding
ID COLONY SURFACE-AREA; CARIBBEAN CORAL; REEF; TRANSPLANTATION; MORTALITY;
CONSERVATION; RECRUITMENT; FRAGMENTS
AB Patterns of survivorship and growth of rescued boulder corals from two vessel groundings in Biscayne National Park, Homestead, Florida, U.S.A., were evaluated over 5 years and compared to nearby undamaged reference corals. The rescued colonies had been dislodged but reattached in situ 10-12 years later (hereafter termed "restored" corals). Change in live coral tissue area was assessed using novel contoured tissue measurements which proved useful in detecting small changes in tissue area for slow-growing coral species. At the initial survey, restored boulder corals had a higher level of partial mortality (33.8 +/- 3.1%, mean +/- SE) relative to reference corals (19.9 +/- 2.5%), likely a result of prolonged detachment. During the course of the 5-year monitoring period, whole-colony mortality was greater for restored corals (13.1%) compared to reference corals (3.3%). For surviving corals, restored coral growth and recent mortality rates were similar to reference corals even though restored corals, especially those of Dichocoenia stokesii, had greater disease prevalence (19.7%) than reference corals (6.6%). These results suggest that dislodged boulder coral rescue following an acute disturbance can be an effective tool in stemming tissue loss. If dislodged corals were reattached in a more timely manner, we predict that the survival and tissue growth would be greater.
C1 [Bright, Allan J.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Bright, Allan J.; Miller, Margaret W.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Bourque, Amanda S.] Natl Pk Serv, Biscayne Natl Pk, Homestead, FL 33033 USA.
RP Bright, AJ (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.; Bright, AJ (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM allan.bright@noaa.gov
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1061-2971
EI 1526-100X
J9 RESTOR ECOL
JI Restor. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 4
BP 456
EP 462
DI 10.1111/rec.12348
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DW5WZ
UT WOS:000383719700004
ER
PT J
AU Dias, PJ
Rocha, R
Godwin, S
Tovar-Hernandez, MA
Delahoz, MV
McKirdy, S
de Lestang, P
McDonald, JI
Snow, M
AF Dias, P. Joana
Rocha, Rosana
Godwin, Scott
Ana Tovar-Hernandez, Maria
Delahoz, Maria V.
McKirdy, Simon
de Lestang, Paul
McDonald, Justin I.
Snow, Michael
TI Investigating the cryptogenic status of the sea squirt Didemnum
perlucidum (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) in Australia based on a molecular
study of its global distribution
SO AQUATIC INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Didemnidae; cytochrome c oxidase I; colonial sea squirt; introduced
ID BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; GENETIC DATA; DIVERSITY;
INVENTORY
AB Didemnid species are assessed as species with a high invasive potential for Australia and as such are listed as target species for both state and national monitoring programs. The presence of the sea squirt Didemnum perlucidum (Monniot, 1983) was first documented in Australia in 2010 and has since then been detected extensively throughout the state of Western Australia and in the Northern Territory. These detections have raised important questions as to the origin and potential impact of this species in Australia. The current study was initiated to review the current known global geographic range of D. perlucidum and to obtain specimens that could support molecular studies aimed at evaluating the potential origin of this species in Australia. Characterization of 5' COI mitochondrial sequences from 286 specimens revealed a remarkably low level of genetic diversity across the current known range of D. perlucidum and the existence of one main widespread genetic haplotype. Such findings suggest that all locations sampled in this study may in fact represent introductions of D. perlucidum and that the natural native range of the species remains unknown. Our demonstration that specimens (n=187) originating from across a broad expanse of the Australian West Coast were comprised of a single haplotype also lends support to the hypothesis that D. perlucidum is a species that has been introduced recently into Australia. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that D. perlucium distribution in Australia is mostly confined to artificial structures, it has displayed invasive characteristics, and its presence is now being detected across an increasingly wide geographical area. Given the demonstrated low level of genetic COI variation across its known global distribution, lack of clarity around its native range, and limited availability of data on this species globally, we recognize the requirement for further work to more fully elucidate the exact origins and patterns of distribution of D. perlucidum in Australia. This study represents the most comprehensive mapping of the current global distribution of D. perlucidum conducted to date and will hopefully motivate further studies aimed at elucidating this species biology, origin, high-risk routes and impacts.
C1 [Dias, P. Joana; McDonald, Justin I.; Snow, Michael] Govt Western Australia, Dept Fisheries, POB 20, North Beach, WA 6920, Australia.
[Dias, P. Joana] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Rocha, Rosana] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, CP 19020, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
[Godwin, Scott] NOAA, Natl Marine Sanctuaries, 1845 Wasp Blvd,Bldg 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Ana Tovar-Hernandez, Maria] Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Fac Ciencias Biol, Lab Biosistemat, San Nicolas De Los Garza, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
[Delahoz, Maria V.] Inst Latinoamer Ciencias Marinas & Ambiente, Miami, FL USA.
[McKirdy, Simon; de Lestang, Paul] Chevron Australia Pty Ltd, Dynons Plaza 905 Hay St, Perth, WA 6000, Australia.
[McKirdy, Simon] Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Life Sci, South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
RP Dias, PJ (reprint author), Govt Western Australia, Dept Fisheries, POB 20, North Beach, WA 6920, Australia.; Dias, PJ (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
EM joana.dias@fish.wa.gov.au
FU National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development - CNPq
[305201/2014-0]; Chevron Australia
FX We acknowledge field sample collection assistance of the WA Government
Department of Fisheries (DoF) Biosecurity and Compliance teams and Gove
Pearl farm in the NT, and general technical laboratory assistance of
Seema Fotedar (DoF). Thank you to Serena Teo and Serina Lee Siew Chen at
the National University of Singapore, Mareike Huhn at Bogor Agricultural
University, Martin Cheng at the University of Hong-Kong and Tiffany
Simpson at DoF for the help in opportunistically inspecting sites during
their work at Singapore, Indonesia, Hong-Kong and Thailand,
respectively. Thank you also to Brian Neilson, at the State of Hawaii,
Department of Land and Natural Resources - Division of Aquatic
Resources, for facilitating the collection of samples from Hawaii, US,
and to Kirsty Smith at Cawthron Institute in New Zealand for making
available the sample collected in Japan. We are also most grateful for
the kind help provided by Gustavo Muniz Dias at the Universidade Federal
do ABC, SP, Brazil, Lori Colin at the Palau Coral Reef Research
Foundation and Matthew Richmond at COWI Tanzania Ltd for revisiting
sites and collecting samples when possible. RMR received a research
grant from the National Counsel of Technological and Scientific
Development - CNPq (305201/2014-0). This project was financially
supported by Chevron Australia.
NR 51
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 2
PU REGIONAL EURO-ASIAN BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS CENTRE-REABIC
PI HELSINKI
PA PL 3, HELSINKI, 00981, FINLAND
SN 1798-6540
EI 1818-5487
J9 AQUAT INVASIONS
JI Aquat. Invasions
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 3
BP 239
EP 245
DI 10.3391/ai.2016.11.3.02
PG 7
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DZ5TP
UT WOS:000385924700002
ER
PT J
AU Rademacher, KR
Campbell, MD
Gledhill, CT
Fitzhugh, G
Driggers, WB
Caillouet, R
Switzer, TS
AF Rademacher, Kevin R.
Campbell, Matthew D.
Gledhill, Christopher T.
Fitzhugh, Gary
Driggers, William B.
Caillouet, Ryan
Switzer, Theodore S.
TI Male color phase in gag: implications for monitoring sex ratio via
visual underwater surveys and port sample observations
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MYCTEROPERCA-MICROLEPIS SERRANIDAE; SOUTHEASTERN
UNITED-STATES; SOCIAL-CONTROL; REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; BLUEHEAD WRASSE;
GROUPER; PISCES; FISHES; REEF
AB Fishing of gag (Mycteroperca microlepis Goode and Bean, 1879) spawning aggregations in the northern Gulf of Mexico has reduced the percentage of males in the population from approximately 17% to 2% since the 1970s. This is critical as gag are monandric, protogynous hermaphrodites, and accurate estimation of size-attransition and sex ratio is necessary for proper management. Presence of darkened pigmentation on the abdomen was thought to indicate transition from female to male, and thus, video observations of gag with dark pigmentation were used to estimate sex ratios and indices of abundance. Recent video observations of gag demonstrate that they can change pigmentation patterns within seconds, which could be leading to misidentification of males in those surveys. Results of our investigation showed that males observed in the video survey, as determined by pigmentation only, are significantly shorter than males observed in the commercial fishery, which were determined using both pigmentation and histological examination. Significant differences were detected between pigmented and non-pigmented gag in the commercial data, but not in the video survey data. Additionally, size at which 50% of females had transitioned to male was significantly larger when estimated using commercial fishery data vs the video survey data. Due to significant differences in length distributions and estimates of size-at-transition, and evidence of rapid changes in pigmentation patterns, it is inadvisable to estimate sex ratios or relative indices of abundance by sex for gag from video observations. To address potential shifts in size- and age-at-transition, continued monitoring of sex ratios using histological techniques is recommended.
C1 [Rademacher, Kevin R.; Campbell, Matthew D.; Driggers, William B.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, 3209 Freder St, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
[Gledhill, Christopher T.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Stennis Branch, Mississippi Labs, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Fitzhugh, Gary] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City Lab, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
[Caillouet, Ryan; Switzer, Theodore S.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Campbell, MD (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, 3209 Freder St, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
EM matthew.d.campbell@noaa.gov
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
EI 1553-6955
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 92
IS 3
BP 305
EP 319
DI 10.5343/bms.2015.1060
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DZ4CB
UT WOS:000385804300002
ER
PT J
AU Tilley, JD
Butler, CM
Suarez-Morales, E
Franks, JS
Hoffmayer, ER
Gibson, DP
Comyns, BH
Ingram, GW
Blake, EM
AF Tilley, Jason D.
Butler, Christopher M.
Suarez-Morales, Eduardo
Franks, James S.
Hoffmayer, Eric R.
Gibson, Dyan P.
Comyns, Bruce H.
Ingram, G. Walter, Jr.
Blake, E. Mae
TI Feeding ecology of larval Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus, from
the central Gulf of Mexico
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID OIL-SPILL; COPEPOD ASSEMBLAGES; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SHELF; OCEAN; FISH;
SEA; SCOMBRIDAE; FISHERIES; PLANKTON
AB Inter-annual and ontogenetic differences in diet and feeding intensity were examined for larval Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus, 1758), collected from the central Gulf of Mexico (GOM) during May 2008, 2009, and 2010 [n = 100; 3.0-6.7 mm body length (BL)]. Predominant prey groups were copepods, cirripeds, and cladocerans. Inter-annual differences in diet resulted from changes in the consumption of copepods and unique prey groups (e.g., cladocerans). Body length had an effect on T. thynnus diet, and a relative increase in copepod consumption occurred beyond 5 mm. Feeding intensity (i.e., the number of prey per digestive tract) was higher during 2010 than 2008 and 2009 and positively correlated with increasing T. thynnus BL. No fish prey were observed, which suggests piscivory in GOM T. thynnus does not occur at sizes < 6 mm. Patterns in feeding incidence (i.e., total number of digestive tracts with prey divided by the total number of digestive tracts) contrasted with reports from the Mediterranean Sea, suggesting T. thynnus may have distinct early life history strategies between the two regions.
C1 [Tilley, Jason D.; Butler, Christopher M.; Franks, James S.; Gibson, Dyan P.; Comyns, Bruce H.; Blake, E. Mae] Univ Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Ctr Fisheries Res & Dev, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA.
[Suarez-Morales, Eduardo] El Colegio Frontera ECOSUR, Unidad Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77014, Mexico.
[Hoffmayer, Eric R.; Ingram, G. Walter, Jr.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
RP Tilley, JD (reprint author), Univ Southern Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Ctr Fisheries Res & Dev, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA.
EM Jason.Tilley@usm.edu
FU Guy Harvey Ocean Foundation (GHOF); NOAA Fisheries, Southeast Fisheries
Science Center (SEFSC)
FX This research was partially funded by a grant from the Guy Harvey Ocean
Foundation (GHOF) to J Franks. We acknowledge NOAA Fisheries, Southeast
Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC) for funding our larval bluefin tuna
research cruises through the Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment
Program (SEAMAP). We appreciate the field assistance provided by Gulf
Coast Research Laboratory colleagues R Waller, J Ballard, and P Grammer
and gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the captains and crew of
the R/V Tommy Munro. We also appreciate the statistical guidance of J
Osborne and W Wu and oceanographic advice from J Wiggert. This work is
dedicated to the memory of our colleague M Blake in recognition of her
contributions to ichthyoplankton research in the Gulf of Mexico.
NR 57
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
EI 1553-6955
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 92
IS 3
BP 321
EP 334
DI 10.5343/bms.2015.1067
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DZ4CB
UT WOS:000385804300003
ER
PT J
AU Bhadriraju, K
Halter, M
Amelot, J
Bajcsy, P
Chalfoun, J
Vandecreme, A
Mallon, BS
Park, KY
Sista, S
Elliott, JT
Plant, AL
AF Bhadriraju, Kiran
Halter, Michael
Amelot, Julien
Bajcsy, Peter
Chalfoun, Joe
Vandecreme, Antoine
Mallon, Barbara S.
Park, Kye-yoon
Sista, Subhash
Elliott, John T.
Plant, Anne L.
TI Large-scale time-lapse microscopy of Oct4 expression in human embryonic
stem cell colonies
SO STEM CELL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fluorescence microscopy; Stem cells; Live cell imaging; Cell therapy;
Pluripotency
ID SELF-RENEWAL; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPE; ES
CELLS; PLURIPOTENCY; NANOG; DIFFERENTIATION; SOX2; ENHANCER; NETWORK
AB Identification and quantification of the characteristics of stemcell preparations is critical for understanding stem cell biology and for the development and manufacturing of stem cell based therapies. We have developed image analysis and visualization software that allows effective use of time-lapse microscopy to provide spatial and dynamic information from large numbers of human embryonic stem cell colonies. To achieve statistically relevant sampling, we examined >680 colonies from 3 different preparations of cells over 5 days each, generating a total experimental dataset of 0.9 terabyte (TB). The 0.5 Giga-pixel images at each time point were represented by multi-resolution pyramids and visualized using the Deep Zoom Javascript library extended to support viewing Giga-pixel images over time and extracting data on individual colonies. We present a methodology that enables quantification of variations in nominally-identical preparations and between colonies, correlation of colony characteristics with Oct4 expression, and identification of rare events. (C) Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bhadriraju, Kiran] Univ Maryland, Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Halter, Michael; Sista, Subhash; Elliott, John T.; Plant, Anne L.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Amelot, Julien; Bajcsy, Peter; Chalfoun, Joe; Vandecreme, Antoine] NIST, Software Syst Div, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mallon, Barbara S.; Park, Kye-yoon] NINDS, NIH Stem Cell Unit, Div Intramural Res, NIH,US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Halter, M (reprint author), NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU ISAC Scholars Program
FX We would like to thank Michael Majurski, Jing Gao, and Mylene Simon for
data processing and web application development. We would also like to
thank Steven Lund and James Filliben for help with statistical analysis.
MH acknowledges support from the ISAC Scholars Program.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1873-5061
EI 1876-7753
J9 STEM CELL RES
JI Stem Cell Res.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 1
BP 122
EP 129
DI 10.1016/j.scr.2016.05.012
PG 8
WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell
Biology
SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA DY6ZF
UT WOS:000385278000024
PM 27286574
ER
PT J
AU Chen, S
Tian, YD
Behrangi, A
Hu, JJ
Hong, Y
Zhang, ZX
Stepanian, PM
Hu, BQ
Zhang, XH
AF Chen, Sheng
Tian, Yudong
Behrangi, Ali
Hu, Junjun
Hong, Yang
Zhang, Zengxin
Stepanian, Phillip M.
Hu, Baoqing
Zhang, Xinhua
TI Precipitation Spectra Analysis Over China With High-Resolution
Measurements From Optimally Merged Satellite/Gauge Observations-Part I:
Spatial and Seasonal Analysis
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE
SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmospheric measurements; rain; satellite applications; snow
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL PRECIPITATION; DIURNAL-VARIATIONS;
THUNDERSTORM FREQUENCIES; CLIMATE; INTENSITY; RAINFALL; EAST;
SIMULATIONS; MONSOON
AB Precipitation amount (PA), frequency (PF), and intensity (PI) over China are characterized and quantified using a high-resolution merged satellite-gauge precipitation product for 6 years (January 2008 through December 2013). The precipitation product synthesizes both state-of-the-art multisatellite precipitation algorithms and the latest, densest gauge observations to provide high-quality precipitation information at a very fine temporal and spatial resolution (0.1 degrees/hourly) that encompasses all of China. The geographical and seasonal variations in precipitation are systematically documented over seven subregions, each corresponding to a unique climate regime. PA, PF, and PI have large seasonal and geographical variations across China. It is found that 1) although heavy precipitation events (>10 mm/h) represent only 0.8% of total precipitation occurrence over China, they contribute 12.1% of the total precipitation volume. Light precipitation events (<1 mm/h) dominate the precipitation occurrence (74.3%) and contribute 23.1% of the total precipitation volume; 2) over the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau (TP), the landlocked Xinjiang (XJ) province, and northwestern China (NW), light precipitation events (<1 mm/h) occur very frequently (74.7%, 82.1%, and 64.1% of all precipitation events) and contribute 29.8%, 35.5%, and 27.4% of the total precipitation volume. This initial continental-scale study provides new insights on precipitation characteristics that can benefit meteorological and hydrological modeling and applications, especially in areas with sparse rain-gauge coverage.
C1 [Chen, Sheng] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Sheng; Hu, Baoqing] Guangxi Teachers Educ Univ, Key Lab Beibu Gulf Environm Evolut & Resources Ut, Minist Educ, Nanning 530001, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Sheng; Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Chen, Sheng; Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Tian, Yudong] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Tian, Yudong] NASA, Hydrol Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Behrangi, Ali] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Hu, Junjun] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Comp Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Zhang, Zengxin] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Biol & Environm, Joint Innovat Ctr Modern Forestry Studies, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Stepanian, Phillip M.] Natl Weather Ctr, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Stepanian, Phillip M.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Zhang, Xinhua] Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China.
RP Hong, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; Hong, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; Zhang, XH (reprint author), Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China.
EM chenshengbj@gmail.com; yanghong@ou.edu; xhzhang@scu.edu.cn
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X
FU Hydrometeorology and Remote Sensing (HyDROS) Laboratory at The
University of Oklahoma; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[41361022, 41171020]; Guangxi Science and Technology Development Project
[2014DD29090]; State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River
Engineering, Sichuan University [SKHL1310, SKHL1501]; State Key
Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science
[2011B079]; Key laboratory of watershed Geographic Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences [WSGS2015005]
FX This work was supported in part by the Hydrometeorology and Remote
Sensing (HyDROS) Laboratory at The University of Oklahoma, in part by
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41361022 and No.
41171020), Guangxi Science and Technology Development Project (No.
2014DD29090), the Open Fund from State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and
Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University (No. SKHL1310 and No.
SKHL1501), the Open Research Fund Program of State Key Laboratory of
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science (No. 2011B079), Key
laboratory of watershed Geographic Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
(No. WSGS2015005). (Corresponding authors: Yang Hong and Xinhua Zhang.)
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1939-1404
EI 2151-1535
J9 IEEE J-STARS
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 7
SI SI
BP 2966
EP 2978
DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2529003
PG 13
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DY2EI
UT WOS:000384905500012
ER
PT J
AU Chen, S
Behrangi, A
Tian, YD
Hu, JJ
Hong, Y
Tang, QH
Hu, XM
Stepanian, PM
Hu, BQ
Zhang, XH
AF Chen, Sheng
Behrangi, Ali
Tian, Yudong
Hu, Junjun
Hong, Yang
Tang, Qiuhong
Hu, Xiao-Ming
Stepanian, Phillip M.
Hu, Baoqing
Zhang, Xinhua
TI Precipitation Spectra Analysis Over China With High-Resolution
Measurements From Optimally-Merged Satellite/Gauge Observations-Part II:
Diurnal Variability Analysis
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE
SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmospheric measurement; rain; satellite
ID WARM-SEASON PRECIPITATION; BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE OBSERVATIONS; GLOBAL
PRECIPITATION; TIBETAN PLATEAU; NORTHERN CHINA; UNITED-STATES; RAINFALL;
CYCLE; EAST; INTENSITY
AB Timing and diurnal variation of summer precipitation is analyzed over China using a new high-resolution (0.1 degrees, hourly) satellite-gauge merged surface rainfall dataset that spans from 2008 through 2013. The results show that: 1) both precipitation amount (PA) and frequency (PF) show strong diurnal cycles with local solar time (LST); 2) peak times of PA (PAPT) primarily occur from 15 LST to 00 LST in most parts of the Tibet Plateau (TP), Xinjiang (XJ), Northwestern China (NW), Northeastern China (NE), and Southern China (SC), and the PAPT occurs from 00 LST to 09 LST in southern TP, Eastern XJ, western NW, southern NE, eastern Northern China (NC), and most parts of Southwestern China (SW); 3) the PAPT transitions eastward with time, occurring at similar to 15 LST in central TP, at midnight in SW, and at 15-18 LST in the eastern coastal regions that are in the lower reach of Yangtze River and in the north side of Wuyi Mountains; 4) peak times of PF (PFPT) show a similar spatial pattern with PAPT, but with a small temporal (1-2 h) lead; 5) peak times of precipitation intensity (PIPT) occur during the 18-00 LST time frame in the southeastern TP and central SW regions. The PIPT along the upper Yangtze River valley occurs around 00-06 LST. The PIPT occurs in the morning at around 06-09 LST in the mid-lower Yangtze River valley and most parts of SC. This study on the diurnal cycle of precipitation over China can be used as a reference to validate atmospheric and hydrologic models, and also to guide hydrometerological research and applications.
C1 [Chen, Sheng] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Sheng; Hu, Baoqing] Guangxi Teachers Educ Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Beibu Gulf Environm Evolut & Resources Ut, Nanning 530001, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Sheng; Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Chen, Sheng; Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Behrangi, Ali] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Tian, Yudong] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Tian, Yudong] NASA, Hydrol Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Hu, Junjun] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Comp Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Tang, Qiuhong] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Land Surface Pattern & Simulat, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Hu, Xiao-Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Stepanian, Phillip M.] Natl Weather Ctr, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Stepanian, Phillip M.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Zhang, Xinhua] Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
RP Hong, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; Hong, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; Zhang, XH (reprint author), Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
EM chenshengbj@gmail.com; Ali.Behrangi@jpl.nasa.gov;
yudong.tian-1@nasa.gov; Junjun.Hu-1@ou.edu; yanghong@ou.edu;
tangqh@igsnrr.ac.cn; xhu@ou.edu; step@ou.edu; hbq1230@sina.com;
xhzhang@scu.edu.cn
RI Hu, Xiao-Ming/D-8085-2011; Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009
OI Hu, Xiao-Ming/0000-0002-0769-5090; Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X
FU Hydrometeorology and Remote Sensing (HyDROS) Laboratory at The
University of Oklahoma; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[41361022, 41425002]; Guangxi Science and Technology Development Project
[2014DD29090]; State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River
Engineering, Sichuan University [SKHL1310, SKHL1501]
FX This work was supported in part by the Hydrometeorology and Remote
Sensing (HyDROS) Laboratory at The University of Oklahoma, in part by
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41361022 and No.
41425002), Guangxi Science and Technology Development Project (No.
2014DD29090), the Open Fund from State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and
Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University (No. SKHL1310 and No.
SKHL1501). (Corresponding authors: Yang Hong and Xinhua Zhang.)
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1939-1404
EI 2151-1535
J9 IEEE J-STARS
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 7
SI SI
BP 2979
EP 2988
DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2529001
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DY2EI
UT WOS:000384905500013
ER
PT J
AU Xiong, XZ
Han, Y
Liu, QH
Weng, FZ
AF Xiong, Xiaozhen
Han, Yong
Liu, Quanhua
Weng, Fuzhong
TI Comparison of Atmospheric Methane Retrievals From AIRS and IASI
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE
SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Gases; infrared sensors; remote sensing; satellites
ID VERTICAL RESOLUTION; CH4; VARIABILITY; VALIDATION; PROFILES; SPACE
AB Atmospheric methane (CH4) is a standard product of the atmospheric infrared sounder (AIRS) aboard NASA's Aqua satellite, generated at the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (NASA/GES/DISC), and a product of the infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer (IASI) aboard METOP-A,-B, generated at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Comprehensive Large Array-data Stewardship System. In order to understand the capability of these two sensors in observing the spatial and temporal distribution of CH4, this paper compares the CH4 products from AIRS and IASI with aircraft measurements, as well as the corresponding time series in tropics and high northern latitude regions. It is found that the mean degree of freedom from AIRS is smaller than IASI by -0.049 +/- 0.152, and in their peak sensitive altitude between 350 and 650 hPa their difference (AIRS - IASI) is about 2.8 +/- 17.2 ppb. Both AIRS and IASI can capture the latitudinal gradient, but there is a large scattering in the high northern latitude regions. They agree well in observing the summer enhancement of CH4 during the Monsoon season over South Asia, and the seasonal cycles over Siberia (except for a relatively larger difference in the cold season). These results highlight that AIRS and IASI can provide valuable information to capture the spatiotemporal variation of CH4 in the mid-upper troposphere in most periods and regions, but it is needed to further improve the data quality to make a consistent product using both sensors.
C1 [Xiong, Xiaozhen] Earth Resources Technol Inc, Laurel, MD 20707 USA.
[Xiong, Xiaozhen; Han, Yong; Liu, Quanhua; Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Xiong, XZ (reprint author), Earth Resources Technol Inc, Laurel, MD 20707 USA.; Xiong, XZ (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM xiaozhen.xiong@noaa.gov; yong.han@noaa.gov; quanhua.liu@noaa.gov;
fuzhong.weng@noaa.gov
RI Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010; Han, Yong/F-5590-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179; Han, Yong/0000-0002-0183-7270
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Application
Research
FX This work was supported by National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Office of Application & Research. (Corresponding author:
Xiaozhen Xiong.)
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1939-1404
EI 2151-1535
J9 IEEE J-STARS
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 7
SI SI
BP 3297
EP 3303
DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2588279
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DY2EI
UT WOS:000384905500040
ER
PT J
AU Duran-Herrera, A
Campos-Dimas, JK
Valdez-Tamez, PL
Bentz, DP
AF Duran-Herrera, A.
Campos-Dimas, J. K.
Valdez-Tamez, P. L.
Bentz, Dale P.
TI Effect of a micro-copolymer addition on the thermal conductivity of fly
ash mortars
SO JOURNAL OF BUILDING PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermal conductivity; fly ash; micro-copolymer; mortars
ID AGGREGATE; CONCRETE; CEMENT
AB In this study, a copolymer composed of hollow spherical particles with an average particle size of 90 mu m was evaluated as a lightweight aggregate in Portland cement-fly ash mortars to improve the thermal conductivity (k) of the composite. Mortars were produced for three different water/binder ratios by mass (w/b), 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6. Optimized proportions were obtained for a minimum target compressive strength of 35 kgf/cm(2) (3.4 MPa) according to the requirements of Mexican standards for nonstructural masonry units. Thermal conductivity was determined for dry and saturated samples through the transient plane technique with average results of 0.16 and 0.31 W/(m K), respectively. These values represent an increment of 23% and a reduction of 33% in comparison to an efficient Portland cement-based commercially available thermal insulator.
C1 [Duran-Herrera, A.; Campos-Dimas, J. K.; Valdez-Tamez, P. L.] Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico.
[Bentz, Dale P.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Duran-Herrera, A (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Ave Univ S-N,Ciudad Univ, San Nicolos De Los Garza 66455, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
EM alejandro.duranhr@gmail.com
RI UANL, FIC-UANL/O-5444-2015
FU Facultad de Ingenieria Civil of the Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon
FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for
the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The
financial support was provided by the Facultad de Ingenieria Civil of
the Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1744-2591
EI 1744-2583
J9 J BUILD PHYS
JI J. Build Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 40
IS 1
BP 3
EP 16
DI 10.1177/1744259115611650
PG 14
WC Construction & Building Technology
SC Construction & Building Technology
GA DY3RT
UT WOS:000385012400001
PM 27453717
ER
PT J
AU Oey, T
Kumar, A
Falzone, G
Huang, J
Kennison, S
Bauchy, M
Neithalath, N
Bullard, JW
Sant, G
AF Oey, Tandre
Kumar, Aditya
Falzone, Gabriel
Huang, Jian
Kennison, Sierra
Bauchy, Mathieu
Neithalath, Narayanan
Bullard, Jeffrey W.
Sant, Gaurav
TI The Influence of Water Activity on the Hydration Rate of Tricalcium
Silicate
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CEMENT PASTES; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; PART II;
SORPTION; VAPOR; HYDROXIDE; KINETICS; INSIGHTS; MODELS
AB Tricalcium silicate does not undergo hydration at relative humidities ( RH's) below 80%. But, the rate at which its hydration rate decreases as a function of the RH has not yet been elucidated. By invoking correspondence between RH and water activity ( a(H), unitless), both of which are related to the chemical potential of water, the reaction evolutions of triclinic tricalcium silicate ( i.e., T1-Ca3SiO5 or C3S) are tracked in water + isopropanol ( IPA) mixtures, prepared across a wide range of water activities. Emphasis is placed on quantifying the: ( a) rate of hydration as a function of aH, and ( b) the critical ( initial, a(H0c) or the achieved) water activity at which hydration effectively ceases, i.e., does not progress; here identified to be approximate to 0.70. The hydration of tricalcium silicate is arrested even when the system remains near saturated with a liquid phase, such that small, if any, capillary stresses develop. This suggests that changes in chemical potential induced via a vapor-phase or liquid-phase route both induce similar suppressions of C3S hydration. A phase boundary nucleation and growth ( pBNG) model is fit to measured hydration rates from the onset of the acceleration period until well beyond the rate maximum when the water activity is altered. The simulations suggest that for a fixed hydrate nucleation density, any water activity reductions consistently suppress the growth of hydration products. Thermodynamic considerations of how water activity changes may influence reactions/ hydrate evolutions are discussed. The outcomes improve our understanding of the chemical factors that influence the rate of Ca3SiO5 hydration.
C1 [Oey, Tandre; Kumar, Aditya; Falzone, Gabriel; Huang, Jian; Kennison, Sierra; Sant, Gaurav] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Lab Chem Construct Mat LC2, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Bauchy, Mathieu] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, PARISlab, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Neithalath, Narayanan] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ USA.
[Bullard, Jeffrey W.] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sant, Gaurav] Univ Calif Los Angeles, CNSI, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Sant, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Lab Chem Construct Mat LC2, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Sant, G (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, CNSI, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM gsant@ucla.edu
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 99
IS 7
BP 2481
EP 2492
DI 10.1111/jace.14181
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA DY3MB
UT WOS:000384995800038
ER
PT J
AU Baumann-Pickering, S
Trickey, JS
Wiggins, SM
Oleson, EM
AF Baumann-Pickering, Simone
Trickey, Jennifer S.
Wiggins, Sean M.
Oleson, Erin M.
TI Odontocete occurrence in relation to changes in oceanography at a remote
equatorial Pacific seamount
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE odontocetes; long-term monitoring; passive acoustics; seamount; hotspot;
ecology; oceanography; beaked whale; dolphin
ID WHALE ECHOLOCATION SIGNALS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT; HIGH-FREQUENCY
CLICKS; BAIRDS BEAKED-WHALE; PHYSETER-MACROCEPHALUS;
ZIPHIUS-CAVIROSTRIS; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; CROSS-SEAMOUNT; SPERM-WHALES;
BEAM PATTERN
AB Seamounts are considered hot spots of biodiversity and can aggregate pelagic predators and their prey. Passive acoustic monitoring was conducted over 3 mo in 2012 to document the occurrence of odontocetes near a seamount chain in the central equatorial Pacific in relation to oceanographic changes over time. Beaked whale echolocation signals were most frequently encountered. The main beaked whale signal was an unknown type, BW38, which resembled signals produced by Blainville's beaked whales. It had high occurrence during high sea surface temperature and low sea surface salinity. Cuvier's beaked whales were the second most detected. They had an opposite pattern and were encountered more often when sea surface temperature was low and net primary productivity was high. Risso's dolphins and short-finned pilot whales had high acoustic densities, and echolocated predominantly at night. Risso's dolphins occurred more often during low sea surface height deviation. False killer whales were less frequently detected and mostly occurred during the day. Sperm whale detections were fewer than expected and associated with high chlorophyll a. Short duration Kogiidae encounters occurred on average every third day. These types of long-term site studies are an informative tool to comparatively assess species composition, relative abundance, and relationship to oceanographic changes.
C1 [Baumann-Pickering, Simone; Trickey, Jennifer S.; Wiggins, Sean M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Oleson, Erin M.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, 1845 Wasp Blvd,Bldg 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
RP Baumann-Pickering, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM sbaumann@ucsd.edu
OI Trickey, Jennifer/0000-0002-6080-8744
FU NOAA, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center; National Geographic
Society
FX The authors wish to thank two anonymous reviewers and David Checkley for
valuable comments on the manuscript, the crews of the NOAA ship Oscar
Elton Sette and the U.S. Coast Guard cutter Walnut for deployment and
recovery of the HARP. We would like to thank Chris Garsha, John A.
Hildebrand, Brent Hurley, and Erin O'Neill for instrument preparation
and data analysis assistance. Funding for this project was provided by
NOAA, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, and the National
Geographic Society.
NR 68
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 3
BP 805
EP 825
DI 10.1111/mms.12299
PG 21
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA DY3PT
UT WOS:000385006800001
ER
PT J
AU Krause, DJ
Goebel, ME
Marshall, GJ
Abernathy, K
AF Krause, Douglas J.
Goebel, Michael E.
Marshall, Greg J.
Abernathy, Kyler
TI Summer diving and haul-out behavior of leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx)
near mesopredator breeding colonies at Livingston Island, Antarctic
Peninsula
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE leopard seal; apex predator; diving; TDR; animal-borne video; cluster
analysis; random forest; temporal niche partitioning; chemical
immobilization
ID SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS; CRAB-EATER SEALS; PACK-ICE SEALS; VIDEO-RECORDED
OBSERVATIONS; NORTHERN ELEPHANT SEALS; ANIMAL-BORNE VIDEO; FORAGING
BEHAVIOR; CHINSTRAP PENGUINS; PRYDZ BAY; HABITAT USE
AB Leopard seals are conspicuous apex predators in Antarctic coastal ecosystems, yet their foraging ecology is poorly understood. Historically, the ecology of diving vertebrates has been studied using high-resolution time-depth records; however, to date such data have not been available for leopard seals. Twenty-one time-depth recorders were deployed on seasonally resident adult females in January and February between 2008 and 2014. The average deployment length was 13.65 +/- 11.45 d and 40,308 postfilter dives were recorded on 229 foraging trips. Dive durations averaged 2.20 +/- 1.23 min. Dives were shallow with 90.1% measuring 30 m or less, and a mean maximum dive depth of 16.60 +/- 10.99 m. Four dive types were classified using a k-means cluster analysis and compared with corresponding animal-borne video data. Dive activity (number of dives/hour) was concentrated at night, including crepuscular periods. Haul-out probabilities were highest near midday and were positively correlated with available daylight. Visual observations and comparisons of diving activity between and within years suggest individual-based differences of foraging effort by time of day. Finally, dive and video data indicate that in addition to at-surface hunting, benthic searching and facultative scavenging are important foraging strategies for leopard seals near coastal mesopredator breeding colonies.
C1 [Krause, Douglas J.; Goebel, Michael E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Krause, Douglas J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Marshall, Greg J.; Abernathy, Kyler] Natl Geog Soc, Remote Imaging, 1145 17th St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
RP Krause, DJ (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.; Krause, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM douglas.krause@noaa.gov
OI Krause, Douglas/0000-0002-2517-3106
FU U.S. AMLR Program; National Geographic Society (NGS)/Waitt Grant
[W256-12]; Mary Maude and Vestal B. Hughes Pay-It-Forward Grant
FX This paper was greatly improved by suggestions and comments by T.
Eguchi, L. Ballance, P. Dayton, G. Watters, and three anonymous
reviewers. We are grateful to K. Pietrzak, M. Mudge, J. Wright, N. Cook,
M. Zimmerman, M. Goh, T. Joyce, R. Burner, B. McDonald, N. Pussini, R.
Buchheit, D. Vejar, and J. Hinke for their assistance in the field. We
thank N. Lyon, N. Miao, K. Searles, and L. Rodriguez for manually
classifying dive and video data. Crucial financial, infrastructure, and
logistical support was provided by the U.S. AMLR Program. Funding for
instruments and travel was provided by the National Geographic Society
(NGS)/Waitt Grant # W256-12 and the Mary Maude and Vestal B. Hughes
Pay-It-Forward Grant. Transportation to our study site was kindly
provided by Lindblad/NGS Expeditions, and logistical support by NGS
Remote Imaging. Leopard seal observations and captures were conducted in
accordance with Marine Mammal Protection Act Permit Nos. 16472-01 and
774-1847-04 granted by the Office of Protected Resources, National
Marine Fisheries Service, the Antarctic Conservation Act Permit Nos.
2012-005 and 2008-008, and the NMFS-SWFSC Institutional Animal Care and
Use Committee Permit No. SWPI2011-02.
NR 153
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 58
U2 58
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 3
BP 839
EP 867
DI 10.1111/mms.12309
PG 29
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA DY3PT
UT WOS:000385006800003
ER
PT J
AU Keenan-Bateman, TF
Mclellan, WA
Harms, CA
Piscitelli, MA
Barco, SG
Thayer, VG
Lovewell, GN
Clark, KL
Doshkov, PK
Rotstein, DS
Potter, CW
Pabst, DA
AF Keenan-Bateman, Tiffany F.
Mclellan, William A.
Harms, Craig A.
Piscitelli, Marina A.
Barco, Susan G.
Thayer, Victoria G.
Lovewell, Gretchen N.
Clark, Karen L.
Doshkov, Paul K.
Rotstein, David S.
Potter, Charles W.
Pabst, D. Ann
TI Prevalence and anatomic site of Crassicauda sp infection, and its use in
species identification, in kogiid whales from the mid-Atlantic United
States
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Kogia; Crassicauda; marine mammal; parasite; nematode; kogiid species
identification; infection; prevalence
ID BALAENOPTERA-PHYSALUS; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; MONODON-MONOCEROS; PARASITES;
CETACEANS; COAST; DOLPHIN; NEMATODE; ECOLOGY; TISSUES
AB The parasitic nematode Crassicauda sp. was initially described in kogiid whales from specimens collected within cervical tissues, uncommon sites of infection for this parasite. Crassicauda sp. has only been reported in Kogia breviceps to date, but no study has yet investigated a large sample of both kogiid species. A 15 yr record of 104 kogiid strandings (K. sima, n = 40; K. breviceps, n = 64) in North Carolina and Virginia, U.S.A. was used to determine the prevalence of Crassicauda sp. across species, within species across sex, and within sex across length and life history categories. Crassicauda sp. was confirmed to be a species-specific parasite among kogiids infecting only K. breviceps (prevalence = 45%). Within K. breviceps, prevalence was similar (45%) in both immature and mature males, but increased from 10% in immature to 76% in mature females. This study confirmed the cervico-thoracic distribution of the parasite, and identified a novel site of infection in a previously undescribed exocrine gland associated with the pigmented "false gill slit." The species-specific nature of Crassicauda sp. infection, the exocrine gland, and the distinct features of the false gill slit pigmentation associated with the gland, are all useful characters to identify kogiid species in the field.
C1 [Keenan-Bateman, Tiffany F.; Mclellan, William A.; Piscitelli, Marina A.; Pabst, D. Ann] Univ North Carolina Wilmington, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, 601 South Coll Rd, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
[Harms, Craig A.] North Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, 303 Coll Circle, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
[Harms, Craig A.] North Carolina State Univ, Ctr Marine Sci & Technol, 303 Coll Circle, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
[Piscitelli, Marina A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, 2329 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Barco, Susan G.] Virginia Aquarium & Marine Sci Ctr, 717 Gen Booth Blvd, Virginia Beach, VA 23451 USA.
[Thayer, Victoria G.] North Carolina Div Marine Fisheries, 3441 Arendell St, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
[Lovewell, Gretchen N.] Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Clark, Karen L.] North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Outer Banks Educ Ctr, 1160 Village Lane,Heritage Pk, Corolla, NC 27927 USA.
[Doshkov, Paul K.] Cape Hatteras Natl Seashore, Natl Pk Serv, 1401 Natl Pk Dr, Avon, NC 27915 USA.
[Rotstein, David S.] Marine Mammal Pathol Serv, 19117 Bloomfield Rd, Olney, MD 20832 USA.
[Potter, Charles W.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC 108, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Lovewell, Gretchen N.] Mote Marine Lab, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
RP Keenan-Bateman, TF (reprint author), Univ North Carolina Wilmington, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, 601 South Coll Rd, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
EM batemankt@uncw.edu
FU NOAA
FX We thank all members, past and present, of the North Carolina and
Virginia Marine Mammal Stranding Programs who assisted in the response
and investigation of the specimens utilized in this study. We are
grateful to Dr. Alex Costidis, Dr. Stephanie Kamel, and Dr. Zachary
Long, who have shared their time and expertise, and contributed
significantly to this project. A very special thank you to Dr. Sentiel
Rommel for generously sharing his time and expertise to help create the
schematic for this project, and to Dr. Kevin Lafferty for taking the
time to discuss this project with us during the 2014 Society for
Integrative and Comparative Biology annual meeting. Thanks also to Dr.
Frederick Scharf for his assistance with statistical analyses.
Crassicaudid specimens, collected over the course of this study, have
been accessioned in the Parasite Collection (USNM 1299443 - 1299449) at
the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History. Work
carried out under UNCW IACUC Protocols A0809-019 and A1112-013, and
under a Stranding Agreement from NOAA SE to UNC Wilmington. This work
was supported in part by NOAA Prescott Stranding Grants to UNCW.
NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 3
BP 868
EP 883
DI 10.1111/mms.12300
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA DY3PT
UT WOS:000385006800004
ER
PT J
AU Joyce, TW
Durban, JW
Fearnbach, H
Claridge, D
Ballance, LT
AF Joyce, Trevor W.
Durban, John W.
Fearnbach, Holly
Claridge, Diane
Ballance, Lisa T.
TI Use of time-at-temperature data to describe dive behavior in five
species of sympatric deep-diving toothed whales
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE dive behavior; spatial models; Odontoceti; Bahamas
ID HIGH-LATITUDE HABITAT; BEAKED-WHALES; SPERM-WHALES;
PHYSETER-MACROCEPHALUS; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; FLORIDA
CURRENT; KILLER WHALES; CIRCULATION; BAHAMAS
AB This paper develops and validates a method of using time-at-temperature (TAT) histograms from satellite transmitter tags to describe the dive activity patterns and approximate depth distributions of five deep-diving toothed whale species in the northern Bahamas. TAT histograms represent a bandwidth-conserving method of recovering a long-term proxy record of dive activity. However, using temperature to interpret TAT on a scale of approximate depths required the complex estimation of TAT histogram bin boundary depths in a dynamic oceanographic region. Here we evaluated the relative performance of four interpolation methods and a global reanalysis data assimilation model in estimating climatological isotherm depth surfaces within our study area. TAT-derived approximate time-at-depth (TAD) distributions aligned closely with directly observed TAD distributions from a smaller sample of depth-recording satellite tags deployed on separate individuals of each species. TAT-derived approximate depth distributions were also consistent with various published accounts for this suite of species. Estimating dive ranges and time budgets are important components of (1) understanding habitat overlap between species, (2) evaluating the potential role of these predators in meso-and bathypelagic ecosystems, and (3) assessing vulnerability and exposure to anthropogenic impacts.
C1 [Joyce, Trevor W.; Ballance, Lisa T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Durban, John W.; Fearnbach, Holly; Ballance, Lisa T.] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Claridge, Diane] Bahamas Marine Mammal Res Org, POB AB-20714, Marsh Harbour, Abaco, Bahamas.
RP Joyce, TW (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM twjoyce@ucsd.edu
FU U.S. Navy Office of Naval Research [N000140710120]; NAVFAC
[N002441110021, N002441210007, N6660413P2671]; Strategic Environmental
Research and Development Program [RC-2114]
FX We are grateful to Charlotte Dunn and Leigh Hickmott at the Bahamas
Marine Mammal Research Organisation (BMMRO) for their contributions to
field research and project planning. We would also like to thank Dean
Roemmich, Cesar Rocha, and Nick Cavanaugh of Scripps Institution of
Oceanography for their guidance in sourcing physical oceanographic data
and implementing an Objective Analysis interpolation approach. We would
like to thank Brice Semmens, Lynn Talley, and Paul Dayton for their
valuable input on the manuscript. We also thank dedicated field
biologists Robert Pitman, Olivia Patterson, Aaron Banks, Marie Guilpin,
Kendria Ferguson, Eric Lewallen, and Edward Adderley for their
contribution to field efforts. We made use of data collected and made
freely available by the International Argo Program and the national
programs that contribute to it (http://www.argo.ucsd.edu,
http://argo.jcommops.org). Finally, we are also very grateful to the
captains and crews of the R/V Walton Smith and M/V Slumber Venture for
their outstanding support of our research efforts. Funding for tagging
efforts in the Bahamas were supported by the U.S. Navy Office of Naval
Research (grant N000140710120), NAVFAC (grants N002441110021,
N002441210007 and contract N6660413P2671), and the Strategic
Environmental Research and Development Program (award RC-2114). Tagging
was conducted under Bahamas Marine Mammal Protection Permit #12A. Tag
types, methods of deployment, and sample sizes were all reviewed and
approved by BMMRO's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).
NR 63
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 3
BP 1044
EP 1071
DI 10.1111/mms.12323
PG 28
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA DY3PT
UT WOS:000385006800013
ER
PT J
AU Wright, DL
Witteveen, B
Wynne, K
Horstmann-Dehn, L
AF Wright, Dana L.
Witteveen, Briana
Wynne, Kate
Horstmann-Dehn, Larissa
TI Fine-scale spatial differences in humpback whale diet composition near
Kodiak, Alaska
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Megaptera novaeangliae; stable isotope analysis; mass-balance equation;
stable isotope mixing model; Kodiak Archipelago; Gulf of Alaska; North
Pacific
ID ISOTOPE MIXING MODELS; POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; STABLE-ISOTOPES;
MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE; NORTHERN GULF; WALLEYE POLLOCK;
NITROGEN-ISOTOPE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; FEEDING GROUNDS; CARBON-ISOTOPE
AB On the North Pacific feeding grounds, humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) are recovering from commercial whaling at a rapid rate (6.8%). The potential effect that this recovery will have on trophic dynamics involving these predators is currently unknown. To better elucidate complex trophic dynamics, variability in diet composition of apex predators on their respective feeding grounds needs to be understood. Thus, we explored the diet composition of two defined subaggregations of humpback whales of the Kodiak Archipelago population ("North," "South") using stable carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-15) isotope ratios of humpback whale skin and regional prey samples in Bayesian dietary mixing models. Humpback whales in the "North" region consumed proportionally more fish, dominated by capelin (Mallotus villosus), whereas, whales in the "South" region consumed predominantly krill. The difference in diet composition appears to reflect regional differences in prey availability. Thus, regional variability in diet composition by humpback whales may have disproportionate impacts on prey resources of sympatric predators depending on available prey biomass. As a result, we suggest fine-scale studies of apex predator diets are needed to better model trophic dynamics with accuracy.
C1 [Wright, Dana L.; Witteveen, Briana; Wynne, Kate] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 118 Trident Way, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
[Horstmann-Dehn, Larissa] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 232 Irving 2, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Wright, Dana L.] NOAA, AFSC, Marine Mammal Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Wright, DL (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 118 Trident Way, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.; Wright, DL (reprint author), NOAA, AFSC, Marine Mammal Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM dlwright2@alaska.edu
FU NOAA NMFS [NA12NMF390123]; NOAA Gulf Apex Predator-prey (GAP) project;
Oscar Dyson Memorial Scholarship; UAF Robert Byrd foundation; Fairbanks
Curling Club Scholarship
FX We thank all the field assistants and scientists, including ADF&G, who
helped with sample collection throughout the years. We thank the
anonymous reviewer, Dr. John Arnould, and Dr. Daryl J. Boness whose
comments and suggestions greatly improved the manuscript. We thank Dr.
T. Quinn for assistance in statistical analyses and data interpretation
and the Georgia Institute of Ecology Stable Isotope Laboratory at the
University of Georgia for running all stable isotope samples. Funding
for this research was provided by NOAA NMFS NA12NMF390123. Student
financial assistance was provided to DLW by the NOAA Gulf Apex
Predator-prey (GAP) project, the Oscar Dyson Memorial Scholarship, the
UAF Robert Byrd foundation, and the Fairbanks Curling Club Scholarship.
Research was conducted under NMFS Research Permit #14296 and UAF IACUC
protocol 140171 and 140169.
NR 69
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 3
BP 1099
EP 1114
DI 10.1111/mms.12311
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA DY3PT
UT WOS:000385006800015
ER
PT J
AU Alderson, K
Nazare, S
Alderson, A
AF Alderson, Kim
Nazare, Shonali
Alderson, Andrew
TI Large-scale extrusion of auxetic polypropylene fibre
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE auxetic; melt extrusion; negative Poisson's ratio; polypropylene fibres
ID NEGATIVE POISSONS RATIO; PROCESSING PARAMETERS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
MICROPOROUS MATERIALS; POLYMERIC FIBERS; FABRICATION; POLYETHYLENE;
MANUFACTURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; GEOMETRY
AB Auxetic polyproplyene fibres have been produced on a large-scale industrial extruder for the first time. A first batch of tests identified a coarse processing window which was then more closely defined by subsequent tests. The effects of barrel temperature, screw speed, take-up speed and quenching (through the parameters of air gap and bath temperature) on the Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus of the fibres were examined. It was found that a temperature of 200 degrees C, screw speed of 12.5 rpm and take-up speed of either 1.5 or 3.5 rpm produced fibres with a high degree of auxeticity up to 5% strain -significantly increasing the auxetic strain range previously reported for lab-scale extrusions at lower extruder temperatures. Quenching with a water bath reduced the auxeticity, so was not employed as a processing parameter. (C) 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
C1 [Alderson, Kim] 72 Phillips Lane, Liverpool, Merseyside, England.
[Nazare, Shonali] NIST, Fire Res Div, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Alderson, Andrew] Sheffield Hallam Univ, Mat & Engn Res Inst, Sheffield S1 1WB, S Yorkshire, England.
RP Alderson, A (reprint author), Sheffield Hallam Univ, Mat & Engn Res Inst, Sheffield S1 1WB, S Yorkshire, England.
EM a.alderson@shu.ac.uk
OI Alderson, Andrew/0000-0002-6281-2624
FU Technology Strategy Board; Department for Innovation, Universities and
Skills (DIUS)
FX This work was funded by the Technology Strategy Board. The Technology
Strategy Board is a business-led executive non-departmental public body,
established by the government. Its mission is to promote and support
research into, and development and exploitation of, technology and
innovation for the benefit of UK business, in order to increase economic
growth and improve the quality of life. It is sponsored by the
Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills (DIUS). Please visit
www.innovateuk.org for further information.
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 7
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0370-1972
EI 1521-3951
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B
JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 253
IS 7
BP 1279
EP 1287
DI 10.1002/pssb.201600079
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DW4HD
UT WOS:000383602900006
ER
PT J
AU Boyar, J
Find, MG
Peralta, R
AF Boyar, Joan
Find, Magnus Gausdal
Peralta, Rene
TI On various nonlinearity measures for boolean functions
SO CRYPTOGRAPHY AND COMMUNICATIONS-DISCRETE-STRUCTURES BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS
AND SEQUENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Boolean functions; Nonlinearity; Multiplicative complexity; Algebraic
degree; Annihilator immunity; Thickness; Normality; Collision-free
ID ALGEBRAIC IMMUNITY; MULTIPLICATIVE COMPLEXITY; SYMMETRIC FUNCTIONS;
CONSTRUCTION
AB A necessary condition for the security of cryptographic functions is to be "sufficiently distant" from linear, and cryptographers have proposed several measures for this distance. In this paper, we show that six common measures, nonlinearity, algebraic degree, annihilator immunity, algebraic thickness, normality, and multiplicative complexity, are incomparable in the sense that for each pair of measures, mu(1), mu(2), there exist functions f(1), f(2) with f(1) being more nonlinear than f(2) according to mu(1), but less nonlinear according to mu(2). We also present new connections between two of these measures. Additionally, we give a lower bound on the multiplicative complexity of collision-free functions.
C1 [Boyar, Joan] Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Odense, Denmark.
[Find, Magnus Gausdal; Peralta, Rene] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Find, MG (reprint author), NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joan@imada.sdu.dk; magnus@gausdalfind.dk; peralta@nist.gov
OI Boyar, Joan/0000-0002-0725-8341
FU Danish Council for Independent Research, Natural Sciences
FX Joan Boyar is partially supported by the Danish Council for Independent
Research, Natural Sciences. Part of this work was done while visiting
the University of Waterloo.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1936-2447
EI 1936-2455
J9 CRYPTOGR COMMUN
JI Cryptogr. Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 3
BP 313
EP 330
DI 10.1007/s12095-015-0150-9
PG 18
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Applied
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA DY0AH
UT WOS:000384758600001
PM 27458499
ER
PT J
AU Smallwood, CL
Kaindl, RA
Lanzara, A
AF Smallwood, Christopher L.
Kaindl, Robert A.
Lanzara, Alessandra
TI Ultrafast angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of quantum materials
SO EPL
LA English
DT Article
ID CHARGE-DENSITY-WAVE; CUPRATE SUPERCONDUCTOR; TOPOLOGICAL INSULATOR;
FLOQUET-BLOCH; COOPER PAIRS; DYNAMICS; GRAPHENE; METALS; SPECTROMETER;
HARMONICS
AB Techniques in time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy have facilitated a number of recent advances in the study of quantum materials. We review developments in this field related to the study of incoherent nonequilibrium electron dynamics, the analysis of interactions between electrons and collective excitations, the exploration of dressed-state physics, and the illumination of unoccupied band structure. Future prospects are also discussed. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2016
C1 [Smallwood, Christopher L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Smallwood, Christopher L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kaindl, Robert A.; Lanzara, Alessandra] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lanzara, Alessandra] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lanzara, A (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Lanzara, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM alanzara@lbl.gov
FU Ultrafast Materials Program at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory -
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NRC Research Associateship award at NIST
FX This work was supported as part of the Ultrafast Materials Program at
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, funded by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials
Sciences and Engineering Division, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
CLS acknowledges support from an NRC Research Associateship award at
NIST.
NR 81
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 17
U2 17
PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI MULHOUSE
PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
EI 1286-4854
J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT
JI EPL
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 115
IS 2
AR 27001
DI 10.1209/0295-5075/115/27001
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DX5YF
UT WOS:000384457900021
ER
PT J
AU Kemeny, PC
Weigand, MA
Zhang, R
Carter, BR
Karsh, KL
Fawcett, SE
Sigman, DM
AF Kemeny, P. C.
Weigand, M. A.
Zhang, R.
Carter, B. R.
Karsh, K. L.
Fawcett, S. E.
Sigman, D. M.
TI Enzyme-level interconversion of nitrate and nitrite in the fall mixed
layer of the Antarctic Ocean
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE nitrate; nitrite; interconversion; seasonality; fall; antarctic
ID TROPICAL NORTH PACIFIC; NITROGEN ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; OXYGEN MINIMUM
ZONE; DENITRIFIER METHOD; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SARGASSO SEA;
MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; AMMONIUM UPTAKE; ORGANIC-MATTER
AB In the Southern Ocean, the nitrogen (N) isotopes of organic matter and the N and oxygen (O) isotopes of nitrate (NO3-) have been used to investigate NO3- assimilation and N cycling in the summertime period of phytoplankton growth, both today and in the past. However, recent studies indicate the significance of processes in other seasons for producing the annual cycle of N isotope changes. This study explores the impact of fall conditions on the N-15/N-14 (N-15) and O-18/O-16 (O-18) of NO3- and nitrite (NO2-) in the Pacific Antarctic Zone using depth profiles from late summer/fall of 2014. In the mixed layer, the N-15 and O-18 of NO3-+NO2- increase roughly equally, as expected for NO3- assimilation; however, the N-15 of NO3--only (measured after NO2- removal) increases more than does NO3--only O-18. Differencing indicates that NO2- has an extremely low N-15, often<-70 versus air. These observations are consistent with the expression of an equilibrium N isotope effect between NO3- and NO2-, likely due to enzymatic NO3--NO2- interconversion. Specifically, we propose reversibility of the nitrite oxidoreductase (NXR) enzyme of nitrite oxidizers that, having been entrained from the subsurface during late summer mixed layer deepening, are inhibited by light. Our interpretation suggests a role for NO3--NO2- interconversion where nitrifiers are transported into environments that discourage NO2- oxidation. This may apply to surface regions with upwelling, such as the summertime Antarctic. It may also apply to oxygen-deficient zones, where NXR-catalyzed interconversion may explain previously reported evidence of NO2- oxidation.
C1 [Kemeny, P. C.; Weigand, M. A.; Sigman, D. M.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Kemeny, P. C.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Zhang, R.] Xiamen Univ, Coll Ocean & Earth Sci, Xiamen, Peoples R China.
[Carter, B. R.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Carter, B. R.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Karsh, K. L.] Univ Tasmania, Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Fawcett, S. E.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Oceanog, Rondebosch, South Africa.
RP Kemeny, PC (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.; Kemeny, PC (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM pkemeny@princeton.edu
FU U.S. NSF [OPP-1401489]; Princeton Environmental Institute's
Undergraduate Research Fund at Princeton University; Princeton
University Department of Geosciences Fund; CSC; University of Cape Town
URC fund
FX The stable isotope data presented in this study will be merged into the
P16S CCHDO product (http://cchdo.ucsd.edu/cruise/320620140320). This
research was funded by the U.S. NSF through grant OPP-1401489 (D.M.S.),
by the Princeton Environmental Institute's Undergraduate Research Fund
for senior thesis research at Princeton University (P.C.K.), and by the
Princeton University Department of Geosciences Fund for senior thesis
research (P.C.K.). This is PMEL contribution 4518. R.Z. appreciates the
support of the CSC Fellowship, and S.E.F. is grateful to the University
of Cape Town URC fund. We thank S. Oleynik, W. Abouchami, and V. Luu for
help with isotopic analyses and the captain and crew of the RVIB
Nathaniel B. Palmer for a successful voyage.
NR 67
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 7
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 7
BP 1069
EP 1085
DI 10.1002/2015GB005350
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA DV0BK
UT WOS:000382582400007
ER
PT J
AU Senic, D
Remley, KA
Wang, CMJ
Williams, DF
Holloway, CL
Ribeiro, DC
Kirk, AT
AF Senic, Damir
Remley, Kate A.
Wang, Chih-Ming Jack
Williams, Dylan F.
Holloway, Christopher L.
Ribeiro, Diogo C.
Kirk, Ansgar T.
TI Estimating and Reducing Uncertainty in Reverberation-Chamber
Characterization at Millimeter-Wave Frequencies
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Measurement uncertainty; millimeter wave; reverberation chamber (RC);
total radiated power (TRP); wireless systems
ID WIRELESS DEVICES; COHERENCE BANDWIDTH; INDEPENDENT SAMPLES; DELAY
SPREAD; CHANNEL; ENVIRONMENT; ANTENNAS; STIRRER; DESIGN; NUMBER
AB This contribution provides techniques for accurately characterizing uncertainty when measuring total radiated power (TRP) at millimeter-wave frequencies. The setup is based on the reverberation chamber as a well-known measurement environment capable of performing TRP measurements of wireless devices. We show that by applying various stirring techniques, we can reduce the random component of measurement uncertainty to around 2%. We use a model for estimating the uncertainty for TRP measurements based on the K factor, which is compared with uncertainties calculated from relative power measurements and we show excellent agreement. We perform a significance test to confirm that the uncertainty due to the limited number of mode-stirred samples dominates over the uncertainty due to the lack of spatial uniformity. The observed uncertainty is also compared with an ideal chamber situation and shows good agreement.
C1 [Senic, Damir] Univ Colorado, Commun Technol Lab, NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Remley, Kate A.; Williams, Dylan F.; Holloway, Christopher L.] NIST, Commun Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Wang, Chih-Ming Jack] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ribeiro, Diogo C.; Kirk, Ansgar T.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ribeiro, Diogo C.] Univ Aveiro, Telecommun Inst IT, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Kirk, Ansgar T.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Elect Engn & Measurement Technol, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
RP Senic, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Commun Technol Lab, NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM damir.senic@nist.gov; kate.remley@nist.gov; chih-ming.wang@nist.gov;
dylan.williams@nist.gov; christopher.holloway@nist.gov;
diogo.ribeiro@nist.gov; kirk@geml.uni-hannover.de
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-926X
EI 1558-2221
J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG
JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 64
IS 7
BP 3130
EP 3140
DI 10.1109/TAP.2016.2556711
PN 2
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA DW9SH
UT WOS:000384002500036
ER
PT J
AU Bryant, GW
AF Bryant, Garnett W.
TI Approaching the quantum limit for plasmonics: linear atomic chains
SO JOURNAL OF OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE quantum plasmonics; many-body physics; excitons
AB Optical excitations in atomic-scale materials can be strongly mixed, with contributions from both single-particle transitions and collective response. This complicates the quantum description of these excitations, because there is no clear way to define their quantization. To develop a quantum theory for these optical excitations, they must first be characterized so that single-particle-like and collective excitations can be identified. Linear atomic chains, such as atom chains on surfaces, linear arrays of dopant atoms in semiconductors, or linear molecules, provide ideal testbeds for studying collective excitations in small atomic-scale systems. We use exact diagonalization to study the many-body excitations of finite (10 to 25) linear atomic chains described by a simplified model Hamiltonian. Exact diagonalization results can be very different from the density functional theory (DFT) results usually obtained. Highly correlated, multiexcitonic states, strongly dependent on the electron-electron interaction strength, dominate the exact spectral and optical response but are not present in DFT excitation spectra. The ubiquitous presence of excitonic many-body states in the spectra makes it hard to identify plasmonic excitations. A combination of criteria involving a many-body state's transfer dipole moment, balance, transfer charge, dynamical response, and induced-charge distribution do strongly suggest which many-body states should be considered as plasmonic. This analysis can be used to reveal the few plasmonic many-body states hidden in the dense spectrum of low-energy single-particle-like states and many higher-energy excitonic-like states. These excitonic states are the predominant excitation because of the many possible ways to develop local correlations.
C1 [Bryant, Garnett W.] NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bryant, Garnett W.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bryant, Garnett W.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Bryant, GW (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Bryant, GW (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Bryant, GW (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM garnett.bryant@nist.gov
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2040-8978
EI 2040-8986
J9 J OPTICS-UK
JI J. Opt.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 7
AR 074001
DI 10.1088/2040-8978/18/7/074001
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DW8LZ
UT WOS:000383908800008
ER
PT J
AU Dharmaraj, VL
Godfrin, PD
Liu, Y
Hudson, SD
AF Dharmaraj, Vishnu L.
Godfrin, P. Douglas
Liu, Yun
Hudson, Steven D.
TI Rheology of clustering protein solutions
SO BIOMICROFLUIDICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LYSOZYME; DISPERSIONS; ANTIBODIES
AB High viscosity is a major challenge with protein therapeutics at extremely high concentrations. To overcome this obstacle, it is essential to understand the relationship between the concentration of a protein solution and its viscosity as a function of shear rate and temperature. Here, lysozyme is a model charged globular protein having both short-ranged attraction (SA) and long-ranged repulsion (LR) that promote the formation of dynamic clusters at high concentrations. We report viscosity measurements from a micro-capillary rheometer (using only several microliters of solution) over a wide range of lysozyme solution concentrations, shear rates, and temperatures. Solution structural relaxation dynamics are also probed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). As a result of lysozyme's SALR interactions, the viscosity increased dramatically across all shear rates with increasing concentration and decreasing temperature. While most of the solutions exhibited Newtonian behavior, shear thinning was exhibited at the highest concentration (480 g/l) and lowest temperatures at shear rates above approximately 10(4) s(-1). The onset shear rate for thinning and a structural relaxation rate estimated from a slow-mode measured by DLS are compared. These measurements provide insights into the properties of protein solutions and their microscopic structural origins. 1932-1058/2016/10(4)/043509/11/$30.00
C1 [Dharmaraj, Vishnu L.] Montgomery Blair High Sch, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA.
[Dharmaraj, Vishnu L.; Hudson, Steven D.] NIST, Polymers & Complex Fluids Grp, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Godfrin, P. Douglas; Liu, Yun] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Godfrin, P. Douglas; Liu, Yun] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Godfrin, P. Douglas] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Hudson, SD (reprint author), NIST, Polymers & Complex Fluids Grp, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM steven.hudson@nist.gov
FU NIST, U.S. Department of Commerce [70NANB12H239, 70NANB10H256]
FX V.L.D. acknowledges his summer high school internship program for giving
the opportunity to work on this project. Y.L. acknowledges the partial
support of Cooperative Agreement Nos. 70NANB12H239 and 70NANB10H256 from
NIST, U.S. Department of Commerce.
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1932-1058
J9 BIOMICROFLUIDICS
JI Biomicrofluidics
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 10
IS 4
AR 043509
DI 10.1063/1.4955162
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biophysics; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Science & Technology -
Other Topics; Physics
GA DW8MZ
UT WOS:000383911400013
PM 27478524
ER
PT J
AU Grattan, LM
Trainer, VL
AF Grattan, Lynn M.
Trainer, Vera L.
TI Special Issue: Harmful Algal Blooms and Public Health Preface
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Oceans and human health; Harmful algal blooms; HAB related clinical
syndromes
C1 [Grattan, Lynn M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Neuropsychol, Dept Neurol, 110 S Paca St,3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Trainer, Vera L.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Marine Biotoxins Program, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Natori, Miyagi 98112, Japan.
RP Grattan, LM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Neuropsychol, Dept Neurol, 110 S Paca St,3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
EM lgrattan@som.umaryland.edu; vera.l.trainer@noaa.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 57
SI SI
BP 1
EP 1
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2016.05.002
PN B
PG 1
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW3EU
UT WOS:000383525700001
ER
PT J
AU Grattan, LM
Boushey, C
Tracy, K
Trainer, VL
Roberts, SM
Schluterman, N
Morris, JG
AF Grattan, Lynn M.
Boushey, Carol
Tracy, Kate
Trainer, Vera L.
Roberts, Sparkle M.
Schluterman, Nicolas
Morris, J. Glenn, Jr.
