FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Friend, DG
Bruno, TJ
Muzny, C
AF Friend, Daniel G.
Bruno, Thomas J.
Muzny, Chris
TI In Memoriam: William (Mickey) Haynes (1943 to 2016)
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Friend, Daniel G.; Bruno, Thomas J.; Muzny, Chris] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Friend, DG (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM daniel.friend@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
EI 1572-9567
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 37
IS 5
AR 54
DI 10.1007/s10765-016-2060-2
PG 5
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA DI7KV
UT WOS:000373679400008
ER
PT J
AU Baranov, YI
AF Baranov, Yu. I.
TI On the significant enhancement of the continuum-collision induced
absorption in H2O + CO2 mixtures
SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmospheric absorption; Water vapor IR spectra; Continuum absorption;
Collision induced absorption
ID CM(-1) SPECTRAL REGION; 4.3-MU-M BAND HEAD; WATER-VAPOR;
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; LINE-SHAPE; 363 K; CO2; O-2; N-2; MIXTURES
AB The IR spectra of water vapor-carbon dioxide mixtures as well as the spectra of pure gas samples have been recorded using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer at a resolution of 0.1 cm(-1) in order to explore the effect of colliding CO2 and H2O molecules on their continuum absorptions. The sample temperatures were 294, 311, 325 and 339 K. Measurements have been conducted at several different water vapor partial pressures depending on the cell temperature. Carbon dioxide pressures were kept close to the three values of 103, 207 and 311 kPa (1.02, 2.04 and 3.07 atm). The path length used in the study was 100 m. It was established that, in the region around 1100 cm(-1), the continuum absorption coefficient CH2O+CO2 is about 20 times stronger than the water-nitrogen continuum absorption coefficient CH2O+CO2 On the other hand, in the far wing region (2500 cm(-1)) of the nu(3) CO2 fundamental band, the binary absorption coefficient CCO2-H2O appears to be about one order of magnitude stronger than the absorption coefficient CCO2+CO2 in pure carbon dioxide. The continuum interpretation and the main problem of molecular band shape formation are discussed in light of these experimental facts. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Baranov, Yu. I.] NIST, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Baranov, Yu. I.] Inst Expt Meteorol, SPA Typhoon, 4 Pobedy St, Obninsk 249020, Kaluga Reg, Russia.
RP Baranov, YI (reprint author), NIST, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Baranov, YI (reprint author), Inst Expt Meteorol, SPA Typhoon, 4 Pobedy St, Obninsk 249020, Kaluga Reg, Russia.
FU Upper Atmospheric Research Program of NASA; Russian Foundation for Basic
Researches [15-05-00736, 13-05-00751]
FX The author acknowledges a support from the Upper Atmospheric Research
Program of NASA, and partial financial support from the Russian
Foundation for Basic Researches through Grants 15-05-00736 and
13-05-00751. He would like to thank the NIST Physics Laboratory
Management for the opportunity to carry out the reported research. The
author acknowledges Dr. W.J. Lafferty for revision of the manuscript and
for many suggestions and corrections. The author also addresses many
special thanks to Dr. J.T. Hougen for his help in experiments and
related discussions. The author thanks Dr. A.A. Vigasin for his interest
in this work and useful advises.
NR 23
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U1 3
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4073
EI 1879-1352
J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA
JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 175
BP 100
EP 106
DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.02.017
PG 7
WC Optics; Spectroscopy
SC Optics; Spectroscopy
GA DI5MG
UT WOS:000373542700010
ER
PT J
AU Alexandrov, MD
Cairns, B
Emde, C
Ackerman, AS
Ottaviani, M
Wasilewski, AP
AF Alexandrov, Mikhail D.
Cairns, Brian
Emde, Claudia
Ackerman, Andrew S.
Ottaviani, Matteo
Wasilewski, Andrzej P.
TI Derivation of cumulus cloud dimensions and shape from the airborne
measurements by the Research Scanning Polarimeter
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Cumulus clouds; Remote sensing; Cloud shape; Cloud dimensions
ID TOP HEIGHT; MISR; STEREO; RETRIEVAL; RECONSTRUCTION; GEOMETRY; IMPACT;
ASTER
AB The Research Scanning Polarimeter (RSP) is an airborne instrument, whose measurements have been extensively used for retrievals of microphysical properties of clouds. In this study we show that for cumulus clouds the information content of the RSP data can be extended by adding the macroscopic parameters of the cloud, such as its geometric shape, dimensions, and height above the ground. This extension is possible by virtue of the high angular resolution and high frequency of the RSP measurements, which allow for geometric constraint of the cloud's 2D cross section between a number of tangent lines of view. The retrieval method is tested on realistic 3D radiative transfer simulations and applied to actual RSP data. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Alexandrov, Mikhail D.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Alexandrov, Mikhail D.; Cairns, Brian; Ackerman, Andrew S.; Ottaviani, Matteo; Wasilewski, Andrzej P.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Emde, Claudia] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Meteorol Inst, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
[Ottaviani, Matteo] CUNY City Coll, CREST, Dept Elect Engn, NOAA, 160 Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Wasilewski, Andrzej P.] Trinnovim LLC, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
RP Alexandrov, MD (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM mda14@columbia.edu
RI Emde, Claudia/B-5447-2010;
OI Cairns, Brian/0000-0002-1980-1022
FU NASA Radiation Sciences Program; NASA HQ Science Mission
FX This research was supported by the NASA Radiation Sciences Program
managed by Hal Maring. We would like to acknowledge our gratitude to the
DEVOTE project team, the Research Services Directorate at NASA Langley
Research Center for supporting both King Air aircraft, and the HOPE
(Hands On Project Experience) Program co-funded though NASA HQ Science
Mission Directorate and Office of the Chief Engineer that enabled the
collection of the data used in this analysis. We would like to thank
four anonymous reviewers whose thoughtful comments helped us to
significantly improve the paper.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 177
BP 144
EP 152
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.032
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DI5PC
UT WOS:000373550100012
ER
PT J
AU Parson, W
Ballard, D
Budowle, B
Butler, JM
Gettings, KB
Gill, P
Gusmao, L
Hares, DR
Irwin, JA
King, JL
de Knijff, P
Morling, N
Prinz, M
Schneider, PM
Van Neste, C
Willuweit, S
Phillips, C
AF Parson, Walther
Ballard, David
Budowle, Bruce
Butler, John M.
Gettings, Katherine B.
Gill, Peter
Gusmao, Leonor
Hares, Douglas R.
Irwin, Jodi A.
King, Jonathan L.
de Knijff, Peter
Morling, Niels
Prinz, Mechthild
Schneider, Peter M.
Van Neste, Christophe
Willuweit, Sascha
Phillips, Christopher
TI Massively parallel sequencing of forensic STRs: Considerations of the
DNA commission of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG)
on minimal nomenclature requirements
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Massively parallel sequencing; MPS; Next generation sequencing; NGS;
Short tandem repeats; STRs; Nomenclature
ID TANDEM REPEAT LOCI; HUMAN MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; PROFILING GROUP EDNAP;
NEXT-GENERATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ALLELIC LADDER; GUIDELINES; PCR;
IDENTIFICATION; POLYMORPHISM
AB The DNA Commission of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG) is reviewing factors that need to be considered ahead of the adoption by the forensic community of short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping by massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technologies. MPS produces sequence data that provide a precise description of the repeat allele structure of a STR marker and variants that may reside in the flanking areas of the repeat region. When a STR contains a complex arrangement of repeat motifs, the level of genetic polymorphism revealed by the sequence data can increase substantially. As repeat structures can be complex and include substitutions, insertions, deletions, variable tandem repeat arrangements of multiple nucleotide motifs, and flanking region SNPs, established capillary electrophoresis (CE) allele descriptions must be supplemented by a new system of STR allele nomenclature, which retains backward compatibility with the CE data that currently populate national DNA databases and that will continue to be produced for the coming years. Thus, there is a pressing need to produce a standardized framework for describing complex sequences that enable comparison with currently used repeat allele nomenclature derived from conventional CE systems. It is important to discern three levels of information in hierarchical order (i) the sequence, (ii) the alignment, and (iii) the nomenclature of STR sequence data. We propose a sequence (text) string format the minimal requirement of data storage that laboratories should follow when adopting MPS of STRs. We further discuss the variant annotation and sequence comparison framework necessary to maintain compatibility among established and future data. This system must be easy to use and interpret by the DNA specialist, based on a universally accessible genome assembly, and in place before the uptake of MPS by the general forensic community starts to generate sequence data on a large scale. While the established nomenclature for CE-based STR analysis will remain unchanged in the future, the nomenclature of sequence-based STR genotypes will need to follow updated rules and be generated by expert systems that translate MPS sequences to match CE conventions in order to guarantee compatibility between the different generations of STR data. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Parson, Walther] Med Univ Innsbruck, Inst Legal Med, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Parson, Walther] Penn State Univ, Forens Sci Program, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Ballard, David] Kings Coll London, Fac Life Sci, London WC2R 2LS, England.
[Budowle, Bruce; King, Jonathan L.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Inst Appl Genet, Ft Worth, TX USA.
[Budowle, Bruce] King Abdulaziz Univ, CEGMR, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia.
[Butler, John M.; Gettings, Katherine B.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gill, Peter] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Forens Biol, Oslo, Norway.
[Gill, Peter] Univ Oslo, Dept Forens Med, Oslo, Norway.
[Gusmao, Leonor] State Univ Rio de Janeiro UERJ, DNA Diagnost Lab LDD, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Gusmao, Leonor] Univ Porto, Inst Mol Pathol & Immunol, IPATIMUP, Rua Campo Alegre 823, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal.
[Gusmao, Leonor] Univ Porto, Inst Invest & Inovacao Saude, Rua Campo Alegre 823, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal.
[Hares, Douglas R.; Irwin, Jodi A.] FBI Lab, Quantico, VA USA.
[de Knijff, Peter] Leiden Univ, Dept Human Genet, Med Ctr, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
[Morling, Niels] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Dept Forens Med, Sect Forens Genet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Prinz, Mechthild] CUNY John Jay Coll Criminal Justice, Dept Sci, New York, NY 10019 USA.
[Schneider, Peter M.] Univ Cologne, Inst Legal Med, Fac Med, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.
[Van Neste, Christophe] Univ Ghent, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Lab Pharmaceut Biotechnol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Willuweit, Sascha] Humboldt Univ, Inst Legal Med, D-10099 Berlin, Germany.
[Phillips, Christopher] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Inst Forens Sci, Forens Genet Unit, Galicia, Spain.
RP Parson, W (reprint author), Med Univ Innsbruck, Muellerstr 44, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
EM walther.parson@i-med.ac.at
RI Gusmao, Leonor/B-3122-2013;
OI Gusmao, Leonor/0000-0003-0432-6481; Van Neste,
Christophe/0000-0002-5958-5731
NR 47
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1872-4973
EI 1878-0326
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT-GEN
JI Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 22
BP 54
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.01.009
PG 10
WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Legal
SC Genetics & Heredity; Legal Medicine
GA DH3WX
UT WOS:000372718600017
PM 26844919
ER
PT J
AU Scheible, M
Just, R
Sturk-Andreaggi, K
Saunier, J
Parson, W
Parsons, T
Coble, M
Irwin, J
AF Scheible, M.
Just, R.
Sturk-Andreaggi, K.
Saunier, J.
Parson, W.
Parsons, T.
Coble, M.
Irwin, J.
TI The mitochondrial landscape of African Americans: An examination of more
than 2500 control region haplotypes from 22 US locations
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mitochondrial DNA; Control region; African American
ID GENETIC POPULATION-DATA; UNITED-STATES; HIGH-QUALITY; DNA; ANCESTRY;
SEQUENCES; ADMIXTURE; GUIDELINES; PUBLICATION; PROPORTIONS
AB The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region (16024-576) was Sanger-sequenced for a total of 2563 self-identified African Americans, using automated processing techniques and data review standards exceeding guidelines for forensic applications. Genetic diversity ranged from 0.9952 to 0.9998 in 22 population samples from 20 different states.
Haplogroups of African ancestry, found in 82.48% of individuals overall, were most concentrated in the Southeast U.S. and decreased to the north and west. West African and West Central African haplotypes were well-represented in the population samples, especially in the southern U.S. states, while East African haplogroups were observed in low-frequency clusters in a handful of locations across the country. East Asian, Native American, and West Eurasian admixture was present in 3.16%, 2.93%, and 11.43% of samples, respectively. While some geographic substructure was detected across the population samples as clines in admixture frequencies, 20 of the 22 population samples were found to be statistically indistinguishable by pairwise comparisons and AMOVA calculations. Datasets from Hawaii and Idaho, however, were clear outliers. Overall, these more than 2500 control region sequences represent the most comprehensive regional sampling of African American mtDNA diversity to date, and are suitable for use in a forensic mtDNA database. The population data are made available via EMPOP (www.empop.org) and GenBank. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Scheible, M.; Just, R.; Sturk-Andreaggi, K.; Saunier, J.; Parsons, T.; Coble, M.; Irwin, J.] Armed Forces DNA Identificat Lab, 115 Purple Heart Dr, Dover AFB, DE 19902 USA.
[Scheible, M.; Just, R.; Sturk-Andreaggi, K.; Saunier, J.; Parsons, T.; Coble, M.; Irwin, J.] Amer Registry Pathol, 9210 Corp Blvd,Suite 120, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Parson, W.] Med Univ Innsbruck, Inst Legal Med, Mullerstr 44, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Parson, W.; Parsons, T.] Penn State Eberly Coll Sci, 517 Thomas Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Scheible, M.] N Carolina State Univ, Forens Sci Inst, 1060 William Moore Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
[Scheible, M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, 1060 William Moore Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
[Just, R.; Irwin, J.] Fed Bur Invest Acad, 2501 Invest Pkwy, Quantico, VA 22135 USA.
[Parsons, T.] Int Commiss Missing Persons, Alipasina 45A, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia & Herceg.
[Coble, M.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr,M-S 8312, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Scheible, M; Sturk-Andreaggi, K (reprint author), Armed Forces DNA Identificat Lab, 115 Purple Heart Dr, Dover AFB, DE 19902 USA.; Scheible, M; Sturk-Andreaggi, K (reprint author), Amer Registry Pathol, 9210 Corp Blvd,Suite 120, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.; Scheible, M (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Forens Sci Inst, 1060 William Moore Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.; Scheible, M (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, 1060 William Moore Dr, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
EM mkscheib@ncsu.edu; kimberly.s.andreaggi.ctr@mail.mil
FU National Institute of Justice [2005-DN-R-086]
FX The authors would like to thank the Emerging Technologies Section, past
and present, especially Toni Diegoli, Elizabeth Lyons, Katharine
Strouss, Joanne Lee, Amanda Lehrmann, Kyla Harris, Brittany Box, Leslie
Mounkes, Erin Gorden, Rachel Kinsel, Morgan Falk, Naila Bhatri (AFDIL)
for data generation, analysis and review; Odile Loreille for ongoing
support and fruitful discussion; Charla Marshall (AFDIL) for assistance
with analyses; Liane Fendt, Theresa Harm, Gabriela Huber, Simone Nagl,
Daniela Niederwieser, Alexander Rock, Christina Strobl, and Bettina
Zimmermann (EMPOP, University of Innsbruck, Austria) for data analysis
and assistance with database confirmation; an anonymous reviewer and
John Buckleton for manuscript review and feedback; James Canik, Lanelle
Chisolm, Brion Smith, COL Louis Finelli, CAPT Edward Reedy, Lt Col Laura
Regan, Timothy McMahon, James Ross, Jon Norris, the American Registry of
Pathology and the Armed Forces Medical Examiner System for logistical,
administrative, and technical support; and the National Institute of
Justice (InterAgency Agreement 2005-DN-R-086) for funding.
NR 48
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PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1872-4973
EI 1878-0326
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT-GEN
JI Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 22
BP 139
EP 148
DI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.01.002
PG 10
WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Legal
SC Genetics & Heredity; Legal Medicine
GA DH3WX
UT WOS:000372718600026
PM 26919661
ER
PT J
AU Bergmann, C
Barbour, J
LaForce, L
Driggers, WB
AF Bergmann, Charles
Barbour, James
LaForce, Lionel
Driggers, William B., III
TI Line cutter for use when releasing large marine organisms caught on
longline gear
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bycatch; Gangion; Line cutter; Monofilament; Prohibited species
AB Releasing large marine organisms captured on longline gear can often be difficult due to problems associated with the use of conventional line cutters. For example, struggling animals can remain below the water's surface for extended periods, thus providing limited access to the end of the leader nearest the hook. We describe a new line cutter design that outperforms conventional designs. The line cutter described herein can be deployed by a single individual and severs leader material in close proximity to the location of hooks while negating the need to bring the captured organism to the surface. The use of the line cutter reduces stress and potential injury to captured animals, is easily and inexpensively constructed, and has applications beyond its intended use, such as freeing lines snagged or entangled under vessels. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bergmann, Charles; Barbour, James; LaForce, Lionel; Driggers, William B., III] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, PO Drawer 1207, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
RP Driggers, WB (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, PO Drawer 1207, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
EM william.driggers@noaa.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 177
BP 124
EP 127
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.01.018
PG 4
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DG9BU
UT WOS:000372378600014
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, MY
Wang, LY
Jajodia, S
Singhal, A
Albanese, M
AF Zhang, Mengyuan
Wang, Lingyu
Jajodia, Sushil
Singhal, Anoop
Albanese, Massimiliano
TI Network Diversity: A Security Metric for Evaluating the Resilience of
Networks Against Zero-Day Attacks
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biodiversity; computer security; firewalls; information security;
intrusion detection
ID DESIGN DIVERSITY; ACCESS-CONTROL; CLOUD; VULNERABILITY; SYSTEMS
AB Diversity has long been regarded as a security mechanism for improving the resilience of software and networks against various attacks. More recently, diversity has found new applications in cloud computing security, moving target defense, and improving the robustness of network routing. However, most existing efforts rely on intuitive and imprecise notions of diversity, and the few existing models of diversity are mostly designed for a single system running diverse software replicas or variants. At a higher abstraction level, as a global property of the entire network, diversity and its effect on security have received limited attention. In this paper, we take the first step toward formally modeling network diversity as a security metric by designing and evaluating a series of diversity metrics. In particular, we first devise a biodiversity-inspired metric based on the effective number of distinct resources. We then propose two complementary diversity metrics, based on the least and the average attacking efforts, respectively. We provide guidelines for instantiating the proposed metrics and present a case study on estimating software diversity. Finally, we evaluate the proposed metrics through simulation.
C1 [Zhang, Mengyuan; Wang, Lingyu] Concordia Univ, Concordia Inst Informat Syst Engn, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada.
[Jajodia, Sushil; Albanese, Massimiliano] George Mason Univ, Ctr Secure Informat Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Singhal, Anoop] NIST, Comp Secur Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, MY; Wang, LY (reprint author), Concordia Univ, Concordia Inst Informat Syst Engn, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada.; Jajodia, S; Albanese, M (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Ctr Secure Informat Syst, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.; Singhal, A (reprint author), NIST, Comp Secur Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mengy_zh@ciise.concordia.ca; wang@ciise.concordia.ca; jajodia@gmu.edu;
anoop.singhal@nist.gov; malbanes@gmu.edu
FU National Science Foundation [IIP-1266147]; Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada [N01035]; National Institute of
Standards and Technology [60NANB14D060, 60NANB15D091]; Office of Naval
Research [N00014-15-1-2007]; Army Research Office [W911NF-13-1-0421]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
Grant IIP-1266147, in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada Discovery under Grant N01035, in part by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology under Grant 60NANB14D060
and Grant 60NANB15D091, in part by the Office of Naval Research under
Grant N00014-15-1-2007, and in part by the Army Research Office under
Grant W911NF-13-1-0421. The associate editor coordinating the review of
this manuscript and approving it for publication was Dr. Jianying Zhou.
NR 56
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U1 10
U2 25
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1556-6013
EI 1556-6021
J9 IEEE T INF FOREN SEC
JI IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensic Secur.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 5
BP 1071
EP 1086
DI 10.1109/TIFS.2016.2516916
PG 16
WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA DG8SZ
UT WOS:000372355200015
ER
PT J
AU Pannkuk, EL
Laiakis, EC
Mak, TD
Astarita, G
Authier, S
Wong, KR
Fornace, AJ
AF Pannkuk, Evan L.
Laiakis, Evagelia C.
Mak, Tytus D.
Astarita, Giuseppe
Authier, Simon
Wong, Karen
Fornace, Albert J., Jr.
TI A lipidomic and metabolomic serum signature from nonhuman primates
exposed to ionizing radiation
SO METABOLOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lipidomics; Metabolomics; Ionizing Radiation; Nonhuman Primate
ID POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; GAMMA-IRRADIATED RATS; BIOMARKER DISCOVERY;
URINARY BIOMARKERS; BODY IRRADIATION; LIVER-DISEASE; IDENTIFICATION;
MICE; MECHANISMS; INJURY
AB Introduction Due to dangers associated with potential accidents from nuclear energy and terrorist threats, there is a need for high-throughput biodosimetry to rapidly assess individual doses of radiation exposure. Lipidomics and metabolomics are becoming common tools for determining global signatures after disease or other physical insult and provide a "snapshot'' of potential cellular damage.
Objectives The current study assesses changes in the nonhuman primate (NHP) serum lipidome and metabolome 7 days following exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). Methods Serum sample lipids and metabolites were extracted using a biphasic liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Global radiation signatures were acquired in data-independent mode.
Results Radiation exposure caused significant perturbations in lipid metabolism, affecting all major lipid species, including free fatty acids, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids and esterified sterols. In particular, we observed a significant increase in the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)-containing lipids in the serum of NHPs exposed to 10 Gy radiation, suggesting a primary role played by PUFAs in the physiological response to IR. Metabolomics profiling indicated an increase in the levels of amino acids, carnitine, and purine metabolites in the serum of NHPs exposed to 10 Gy radiation, suggesting perturbations to protein digestion/absorption, biological oxidations, and fatty acid b-oxidation.
Conclusions This is the first report to determine changes in the global NHP serum lipidome and metabolome following radiation exposure and provides information for developing metabolomic biomarker panels in human-based biodosimetry.
C1 [Pannkuk, Evan L.; Laiakis, Evagelia C.; Astarita, Giuseppe; Fornace, Albert J., Jr.] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol & Cellular Biol, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
[Mak, Tytus D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mass Spectrometry Data Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Astarita, Giuseppe] Waters Corp, Hlth Sci, Milford, MA USA.
[Authier, Simon; Wong, Karen] CiToxLAB North Amer, Laval, PQ, Canada.
[Fornace, Albert J., Jr.] Lombardi Comprehens Canc Ctr, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW,New Res Bldg,Room E504, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[Fornace, Albert J., Jr.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Ctr Excellence Genom Med Res CEGMR, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia.
RP Fornace, AJ (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol & Cellular Biol, Washington, DC 20007 USA.; Fornace, AJ (reprint author), Lombardi Comprehens Canc Ctr, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW,New Res Bldg,Room E504, Washington, DC 20057 USA.; Fornace, AJ (reprint author), King Abdulaziz Univ, Ctr Excellence Genom Med Res CEGMR, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia.
EM af294@georgetown.edu
OI Fornace, Albert/0000-0001-9695-085X
FU National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases) [1R01AI101798]; Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer
Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource (PMSR); National Cancer
Institute [P30CA051008]
FX National Institutes of Health (National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases) grant 1R01AI101798 (P.I. Albert J. Fornace, Jr.)
and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared
Resource (PMSR); partial support National Cancer Institute grant
P30CA051008 (P.I. Louis Weiner).
NR 54
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 6
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1573-3882
EI 1573-3890
J9 METABOLOMICS
JI Metabolomics
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 5
AR 80
DI 10.1007/s11306-016-1010-0
PG 11
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA DG5YL
UT WOS:000372157700003
ER
PT J
AU Zhuang, ZR
Yussouf, N
Gao, JD
AF Zhuang, Zhaorong
Yussouf, Nusrat
Gao, Jidong
TI Analyses and forecasts of a tornadic supercell outbreak using a 3DVAR
system ensemble
SO ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE ensemble 3DVAR analysis; radar data assimilation; probabilistic
forecast; supercell storm
ID VARIATIONAL STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; DOPPLER
RADAR OBSERVATIONS; KALMAN FILTER APPROACH; WARN-ON-FORECAST; LEVEL-II
DATA; DATA ASSIMILATION; PART I; MICROPHYSICS SCHEME; RECURSIVE FILTERS
AB As part of NOAA's "Warn-On-Forecast" initiative, a convective-scale data assimilation and prediction system was developed using the WRF-ARW model and ARPS 3DVAR data assimilation technique. The system was then evaluated using retrospective short-range ensemble analyses and probabilistic forecasts of the tornadic supercell outbreak event that occurred on 24 May 2011 in Oklahoma, USA. A 36-member multi-physics ensemble system provided the initial and boundary conditions for a 3-km convective-scale ensemble system. Radial velocity and reflectivity observations from four WSR-88Ds were assimilated into the ensemble using the ARPS 3DVAR technique. Five data assimilation and forecast experiments were conducted to evaluate the sensitivity of the system to data assimilation frequencies, in-cloud temperature adjustment schemes, and fixed- and mixed-microphysics ensembles. The results indicated that the experiment with 5-min assimilation frequency quickly built up the storm and produced a more accurate analysis compared with the 10-min assimilation frequency experiment. The predicted vertical vorticity from the moist-adiabatic in-cloud temperature adjustment scheme was larger in magnitude than that from the latent heat scheme. Cycled data assimilation yielded good forecasts, where the ensemble probability of high vertical vorticity matched reasonably well with the observed tornado damage path. Overall, the results of the study suggest that the 3DVAR analysis and forecast system can provide reasonable forecasts of tornadic supercell storms.
C1 [Zhuang, Zhaorong; Yussouf, Nusrat] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Zhuang, Zhaorong] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Meteorol Ctr, Ctr Numer Weather Predict, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Yussouf, Nusrat; Gao, Jidong] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Zhuang, ZR (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.; Zhuang, ZR (reprint author), China Meteorol Adm, Natl Meteorol Ctr, Ctr Numer Weather Predict, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM zhuangzr@cams.cma.gov.cn
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under the
NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement [NA17RJ1227]; U.S.
Department of Commerce; NSF [AGS-1341878]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [41305092]; International S&T Cooperation Program of
China (ISTCP) [2011DFG23210]
FX Partial funding for this research was provided by the NOAA/Office of
Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under the NOAA-University of Oklahoma
Cooperative Agreement #NA17RJ1227, the U.S. Department of Commerce and
NSF AGS-1341878, the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(Project No. 41305092), and the International S&T Cooperation Program of
China (ISTCP) (Grant No. 2011DFG23210). We thank our colleague Dr.
Thomas JONES for proofreading the manuscript. Thanks also to Carrie
LANGSTON for the NMQ reflectivity data. The computing for this project
was performed at the University of Oklahoma (OU) Supercomputing Center
for Education & Research (OSCER). Local computer assistance was provided
by Brett MORROW, Steven FLETCHER, Brad SWAGOWITZ, and Karen COOPER.
NR 61
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 13
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 0256-1530
EI 1861-9533
J9 ADV ATMOS SCI
JI Adv. Atmos. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 5
BP 544
EP 558
DI 10.1007/s00376-015-5072-0
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DF3HI
UT WOS:000371234300002
ER
PT J
AU Chirico, RD
Steele, WV
Kazakov, AF
AF Chirico, Robert D.
Steele, William V.
Kazakov, Andrei F.
TI Thermodynamic properties of indan: Experimental and computational
results
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Computational chemistry; Density; Entropy; Heat capacity; Ideal-gas
properties; Indan; Phase-transition properties; Vapor pressure
ID THERMODATA ENGINE TDE; 3RD VIRIAL-COEFFICIENT; SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION;
VAPOR-PRESSURE; MUTUAL VALIDATION; TEMPERATURE-SCALE; HEAT-CAPACITIES;
RECONCILIATION; VAPORIZATION; HYDROCARBONS
AB Measurements leading to the calculation of thermodynamic properties in the ideal-gas state for indan (Chemical Abstracts registry number [496-11-7], 2,3-dihydro-1H-indene) are reported. Experimental methods were adiabatic heat-capacity calorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, comparative ebulliometry, and vibrating-tube densitometry. Molar thermodynamic functions (enthalpies, entropies, and Gibbs energies) for the condensed and ideal-gas states were derived from the experimental studies at selected temperatures. Statistical calculations were performed based on molecular geometry optimization and vibrational frequencies calculated at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d, p) level of theory. Computed ideal-gas properties derived with the rigid-rotor harmonic-oscillator approximation are shown to be in excellent accord with ideal-gas entropies derived from thermophysical property measurements of this research, as well as with experimental heat capacities for the ideal-gas state reported in the literature. Literature spectroscopic studies and ab initio calculations report a range of values for the barrier to ring puckering. Results of the present work are consistent with a large barrier that allows use of the rigid-rotor harmonic-oscillator approximation for ideal-gas entropy and heat-capacity calculations, even with the stringent uncertainty requirements imposed by the calorimetric and physical property measurements reported here. All experimental results are compared with property values reported in the literature. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Chirico, Robert D.; Kazakov, Andrei F.] NIST, Thermodynam Res Ctr, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Steele, William V.] Univ Tennessee, Phys Properties Res Facil, Chem & Biomol Engn Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Chirico, RD (reprint author), NIST, Thermodynam Res Ctr, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM robert.chirico@nist.gov
FU Office of Fossil Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE);
Processing and Downstream Operations section of the Advanced Oil
Recovery (AOR) program; DOE [DE-AC22-94C91008]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Stephen E. Knipmeyer in
the dsc studies, An (Andy) Nguyen in the vapor-pressure and density
measurements, and Aaron P. Rau and I. Alex Hossenlopp in vapor transfer
of chemical samples in preparation for the physical property
measurements. The authors acknowledge the financial support of the
Office of Fossil Energy of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This
research was funded within the Processing and Downstream Operations
section of the Advanced Oil Recovery (AOR) program. The property
measurements were completed in Bartlesville, Oklahoma at the National
Institute of Petroleum and Energy Research through BDM-Oklahoma under
its contract with DOE for Management and Operations of the National Oil
and Related Programs (NORP), Contract Number DE-AC22-94C91008. The
article preparation and computations were carried out at the National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This article is, in part,
a contribution of NIST, and is not subject to copyright in the United
States for the authors R.D.C and A.F.K. Products or companies are named
solely for descriptive clarity and this neither constitutes nor implies
endorsement by NIST or by the U.S. government.
NR 70
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 25
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0021-9614
EI 1096-3626
J9 J CHEM THERMODYN
JI J. Chem. Thermodyn.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 96
BP 41
EP 51
DI 10.1016/j.jct.2015.12.005
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry
GA DC0JR
UT WOS:000368903600005
ER
PT J
AU Tewary, VK
Quardokus, RC
DelRio, FW
AF Tewary, V. K.
Quardokus, Rebecca C.
DelRio, Frank W.
TI Green's function modeling of response of two-dimensional materials to
point probes for scanning probe microscopy
SO PHYSICS LETTERS A
LA English
DT Article
DE Antidots; Graphene; Green's function; Materials characterization;
Scanning probe microscopy; Two-dimensional materials
ID SEMICONDUCTOR; GROWTH; HEAT; WS2
AB A Green's function (GF) method is developed for interpreting scanning probe microscopy (SPM) measurements on new two-dimensional (2D) materials. GFs for the Laplace/Poisson equations are calculated by using a virtual source method for two separate cases of a finite material containing a rectangular defect and a hexagonal defect. The prescribed boundary values are reproduced almost exactly by the calculated GFs. It is suggested that the GF is not just a mathematical artefact but a basic physical characteristic of material systems, which can be measured directly by SPM for 2D solids. This should make SPM an even more powerful technique for characterization of 2D materials. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Tewary, V. K.; Quardokus, Rebecca C.; DelRio, Frank W.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Tewary, VK (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM vinod.tewary@nist.gov; rebecca.quardokus@nist.gov; frank.delrio@nist.gov
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0375-9601
EI 1873-2429
J9 PHYS LETT A
JI Phys. Lett. A
PD APR 29
PY 2016
VL 380
IS 20
BP 1750
EP 1756
DI 10.1016/j.physleta.2016.03.021
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DK0KH
UT WOS:000374601200013
ER
PT J
AU Brown, PT
Lozier, MS
Zhang, R
Li, WH
AF Brown, Patrick T.
Lozier, M. Susan
Zhang, Rong
Li, Wenhong
TI The necessity of cloud feedback for a basin-scale Atlantic Multidecadal
Oscillation
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; COUPLED
CLIMATE MODELS; NORTH-ATLANTIC; SAHEL RAINFALL; AIR-TEMPERATURE;
VARIABILITY; MECHANISMS; HEMISPHERE; SIGNATURE
AB The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), characterized by basin-scale multidecadal variability in North Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SSTs), has traditionally been interpreted as the surface signature of variability in oceanic heat convergence (OHC) associated with the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). This view has been challenged by recent studies that show that AMOC variability is not simultaneously meridionally coherent over the North Atlantic and that AMOC-induced low-frequency variability of OHC is weak in the tropical North Atlantic. Here we present modeling evidence that the AMO-related SST variability over the extratropical North Atlantic results directly from anomalous OHC associated with the AMOC but that the emergence of the coherent multidecadal SST variability over the tropical North Atlantic requires cloud feedback. Our study identifies atmospheric processes as a necessary component for the existence of a basin-scale AMO, thus amending the canonical view that the AMOC-AMO connection is solely attributable to oceanic processes.
C1 [Brown, Patrick T.; Lozier, M. Susan; Li, Wenhong] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Zhang, Rong] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Brown, PT (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM Patrick.Brown@duke.edu
RI Zhang, Rong/D-9767-2014
OI Zhang, Rong/0000-0002-8493-6556
FU NSF [AGS-1147608, OCE-1259102]; NIH [NIH-1R21AG044294-01A1]
FX We thank Ming Zhao and Xiaosong Yang for their internal reviews and
discussion of this work. We acknowledge the World Climate Research
Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for
CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups for producing and making
available their model output. For CMIP the U.S. Department of Energy's
Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides
coordinating support and led development of software infrastructure in
partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science
Portals. The CMIP5 data used for this study can be downloaded at
http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/data_portal.html, and the GFDL CM2.1
model output can be downloaded at http://data1.gfdl.noaa.gov/. Contact
Patrick Brown (patrick.brown@duke.edu) for other data and code requests.
This work was partially supported by NSF grants AGS-1147608 and
OCE-1259102, as well as by the NIH grant NIH-1R21AG044294-01A1.
NR 55
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 8
BP 3955
EP 3963
DI 10.1002/2016GL068303
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DP2RQ
UT WOS:000378338800042
ER
PT J
AU Link, MF
Friedman, B
Fulgham, R
Brophy, P
Galang, A
Jathar, SH
Veres, P
Roberts, JM
Farmer, DK
AF Link, M. F.
Friedman, B.
Fulgham, R.
Brophy, P.
Galang, A.
Jathar, S. H.
Veres, P.
Roberts, J. M.
Farmer, D. K.
TI Photochemical processing of diesel fuel emissions as a large secondary
source of isocyanic acid (HNCO)
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ION PROTON-TRANSFER; ORGANIC AEROSOL
FORMATION; NI-PT-CIMS; PROTEIN CARBAMYLATION; RADICAL CHEMISTRY; FLOW
REACTORS; AMBIENT AIR; OXIDATION; EXHAUST
AB Isocyanic acid (HNCO) is a well-known air pollutant that affects human health. Biomass burning, smoking, and combustion engines are known HNCO sources, but recent studies suggest that secondary production in the atmosphere may also occur. We directly observed photochemical production of HNCO from the oxidative aging of diesel exhaust during the Diesel Exhaust Fuel and Control experiments at Colorado State University using acetate ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Emission ratios of HNCO were enhanced, after 1.5 days of simulated atmospheric aging, from 50 to 230 mg HNCO/kg fuel at idle engine operating conditions. Engines operated at higher loads resulted in less primary and secondary HNCO formation, with emission ratios increasing from 20 to 40 mg HNCO/kg fuel under 50% load engine operating conditions. These results suggest that photochemical sources of HNCO could be more significant than primary sources in urban areas.
C1 [Link, M. F.; Friedman, B.; Fulgham, R.; Brophy, P.; Farmer, D. K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Galang, A.; Jathar, S. H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Veres, P.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Veres, P.; Roberts, J. M.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Farmer, DK (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM delphine.farmer@rams.colostate.edu
RI Veres, Patrick/E-7441-2010; Roberts, James/A-1082-2009; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Veres, Patrick/0000-0001-7539-353X; Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172;
FU Arnold and Mabel Beckman Young Investigator Award; Colorado State
University; NOAA Health of the Atmosphere Initiative
FX We acknowledge an Arnold and Mabel Beckman Young Investigator Award for
funding this work. Fees associated with the engine dynamometer tests
(engine operation, equipment rental, fuel, and personnel) were supported
through Shantanu Jathar's startup funds as new faculty hire at Colorado
State University. We would like to thank Kirk Evans for technical
support and undergraduate researchers Liam Lewane and Nathan Reed for
test support during the campaign. The NOAA/Earth Systems Research
Laboratory Chemical Sciences Division effort was supported by the NOAA
Health of the Atmosphere Initiative. Any data presented and analyzed in
this study can be acquired per request to the corresponding author.
Detailed discussions of measurements and analysis are in the supporting
information.
NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 14
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 8
BP 4033
EP 4041
DI 10.1002/2016GL068207
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DP2RQ
UT WOS:000378338800051
ER
PT J
AU Chremos, A
Douglas, JF
AF Chremos, Alexandros
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Influence of higher valent ions on flexible polyelectrolyte stiffness
and counter-ion distribution
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; LIMITING LAWS; EXPLICIT SOLVENT; POOR
SOLVENTS; CONDENSATION; DNA; SPECTROSCOPY; CATIONS; BINDING; TRANSITIONS
AB We investigate the influence of counter-ion valency on the flexibility of highly charged flexible polymer chains using molecular dynamics simulations that include both salt and an explicit solvent. As observed experimentally, we find that divalent counter-ions greatly reduce the chain persistence length, l(p), in comparison with monovalent counter-ions. On the other hand, polyelectrolyte chains having trivalent counter-ions adopt a much more compact conformation than polyelectrolytes having monovalent and divalent counter-ions. We demonstrate that the tendency of polyelectrolyte chains to become deformed by proximal high valence counter-ions is due to chain "coiling" around the counterions. In particular, we find that the number of contacts that the proximal counter-ions have with the polyelectrolyte dictates the extent of chain coiling. This ion-binding induced coiling mechanism influences not only the conformational properties of the polyelectrolyte, but also the counter-ion distribution around the chain. Specifically, we find that higher valent counter-ions lead both to a counter-ion enrichment in close proximity to the polyelectrolyte and to a significant reduction in the spatial extent of the diffuse counter-ion cloud around the polyelectrolyte.
C1 [Chremos, Alexandros; Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Chremos, A; Douglas, JF (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM alexandros.chremos@nist.gov; jack.douglas@nist.gov
RI Chremos, Alexandros/B-8856-2009
OI Chremos, Alexandros/0000-0002-1254-3972
FU NIST Director's Office through the NIST Fellows' postdoctoral grants
program
FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the NIST Director's Office
through the NIST Fellows' postdoctoral grants program. Official
contribution of the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology
- not subject to copyright in the United States.
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD APR 28
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 16
AR 164904
DI 10.1063/1.4947221
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DL6YK
UT WOS:000375785800049
PM 27131566
ER
PT J
AU Yoon, S
Liu, J
McMichael, RD
AF Yoon, Seungha
Liu, Jason
McMichael, Robert D.
TI Phase-resolved ferromagnetic resonance using a heterodyne detection
method
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; SPIN-TRANSFER-TORQUE; MICROSCOPE; FIELD
AB This paper describes a phase-resolved ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurement using a heterodyne method. Spin precession is driven by microwave fields and detected by 1550 nm laser light that is modulated at a frequency slightly shifted with respected to the FMR driving frequency. The evolving phase difference between the spin precession and the modulated light produces a slowly oscillating Kerr rotation signal with a phase equal to the precession phase plus a phase due to the path length difference between the excitation microwave signal and the optical signal. We estimate the accuracy of the precession phase measurement to be 0.1 rad. This heterodyne FMR detection method eliminates the need for field modulation and allows a stronger detection signal at higher intermediate frequency where the 1/f noise floor is reduced.
C1 [Yoon, Seungha; Liu, Jason; McMichael, Robert D.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yoon, Seungha] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Yoon, S (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards
and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the
University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]
FX S.Y. acknowledges support under the Cooperative Research Agreement
between the University of Maryland and the National Institute of
Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
Award No. 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 15
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 28
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 14
AR 144423
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.144423
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DK5FR
UT WOS:000374945800002
ER
PT J
AU Ye, CX
Zhou, XL
Pu, D
Stutz, J
Festa, J
Spolaor, M
Tsai, C
Cantrell, C
Mauldin, RL
Campos, T
Weinheimer, A
Hornbrook, RS
Apel, EC
Guenther, A
Kaser, L
Yuan, B
Karl, T
Haggerty, J
Hall, S
Ullmann, K
Smith, JN
Ortega, J
Knote, C
AF Ye, Chunxiang
Zhou, Xianliang
Pu, Dennis
Stutz, Jochen
Festa, James
Spolaor, Max
Tsai, Catalina
Cantrell, Christopher
Mauldin, Roy L., III
Campos, Teresa
Weinheimer, Andrew
Hornbrook, Rebecca S.
Apel, Eric C.
Guenther, Alex
Kaser, Lisa
Yuan, Bin
Karl, Thomas
Haggerty, Julie
Hall, Samuel
Ullmann, Kirk
Smith, James N.
Ortega, John
Knote, Christoph
TI Rapid cycling of reactive nitrogen in the marine boundary layer
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; MASTER CHEMICAL MECHANISM; NITRIC-ACID
PHOTOLYSIS; MCM V3 PART; TROPOSPHERIC DEGRADATION; PHOTOCHEMICAL
PRODUCTION; FOREST CANOPY; AIR-QUALITY; DUST STORM; GAS-PHASE
AB Nitrogen oxides are essential for the formation of secondary atmospheric aerosols and of atmospheric oxidants such as ozone and the hydroxyl radical, which controls the self-cleansing capacity of the atmosphere(1). Nitric acid, a major oxidation product of nitrogen oxides, has traditionally been considered to be a permanent sink of nitrogen oxides(1). However, model studies predict higher ratios of nitric acid to nitrogen oxides in the troposphere than are observed(2,3). A 'renoxification' process that recycles nitric acid into nitrogen oxides has been proposed to reconcile observations with model studies(2-4), but the mechanisms responsible for this process remain uncertain(5-9). Here we present data from an aircraft measurement campaign over the North Atlantic Ocean and find evidence for rapid recycling of nitric acid to nitrous acid and nitrogen oxides in the clean marine boundary layer via particulate nitrate photolysis. Laboratory experiments further demonstrate the photolysis of particulate nitrate collected on filters at a rate more than two orders of magnitude greater than that of gaseous nitric acid, with nitrous acid as the main product. Box model calculations based on the Master Chemical Mechanism(10,11) suggest that particulate nitrate photolysis mainly sustains the observed levels of nitrous acid and nitrogen oxides at midday under typical marine boundary layer conditions. Given that oceans account for more than 70 per cent of Earth's surface, we propose that particulate nitrate photolysis could be a substantial tropospheric nitrogen oxide source. Recycling of nitrogen oxides in remote oceanic regions with minimal direct nitrogen oxide emissions could increase the formation of tropospheric oxidants and secondary atmospheric aerosols on a global scale.