TI The association between razor clam consumption and memory in the CoASTAL
cohort
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Domoic acid; Amnesic shellfish poisoning; Environmental epidemiology;
Harmful algae; CoASTAL cohort
ID DOMOIC ACID; ADULT RATS; BEHAVIOR; MUSSELS
AB This study represents a preliminary effort to examine the potential impacts of chronic, low level domoic acid (DA) exposure on memory in the CoASTAL cohort over the first four years of data collection (Wave 1). Five hundred and thirteen adult men and women representing three Native American Tribes were studied annually with standard measures of cognition and razor clam consumption (a known vector of DA exposure) over a four-year period. In addition, a pilot metric of DA concentration exposure was used which took into consideration average DA concentration levels in source beaches, as well as the amount consumed. Based upon generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis, controlling for age, sex, race, year, education level, tribe, and employment status, findings indicated that high razor clam consumers (15 or more per month) had isolated decrements on some measures of memory (p = 0.02-0.03), with other cognitive functions unaffected. The relatively lower memory scores were still within normal limits, and were thus not clinically significant. The pilot DA exposure metric had no association with any other aspect of cognition or behavior. There is a possible association between long-term, low-level exposure to DA through heavy razor clam consumption and memory functioning. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Grattan, Lynn M.; Roberts, Sparkle M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Neuropsychol, Dept Neurol, 110 S Paca St,3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Boushey, Carol] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Program Epidemiol, Canc Ctr Dept, 701 Ilalo St,Rm 525, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[Tracy, Kate; Schluterman, Nicolas] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, 10 S Pine St MSTF 334F, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Trainer, Vera L.] NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr,Natl Marine Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Morris, J. Glenn, Jr.] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Coll Med, Dept Med, 2055 Mowry Rd,Box 100009, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
RP Grattan, LM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Neuropsychol, Dept Neurol, 110 S Paca St,3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
EM lgrattan@som.umaryland.edu; cjboushey@cc.hawaii.edu;
ktracy@epi.umaryland.edu; vera.l.trainer@noaa.gov;
sroberts@som.umaryland.edu; nschluterman@epi.umaryland.edu;
jgmorris@epi.ufl.edu
FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant (NIEHS)
[5R01ES012459]
FX Support for this work came from the National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences grant (NIEHS: 5R01ES012459) awarded to Dr. Grattan. Its
contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the official views of NIEHS.
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 57
SI SI
BP 20
EP 25
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2016.03.011
PN B
PG 6
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW3EU
UT WOS:000383525700004
PM 27746706
ER
PT J
AU Adams, NG
Robertson, A
Grattan, LM
Pendleton, S
Roberts, S
Tracy, JK
Trainer, VL
AF Adams, Nicolaus G.
Robertson, Alison
Grattan, Lynn M.
Pendleton, Steve
Roberts, Sparkle
Tracy, J. Kathleen
Trainer, Vera L.
TI Assessment of sodium channel mutations in Makah tribal members of the US
Pacific Northwest as a potential mechanism of resistance to paralytic
shellfish poisoning
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Voltage-gated Na+ channel; Paralytic shellfish poisoning; Saxitoxin;
Resistance; Harmful algal blooms
ID MYA-ARENARIA POPULATIONS; TOXIC DINOFLAGELLATE; POINT MUTATION;
PUGET-SOUND; SAXITOXIN; TETRODOTOXIN; WASHINGTON; NERVE; CLAM; PSP
AB The Makah Tribe of Neah Bay, Washington, has historically relied on the subsistence harvest of coastal seafood, including shellfish, which remains an important cultural and ceremonial resource. Tribal legend describes visitors from other tribes that died from eating shellfish collected on Makah lands. These deaths were believed to be caused by paralytic shellfish poisoning, a human illness caused by ingestion of shellfish contaminated with saxitoxins, which are produced by toxin producing marine dinoflagellates on which the shellfish feed. These paralytic shellfish toxins include saxitoxin, a potent Na+ channel antagonist that binds to the pore region of voltage gated Na+ channels. Amino acid mutations in the Na+ channel pore have been demonstrated to confer resistance to saxitoxin in softshell clam populations exposed to paralytic shellfish toxins present in their environment. Because of the notion of resistance to paralytic shellfish toxins, the study aimed to determine if a resistance strategy was possible in humans with historical exposure to toxins in shellfish. We collected, extracted and purified DNA from buccal swabs of 83 volunteer Makah tribal members and sequenced the skeletal muscle Na+ channel (Nav1.4) at nine loci to characterize potential mutations in the relevant saxitoxin binding regions. No mutations of these specific regions were identified after comparison to a reference sequence. This study suggests that any resistance of Makah tribal members to saxitoxin, if present, is not a function of Nav1.4 modification, but may be due to. mutations in neuronal or cardiac sodium channels, or some other mechanism unrelated to sodium channel function. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Adams, Nicolaus G.; Trainer, Vera L.] NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr,Natl Marine Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Robertson, Alison] Univ S Alabama, Dept Marine Sci, 5871 Univ Blvd North, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
[Robertson, Alison] Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Blvd, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA.
[Grattan, Lynn M.; Roberts, Sparkle; Tracy, J. Kathleen] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, 110 S Paca St,Third Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Pendleton, Steve] Div Environm Hlth, Makah Tribe, POB 115, Neah Bay, WA 98357 USA.
RP Adams, NG (reprint author), NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr,Natl Marine Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM nicolaus.adams@noaa.gov
FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant (NIEHS)
[5R01ES012459]
FX Support for this work came from the National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences grant (NIEHS: 5R01ES012459) awarded to Dr. Grattan. Its
contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS. We would like to
express gratitude to the anonymous members of the Makah Tribe who
graciously allowed us to share their traditional and current-day
knowledge by participating in this study. We thank Jerry Borchert,
Washington State Department of Health, for providing shellfish toxin
data. We are grateful to Dr. William Catterall, Dr. Todd Scheuer, and
Beth Sharpe of the University of Washington, Department of Pharmacology,
for assistance with the design of this study. We thank Piper Schwenke
and Anna Elz of NOAA's Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Conservation
Biology Division, for assistance with DNA sequencing and Nicholas
Schluterman of the University of Maryland, Department of Epidemiology
and Public Health for assistance with the survey data.[SS]
NR 34
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U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 57
SI SI
BP 26
EP 34
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2016.03.008
PN B
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW3EU
UT WOS:000383525700005
PM 27616973
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, SM
Grattan, LM
Toben, AC
Ausherman, C
Trainer, VL
Tracy, K
Morris, JG
AF Roberts, Sparkle M.
Grattan, Lynn M.
Toben, Alexandra C.
Ausherman, Christina
Trainer, Vera L.
Tracy, Kate
Morris, J. Glenn, Jr.
TI Perception of risk for domoic acid related health problems: A
cross-cultural study
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Risk perception; Cross-cultural; Risk communication; Domoic acid; Razor
clam toxicity; Harmful algal blooms
AB Risk perception is a complex process that refers to the way people approach, think about, and interpret risks in their environment. An important element of risk perception is that it is culturally situated. Since HABs can present a health risk in many places around the world, looking at cultural parameters for understanding and interpreting risks is important. This study examined how two different groups of people perceive the potential health risks of low-level exposure to domoic acid (DA) through razor clam consumption. The risk perceptions of Washington State, USA coastal dwelling Native American nations (NA) were compared to that of a community sample of recreational razor clam harvesters (CRH). Overall, the findings support the hypothesis that cultural and community specific contexts impact the perception of risk of a DA related illness. Specifically, the NA sample was distinguished from the CRH group in particular, by their worries about ocean pollution, attribution of DA risks to climate change, concerns about the potential impact of DA on future generations, and feeling of being better informed than the CRH group. The CRH group was more likely to attribute the DA problem to anthropogenic or industrial causes and view the risk of health problems from DA as lower than those associated with smoking, high cholesterol, anxiety or depression, alcoholism, high blood pressure or obesity. The CRH group was also more likely to turn to the media for DA-related information. Both groups trusted the decisions of state and tribe health and natural resources officials, and demonstrated a complex pattern of findings that involved gender. In summary, risk communication and outreach activities should be designed to take into consideration the specific factors that are unique to each cultural community. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Roberts, Sparkle M.; Grattan, Lynn M.; Toben, Alexandra C.; Ausherman, Christina] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Neuropsychol, Dept Neurol, 110 S Paca St,3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Toben, Alexandra C.] Stetson Univ, Dept Integrat Hlth Sci, 421 N Woodland Blvd, Deland, FL 32723 USA.
[Trainer, Vera L.] NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr,Natl Marine Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Tracy, Kate] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Morris, J. Glenn, Jr.] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Coll Med, Dept Med, 2055 Mowry Rd,Box 100009, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
RP Grattan, LM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Neuropsychol, Dept Neurol, 110 S Paca St,3rd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
EM sroberts@som.umaryland.edu; lgrattan@so-m.umaryland.edu;
atoben@stetson.edu; vera.l.trainer@-noaa.gov; ktracy@epi.umaryland.edu;
jgmorris@epi.ufl.edu
FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant (NIEHS)
[5R01ES012459]
FX Support for this work came from the National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences grant (NIEHS: 5R01ES012459) awarded to Dr. Grattan. Its
contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS.
NR 12
TC 1
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U1 5
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 57
SI SI
BP 39
EP 44
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2016.03.007
PN B
PG 6
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW3EU
UT WOS:000383525700007
PM 27616974
ER
PT J
AU Knaack, JS
Porter, KA
Jacob, JT
Sullivan, K
Forester, M
Wang, RY
Trainer, VL
Morton, S
Eckert, G
McGahee, E
Thomas, J
McLaughlin, J
Johnson, RC
AF Knaack, Jennifer S.
Porter, Kimberly A.
Jacob, Justin T.
Sullivan, Kate
Forester, Matthew
Wang, Richard Y.
Trainer, Vera L.
Morton, Steve
Eckert, Ginny
McGahee, Ernest
Thomas, Jerry
McLaughlin, Joseph
Johnson, Rudolph C.
TI Case diagnosis and characterization of suspected paralytic shellfish
poisoning in Alaska
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; High performance liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry;
Paralytic shellfish poisoning; Paralytic shellfish toxin; Saxitoxin
ID POSTMORTEM ANALYSIS; SODIUM-CHANNELS; HUMAN URINE; SAXITOXIN; TOXINS;
TETRODOTOXIN; SAMPLES; SAFETY; HEALTH; NERVE
AB Clinical cases of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) are common in Alaska, and result from human consumption of shellfish contaminated with saxitoxin (STX) and its analogues. Diagnosis of PSP is presumptive and based on recent ingestion of shellfish and presence of manifestations consistent with symptoms of PSP; diagnosis is confirmed by detection of paralytic shellfish toxins in a clinical specimen or food sample. A clinical diagnostic analytical method using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to evaluate the diagnosis of saxitoxin-induced PSP (STX-PSP) in 11 Alaskan patients using urine specimens collected between June 2010 and November 2011. Concentrations of urinary STX were corrected for creatinine concentrations to account for dilution or concentration of urine from water intake or restriction, respectively. Of the 11 patients with suspected PSP, four patients were confirmed to have STX-PSP by urine testing (24-364 ng STX/g creatinine). Five patients had clinical manifestations of PSP though no STX was detected in their urine. Two patients were ruled out for STX-PSP based on non-detected urinary STX and the absence of clinical findings. Results revealed that dysphagia and dysarthria may be stronger indicators of PSP than paresthesia and nausea, which are commonly used to clinically diagnose patients with PSP. PSP can also occur from exposure to a number of STX congeners, such as gonyautoxins, however their presence in urine was not assessed in this investigation. In addition, meal remnants obtained from six presumptive PSP cases were analyzed using the Association of Official Analytical Chemists' mouse bioassay. All six samples tested positive for PSP toxins. In the future, the clinical diagnostic method can be used in conjunction with the mouse bioassay or HPLC-MS/MS to assess the extent of STX-PSP in Alaska where it has been suggested that PSP is underreported. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Knaack, Jennifer S.; Wang, Richard Y.; McGahee, Ernest; Thomas, Jerry; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Porter, Kimberly A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Alaska Sect Epidemiol, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Jacob, Justin T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MC-100-44,POB 117, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Sullivan, Kate] Univ Alaska Southeast, Fisheries Technol, 2600 7th Ave, Ketchikan, AK 99901 USA.
[Forester, Matthew] Alaska Dept Environm Conservat, Alaska Environm Hlth Lab, 5251 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Ave, Anchorage, AK 99507 USA.
[Trainer, Vera L.] NOAA, Marine Biotoxins Program, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Morton, Steve] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Marine Biotoxins Program, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Eckert, Ginny] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17701 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[McLaughlin, Joseph] Alaska Dept Hlth & Social Serv, Sect Epidemiol, 3601 C St,Suite 540, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Knaack, Jennifer S.] Mercer Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, 3001 Mercer Univ Dr,DV-114, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Response Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
EM Knaack_JS@Mercer.edu; RJohnson6@cdc.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy; Oak Ridge Associated Universities; Oak Ridge
Institute for Science, and Education (ORISE); State of Alaska as part of
routine safety testing for food and seafood; CDC
FX The authors would like to thank Donna Fearey from the State of Alaska
for assistance in collecting clinical data, Pamela Olive from Battelle,
Atlanta for providing creatinine measurements, and Bich-Thuy L. Eberhart
from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for assistance
in background literature searches, data interpretation, and manuscript
writing. Funding for the analysis of clinical specimens was provided by
CDC. Justin Jacob was compensated by a fellowship from the U.S.
Department of Energy, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge
Institute for Science, and Education (ORISE). Shellfish testing was
funded by the State of Alaska as part of routine safety testing for food
and seafood. We acknowledge an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments.
NR 33
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U1 15
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 57
SI SI
BP 45
EP 50
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2016.03.006
PN B
PG 6
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW3EU
UT WOS:000383525700008
ER
PT J
AU Hassan, AM
Vargas-Lara, F
Douglas, JF
Garboczi, EJ
AF Hassan, Ahmed M.
Vargas-Lara, Fernando
Douglas, Jack F.
Garboczi, Edward J.
TI Electromagnetic Resonances of Individual Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
With Realistic Shapes: A Characteristic Modes Approach
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Electromagnetic scattering; single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs);
theory of characteristic modes (TCM)
ID CONDUCTING BODIES; ANTENNAS; ELECTRODYNAMICS; COMPUTATION; COMPOSITES;
SIMULATION; SCATTERING; WAVINESS; NANOWIRE; DESIGN
AB In composites, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are rarely perfectly straight and they usually exhibit complex shapes. In this paper, we employ the method-of-moments formulation for arbitrary thin wires to study the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of CNTs with realistic shapes. More than 800 different CNT shapes were simulated in this work. These shapes were generated using a coarse-grained molecular dynamics model calibrated using realistic CNT shapes encountered experimentally. The analysis shows that the shape and orientation of CNTs has a strong effect on the scattered electromagnetic response. We used the theory of characteristic modes (TCM) to explain this dependence of the scattered electromagnetic waves on the shape of the CNT. Using TCM, we developed simplified but highly accurate formulas that link the shapes of the CNTs to the resonances in their total extinction coefficient spectrum. These formulations have the potential to be the basis for advancing the nondestructive evaluation of CNT composites using electromagnetic waves as well as the development of novel CNT electromagnetic systems and devices.
C1 [Hassan, Ahmed M.] Univ Missouri, Comp Sci & Elect Engn Dept, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
[Vargas-Lara, Fernando; Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Garboczi, Edward J.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hassan, AM (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Comp Sci & Elect Engn Dept, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
EM hassanam@umkc.edu; luis.vargaslara@nist.gov; jack.douglas@nist.gov;
edward.garboczi@nist.gov
OI Hassan, Ahmed/0000-0001-8842-1798
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology; NIST [70NANB15H285]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Standards
and Technology project, "Carbon Nanocomposite Manufacturing: Processing,
Properties, Performance," and in part by the NIST Grant 70NANB15H285
"Multi-Scale Computational Modeling of Carbon Nanostructure Composites."
NR 49
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U1 2
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-926X
EI 1558-2221
J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG
JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 64
IS 7
BP 2743
EP 2757
DI 10.1109/TAP.2016.2526046
PN 1
PG 15
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA DW9PY
UT WOS:000383995200016
ER
PT J
AU Soiland, H
Chafik, L
Rossby, T
AF Soiland, H.
Chafik, L.
Rossby, T.
TI On the long-term stability of the Lofoten Basin Eddy
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE eddy; anticyclonic; Lofoten Basin
ID MEDITERRANEAN SALT LENS; FRESH-WATER CONTENT; NORDIC SEAS; ATLANTIC
WATER; OCEAN; DRIFTERS; VORTEX; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; GENERATION
AB In recent years, several studies have identified an area of intense anticyclonic activity about 500 km straight west of the Lofoten Islands at 70 degrees N in the northern Norwegian Sea. Now recognized as the coherent Lofoten Basin Eddy (LBE), it is maintained by a supply of anticyclonic eddies that break away from the Norwegian Atlantic Current. Here we show from ship-based surveys of its velocity field that it is quite stable with a central core in solid body rotation approximate to 1000 m deep, approximate to 8 km radius, and a relative vorticity close to its theoretical limit -f. The surveys also show the LBE typically has a >60 km radius with maximum swirl velocities at 17-20 km radius. From the velocity field, we estimate the dynamic height amplitude at the surface to be about approximate to 0.210.03 dyn. m. Second, altimetry from the last 20 years shows the extremum in sea surface height relative to the surrounding waters to be about the same, 0.2 dyn. m. Third, a float trapped in the LBE for many months reveals a clear cyclonic wandering of the eddy over the deepest parts of the basin. Last, three hydrographic sections from the 1960s show the dynamic height signal to be virtually the same then as it is now. From these observations, we conclude that the LBE is a permanent feature of the Nordic Seas and plays a central role in maintaining the pool of warm water in the western Lofoten Basin.
C1 [Soiland, H.] Inst Marine Res, Bergen, Norway.
[Soiland, H.] Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Bergen, Norway.
[Chafik, L.] NOAA, NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
[Chafik, L.] Univ Maryland, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Rossby, T.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, South Ferry Rd, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Soiland, H (reprint author), Inst Marine Res, Bergen, Norway.; Soiland, H (reprint author), Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Bergen, Norway.
EM henrik.soiland@imr.no
FU Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research; NOAA Jason altimetry program
FX We thank the reviewers for the helpful and constructive suggestions. We
are grateful to the Institute of Marine Research for providing ship time
for the surveys. We also thank the Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research
for its support. Leon Chafik is supported by a grant from the NOAA Jason
altimetry program. The satellite-altimetry data set, denoted
SSALTO/DUACS (multimission ground Segment for ALTimetry, Orbitography,
and precise localization/Developing Use of Altimetry for Climate
Studies), was obtained courtesy of the French archive AVISO (Archiving,
Validation and Interpretation of Satellite Oceanographic Data,
http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com).
NR 31
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U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 7
BP 4438
EP 4449
DI 10.1002/2016JC011726
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DW2JK
UT WOS:000383468500001
ER
PT J
AU Mellor, G
AF Mellor, George
TI On theories dealing with the interaction of surface waves and ocean
circulation
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE surface waves; ocean circulation
ID LANGMUIR CIRCULATIONS; 3-DIMENSIONAL CURRENT; MODEL; VARIABILITY;
GENERATION; TURBULENCE; EQUATIONS; MECHANISM; DRIVEN
AB The classic theory for the interaction of surface gravity waves and the general ocean circulation entails the so-called wave radiation stress terms in the phase-averaged momentum equation. The equations of motion are for the combined Eulerian current and Stokes drift. On the other hand, a more recent approach includes the so-called vortex force term in the momentum equation wherein the only wave property is Stokes drift. The equations of motion are for the Eulerian current. The idea has gained traction in the ocean science community, a fact that motivates this paper. A question is: can both theories be correct? This paper answers the question in the negative and presents arguments in favor of the wave radiation theory. The vortex force approach stems from an interesting mathematical construct, but it does stand up to physical or mathematical scrutiny as described in this paper. Although not the primary focus of the paper, some discussion of Langmuir circulation is included since the vortex force was first introduced as the basis of this oceanic cellular phenomenon. Finaly the paper explains the difference in the derivation of the radiation stress theory and the vortex force theory: the later theory entails errors related to its use of curl and reverse-curl [or uncurl] processes.
C1 [Mellor, George] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Mellor, G (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM glmellor@princeton.edu
NR 29
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U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 7
BP 4474
EP 4486
DI 10.1002/2016JC011768
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DW2JK
UT WOS:000383468500003
ER
PT J
AU Iskandarani, M
Le Henaff, M
Thacker, WC
Srinivasan, A
Knio, OM
AF Iskandarani, Mohamed
Le Henaff, Matthieu
Thacker, William Carlisle
Srinivasan, Ashwanth
Knio, Omar M.
TI Quantifying uncertainty in Gulf of Mexico forecasts stemming from
uncertain initial conditions
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE polynomial chaos; uncertainty quantification; Gulf of Mexico Circulation
ID STOCHASTIC PROJECTION METHOD; POLYNOMIAL CHAOS; ORTHOGONAL POLYNOMIALS;
DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; LOOP CURRENT; FLUID-FLOW; CIRCULATION;
QUANTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; SYSTEM
AB Polynomial Chaos (PC) methods are used to quantify the impacts of initial conditions uncertainties on oceanic forecasts of the Gulf of Mexico circulation. Empirical Orthogonal Functions are used as initial conditions perturbations with their modal amplitudes considered as uniformly distributed uncertain random variables. These perturbations impact primarily the Loop Current system and several frontal eddies located in its vicinity. A small ensemble is used to sample the space of the modal amplitudes and to construct a surrogate for the evolution of the model predictions via a nonintrusive Galerkin projection. The analysis of the surrogate yields verification measures for the surrogate's reliability and statistical information for the model output. A variance analysis indicates that the sea surface height predictability in the vicinity of the Loop Current is limited to about 20 days.
C1 [Iskandarani, Mohamed] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Le Henaff, Matthieu] Univ Miami, CIMAS, Miami, FL USA.
[Le Henaff, Matthieu] NOAA, AOML, Miami, FL USA.
[Srinivasan, Ashwanth] Tendral LLC, Miami, FL USA.
[Knio, Omar M.] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
[Knio, Omar M.] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Div Comp Elect & Math Sci & Engn, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
RP Iskandarani, M (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
EM miskandarani@rsmas.miami.edu
FU BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative; Office of Naval Research
[N00014-1010498]; US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science,
Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research [DE-SC0008789]; NOAA
Quantitative Observing System Assessment Program (QOSAP)
[NA15OAR4320064]; NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory; Centre National dEtudes Spatiales (CNES)
FX We would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers whose comments were
extremely helpful in improving the manuscript. This research was made
possible in part by a grant from BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research
Initiative to the CARTHE and DEEP-C Consortia, and by the Office of
Naval Research, Award N00014-1010498. O. M. Knio was supported in part
by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of
Advanced Scientific Computing Research, under Award Number DE-SC0008789.
M. Le Henaff received partial support for this work from the NOAA
Quantitative Observing System Assessment Program (QOSAP, grant
NA15OAR4320064) and the base funds of the NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic
and Meteorological Laboratory. The altimeter products were produced by
SSALTO/DUACS and distributed by AVISO
(http://www.aviso.altimetry.fr/duacs/), with support from the Centre
National dEtudes Spatiales (CNES). The model outputs used in the present
study are available on GRIIDC website
(https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org/).
NR 34
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 7
BP 4819
EP 4832
DI 10.1002/2015JC011573
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DW2JK
UT WOS:000383468500024
ER
PT J
AU Oey, LY
Chou, S
AF Oey, Lie-Yauw
Chou, Simon
TI Evidence of rising and poleward shift of storm surge in western North
Pacific in recent decades
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE rising storm surge; typhoons; western North Pacific; climate change
ID TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; OCEAN HEAT-CONTENT;
TYPHOON NURI 2008; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LEVEL EXTREMES; CHINA SEA; MODEL;
TAIWAN; CIRCULATION
AB Recently, there has been considerable interest in examining how sea-level extremes due to storm surge may be related to climate change. Evidence of how storm-surge extremes have evolved since the start of the most recent warming of mid-1970s and early 1980s has not been firmly established however. Here we use 64 years (1950-2013) of observations and model simulations, and find evidence of a significant rise in the intensity as well as poleward-shifting of location of typhoon surges in the western North Pacific after 1980s. The rising and poleward-shifting trends are caused by the weakening of the steering flow in the tropics, which is related to climate warming, resulting in slower-moving and longer-lasting typhoons which had shifted northward.
C1 [Oey, Lie-Yauw; Chou, Simon] Natl Cent Univ, Grad Inst Hydrol & Ocean Sci, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
[Oey, Lie-Yauw] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Oey, LY (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Grad Inst Hydrol & Ocean Sci, Taoyuan, Taiwan.; Oey, LY (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM lyooey@gmail.com
NR 79
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U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 7
BP 5181
EP 5192
DI 10.1002/2016JC011777
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DW2JK
UT WOS:000383468500044
ER
PT J
AU Rowe, MD
Anderson, EJ
Wynne, TT
Stumpf, RP
Fanslow, DL
Kijanka, K
Vanderploeg, HA
Strickler, JR
Davis, TW
AF Rowe, M. D.
Anderson, E. J.
Wynne, T. T.
Stumpf, R. P.
Fanslow, D. L.
Kijanka, K.
Vanderploeg, H. A.
Strickler, J. R.
Davis, T. W.
TI Vertical distribution of buoyant Microcystis blooms in a Lagrangian
particle tracking model for short-term forecasts in Lake Erie
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE numerical modeling; ecological forecasting; Lake Erie; Microcystis;
Harmful algal bloom; cyanobacteria
ID THERMAL STRUCTURE; WATER COLUMN; WESTERN GULF; ATLANTIC COD;
GREAT-LAKES; CYANOBACTERIA; CIRCULATION; STRATIFICATION; EUTROPHICATION;
AERUGINOSA
AB Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) are a problem in western Lake Erie, and in eutrophic fresh waters worldwide. Western Lake Erie is a large (3000 km(2)), shallow (8 m mean depth), freshwater system. CHABs occur from July to October, when stratification is intermittent in response to wind and surface heating or cooling (polymictic). Existing forecast models give the present location and extent of CHABs from satellite imagery, then predict two-dimensional (surface) CHAB movement in response to meteorology. In this study, we simulated vertical distribution of buoyant Microcystis colonies, and 3-D advection, using a Lagrangian particle model forced by currents and turbulent diffusivity from the Finite Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM). We estimated the frequency distribution of Microcystis colony buoyant velocity from measured size distributions and buoyant velocities. We evaluated several random-walk numerical schemes to efficiently minimize particle accumulation artifacts. We selected the Milstein scheme, with linear interpolation of the diffusivity profile in place of cubic splines, and varied the time step at each particle and step based on the curvature of the local diffusivity profile to ensure that the Visser time step criterion was satisfied. Inclusion of vertical mixing with buoyancy significantly improved model skill statistics compared to an advection-only model, and showed greater skill than a persistence forecast through simulation day 6, in a series of 26 hindcast simulations from 2011. The simulations and in situ observations show the importance of subtle thermal structure, typical of a polymictic lake, along with buoyancy in determining vertical and horizontal distribution of Microcystis.
C1 [Rowe, M. D.; Kijanka, K.] Univ Michigan, NOAA Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, CILER, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Anderson, E. J.; Fanslow, D. L.; Vanderploeg, H. A.; Davis, T. W.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Wynne, T. T.; Stumpf, R. P.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Natl Ocean Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Strickler, J. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes WATER Inst, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
RP Rowe, MD (reprint author), Univ Michigan, NOAA Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, CILER, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM mark.rowe@noaa.gov
OI Anderson, Eric/0000-0001-5342-8383
FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative through the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
FX M.D. Rowe received funding from the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
through the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration. The FVCOM model and Lagrangian particle
tracking model code are available from http://fvcom.smast.umassd.edu/.
David Schwab, University of Michigan, modified the Lagrangian code for
improved efficiency. Duane Gossiaux, NOAA GLERL, measured colony size
distributions by microscopy. Danna Palladino and Ashley Burtner, CILER,
collected field samples from Lake Erie in 2012, 2013, and 2014. We are
grateful to Ulf Grawe, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, for
providing code for alternative random walk numerical schemes. Data and
model results are available upon request from the corresponding author
(mark.rowe@noaa.gov). This is GLERL contribution 1825.
NR 54
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U1 18
U2 18
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 7
BP 5296
EP 5314
DI 10.1002/2016JC011720
PG 19
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DW2JK
UT WOS:000383468500050
ER
PT J
AU Ade, PAR
Ahmed, Z
Aikin, RW
Alexander, KD
Barkats, D
Benton, SJ
Bischoff, CA
Bock, JJ
Bowens-Rubin, R
Brevik, JA
Buder, I
Bullock, E
Buza, V
Connors, J
Crill, BP
Duband, L
Dvorkin, C
Filippini, JP
Fliescher, S
Grayson, J
Halpern, M
Harrison, S
Hildebrandt, SR
Hilton, GC
Hui, H
Irwin, KD
Kang, J
Karkare, KS
Karpel, E
Kaufman, JP
Keating, BG
Kefeli, S
Kernasovskiy, SA
Kovac, JM
Kuo, CL
Leitch, EM
Lueker, M
Megerian, KG
Namikawa, T
Netterfield, CB
Nguyen, HT
O'Brient, R
Ogburn, RW
Orlando, A
Pryke, C
Richter, S
Schwarz, R
Sheehy, CD
Staniszewski, ZK
Steinbach, B
Sudiwala, RV
Teply, GP
Thompson, KL
Tolan, JE
Tucker, C
Turner, AD
Vieregg, AG
Weber, AC
Wiebe, DV
Willmert, J
Wong, CL
Wu, WLK
Yoon, KW
AF Ade, P. A. R.
Ahmed, Z.
Aikin, R. W.
Alexander, K. D.
Barkats, D.
Benton, S. J.
Bischoff, C. A.
Bock, J. J.
Bowens-Rubin, R.
Brevik, J. A.
Buder, I.
Bullock, E.
Buza, V.
Connors, J.
Crill, B. P.
Duband, L.
Dvorkin, C.
Filippini, J. P.
Fliescher, S.
Grayson, J.
Halpern, M.
Harrison, S.
Hildebrandt, S. R.
Hilton, G. C.
Hui, H.
Irwin, K. D.
Kang, J.
Karkare, K. S.
Karpel, E.
Kaufman, J. P.
Keating, B. G.
Kefeli, S.
Kernasovskiy, S. A.
Kovac, J. M.
Kuo, C. L.
Leitch, E. M.
Lueker, M.
Megerian, K. G.
Namikawa, T.
Netterfield, C. B.
Nguyen, H. T.
O'Brient, R.
Ogburn, R. W.
Orlando, A.
Pryke, C.
Richter, S.
Schwarz, R.
Sheehy, C. D.
Staniszewski, Z. K.
Steinbach, B.
Sudiwala, R. V.
Teply, G. P.
Thompson, K. L.
Tolan, J. E.
Tucker, C.
Turner, A. D.
Vieregg, A. G.
Weber, A. C.
Wiebe, D. V.
Willmert, J.
Wong, C. L.
Wu, W. L. K.
Yoon, K. W.
CA Keck Array Collaboration
Bicep2 Collaboration
TI BICEP2/KECK ARRAY. VII. MATRIX BASED E/B SEPARATION APPLIED TO BICEP2
AND THE KECK ARRAY
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmic background radiation; cosmology: observations; gravitational
waves; inflation polarization
ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND POLARIZATION; POWER SPECTRUM; TEMPERATURE
AB A linear polarization field on the sphere can be uniquely decomposed into an E-mode and a B-mode component. These two components are analytically defined in terms of spin-2 spherical harmonics. Maps that contain filtered modes on a partial sky can also be decomposed into E-mode and B-mode components. However, the lack of full sky information prevents orthogonally separating these components using spherical harmonics. In this paper, we present a technique for decomposing an incomplete map into E and B-mode components using E and B eigenmodes of the pixel covariance in the observed map. This method is found to orthogonally define E and B in the presence of both partial sky coverage and spatial filtering. This method has been applied to the BICEP2 and the Keck Array maps and results in reducing E to B leakage from Lambda CDME-modes to a level corresponding to a tensor-to-scalar ratio of r < 1 x 10(-4).
C1 [Ade, P. A. R.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Sudiwala, R. V.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales.
[Ahmed, Z.; Grayson, J.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karpel, E.; Kuo, C. L.; Namikawa, T.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ahmed, Z.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Kuo, C. L.; Namikawa, T.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Aikin, R. W.; Bock, J. J.; Brevik, J. A.; Filippini, J. P.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Hui, H.; Kefeli, S.; Lueker, M.; O'Brient, R.; Orlando, A.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Steinbach, B.; Teply, G. P.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Alexander, K. D.; Barkats, D.; Bischoff, C. A.; Bowens-Rubin, R.; Buder, I.; Buza, V.; Connors, J.; Harrison, S.; Karkare, K. S.; Kovac, J. M.; Richter, S.; Vieregg, A. G.; Wong, C. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St MS 42, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Benton, S. J.; Netterfield, C. B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
[Bock, J. J.; Crill, B. P.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Megerian, K. G.; Nguyen, H. T.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Turner, A. D.; Weber, A. C.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Bullock, E.; Fliescher, S.; Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Buza, V.; Dvorkin, C.; Kovac, J. M.; Wong, C. L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Duband, L.] Commissariat Energie Atom, Serv Basses Temp, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
[Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Halpern, M.; Wiebe, D. V.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
[Hilton, G. C.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kaufman, J. P.; Keating, B. G.; Teply, G. P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Leitch, E. M.; Sheehy, C. D.; Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Netterfield, C. B.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
[Pryke, C.; Schwarz, R.; Sheehy, C. D.; Willmert, J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Wu, W. L. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Tolan, JE (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM jetolan@stanford.edu
OI Karkare, Kirit/0000-0002-5215-6993; Barkats, Denis/0000-0002-8971-1954;
Namikawa, Toshiya/0000-0003-3070-9240; Tucker,
Carole/0000-0002-1851-3918
FU US National Science Foundation [ANT-0742818, ANT-1044978, ANT-0742592,
ANT-1110087]; FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard
University; US Department of Energy Office of Science
FX BICEP2 was supported by the US National Science Foundation under grants
ANT-0742818 and ANT-1044978 (Caltech/Harvard) and ANT-0742592 and
ANT-1110087 (Chicago/Minnesota). The computations in this paper were run
on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research
Computing Group at Harvard University. The analysis effort at
Stanford/SLAC is partially supported by the US Department of Energy
Office of Science. Tireless administrative support was provided by Irene
Coyle and Kathy Deniston.
NR 39
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U1 2
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 825
IS 1
AR 66
DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/66
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DU0YD
UT WOS:000381930000066
ER
PT J
AU Coughlin, ER
Begelman, MC
AF Coughlin, Eric R.
Begelman, Mitchell C.
TI THE RADIATION HYDRODYNAMICS OF RELATIVISTIC SHEAR FLOWS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: jets; gamma-ray burst: general; radiation: dynamics;
relativistic processes
ID SUPER-EDDINGTON ACCRETION; VISCOUS BOUNDARY-LAYERS; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS;
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION; BLACK-HOLES; M1 CLOSURE; EQUATIONS;
PLASMA; LIMIT; DISKS
AB We present a method for analyzing the interaction between radiation and matter in regions of intense, relativistic shear that can arise in many astrophysical situations. We show that there is a simple velocity profile that should be manifested in regions of large shear that have "lost memory" of their boundary conditions, and we use this self-similar velocity profile to construct the surface of last scattering, or the tau similar or equal to 1 surface, as viewed from any comoving point within the flow. We demonstrate that a simple treatment of scattering from this t. 1 surface exactly conserves photon number, and we derive the rate at which the radiation field is heated due to the shear present in the flow. The components of the comoving radiation energy-momentum tensor are calculated, and we show that they have relatively simple, approximate forms that interpolate between the viscous (small shear) and streaming (large shear) limits. We put our expression for the energy-momentum tensor in a covariant form that does not depend on the explicit velocity profile within the fluid and, therefore, represents a natural means for analyzing general, radiation-dominated, relativistic shear flows.
C1 [Coughlin, Eric R.] Univ Colorado, JILA, UCB 440, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NIST, UCB 440, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Coughlin, Eric R.; Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, UCB 391, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Coughlin, ER (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, UCB 440, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Coughlin, ER (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, UCB 391, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM eric.coughlin@colorado.edu; mitch@jila.colorado.edu
OI BEGELMAN, MITCHELL/0000-0003-0936-8488; Coughlin,
Eric/0000-0003-3765-6401
FU NASA Astrophysics Theory Program grants [NNX14AB37G]; NSF grant
[AST-1411879]; NASA's Fermi Guest Investigator Program
FX This work was supported in part by NASA Astrophysics Theory Program
grants NNX14AB37G, NSF grant AST-1411879, and NASA's Fermi Guest
Investigator Program. We thank Charles Gammie for useful comments,
particularly for suggesting the use of these solutions as a test problem
for current radiation-MHD codes.
NR 24
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U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 825
IS 1
AR 21
DI 10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/21
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DU0YD
UT WOS:000381930000021
ER
PT J
AU Li, KP
Li, Z
Yang, Y
Xiang, BQ
Liu, YL
Yu, WD
AF Li, Kuiping
Li, Zhi
Yang, Yang
Xiang, Baoqiang
Liu, Yanliang
Yu, Weidong
TI Strong modulations on the Bay of Bengal monsoon onset vortex by the
first northward-propagating intra-seasonal oscillation
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Monsoon onset vortex; Tropical cyclone; Intra-seasonal oscillation; Bay
of Bengal; Genesis potential index
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; SUMMER MONSOON; INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION;
TROPICAL CYCLONES; GENESIS; SEA; MECHANISMS
AB Monsoon onset vortex (OV) in the form of tropical cyclone is often observed in the pre-monsoon period and contributes to the subsequent abrupt establishment of summer monsoon over the Bay of Bengal (BoB). It is identified here that all historical OVs occurred during the convection-enhanced phase of the first northward-propagating intra-seasonal oscillation (FNISO). The individual contributions from the four large scale environmental fields associated with the intra-seasonal variations to the cyclone genesis are diagnosed with the aid of the genesis potential index. The significant moistening of mid-level atmosphere, which is embedded in the FNISO convection-enhanced phase, is shown to be the primary factor leading to the cyclone genesis. The water vapor budget analysis is further done to understand the governing process for the mid-level humidity increase. It is clearly seen that the vertical advection process, dominated by the anomalous vertical advection of the mean vertical water vapor gradient, plays the critical role. Hence the OVs are shown to be strongly modulated by FNISOs, both of which are important elements of the complex story of the BoB monsoon onset.
C1 [Li, Kuiping] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China.
[Li, Kuiping; Li, Zhi; Yang, Yang; Liu, Yanliang; Yu, Weidong] SOA, Inst Oceanog 1, Ctr Ocean & Climate Res, Qingdao 266061, Peoples R China.
[Li, Kuiping] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 10049, Peoples R China.
[Xiang, Baoqiang] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Xiang, Baoqiang] Univ Corp Atmospheric Res, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Yu, WD (reprint author), SOA, Inst Oceanog 1, Ctr Ocean & Climate Res, Qingdao 266061, Peoples R China.
EM wdyu@fio.org.cn
FU NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers [U1406404];
Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [2012DFB20210]; Basic
Scientific Fund for National Public Research Institutes of China
[2014G03, 2011G22]; NSFC [41005032]
FX This work was supported by NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science
Research Centers Grant No. U1406404, by Chinese Ministry of Science and
Technology under Contract No. 2012DFB20210, by the Basic Scientific Fund
for National Public Research Institutes of China Nos. 2014G03 and
2011G22, and by NSFC Grant No. 41005032.
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 1-2
BP 107
EP 115
DI 10.1007/s00382-015-2826-4
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT1FM
UT WOS:000381227100008
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, HK
Wang, CZ
AF Zhao, Haikun
Wang, Chunzai
TI Interdecadal modulation on the relationship between ENSO and typhoon
activity during the late season in the western North Pacific
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Interdecadal modulation; Pacific decadal oscillation; El Nino-Southern
Oscillation; Typhoon activity
ID TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY; NINO SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; EAST-ASIAN
CLIMATE; DECADAL OSCILLATION; EL-NINO; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; RAPID
INTENSIFICATION; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; GENESIS LOCATION; INTENSITY
AB The present study identifies an interdecadal modulation of the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) on the relationship between El Nino-Southern oscillation (ENSO) and typhoon activity during the late season (October-December) in the western North Pacific. The PDO is uncorrelated with ENSO during the warm phase of 1979-1997, while the PDO is positively correlated with ENSO during the cold phase of 1998-2012. Further analyses show that the warm phase is associated with the reduced ENSO-typhoon activity relationship and more typhoons, whereas the cold phase is corresponded to the enhanced ENSO-typhoon activity relationship and fewer typhoons. These variations are mainly manifested by a significant difference of typhoon activity in the southeastern part of the western North Pacific. Moreover, the change of ENSO-typhoon relationship is largely due to changes in large-scale environmental conditions especially from low-level vorticity and vertical wind shear between the two phases, which are related to the changes in tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature. The study implies that the phase of the PDO should be taken into account when ENSO is used as a predictor for predicting typhoon activity in the western North Pacific.
C1 [Zhao, Haikun] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Nanjing Int Acad Meteorol Sci, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster,Minist Educ, Pacific Typhoon Res Ctr,Earth Syst Modelling Ctr, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Chunzai] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Wang, CZ (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM Chunzai.Wang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009
OI Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41305050, 41275093,
41375098, 41475091]; National Basic Research Program of China
[2013CB430301, 2015CB452803]; Project of Global Change and Air-Sea
Interaction [GASI-03-IPOVAI-04]; Priority Academic Program Development
of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD); National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program Office; NOAA Atlantic
Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)
FX The authors thank Dr. Kevin Walsh from University of Melbourne in
Australia, Dr. Pao-Shin Chu from University of Hawaii in USA and Dr.
Liguang Wu from Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
in China for discussion and comments on the early stage of this
manuscript. This study was supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (41305050, 41275093, 41375098, 41475091), the
National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB430301, 2015CB452803),
the Project of Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction under contract No.
GASI-03-IPOVAI-04, the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu
Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program Office, and the base
funding of NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
(AOML). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the
author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding
agency.
NR 82
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 15
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 1-2
BP 315
EP 328
DI 10.1007/s00382-015-2837-1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT1FM
UT WOS:000381227100019
ER
PT J
AU Zanetti, LJ
Kessel, RL
Mauk, BH
Ukhorskiy, AY
Fox, NJ
Barnes, RJ
Weiss, M
Sotirelis, TS
Raouafi, N
AF Zanetti, Lawrence J.
Kessel, Ramona L.
Mauk, Barry H.
Ukhorskiy, Aleksandr Y.
Fox, Nicola J.
Barnes, Robin J.
Weiss, Michele
Sotirelis, Thomas S.
Raouafi, NourEddine
TI The Van Allen Probes' Contribution to the Space Weather System
SO JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST
LA English
DT Article
AB The Van Allen Probes mission, formerly the Radiation Belt Storm Probes mission, was renamed soon after launch to honor the late James Van Allen, who discovered Earth's radiation belts at the beginning of the space age. While most of the science data are telemetered to the ground using a store-and-then-dump schedule, some of the space weather data are broadcast continuously when the Probes are not sending down the science data (approximately 90% of the time). This space weather data set is captured by contributed ground stations around the world (presently Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute and the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Czech Republic), automatically sent to the ground facility at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, converted to scientific units, and published online in the form of digital data and plots-all within less than 15 minutes from the time that the data are accumulated onboard the Probes. The real-time Van Allen Probes space weather information is publicly accessible via the Van Allen Probes Gateway web interface.
C1 [Zanetti, Lawrence J.] APLs Space Explorat Sect, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Zanetti, Lawrence J.] NASA, Living Star LWS Program, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Zanetti, Lawrence J.] NASA Headquarters, Geospace Missions, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Zanetti, Lawrence J.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Zanetti, Lawrence J.] NASA, NEAR Magnetometer, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Kessel, Ramona L.] NASA Headquarters, Heliophys Div, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Kessel, Ramona L.; Mauk, Barry H.; Ukhorskiy, Aleksandr Y.; Sotirelis, Thomas S.] NASA, Van Allen Probes Mission, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Kessel, Ramona L.] NASA, Magnetospher Multiscale Mission, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Kessel, Ramona L.] NASA, TWINS Mission, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Mauk, Barry H.] APL Space Explorat Sect, Planetary Space Environm, Laurel, MD USA.
[Mauk, Barry H.] NASA, Juno Mission Polar Orbit Jupiter & Set Instrument, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Mauk, Barry H.] NASA, Voyager Mission Outer Planets & Beyond, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Mauk, Barry H.] NASA, Galileo Mission Jupiter, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Mauk, Barry H.] NASA, Phase B Port, TIMED Mission, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Ukhorskiy, Aleksandr Y.] APL Space Explorat Sect, Earths Space Environm & Theoret & Numer Modeling, Laurel, MD USA.
[Fox, Nicola J.; Raouafi, NourEddine] APL, Laurel, MD USA.
[Fox, Nicola J.] NASA Ctr, Van Allen Probes Mission, Washington, DC USA.
[Fox, Nicola J.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA.
[Fox, Nicola J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, USA Natl Res Council, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Fox, Nicola J.] Raytheon, NASA Polar Spacecraft & Int Solar Terr Phys Progr, Waltham, MA USA.
[Barnes, Robin J.] APL, Space Sect, Laurel, MD USA.
[Barnes, Robin J.] Van Allen Probes Mission, Washington, DC USA.
[Weiss, Michele] APL, TIMED GUVI Sci Payload Operat Ctr, VITMO, Laurel, MD USA.
[Weiss, Michele] APL, RBSP Sci Gateway, Laurel, MD USA.
[Weiss, Michele] Fairchild Def, Germantown, MD USA.
[Weiss, Michele] EER Syst, Birmingham, AL USA.
[Weiss, Michele] Litton Amecom, College Pk, MD USA.
[Sotirelis, Thomas S.] APL Space Explorat Sect, Phys Earths Space Environm, Laurel, MD USA.
[Raouafi, NourEddine] Natl Solar Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
[Raouafi, NourEddine] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, Gottingen, Germany.
RP Zanetti, LJ (reprint author), APLs Space Explorat Sect, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.; Zanetti, LJ (reprint author), NASA, Living Star LWS Program, Washington, DC 20546 USA.; Zanetti, LJ (reprint author), NASA Headquarters, Geospace Missions, Washington, DC 20546 USA.; Zanetti, LJ (reprint author), NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.; Zanetti, LJ (reprint author), NASA, NEAR Magnetometer, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
EM larry.zanetti@jhuapl.edu
RI Fox, Nicola/P-6692-2016; Mauk, Barry/E-8420-2017
OI Fox, Nicola/0000-0003-3411-4228; Mauk, Barry/0000-0001-9789-3797
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV
PI LAUREL
PA APPLIED PHYSICS LABORATORY ATTN: TECHNICAL DIGEST JOHN HOPKINS RD, BLDG
1W-131, LAUREL, MD 20723-6099 USA
SN 0270-5214
EI 1930-0530
J9 J HOPKINS APL TECH D
JI Johns Hopkins APL Tech. Dig.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 3
BP 194
EP 201
PG 8
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering
GA DT4PI
UT WOS:000381462800005
ER
PT J
AU Staten, PW
Kahn, BH
Schreier, MM
Heidinger, AK
AF Staten, Paul W.
Kahn, Brian H.
Schreier, Mathias M.
Heidinger, Andrew K.
TI Subpixel Characterization of HIRS Spectral Radiances Using Cloud
Properties from AVHRR
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID INFRARED RADIATION SOUNDER; PATMOS-X; BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES;
TOP-HEIGHT; ALGORITHM; CLIMATE; CHANNELS; ISCCP; MODIS; CALIBRATION
AB This paper describes a cloud type radiance record derived from NOAA polar-orbiting weather satellites using cloud properties retrieved from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and spectral brightness temperatures (Tb) observed by the High Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS). The authors seek to produce a seamless, global-scale, long-term record of cloud type and Tb statistics intended to better characterize clouds from seasonal to decadal time scales. Herein, the methodology is described in which the cloud type statistics retrieved from AVHRR are interpolated onto each HIRS footprint using two cloud classification methods. This approach is tested over the northeast tropical and subtropical Pacific Ocean region, which contains a wide variety of cloud types during a significant ENSO variation from 2008 to 2009. It is shown that the Tb histograms sorted by cloud type are realistic for all HIRS channels. The magnitude of Tb biases among spatially coincident satellite intersections over the northeast Pacific is a function of cloud type and wavelength. While the sign of the bias can change, the magnitudes are generally small for NOAA-18 and NOAA-19, and NOAA-19 and MetOp-A intersections. The authors further show that the differences between calculated standard deviations of cloud-typed Tb well exceed intersatellite calibration uncertainties. The authors argue that consideration of higher-order statistical moments determined from spectral infrared observations may serve as a useful long-term measure of small-scale spatial changes, in particular cloud types over the HIRS-AVHRR observing record.
C1 [Staten, Paul W.] Indiana Univ, 1001 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Kahn, Brian H.; Schreier, Mathias M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Heidinger, Andrew K.] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Madison, WI USA.
RP Staten, PW (reprint author), Indiana Univ, 1001 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM pwstaten@indiana.edu
RI Heidinger, Andrew/F-5591-2010
OI Heidinger, Andrew/0000-0001-7631-109X
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NASA Satellite
Calibration Interconsistency Studies program [NNN13D968T]
FX Portions of the research described in this paper were carried out at the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology,
under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
P. W. Staten, B. H. Kahn, and M. M. Schreier were supported by the NASA
Satellite Calibration Interconsistency Studies program under Grant
NNN13D968T directed by Lucia Tsaoussi. The HIRS and AVHRR level 1b data
were processed and obtained from the NOAA Comprehensive Large Array-Data
Stewardship System (http://www.class.ngdc.noaa.gov). NCEP reanalysis
data are provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL/PSD, Boulder, Colorado
(http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/). The authors thank Hai-Tien Lee and Paul
Menzel for their expertise and helpful discussions, as well as three
anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Government sponsorship
is acknowledged.
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 7
BP 1519
EP 1538
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-15-0187.1
PG 20
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT3XR
UT WOS:000381415000005
ER
PT J
AU Glocer, A
Rastatter, L
Kuznetsova, M
Pulkkinen, A
Singer, HJ
Balch, C
Weimer, D
Welling, D
Wiltberger, M
Raeder, J
Weigel, RS
McCollough, J
Wing, S
AF Glocer, A.
Rastatter, L.
Kuznetsova, M.
Pulkkinen, A.
Singer, H. J.
Balch, C.
Weimer, D.
Welling, D.
Wiltberger, M.
Raeder, J.
Weigel, R. S.
McCollough, J.
Wing, S.
TI Community-wide validation of geospace model local K-index predictions to
support model transition to operations
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLAR-WIND; SYSTEMS
AB We present the latest result of a community-wide space weather model validation effort coordinated among the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC), NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC), model developers, and the broader science community. Validation of geospace models is a critical activity for both building confidence in the science results produced by the models and in assessing the suitability of the models for transition to operations. Indeed, a primary motivation of this work is supporting NOAA/SWPC's effort to select a model or models to be transitioned into operations. Our validation efforts focus on the ability of the models to reproduce a regional index of geomagnetic disturbance, the local K-index. Our analysis includes six events representing a range of geomagnetic activity conditions and six geomagnetic observatories representing midlatitude and high-latitude locations. Contingency tables, skill scores, and distribution metrics are used for the quantitative analysis of model performance. We consider model performance on an event-by-event basis, aggregated over events, at specific station locations, and separated into high-latitude and midlatitude domains. A summary of results is presented in this report, and an online tool for detailed analysis is available at the CCMC.
C1 [Glocer, A.; Rastatter, L.; Kuznetsova, M.; Pulkkinen, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Singer, H. J.; Balch, C.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Weimer, D.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Ctr Space Sci & Engn Res, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Welling, D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Wiltberger, M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Raeder, J.] Univ New Hampshire, Space Sci Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Raeder, J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Weigel, R. S.] George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[McCollough, J.] Air Force Res Lab, Kirtland AFB, NM USA.
[Wing, S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA.
RP Glocer, A (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM alex.glocer-1@nasa.gov
RI Wiltberger, Michael/B-8781-2008; McCollough, James/A-2489-2016
OI Wiltberger, Michael/0000-0002-4844-3148; McCollough,
James/0000-0003-3615-8857
FU National Science Foundation
FX The data from the ground-based magnetic observatories was critical to
this study. As such, we thank the institutions that support those
observatories as well as INTERMAGNET for promoting high standards of
practice (www.intermagnet.org). The National Center for Atmospheric
Research is supported by the National Science Foundation. All model
output used in the analysis is available through the CCMC as described
in the manuscript.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 14
IS 7
BP 469
EP 480
DI 10.1002/2016SW001387
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA DV5SS
UT WOS:000382990100002
ER
PT J
AU Stewart, MD
Zimmerman, NM
AF Stewart, M. D., Jr.
Zimmerman, Neil M.
TI Stability of Single Electron Devices: Charge Offset Drift
SO APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
LA English
DT Review
DE single electron devices; charge offset drift; stability
ID QUANTUM DOTS; SPIN QUBIT; SILICON; TRANSISTOR; FIDELITY; STANDARD;
READOUT; GLASSES; AMPERE; PUMPS
AB Single electron devices (SEDs) afford the opportunity to isolate and manipulate individual electrons. This ability imbues SEDs with potential applications in a wide array of areas from metrology (current and capacitance) to quantum information. Success in each application ultimately requires exceptional performance, uniformity, and stability from SEDs which is currently unavailable. In this review, we discuss a time instability of SEDs that occurs at low frequency (<< 1 Hz) called charge offset drift. We review experimental work which shows that charge offset drift is large in metal-based SEDs and absent in Si-SiO2-based devices. We discuss the experimental results in the context of glassy relaxation as well as prospects of SED device applications.
C1 [Stewart, M. D., Jr.; Zimmerman, Neil M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Stewart, MD; Zimmerman, NM (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM michael.stewart@nist.gov; neil.zimmerman@nist.gov
NR 54
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 12
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2076-3417
J9 APPL SCI-BASEL
JI Appl. Sci.-Basel
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 7
AR 187
DI 10.3390/app6070187
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA DT5AG
UT WOS:000381492300004
ER
PT J
AU Webster, TA
Dawson, SM
Rayment, WJ
Parks, SE
Van Parijs, SM
AF Webster, Trudi A.
Dawson, Stephen M.
Rayment, William J.
Parks, Susan E.
Van Parijs, Sofie M.
TI Quantitative analysis of the acoustic repertoire of southern right
whales in New Zealand
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALES; SURFACE-ACTIVE GROUPS; EUBALAENA-GLACIALIS;
RANDOM FORESTS; WINTERING GROUNDS; SOUND PRODUCTION; CONTACT CALLS;
AMBIENT NOISE; CLASSIFICATION; VOCALIZATIONS
AB Quantitatively describing the acoustic repertoire of a species is important for establishing effective passive acoustic monitoring programs and developing automated call detectors. This process is particularly important when the study site is remote and visual surveys are not cost effective. Little is known about the vocal behavior of southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) in New Zealand. The aim of this study was to describe and quantify their entire vocal repertoire on calving grounds in the sub-Antarctic Auckland Islands. Over three austral winters (2010-2012), 4349 calls were recorded, measured, and classified into 10 call types. The most frequently observed types were pulsive, upcall, and tonal low vocalizations. A long tonal low call (<= 15.5 s duration) and a very high call (peak frequency similar to 750 Hz) were described for the first time. Random Forest multivariate analysis of 28 measured variables was used to classify calls with a high degree of accuracy (82%). The most important variables for classification were maximum ceiling frequency, number of inflection points, duration, and the difference between the start and end frequency. This classification system proved to be a repeatable, fast, and objective method for categorising right whale calls and shows promise for other vocal taxa. (C) 2016 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 [Webster, Trudi A.; Dawson, Stephen M.; Rayment, William J.] Univ Otago, Dept Marine Sci, 310 Castle St, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
[Parks, Susan E.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Biol, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
[Van Parijs, Sofie M.] NOAA, Protected Species Branch, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Webster, Trudi A.] Otago Museum, 419 Great King St, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
RP Webster, TA (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dept Marine Sci, 310 Castle St, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
EM trudi.webster@otago.ac.nz
OI Dawson, Stephen/0000-0003-3182-0186
FU Foundation for Research Science and Technology; Otago Museum; University
of Otago; New Zealand Whale and Dolphin Trust
FX This project was generously funded by the Foundation for Research
Science and Technology, Otago Museum, University of Otago, and New
Zealand Whale and Dolphin Trust. We thank the crew of Polaris II (Bill
Dickson, Phil Heseltine, Steve Little, Evan Kenton, and Steve King) for
their excellent support in the field and the staff at the Marine Science
Department for logistical support. Department of Conservation staff,
including Pete McLelland, Doug Veint, Jo Hiscock, and Gilly Adam were
very helpful, providing assistance with permitting and quarantine
procedures. Thanks to Dani Cholewiak and Denise Risch for helpful advice
at all stages. T.A.W. was supported by a Ph.D. scholarship and
publishing bursary from the University of Otago. The research was
conducted under Marine Mammal Permit Per/NO/2010/05.
NR 66
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 12
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 140
IS 1
BP 322
EP 333
DI 10.1121/1.4955066
PG 12
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA DU7PG
UT WOS:000382406500054
PM 27475156
ER
PT J
AU Baker, JD
Harting, AL
Barbieri, MM
Johanos, TC
Robinson, SJ
Littnan, CL
AF Baker, Jason D.
Harting, Albert L.
Barbieri, Michelle M.
Johanos, Thea C.
Robinson, Stacie J.
Littnan, Charles L.
TI ESTIMATING CONTACT RATES OF HAWAIIAN MONK SEALS (NEOMONACHUS
SCHAUINSLANDI) USING SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Association data; contact rates; Hawaiian monk seal; social network
analysis
ID MONACHUS-SCHAUINSLANDI; DISTEMPER VIRUS; PATHOGEN TRANSMISSION; DISEASE
DYNAMICS; WILDLIFE; BEHAVIOR
AB Understanding disease transmission dynamics, which are in part mediated by rates and patterns of social contact, is fundamental to predicting the likelihood, rate of spread, impacts, and mitigation of disease outbreaks in wildlife populations. Contact rates, which are important parameters required for epidemiologic models, are difficult to estimate. The endangered Hawaiian monk seal (Neomonachus schauinslandi) may be particularly vulnerable to morbillivirus outbreaks, due to its low abundance, lack of genetic diversity, and history of isolation from mammalian diseases. Morbillivirus epizootics have had devastating effects on other seal populations. We constructed social networks based on visual observations of individually identifiable monk seals associating onshore to estimate contact rates, assuming random mixing, and also to investigate contact patterns of different age and sex classes. Contact rates estimated from two island populations in 4 yr were remarkably similar, indicating any two individuals have about a one in 1,000 chance of making contact on any given day. Further, contact patterns within and among age and sex classes were statistically different from random. The methods we used could be broadly applied to empirically derive contact rates using association data. These rates are critical for epidemiologic modelling to simulate wildlife disease outbreaks and to inform science-based prevention and mitigation programs.
C1 [Baker, Jason D.; Barbieri, Michelle M.; Johanos, Thea C.; Robinson, Stacie J.; Littnan, Charles L.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1845 Wasp Blvd 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Harting, Albert L.] Harting Biol Consulting, 8898 Sandy Creek Lane, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Baker, JD (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1845 Wasp Blvd 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
EM jason.baker@noaa.gov
NR 41
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U1 17
U2 17
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 3
BP 533
EP 543
DI 10.7589/2015-10-286
PG 11
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA DT5NA
UT WOS:000381528700010
PM 27195686
ER
PT J
AU Li, L
Chang, MF
Yi, H
Jia, MH
Cao, XD
Zhou, ZN
Zhang, SJ
Pan, HF
Shih, CW
Jimenez, R
Xu, JH
AF Li, Lei
Chang, Mengfang
Yi, Hua
Jia, Menghui
Cao, Xiaodan
Zhou, Zhongneng
Zhang, Sanjun
Pan, Haifeng
Shih, Chun-Wei
Jimenez, Ralph
Xu, Jianhua
TI Using Pyridinium Styryl Dyes as the Standards of Time-Resolved
Instrument Response
SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fluorescence quenching; instrument response function (IRF); pyridinium
styryl dyes; time-resolved fluorescence
ID FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; DETECTORS; DECAYS; PHOTON; WATER
AB In this paper, two pyridinium styryl dyes, [2-(4-dimethylamino-phenyl)-vinyl]-1-methylpyridinium iodide (DASPMI), were synthesized and characterized by steady state fluorescence spectroscopy as well as picosecond and femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopies. Both dyes exhibit large Stokes shifts and fluorescence decays equivalent to the instrument response function (IRF) standards employed in time-correlated single-photon counting. Due to their styryl and pyridinium moieties, DASPMIs have higher peak fluorescence intensity and shorter excited-state lifetimes than iodide ion-quenched fluorophores. The fluorescence lifetimes of o-DASPMI and p-DASPMI were measured to be 6.6 ps and 12.4 ps, respectively. The fluorescence transients of these DASPMIs were used as the IRFs for iterative reconvolution fitting of the time-resolved fluorescence decay profiles of Rhodamine B (RhB), sulforhodamine B (SRB), and the SRB-SRB2m RNA aptamer complex. The quality of the fits employing the DASPMI-derived IRFs are consistently equivalent to those employing IRFs obtained from light scattering. These results indicate that DASPMI-derived IRFs may be suited for a broad range of applications in time-resolved spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), especially in the visible emission range.
C1 [Li, Lei; Chang, Mengfang; Yi, Hua; Jia, Menghui; Cao, Xiaodan; Zhou, Zhongneng; Zhang, Sanjun; Pan, Haifeng; Xu, Jianhua] East China Normal Univ, State Key Lab Precis Spect, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.
[Shih, Chun-Wei; Jimenez, Ralph] Univ Colorado, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Zhang, SJ (reprint author), East China Normal Univ, State Key Lab Precis Spect, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.
EM sjzhang@phy.ecnu.edu.cn
RI Zhang, Sanjun/Q-6033-2016
OI Zhang, Sanjun/0000-0002-7377-2429
FU National Science Foundation of China [61108077, 61178085, 6141001145];
Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality [15520711500,
15ZR1411700]; Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to
Universities [B12024]; NIST
FX We thank Xiaoshi Hu and Bingwen Hu for their assistance in material
characterization. This work was partly supported by the National Science
Foundation of China (61108077, 61178085, 6141001145), the Science and
Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (15520711500,
15ZR1411700), the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to
Universities (B12024), and NIST. RJ is a staff member in the Quantum
Physics Division of NIST. This work was supported by NIST. Experimental
equipment and reagents identified in this paper are provided so that
this work may be replicated elsewhere and are not recommended or
endorsed by NIST.
NR 22
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U1 3
U2 4
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0003-7028
EI 1943-3530
J9 APPL SPECTROSC
JI Appl. Spectrosc.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 70
IS 7
BP 1195
EP 1201
DI 10.1177/0003702816652363
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
GA DS8MU
UT WOS:000381038300011
PM 27231333
ER
PT J
AU Villafana, TE
Delaney, JK
Warren, WS
Fischer, MC
AF Villafana, Tana E.
Delaney, John K.
Warren, Warren S.
Fischer, Martin C.
TI High-resolution, three-dimensional imaging of pigments and support in
paper and textiles
SO JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Optical microscopy; Nonlinear optical imaging; Laser scanning
microscopy; Pigment spectroscopy
ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; IN-SITU; ILLUMINATED MANUSCRIPTS; PAINT
BINDERS; MICROSCOPY; IDENTIFICATION; FIBERS; DOCUMENTS; COLLAGEN
AB Historic works on paper, illuminated (painted) or unpainted manuscripts, and textiles are fragile and nearly impossible to sample. Non-invasive techniques such as visible microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, Raman, and reflectance spectroscopy are commonly used to determine the artist material present. Recently, nonlinear optical ultrafast pump-probe microscopy was shown to provide non-invasive, high resolution mapping of pigments in historic paintings to investigate paint stratigraphy. In this paper, we combine our pump-probe contrast with nonlinear fluorescence and second-harmonic generation contrasts exhibited by fibrous supports composed of natural bio-materials (cellulose, collagen, or lignin). Hence, our multi-modal nonlinear microscope is able to simultaneously investigate pigments in conjunction with their support in three dimensions with micrometer-scale spatial resolution. Here we examine the utility of nonlinear pump-probe microscopy by studying a series of mock-up samples, including indigo-dyed cotton cloth, ultramarine blue painted on various types of paper, and papers painted with mixtures and layers of the two pigments. In each case we find that we can combine pump-probe pigment contrast with nonlinear optical fiber contrast to obtain spatial information that is otherwise unavailable to the conservator. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
C1 [Villafana, Tana E.; Warren, Warren S.; Fischer, Martin C.] Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Villafana, Tana E.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Delaney, John K.] Natl Gallery Art, Sci Res Dept, Washington, DC 20565 USA.
RP Fischer, MC (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM tana.villafana@nist.gov; j-delaney@nga.gov; warren.warren@duke.edu;
martin.fischer@duke.edu
FU National Science Foundation Division of Chemistry [1309017]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation Division of Chemistry under Award No. 1309017 (MCF). The
authors acknowledge the National Gallery of Art, Washington DC, for
infrastructure support, especially Kimberly Schenck (paper conservation)
for preparation of the samples and Michael Palmer (department of
scientific research) for advice and guidance.
NR 33
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U1 21
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
PI PARIS
PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 1296-2074
EI 1778-3674
J9 J CULT HERIT
JI J. Cult. Herit.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2016
VL 20
SI SI
BP 583
EP 588
DI 10.1016/j.culher.2016.02.003
PG 6
WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Analytical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy
SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Geology; Materials Science; Spectroscopy
GA DT7ZQ
UT WOS:000381707500002
ER
PT J
AU Heigel, JC
Michaleris, P
Palmer, TA
AF Heigel, Jarred C.
Michaleris, Pan
Palmer, Todd A.