C1 [Ye, Chunxiang; Zhou, Xianliang] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA.
[Zhou, Xianliang; Pu, Dennis] SUNY Albany, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Stutz, Jochen; Festa, James; Spolaor, Max; Tsai, Catalina] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Cantrell, Christopher; Mauldin, Roy L., III] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mauldin, Roy L., III] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, Finland.
[Campos, Teresa; Weinheimer, Andrew; Hornbrook, Rebecca S.; Apel, Eric C.; Kaser, Lisa; Haggerty, Julie; Hall, Samuel; Ullmann, Kirk; Smith, James N.; Ortega, John; Knote, Christoph] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Guenther, Alex] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Yuan, Bin] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Yuan, Bin] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Karl, Thomas] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Meteorol & Geophys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Smith, James N.] Univ Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
[Knote, Christoph] Univ Munich, Inst Meteorol, Marchioninistr 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
RP Zhou, XL (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA.; Zhou, XL (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
EM xianliang.zhou@health.ny.gov
RI Smith, James/C-5614-2008; Karl, Thomas/D-1891-2009; Yuan,
Bin/A-1223-2012; Knote, Christoph/A-9809-2010; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Smith, James/0000-0003-4677-8224; Karl, Thomas/0000-0003-2869-9426;
Yuan, Bin/0000-0003-3041-0329; Knote, Christoph/0000-0001-9105-9179;
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS-1216166, AGS-1215712,
AGS-1216743]; National Science Foundation
FX This research is funded by National Science Foundation (NSF) grants
(AGS-1216166, AGS-1215712, and AGS-1216743). We would like to
acknowledge operational, technical and scientific support provided by
NCAR's Earth Observing Laboratory, sponsored by the National Science
Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations
expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily
reflect the views of NSF.
NR 51
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 37
U2 93
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD APR 28
PY 2016
VL 532
IS 7600
BP 489
EP 491
DI 10.1038/nature17195
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DK3KQ
UT WOS:000374815900044
PM 27064904
ER
PT J
AU Shingler, T
Crosbie, E
Ortega, A
Shiraiwa, M
Zuend, A
Beyersdorf, A
Ziemba, L
Anderson, B
Thornhill, L
Perring, AE
Schwarz, JP
Campazano-Jost, P
Day, DA
Jimenez, JL
Hair, JW
Mikoviny, T
Wisthaler, A
Sorooshian, A
AF Shingler, Taylor
Crosbie, Ewan
Ortega, Amber
Shiraiwa, Manabu
Zuend, Andreas
Beyersdorf, Andreas
Ziemba, Luke
Anderson, Bruce
Thornhill, Lee
Perring, Anne E.
Schwarz, Joshua P.
Campazano-Jost, Pedro
Day, Douglas A.
Jimenez, Jose L.
Hair, Johnathan W.
Mikoviny, Tomas
Wisthaler, Armin
Sorooshian, Armin
TI Airborne characterization of subsaturated aerosol hygroscopicity and dry
refractive index from the surface to 6.5km during the SEAC(4)RS campaign
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID ORGANIC-INORGANIC AEROSOLS; SINGLE-SCATTERING ALBEDO; LIQUID-LIQUID
EQUILIBRIA; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; AMMONIUM-SULFATE; LIGHT-SCATTERING;
ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
THERMODYNAMIC MODEL
AB In situ aerosol particle measurements were conducted during 21 NASA DC-8 flights in the Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds, and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys field campaign over the United States, Canada, Pacific Ocean, and Gulf of Mexico. For the first time, this study reports rapid, size-resolved hygroscopic growth and real refractive index (RI at 532 nm) data between the surface and upper troposphere in a variety of air masses including wildfires, agricultural fires, biogenic, marine, and urban outflow. The Differential Aerosol Sizing and Hygroscopicity Spectrometer Probe (DASH-SP) quantified size-resolved diameter growth factors (GF = D-p,D-wet/D-p,D-dry) that are used to infer the hygroscopicity parameter kappa. Thermokinetic simulations were conducted to estimate the impact of partial particle volatilization within the DASH-SP across a range of sampling conditions. Analyses of GF and RI data as a function of air mass origin, dry size, and altitude are reported, in addition to kappa values for the inorganic and organic fractions of aerosol. Average RI values are found to be fairly constant (1.52-1.54) for all air mass categories. An algorithm is used to compare size-resolved DASH-SP GF with bulk scattering f(RH=80%) data obtained from a pair of nephelometers, and the results show that the two can only be reconciled if GF is assumed to decrease with increasing dry size above 400 nm (i.e., beyond the upper bound of DASH-SP measurements). Individual case studies illustrate variations of hygroscopicity as a function of dry size, environmental conditions, altitude, and composition.
C1 [Shingler, Taylor; Ortega, Amber; Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Crosbie, Ewan; Beyersdorf, Andreas; Ziemba, Luke; Anderson, Bruce; Thornhill, Lee; Hair, Johnathan W.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Chem & Dynam Branch, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Crosbie, Ewan] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Shiraiwa, Manabu] Max Planck Inst Chem, Multiphase Chem Dept, Mainz, Germany.
[Zuend, Andreas] McGill Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Thornhill, Lee] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA.
[Perring, Anne E.; Schwarz, Joshua P.] NOAA, Chem Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Perring, Anne E.; Campazano-Jost, Pedro; Day, Douglas A.; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Campazano-Jost, Pedro; Day, Douglas A.; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mikoviny, Tomas; Wisthaler, Armin] Univ Oslo, Dept Chem, Oslo, Norway.
[Wisthaler, Armin] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ion Phys & Appl Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Sorooshian, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ USA.; Sorooshian, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ USA.
EM armin@email.arizona.edu
RI Perring, Anne/G-4597-2013; Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; schwarz,
joshua/G-4556-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Perring, Anne/0000-0003-2231-7503; Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847;
schwarz, joshua/0000-0002-9123-2223;
FU NASA [NNX12AC10G, NNX14AP75G, NNX12AC03G, NNX15AT96G]; ONR
[N00014-10-1-0811]; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship
[NNX14AK79H]; Visiting Scientist Program at the National Institute of
Aerospace
FX All data and results are available from the corresponding author
(armin@email.arizona.edu). This research was funded by NASA grants
NNX12AC10G and NNX14AP75G. The development of the DASH-SP instrument was
funded by ONR grant N00014-10-1-0811. T.S. acknowledges support from a
NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship (NNX14AK79H). P.C.J., D.A.D.,
and J.L.J. were supported by NASA grants NNX12AC03G and NNX15AT96G.
PTR-MS measurements during SEAC4RS were supported by the
Austrian Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology
(bmvit) through the Austrian Space Applications Programme of the
Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG). A.W. and T.M. received support
from the Visiting Scientist Program at the National Institute of
Aerospace.
NR 98
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 8
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 4188
EP 4210
DI 10.1002/2015JD024498
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DP2KU
UT WOS:000378318100028
ER
PT J
AU Griffith, SM
Hansen, RF
Dusanter, S
Michoud, V
Gilman, JB
Kuster, WC
Veres, PR
Graus, M
de Gouw, JA
Roberts, J
Young, C
Washenfelder, R
Brown, SS
Thalman, R
Waxman, E
Volkamer, R
Tsai, C
Stutz, J
Flynn, JH
Grossberg, N
Lefer, B
Alvarez, SL
Rappenglueck, B
Mielke, LH
Osthoff, HD
Stevens, PS
AF Griffith, S. M.
Hansen, R. F.
Dusanter, S.
Michoud, V.
Gilman, J. B.
Kuster, W. C.
Veres, P. R.
Graus, M.
de Gouw, J. A.
Roberts, J.
Young, C.
Washenfelder, R.
Brown, S. S.
Thalman, R.
Waxman, E.
Volkamer, R.
Tsai, C.
Stutz, J.
Flynn, J. H.
Grossberg, N.
Lefer, B.
Alvarez, S. L.
Rappenglueck, B.
Mielke, L. H.
Osthoff, H. D.
Stevens, P. S.
TI Measurements of hydroxyl and hydroperoxy radicals during CalNex-LA:
Model comparisons and radical budgets
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; VOLATILE
ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; MCMA-2006 FIELD CAMPAIGN; MEXICO-CITY ATMOSPHERE;
MISSING OH SOURCE; NEW-YORK-CITY; NI-PT-CIMS; HO2 CONCENTRATIONS;
LOS-ANGELES
AB Measurements of hydroxyl (OH) and hydroperoxy (HO2*) radical concentrations were made at the Pasadena ground site during the CalNex-LA 2010 campaign using the laser-induced fluorescence-fluorescence assay by gas expansion technique. The measured concentrations of OH and HO2* exhibited a distinct weekend effect, with higher radical concentrations observed on the weekends corresponding to lower levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx). The radical measurements were compared to results from a zero-dimensional model using the Regional Atmospheric Chemical Mechanism-2 constrained by NOx and othermeasured trace gases. The chemical model overpredicted measured OH concentrations during the weekends by a factor of approximately 1.4 +/- 0.3 (1 sigma), but the agreement was better during the weekdays (ratio of 1.0 +/- 0.2). Model predicted HO2* concentrations underpredicted by a factor of 1.3 +/- 0.2 on the weekends, while measured weekday concentrations were underpredicted by a factor of 3.0 +/- 0.5. However, increasing the modeled OH reactivity to match the measured total OH reactivity improved the overall agreement for both OH and HO2* on all days. A radical budget analysis suggests that photolysis of carbonyls and formaldehyde together accounted for approximately 40% of radical initiation with photolysis of nitrous acid accounting for 30% at the measurement height and ozone photolysis contributing less than 20%. An analysis of the ozone production sensitivity reveals that during the week, ozone production was limited by volatile organic compounds throughout the day during the campaign but NOx limited during the afternoon on the weekends.
C1 [Griffith, S. M.; Dusanter, S.; Stevens, P. S.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN USA.
[Griffith, S. M.] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Hansen, R. F.; Stevens, P. S.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN USA.
[Hansen, R. F.] Univ Leeds, Sch Chem, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Dusanter, S.; Michoud, V.] SAGE, Mines Douai, Douai, France.
[Dusanter, S.; Michoud, V.] Univ Lille, Lille, France.
[Michoud, V.] UPEC, Lab Interunivers Syst Atmospher, LISA IPSL, UMR CNRS 7583, Creteil, France.
[Michoud, V.] UPD, Creteil, France.
[Gilman, J. B.; Veres, P. R.; Graus, M.; de Gouw, J. A.; Roberts, J.; Young, C.; Washenfelder, R.; Brown, S. S.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Gilman, J. B.; Kuster, W. C.; Veres, P. R.; Graus, M.; de Gouw, J. A.; Roberts, J.; Young, C.; Washenfelder, R.; Brown, S. S.] NOAA, Chem Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Graus, M.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Atmospher & Cryospher Sci, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Young, C.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Chem, St John, NF A1B 3X7, Canada.
[Thalman, R.; Waxman, E.; Volkamer, R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Thalman, R.; Waxman, E.; Volkamer, R.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Thalman, R.] Snow Coll, Dept Chem, Ephraim, UT USA.
[Tsai, C.; Stutz, J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Flynn, J. H.; Grossberg, N.; Lefer, B.; Alvarez, S. L.; Rappenglueck, B.] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX USA.
[Lefer, B.] NASA Headquarters, Div Earth Sci, Washington, DC USA.
[Mielke, L. H.; Osthoff, H. D.] Univ Calgary, Dept Chem, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
[Mielke, L. H.] Univ Indianapolis, Dept Chem, Indianapolis, IN 46227 USA.
RP Stevens, PS (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN USA.; Stevens, PS (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN USA.
EM pstevens@indiana.edu
RI de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Veres, Patrick/E-7441-2010; Young,
Cora/A-4551-2010; Volkamer, Rainer/B-8925-2016; Gilman,
Jessica/E-7751-2010; Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Graus,
Martin/E-7546-2010; Roberts, James/A-1082-2009; Washenfelder,
Rebecca/E-7169-2010; Lefer, Barry/B-5417-2012; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Veres, Patrick/0000-0001-7539-353X;
Young, Cora/0000-0002-6908-5829; Volkamer, Rainer/0000-0002-0899-1369;
Gilman, Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948; Graus, Martin/0000-0002-2025-9242;
Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172; Washenfelder,
Rebecca/0000-0002-8106-3702; Lefer, Barry/0000-0001-9520-5495; Osthoff,
Hans/0000-0001-7155-6493
FU National Science Foundation [AGS-0612738, AGS-1104880]
FX This work was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation
(AGS-0612738 and AGS-1104880). We would also like to thank the
California Air Resources Board and the California Institute of
Technology for their support of the CalNex-LA ground site. We would also
like to thank Jean Francois Doussin and Marie Camredon from LISA for
their valuable discussion. Data presented in this manuscript can be
requested by contacting the corresponding author and can also be found
at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/csd/projects/calnex/.
NR 83
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 22
U2 33
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 4211
EP 4232
DI 10.1002/2015JD024358
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DP2KU
UT WOS:000378318100029
ER
PT J
AU Barth, MC
Bela, MM
Fried, A
Wennberg, PO
Crounse, JD
St Clair, JM
Blake, NJ
Blake, DR
Homeyer, CR
Brune, WH
Zhang, L
Mao, J
Ren, X
Ryerson, TB
Pollack, IB
Peischl, J
Cohen, RC
Nault, BA
Huey, LG
Liu, X
Cantrell, CA
AF Barth, M. C.
Bela, M. M.
Fried, A.
Wennberg, P. O.
Crounse, J. D.
St Clair, J. M.
Blake, N. J.
Blake, D. R.
Homeyer, C. R.
Brune, W. H.
Zhang, L.
Mao, J.
Ren, X.
Ryerson, T. B.
Pollack, I. B.
Peischl, J.
Cohen, R. C.
Nault, B. A.
Huey, L. G.
Liu, X.
Cantrell, C. A.
TI Convective transport and scavenging of peroxides by thunderstorms
observed over the central US during DC3
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; STRATOSPHERIC-TROPOSPHERIC EXPERIMENT;
TROPICAL UPPER TROPOSPHERE; GAS-PHASE; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; RADAR
OBSERVATIONS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; UNITED-STATES; TRACE GASES; JULY 10
AB One of the objectives of the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field experiment was to determine the scavenging of soluble trace gases by thunderstorms. We present an analysis of scavenging of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and methyl hydrogen peroxide (CH3OOH) from six DC3 cases that occurred in Oklahoma and northeast Colorado. Estimates of H2O2 scavenging efficiencies are comparable to previous studies ranging from 79 to 97% with relative uncertainties of 5-25%. CH3OOH scavenging efficiencies ranged from 12 to 84% with relative uncertainties of 18-558%. The wide range of CH3OOH scavenging efficiencies is surprising, as previous studies suggested that CH3OOH scavenging efficiencies would be < 10%. Cloud chemistry model simulations of one DC3 storm produced CH3OOH scavenging efficiencies of 26-61% depending on the ice retention factor of CH3OOH during cloud drop freezing, suggesting ice physics impacts CH3OOH scavenging. The highest CH3OOH scavenging efficiencies occurred in two severe thunderstorms, but there is no obvious correlation between the CH3OOH scavenging efficiency and the storm thermodynamic environment. We found a moderate correlation between the estimated entrainment rates and CH3OOH scavenging efficiencies. Changes in gas-phase chemistry due to lightning production of nitric oxide and aqueous-phase chemistry have little effect on CH3OOH scavenging efficiencies. To determine why CH3OOH can be substantially removed from storms, future studies should examine effects of entrainment rate, retention of CH3OOH in frozen cloud particles during drop freezing, and lightning-NOx production.
C1 [Barth, M. C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Atmospher Chem Observat & Modeling Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Barth, M. C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Bela, M. M.; Cantrell, C. A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bela, M. M.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fried, A.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wennberg, P. O.; Crounse, J. D.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[St Clair, J. M.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Blake, N. J.; Blake, D. R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
[Homeyer, C. R.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Brune, W. H.; Zhang, L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 503 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Mao, J.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Mao, J.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Ren, X.] NOAA Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD USA.
[Ryerson, T. B.; Peischl, J.] NOAA, Chem Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Pollack, I. B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Peischl, J.; Nault, B. A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cohen, R. C.; Nault, B. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Nault, B. A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Huey, L. G.; Liu, X.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Barth, MC (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Atmospher Chem Observat & Modeling Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.; Barth, MC (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM barthm@ucar.edu
RI Peischl, Jeff/E-7454-2010; Cohen, Ronald/A-8842-2011; Ren,
Xinrong/E-7838-2015; Pollack, Ilana/F-9875-2012; Mao,
Jingqiu/F-2511-2010; Homeyer, Cameron/D-5034-2013; Crounse,
John/C-3700-2014; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101; Cohen, Ronald/0000-0001-6617-7691;
Ren, Xinrong/0000-0001-9974-1666; Mao, Jingqiu/0000-0002-4774-9751;
Homeyer, Cameron/0000-0002-4883-6670; Crounse, John/0000-0001-5443-729X;
FU National Science Foundation; NSF [AGS-1261559, AGS-1522910, DGE
1106400]; NASA [NNX12AMO8G, NNX12AC06G, NNX14AP46G-ACCDAM, NNX12AB76G,
NNX12AB84G, NNX12AB79G, NNX12AB77G]; NOAA Climate Change program by NASA
[NNH12AT30I]; NOAA Health of the Atmosphere program [NNH12AT30I]
FX The authors thank the DC3 Science and Logistics teams for the successful
execution of the DC3 field campaign. Data from the DC3 field project can
be found at http://data.eol.ucar.edu/master_list/?project=DC3. The
aircraft data are also located at
http://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/ArcView/dc3-seac4rs. Output from
the model simulations can be obtained upon request to M. Barth
(barthm@ucar.edu). We appreciate Conrad Ziegler (NOAA/NSSL) and his team
as well as the NCAR/EOL ISS team for the radiosonde data. G. Diskin and
his team are acknowledged for their DC-8 water vapor and CO
measurements. We are grateful for the informative weather summaries
provided by Morris Weisman and Craig Schwartz during the DC3 field
campaign. We value the contributions of John Orlando and the comments on
the paper by Sasha Madronich, Rebecca Hornbrook and the three anonymous
reviewers. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by
the National Science Foundation. The INSTAAR group acknowledges NSF and
NASA under grant awards AGS-1261559 and NNX12AMO8G, respectively, for
funding their participation in the measurements and analysis. The
Caltech group thanks NASA for funding their participation in DC3 and
contribution to this analysis via grants NNX12AC06G and
NNX14AP46G-ACCDAM. N. Blake and D. Blake acknowledge support for DC3
measurements from NASA award NNX12AB76G. C. Homeyer was supported by NSF
under grant AGS-1522910. W. H. Brune, L. Zhang, J. Mao, and X. Ren were
supported by NASA grant NNX12AB84G. T. B. Ryerson, J. Peischl, and I. B.
Pollack were supported under the NOAA Climate Change and NOAA Health of
the Atmosphere programs, with participation in DC3 made possible by NASA
grant NNH12AT30I. R. C. Cohen and B. A. Nault were supported by NASA
grant NNX12AB79G. B. A. Nault was also supported by the NSF Graduate
Research Fellowship under grant DGE 1106400. L. G. Huey and X. Liu were
supported by NASA grant NNX12AB77G.
NR 70
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 4272
EP 4295
DI 10.1002/2015JD024570
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DP2KU
UT WOS:000378318100032
ER
PT J
AU Chakraborty, A
Ervens, B
Gupta, T
Tripathi, SN
AF Chakraborty, Abhishek
Ervens, Barbara
Gupta, Tarun
Tripathi, Sachchida N.
TI Characterization of organic residues of size-resolved fog droplets and
their atmospheric implications
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROSOL MASS-SPECTROMETER; DEPENDENT CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
AQUEOUS-PHASE; HIGH-RESOLUTION; CLOUD DROPLETS; ORGANOSULFATE FORMATION;
VOLATILITY MEASUREMENTS; STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS; MODEL-CALCULATIONS;
URBAN-ENVIRONMENT
AB Size-resolved fog water samples were collected in two consecutive winters at Kanpur, a heavily polluted urban area of India. Samples were analyzed by an aerosol mass spectrometer after drying and directly in other instruments. Residues of fine fog droplets (diameter: 4-16 mu m) are found to be more enriched with oxidized (oxygen to carbon ratio, O/C = 0.88) and low volatility organics than residues of coarse (diameter > 22 mu m) and medium size (diameter: 16-22 mu m) droplets with O/C of 0.68 and 0.74, respectively. These O/C ratios are much higher than those observed for background ambient organic aerosols, indicating efficient oxidation in fog water. Accompanying box model simulations reveal that longer residence times, together with high aqueous OH concentrations in fine droplets, can explain these trends. High aqueous OH concentrations in smaller droplets are caused by their highest surface-volume ratio and high Fe and Cu concentrations, allowing more uptake of gas phase OH and enhanced Fenton reaction rates, respectively. Although some volatile organic species may have escaped during droplet evaporation, these findings indicate that aqueous processing of dissolved organics varies with droplet size. Therefore, large (regional, global)-scale models need to consider the variable reaction rates, together with metal-catalyzed radical formation throughout droplet populations for accurately predicting aqueous secondary organic aerosol formation.
C1 [Chakraborty, Abhishek; Gupta, Tarun; Tripathi, Sachchida N.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
[Ervens, Barbara] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ervens, Barbara] NOAA, ESRL CSD, Boulder, CO USA.