TI Measurement of forced surface convection in directed energy deposition
additive manufacturing
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART B-JOURNAL OF
ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; finite element analysis; convection measurement;
heat transfer; directed energy deposition
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; HEAT-TRANSFER; RESIDUAL-STRESS; IMPINGING JET;
FLAT SURFACE; SIMULATION; FLOW; TEMPERATURE; DISTORTION; FIELDS
AB The accurate modeling of thermal gradients and distortion generated by directed energy deposition additive manufacturing requires a thorough understanding of the underlying physical processes. One area that has the potential to significantly affect the accuracy of thermomechanical simulations is the complex forced convection created by the inert gas jets that are used to deliver metal powder to the melt pool and to shield the laser optics and the molten material. These jets act on part surfaces with higher temperatures than those in similar processes such as welding and consequently have a greater impact on the prevailing heat transfer mechanisms. A methodology is presented here which uses hot-film sensors and constant voltage anemometry to measure the forced convection generated during additive manufacturing processes. This methodology is then demonstrated by characterizing the convection generated by a Precitec((R)) YC50 deposition head under conditions commonly encountered in additive manufacturing. Surface roughness, nozzle configuration, and surface orientation are shown to have the greatest impact on the convection measurements, while the impact from the flow rate is negligible.
C1 [Heigel, Jarred C.; Michaleris, Pan] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Michaleris, Pan] Pan Comp LLC, State Coll, PA USA.
[Palmer, Todd A.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Heigel, JC (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jarred.heigel@gmail.com
FU National Science Foundation [DGE1255832]; Office of Naval Research
through the Naval Sea Systems Command [N00024-02-D-6604, 0611]
FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for
the research and/or authorship of this article: J.C. Heigel is supported
by the National Science Foundation under grant no. DGE1255832. This
article is based upon work supported by the Office of Naval Research
through the Naval Sea Systems Command under contract no.
N00024-02-D-6604, delivery order no. 0611. Any opinions, findings, and
conclusions or recommendations expressed in this article are those of
the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Office of
Naval Research or the National Science Foundation.
NR 39
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U1 16
U2 16
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0954-4054
EI 2041-2975
J9 P I MECH ENG B-J ENG
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B-J. Eng. Manuf.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 230
IS 7
BP 1295
EP 1308
DI 10.1177/0954405415599928
PG 14
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA DS7KI
UT WOS:000380962000012
ER
PT J
AU Ralph, FM
Prather, KA
Cayan, D
Spackman, JR
DeMott, P
Dettinger, M
Fairall, C
Leung, R
Rosenfeld, D
Rutledge, S
Waliser, D
White, AB
Cordeira, J
Martin, A
Helly, J
Intrieri, J
AF Ralph, F. M.
Prather, K. A.
Cayan, D.
Spackman, J. R.
DeMott, P.
Dettinger, M.
Fairall, C.
Leung, R.
Rosenfeld, D.
Rutledge, S.
Waliser, D.
White, A. B.
Cordeira, J.
Martin, A.
Helly, J.
Intrieri, J.
TI CALWATER FIELD STUDIES DESIGNED TO QUANTIFY THE ROLES OF ATMOSPHERIC
RIVERS AND AEROSOLS IN MODULATING US WEST COAST PRECIPITATION IN A
CHANGING CLIMATE
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER-VAPOR SIGNATURE; SIERRA BARRIER JETS; UNITED-STATES; OROGRAPHIC
PRECIPITATION; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; AIR-POLLUTION; PACIFIC; STORM;
WINTER; SATELLITE
C1 [Ralph, F. M.; Prather, K. A.; Cayan, D.; Dettinger, M.; Martin, A.; Helly, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr,Ste 0224, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Cayan, D.; Dettinger, M.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Spackman, J. R.] Sci & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO USA.
[Spackman, J. R.; Fairall, C.; White, A. B.; Intrieri, J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[DeMott, P.; Rutledge, S.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Leung, R.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Dept Energy, Richland, WA USA.
[Rosenfeld, D.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
[Waliser, D.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Cordeira, J.] Plymouth State Univ, Plymouth, NH USA.
[Helly, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Super Comp Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Ralph, FM (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr,Ste 0224, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM mralph@ucsd.edu
RI Rosenfeld, Daniel/F-6077-2016; Prather, Kimberly/A-3892-2008
OI Rosenfeld, Daniel/0000-0002-0784-7656; Prather,
Kimberly/0000-0003-3048-9890
FU California Energy Commission (CEC); NOAA's Physical Sciences Division;
NOAA; DOE; NSF; California's Department of Water Resources; UC San
Diego's Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Center for Western Weather
and Water Extremes; Science and Technology Corporation
FX The CalWater-1 study from 2009 to 2011 was sponsored primarily by the
California Energy Commission (CEC) and NOAA's Physical Sciences
Division. The programmatic leadership of Guido Franco and Joe O'Hagan of
CEC were central to the success of the experiment. Major field
deployments for CalWater-2 (2014-16) are sponsored primarily by NOAA,
DOE, and NSF, with additional facilities provided by NASA. The entire
CalWater program of field studies leverages the unique ground-based
extreme precipitation-observing network sponsored by California's
Department of Water Resources. Planning has been heavily sponsored by UC
San Diego's Scripps Institution of Oceanography and by the Center for
Western Weather and Water Extremes, as well as Science and Technology
Corporation. The knowledge and major effort of innumerable engineering,
aircraft, ship, and technical support staff were vital to the
development and execution of CalWater over the last several years.
NR 63
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U1 14
U2 17
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 7
BP 1209
EP 1228
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00043.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT7GF
UT WOS:000381654400013
ER
PT J
AU Theurich, G
DeLuca, C
Campbell, T
Liu, F
Saint, K
Vertenstein, M
Chen, J
Oehmke, R
Doyle, J
Whitcomb, T
Wallcraft, A
Iredell, M
Black, T
da Silva, AM
Clune, T
Ferraro, R
Li, P
Kelley, M
Aleinov, I
Balaji, V
Zadeh, N
Jacob, R
Kirtman, B
Giraldo, F
McCarren, D
Sandgathe, S
Peckham, S
Dunlap, R
AF Theurich, Gerhard
DeLuca, C.
Campbell, T.
Liu, F.
Saint, K.
Vertenstein, M.
Chen, J.
Oehmke, R.
Doyle, J.
Whitcomb, T.
Wallcraft, A.
Iredell, M.
Black, T.
da Silva, A. M.
Clune, T.
Ferraro, R.
Li, P.
Kelley, M.
Aleinov, I.
Balaji, V.
Zadeh, N.
Jacob, R.
Kirtman, B.
Giraldo, F.
McCarren, D.
Sandgathe, S.
Peckham, S.
Dunlap, R.
TI THE EARTH SYSTEM PREDICTION SUITE Toward a Coordinated US Modeling
Capability
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC SIMULATIONS; COUPLING TECHNOLOGIES; COAMPS-TC; CLIMATE;
COMMUNITY; DESIGN; FRAMEWORK; ARCHITECTURE; DISSIPATION; WEATHER
C1 [Theurich, Gerhard; Chen, J.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA USA.
[DeLuca, C.; Oehmke, R.; Dunlap, R.] NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[DeLuca, C.; Oehmke, R.; Dunlap, R.] CIRES, Boulder, CO USA.
[Campbell, T.; Wallcraft, A.] Naval Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
[Liu, F.; Saint, K.] Cherokee Serv Grp, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Vertenstein, M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA.
[Doyle, J.; Whitcomb, T.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Iredell, M.; Black, T.] NOAA NWS NCEP Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[da Silva, A. M.; Clune, T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Ferraro, R.; Li, P.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Kelley, M.; Aleinov, I.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, New York, NY USA.
[Balaji, V.; Zadeh, N.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Balaji, V.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Zadeh, N.] Engil Inc, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Jacob, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL USA.
[Kirtman, B.] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA.
[Giraldo, F.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
[McCarren, D.] Naval Meteorol & Oceanog, Naval Meteorol & Oceanog Command, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Sandgathe, S.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Peckham, S.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP DeLuca, C (reprint author), NOAA CIRES, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM cecelia.deluca@noaa.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Computational Modeling
Algorithms and Cyberinfrastructure program [NNX12AP51G, NNX16AB20G];
National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Modeling Analysis and
Prediction program [NNX11AL82G]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Climate Program Office; National Weather Service
[NA15OAR4310103, NA12OAR4320137]; Department of Defense Office of Naval
Research [N00014-13-1-0508, N00014-13-1-0845]; High Performance
Computing Modernization Program [PP-CWO-KY06-001-P3]; National Science
Foundation [1343811]; Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, located
in the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory - Office of Science (BER) of the Department of Energy; NASA
Center for Climate Simulation; NOAA Environmental Security Computer
Center; Cooperative Institute for Climate Science, Princeton University
from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S.
Department of Commerce [NA080AR4320752]
FX The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Computational
Modeling Algorithms and Cyberinfrastructure program provides support for
ESMF, the Cupid Integrated Development Environment, and integration of
ESMF and the NUOPC Layer with ModelE (NNX12AP51G, NNX16AB20G). The
National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Modeling Analysis and
Prediction program supports ESMF and the integration of ESMF and the
NUOPC Layer with the GEOS-5 model (NNX11AL82G). The National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration Climate Program Office provides support for
ESMF and the development of the Climate Forecast System using NUOPC
Layer tools. The National Weather Service supports ESMF and NUOPC Layer
development, and development of the Next Generation Global Prediction
System using NUOPC Layer tools (NA15OAR4310103, NA12OAR4320137). The
Department of Defense Office of Naval Research supports ESMF and NUOPC
development, including adaption for emerging computer architectures, and
the integration of the NUOPC Layer into the Community Earth System Model
and Navy models (N00014-13-1-0508, N00014-13-1-0845). The High
Performance Computing Modernization Program provides support for
development of asynchronous I/O capabilities in ESMF
(PP-CWO-KY06-001-P3). The National Science Foundation provided support
for early development of ESMF and support for integration of hydrology
and land components into NEMS (1343811). Computing resources for testing
infrastructure and implementing it in applications were provided by the
National Center for Atmospheric Research Computational and Information
Systems Laboratory (CISL), sponsored by the National Science Foundation
and other agencies; the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, located
in the National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science (BER) of the
Department of Energy; the NASA Center for Climate Simulation; and the
NOAA Environmental Security Computer Center. V. Balaji is supported by
the Cooperative Institute for Climate Science, Princeton University,
under Award NA080AR4320752 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. The statements, findings,
conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of Princeton University, the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or the U.S. Department of
Commerce. The authors thank Richard Rood and Anthony Craig for their
insightful comments on the original manuscript, Donald Anderson for his
guidance and advocacy, and Matthew Rothstein for his contributions to
understanding the performance of NUOPC modeling applications.
NR 75
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U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 7
BP 1229
EP 1247
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00164.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT7GF
UT WOS:000381654400014
ER
PT J
AU Lyons, ET
Kuzmina, TA
Spraker, TR
Melin, SR
DeLong, RL
AF Lyons, Eugene T.
Kuzmina, Tetiana A.
Spraker, Terry R.
Melin, Sharon R.
DeLong, Robert L.
TI Hookworms (Uncinaria lyonsi) in Dead California Sea Lion (Zalophus
californianus) Pups and Sand in Winter (2014-2015) on San Miguel Island,
California
SO COMPARATIVE PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE hookworms; Uncinaria lyonsi; free-living larvae; California sea lion
pups; San Miguel Island; California
ID NORTHERN FUR-SEAL; CALLORHINUS-URSINUS; NEMATODA; SPP.;
ANCYLOSTOMATIDAE; PREVALENCE; BIOLOGY
AB Necropsy of dead California sea lion (CSL) (Zalophus californianus) pups (n = 20) born in 2014 was done on San Miguel Island, California, in December 2014 and February 2015. The main objective was to obtain data on prevalence/intensity of hookworms (Uncinaria lyonsi) in pups at that time of the year and to compare the results with data from previous studies conducted in December, January, and February. Fourteen dead pups were examined for adult hookworms in December 2014; all pups were infected (prevalence = 100%) with intensity from 6 to 140 (average 58.9 +/- 38.9 SD) nematodes per host. Six dead pups were examined in February 2015. Hookworms were present in the intestines of 2 pups (prevalence=33%); two adult female worms were found in each infected pup. From 1 to 23 (average 7.5) parasitic larvae (L-3) were found in the blubber of 4 pups. The findings in this study (2014-2015) verify, from earlier observation, that adult U. lyonsi are shed by pups by late February. The prevalence of parasitic L3 in blubber of pups in February has not been previously reported. Sand samples collected in February 2015 from 4 rookery sites were positive for free-living third-stage hookworm larvae, resulting from eggs passed in feces of CSL or northern fur seal pups inhabiting the same rookeries.
C1 [Lyons, Eugene T.] Univ Kentucky, Gluck Equine Res Ctr, Dept Vet Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
[Kuzmina, Tetiana A.] NAS Ukraine, Inst Zool, Vul B Khmelnytskogo 15, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Spraker, Terry R.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Melin, Sharon R.; DeLong, Robert L.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Lyons, ET (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Gluck Equine Res Ctr, Dept Vet Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA.
EM elyons1@uky.edu; taniak@izan.kiev.ua; Terry.Spraker@colostate.edu;
sharon.melin@noaa.gov; Robert.Delong@noaa.gov
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOC WASHINGTON
PI LAWRENCE
PA C/O ALLEN PRESS INC, 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, ACCT# 141866, LAWRENCE, KS
66044 USA
SN 1525-2647
EI 1938-2952
J9 COMP PARASITOL
JI Comp. Parasitol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 83
IS 2
BP 283
EP 286
PG 4
WC Parasitology; Zoology
SC Parasitology; Zoology
GA DT8WD
UT WOS:000381775500023
ER
PT J
AU Snay, RA
Freymueller, JT
Craymer, MR
Pearson, CF
Saleh, J
AF Snay, Richard A.
Freymueller, Jeffrey T.
Craymer, Michael R.
Pearson, Chris F.
Saleh, Jarir
TI Modeling 3-D crustal velocities in the United States and Canada
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE tectonic deformation; nontectonic deformation; reference systems;
satellite geodesy results
ID NORTH-AMERICA; ACTIVE TECTONICS; WESTERN MARGIN; WATER STORAGE; GPS;
DEFORMATION; CALIFORNIA; ALASKA; UPLIFT; DEGLACIATION
AB A numerical model for three-dimensional (3-D) crustal velocities has been derived for most of the United States and Canada, primarily from repeated geodetic data. This model provides a foundation for a prototype of the TRANS4D software. TRANS4D is being developed to enable geospatial professionals and others to transform 3-D positional coordinates across time. The derived model reveals several macroscopic features of the 3-D velocity field, including the pervasive presence of the glacial isostatic adjustment associated with the past melting of the ice fields that formed more than 19,000years ago during the Last Glacial Maximum. In this study, the present-day 3-D velocity field associated with this melting (as estimated via the recently published ICE-6G_C (VM5a) model) was subtracted from this study's total 3-D velocity field to identify features of the residual velocity field. In particular, this study introduces the NA_ICE-6G reference frame in which residual horizontal velocities have magnitudes that are less than 2mm/yr everywhere east of longitude 104 degrees W and south of latitude 60 degrees N, except in southern Texas. Residual horizontal velocities of greater magnitude are found west and/or north of these two boundaries, and they are due mostly to interactions among tectonic plates with localized pockets due to other geophysical phenomena. Large residual vertical velocities, some with values exceeding 30mm/yr, are found in southeastern Alaska. The uplift occurring here is due to present-day melting of glaciers and ice fields formed during the Little Ice Age glacial advance that occurred between 1550A.D. and 1850A.D.
C1 [Snay, Richard A.] Natl Geodet Survey, Montgomery Village, MD 20886 USA.
[Freymueller, Jeffrey T.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Craymer, Michael R.] Nat Resources Canada, Geodet Survey Div, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Pearson, Chris F.] Univ Otago, Surveying Dept, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[Saleh, Jarir] Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Snay, RA (reprint author), Natl Geodet Survey, Montgomery Village, MD 20886 USA.
EM rssnay@aol.com
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [DG-133C-12-SE-2355]
FX The authors thank the many people and institutions that were involved in
collecting and/or processing the geodetic data included in this study.
The authors also thank Zuheir Altamimi, Tomas Soler, and an anonymous
reviewer for suggestions that improved the presentation of this paper.
This work was supported, in part, by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (DG-133C-12-SE-2355). The figures have been
drawn using Generic Mapping Tools [Wessel and Smith, 1998]. The
supporting information associated with this paper includes (a)
Fortran-90 source code for Version 0.1 of the TRANS4D software (Software
S1); (b) TRANS4D's Users Guide (Supporting Information S1); (c) stage-2
velocities for relevant geodetic sites (Data Set S1); and (d) statistics
for the 157 geodetic sites involved in estimating the parameters for six
transformations, each to the "stable" part of a specified tectonic plate
(Data Set S2).
NR 53
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U1 6
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 7
BP 5365
EP 5388
DI 10.1002/2016JB012884
PG 24
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DT6XF
UT WOS:000381627500029
ER
PT J
AU Ralph, FM
Cordeira, JM
Neiman, PJ
Hughes, M
AF Ralph, F. Martin
Cordeira, Jason M.
Neiman, Paul J.
Hughes, Mimi
TI Landfalling Atmospheric Rivers, the Sierra Barrier Jet, and Extreme
Daily Precipitation in Northern California's Upper Sacramento River
Watershed
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OROGRAPHIC PRECIPITATION; NEVADA MOUNTAINS; WEST-COAST; SATELLITE;
MOISTURE; IMPACTS; NETWORK; EVENTS; WINTER; FLOOD
AB The upper Sacramento River watershed is vital to California's water supply and is susceptible to major floods. Orographic precipitation in this complex terrain involves both atmospheric rivers (ARs) and the Sierra barrier jet (SBJ). The south-southeasterly SBJ induces orographic precipitation along south-facing slopes in the Mt. Shasta-Trinity Alps, whereas landfalling ARs ascend up and over the statically stable SBJ and induce orographic precipitation along west-facing slopes in the northern Sierra Nevada. This paper explores the occurrence of extreme daily precipitation (EDP) in this region in association with landfalling ARs and the SBJ. The 50 wettest days (i.e., days with EDP) for water years (WYs) 2002-11 based on the average of daily precipitation from eight rain gauges known as the Northern Sierra 8-Station Index (NS8I) are compared to dates from an SSM/I satellite-based landfalling AR-detection method and dates with SBJ events identified from nearby wind profiler data. These 50 days with EDP accounted for 20% of all precipitation during the 10-WY period, or 5 days with EDP per year on average account for one-fifth of WY precipitation. In summary, 46 of 50 (92%) days with EDP are associated with landfalling ARs on either the day before or the day of precipitation, whereas 45 of 50 (90%) days with EDP are associated with SBJ conditions on the day of EDP. Forty-one of 50 (82%) days with EDP are associated with both a landfalling AR and an SBJ. The top 10 days with EDP were all associated with both a landfalling AR and an SBJ.
C1 [Ralph, F. Martin] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Western Weather & Water Extremes, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Cordeira, Jason M.] Plymouth State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci & Chem, 17 High St,MSC 48, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA.
[Neiman, Paul J.; Hughes, Mimi] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hughes, Mimi] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Cordeira, JM (reprint author), Plymouth State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci & Chem, 17 High St,MSC 48, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA.
EM j_cordeira@plymouth.edu
RI Hughes, Mimi/C-3710-2009
OI Hughes, Mimi/0000-0002-4554-9289
FU California Department of Water Resources [4600010378]
FX This research was supported by funding provided by Award 4600010378
through the California Department of Water Resources. Comments by three
anonymous reviewers greatly improved the quality of this manuscript.
NR 34
TC 0
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U1 13
U2 15
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 7
BP 1905
EP 1914
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-15-0167.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS1FV
UT WOS:000380342100001
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, SV
Zaitchik, BF
Peters-Lidard, CD
Rodell, M
Reichle, R
Li, BL
Jasinski, M
Mocko, D
Getirana, A
De Lannoy, G
Cosh, MH
Hain, CR
Anderson, M
Arsenault, KR
Xia, YL
Ek, M
AF Kumar, Sujay V.
Zaitchik, Benjamin F.
Peters-Lidard, Christa D.
Rodell, Matthew
Reichle, Rolf
Li, Bailing
Jasinski, Michael
Mocko, David
Getirana, Augusto
De Lannoy, Gabrielle
Cosh, Michael H.
Hain, Christopher R.
Anderson, Martha
Arsenault, Kristi R.
Xia, Youlong
Ek, Michael
TI Assimilation of Gridded GRACE Terrestrial Water Storage Estimates in the
North American Land Data Assimilation System
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; TIME-VARIABLE GRAVITY; SOIL-MOISTURE; SURFACE
MODEL; ESTIMATING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; CLIMATE EXPERIMENT; RIVER-BASIN;
SNOW COVER; VARIABILITY; RETRIEVALS
AB The objective of the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) is to provide best-available estimates of near-surface meteorological conditions and soil hydrological status for the continental United States. To support the ongoing efforts to develop data assimilation (DA) capabilities for NLDAS, the results of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) DA implemented in a manner consistent with NLDAS development are presented. Following previous work, GRACE terrestrial water storage (TWS) anomaly estimates are assimilated into the NASA Catchment land surface model using an ensemble smoother. In contrast to many earlier GRACE DA studies, a gridded GRACE TWS product is assimilated, spatially distributed GRACE error estimates are accounted for, and the impact that GRACE scaling factors have on assimilation is evaluated. Comparisons with quality-controlled in situ observations indicate that GRACE DA has a positive impact on the simulation of unconfined groundwater variability across the majority of the eastern United States and on the simulation of surface and root zone soil moisture across the country. Smaller improvements are seen in the simulation of snow depth, and the impact of GRACE DA on simulated river discharge and evapotranspiration is regionally variable. The use of GRACE scaling factors during assimilation improved DA results in the western United States but led to small degradations in the eastern United States. The study also found comparable performance between the use of gridded and basin-averaged GRACE observations in assimilation. Finally, the evaluations presented in the paper indicate that GRACE DA can be helpful in improving the representation of droughts.
C1 [Kumar, Sujay V.; Peters-Lidard, Christa D.; Rodell, Matthew; Li, Bailing; Jasinski, Michael; Mocko, David; Getirana, Augusto; Arsenault, Kristi R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Code 617, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Zaitchik, Benjamin F.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Reichle, Rolf; Mocko, David] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Li, Bailing; Getirana, Augusto; Hain, Christopher R.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Mocko, David] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Beltsville, MD USA.
[De Lannoy, Gabrielle] Univ Leuven, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Leuven, Belgium.
[Cosh, Michael H.; Anderson, Martha] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Hain, Christopher R.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
[Arsenault, Kristi R.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
[Xia, Youlong] NCEP EMC, IMSG, College Pk, MD USA.
[Xia, Youlong; Ek, Michael] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Kumar, SV (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Code 617, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM sujay.v.kumar@nasa.gov
RI Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012; Reichle, Rolf/E-1419-2012; Rodell,
Matthew/E-4946-2012; Kumar, Sujay/B-8142-2015;
OI Peters-Lidard, Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876; Rodell,
Matthew/0000-0003-0106-7437; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525
FU NASA Science Mission Directorate's Earth Science Division through the
National Climate Assessment (NCA) project; NOAA's Climate Program Office
MAPP program
FX Funding for this work was provided by the NASA Science Mission
Directorate's Earth Science Division through the National Climate
Assessment (NCA) project and NOAA's Climate Program Office MAPP program.
Computing was supported by the resources at the NASA Center for Climate
Simulation. The NLDAS-2 forcing data used in this effort were acquired
as part of the activities of NASA's Science Mission Directorate and are
archived and distributed by the Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and
Information Services Center (DISC). The GRACE land data available at
http://grace.jpl.nasa.gov were supported by the NASA MEaSUREs program.
NR 55
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U1 9
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 7
BP 1951
EP 1972
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-15-0157.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS1FV
UT WOS:000380342100004
ER
PT J
AU Schiros, T
Nordlund, D
Palova, L
Zhao, LY
Levendorf, M
Jaye, C
Reichman, D
Park, J
Hybertsen, M
Pasupathy, A
AF Schiros, Theanne
Nordlund, Dennis
Palova, Lucia
Zhao, Liuyan
Levendorf, Mark
Jaye, Cherno
Reichman, David
Park, Jiwoong
Hybertsen, Mark
Pasupathy, Abhay
TI Atomistic Interrogation of B-N Co-dopant Structures and Their Electronic
Effects in Graphene
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE graphene; doping; X-ray spectroscopy; scanning tunneling microscopy;
chemical bonding; atomic design; electronic structure; work function
ID NITROGEN-DOPED GRAPHENE; CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; HEXAGONAL
BORON-NITRIDE; X-RAY-ABSORPTION; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE;
THIN-FILMS; MONOLAYER GRAPHENE; BAND-GAP; SPECTROSCOPY; CARBON
AB Chemical doping has been demonstrated to be an effective method for producing high-quality, large-area graphene with controlled carrier concentrations and an atomically tailored work function. The emergent optoelectronic properties and surface reactivity of carbon nanostructures are dictated by the microstructure of atomic dopants. Co doping of graphene with boron and nitrogen offers the possibility to further tune the electronic properties of graphene at the atomic level, potentially creating p- and n-type domains in a single carbon sheet, opening a gap between valence and conduction bands in the 2-D semimetal. Using a suite of high-resolution synchrotron-based X-ray techniques, scanning tunneling microscopy, and density functional theory based computation we visualize and characterize B-N dopant bond structures and their electronic effects at the atomic level in single-layer graphene grown on a copper substrate. We find there is a thermodynamic driving force for B and N atoms to cluster into BNC structures in graphene, rather than randomly distribute into isolated B and N graphitic dopants, although under the present growth conditions, kinetics limit segregation of large B N domains. We observe that the doping effect of these BNC structures, which open a small band gap in graphene, follows the B:N ratio (B > N, p-type; B < N, n-type; B=N, neutral). We attribute this to the comparable electron-withdrawing and-donating effects, respectively, of individual graphitic B and N dopants, although local electrostatics also play a role in the work function change.
C1 [Schiros, Theanne] Columbia Univ, MRSEC, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Palova, Lucia; Reichman, David] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Zhao, Liuyan; Pasupathy, Abhay] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Schiros, Theanne] SUNY Fashion Inst Technol, Department Sci & Math, New York, NY 10001 USA.
[Nordlund, Dennis] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Levendorf, Mark; Park, Jiwoong] Cornell Univ, Dept Chem, Ithaca, NY 10065 USA.
[Jaye, Cherno] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hybertsen, Mark] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Schiros, T (reprint author), Columbia Univ, MRSEC, New York, NY 10027 USA.; Schiros, T (reprint author), SUNY Fashion Inst Technol, Department Sci & Math, New York, NY 10001 USA.
EM ts2526@columbia.edu
FU NSF MRSEC program through Columbia in the Center for Precision Assembly
of Superstratic and Superatomic Solids [DMR-1420634]; U.S. DOE Office of
Science Facilities, at Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-SC0012704];
Office of Naval Research [N00014-14-1-0501]; Air Force Office of
Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9530-11-1-0010]
FX Research was supported by the NSF MRSEC program through Columbia in the
Center for Precision Assembly of Superstratic and Superatomic Solids
(DMR-1420634). NEXAFS, XPS, and photoemission threshold (work function)
experiments were performed at beamline 10-1 at the Stanford Synchrotron
Radiation Laboratory, a national user facility operated by Stanford
University on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences (T.S., D.N.). Additional NEXAFS experiments were also
carried out at beamline U7A at the National Synchrotron Light Source,
and theory and computations were carried out in part at the Center for
Functional Nanomaterials, both of which are U.S. DOE Office of Science
Facilities, at Brookhaven National Laboratory; under Contract No.
DE-SC0012704 (M.H., C.J., T.S.). STM experiments were supported by the
Office of Naval Research (award number N00014-14-1-0501) and by the Air
Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (award number
FA9530-11-1-0010) (L.Z., A.N.P.). Theoretical calculations were
performed by L.P., D.R., and M.H. Sample growth was performed by M.L.
and J.P.
NR 69
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Z9 0
U1 28
U2 48
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 10
IS 7
BP 6574
EP 6584
DI 10.1021/acsnano.6b01318
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DS2FD
UT WOS:000380576600020
PM 27327863
ER
PT J
AU Limburg, K
Brown, R
Johnson, R
Pine, B
Rulifson, R
Secor, D
Timchak, K
Walther, B
Wilson, K
AF Limburg, Karin
Brown, Randy
Johnson, Rachel
Pine, Bill
Rulifson, Roger
Secor, David
Timchak, Kelly
Walther, Ben
Wilson, Karen
TI Round-the-Coast: Snapshots of Estuarine Climate Change Effects
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Limburg, Karin] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Brown, Randy] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Johnson, Rachel] Univ Calif Davis, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Davis, CA USA.
[Johnson, Rachel] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA USA.
[Pine, Bill] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Rulifson, Roger] East Carolina Univ, Inst Coastal Sci & Policy, Greenville, NC USA.
[Rulifson, Roger] East Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC USA.
[Secor, David] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Timchak, Kelly] Lower Rogue Watershed Council, Gold Beach, OR USA.
[Walther, Ben] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Life Sci, Corpus Christi, TX USA.
[Wilson, Karen] Univ Southern Maine, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Portland, ME USA.
RP Limburg, K (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
EM klimburg@esf.edu
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 7
SI SI
BP 392
EP 394
DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1182506
PG 3
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DR8KY
UT WOS:000380148000009
ER
PT J
AU Morrison, WE
Nelson, MW
Griffis, RB
Hare, JA
AF Morrison, Wendy E.
Nelson, Mark W.
Griffis, Roger B.
Hare, Jonathan A.
TI Methodology for Assessing the Vulnerability of Marine and Anadromous
Fish Stocks in a Changing Climate
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Morrison, Wendy E.; Nelson, Mark W.] NOAA, Earth Resources Technol Inc, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Sustainable Fisheries, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Griffis, Roger B.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Sci & Technol, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Hare, Jonathan A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Morrison, WE (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Resources Technol Inc, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Sustainable Fisheries, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM wendy.morrison@noaa.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 7
SI SI
BP 407
EP 409
DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1182507
PG 3
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DR8KY
UT WOS:000380148000014
ER
PT J
AU Van Noord, JE
Olson, RJ
Redfern, JV
Duffy, LM
Kaufmann, RS
AF Van Noord, Joel E.
Olson, Robert J.
Redfern, Jessica V.
Duffy, Leanne M.
Kaufmann, Ronald S.
TI Oceanographic influences on the diet of 3 surface-migrating myctophids
in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID FISHES FAMILY MYCTOPHIDAE; TUNA THUNNUS-ALBACARES; WESTERN NORTH
PACIFIC; MESOPELAGIC FISHES; FEEDING ECOLOGY; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; YELLOWFIN
TUNA; SCOTIA SEA; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; ZOOPLANKTON
AB We examined the stomach contents of 3 vertically migrating myctophid fish species from the eastern tropical Pacific (ETP) Ocean and used a classification tree to examine the influence of spatial, biological, and oceanographic predictor variables on diet. Myctophum nitidulum (n = 299), Symbolophorus reversus (n = 199), and Gonichthys tenuiculus, (n = 82) were collected with dip nets from surface waters, and prey taxa were quantified from bongo net tows from August through November 2006. A classification tree produced splits with longitude and sea surface salinity (SSS), thereby separating 3 geographically and oceanographically distinct regions of the ETP (offshore, nearshore, and intermediate), where diet was similar among the 3 species. Myctophids consumed, primarily, ostracods offshore (76.4% mean percentage by number [MNi]), euphausiids nearshore (45.0%), and copepods (66.6%) in the intermediate region. The offshore region was characterized by a greater abundance of ostracods in the zooplankton community (17.5% by number) and within a deep mixed- layer depth (MLD) (mean 52.6 m, max 93.0 m). SSS was low in the nearshore region (< 32.9 psu) and the MLD was shallow. The intermediate region represented a transition zone between the oceanographic condition of the offshore and nearshore regions. Our results indicate that these 3 myctophid species share a similar regional diet that is strongly influenced by longitude, ostracod availability, SSS, and MLD.
C1 [Van Noord, Joel E.; Kaufmann, Ronald S.] Calif Wetfish Producers Assoc, POB 1951, Buellton, CA 93427 USA.
[Olson, Robert J.; Duffy, Leanne M.] Univ San Diego, Marine Sci & Environm Studies Dept, 5998 Alcala Pk, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
[Redfern, Jessica V.] Interamer Trop Tuna Commiss, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Van Noord, Joel E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Van Noord, JE (reprint author), Calif Wetfish Producers Assoc, POB 1951, Buellton, CA 93427 USA.; Van Noord, JE (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM joel.vannoord@noaa.gov
FU University of San Diego; Stephen Sullivan Memorial Scholarship
FX This research was partially funded by the University of San Diego and a
Stephen Sullivan Memorial Scholarship. We thank the many scientists at
the Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, who made these samples
available, including: L. Ballance, P. Fiedler, V. Andreassi, C. Hall, M.
Kelley, R. Pitman, and G. Watters. We thank W. Watson for laboratory
space and W. Walker for identifying the myctophid samples. We thank J.
Barlow and P. Fiedler for use of smoothed oceanographic maps and 3
anonymous reviewers for their comments and editorial suggestions to
improve this article at the manuscript stage.
NR 59
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U1 3
U2 5
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 114
IS 3
BP 274
EP 287
DI 10.7755/FB.114.3.2
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DR8ZA
UT WOS:000380185700002
ER
PT J
AU Caldarone, EM
MacLean, SA
Beckman, BR
AF Caldarone, Elaine M.
MacLean, Sharon A.
Beckman, Brian R.
TI Evaluation of nucleic acids and plasma IGF1 levels for estimating
short-term responses of postsmolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to food
availability
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID GROWTH-FACTOR (IGF)-I; RNA-DNA RATIOS; BINDING-PROTEINS IGFBPS; COD
GADUS-MORHUA; RAINBOW-TROUT; COHO SALMON; FACTOR-I;
ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; MELANOGRAMMUS-AEGLEFINUS; WATER TEMPERATURE
AB We evaluated 4 potential indices obtained by nonlethal sampling for use in determining nutritional state and short-term growth rate in postsmolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): the ratio of RNA to DNA, both RNA and DNA normalized to protein, and plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). Fish reared in the laboratory for 27 days were fed, fasted, or refed. Short-term growth rates (7 to 23 day intervals) were calculated on a wetweight basis. RNA/DNA values were highly correlated to growth rates, responded rapidly to changes in food availability and were the best able to consistently distinguish between the fasted and fed treatments. RNA/protein values were also well correlated with growth rate; however, within any one sampling day, feeding groups could not be differentiated with this index. DNA/protein increased during fasting but was neither strongly correlated with growth rate nor an accurate discriminator of nutritional state. IGF1 values were positively correlated with growth rates and responded rapidly with refeeding but changed little during the 3 weeks of fasting-a result that may have been influenced by sampling serially. We propose that RNA/DNA is a useful nonlethal technique for estimating recent growth rates and for identifying the nutritional condition of individual postsmolt Atlantic salmon exposed to short-term changes in food availability.
C1 [Caldarone, Elaine M.; MacLean, Sharon A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett Lab, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Beckman, Brian R.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Beckman, BR (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM brian.beckman@noaa.gov
NR 58
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 16
U2 17
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 114
IS 3
BP 288
EP 301
DI 10.7755/FB.114.3.3
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DR8ZA
UT WOS:000380185700003
ER
PT J
AU Stevens, BG
Guida, V
AF Stevens, Bradley G.
Guida, Vincent
TI Depth and temperature distribution, morphometrics, and sex ratios of red
deepsea crab (Chaceon quinquedens) at 4 sampling sites in the
Mid-Atlantic Bight
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID BLUE KING CRAB; LITHODES-AEQUISPINUS ANOMURA; CHIONOECETES-BAIRDI
DECAPODA; AFFINIS MILNE-EDWARDS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; GERYON-QUINQUEDENS;
PARALITHODES-PLATYPUS; REPRODUCTIVE-CYCLE; SNOW CRAB; CONTINENTAL-SLOPE
AB The red deepsea crab (Chaceon quinquedens) supports a small fishery of < 2000 metric tons annually along the U. S. East Coast, but little is known about the life history of this crab. We sampled red deepsea crab from 4 sites and 3 depth strata (250-450 m, 450-700 m, and 700-850 m) in the Mid-Atlantic Bight in January 2011 and 2012 and in July 2013. Crab size decreased with depth, whereas shell age indices increased with depth. Crab occurred at temperatures from 4.6 degrees C to 10.6 degrees C (mean: 6.37 degrees C) and there was little difference between sexes. Size at 50% maturity (SM50) could not be determined with chela or abdomen allometry, but SM50 was estimated at 61.6 mm in carapace length for females on the basis of gonopore condition. Sex ratios (M: F) involving female crab above the SM50 were < 0.5, indicating that large males are depleted in comparison with female abundance. The proportion of ovigerous females was 33% in January 2012 and < 6% in July 2013, proportions that support the hypothesis of a biennial (or longer) reproductive cycle. Red deepsea crab probably recruit to deep water (> 1000 m), move upslope during adolescence, and become mature in the shallowest strata, before undergoing an ontogenetic migration back to intermediate depths.
C1 [Stevens, Bradley G.] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Nat Sci, Carver Hall, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA.
[Guida, Vincent] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, James J Howard Marine Sci Lab, 74 Magruder Rd, Sandy Hook Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
RP Stevens, BG (reprint author), Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Nat Sci, Carver Hall, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA.
EM bgstevens@umes.edu
FU NOAA Living Marine Resources Cooperative Science Center, NOAA grant
[NA11SEC4810002]
FX This research was conducted with partial funding from the NOAA Living
Marine Resources Cooperative Science Center, NOAA grant NA11SEC4810002.
We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the officers and crews of
the NOAA Ships Delaware II and Gordon Gunter. We also appreciate the
efforts of student participants on all 3 cruises, who were too numerous
to name individually; still, major assistance to this project was
provided by B.-J. Peemoeller, A. Stoneman, and I. Suyuheda. We thank R.
Langton for his service as cochief scientist in 2013 and to S. Smith and
S. Van Sant for their participation as watch supervisors during the 2012
and 2013 cruises, respectively. Comments from L. Stehlik and anonymous
reviewers helped improve the manuscript.
NR 46
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U1 8
U2 8
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 114
IS 3
BP 343
EP 359
DI 10.7755/FB.114.3.7
PG 17
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DR8ZA
UT WOS:000380185700007
ER
PT J
AU Weinberg, KL
Yeung, C
Somerton, DA
Thompson, GG
Ressler, PH
AF Weinberg, Kenneth L.
Yeung, Cynthia
Somerton, David A.
Thompson, Grant G.
Ressler, Patrick H.
TI Is the survey selectivity curve for Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus)
dome-shaped? Direct evidence from trawl studies
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID FISHERIES STOCK ASSESSMENT; BOTTOM-TRAWL; SWIMMING ENDURANCE; ATLANTIC
COD; FISH; EFFICIENCY; CAPTURE; MORHUA; GEAR; AVAILABILITY
AB Survey selectivity can be viewed as a function of the availability of the stock to the sampling gear and the sampling efficiency of the gear. A dome-shaped survey selectivity function is one in which survey selectivity decreases with larger and older fish. Such a function is estimated for eastern Bering Sea (EBS) Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) in the NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service stock assessment model, which would be appropriate if large (>= 55 cm in fork length) Pacific cod avoid capture by the EBS survey bottom trawl. To test this assumption, a field study was conducted to determine whether large Pacific cod escape capture by either outswimming the survey trawl or by swimming above the trawl. Our results show that large Pacific cod do not outswim the trawl because catches did not increase when we increased towing speed. Additionally, large Pacific cod do not routinely swim above the trawl because analysis of acoustic backscatter collected concurrently with trawl hauls indicated that only 4% of the acoustic backscatter attributed to Pacific cod occurred at heights above the headrope. We found no evidence that survey-gear efficiency decreased with increasing fish length either because large fish outswam the trawl or because they tend to occur further from the bottom. Therefore the results of our experiment do not support the use of a dome-shaped survey selectivity function in the EBS Pacific cod assessment model.
C1 [Weinberg, Kenneth L.; Yeung, Cynthia; Somerton, David A.; Ressler, Patrick H.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Thompson, Grant G.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Yeung, C (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM cynthia.yeung@noaa.gov
FU National Marine Fisheries Service, National Cooperative Research Program
FX Funding for this project was provided by the National Marine Fisheries
Service, National Cooperative Research Program with Industry. We are
grateful for the advice provided by A. De Robertis on echo-integration
techniques and for the helpful comments from our reviewers D. Nichol and
S. Kotwicki. In addition, we thank our anonymous reviewers who
sacrificed their valuable time to contribute to the advancement of
fisheries science.
NR 37
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PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 114
IS 3
BP 360
EP 369
DI 10.7755/FB.114.3.8
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DR8ZA
UT WOS:000380185700008
ER
PT J
AU Kaplan, IC
Marshall, KN
AF Kaplan, Isaac C.
Marshall, Kristin N.
TI A guinea pig's tale: learning to review end-to-end marine ecosystem
models for management applications
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantis; best practices; end-to-end models; evaluation criteria; marine
ecosystem models; model performance; peer review
ID US WEST-COAST; FISHERY MANAGEMENT; SKILL ASSESSMENT; STOCK ASSESSMENT;
UNCERTAINTY; FRAMEWORK; RESPONSES; DYNAMICS; ECOPATH; LESSONS
AB A shift towards ecosystem-based management in recent decades has led to new analytical tools such as end-to-end marine ecosystem models. End-to-end models are complex and typically simulate full ecosystems from oceanography to foodwebs and fisheries, operate on a spatial framework, and link to physical oceanographic models. Most end-to-end approaches allow multiple ways to implement human behaviours involving fishery catch, fleet movement, or other impacts such as nutrient loading or climate change effects. Though end-to-end ecosystem models were designed specifically for marine management, their novelty makes them unfamiliar to most decision makers. Before such models can be applied within the context of marine management decisions, additional levels of vetting will be required, and a dialogue with decision makers must be initiated. Here we summarize a review of an Atlantis end-to-end model, which involved a multi-day, expert review panel with local and international experts, convened to challenge models and data used in the management context. We propose nine credibility and quality control standards for end-to-end models intended to inform management, and suggest two best practice guidelines for any end-to-end modelling application. We offer our perspectives (as recent test subjects or "guinea pigs") on how a review could be motivated and structured and on the evaluation criteria that should be used, in the most specific terms possible.
C1 [Kaplan, Isaac C.] NOAA, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Marshall, Kristin N.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fisheries Sci, POB 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Kaplan, IC (reprint author), NOAA, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM isaac.kaplan@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Ocean Acidification Program; NOAA Centers for Coastal Ocean Science
FX Many thanks are due to members of the Atlantis Methodology Review Panel
for comments in June and July, 2014. These reviewers included Martin
Dorn, Kerim Aydin, Pete Lawson, Cindy Thomson, Galen Johnson, Andre
Punt, Will Satterthwaite, Tien-Shui Tsou, Reg Watson, Kenneth Frank, and
Daniel Howell. The Pacific Fishery Management Council and NMFS Office of
Science and Technology facilitated the review, and Kit Dahl was the PFMC
staff representative. This work was supported in part by the NOAA Ocean
Acidification Program and NOAA Centers for Coastal Ocean Science.
Kirstin Holsman and Chris Harvey (NOAA), Sigrid Lehuta (IFREMER), and
two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on an early draft.
NR 63
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 7
BP 1715
EP 1724
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsw047
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DR8HX
UT WOS:000380140100001
ER
PT J
AU Pulver, JR
Liu, H
Scott-Denton, E
AF Pulver, Jeffrey Robert
Liu, Hui
Scott-Denton, Elizabeth
TI Modelling community structure and species co-occurrence using fishery
observer data
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE cluster analysis; commercial fisheries; fishery observer; species
co-occurrence; species stratifications
ID UNITED-STATES; ASSEMBLAGES; MORTALITY; DISCARD; SNAPPER; OREGON; CAUGHT;
COAST
AB In this study, we modelled fishery observer data to compare methods of identifying community structure using cluster analyses to determine stratifications and probabilistic models for examining species co-occurrence in the Gulf of Mexico deepwater reef fish fishery. Comparing cluster analysis methods, the correlation measure of dissimilarity in combination with average agglomerative linkage was the most efficient method for determining species relationships using simulated random species as a comparison tool. Cluster analysis revealed distinct species stratifications and in combination with multiscale bootstrapping generated probabilities indicating the strength of stratifications in the fishery. A more parsimonious approach with probabilistic models was also developed to quantify pairwise species co-occurrence as random, positive, or negative based on the observed vs. expected fishing sets with co-occurrence. For the most common species captured, the probabilistic models predicted positive or negative co-occurrence between 84.2% of the pairwise combinations examined. These methods provide fishery managers tools for determining multispecies quota allocations and offer insights into other by catch species of interest.
C1 [Pulver, Jeffrey Robert; Scott-Denton, Elizabeth] Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Galveston Lab, 4700 Ave U, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
[Liu, Hui] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
RP Pulver, JR (reprint author), Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Galveston Lab, 4700 Ave U, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
EM jeff.pulver@noaa.gov
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 7
BP 1750
EP 1763
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsw033
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DR8HX
UT WOS:000380140100004
ER
PT J
AU Woods, PJ
Holland, DS
Punt, AE
AF Woods, Pamela J.
Holland, Daniel S.
Punt, Andre E.
TI Evaluating the benefits and risks of species-transformation provisions
in multispecies IFQ fisheries with joint production
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE bioeconomic model; catch-quota balancing; fisheries management;
individual fishing quotas; joint production; metier; short-term profit
ID INDIVIDUAL TRANSFERABLE QUOTAS; MIXED FISHERIES; MANAGEMENT; BEHAVIOR;
FLEET; DIVERSIFICATION; ICELAND; MODELS; CHOICE; ITQS
AB Species-transformation provisions allow fishers to convert quota of one species to that of another species at prescribed conversion rates. These provisions, along with other catch-quota balancing mechanisms, are meant to aid fishers in matching available quota to actual catch so that incentives to discard are reduced. In this paper, we use a bioeconomic model to examine how species-transformation provisions affect sustainability and profitability of a multispecies fishery. We base parameterization of the model loosely on management of the Icelandic demersal fishery, which currently employs one of the broadest implementations of species transformations. To represent fisher behaviour in each year, effort is allocated among two or three metiers, such that total profit for that year is maximized. Each metier represents a combination of three species' catchability rates that define which species are targeted by each metier and how independent a species' catch rate is from that of other species. Assumptions regarding the degree to which fishers can target specific species by shifting effort between metiers, as well as how relative profitability among metiers varies, are paramount to understanding more generally how fishing regulations such as species transformations can be expected to change fishing patterns. This constraint depends not only on how strongly associated species catches are within a metier but also on relative species abundance and what alternate metiers are available.
C1 [Woods, Pamela J.] Univ Iceland, Sci Inst, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.
[Woods, Pamela J.; Punt, Andre E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Holland, Daniel S.] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Woods, PJ (reprint author), Univ Iceland, Sci Inst, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.
EM pamelajwoods@gmail.com
FU US National Science Foundation [OCE-1323991]; Norden Top-level Research
Initiative sub-programme 'Effect Studies and Adaptation to Climate
Change' through the Nordic Centre Centre for Research on Marine
Ecosystems and Resources under Climate Change (NorMER)
FX The preparation of this paper has been supported by the US National
Science Foundation under Award No. OCE-1323991 and by the Norden
Top-level Research Initiative sub-programme 'Effect Studies and
Adaptation to Climate Change' through the Nordic Centre Centre for
Research on Marine Ecosystems and Resources under Climate Change
(NorMER). We also thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on
an earlier version of this paper.
NR 46
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U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 7
BP 1764
EP 1773
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsw031
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DR8HX
UT WOS:000380140100005
ER
PT J
AU O'Boyle, R
Dean, M
Legault, CM
AF O'Boyle, Robert
Dean, Micah
Legault, Christopher M.
TI The influence of seasonal migrations on fishery selectivity
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE age-varying fish movement; areas-as-fleet; fishery selectivity; one-and
two-way migration; stock assessment
ID ATLANTIC MENHADEN; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; BREVOORTIA-TYRANNUS; STOCK
ASSESSMENT; TAG RETURNS; MANAGEMENT; MODEL; CURVES
AB Based on previous work, dome-shaped fishery selectivity patterns are expected in place of asymptotic patterns when one-way fish movements among areas are considered. It is less clear if this occurs when the "round-trip" seasonal movements are considered. A simulation of a long-distance migrating fish stock (Atlantic menhaden) was used to study the influence of life history and fishery processes on selectivity, under an "areas as fleet" stock assessment context. When age-constant two-way migration was assumed to occur at a low rate, a domed selectivity pattern in the area experiencing the highest fishing mortality was produced, consistent with previous work. However, as the two-way migration rate increased, the domed selectivity pattern diminished and eventually disappeared. When age-varying migration was introduced, with a higher movement probability for older fish, domed selectivity prevailed in the source (i.e. spawning) area. If movement away from the spawning area occurs at younger ages than are selected by the fishing gear, the extent of the dome in this area is reduced. When movement away from the spawning area occurs at ages that are already available to the fishing gear, the dome in the spawning area is exaggerated. The area in which domed selectivity occurred was primarily determined by whether the probability of movement increased or decreased with age. In contrast to previous work that considered one-way or diffusive movement, the temporal or spatial distribution of recruitment and overall fishing mortality did not have a significant influence on selectivity. Building simulations that reflect the life history of the stock can guide assessment efforts by placing priors and constraints on model fits to selectivity patterns and be used to explore trade-offs between model complexity and the ability to produce reasonable management advice. Their development is encouraged as a standard feature in the assessment of migratory fish stocks.
C1 [O'Boyle, Robert] Beta Sci Consulting Inc, 1042 Shore Dr, Bedford, NS B4A 2E5, Canada.
[Dean, Micah] Massachusetts Div Marine Fisheries, Annisquam River Marine Fisheries Stn, 30 Emerson Ave, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
[Legault, Christopher M.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP O'Boyle, R (reprint author), Beta Sci Consulting Inc, 1042 Shore Dr, Bedford, NS B4A 2E5, Canada.
EM betasci@eastlink.ca
NR 23
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U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 7
BP 1774
EP 1787
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsw048
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DR8HX
UT WOS:000380140100006
ER
PT J
AU Manderson, JP
AF Manderson, John Pilling
TI Seascapes are not landscapes: an analysis performed using Bernhard
Riemann's rules
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE seascape ecology; landscape ecology; marine habitat ecology; analysis
and synthesis; thought experiment
ID DYNAMIC OCEAN MANAGEMENT; METABOLIC THEORY; MARINE; VARIABILITY;
RECRUITMENT; FISHERIES; ECOLOGY; NICHE
AB Applied seascape ecology rests on paradigms of terrestrial landscape ecology. Patches defined by persistent seabed features are the basic units of analysis. Persistent oceanographic features provide context while dynamic features are usually ignored. Should seascape ecology rest on terrestrial paradigms? I use Reimann's rules of analysis to identify differences between seascapes and landscapes. Reimann's method uses hypotheses about system function to guide the development of models of system components based upon fundamental "laws". The method forced me to avoid using terrestrial analogies in understanding of organism-habitat relationships. The fundamental laws applying to all organisms were the conservative metabolic requirements underlying individual performance and population growth. Physical properties of the environment; specifically those dictating strategies available to organisms meeting metabolic requirements, were the "laws" applying to the external environment. Organisms living in the ocean's liquid meet most metabolic requirements using strong habitat selection for properties of the liquid that are controlled by "fast", often episodic, atmospheric and tidal forces. Seascapes are there for primarily driven by dynamic hydrography including mixing processes. In contrast, most terrestrial organisms are decoupled by gravity and physiological regulation from an atmospheric fluid that is metabolically more challenging. They show strong habitat selection for many essential metabolic materials concentrated on the land surface where slower biogeochemical processes including soil development drive ecological dynamics. Living in a liquid is different from living in a gas and resource use management in the oceans needs to be tuned to seascapes dynamics that is driven primarily by hydrodynamics and secondarily by seabed processes. Advances in ocean observing and data assimilative circulation models now permit the rapid development of applied seascape ecology. This development is essential now that changes in global climate are being rapidly translated into changes in the dynamics of the ocean hydrosphere that structures and controls ecological dynamics within seascapes.
C1 [Manderson, John Pilling] NOAA, North East Fisheries Sci Ctr, Cooperat Res Program, 74 Magruder Rd, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
RP Manderson, JP (reprint author), NOAA, North East Fisheries Sci Ctr, Cooperat Res Program, 74 Magruder Rd, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
EM john.manderson@noaa.gov
NR 59
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 7
BP 1831
EP 1838
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsw069
PG 8
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DR8HX
UT WOS:000380140100012
ER
PT J
AU Vestfals, CD
Ciannelli, L
Hoff, GR
AF Vestfals, Cathleen D.
Ciannelli, Lorenzo
Hoff, Gerald R.
TI Changes in habitat utilization of slope-spawning flatfish across a
bathymetric gradient
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Bering Sea; climate change; habitat; GAM; Greenland halibut; Pacific
halibut
ID HALIBUT HIPPOGLOSSUS-STENOLEPIS; EASTERN BERING-SEA; PACIFIC HALIBUT;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; REINHARDTIUS-HIPPOGLOSSOIDES; MARINE FISH; ENVIRONMENTAL
VARIABLES; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; DEMERSAL FISHES
AB Understanding how fish distributions may change in response to environmental variability is important for effective management of fish populations, as predicted climate change will likely alter their habitat use and population dynamics. This research focused on two commercially-and ecologically-important flatfish species in the eastern Bering Sea (EBS), Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) and Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis), which may be especially sensitive to climate-induced shifts in habitat due to strong seasonally and ontogenetically variable distributions. We analysed data from fishery-dependent and fishery-independent sources to determine how environmental variability influenced habitat use, thus gaining a uniquely comprehensive range of seasonal and geographic coverage of each species' distribution. Greenland and Pacific halibut exhibited strong and contrasting responses to changes in temperature on the shelf, with catches decreasing and increasing, respectively, beyond 1 degrees C. The effect of temperature was not as prominent along the slope, suggesting that slope habitats may provide some insulation from shelf-associated environmental variability, particularly for Greenland halibut. With warming, Greenland halibut exhibited more of a bathymetric shift in distribution, while the shift was more latitudinal for Pacific halibut. Our results suggest that habitat partitioning may, in part, explain differences in Greenland and Pacific halibut distributions. This research adds to our understanding of how the distributions of two fish species at opposite extremes of their ranges in the EBS - Greenland halibut at the southernmost edge and Pacific halibut at the northernmost edge - may shift in relation to a changing ocean environment.
C1 [Vestfals, Cathleen D.; Ciannelli, Lorenzo] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 104 CEOAS Adm Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Hoff, Gerald R.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Vestfals, Cathleen D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 2030 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Vestfals, CD (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 104 CEOAS Adm Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.; Vestfals, CD (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 2030 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM cdvestfals@alaska.edu
FU North Pacific Research Board [905, 1205]
FX This research was supported by grants from the North Pacific Research
Board (Projects 905 and 1205).
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SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 7
BP 1875
EP 1889
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsw112
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DR8HX
UT WOS:000380140100016
ER
PT J
AU Petrik, CM
Duffy-Anderson, JT
Castruccio, F
Curchitser, EN
Danielson, SL
Hedstrom, K
Mueter, F
AF Petrik, Colleen M.
Duffy-Anderson, Janet T.
Castruccio, Frederic
Curchitser, Enrique N.
Danielson, Seth L.
Hedstrom, Katherine
Mueter, Franz
TI Modelled connectivity between Walleye Pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus)
spawning and age-0 nursery areas in warm and cold years with
implications for juvenile survival
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Bering Sea; connectivity; fish early life history; pollock
ID EASTERN BERING-SEA; THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; PRIBILOF-ISLANDS; POPULATION
CONNECTIVITY; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; FUTURE CLIMATE;
FORAGE FISH; OCEAN; VARIABILITY
AB Adult and early life stage distributions of the commercially important demersal fish Walleye Pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) have varied in relation to the warm and cold environmental conditions on the eastern Bering Sea (EBS) shelf. Previous modelling studies indicate that transport alone does not account for the disparate juvenile distributions in warm and cold years, but that spawning locations are important. Our objective was to determine the potential connectivity of EBS pollock spawning areas with juvenile nursery areas between warm and cold years from an 18-year hindcast (1995-2012). We calculated the connectivity between larval sources and juvenile positions that were produced by a coupled biological-physical individual-based model that simulated transport, growth, and vertical behavior of pollock from the egg until the juvenile stage. Three connectivity patterns were seen in most simulations: along-isobaths to the northwest, self-retention, and transport around the Pribilof Islands. The major differences in connectivity between warm and cold years, more northwards in warm years and more off-shelf in cold years, mimicked wind-driven flow characteristics of those years that were related to winter mean zonal position of the Aleutian Low. Connectivity relationships were more sensitive to spatial alterations in the spawning areas in cold years, while they were more responsive to spawn timing shifts in warm years. The strongest connectivity to advantageous juvenile habitats originated in the well-known spawning areas, but also in a less well-studied region on the Outer Shelf. This northern Outer Shelf region emerged as a very large sink of pollock reaching the juvenile transition from all spawning sources, suggesting more thorough sampling across multiple trophic levels of this potentially important juvenile pollock nursery is needed.
C1 [Petrik, Colleen M.; Mueter, Franz] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Duffy-Anderson, Janet T.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Castruccio, Frederic; Curchitser, Enrique N.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Danielson, Seth L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Marine Sci, 112 ONeill Bldg,POB 757220, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Hedstrom, Katherine] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Arctic Reg Supercomp Ctr, 105 West Ridge Res Bldg,POB 756020, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Petrik, Colleen M.] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 300 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Castruccio, Frederic] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Petrik, CM (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.; Petrik, CM (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 300 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM cpetrik@princeton.edu
FU NSF [1108440, 177]; NPRB [579]
FX We thank Alexander Andrews, Alexander De Robertis, John Horne, and
Sandra Parker-Stetter for providing observational data. This research
was funded by NSF award 1108440, is BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project
publication number 177, NPRB publication number 579, and contribution
EcoFOCI-N861 to NOAA's Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated
Investigations. The findings and conclusions in the paper are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National
Marine Fisheries Service.
NR 68
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 11
U2 11
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 7
BP 1890
EP 1900
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsw004
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DR8HX
UT WOS:000380140100017
ER
PT J
AU Puerta, P
Hunsicker, ME
Hidalgo, M
Reglero, P
Ciannelli, L
Esteban, A
Gonzalez, M
Quetglas, A
AF Puerta, Patricia
Hunsicker, Mary E.
Hidalgo, Manuel
Reglero, Patricia
Ciannelli, Lorenzo
Esteban, Antonio
Gonzalez, Maria
Quetglas, Antoni
TI Community-environment interactions explain octopus-catshark spatial
overlap
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE benthic-pelagic coupling; coexistence; competition; Eledone cirrhosa;
Mediterranean; Scyliorhinus canicula; spatial distribution; species
interactions
ID NORTHWESTERN MEDITERRANEAN SEA; CEPHALOPOD POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SOUTH
CATALAN SEA; SCYLIORHINUS-CANICULA; BALEARIC-ISLANDS; ELEDONE-CIRRHOSA;
INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; SPECIES INTERACTIONS; MARINE BIODIVERSITY;
ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE
AB The octopus Eledone cirrhosa and the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula present the same feeding habits and distributional preferences in the Mediterranean Sea. We explore patterns of spatial overlap between these species to address coexistence and infer possible competition from spatial patterns in the western Mediterranean Sea. A spatially explicit modelling approach revealed that spatial overlap mainly responded to the distribution of shared resources, where coexistence is allowed by different ecological processes. Catshark (k-strategy) was highly abundant and widely distributed. However, the fluctuating population dynamics of octopus (r-strategy) explained the variations in spatial patterns of overlap. Spatial structuring across the study area was observed both in population distributions and in species interactions (coexistence or exclusion). Areas with high resources in terms of specific prey items (Catalan Sea) or alternative supplies, such as niche opportunities and ecosystem functions defined by community diversity (Balearic Islands), favoured species coexistence. Sea surface temperature showed opposite effects on overlap in northern and southern regions of the study area, which were not related to differences in species sensitivity. We suggest a surface trophic link, where different phytoplankton communities at each region might have opposite responses to temperature. This triggers contrasting mechanisms of food transfer to deeper benthic communities that subsequently facilitates species overlap. Characterizing how benthic and pelagic seascape properties shape species interactions across space and time is pivotal to properly address community spatial dynamics and move towards ecosystem-based management for sustainable fisheries and conservation planning.
C1 [Puerta, Patricia; Hidalgo, Manuel; Reglero, Patricia; Quetglas, Antoni] Ctr Oceanog Baleares, Inst Espanol Oceanog, Muelle Poniente S-N,Apdo 291, Palma de Mallorca 07015, Spain.
[Hunsicker, Mary E.] NOAA, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2115 SE OSU Dr, Newport, OR 97366 USA.
[Ciannelli, Lorenzo] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 104 CEOAS Adm Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Esteban, Antonio] Ctr Oceanog Murcia, Inst Espanol Oceanog, Magallanes 2,Apdo 22, San Pedro Del Pinatar 30740, Murcia, Spain.
[Gonzalez, Maria] Ctr Oceanog Malaga, Inst Espanol Oceanog, Puerto Pesquero S-N,Apdo 285, Fuengirola 29640, Malaga, Spain.
RP Puerta, P (reprint author), Ctr Oceanog Baleares, Inst Espanol Oceanog, Muelle Poniente S-N,Apdo 291, Palma de Mallorca 07015, Spain.
EM patrix.puerta@gmail.com
RI Quetglas, Antoni/K-9089-2014
FU project "ECLIPSAME" (Synergistics effects of Climate and Fishing on the
demersal ecosystems of the North Atlantic and western Mediterranean) -
Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CTM2012-37701];
Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (DG-MARE) of the
European Commission; Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO); FPI grant
from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
[BES-2010-030315]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; MYFISH project
(EU) [289257]; regional government of the Balearic Islands, Direccion
General d'Educacio', Personal Docent, Universitats i Recerca; European
Social Fund; National Science Foundation [1140207]
FX We are very grateful to all scientists and vessel crew that participated
in the MEDITS surveys. This research is supported by the project
"ECLIPSAME" (Synergistics effects of Climate and Fishing on the demersal
ecosystems of the North Atlantic and western Mediterranean,
CTM2012-37701) financed by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and
Competitiveness. Surveys were co-funded by the Directorate-General for
Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (DG-MARE) of the European Commission and
the Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO). P.P. is supported by the
funding of FPI grant BES-2010-030315 from the Spanish Ministry of
Economy and Competitiveness. M.E.H.'s funding is provided by the Gordon
and Betty Moore Foundation. M.H. was funded by MYFISH project (EU
contract number 289257) and a post-doctoral contract from the regional
government of the Balearic Islands, Direccion General d'Educacio',
Personal Docent, Universitats i Recerca, co-funded by the European
Social Fund 2014-2020. L.C. acknowledges support from the National
Science Foundation, grant number: 1140207.
NR 83
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 16
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 7
BP 1901
EP 1911
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsw053
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DR8HX
UT WOS:000380140100018
ER
PT J
AU Turner, SM
Manderson, JP
Richardson, DE
Hoey, JJ
Hare, JA
AF Turner, Sara M.
Manderson, John P.
Richardson, David E.
Hoey, John J.
Hare, Jonathan A.
TI Using habitat association models to predict Alewife and Blueback Herring
marine distributions and overlap with Atlantic Herring and Atlantic
Mackerel: can incidental catches be reduced?
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE distribution models; generalized additive models; habitat associations;
incidental catch avoidance
ID CLUPEA-HARENGUS; ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; SCOMBER-SCOMBRUS; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
TRAWL FISHERY; BYCATCH; SCALE; COAST; SAPIDISSIMA; AESTIVALIS
AB Concern over the impacts of incidental catches of Alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus and Blueback Herring, A. aestivalis (collectively managed as 'river herring') in the commercial Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus) and Atlantic Mackerel (Scomber scombrus) fisheries has resulted in the recent implementation of river herring incidental catch limits. These incidental catches are highly variable in frequency and magnitude, and the environmental conditions associated with these catches are poorly understood. We used generalized additive models (GAMs) to describe habitat associations of Alewife, Blueback Herring, Atlantic Herring, and Atlantic Mackerel. Bottom temperature, bottom depth, bottom salinity, solar azimuth and elevation, and region of the Northeast U.S. continental shelf were all significant in the habitat models; GAMs explained 25.2, 16.9, 18.9, and 20.6% of the deviance observed for the presence/absence of Alewife, Blueback Herring, Atlantic Herring, and Atlantic Mackerel. A subset of the data was omitted from the model and the probability of presence was compared with observations; 66-77% of observations were correctly predicted. The individual probabilities of presence were used to quantify and evaluate the accuracy of modelled overlap of Alewife and Blueback Herring with Atlantic Herring (68-72% correct predictions) and Alewife and Blueback Herring with Atlantic Mackerel (57-69% correct predictions). Our findings indicate that environmental gradients influence the distributions and overlap of Alewife, Blueback Herring, Atlantic Herring, and Atlantic Mackerel, and with further testing and refinement these models could be developed into a tool to aid industry in reducing incidental catches of river herring.
C1 [Turner, Sara M.; Richardson, David E.; Hoey, John J.; Hare, Jonathan A.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Manderson, John P.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
RP Turner, SM (reprint author), NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM sara.turner@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office
FX This work was funded by the NOAA Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries
Office. Data for model development and testing were collected by the
NEFSC Ecosystems Surveys Branch. Acknowledgment of the above individuals
does not imply their endorsement of this work; the authors have sole
responsibility for the content of this contribution. The views expressed
herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views
of NOAA or any of its sub-agencies. Thanks to three anonymous reviewers
for their comments on previous drafts.
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 8
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 7
BP 1912
EP 1924
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsv166
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DR8HX
UT WOS:000380140100019
ER
PT J
AU Gilbert, DA
Grutter, AJ
Arenholz, E
Liu, K
Kirby, BJ
Borchers, JA
Maranville, BB
AF Gilbert, Dustin A.
Grutter, Alexander J.
Arenholz, Elke
Liu, Kai
Kirby, B. J.
Borchers, Julie A.
Maranville, Brian B.