[Gupta, Tarun; Tripathi, Sachchida N.] Indian Inst Technol, Ctr Environm Sci & Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
RP Gupta, T; Tripathi, SN (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.; Gupta, T; Tripathi, SN (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Ctr Environm Sci & Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
EM tarun@iitk.ac.in; snt@iitk.ac.in
RI Tripathi, Sachchida/J-4840-2016; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Chakraborty, Abhishek/0000-0001-9531-6419
FU IIT Kanpur; Indian Ministry of Human Resource and Development
[3-21/2014-TS.1]; U.S. Agency for International Development
[AID-OAA-A-11- 00012]
FX We acknowledge the support of IIT Kanpur for providing us with an
HR-ToF-AMS for PG research and teaching. We would also like to
acknowledge support of the Indian Ministry of Human Resource and
Development (3-21/2014-TS.1) for providing us some financial assistance
to carry out this research. This research is also partially supported by
the U.S. Agency for International Development (AID-OAA-A-11- 00012). In
addition we thank Deepika Bahttu for useful discussions. All the data
and results that are used to support the conclusions of this article can
be obtained upon request from the corresponding authors by sending
emails to tarun@iitk.ac.in and/or snt@iitk.ac.in. This article contains
supporting information of 11 pages (S1-S11) with seven figures (Figures
S1-S7) and three tables (Tables S1-S3).
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 4317
EP 4332
DI 10.1002/2015JD024508
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DP2KU
UT WOS:000378318100034
ER
PT J
AU Somera, TM
Bailey, B
Barott, K
Grasis, J
Hatay, M
Hilton, BJ
Hisakawa, N
Nosrat, B
Nulton, J
Silveira, CB
Sullivan, C
Brainard, RE
Rohwer, F
AF Somera, Tracey McDole
Bailey, Barbara
Barott, Katie
Grasis, Juris
Hatay, Mark
Hilton, Brett J.
Hisakawa, Nao
Nosrat, Bahador
Nulton, James
Silveira, Cynthia B.
Sullivan, Chris
Brainard, Russell E.
Rohwer, Forest
TI Energetic differences between bacterioplankton trophic groups and coral
reef resistance
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE microbialization; coral reef; resistance; metabolic theory; disease
dissolved organic carbon algae and microbe
ID ORGANIC-MATTER RELEASE; NORTHERN LINE ISLANDS; MICROBIAL ECOLOGY;
METABOLIC BALANCE; MARINE VIRUSES; CELL-CYCLE; FOOD WEBS; RED-SEA;
ECOSYSTEMS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS
AB Coral reefs are among the most productive and diverse marine ecosystems on the Earth. They are also particularly sensitive to changing energetic requirements by different trophic levels. Microbialization specifically refers to the increase in the energetic metabolic demands of microbes relative to macrobes and is significantly correlated with increasing human influence on coral reefs. In this study, metabolic theory of ecology is used to quantify the relative contributions of two broad bacterioplankton groups, autotrophs and heterotrophs, to energy flux on 27 Pacific coral reef ecosystems experiencing human impact to varying degrees. The effective activation energy required for photosynthesis is lower than the average energy of activation for the biochemical reactions of the Krebs cycle, and changes in the proportional abundance of these two groups can greatly affect rates of energy and materials cycling. We show that reef-water communities with a higher proportional abundance of microbial autotrophs expend more metabolic energy per gram of microbial biomass. Increased energy and materials flux through fast energy channels (i.e. water-column associated microbial autotrophs) may dampen the detrimental effects of increased heterotrophic loads (e.g. coral disease) on coral reef systems experiencing anthropogenic disturbance.
C1 [Somera, Tracey McDole; Barott, Katie; Grasis, Juris; Hatay, Mark; Hilton, Brett J.; Hisakawa, Nao; Nosrat, Bahador; Silveira, Cynthia B.; Rohwer, Forest] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Bailey, Barbara; Nulton, James] San Diego State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Brainard, Russell E.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, 1125 B Ala Moana Blvd, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
[Sullivan, Chris] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gillman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Somera, TM (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
EM tsmcdole@yahoo.com
OI Grasis, Juris/0000-0002-3945-0135
FU NSF [OCE-0927415]; CIFAR [LTRDTD62207]; NOAA's Coral Reef Ecosystem
Division and Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program
FX This work was supported by NSF (OCE-0927415) and a grant from CIFAR
(LTRDTD62207). NOAA's Coral Reef Ecosystem Division and Pacific Reef
Assessment and Monitoring Program also supported this work.
NR 75
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U2 13
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD APR 27
PY 2016
VL 283
IS 1829
AR 20160467
DI 10.1098/rspb.2016.0467
PG 9
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA DM2EE
UT WOS:000376158600020
ER
PT J
AU Roseland, JM
Patterson, KY
Andrews, KW
Phillips, KM
Phillips, MM
Pehrsson, PR
Dufresne, GL
Jakobsen, J
Gusev, PA
Savarala, S
Nguyen, QV
Makowski, AJ
Scheuerell, CR
Larouche, GP
Wise, SA
Harnly, JM
Williams, JR
Betz, JM
Taylor, CL
AF Roseland, Janet Maxwell
Patterson, Kristine Y.
Andrews, Karen W.
Phillips, Katherine M.
Phillips, Melissa M.
Pehrsson, Pamela R.
Dufresne, Guy L.
Jakobsen, Jette
Gusev, Pavel A.
Savarala, Sushma
Nguyen, Quynhanh V.
Makowski, Andrew J.
Scheuerell, Chad R.
Larouche, Guillaume P.
Wise, Stephen A.
Harnly, James M.
Williams, Juhi R.
Betz, Joseph M.
Taylor, Christine L.
TI Interlaboratory Trial for Measurement of Vitamin D and 25-Hydroxyvitamin
D [25(OH)D] in Foods and a Dietary Supplement Using Liquid
Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE reference material; food; dietary supplement; vitamin D-3
(cholecalciferol); 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 (25-hydroxycholcalciferol)
ID NUTRIENT ANALYSIS PROGRAM; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY;
NATIONAL FOOD; D-3; SERUM; EGGS; MEAT; HEALTH; FISH
AB Assessment of total vitamin D intake from foods and dietary supplements (DSs) may be incomplete if 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] intake is not included. However, 25(OH)D data for such intake assessments are lacking, no food or DS reference materials (RMs) are available, and comparison of laboratory performance has been needed. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate whether vitamin D-3 and 25(OH)D-3 concentrations in food and DS materials could be measured with acceptable reproducibility. Five experienced laboratories from the United States and other countries participated, all using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry but no common analytical protocol; however, various methods were used for determining vitamin D-3 in the DS. Five animal-based materials (including three commercially available RMs) and one DS were analyzed. Reproducibility results for the materials were acceptable. Thus, it is possible to obtain consistent results among experienced laboratories for vitamin D-3 and 25(OH)D-3, in foods and a DS.
C1 [Roseland, Janet Maxwell; Patterson, Kristine Y.; Andrews, Karen W.; Pehrsson, Pamela R.; Gusev, Pavel A.; Savarala, Sushma; Nguyen, Quynhanh V.; Williams, Juhi R.] USDA ARS, Nutrient Data Lab, BARC West, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 005, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Phillips, Katherine M.] Virginia Tech, Biochem Dept 0308, 304 Engel Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Phillips, Melissa M.; Wise, Stephen A.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, MS 8392,100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Dufresne, Guy L.] Hlth Canada, Food & Nutr Lab, 1001 St Laurent Ouest, Longueuil, PQ J4K 1C7, Canada.
[Jakobsen, Jette] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Food Inst, Div Food Chem, Soborg, Denmark.
[Makowski, Andrew J.] Heartland Assays LLC, Suite 4400,2711 South Loop Dr, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
[Scheuerell, Chad R.] Covance Labs, 3301 Kinsman Blvd, Madison, WI 53704 USA.
[Betz, Joseph M.; Taylor, Christine L.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, 3B01,MSC 7517,6100 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Harnly, James M.] USDA ARS, Food Composit & Method Dev Lab, BARC East, Bldg 161,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Roseland, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nutrient Data Lab, BARC West, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 005, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM janet.roseland@ars.usda.gov
FU Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health [60
1235 3012]
FX Partial funding for this work was provided under Agreement 60 1235 3012
from Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health.
NR 47
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U1 5
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-8561
EI 1520-5118
J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM
JI J. Agric. Food Chem.
PD APR 27
PY 2016
VL 64
IS 16
BP 3167
EP 3175
DI 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05016
PG 9
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science &
Technology
SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology
GA DK9IO
UT WOS:000375244300008
PM 27045951
ER
PT J
AU Ayres, CM
Scott, DR
Corcelli, SA
Baker, BM
AF Ayres, Cory M.
Scott, Daniel R.
Corcelli, Steven A.
Baker, Brian M.
TI Differential utilization of binding loop flexibility in T cell receptor
ligand selection and cross-reactivity
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID MHC CLASS-II; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS
SIMULATIONS; PEPTIDE-MHC; CONFORMATIONAL PLASTICITY; IMMUNE RECOGNITION;
PROTEIN STRUCTURES; SELF-PEPTIDE; ALPHA-BETA; SPECIFICITY
AB Complementarity determining region (CDR) loop flexibility has been suggested to play an important role in the selection and binding of ligands by T cell receptors (TCRs) of the cellular immune system. However, questions remain regarding the role of loop motion in TCR binding, and crystallographic structures have raised questions about the extent to which generalizations can be made. Here we studied the flexibility of two structurally well characterized alpha beta TCRs, A6 and DMF5. We found that the two receptors utilize loop motion very differently in ligand binding and cross-reactivity. While the loops of A6 move rapidly in an uncorrelated fashion, those of DMF5 are substantially less mobile. Accordingly, the mechanisms of binding and cross-reactivity are very different between the two TCRs: whereas A6 relies on conformational selection to select and bind different ligands, DMF5 uses a more rigid, permissive architecture with greater reliance on slower motions or induced-fit. In addition to binding site flexibility, we also explored whether ligand-binding resulted in common dynamical changes in A6 and DMF5 that could contribute to TCR triggering. Although binding-linked motional changes propagated throughout both receptors, no common features were observed, suggesting that changes in nanosecond-level TCR structural dynamics do not contribute to T cell signaling.
C1 [Ayres, Cory M.; Scott, Daniel R.; Corcelli, Steven A.; Baker, Brian M.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Ayres, Cory M.; Baker, Brian M.] Univ Notre Dame, Harper Canc Res Inst, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Scott, Daniel R.] NIST, Neutron Condensed Matter Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Baker, BM (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.; Baker, BM (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Harper Canc Res Inst, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM brian-baker@nd.edu
FU NIGMS, NIH [GM067079, GM103773]; Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive
Cancer Center
FX We thank Paul Brenner and the staff of the Notre Dame Center for
Research Computing for assistance. Supported by grants GM067079 and
GM103773 from NIGMS, NIH and a grant from the Carole and Ray Neag
Comprehensive Cancer Center.
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U1 7
U2 17
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD APR 27
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 25070
DI 10.1038/srep25070
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DK3ZD
UT WOS:000374855000001
PM 27118724
ER
PT J
AU Lam, S
Zheng, M
Fagan, JA
AF Lam, Stephanie
Zheng, Ming
Fagan, Jeffrey A.
TI Characterizing the Effect of Salt and Surfactant Concentration on the
Counterion Atmosphere around Surfactant Stabilized SWCNTs Using
Analytical Ultracentrifugation
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; SODIUM
DEOXYCHOLATE; SIZE-DISTRIBUTION; DENSITY; LENGTH; NANOPARTICLES;
SEDIMENTATION; SEPARATION; PARTITION
AB Accurate characterization of dispersed-phase nano particle properties such as density, size, solvation, and charge is necessary for their utilization in applications such as medicine, energy, and materials. Herein, analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) is used to quantify bile salt surfactant adsorption on length sorted (7,6) single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as a function of bulk surfactant concentration and in the presence of varying quantities of a monovalent salt sodium chloride. These measurements provide high precision adsorbed surfactant density values in the literature for only the second SWCNT structure to date and report the quantity of adsorbed surfactant across a broad range of bulk surfactant concentrations utilized in SWCNT dispersion processing. Second, the measurements presented herein unambiguously demonstrate, via AUC, a direct relation between the size of the counterion cloud around a surfactant-stabilized SWCNT and solution ionic strength. The results show that changes in the size of the counterion cloud around surfactant-stabilized SWCNT are attributable to electrostatic phenomenon and not to changes in the quantity of adsorbed surfactant with salt addition. These results provide important reference values for projecting SWCNT dispersion behavior as a function of solution conditions and extend the range of nanoparticle properties measurable via AUC.
C1 [Lam, Stephanie; Zheng, Ming; Fagan, Jeffrey A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fagan, JA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jfagan@nist.gov
OI Fagan, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1483-5554
FU National Research Council; NSF XSEDE Grant [MCB070038]; NSF
[OCI-1053575]
FX S.L. acknowledges the National Research Council for her postdoctoral
fellowship. The authors also acknowledge the computing time which was
utilized for AUC data analysis performed in UltraScan. Calculations were
performed on the UltraScan LIMS cluster at the Bioinformatics Core
Facility at the University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio
and XSEDE resources supported by NSF XSEDE Grant #MCB070038 (to Borries
Demeler). The Gateway is made possible by the use of XSEDE resources and
the Extended Collaborative Support Service (ECSS) Program funded by the
NSF through Award OCI-1053575.
NR 47
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U1 10
U2 20
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD APR 26
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 16
BP 3926
EP 3936
DI 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00605
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA DK9IE
UT WOS:000375243300014
PM 27031248
ER
PT J
AU Mineart, KP
Lee, B
Spontak, RJ
AF Mineart, Kenneth P.
Lee, Byeongdu
Spontak, Richard J.
TI A Solvent-Vapor Approach toward the Control of Block lonomer
Morphologies
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID ABC TRIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; DILUTION APPROXIMATION; SULFONATED POLYSTYRENE;
PENTABLOCK COPOLYMERS; MEMBRANE APPLICATIONS; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES;
PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; LINEAR ABCBA; THIN-FILMS
AB Sulfonated block ionomers possess advantageous properties for a wide range of diverse applications such as desalination membranes, fuel cells, electroactive media, and photovoltaic devices. Unfortunately, their inherently high incompatibilities and glass transition temperatures effectively prevent the use of thermal annealing, routinely employed to refine the morphologies of nonionic block copolymers. An alternative approach is therefore required to promote morphological equilibration in block ionomers. The present study explores the morphological characteristics of midblock-sulfonated pentablock ionomers (SBIs) differing in their degree of sulfonation (DOS) and cast from solution followed by solvent-vapor annealing (SVA). Transmission electron microscopy confirms that films deposited from different solvent systems form nonequilibrium morphologies due to solvent-regulated self-assembly and drying. A series of SVA tests performed with solvents varying in polarity reveals that exposing cast films to tetrahydrofuran (THF) vapor for at least 2 h constitutes the most effective SVA protocol, yielding the anticipated equilibrium morphology. That is, three SBI grades subjected to THF-SVA self-assemble into well-ordered lamellae wherein the increase in DOS is accompanied by an increase in lamellar periodicity, as measured by small-angle X-ray scattering.
C1 [Mineart, Kenneth P.; Spontak, Richard J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Spontak, Richard J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Lee, Byeongdu] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Mineart, Kenneth P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Spontak, RJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.; Spontak, RJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM Rich_Spontak@ncsu.edu
OI Mineart, Kenneth/0000-0003-2374-4670
FU Nonwovens Institute at North Carolina State University; MANN+HUMMEL
GmbH; DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This work was supported by the Nonwovens Institute at North Carolina
State University and MANN+HUMMEL GmbH. In addition, this research used
resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of
Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 63
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U2 25
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
EI 1520-5835
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD APR 26
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 8
BP 3126
EP 3137
DI 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00134
PG 12
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DK9IR
UT WOS:000375244600025
ER
PT J
AU Torrisi, SB
Britton, JW
Bohnet, JG
Bollinger, JJ
AF Torrisi, Steven B.
Britton, Joseph W.
Bohnet, Justin G.
Bollinger, John J.
TI Perpendicular laser cooling with a rotating-wall potential in a Penning
trap
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID NONNEUTRAL PLASMAS; ION PLASMAS; CRYSTALS
AB We investigate the impact of a rotating-wall potential on perpendicular laser cooling in a Penning ion trap. By including energy exchange with the rotating wall, we extend previous Doppler laser-cooling theory and show that low perpendicular temperatures are more readily achieved with a rotating wall than without. Detailed numerical studies determine optimal operating parameters for producing low-temperature, stable two-dimensional crystals, important for quantum information processing experiments employing Penning traps.
C1 [Torrisi, Steven B.; Britton, Joseph W.; Bohnet, Justin G.; Bollinger, John J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Torrisi, Steven B.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
[Britton, Joseph W.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
RP Torrisi, SB (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.; Torrisi, SB (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
FU Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship through NIST; NIST NRC
postdoctoral fellowship
FX We acknowledge useful discussions with D. H. E. Dubin, R. C. Thompson,
A. Keith, and D. Meiser. We thank K. Gilmore and R. Fox for their
comments on the manuscript. S.B.T. was supported by Summer Undergraduate
Research Fellowship funding through NIST. J.G.B. was supported by a NIST
NRC postdoctoral fellowship. This manuscript is a contribution of NIST
and not subject to U.S. copyright.
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD APR 26
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 4
AR 043421
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.043421
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DK4ZJ
UT WOS:000374928600012
ER
PT J
AU Bowden, JA
Cantu, TM
Chapman, RW
Somerville, SE
Guillette, MP
Botha, H
Hoffman, A
Luus-Powell, WJ
Smit, WJ
Lebepe, J
Myburgh, J
Govender, D
Tucker, J
Boggs, ASP
Guillette, LJ
AF Bowden, John A.
Cantu, Theresa M.
Chapman, Robert W.
Somerville, Stephen E.
Guillette, Matthew P.
Botha, Hannes
Hoffman, Andre
Luus-Powell, Wilmien J.
Smit, Willem J.
Lebepe, Jeffrey
Myburgh, Jan
Govender, Danny
Tucker, Jonathan
Boggs, Ashley S. P.
Guillette, Louis J., Jr.
TI Predictive Blood Chemistry Parameters for Pansteatitis-Affected
Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID KRUGER-NATIONAL-PARK; CROCODILE CROCODYLUS-NILOTICUS; CLARIAS-GARIEPINUS
BURCHELL; TURTLES CARETTA-CARETTA; SOUTH-AFRICA; OLIFANTS RIVER; NILE
CROCODILE; SHARPTOOTH CATFISH; CLINICAL-CHEMISTRY; OXIDATIVE STRESS
AB One of the largest river systems in South Africa, the Olifants River, has experienced significant changes in water quality due to anthropogenic activities. Since 2005, there have been various "outbreaks" of the inflammatory disease pansteatitis in several vertebrate species. Large-scale pansteatitis-related mortality events have decimated the crocodile population at Lake Loskop and decreased the population at Kruger National Park. Most pansteatitis-related diagnoses within the region are conducted post-mortem by either gross pathology or histology. The application of a non-lethal approach to assess the prevalence and pervasiveness of pansteatitis in the Olifants River region would be of great importance for the development of a management plan for this disease. In this study, several plasma-based biomarkers accurately classified pansteatitis in Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) collected from Lake Loskop using a commercially available benchtop blood chemistry analyzer combined with data interpretation via artificial neural network analysis. According to the model, four blood chemistry parameters (calcium, sodium, total protein and albumin), in combination with total length, diagnose pansteatitis to a predictive accuracy of 92 percent. In addition, several morphometric traits (total length, age, weight) were also associated with pansteatitis. On-going research will focus on further evaluating the use of blood chemistry to classify pansteatitis across different species, trophic levels, and within different sites along the Olifants River.
C1 [Bowden, John A.; Boggs, Ashley S. P.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Chem Sci, Environm Chem Sci Grp,Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
[Cantu, Theresa M.; Somerville, Stephen E.; Guillette, Matthew P.; Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Chapman, Robert W.; Tucker, Jonathan] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Marine Resources Res Inst, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
[Botha, Hannes; Hoffman, Andre] Mpumalanga Tourism & Pk Agcy, Sci Serv, Nelspruit, South Africa.
[Botha, Hannes; Luus-Powell, Wilmien J.; Smit, Willem J.; Lebepe, Jeffrey] Univ Limpopo, Dept Biodivers, Sovenga, South Africa.
[Myburgh, Jan; Govender, Danny; Guillette, Louis J., Jr.] Univ Pretoria, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Paraclin Sci, ZA-0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa.
[Govender, Danny] South African Natl Pk, Sci Serv, Skukuza, South Africa.
RP Bowden, JA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Chem Sci, Environm Chem Sci Grp,Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
EM john.bowden@nist.gov
FU CoEE Center for Marine Genomics; MUSC Center for Global Health; Heinz
Foundation: Environmental Health and Sentinel Species; Biodiversity
Research Chair, University of Limpopo
FX This work was partially funded in part by the CoEE Center for Marine
Genomics (LJG), MUSC Center for Global Health, Heinz Foundation:
Environmental Health and Sentinel Species (2011, LJG), and the
Biodiversity Research Chair, University of Limpopo (WJLP). The funders
had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
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PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 26
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 4
AR e0153874
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0153874
PG 19
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DK5QB
UT WOS:000374973600032
PM 27115488
ER
PT J
AU Herzing, AA
Guler, U
Zhou, XL
Boltasseva, A
Shalaev, V
Norris, TB
AF Herzing, Andrew A.
Guler, Urcan
Zhou, Xiuli
Boltasseva, Alexandra
Shalaev, Vladimir
Norris, Theodore B.