TI Structural and magnetic depth profiles of magneto-ionic heterostructures
beyond the interface limit
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING LENGTHS; ELECTRIC-FIELD CONTROL; ROOM-TEMPERATURE;
EXCHANGE BIAS; MAGNETORESISTANCE; FERROMAGNETISM; REFLECTOMETRY;
REVERSAL; COBALT
AB Electric field control of magnetism provides a promising route towards ultralow power information storage and sensor technologies. The effects of magneto-ionic motion have been prominently featured in the modification of interface characteristics. Here, we demonstrate magnetoelectric coupling moderated by voltage-driven oxygen migration beyond the interface in relatively thick AlOx/GdOx/Co(15 nm) films. Oxygen migration and Co magnetization are quantitatively mapped with polarized neutron reflectometry under electro-thermal conditioning. The depth-resolved profiles uniquely identify interfacial and bulk behaviours and a semi-reversible control of the magnetization. Magnetometry measurements suggest changes in the microstructure which disrupt long-range ferromagnetic ordering, resulting in an additional magnetically soft phase. X-ray spectroscopy confirms changes in the Co oxidation state, but not in the Gd, suggesting that the GdOx transmits oxygen but does not source or sink it. These results together provide crucial insight into controlling magnetism via magneto-ionic motion, both at interfaces and throughout the bulk of the films.
C1 [Gilbert, Dustin A.; Grutter, Alexander J.; Kirby, B. J.; Borchers, Julie A.; Maranville, Brian B.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Arenholz, Elke] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Liu, Kai] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Gilbert, DA; Grutter, AJ (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dustin.gilbert@nist.gov; alexander.grutter@nist.gov
RI Liu, Kai/B-1163-2008; Gilbert, Dustin/G-1683-2011
OI Liu, Kai/0000-0001-9413-6782; Gilbert, Dustin/0000-0003-3747-3883
FU U.S. Department of Commerce; National Research Council; National Science
Foundation [DMR-1543582, ECCS-1232275]; Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DEAC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank Professor Geoffrey Beach from the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology for discussions. Work at NIST has been supported by the U.S.
Department of Commerce. D.A.G. and A.J.G. acknowledge support from the
National Research Council Research Associateship Program. Work at UCD
has been supported by the National Science Foundation (DMR-1543582 and
ECCS-1232275). Work at the ALS has been supported by the Director,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S.
Department of Energy (DEAC02-05CH11231).
NR 55
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 24
U2 34
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 12264
DI 10.1038/ncomms12264
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DS5SH
UT WOS:000380842100001
PM 27447691
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, R
Roberts, KO
Tiesinga, E
Wade, ACJ
Blakie, PB
Deb, AB
Kjaergaard, N
AF Thomas, R.
Roberts, K. O.
Tiesinga, E.
Wade, A. C. J.
Blakie, P. B.
Deb, A. B.
Kjaergaard, N.
TI Multiple scattering dynamics of fermions at an isolated p-wave resonance
SO Nature Communications
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRACOLD ATOMS; ANDERSON LOCALIZATION; MATTER; GASES; LASER; BOSE
AB The wavefunction for indistinguishable fermions is anti-symmetric under particle exchange, which directly leads to the Pauli exclusion principle, and hence underlies the structure of atoms and the properties of almost all materials. In the dynamics of collisions between two indistinguishable fermions, this requirement strictly prohibits scattering into 90 degrees angles. Here we experimentally investigate the collisions of ultracold clouds fermionic K-40 atoms by directly measuring scattering distributions. With increasing collision energy we identify the Wigner threshold for p-wave scattering with its tell-tale dumb-bell shape and no 90 degrees yield. Above this threshold, effects of multiple scattering become manifest as deviations from the underlying binary p-wave shape, adding particles either isotropically or axially. A shape resonance for K-40 facilitates the separate observation of these two processes. The isotropically enhanced multiple scattering mode is a generic p-wave threshold phenomenon, whereas the axially enhanced mode should occur in any colliding particle system with an elastic scattering resonance.
C1 [Thomas, R.; Roberts, K. O.; Wade, A. C. J.; Blakie, P. B.; Deb, A. B.; Kjaergaard, N.] Univ Otago, QSO Ctr Quantum Sci, Dept Phys, 730 Cumberland St, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
[Thomas, R.; Roberts, K. O.; Wade, A. C. J.; Blakie, P. B.; Deb, A. B.; Kjaergaard, N.] Univ Otago, Dodd Walls Ctr Photon & Quantum Technol, 730 Cumberland St, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
[Tiesinga, E.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tiesinga, E.] NIST, Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tiesinga, E.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wade, A. C. J.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
RP Kjaergaard, N (reprint author), Univ Otago, QSO Ctr Quantum Sci, Dept Phys, 730 Cumberland St, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.; Kjaergaard, N (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dodd Walls Ctr Photon & Quantum Technol, 730 Cumberland St, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
EM niels.kjaergaard@otago.ac.nz
RI Blakie, Peter/A-1554-2009;
OI Blakie, Peter/0000-0003-4772-6514; Kjaergaard, Niels/0000-0002-7830-9468
FU Marsden Fund of New Zealand [UOO1121]
FX We thank Ina Kinski for manufacturing isotopically enriched
40K dispensers and Andrew Daley for comments on our
manuscript. N.K. acknowledges the hospitality of the Johannes
Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz during the finalizing of the manuscript.
This work was supported by the Marsden Fund of New Zealand (Contract
Number UOO1121).
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 12069
DI 10.1038/ncomms12069
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DS4GC
UT WOS:000380738400001
PM 27396294
ER
PT J
AU Adams, J
Kaplan, IC
Chasco, B
Marshall, KN
Acevedo-Gutierrez, A
Ward, EJ
AF Adams, Jesse
Kaplan, Isaac C.
Chasco, Brandon
Marshall, Kristin N.
Acevedo-Gutierrez, Alejandro
Ward, Eric J.
TI A century of Chinook salmon consumption by marine mammal predators in
the Northeast Pacific Ocean
SO ECOLOGICAL INFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Chinook salmon; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Marine mammals; Diets;
Pinnipeds; Killer whale
ID WHALES ORCINUS-ORCA; ISOTOPE MIXING MODELS; KILLER WHALES;
STABLE-ISOTOPE; HARBOR SEAL; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; DIET COMPOSITION; STOMACH
CONTENTS; PHOCA-VITULINA; FATTY-ACID
AB As many marine mammal populations have increased following bans on their harvest, there has been a growing need to understand potential impacts of these population changes on coastal marine ecosystems. Quantifying consumption of prey species, such as fish, is particularly important when those same prey are also targeted by commercial fisheries. Estimating the impact of marine mammal predators on prey fish depends upon knowledge of marine mammal diet composition; scientific advances over the last century have improved understanding of diets but have also led to inconsistent methods that challenge attempts at synthesis and comparison. Meta analysis techniques offer the opportunity to overcome such challenges, yet have not been widely applied to synthesize marine mammal diets over space and time. As a case study, we focus on synthesizing diet studies of Chinook (king) salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) by four species of marine mammal predators in the Northeast Pacific Ocean: Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus), California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), harbor seals (Phoca vitulina), and killer whales (Orcinus orca). We also highlight several simple meta-analyses for which these types of diet databases may be employed. Our assembled database consists of >330 records, spanning more than 100 years. Results indicate that the frequency of occurrence of Chinook salmon in killer whale studies is high (63%) relative to pinniped studies (<10%). They also suggest a strong increasing ability to discriminate Chinook salmon from other salmonids, which we attribute to switches in diet studies from lethal or observational sampling toward molecular methods (DNA, fatty acids). Our database and analysis code are published as supplementary material, which we hope will be useful for other researchers and will inspire more of these syntheses. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Adams, Jesse; Chasco, Brandon] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Contractor Conservat Biol Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Kaplan, Isaac C.; Marshall, Kristin N.; Ward, Eric J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Chasco, Brandon] Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall,2820 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Acevedo-Gutierrez, Alejandro] Western Washington Univ, Dept Biol, 516 High St MS9160, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
RP Kaplan, IC (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Isaac.Kaplan@noaa.gov
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 25
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-9541
EI 1878-0512
J9 ECOL INFORM
JI Ecol. Inform.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 34
BP 44
EP 51
DI 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2016.04.010
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DR7LX
UT WOS:000380082300005
ER
PT J
AU Bajcsy, P
Vandecreme, A
Amelot, J
Chalfoun, J
Majurski, M
Brady, M
AF Bajcsy, Peter
Vandecreme, Antoine
Amelot, Julien
Chalfoun, Joe
Majurski, Michael
Brady, Mary
TI Enabling Stem Cell Characterization from Large Microscopy Images
SO COMPUTER
LA English
DT Article
DE Stem cells; Microscopy; Clustering algorithms; Algorithm design and
analysis; Three-dimensional displays; Inspection; Biological computing;
Scientific computing; Microscopy; scientific computing; interactive
measurement; cell imaging; stem cell evaluation; cluster computing; Deep
Zoom extensions; scientific algorithms; biological computing;
large-coverage microscopy; collaborative work; visualization
C1 [Bajcsy, Peter; Vandecreme, Antoine; Amelot, Julien; Chalfoun, Joe; Majurski, Michael] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brady, Mary] NIST, Informat Syst Grp, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Bajcsy, P (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM peter.bajcsy@nist.gov; ant.vand@gmail.com; julien.amelot@gmail.com;
joe.chalfoun@nist.gov; michael.majurski@nist.gov; mary.brady@nist.gov
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 0018-9162
EI 1558-0814
J9 COMPUTER
JI Computer
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 7
BP 70
EP 79
DI 10.1109/MC.2016.191
PG 10
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA DR6OO
UT WOS:000380021400011
ER
PT J
AU Chen, PJ
Iunin, YL
Cheng, SF
Shull, RD
AF Chen, P. J.
Iunin, Y. L.
Cheng, S. F.
Shull, R. D.
TI Underlayer Effect on Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in
Co20Fe60B20/MgO Films
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 13th Joint Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (MMM)/Intermag Conference
CY JAN 11-15, 2016
CL San Diego, CA
SP Amer Inst Phys, IEEE Magnet soc
DE Anisotropy CoFeB; magnetic tunneling junction; MgO; perpendicular
magnetic anisotropy (PMA); underlayer
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; MAGNETORESISTANCE; MULTILAYERS
AB Perpendicular magnetic tunneling junctions with Ta\CoFeB\MgO have been extensively studied in recent years. However, the effects of the underlayer on the formation of the CoFeB perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) are still not well understood. Here, we report the results of our systematic use of a wide range of elements (Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, and Au) encompassed by columns IVA, VA, VIA, VIIA, and VIIIA of the periodic table as the underlayer in an underlayer\Co20Fe60B20\MgO stack. Our goals were to survey more elements that could conceivably create a PMA in CoFeB and thereby to explore the mechanisms enabling these underlayers to enhance or create the PMA. We found that underlayer elements having an outer shell of both 4d electrons (Zr, Nb Mo, and Pd) and 5d electrons (Hf, Ta, W, Re, Ir, and Pt) resulted in the development of a PMA in the MgO-capped Co20Fe60B20. Hybridization between the 3d electrons of the Fe or Co (in the Co20Fe60B20) at the interface with the 4d or 5d electrons of the underlayer is thought to be the cause of the PMA development.
C1 [Chen, P. J.; Iunin, Y. L.; Shull, R. D.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Iunin, Y. L.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Moscow 142432, Russia.
[Cheng, S. F.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Chen, PJ (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM pchen@nist.gov
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 20
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9464
EI 1941-0069
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 7
AR 4400504
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2015.2511662
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA DR5EC
UT WOS:000379924800108
ER
PT J
AU Ray, A
Kopelman, R
Chon, B
Briggman, K
Hwang, J
AF Ray, Aniruddha
Kopelman, Raoul
Chon, Bonghwan
Briggman, Kimberly
Hwang, Jeeseong
TI Scattering based hyperspectral imaging of plasmonic nanoplate clusters
towards biomedical applications
SO JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE hyperspectral dark field imaging; nanoplate clusters; cancer cells; FDTD
simulation
ID NANOPARTICLE CLUSTERS; HOT-SPOTS; NANOCLUSTERS; ENHANCEMENT;
SPECTROSCOPY; NANOPRISMS; CONVERSION; SERS
AB A new optical scattering contrast-agent based on polymer-nanoparticle encapsulated silver nanoplates (PESNs) is presented. Silver nanoplates were chosen due to the flexibility of tuning their plasmon frequencies. The polymer coating preserves their physical and optical properties and confers other advantages such as controlled contrast agent delivery. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations model the interaction of light with the nanoplates in different orientations in the cluster. Hyperspectral dark field microscopy (HYDFM) observes the scattering spectra of the PESNs. An unsupervised sequential maximum angle convex cone (SMACC) image analysis resolves spectral endmembers corresponding to different stacking orientations of the nanoplates. The orientation-dependent endmembers qualitatively agree with the FDTD results. For contrast enhancement, the uptake and spatial distribution of PESNs are demonstrated by an HYDFM study of single melanoma cells to result in an enhanced contrast of up to 400%. A supervised spatial mapping of the endmembers obtained by the unsupervised SMACC algorithm reveals spatial distributions of PESNs with various clustering orientations of encapsulated nanoplates. Our study demonstrates tunability in plasmonics properties in clustered metal nanoparticles and its utility for the development of scatter-based imaging contrast agents for a broad range of applications, including studies of single cells and other biomedical systems.
C1 [Ray, Aniruddha; Chon, Bonghwan; Briggman, Kimberly; Hwang, Jeeseong] NIST, Quantum Elect & Photon Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ray, Aniruddha; Kopelman, Raoul] Univ Michigan, Dept Chem & Biophys, 930 N Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Hwang, J (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Elect & Photon Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jch@nist.gov
FU NIST Innovations in Measurement Science (IMS) program on "Optical
Medical Imaging for Clinical Applications"; NIH/NCI [R01CA186769]
FX Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified
in this manuscript. Such identification does not imply recommendation or
endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor
does it imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily
the best available for the purpose. This work was supported by the NIST
Innovations in Measurement Science (IMS) program on "Optical Medical
Imaging for Clinical Applications" and the NIH/NCI grant R01CA186769.
The authors thank Ms. Ananya Mukundan, Dr. Teppei Shirakura, Dr. Leshern
Karamchandand and Dr. Taeyuana Curry at the University of Michigan for
their help during synthesis and characterization of the nanoparticles.
The authors thank Dr. David Allen for useful discussions on the ENVI
analysis and also acknowledge the Microscopy and Imaging Laboratory as
well as the Chemistry Department Instrument Facility at the University
of Michigan. This is a contribution of the U.S. Government, and is not
subject to copyright.
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 8
U2 12
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1864-063X
EI 1864-0648
J9 J BIOPHOTONICS
JI J. Biophotonics
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 7
BP 721
EP 729
DI 10.1002/jbio.201500177
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biophysics; Optics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Optics
GA DR4FA
UT WOS:000379855700007
PM 26375760
ER
PT J
AU Mansfield, E
Bell, IH
Outcalt, SL
AF Mansfield, Elisabeth
Bell, Ian H.
Outcalt, Stephanie L.
TI Bubble-Point Measurements of n-Propane plus n-Decane Binary Mixtures
with Comparisons of Binary Mixture Interaction Parameters for Linear
Alkanes
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; HYDROCARBON SYSTEMS; STATE;
EQUATIONS; OCTANE; NONANE; AIR
AB To develop comprehensive models for multicomponent natural gas mixtures, it is necessary to have binary interaction parameters for each of the pairs of constituent fluids that form the mixture. The determination of accurate mixture interaction parameters depends on reliably collected experimental data. In this work, we have carried out an experimental campaign to measure the bubble point pressures of mixtures of n-propane and n-decane, a mixture that has been thus far poorly studied with only four existing data sets. The experimental measurements of bubble-point states span a composition range (in n-propane mole fraction) from 0.148 to 0.731, and the bubble-point pressures are measured in the temperature range from 270 to 370 K. These data, in conjunction with data from a previous publication on mixtures of n-butane + n-octane and n-butane + n-nonane, are used to determine binary interaction parameters. The newly obtained binary interaction parameters for the mixture of n-propane and n-decane represent the experimental bubble-point pressures given here to within 8% (coverage factor, k=2), as opposed to previous deviations up to 19%.
C1 [Mansfield, Elisabeth; Bell, Ian H.; Outcalt, Stephanie L.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Mansfield, E (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM elisabeth.mansfield@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-9568
J9 J CHEM ENG DATA
JI J. Chem. Eng. Data
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 61
IS 7
BP 2573
EP 2579
DI 10.1021/acs.jced.6b00258
PG 7
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering
GA DR6CB
UT WOS:000379988600043
PM 27746509
ER
PT J
AU Chang, M
AF Chang, Milton
TI IoT opportunities in photonics
SO LASER FOCUS WORLD
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Chang, Milton] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Chang, Milton] NIST, Adv Technol, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Chang, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.; Chang, M (reprint author), NIST, Adv Technol, Bethesda, MD USA.
EM miltonchang@incubic.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU PENNWELL PUBL CO
PI NASHUA
PA 98 SPIT BROOK RD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 USA
SN 1043-8092
J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD
JI Laser Focus World
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 7
BP 60
EP 60
PG 1
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DR4RS
UT WOS:000379890500015
ER
PT J
AU Colas, F
Crassous, MP
Laurent, S
Litaker, RW
Rinnert, E
Le Gall, E
Lunven, M
Delauney, L
Compere, C
AF Colas, Florent
Crassous, Marie-Pierre
Laurent, Sebastien
Litaker, Richard W.
Rinnert, Emmanuel
Le Gall, Erwan
Lunven, Michel
Delauney, Laurent
Compere, Chantal
TI A surface plasmon resonance system for the underwater detection of
domoic acid
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEAWATER; SENSOR; PHYTOPLANKTON; BIOSENSOR; TOXICITY; ALGAL; PROBE;
ASSAY
AB Over the past decade Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) techniques have been applied to the measurement of numerous analytes. In this article, an SPR biosensor system deployed from an oceanographic vessel was used to measure dissolved domoic acid (DA), a common and harmful phycotoxin produced by certain microalgae species belonging to the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. During the biosensor deployment, concentrations of Pseudo-nitzschia cells were very low over the study area and measured DA concentrations were below detection. However, the in situ operational detection limit of the system was established using calibrated seawater solutions spiked with DA. The system could detect the toxin at concentrations as low as 0.1 ng mL(-1) and presented a linear dynamic range from 0.1 ng mL(-1) to 2.0 ng mL(-1). This sensor showed promise for in situ detection of DA.
C1 [Colas, Florent; Crassous, Marie-Pierre; Laurent, Sebastien; Rinnert, Emmanuel; Le Gall, Erwan; Lunven, Michel; Delauney, Laurent; Compere, Chantal] IFREMER, Ctr Bretagne, Technopole Brest Iroise, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
[Litaker, Richard W.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC USA.
RP Colas, F (reprint author), IFREMER, Ctr Bretagne, Technopole Brest Iroise, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
EM florent.colas@ifremer.fr
OI Compere, Chantal/0000-0001-9444-6254; Colas,
Florent/0000-0002-9882-3720; Rinnert, Emmanuel/0000-0003-1524-5505
FU Brittany Region
FX The authors wish to thank the Brittany Region for funding the crews of
the Cote de la Manche and the Thalia. We also very much appreciate and
acknowledge the kind and efficient help of Michel Lehaitre, Albert
Deuff, and Jean-Yves Coail for their advice on optics, mechanics, and
electronics.
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1541-5856
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR-METH
JI Limnol. Oceanogr. Meth.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 14
IS 7
BP 456
EP 465
DI 10.1002/lom3.10104
PG 10
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DR8BK
UT WOS:000380123200004
ER
PT J
AU Coughlin, ER
Nixon, C
Begelman, MC
Armitage, PJ
AF Coughlin, Eric R.
Nixon, Chris
Begelman, Mitchell C.
Armitage, Philip J.
TI On the structure of tidally disrupted stellar debris streams
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE black hole physics; gravitation; hydrodynamics; stars: general;
galaxies: nuclei
ID MASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; STAR-FORMATION; BOUND DEBRIS; EVENTS; HYDRODYNAMICS;
SIMULATIONS; PS1-10JH
AB A tidal disruption event (TDE) - when a star is destroyed by the immense gravitational field of a supermassive black hole - transforms a star into a stream of tidally shredded debris. The properties of this debris ultimately determine the observable signatures of tidal disruption events (TDEs). Here we derive a simple, self-similar solution for the velocity profile of the debris streams produced from TDEs, and show that this solution agrees extremely well with numerical results. Using this self-similar solution, we calculate an analytic, approximate expression for the radial density profile of the stream. We show that there is a critical adiabatic index that varies as a function of position along the stream above (below) which the stream is unstable (stable) to gravitational fragmentation. We also calculate the impact of heating and cooling on this stability criterion.
C1 [Coughlin, Eric R.; Begelman, Mitchell C.; Armitage, Philip J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Coughlin, Eric R.; Begelman, Mitchell C.; Armitage, Philip J.] NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Coughlin, Eric R.; Begelman, Mitchell C.; Armitage, Philip J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, 391 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Nixon, Chris] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LEI 7RH, Leics, England.
RP Coughlin, ER (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Coughlin, ER (reprint author), NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Coughlin, ER (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, 391 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM eric.coughlin@colorado.edu
OI Coughlin, Eric/0000-0003-3765-6401
FU NASA Astrophysics Theory Program [NNX14AB37G, NNX14AB42G]; NSF
[AST-1411879]; NASA's Fermi Guest Investigator Program; Science and
Technology Facilities Council [ST/M005917/1]; STFC Consolidated Grant;
STFC; Large Facilities Capital Fund of BIS
FX This work was supported in part by NASA Astrophysics Theory Program
grants NNX14AB37G and NNX14AB42G, NSF grant AST-1411879, and NASA's
Fermi Guest Investigator Program. CN was supported by the Science and
Technology Facilities Council (grant number ST/M005917/1). We used
SPLASH (Price 2007) for the visualization. Research in theoretical
astrophysics at Leicester is supported by an STFC Consolidated Grant.
This work utilized the Complexity HPC cluster at the University of
Leicester which is part of the DiRAC2 national facility, jointly funded
by STFC and the Large Facilities Capital Fund of BIS.
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 459
IS 3
BP 3089
EP 3103
DI 10.1093/mnras/stw770
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DR3ZJ
UT WOS:000379840900062
ER
PT J
AU Boukabara, SA
Garrett, K
Kumar, VK
AF Boukabara, Sid-Ahmed
Garrett, Kevin
Kumar, V. Krishna
TI Potential Gaps in the Satellite Observing System Coverage: Assessment of
Impact on NOAA's Numerical Weather Prediction Overall Skills
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; RADIANCES; EMISSIVITY
AB The current constellation of environmental satellites is at risk of degrading due to several factors. This includes the following: 1) loss of secondary polar-orbiting satellites due to reaching their nominal lifetimes, 2) decrease in the density of extratropical radio-occultation (RO) observations due to a likely delayed launch of the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate-2 (COSMIC-2) high inclination orbit constellation, and 3) the risk of losing afternoon polar-orbiting satellite coverage due to potential launch delays in the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) programs. In this study, the impacts from these scenarios on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Global Forecast System skill are quantified. Performances for several metrics are assessed, but to encapsulate the results the authors introduce an overall forecast score combining metrics for all parameters, atmospheric levels, and forecast lead times. The first result suggests that removing secondary satellites results in significant degradation of the forecast. This is unexpected since it is generally assumed that secondary sensors contribute to system's robustness but not necessarily to forecast performance. Second, losing the afternoon orbit on top of losing secondary satellites further degrades forecast performances by a significant margin. Finally, losing extratropical RO observations on top of losing secondary satellites also negatively impacts the forecast performances, but to a lesser degree. These results provide a benchmark that will allow for the assessment of the added value of projects being implemented at NOAA in support of mitigation strategies designed to alleviate the negative impacts associated with these data gaps, and additionally help NOAA to define requirements of the future global observing system architecture.
C1 [Boukabara, Sid-Ahmed] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD USA.
[Garrett, Kevin; Kumar, V. Krishna] NOAA, RTi, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Boukabara, SA (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, JCSDA,NCWCP E RA Univ Res Ct 5830, 2nd Floor,Off 2617, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM sid.boukabara@noaa.gov
RI Garrett, Kevin/L-7582-2016; Boukabara, Sid Ahmed/F-5577-2010; Kumar, V.
Krishna/N-9865-2016
OI Garrett, Kevin/0000-0002-7444-4363; Boukabara, Sid
Ahmed/0000-0002-1857-3806; Kumar, V. Krishna/0000-0002-4455-0843
FU NOAA; U.S. Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation
FX The authors would like to extend thanks to NOAA/NCEP for access to the
data assimilation and forecast systems as well as verification tools
including the VSDB. We would also like to thank Dr. Ross Hoffman for his
review and comments of the manuscript. Funding for this work was
provided through NOAA's satellite data gap mitigation project, as well
as the U.S. Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 7
BP 2547
EP 2563
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-16-0013.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DR4BZ
UT WOS:000379847800002
ER
PT J
AU Lei, LL
Whitaker, JS
AF Lei, Lili
Whitaker, Jeffrey S.
TI A Four-Dimensional Incremental Analysis Update for the Ensemble Kalman
Filter
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; GLOBAL FORECAST SYSTEM; PART I; ERROR
STATISTICS; HIRLAM MODEL; IMPLEMENTATION; INITIALIZATION; BALANCE;
SENSITIVITY; FORMULATION
AB The analysis produced by the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) may be dynamically inconsistent and contain unbalanced gravity waves that are absent in the real atmosphere. These imbalances can be exacerbated by covariance localization and inflation. One strategy to combat the imbalance in the analyses is the incremental analysis update (IAU), which uses the dynamic model to distribute the analyses increments over a time window. The IAU has been widely used in atmospheric and oceanic applications. However, the analysis increment that is gradually introduced during a model integration is often computed once and assumed to be constant for an assimilation window, which can be seen as a three-dimensional IAU (3DIAU). Thus, the propagation of the analysis increment in the assimilation window is neglected, yet this propagation may be important, especially for moving weather systems.
To take into account the propagation of the analysis increment during an assimilation window, a four-dimensional IAU (4DIAU) used with the EnKF is presented. It constructs time-varying analysis increments by applying all observations in an assimilation window to state variables at different times during the assimilation window. It then gradually applies these time-varying analysis increments through the assimilation window. Results from a dry two-layer primitive equation model and the NCEP GFS show that EnKF with 4DIAU (EnKF-4DIAU) and 3DIAU (EnKF-3DIAU) reduce imbalances in the analysis compared to EnKF without initialization (EnKF-RAW). EnKF-4DIAU retains the time-varying information in the analysis increments better than EnKF-3DIAU, and produces better analysis and forecast than either EnKF-RAW or EnKF-3DIAU.
C1 [Lei, Lili] Nanjing Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Mesoscale Severe Weather, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Lei, Lili] Nanjing Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Lei, Lili] Univ Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Whitaker, Jeffrey S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Lei, LL (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM lililei@nju.edu.cn
FU Disaster Relief Appropriations Act [P.L. 113-2, NA14OAR4830123];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [41461164008, 41130964]
FX This work was partially supported by the Disaster Relief Appropriations
Act of 2013 (P.L. 113-2), which funded NOAA Research Grant
NA14OAR4830123, and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
through Grants 41461164008 and 41130964. Thanks to Chris Snyder and two
anonymous reviewers whose valuable comments significantly improved the
manuscript.
NR 54
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 7
BP 2605
EP 2621
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0246.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DR4BZ
UT WOS:000379847800005
ER
PT J
AU Hodyss, D
Campbell, WF
Whitaker, JS
AF Hodyss, Daniel
Campbell, William F.
Whitaker, Jeffrey S.
TI Observation-Dependent Posterior Inflation for the Ensemble Kalman Filter
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID ADAPTIVE COVARIANCE INFLATION; DATA ASSIMILATION; ERRORS
AB Ensemble-based Kalman filter (EBKF) algorithms are known to produce posterior ensembles whose variance is incorrect for a variety of reasons (e.g., nonlinearity and sampling error). It is shown here that the presence of sampling error implies that the true posterior error variance is a function of the latest observation, as opposed to the standard EBKF, whose posterior variance is independent of observations. In addition, it is shown that the traditional ensemble validation tool known as the "binned spread-skill'' diagram does not correctly identify this issue in the ensemble generation step of the EBKF, leading to an overly optimistic impression of the relationship between posterior variance and squared error. An updated ensemble validation tool is described that reveals the incorrect relationship between mean squared error (MSE) and ensemble variance, and gives an unbiased evaluation of the posterior variances from EBKF algorithms. Last, a new inflation method is derived that accounts for sampling error and correctly yields posterior error variances that depend on the latest observation. The new method has very little computational overhead, does not require access to the observations, and is simple to use in any serial or global EBKF.
C1 [Hodyss, Daniel; Campbell, William F.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Whitaker, Jeffrey S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Hodyss, D (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM daniel.hodyss@nrlmry.navy.mil
FU NRL Base Program [PE 0601153N]
FX We thank Jeff Anderson for helpful and insightful comments on this work.
This research is supported by the Chief of Naval Research through the
NRL Base Program, PE 0601153N.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 7
BP 2667
EP 2684
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0329.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DR4BZ
UT WOS:000379847800008
ER
PT J
AU Helmig, D
Rossabi, S
Hueber, J
Tans, P
Montzka, SA
Masarie, K
Thoning, K
Plass-Duelmer, C
Claude, A
Carpenter, LJ
Lewis, AC
Punjabi, S
Reimann, S
Vollmer, MK
Steinbrecher, R
Hannigan, J
Emmons, LK
Mahieu, E
Franco, B
Smale, D
Pozzer, A
AF Helmig, Detlev
Rossabi, Samuel
Hueber, Jacques
Tans, Pieter
Montzka, Stephen A.
Masarie, Ken
Thoning, Kirk
Plass-Duelmer, Christian
Claude, Anja
Carpenter, Lucy J.
Lewis, Alastair C.
Punjabi, Shalini
Reimann, Stefan
Vollmer, Martin K.
Steinbrecher, Rainer
Hannigan, James W.
Emmons, Louisa K.
Mahieu, Emmanuel
Franco, Bruno
Smale, Dan
Pozzer, Andrea
TI Reversal of global atmospheric ethane and propane trends largely due to
US oil and natural gas production
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID REGIONAL AIR-QUALITY; NONMETHANE HYDROCARBONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FIRN AIR;
SURFACE OBSERVATIONS; METHANE EMISSIONS; RECENT DECREASES; INCREASE;
MODEL; HOHENPEISSENBERG
AB Non-methane hydrocarbons such as ethane are important precursors to tropospheric ozone and aerosols. Using data from a global surface network and atmospheric column observations we show that the steady decline in the ethane mole fraction that began in the 1970s(1-3) halted between 2005 and 2010 in most of the Northern Hemisphere and has since reversed. We calculate a yearly increase in ethane emissions in the Northern Hemisphere of 0.42 (+/- 0.19) Tg yr(-1) between mid-2009 and mid-2014. The largest increases in ethane and the shorter-lived propane are seen over the central and eastern USA, with a spatial distribution that suggests North American oil and natural gas development as the primary source of increasing emissions. By including other co-emitted oil and natural gas non-methane hydrocarbons, we estimate a Northern Hemisphere total non-methane hydrocarbon yearly emission increase of 1.2 (+/- 0.8) Tg yr(-1). Atmospheric chemical transport modelling suggests that these emissions could augment summertime mean surface ozone by several nanomoles per mole near oil and natural gas production regions. Methane/ethane oil and natural gas emission ratios could suggest a significant increase in associated methane emissions; however, this increase is inconsistent with observed leak rates in production regions and changes in methane's global isotopic ratio.
C1 [Helmig, Detlev; Rossabi, Samuel; Hueber, Jacques] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Tans, Pieter; Montzka, Stephen A.; Masarie, Ken; Thoning, Kirk] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Plass-Duelmer, Christian; Claude, Anja] Deutscher Wetterdienst, D-82383 Hohenpeissenberg, Germany.
[Carpenter, Lucy J.; Punjabi, Shalini] Univ York, Wolfson Atmospher Chem Labs, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
[Lewis, Alastair C.] Univ York, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
[Reimann, Stefan; Vollmer, Martin K.] Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Empa, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Steinbrecher, Rainer] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Campus Alpine, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany.
[Hannigan, James W.; Emmons, Louisa K.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Mahieu, Emmanuel; Franco, Bruno] Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
[Smale, Dan] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Lauder 9352, New Zealand.
[Pozzer, Andrea] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
RP Helmig, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM detlev.helmig@colorado.edu
RI Reimann, Stefan/A-2327-2009; Emmons, Louisa/R-8922-2016;
OI Reimann, Stefan/0000-0002-9885-7138; Emmons, Louisa/0000-0003-2325-6212;
Montzka, Stephen/0000-0002-9396-0400; Mahieu,
Emmanuel/0000-0002-5251-0286
FU NOAA Climate Program Office's AC4 Program; USA National Science
Foundation [PLR-AON 1108391]; California Energy Commission's Natural Gas
programme under USA Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
International Foundation High Altitude Research Stations JFJ and
Gornergrat (HFSJG); Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) in
the Swiss National Program HALCLIM; NCAS; NERC; NASA [NNX13AH87G]; USA
National Science Foundation; BELSPO in Brussels; F.R.S.-FNRS (Fonds de
la Recherche Scientifique) in Brussels; World Meteorological
Organization Global Atmospheric Watch (WMO-GAW) programme; German
Umweltbundesamt; New Zealand's Ministry of Business, Innovation, and
Employment
FX This research would not have been possible without the contributions of
many dedicated researchers that maintain the sampling programmes that
provided the used data. The global VOC flask analyses are a component of
NOAA's Cooperative USA- and global-scale Greenhouse Gas Reference flask
sampling network, which is supported in part by NOAA Climate Program
Office's AC4 Program. We greatly appreciate the work of many colleagues
who have contributed to the programme operation and data processing, in
particular C. Siso, P. Lang, J. Higgs, M. Crotwell, S. Wolter, D. Neff,
J. Kofler, A. Andrews, B. Miller, D. Colegrove, C. Sweeney, E.
Dlugokencky, and Y. Stenzel, and many unnamed CU Boulder undergraduate
students who have processed the flask network data. The in situ
monitoring at Summit is funded by the USA National Science Foundation,
grant PLR-AON 1108391. We thank M. Fischer and S. Biraud for the
operation of the STR and SGP site, respectively. The WGC and STR sites
are operated with support from the California Energy Commission's
Natural Gas programme under USA Department of Energy Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. Financial support for the measurements at JFJ is
provided by the International Foundation High Altitude Research Stations
JFJ and Gornergrat (HFSJG), and for the GC/MS measurements also by the
Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) in the Swiss National
Program HALCLIM. In situ VOC measurements at Cape Verde are made with
the assistance of L. Mendes, K. Read, and J. Hopkins. The University of
York thanks NCAS and NERC for funding. The FTIR measurements at NIWA,
Lauder, are core funded through New Zealand's Ministry of Business,
Innovation, and Employment. J.W.H. is supported by NASA under contract
No. NNX13AH87G. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is
supported by the USA National Science Foundation. The University of
Liege contribution has been primarily supported by BELSPO and the
F.R.S.-FNRS (Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique), both in Brussels. We
thank P. Martinerie, at LGGE, Grenoble, France, for the reconstructed
ethane firn air history in Fig. 1a. The global VOC monitoring is under
the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization Global Atmospheric
Watch (WMO-GAW) programme, which facilitates coordination between
participating partners and quality control efforts. The VOC World
Calibration Centre is funded by the German Umweltbundesamt. We also
thank the staff of the World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases at the
Japan Meteorological Agency for the archiving and public posting of data
used in this study.
NR 53
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 22
U2 33
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 7
BP 490
EP 495
DI 10.1038/NGEO2721
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DR3SV
UT WOS:000379823800009
ER
PT J
AU Delworth, TL
Zeng, FR
Vecchi, GA
Yang, XS
Zhang, LP
Zhang, R
AF Delworth, Thomas L.
Zeng, Fanrong
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
Yang, Xiaosong
Zhang, Liping
Zhang, Rong
TI The North Atlantic Oscillation as a driver of rapid climate change in
the Northern Hemisphere
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; ARCTIC SEA-ICE; DATA ASSIMILATION;
VARIABILITY; ATTRIBUTION; IMPACTS; SYSTEM
AB Pronounced climate changes have occurred since the 1970s, including rapid loss of Arctic sea ice(1), large-scale warming(2) and increased tropical storm activity(3) in the Atlantic. Anthropogenic radiative forcing is likely to have played a major role in these changes(4), but the relative influence of anthropogenic forcing and natural variability is not well established. The above changes have also occurred during a period in which the North Atlantic Oscillation has shown marked multidecadal variations(5). Here we investigate the role of the North Atlantic Oscillation in these rapid changes through its influence on the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and ocean heat transport. We use climate models to showthat observed multidecadal variations of the North Atlantic Oscillation can induce multidecadal variations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and poleward ocean heat transport in the Atlantic, extending to the Arctic. Our results suggest that these variations have contributed to the rapid loss of Arctic sea ice, Northern Hemisphere warming, and changing Atlantic tropical storm activity, especially in the late 1990s and early 2000s. These multidecadal variations are superimposed on long-term anthropogenic forcing trends that are the dominant factor in long-term Arctic sea ice loss and hemispheric warming.
C1 [Delworth, Thomas L.; Zeng, Fanrong; Vecchi, Gabriel A.; Yang, Xiaosong; Zhang, Liping; Zhang, Rong] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Delworth, TL (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM Tom.Delworth@noaa.gov
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008; Zhang, Rong/D-9767-2014; Yang,
Xiaosong/C-7260-2009
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X; Zhang, Rong/0000-0002-8493-6556;
Yang, Xiaosong/0000-0003-3154-605X
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 10
U2 19
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 7
BP 509
EP +
DI 10.1038/NGEO2738
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DR3SV
UT WOS:000379823800014
ER
PT J
AU Williams, DJ
Archer, R
Archibald, P
Bantounas, I
Baptista, R
Barker, R
Barry, J
Bietrix, F
Blair, N
Braybrook, J
Campbell, J
Canham, M
Chandra, A
Foldes, G
Gilmanshin, R
Girard, M
Gorjup, E
Hewitt, Z
Hourd, P
Hyllner, J
Jesson, H
Kee, J
Kerby, J
Kotsopoulou, N
Kowalski, S
Leidel, C
Marshall, D
Masi, L
McCall, M
McCann, C
Medcalf, N
Moore, H
Ozawa, H
Pan, D
Parmar, M
Plant, AL
Reinwald, Y
Sebastian, S
Stacey, G
Thomas, RJ
Thomas, D
Thurman-Newell, J
Turner, M
Vitillio, L
Wall, I
Wilson, A
Wolfrum, J
Yang, Y
Zimmerman, H
AF Williams, David J.
Archer, Richard
Archibald, Peter
Bantounas, Ioannis
Baptista, Ricardo
Barker, Roger
Barry, Jacqueline
Bietrix, Florence
Blair, Nicholas
Braybrook, Julian
Campbell, Jonathan
Canham, Maurice
Chandra, Amit
Foldes, Gabor
Gilmanshin, Rudy
Girard, Mathilde
Gorjup, Erwin
Hewitt, Zoe
Hourd, Paul
Hyllner, Johan
Jesson, Helen
Kee, Jasmin
Kerby, Julie
Kotsopoulou, Nina
Kowalski, Stanley
Leidel, Chris
Marshall, Damian
Masi, Louis
McCall, Mark
McCann, Conor
Medcalf, Nicholas
Moore, Harry
Ozawa, Hiroki
Pan, David
Parmar, Malin
Plant, Anne L.
Reinwald, Yvonne
Sebastian, Sujith
Stacey, Glyn
Thomas, Robert J.
Thomas, Dave
Thurman-Newell, Jamie
Turner, Marc
Vitillio, Loriana
Wall, Ivan
Wilson, Alison
Wolfrum, Jacqueline
Yang, Ying
Zimmerman, Heiko
TI Comparability: manufacturing, characterization and controls, report of a
UK Regenerative Medicine Platform Pluripotent Stem Cell Platform
Workshop, Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 14-15 September 2015
SO REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE advice; comparability; human pluripotent stem cell derived;
manufacturing; quality; regulatory
AB This paper summarizes the proceedings of a workshop held at Trinity Hall, Cambridge to discuss comparability and includes additional information and references to related information added subsequently to the workshop. Comparability is the need to demonstrate equivalence of product after a process change; a recent publication states that this 'may be difficult for cell-based medicinal products'. Therefore a well-managed change process is required which needs access to good science and regulatory advice and developers are encouraged to seek help early. The workshop shared current thinking and best practice and allowed the definition of key research questions. The intent of this report is to summarize the key issues and the consensus reached on each of these by the expert delegates.
C1 [Williams, David J.; Archibald, Peter; Chandra, Amit; Hourd, Paul; Jesson, Helen; McCall, Mark; Medcalf, Nicholas; Sebastian, Sujith; Thomas, Robert J.; Thurman-Newell, Jamie] Univ Loughborough, Ctr Biol Engn, Holywell Pk, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England.
[Archer, Richard] Two BC, Newmarket, Suffolk, England.
[Bantounas, Ioannis] Univ Manchester, Michael Smith Bldg,Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England.
[Baptista, Ricardo; Barry, Jacqueline; Hyllner, Johan; Marshall, Damian] Guys Hosp, Cell & Gene Therapy Catapult, 12th Floor Tower Wing, London SE1 9RT, England.
[Barker, Roger] Univ Cambridge, John van Geest Ctr Brain Repair, ED Adrian Bldg,Forvie Site,Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0PY, England.
[Bietrix, Florence] European Infrastruct Translat Med, EATRIS Headquarters, De Boelelaan 1118, NL-1081 HZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Blair, Nicholas; Vitillio, Loriana] Univ Cambridge, Anne McLaren Lab Regenerat Med, West Forvie Bldg,Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, England.
[Braybrook, Julian; Campbell, Jonathan] LGC Grp, Queens Rd, Teddington TW11 0LY, Middx, England.
[Canham, Maurice] Univ Edinburgh, MRC Ctr Regenerat Med, 5 Little France Dr, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Foldes, Gabor] Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Fac Med, ICTEM Bldg,Hammersmith Campus,Du Cane Rd, London W12 0NN, England.
[Gilmanshin, Rudy; Kowalski, Stanley; Leidel, Chris; Masi, Louis] FloDesign Son Inc, 380 Main St, Wilbraham, MA 01095 USA.
[Girard, Mathilde] I Stem, CECS I STEM, 2 Rue Henri Desbrueres, F-91100 Corbeil Essonnes, France.
[Gorjup, Erwin; Zimmerman, Heiko] Fraunhofer IBMT, Aussenstelle Cambridge Babraham, Meditrina Bldg,Babraham Res Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, England.
[Hewitt, Zoe; Moore, Harry] Univ Sheffield, Ctr Stem Cell Biol, Alfred Denny Bldg,Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.
[Kee, Jasmin] Reneuron, Pencoed Business Pk, Pencoed CF35 5HY, Bridgend, Wales.
[Kerby, Julie] Neusentis Pfizer Ltd, Portway Bldg,Granta Pk, Cambridge CB21 6GS, England.
[Kotsopoulou, Nina] Autolus Ltd, Forest House,58 Wood Lane, London W12 7RP, England.
[McCann, Conor] UCL, UCL Inst Child Hlth, Stem Cells & Regenerat Med Sect, 30 Guilford St, London WC1N 1EH, England.
[Ozawa, Hiroki] UCL, UCL Canc Inst, Paul OGorman Bldg,72 Huntley St, London WC1E 6DD, England.
[Pan, David] MRC, 2nd Floor David Phillips Bldg,Polaris House, Swindon SN2 1FL, Wilts, England.
[Parmar, Malin] Lund Univ, Wallenberg Neurosci Ctr, Dev & Regenerat Neurobiol, S-22184 Lund, Sweden.
[Plant, Anne L.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Reinwald, Yvonne; Yang, Ying] Keele Univ, Inst Sci & Technol Med, Thronburrow Dr, Hartshill Stoke On Trent ST4 7QB, Staffs, England.
[Stacey, Glyn] Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Blanche Lane, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, Herts, England.
[Thomas, Dave] TAP Biosyst, Sartorius Stedim, York Way, Royston SG8 5WY, Herts, England.
[Turner, Marc] Scottish Natl Blood Transfus Serv, SNBTS HeadQuarters, 21 Ellens Glen Rd, Edinburgh EH17 7QT, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Wall, Ivan] UCL, Dept Biochem Engn, Torrington Pl, London WC1E 7JE, England.
[Wilson, Alison] CellData Serv, 3 Burgate Court, York YO43 4TZ, N Yorkshire, England.
[Wolfrum, Jacqueline] MIT, Ctr Biomed Innovat, Bldg E19-604, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Williams, DJ (reprint author), Univ Loughborough, Ctr Biol Engn, Holywell Pk, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leics, England.
EM d.j.williams@lboro.ac.uk
FU Pluripotent Stem Cell Hub of the UK Regenerative Medicine Programme
FX This workshop was funded by the Pluripotent Stem Cell Hub of the UK
Regenerative Medicine Programme. The authors have no other relevant
affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity
with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject
matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those
disclosed.
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
PI LONDON
PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3
1QB, ENGLAND
SN 1746-0751
EI 1746-076X
J9 REGEN MED
JI Regen. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 5
BP 483
EP 492
DI 10.2217/rme-2016-0053
PG 10
WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Engineering, Biomedical
SC Cell Biology; Engineering
GA DR3WS
UT WOS:000379834000010
PM 27404768
ER
PT J
AU DeMartini, EE
AF DeMartini, Edward E.
TI Sexual Dimorphisms in the Bluespine Unicornfish, Naso unicornis
(Acanthuridae): External Metrics for Movement Ecology and Life History
SO COPEIA
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE RESERVE; MICRONESIA; PATTERNS
AB External morphometrics were quantified and compared with body size for adults of an Oahu (Hawaii) population of the Bluespine Unicornfish (Naso unicornis). Specimens were obtained by monthly fishery-dependent collections during the period from April 2011 to July 2012. Three apparently size-related, sexually dimorphic traits were measured (cephalic horn length, to the nearest mm; several measures of peduncular keel/spine development, 0.1 mm; caudal fin filament length, mm) using dial calipers and related to fork length (FL, mm) for individuals of each sex. Histological slides of sub-adult and adult gonads were examined microscopically, and sexual identity and gonadal development and maturation were scored using standard criteria. Each of the metrics examined was sexually dimorphic and positively related to FL using simple linear regression. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the relative ability of each metric, or some combination thereof, to predict the sex of an individual fish. Although combinations of two or all three metrics accurately predicted sex, a single metric (peduncle width across the posterior keel) provided the most efficient and accurate (80% [75-84%, 95% CI] successful) predictor of an individual's sexual identity. Thus a single measure can be used to sex fish in the field. The implications of this finding relative to studies of the movement ecology and life history of this ecologically and economically important species are discussed.
C1 [DeMartini, Edward E.] NOAA Fisheries, Inouye Reg Ctr, Fisheries Res & Monitoring Div, 1845 Wasp Blvd,Bldg 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
RP DeMartini, EE (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Inouye Reg Ctr, Fisheries Res & Monitoring Div, 1845 Wasp Blvd,Bldg 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
EM edward.demartini@noaa.gov
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS
PI MIAMI
PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200
SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA
SN 0045-8511
EI 1938-5110
J9 COPEIA
JI Copeia
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 104
IS 2
BP 498
EP 505
DI 10.1643/CE-15-270
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DR0VY
UT WOS:000379626200015
ER
PT J
AU Vincenzi, S
Crivelli, AJ
Munch, S
Skaug, HJ
Mangel, M
AF Vincenzi, Simone
Crivelli, Alain J.
Munch, Stephan
Skaug, Hans J.
Mangel, Marc
TI Trade-offs between accuracy and interpretability in von Bertalanffy
random-effects models of growth
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE brown trout (Salmo trutta); longitudinal data; rumble trout (Salmo via
atus); model predictions; von Bertalanffy growth fnnction; Slovenia
ID ECO-EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS; TROUT SALMO-MARMORATUS; INDIVIDUAL GROWTH;
BAYESIAN-APPROACH; LIFE-HISTORY; FISH; POPULATIONS; PARAMETERS;
EQUATION; CONSEQUENCES
AB Better understanding of variation in growth will always be an important problem in ecology. Individual variation in growth can arise from a variety of processes; for example, individuals within a population vary in their intrinsic metabolic rates and behavioral traits, which may influence their foraging dynamics and access to resources. However, when adopting a growth model, we face trade-offs between model complexity, biological interpretability of parameters, and goodness of fit. We explore how different formulations of the von Bertalanffy growth function (vBGF) with individual random effects and environmental predictors affect these trade-offs. In the vBGF, the growth of an organism results from a dynamic balance between anabolic and catabolic processes. We start from a formulation of the vBGF that models the anabolic coefficient (q) as a function of the catabolic coefficient (k), a coefficient related to the properties of the environment (y) and a parameter that determines the relative importance of behavior and environment in determining growth (w). We treat the vBGF parameters as a function of individual random effects and environmental variables. We use simulations to show how different functional forms and individual or group variability in the growth function's parameters provide a very flexible description of growth trajectories. We then consider a case study of two fish populations of Salina marrnoratus and Salnto trutta to test the goodness of fit and predictive power of the models, along with the biological interpretability of vBGF's parameters when using different model formulations. The best models, according to AIC, included individual variability in both k and 7 and cohort as predictor of growth trajectories, and are consistent with the hypothesis that habitat selection is more important than behavioral and metabolic traits in determining lifetime growth trajectories of the two fish species. Model predictions of individual growth trajectories were largely more accurate than predictions based on mean size-at-age of fish. Our method shares information across individuals, and thus, for both fish populations investigated, allows using a single measurement early in the life of individual fish or cohort to obtain accurate predictions of lifetime individual or cohort size-at-age.
C1 [Vincenzi, Simone; Mangel, Marc] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Vincenzi, Simone] Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Elettron Informaz & Bioingn, Via Ponzio 34-5, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Crivelli, Alain J.] Stn Biol Tour du Valat, F-1320 Le Sambuc, France.
[Munch, Stephan] NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Skaug, Hans J.] Univ Bergen, Dept Math, Box 7800, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
[Mangel, Marc] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
RP Vincenzi, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; Vincenzi, S (reprint author), Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Elettron Informaz & Bioingn, Via Ponzio 34-5, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
EM simon.vincenz@gmail.com
FU IOF Marie Curie Fellowship; Center for Stock Assessment Research (CSTAR)
FX Simone Vincenzi is supported by an IOF Marie Curie Fellowship
FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF for the project "RAPIDEVO" on rapid evolutionary
responses to climate change in natural populations and by the Center for
Stock Assessment Research (CSTAR), a partnership between UCSC and the
Southwest Fisheries Science Center. We are grateful to Stuart West, the
anonymous reviewers at Axios Review, and the anonymous reviewers at
Ecological Applications for comments on this manuscript.
NR 76
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 14
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 5
BP 1535
EP 1552
DI 10.1890/15-1177
PG 18
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DR0NJ
UT WOS:000379603900018
PM 27755751
ER
PT J
AU Foss-Grant, AP
Zipkin, EF
Thorson, JT
Jensen, OP
Fagan, WF
AF Foss-Grant, Andrew P.
Zipkin, Elise F.
Thorson, James T.
Jensen, Olaf P.
Fagan, William F.
TI Hierarchical analysis of taxonomic variation in intraspecific
competition across fish species
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE density-dependence; hierarchical model; intraspecific competition;
stock-recruitment; recruitment compensation; Shepherd stock-recruitment
model; stock assessment; meta-analysis
ID STOCK-RECRUITMENT RELATIONSHIPS; MAXIMUM REPRODUCTIVE RATE; EASTERN
BERING-SEA; LIFE-HISTORY; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE;
BODY-SIZE; BAYESIAN METAANALYSIS; CARRYING-CAPACITY; OCEAN CONDITIONS
AB The nature and intensity of intraspecific competition can vary greatly among taxa, yet similarities in these interactions can lead to similar population dynamics among related organisms. Variation along the spectrum of intraspecific competition, with contest and scramble competition as endpoints, leads to vastly different responses to population density. Here we investigated the diversity of intraspecific competition among fish species, predicting that functional forms of density-dependent reproduction would be conserved in related taxa. Using a hierarchical model that links stock-recruitment parameters among populations, species, and orders, we found that the strength of overcompensation, and therefore the type of intraspecific competition, is tightly clustered within taxonomic groupings, as species within an order share similar degrees of compensation. Specifically, species within the orders Salmoniformes and Pleuronectiformes exhibited density dependence indicative of scramble competition (overcompensation) while the orders Clupeiformes, Gadiformes, Perciformes, and Scorpaeniformes exhibited dynamics consistent with contest competition (compensation). Maximum potential recruitment also varied among orders, but with less clustering across species. We also tested whether stock-recruitment parameters correlated with maximum body length among species, but found no strong relationship. Our results suggest that much of the variation in the form of density-dependent reproduction among fish species may be predicted taxonomically due to evolved life history traits and reproductive behaviors.
C1 [Foss-Grant, Andrew P.; Fagan, William F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Zipkin, Elise F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Ecol Evolutionary Biol & Behav Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Thorson, James T.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Resources Assessment & Monitoring Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Jensen, Olaf P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
RP Foss-Grant, AP (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM andyfg@umd.edu
OI Thorson, James/0000-0001-7415-1010
NR 71
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 20
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 7
BP 1724
EP 1734
DI 10.1890/15-0733.1
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DQ6OE
UT WOS:000379323800010
PM 27859158
ER
PT J
AU Nadeem, K
Moore, JE
Zhang, Y
Chipman, H
AF Nadeem, Khurram
Moore, Jeffrey E.
Zhang, Ying
Chipman, Hugh
TI Integrating population dynamics models and distance sampling data: a
spatial hierarchical state-space approach
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Akaike information criterion; density dependence; distance sampling; fin
whale (Balaenoptera physalus); Gaussian process; maximum likelihood
estimation; model identifiability; nonlinear autoregressive model;
Ricker model; spatial modelling; state-space models
ID DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; TIME-SERIES; DATA CLONING; OBSERVATION ERROR;
CALIFORNIA CURRENT; RECAPTURE MODELS; ANIMAL MOVEMENT; PROCESS NOISE;
ABUNDANCE; INFERENCE
AB Stochastic versions of Gompertz, Ricker, and various other dynamics models play a fundamental role in quantifying strength of density dependence and studying long-term dynamics of wildlife populations. These models are frequently estimated using time series of abundance estimates that are inevitably subject to observation error and missing data. This issue can be addressed with a state-space modeling framework that jointly estimates the observed data model and the underlying stochastic population dynamics (SPD) model. In cases where abundance data are from multiple locations with a smaller spatial resolution (e.g., from mark-recapture and distance sampling studies), models are conventionally fitted to spatially pooled estimates of yearly abundances. Here, we demonstrate that a spatial version of SPD models can be directly estimated from short time series of spatially referenced distance sampling data in a unified hierarchical state-space modeling framework that also allows for spatial variance (covariance) in population growth. We also show that a full range of likelihood based inference, including estimability diagnostics and model-selection, is feasible in this class of models using a data cloning algorithm. We further show through simulation experiments that the hierarchical state--space framework introduced herein efficiently captures the underlying dynamical parameters and spatial abundance distribution. We apply our methodology by analyzing a time series of line-transect distance sampling data for fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) off the U.S. west coast. Although there were only seven surveys conducted during the study time frame, 1991-2014, our analysis detected presence of strong density regulation and provided reliable estimates of fin whale densities. In summary, we show that the integrative framework developed herein allows ecologists to better infer key population characteristics such as presence of density regulation and spatial variability in a population's intrinsic growth potential.
C1 [Nadeem, Khurram; Zhang, Ying; Chipman, Hugh] Acadia Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada.
[Moore, Jeffrey E.] NOAA, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Nadeem, K (reprint author), Acadia Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada.
EM khurram.nadee@gmail.com
FU Canadian Statistical Sciences Institute (CANSSI)
FX This research was funded by a postdoctoral fellowship award from the
Canadian Statistical Sciences Institute (CANSSI). We thank Jay Barlow
and Tim Gerrodette for important discussions and insightful comments. We
are also grateful to the associate editor and two anonymous referees for
their helpful suggestions in revising an earlier draft.
NR 56
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 20
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 7
BP 1735
EP 1745
DI 10.1890/15-1406.1
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DQ6OE
UT WOS:000379323800011
PM 27859153
ER
PT J
AU Humphreys, AF
Halfar, J
Rivera, F
Manzello, D
Reymond, CE
Westphal, H
Riegl, B
AF Humphreys, Alexander F.
Halfar, Jochen
Rivera, Fernando
Manzello, Derek
Reymond, Claire E.
Westphal, Hildegard
Riegl, Bernhard
TI Variable El Nino-Southern Oscillation influence on biofacies dynamics of
eastern Pacific shallow-water carbonate systems
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; CORAL-REEFS; GALAPAGOS; ENSO; VARIABILITY;
FRAMEWORK; MEXICO; PANAMA; EVENT
AB The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a periodic climatic and oceanic event caused by sea-surface temperature and nutrient anomalies over the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean (ETP). Recurring ENSO events have a significant impact on climate and the ecosystems of the circum-Pacific region. In the marine realm, ENSO is known for altering temperature and nutrient patterns, affecting the pelagic food chain, and causing widespread bleaching of corals due to temperature stress. The potential impacts of ENSO on shallow benthic ecosystems as a whole, however, are poorly understood. Here, we compared biogenic sedimentary facies of ETP shallow-water carbonate systems in a strongly ENSO-influenced area (Galapagos Islands, Ecuador [GAL]) with similar systems in an area less strongly influenced by ENSO (Gulf of California, Mexico [GOC]). Carbonate assemblages in both study regions range from coral-algal-dominated (photozoan) to molluscan-dominated (heterozoan) assemblages. Linear statistical models, comparing the distribution of carbonates against prominent local oceanographic parameters, show that minimum chlorophyll-a and maximum sea-surface temperature (which are both strongly influenced by ENSO) are dominant drivers shaping carbonate sediment facies in the GAL. In contrast, GOC carbonates have a distinct mean chlorophyll-a signature that is the result of an upwelling-induced north-south nutrient gradient not significantly influenced by ENSO.
C1 [Humphreys, Alexander F.; Halfar, Jochen] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem & Phys Sci, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada.
[Rivera, Fernando] Inst Nazca, Calle 20 1615 Ave 12 Octubre Salinas, Santa Elena 240290, Ecuador.
[Manzello, Derek] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Reymond, Claire E.; Westphal, Hildegard] Leibniz Ctr Trop Marine Ecol ZMT, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Westphal, Hildegard] Univ Bremen, Dept Geosci, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Riegl, Bernhard] Nova Southeastern Univ, Dept Marine & Environm Sci, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
RP Humphreys, AF (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Chem & Phys Sci, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada.
RI Manzello, Derek/A-8661-2014;
OI Manzello, Derek/0000-0002-0720-3041; Riegl,
Bernhard/0000-0002-6003-9324; Reymond, Claire/0000-0001-5669-3721
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery
Grant
FX This project was funded by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada Discovery Grant. Thanks go to Alberto Zirino, for the
Gulf of California pH data.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 17
U2 19
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 44
IS 7
BP 571
EP 574
DI 10.1130/G37745.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA DQ7AH
UT WOS:000379358300026
ER
PT J
AU Uprety, S
Cao, CY
AF Uprety, Sirish
Cao, Changyong
TI Radiometric Comparison of 1.6-mu m CO2 Absorption Band of Greenhouse
Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) TANSO-FTS with Suomi-NPP VIIRS SWIR
Band
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CALIBRATION; LANDSAT
AB An atmospheric CO2 increase has become a progressively important global concern in recent past decades. Since the 1950s, the Keeling curve has documented the atmospheric CO2 increase as well as seasonal variations, which also intrigued scientists to develop new methods for global CO2 measurements from satellites. One of the dedicated satellite missions is the CO2 measurement in the 1.6-mu m shortwave infrared spectra by the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) Thermal and Near Infrared Sensor for Carbon Observations-Fourier Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) instrument. While this spectral region has unique advantages in detecting lower-trophosphere CO2, there are many challenges because it relies on accurate measurements of reflected solar radiance from Earth's surface. Therefore, the calibration of the TANSO-FTS CO2 has a direct impact on the CO2 retrievals and its long-term trends. Coincidently, the Suomi-NPP Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) 1.6-mu m band spectrally overlaps with the TANSO-FTS CO2 band, and both satellites are in orbit with periodical simultaneous nadir overpass measurements. This study performs an intercomparison of VIIRS and the TANSO-FTS CO2 band in an effort to evaluate and improve the radiometric consistency. Understanding the differences provides feedback on how well the GOSAT TANSO-FTS is performing over time, which is critical to ensure a well-calibrated, stable, and bias-free CO2 product.
C1 [Uprety, Sirish] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, 1375 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Cao, Changyong] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NESDIS, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Uprety, S (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, 1375 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM sirish.uprety@noaa.gov; changyong.cao@noaa.gov
RI Cao, Changyong/F-5578-2010
FU JPSS program office under the NOAA Award [NA14OAR4320125]
FX This work is funded by the JPSS program office under the NOAA Award
NA14OAR4320125. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive
comments and suggestions. The manuscript contents are solely the opinion
of the authors and do not constitute a statement of policy, decision, or
position on behalf of NOAA or the U.S. government.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 7
BP 1443
EP 1453
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-15-0157.1
PG 11
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DR0AU
UT WOS:000379571200008
ER
PT J
AU Weaver, SJ
Baxter, S
Harnos, K
AF Weaver, Scott J.
Baxter, Stephen
Harnos, Kirstin
TI Regional Changes in the Interannual Variability of US Warm Season
Precipitation
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SUMMER RAINFALL VARIABILITY; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; LOW-LEVEL JET;
GREAT-PLAINS; MOISTURE TRANSPORT; INTENSIFICATION; SIMULATIONS;
CIRCULATION
AB Intensification of regional springtime precipitation variability over the United States and the role of North American low-level jets (NALLJs) are investigated for the 1950-2010 period. The analysis reveals that the primary modes of NALLJ fluctuations are related to the strengthening of AMJ precipitation variability over the northern Great Plains and southeastern United States during the last 60 years. Examination of the epochal change in NALLJ variations shows a stronger connectivity to SST variability during 1980-2010 than in the 1950-79 period. In the context of the first three NALLJ variability modes it appears that the role of decadal SST variations (NALLJ mode 1) and the recent emergence of tropical Pacific connectivity (NALLJ modes 1 and 2) via SST-induced atmospheric heating and large-scale circulation changes may act to strengthen and spatially shift the NALLJ variability modes southward and/or eastward, intensifying regional precipitation variability in the recent epoch. Although notable NALLJ variability also exists in the earlier epoch, the upper-level height field is significantly lacking in meridional gradients, leading to weak upper-level zonal wind anomalies over the United States and diminished NALLJ variability. Conversely, the intensified and spatially shifted upper-level height anomaly in the recent epoch produces enhanced meridional height gradients in all three modes, strengthening NALLJ variability-highlighting that seemingly subtle shifts in hemispheric-scale atmospheric circulation changes can have important impacts on regional climate variability and change.
C1 [Weaver, Scott J.; Baxter, Stephen; Harnos, Kirstin] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Weaver, Scott J.] Environm Def Fund, 1875 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20009 USA.
RP Weaver, SJ (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.; Weaver, SJ (reprint author), Environm Def Fund, 1875 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20009 USA.
EM sweaver@edf.org
FU NOAA Modeling, Analysis, Predictions, and Projections (MAPP) Program
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the contributions of two anonymous
reviewers whose suggestions greatly enhanced the quality of the
manuscript, and the support of the NOAA Modeling, Analysis, Predictions,
and Projections (MAPP) Program.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 14
BP 5157
EP 5173
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00803.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DQ4YD
UT WOS:000379209800006
ER
PT J
AU Lowenthal, MS
Davis, KS
Formolo, T
Kilpatrick, LE
Phinney, KW
AF Lowenthal, Mark S.
Davis, Kiersta S.
Formolo, Trina
Kilpatrick, Lisa E.
Phinney, Karen W.
TI Identification of Novel N-Glycosylation Sites at Noncanonical Protein
Consensus Motifs
SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE N-glycosylation; noncanonical glycosylation; N-X-C; consensus motif;
evolutionary conservation; mass spectrometry; LC-MS/MS; A1AG;
transferrin
ID ASPARAGINE-LINKED OLIGOSACCHARIDES; CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
HUMAN-SERUM TRANSFERRIN; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; HUMAN PLASMA;
TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONIC ACID; HYDRAZIDE CHEMISTRY; TANDEM REPEAT;
HEAVY-CHAIN; GLYCOPROTEINS
AB N-glycosylation of proteins is well known to occur at asparagine residues that fall within the canonical consensus sequence N-X-S/T but has also been identified at a small number of asparagine residues within N-X-C motifs, including the N-491 residue of human serotransferrin. Here we report novel glycosylation sites within noncanonical consensus motifs, in the conformation N-XC, based on mass spectrometry analysis of partially deglycosylated glycopeptide targets. Alpha-l-acid glycoprotein (A1AG) and serotransferrin (Tf) were observed for the first time to be N-glycosylated on asparagine residues within a total of six unique noncanonical motifs. N-glycosylation was initially predicted in silico based on the evolutionary conservation of the N-X-C motif among related mammalian species and demonstrated experimentally in A1AG from porcine, canine, and feline sources and in human serotransferrin. High-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was employed to collect fragmentation data of predicted GlcNAcylated peptides and to assign modification sites within N-X-C motifs. A combination of targeted analytical techniques that includes complementary mass spectrometry platforms, enzymatic digestions, and partial-deglycosylation procedures was developed to confirm the novel observations. Additionally, we found that A1AG in porcine and canine sources is highly N-glycosylated at a noncanonical motif (N-Q-C) based on semiquantitative multiple reaction monitoring analysis-the first report of an N-X-C motif exhibiting substantial N-glycosylation. Although reports of N-X-C motif N-glycosylation are relatively uncommon in the literature, this work adds to a growing list of glycoproteins reported with glycosylation at various forms of noncanonical motifs.
C1 [Lowenthal, Mark S.; Davis, Kiersta S.; Formolo, Trina; Kilpatrick, Lisa E.; Phinney, Karen W.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Biomol Measurement Div, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8314, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lowenthal, MS (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Biomol Measurement Div, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8314, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mark.lowenthal@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1535-3893
EI 1535-3907
J9 J PROTEOME RES
JI J. Proteome Res.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 15
IS 7
BP 2087
EP 2101
DI 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00733
PG 15
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA DQ8JH
UT WOS:000379456400001
PM 27246700
ER
PT J
AU Gazzano, O
Solomon, GS
AF Gazzano, Olivier
Solomon, Glenn S.