TI Electron energy loss spectroscopy of plasmon resonances in titanium
nitride thin films
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SILVER; SURFACE; GOLD
AB The plasmon resonance characteristics of refractory TiN thin films were analyzed using electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). A bulk plasmon resonance was observed at 2.81 eV and a weaker surface plasmon resonance peak was detected at 2.05 eV. These findings are compared to finite-difference time-domain simulations based on measured optical data. The calculated values for both the bulk and surface resonances (2.74 eV and 2.15 eV, respectively) show reasonable agreement with those measured via EELS. The amplitude of the experimentally observed surface resonance was weaker than that typically encountered in noble metal nanostructures, and this is discussed in the context of electron density and reduced spatial confinement of the resonance mode in the thin-film geometry. Published by AIP Publishing.
C1 [Herzing, Andrew A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Guler, Urcan; Boltasseva, Alexandra; Shalaev, Vladimir] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Guler, Urcan; Boltasseva, Alexandra; Shalaev, Vladimir] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Guler, Urcan] Nanometa Technol Inc, 1281 Win Hentschel Blvd, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA.
[Zhou, Xiuli; Norris, Theodore B.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Ultrafast Opt Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Herzing, AA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andrew.herzing@nist.gov
OI Zhou, Xiuli/0000-0002-0993-6767; Guler, Urcan/0000-0002-8807-6274
FU NSF MRSEC [DMR-1120923]
FX The authors acknowledge generous support from NSF MRSEC Grant No.
DMR-1120923.
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U1 18
U2 44
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD APR 25
PY 2016
VL 108
IS 17
AR 171107
DI 10.1063/1.4947442
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DL7UW
UT WOS:000375846600007
ER
PT J
AU Simons, MT
Gordon, JA
Holloway, CL
Anderson, DA
Miller, SA
Raithel, G
AF Simons, Matt T.
Gordon, Joshua A.
Holloway, Christopher L.
Anderson, David A.
Miller, Stephanie A.
Raithel, Georg
TI Using frequency detuning to improve the sensitivity of electric field
measurements via electromagnetically induced transparency and
Autler-Townes splitting in Rydberg atoms
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB In this work, we demonstrate an approach for improved sensitivity in weak radio frequency (RF) electric-field strength measurements using Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in an atomic vapor. This is accomplished by varying the RF frequency around a resonant atomic transition and extrapolating the weak on-resonant field strength from the resulting off-resonant Autler-Townes (AT) splittings. This measurement remains directly traceable to SI compared to previous techniques, precluding any knowledge of experimental parameters such as optical beam powers as is the case when using the curvature of the EIT line shape to measure weak fields. We use this approach to measure weak RF fields at 182 GHz and 208 GHz demonstrating improvement greater than a factor of 2 in the measurement sensitivity compared to on-resonant AT splitting RF electric field measurements.
C1 [Simons, Matt T.; Gordon, Joshua A.; Holloway, Christopher L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Anderson, David A.; Miller, Stephanie A.; Raithel, Georg] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Anderson, David A.] Rydberg Technol, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
RP Holloway, CL (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM holloway@boulder.nist.gov
OI Miller, Stephanie/0000-0001-7944-3979; SIMONS,
MATTHEW/0000-0001-9418-7520
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under QuASAR Program;
NIST through Embedded Standards program
FX This work was partially supported by the Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency (DARPA) under the QuASAR Program and by NIST through the
Embedded Standards program.
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U1 5
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD APR 25
PY 2016
VL 108
IS 17
AR 174101
DI 10.1063/1.4947231
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DL7UW
UT WOS:000375846600053
ER
PT J
AU Farmer, B
Bhat, VS
Balk, A
Teipel, E
Smith, N
Unguris, J
Keavney, DJ
Hastings, JT
De Long, LE
AF Farmer, B.
Bhat, V. S.
Balk, A.
Teipel, E.
Smith, N.
Unguris, J.
Keavney, D. J.
Hastings, J. T.
De Long, L. E.
TI Direct imaging of coexisting ordered and frustrated sublattices in
artificial ferromagnetic quasicrystals
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN ICE; FILMS
AB We have used scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis and photoemission electron microscopy to image the two-dimensional magnetization of permalloy films patterned into Penrose P2 tilings (P2T). The interplay of exchange interactions in asymmetrically coordinated vertices and short-range dipole interactions among connected film segments stabilize magnetically ordered, spatially distinct sublattices that coexist with frustrated sublattices at room temperature. Numerical simulations that include long-range dipole interactions between sublattices agree with images of as-grown P2T samples and predict a magnetically ordered ground state for a two-dimensional quasicrystal lattice of classical Ising spins.
C1 [Farmer, B.; Bhat, V. S.; Teipel, E.; Smith, N.; De Long, L. E.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, 505 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Balk, A.; Unguris, J.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Balk, A.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Keavney, D. J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source 431 E007, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Hastings, J. T.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 453F Paul Anderson Tower, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
RP De Long, LE (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, 505 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
EM delong@pa.uky.edu
FU U.S. DoE [DE-FG02-97ER45653]; U.S. NSF [DMR-1506979]; UK Center for
Advanced Materials; UK Center for Computational Sciences; UK Center for
Nanoscale Science and Engineering; University of Maryland
[70NANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards and Technology Center
for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the University of Maryland
[70NANB10H193]; Research at the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Research at University of Kentucky was supported by U.S. DoE Grant
DE-FG02-97ER45653, U.S. NSF Grant DMR-1506979, the UK Center for
Advanced Materials, the UK Center for Computational Sciences, and the UK
Center for Nanoscale Science and Engineering. AB acknowledges support of
this research under the Cooperative Research Agreement between the
University of Maryland and National Institute of Standards and
Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Award
70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland. Research at the
Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
User Facility operated by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported
under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. J. P. Straley, K. Ross, and F. Guo
contributed helpful criticism.
NR 45
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PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 25
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 13
AR 134428
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.134428
PG 11
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DK5DA
UT WOS:000374938700005
ER
PT J
AU Gunasekera, J
Harriger, L
Dahal, A
Maurya, A
Heitmann, T
Disseler, SM
Thamizhavel, A
Dhar, S
Singh, DJ
Singh, DK
AF Gunasekera, J.
Harriger, L.
Dahal, A.
Maurya, A.
Heitmann, T.
Disseler, S. M.
Thamizhavel, A.
Dhar, S.
Singh, D. J.
Singh, D. K.
TI Electronic nature of the lock-in magnetic transition in CeXAl4Si2
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAVY-FERMION METALS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM
AB We have investigated the underlying magnetism in newly discovered single crystal Kondo lattices CeXAl4Si2, where X = Rh, Ir. We show that the compound undergoes an incommensurate-to-commensurate magnetic transition at T-c = 9.19 K (10.75 K in Ir). The spin correlation in the incommensurate phase is described by a spin density wave configuration of Ce ions, which locks in to the long-range antiferromagnetic order at T = T-c. The analysis of the experimental data, combined with the calculation of the electronic properties, suggests the role of the Fermi surface nesting as the primary mechanism behind this phenomenon.
C1 [Gunasekera, J.; Dahal, A.; Singh, D. J.; Singh, D. K.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Harriger, L.; Disseler, S. M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Maurya, A.; Thamizhavel, A.; Dhar, S.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbia, India.
[Heitmann, T.] Univ Missouri, Res Reactor, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP Singh, DK (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM singhdk@missouri.edu
FU Department of Commerce facility NIST Center for Neutron Research
FX Authors acknowledge the support provided by the Department of Commerce
facility NIST Center for Neutron Research. Authors are thankful to J.
Leo and A. Ye for help with the neutron scattering experiments.
NR 24
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U1 1
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PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 25
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 15
AR 155151
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.155151
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DK5GD
UT WOS:000374947100005
ER
PT J
AU Li, JW
Haney, PM
AF Li, Junwen
Haney, Paul M.
TI Optical spintronics in organic-inorganic perovskite photovoltaics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLAR-CELLS; HALIDE PEROVSKITES; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; THIN-FILMS;
FERROELECTRIC POLARIZATION; CH3NH3PBI3 PEROVSKITE; IODIDE PEROVSKITES;
SPIN PHOTOCURRENTS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; RASHBA
AB Organic-inorganic halide CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells have attracted enormous attention in recent years due to their remarkable power conversion efficiency. When inversion symmetry is broken, these materials should exhibit interesting spin-dependent properties as well, owing to their strong spin-orbit coupling. In this work, we consider the spin-dependent optical response of CH3NH3PbI3. We first use density functional theory to compute the ballistic spin current generated by absorption of unpolarized light. We then consider diffusive transport of photogenerated charge and spin for a thin CH3NH3PbI3 layer with a passivated surface and an Ohmic, nonselective contact. The spin density and spin current are evaluated by solving the drift-diffusion equations for a simplified three-dimensional Rashba model of the electronic structure of the valence and conduction bands. We provide analytic expressions for the photon flux required to induce measurable spin densities, and propose that these spin densities can provide useful information about the role of grain boundaries in the photovoltaic behavior of these materials. We also discuss the prospects for measuring the optically generated spin current with the inverse spin Hall effect.
C1 [Li, Junwen; Haney, Paul M.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Li, Junwen] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Li, JW (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Li, JW (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
FU University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards
and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
[70NANB10H193]
FX We acknowledge helpful conversations with Allan Mac-Donald, Mark Stiles,
and Tom Silva. J.L. acknowledges support under the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
Award 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland.
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PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 25
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 15
AR 155432
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.155432
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DK5GD
UT WOS:000374947100012
ER
PT J
AU Pershing, AJ
Alexander, MA
Hernandez, CM
Kerr, LA
Le Bris, A
Mills, KE
Nye, JA
Record, NR
Scannell, HA
Scott, JD
Sherwood, GD
Thomas, AC
AF Pershing, Andrew J.
Alexander, Michael A.
Hernandez, Christina M.
Kerr, Lisa A.
Le Bris, Arnault
Mills, Katherine E.
Nye, Janet A.
Record, Nicholas R.
Scannell, Hillary A.
Scott, James D.
Sherwood, Graham D.
Thomas, Andrew C.
TI Response to Comments on "Slow adaptation in the face of rapid warming
leads to collapse of the Gulf of Maine cod fishery"
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID METABOLIC-RATE; TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE
AB Palmer et al. and Swain et al. suggest that our "extra mortality" time series is spurious. In response, we show that including temperature-dependent mortality improves abundance estimates and that warming waters reduce growth rates in Gulf of Maine cod. Far from being spurious, temperature effects on this stock are clear, and continuing to ignore them puts the stock in jeopardy.
C1 [Pershing, Andrew J.; Kerr, Lisa A.; Le Bris, Arnault; Mills, Katherine E.; Sherwood, Graham D.] Gulf Maine Res Inst, 350 Commercial St, Portland, ME 04101 USA.
[Alexander, Michael A.; Scott, James D.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Hernandez, Christina M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, 86 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Nye, Janet A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Record, Nicholas R.] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, 60 Bigelow Dr, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA.
[Scannell, Hillary A.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, 1503 Northeast Boat St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Scott, James D.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Thomas, Andrew C.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, 5706 Aubert Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP Pershing, AJ (reprint author), Gulf Maine Res Inst, 350 Commercial St, Portland, ME 04101 USA.
EM apershing@gmri.org
RI Alexander, Michael/A-7097-2013
OI Alexander, Michael/0000-0001-9646-6427
NR 13
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U1 7
U2 15
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD APR 22
PY 2016
VL 352
IS 6284
DI 10.1126/science.aae0463
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DJ8RH
UT WOS:000374479700036
PM 27102475
ER
PT J
AU Cartamil, D
Wraith, J
Wegner, NC
Kacev, D
Lam, CH
Santana-Morales, O
Sosa-Nishizaki, O
Escobedo-Olvera, M
Kohin, S
Graham, JB
Hastings, P
AF Cartamil, D.
Wraith, J.
Wegner, N. C.
Kacev, D.
Lam, C. H.
Santana-Morales, O.
Sosa-Nishizaki, O.
Escobedo-Olvera, M.
Kohin, S.
Graham, J. B.
Hastings, P.
TI Movements and distribution of juvenile common thresher sharks Alopias
vulpinus in Pacific coast waters of the USA and Mexico
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Thresher shark; Shark nursery; Movements; Satellite telemetry; Fishery
management; Zoogeography; Juvenile
ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT; SARDINE SARDINOPS-SAGAX; ARCHIVAL TAGGING
DATA; HABITAT PREFERENCES; CURRENT ECOSYSTEM; BEHAVIOR; FISHERY;
TRANSITION; MIGRATION; PATTERNS
AB The common thresher shark Alopias vulpinus constitutes an important commercial fishery on the Pacific coasts of both the USA and Mexico. However, little is known about the juvenile phase of this species. This study used a combination of pop-up archival satellite tagging, tag-recapture, and fishery catch data to investigate the movement patterns, habitat preferences, ecology, and geographic distribution of juvenile common thresher sharks along the Pacific coast of the USA and Mexico. Juvenile threshers primarily utilized continental shelf waters, with a geographic range extending from Punta Eugenia in Baja California, Mexico (27.8 degrees N) north to Morro Bay, California (35.3 degrees N). Within this range, sharks were found at significantly lower latitudes in March and April. Satellite-tagged juvenile threshers exhibited diel patterns of vertical distribution, primarily inhabiting the upper 20 m of the water column by night, and significantly greater depths by day. In addition, juvenile threshers made frequent daytime dives to depths exceeding 50 m, with a maximum recorded dive depth of 192 m. Tracked sharks were most commonly associated with ambient water temperatures between 14 and 17 degrees C, and inhabited significantly warmer temperatures at night than during the day. No tidal or lunar influence on vertical distribution was found, and vertical habitat utilization did not increase concomitantly with shark size. This study is the first to document movements of juvenile threshers between US and Mexican waters, highlighting the need for bi-national management strategies for this shared fishery resource.
C1 [Cartamil, D.; Graham, J. B.; Hastings, P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Marine Biol Res Div, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Wraith, J.; Wegner, N. C.; Kohin, S.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Kacev, D.] San Diego State Univ, Biol Dept, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Lam, C. H.] Univ Massachusetts Boston, Sch Environm, Large Pelag Res Ctr, POB 3188, Gloucester, MA 01931 USA.
[Santana-Morales, O.; Sosa-Nishizaki, O.; Escobedo-Olvera, M.] CICESE, Dept Ecol, Lab Ecol Pesquera, Km 107,Carretera Tijuana Ensenada, Ensenada 22880, Baja California, Mexico.
RP Cartamil, D (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Marine Biol Res Div, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM dcartamil@ucsd.edu
FU Moore Family Foundation; California Sea Grant; Ocean Protection Council;
Save Our Seas Foundation; NOAA's National Cooperative Research Program
FX Funding was provided by The Moore Family Foundation, California Sea
Grant, the Ocean Protection Council, the Save Our Seas Foundation,
NOAA's National Cooperative Research Program, and a gift from Jeffrey
Bohn. Tim Athens and the crew of the FV 'Outer Banks', Daniel Yanagi,
and Eddie Kisfaludy assisted with fieldwork. Thanks to Mike Kinney and
Tim Sippel for their helpful reviews of this manuscript. The manuscript
is dedicated to the memories of co-authors Jeffrey B. Graham and Miguel
Escobedo-Olvera.
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U2 22
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD APR 21
PY 2016
VL 548
BP 153
EP 163
DI 10.3354/meps11673
PG 11
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA DM5GF
UT WOS:000376375000011
ER
PT J
AU Giles, JL
Riginos, C
Naylor, GJP
Dharmadi
Ovenden, JR
AF Giles, Jenny L.
Riginos, Cynthia
Naylor, Gavin J. P.
Dharmadi
Ovenden, Jennifer R.
TI Genetic and phenotypic diversity in the wedgefish Rhynchobatus
australiae, a threatened ray of high value in the shark fin trade
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Wedgefishes; Rays; Shark fin trade; Phylogeography; Southeast Asia
ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; CONTROL REGION; FISHERIES; CONSERVATION; BATOIDS;
FISH; CHONDRICHTHYES; DISPERSAL; INFERENCE; MRBAYES
AB Rhynchobatus spp. (wedgefishes) are large benthopelagic shark-like rays with fins that are highly prized in the international shark fin trade. They are among the most threatened groups of sharks and rays globally. While Rhynchobatus spp. are known to be under considerable fishing pressure as a group, taxonomic confusion among species within the genus has compromised species-specific fishery and demographic data that are urgently needed for developing effective management strategies. Rhynchobatus australiae (Whitley, 1939) is a large Indo-West Pacific species reaching 2 to 3 m that is classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. This study combines new empirical data from field surveys with data obtained from verified reference specimens to investigate genetic and phenotypic variation in R. australiae and its relative incidence in fisheries. R. australiae dominated Rhynchobatus catch in fisheries surveys across Southeast Asia, and was the most commonly recorded species of the genus in Australia (94% and 58% of captures respectively, n = 207). Study specimens were consistent with a single species with moderate spatial mtDNA variation (Phi(ST) = 0.198, p < 0.0001). We show that R. australiae can be reliably differentiated from other Indo-Pacific species with nadh2 (1044bp), and a section of the control region (456bp) short enough to amplify DNA from processed fins in international trade. We document aspects of morphological variability to assist in the description of external characters that differentiate this species. This is the first range-wide intraspecific study on any wedgefish species, and provides the most complete synthesis of mtDNA data to date for identifying Rhynchobatus fins in the global shark fin trade.
C1 [Giles, Jenny L.; Riginos, Cynthia] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Naylor, Gavin J. P.] Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Dharmadi] Minist Marine Affairs & Fisheries, Res Ctr Capture Fisheries, Jl Pasir Putih 1, Ancol Timur 14430, Jakarta Utara, Indonesia.
[Ovenden, Jennifer R.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biomed Sci, Mol Fisheries Lab, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Giles, Jenny L.] NOAA, Natl Acad Sci, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv,Forens Lab, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Giles, JL (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.; Giles, JL (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Acad Sci, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv,Forens Lab, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM jennylgiles@gmail.com
RI Riginos, Cynthia/G-3320-2010
OI Riginos, Cynthia/0000-0002-5485-4197
FU Sea World Research and Rescue Foundation Australia; PADI Foundation;
University Women Australia; Phuket Marine Biological Station in
Thailand; Australian-American Fulbright Commission; Ministry of Marine
Affairs and Fisheries' Research Center for Capture Fisheries (RCCF)
[FIS/2003/037]
FX This work was undertaken on an Australian postgraduate award. We thank
the Sea World Research and Rescue Foundation Australia, PADI Foundation
and University Women Australia for funding this research, and the many
collaborators who assisted in the field, contributed samples, and
assisted in accessing reference specimens. In particular, we thank L.
Marshall, K. Khampetch, S. Woranchananant, V. Schluessel, Fahmi, W.
White, P. Last, E. Garvilles, N. Barut, E. Alesna, M. Sarmiento, A.
Gutteridge, G. Johnson, A. Harry, O. Bittar, C. Dudgeon, J. White, S.
Peverell, R. Pillans, J. Salini, R. Buckworth, D. Almojil, A. Graham, M.
McGrouther, M. Shivji, M. Heithaus, D. Catania, the staff at the PengHu
Islands Marine Biological Research Station, Taiwan and Phuket Marine
Biological Station in Thailand, and the Australian-American Fulbright
Commission for funding US activities. Fieldwork was under the Guidelines
of the University of Queensland Animal Ethics Committee (Approval
ANRFA/615/08). Collection in the Philippines was undertaken under an MOA
with the Department of Agriculture (Marine Fisheries Research Division,
BFAR-NFRDI), Commodity clearance No. 09-5295. Indonesian field
collections were part of a project of the Australian Centre for
International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) in association with the
Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) and Ministry of Marine Affairs
and Fisheries' Research Center for Capture Fisheries (RCCF) (Project
FIS/2003/037). In Thailand, field surveys were undertaken as part of a
visiting studentship at Kasetsart University's Department of Marine
Science.
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U2 10
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD APR 21
PY 2016
VL 548
BP 165
EP 180
DI 10.3354/meps11617
PG 16
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA DM5GF
UT WOS:000376375000012
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, RC
Garza, JC
MacFarlane, RB
Grimes, CB
Phillis, CC
Koch, PL
Weber, PK
Carr, MH
AF Johnson, Rachel C.
Garza, John Carlos
MacFarlane, R. Bruce
Grimes, Churchill B.
Phillis, Corey C.
Koch, Paul L.
Weber, Peter K.
Carr, Mark H.
TI Isotopes and genes reveal freshwater origins of Chinook salmon
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha aggregations in California's coastal ocean
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Winter-run Chinook salmon; Schooling; Otolith microchemistry; Strontium;
Navigation
ID WIRE TAG RECOVERIES; LA-MC-ICPMS; PACIFIC SALMON; STOCK IDENTIFICATION;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MICROSATELLITE DNA; CENTRAL VALLEY; OTOLITH
MICROCHEMISTRY; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; ATLANTIC SALMON
AB The ability of salmon to navigate from the ocean back to their river of origin to spawn acts to reinforce local adaptation and maintenance of unique and heritable traits among salmon populations. Here, the extent to which Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha from the same freshwater breeding groups associate together in the ocean at regional and smaller-scale aggregations prior to homeward migration is evaluated. Natural variation in salmon otolith daily growth bands, strontium isotopes (Sr-87/Sr-86), and microsatellite DNA were used as intrinsic tags to link the distributions of fish caught in the ocean with their freshwater origins. Adults were caught from vessels by hook and line in small aggregations (7-18 ind.) at the same geographic location (1-24 km of coastline) and time (4-36 h) from 3 ocean regions along central California, USA. Salmon caught together in aggregations were from the same genetic group, and to a lesser extent, of the same natal origin (individual rivers or hatcheries). However, at regional scales, adult salmon mixed. Central Valley winter-run Chinook salmon caught together in the ocean varied in the duration of freshwater rearing for up to 2-3 mo prior to seaward migration, suggesting associations within the group were not established in freshwater or maintained over the lifetime of the fish. Our findings are consistent with coarser information indicating stocks are distributed differently in time and space, but larger sample sizes are required to evaluate the consistency of patterns at smaller spatial scales. This study uncovers freshwater associations prior to homeward migration, a principle and undocumented prerequisite of the collective navigation hypothesis.