TI Toward optical quantum information processing with quantum dots coupled
to microstructures [Invited]
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENTANGLED PHOTON PAIRS; INDISTINGUISHABLE SINGLE PHOTONS; SOLID-STATE
SOURCE; SPONTANEOUS-EMISSION; LINEAR OPTICS; LIGHT EXTRACTION;
MICROCAVITY; BOXES; INAS; BRIGHT
AB Major improvements have been made on semiconductor quantum dot light sources recently and now they can be seen as a serious candidate for near-future scalable photonic quantum information processing experiments. The three key parameters of these photon sources for such applications have been pushed to extreme values: almost unity single-photon purity and photon indistinguishability, and high brightness. In this paper, we review the progress achieved recently on quantum-dot-based single-photon sources. We also review some quantum information experiments where entanglement processes are achieved using semiconductor quantum dots. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Gazzano, Olivier] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gazzano, O (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ogazzano@umd.edu
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) through PFC@JQI; Army Research Office
(ARO) Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative on Hybrid quantum
interactions
FX National Science Foundation (NSF) through PFC@JQI; Army Research Office
(ARO) Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative on Hybrid quantum
interactions.
NR 154
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 10
U2 14
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
EI 1520-8540
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 7
AR UNSP C160
DI 10.1364/JOSAB.33.00C160
PG 16
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DR2PT
UT WOS:000379747100019
ER
PT J
AU Ives, M
Autry, TM
Cundiff, ST
Nardin, G
AF Ives, Megan
Autry, Travis M.
Cundiff, Steven T.
Nardin, Gael
TI Direct imaging of surface plasmon polariton dispersion in gold and
silver thin films
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RESONANCE
AB We image the dispersion of surface plasmon polaritons in gold and silver thin films of 30 and 50 nm thickness, using angle-resolved white light spectroscopy in the Kretschmann geometry. Calibrated dispersion curves are obtained over a wavelength range spanning from 550 to 900 nm. We obtain good qualitative agreement with calculated dispersion curves that take into account the thickness of the thin film. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Ives, Megan; Autry, Travis M.; Cundiff, Steven T.; Nardin, Gael] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ives, Megan; Autry, Travis M.; Cundiff, Steven T.; Nardin, Gael] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Autry, Travis M.; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Nardin, Gael] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Sch Engn, Lab Appl Photon Devices, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
RP Nardin, G (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Nardin, G (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Nardin, G (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Sch Engn, Lab Appl Photon Devices, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
EM gael.nardin@a3.epfl.ch
RI Nardin, Gael/F-3484-2011
OI Nardin, Gael/0000-0001-6642-0348
FU Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); University of Colorado
FX Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); University of Colorado.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 11
U2 18
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
EI 1520-8540
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 7
DI 10.1364/JOSAB.33.000C17
PG 5
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DR2PT
UT WOS:000379747100003
ER
PT J
AU Moody, G
Schaibley, J
Xu, XD
AF Moody, Galan
Schaibley, John
Xu, Xiaodong
TI Exciton dynamics in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides [Invited]
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID 2-DIMENSIONAL ATOMIC CRYSTALS; SINGLE-LAYER MOS2; MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE;
MONO LAYER; SURFACE-RECOMBINATION; VALLEY POLARIZATION; BINDING-ENERGY;
QUANTUM-WELLS; WSE2; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
AB Since the discovery of semiconducting monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, a variety of experimental and theoretical studies have been carried out seeking to understand the intrinsic exciton population recombination and valley relaxation dynamics. Reports of the exciton decay time range from hundreds of femtoseconds to ten nanoseconds, while the valley depolarization time can exceed one nanosecond. At present, however, a consensus on the microscopic mechanisms governing exciton radiative and non-radiative recombination is lacking. The strong exciton oscillator strength resulting in up to similar to 20% absorption for a single monolayer points to ultrafast radiative recombination. However, the low quantum yield and large variance in the reported lifetimes suggest that non-radiative Auger-type processes obscure the intrinsic exciton radiative lifetime. In either case, the electron-hole exchange interaction plays an important role in the exciton spin and valley dynamics. In this paper, we review the experiments and theory that have led to these conclusions and comment on future experiments that could complement our current understanding.
C1 [Moody, Galan] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Schaibley, John; Xu, Xiaodong] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Xu, Xiaodong] Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Xu, XD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Xu, XD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM galan.moody@nist.gov; xuxd@uw.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0008145, DE-SC0012509]; Air Force
Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-14-1-0277]
FX U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) (DE-SC0008145, DE-SC0012509); Air Force
Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) (FA9550-14-1-0277).
NR 79
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 24
U2 44
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
EI 1520-8540
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 7
DI 10.1364/JOSAB.33.000C39
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DR2PT
UT WOS:000379747100006
ER
PT J
AU Singh, R
Moody, G
Siemens, ME
Li, HB
Cundiff, ST
AF Singh, Rohan
Moody, Galan
Siemens, Mark E.
Li, Hebin
Cundiff, Steven T.
TI Quantifying spectral diffusion by the direct measurement of the
correlation function for excitons in semiconductor quantum wells
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LINE-SHAPES; SOLVATION DYNAMICS; TIME-DOMAIN; SPECTROSCOPY;
LOCALIZATION; RESONANCE; ECHO; DOTS
AB The phenomenon of spectral diffusion is common to a variety of inhomogeneously broadened systems. Spectral diffusion can be quantified through the frequency-frequency correlation function (FFCF), which is often approximated using observables from a variety of experimental techniques. We present a direct measurement of the temperature-dependent FFCF for excitons in semiconductor quantum wells using two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy. This technique enables the FFCF to be quantified without making any assumptions of the FFCF dynamics. Our results show that the Gauss-Markov approximation, which assumes exponential decay dynamics of the FFCF, is only valid for sample temperatures above 50 K. We compare our results with those obtained by the ellipticity and center-line slope measurements. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Singh, Rohan; Moody, Galan; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Singh, Rohan; Moody, Galan; Cundiff, Steven T.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Singh, Rohan; Moody, Galan; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Singh, Rohan; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Siemens, Mark E.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
[Li, Hebin] Florida Int Univ, Dept Phys, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Moody, Galan] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Cundiff, ST (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Cundiff, ST (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Cundiff, ST (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Cundiff, ST (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
EM cundiff@umich.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE5 FG02-02ER15346]; National Science
Foundation (NSF) [1125844]
FX U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) (DE5 FG02-02ER15346); National Science
Foundation (NSF) (1125844).
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
EI 1520-8540
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 7
DI 10.1364/JOSAB.33.00C137
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DR2PT
UT WOS:000379747100016
ER
PT J
AU Baco, AR
Etter, RJ
Ribeiro, PA
Von der Heyden, S
Beerli, P
Kinlan, BP
AF Baco, Amy R.
Etter, Ron J.
Ribeiro, Pedro A.
Von der Heyden, Sophie
Beerli, Peter
Kinlan, Brian P.
TI A synthesis of genetic connectivity in deep-sea fauna and implications
for marine reserve design
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Deep-sea connectivity; genetic estimates of dispersal distance;
isolation-by-distance slope; marine reserves
ID PELAGIC LARVAL DURATION; WESTERN BOUNDARY CURRENT; NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN;
POPULATION CONNECTIVITY; PROTECTED AREAS; LAGRANGIAN OBSERVATIONS;
GEOCHEMICAL SIGNATURES; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; PROPAGULE DISPERSAL;
F-STATISTICS
AB With anthropogenic impacts rapidly advancing into deeper waters, there is growing interest in establishing deep-sea marine protected areas (MPAs) or reserves. Reserve design depends on estimates of connectivity and scales of dispersal for the taxa of interest. Deep-sea taxa are hypothesized to disperse greater distances than shallow-water taxa, which implies that reserves would need to be larger in size and networks could be more widely spaced; however, this paradigm has not been tested. We compiled population genetic studies of deep-sea fauna and estimated dispersal distances for 51 studies using a method based on isolation-by-distance slopes. Estimates of dispersal distance ranged from 0.24 km to 2028 km with a geometric mean of 33.2 km and differed in relation to taxonomic and life-history factors as well as several study parameters. Dispersal distances were generally greater for fishes than invertebrates with the Mollusca being the least dispersive sampled phylum. Species that are pelagic as adults were more dispersive than those with sessile or sedentary lifestyles. Benthic species from soft-substrate habitats were generally less dispersive than species from hard substrate, demersal or pelagic habitats. As expected, species with pelagic and/or feeding (planktotrophic) larvae were more dispersive than other larval types. Many of these comparisons were confounded by taxonomic or other life-history differences (e.g. fishes being more dispersive than invertebrates) making any simple interpretation difficult. Our results provide the first rough estimate of the range of dispersal distances in the deep sea and allow comparisons to shallow-water assemblages. Overall, dispersal distances were greater for deeper taxa, although the differences were not large (0.3-0.6 orders of magnitude between means), and imbalanced sampling of shallow and deep taxa complicates any simple interpretation. Our analyses suggest the scales of dispersal and connectivity for reserve design in the deep sea might be comparable to or slightly larger than those in shallow water. Deep-sea reserve design will need to consider the enormous variety of taxa, life histories, hydrodynamics, spatial configuration of habitats and patterns of species distributions. The many caveats of our analyses provide a strong impetus for substantial future efforts to assess connectivity of deep-sea species from a variety of habitats, taxonomic groups and depth zones.
C1 [Baco, Amy R.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 117 N Woodward Ave, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Etter, Ron J.] Univ Massachusetts Boston, Dept Biol, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Ribeiro, Pedro A.] Univ Azores, Dept Oceanog & Fisheries, MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, P-9901862 Horta, Portugal.
[Ribeiro, Pedro A.] Univ Azores, IMAR Inst Marine Res, P-9901862 Horta, Portugal.
[Ribeiro, Pedro A.] Univ Azores, Okeanos R&D Ctr, P-9901862 Horta, Portugal.
[Von der Heyden, Sophie] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Bot & Zool, Evolutionary Genom Grp, Private Bag X1, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa.
[Beerli, Peter] Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Dirac Sci Lib 150 T, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Kinlan, Brian P.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Centers Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment,Biogeog Branc, 1305 East West Hwy,N SCI 1, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Kinlan, Brian P.] CSS Dynamac Inc, 10301 Democracy Lane,Suite 300, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Baco, AR (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 117 N Woodward Ave, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM abacotaylor@fsu.edu
RI Ribeiro, Pedro/D-4301-2009
OI Ribeiro, Pedro/0000-0001-7424-7506
FU INDEEP; NSF [OCE 1130541, 1334022]; Portuguese Foundation for Science
and Technology (FCT) - QREN [SFRH/BPD/69232/2010]; COMPETE; National
Science Foundation [DEB-1145999]; NOAA [GS10F0126L, DG133C-07-NC0616,
DG133C-11-CQ-0019, EA-133C-14-NC-1384]; CSS-Dynamac, Inc.;
[UID/MAR/04292/2013]
FX The idea for this work originated in preparation for a talk by ARB at a
Pew workshop for design of MPAs for seamount and manganese nodule mining
areas in the deep sea. The group effort began following the inaugural
INDEEP meeting in New Orleans. The analysis effort was facilitated by an
INDEEP-funded workshop in 2013. RJE was supported by NSF grants OCE
1130541 and 1334022. PAR was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for
Science and Technology (FCT), through a postdoctoral grant ref.
SFRH/BPD/69232/2010 funded through QREN and COMPETE, and the strategic
project UID/MAR/04292/2013 granted to MARE. PB was partially supported
by National Science Foundation grant DEB-1145999. BPK was supported
under NOAA Contract No. GS10F0126L (Order Nos. DG133C-07-NC0616,
DG133C-11-CQ-0019, and EA-133C-14-NC-1384) with Consolidated Safety
Services, Inc., now CSS-Dynamac, Inc. This synthesis benefited from
discussions with Steven Gaines, Ian Bradbury, Timothy Shank and Andrew
Thaler. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the views of funding
institutions and agencies, CSS-Dynamac, Inc., the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration or any agency or contractor of the US
government. This is a scientific research product. The authors declare
no conflict of interest.
NR 101
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 16
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
EI 1365-294X
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 25
IS 14
BP 3276
EP 3298
DI 10.1111/mec.13689
PG 23
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA DR0RK
UT WOS:000379614400004
PM 27146215
ER
PT J
AU Mislan, KAS
Dunne, JP
Sarmiento, JL
AF Mislan, K. A. S.
Dunne, John P.
Sarmiento, Jorge L.
TI The fundamental niche of blood-oxygen binding in the pelagic ocean
SO OIKOS
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEM TEMPERATURE-CHANGES; ATLANTIC BLUEFIN TUNA; RESPIRATORY
PROPERTIES; MINIMUM ZONE; HEMOGLOBIN COMPONENTS; DISSOCIATION CURVES;
HYPOXIA TOLERANCE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; HEMOCYANIN; FISH
AB Marine species ranging in size from microscopic zooplankton to large predatory fish move vertically in the ocean water column to forage for food and avoid predators. Oxygen and temperature decrease, often rapidly, from shallow to deeper depths, restricting the ability of species to use the vertical habitat. One physiological trait that determines the tolerance of organisms to low oxygen is the oxygen affinity of oxygen carrier proteins, hemoglobin and hemocyanin, in the blood. To quantify the range of oxygen affinities for marine organisms, we surveyed the literature for measurements of oxygen binding to blood at multiple temperatures to account for its temperature sensitivity. Oxygen affinity is mapped within the ocean environment using the depth at which oxygen pressure decreases to the point at which the blood is 50% oxygenated (P-50 depth) as organisms move from the surface to depth in the ocean water column. We find that vertical gradients in both temperature and oxygen impact the vertical position and areal extent of P-50 depths. Shifts in P-50 due to temperature cause physiological types with the same P-50 in the surface ocean to have different P-50 depths and physiological types with different P-50's in the surface ocean to have the same P-50 depth. The vertical distances between P-50 depths are spatially variable, which may determine the frequency of ecological interactions, such as competition and predation. In summary, P-50 depth, which represents a key physiological transition point between dexoxygenated and oxygenated blood, provides mechanistic insight into organism function within the water column of the global ocean.
C1 [Mislan, K. A. S.; Sarmiento, Jorge L.] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, 300 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Mislan, K. A. S.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, 1503 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Dunne, John P.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Mislan, KAS (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, 300 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.; Mislan, KAS (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, 1503 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM kas.mislan@gmail.com
FU NOAA Cooperative Inst. for Climate Science [NA08OAR4320752]; Carbon
Mitigation Initiative - BP
FX This study greatly benefitted from our discussions with Brad Seibel,
John Spicer, Angela Fago and Roy Weber and technical assistance from
Rick Slater. We thank Andrew Barton and Vincent Saba for comments which
improved this manuscript. This research was supported by the NOAA
Cooperative Inst. for Climate Science (NA08OAR4320752) and the Carbon
Mitigation Initiative which is sponsored by BP.
NR 83
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0030-1299
EI 1600-0706
J9 OIKOS
JI Oikos
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 125
IS 7
BP 938
EP 949
DI 10.1111/oik.02650
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DR0PO
UT WOS:000379609600005
ER
PT J
AU Kincaid, J
McLelland, K
Zwolak, M
AF Kincaid, Joshua
McLelland, Kyle
Zwolak, Michael
TI Measurement-induced decoherence and information in double-slit
interference
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ACCESSIBLE INFORMATION; QUANTUM INTERFERENCE; COMPLEMENTARITY;
SUPERPOSITIONS; ENVIRONMENT; DARWINISM; PHOTONS
AB The double slit experiment provides a classic example of both interference and the effect of observation in quantum physics. When particles are sent individually through a pair of slits, a wave-like interference pattern develops, but no such interference is found when one observes which "path" the particles take. We present a model of interference, dephasing, and measurement-induced decoherence in a one-dimensional version of the double-slit experiment. Using this model, we demonstrate how the loss of interference in the system is correlated with the information gain by the measuring apparatus/observer. In doing so, we give a modern account of measurement in this paradigmatic example of quantum physics that is accessible to students taking quantum mechanics at the graduate or senior undergraduate levels. (C) 2016 American Association of Physics Teachers.
C1 [Kincaid, Joshua; McLelland, Kyle; Zwolak, Michael] Oregon State Univ, Dept Phys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Zwolak, Michael] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kincaid, J (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Phys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM kincajos@oregonstate.edu; mpz@nist.gov
RI Zwolak, Michael/G-2932-2013
OI Zwolak, Michael/0000-0001-6443-7816
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS
PI COLLEGE PARK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PARK, MD 20740-3845 USA
SN 0002-9505
EI 1943-2909
J9 AM J PHYS
JI Am. J. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 84
IS 7
BP 522
EP 530
DI 10.1119/1.4943585
PG 9
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Education & Educational Research; Physics
GA DQ2ND
UT WOS:000379038100006
PM 27807373
ER
PT J
AU Bustos, ARM
Winchester, MR
AF Bustos, Antonio R. Montoro
Winchester, Michael R.
TI Single-particle-ICP-MS advances
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Bustos, Antonio R. Montoro; Winchester, Michael R.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Winchester, MR (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mwinchester@nist.gov
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 14
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
EI 1618-2650
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 408
IS 19
BP 5051
EP 5052
DI 10.1007/s00216-016-9638-1
PG 2
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA DQ1ZY
UT WOS:000379001100001
PM 27209588
ER
PT J
AU El Hadri, H
Petersen, EJ
Winchester, MR
AF El Hadri, Hind
Petersen, Elijah J.
Winchester, Michael R.
TI Impact of and correction for instrument sensitivity drift on
nanoparticle size measurements by single-particle ICP-MS
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Drift correction; Gold nanoparticles; Instrument sensitivity drift;
Internal standard; Single-particle ICP-MS
ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; COLLOID ANALYSIS; MANUFACTURED NANOMATERIALS;
SILVER NANOPARTICLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; CARBON NANOTUBES; TOXICITY
TESTS; QUANTIFICATION; CAPABILITIES; EFFICIENCY
AB The effect of ICP-MS instrument sensitivity drift on the accuracy of nanoparticle (NP) size measurements using single particle (sp)ICP-MS is investigated. Theoretical modeling and experimental measurements of the impact of instrument sensitivity drift are in agreement and indicate that drift can impact the measured size of spherical NPs by up to 25 %. Given this substantial bias in the measured size, a method was developed using an internal standard to correct for the impact of drift and was shown to accurately correct for a decrease in instrument sensitivity of up to 50 % for 30 and 60 nm gold nanoparticles.
C1 [El Hadri, Hind; Winchester, Michael R.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Petersen, Elijah J.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[El Hadri, Hind] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Winchester, MR (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mrw@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 15
U2 22
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
EI 1618-2650
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 408
IS 19
BP 5099
EP 5108
DI 10.1007/s00216-016-9397-z
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA DQ1ZY
UT WOS:000379001100005
PM 26894759
ER
PT J
AU Belter, CW
Kaske, NK
AF Belter, Christopher W.
Kaske, Neal K.
TI Using Bibliometrics to Demonstrate the Value of Library Journal
Collections
SO COLLEGE & RESEARCH LIBRARIES
LA English
DT Article
ID CITATION ANALYSIS; FACULTY; PUBLICATIONS; COCITATION; MANAGEMENT;
UNIVERSITY; NETWORKS; USAGE
AB Although cited reference studies are common in the library and information science literature, they are rarely performed in nonacademic institutions or in the atmospheric and oceanic sciences. In this paper, we analyze more than 400,000 cited references made by authors affiliated with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration between 2009 and 2013. Our results suggest that these methods can be applied to research libraries in a variety of institutions, that the results of analyses performed at one institution may not be applicable to other institutions, and that cited reference analyses should be periodically updated to reflect changes in authors' referencing behavior.
C1 [Belter, Christopher W.] Natl Inst Hlth Lib, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Kaske, Neal K.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Cent & Reg Lib, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Belter, CW (reprint author), Natl Inst Hlth Lib, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM Christopher.Belter@nih.gov; Neal.Kaske@noaa.gov
RI Belter, Christopher/L-6487-2013
OI Belter, Christopher/0000-0001-5221-6880
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 OD999999]
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 24
U2 37
PU ASSOC COLL RESEARCH LIBRARIES
PI CHICAGO
PA 50 E HURON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60611 USA
SN 0010-0870
EI 2150-6701
J9 COLL RES LIBR
JI Coll. Res. Libr.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 77
IS 4
BP 410
EP 422
DI 10.5860/crl.77.4.410
PG 13
WC Information Science & Library Science
SC Information Science & Library Science
GA DQ5FA
UT WOS:000379229200002
PM 27453584
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, D
AF Thomas, Douglas
TI Costs, benefits, and adoption of additive manufacturing: a supply chain
perspective
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Manufacturing; Supply chain
ID LASER; PARTS; MODEL
AB There are three primary aspects to the economics of additive manufacturing: measuring the value of goods produced, measuring the costs and benefits of using the technology, and estimating the adoption and diffusion of the technology. This paper provides an updated estimate of the value of goods produced. It then reviews the literature on additive manufacturing costs and identifies those instances in the literature where this technology is cost-effective. The paper then goes on to propose an approach for examining and understanding the societal costs and benefits of this technology both from a monetary viewpoint and a resource consumption viewpoint. The final section discusses the trends in the adoption of additive manufacturing. Globally, there is an estimated $667 million in value added produced using additive manufacturing, which equates to 0.01 % of total global manufacturing value added. US value added is estimated as $241 million. Current research on additive manufacturing costs reveals that it is cost-effective for manufacturing small batches with continued centralized production; however, with increased automation distributed production may become cost-effective. Due to the complexities of measuring additive manufacturing costs and data limitations, current studies are limited in their scope. Many of the current studies examine the production of single parts and those that examine assemblies tend not to examine supply chain effects such as inventory and transportation costs along with decreased risk to supply disruption. The additive manufacturing system and the material costs constitute a significant portion of an additive manufactured product; however, these costs are declining over time. The current trends in costs and benefits have resulted in this technology representing 0.02 % of the relevant manufacturing industries in the USA; however, as the costs of additive manufacturing systems decrease, this technology may become widely adopted and change the supplier, manufacturer, and consumer interactions. An examination in the adoption of additive manufacturing reveals that for this technology to exceed $4.4 billion in 2020, $16.0 billion in 2025, and $196.8 billion in 2035, it would need to deviate from its current trends of adoption.
C1 [Thomas, Douglas] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Thomas, D (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM douglas.thomas@nist.gov
NR 37
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 16
U2 26
PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
J9 INT J ADV MANUF TECH
JI Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 85
IS 5-8
BP 1857
EP 1876
DI 10.1007/s00170-015-7973-6
PG 20
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA DQ1CT
UT WOS:000378939400075
ER
PT J
AU Stoudt, MR
AF Stoudt, Mark R.
TI Shaping, Forming and Modeling of Advanced High Strength Steel
SO JOM
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Stoudt, Mark R.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Stoudt, MR (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM stoudt@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 7
BP 1830
EP 1831
DI 10.1007/s11837-016-1957-3
PG 2
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA DQ2IX
UT WOS:000379027100009
PM 27746663
ER
PT J
AU Mates, S
Stoudt, M
Gangireddy, S
AF Mates, Steven
Stoudt, Mark
Gangireddy, Sindhura
TI Measuring the Influence of Pearlite Dissolution on the Transient Dynamic
Strength of Rapidly Heated Plain Carbon Steels
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID AUSTENITE FORMATION; KINETICS; MODEL
AB Carbon steels containing ferrite-pearlite microstructures weaken dramatically when pearlite dissolves into austenite on heating. The kinetics of this phase transformation, while fast, can play a role during dynamic, high-temperature manufacturing processes, including high-speed machining, when the time scale of this transformation is on the order of the manufacturing process itself. In such a regime, the mechanical strength of carbon steel can become time dependent. The present work uses a rapidly heated, high-strain-rate mechanical test to study the effect of temperature and time on the amount of pearlite dissolved and on the resulting transient effect on dynamic strength of a low and a high carbon (eutectoid) steel. Measurements indicate that the transient effect occurs for heating times less than about 3 s. The 1075 steel loses about twice the strength compared to the 1018 steel (85 MPa to 45 MPa) owing to its higher initial pearlite volume fraction. Pearlite dissolution is confirmed by metallographic examination of tested samples. Despite the different starting pearlite fractions, the kinetics of dissolution are comparable for the two steels, owing to the similarity in their initial pearlite morphology.
C1 [Mates, Steven; Stoudt, Mark; Gangireddy, Sindhura] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mates, S (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM smates@nist.gov
FU NIST Mechanical Performance Group
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NIST Mechanical
Performance Group and James Warren, NIST Technical Program Director for
Materials Genomics. We also acknowledge the efforts of several NIST
staff, including Mrs. Sandy Claggett for extensive assistance with
metallography, Mrs. Maureen Williams for SEM imaging, and Chris Amigo
for instrument fabrication. We also acknowledge the valuable assistance
of Mr. Eran Vax and Mr. Eli Marcus of the Nuclear Research Center,
Negev, Israel, for many improvements to the electrical heating control
system.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 7
BP 1832
EP 1838
DI 10.1007/s11837-016-1951-9
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA DQ2IX
UT WOS:000379027100010
PM 28082822
ER
PT J
AU Puiu, A
Becker, D
Bennett, D
Faverzani, M
Ferri, E
Fowler, J
Gard, J
Hays-Wehle, J
Hilton, G
Giachero, A
Maino, M
Mates, J
Nucciotti, A
Schmidt, D
Swetz, D
Ullom, J
Vale, L
AF Puiu, A.
Becker, D.
Bennett, D.
Faverzani, M.
Ferri, E.
Fowler, J.
Gard, J.
Hays-Wehle, J.
Hilton, G.
Giachero, A.
Maino, M.
Mates, J.
Nucciotti, A.
Schmidt, D.
Swetz, D.
Ullom, J.
Vale, L.
TI Development of the rf-SQUID Based Multiplexing System for the HOLMES
Experiment
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD)
CY JUL 20-24, 2015
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA
DE HOLMES; Neutrino mass; Multiplexed readout; rf-SQUID
AB Measuring the neutrino mass is one of the most compelling issues in particle physics. The European Research Council has funded HOLMES, a new experiment for a direct measurement of neutrino mass that started in 2014. HOLMES will perform a precise measurement of the end point of the Electron Capture decay spectrum of Ho in order to extract information on neutrino mass with a sensitivity as low as 0.4 eV. HOLMES, in its final configuration, will deploy a 1000 pixel array of low-temperature microcalorimeters: each calorimeter consists of an absorber, where the Ho atoms will be implanted, coupled to a transition edge sensor thermometer. The read out for an array of 1000 cryogenic detectors is a crucial matter: for HOLMES, a special radio-frequency-based multiplexing system is being developed. In this contribution, we outline the performance and special features of the multiplexing system and readout methods chosen for HOLMES.
C1 [Puiu, A.; Faverzani, M.; Ferri, E.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Nucciotti, A.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
[Puiu, A.; Faverzani, M.; Ferri, E.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Nucciotti, A.] INFN Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
[Becker, D.; Bennett, D.; Fowler, J.; Gard, J.; Hays-Wehle, J.; Hilton, G.; Mates, J.; Schmidt, D.; Swetz, D.; Ullom, J.; Vale, L.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Puiu, A (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.; Puiu, A (reprint author), INFN Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
EM andrei.puiu@mib.infn.it
RI Ferri, Elena/L-8531-2014; Giachero, Andrea/I-1081-2013
OI Ferri, Elena/0000-0003-1425-3669; Giachero, Andrea/0000-0003-0493-695X
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 45
EP 51
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1432-5
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800008
ER
PT J
AU Li, DL
Austermann, JE
Beall, JA
Becker, DT
Duff, SM
Gallardo, PA
Henderson, SW
Hilton, GC
Ho, SP
Hubmayr, J
Koopman, BJ
McMahon, JJ
Nati, F
Niemack, MD
Pappas, CG
Salatino, M
Schmitt, BL
Simon, SM
Staggs, ST
Van Lanen, J
Ward, JT
Wollack, EJ
AF Li, Dale
Austermann, Jason E.
Beall, James A.
Becker, Daniel T.
Duff, Shannon M.
Gallardo, Patricio A.
Henderson, Shawn W.
Hilton, Gene C.
Ho, Shuay-Pwu
Hubmayr, Johannes
Koopman, Brian J.
McMahon, Jeffrey J.
Nati, Federico
Niemack, Michael D.
Pappas, Christine G.
Salatino, Maria
Schmitt, Benjamin L.
Simon, Sara M.
Staggs, Suzanne T.
Van Lanen, Jeff
Ward, Jonathan T.
Wollack, Edward J.
TI AlMn Transition Edge Sensors for Advanced ACTPol
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD)
CY JUL 20-24, 2015
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA
DE Transition edge sensor; AlMn; Bolometer; Thin film; Superconductor;
Microfabrication; Heating; Critical temperature
ID TEMPERATURE
AB Advanced ACTPol (AdvACT) will use an array of multichroic polarization-sensitive AlMn transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers read out through time-division multiplexing. Aluminum doped with a low concentration of manganese can be deposited to a bulk film thickness for a more reliable superconducting critical temperature uniformity compared to thin bilayers. To build the TES, the AlMn alloy is deposited, over Nb wiring, to a specific thickness to set the TES normal resistance. The doping concentration of manganese coarsely defines the TES critical temperature, while a fine tuning is achieved by heating the deposited film to a specific temperature. The TES island is connected to the thermal bath via four silicon-nitride membranes, where their geometry defines the thermal conductance to the temperature of the bath. Lastly, the TES heat capacity is increased by addition of PdAu electrically connected to the AlMn film. Designs and performance characteristics of these AlMn TESs are presented for use in AdvACT.
C1 [Li, Dale] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Li, Dale; Austermann, Jason E.; Beall, James A.; Becker, Daniel T.; Duff, Shannon M.; Hilton, Gene C.; Hubmayr, Johannes; Van Lanen, Jeff] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Gallardo, Patricio A.; Henderson, Shawn W.; Koopman, Brian J.; Niemack, Michael D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Ho, Shuay-Pwu; Pappas, Christine G.; Salatino, Maria; Simon, Sara M.; Staggs, Suzanne T.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[McMahon, Jeffrey J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA.
[Nati, Federico; Schmitt, Benjamin L.; Ward, Jonathan T.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Wollack, Edward J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Li, DL (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.; Li, DL (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM dale.li@slac.stanford.edu
RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; Nati, Federico/I-4469-2016
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Nati, Federico/0000-0002-8307-5088
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 66
EP 73
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1526-8
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800011
ER
PT J
AU Dober, B
Austermann, JA
Beall, JA
Becker, D
Che, G
Cho, HM
Devlin, M
Duff, SM
Galitzki, N
Gao, J
Groppi, C
Hilton, GC
Hubmayr, J
Irwin, KD
McKenney, CM
Li, D
Lourie, N
Mauskopf, P
Vissers, MR
Wang, Y
AF Dober, B.
Austermann, J. A.
Beall, J. A.
Becker, D.
Che, G.
Cho, H. M.
Devlin, M.
Duff, S. M.
Galitzki, N.
Gao, J.
Groppi, C.
Hilton, G. C.
Hubmayr, J.
Irwin, K. D.
McKenney, C. M.
Li, D.
Lourie, N.
Mauskopf, P.
Vissers, M. R.
Wang, Y.
TI Optical Demonstration of THz, Dual-Polarization Sensitive Microwave
Kinetic Inductance Detectors
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD)
CY JUL 20-24, 2015
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA
DE MKID; Sub-mm; THz; Polarimetry; Bolometer
AB Polarization sensitive, microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) are under development for the next generation BLAST instrument (BLAST-TNG). BLAST-TNG is a balloon-borne submillimeter polarimeter designed to study magnetic fields in diffuse dust regions and molecular clouds. We present the design and performance of feedhorn-coupled, dual-polarization sensitive MKIDs fabricated from TiN/Ti multilayer films, which have been optimized for the 250 m band. Measurements show effective selection of linear polarization and good electrical isolation between the orthogonally crossed X and Y detectors within a single spatial pixel. The detector cross-polar coupling is 3 %. Passband measurements are presented, which demonstrate that the desired band-edges (1.0-1.4 THz) have been achieved. We find a near linear response to the optical load from a blackbody source, which has been observed in previous devices fabricated from TiN. Blackbody-coupled noise measurements demonstrate that the sensitivity of the detectors is limited by photon noise when the optical load is greater than 1 pW.
C1 [Dober, B.; Devlin, M.; Galitzki, N.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Austermann, J. A.; Beall, J. A.; Becker, D.; Duff, S. M.; Gao, J.; Hilton, G. C.; Hubmayr, J.; McKenney, C. M.; Lourie, N.; Vissers, M. R.; Wang, Y.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Che, G.; Groppi, C.; Mauskopf, P.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA.
[Cho, H. M.; Irwin, K. D.; Li, D.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Dober, B (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM dober@sas.upenn.edu
OI Dober, Bradley/0000-0002-6817-0829
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 4
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 173
EP 179
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1434-3
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800028
ER
PT J
AU Alpert, B
Ferri, E
Bennett, D
Faverzani, M
Fowler, J
Giachero, A
Hays-Wehle, J
Maino, M
Nucciotti, A
Puiu, A
Swetz, D
Ullom, J
AF Alpert, B.
Ferri, E.
Bennett, D.
Faverzani, M.
Fowler, J.
Giachero, A.
Hays-Wehle, J.
Maino, M.
Nucciotti, A.
Puiu, A.
Swetz, D.
Ullom, J.
TI Algorithms for Identification of Nearly-Coincident Events in
Calorimetric Sensors
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD)
CY JUL 20-24, 2015
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA
DE Filter algorithms; High-rate processing; Microcalorimeter; Uncertainty
ID ELECTRON NEUTRINO MASS; HO-163; DECAY
AB For experiments with high arrival rates, reliable identification of nearly-coincident events can be crucial. For calorimetric measurements to directly measure the neutrino mass such as HOLMES, unidentified pulse pile-ups are expected to be a leading source of experimental error. Although Wiener filtering can be used to recognize pile-up, it suffers from errors due to pulse shape variation from detector nonlinearity, readout dependence on subsample arrival times, and stability issues from the ill-posed deconvolution problem of recovering Dirac delta-functions from smooth data. Due to these factors, we have developed a processing method that exploits singular value decomposition to (1) separate single-pulse records from piled-up records in training data and (2) construct a model of single-pulse records that accounts for varying pulse shape with amplitude, arrival time, and baseline level, suitable for detecting nearly-coincident events. We show that the resulting processing advances can reduce the required performance specifications of the detectors and readout system or, equivalently, enable larger sensor arrays and better constraints on the neutrino mass.
C1 [Alpert, B.; Bennett, D.; Fowler, J.; Hays-Wehle, J.; Swetz, D.; Ullom, J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ferri, E.; Faverzani, M.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Nucciotti, A.; Puiu, A.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
[Ferri, E.; Faverzani, M.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Nucciotti, A.; Puiu, A.] INFN Sez Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
RP Alpert, B (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM alpert@boulder.nist.gov
RI Ferri, Elena/L-8531-2014; Giachero, Andrea/I-1081-2013
OI Ferri, Elena/0000-0003-1425-3669; Giachero, Andrea/0000-0003-0493-695X
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 263
EP 273
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1402-y
PG 11
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800042
ER
PT J
AU Fowler, JW
Alpert, BK
Doriese, WB
Joe, YI
O'Neil, GC
Ullom, JN
Swetz, DS
AF Fowler, J. W.
Alpert, B. K.
Doriese, W. B.
Joe, Y. -I.
O'Neil, G. C.
Ullom, J. N.
Swetz, D. S.
TI The Practice of Pulse Processing
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD)
CY JUL 20-24, 2015
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA
DE Microcalorimeters; X-ray pulses; Pulse analysis
ID MICROCALORIMETERS
AB The analysis of data from X-ray microcalorimeters requires great care; their excellent intrinsic energy resolution cannot usually be achieved in practice without a statistically near-optimal pulse analysis and corrections for important systematic errors. We describe the essential parts of a pulse-analysis pipeline for data from X-ray microcalorimeters, including steps taken to reduce systematic gain variation and the unwelcome dependence of filtered pulse heights on the exact pulse-arrival time. We find these steps collectively to be essential tools for getting the best results from a microcalorimeter-based X-ray spectrometer.
C1 [Fowler, J. W.; Alpert, B. K.; Doriese, W. B.; Joe, Y. -I.; O'Neil, G. C.; Ullom, J. N.; Swetz, D. S.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Fowler, JW (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM joe.fowler@nist.gov
NR 8
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 374
EP 381
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1380-0
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800058
ER
PT J
AU Doriese, WB
Morgan, KM
Bennett, DA
Denison, EV
Fitzgerald, CP
Fowler, JW
Gard, JD
Hays-Wehle, JP
Hilton, GC
Irwin, KD
Joe, YI
Mates, JAB
O'Neil, GC
Reintsema, CD
Robbins, NO
Schmidt, DR
Swetz, DS
Tatsuno, H
Vale, LR
Ullom, JN
AF Doriese, W. B.
Morgan, K. M.
Bennett, D. A.
Denison, E. V.
Fitzgerald, C. P.
Fowler, J. W.
Gard, J. D.
Hays-Wehle, J. P.
Hilton, G. C.
Irwin, K. D.
Joe, Y. I.
Mates, J. A. B.
O'Neil, G. C.
Reintsema, C. D.
Robbins, N. O.
Schmidt, D. R.
Swetz, D. S.
Tatsuno, H.
Vale, L. R.
Ullom, J. N.
TI Developments in Time-Division Multiplexing of X-ray Transition-Edge
Sensors
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD)
CY JUL 20-24, 2015
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA
DE SQUID; Transition-edge sensor; Time-division multiplexer;
Microcalorimeter; X-ray
ID ARRAYS
AB Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a mature scheme for the readout of arrays of transition-edge sensors (TESs). TDM is based on superconducting-quantum-interference-device (SQUID) current amplifiers. Multiple spectrometers based on gamma-ray and X-ray microcalorimeters have been operated with TDM readout, each at the scale of 200 sensors per spectrometer, as have several astronomical cameras with thousands of sub-mm or microwave bolometers. Here we present the details of two different versions of our TDM system designed to read out X-ray TESs. The first has been field-deployed in two 160-sensor (8 columns 20 rows) spectrometers and four 240-sensor (8 columns 30 rows) spectrometers. It has a three-SQUID-stage architecture, switches rows every 320 ns, and has total readout noise of 0.41 Hz. The second, which is presently under development, has a two-SQUID-stage architecture, switches rows every 160 ns, and has total readout noise of 0.19 Hz. Both quoted noise values are non-multiplexed and referred to the first-stage SQUID. In a demonstration of this new architecture, a multiplexed 1-column 32-row array of NIST TESs achieved average energy resolution of eV at 6 keV.
C1 [Doriese, W. B.; Morgan, K. M.; Bennett, D. A.; Denison, E. V.; Fitzgerald, C. P.; Fowler, J. W.; Gard, J. D.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Hilton, G. C.; Joe, Y. I.; Mates, J. A. B.; O'Neil, G. C.; Reintsema, C. D.; Robbins, N. O.; Schmidt, D. R.; Swetz, D. S.; Tatsuno, H.; Vale, L. R.; Ullom, J. N.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Irwin, K. D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Doriese, WB (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM doriese@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 11
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 389
EP 395
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1373-z
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800060
PM 27325902
ER
PT J
AU Doriese, WB
Morgan, KM
Bennett, DA
Denison, EV
Fitzgerald, CP
Fowler, JW
Gard, JD
Hays-Wehle, JP
Hilton, GC
Irwin, KD
Joe, YI
Mates, JAB
O'Neil, GC
Reintsema, CD
Robbins, NO
Schmidt, DR
Swetz, DS
Tatsuno, H
Vale, LR
Ullom, JN
AF Doriese, W. B.
Morgan, K. M.
Bennett, D. A.
Denison, E. V.
Fitzgerald, C. P.
Fowler, J. W.
Gard, J. D.
Hays-Wehle, J. P.
Hilton, G. C.
Irwin, K. D.
Joe, Y. I.
Mates, J. A. B.
O'Neil, G. C.
Reintsema, C. D.
Robbins, N. O.
Schmidt, D. R.
Swetz, D. S.
Tatsuno, H.
Vale, L. R.
Ullom, J. N.
TI Developments in Time-Division Multiplexing of X-ray Transition-Edge
Sensors (vol 184, pg 389, 2016)
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Doriese, W. B.; Morgan, K. M.; Bennett, D. A.; Denison, E. V.; Fitzgerald, C. P.; Fowler, J. W.; Gard, J. D.; Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Hilton, G. C.; Joe, Y. I.; Mates, J. A. B.; O'Neil, G. C.; Reintsema, C. D.; Robbins, N. O.; Schmidt, D. R.; Swetz, D. S.; Tatsuno, H.; Vale, L. R.; Ullom, J. N.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Irwin, K. D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Doriese, WB (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM doriese@nist.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 396
EP 396
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1608-7
PG 1
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800061
ER
PT J
AU Ferri, E
Alpert, B
Bennett, D
Faverzani, M
Fowler, J
Giachero, A
Hays-Wehle, J
Maino, M
Nucciotti, A
Puiu, A
Ullom, J
AF Ferri, E.
Alpert, B.
Bennett, D.
Faverzani, M.
Fowler, J.
Giachero, A.
Hays-Wehle, J.
Maino, M.
Nucciotti, A.
Puiu, A.
Ullom, J.
TI Pile-Up Discrimination Algorithms for the HOLMES Experiment
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD)
CY JUL 20-24, 2015
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA
DE Pile-up discrimination algorithms; TES detectors
ID HO-163; MASS
AB The HOLMES experiment is a new large-scale experiment for the electron neutrino mass determination by means of the electron capture decay of Ho. In such an experiment, random coincidence events are one of the main sources of background which impair the ability to identify the effect of a non-vanishing neutrino mass. In order to resolve these spurious events, detectors characterized by a fast response are needed as well as pile-up recognition algorithms. For that reason, we have developed a code for testing the discrimination efficiency of various algorithms in recognizing pile up events in dependence of the time separation between two pulses. The tests are performed on simulated realistic TES signals and noise. Indeed, the pulse profile is obtained by solving the two coupled differential equations which describe the response of the TES according to the Irwin-Hilton model. To these pulses, a noise waveform which takes into account all the noise sources regularly present in a real TES is added. The amplitude of the generated pulses is distributed as the Ho calorimetric spectrum. Furthermore, the rise time of these pulses has been chosen taking into account the constraints given by both the bandwidth of the microwave multiplexing read out with a flux ramp demodulation and the bandwidth of the ADC boards currently available for ROACH2. Among the different rejection techniques evaluated, the Wiener Filter technique, a digital filter to gain time resolution, has shown an excellent pile-up rejection efficiency. The obtained time resolution closely matches the baseline specifications of the HOLMES experiment. We report here a description of our simulation code and a comparison of the different rejection techniques.
C1 [Ferri, E.; Faverzani, M.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Nucciotti, A.; Puiu, A.] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
[Ferri, E.; Faverzani, M.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Nucciotti, A.; Puiu, A.] INFN Sez Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
[Alpert, B.; Bennett, D.; Fowler, J.; Hays-Wehle, J.; Ullom, J.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Ferri, E (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.; Ferri, E (reprint author), INFN Sez Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
EM elena.ferri@mib.infn.it
RI Ferri, Elena/L-8531-2014; Giachero, Andrea/I-1081-2013
OI Ferri, Elena/0000-0003-1425-3669; Giachero, Andrea/0000-0003-0493-695X
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 405
EP 411
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1466-8
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800063
ER
PT J
AU Wulf, D
Jaeckel, F
McCammon, D
Morgan, KM
AF Wulf, D.
Jaeckel, F.
McCammon, D.
Morgan, K. M.
TI Technique for Recovering Pile-Up Events from Microcalorimeter Data
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD)
CY JUL 20-24, 2015
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA
DE Microcalorimeter; Optimal filtering; Pile-up
AB We report here a technique for processing microcalorimeter data that offers improved live-time over conventional optimal filtering techniques without loss of spectral resolution. Separate filters optimized for pulse amplitude and pulse arrival time (constructed in the usual way from the averaged signal and noise spectral densities) are applied to the entire pixel data stream. Pulses in the resulting filtered streams are then simultaneously fit as the sum of scaled and shifted copies of an isolated filtered pulse template. Analysis using calibration data from the University of Wisconsin/Goddard Space Flight Center X-ray quantum calorimeter sounding rocket payload demonstrates the ability of this technique to recover pulses separated by as little as the rise-time of the detectors without observable spectral broadening.
C1 [Wulf, D.; Jaeckel, F.; McCammon, D.; Morgan, K. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Morgan, K. M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Wulf, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM dwulf@wisc.edu
OI Jaeckel, Felix/0000-0001-6401-7010
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 431
EP 435
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1445-0
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800067
ER
PT J
AU Stanchfield, SM
Ade, PAR
Aguirre, J
Brevik, JA
Cho, HM
Datta, R
Devlin, MJ
Dicker, SR
Dober, B
Egan, D
Ford, P
Hilton, G
Hubmayr, J
Irwin, KD
Marganian, P
Mason, BS
Mates, JAB
McMahon, J
Mello, M
Mroczkowski, T
Romero, C
Tucker, C
Vale, L
White, S
Whitehead, M
Young, AH
AF Stanchfield, S. M.
Ade, P. A. R.
Aguirre, J.
Brevik, J. A.
Cho, H. M.
Datta, R.
Devlin, M. J.
Dicker, S. R.
Dober, B.
Egan, D.
Ford, P.
Hilton, G.
Hubmayr, J.
Irwin, K. D.
Marganian, P.
Mason, B. S.
Mates, J. A. B.
McMahon, J.
Mello, M.
Mroczkowski, T.
Romero, C.
Tucker, C.
Vale, L.
White, S.
Whitehead, M.
Young, A. H.
TI Development of a Microwave SQUID-Multiplexed TES Array for MUSTANG-2
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD)
CY JUL 20-24, 2015
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA
DE Microwave-multiplexed SQUIDs; TES bolometers; Focal plane arrays; 90 GHz
AB MUSTANG-2 is a 90 GHz feedhorn-coupled, microwave SQUID-multiplexed TES bolometer array in the final stages of development for operation on the 100-m Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope. We present the camera design and report the performance during the first season of observation, in which 64 of the available 215 pixels in the focal plane were populated. We highlight the microwave multiplexing readout technology, which is envisioned as a path to read out the next generation of large pixel-count cryogenic focal planes. In this regard, MUSTANG2 is a pathfinder for this multiplexing technology. We present noise spectra which show no detector noise degradation when read out with microwave SQUID multiplexing, and we present first light images of Jupiter and M87, which demonstrate the end-to-end system performance.
C1 [Stanchfield, S. M.; Aguirre, J.; Devlin, M. J.; Dicker, S. R.; Dober, B.; Young, A. H.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Ade, P. A. R.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales.
[Brevik, J. A.; Hilton, G.; Hubmayr, J.; Mates, J. A. B.; Vale, L.] NIST, Boulder Labs, Boulder, CO USA.
[Cho, H. M.; Irwin, K. D.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Datta, R.; McMahon, J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Egan, D.; Ford, P.; Marganian, P.; Mello, M.; White, S.; Whitehead, M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Green Bank, WV USA.
[Mason, B. S.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[Mroczkowski, T.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
[Romero, C.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA.
RP Stanchfield, SM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM sastan@sas.upenn.edu
OI Mroczkowski, Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372; Tucker,
Carole/0000-0002-1851-3918
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 460
EP 465
DI 10.1007/s10909-016-1570-4
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800072
ER
PT J
AU Pappas, CG
Austermann, J
Beall, JA
Duff, SM
Gallardo, PA
Grace, E
Henderson, SW
Ho, SP
Koopman, BJ
Li, D
McMahon, J
Nati, F
Niemack, MD
Niraula, P
Salatino, M
Schillaci, A
Schmitt, BL
Simon, SM
Staggs, ST
Stevens, JR
Vavagiakis, EM
Ward, JT
Wollack, EJ
AF Pappas, C. G.
Austermann, J.
Beall, J. A.
Duff, S. M.
Gallardo, P. A.
Grace, E.
Henderson, S. W.
Ho, S. P.
Koopman, B. J.
Li, D.
McMahon, J.
Nati, F.
Niemack, M. D.
Niraula, P.
Salatino, M.
Schillaci, A.
Schmitt, B. L.
Simon, S. M.
Staggs, S. T.
Stevens, J. R.
Vavagiakis, E. M.
Ward, J. T.
Wollack, E. J.
TI High-Density Superconducting Cables for Advanced ACTPol
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD)
CY JUL 20-24, 2015
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA
DE Atacama Cosmology Telescope; ACTPol; Detector; Flex; Superconductor;
Wire bonding
ID TRANSITION-EDGE SENSORS
AB Advanced ACTPol (AdvACT) is an upcoming Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) receiver upgrade, scheduled to deploy in 2016, that will allow measurement of the cosmic microwave background polarization and temperature to the highest precision yet with ACT. The AdvACT increase in sensitivity is partly provided by an increase in the number of transition-edge sensors (TESes) per array by up to a factor of two over the current ACTPol receiver detector arrays. The high-density AdvACT TES arrays require 70 m pitch superconducting flexible cables (flex) to connect the detector wafer to the first-stage readout electronics. Here, we present the flex fabrication process and test results. For the flex wiring layer, we use a 400-nm-thick sputtered aluminum film. In the center of the cable, the wiring is supported by a polyimide substrate, which smoothly transitions to a bare (uncoated with polyimide) silicon substrate at the ends of the cable for a robust wedge wire-bonding interface. Tests on the first batch of flex made for the first AdvACT array show that the flex will meet the requirements for AdvACT, with a superconducting critical current above 1 mA at 500 mK, resilience to mechanical and cryogenic stress, and a room temperature yield of 97.
C1 [Pappas, C. G.; Grace, E.; Ho, S. P.; Niraula, P.; Salatino, M.; Schillaci, A.; Simon, S. M.; Staggs, S. T.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Austermann, J.; Beall, J. A.; Duff, S. M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Gallardo, P. A.; Henderson, S. W.; Koopman, B. J.; Niemack, M. D.; Stevens, J. R.; Vavagiakis, E. M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Li, D.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[McMahon, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, 1440 Randall Lab,450 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Nati, F.; Schmitt, B. L.; Ward, J. T.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, 209 South 33rd St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Wollack, E. J.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Pappas, CG (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM christinegpappas@gmail.com
RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; Nati, Federico/I-4469-2016
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Nati, Federico/0000-0002-8307-5088
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 473
EP 479
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1454-z
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800074
ER
PT J
AU Hays-Wehle, JP
Schmidt, DR
Ullom, JN
Swetz, DS
AF Hays-Wehle, J. P.
Schmidt, D. R.
Ullom, J. N.
Swetz, D. S.
TI Thermal Conductance Engineering for High-Speed TES Microcalorimeters
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Workshop on Low Temperature Particle Detection (LTD)
CY JUL 20-24, 2015
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
SP Air Liquide, Cryoconcept, CRYOGEN Ltd, Entropy, XIA
DE Thermal conductance; TES; Membrane
ID TRANSITION-EDGE SENSORS
AB Many current and future applications for superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeters require significantly faster pulse response than is currently available. X-ray spectroscopy experiments at next-generation synchrotron light sources need to successfully capture very large fluxes of photons, while detectors at free-electron laser facilities need pulse response fast enough to match repetition rates of the source. Additionally, neutrino endpoint experiments such as HOLMES need enormous statistics, yet are extremely sensitive to pile-up effects that can distort spectra. These issues can be mitigated only by fast rising and falling edges. To address these needs, we have designed high-speed TES detectors with novel geometric enhancements to increase the thermal conductance of pixels suspended on silicon nitride membranes. This paper shows that the thermal conductivity can be precisely engineered to values spanning over an order of magnitude to achieve fast thermal relaxation times tailored to the relevant applications. Using these pixel prototypes, we demonstrate decay time constants faster than 100 s, while still maintaining spectral resolution of 3 eV FWHM at 1.5 keV. This paper also discusses the trade-offs inherent in reducing the pixel time constant, such as increased bias current leading to degradation in energy resolution, and potential modifications to improve performance.
C1 [Hays-Wehle, J. P.; Schmidt, D. R.; Ullom, J. N.; Swetz, D. S.] NIST, 325 Broadway MS 686-02, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hays-Wehle, JP (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway MS 686-02, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jph@nist.gov
NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 4
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 184
IS 1-2
BP 492
EP 497
DI 10.1007/s10909-015-1416-5
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP7OX
UT WOS:000378689800077
ER
PT J
AU Hao, K
Moody, G
Wu, FC
Dass, CK
Xu, LX
Chen, CH
Sun, LY
Li, MY
Li, LJ
MacDonald, AH
Li, XQ
AF Hao, Kai
Moody, Galan
Wu, Fengcheng
Dass, Chandriker Kavir
Xu, Lixiang
Chen, Chang-Hsiao
Sun, Liuyang
Li, Ming-Yang
Li, Lain-Jong
MacDonald, Allan H.
Li, Xiaoqin
TI Direct measurement of exciton valley coherence in monolayer WSe2
SO NATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY;
MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE; LAYER MOS2; MONO LAYER; SEMICONDUCTOR; DYNAMICS;
SPIN; POLARIZATION; LIFETIMES
AB In crystals, energy band extrema in momentum space can be identified by a valley index. The internal quantum degree of freedom associated with valley pseudospin indices can act as a useful information carrier, analogous to electronic charge or spin(1-4). Interest in valleytronics has been revived in recent years following the discovery of atomically thin materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides(5-7). However, the valley coherence time-a crucial quantity for valley pseudospin manipulation-is difficult to directly probe. In this work, we use two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy to resonantly generate and detect valley coherence of excitons (Coulomb-bound electron-hole pairs) in monolayer WSe2 (refs 8,9). The imposed valley coherence persists for approximately one hundred femtoseconds. We propose that the electron-hole exchange interaction provides an important decoherence mechanism in addition to exciton population recombination. This work provides critical insight into the requirements and strategies for optical manipulation of the valley pseudospin for future valleytronics applications.
C1 [Hao, Kai; Moody, Galan; Wu, Fengcheng; Dass, Chandriker Kavir; Xu, Lixiang; Sun, Liuyang; MacDonald, Allan H.; Li, Xiaoqin] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Hao, Kai; Moody, Galan; Wu, Fengcheng; Dass, Chandriker Kavir; Xu, Lixiang; Sun, Liuyang; MacDonald, Allan H.; Li, Xiaoqin] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Complex Quantum Syst, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Chen, Chang-Hsiao] Feng Chia Univ, Dept Automat Control Engn, Taichung 40724, Taiwan.
[Li, Ming-Yang; Li, Lain-Jong] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Phys Sci & Engn Div, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
[Moody, Galan] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Li, XQ (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.; Li, XQ (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Complex Quantum Syst, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM elaineli@physics.utexas.edu
RI Li, Lain-Jong/D-5244-2011;
OI Li, Lain-Jong/0000-0002-4059-7783; Wu, Fengcheng/0000-0002-1185-0073
FU US Derailment of Energy (DoE), Office of Science, Basic Energy-Science
(BES) [DE-SC0012070]; SHINES; NSF [DMR-1306878]; Welch Foundation
[F-1662, F-1473]; KAUST Saudi Arabia, Academia Sinica Taiwan; AOARD USA
[FA23861510001]; Ministry of Science and Technology Taiwan [MOST
104-2218-E-035-010, 104-2628-E-035-002-MY3]
FX The theoretical and experimental collaboration is made possible by
SHINES, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US Derailment
of Energy (DoE), Office of Science, Basic Energy-Science (BES) under
award # DE-SC0012070. K.H., F.W., L.X., X.L. and A.H.M. have all
received support from SHINES. Optical spectroscopy studies performed by
K.H., C.K.D., L.S. and X.L. have been partially supported by NSF
DMR-1306878 and Welch Foundation F-1662. A.H.M. also acknowledges
support from Welch Foundation F-1473. L.J.L. is grateful for support
from KAUST Saudi Arabia, Academia Sinica Taiwan, and AOARD FA23861510001
USA. C.-H.C. is grateful for support from the Ministry of Science and
Technology Taiwan (MOST 104-2218-E-035-010 and 104-2628-E-035-002-MY3).
NR 46
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 34
U2 79
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1745-2473
EI 1745-2481
J9 NAT PHYS
JI Nat. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 7
BP 677
EP +
DI 10.1038/NPHYS3674
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DQ5UG
UT WOS:000379269900025
ER
PT J
AU Clark, JB
Lecocq, F
Simmonds, RW
Aumentado, J
Teufel, JD
AF Clark, Jeremy B.
Lecocq, Florent
Simmonds, Raymond W.
Aumentado, Jose
Teufel, John D.
TI Observation of strong radiation pressure forces from squeezed light on a
mechanical oscillator
SO NATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE DETECTOR; STANDARD QUANTUM LIMIT; SHOT-NOISE;
INTERFEROMETER; AMPLIFICATION; SENSITIVITY
AB In quantum-enhanced sensing, non-classical states are used to improve the sensitivity of a measurement(1). Squeezed light, in particular, has proved a useful resource in enhanced mechanical displacement sensing(2-8), although the fundamental limit to this enhancement due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle(9-11) has not been encountered experimentally. Here we use a microwave cavity optomechanical system to observe the squeezing-dependent radiation pressure noise that necessarily accompanies any quantum enhancement of the measurement precision and ultimately limits the measurement noise performance. By increasing the measurement strength so that radiation pressure forces dominate the thermal motion of the mechanical oscillator, we exploit the optomechanical interaction to implement an efficient quantum nondemolition measurement of the squeezed light(12). Thus, our results show how the mechanical oscillator improves the measurement of non-classical light, just as non-classical light enhances the measurement of the motion.
C1 [Clark, Jeremy B.; Lecocq, Florent; Simmonds, Raymond W.; Aumentado, Jose; Teufel, John D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Teufel, JD (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM john.teufel@nist.gov
RI Teufel, John/A-8898-2010; Lecocq, Florent/A-9613-2015
OI Teufel, John/0000-0002-1873-9941; Lecocq, Florent/0000-0002-3950-0024
FU NIST; DARPA QuASAR program; NRC
FX This work was supported by NIST and the DARPA QuASAR program. We thank
M. A. Castellanos-Beltran and A. J. Sirois for valuable conversations
and technical assistance, L. R. Vale for fabrication of the JPA, and A.
W. Sanders for taking the SEM micrograph in Fig. 1c. J. B. Clark
acknowledges the NRC for financial support.
NR 30
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 9
U2 13
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1745-2473
EI 1745-2481
J9 NAT PHYS
JI Nat. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 7
BP 683
EP 687
DI 10.1038/NPHYS3701
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DQ5UG
UT WOS:000379269900026
ER
PT J
AU Gilbert, I
Nisoli, C
Schiffer, P
AF Gilbert, Ian
Nisoli, Cristiano
Schiffer, Peter
TI FRUSTRATION by design
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Article
ID ARTIFICIAL SPIN ICE
AB Geometrical frustration is a condition that occurs when a material's lattice geometry precludes minimizing the energy of all the interactions among pairs of neighbors simultaneously. The simplest example is three antiferromagnetically coupled Ising spins, pointing up or down, on the corners of an equilateral triangle: It is impossible to arrange the spins so that each pair is antiparallel. In more complex magnetic lattices, the frustrated state can arise from the combination of lattice geometry and the strength and sign of the interactions among the magnetic dipole moments. 1 (See the article by Roderich Moessner and Art Ramirez, PHYSICS TODAY, February 2006, page 24.) A wide variety of exotic and collective phenomena sometimes arises from the competing interactions. A prime example is spin liquids, materials in which the local atomic moments fluctuate down to the lowest accessible temperatures and never settle into a static ground-state configuration.
C1 [Gilbert, Ian] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nisoli, Cristiano] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Schiffer, Peter] Univ Illinois, Phys, Champaign, IL USA.
[Schiffer, Peter] Univ Illinois, Res, Champaign, IL USA.
RP Gilbert, I (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials
Science and Engineering Division
FX We are grateful for assistance and feedback from our many collaborators
and colleagues and for financial support from the US Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Science and
Engineering Division. Alex David Jerez Roman created the title-page
image, and Katelyn Gamble prepared other images.
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 5
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
EI 1945-0699
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 69
IS 7
BP 54
EP 59
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DQ4KT
UT WOS:000379173500020
ER
PT J
AU Roni, P
Johnson, C
De Boer, T
Pess, G
Dittman, A
Sear, D
AF Roni, Philip
Johnson, Christopher
De Boer, Trenton
Pess, George
Dittman, Andrew
Sear, David
TI Interannual variability in the effects of physical habitat and parentage
on Chinook salmon egg-to-fry survival
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; FINE-SEDIMENT; 1ST-GENERATION HATCHERY; PACIFIC
SALMON; SPAWNING-HABITAT; CHUM SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA;
ARTIFICIAL STREAM; HATCHING SUCCESS; BREEDING SUCCESS
AB Mortality during incubation is believed to be a major factor limiting the recovery of many salmon populations, though direct field measurements of egg-to-fry survival are rare or small in scale. To determine the effects of physical habitat (river reach, fine sediment intrusion, scour), parentage (mating, source of gametes) on Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) egg-to-fry survival and developmental stage at emergence across a basin, we constructed 324 artificial redds in nine reaches over 4 years in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA. Mean egg-to-fry survival ranged from 49% to 69% annually from 2009 to 2012 brood years. Survival was significantly different among reaches in 2010, but not in 2009, 2011, or 2012, while mating was a significant factor in all years but 2010. In contrast, developmental stage differed significantly among reaches and matings in all 4 years. Percentage of fines, days-in-gravel, and median particle size explained only small (<10%) additional amount of variation in survival or developmental stages. Our results suggest that parentage and reach within a basin are major factors influencing egg-to-fry survival, but their relative influence varies annually, presumably depending on the magnitude of high flows and scour during incubation.
C1 [Roni, Philip; Pess, George] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Johnson, Christopher; De Boer, Trenton] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, 600 Capitol Way North, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Dittman, Andrew] NOAA, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Sear, David] Univ Southampton, Geog & Environm, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Roni, Philip] Cramer Fish Sci, 25911 SE 22nd Pl, Sammamish, WA 98075 USA.
RP Roni, P (reprint author), NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.; Roni, P (reprint author), Cramer Fish Sci, 25911 SE 22nd Pl, Sammamish, WA 98075 USA.
EM phil.roni@fishsciences.net
FU NWFSC BIOP program; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and
Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [NA17RJ1232]
FX We thank the numerous biologists and technicians from the Washington
State Department of Fish and Wildlife who assisted in data collection
throughout the 4 years of this study, including Tim Webster, Nick
Mankus, Scott Coil, Zack Lessig, Dan Skillman, Casey Green, Sam Roth,
Nicole Stokes, Kristal Rodriguez, Danielle Sevold, Gabriel Temple, Conan
Northwind, Gabriel Stotz, and Andrew Lewis. We also thank Steve
Schroder, Curt Knudsen, Chad Stockton, Charlie Strom, and the CESRF
staff for their assistance with gamete collection and Todd Pearsons,
Anthony Fritts, Andrew Murdoch, and Mike Tonseth for their helpful
insights on the initial study design. We thank Martin Liermann for
statistical advice, Darren May for providing data on locations of redds
of natural spawning fish, Jason Hall for GIS assistance and analysis,
and Amy Julsrud for site map. Finally, we thank Karrie Hanson, Rich
Zabel, and anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on earlier
versions of this manuscript. Funding is acknowledged from the NWFSC BIOP
program and the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and
Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement No. NA17RJ1232.
NR 72
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 7
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 7
BP 1047
EP 1059
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2015-0372
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DP7OW
UT WOS:000378689700003
ER
PT J
AU Schar, C
Ban, N
Fischer, EM
Rajczak, J
Schmidli, J
Frei, C
Giorgi, F
Karl, TR
Kendon, EJ
Tank, AMGK
O'Gorman, PA
Sillmann, J
Zhang, XB
Zwiers, FW
AF Schaer, Christoph
Ban, Nikolina
Fischer, Erich M.
Rajczak, Jan
Schmidli, Juerg
Frei, Christoph
Giorgi, Filippo
Karl, Thomas R.
Kendon, Elizabeth J.
Tank, Albert M. G. Klein
O'Gorman, Paul A.
Sillmann, Jana
Zhang, Xuebin
Zwiers, Francis W.
TI Percentile indices for assessing changes in heavy precipitation events
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL; EXTREME PRECIPITATION; ALPINE REGION;
TEMPERATURE; SIMULATIONS; PROBABILITY; REGIMES; EUROPE; TRENDS; CYCLE
AB Many climate studies assess trends and projections in heavy precipitation events using precipitation percentile (or quantile) indices. Here we investigate three different percentile indices that are commonly used. We demonstrate that these may produce very different results and thus require great care with interpretation. More specifically, consideration is given to two intensity-based indices and one frequency-based index, namely (a) all-day percentiles, (b) wet-day percentiles, and (c) frequency indices based on the exceedance of a percentile threshold.
Wet-day percentiles are conditionally computed for the subset of wet events (with precipitation exceeding some threshold, e.g. 1 mm/d for daily precipitation). We present evidence that this commonly used methodology can lead to artifacts and misleading results if significant changes in the wet-day frequency are not accounted for. Percentile threshold indices measure the frequency of exceedance with respect to a percentile-based threshold. We show that these indices yield an assessment of changes in heavy precipitation events that is qualitatively consistent with all-day percentiles, but there are substantial differences in quantitative terms. We discuss the reasons for these effects, present a theoretical assessment, and provide a series of examples using global and regional climate models to quantify the effects in typical applications.
Application to climate model output shows that these considerations are relevant to a wide range of typical climate-change applications. In particular, wet-day percentiles generally yield different results, and in most instances should not be used for the impact-oriented assessment of changes in heavy precipitation events.
C1 [Schaer, Christoph; Ban, Nikolina; Fischer, Erich M.; Rajczak, Jan] ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Univ Str 16, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Schmidli, Juerg] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-60054 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Frei, Christoph] Fed Off Meteorol & Climatol MeteoSwiss, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Giorgi, Filippo] Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy.
[Karl, Thomas R.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Asheville, NC USA.
[Kendon, Elizabeth J.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Tank, Albert M. G. Klein] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI, De Bilt, Netherlands.
[O'Gorman, Paul A.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Sillmann, Jana] CICERO Ctr Int Climate & Environm Res, Oslo, Norway.
[Zhang, Xuebin] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Climate Res, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Zwiers, Francis W.] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
RP Schar, C (reprint author), ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Univ Str 16, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
EM schaer@env.ethz.ch
RI Schar, Christoph/A-1033-2008; Fischer, Erich/B-6067-2011; Schmidli,
Juerg/G-9282-2012
OI Schar, Christoph/0000-0002-4171-1613; Fischer,
Erich/0000-0003-1931-6737; Schmidli, Juerg/0000-0002-6322-6512
FU Swiss National Science Foundation [200021_132614, CRSII2_136279]; Joint
DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101];
Norwegian Research Council through the NAPEX project [229778]
FX We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on
Coupled Modeling, and the EU-FP6 project ENSEMBLES, for providing access
to the CMIP5 and ENSEMBLES data, respectively. We also acknowledge
constructive comments and suggestions from Hayley Fowler (Newcastle
University), Reto Knutti and Linda Schlemmer (both ETH Zurich) on
earlier versions of this manuscript. The work of Nikolina Ban and Jan
Rajczak was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (through
the PhD grant 200021_132614 and the Sinergia grant CRSII2_136279
"TEMPS"). Elizabeth J. Kendon gratefully acknowledges funding from the
Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme (GA01101).