C1 [Johnson, Rachel C.; Garza, John Carlos; MacFarlane, R. Bruce; Grimes, Churchill B.] NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Johnson, Rachel C.; Carr, Mark H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Garza, John Carlos] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[MacFarlane, R. Bruce; Grimes, Churchill B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Phillis, Corey C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 307 McCone Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Koch, Paul L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Weber, Peter K.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Phillis, Corey C.] Metropolitan Water Dist Southern Calif, 1121 L St Suite 900, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.; Johnson, RC (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM rachel.johnson@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Fisheries through the Student Careers' Experience Program;
University of California's Coastal Environmental Quality Initiative;
Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal Oceans (PISCO);
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; David and Lucile Packard Foundation;
Myers Oceanographic Trust
FX We thank W. Satterthwaite and S. Lindley for discussions and significant
improvements to the manuscript, F. Ramos and D. Tollstrup for assistance
with Sr isotopic measurements, E. Anderson and A. Clemento for
assistance with genetic analyses, and P. Raimondi and C. Syms for
statistical advice. Special thanks to M. Kilgour, A. Nickels, S. Reins,
and A. Bachar for tissue collection and preparation. This project would
not have been possible without the fishing skills of P. Parravano, J.
Hie, R. Block, J. Estes, S. Berkeley, J. Figurski, S. Sogard and the
crew and patrons of the 'New Captain Pete', 'The Outer Limits', and
'Dave's Albacore'. A. Smith provided GIS assistance for Fig. 1, and G.
Whitman provided editorial assistance. We thank the programs that funded
this work: NOAA Fisheries through the Student Careers' Experience
Program, University of California's Coastal Environmental Quality
Initiative, and the Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal
Oceans (PISCO), which is funded primarily by the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and the Myers
Oceanographic Trust.
NR 86
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 6
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD APR 21
PY 2016
VL 548
BP 181
EP 196
DI 10.3354/meps11623
PG 16
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA DM5GF
UT WOS:000376375000013
ER
PT J
AU Crear, DP
Lawson, DD
Seminoff, JA
Eguchi, T
LeRoux, RA
Lowe, CG
AF Crear, Daniel P.
Lawson, Daniel D.
Seminoff, Jeffrey A.
Eguchi, Tomoharu
LeRoux, Robin A.
Lowe, Christopher G.
TI Seasonal shifts in the movement and distribution of green sea turtles
Chelonia mydas in response to anthropogenically altered water
temperatures
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermal refuge; Ectotherm; Warm water effluent; Power plants; Acoustic
telemetry; Foraging aggregation
ID GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; MARINE-ENVIRONMENT; SCALE MOVEMENTS; FORAGING AREA;
GROWTH-RATES; MODELS; FLORIDA; LAGOON; DORMANCY; ECOLOGY
AB Anthropogenically altered water temperatures (AAWT) have the potential to affect the movement and distribution of marine ectothermic species. Green sea turtles (GSTs) Chelonia mydas are an ectothermic species observed inhabiting 2 sites with AAWT at the northern point of their geographical range in the eastern Pacific. An acoustic receiver array was deployed with temperature loggers at the San Gabriel River, Long Beach, CA, where 2 power plants discharge warm water into the river, and at the 7th St. Basin, Seal Beach, CA, a dredged shallow basin with warmer water compared to surrounding coastal habitats during the summer months. Juvenile GSTs (n = 22, straight carapace length = 45.2 to 96.8 cm) were tagged with acoustic transmitters. Turtles in the basin migrated into the river during winter months when temperatures dropped below 15 degrees C. During the winter, turtles were most frequently detected at the river receiver stations adjacent to and downstream of the power plants. This suggests that GSTs use the warm effluent as a thermal refuge, avoiding colder areas upstream of the power plants and near the river mouth. In the summer, turtles were most frequently detected at receiver stations upstream of the power plants, potentially exploiting areas of the river with higher primary productivity. AAWT sustain the northernmost aggregation of GSTs in the eastern Pacific year round; however, based on GST thermal tolerance, this population is expected to change their movement patterns when the power plants discontinue discharging warm water by 2029.
C1 [Crear, Daniel P.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, POB 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Lawson, Daniel D.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, West Coast Reg Off, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 501 West Ocean Blvd,Suite 4200, Long Beach, CA 90802 USA.
[Seminoff, Jeffrey A.; Eguchi, Tomoharu; LeRoux, Robin A.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Lowe, Christopher G.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Biol Sci, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
RP Crear, DP (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, POB 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
EM dcrear8@gmail.com
FU NOAA Fisheries West Coast Regional Office; SCTC Marine Biology
Foundation; Los Angeles Rod and Reel Club
FX Financial support was provided by the NOAA Fisheries West Coast Regional
Office, SCTC Marine Biology Foundation, and the Los Angeles Rod and Reel
Club. We thank US Fish and Wildlife manager K. Gilligan, US Navy
Ecologist B. Schallmann, and Los Cerritos Wetlands for logical support.
We also thank the following individuals for their support in the field:
D. Prosperi, J. Schumacher, B. MacDonald, and the entire NOAA-NMFS team
that assisted with turtle capture. We especially thank numerous
volunteers who helped with data-collection, including J. Hinricher, A.
Jimenez, C. White, and W. Stahnke. We particularly thank D. Johnson, J.
Archie, and T. Fahy for their input and guidance during the project. All
research and animal handling was carried out under the National Marine
Fisheries Service Permit #14510
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 17
U2 28
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD APR 21
PY 2016
VL 548
BP 219
EP 232
DI 10.3354/meps11696
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA DM5GF
UT WOS:000376375000016
ER
PT J
AU Lindsay, RE
Constantine, R
Robbins, J
Mattila, DK
Tagarino, A
Dennis, TE
AF Lindsay, Rebecca E.
Constantine, Rochelle
Robbins, Jooke
Mattila, David K.
Tagarino, Alden
Dennis, Todd E.
TI Characterising essential breeding habitat for whales informs the
development of large-scale Marine Protected Areas in the South Pacific
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Habitat; Maximum Entropy Modelling; Humpback whale; MPA; Megaptera
novaeangliae
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; HUMPBACK WHALES; MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE;
SAMPLE-SIZE; DISTRIBUTIONS; MAXENT; CONSERVATION; IDENTIFICATION;
PERFORMANCE; HAWAII
AB There are significant challenges associated with mapping critical habitat for large, migratory species. The humpback whales of Oceania in the South Pacific are no exception, with their winter breeding grounds spanning > 4000 km of ocean basin. This subpopulation is listed as endangered, but there are few systematic spatial data with which to prioritise specific areas for additional research or conservation. A few sites in Oceania have been the focus of long-term, non-systematic population surveys. Using the maximum entropy algorithm, we developed predictive habitat models for 2 such sites: American Samoa 2003-2010 (n = 300) and Tonga 1996-2007 (n = 475), using sightings of whale groups and environmental factors hypothesised to influence their space-use patterns. At both sites, shallow water was the best predictor of the spatial distribution of mother-calf pairs. In contrast, access to deep water was important for adult groups, and seafloor slope and rugosity influenced habitat suitability for males engaged in acoustic breeding displays. Our study illustrates the value of predictive modelling for identifying habitat partitioning for specific sub-groups of a wider population. Similarities between habitat requirements predicted in our study to those identified for other populations suggest that the slow recovery of Oceania humpback whales cannot be attributed to unusual breeding-habitat needs; instead, there may be other factors influencing the slow increase in population size. We recommend that the modelling techniques utilised here be used to identify other breeding sites within Oceania for future research and conservation efforts across the South Pacific region.
C1 [Lindsay, Rebecca E.; Constantine, Rochelle; Dennis, Todd E.] Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
[Constantine, Rochelle] Univ Auckland, Inst Marine Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
[Robbins, Jooke; Mattila, David K.] Ctr Coastal Studies, Provincetown, MA USA.
[Mattila, David K.] Hawaiian Isl Humpback Whale Natl Marine Sanctuary, Kihei, HI USA.
[Tagarino, Alden] Amer Samoa Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, Pago Pago, AS USA.
[Tagarino, Alden] Univ Philippines, Inst Renewable & Nat Resources, Laguna, Philippines.
RP Constantine, R (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand.; Constantine, R (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Inst Marine Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
EM r.constantine@auckland.ac.nz
OI Constantine, Rochelle/0000-0003-3260-539X
NR 59
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 15
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD APR 21
PY 2016
VL 548
BP 263
EP 275
DI 10.3354/meps11663
PG 13
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA DM5GF
UT WOS:000376375000019
ER
PT J
AU Olivieri, G
Parry, KM
Powell, CJ
Tobias, DJ
Brown, MA
AF Olivieri, Giorgia
Parry, Krista M.
Powell, Cedric J.
Tobias, Douglas J.
Brown, Matthew A.
TI Quantitative interpretation of molecular dynamics simulations for X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy of aqueous solutions
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MEAN FREE PATHS; AUGER-ELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; AIR-WATER-INTERFACE;
50-2000 EV RANGE; LIQUID/VAPOR INTERFACE; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; BULK
WATER; NANOPARTICLES; PARAMETERS; SURFACES
AB Over the past decade, energy-dependent ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has emerged as a powerful analytical probe of the ion spatial distributions at the vapor (vacuum)aqueous electrolyte interface. These experiments are often paired with complementary molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in an attempt to provide a complete description of the liquid interface. There is, however, no systematic protocol that permits a straightforward comparison of the two sets of results. XPS is an integrated technique that averages signals from multiple layers in a solution even at the lowest photoelectron kinetic energies routinely employed, whereas MD simulations provide a microscopic layer-by-layer description of the solution composition near the interface. Here, we use the National Institute of Standards and Technology database for the Simulation of Electron Spectra for Surface Analysis (SESSA) to quantitatively interpret atom-density profiles from MD simulations for XPS signal intensities using sodium and potassium iodide solutions as examples. We show that electron inelastic mean free paths calculated from a semi-empirical formula depend strongly on solution composition, varying by up to 30% between pure water and concentrated NaI. The XPS signal thus arises from different information depths in different solutions for a fixed photoelectron kinetic energy. XPS signal intensities are calculated using SESSA as a function of photoelectron kinetic energy (probe depth) and compared with a widely employed ad hoc method. SESSA simulations illustrate the importance of accounting for elastic-scattering events at low photoelectron kinetic energies (<300 eV) where the ad hoc method systematically underestimates the preferential enhancement of anions over cations. Finally, some technical aspects of applying SESSA to liquid interfaces are discussed. Published by AIP Publishing.
C1 [Olivieri, Giorgia; Brown, Matthew A.] ETH, Dept Mat, Lab Surface Sci & Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Parry, Krista M.; Tobias, Douglas J.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Powell, Cedric J.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Brown, MA (reprint author), ETH, Dept Mat, Lab Surface Sci & Technol, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
EM matthew.brown@mat.ethz.ch
RI Brown, Matthew/D-9236-2012; Tobias, Douglas/B-6799-2015
FU ETH Research Grant [ETH-20 13-2]; National Science Foundation
[CHE-0431312]; Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology at ETH
Zurich
FX G.O. is funded through an ETH Research Grant (No. ETH-20 13-2). The work
at UC Irvine is supported in part by a grant from the National Science
Foundation (No. CHE-0431312). G.O. and M.A.B. are indebted to Professor
Nicholas D. Spencer and the Laboratory for Surface Science and
Technology at ETH Zurich for continued support. Professor John C.
Hemminger is acknowledged for insightful discussions.
NR 46
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 8
U2 24
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD APR 21
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 15
AR 154704
DI 10.1063/1.4947027
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DL6YM
UT WOS:000375786000035
PM 27389231
ER
PT J
AU Patrone, PN
Rosch, TW
Phelan, FR
AF Patrone, Paul N.
Rosch, Thomas W.
Phelan, Frederick R., Jr.
TI Bayesian calibration of coarse-grained forces: Efficiently addressing
transferability
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ITERATIVE BOLTZMANN INVERSION; UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; POTENTIALS; TEMPERATURE; POLYSTYRENE; SYSTEMS;
SIMULATIONS; MODELS
AB Generating and calibrating forces that are transferable across a range of state-points remains a challenging task in coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics. In this work, we present a coarse-graining workflow, inspired by ideas from uncertainty quantification and numerical analysis, to address this problem. The key idea behind our approach is to introduce a Bayesian correction algorithm that uses functional derivatives of CG simulations to rapidly and inexpensively recalibrate initial estimates f(0) of forces anchored by standard methods such as force-matching. Taking density-temperature relationships as a running example, we demonstrate that this algorithm, in concert with various interpolation schemes, can be used to efficiently compute physically reasonable force curves on a fine grid of state-points. Importantly, we show that our workflow is robust to several choices available to the modeler, including the interpolation schemes and tools used to construct f(0). In a related vein, we also demonstrate that our approach can speed up coarse-graining by reducing the number of atomistic simulations needed as inputs to standard methods for generating CG forces.
C1 [Patrone, Paul N.; Rosch, Thomas W.; Phelan, Frederick R., Jr.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Patrone, PN (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM paul.patrone@nist.gov
FU NIST [506]; National Science Foundation Math Institute 507 [DMS-0931945]
FX All authors thank Debra Audus, Timothy Burns, Andrew Dienstfrey, and
Anthony Kearsley for useful comments during preparation of the
manuscript. T.R. thanks Sergei Izvekov (Army Research Lab) for the use
of his FM code implemented on the Garnet cluster located at the ERDC
DSRC. Part of this work was completed while P.P. was a postdoctoral
fellow at the Institute for Mathematics and its Applications (IMA) under
a 506 grant from NIST to the IMA. The IMA is a National Science
Foundation Math Institute 507 funded under Award No. DMS-0931945.
NR 43
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD APR 21
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 15
AR 154101
DI 10.1063/1.4945380
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DL6YM
UT WOS:000375786000007
PM 27389203
ER
PT J
AU Nguyen, TB
Tyndall, GS
Crounse, JD
Teng, AP
Bates, KH
Schwantes, RH
Coggon, MM
Zhang, L
Feiner, P
Milller, DO
Skog, KM
Rivera-Rios, JC
Dorris, M
Olson, KF
Koss, A
Wild, RJ
Brown, SS
Goldstein, AH
de Gouw, JA
Brune, WH
Keutsch, FN
Seinfeldcj, JH
Wennberg, PO
AF Nguyen, Tran B.
Tyndall, Geoffrey S.
Crounse, John D.
Teng, Alexander P.
Bates, Kelvin H.
Schwantes, Rebecca H.
Coggon, Matthew M.
Zhang, Li
Feiner, Philip
Milller, David O.
Skog, Kate M.
Rivera-Rios, Jean C.
Dorris, Matthew
Olson, Kevin F.
Koss, Abigail
Wild, Robert J.
Brown, Steven S.
Goldstein, Allen H.
de Gouw, Joost A.
Brune, William H.
Keutsch, Frank N.
Seinfeldcj, John H.
Wennberg, Paul O.
TI Atmospheric fates of Criegee intermediates in the ozonolysis of isoprene
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS-PHASE OZONOLYSIS; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; CONFORMER-DEPENDENT
REACTIVITY; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS;
PEROXY RADICAL REACTIONS; OZONE-ALKENE REACTIONS; METHYL VINYL KETONE;
CARBONYL OXIDES; WATER-VAPOR
AB We use a large laboratory, modeling, and field dataset to investigate the isoprene + O-3 reaction, with the goal of better understanding the fates of the C-1 and C-4 Criegee intermediates in the atmosphere. Although ozonolysis can produce several distinct Criegee intermediates, the C-1 stabilized Criegee (CH2OO, 61 +/- 9%) is the only one observed to react bimolecularly. We suggest that the C-4 Criegees have a low stabilization fraction and propose pathways for their decomposition. Both prompt and non-prompt reactions are important in the production of OH (28% +/- 5%) and formaldehyde (81% +/- 16%). The yields of unimolecular products (OH, formaldehyde, methacrolein (42 +/- 6%) and methyl vinyl ketone (18 +/- 6%)) are fairly insensitive to water, i.e., changes in yields in response to water vapor (<= 4% absolute) are within the error of the analysis. We propose a comprehensive reaction mechanism that can be incorporated into atmospheric models, which reproduces laboratory data over a wide range of relative humidities. The mechanism proposes that CH2OO + H2O (k((H2O)) similar to 1 x 10(-15) cm(3) molec(-1) s(-1)) yields 73% hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide (HMHP), 6% formaldehyde + H2O2, and 21% formic acid + H2O; and CH2OO + (H2O)(2) (k((H2O)2) similar to 1 x 10(-12) cm(3) molec(-1) s(-1)) yields 40% HMHP, 6% formaldehyde + H2O2, and 54% formic acid + H2O. Competitive rate determinations (k(SO2)/k((H2O)n=1,2) similar to 2.2 (+/- 0.3) x 10(4)) and field observations suggest that water vapor is a sink for greater than 98% of CH2OO in a Southeastern US forest, even during pollution episodes ([SO2] similar to 10 ppb). The importance of the CH2OO + (H2O)(n) reaction is demonstrated by high HMHP mixing ratios observed over the forest canopy. We find that CH2OO does not substantially affect the lifetime of SO2 or HCOOH in the Southeast US, e.g., CH2OO + SO2 reaction is a minor contribution (<6%) to sulfate formation. Extrapolating, these results imply that sulfate production by stabilized Criegees is likely unimportant in regions dominated by the reactivity of ozone with isoprene. In contrast, hydroperoxide, organic acid, and formaldehyde formation from isoprene ozonolysis in those areas may be significant.
C1 [Nguyen, Tran B.; Crounse, John D.; Teng, Alexander P.; Schwantes, Rebecca H.; Wennberg, Paul O.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Tyndall, Geoffrey S.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Atmospher Chem Observat & Modeling Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Bates, Kelvin H.; Coggon, Matthew M.; Seinfeldcj, John H.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Zhang, Li; Feiner, Philip; Milller, David O.; Brune, William H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 503 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Skog, Kate M.; Rivera-Rios, Jean C.; Dorris, Matthew; Keutsch, Frank N.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, 1101 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Olson, Kevin F.; Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Olson, Kevin F.; Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Coggon, Matthew M.; Koss, Abigail; Wild, Robert J.; Brown, Steven S.; de Gouw, Joost A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Wild, Robert J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Seinfeldcj, John H.; Wennberg, Paul O.] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Nguyen, Tran B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Rivera-Rios, Jean C.; Keutsch, Frank N.] Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Olson, Kevin F.] Chevron Corp, San Ramon, CA USA.
RP Nguyen, TB (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.; Nguyen, TB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM tbn@ucdavis.edu
RI de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Coggon, Matthew/I-8604-2016; Brown,
Steven/I-1762-2013; Koss, Abigail/B-5421-2015; Crounse,
John/C-3700-2014; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Coggon, Matthew/0000-0002-5763-1925;
Crounse, John/0000-0001-5443-729X;
FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS-1331360]; NSF [AGS-1240604];
Electric Power Research Institute [EPRI-10003903]
FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. National Science
Foundation (NSF) Postdoctoral Research Fellowship award AGS-1331360, NSF
grant AGS-1240604, and the Electric Power Research Institute grant
EPRI-10003903. We thank the organizers and participants of the FIXCIT
chamber campaign and SOAS field campaign.
NR 107
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 39
U2 95
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
EI 1463-9084
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PD APR 21
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 15
BP 10241
EP 10254
DI 10.1039/c6cp00053c
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DJ6VF
UT WOS:000374350600043
PM 27021601
ER
PT J
AU Schwarz, S
Bollen, G
Ringle, R
Savory, J
Schury, P
AF Schwarz, S.
Bollen, G.
Ringle, R.
Savory, J.
Schury, P.
TI The LEBIT ion cooler and buncher
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Radiofrequency quadrupole; Radioactive ion beams; Beam transport
ID PROJECTILE FRAGMENTS; CHARGED-PARTICLES; MASS MEASUREMENTS; RARE
ISOTOPES; BEAM BUNCHER; GAS CELL; TRAP; PERFORMANCE; EXTRACTION;
FACILITY
AB This paper presents a detailed description of the ion cooler and buncher, installed at the Low Energy Beam and Ion Trap Facility (LEBIT) at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL). NSCL uses gas stopping to provide rare isotopes from projectile fragmentation for its low-energy physics program and to the re-accelerator ReA. The LEBIT ion buncher converts the continuous rare-isotope beam, delivered from the gas stopping cell, into short, low-emittance ion pulses, required for high precision mass measurements with a 9.4 T Penning trap mass spectrometer. Operation at cryogenic temperatures, a simplified electrode structure and dedicated rugged electronics contribute to the high performance and reliability of the device, which have been essential to the successful LEBIT physics program since 2005. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Schwarz, S.; Ringle, R.] MSU, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI USA.
[Bollen, G.] MSU, Facil Rare Isotope Beams, E Lansing, MI USA.
[Bollen, G.] MSU, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI USA.
[Savory, J.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Schury, P.] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058577, Japan.
RP Schwarz, S (reprint author), MSU, Natl Superconducting Cyclotron Lab, E Lansing, MI USA.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
EI 1872-9576
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD APR 21
PY 2016
VL 816
BP 131
EP 141
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2016.01.078
PG 11
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA DF0DO
UT WOS:000371009400019
ER
PT J
AU Bower, GC
Deller, A
Demorest, P
Brunthaler, A
Falcke, H
Moscibrodzka, M
O'Leary, RM
Eatough, RP
Kramer, M
Lee, KJ
Spitler, L
Desvignes, G
Rushton, AP
Doeleman, S
Reid, MJ
AF Bower, Geoffrey C.
Deller, Adam
Demorest, Paul
Brunthaler, Andreas
Falcke, Heino
Moscibrodzka, Monika
O'Leary, Ryan M.
Eatough, Ralph P.
Kramer, Michael
Lee, K. J.
Spitler, Laura
Desvignes, Gregory
Rushton, Anthony P.
Doeleman, Sheperd
Reid, Mark J.
TI THE PROPER MOTION OF THE GALACTIC CENTER PULSAR RELATIVE TO SAGITTARIUS
A (vol 798, 120, 2015)
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Bower, Geoffrey C.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 645 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Deller, Adam; Falcke, Heino] ASTRON, POB 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands.
[Demorest, Paul] NRAO, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Brunthaler, Andreas; Falcke, Heino; Eatough, Ralph P.; Kramer, Michael; Lee, K. J.; Spitler, Laura; Desvignes, Gregory] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Falcke, Heino; Moscibrodzka, Monika] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[O'Leary, Ryan M.] Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[O'Leary, Ryan M.] NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kramer, Michael] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Rushton, Anthony P.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Astrophys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Rushton, Anthony P.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Doeleman, Sheperd] MIT, Haystack Observ, Route 40, Westford, MA 01886 USA.
[Doeleman, Sheperd; Reid, Mark J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Bower, GC (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 645 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
EM gbower@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD APR 20
PY 2016
VL 821
IS 2
AR 133
DI 10.3847/0004-637X/821/2/133
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DN5JM
UT WOS:000377102700062
ER
PT J
AU Tang, WS
Matsuo, M
Wu, H
Stavila, V
Zhou, W
Talin, AA
Soloninin, AV
Skoryunov, RV
Babanova, OA
Skripov, AV
Unemoto, A
Orimo, SI
Udovic, TJ
AF Tang, Wan Si
Matsuo, Motoaki
Wu, Hui
Stavila, Vitalie
Zhou, Wei
Talin, Albert Alec
Soloninin, Alexei V.
Skoryunov, Roman V.
Babanova, Olga A.
Skripov, Alexander V.
Unemoto, Atsushi
Orimo, Shin-Ichi
Udovic, Terrence J.
TI Liquid-Like Ionic Conduction in Solid Lithium and Sodium
Monocarba-closo-Decaborates Near or at Room Temperature
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANION REORIENTATIONS; SUPERIONIC CONDUCTION; NA2B12H12; PHASE;
LI2B12H12; LIBH4
C1 [Tang, Wan Si] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Tang, Wan Si; Wu, Hui; Zhou, Wei; Udovic, Terrence J.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Matsuo, Motoaki; Orimo, Shin-Ichi] Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
[Stavila, Vitalie; Talin, Albert Alec] Sandia Natl Labs, Energy Nanomat, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Soloninin, Alexei V.; Skoryunov, Roman V.; Babanova, Olga A.; Skripov, Alexander V.] Russian Acad Sci, Ural Branch, Inst Met Phys, Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia.
[Unemoto, Atsushi; Orimo, Shin-Ichi] Tohoku Univ, WPI Adv Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
RP Tang, WS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Tang, WS; Udovic, TJ (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Orimo, SI (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.; Orimo, SI (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, WPI Adv Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
EM wansi.tang@nist.gov; orimo@imr.tohoku.ac.jp; udovic@nist.gov
RI Babanova, Olga/J-4821-2013; Wu, Hui/C-6505-2008; Zhou, Wei/C-6504-2008;
ORIMO, Shin-ichi/A-4971-2011; Unemoto, Atsushi/D-3051-2013; Skripov,
Alexander/K-4525-2013; Soloninin, Alexey/J-8580-2013;
OI Babanova, Olga/0000-0002-2422-3263; Wu, Hui/0000-0003-0296-5204; Zhou,
Wei/0000-0002-5461-3617; ORIMO, Shin-ichi/0000-0002-4216-0446; Skripov,
Alexander/0000-0002-0610-5538; Soloninin, Alexey/0000-0001-7127-9641;
Skoryunov, Roman/0000-0001-6158-9056
FU Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES), an Energy Frontier
Research Center - US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic
Energy Sciences [DESC0001160]; Collaborative Research Center on Energy
Materials, Tohoku University; Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research
and Development Program (ALCA) from the Japan Science and Technology
Agency (JST); JSPS [25220911, 26820311]; Russian Federal Agency of
Scientific Organizations under Program "Spin" [01201463330]; Russian
Foundation for Basic Research [15-03-01114]; NSF [DMR-0944772]; US DOE
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
FX This work was performed, in part, in collaboration between members of
IEA HIA Task 32- Hydrogen-based Energy Storage. The authors gratefully
acknowledge support from the Nanostructures for Electrical Energy
Storage (NEES), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the US
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under
Award number DESC0001160; the Collaborative Research Center on Energy
Materials, Tohoku University; the Advanced Low Carbon Technology
Research and Development Program (ALCA) from the Japan Science and
Technology Agency (JST); JSPS KAKENHI under Grant Nos. 25220911 and
26820311; the Russian Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations under
Program "Spin" No. 01201463330; and the Russian Foundation for Basic
Research under Grant No. 15-03-01114. This work utilized facilities
supported in part by the NSF under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. Sandia is
a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed
Martin Company, for the US DOE National Nuclear Security Administration
under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.
NR 22
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 21
U2 40
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD APR 20
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 8
AR 1502237
DI 10.1002/aenm.201502237
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA DK1VU
UT WOS:000374703900011
ER
PT J
AU Coddington, I
Newbury, N
Swann, W
AF Coddington, Ian
Newbury, Nathan
Swann, William
TI Dual-comb spectroscopy
SO OPTICA
LA English
DT Review
ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY; OPTICAL PARAMETRIC OSCILLATOR;
MIDINFRARED FREQUENCY-COMB; TIME-DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPY; CONTINUOUS-WAVE
LASER; HIGH-RESOLUTION; FIBER LASER; TERAHERTZ SPECTROSCOPY; FEMTOSECOND
LASERS; RESOLVED MODES
AB Dual-comb spectroscopy is an emerging new spectroscopic tool that exploits the frequency resolution, frequency accuracy, broad bandwidth, and brightness of frequency combs for ultrahigh-resolution, high-sensitivity broadband spectroscopy. By using two coherent frequency combs, dual-comb spectroscopy allows a sample's spectral response to be measured on a comb tooth-by-tooth basis rapidly and without the size constraints or instrument response limitations of conventional spectrometers. This review describes dual-comb spectroscopy and summarizes the current state of the art. As frequency comb technology progresses, dual-comb spectroscopy will continue to mature and could surpass conventional broadband spectroscopy for a wide range of laboratory and field applications.
C1 [Coddington, Ian; Newbury, Nathan; Swann, William] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Coddington, I (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM ian.coddington@nist.gov; nathan.newbury@nist.gov
FU Defense Sciences Office, DARPA (DSO); Advanced Research Projects Agency
- Energy (ARPA-E); National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
FX Defense Sciences Office, DARPA (DSO); Advanced Research Projects Agency
- Energy (ARPA-E); National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST).
NR 117
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 23
U2 49
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2334-2536
J9 OPTICA
JI Optica
PD APR 20
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 4
BP 414
EP 426
DI 10.1364/OPTICA.3.000414
PG 13
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DK2MQ
UT WOS:000374749100012
ER
PT J
AU Loredo, JC
Zakaria, NA
Somaschi, N
Anton, C
de Santis, L
Giesz, V
Grange, T
Broome, MA
Gazzano, O
Coppola, G
Sagnes, I
Lemaitre, A
Auffeves, A
Senellart, P
Almeida, MP
White, AG
AF Loredo, Juan C.
Zakaria, Nor A.
Somaschi, Niccolo
Anton, Carlos
de Santis, Lorenzo
Giesz, Valerian
Grange, Thomas
Broome, Matthew A.
Gazzano, Olivier
Coppola, Guillaume
Sagnes, Isabelle
Lemaitre, Aristide
Auffeves, Alexia
Senellart, Pascale
Almeida, Marcelo P.
White, Andrew G.
TI Scalable performance in solid-state single-photon sources
SO OPTICA
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-DOT; ULTRABRIGHT SOURCE; INDISTINGUISHABILITY; DEVICE;
TELEPORTATION; MICROCAVITY; EMISSION
AB The desiderata for an ideal photon source are high brightness, high single-photon purity, and high indistinguishability. Defining brightness at the first collection lens, these properties have been simultaneously demonstrated with solid-state sources; however, absolute source efficiencies remain close to the 1% level and indistinguishability has only been demonstrated for photons emitted consecutively on the few-nanoseconds scale. Here, we employ deterministic quantum dot-micropillar devices to demonstrate solid-state single-photon sources with scalable performances. In one device, an absolute brightness at the output of a single-mode fiber of 14% and purities of 97.1%-99.0% are demonstrated. When nonresontantly excited, it emits a long stream of photons that exhibit indistinguishability up to 70%-above the classical limit of 50%-even after 33 consecutively emitted photons with a 400 ns separation between them. Resonant excitation in other devices results in near-optimal indistinguishability values: 96% at short timescales, remaining at 88% in timescales as large as 463 ns after 39 emitted photons. The performance attained by our devices brings solid-state sources into a regime suitable for scalable implementations. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Loredo, Juan C.; Zakaria, Nor A.; Broome, Matthew A.; Almeida, Marcelo P.; White, Andrew G.] Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, Ctr Quantum Computat & Commun Technol, Ctr Engn Quantum Syst, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Somaschi, Niccolo; Anton, Carlos; de Santis, Lorenzo; Giesz, Valerian; Gazzano, Olivier; Coppola, Guillaume; Sagnes, Isabelle; Lemaitre, Aristide; Senellart, Pascale] Univ Paris Saclay, CNRS, LPN, F-91460 Marcoussis, France.
[de Santis, Lorenzo] Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Grange, Thomas; Auffeves, Alexia] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inst Neel, Nanophys & Semicond Grp, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
[Senellart, Pascale] Univ Paris Saclay, Ecole Polytech, Dept Phys, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Broome, Matthew A.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Ctr Excellence Quantum Computat & Commun Technol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Gazzano, Olivier] Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Loredo, JC (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, Ctr Quantum Computat & Commun Technol, Ctr Engn Quantum Syst, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM juan.loredo1@gmail.com
RI Lemaitre, Aristide/B-9899-2009; Broome, Matthew/D-2560-2010; Loredo
Rosillo, Juan Carlos/M-8117-2016; SENELLART, Pascale/C-1771-2017;
OI Lemaitre, Aristide/0000-0003-1892-9726; Loredo Rosillo, Juan
Carlos/0000-0001-9117-1187; SENELLART, Pascale/0000-0002-8727-1086;
Anton, Carlos/0000-0002-9316-4340
FU Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems [CE110001013]; Centre for Quantum
Computation and Communication Technology [CE110001027]; Asian Office of
Aerospace Research and Development [FA2386-13-1-4070]; ARC Discovery
Early Career Research Award [DE120101899]; ERC Starting Grant [277885
QD-CQED]; French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR DELIGHT, ANR
USSEPP); French RENATECH network Labex NanoSaclay; European Union's
Seventh Framework Programme FP7 [618078 WASPS]
FX Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems (CE110001013); Centre for Quantum
Computation and Communication Technology (CE110001027); Asian Office of
Aerospace Research and Development (FA2386-13-1-4070); ARC Discovery
Early Career Research Award (DE120101899); ERC Starting Grant (277885
QD-CQED); French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR DELIGHT, ANR
USSEPP); French RENATECH network Labex NanoSaclay; European Union's
Seventh Framework Programme FP7 (618078 WASPS).
NR 48
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 9
U2 18
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2334-2536
J9 OPTICA
JI Optica
PD APR 20
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 4
BP 433
EP 440
DI 10.1364/OPTICA.3.000433
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DK2MQ
UT WOS:000374749100014
ER
PT J
AU Bergeron, H
Sinclair, LC
Swann, WC
Nelson, CW
Deschenes, JD
Baumann, E
Giorgetta, FR
Coddington, I
Newbury, NR
AF Bergeron, Hugo
Sinclair, Laura C.
Swann, William C.
Nelson, Craig W.
Deschenes, Jean-Daniel
Baumann, Esther
Giorgetta, Fabrizio R.
Coddington, Ian
Newbury, Nathan R.
TI Tight real-time synchronization of a microwave clock to an optical clock
across a turbulent air path
SO OPTICA
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYOCOOLED SAPPHIRE OSCILLATOR; BASE-LINE INTERFEROMETRY; LOW
PHASE-NOISE; FREQUENCY TRANSFER; FIBER; GENERATION; TRANSMISSION;
CANCELLATION; ATMOSPHERE
AB The ability to distribute the precise time and frequency from an optical clock to remote platforms could enable future precise navigation and sensing systems. Here, we demonstrate tight, real-time synchronization of a remote microwave clock to a master optical clock over a turbulent 4 km open-air path via optical two-way time-frequency transfer. Once synchronized, the 10 GHz frequency signals generated at each site agree to 10(-14) at 1 s and below 10(-17) at 1000 s. In addition, the two clock times are synchronized to +/- 13 fs over an 8-hour period. The ability to phase-synchronize 10 GHz signals across platforms supports future distributed coherent sensing, while the ability to time-synchronize multiple microwave-based clocks to a high-performance master optical clock supports future precision navigation/timing systems.
C1 [Bergeron, Hugo; Sinclair, Laura C.; Swann, William C.; Nelson, Craig W.; Deschenes, Jean-Daniel; Baumann, Esther; Giorgetta, Fabrizio R.; Coddington, Ian; Newbury, Nathan R.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bergeron, Hugo; Deschenes, Jean-Daniel] Univ Laval, 2325 Rue Univ, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
RP Bergeron, H; Newbury, NR (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.; Bergeron, H (reprint author), Univ Laval, 2325 Rue Univ, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
EM hugo.bergeron@nist.gov; nathan.newbury@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Defense Sciences
Office, DARPA (DSO)
FX National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Defense Sciences
Office, DARPA (DSO).
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 6
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2334-2536
J9 OPTICA
JI Optica
PD APR 20
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 4
BP 441
EP 447
DI 10.1364/OPTICA.3.000441
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DK2MQ
UT WOS:000374749100015
ER
PT J
AU Chen, X
Harriger, L
Sefat, A
Birgeneau, RJ
Wilson, SD
AF Chen, Xiang
Harriger, Leland
Sefat, Athena
Birgeneau, R. J.
Wilson, Stephen D.
TI Strain-activated structural anisotropy in BaFe2As2
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON ARSENIDE SUPERCONDUCTOR; TRANSITION; ORDER
AB High-resolution single crystal neutron diffraction measurements are presented probing the magnetostructural response to uniaxial pressure in the iron pnictide parent system BaFe2As2. Scattering data reveal a strain-activated, anisotropic broadening of nuclear Bragg reflections, which increase upon cooling below the resolvable onset of global orthorhombicity. This anisotropy in lattice coherence continues to build until a lower temperature scale-the first-order onset of antiferromagnetism-is reached. Our data suggest that antiferromagnetism and strong magnetoelastic coupling drive the strain-activated lattice response in thismaterial and that the development of anisotropic lattice correlation lengths under strain is a possible origin for the high temperature transport anisotropy in this compound.
C1 [Chen, Xiang] Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA.
[Chen, Xiang; Wilson, Stephen D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Harriger, Leland] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sefat, Athena] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Birgeneau, R. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Birgeneau, R. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Birgeneau, R. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wilson, SD (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM stephendwilson@engineering.ucsb.edu
RI Sefat, Athena/R-5457-2016
OI Sefat, Athena/0000-0002-5596-3504
FU NSF CAREER [DMR-1056625]; US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic
Energy Sciences (BES), Materials Sciences and Engineering Division; US
Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials
Science and Engineering Division [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work was supported by NSF CAREER Award DMR-1056625 (S.D.W.).
Partial support given by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of
Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Materials Sciences and Engineering Division
(A.S.). The work at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was supported
by the US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Materials Science and Engineering Division, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 20
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 14
AR 144118
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.144118
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DJ9KD
UT WOS:000374531500003
ER
PT J
AU Dietz, TC
Tomaszewski, CE
Tsinas, Z
Poster, D
Barkatt, A
Adel-Hadadi, M
Bateman, FB
Cumberland, LT
Schneider, E
Gaskell, K
LaVerne, J
Al-Sheikhly, M
AF Dietz, Travis C.
Tomaszewski, Claire E.
Tsinas, Zois
Poster, Dianne
Barkatt, Aaron
Adel-Hadadi, Mohammad
Bateman, Fred B.
Cumberland, Lonnie T.
Schneider, Erich
Gaskell, Karen
LaVerne, Jay
Al-Sheikhly, Mohamad
TI Uranium Removal from Seawater by Means of Polyamide 6 Fibers Directly
Grafted with Diallyl Oxalate through a Single-Step, Solvent-Free
Irradiation Process
SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID URANYL; COMPLEXES; DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL
AB To test the effectiveness of oxalate-based polymeric adsorbents in the recovery of uranium from seawater, diallyl oxalate (DAOx) was grafted onto polyamide 6 fabrics by exposing the fabric, immersed in pure liquid DAOx or in a surfactant-stabilized dispersion of DAOx in water, to electron beam or gamma radiation. After the fabrics were dried and weighed to determine the degree of grafting (DoG), the presence of oxalate in the fabrics was verified using XPS. Zeta potential measurements showed the fabric surfaces to be negatively charged. The fabrics were tested by rotating them for 7 days in a rotary agitator with actual seawater spiked with 0.2 or 1.0 mg.L-1 uranium. The fraction of uranium in the solution which was removed due to uptake on the fabrics was found to rise with increasing DoG at both uranium concentrations. EDS measurements were used to map the distribution of adsorbed uranium on the polymeric fibers.
C1 [Dietz, Travis C.; Tomaszewski, Claire E.; Al-Sheikhly, Mohamad] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Tsinas, Zois] Univ Maryland, Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gaskell, Karen] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Poster, Dianne; Bateman, Fred B.; Cumberland, Lonnie T.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Barkatt, Aaron; Adel-Hadadi, Mohammad] Catholic Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20064 USA.
[Schneider, Erich] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Nucl & Radiat Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[LaVerne, Jay] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
RP Al-Sheikhly, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM mohamad@cua.edu
FU USA Department of Energy Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP)
[DE-NE0000723]
FX The authors are indebted to the USA Department of Energy Nuclear Energy
University Program (NEUP) for the financial support of this work through
Award No. DE-NE0000723. The authors acknowledge support of the Maryland
NanoCenter and its FabLab where the scanning electron microscopy with
energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was performed. The authors also
acknowledge the support of Tim Maugel with the Laboratory for Biological
Ultrastructure at the University of Maryland where scanning electron
microscopy was also performed. Certain commercial equipment,
instruments, or materials (or suppliers, or software, ... ) are
identified in this paper to foster understanding. Such identification
does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute
of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or
equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0888-5885
J9 IND ENG CHEM RES
JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
PD APR 20
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 15
BP 4179
EP 4186
DI 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b03401
PG 8
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA DK3JH
UT WOS:000374812400011
ER
PT J
AU Altman, RB
Prabhu, S
Sidow, A
Zook, JM
Goldfeder, R
Litwack, D
Ashley, E
Asimenos, G
Bustamante, CD
Donigan, K
Giacomini, KM
Johansen, E
Khuri, N
Lee, E
Liang, XS
Salit, M
Serang, O
Tezak, Z
Wall, DP
Mansfield, E
Kass-Hout, T
AF Altman, Russ B.
Prabhu, Snehit
Sidow, Arend
Zook, Justin M.
Goldfeder, Rachel
Litwack, David
Ashley, Euan
Asimenos, George
Bustamante, Carlos D.
Donigan, Katherine
Giacomini, Kathleen M.
Johansen, Elaine
Khuri, Natalia
Lee, Eunice
Liang, Xueying Sharon
Salit, Marc
Serang, Omar
Tezak, Zivana
Wall, Dennis P.
Mansfield, Elizabeth
Kass-Hout, Taha
TI A research roadmap for next-generation sequencing informatics
SO SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB Next-generation sequencing technologies are fueling a wave of new diagnostic tests. Progress on a key set of nine research challenge areas will help generate the knowledge required to advance effectively these diagnostics to the clinic.
C1 [Altman, Russ B.] Stanford Univ, Bioengn Genet & Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Prabhu, Snehit; Bustamante, Carlos D.] Stanford Univ, Biomed Data Sci & Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Sidow, Arend] Stanford Univ, Pathol & Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Zook, Justin M.; Salit, Marc] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Goldfeder, Rachel] Stanford Univ, Biomed Informat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Litwack, David; Donigan, Katherine; Johansen, Elaine; Lee, Eunice; Liang, Xueying Sharon; Tezak, Zivana; Mansfield, Elizabeth; Kass-Hout, Taha] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
[Ashley, Euan] Stanford Univ, Med Genet & Pathol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Asimenos, George; Serang, Omar] DNAnexus, Mountain View, CA 94040 USA.
[Giacomini, Kathleen M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Bioengn & Therapeut Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Khuri, Natalia; Salit, Marc] Stanford Univ, Bioengn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Zook, Justin M.; Salit, Marc] Stanford Univ, NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Wall, Dennis P.] Stanford Univ, Syst Med & Psychiat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Altman, RB (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Bioengn Genet & Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM russ.altman@stanford.edu
OI Kass-Hout, Taha/0000-0002-0123-5157
NR 2
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 1946-6234
EI 1946-6242
J9 SCI TRANSL MED
JI Sci. Transl. Med.
PD APR 20
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 335
AR 335ps10
DI 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf7314
PG 4
WC Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA DJ7SM
UT WOS:000374412300003
PM 27099173
ER
PT J
AU Gruss, D
Velizhanin, KA
Zwolak, M
AF Gruss, Daniel
Velizhanin, Kirill A.