Jana Sillmann is supported by the Norwegian Research Council through the
NAPEX project (no. 229778).
NR 42
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 11
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 137
IS 1-2
BP 201
EP 216
DI 10.1007/s10584-016-1669-2
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DP8IP
UT WOS:000378741900014
ER
PT J
AU Pagliaro, JL
Bouvet, N
Linteris, GT
AF Pagliaro, John L.
Bouvet, N.
Linteris, Gregory T.
TI Premixed flame inhibition by CF3Br and C3H2F3Br (2-BTP)
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Fire suppression; 2-BTP (C3H2F3Br); Baton 1301 (CF3Br); Burning
velocity; Markstein length; Refrigerant flammability
ID LAMINAR BURNING VELOCITIES; PROPAGATING SPHERICAL FLAMES; METHANE-AIR
FLAMES; UNWANTED COMBUSTION ENHANCEMENT; HALON REPLACEMENTS; MARKSTEIN
LENGTHS; IGNITION ENERGY; LEWIS NUMBER; HYDROCARBON/AIR FLAMES; HYDROGEN
ADDITION
AB The un-stretched burning velocities and Markstein lengths of premixed CH4- and C3H8-air flames with added C3H2F3Br (2-BTP) or CF3Br (Halon 1301), have been studied experimentally and numerically. For CF3Br flame inhibition, the un-stretched burning velocities, predicted using a recently updated kinetic model for CF3Br flame inhibition, were in excellent agreement with the experimental results over a range of fuel-air equivalence ratio and CF3Br loading. For C3H2F3Br flame inhibition, the un-stretched burning velocities predicted using a recently developed kinetic mechanism were in good agreement with the experimental results for most of the equivalence ratios tested; nonetheless, for very lean flames approaching the flammability limit, model predictions differed by up to 25%, even for uninhibited flames. The influence of inhibitor on the flame response to stretch and susceptibility to instabilities was examined through consideration of the measured burned gas Markstein lengths. Markstein lengths were very large, leading to large stretch effects on the flame stability after ignition, and flame wrinkling during explosion tests, greatly increasing the rate of pressure rise. The influence of stretch with regard to flame inhibitor effectiveness is discussed. (C) 2016 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pagliaro, John L.] Univ Maryland, Dept Fire Protect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Pagliaro, John L.; Bouvet, N.; Linteris, Gregory T.] NIST, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Pagliaro, JL (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM johnLPagliaro@gmail.com
FU Boeing Company; NIST-ARRA grant
FX The authors thank Dr. Li Qiao and Dr. Kenji Takizawa for their help
during the experimental setup. We also thank Dr. Peter Sunderland at the
University of Maryland and Drs. Valeri Babushok, Don Burgess, and Jeff
Manion at NIST for their suggestions. This work was supported by the
Boeing Company and by a NIST-ARRA grant.
NR 77
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Z9 1
U1 5
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
EI 1556-2921
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 169
BP 272
EP 286
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.04.017
PG 15
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA DP6CD
UT WOS:000378583600022
ER
PT J
AU Bouvet, N
Linteris, GT
Babushok, VI
Takahashi, F
Katta, VR
Kramer, R
AF Bouvet, Nicolas
Linteris, Gregory T.
Babushok, Valeri I.
Takahashi, Fumiaki
Katta, Viswanath R.
Kraemer, Roland
TI A comparison of the gas-phase fire retardant action of DMMP and Br-2 in
co-flow diffusion flame extinguishment
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Cup burner flame; Fire retardants; Phosphorus; Dimethyl
methylphosphonate (DMMP); Particle formation; Bromine
ID PHOSPHORUS-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS; CUP-BURNER; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS;
NONPREMIXED FLAMES; IRON PENTACARBONYL; INHIBITION; AIR; FLAMMABILITY;
COMBUSTION; PARTICLES
AB Phosphorus-containing compounds are added to polymers as fire retardants and they are believed to act in both the gas and solid phases. In gaseous flame studies, they have been shown to be very effective gas-phase flame inhibitors; however, their performance varies with flame type. In particular, their effectiveness in co-flow diffusion flames is much lower than in other flames. To understand this behavior, co-flow diffusion flame experiments have been performed using dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) added to the fuel stream. CO2 flame extinguishing tests show that phosphorus (via DMMP addition) is much more effective (similar to 4 times) than bromine (Br-2) at low concentrations. At higher concentrations (above similar to 5000 mu L/L), the efficiency ranking is reversed due to saturation of the DMMP inhibition effect, which is not observed in the case of Br-2 addition. The role of particle formation (via condensation of active phosphorus-containing species) in the loss of effectiveness of DMMP is investigated using Rayleigh scattering measurements. In order to understand the behavior of the flame stabilization region that is disrupted during flame extinguishment, premixed burning velocity simulations with detailed kinetics are performed for DMMP or Br-2 addition to the flames. (C) 2016 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bouvet, Nicolas; Linteris, Gregory T.; Babushok, Valeri I.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Takahashi, Fumiaki] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Katta, Viswanath R.] Innovat Sci Solut, Morristown, NJ USA.
[Kraemer, Roland] RBASF SE, Adv Mat & Syst Res, Germany Res Div, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
RP Bouvet, N (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8662, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM nicolas.bouvet@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology [70NANB 13H 176]; FXT
Consulting, LLC; BASF [70NANB 12H 291]; NIST
FX The work of FT, VK, and VB was supported under the Cooperative Agreement
no. 70NANB 13H 176 by the National Institute of Standards and Technology
with FXT Consulting, LLC. NB was supported by a grant to the University
of Maryland from BASF (Grant award no. 70NANB 12H 291) and from NIST.
NR 51
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U1 12
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
EI 1556-2921
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 169
BP 340
EP 348
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2016.04.023
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA DP6CD
UT WOS:000378583600028
ER
PT J
AU Silva, M
Etnoyer, PJ
MacDonald, IR
AF Silva, Mauricio
Etnoyer, Peter J.
MacDonald, Ian R.
TI Coral injuries observed at Mesophotic Reefs after the Deepwater Horizon
oil discharge
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mesophotic reefs; Octocoral; Black coral; Coral injuries; Hydrocarbon
and dispersant impact; Deepwater Horizon; Gulf of Mexico
ID FANS GORGONIA-VENTALINA; SPILL; MEXICO; GULF; COMMUNITIES; ASSEMBLAGES;
SEAWATER; HEALTHY; MARINE
AB Pathologies in over 400 octocoral and antipatharian colonies were quantified in the aftermath of the DWH oil discharge. Observations were made in September 2011 at water depths of 65-75 m in the Pinnacle Reef trend area offshore from Mississippi and Alabama, Gulf of Mexico, using a digital macro camera deployed from an ROV to examine the coral populations for injury at two principal sites: Alabama Alps Reef (AAR) and Roughtongue Reef (RTR). Taxa observed to exhibit injury included gorgonian octocorals Hypnogorgia pendula, Bebtyce spp., Thesea nivea, and Swiftia exserta, the antipatharian Anti-pathes atlantica, and the sea whips Stichopathes sp., and Ellisella barbadensis. The most common type of injury was a biofilm with a clumped or flake-like appearance covering sea-fan branches. Extreme injuries were characterized by bare skeletons, broken and missing branches. Comparing the 2011 results to previous photo surveys of the same study sites between 1997 and 1999, we found significantly more occurrences of injury in 2011 among taxa with growth forms > 0.5 m. We hypothesize that Tropical Storm Bonnie facilitated and accelerated the mixing process of dispersant-treated hydrocarbons into the water column, resulting in harmful contact with coral colonies at mesophotic depths. Analysis of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (tPAH) concentrations in sediments at AAR and RTR found levels elevated above pre-discharge values, but orders of magnitude below toxicity thresholds established for fauna in estuarine sediments. The tPAH concentrations measured in octocoral and echinoderm tissue samples from AAR and RTR were detectable (mean values ranged from 51 to 345 ppb); however, bioeffect thresholds do not currently exist with which to evaluate the potential harm these levels may cause. Our findings indicate that coral injuries observed in 2011 may have resulted from an acute, isolated event rather than ongoing natural processes. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Silva, Mauricio; MacDonald, Ian R.] Florida State Univ, Earth Oceanog & Atmospher Sci Dept, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Etnoyer, Peter J.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC USA.
RP MacDonald, IR (reprint author), 117 Woodward Ave,Rogers Bldg,Room 531, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM imacdonald@fsu.edu
FU Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) of the Deepwater Horizon;
Fulbright - CONICYT (Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y
Tecnologica) Scholarship (EEUU and Chile governments); Latin
America-Caribbean; Florida State University; Deep-C GOMRI consortium
FX This work was supported by funding provided as part of the Natural
Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
being conducted in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA), and by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
(BOEM). We gratefully acknowledge the support and dedication of the
science party on the 2011's Mesophotic Reef Cruise. We also thank the
crew of Holliday Chouest, the pilots of the C-Innovation ROV, and the
marine technicians of CSA Ocean Sciences Inc., as well to C. Johansen
for her valuable comments and suggestions. M. Silva is supported by
Fulbright - CONICYT (Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y
Tecnologica) Scholarship (EEUU and Chile governments) and Latin
America-Caribbean (Perring et al.) Scholarship (Florida State
University) and by research assistantship support provided by the Deep-C
GOMRI consortium.
NR 39
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U1 10
U2 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 129
BP 96
EP 107
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2015.05.013
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DP7HW
UT WOS:000378670800011
ER
PT J
AU Place, BJ
Perkins, MJ
Sinclair, E
Barsamian, AL
Blakemore, PR
Field, JA
AF Place, Benjamin J.
Perkins, Matt J.
Sinclair, Ewan
Barsamian, Adam L.
Blakemore, Paul R.
Field, Jennifer A.
TI Trace analysis of surfactants in Corexit oil dispersant formulations and
seawater
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Oil dispersant; LC-MS/MS; Corexit; bis-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate;
DOSS; Surfactants; Large-volume injection; Deepwater Horizon
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LARGE-VOLUME INJECTION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY;
DIOCTYL SULFOSUCCINATE; ENVIRONMENTAL MATRICES; NONIONIC SURFACTANTS;
HUMAN URINE; CRUDE-OIL; METABOLITES; WATERS
AB After the April 2010 explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil rig, and subsequent release of millions of barrels of oil, two Corexit oil dispersant formulations were used in unprecedented quantities both on the surface and sub-surface of the Gulf of Mexico. Although the dispersant formulations contain four classes of surfactants, current studies to date focus on the anionic surfactant, bis-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (DOSS). Factors affecting the integrity of environmental and laboratory samples for Corexit analysis have not been systematically investigated. For this reason, a quantitative analytical method was developed for the detection of all four classes of surfactants, as well as the hydrolysis products of DOSS, the enantiomeric mixture of alpha- and beta-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate (alpha-/beta-EHSS). The analytical method was then used to evaluate which practices for sample collection, storage, and analysis resulted in high quality data. Large volume, direct injection of seawater followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) minimized analytical artifacts, analysis time, and both chemical and solid waste. Concentrations of DOSS in the seawater samples ranged from 71 to 13,000 ng/L, while the nonionic surfactants including Span 80, Tween 80, Tween 85 were detected infrequently (26% of samples) at concentrations from 840 to 9100 ng/L. The enantiomers alpha-/beta-EHSS were detected in seawater, at concentrations from 200 to 1900 ng/L, and in both Corexit dispersant formulations, indicating alpha-/beta-EHSS were applied to the oil spill and may be not unambiguous indicator of DOSS degradation. Best practices are provided to ensure sample integrity and data quality for environmental monitoring studies and laboratory that require the detection and quantification of Corexit-based surfactants in seawater. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Place, Benjamin J.; Barsamian, Adam L.; Blakemore, Paul R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Gilbert Hall 153, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Perkins, Matt J.; Field, Jennifer A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, 1007 ALS Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Sinclair, Ewan] Touro Univ Calif, Coll Osteopath Med, Vallejo, CA USA.
[Place, Benjamin J.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Field, JA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, 1007 ALS Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM Jennifer.Field@oregonstate.edu
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-1043224]; BP/The Gulf of Mexico
Research Initiative (as part of the University of Mississippi-led
consortium for research entitled 'Ecosystem Impacts of Oil and Gas
Inputs to the Gulf (ECOGIG)') [217]; National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences [P42ES016465]; Oregon State University; National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of
Health [T32ES007060]
FX The authors would like to thank James Gray and Ed Furlong (USGS) for
collaborative discussions and provision of the
13C4-DOSS standard; Samantha Joye and Kim Hunter
(UGA) for the collection and provision of Gulf of Mexico seawater
samples; and Ronald Tjeerdema (UCD) for early collaborations related to
Corexit oil dispersant and donation of the Corexit 9500 and 9527
formulation. Gulf of Mexico sample collection, aboard the R/V Walton
Smith, was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation
OCE-1043224 given to Samantha B. Joye. In addition, this study was
supported, in part, by a grant from the BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research
Initiative (as part of the University of Mississippi-led consortium for
research entitled 'Ecosystem Impacts of Oil and Gas Inputs to the Gulf
(ECOGIG)') contribution number 217, the OSU Superfund Research Program
Award no. P42ES016465 from the National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences, and the N.L. Tartar Research Fellowship from Oregon
State University. The data shown in Table 2 can be found at this
location https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org/data/R1.X132.134:0036/
and the data for Table 1, Figure 1 and 2, and in the Supporting
Information can be found at this location
https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org/data/R1.X132.138:0001/. Research
reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under
Award no. T32ES007060. The content is solely the responsibility of the
authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the
National Institutes of Health.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 129
BP 273
EP 281
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.01.015
PG 9
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DP7HW
UT WOS:000378670800028
PM 27594772
ER
PT J
AU Baker-Austin, C
Trinanes, JA
Salmenlinna, S
Lofdahl, M
Siitonen, A
Taylor, NGH
Martinez-Urtaza, J
AF Baker-Austin, Craig
Trinanes, Joaquin A.
Salmenlinna, Saara
Lofdahl, Margareta
Siitonen, Anja
Taylor, Nick G. H.
Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime
TI Heat Wave-Associated Vibriosis, Sweden and Finland, 2014
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; PARAHAEMOLYTICUS; GASTROENTERITIS; OYSTERS
AB During summer 2014, a total of 89 Vibrio infections were reported in Sweden and Finland, substantially more yearly infections than previously have been reported in northern Europe. Infections were spread across most coastal counties of Sweden and Finland, but unusually, numerous infections were reported in subarctic regions; cases were reported as far north as 65 degrees N, approximate to 100 miles (160 km) from the Arctic Circle. Most infections were caused by non-O1/O139 V. cholerae (70 cases, corresponding to 77% of the total, all strains were negative for the cholera toxin gene). An extreme heat wave in northern Scandinavia during summer 2014 led to unprecedented high sea surface temperatures, which appear to have been responsible for the emergence of Vibrio bacteria at these latitudes. The emergence of vibriosis in high-latitude regions requires improved diagnostic detection and clinical awareness of these emerging pathogens.
C1 [Baker-Austin, Craig; Taylor, Nick G. H.] Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Barrack Rd, Weymouth DT4 8UB, Dorset, England.
[Trinanes, Joaquin A.] NOAA, Miami, FL USA.
[Trinanes, Joaquin A.] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA.
[Trinanes, Joaquin A.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.
[Salmenlinna, Saara; Siitonen, Anja] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland.
[Lofdahl, Margareta] Publ Hlth Agcy Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden.
[Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime] Univ Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England.
RP Baker-Austin, C (reprint author), Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Barrack Rd, Weymouth DT4 8UB, Dorset, England.
EM craig.baker-austin@cefas.co.uk
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U1 5
U2 8
PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
EI 1080-6059
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 7
BP 1216
EP 1220
DI 10.32032/eid2207.151996
PG 5
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA DP5UR
UT WOS:000378563900010
PM 27314874
ER
PT J
AU Smylie, MS
McDonough, CJ
Reed, LA
Shervette, VR
AF Smylie, Meredith S.
McDonough, Christopher J.
Reed, Lou Ann
Shervette, Virginia R.
TI Mercury bioaccumulation in an estuarine predator: Biotic factors,
abiotic factors, and assessments of fish health
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Methylmercury; Trophic ecology; Longnose gar; Lepisosteus osseus
ID GAR LEPISOSTEUS-OSSEUS; WALLEYE STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM; GULF-OF-MEXICO;
LONGNOSE GAR; SOUTH-CAROLINA; COASTAL POPULATIONS; SCIAENOPS-OCELLATUS;
REDUCING BACTERIA; OFFSHORE WATERS; YELLOW PERCH
AB Estuarine wetlands are major contributors to mercury (Hg) transformation into its more toxic form, methylmercury (MeHg). Although these complex habitats are important, estuarine Hg bioaccumulation is not well understood. The longnose gar Lepisosteus osseus (L. 1758), an estuarine predator in the eastern United States, was selected to examine Hg processes due to its abundance, estuarine residence, and top predator status. This study examined variability in Hg concentrations within longnose gar muscle tissue spatially and temporally, the influence of biological factors, potential maternal transfer, and potential negative health effects on these fish. Smaller, immature fish had the highest Hg concentrations and were predominantly located in low salinity waters. Sex and diet were also important factors and Hg levels peaked in the spring. Although maternal transfer occurred in small amounts, the potential negative health effects to young gar remain unknown. Fish health as measured by fecundity and growth rate appeared to be relatively unaffected by Hg at concentrations in the present study (less than 1.3 ppm wet weight). The analysis of biotic and abiotic factors relative to tissue Hg concentrations in a single estuarine fish species provided valuable insight in Hg bioaccumulation, biomagnification, and elimination. Insights such as these can improve public health policy and environmental management decisions related to Hg pollution. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Smylie, Meredith S.] Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, 205 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[McDonough, Christopher J.] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Marine Resources Div, 217 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29422 USA.
[Reed, Lou Ann] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Shervette, Virginia R.] Univ South Carolina Aiken, Dept Biol & Geol, 471 Univ Pkwy, Aiken, SC 29801 USA.
[Smylie, Meredith S.] Yale Univ, Greeley Mem Lab, 370 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
RP Smylie, MS (reprint author), Yale Univ, Greeley Mem Lab, 370 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
EM Meredith.smylie@yale.edu
FU US Dept. of Energy through the Nuclear Workforce Initiative of the SRS
Community Reuse Organization; University of South Carolina Aiken Dept.
of Biology and Geology; Joanna Deep Water Fund Fellowship
FX Thanks to the Inshore Fisheries and Mariculture Divisions of the SCDNR
for sample collection, Jay Brandes for providing instruction during
stable isotope processing, and Bill Roumillat and Patrick Biondo for
help with reproductive histology. Funding for this work came from: US
Dept. of Energy through the Nuclear Workforce Initiative of the SRS
Community Reuse Organization (VRS), University of South Carolina Aiken
Dept. of Biology and Geology (VRS), and The Joanna Deep Water Fund
Fellowship (MSS). This is contribution number 747 from the Marine
Resources Research Institute of the SCDNR.
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 214
BP 169
EP 176
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.007
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DP4EI
UT WOS:000378448600019
PM 27086072
ER
PT J
AU Gittelson, S
Steffen, CR
Coble, MD
AF Gittelson, Simone
Steffen, Carolyn R.
Coble, Michael D.
TI Low-template DNA: A single DNA analysis or two replicates?
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE LT-DNA; Replication; Value of information; Decision theory
ID PROFILES; TOOL
AB This study investigates the following two questions: (1) Should the DNA analyst concentrate the DNA extract into a single amplification or should he/she split it up to do two replicates? (2) Given the electropherogram obtained from a first analysis, is it worthwhile for the DNA analyst to invest in obtaining a second replicate? A decision-theoretic approach addresses these questions by quantitatively expressing the expected net gain (ENG) of each DNA analysis of interest. The results indicate that two replicates generally have a greater ENG than a single DNA analysis for DNA quantities capable of producing two replicates having an average allelic peak height as low as 43 rfu. This supports the position that two replicates increase the information content with regard to a single analysis. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 [Gittelson, Simone; Steffen, Carolyn R.; Coble, Michael D.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gittelson, S (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM simone.gittelson@nist.gov
FU Swiss National Science Foundation [P2LAP3-148445]
FX This work was supported by grant number P2LAP3-148445 from the Swiss
National Science Foundation. In addition, the authors sincerely thank
John Buckleton, Steve Lund and three anonymous reviewers for their
valuable comments.
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PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0379-0738
EI 1872-6283
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT
JI Forensic Sci.Int.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 264
BP 139
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.04.012
PG 7
WC Medicine, Legal
SC Legal Medicine
GA DP6QP
UT WOS:000378623200019
PM 27131143
ER
PT J
AU Choe, L
Agarwal, A
Varma, AH
AF Choe, Lisa
Agarwal, Anil
Varma, Amit H.
TI Steel Columns Subjected to Thermal Gradients from Fire Loading:
Experimental Evaluation
SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Fire; Elevated temperatures; Steel column; Thermal gradients;
Experiment; Heat; Metal and composite structures
ID BEAM-COLUMNS; BEHAVIOR; DESIGN
AB This paper presents the behavior of axially loaded steel columns subjected to thermal gradients through their cross sections. Experimental tests were conducted on full-scale wide-flange steel columns with W8 x 35 and W14 x 53 sections made from standard grade 50 steel. The experimental investigations confirmed that variations in fire protection thickness had significant influence on the thermal gradient developing through the steel cross section. Thermal gradient along the flanges caused bowing of column specimens toward the hotter side. Thermal bowing introduced second-order moments and adversely affected stability, leading to failure of column specimens by inelastic flexural column buckling. The experimental behavior and results were compared with those obtained from detailed nonlinear finite-element analyses of the tested specimens. These nonlinear finite-element models utilized standard (temperature-dependent) material properties, and reasonably predicted the axial load-temperature-deformation behavior and failure temperature of column specimens subjected to nonuniform heating. (c) 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Choe, Lisa] NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Agarwal, Anil] Indian Inst Technol Hyderabad, Dept Civil Engn, Sangareddy 502285, Telangana, India.
[Varma, Amit H.] Purdue Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, 550 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Choe, L (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lisa.choe@nist.gov; anil@iith.ac.in; ahvarma@purdue.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0825506, 0601201]
FX Experimental tests were conducted at Bowen Laboratory for Large-Scale
Civil Engineering Research at Purdue University. The research presented
in this paper was funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant Nos.
CMMI-0825506 and 0601201). The project is titled "Structural Mechanics
of Steel Columns and Beam-Columns under Fire Loading." Experimental
data, findings, and conclusions or recommendations are those of the
authors only.
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9445
EI 1943-541X
J9 J STRUCT ENG
JI J. Struct. Eng.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 142
IS 7
AR 04016037
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001500
PG 9
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA DP9EC
UT WOS:000378798500015
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, GC
Lyman, JM
Loeb, NG
AF Johnson, Gregory C.
Lyman, John M.
Loeb, Norman G.
TI CORRESPONDENCE: Improving estimates of Earth's energy imbalance
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Letter
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; GLOBAL HEAT; UPPER-OCEAN; BUDGETS
C1 [Johnson, Gregory C.; Lyman, John M.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Lyman, John M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Loeb, Norman G.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Johnson, GC (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov
RI Johnson, Gregory/I-6559-2012
OI Johnson, Gregory/0000-0002-8023-4020
FU Climate Observation Division; Climate Program Office; National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); US Department of Commerce; NOAA
Research; NASA Science Mission Directorate
FX Argo data are collected and made freely available by the International
Argo Programme and the national programs that contribute to it. we also
thank the CERES science, algorithm and data management team. G.C.J. and
J.M.L. are supported by the Climate Observation Division, Climate
Program Office, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
US Department of Commerce and NOAA Research. N.G.L. is supported by the
NASA Science Mission Directorate. PMEL Contribution 4461.
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 7
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 7
BP 639
EP 640
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DP6LP
UT WOS:000378608900004
ER
PT J
AU Tao, ZS
Chen, C
Szilvasi, T
Keller, M
Mavrikakis, M
Kapteyn, H
Murnane, M
AF Tao, Zhensheng
Chen, Cong
Szilvasi, Tibor
Keller, Mark
Mavrikakis, Manos
Kapteyn, Henry
Murnane, Margaret
TI Direct time-domain observation of attosecond final-state lifetimes in
photoemission from solids
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGLE-RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; HIGH-HARMONIC-GENERATION;
CHARGE-DENSITY-WAVE; SPECTROSCOPY; BAND; ELECTRONS; SURFACES; PULSES;
METAL; NI
AB Attosecond spectroscopic techniques have made it possible to measure differences in transport times for photoelectrons from localized core levels and delocalized valence bands in solids. We report the application of attosecond pulse trains to directly and unambiguously measure the difference in lifetimes between photoelectrons born into free electron-like states and those excited into unoccupied excited states in the band structure of nickel (111). An enormous increase in lifetime of 212 +/- 30 attoseconds occurs when the final state coincides with a short-lived excited state. Moreover, a strong dependence of this lifetime on emission angle is directly related to the final-state band dispersion as a function of electron transverse momentum. This finding underscores the importance of the material band structure in determining photoelectron lifetimes and corresponding electron escape depths.
C1 [Tao, Zhensheng; Chen, Cong; Kapteyn, Henry; Murnane, Margaret] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Tao, Zhensheng; Chen, Cong; Kapteyn, Henry; Murnane, Margaret] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Tao, Zhensheng; Chen, Cong; Kapteyn, Henry; Murnane, Margaret] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Szilvasi, Tibor; Mavrikakis, Manos] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Keller, Mark] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Tao, ZS; Chen, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Tao, ZS; Chen, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM zhensheng.tao@jila.colorado.edu; cong.chen@colorado.edu
FU National Science Foundation through the JILA Physics Frontiers Centers
Program; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation EPiQS Award [GBMF4538]; Air
Force Office of Scientific Research under a Basic Research Initiative
grant [AFOSR FA9550-12-1-0481]; DOE-BES, the Division of Chemical
Sciences [DE-FG02-05ER15731]
FX We thank A. Carr, P. Matyba, G. D. Mahan, G. B. Arnold, G. F. Mancini,
H. X. Li, Z. Zhu and Y. Cao for helpful discussions. This work was done
at JILA. The JILA authors gratefully acknowledge support from the
National Science Foundation through the JILA Physics Frontiers Centers
Program and a Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation EPiQS Award through
grant GBMF4538. T.S. and M.Ma. gratefully acknowledge support from Air
Force Office of Scientific Research under a Basic Research Initiative
grant (AFOSR FA9550-12-1-0481) and DOE-BES, the Division of Chemical
Sciences (grant DE-FG02-05ER15731). The authors declare that they have
no competing interests. H.K. and M.Mu. have a financial interest in a
laser company, KMLabs.
NR 40
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Z9 8
U1 19
U2 36
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 353
IS 6294
BP 62
EP 67
DI 10.1126/science.aaf6793
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DP9KX
UT WOS:000378816200035
PM 27256880
ER
PT J
AU Shen, SSP
Wied, O
Weithmann, A
Regele, T
Bailey, BA
Lawrimore, JH
AF Shen, Samuel S. P.
Wied, Olaf
Weithmann, Alexander
Regele, Tobias
Bailey, Barbara A.
Lawrimore, Jay H.
TI Six temperature and precipitation regimes of the contiguous United
States between 1895 and 2010: a statistical inference study
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HISTORICAL CLIMATOLOGY NETWORK; TIME-SERIES; TRENDS; VARIABILITY;
UNCERTAINTIES; PATTERNS; PACIFIC; DROUGHT
AB This paper describes six different temporal climate regimes of the contiguous United States (CONUS) according to interdecadal variations of surface air temperature (SAT) and precipitation using the United States Historical Climatology Network (USHCN) monthly data (Tmax, Tmin, Tmean, and precipitation) from 1895 to 2010. Our analysis is based on the probability distribution, mean, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test, and Welch's t test. The relevant statistical parameters are computed from gridded monthly SAT and precipitation data. SAT variations lead to classification of four regimes: 1895-1930 (cool), 1931-1960 (warm), 1961-1985 (cool), and 1986-2010 (warm), while precipitation variations lead to a classification of two regimes: 1895-1975 (dry) and 1976-2010 (wet). The KS test shows that any two regimes of the above six are statistically significantly different from each other due to clear shifts of the probability density functions. Extremes of SAT and precipitation identify the ten hottest, coldest, driest, and wettest years. Welch's t test is used to discern significant differences among these extremes. The spatial patterns of the six climate regimes and some years of extreme climate are analyzed. Although the recent two decades are the warmest among the other decades since 1895 and many hottest years measured by CONUS Tmin and Tmean are in these two decades, the hottest year according to the CONUS Tmax anomalies is 1934 (1.37 A degrees C), which is very close to the second Tmax hottest year 2006 (1.35 A degrees C).
C1 [Shen, Samuel S. P.; Wied, Olaf; Weithmann, Alexander; Regele, Tobias; Bailey, Barbara A.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Shen, Samuel S. P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Lawrimore, Jay H.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
RP Shen, SSP (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.; Shen, SSP (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM sam.shen@sdsu.edu
FU US National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration
[EL133E09SE4048]; US National Science Foundation [AGS-1015926,
AGS-1015957]; US Department of Energy [DE-SC002763]; US NASA Jet
Propulsion Laboratory
FX This study was supported in part by the US National Oceanographic and
Atmospheric Administration (Award No. EL133E09SE4048), the US National
Science Foundation (Awards No. AGS-1015926 and AGS-1015957), the US
Department of Energy (Award No. DE-SC002763), and a contract from US
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The comments from the anonymous
reviewers have helped improve the clarity and overall quality of the
paper.
NR 51
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 8
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-798X
EI 1434-4483
J9 THEOR APPL CLIMATOL
JI Theor. Appl. Climatol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 125
IS 1-2
BP 197
EP 211
DI 10.1007/s00704-015-1502-2
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DQ0JG
UT WOS:000378884600016
ER
PT J
AU Boyer, T
Domingues, CM
Good, SA
Johnson, GC
Lyman, JM
Ishii, M
Gouretski, V
Willis, JK
Antonov, J
Wijffels, S
Church, JA
Cowley, R
Bindoff, NL
AF Boyer, Tim
Domingues, Catia M.
Good, Simon A.
Johnson, Gregory C.
Lyman, John M.
Ishii, Masayoshi
Gouretski, Viktor
Willis, Josh K.
Antonov, John
Wijffels, Susan
Church, John A.
Cowley, Rebecca
Bindoff, Nathaniel L.
TI Sensitivity of Global Upper-Ocean Heat Content Estimates to Mapping
Methods, XBT Bias Corrections, and Baseline Climatologies
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; SUBSURFACE TEMPERATURE;
EXPENDABLE BATHYTHERMOGRAPHS; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY;
PREDICTIONS; VARIABLES; PRESSURE; IMPACTS
AB Ocean warming accounts for the majority of the earth's recent energy imbalance. Historic ocean heat content (OHC) changes are important for understanding changing climate. Calculations of OHC anomalies (OHCA) from in situ measurements provide estimates of these changes. Uncertainties in OHCA estimates arise from calculating global fields from temporally and spatially irregular data (mapping method), instrument bias corrections, and the definitions of a baseline climatology from which anomalies are calculated. To investigate sensitivity of OHCA estimates for the upper 700 m to these different factors, the same quality-controlled dataset is used by seven groups and comparisons are made. Two time periods (1970-2008 and 1993-2008) are examined. Uncertainty due to the mapping method is 16.5 ZJ for 1970-2008 and 17.1 ZJ for 1993-2008 (1 ZJ = 1 x 10(21) J). Uncertainty due to instrument bias correction varied from 8.0 to 17.9 ZJ for 1970-2008 and from 10.9 to 22.4 ZJ for 1993-2008, depending on mapping method. Uncertainty due to baseline mean varied from 3.5 to 14.5 ZJ for 1970-2008 and from 2.7 to 9.8 ZJ for 1993-2008, depending on mapping method and offsets. On average mapping method is the largest source of uncertainty. The linear trend varied from 1.3 to 5.0 ZJ yr(-1) (0.08-0.31 Wm(-2)) for 1970-2008 and from 1.5 to 9.4 ZJ yr(-1) (0.09-0.58 Wm(-2)) for 1993-2008, depending on method, instrument bias correction, and baseline mean. Despite these complications, a statistically robust upper-ocean warming was found in all cases for the full time period.
C1 [Boyer, Tim] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Domingues, Catia M.; Bindoff, Nathaniel L.] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Domingues, Catia M.; Bindoff, Nathaniel L.] Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Inst, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Domingues, Catia M.; Bindoff, Nathaniel L.] Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Good, Simon A.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Johnson, Gregory C.; Lyman, John M.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Lyman, John M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Ishii, Masayoshi] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Gouretski, Viktor] Univ Hamburg, Ctr Earth Syst Res & Sustainabil, CliSAP, Integrated Climate Data Ctr, Hamburg, Germany.
[Willis, Josh K.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Church, John A.] Univ Corp Atmospheric Res, Boulder, CO USA.
[Wijffels, Susan; Church, John A.; Cowley, Rebecca; Bindoff, Nathaniel L.] CSIRO, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
RP Boyer, T (reprint author), Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Ocean Climate Lab, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM tim.boyer@noaa.gov
RI Johnson, Gregory/I-6559-2012; Church, John/A-1541-2012
OI Johnson, Gregory/0000-0002-8023-4020; Church, John/0000-0002-7037-8194
FU Climate Observations and Monitoring Program, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce; Joint UK
DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101];
Australian Government's Business Cooperative Research Centres Programme
through the Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre
(ACE CRC); Australian Research Council [FT130101532]; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration; NOAA Research; NOAA Ocean Climate
Observations Program
FX TB was funded by the Climate Observations and Monitoring Program,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of
Commerce. SG was supported by the Joint UK DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley
Centre Climate Programme (GA01101). CMD was initially supported by the
Australian Government's Business Cooperative Research Centres Programme
through the Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre
(ACE CRC) and subsequently by an Australian Research Council Future
Fellowship (FT130101532). The research described in this paper was
carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration. GCJ and JML were supported by NOAA Research
and the NOAA Ocean Climate Observations Program. The views expressed
herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views
of NOAA. Data used herein are available upon request.
NR 76
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 16
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 13
BP 4817
EP 4842
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0801.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DO9GB
UT WOS:000378091900008
ER
PT J
AU Randel, WJ
Smith, AK
Wu, F
Zou, CZ
Qian, HF
AF Randel, William J.
Smith, Anne K.
Wu, Fei
Zou, Cheng-Zhi
Qian, Haifeng
TI Stratospheric Temperature Trends over 1979-2015 Derived from Combined
SSU, MLS, and SABER Satellite Observations
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID VOLCANIC-ERUPTIONS; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; DATA SETS; SAGE II; OZONE;
CLIMATE; MODEL; RECORDS; PROFILE
AB Temperature trends in the middle and upper stratosphere are evaluated using measurements from the Stratospheric Sounding Unit (SSU), combined with data from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and Sounding of the Atmosphere Using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instruments. Data from MLS and SABER are vertically integrated to approximate the SSU weighting functions and combined with SSU to provide a data record spanning 1979-2015. Vertical integrals are calculated using empirically derived Gaussian weighting functions, which provide improved agreement with high-latitude SSU measurements compared to previously derived weighting functions. These merged SSU data are used to evaluate decadal-scale trends, solar cycle variations, and volcanic effects from the lower to the upper stratosphere. Episodic warming is observed following the volcanic eruptions of El Chichon (1982) and Mt. Pinatubo (1991), focused in the tropics in the lower stratosphere and in high latitudes in the middle and upper stratosphere. Solar cycle variations are centered in the tropics, increasing in amplitude from the lower to the upper stratosphere. Linear trends over 1979-2015 show that cooling increases with altitude from the lower stratosphere (from similar to-0.1 to -0.2 K decade (1)) to the middle and upper stratosphere (from; similar to-0.5 to -0.6 K decade (1)). Cooling in the middle and upper stratosphere is relatively uniform in latitudes north of about 30 degrees S, but trends decrease to near zero over the Antarctic. Mid-and upper-stratospheric temperatures show larger cooling over the first half of the data record (1979-97) compared to the second half (1998-2015), reflecting differences in upper-stratospheric ozone trends between these periods.
C1 [Randel, William J.; Smith, Anne K.; Wu, Fei] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Zou, Cheng-Zhi] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NESDIS, College Pk, MD USA.
[Qian, Haifeng] Earth Resource Technol Inc, Laurel, MD USA.
RP Randel, WJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
EM randel@ucar.edu
RI Randel, William/K-3267-2016; Zou, Cheng-Zhi/E-3085-2010; Qian,
Haifeng/F-1987-2011
OI Randel, William/0000-0002-5999-7162;
FU NASA Aura Science Program
FX We thank Dian Seidel and Dave Thompson for numerous discussions on
stratospheric temperature trends and satellite datasets and Rolando
Garcia for comments on the manuscript. Mijeong Park helped provide
access to the monthly mean MLS data and produced Fig. 13. Comments from
anonymous reviewers led to substantial improvements in the manuscript.
This work was partially supported under the NASA Aura Science Program.
The views, opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of
the authors and should not be construed as an official National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration or U.S. government position, policy, or
decision.
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 11
U2 19
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 13
BP 4843
EP 4859
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0629.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DO9GB
UT WOS:000378091900009
ER
PT J
AU Nilsson, WB
Turner, JW
AF Nilsson, William B.
Turner, Jeffrey W.
TI The thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh) gene of Vibrio
parahaemolyticus: Sequence variation and implications for detection and
function
SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE V. parahaemolyticus; trh; Sequence variation; Detection; PCR
ID REAL-TIME PCR; UNITED-STATES; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; GENOME SEQUENCE;
MULTIPLEX PCR; STRAINS; TDH; OYSTERS; PATHOGENICITY; AMPLIFICATION
AB Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a leading cause of bacterial food-related illness associated with the consumption of undercooked seafood. Only a small subset of strains is pathogenic. Most clinical strains encode for the thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and/or the TDH-related hemolysin (TRH). In this work, we amplify and sequence the trh gene from over 80 trh + strains of this bacterium and identify thirteen genetically distinct alleles, most of which have not been deposited in GenBank previously. Sequence data was used to design new primers for more reliable detection of trh by endpoint PCR. We also designed a new quantitative PCR assay to target a more conserved gene that is genetically-linked to trh. This gene, ureR, encodes the transcriptional regulator for the urease gene cluster immediately upstream of trh. We propose that this ureR assay can be a useful screening tool as a surrogate for direct detection of trh that circumvents challenges associated with trh sequence variation. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Nilsson, William B.; Turner, Jeffrey W.] NOAA, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Turner, Jeffrey W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Life Sci, Corpus Christi, TX USA.
RP Nilsson, WB (reprint author), NOAA, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM william.nilsson@noaa.gov
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7012
EI 1872-8359
J9 J MICROBIOL METH
JI J. Microbiol. Methods
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 126
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.04.007
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA DP4HR
UT WOS:000378457500001
PM 27094247
ER
PT J
AU Snyder, CR
Gomez, ED
AF Snyder, Chad R.
Gomez, Enrique D.
TI Phase Behavior of Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE calorimetry; crystallization; liquid-crystalline polymer (LCP);
semiconducting polymer; thermodynamics
ID CHAIN; POLY(3-ALKYLTHIOPHENES); CRYSTALLIZATION; THERMODYNAMICS
AB The phase behavior of many conjugated polymers is rich with both crystalline and liquid crystalline phases. Recent computational efforts have identified the isotropic-tonematic transition temperature for polymers such as poly(3hexylthiophene- 2,5-diyl) (P3HT). Herein, model predictions are combined with experimentally determined values of the equilibrium melting temperature as a function of chain length to provide the complete phase behavior for P3HT. Additionally, because a full description of the phase behavior requires proper accounting for the regioregularity of the chain, a thermodynamic relationship is derived to predict this behavior as a function of both chain length and regioregularity and the impact of regioregularity on the expected phase diagram is discussed. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Snyder, Chad R.] NIST, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gomez, Enrique D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Gomez, Enrique D.] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Snyder, CR (reprint author), NIST, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM chad.snyder@nist.gov
RI Snyder, Chad/B-4957-2008
OI Snyder, Chad/0000-0002-2916-9809
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1056199]
FX E. D. Gomez acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation
under grant no. DMR-1056199.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-6266
EI 1099-0488
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 13
BP 1202
EP 1206
DI 10.1002/polb.24027
PG 5
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DP3RA
UT WOS:000378411400002
ER
PT J
AU Shetty, M
Sahin, D
AF Shetty, Martin
Sahin, Dagistan
TI Data acquisition and analysis software for gamma coincidence
spectrometry
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Modern Trends in Activation Analysis
(MTAA) / 11th International Conference on Nuclear Analytical Methods in
the Life Science (NAMLS)
CY AUG 23, 2015
CL Delft Univ Technol, Delft, NETHERLANDS
SP Reactor Inst Delft, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Hyundai Engn & Construct Consortium, Korean Atom Energy Res Inst, Hyundai Engn Co Ltd, Dr Westmeier GmbH, Wageningen Evaluating Programmes Analyt Labs, BRIGHTSPEC, CANBERRA, SCIONIX CAEN, Kayzero Windows, Adelphi Technology Inc
HO Delft Univ Technol
DE Gamma-gamma coincidence; Digital data acquisition; High throughput data
acquisition; Multi-threaded architecture; Loss-free counting
ID ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS; RAY ANALYSIS; SAMPLES
AB Coincidence counting in neutron activation analysis has well-known advantages, most importantly improvement of detection limits. One obstacle to the wider use of this technique is the complexity of the data acquisition and reduction systems that it requires. The usual approaches to multi-detector data acquisition incur significant dead-time, involve redundant work in repeatedly developing limited tools and risk potential errors in low-level code. The paper describes progress made in developing a software framework to address these shortcomings.
C1 [Shetty, Martin] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8395, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sahin, Dagistan] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8395, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Shetty, M (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8395, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM martin.shetty@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
EI 1588-2780
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 309
IS 1
BP 243
EP 247
DI 10.1007/s10967-016-4762-0
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA DP3QS
UT WOS:000378410600034
PM 27325905
ER
PT J
AU Orf, L
Wilhelmson, R
Wicker, L
AF Orf, Leigh
Wilhelmson, Robert
Wicker, Louis
TI Visualization of a simulated long-track EF5 tornado embedded within a
supercell thunderstorm
SO PARALLEL COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Visualization; Simulation; Volume rendering; Supercell thunderstorm;
Tornado
AB Tornadoes are one of nature's most destructive forces, creating winds that can exceed 300 miles per hour. The strongest tornadoes are produced by supercells, long-lived thunderstorms characterized by a persistent rotating updraft. The sheer destructive power of the strongest class of tornado (EF5) makes these tornadoes the subject of active research. However, very little is currently known about why some supercells produce long-track (a long damage path) EF5 tornadoes, while other storms in similar environments produce short-lived, weak tornadoes, or produce no tornado at all.
Recently, a breakthrough simulation was conducted on the Blue Waters supercomputer in which a simulated supercell produces an EF5 tornado that is on the ground for almost two hours. In this paper we report on the visualizations illuminating the simulation, which elucidate three-dimensional features thought to play an important role in creating and maintaining the tornado. Several obstacles needed to be overcome in order to produce the visualization of this simulation, including managing nearly 100 TB of model output, interfacing the model output format to high-quality visualization tools, and choosing effective visualization parameters. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Orf, Leigh] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA.
[Wilhelmson, Robert] Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL USA.
[Wicker, Louis] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Orf, L (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA.
EM leigh.orf@ssec.wisc.edu
RI Orf, Leigh/D-2195-2016
OI Orf, Leigh/0000-0002-2677-6427
FU National Science Foundation [OCI-0725070, ACI-1238993]; state of
Illinois
FX The authors would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers whose
suggestions helped improve the manuscript. This research is part of the
Blue Waters sustained-petascale computing project, which is supported by
the National Science Foundation (awards OCI-0725070 and ACI-1238993) and
the state of Illinois. Blue Waters is a joint effort of the University
of Illinois at Urbana Champaign and its National Center for
Supercomputing Applications.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8191
EI 1872-7336
J9 PARALLEL COMPUT
JI Parallel Comput.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 55
SI SI
BP 28
EP 34
DI 10.1016/j.parco.2015.10.014
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA DP4KG
UT WOS:000378464200005
ER
PT J
AU Carls, MG
Holland, L
Pihl, E
Zaleski, MA
Moran, J
Rice, SD
AF Carls, Mark G.
Holland, Larry
Pihl, Erik
Zaleski, Marilyn A.
Moran, John
Rice, Stanley D.
TI Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Port Valdez Shrimp and Sediment
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RISK ASSESSMENT; SHELL GROWTH; HEALTH-RISK; OIL-SPILL; CRUDE-OIL;
ALASKA; REPRODUCTION; EQUIVALENCY; RESOURCES; CLIMATE
AB Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from oil were present in some shrimp from Port Valdez, site of a ballast water treatment facility at the Alyeska Alaska Marine Terminal (AMT). Low-level petrogenic PAH concentrations were generally restricted to shrimp eggs in the vicinity of the AMT and extended along the southern shore of Port Valdez to Anderson Bay. Eggs had greater lipid content than other tissues and thus were the most vulnerable biological compartment to hydrocarbon accumulation. Petrogenic hydrocarbons were not observed in shrimp muscle and cephalothoraxes; thus, these tissues do not pose a human health risk. Risk for children older than age 2 years and adults consuming eggs also was low except for two unusual samples (of 32), collected about 17 km west of the treatment facility. In general, PAH loads were consistent with local time series data in other species. We infer that the accumulation mechanism was dissolved uptake from water, consistent with passive sampler observations completed more than a decade earlier. Hydrocarbon levels in the majority of samples were below toxic thresholds. Total PAH accumulation was substantially greater in some pink shrimp than in other species, thus differences in habitat utilization (muddy vs. rocky substrate) are potentially important.
C1 [Carls, Mark G.; Holland, Larry; Pihl, Erik; Zaleski, Marilyn A.; Moran, John; Rice, Stanley D.] NOAA, NMFS, Auke Bay Labs, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Carls, MG (reprint author), NOAA, NMFS, Auke Bay Labs, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM mark.carls@noaa.gov
FU Prince William Sound Regional Citizen's Advisory Committee
FX The authors thank the Prince William Sound Regional Citizen's Advisory
Committee for sponsoring this research and Captain Dave Janka for
assisting with sample collection.
NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
EI 1432-0703
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 71
IS 1
BP 48
EP 59
DI 10.1007/s00244-016-0279-3
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DO7ZD
UT WOS:000378000900006
PM 27033098
ER
PT J
AU Lin, J
Li, C
Boswell, KM
Kimball, M
Rozas, L
AF Lin, Jun
Li, Chunyan
Boswell, Kevin M.
Kimball, Matthew
Rozas, Lawrence
TI Examination of Winter Circulation in a Northern Gulf of Mexico Estuary
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Winter circulation; Saltwater intrusion; Northern Gulf of Mexico
estuary; Numerical model
ID RESIDUAL CIRCULATION; SALTWATER INTRUSION; CHANGJIANG ESTUARY; WIND;
LAKE; EXCHANGE; MODEL; OFFSHORE; RUNOFF; SEICHE
AB Numerical model experiments were conducted to examine how estuarine circulation and salinity distribution in the Calcasieu Lake Estuary (CLE) of southwest Louisiana respond to the passage of cold fronts. River runoff, local wind stress, and tides from December 20, 2011, to February 1, 2012, were included as input. The experiments showed an anticyclonic circulation in the eastern CLE, a cyclonic circulation in West Cove, and a saltwater conduit in the navigation channel between these circulation cells. Freshwater from the river and wetlands tends to flow over the shallow shoals toward the ocean, presenting a case of the conventional estuarine circulation with shallow water influenced by river discharge and with weak tidally-induced motion, enhanced by wind. The baroclinic pressure gradient is important for the circulation and saltwater intrusion. The effect of remote wind-driven oscillation plays an important role in circulation and salinity distribution in winter. Unless it is from the east, wind is found to inhibit saltwater intrusion through the narrow navigation channel, indicating the effect of Ekman setup during easterly wind. A series of north-south oriented barrier islands in the lake uniquely influenced water level and salinity distribution between the shallow lake and deep navigation channel. The depth of the navigation channel is also crucial in influencing saltwater intrusion: the deeper the channel, the more saltwater intrusion and the more intense estuarine circulation. Recurring winter storms have a significant accumulated effect on the transport of water and sediment, saltwater intrusion, and associated environmental and ecosystem effects.
C1 [Lin, Jun] Shanghai Ocean Univ, Coll Marine Sci, Int Ctr Marine Studies, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
[Lin, Jun; Li, Chunyan] Louisiana State Univ, Inst Coastal Studies, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, 331 Howe Russell, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Boswell, Kevin M.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Marine Sci Program, North Miami, FL USA.
[Kimball, Matthew] Univ S Carolina, Baruch Marine Field Lab, Georgetown, SC USA.
[Rozas, Lawrence] NOAA Natl Marine Fisheries, Estuarine Habitats & Coastal Fisheries Ctr, Lafayette, LA USA.
[Li, Chunyan] Zhejiang Ocean Univ, Zhoushan, Peoples R China.
RP Li, C (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Inst Coastal Studies, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, 331 Howe Russell, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.; Li, C (reprint author), Zhejiang Ocean Univ, Zhoushan, Peoples R China.
EM lcx.lsu@gmail.com
FU Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries; Zhejiang Ocean
University; Shanghai Ocean University's Program for International
Cooperation [A-2302-10-0003]; Program of Science and Technology
Commission of Shanghai Municipality [09320503700]
FX We would like to thank J. Zhu for providing the code for the numerical
model used in this study. This project was funded by the Louisiana
Department of Wildlife and Fisheries and was completed while the first
author was working as a postdoc at LSU under C. Li. The work is also
partially supported by the Zhejiang Ocean University, Shanghai Ocean
University's Program for International Cooperation (A-2302-10-0003), and
the Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai
Municipality (09320503700). We appreciate the fieldwork done by Lainey
Broussard and the assistance of Fan Zhang. We would also like to thank
the reviewers for the suggestions and comments that resulted in a
significantly improved manuscript. The findings and conclusions of this
study are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the NOAA Fisheries Service.
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
EI 1559-2731
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 4
BP 879
EP 899
DI 10.1007/s12237-015-0048-y
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DO5BM
UT WOS:000377798600001
ER
PT J
AU Zengel, S
Pennings, SC
Silliman, B
Montague, C
Weaver, J
Deis, DR
Krasnec, MO
Rutherford, N
Nixon, Z
AF Zengel, Scott
Pennings, Steven C.
Silliman, Brian
Montague, Clay
Weaver, Jennifer
Deis, Donald R.
Krasnec, Michelle O.
Rutherford, Nicolle
Nixon, Zachary
TI Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Impacts on Salt Marsh Fiddler Crabs (Uca
spp.)
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Deepwater Horizon; Oil spill; Salt marsh; Fiddler crabs; Uca
longisignalis; Uca spinicarpa
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; COASTAL WETLANDS; PUGNAX;
RECOVERY; LONGISIGNALIS; POPULATIONS; SPINICARPA; MEIOFAUNA; ECOSYSTEM
AB The Deepwater Horizon oil spill was the largest marine oil spill in US waters to date and one of the largest worldwide. Impacts of this spill on salt marsh vegetation have been well documented, although impacts on marsh macroinvertebrates have received less attention. To examine impacts of the oil spill on an important marsh invertebrate and ecosystem engineer, we conducted a meta-analysis on fiddler crabs (Uca spp.) using published sources and newly available Natural Resources Damage Assessment (NRDA) and Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI) data. Fiddler crabs influence marsh ecosystem structure and function through their burrowing and feeding activities and are key prey for a number of marsh and estuarine predators. We tested the hypothesis that the spill affected fiddler crab burrow density (crab abundance), burrow diameter (crab size), and crab species composition. Averaged across multiple studies, sites, and years, our synthesis revealed a negative effect of oiling on all three metrics. Burrow densities were reduced by 39 % in oiled sites, with impacts and incomplete recovery observed over 2010-2014. Burrow diameters were reduced from 2010 to 2011, but appeared to have recovered by 2012. Fiddler crab species composition was altered through at least 2013 and only returned to reference conditions where marsh vegetation recovered, via restoration planting in one case. Given the spatial and temporal extent of data analyzed, this synthesis provides compelling evidence that the Deepwater Horizon spill suppressed populations of fiddler crabs in oiled marshes, likely affecting other ecosystem attributes, including marsh productivity, marsh soil characteristics, and associated predators.
C1 [Zengel, Scott] RPI, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA.
[Pennings, Steven C.] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Silliman, Brian] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Montague, Clay] Univ Florida, Dept Environm Engn Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Weaver, Jennifer; Nixon, Zachary] RPI, Columbia, SC 29201 USA.
[Deis, Donald R.] Atkins, Jacksonville, FL 32256 USA.
[Krasnec, Michelle O.] Abt Associates Inc, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Rutherford, Nicolle] NOAA, Emergency Response Div, Off Response & Restorat, Natl Ocean Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Zengel, S (reprint author), RPI, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA.
EM szengel@researchplanning.com
FU NOAA; State of Louisiana; National Science Foundation; Gulf of Mexico
Research Initiative
FX This paper relies on data collected as part of investigations being
conducted cooperatively among NOAA, other Federal and State natural
resource agencies, and BP as part of the Deepwater Horizon NRDA. The
interpretations and conclusions presented in the paper are those of the
authors and not necessarily of all participants in the cooperative
studies upon which the paper is based. We thank NOAA, the State of
Louisiana, the National Science Foundation, and the Gulf of Mexico
Research Initiative for funding support. Data used in this paper are
publically available at https://dwhdiver.orr.noaa.gov/. GoMRI data are
publicly available through the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative
Information and Data Cooperative (GRIIDC) at
https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org/ (doi:10.7266/N7FF3Q9S).
NR 52
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U1 19
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
EI 1559-2731
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 4
BP 1154
EP 1163
DI 10.1007/s12237-016-0072-6
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DO5BM
UT WOS:000377798600020
ER
PT J
AU Brodeur, RD
Morgan, CA
AF Brodeur, R. D.
Morgan, C. A.
TI Influence of a Coastal Riverine Plume on the Cross-shelf Variability in
Hydrography, Zooplankton, and Juvenile Salmon Diets
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Oceanography; Zooplankton; Habitat; Riverine plume; Feeding habits;
Juvenile salmon
ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CURRENT; EARLY MARINE RESIDENCE; SPRING CHINOOK
SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION;
PACIFIC SALMON; ICHTHYOPLANKTON COMMUNITY; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; FEEDING
CHRONOLOGY
AB Riverine plumes in nearshore coastal waters are areas of enhanced production and accumulation of prey and may increase availability of food during a critical period of juvenile salmon survival and hence serve as a nursery area for these juveniles. Physical and biological sampling was conducted along a cross-shelf transect through the Columbia River plume during May 1999. Based on cluster analyses of physical variables, stations considered to be within the core of the plume, at 27.8-46.3 km from shore, were distinct from inshore (7.4-18.5 km) and offshore (55.6-92.7 km) stations. Five variables (temperature at 10 m, salinity at 3 and 10 m, silicate, and chlorophyll) accounted for 92 % of this difference. Both surface neuston and subsurface plankton tows revealed differences in plankton composition at the plume core stations compared to non-plume stations. However, stomach contents of juvenile Chinook salmon were not significantly different inside and outside the plume core. Comparison of similarity indices showed that the stomach composition was more similar to the catch composition in the neuston than the meter net. Fishes, decapod larvae, and hyperiid amphipods occurred in greater proportions and copepods and euphausiids in lesser proportions in the stomachs than in the plankton. There appeared to be a distinctive plume signal, evident in both the physical environment and zooplankton resources sampled inside and outside the plume core, but the plume signature was not as evident in the salmon diets, possibly due to their higher mobility and shorter residence time within the plume.
C1 [Brodeur, R. D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Morgan, C. A.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Brodeur, RD (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM Rick.Brodeur@noaa.gov
FU Bonneville Power Administration [1998-014-00]; Northwest Fisheries
Science Center, NOAA
FX We thank Paul Bentley, Cindy Bucher, Joe Fisher, Julie Keister, Bill
Peterson, and the captain and crew of the F/V Sea Eagle, who assisted in
collecting the environmental data and in making the plankton and fish
collections. We thank Jay Peterson, Curtis Roegner, Antonio Baptista, Ed
Casillas, David Kimmel, and two anonymous reviewers for providing
valuable comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. This study was
funded by the Bonneville Power Administration (Project 1998-014-00) and
the Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA.
NR 74
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U1 9
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
EI 1559-2731
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 4
BP 1183
EP 1198
DI 10.1007/s12237-015-0050-4
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DO5BM
UT WOS:000377798600022
ER
PT J
AU Limburg, KE
Turner, SM
AF Limburg, Karin E.
Turner, Sara M.
TI How Common is "Non-textbook" Migration in Hudson River Blueback Herring?
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cryptic subadult fish migration; Otolith chemistry; Blueback Herring;
Hudson River
ID SHAD ALOSA-SAPIDISSIMA; JUVENILE AMERICAN SHAD; OTOLITH MICROCHEMISTRY;
DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; WHITE PERCH; FISH; ESTUARY; PATTERNS; SCALE;
CHEMISTRY
AB Anadromous fishes are commonly thought to use inland waters for spawning and for rearing in the first growing season. Thereafter, they emigrate seaward to feed, grow, and mature. However, yearling (age 1+) alosine herrings have been observed in the Hudson River estuary during the spawning season. We quantified the frequency of this behavior for Blueback Herring (Alosa aestivalis) in two contrasting time periods: the 1980s-1990s, a period of relatively high abundance, and 2012-2013, a period of low abundance. Using otolith chemistry, we (1) assayed whether yearlings captured during the spawning run had egressed to sea and then returned to fresh water, and (2) examined adult spawners and retrospectively estimated the frequency of yearling returns to fresh water in these recruited fish. At least 36 % and up to 90 % of yearlings showed evidence of overwintering at sea or very far down the estuary prior to returning to fresh water with the spawning adults. Of the adults, 67-75 % showed evidence of returns up to fresh water as yearlings, despite large changes in population size and demographic characteristics. We conclude that this cryptic, "non-textbook" migratory behavior is common, and suggest that the importance of estuarine and freshwater nurseries may extend beyond the young-of-year period.
C1 [Limburg, Karin E.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Turner, Sara M.] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Turner, Sara M.] Massachusetts Div Marine Fisheries, 1213 Purchase St, New Bedford, MA 02740 USA.
RP Limburg, KE (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
EM klimburg@esf.edu
FU Hudson River Foundation; New York State Department of Environmental
Conservation
FX We thank R. Schmidt, T. Lake, E. Nack, K. Hattala, A. Kahnle, R. Adams,
and W. Eakin for help collecting fish samples, and D. Driscoll and J.
Blaustajn for assistance with ICP instrumentation. L. Rozas, D. Secor,
J. Waldman, and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful feedback on
earlier drafts. Funding for the work came from the Hudson River
Foundation and the New York State Department of Environmental
Conservation.
NR 50
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Z9 1
U1 6
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
EI 1559-2731
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 4
BP 1262
EP 1270
DI 10.1007/s12237-016-0068-2
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DO5BM
UT WOS:000377798600028
ER
PT J
AU Rebischung, P
Altamimi, Z
Ray, J
Garayt, B
AF Rebischung, Paul
Altamimi, Zuheir
Ray, Jim
Garayt, Bruno
TI The IGS contribution to ITRF2014
SO JOURNAL OF GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE IGS; GNSS; Reprocessing; ITRF; Terrestrial reference frame; Combination
ID SMOOTHING OBSERVATIONAL DATA; GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; TIME-SERIES;
SATELLITE; OFFSETS; ERRORS
AB Following the first reprocessing campaign performed by the International GNSS Service (IGS) in 2008, a second reprocessing campaign (repro2) was finalized in 2015. Nine different Analysis Centers (ACs) reanalyzed the history of GNSS data collected by a global tracking network back to 1994 using the latest available models and methodology, and provided daily terrestrial frame solutions among other products. Daily combinations of the AC terrestrial frame solutions provided the IGS input to the next release of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF2014). From weighted root mean squares values of the residuals of the daily repro2 combinations, the overall inter-AC level of agreement is assessed to be 1.5 mm for the horizontal components and 4 mm for the vertical component of station positions, 25-40 as for pole coordinates, 140-200 as/day for pole rates, 8-20 s/day for calibrated length-of-day estimates, 4 mm for the X and Y components of geocenter motion, 8 mm for its Z component and 0.5 mm for the terrestrial scale. On the long term, the origins (resp. scales) of the AC terrestrial frames show relative offsets and rates within 3 mm and 0.3 mm/year (resp. 0.5 mm and 0.05 mm/year). The combination residuals also present AC-specific features, some of which are explained by known analysis specifics, while others remain under investigation.
C1 [Rebischung, Paul; Altamimi, Zuheir] Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, IGN LAREG, 5 Rue Thomas Mann, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
[Ray, Jim] NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Garayt, Bruno] IGN SGN, 73 Ave Paris, F-94165 St Mande, France.
RP Rebischung, P (reprint author), Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, IGN LAREG, 5 Rue Thomas Mann, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
EM paul.rebischung@ign.fr
NR 40
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U1 1
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-7714
EI 1432-1394
J9 J GEODESY
JI J. Geodesy
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 90
IS 7
BP 611
EP 630
DI 10.1007/s00190-016-0897-6
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Remote Sensing
GA DO7XT
UT WOS:000377997100002
ER
PT J
AU Lima, MO
Cirano, M
Mata, MM
Goes, M
Goni, G
Baringer, M
AF Lima, Mateus O.
Cirano, Mauro
Mata, Mauricio M.
Goes, Marlos
Goni, Gustavo
Baringer, Molly
TI An assessment of the Brazil Current baroclinic structure and variability
near 22A degrees S in Distinct Ocean Forecasting and Analysis Systems
SO OCEAN DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Western Boundary Current; Brazil Current; Ocean Forecast and Analysis
Systems; AX97 reference transect; XBT
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; COMPLEMENT OBSERVED TEMPERATURE;
SOUTH-ATLANTIC-OCEAN; ESTIMATING SALINITY; VERTICAL STRUCTURE; DATA
ASSIMILATION; WATER MASSES; SAO-TOME; 20-DEGREES-S; MODEL
AB The Brazil Current (BC) is the Western Boundary Current of the South Atlantic subtropical gyre, the dominant dynamic feature in the South Atlantic Ocean. The importance of this current lies in that it is the main conduit of subtropical waters to higher latitudes in the South Atlantic Ocean. This study assesses the structure and variability of the BC across the nominal latitude of 22A degrees S using data from the high-density eXpendable BathyThermograph (XBT) AX97 transect and from three numerical ocean models with data assimilation. This XBT transect was implemented in 2004 and represents one of the longer-term monitoring systems of the BC in existence. The goal of this work is to enhance the understanding of the temporal and spatial variability of the ocean dynamics in the southwestern South Atlantic Ocean by using a suite of hydrographic observations and numerical model outputs. In the present work, 37 XBT transect realizations using data collected between 2004 and 2012 are used. Daily outputs covering the same time period are evaluated from Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model with the Navy Coupled Ocean Data Assimilation (HYCOM-NCODA) with a 1/12A degrees horizontal resolution, and GLORYS2V3 and FOAM, both with a 1/4A degrees horizontal resolution. These Ocean Forecasting and Analysis Systems (OFAS) are able to capture the mean observed features in the 22A degrees S region, showing a BC core confined to the west of 39A degrees W and an Intermediate Western Boundary Current between the depths of 200 and 800 m. However, the OFAS tend to overestimate the mean BC baroclinic volume transport across the AX97 reference transect and underestimate its variability. The OFAS show that the coastal region between the coastline and the western edge of the AX97 transect plays an important role in the mean BC total transport, contributing to up to 23 % of its value, and further that this transport is not sampled by the XBT observations with its current sampling strategy. In order to understand the variability of the BC, a statistical classification of the BC is proposed, with the identification of three different events: weak, intermediate, and strong.
C1 [Lima, Mateus O.; Cirano, Mauro] Fed Univ Bahia UFBA, Grad Program Geophys, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
[Lima, Mateus O.; Cirano, Mauro] Oceanog Modeling & Observat Network REMO, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Cirano, Mauro] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Geosci, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Mata, Mauricio M.] Fundacao Univ Fed Rio Grande, Inst Oceanog, Rio Grande, Brazil.
[Goes, Marlos; Goni, Gustavo; Baringer, Molly] NOAA, Phys Oceanog Div, AOML, Miami, FL USA.
[Goes, Marlos] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
RP Lima, MO (reprint author), Fed Univ Bahia UFBA, Grad Program Geophys, Salvador, BA, Brazil.; Lima, MO (reprint author), Oceanog Modeling & Observat Network REMO, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
EM matdolima@gmail.com
RI Mata, Mauricio/H-4605-2011; Goes, Marlos/B-4273-2011; Goni,
Gustavo/D-2017-2012; Baringer, Molly/D-2277-2012
OI Mata, Mauricio/0000-0002-9028-8284; Goes, Marlos/0000-0001-5874-8079;
Goni, Gustavo/0000-0001-7093-3170; Baringer, Molly/0000-0002-8503-5194
FU NOAA Office of Climate Observations; Brazilian Research Council-CNPq;
PETROBRAS; CNPq; NSF; NOAA's Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory; Climate Observations Division of the NOAA Climate Program
Office; National Ocean Partnership Program; Mercator Ocean systems
FX The authors would like to thank the logistical support provided by the
Brazilian Navy Hydrographic Office (DHN) and the Brazilian GOOS Program.
XBT probes were provided by NOAA/AOML, funded by the NOAA Office of
Climate Observations. Mateus O. Lima, Mauro Cirano and Mauricio M. Mata
were supported by Brazilian scholarships from the Brazilian Research
Council-CNPq. This research was supported by PETROBRAS and approved by
the Brazilian oil regulatory agency ANP (Agencia Nacional de Petroleo,
Gas Natural e Biocombustiveis), within the special participation
research project Oceanographic Modeling and Observation Network (REMO).
This work was also partially funded by CNPq and NSF. Partial support for
Marlos Goes, Gustavo Goni, and Molly Baringer was provided by NOAA's
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory and the Climate
Observations Division of the NOAA Climate Program Office. The work
presented using HYCOM/NCODA, GLORYS2V3, and FOAM has been carried out as
part of the GODAE OceanView framework. HYCOM development has been
supported over the course of several years by the Office of Naval
Research, by the US Department of Energy, and by a grant from the
National Ocean Partnership Program. GLORYS2V3 is supported by Mercator
Ocean systems. FOAM is provided by the UK Met Office Ocean Forecasting
R&D group. The altimeter products were produced by Ssalto/Duacs and
distributed by Aviso, with support from Cnes
(http://www.aviso.altimetry.fr/duacs/). We also thank the three
anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments.
NR 46
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U1 2
U2 3
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1616-7341
EI 1616-7228
J9 OCEAN DYNAM
JI Ocean Dyn.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 66
IS 6-7
BP 893
EP 916
DI 10.1007/s10236-016-0959-6
PG 24
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DO7ZU
UT WOS:000378002600009
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, C
Parson, W
Amigo, J
King, JL
Coble, MD
Steffen, CR
Vallone, PM
Gettings, KB
Butler, JM
Budowle, B
AF Phillips, C.
Parson, W.
Amigo, J.
King, J. L.
Coble, M. D.
Steffen, C. R.
Vallone, P. M.
Gettings, K. B.
Butler, J. M.
Budowle, B.
TI D5S2500 is an ambiguously characterized STR: Identification and
description of forensic microsatellites in the genomics age
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE D5S2500; Short tandem repeats; STRs; miniSTRs; Qiagen HDplex; AGCU
21plex; Non CODIS STRs
ID NON-CODIS STRS; POPULATION-SAMPLE; NORTHEASTERN POLAND; ALLELE
FREQUENCIES; LOCI; VALIDATION; ASSAY; RECOMBINATION; POLYMORPHISM;
VARIABILITY
AB In the process of establishing short tandem repeat (STR) sequence variant nomenclature guidelines in anticipation of expanded forensic multiplexes for massively parallel sequencing (MPS), it was discovered that the STR D5S2500 has multiple positions and genomic characteristics reported. This ambiguity is because the marker named D5S2500 consists of two different microsatellites forming separate components in the capillary electrophoresis multiplexes of Qiagen's HDplex (Hilden, Germany) and AGCU ScienTech's non-CODIS STR 21plex (Wuxi, Jiangsu, China). This study outlines the genomic details used to identify each microsatellite and reveals the D5S2500 marker in HDplex has the correctly assigned STR name, while the D5S2500 marker in the AGCU 21plex, closely positioned a further 1643 nucleotides in the human reference sequence, is an unnamed microsatellite. The fact that the D5S2500 marker has existed as two distinct STR loci undetected for almost ten years, even with reported discordant genotypes for the standard control DNA, underlines the need for careful scrutiny of the genomic properties of forensic STRs, as they become adapted for sequence analysis with MPS systems. We make the recommendation that precise chromosome location data must be reported for any forensic marker under development but not in common use, so that the genomic characteristics of the locus are validated to the same level of accuracy as its allelic variation and forensic performance. To clearly differentiate each microsatellite, we propose the name D5S2800 be used to identify the Chromosome-5 STR in the AGCU 21plex. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Phillips, C.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Inst Forens Sci, Forens Genet Unit, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.
[Parson, W.] Med Univ Innsbruck, Inst Legal Med, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Parson, W.] Penn State Univ, Forens Sci Program, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Amigo, J.] Galician Publ Fdn Genom Med FPGMX, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.
[King, J. L.; Budowle, B.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Inst Appl Genet, 3500Camp Bowie Blvd, Ft Worth, TX 76107 USA.
[Steffen, C. R.; Vallone, P. M.; Gettings, K. B.; Butler, J. M.] US Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Genet Grp, Biomol Measurement Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Budowle, B.] King Abdulaziz Univ, CEGMR, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia.
RP Phillips, C (reprint author), Univ Santiago de Compostela, Inst Forens Sci, Forens Genet Unit, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.
EM c.phillips@mac.com
NR 23
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PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1872-4973
EI 1878-0326
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT-GEN
JI Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 23
BP 19
EP 24
DI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.03.002
PG 6
WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Legal
SC Genetics & Heredity; Legal Medicine
GA DN9QU
UT WOS:000377415900010
PM 26974236
ER
PT J
AU Buckleton, J
Curran, J
Goudet, J
Taylor, D
Thiery, A
Weir, BS
AF Buckleton, John
Curran, James
Goudet, Jerome
Taylor, Duncan
Thiery, Alexandre
Weir, B. S.
TI Population-specific F-ST values for forensic STR markers: A worldwide
survey
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Forensic DNA; STR marker; Theta; Coancestry
ID STATISTICS
AB The interpretation of matching between DNA profiles of a person of interest and an item of evidence is undertaken using population genetic models to predict the probability of matching by chance. Calculation of matching probabilities is straightforward if allelic probabilities are known, or can be estimated, in the relevant population. It is more often the case, however, that the relevant population has not been sampled and allele frequencies are available only from a broader collection of populations as might be represented in a national or regional database. Variation of allele probabilities among the relevant populations is quantified by the population structure quantity F-ST and this quantity affects matching proportions. Matching within a population can be interpreted only with respect to matching between populations and we show here that F-ST, can be estimated from sample allelic matching proportions within and between populations. We report such estimates from data we extracted from 250 papers in the forensic literature, representing STR profiles at up to 24 loci from nearly 500,000 people in 446 different populations. The results suggest that theta values in current forensic use do not have the buffer of conservatism often thought. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Buckleton, John] Environm & Sci Res Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand.
[Buckleton, John] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Curran, James] Univ Auckland, Dept Stat, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
[Goudet, Jerome] UNIL Sorge, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Taylor, Duncan] Forens Sci South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
[Taylor, Duncan] Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
[Thiery, Alexandre] SIB, Bioinformat Core Facil, Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Weir, B. S.] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Weir, BS (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
OI Taylor, Duncan/0000-0003-0633-7424
FU US National Institute of Justice [2011-DN-BX-K541, 2014-DN-BX-K028]; US
National Institutes of Health [GM 099568]; Swiss National Science
Foundation [IZK0Z3_157867]
FX This work was supported in part by grants 2011-DN-BX-K541 and
2014-DN-BX-K028 from the US National Institute of Justice, grant GM
099568 from the US National Institutes of Health and grant IZK0Z3_157867
from the Swiss National Science Foundation. Points of view in this
document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
official position or policies of the U.S. Departments of Justice or
Commerce or of the Swiss National Science Foundation.
NR 17
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U1 2
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PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1872-4973
EI 1878-0326
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT-GEN
JI Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 23
BP 91
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.03.004
PG 10
WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Legal
SC Genetics & Heredity; Legal Medicine
GA DN9QU
UT WOS:000377415900019
PM 27082756
ER
PT J
AU Ewing, MM
Thompson, JM
McLaren, RS
Purpero, VM
Thomas, KJ
Dobrowski, PA
DeGroot, GA
Romsos, EL
Storts, DR
AF Ewing, Margaret M.
Thompson, Jonelle M.
McLaren, Robert S.
Purpero, Vincent M.
Thomas, Kelli J.
Dobrowski, Patricia A.
DeGroot, Gretchen A.
Romsos, Erica L.
Storts, Douglas R.
TI Human DNA quantification and sample quality assessment: Developmental
validation of the PowerQuant (R) system
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Forensic science; DNA analysis; Short tandem repeat (STR); qPCR;
Quantification; Validation; PowerQuant (R); PowerPlex (R)
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FORENSIC SAMPLES; PCR INHIBITORS;
NUCLEAR-DNA; QPCR ASSAY; DEGRADATION; MULTIPLEX; QUANTITATION; CASEWORK;
SINGLE
AB Quantification of the total amount of human DNA isolated from a forensic evidence item is crucial for DNA normalization prior to short tandem repeat (STR) DNA analysis and a federal quality assurance standard requirement. Previous commercial quantification methods determine the total human DNA and total human male DNA concentrations, but provide limited information about the condition of the DNA sample. The PowerQuant (R) System includes targets for quantification of total human and total human male DNA as well as targets for evaluating whether the human DNA is degraded and/or PCR inhibitors are present in the sample. A developmental validation of the PowerQuant (R) System was completed, following SWGDAM Validation Guidelines, to evaluate the assay's specificity, sensitivity, precision and accuracy, as well as the ability to detect degraded DNA or PCR inhibitors. In addition to the total human DNA and total human male DNA concentrations in a sample, data from the degradation target and internal PCR control (IPC) provide a forensic DNA analyst meaningful information about the quality of the isolated human DNA and the presence of PCR inhibitors in the sample that can be used to determine the most effective workflow and assist downstream interpretation. (C) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ewing, Margaret M.; Thompson, Jonelle M.; McLaren, Robert S.; Storts, Douglas R.] Promega Corp, 2800 Woods Hollow Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Purpero, Vincent M.; Thomas, Kelli J.] Wisconsin State Crime Lab Madison, 4626 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
[Dobrowski, Patricia A.; DeGroot, Gretchen A.] Wisconsin State Crime Lab Milwaukee, 1578 S 11th St, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA.
[Romsos, Erica L.] US Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ewing, MM (reprint author), Promega Corp, 2800 Woods Hollow Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM margaret.ewing@promega.com; jonelle.thompson@promega.com;
bob.mclaren@promega.com; purperovm@doj.state.wi.us;
thomaskj@doj.state.wi.us; dobrowskipa@doj.state.wi.us;
degrootga@doj.state.wi.us; erica.romsos@nist.gov;
doug.storts@promega.com
NR 17
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PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1872-4973
EI 1878-0326
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT-GEN
JI Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 23
BP 166
EP 177
DI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.04.007
PG 12
WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Legal
SC Genetics & Heredity; Legal Medicine
GA DN9QU
UT WOS:000377415900027
PM 27206225
ER
PT J
AU Byrd, AD
Ivic, IR
Palmer, RD
Isom, BM
Cheong, BL
Schenkman, AD
Xue, M
AF Byrd, Andrew D.
Ivic, Igor R.
Palmer, Robert D.
Isom, Bradley M.
Cheong, Boon Leng
Schenkman, Alexander D.
Xue, Ming
TI A Weather Radar Simulator for the Evaluation of Polarimetric Phased
Array Performance
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Radar; meteorological radar; polarimetry; radar polarimetry; phased
arrays; simulation; computer simulation
ID PREDICTION SYSTEM ARPS; NONHYDROSTATIC ATMOSPHERIC SIMULATION;
DIFFERENTIAL REFLECTIVITY BIAS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; PART I; MODEL;
ASSIMILATION; SIGNALS; FIELDS
AB A radar simulator capable of generating time series data for a polarimetric phased array weather radar has been designed and implemented. The received signals are composed from a high-resolution numerical prediction weather model. Thousands of scattering centers (SCs), each with an independent randomly generated Doppler spectrum, populate the field of view of the radar. The moments of the SC spectra are derived from the numerical weather model, and the SC positions are updated based on the 3-D wind field. In order to accurately emulate the effects of the system-induced cross-polar contamination, the array is modeled using a complete set of dual-polarization radiation patterns. The simulator offers reconfigurable element patterns and positions and access to independent time series data for each element, resulting in easy implementation of any beamforming method. It also allows for arbitrary waveform designs and is able to model the effects of quantization on waveform performance. Simultaneous, alternating, quasi-simultaneous, and pulse-to-pulse phase-coded modes of polarimetric signal transmission have been implemented. This framework allows for realistic emulation of the effects of cross-polar fields on weather observations, as well as the evaluation of possible techniques for the mitigation of those effects.
C1 [Byrd, Andrew D.; Palmer, Robert D.; Cheong, Boon Leng] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Byrd, Andrew D.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Ivic, Igor R.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Ivic, Igor R.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Palmer, Robert D.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Isom, Bradley M.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Measurement & Data Sci, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Schenkman, Alexander D.; Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteor, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Byrd, AD (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; Byrd, AD (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM adbyrd@ou.edu; igor.ivic@noaa.gov
RI Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011;
OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238; Byrd, Andrew/0000-0002-2735-404X
FU NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory [NA11OAR4320072]
FX This work was supported by the NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory
under Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072.
NR 51
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U1 6
U2 14
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 7
BP 4178
EP 4189
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2016.2538179
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA DO0OO
UT WOS:000377478400035
ER
PT J
AU Lee, IK
Shamsoddini, A
Li, XF
Trinder, JC
Li, ZY
AF Lee, Isabella K.
Shamsoddini, Ali
Li, Xiaofeng
Trinder, John C.
Li, Zeyu
TI Extracting hurricane eye morphology from spaceborne SAR images using
morphological analysis
SO ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Meteorology; Oceanography; SAR; RADARSAT; Feature extraction; Pattern
recognition; Segmentation mathematical morphology
ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; TROPICAL CYCLONES; SPECKLE; INTENSITY; BAND
AB Hurricanes are among the most destructive global natural disasters. Thus recognizing and extracting their morphology is important for understanding their dynamics. Conventional optical sensors, due to cloud cover associated with hurricanes, cannot reveal the intense air-sea interaction occurring at the sea surface. In contrast, the unique capabilities of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data for cloud penetration, and its backscattering signal characteristics enable the extraction of the sea surface roughness. Therefore, SAR images enable the measurement of the size and shape of hurricane eyes, which reveal their evolution and strength. In this study, using six SAR hurricane images, we have developed a mathematical morphology method for automatically extracting the hurricane eyes from C-band SAR data. Skeleton pruning based on discrete skeleton evolution (DSE) was used to ensure global and local preservation of the hurricane eye shape. This distance weighted algorithm applied in a hierarchical structure for extraction of the edges of the hurricane eyes, can effectively avoid segmentation errors by reducing redundant skeletons attributed to speckle noise along the edges of the hurricane eye. As a consequence, the skeleton pruning has been accomplished without deficiencies in the key hurricane eye skeletons. A morphology-based analyses of the subsequent reconstructions of the hurricane eyes shows a high degree of agreement with the hurricane eye areas derived from reference data based on NOAA manual work. (C) 2016 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lee, Isabella K.; Trinder, John C.; Li, Zeyu] Univ New S Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Shamsoddini, Ali] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Tehran, Iran.
[Li, Xiaofeng] Shanghai Ocean Univ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
[Li, Xiaofeng] NCWCP E RA3, GST NOAA NESDIS, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Li, XF (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, NCWCP E RA3, 5830 Univ Res Ct,Off 3216, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Xiaofeng.Li@noaa.gov
RI Li, Xiaofeng/B-6524-2008
OI Li, Xiaofeng/0000-0001-7038-5119
FU NOAA Product Development, Readiness, and Application (PDRA)/Ocean Remote
Sensing (ORS) Program; European Space Agency [19011]
FX Thank to Scott Hensley from NASA/JPL for valuable suggestions and
discussions. Radarsat-1 SAR images were provided by Canadian Space
Agency through the project "Innovative Research and Development of
Applications in Using Radarsat-1 Hurricane SAR Data." The Envisat
Advanced SAR image was provided by the European Space Agency under
Envisat Projects 19011. This research was supported by NOAA Product
Development, Readiness, and Application (PDRA)/Ocean Remote Sensing
(ORS) Program funding. The views, opinions, and findings contained in
this report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an
official NOAA or U.S. Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 49
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U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-2716
EI 1872-8235
J9 ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM
JI ISPRS-J. Photogramm. Remote Sens.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 117
BP 115
EP 125
DI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.03.020
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DN8ER
UT WOS:000377312500010
ER
PT J
AU Shackleford, W
Cheok, G
Hong, T
Saidi, K
Shneier, M
AF Shackleford, William
Cheok, Geraldine
Hong, Tsai
Saidi, Kamel
Shneier, Michael
TI Performance Evaluation of Human Detection Systems for Robot Safety
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & ROBOTIC SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Human detection; Human-robot collaboration; Human tracking; Performance
evaluation; Performance metrics; Robot safety
ID ALGORITHMS
AB Detecting and tracking people is becoming more important in robotic applications because of the increasing demand for collaborative work in which people interact closely with and in the same workspace as robots. New safety standards allow people to work next to robots, but require that they be protected from harm while they do so. Sensors that detect and track people are a natural way of implementing the necessary safety monitoring, and have the added advantage that the information about where the people are and where they are going can be fed back into the application and used to give the robot greater situational awareness for performing tasks. The results should help users determine if such a system will provide sufficient protection for people to be able to work safely in collaborative applications with industrial robots.
C1 [Shackleford, William; Cheok, Geraldine; Hong, Tsai; Saidi, Kamel; Shneier, Michael] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Intelligent Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Shneier, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Intelligent Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM william.shackleford@nist.gov; geraldine.cheok@nist.gov;
tsai.hong@nist.gov; kamel.saidi@nist.gov; michael.shneier@nist.gov
NR 38
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U1 11
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-0296
EI 1573-0409
J9 J INTELL ROBOT SYST
JI J. Intell. Robot. Syst.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 83
IS 1
BP 85
EP 103
DI 10.1007/s10846-016-0334-3
PG 19
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics
SC Computer Science; Robotics
GA DO0DR
UT WOS:000377450100006
ER
PT J
AU Uhrin, AV
AF Uhrin, Amy V.
TI Tropical cyclones, derelict traps, and the future of the Florida Keys
commercial spiny lobster fishery
SO MARINE POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Tropical cyclone; Derelict traps; Scenario; Spiny
lobster fishery; Florida Keys
ID NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY; PIECEWISE REGRESSION; ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH;
PANULIRUS-ARGUS; FISHING GEAR; SUSTAINABILITY; ECOSYSTEMS; SERVICES;
SCENARIO; IMPACTS
AB Derelict commercial spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) traps may move hundreds of meters during high wind events, resulting in tissue abrasion, breakage, and often complete removal of critical habitat elements such as seagrass, sponge, and coral. Ghost traps continue to confine lobsters, often resulting in mortality. The legacy of trap debris in the Florida Keys (USA) combined with possible increased inputs of trap debris resulting from tropical cyclone intensification presents an immediate challenge for this fishery where social, economic, and ecological vulnerabilities to disturbance are intrinsically linked. Here, predictions of percent monthly trap loss in relation to maximum wind speed (km/h) under three scenarios of tropical cyclone intensification were evaluated across four levels of fishing effort (number of traps used). Across all tropical cyclone scenarios, Historical fishing effort (986,000 traps) produced the greatest number of lost traps, followed in decreasing order by Existing (479,000), Target (400,000), and Maximum Economic Yield (MEY; 180,000) efforts. Under a Business-as-Usual scenario of intensification, converting from Existing fishing effort to MEY reduced trap loss by over 62%. The scenarios suggest that were Existing fishing effort to be maintained in the coming decades, tropical cyclone-related trap loss could exceed 11 million over 60 years depending upon the rate of storm intensification. Existing programs for derelict trap removal cannot currently keep pace with accumulation; consequently, the proximal source of trap debris is increasing in the environment. The net increase in derelict traps and debris generated from their degradation will only be exacerbated under potential tropical cyclone intensification. This study underscores the need for using scenarios for future exploration of these issues, particularly incorporation of fisher responses to changes in climatic, economic, and management drivers (i.e., storms, market demand, gear reduction) that may affect trap deployment patterns. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Uhrin, Amy V.] NOAA, Dept Commerce, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci,Ctr Coastal Fisheries, 101 Fivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Uhrin, Amy V.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Ecosyst & Landscape Ecol Lab, 430 Lincoln Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Uhrin, Amy V.] NOAA, Dept Commerce, Natl Ocean Serv, Off Response & Restorat,Marine Debris Div, 1305 East West Highway,SSMC4 Room 10-240, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Uhrin, AV (reprint author), NOAA, Dept Commerce, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci,Ctr Coastal Fisheries, 101 Fivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.; Uhrin, AV (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Ecosyst & Landscape Ecol Lab, 430 Lincoln Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Uhrin, AV (reprint author), NOAA, Dept Commerce, Natl Ocean Serv, Off Response & Restorat,Marine Debris Div, 1305 East West Highway,SSMC4 Room 10-240, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM amy.uhrin@noaa.gov
FU NOAA National Ocean Service; National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science;
Office of Response and Restoration; University of Wisconsin
FX Support provided by the NOAA National Ocean Service, National Centers
for Coastal Ocean Science and the Office of Response and Restoration as
well the University of Wisconsin. I thank T. Matthews and G. Renchen for
providing the trap loss estimates used in the piecewise regression
model. The manuscript was greatly improved by comments from S.
Carpenter, M. Fonseca, T. Matthews, G. Renchen, and M. Turner. The
manuscript also benefited through exchanges with R. Batt, P. Blank, C.
Herren, T. Lark, V. Pfeiffer, J. Zedler and the journal's anonymous
review process. The information in this paper reflects the views of the
author and does not necessarily reflect the official positions or
policies of NOAA or the Department of Commerce.
NR 63
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U1 12
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-597X
EI 1872-9460
J9 MAR POLICY
JI Mar. Pol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 69
BP 84
EP 91
DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2016.04.009
PG 8
WC Environmental Studies; International Relations
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations
GA DN7AX
UT WOS:000377228800009
ER
PT J
AU Christie, I
Reiner, JL
Bowden, JA
Botha, H
Cantu, TM
Govender, D
Guillette, MP
Lowers, RH
Luus-Powell, WJ
Pienaar, D
Smit, WJ
Guillette, LJ
AF Christie, Ian
Reiner, Jessica L.
Bowden, John A.
Botha, Hannes
Cantu, Theresa M.
Govender, Danny
Guillette, Matthew P.
Lowers, Russell H.
Luus-Powell, Wilmien J.
Pienaar, Danie
Smit, Willem J.
Guillette, Louis J., Jr.
TI Perfluorinated alkyl acids in the plasma of South African crocodiles
(Crocodylus niloticus)
SO CHEMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Perfluorinated alkyl acids; Nile crocodiles; South Africa; PFOS; PFNA;
Kruger National Park
ID KRUGER-NATIONAL-PARK; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE PFOS; CLARIAS-GARIEPINUS
BURCHELL; NILE CROCODILE; OLIFANTS RIVER; SHARPTOOTH CATFISH;
UNITED-STATES; SEA-TURTLES; WILDLIFE; PANSTEATITIS
AB Perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) are environmental contaminants that have been used in many products for over 50 years. Interest and concern has grown since 2000 on the widespread presence of PFAAs, when it was discovered that PFAAs were present in wildlife samples around the northern hemisphere. Since then, several studies have reported PFAAs in wildlife from many locations, including the remote regions of Antarctica and the Arctic. Although there are a multitude of studies, few have reported PFAA concentrations in reptiles and wildlife in the Southern Hemisphere. This study investigated the presence of PFAAs in the plasma of Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) from South Africa. Crocodiles were captured from five sites in and around the Kruger National Park, South Africa, and plasma samples examined for PFAAs. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the most frequent PFAA detected; with median values of 13.5 ng/g wet mass in crocodiles. In addition to PFOS, long chain per fluorinated carboxylic acids were also detected. Correlations between total length and PFAA load were investigated, as were differences in PFAA accumulation between sexes. No correlations were seen between crocodile size, nor were there sex-related differences. Spatial differences were examined and significant differences were observed in samples collected from the different sites (p < 0.05). Flag Boshielo Dam had the highest PFOS measurements, with a median concentration of 50.3 ng/g wet mass, when compared to the other sites (median concentrations at other sites below 14.0 ng/g wet mass). This suggests a point source of PFOS in this area. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Christie, Ian] Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, 205 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29401 USA.
[Reiner, Jessica L.; Bowden, John A.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC USA.
[Botha, Hannes] Mpumalanga Tourism & Pk Agcy, Sci Serv, ZA-1200 Nelspruit, South Africa.
[Botha, Hannes; Luus-Powell, Wilmien J.; Smit, Willem J.] Univ Limpopo, Dept Biodivers, ZA-0727 Sovenga, South Africa.
[Cantu, Theresa M.; Guillette, Matthew P.; Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 221 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Govender, Danny] Univ Pretoria, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Paraclin Sci, ZA-0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa.
[Govender, Danny; Pienaar, Danie] South African Natl Pk, Sci Serv, ZA-1350 Skukuza, South Africa.
[Lowers, Russell H.] IHA, Ecol Program, IHA 300, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
[Christie, Ian] Lewis & Clark Coll, 0615 SW Palatine Hill Rd, Portland, OR 97219 USA.
RP Reiner, JL (reprint author), NIST, Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM jessica.reiner@nist.gov
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DBI-1359079]
FX We would like to thank the support staff at Kruger National Park and
Flag Boshielo Dam for assisting and co-operating with the efforts of the
Guillette research group. This project was completed as part of the 2014
Fort Johnson Research Experience for Undergraduates program, operated by
the College of Charleston and run by Bob Podolsky. This work was
supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Award No.
DBI-1359079.
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0045-6535
EI 1879-1298
J9 CHEMOSPHERE
JI Chemosphere
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 154
BP 72
EP 78
DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.072
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DM9NT
UT WOS:000376693700011
PM 27038902
ER
PT J
AU Brown, MG
Godin, OA
Zang, X
Ball, JS
Zabotin, NA
Zabotina, LY
Williams, NJ
AF Brown, M. G.
Godin, O. A.
Zang, X.
Ball, J. S.
Zabotin, N. A.
Zabotina, L. Y.
Williams, N. J.
TI Ocean acoustic remote sensing using ambient noise: results from the
Florida Straits
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Interferometry; Wave propagation
ID GREENS-FUNCTION RETRIEVAL; GEOACOUSTIC INVERSION; CROSS-CORRELATIONS;
DEEP-OCEAN; TIME-REVERSAL; PHASE-CONJUGATION; IMPULSE-RESPONSE; WAVE
TOMOGRAPHY; SHALLOW-WATER; DIFFUSE FIELD
AB Noise interferometry is the process by which approximations to acoustic Green's functions, which describe sound propagation between two locations, are estimated by cross-correlating time series of ambient noise measured at those locations. Noise-interferometry-based approximations to Green's functions can be used as the basis for a variety of inversion algorithms, thereby providing a purely passive alternative to active-source ocean acoustic remote sensing. In this paper we give an overview of results from noise interferometry experiments conducted in the Florida Straits at 100 m depth in December 2012, and at 600 m depth in September/October 2013. Under good conditions for noise interferometry, estimates of cross-correlation functions are shown to allow one to perform advanced phase-coherent signal processing techniques to perform waveform inversions, estimate currents by exploiting non-reciprocity, perform time-reversal/back-propagation calculations and investigate modal dispersion using time-warping techniques. Conditions which are favourable for noise interferometry are identified and discussed.
C1 [Brown, M. G.; Zang, X.; Williams, N. J.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Godin, O. A.; Ball, J. S.; Zabotin, N. A.; Zabotina, L. Y.] Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, 216 UCB,Univ Colorado Campus, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Godin, O. A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Mail Code R PSD,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Brown, MG (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM mbrown@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Godin, Oleg/E-6554-2011; Zabotin, Nikolay/A-9639-2015
OI Godin, Oleg/0000-0003-4599-2149; Zabotin, Nikolay/0000-0003-0715-1082
FU US National Science Foundation [OCE1129860, OCE1129524]; US Office of
Naval Research [N0001415122245]
FX This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation, grants
OCE1129860 and OCE1129524, and the US Office of Naval Research, grant
N0001415122245.
NR 58
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 9
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 206
IS 1
BP 574
EP 589
DI 10.1093/gji/ggw170
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DN6RV
UT WOS:000377204400035
ER
PT J
AU Ma, KY
Craig, MT
Choat, JH
van Herwerden, L
AF Ma, Ka Yan
Craig, Matthew Thomas
Choat, John Howard
van Herwerden, Lynne
TI The historical biogeography of groupers: Clade diversification patterns
and processes
SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Ancestral range reconstruction; Climate change cycles; Geological
history; Historical biogeography; Molecular dating; Reef fishes
ID CORAL-REEF FISHES; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; MOLECULAR
PHYLOGENIES; GEOGRAPHIC RANGE; MIXED MODELS; INDO-PACIFIC; INDIAN-OCEAN;
EVOLUTION; SPECIATION
AB Groupers (family Epinephelidae) are a Glade of species-rich, biologically diverse reef fishes. Given their ecological variability and widespread distribution across ocean basins, it is important to scrutinize their evolutionary history that underlies present day distributions. This study investigated the patterns and processes by which grouper biodiversity has been generated and what factors have influenced their present day distributions. We reconstructed a robust, time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of Epinephelidae with comprehensive (similar to 87%) species sampling, whereby diversification rates were estimated and ancestral ranges were reconstructed. Our results indicate that groupers originated in what is now the East Atlantic during the mid-Eocene and diverged successively to form six strongly supported main clades. These clades differ in age (late Oligocene to mid-Miocene), geographic origin (West Atlantic to West Indo-Pacific) and temporal-spatial diversification pattern, ranging from constant rates of diversification to episodes of rapid radiation. Overall, divergence within certain biogeographic regions was most prevalent in groupers, while vicariant divergences were more common in Tropical Atlantic and East Pacific groupers. Our findings reveal that both biological and geographical factors have driven grouper diversification. They also underscore the importance of scrutinizing group-specific patterns to better understand reef fish evolution. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ma, Ka Yan; Choat, John Howard; van Herwerden, Lynne] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Craig, Matthew Thomas] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[van Herwerden, Lynne] James Cook Univ, Ctr Sustainable Trop Fisheries & Aquaculture, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
RP Ma, KY (reprint author), Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Sch Life Sci, Simon FS Li Marine Sci Lab, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM makayana@gmail.com
FU James Cook University IRA fund
FX This research was supported by the James Cook University IRA fund
awarded to Ka Yan Ma. We are grateful to numerous individuals and
organizations who kindly assisted in specimen collection: L. Allen, E.
Ballesteros, R. Chapman, T. Chan, B. Erisman, G. Fairclough, S.
Fennessy, P. Heemstra, H. Ishimori, P. Lyons, T. Maggio, M. McGrouther,
G. Menezes, M. Nishida, D. Pondella II, M. Rivera, D.R. Robertson, E.
Sala, Wm. L. Smith, P. Wirtz, R. Vetter, Y. Yamanoue, T. Yoshino, F.
Young, N Michailidis, K.-S. Chen, M. Berumen, researchers in the Marine
Research Centre in Maldives, M. Miya (Tokyo Natural History Museum) and
C. Klepadlo and M. Walker, Jr. (SIO). The Australian Museum and
University of Kansas Natural History Museum donated tissue samples. MTC
would like to thank P.A. Hastings for guidance and input in the early
stages of this project. We thank the reviewers for their constructive
comments that helped improve this article.
NR 88
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 11
U2 27
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1055-7903
EI 1095-9513
J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL
JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 100
BP 21
EP 30
DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.02.012
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA DN4RV
UT WOS:000377055800002
PM 26908372
ER
PT J
AU Cavanaugh, D
Huffman, M
Dunn, J
Fox, M
AF Cavanaugh, Dennis
Huffman, Melissa
Dunn, Jennifer
Fox, Mark
TI Connecting the Dots: A Communications Model of the North Texas
Integrated Warning Team during the 15 May 2013 Tornado Outbreak
SO WEATHER CLIMATE AND SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mathematical and statistical techniques; Ranking methods; Forecasting;
Operational forecasting; Applications; Communications; decision making;
Emergency response; Risk assessment; Societal impacts
AB On 15 May 2013, 19 tornadoes occurred across north and central Texas, killing 6, injuring over 50, and causing more than $100 million in property damage. The majority of the impacts to life and property were the direct result of category-3 and category-4 enhanced Fujita scale (EF-3 and EF-4) tornadoes that affected the communities of Cleburne and Granbury, Texas. This study focuses on an examination of the north Texas integrated warning team (IWT) communications through a thorough analysis of interactions between IWT members during this event. Communications from all members of the IWT were collected and organized so that a quantitative analysis of the IWT communications network could be performed. The results of this analysis were used to identify strengths and weaknesses of current IWT communications to improve the consistency of hazardous weather messaging for future high-impact weather events. The results also show how effectively communicating within an IWT leads not only to more consistent messaging but also to broader dissemination of hazardous weather information to the public. The analysis techniques outlined in this study could serve as a model for comprehensive studies of IWTs across the country.
C1 [Cavanaugh, Dennis; Dunn, Jennifer; Fox, Mark] Natl Weather Serv, Forecast Off, Ft Worth, TX USA.
[Huffman, Melissa] Natl Weather Serv, Forecast Off, Houston, TX USA.
RP Cavanaugh, D (reprint author), 3401 Northern Cross Blvd, Ft Worth, TX 76137 USA.
EM dennis.cavanaugh@noaa.gov
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1948-8327
EI 1948-8335
J9 WEATHER CLIM SOC
JI Weather Clim. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 3
BP 233
EP 245
DI 10.1175/WCAS-D-15-0047.1
PG 13
WC Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DN5LV
UT WOS:000377110600001
ER
PT J
AU Manzello, SL
Suzuki, S
AF Manzello, Samuel L.
Suzuki, Sayaka
TI Special Issue on Operation Tomodachi-Fire Research
SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Manzello, Samuel L.] NIST, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Suzuki, Sayaka] NRIFD, Large Fire Lab, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Manzello, SL (reprint author), NIST, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM samuelm@nist.gov
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0015-2684
EI 1572-8099
J9 FIRE TECHNOL
JI Fire Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
SI SI
BP 955
EP 957
DI 10.1007/s10694-016-0587-1
PG 3
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA DM1GJ
UT WOS:000376093100001
ER
PT J
AU Bundy, M
Hamins, A
Gross, J
Grosshandler, W
Choe, L
AF Bundy, Matthew
Hamins, Anthony
Gross, John
Grosshandler, William
Choe, Lisa
TI Structural Fire Experimental Capabilities at the NIST National Fire
Research Laboratory
SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop of Fire-Structure Interaction and Large Outdoor Fires Operation
Tomodachi: Fire Research
CY MAR 16-18, 2015
CL Gaithersburg, MD
DE Structural fire; Fire/structure interaction; Fire resistance; NFRL
AB The NIST National Fire Research Laboratory (NFRL) is a unique facility used to conduct real scale fire measurements. In 2015, the NFRL was expanded to enable research on the response of real-scale structural systems to realistic fire and mechanical loading under controlled laboratory conditions. The scientific objectives of the expanded NFRL are to develop an experimental database on the performance of materials, components, connections, assemblies, and systems under fire load. This data can be used by the international research community to validate and verify physics-based predictive models. The lab features two high bay test areas, a 18 m x 27 m strong floor with 1218 anchor points, a 9 m x 18 m strong wall with 420 anchor points, a hydraulic loading system, four large exhaust hoods instrumented for fire calorimetry, an emission control system for scrubbing acid gases and particles generated by real fuels, controlled gas and liquid fuel burners, water suppression systems, overhead cranes and conditioning space. The laboratory expansion was designed to accommodate experiments on real-scale structural systems and components up to two stories in height and 2 bays x 3 bays in plan. Through application of controlled loads, true service conditions can be simulated, and structures can be exposed to controlled and realistic fire conditions that grow, spread and decay with heat release rates as large as 20 MW. Measurement capabilities have been developed to characterize the response of structural systems and components up to failure and to characterize the fire heat release rate and thermal environment in real time. A detailed description of the laboratory is presented with an emphasis on measurement capabilities.
C1 [Bundy, Matthew] NIST, NFRL, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hamins, Anthony; Gross, John; Grosshandler, William; Choe, Lisa] NIST, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bundy, M (reprint author), NIST, NFRL, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM matthew.bundy@nist.gov
NR 5
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0015-2684
EI 1572-8099
J9 FIRE TECHNOL
JI Fire Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
SI SI
BP 959
EP 966
DI 10.1007/s10694-015-0544-4
PG 8
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA DM1GJ
UT WOS:000376093100002
ER
PT J
AU Suzuki, S
Johnsson, E
Maranghides, A
Manzello, SL
AF Suzuki, Sayaka
Johnsson, Erik
Maranghides, Alexander
Manzello, Samuel L.
TI Ignition of Wood Fencing Assemblies Exposed to Continuous Wind-Driven
Firebrand Showers
SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop of Fire-Structure Interaction and Large Outdoor Fires Operation
Tomodachi: Fire Research
CY MAR 16-18, 2015
CL Gaithersburg, MD
DE WUI fires; Ignition; Firebrands
ID INTERFACE WUI FIRES; STRUCTURE VULNERABILITIES; FLIGHT; MULCH
AB Post-fire studies conducted by NIST on the Waldo Canyon Fire in Colorado (2012) determined that wood fencing assemblies are believed to be vulnerable to ignition from firebrand showers in Wildland-Urban Interface fires, but again there has never been any experimental verification of this ignition mechanism. As a result, a series of experiments were conducted to examine ignition of wood fencing assemblies subjected to continuous, wind-driven firebrand showers. Western Red Cedar and Redwood fencing assemblies were exposed to continuous, wind-driven firebrands generated by the NIST full-scale Continuous Feed Firebrand Generator installed in the Fire Research Wind Tunnel Facility at the Building Research Institute in Japan. To simulate fine fuels that may be present near fencing assemblies, dried shredded hardwood mulch beds were placed adjacent to the fencing assemblies. The fencing assemblies were varied in length and in orientation to the applied wind field to simulate a range of configurations that may be encountered in realistic situations. Both flat and corner sections of fencing assemblies were used in these experiments. The dimensions of the flat wood fencing assemblies sections were varied from 0.91 m wide, 1.83 m in height to 1.83 m wide, 1.83 m in height. With respect to the corner sections, the dimensions used were 0.91 m by 0.91 m by 1.83 m in height. All configurations considered resulted in flaming ignition (FI) of the mulch beds, and subsequent FI of the wood fencing assemblies. Finally, experiments were also completed to determine if wind-driven firebrand showers could produce FI of fencing assemblies without the presence of fine fuels adjacent to the fence sections. Firebrands produced smoldering ignition (SI) of the fencing assemblies without fine fuels present, and SI transitioned to FI under the applied wind field. These experiments have demonstrated that wood fencing assemblies are vulnerable to ignition by wind-driven firebrand showers.
C1 [Suzuki, Sayaka] NRIFD, Chofu, Tokyo 1828508, Japan.
[Johnsson, Erik; Maranghides, Alexander; Manzello, Samuel L.] NIST, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Manzello, SL (reprint author), NIST, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM samuelm@nist.gov
NR 32
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0015-2684
EI 1572-8099
J9 FIRE TECHNOL
JI Fire Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
SI SI
BP 1051
EP 1067
DI 10.1007/s10694-015-0520-z
PG 17
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA DM1GJ
UT WOS:000376093100007
ER
PT J
AU Palmer, MC
Hersey, P
Marotta, H
Shield, GR
Cierpich, SB
AF Palmer, Michael C.
Hersey, Patty
Marotta, Heidi
Shield, Gina Reppucci
Cierpich, Sarah B.
TI The design and performance of an automated observer deployment system
for the Northeastern United States groundfish fishery
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fisheries observer; Coverage rates; Automated deployment system;
Northeastern United States; Groundfish
AB Historically, a dock intercept process was used to deploy observers in the Northeastern United States groundfish fishery. In this process, the selection of which fishing trips received observer coverage was manually accomplished using pre-defined specifications established by the National Marine Fisheries Service's Northeast Fisheries Science Center. In May 2010, the management of the northeast groundfish fishery underwent major changes affecting the magnitude and complexity of observer deployment. These changes included: (a) a shift from input controls to a quota based catch-share system; (b) an approximate four-fold increase in the level of observer coverage; and (c) introduction of a new class of trained observers. The manual dock intercept process was insufficient to adequately address these new provisions and an automated observer deployment system, the Pre-Trip Notification System (PTNS), was implemented in the Northeastern United States groundfish fishery on 1 May 2010. The PTNS uses a self-adjusting probability-based, tiered selection process to randomly assign observer coverage across the groundfish fleet on a proportional basis for the purpose of monitoring discards. In this paper, we discuss the general design and performance of the PTNS over the first three years of use with a specific focus the self-adjusting properties of the system, and the impacts of vessel compliance. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Palmer, Michael C.; Hersey, Patty; Marotta, Heidi; Shield, Gina Reppucci; Cierpich, Sarah B.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Palmer, MC (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM michael.palmer@noaa.gov
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 179
BP 33
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.02.004
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DL3FA
UT WOS:000375518400004
ER
PT J
AU Brinson, AA
Thunberg, EM
AF Brinson, Ayeisha A.
Thunberg, Eric M.
TI Performance of federally managed catch share fisheries in the United
States
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fisheries; Catch shares; Performance measures; Economic indicators;
Distributional effects
ID PACIFIC HALIBUT; POLLOCK FISHERY; SYSTEM; POLICY; PRODUCTIVITY; RIGHTS;
QUOTAS
AB In 2011 the National Marine Fisheries Service began a systematic collection of performance indicators for U.S. fisheries managed under catch shares. Catch shares are a fishery management tool that dedicate a secure share of quota allowing individual fishermen, fishing cooperatives, fishing communities, or other entities to harvest a fixed amount of fish. Catch share design varies widely across different programs and regions. Many programs share similar biological, social, and economic management objectives even though these design features are tailored to accommodate particular fishery characteristics. This paper evaluates fisheries using standardized indicators to measure the basic economic performance, regardless of catch share program design. Data collected were used to evaluate the economic and distribution effects of U.S. catch share programs. Catch share fishery performance is compared to a baseline period prior to implementation of the catch share program. Overall, the majority of objectives to improve the economic performance of catch share fisheries were achieved. Catch share programs have been effective in reducing fishing capacity. However, catch share programs have had distributional consequences as there are indications that consolidation is occurring in a number of programs. For example, there have been considerable reductions in the number of active vessels and entities holding quota share in the Alaska Halibut and Sablefish and the Mid-Atlantic Surfclam and Ocean Quahog catch share programs. However, it is important to note that the accumulation of ownership share may be less of a concern than consolidation in the use of quota. Thus, to the extent that consolidation is considered a management problem, it may be more effective to consider caps on the use of quota than by imposing more restrictive ownership caps. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Brinson, Ayeisha A.] NOAA Fisheries, Off Sci & Technol, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Thunberg, Eric M.] NOAA Fisheries, Off Sci & Technol, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02540 USA.
RP Brinson, AA (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Off Sci & Technol, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM ayeisha.brinson@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Fisheries
FX The authors would like to thank Rita Curtis and the anonymous reviewers
for comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. An earlier
version of this manuscript was presented at the 2014 ICES Annual Science
Conference and the authors wish to thank various audience members for
their thoughtful comments and insight. The authors would also like to
thank Hannah Goodale, Jerome Hermsen, Charles Adams, Michael Pentony,
Douglas Potts, Emily Gilbert, Christopher Biegel, Steve Freese, Kevin
Ford, Jamie Goen, Sean Matson, Sarah Towne, Pacific States Marine
Fisheries Commission, Andrew Kitts, Tammy Murphy, Julie Olson, Barbara
Rountree, John Walden, Todd Lee, Carl Lian, Jim Hastie, Janell Majewski,
Alia Al Humaidhi, Marlene Bellman, Rachel Baker, Mary Furuness, Jessie
Gharrett, Alexander Kotlarov, Glenn Merrill, Jennifer Mondragan, Ron
Felthoven, Brian Garber-Yonts, Steve Kasperski, Jean Lee, Lisa Pfeiffer,
Chang Seung, Jessica Stephen, Andy Strelcheck, Mike Travis, Juan Agar,
Christopher Liese and Larry Perruso for collection of these data and for
providing reviews of earlier versions of this paper. We would also like
to thank NOAA Fisheries for their funding and support of this project.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 179
BP 213
EP 223
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.03.008
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DL3FA
UT WOS:000375518400023
ER
PT J
AU Richards, RA
Jacobson, LD
AF Richards, R. Anne
Jacobson, Larry D.
TI A simple predation pressure index for modeling changes in natural
mortality: Application to Gulf of Maine northern shrimp stock assessment
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Multispecies stock assessment; Retrospective patterns; Natural;
mortality; Predation; Diet composition; Pandalus borealis
ID PANDALUS-BOREALIS PANDALIDAE; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; ATLANTIC; FISHERY;
MANAGEMENT; BIOMASS; ALASKA; SIZE
AB This paper describes a method for incorporating varying predation pressure in stock assessment that does not require estimation of consumption rates or absolute consumption by predators. The method is applied to assessment of northern shrimp Pandalus borealis, an important forage species in the North Atlantic Ocean and the target of major fisheries. A predation pressure index (PPI) was developed using data collected during resource surveys in Gulf of Maine northern shrimp habitat areas during 1968-2013. Predators were identified based on the percent frequency of occurrence (PFO) of Pandalid shrimp in their diets. The PPI for each year was the weighted sum of the biomass indices of 21 identified predators, where the weights were the time-series average PFO for each predator. The PPI thus reflected the effects of both the biomass of each predator and its importance as a predator of shrimp. The PPI time series was used to scale an assumed average natural mortality rate (M) that replaced a constant M assumption in the stock assessment model. Use of the PPI-scaled M improved the overall fit of the model and reduced a retrospective pattern in the constant M model by nearly 60%. The PPI approach allows time -varying predation to be accounted for in an assessment model without requiring estimates of absolute abundance of predators and their total consumption, quantities which may be unavailable or difficult to estimate accurately. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Richards, R. Anne; Jacobson, Larry D.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA.
RP Richards, RA (reprint author), NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA.
EM anne.richards@noaa.gov
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 179
BP 224
EP 236
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.03.003
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DL3FA
UT WOS:000375518400024
ER
PT J
AU Head, MA
Stokes, GL
Thorson, LT
Keller, AA
AF Head, Melissa A.
Stokes, Gretchen L.
Thorson, Lames T.
Keller, Aimee A.
TI Techniques for improving estimates of maturity ogives in groundfish
using double-reads and measurement error models
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Maturity ogive; Skipped spawning; Histological error; Reader certainty;
Groundfish; Measurement error model
ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; ATLANTIC COD; MARINE FISHES; STOCK; AGE; REPRODUCTION;
NEWFOUNDLAND; RECRUITMENT; MACKEREL; GROWTH
AB The reproductive output of a population depends upon physiological factors, including maturation rates and fecundity-at-size and-at-age, as well as the rate at which post-maturation females fail to spawn (i.e. skipped spawning). These rates are increasingly included in stock assessment models, and are thought to change over time due to harvest and environmental factors. Thus, it is important to accurately estimate maturation and skipped spawning rates while also including information on imprecision. For this task, we developed a new double-read and measurement-error modeling protocol for estimating maturity that is based on the use of multiple histological reads of ovaries to account for reader error caused by poorly prepared slides, nuclear smear, and early yolk development. Application to three U.S. West Coast groundfishes (Pacific hake Merluccius productus, darkblotched rockfish Sebastes crameri, and canary rockfish Sebastes pinniger) indicates that reader uncertainty is strongly predictive of reader error rates. Results also show differences in rates of skipped spawning among species, which should be further investigated. We recommend that future maturity studies record reader certainty, use models that incorporate covariates into the analysis, and conduct an initial double reader analysis. If readers exhibit little variation, then double reads may not be necessary. In addition, slide quality should also be recorded, so that future studies do not confuse this with reader imprecision. This improved protocol will assist in estimating life history, as well as environmental, and anthropogenic effects on maturity. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Head, Melissa A.; Thorson, Lames T.; Keller, Aimee A.] NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Stokes, Gretchen L.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Head, MA (reprint author), NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM melissa.head@noaa.gov
OI Thorson, James/0000-0001-7415-1010
FU National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Ernest. F
Hollings Scholarship; Thomas L. Quay Wildlife and Natural Resources
Undergraduate Experiential Learning Award at North Carolina State
University
FX We would like to thank Jim Hastie, Beth Horness and the entire Fishery
Resource Analysis and Monitoring team at the Northwest Fisheries Science
Center for their input, ideas, and guidance. A special thanks Patrick
McDonald and the Northwest Fisheries Science Center Aging Laboratory for
their quick analysis of the canary rockfish age data set. We also thank
the West Coast Groundfish Bottom Trawl survey volunteers and research
scientists involved in sample collection and processing. We express our
gratitude to the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA), Ernest. F Hollings Scholarship and the Thomas L. Quay Wildlife
and Natural Resources Undergraduate Experiential Learning Award at North
Carolina State University for financial support. We would also like to
thank Owen Hamel and Michelle McClure for their thoughtful comments.
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 179
BP 251
EP 258
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.03.004
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DL3FA
UT WOS:000375518400026
ER
PT J
AU Flyer, N
Barnett, GA
Wicker, LJ
AF Flyer, Natasha
Barnett, Gregory A.
Wicker, Louis J.
TI Enhancing finite differences with radial basis functions: Experiments on
the Navier-Stokes equations
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE RBF-FD; Radial basis functions; Finite differences; Polynomials;
Splines; Navier-Stokes
ID SHAPE PARAMETER; RBF-FD; PRECISION COMPUTATION; ERROR ESTIMATE;
APPROXIMATION; INTERPOLATION; ADVECTION; STENCILS; LIMIT
AB Polynomials are used together with polyharmonic spline (PHS) radial basis functions (RBFs) to create local RBF-finite-difference (RBF-FD) weights on different node layouts for spatial discretizations that can be viewed as enhancements of the classical finite differences (FD). The presented method replicates the convergence properties of FD but for arbitrary node layouts. It is tested on the 2D compressible Navier-Stokes equations at low Mach number, relevant to atmospheric flows. Test cases are taken from the numerical weather prediction community and solved on bounded domains. Thus, attention is given on how to handle boundaries with the RBF-FD method, as well as a novel implementation for hyperviscosity. Comparisons are done on Cartesian, hexagonal, and quasi-uniform node layouts. Consideration and guidelines are given on PHS order, polynomial degree and stencil size. The main advantages of the present method are: 1) capturing the basic physics of the problem surprisingly well, even at very coarse resolutions, 2) high-order accuracy without the need of tuning a shape parameter, and 3) the inclusion of polynomials eliminates stagnation (saturation) errors. A MATLAB code is given to calculate the differentiation weights for this novel approach. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Flyer, Natasha] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Inst Math Appl Geosci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Barnett, Gregory A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Math, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wicker, Louis J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Flyer, N (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Inst Math Appl Geosci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM flyer@ucar.edu; gregory.barnett@colorado.edu; louis.wicker@noaa.gov
FU NSF [DMS-094581]
FX The authors would like to thank Professor Bengt Fornberg, Dr. Victor
Bayona, and Mr. Bradley Martin for useful comments and discussions. Dr.
Flyer and Mr. Gregory Barnett would like to acknowledge the support of
NSF grant DMS-094581. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is
sponsored by NSF.
NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9991
EI 1090-2716
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 316
BP 39
EP 62
DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2016.02.078
PG 24
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA DL7DE
UT WOS:000375799200004
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, HF
Kang, LM
Liu, ML
Ouyang, J
AF Zhu, Hanfei
Kang, Limin
Liu, Menglin
Ouyang, Jun
TI Single-crystal oxide substrate dependent electrical properties of
sputtered BiFeO3 thin films
SO MATERIALS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE BiFeO3; Thin films; Single-crystal oxide substrate; Electrical
properties; Sputtering
ID BISMUTH FERRITE; PHASE-BOUNDARY
AB A series of BiFeO3 thin films were prepared on SrRuO3-buffered (100) YAlO3, (La, Sr)(Al, Ta)O-3, SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 single-crystal oxide substrates via radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. An excellent (00l)-oriented growth of BiFeO3 films with a dominant rhombohedral-like phase was identified by XRD analyses. The electrical properties, e.g. dielectric, ferroelectric and leakage current characteristics, of BiFeO3 films grown on these single-crystal substrates showed significant differences. It was found that the BiFeO3 film deposited on LaAlO3 substrate exhibited the best overall electrical properties among the four films. It showed low loss tangent (tan delta < 0.05) and leakage current density (J < 8 x 10(-4) A/cm(2)), as well as a remnant polarization of 2P(r) similar to 150 mu C/cm(2) and a reduced coercive field of 2E(c) similar to 340 kV/cm. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhu, Hanfei; Liu, Menglin; Ouyang, Jun] Shandong Univ, Key Lab Liquid Solid Struct Evolut & Proc Mat, Minist Educ, Jinan 250061, Peoples R China.
[Kang, Limin] Shandong Ind Ceram Res & Design Inst Co Ltd, Zibo 255031, Peoples R China.
[Ouyang, Jun] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ouyang, J (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Key Lab Liquid Solid Struct Evolut & Proc Mat, Minist Educ, Jinan 250061, Peoples R China.
EM ouyangjunsdu@163.com
OI Ouyang, Jun/0000-0003-2446-2958
FU NSFC [91122024]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
(State Education Ministry)
FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of the NSFC (Grant no.
91122024) and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in
University (State Education Ministry).
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 12
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-577X
EI 1873-4979
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 174
BP 57
EP 60
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2016.03.088
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA DK0AV
UT WOS:000374575700015
ER
PT J
AU Chuang, CS
Yang, YF
Elmquist, RE
Liang, CT
AF Chuang, Chiashain
Yang, Yanfei
Elmquist, Randolph E.
Liang, Chi-Te
TI Linear magnetoresistance in monolayer epitaxial graphene grown on SiC
SO MATERIALS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Graphene; Magnetoresistance; Carbon Materials; Electrical properties
ID GIANT MAGNETORESISTANCE; FILMS; GAS
AB We have observed classical linear magnetoresistance (LMR), which persists to room temperature, in clean monolayer epitaxial graphene grown on SiC. Such results are consistent with the resistor network model based on density inhomogeneity in a disordered two-dimensional system, though the observed LMR is non-saturating possibly due to formation of a quantum Hall-like state beyond the highest measurement magnetic field. Given the prospect of epitaxial graphene in high-frequency transistors, our experimental data pave the way for integration of magnetic sensing devices with high-frequency devices based on wafer-scale graphene. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Chuang, Chiashain; Yang, Yanfei; Elmquist, Randolph E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chuang, Chiashain; Liang, Chi-Te] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
RP Elmquist, RE; Liang, CT (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Liang, CT (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
EM Randolph.elmquist@nist.gov; ctliang@phys.ntu.edu.tw
RI Liang, Chi-Te/A-3902-2009
OI Liang, Chi-Te/0000-0003-4435-5949
FU MOST, Taiwan [MOST 104-2622-8-002-003]
FX This work was funded by the MOST, Taiwan (grant number: MOST
104-2622-8-002-003).
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 12
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-577X
EI 1873-4979
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 174
BP 118
EP 121
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2016.03.033
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA DK0AV
UT WOS:000374575700030
ER
PT J
AU Manion, JA
McGivern, WS
AF Manion, Jeffrey A.
McGivern, W. Sean
TI The Importance of Relative Reaction Rates in the Optimization of
Detailed Kinetic Models
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID COMBUSTION CHEMISTRY; SHOCK-TUBE; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; ARRHENIUS
PARAMETERS; AUTOMATIC-GENERATION; ELEMENTARY REACTIONS;
PRESSURE-DEPENDENCE; REACTION-MECHANISMS; EVALUATED KINETICS; 1-PENTYL
RADICALS
AB Numerous mathematical tools intended to adjust rate constants employed in complex detailed kinetic models to make them consistent with multiple sets of experimental data have been reported in the literature. Application of such model optimization methods typically begins with the assignment of uncertainties in the absolute rate constants in a starting model, followed by variation of the rate constants within these uncertainty bounds to tune rate parameters to match model outputs to experimental observations. The present work examines the impact of including information on relative reaction rates in the optimization strategy, which is not typically done in current implementations. It is shown that where such rate constant data are available, the available parameter space changes dramatically due to the correlations inherent in such measurements. Relative rate constants are typically measured with greater relative accuracy than corresponding absolute rate constant measurements. This greater accuracy further reduces the available parameter space, which significantly affects the uncertainty in the model outcomes as a result of kinetic parameter uncertainties. We demonstrate this effect by considering a simple example case emulating an ignition event and show that use of relative rate measurements leads to a significantly smaller uncertainty in the output ignition delay time in comparison with results based on absolute measurements. This is true even though the same range of absolute rate constants is sampled in each case. Implications of the results with respect to the maintenance of physically realistic kinetics in optimized models are discussed, and suggestions are made for the path forward in the refinement of detailed kinetic models. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Manion, Jeffrey A.; McGivern, W. Sean] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Manion, JA; McGivern, WS (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jeffrey.manion@nist.gov; sean.mcgivern@nist.gov
NR 58
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0538-8066
EI 1097-4601
J9 INT J CHEM KINET
JI Int. J. Chem. Kinet.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 48
IS 7
BP 358
EP 366
DI 10.1002/kin.20996
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA DK7DI
UT WOS:000375084700002
ER
PT J
AU Field, LJ
Kern, JW
Rosman, LB
AF Field, L. Jay
Kern, John W.
Rosman, Lisa B.
TI Re-visiting projections of PCBs in Lower Hudson River fish using model
emulation
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Model emulation; PCBs; Risk management; Hudson River; Natural recovery
ID TRENDS
AB Remedial decision making at large contaminated sediment sites with bioaccumulative contaminants often relies on complex mechanistic models to forecast future concentrations and compare remedial alternatives. Remedial decision-making for the Hudson River PCBs Superfund site involved predictions of future levels of PCBs in Upper Hudson River (UHR) and Lower Hudson River (LHR) fish. This study applied model emulation to evaluate the impact of updated sediment concentrations on the original mechanistic model projections of time to reach risk based target thresholds in fish in the LHR under Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) and the selected dredging remedy.
The model emulation approach used a combination of nonlinear and linear regression models to estimate UHR water PCBs as a function of UHR sediment PCBs and to estimate fish concentrations in the LHR as a function of UHR water PCBs, respectively. Model emulation captured temporal changes in sediment, water, and fish PCBs predicted by the mechanistic model over the emulation period. The emulated model, using updated sediment concentrations and a revised estimate of recovery rate, matched the trend in annual monitoring data for white perch and large mouth bass in the LHR between 1997 and 2014.
Our best predictions based on the emulated model indicate that the projected time to reach fish tissue risk-based thresholds in the LHR will take decades longer than the original mechanistic model projections. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Field, L. Jay] NOAA, Assessment & Restorat Div, Off Response & Restorat, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98125 USA.
[Kern, John W.] Kern Stat Serv Inc, 5175 NE River Rd, Sauk Rapids, MN USA.
[Rosman, Lisa B.] NOAA, Assessment & Restorat Div, Off Response & Restorat, 290 Broadway, New York, NY 10007 USA.
RP Field, LJ (reprint author), NOAA, Assessment & Restorat Div, Off Response & Restorat, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98125 USA.
EM jay.field@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office of
Response and Restoration
FX Funding for this work was provided by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office of Response and Restoration.
This manuscript benefited from the comments of internal and external
peer reviewers. Data management and digitization were provided by EXA
Data and Mapping Services. The findings and conclusions in this
manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of NOAA.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUL 1
PY 2016
VL 557
BP 489
EP 501
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.072
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DK7VZ
UT WOS:000375136200051
PM 27017079
ER
PT J
AU Moody, D
Shumow, D
AF Moody, Dustin
Shumow, Daniel
TI ANALOGUES OF VELU'S FORMULAS FOR ISOGENIES ON ALTERNATE MODELS OF
ELLIPTIC CURVES
SO MATHEMATICS OF COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Elliptic curve; Edwards curve; Huff curve
ID TWISTED EDWARDS CURVES; FINITE-FIELDS; POLYNOMIALS; VOLCANOS
AB Isogenies are the morphisms between elliptic curves and are, accordingly, a topic of interest in the subject. As such, they have been well studied, and have been used in several cryptographic applications. Velu's formulas show how to explicitly evaluate an isogeny, given a specification of the kernel as a list of points. However, Velu's formulas only work for elliptic curves specified by a Weierstrass equation. This paper presents formulas similar to Velu's that can be used to evaluate isogenies on Edwards curves and Huff curves, which are normal forms of elliptic curves that provide an alternative to the traditional Weierstrass form. Our formulas are not simply compositions of Velu's formulas with mappings to and from Weierstrass form. Our alternate derivation yields efficient formulas for isogenies with lower algebraic complexity than such compositions. In fact, these formulas have lower algebraic complexity than Velu's formulas on Weierstrass curves.
C1 [Moody, Dustin] NIST, Comp Secur Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Shumow, Daniel] Microsoft Res, Redmond, WA 98052 USA.
RP Moody, D (reprint author), NIST, Comp Secur Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Shumow, D (reprint author), Microsoft Res, Redmond, WA 98052 USA.
EM dustin.moody@nist.gov; danshu@microsoft.com
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC
PI PROVIDENCE
PA 201 CHARLES ST, PROVIDENCE, RI 02940-2213 USA
SN 0025-5718
EI 1088-6842
J9 MATH COMPUT
JI Math. Comput.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 85
IS 300
BP 1929
EP 1951
DI 10.1090/mcom/3036
PG 23
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA DH0LH
UT WOS:000372475200015
ER
PT J
AU Dudowicz, J
Freed, KF
Douglas, JF
AF Dudowicz, Jacek
Freed, Karl F.
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Relation Between Solvent Quality and Phase Behavior of Ternary Mixtures
of Polymers and Two Solvents that Exhibit Cononsolvency
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID TO-COIL TRANSITION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION;
SELECTIVE EXTRACTION; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; CHITOSAN; CHAIN;
NANOPARTICLES; SEPARATION; PROTEINS
AB The phase boundaries of polymer solutions in mixed solvents can be extremely complex due to the many competing van der Waals and associative interactions that can arise in these ubiquitous and technologically important complex fluids. The present paper focuses specific attention on ternary solutions of polymers (B) dissolved in a mixture of two solvents (A, C) that competitively associate with the polymer. We are particularly concerned with explaining the origin of the peculiar phenomenon of cononsolvency in mixed solvents, where a mixture of two individually good solvents behaves effectively as a poor solvent. Our computations are based on a recently developed generalization of Flory-Huggins theory that incorporates the competitive solvation of a polymer by two associating solvents. On the basis of this framework, we evaluate the limit of polymer phase stability (spinodal curves) and the second osmotic virial coefficient B-2 as a function of temperature and the composition of the pure solvent mixture that is maintained in osmotic equilibrium with the ternary solution. The calculations provide new insights into the miscibility patterns of ternary A/B/C polymer solutions exhibiting cononsolvency.
C1 [Dudowicz, Jacek; Freed, Karl F.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Dudowicz, Jacek; Freed, Karl F.] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, 5735 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dudowicz, J (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.; Dudowicz, J (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, 5735 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM dudowicz@jfi.uchicago.edu
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE-1363012]
FX This research is supported, in part, by National Science Foundation
(NSF) Grant No. CHE-1363012.
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 12
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD JUN 30
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 25
BP 5753
EP 5758
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03248
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA DQ8JF
UT WOS:000379456200018
PM 27253170
ER
PT J
AU Qiu, XY
Ke, FY
Timsina, R
Khripin, CY
Zheng, M
AF Qiu, Xiangyun
Ke, Fuyou
Timsina, Raju
Khripin, Constantine Y.
Zheng, Ming
TI Attractive Interactions between DNA-Carbon Nanotube Hybrids in
Monovalent Salts
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HYDRATION FORCES; RECOGNITION;
NANOTECHNOLOGY; SEPARATION; PARTITION; SYSTEMS; PHASES; ION
AB DNA carbon nanotube (DNA-CNT) hybrids are nanometer-sized, highly charged, rodlike molecules with complex surface chemistry, and their behaviors in aqueous solutions are governed by multifactorial interactions with both solvent and cosolutes. We have previously measured the force between DNA-CNTs as a function of their interaxial distance in low monovalent salts where interhybrid electrostatic repulsion dominates. The characteristics of DNA-CNT forces were further shown to closely resemble that of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in low salts. However, contrasting behaviors emerge at elevated monovalent salts: DNA-CNT condenses spontaneously, whereas dsDNA remains soluble. Here we report force distance dependencies of DNA-CNTs across wide-ranging monovalent salt concentrations. DNA-CNT force curves are observed to deviate from dsDNA curves above 300 mmol/L NaCl, and the deviation grows with increasing salts. Most notably, DNA-CNT forces become net attractive above 1 mol/L NaCl, whereas dsDNA forces are repulsive at all salt concentrations. We further discuss possible physical origins for the observed DNA-CNT attraction in monovalent salts, in consideration of the complex surface chemistry and unique polyelectrolyte properties of DNA-CNT hybrids.
C1 [Qiu, Xiangyun; Timsina, Raju] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Ke, Fuyou] Donghua Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201620, Peoples R China.
[Ke, Fuyou] Donghua Univ, State Key Lab Modificat Chem Fibers & Polymer Mat, Shanghai 201620, Peoples R China.
[Khripin, Constantine Y.; Zheng, Ming] NIST, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Qiu, XY (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
EM xqiu@gwu.edu
FU George Washington University
FX We thank Erin Britt for help with experiments. The work was supported by
the George Washington University.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 11
U2 12
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JUN 30
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 25
BP 13831
EP 13835
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b04623
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DQ8JK
UT WOS:000379456800060
ER
PT J
AU Smalling, KL
Deshpande, AD
Blazer, VS
Dockum, BW
Timmons, D
Sharack, BL
Baker, RJ
Samson, J
Reilly, TJ
AF Smalling, Kelly L.
Deshpande, Ashok D.
Blazer, Vicki S.
Dockum, Bruce W.
Timmons, DeMond
Sharack, Beth L.
Baker, Ronald J.
Samson, Jennifer
Reilly, Timothy J.
TI Young of the year bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) as a bioindicator of
estuarine health: Establishing a new baseline for persistent organic
pollutants after Hurricane Sandy for selected estuaries in New Jersey
and New York
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Persistent organic pollutants; YOY bluefish; Pomatomus saltatrix;
Hurricanes; Bioindicator; Estuarine health
ID THE-YEAR BLUEFISH; POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; COASTAL MARINE
FINFISH; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; FOOD-WEB; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES;
GROWTH; CONTAMINATION; BIOACCUMULATION; CONGENERS
AB Atlantic coastal bays of the US are essential habitat for young of year bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix). Their residence in these estuaries during critical life stages, high lipid content, and piscivory make bluefish an ideal bioindicator species for evaluating estuarine health. Individual whole fish from four estuaries impacted by Hurricane Sandy were collected in August 2013, analyzed for a suite of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and organochlorine pesticides and evaluated using health metrics. Concentrations in whole bluefish differed by estuary; however, concentrations for many POPs decreased or were similar to those observed prior to the hurricane. Prevalence of the ectoparasitic gill isopod (Lironeca ovalis) varied by estuary and no relationships between contaminants and lesions were observed. Bluefish should be considered for monitoring programs and, if sampled frequently, could be an effective bioindicator of incremental and episodic changes in contaminants within aquatic food webs. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Smalling, Kelly L.; Baker, Ronald J.; Reilly, Timothy J.] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, Lawrenceville, NJ USA.
[Deshpande, Ashok D.; Dockum, Bruce W.; Timmons, DeMond; Sharack, Beth L.; Samson, Jennifer] NOAA Fisheries, NEFSC, James J Howard Marine Sci Lab, Sandy Hook, NJ USA.
[Blazer, Vicki S.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV USA.
RP Smalling, KL (reprint author), 3450 Princeton Pike,Suite 110, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA.
EM ksmall@usgs.gov
OI Smalling, Kelly/0000-0002-1214-4920; Timmons, DeMond/0000-0003-2822-0139
FU [PL 113-2]
FX This study was funded through the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act of
2013 (PL 113-2). The managers of the funding sources did not participate
in the design of the study, nor the interpretation or writing of the
manuscript. All such decisions were solely made by the authors.
NR 42
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD JUN 30
PY 2016
VL 107
IS 2
BP 422
EP 431
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.03.019
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DQ3HU
UT WOS:000379094200003
PM 27039958
ER
PT J
AU Smalling, KL
Deshpande, AD
Galbraith, HS
Sharack, BL
Timmons, D
Baker, RJ
AF Smalling, Kelly L.
Deshpande, Ashok D.
Galbraith, Heather S.
Sharack, Beth L.
Timmons, DeMond
Baker, Ronald J.
TI Regional assessment of persistent organic pollutants in resident mussels
from New Jersey and New York estuaries following Hurricane Sandy
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Persistent organic contaminants; Mussel tissue; Hurricane Sandy;
Estuarine health; Chronology
ID MYTILUS-EDULIS-L; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POLYBROMINATED
DIPHENYL ETHERS; DEMISSA DILLWYN BIVALVIA; NEW-BEDFORD HARBOR;
WORLD-TRADE-CENTER; THE-YEAR BLUEFISH; GEUKENSIA-DEMISSA; RIBBED MUSSEL;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS
AB Resident mussels are effective indicators of ecosystem health and have been utilized in national assessment and monitoring studies for over two decades. Mussels were,chosen because contaminant concentrations in their tissues respond to changes in ambient environmental levels, accumulation occurs with little metabolic transformation and a substantial amount of historic data were available. Mussels were collected from 10 previously studied locations approximately a year after Hurricane Sandy. Regionally, concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) decreased significantly, while concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) remained unchanged, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) increased compared to historic concentrations. Although concentrations of PCBs, OCPs and PAHs were at or near record low concentrations, long-term trends did not change after Hurricane Sandy. To effectively measure storm induced impacts it is necessary to understand the factors influencing changes in mussel body burdens and have a long-term monitoring network and an ability to mobilize post event. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Smalling, Kelly L.; Baker, Ronald J.] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, Lawrenceville, NJ USA.
[Deshpande, Ashok D.; Sharack, Beth L.; Timmons, DeMond] NOAA Fisheries, NEFSC, James J Howard Marine Sci Lab, Sandy Hook, NJ USA.
[Galbraith, Heather S.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA USA.
RP Smalling, KL (reprint author), 3450 Princeton Pike,Suite 110, Lawrenceville, NJ 08628 USA.
EM ksmall@usgs.gov
OI Timmons, DeMond/0000-0003-2822-0139
FU [PL 113-2]
FX This study was funded through the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act of
2013 (PL 113-2). The managers of the funding sources did not participate
in the design of the study, nor the interpretation or writing of the
manuscript. All such decisions were solely made by the authors.
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 12
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD JUN 30
PY 2016
VL 107
IS 2
BP 432
EP 441
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.077
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DQ3HU
UT WOS:000379094200004
PM 26965090
ER
PT J
AU Valdes-Pineda, R
Valdes, JB
Diaz, HF
Pizarro-Tapia, R
AF Valdes-Pineda, Rodrigo
Valdes, Juan B.
Diaz, Henry F.
Pizarro-Tapia, Roberto
TI Analysis of spatio-temporal changes in annual and seasonal precipitation
variability in South America-Chile and related ocean-atmosphere
circulation patterns
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE precipitation in Chile; annual and seasonal variability; EOF analysis;
climate indices
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NORTH-CENTRAL CHILE; RAINFALL VARIABILITY;
TROPICAL PACIFIC; DROUGHT INDEXES; ATACAMA DESERT; WEST-COAST; CLIMATE;
OSCILLATION; ALTIPLANO
AB Establishing relationships between coupled ocean-atmospheric patterns and precipitation accumulation is important to describe and predict spatio-temporal variability on annual or seasonal scales, and also to evaluate how this variability is influenced by global warming. The objective of this study was to examine the leading modes of interannual and seasonal (summer, autumn, winter, and spring) precipitation variability in South America-Chile, and their significant relationship to seasonally aggregated gridded data and climatic indices. Applying exhaustive data quality control measures to data from 238 rain gauges with different lengths of records between 1893 and 2013, a new data set was created with the objective of obtaining reliable records for further analysis. A comprehensive analysis through empirical orthogonal functions (EOF) allowed for determination of the leading modes of annual and seasonal precipitation and their main spatial patterns for the whole country. The percentage of explained variance in the relationship between seasonally aggregated indices and the leading modes of precipitation confirmed that most of the interannual and winter precipitation variability in Chile is linked to the seasonal aggregation of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The leading modes of summer, autumn, and spring precipitation were mostly linked to seasonal aggregations of the Madden and Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO).
C1 [Valdes-Pineda, Rodrigo; Valdes, Juan B.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, JW Harshbarger Bldg,1133 James E Rogers Way 122, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Valdes-Pineda, Rodrigo; Pizarro-Tapia, Roberto] Univ Talca, Technol Ctr Environm Hydrol, Talca, Chile.
[Diaz, Henry F.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Diaz, Henry F.] NOAA, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Valdes-Pineda, R (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, JW Harshbarger Bldg,1133 James E Rogers Way 122, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM rvaldes@email.arizona.edu
NR 84
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD JUN 30
PY 2016
VL 36
IS 8
BP 2979
EP 3001
DI 10.1002/joc.4532
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DP8UK
UT WOS:000378773200012
ER
PT J
AU Spanbauer, TL
Allen, CR
Angeler, DG
Eason, T
Fritz, SC
Garmestani, AS
Nash, KL
Stone, JR
Stow, CA
Sundstrom, SM
AF Spanbauer, Trisha L.
Allen, Craig R.
Angeler, David G.
Eason, Tarsha
Fritz, Sherilyn C.
Garmestani, Ahjond S.
Nash, Kirsty L.
Stone, Jeffery R.
Stow, Craig A.
Sundstrom, Shana M.
TI Body size distributions signal a regime shift in a lake ecosystem
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE palaeoecology; regime shift; climate change; thresholds; body size;
resilience
ID HABITAT STRUCTURE; DISCONTINUITIES; ORGANIZATION; RESILIENCE; PATTERNS;
DROUGHT; ECOLOGY; DIATOM; TIME
AB Communities of organisms, from mammals to microorganisms, have discontinuous distributions of body size. This pattern of size structuring is a conservative trait of community organization and is a product of processes that occur at multiple spatial and temporal scales. In this study, we assessed whether body size patterns serve as an indicator of a threshold between alternative regimes. Over the past 7000 years, the biological communities of Foy Lake (Montana, USA) have undergone a major regime shift owing to climate change. We used a palaeoecological record of diatom communities to estimate diatom sizes, and then analysed the discontinuous distribution of organism sizes over time. We used Bayesian classification and regression tree models to determine that all time intervals exhibited aggregations of sizes separated by gaps in the distribution and found a significant change in diatom body size distributions approximately 150 years before the identified ecosystem regime shift. We suggest that discontinuity analysis is a useful addition to the suite of tools for the detection of early warning signals of regime shifts.
C1 [Spanbauer, Trisha L.] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Eason, Tarsha; Garmestani, Ahjond S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Spanbauer, Trisha L.; Fritz, Sherilyn C.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Spanbauer, Trisha L.; Fritz, Sherilyn C.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Sundstrom, Shana M.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Angeler, David G.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, POB 7050, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Nash, Kirsty L.] James Cook Univ, Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Nash, Kirsty L.] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Ctr Marine Socioecol, Hobart, Tas 7000, Australia.
[Stone, Jeffery R.] Indiana State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Syst, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA.
[Stow, Craig A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Spanbauer, TL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Res Council, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.; Spanbauer, TL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.; Spanbauer, TL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
EM spanbauer.trisha@epa.gov
OI Nash, Kirsty/0000-0003-0976-3197
FU United States Geological Survey's John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis
and Synthesis; August T. Larsson Foundation of the Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences; NSF's Integrative Graduate Education and Research
Traineeship (IGERT) programme (NSF) [0903469]; NSF's Sedimentary Geology
and Palaeobiology programme (NSF) [1251678]; Swedish Research Council VR
[2014-5828]; Swedish Research Council Formas [2014-1193]; University of
Nebraska; National Research Council
FX This manuscript was conceived at the Managing for Resilience Working
Group, funded by the United States Geological Survey's John Wesley
Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis. This work was supported, in
part, by the August T. Larsson Foundation of the Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences, the NSF's Integrative Graduate Education and
Research Traineeship (IGERT) programme (NSF no. 0903469), the
Sedimentary Geology and Palaeobiology programme (NSF no. 1251678), the
Swedish Research Councils VR (2014-5828) and Formas (2014-1193). A
University of Nebraska Presidential Graduate Fellowship and a National
Research Council Research Associateship also provided support for this
project.
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD JUN 29
PY 2016
VL 283
IS 1833
AR 20160249
DI 10.1098/rspb.2016.0249
PG 6
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA DT1MR
UT WOS:000381247300017
ER
PT J
AU Plaza, M
Huang, X
Ko, JYP
Shen, M
Simpson, BH
Rodriguez-Lopez, J
Ritzert, NL
Letchworth-Weaver, K
Gunceler, D
Schlom, DG
Arias, TA
Brock, JD
Abruna, HD
AF Plaza, Manuel
Huang, Xin
Ko, J. Y. Peter
Shen, Mei
Simpson, Burton H.
Rodriguez-Lopez, Joaquin
Ritzert, Nicole L.
Letchworth-Weaver, Kendra
Gunceler, Deniz
Schlom, Darrell G.
Arias, Tomas A.
Brock, Joel D.
Abruna, Hector D.
TI Structure of the Photo-catalytically Active Surface of SrTiO3
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SCANNING ELECTROCHEMICAL MICROSCOPY; HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; PHOTOCATALYTIC
DECOMPOSITION; LIQUID WATER; TIO2; PHOTOELECTROCHEMISTRY; DIFFRACTION;
PRINCIPLES; CHEMISTRY; CELLS
AB A major goal of energy research is to use visible light to cleave water directly, without an applied voltage, into hydrogen and oxygen. Although SrTiO3 requires ultraviolet light, after four decades, it is still the "gold standard" for the photo-catalytic splitting of water. It is chemically robust and can carry out both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions without an applied bias. While ultrahigh vacuum surface science techniques have provided useful insights, we still know relatively little about the structure of these electrodes in contact with electrolytes under operating conditions. Here, we report the surface structure evolution of a n-SrTiO3 electrode during water splitting, before and after "training" with an applied positive bias. Operando high-energy X-ray reflectivity measurements demonstrate that training the electrode irreversibly reorders the surface. Scanning electrochemical microscopy at open circuit correlates this training with a 3-fold increase of the activity toward the photo-induced water splitting. A novel first-principles joint density functional theory simulation, constrained to the X-ray data via a generalized penalty function, identifies an anatase-like structure as the more active, trained surface.
C1 [Plaza, Manuel; Huang, Xin; Ko, J. Y. Peter; Brock, Joel D.] Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Shen, Mei; Simpson, Burton H.; Rodriguez-Lopez, Joaquin] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Ritzert, Nicole L.; Abruna, Hector D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Letchworth-Weaver, Kendra; Gunceler, Deniz; Arias, Tomas A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Schlom, Darrell G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Schlom, Darrell G.] Cornell Nanoscale Sci, Kavli Inst, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Plaza, Manuel] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Mat Condensada, Ciudad Univ Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain.
[Ko, J. Y. Peter] Cornell Univ, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Ritzert, Nicole L.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Letchworth-Weaver, Kendra] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
RP Brock, JD (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.; Abruna, HD (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.; Arias, TA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM taa2@cornell.edu; jdb20@cornell.edu; hda1@cornell.edu
RI Plaza Dominguez, Manuel/L-5040-2014
OI Plaza Dominguez, Manuel/0000-0001-9845-0955
FU Energy Materials Center at Cornell (EMC2) an Energy Frontier Research
Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001086]; National Science Foundation; National
Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences
under NSF [DMR-0936384]; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
FX We thank Jacob Ruff, Darren Dale, and Hanjong Paik for technical
support. This material is based upon work supported as part of the
Energy Materials Center at Cornell (EMC2), an Energy Frontier Research
Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Award No. DE-SC0001086. This work
is based upon research conducted in part at the Cornell High Energy
Synchrotron Source (CHESS), which is supported by the National Science
Foundation and the National Institutes of Health/National Institute of
General Medical Sciences under NSF award DMR-0936384. J.R.-L.
acknowledges the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for start-up
funds.
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 38
U2 85
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUN 29
PY 2016
VL 138
IS 25
BP 7816
EP 7819
DI 10.1021/jacs.6b03338
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA DQ1TW
UT WOS:000378984300004
PM 27281231
ER
PT J
AU Cimino, MA
Lynch, HJ
Saba, VS
Oliver, MJ
AF Cimino, Megan A.
Lynch, Heather J.
Saba, Vincent S.
Oliver, Matthew J.
TI Projected asymmetric response of Adelie penguins to Antarctic climate
change
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; PENINSULA REGION; WEST ANTARCTICA; ICE; VARIABILITY;
POPULATION; COLONIES; HABITAT; TRENDS
AB The contribution of climate change to shifts in a species' geographic distribution is a critical and often unresolved ecological question. Climate change in Antarctica is asymmetric, with cooling in parts of the continent and warming along the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP). The Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) is a circumpolar meso-predator exposed to the full range of Antarctic climate and is undergoing dramatic population shifts coincident with climate change. We used true presence-absence data on Adelie penguin breeding colonies to estimate past and future changes in habitat suitability during the chick-rearing period based on historic satellite observations and future climate model projections. During the contemporary period, declining Adelie penguin populations experienced more years with warm sea surface temperature compared to populations that are increasing. Based on this relationship, we project that one-third of current Adelie penguin colonies, representing similar to 20% of their current population, may be in decline by 2060. However, climate model projections suggest refugia may exist in continental Antarctica beyond 2099, buffering species-wide declines. Climate change impacts on penguins in the Antarctic will likely be highly site specific based on regional climate trends, and a southward contraction in the range of Adelie penguins is likely over the next century.
C1 [Cimino, Megan A.; Oliver, Matthew J.] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, 700 Pilottown Rd, Lewes, DE 19958 USA.
[Lynch, Heather J.] SUNY Stony Brook, 113 Life Sci Bldg, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Saba, Vincent S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton Univ Forrestal Campus,201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Cimino, MA (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, 700 Pilottown Rd, Lewes, DE 19958 USA.
EM mcimino@udel.edu
FU NASA Biodiversity Program [NNX09AK24G]; NSF Office of Polar Programs;
Geography and Spatial Sciences [1255058]
FX This work was funded by the NASA Biodiversity Program (NNX09AK24G to
M.O.). H.L. acknowledges support from the NSF Office of Polar Programs
and Geography and Spatial Sciences (Award No. 1255058). We thank James
Scott and Michael Alexander for providing IPCC model simulations.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 24
U2 48
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUN 29
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 28785
DI 10.1038/srep28785
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DP9FV
UT WOS:000378803000001
PM 27352849
ER
PT J
AU Cronin, MF
Tozuka, T
AF Cronin, Meghan F.
Tozuka, Tomoki
TI Steady State Ocean Response to Wind Forcing in Extratropical Frontal
Regions
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID PACIFIC COLD-TONGUE; FRONTOGENESIS; VARIABILITY
AB In regions of strong sea surface temperature (SST) gradients, the surface "geostrophic" currents have a vertical shear aligned with the surface density front defined by the temperature. This surface geostrophic ("thermal wind") shear can balance a portion of the surface wind stress, altering the classic Ekman response to wind forcing. Here we show that these frontal effects cannot be ignored in the Tropics or in strong frontal regions in the extratropics, such as found in coastal regions and in western boundary currents of all basins. Frontal effects also dominate the classic Ekman response in the regions of both hemispheres where Trade winds change to westerlies. Implications for vertical motion and global heat transport are discussed.
C1 [Cronin, Meghan F.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Tozuka, Tomoki] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Tokyo 113, Japan.
RP Cronin, MF (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM meghan.f.cronin@noaa.gov
RI Tozuka, Tomoki/A-1805-2009
OI Tozuka, Tomoki/0000-0001-6738-1299
FU JAMSTEC; Japan Society for Promotion of Science [16H01589]
FX The OFES simulation was conducted on the Earth Simulator under the
support of JAMSTEC. OFES outputs were downloaded from Asia-Pacific
Data-Research Center of the International Pacific Research Center
(http://apdrc.soest.hawaii.edu/data/data.php). T.T. was supported by
Japan Society for Promotion of Science through Grant-in-Aid for
Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Grant number 16H01589). PMEL
contribution 4412.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 3
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUN 29
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 28842
DI 10.1038/srep28842
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DP9HQ
UT WOS:000378807700001
PM 27354231
ER
PT J
AU Levine, AFZ
McPhaden, MJ
AF Levine, Aaron F. Z.
McPhaden, Michael J.
TI How the July 2014 easterly wind burst gave the 2015-2016 El Nino a head
start
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC-OCEAN; RECHARGE
OSCILLATOR; ANALYSIS SYSTEM; ANNUAL CYCLE; ENSO; GENESIS; EVENTS;
GROWTH; MODEL
AB Following strong westerly wind bursts in boreal winter and spring of 2014, both the scientific community and the popular press were abuzz with the possibility of a major El Nino developing. However, during the boreal summer of 2014, the Bjerknes feedback failed to kick in, aided and abetted by a strong easterly wind burst. The widely anticipated major 2014-2015 El Nino event failed to materialize and even failed to qualify as an El Nino by conventional definitions. However, the boreal summer easterly wind burst had the effect of not only inhibiting the growth of the El Nino event but also preventing and then reversing the discharge of the equatorial heat content that typically occurs during the course of an El Nino event. This head start of equatorial heat content helped push the 2015-2016 El Nino event to extreme magnitude.
C1 [Levine, Aaron F. Z.; McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, PMEL, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Levine, AFZ (reprint author), NOAA, PMEL, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM aaron.levine@noaa.gov
RI McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016;
OI Levine, Aaron/0000-0002-8866-4332
FU Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD, France)
FX This research was performed while the first author held a National
Research Council Research Associateship Award at NOAA/PMEL. The authors
would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments.
This is PMEL contribution 4444. GODAS data provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL
PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their Web site at
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. The TropFlux data is produced under a
collaboration between Laboratoire d?Oceanographie: Experimentation et
Approches Numeriques (LOCEAN) from Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL,
Paris, France) and National Institute of Oceanography/CSIR (NIO, Goa,
India) and supported by Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement
(IRD, France). TropFlux relies on data provided by the ECMWF Re-Analysis
Interim (ERA-I) and ISCCP projects. TropFlux is available at
http://www.incois.gov.in/tropflux/.
NR 33
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 10
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUN 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 12
BP 6503
EP 6510
DI 10.1002/2016GL069204
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DS6RN
UT WOS:000380910100071
ER
PT J
AU Sweeney, C
Dlugokencky, E
Miller, CE
Wofsy, S
Karion, A
Dinardo, S
Chang, RYW
Miller, JB
Bruhwiler, L
Crotwell, AM
Newberger, T
McKain, K
Stone, RS
Wolter, SE
Lang, PE
Tans, P
AF Sweeney, Colm
Dlugokencky, Edward
Miller, Charles E.
Wofsy, Steven
Karion, Anna
Dinardo, Steve
Chang, Rachel Y. -W.
Miller, John B.
Bruhwiler, Lori
Crotwell, Andrew M.
Newberger, Tim
McKain, Kathryn
Stone, Robert S.
Wolter, Sonja E.
Lang, Patricia E.
Tans, Pieter
TI No significant increase in long-term CH4 emissions on North Slope of
Alaska despite significant increase in air temperature
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; PERMAFROST CARBON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ARCTIC TUNDRA;
SEA-ICE; MOISTURE; MODELS; SYSTEM; BARROW; SCALE
AB Continuous measurements of atmospheric methane (CH4) mole fractions measured by NOAA's Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network in Barrow, AK (BRW), show strong enhancements above background values when winds come from the land sector from July to December from 1986 to 2015, indicating that emissions from arctic tundra continue through autumn and into early winter. Twenty-nine years of measurements show little change in seasonal mean land sector CH4 enhancements, despite an increase in annual mean temperatures of 1.2 +/- 0.8 degrees C/decade (2s). The record does reveal small increases in CH4 enhancements in November and December after 2010 due to increased late-season emissions. The lack of significant long-term trends suggests that more complex biogeochemical processes are counteracting the observed short-term (monthly) temperature sensitivity of 5.0 +/- 3.6 ppb CH4/degrees C. Our results suggest that even the observed short-term temperature sensitivity from the Arctic will have little impact on the global atmospheric CH4 budget in the long term if future trajectories evolve with the same temperature sensitivity.
C1 [Sweeney, Colm; Karion, Anna; Crotwell, Andrew M.; Newberger, Tim; McKain, Kathryn; Wolter, Sonja E.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sweeney, Colm; Dlugokencky, Edward; Karion, Anna; Miller, John B.; Bruhwiler, Lori; Crotwell, Andrew M.; Newberger, Tim; McKain, Kathryn; Wolter, Sonja E.; Lang, Patricia E.; Tans, Pieter] NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Miller, Charles E.; Dinardo, Steve] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Wofsy, Steven] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Karion, Anna] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chang, Rachel Y. -W.] Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS, Canada.
[Stone, Robert S.] Sci & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Sweeney, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Sweeney, C (reprint author), NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM colm.sweeney@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Global Greenhouse Gas
Reference Network; National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX This work was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network and Carbon in
Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment (CARVE), an Earth Ventures
(EV-1) investigation, under contract with the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration. Data for this study can be found at
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/site/site.php?code=BRW. Bryan Thomas and
Michael S. O'Neill are thanked for their help in tracking down the
history of instruments used at Barrow. We also would like to thank
Patrick Crill and an anonomous reviewer for the valuable input to this
manuscript.
NR 38
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U1 10
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUN 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 12
BP 6604
EP 6611
DI 10.1002/2016GL069292
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DS6RN
UT WOS:000380910100083
ER
PT J
AU Jensen, EJ
Ueyama, R
Pfister, L
Bui, TV
Alexander, MJ
Podglajen, A
Hertzog, A
Woods, S
Lawson, RP
Kim, JE
Schoeberl, MR
AF Jensen, Eric J.
Ueyama, Rei
Pfister, Leonhard
Bui, Theopaul V.
Alexander, M. Joan
Podglajen, Aurelien
Hertzog, Albert
Woods, Sarah
Lawson, R. Paul
Kim, Ji-Eun
Schoeberl, Mark R.
TI High-frequency gravity waves and homogeneous ice nucleation in tropical
tropopause layer cirrus
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CLOUD FORMATION; GLASSY AEROSOLS; NUMBER DENSITY; WATER-VAPOR;
TEMPERATURE; FLUCTUATIONS; SIMULATIONS; TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS; ROLES
AB The impact of high-frequency gravity waves on homogeneous-freezing ice nucleation in cold cirrus clouds is examined using parcel model simulations driven by superpressure balloon measurements of temperature variability experienced by air parcels in the tropical tropopause region. We find that the primary influence of high-frequency waves is to generate rapid cooling events that drive production of numerous ice crystals. Quenching of ice nucleation events by temperature tendency reversal in the highest-frequency waves does occasionally produce low ice concentrations, but the overall impact of high-frequency waves is to increase the occurrence of high ice concentrations. The simulated ice concentrations are considerably higher than indicated by in situ measurements of cirrus in the tropical tropopause region. One-dimensional simulations suggest that although sedimentation reduces mean ice concentrations, a discrepancy of about a factor of 3 with observed ice concentrations remains. Reconciliation of numerical simulations with the observed ice concentrations will require inclusion of physical processes such as heterogeneous nucleation and entrainment.
C1 [Jensen, Eric J.; Ueyama, Rei; Pfister, Leonhard; Bui, Theopaul V.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Alexander, M. Joan] CoRA Off, NorthWest Res Associates, Boulder, CO USA.
[Podglajen, Aurelien; Hertzog, Albert] Univ Paris 06, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, Ecole Normale Super, Lab Meteorol Dynam,Ecol Polytech,CNRS,UMR8539, Paris, France.
[Woods, Sarah; Lawson, R. Paul] Spec Inc, Boulder, CO USA.
[Kim, Ji-Eun] NOAA, Boulder, CO USA.
[Schoeberl, Mark R.] Sci & Technol Corp, Columbia, MD USA.
RP Jensen, EJ (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM eric.j.jensen@nasa.gov
FU NASA
FX This work was supported by NASA's Atmospheric Composition Campaign Data
Analysis and Modeling program directed by Hal Maring.
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUN 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 12
BP 6629
EP 6635
DI 10.1002/2016GL069426
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DS6RN
UT WOS:000380910100086
ER
PT J
AU Langridge, JM
Richardson, MS
Lack, DA
Murphy, DM
AF Langridge, Justin M.
Richardson, Mathews S.
Lack, Daniel A.
Murphy, Daniel M.
TI Experimental evidence supporting the insensitivity of cloud droplet
formation to the mass accommodation coefficient for condensation of
water vapor to liquid water
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROSOL LIGHT-ABSORPTION; KINETIC LIMITATIONS; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY;
EVAPORATION; GROWTH; HYGROSCOPICITY; INSTRUMENT; ACTIVATION; TRANSITION;
AIRCRAFT
AB The mass accommodation coefficient for uptake of water vapor to liquid water, a(M), has been constrained using photoacoustic measurements of aqueous absorbing aerosol. Measurements performed over a range of relative humidities and pressures were compared to detailed model calculations treating coupled heat and mass transfer occurring during photoacoustic laser heating cycles. The strengths and weaknesses of this technique are very different to those for droplet growth/evaporation experiments that have typically been applied to these measurements, making this a useful complement to existing studies. Our measurements provide robust evidence that a(M) is greater than 0.1 for all humidities tested and greater than 0.3 for data obtained at relative humidities greater than 88% where the aerosol surface was most like pure water. These values of a(M) are above the threshold at which kinetic limitations are expected to impact the activation and growth of aerosol particles in warm cloud formation.
C1 [Langridge, Justin M.] Met Off, Observat Based Res, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Richardson, Mathews S.; Lack, Daniel A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Richardson, Mathews S.; Lack, Daniel A.; Murphy, Daniel M.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Langridge, JM (reprint author), Met Off, Observat Based Res, Exeter, Devon, England.
EM justin.langridge@metoffice.gov.uk
RI Murphy, Daniel/J-4357-2012; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Murphy, Daniel/0000-0002-8091-7235;
FU NOAA
FX We would like to thank Chuck Brock for assistance in setting up aerosol
generation and sizing equipment and for numerous useful discussions
related to this work. This work was supported through NOAA climate
funding. The experimental data needed to reproduce article figures are
available from the authors upon request
(justin.langridge@metoffice.gov.uk).
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUN 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 12
BP 6650
EP 6656
DI 10.1002/2016GL069328
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DS6RN
UT WOS:000380910100089
ER
PT J
AU Schwarz, K
Xu, BJ
Yan, YS
Sundararaman, R
AF Schwarz, Kathleen
Xu, Bingjun
Yan, Yushan
Sundararaman, Ravishankar
TI Partial oxidation of step-bound water leads to anomalous pH effects on
metal electrode step-edges
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; PARTIAL CHARGE-TRANSFER; PLATINUM-GROUP
METALS; ELECTROSORPTION VALENCY; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; DOUBLE-LAYER;
ADSORPTION; SURFACE; PT(111); DISSOCIATION
AB The design of better heterogeneous catalysts for applications such as fuel cells and electrolyzers requires a mechanistic understanding of electrocatalytic reactions and the dependence of their activity on operating conditions such as pH. A satisfactory explanation for the unexpected pH dependence of electrochemical properties of platinum surfaces has so far remained elusive, with previous explanations resorting to complex co-adsorption of multiple species and resulting in limited predictive power. This knowledge gap suggests that the fundamental properties of these catalysts are not yet understood, limiting systematic improvement. Here, we analyze the change in charge and free energies upon adsorption using density-functional theory (DFT) to establish that water adsorbs on platinum step edges across a wide voltage range, including the double-layer region, with a loss of approximately 0.2 electrons upon adsorption. We show how this as-yet unreported change in net surface charge due to this water explains the anomalous pH variations of the hydrogen underpotential deposition (H-upd) and the potentials of zero total charge (PZTC) observed in published experimental data. This partial oxidation of water is not limited to platinum metal step edges, and we report the charge of the water on metal step edges of commonly used catalytic metals, including copper, silver, iridium, and palladium, illustrating that this partial oxidation of water broadly influences the reactivity of metal electrodes.
C1 [Schwarz, Kathleen] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Xu, Bingjun; Yan, Yushan] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 150 Acad St, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Sundararaman, Ravishankar] CALTECH, Joint Ctr Artificial Photosynth, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Schwarz, K (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kas4@nist.gov
RI Sundararaman, Ravishankar/F-6998-2015
OI Sundararaman, Ravishankar/0000-0002-0625-4592
FU Joint Center of Artificial Photosynthesis, a DOE Energy Innovation Hub
through the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-SC0004993]
FX KAS thanks T. P. Moffat for helpful discussions. RS was supported by the
Joint Center of Artificial Photosynthesis, a DOE Energy Innovation Hub,
supported through the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Award Number DE-SC0004993.
NR 50
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U1 7
U2 14
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
EI 1463-9084
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PD JUN 28
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 24
BP 16216
EP 16223
DI 10.1039/c6cp01652a
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DS8TS
UT WOS:000381056500019
PM 27250359
ER
PT J
AU Guo, CH
Lee, Y
Lin, YH
Strzalka, J
Wang, C
Hexemer, A
Jaye, C
Fischer, DA
Verduzco, R
Wang, Q
Gomez, ED
AF Guo, Changhe
Lee, Youngmin
Lin, Yen-Hao
Strzalka, Joseph
Wang, Cheng
Hexemer, Alexander
Jaye, Chemo
Fischer, Daniel A.
Verduzco, Rafael
Wang, Qing
Gomez, Enrique D.
TI Photovoltaic Performance of Block Copolymer Devices Is Independent of
the Crystalline Texture in the Active Layer
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; FIELD-EFFECT MOBILITY; X-RAY-SCATTERING;
THIN-FILMS; MOLECULAR-ORIENTATION; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; ORGANIC
PHOTOVOLTAICS; MORPHOLOGY CONTROL; REGIOREGULAR POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE);
HETEROJUNCTION
AB The electronic properties of organic semiconductors are strongly influenced by intermolecular packing. When cast as thin films, crystalline pi-conjugated molecules are strongly textured, potentially leading to anisotropic charge transport. Consequently, it is hypothesized that the orientation of crystallites in the active layer plays an important role in charge extraction and organic photovoltaic device performance. Here we demonstrate orientation control of molecular packing from mostly face-on to edge-on configurations in the active layer of P3HT-b-PFTBT block copolymer photovoltaics using 1-chloronaphthalene as a solvent additive. The effect of molecular orientations in P3HT crystals on charge transport and solar cell performance is examined. We find that optimized photovoltaic device performance is independent of the crystalline texture of P3HT. Our observations provide further insights into the molecular organization required for efficient charge transport and overall device efficiencies. The dominant crystal orientation, whether face-on or edge-on, is not critical to block copolymer solar cells. Instead, a broad distribution of crystallite orientations ensures pathways for charge transport in any direction and enables efficient charge extraction in photovoltaic devices.
C1 [Guo, Changhe; Lee, Youngmin; Gomez, Enrique D.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Gomez, Enrique D.] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Wang, Qing] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Lin, Yen-Hao; Verduzco, Rafael] Rice Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Strzalka, Joseph] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Wang, Cheng; Hexemer, Alexander] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Jaye, Chemo; Fischer, Daniel A.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gomez, ED (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Gomez, ED (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM edg12@psu.edu
RI Wang, Cheng/A-9815-2014
FU Office of Naval Research [N000141410532]; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; DOE Office of
Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Financial support from the Office of Naval Research under Grant
N000141410532 is gratefully acknowledged. The Advanced Light Source is
an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of
Energy Office of Science by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and is
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231. Use of the NSLS is supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886. This research used resources of the Advanced
Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User
Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National
Laboratory under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 77
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
EI 1520-5835
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JUN 28
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 12
BP 4599
EP 4608
DI 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00370
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DQ1PP
UT WOS:000378973200022
ER
PT J
AU Tartakovskaya, EV
Pardavi-Horvath, M
McMichael, RD
AF Tartakovskaya, Elena V.
Pardavi-Horvath, Martha
McMichael, Robert D.
TI Spin-wave localization in tangentially magnetized films
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID DOT ARRAYS
AB We present an analytical description of localized spin-wave modes that form in a parabolic field minimum in a thin ferromagnetic film. Mode profiles proportional to Hermite functions are eigenfuctions of the applied field and exchange parts of the equations of motion, and also provide a basis for numerical approximation of magnetostatic interactions. We find that the spin-wave modes are roughly equally spaced in frequency and have roughly equal coupling to a uniform driving field. The calculated mode frequencies and corresponding profiles of localized spin-wave modes are in good agreement with micromagnetic modeling and previously published experimental results on multiple resonances from a series of localized modes detected by ferromagnetic resonance force microscopy.
C1 [Tartakovskaya, Elena V.] Inst Magnetism NAS Ukraine, Vernadsky Blvd 36b, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Tartakovskaya, Elena V.] Taras Shevchenko Natl Univ Kiev, Inst High Technol, UA-03022 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Pardavi-Horvath, Martha] George Washington Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[McMichael, Robert D.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tartakovskaya, EV (reprint author), Inst Magnetism NAS Ukraine, Vernadsky Blvd 36b, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine.; Tartakovskaya, EV (reprint author), Taras Shevchenko Natl Univ Kiev, Inst High Technol, UA-03022 Kiev, Ukraine.
EM olena.tartakivska@gmail.com; rmcmichael@nist.gov
FU Fulbright Program in Ukraine
FX One of the authors (E.V.T.) appreciates the Fulbright Program in Ukraine
for the financial support of this work. She is grateful to colleagues at
NIST, Julie Borchers, Brian Kirby, Kathryn Krycka, and Alex Grutter for
fruitful discussions and hospitality.
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUN 28
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 21
AR 214436
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.214436
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DP9IB
UT WOS:000378808800002
ER
PT J
AU Stock, C
Rodriguez, EE
Lee, N
Green, MA
Demmel, F
Ewings, RA
Fouquet, P
Laver, M
Niedermayer, C
Su, Y
Nemkovski, K
Rodriguez-Rivera, JA
Cheong, SW
AF Stock, C.
Rodriguez, E. E.
Lee, N.
Green, M. A.
Demmel, F.
Ewings, R. A.
Fouquet, P.
Laver, M.
Niedermayer, Ch.
Su, Y.
Nemkovski, K.
Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.
Cheong, S. -W.
TI Solitary Magnons in the S=5/2 Antiferromagnet CaFe2O4
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTRINSIC LOCALIZED MODES; FIELD ISING-MODEL; DISCRETE BREATHERS;
NONLINEAR LATTICES; CALCIUM FERRITE; SOLITONS; DIFFRACTION; SYSTEMS;
ORDER; CHAIN
AB CaFe2O4 is a S = 5/2 anisotropic antiferromagnet based upon zig-zag chains having two competing magnetic structures, denoted as the A (up arrow up arrow down arrow down arrow) and B (up arrow down arrow up arrow down arrow) phases, which differ by the c-axis stacking of ferromagnetic stripes. We apply neutron scattering to demonstrate that the competing A and B phase order parameters result in magnetic antiphase boundaries along c which freeze on the time scale of similar to 1 ns at the onset of magnetic order at 200 K. Using high resolution neutron spectroscopy, we find quantized spin wave levels and measure 9 such excitations localized in regions similar to 1-2 c-axis lattice constants in size. We discuss these in the context of solitary magnons predicted to exist in anisotropic systems. The magnetic anisotropy affords both competing A + B orders as well as localization of spin excitations in a classical magnet.
C1 [Stock, C.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Stock, C.] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Sci Extreme Condit, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Rodriguez, E. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Lee, N.; Cheong, S. -W.] Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Ctr Emergent Mat, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Lee, N.; Cheong, S. -W.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Green, M. A.] Univ Kent, Sch Phys Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England.
[Demmel, F.; Ewings, R. A.] Rutherford Appleton Labs, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Fouquet, P.] Inst Laue Langevin, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz,Boite Postale 156, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France.
[Laver, M.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Met & Mat, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Niedermayer, Ch.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Neutron Scattering Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Su, Y.; Nemkovski, K.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich Ctr Neuton Sci, Outstn MLZ, Lichtenbergstr 1, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
[Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Stock, C (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, Midlothian, Scotland.; Stock, C (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Sci Extreme Condit, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, Midlothian, Scotland.
RI Fouquet, Peter/B-5212-2008; Su, Yixi/K-9119-2013; Rodriguez-Rivera,
Jose/A-4872-2013;
OI Fouquet, Peter/0000-0002-5542-0059; Su, Yixi/0000-0001-8434-1758;
Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose/0000-0002-8633-8314; Nemkovski,
Kirill/0000-0001-7752-4927
FU EPSRC; Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland; Royal Society of
London; Royal Society of Edinburgh; STFC; EU-NMI3; NSF [DMR-1508249];
Swiss spallation neutron source (SINQ) (Paul Scherrer Institute,
Villigen, Switzerland); DOE [DE-FG02-07ER46382]
FX This work was supported by the EPSRC, Carnegie Trust for the
Universities of Scotland, Royal Society of London, Royal Society of
Edinburgh, STFC, EU-NMI3, NSF (No. DMR-1508249), and the Swiss
spallation neutron source (SINQ) (Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen,
Switzerland). The work at Rutgers University was supported by the DOE
under Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46382.
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 15
U2 27
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUN 28
PY 2016
VL 117
IS 1
AR 017201
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.017201
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DQ0HB
UT WOS:000378878700007
PM 27419585
ER
PT J
AU Wenger, AS
Whinney, J
Taylor, B
Kroon, F
AF Wenger, Amelia S.
Whinney, James
Taylor, Brett
Kroon, Frederieke
TI The impact of individual and combined abiotic factors on daily otolith
growth in a coral reef fish
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MARINE FISH; SETTLEMENT-MARKS;
TEMPERATURE; DAMSELFISH; INCREMENTS; ECOSYSTEMS; STRESSORS; PATTERNS
AB Coral reefs are increasingly subjected to both local and global stressors, however, there is limited information on how reef organisms respond to their combined effects under natural conditions. This field study examined the growth response of the damselfish Neopomacentrus bankieri to the individual and combined effects of multiple abiotic factors. Turbidity, temperature, tidal movement, and wave action were recorded every 10 minutes for four months, after which the daily otolith growth of N. bankieri was aligned with corresponding abiotic conditions. Temperature was the only significant driver of daily otolith increment width, with increasing temperatures resulting in decreasing width. Although tidal movement was not a significant driver of increment width by itself, the combined effect of tidal movement and temperature had a greater negative effect on growth than temperature alone. Our results indicate that temperature can drive changes in growth even at very fine scales, and demonstrate that the cumulative impact of abiotic factors can be substantially greater than individual effects. As abiotic factors continue to change in intensity and duration, the combined impacts of them will become increasingly important drivers of physiological and ecological change.
C1 [Wenger, Amelia S.] James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Whinney, James] James Cook Univ, Coll Sci Technol & Engn, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Taylor, Brett] NOAA Fisheries, 1845 Wasp Blvd,Bldg 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Kroon, Frederieke] Australian Inst Marine Sci, PMB 3, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
RP Wenger, AS (reprint author), James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
EM amelia.wenger@gmail.com
RI Kroon, Frederieke/G-1072-2010;
OI Kroon, Frederieke/0000-0001-8771-6543; Taylor, Brett/0000-0002-4746-7228
FU CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country Flagship Fellowship
FX All collections were approved by the James Cook University Animal Ethics
Committee, approval number A1932. This study was funded by a CSIRO Water
for a Healthy Country Flagship Fellowship award to A.S.W. The authors
thank K.B., A.G., A.H., T.H., C.M. and T.S. for field assistance and
J.O. for statistical advice. The authors are grateful to P.R., who lent
his nephelometers to us.
NR 74
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U1 5
U2 10
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUN 28
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 28875
DI 10.1038/srep28875
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DP8FQ
UT WOS:000378733900001
PM 27350589
ER
PT J
AU Kfir, O
Grychtol, P
Turgut, E
Knut, R
Zusin, D
Fleischer, A
Bordo, E
Fan, TT
Popmintchev, D
Popmintchev, T
Kapteyn, H
Murnane, M
Cohen, O
AF Kfir, Ofer
Grychtol, Patrik
Turgut, Emrah
Knut, Ronny
Zusin, Dmitriy
Fleischer, Avner
Bordo, Eliyahu
Fan, Tingting
Popmintchev, Dimitar
Popmintchev, Tenio
Kapteyn, Henry
Murnane, Margaret
Cohen, Oren
TI Helicity-selective phase-matching and quasi-phase matching of circularly
polarized high-order harmonics: towards chiral attosecond pulses
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE circularly polarized high harmonic generation; phase matching; ultrafast
chiral physics; attosecond pulses
ID TUNNELING IONIZATION; GENERATION; LASER; FIELD; SOFT; SPECTROSCOPY;
TIMESCALE; DYNAMICS; MODEL
AB Phase matching of circularly polarized high-order harmonics driven by counter-rotating bichromatic lasers was recently predicted theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. In that work, phase matching was analyzed by assuming that the total energy, spin angular momentum and linear momentum of the photons participating in the process are conserved. Here we propose a new perspective on phase matching of circularly polarized high harmonics. We derive an extended phase matching condition by requiring a new propagation matching condition between the classical vectorial bi-chromatic laser pump and harmonics fields. This allows us to include the influence of the laser pulse envelopes on phase matching. We find that the helicity dependent phase matching facilitates generation of high harmonics beams with a high degree of chirality. Indeed, we present an experimentally measured chiral spectrum that can support a train of attosecond pulses with a high degree of circular polarization. Moreover, while the degree of circularity of the most intense pulse approaches unity, all other pulses exhibit reduced circularity. This feature suggests the possibility of using a train of attosecond pulses as an isolated attosecond probe for chiral-sensitive experiments.
C1 [Kfir, Ofer; Fleischer, Avner; Bordo, Eliyahu; Cohen, Oren] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Inst Solid State, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.
[Kfir, Ofer; Fleischer, Avner; Bordo, Eliyahu; Cohen, Oren] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.
[Grychtol, Patrik; Turgut, Emrah; Knut, Ronny; Zusin, Dmitriy; Fan, Tingting; Popmintchev, Dimitar; Popmintchev, Tenio; Kapteyn, Henry; Murnane, Margaret] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Grychtol, Patrik; Turgut, Emrah; Knut, Ronny; Zusin, Dmitriy; Fan, Tingting; Popmintchev, Dimitar; Popmintchev, Tenio; Kapteyn, Henry; Murnane, Margaret] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Grychtol, Patrik; Turgut, Emrah; Knut, Ronny; Zusin, Dmitriy; Fan, Tingting; Popmintchev, Dimitar; Popmintchev, Tenio; Kapteyn, Henry; Murnane, Margaret] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fleischer, Avner] Ort Braude Coll, Dept Phys & Opt Engn, IL-21982 Karmiel, Israel.
RP Kfir, O; Cohen, O (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Inst Solid State, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.; Kfir, O; Cohen, O (reprint author), Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel.
EM ofertx@technion.ac.il; oren@technion.ac.il
RI Popmintchev, Tenio/B-6715-2008; Fleischer, Avner/D-1649-2017
OI Popmintchev, Tenio/0000-0002-2023-2226;
FU USA-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF); Israel Science
Foundation [1225/14]; Israeli Center of Research Excellence 'Circle of
Light' - I-CORE Program of the Planning and Budgeting Committee; Israel
Science Foundation; Wolfson foundation; DOE x-ray Scattering Program
Award [DE-SC0002002]; AFOSR DURIP Award [FA2386-12-1-3003]; Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft [GR 4234/1-1]
FX This work was supported by the USA-Israel Binational Science Foundation
(BSF). The Technion group was supported by the Israel Science Foundation
(grant no. 1225/14), the Israeli Center of Research Excellence 'Circle
of Light' supported by the I-CORE Program of the Planning and Budgeting
Committee and the Israel Science Foundation, and the Wolfson foundation.
The JILA authors also gratefully acknowledge support from the DOE x-ray
Scattering Program Award DE-SC0002002, and an AFOSR DURIP Award
FA2386-12-1-3003. PG acknowledges support from the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (no. GR 4234/1-1).
NR 72
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U1 3
U2 13
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-4075
EI 1361-6455
J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT
JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys.
PD JUN 28
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 12
AR 123501
DI 10.1088/0953-4075/49/12/123501
PG 12
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DN0XK
UT WOS:000376790200001
ER
PT J
AU Curry, JJ
Levine, ZH
AF Curry, J. J.
Levine, Zachary H.
TI Continuous-feed optical sorting of aerosol particles
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-BEAM; MANIPULATION; FORCE; WAVE; NANOPARTICLES; SEPARATION;
SCATTERING; DROPLETS; TRAPS; MODEL
AB We consider the problem of sorting, by size, spherical particles of order 100 nm radius. The scheme we analyze consists of a heterogeneous stream of spherical particles flowing at an oblique angle across an optical Gaussian mode standing wave. Sorting is achieved by the combined spatial and size dependencies of the optical force. Particles of all sizes enter the flow at a point, but exit at different locations depending on size. Exiting particles may be detected optically or separated for further processing. The scheme has the advantages of accommodating a high throughput, producing a continuous stream of continuously dispersed particles, and exhibiting excellent size resolution. We performed detailed Monte Carlo simulations of particle trajectories through the optical field under the influence of convective air flow. We also developed a method for deriving effective velocities and diffusion constants from the Fokker-Planck equation that can generate equivalent results much more quickly. With an optical wavelength of 1064 nm, polystyrene particles with radii in the neighborhood of 275 nm, for which the optical force vanishes, may be sorted with a resolution below 1 nm.
C1 [Curry, J. J.; Levine, Zachary H.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Curry, JJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jjcurry@nist.gov
NR 53
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUN 27
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 13
BP 14100
EP 14123
DI 10.1364/OE.24.014100
PG 24
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DT8RF
UT WOS:000381759800037
PM 27410570
ER
PT J
AU Loh, W
Hummon, MT
Leopardi, HF
Fortier, TM
Quinlan, F
Kitching, J
Papp, SB
Diddams, SA
AF Loh, William
Hummon, Matthew T.
Leopardi, Holly F.
Fortier, Tara M.
Quinlan, Frank
Kitching, John
Papp, Scott B.
Diddams, Scott A.
TI Microresonator Brillouin laser stabilization using a microfabricated
rubidium cell
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL FREQUENCY COMBS; GALLERY MODE RESONATOR; SEMICONDUCTOR-LASER;
RAMAN LASER; CHIP; MICROCAVITY; COMPACT; SILICON; NOISE; GENERATION
AB We frequency stabilize the output of a miniature stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) laser to rubidium atoms in a microfabricated cell to realize a laser system with frequency stability at the 10(-11) level over seven decades in averaging time. In addition, our system has the advantages of robustness, low cost and the potential for integration that would lead to still further miniaturization. The SBS laser operating at 1560 nm exhibits a spectral linewidth of 820 Hz, but its frequency drifts over a few MHz on the 1 hour timescale. By locking the second harmonic of the SBS laser to the Rb reference, we reduce this drift by a factor of 10(3) to the level of a few kHz over the course of an hour. For our combined SBS and Rb laser system, we measure a frequency noise of 4 x 10(4) Hz(2)/Hz at 10 Hz offset frequency which rapidly rolls off to a level of 0.2 Hz(2)/Hz at 100 kHz offset. The corresponding Allan deviation is <= 2 x 10(-11) for averaging times spanning 10(-4) to 10(3) s. By optically dividing the signal of the laser down to microwave frequencies, we generate an RF signal at 2 GHz with phase noise at the level of -76 dBc/Hz and -140 dBc/Hz at offset frequencies of 10 Hz and 10 kHz, respectively. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Loh, William; Hummon, Matthew T.; Leopardi, Holly F.; Fortier, Tara M.; Quinlan, Frank; Kitching, John; Papp, Scott B.; Diddams, Scott A.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Loh, William] MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
RP Diddams, SA (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Scott.Diddams@nist.gov
FU NIST; DARPA PULSE Program; NRC/NAS
FX We thank Wei Zhang and Roger Brown for their valuable comments on this
manuscript. We thank Susan Schima for fabrication help. This work was
funded by NIST and the DARPA PULSE Program. WL acknowledges support from
the NRC/NAS. This work is a contribution of the US Government and is not
subject to copyright in the US. Mention of specific trade names is for
technical information only and does not constitute an endorsement by
NIST.
NR 53
TC 0
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U1 7
U2 7
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUN 27
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 13
BP 14513
EP 14524
DI 10.1364/OE.24.014513
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DT8RF
UT WOS:000381759800071
PM 27410604
ER
PT J
AU Attota, RK
Kang, H
AF Attota, Ravi Kiran
Kang, Hyeonggon
TI Parameter optimization for through-focus scanning optical microscopy
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID RECONSTRUCTION; METROLOGY; RESOLUTION; IMAGES; TSOM
AB It is important to economically and non-destructively analyze three-dimensional (3-D) shapes of nanometer to micrometer scale objects with sub-nanometer measurement resolution for emerging high-volume nanomanufacturing, especially for process control. High-throughput through-focus scanning optical microscopy (TSOM) demonstrates promise for such applications. TSOM uses a conventional optical microscope for 3-D shape metrology by making use of the complete set of through- focus, four-dimensional optical data. However, a systematic study showing the effect of various parameters on the TSOM method is lacking. Here we present the optimization of the basic parameters such as illumination numerical aperture (NA), collection NA, focus step height, digital camera pixel size, illumination polarization, and illumination wavelength to achieve peak performance of the TSOM method.
C1 [Attota, Ravi Kiran] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Div Engn Phys, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kang, Hyeonggon] Coppin State Univ, Ctr Sci & Technol, Ctr Nanotechnol, Dept Nat Sci, 2500 W North Ave, Baltimore, MD 21216 USA.
RP Attota, RK (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Div Engn Phys, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Ravikiran.Attota@nist.gov
NR 52
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U1 4
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUN 27
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 13
BP 14915
EP 14924
DI 10.1364/OE.24.014915
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DT8RF
UT WOS:000381759800109
PM 27410642
ER
PT J
AU Balaguru, K
Leung, LR
Lu, J
Foltz, GR
AF Balaguru, Karthik
Leung, L. Ruby
Lu, Jian
Foltz, Gregory R.
TI Ameridional dipole in premonsoon Bay of Bengal tropical cyclone activity
induced by ENSO
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; INDIAN MONSOON;
INTENSITY; INTENSIFICATION; SIMULATION; DYNAMICS; MYANMAR
AB Analysis of Bay of Bengal tropical cyclone (TC) track data for the months of May-June during 1979-2014 reveals a meridional dipole in TC intensification: TC intensification rates increased significantly in the northern region and decreased in the southern region. The dipole is consistent with changes in the large-scale TC environment estimated using the Genesis Potential Index (GPI) for the same period. While an increase in lower troposphere cyclonic vorticity and midtroposphere humidity in the northern Bay of Bengal made the environment more favorable for TC intensification, enhanced vertical wind shear in the southern Bay of Bengal tended to reduce TC development. These environmental changes were associated with a strengthening of the monsoon circulation for the months of May-June, driven by a La Nina-like shift in tropical Pacific SSTs and associated tropical wave dynamics. Finally, analysis of a suite of climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 archive shows that most models correctly reproduce the link between ENSO and premonsoon Bay of Bengal TC activity at interannual timescales, demonstrating the robustness of our main conclusions.
C1 [Balaguru, Karthik] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
[Leung, L. Ruby; Lu, Jian] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Foltz, Gregory R.] Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Phys Oceanog Div, Miami, FL USA.
RP Balaguru, K (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
EM Karthik.Balaguru@pnnl.gov
RI Foltz, Gregory/B-8710-2011
OI Foltz, Gregory/0000-0003-0050-042X
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science Biological and
Environmental Research; DOE [DE-AC05-76RL01830]
FX This research is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE) Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research as
part of the Regional and Global Climate Modeling program. The Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory is operated for DOE by Battelle Memorial
Institute under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830. G.F. was funded by base
funds to NOAA/AOML's Physical Oceanography Division. All data used to
produce the results of this paper are freely available from the URLs
supplied in section 2.
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUN 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 12
BP 6954
EP 6968
DI 10.1002/2016JD024936
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT6YU
UT WOS:000381631800016
ER
PT J
AU Yu, PF
Toon, OB
Bardeen, CG
Bucholtz, A
Rosenlof, KH
Saide, PE
Da Silva, A
Ziemba, LD
Thornhill, KL
Jimenez, JL
Campuzano-Jost, P
Schwarz, JP
Perring, AE
Froyd, KD
Wagner, NL
Mills, MJ
Reid, JS
AF Yu, Pengfei
Toon, Owen B.
Bardeen, Charles G.
Bucholtz, Anthony
Rosenlof, Karen H.
Saide, Pablo E.
Da Silva, Arlindo
Ziemba, Luke D.
Thornhill, Kenneth L.
Jimenez, Jose-Luis
Campuzano-Jost, Pedro
Schwarz, Joshua P.
Perring, Anne E.
Froyd, Karl D.
Wagner, N. L.
Mills, Michael J.
Reid, Jeffrey S.
TI Surface dimming by the 2013 Rim Fire simulated by a sectional aerosol
model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC AEROSOL; SMOKE; EMISSIONS; EVOLUTION;
AIRCRAFT; CARBON; CLOUDS
AB The Rim Fire of 2013, the third largest area burned by fire recorded in California history, is simulated by a climate model coupled with a size-resolved aerosol model. Modeled aerosol mass, number, and particle size distribution are within variability of data obtained from multiple-airborne in situ measurements. Simulations suggest that Rim Fire smoke may block 4-6% of sunlight energy reaching the surface, with a dimming efficiency around 120-150Wm(-2) per unit aerosol optical depth in the midvisible at13:00-15:00 local time. Underestimation of simulated smoke single scattering albedo at midvisible by 0.04 suggests that the model overestimates either the particle size or the absorption due to black carbon. This study shows that exceptional events like the 2013 Rim Fire can be simulated by a climate model with 1 degrees resolution with overall good skill, although that resolution is still not sufficient to resolve the smoke peak near the source region.
C1 [Yu, Pengfei; Toon, Owen B.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Yu, Pengfei; Toon, Owen B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Yu, Pengfei; Jimenez, Jose-Luis; Campuzano-Jost, Pedro; Schwarz, Joshua P.; Perring, Anne E.; Froyd, Karl D.; Wagner, N. L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Yu, Pengfei; Rosenlof, Karen H.; Schwarz, Joshua P.; Perring, Anne E.; Froyd, Karl D.; Wagner, N. L.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Bardeen, Charles G.; Mills, Michael J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Atmospher Chem Observat & Modeling Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Bucholtz, Anthony; Reid, Jeffrey S.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Saide, Pablo E.] Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA USA.
[Da Silva, Arlindo] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Ziemba, Luke D.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Thornhill, Kenneth L.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA.
[Jimenez, Jose-Luis; Campuzano-Jost, Pedro] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Yu, PF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Yu, PF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Yu, PF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Yu, PF (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
EM pengfei.yu@colorado.edu
RI Rosenlof, Karen/B-5652-2008; Perring, Anne/G-4597-2013; Reid,
Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; schwarz,
joshua/G-4556-2013; Yu, Pengfei/S-4596-2016; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Rosenlof, Karen/0000-0002-0903-8270; Perring, Anne/0000-0003-2231-7503;
Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847;
schwarz, joshua/0000-0002-9123-2223; Yu, Pengfei/0000-0002-2774-1058;
FU National Science Foundation; Office of Science (BER) of the U.S.
Department of Energy; National Science Foundation [CNS-0821794]; NASA
[NNX12AC03G, NNX15AT96G, NNX12AB78G, NNX12AC64G, NNX14AR56G]
FX The CESM project is supported by the National Science Foundation and the
Office of Science (BER) of the U.S. Department of Energy. Computing
resources (ark:/85065/d7wd3xhc) were provided by the Climate Simulation
Laboratory at NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory,
sponsored by the National Science Foundation and other agencies. This
work also utilized the Janus supercomputer, which is supported by the
National Science Foundation (award CNS-0821794), the University of
Colorado Boulder, the University of Colorado Denver, and the National
Center for Atmospheric Research. The Janus supercomputer is operated by
the University of Colorado Boulder. P.C.J. and J.L.J. were supported by
NASA NNX12AC03G and NNX15AT96G. P.E.S. was supported by NASA grant
NNX12AB78G. P.Y. and O.B.T. were supported by NASA awards NNX12AC64G and
NNX14AR56G. The data used in this study are publicly available at NASA
data achieve http://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/missions/seac4rs/index.html.
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUN 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 12
BP 7079
EP 7087
DI 10.1002/2015JD024702
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT6YU
UT WOS:000381631800023
PM 27867782
ER
PT J
AU Denjean, C
Formenti, P
Desboeufs, K
Chevaillier, S
Triquet, S
Maille, M
Cazaunau, M
Laurent, B
Mayol-Bracero, OL
Vallejo, P
Quinones, M
Gutierrez-Molina, IE
Cassola, F
Prati, P
Andrews, E
Ogren, J
AF Denjean, Cyrielle
Formenti, Paola
Desboeufs, Karine
Chevaillier, Servanne
Triquet, Sylvain
Maille, Michel
Cazaunau, Mathieu
Laurent, Benoit
Mayol-Bracero, Olga L.
Vallejo, Pamela
Quinones, Mariana
Gutierrez-Molina, Ian E.
Cassola, Federico
Prati, Paolo
Andrews, Elisabeth
Ogren, John
TI Size distribution and optical properties of African mineral dust after
intercontinental transport
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY; FILTER-BASED MEASUREMENTS; VISIBLE-LIGHT
ABSORPTION; MONTANE CLOUD FOREST; SAHARAN DUST; PUERTO-RICO;
REFRACTIVE-INDEX; SAMUM 2006; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; RADIATIVE
PROPERTIES
AB The transatlantic transport of mineral dust from Africa is a persistent atmospheric phenomenon, clue for understanding the impacts of dust at the global scale. As part of the DUST Aging and Transport from Africa to the Caribbean (Dust-ATTACk) intensive field campaign, the size distribution and optical properties of mineral dust were measured in June-July 2012 on the east coast of Puerto Rico, more than 5000 km from the west coast of Africa. During the recorded dust events, the PM10 (particulate matter 10 micrometers or less in diameter) concentrations increased from 20 to 70 mu gm(-3). Remote sensing observations and modeling analysis were used to identify the main source regions, which were found in the Western Sahara, Mauritania, Algeria, Niger, and Mali. The microphysical and optical properties of the dust plumes were almost independent of origin. The size distribution of mineral dust after long-range transport may have modal diameters similar to those on the eastern side of the Atlantic short time after emission, possibly depending on height of transport. Additional submicron particles of anthropogenic absorbing aerosols (likely from regional marine traffic activities) can be mixed within the dust plumes, without affecting in a significant way the PM10 absorption properties of dust observed in Puerto Rico. The Dust-ATTACk experimental data set may be useful for modeling the direct radiative effect of dust. For accurate representation of dust optical properties over the Atlantic remote marine region, we recommend mass extinction efficiency (MEE) and single- scattering albedo values in the range 1.1-.5m(2)g(-1) and 0.97-0.98, respectively, for visible wavelengths.
C1 [Denjean, Cyrielle; Formenti, Paola; Desboeufs, Karine; Chevaillier, Servanne; Triquet, Sylvain; Maille, Michel; Cazaunau, Mathieu; Laurent, Benoit] Univ Paris Est Creteil, UMR CNRS 7583, LISA, Creteil, France.
[Denjean, Cyrielle; Formenti, Paola; Desboeufs, Karine; Chevaillier, Servanne; Triquet, Sylvain; Maille, Michel; Cazaunau, Mathieu; Laurent, Benoit] Univ Paris Diderot, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, Creteil, France.
[Denjean, Cyrielle] Meteo France, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
[Mayol-Bracero, Olga L.; Vallejo, Pamela; Quinones, Mariana; Gutierrez-Molina, Ian E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Environm Sci, San Juan, PR 00936 USA.
[Cassola, Federico; Prati, Paolo] Univ Genoa, Dept Phys, Genoa, Italy.
[Cassola, Federico; Prati, Paolo] Univ Genoa, INFN, Genoa, Italy.
[Andrews, Elisabeth; Ogren, John] NOAA, ESRL Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Formenti, P (reprint author), Univ Paris Est Creteil, UMR CNRS 7583, LISA, Creteil, France.; Formenti, P (reprint author), Univ Paris Diderot, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, Creteil, France.
EM paola.formenti@lisa.u-pec.fr
FU Partner University Fund, a program of the French Embassy in the United
States; FACE Foundation; National Science Foundation [NSF GEO AGS
0936879]; Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies at the University of
Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras; International Institute of Tropical Forestry
USDA Forest Service
FX This project was funded by the Partner University Fund, a program of the
French Embassy in the United States, and the FACE Foundation, with
contributions from the National Science Foundation (NSF GEO AGS 0936879
grant), the Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies at the University
of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, and the International Institute of Tropical
Forestry USDA Forest Service, as part of the Luquillo Long-Term
Ecological Research Program. We thank the Conservation Trust of Puerto
Rico and their staff at the nature reserve of Cabezas de San Juan for
allowing the use of their facilities to perform our study. The optical
property data used in this paper are available from the WMO World Data
Center for aerosols (http://ebas.nilu.no/). The remaining data are
available from the DUST-MAP repository
(http://www.lisa.u-pec.fr/DustMAP/).
NR 99
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U1 9
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUN 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 12
BP 7117
EP 7138
DI 10.1002/2016JD024783
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT6YU
UT WOS:000381631800026
ER
PT J
AU Creamean, JM
Axson, JL
Bondy, AL
Craig, RL
May, NW
Shen, HR
Weber, MH
Pratt, KA
Ault, AP
AF Creamean, Jessie M.
Axson, Jessica L.
Bondy, Amy L.
Craig, Rebecca L.
May, Nathaniel W.
Shen, Hongru
Weber, Michael H.
Pratt, Kerri A.
Ault, Andrew P.
TI Changes in precipitating snow chemistry with location and elevation in
the California Sierra Nevada
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI; SPRAY AEROSOL-PARTICLES; MINERAL DUST
PARTICLES; HIGH-ALTITUDE SITE; NITRIC-ACID; OROGRAPHIC PRECIPITATION;
HETEROGENEOUS CHEMISTRY; INDIVIDUAL PARTICLES; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
PARTICULATE MATTER
AB Orographic snowfall in the Sierra Nevada Mountains is an important source of water for California and can vary significantly on an annual basis. The microphysical properties of orographic clouds and subsequent formation of precipitation are impacted, in part, by aerosols of varying size, number, and chemical composition, which are incorporated into clouds formed along the Sierra barrier. Herein, the physicochemical properties and sources of insoluble residues and soluble ions found in precipitation samples were explored for three sites of variable elevation in the Sierra Nevada during the 2012-2013 winter season. Residues were characterized using a suite of physicochemical techniques to determine the size-resolved number concentrations and associated chemical composition. A transition in the aerosol sources that served as cloud seeds or were scavenged in-cloud and below-cloud was observed as a function of location and elevation. Anthropogenic influence from the Central Valley was dominant at the two lowest elevation sites (1900 and 2200mabovemean sea level (AMSL)), whereas long-range transportedmineral dust was a larger contributor at the highest elevation site where cleaner conditions were observed (2600m AMSL). The residues and soluble ions observed provide insight into how multiple aerosol sources can impact cloud and precipitation formation processes, even over relatively small spatial scales. The transition with increasing elevation to aerosols that serve as ice nucleating particlesmay impact the properties and extent of snowfall in remotemountain regions where snowpack provides a vital supply of water.
C1 [Creamean, Jessie M.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Creamean, Jessie M.] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Axson, Jessica L.; Shen, Hongru; Ault, Andrew P.] Univ Michigan, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Bondy, Amy L.; Craig, Rebecca L.; May, Nathaniel W.; Weber, Michael H.; Pratt, Kerri A.; Ault, Andrew P.] Univ Michigan, Dept Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Pratt, Kerri A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Creamean, JM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Creamean, JM (reprint author), NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.; Ault, AP (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.; Ault, AP (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM jessie.creamean@colorado.edu; aulta@umich.edu
RI Pratt, Kerri/F-8025-2010; Ault, Andrew/E-4594-2011
OI Pratt, Kerri/0000-0003-4707-2290; Ault, Andrew/0000-0002-7313-8559
FU National Research Council; National Science Foundation (NSF)
[CHE-1062654]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Yosemite National Park Service
staff who helped with snow sample collection, particularly Katy Warner,
who organized collection at Yosemite, Rebecca Rising, and Rob and Laura
Pilewski. The authors would like to acknowledge Martin Philbert of the
School of Public Health at the University of Michigan, Andrew Maynard,
and Sonja Capracotta at Malvern Instrument in Westborough, Massachusetts
for use of the NanoSight (TM) LM10 instrument. The Michigan Center for
Materials Characterization (MC)2 at the University of
Michigan is acknowledged for assistance with electron microscopy. The
authors acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the
provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and READY
website (www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.php) used in this paper. We also thank
CARB for availability of particulate mass concentration measurements in
the CV and Yosemite. J. Creamean was partially funded by the National
Research Council Research Associate Program. Support for M. Weber was
provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Research Experience
for Undergraduates (REU) (CHE-1062654) at the University of
Michigan-Department of Chemistry. Data presented in this paper can be
obtained upon request by contacting one of the corresponding authors, J.
Creamean (jessie.creamean@noaa.gov) or A. Ault (aulta@umich.edu).
NR 86
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 9
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUN 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 12
BP 7296
EP 7309
DI 10.1002/2015JD024700
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DT6YU
UT WOS:000381631800035
ER
EF