Zwolak, Michael
TI Landauer's formula with finite-time relaxation: Kramers' crossover in
electronic transport
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTOR; CARBON NANOTUBE; QUANTUM TRANSPORT; QUANTIZED
CONDUCTANCE; DEPENDENT TRANSPORT; POINT CONTACTS; SINGLE; DNA; SYSTEMS;
NUCLEOTIDES
AB Landauer's formula is the standard theoretical tool to examine ballistic transport in nano-and mesoscale junctions, but it necessitates that any variation of the junction with time must be slow compared to characteristic times of the system, e.g., the relaxation time of local excitations. Transport through structurally dynamic junctions is, however, increasingly of interest for sensing, harnessing fluctuations, and real-time control. Here, we calculate the steady-state current when relaxation of electrons in the reservoirs is present and demonstrate that it gives rise to three regimes of behavior: weak relaxation gives a contact-limited current; strong relaxation localizes electrons, distorting their natural dynamics and reducing the current; and in an intermediate regime the Landauer view of the system only is recovered. We also demonstrate that a simple equation of motion emerges, which is suitable for efficiently simulating time-dependent transport.
C1 [Gruss, Daniel; Zwolak, Michael] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gruss, Daniel] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gruss, Daniel] Oregon State Univ, Dept Phys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Velizhanin, Kirill A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Zwolak, M (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mpz@nist.gov
RI Velizhanin, Kirill/C-4835-2008; Zwolak, Michael/G-2932-2013
OI Zwolak, Michael/0000-0001-6443-7816
FU University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards
and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the
University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; U.S. Department of Energy through
the LANL/LDRD Program
FX Daniel Gruss acknowledges support under the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
Award 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland. Kirill A.
Velizhanin was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy through the
LANL/LDRD Program.
NR 55
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 7
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD APR 20
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 24514
DI 10.1038/srep24514
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DJ7JG
UT WOS:000374387100001
PM 27094206
ER
PT J
AU Schimmelrnann, A
Qi, HP
Coplen, TB
Brand, WA
Fong, J
Meier-Augenstein, W
Kemp, HF
Toman, B
Ackermann, A
Assonov, S
Aerts-Bijma, AT
Brejcha, R
Chikaraishi, Y
Darwish, T
Elsner, M
Gehre, M
Geilmann, H
Groing, M
Helie, JF
Herrero-Martin, S
Meijer, HAJ
Sauer, PE
Sessions, AL
Werner, RA
AF Schimmelrnann, Arndt
Qi, Haiping
Coplen, Tyler B.
Brand, Willi A.
Fong, Jon
Meier-Augenstein, Wolfram
Kemp, Helen F.
Toman, Blaza
Ackermann, Annika
Assonov, Sergey
Aerts-Bijma, Anita T.
Brejcha, Ramona
Chikaraishi, Yoshito
Darwish, Tamim
Elsner, Martin
Gehre, Matthias
Geilmann, Heike
Groeing, Manfred
Helie, Jean-Francois
Herrero-Martin, Sara
Meijer, Harro A. J.
Sauer, Peter E.
Sessions, Alex L.
Werner, Roland A.
TI Organic Reference Materials for Hydrogen, Carbon, and Nitrogen Stable
Isotope-Ratio Measurements: Caffeines, n-Alkanes, Fatty Acid Methyl
Esters, Glycines, L-Valines, Polyethylenes, and Oils
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DELTA-C-13; NORMALIZATION;
CALIBRATION; GUIDELINES; PRECISION; ABUNDANCE; CHROMIUM; OXYGEN
AB An international project developed, quality-tested, and determined isotope-delta values of 19 new organic reference materials (RMs) for hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen stable isotope-ratio measurements, in addition to analyzing pre-existing RMs NBS 22 (oil), IAEA-CH-7 (polyethylene foil), and IAEA-600 (caffeine). These new RMs enable users to normalize measurements of samples to isotope-delta scales. The RMs span a range of delta H-2(VSMOW-SLAP) values from -210.8 to +397.0 mUr or parts per thousand, for delta C-13(VPDB-LSVEC) from -40.81 to +0.49 mUr and for delta N-15(Air) from -5.21 to +61.53 mUr. Many of the new RMs are amenable to gas and liquid chromatography. The RMs include triads of isotopically contrasting caffeines, C-16 n-alkanes, n-C-20-fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), glycines, and L-valines, together with polyethylene powder and string, one n-C-17-FAME, a vacuum oil (NBS 22a) to replace NBS 22 oil, and a H-2-enriched vacuum oil. A total of 11 laboratories from 7 countries used multiple analytical approaches and instrumentation for 2-point isotopic normalization against international primary measurement standards. The use of reference waters in silver tubes allowed direct normalization of delta H-2 values of organic materials against isotopic reference waters following the principle of identical treatment. Bayesian statistical analysis yielded the mean values reported here. New RMs are numbered from USGS61 through USGS78, in addition to NBS 22a. Because of exchangeable hydrogen, amino acid RMs currently are recommended only for carbon- and nitrogen-isotope measurements. Some amino acids contain C-13 and carbon-bound organic H-2-enrichments at different molecular sites to provide RMs for potential site-specific isotopic analysis in future studies.
C1 [Schimmelrnann, Arndt; Fong, Jon; Sauer, Peter E.] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 1001 East 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Qi, Haiping; Coplen, Tyler B.] US Geol Survey, 431 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Brand, Willi A.; Geilmann, Heike] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Beutenberg Campus,POB 100164, D-07701 Jena, Germany.
[Meier-Augenstein, Wolfram; Kemp, Helen F.] James Hutton Inst, Stable Isotope Forens Lab, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland.
[Toman, Blaza] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, 100 Bur Dr,M-S 8980, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ackermann, Annika; Werner, Roland A.] ETH, Inst Agrarwissensch, LFW C48-1,Univ Str 2, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Assonov, Sergey; Groeing, Manfred] IAEA, Dept Nucl Applicat, Environm Labs, Terr Environm Lab, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
[Aerts-Bijma, Anita T.; Meijer, Harro A. J.] Univ Groningen, ESRIG, CIO, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands.
[Brejcha, Ramona; Elsner, Martin] Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Inst Grundwasserokol, Ingolstadter Landstr 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
[Chikaraishi, Yoshito] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol JAMSTEC, Dept Biogeochem, 2-15 Natsushima Cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
[Darwish, Tamim] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Natl Deuterat Facil, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia.
[Gehre, Matthias; Meijer, Harro A. J.] Helmholtz Centre Environm Res UFZ, Dept Isotope Biogeochem, Permoserstr 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
[Helie, Jean-Francois] Univ Quebec, Ctr Rech GEOTOP, Dept Sci Terre & Atmosphere, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
[Sessions, Alex L.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Robert Gordon Univ, Sch Pharm & Life Sci, Sir Ian Wood Bldg, Aberdeen AB10 7GJ, Scotland.
RP Schimmelrnann, A (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 1001 East 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM aschimme@indiana.edu
RI Elsner, Martin/J-4637-2012
OI Elsner, Martin/0000-0003-4746-9052
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-1052927]; National Collaborative
Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS), an initiative of the
Australian Government; U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program
FX We are indebted to Marilyn Fogel, Libby Stern, and Michael Wieser for
assisting with the initiation of this project. Stefanie Poppenhager
(Amino GmbH, Frellstedt, Germany; www.amino.de) donated pure L-valine.
Tetyana Gilevska, Henk Jansen, Steffen Kummel, and Harald Lowag provided
analytical assistance. The manuscript benefited from constructive
reviews by L. I. Wassenaar, Linda Stalker, and two anonymous reviewers.
This project was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation Grant
EAR-1052927. The National Deuteration Facility is partly supported by
the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS), an
initiative of the Australian Government. The support of the U.S.
Geological Survey National Research Program made this report possible.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 37
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 12
U2 32
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD APR 19
PY 2016
VL 88
IS 8
BP 4294
EP 4302
DI 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04392
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA DK1WP
UT WOS:000374706000020
PM 26974360
ER
PT J
AU Cox, LM
Killgore, JP
Li, ZW
Long, R
Sanders, AW
Xiao, JL
Ding, YF
AF Cox, Lewis M.
Killgore, Jason P.
Li, Zhengwei
Long, Rong
Sanders, Aric W.
Xiao, Jianliang
Ding, Yifu
TI Influences of Substrate Adhesion and Particle Size on the Shape Memory
Effect of Polystyrene Particles
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID VOLUME PHASE-TRANSITION; POLYMER PARTICLES; SURFACE-ENERGY; ELASTIC
SOLIDS; NANOPARTICLES; DEFORMATION; FRICTION; FILMS; GELS; COMPRESSION
AB Formulations and applications of micro- and nanoscale polymer particles have proliferated rapidly in recent years, yet knowledge of their mechanical behavior has not grown accordingly. In this study, we examine the ways that compressive strain, substrate surface energy, and particle size influence the shape memory cycle of polystyrene particles. Using nanoimprint lithography, differently sized particles are programmed into highly deformed, temporary shapes in contact with substrates of differing surface energies. Atomic force microscopy is used to obtain in situ measurements of particle shape recovery kinetics, and scanning electron microscopy is employed to assess differences in the profiles of particles at the conclusion of the shape memory cycle. Finally, finite element models are used to investigate the growing impact of surface energies at smaller length scales. Results reveal that the influence of substrate adhesion on particle recovery is size-dependent and can become dominating at submicron length scales.
C1 [Cox, Lewis M.; Li, Zhengwei; Long, Rong; Xiao, Jianliang; Ding, Yifu] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ding, Yifu] Univ Colorado, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Killgore, Jason P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Sanders, Aric W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Radio Frequency Technol Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Cox, LM; Ding, YF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Ding, YF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM lewis.cox@colorado.edu; yifu.ding@colorado.edu
RI Li, Zhengwei/D-4523-2014; Xiao, Jianliang/B-4535-2008
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-1233626, CBET-1264276, EFRI-1038305]
FX We acknowledge funding support from the National Science Foundation
under grant number CMMI-1233626, CBET-1264276, and EFRI-1038305. Certain
commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this
paper to specify the experimental procedures adequately, such
identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by NIST nor
does it imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily
the best available for the purpose.
NR 46
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 15
U2 30
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD APR 19
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 15
BP 3691
EP 3698
DI 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00588
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA DK1WV
UT WOS:000374706700016
PM 27023181
ER
PT J
AU Paul, S
Johnson, PR
Tiesinga, E
AF Paul, Saurabh
Johnson, P. R.
Tiesinga, Eite
TI Hubbard model for ultracold bosonic atoms interacting via
zero-point-energy-induced three-body interactions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM PHASE-TRANSITION; COLD ATOMS; FESHBACH RESONANCES; OPTICAL
LATTICES; COLLISIONS; GAS; SCATTERING; PHYSICS
AB We show that, for ultracold neutral bosonic atoms held in a three-dimensional periodic potential or optical lattice, a Hubbard model with dominant, attractive three-body interactions can be generated. In fact, we derive that the effect of pairwise interactions can be made small or zero starting from the realization that collisions occur at the zero-point energy of an optical lattice site and the strength of the interactions is energy dependent from effective-range contributions. We determine the strength of the two- and three-body interactions for scattering from van der Waals potentials and near Fano-Feshbach resonances. For van der Waals potentials, which for example describe scattering of alkaline-earth atoms, we find that the pairwise interaction can only be turned off for species with a small negative scattering length, leaving the Sr-88 isotope a possible candidate. Interestingly, for collisional magnetic Feshbach resonances this restriction does not apply and there often exist magnetic fields where the two-body interaction is small. We illustrate this result for several known narrow resonances between alkali-metal atoms as well as chromium atoms. Finally, we compare the size of the three-body interaction with hopping rates and describe limits due to three-body recombination.
C1 [Paul, Saurabh] Univ Maryland, Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Paul, Saurabh] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Johnson, P. R.] Amer Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
[Tiesinga, Eite] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tiesinga, Eite] NIST, Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tiesinga, Eite] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Paul, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Paul, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
FU National Science Foundation [PHY-1506343]
FX This work has been supported by the National Science Foundation Grant
No. PHY-1506343.
NR 65
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD APR 19
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 4
AR 043616
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.043616
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DJ9FR
UT WOS:000374519900003
ER
PT J
AU Isaak, DJ
Young, MK
Luce, CH
Hostetler, SW
Wenger, SJ
Peterson, EE
Hoef, JMV
Groce, MC
Horan, DL
Nagel, DE
AF Isaak, Daniel J.
Young, Michael K.
Luce, Charles H.
Hostetler, Steven W.
Wenger, Seth J.
Peterson, Erin E.
Hoef, Jay M. Ver
Groce, Matthew C.
Horan, Dona L.
Nagel, David E.
TI Slow climate velocities of mountain streams portend their role as
refugia for cold-water biodiversity
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE climate refugia; climate velocity; biodiversity; fish; network
ID CUTTHROAT TROUT; THERMAL SENSITIVITY; AIR-TEMPERATURE; BROOK TROUT;
NETWORKS; HABITAT; FISHES; POPULATIONS; PERSISTENCE; TELEOSTEI
AB The imminent demise of montane species is a recurrent theme in the climate change literature, particularly for aquatic species that are constrained to networks and elevational rather than latitudinal retreat as temperatures increase. Predictions of widespread species losses, however, have yet to be fulfilled despite decades of climate change, suggesting that trends are much weaker than anticipated and may be too subtle for detection given the widespread use of sparse water temperature datasets or imprecise surrogates like elevation and air temperature. Through application of large water-temperature databases evaluated for sensitivity to historical air-temperature variability and computationally interpolated to provide high-resolution thermal habitat information for a 222,000-km network, we estimate a less dire thermal plight for cold-water species within mountains of the northwestern United States. Stream warming rates and climate velocities were both relatively low for 1968-2011 (average warming rate = 0.101 degrees C/ decade; median velocity = 1.07 km/decade) when air temperatures warmed at 0.21 degrees C/decade. Many cold-water vertebrate species occurred in a subset of the network characterized by low climate velocities, and three native species of conservation concern occurred in extremely cold, slow velocity environments (0.33-0.48 km/decade). Examination of aggressive warming scenarios indicated that although network climate velocities could increase, they remain low in headwaters because of strong local temperature gradients associated with topographic controls. Better information about changing hydrology and disturbance regimes is needed to complement these results, but rather than being climatic cul-de-sacs, many mountain streams appear poised to be redoubts for cold-water biodiversity this century.
C1 [Isaak, Daniel J.; Luce, Charles H.; Groce, Matthew C.; Horan, Dona L.; Nagel, David E.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Young, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Hostetler, Steven W.] US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Wenger, Seth J.] Univ Georgia, River Basins Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Peterson, Erin E.] Queensland Univ Technol, Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Math & Stat Frontiers, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia.
[Peterson, Erin E.] Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Future Environm, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia.
[Hoef, Jay M. Ver] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Isaak, DJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
EM disaak@fs.fed.us
RI Luce, Charles/A-9267-2008;
OI Luce, Charles/0000-0002-6938-9662; Peterson, Erin/0000-0003-2992-0372;
Ver Hoef, Jay/0000-0003-4302-6895
FU US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; US Fish and Wildlife
Service's Great Northern; North Pacific Landscape Conservation
Cooperatives
FX This research was supported by the US Forest Service Rocky Mountain
Research Station and grants from the US Fish and Wildlife Service's
Great Northern and North Pacific Landscape Conservation Cooperatives.
NR 54
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 14
U2 24
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD APR 19
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 16
BP 4374
EP 4379
DI 10.1073/pnas.1522429113
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DJ7LV
UT WOS:000374393800048
PM 27044091
ER
PT J
AU Paez, E
Arnold, KJ
Hajiyev, E
Porsev, SG
Dzuba, VA
Safronova, UI
Safronova, MS
Barrett, MD
AF Paez, Eduardo
Arnold, K. J.
Hajiyev, Elnur
Porsev, S. G.
Dzuba, V. A.
Safronova, U. I.
Safronova, M. S.
Barrett, M. D.
TI Atomic properties of Lu+
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL LATTICE CLOCK; PERTURBATION-THEORY; SPECTROSCOPY; UNCERTAINTY;
MOMENTS; ION
AB Singly ionized lutetium has recently been suggested as a potential clock candidate. Here we report a joint experimental and theoretical investigation of Lu+. Measurements relevant to practical clock operation are made and compared to atomic structure calculations. Calculations of scalar and tensor polarizabilities for clock states over a range of wavelengths are also given. These results will be useful for future work with this clock candidate.
C1 [Paez, Eduardo; Arnold, K. J.; Hajiyev, Elnur; Barrett, M. D.] Ctr Quantum Technol, 3 Sci Dr 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
[Paez, Eduardo; Arnold, K. J.; Hajiyev, Elnur; Barrett, M. D.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, 2 Sci Dr 3, Singapore 117551, Singapore.
[Porsev, S. G.; Safronova, M. S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
[Porsev, S. G.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad Distr, Russia.
[Dzuba, V. A.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Barrett, MD (reprint author), Ctr Quantum Technol, 3 Sci Dr 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore.; Barrett, MD (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Phys, 2 Sci Dr 3, Singapore 117551, Singapore.
EM phybmd@nus.edu.sg
RI Barrett, Murray/G-2732-2012;
OI Arnold, Kyle/0000-0003-3544-8246
FU National Research Foundation; Ministry of Education, Singapore under the
Research Centres of Excellence programme; U.S. NSF Grant [PHY-1520993];
Australian Research Council; Prime Minister's Office, Singapore
FX This research is supported by the National Research Foundation, Prime
Minister's Office, Singapore and the Ministry of Education, Singapore
under the Research Centres of Excellence programme. This work was
supported in part by U.S. NSF Grant No. PHY-1520993 and the Australian
Research Council.
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 6
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD APR 18
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 4
AR 042112
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.042112
PG 11
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DJ9FM
UT WOS:000374519400003
ER
PT J
AU Bagwell, CE
Abernathy, A
Barnwell, R
Milliken, CE
Noble, PA
Dale, T
Beauchesne, KR
Moeller, PDR
AF Bagwell, Christopher E.
Abernathy, Amanda
Barnwell, Remy
Milliken, Charles E.
Noble, Peter A.
Dale, Taraka
Beauchesne, Kevin R.
Moeller, Peter D. R.
TI Discovery of Bioactive Metabolites in Biofuel Microalgae That Offer
Protection against Predatory Bacteria
SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE microalgae; bioactive metabolites; iron; crop protection; predation
ID MARINE CHEMICAL ECOLOGY; PREVENT POND CRASHES; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS;
FRESH-WATER; CHLORELLA-VULGARIS; PRYMNESIUM-PARVUM; SECONDARY
METABOLITES; GROWTH-RATE; GREEN-ALGA; IRON
AB Microalgae could become an important resource for addressing increasing global demand for food, energy, and commodities while helping to reduce atmospheric greenhouse gasses. Even though Chlorophytes are generally regarded safe for human consumption, there is still much we do not understand about the metabolic and biochemical potential of microscopic algae. The aim of this study was to evaluate biofuel candidate strains of Chlorella and Scenedesmus for the potential to produce bioactive metabolites when grown under nutrient depletion regimes intended to stimulate production of triacylglycerides. Strain specific combinations of macro- and micro nutrient restricted growth media did stimulate neutral lipid accumulation by microalgal cultures. However, cultures that were restricted for iron consistently and reliably tested positive for cytotoxicity by in vivo bioassays. The addition of iron back to these cultures resulted in the disappearance of the bioactive components by LC/MS fingerprinting and loss of cytotoxicity by in vivo bioassay. Incomplete NMR characterization of the most abundant cytotoxic fractions suggested that small molecular weight peptides and glycosides could be responsible for Chlorella cytotoxicity. Experiments were conducted to determine if the bioactive metabolites induced by Fe-limitation in Chlorella sp. cultures would elicit protection against Vampirovibrio chlorellavorus, an obligate predator of Chlorella. Introduction of V chlorellavorus resulted in a 72% decrease in algal biomass in the experimental controls after 7 days. Conversely, only slight losses of algal biomass were measured for the iron limited Chlorella cultures (0-9%). This study demonstrates a causal linkage between iron bioavailability and bioactive metabolite production in strains of Chlorella and Scenedesmus. Further study of this phenomenon could contribute to the development of new strategies to extend algal production cycles in open, outdoor systems while ensuring the protection of biomass from predatory losses.
C1 [Bagwell, Christopher E.; Abernathy, Amanda; Barnwell, Remy; Milliken, Charles E.] Savannah River Natl Lab, Environm Sci & Biotechnol, Aiken, SC USA.
[Noble, Peter A.] Alabama State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Montgomery, AL 36101 USA.
[Dale, Taraka] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Beauchesne, Kevin R.; Moeller, Peter D. R.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Human Hlth Res, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Bagwell, CE (reprint author), Savannah River Natl Lab, Environm Sci & Biotechnol, Aiken, SC USA.
EM christopher.bagwell@srnl.doe.gov
OI Noble, Peter/0000-0002-6013-2588
FU SRNL's Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,
Biomass Program [DE-NL0022905]
FX This research was jointly supported by the SRNL's Laboratory Directed
Research and Development Program and the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Biomass Program (Award
# DE-NL0022905).
NR 74
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U1 12
U2 31
PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015,
SWITZERLAND
SN 1664-302X
J9 FRONT MICROBIOL
JI Front. Microbiol.
PD APR 18
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 516
DI 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00516
PG 12
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA DJ5SS
UT WOS:000374271000001
PM 27148205
ER
PT J
AU Williams, NL
Juranek, LW
Johnson, KS
Feely, RA
Riser, SC
Talley, LD
Russell, JL
Sarmiento, JL
Wanninkhof, R
AF Williams, N. L.
Juranek, L. W.
Johnson, K. S.
Feely, R. A.
Riser, S. C.
Talley, L. D.
Russell, J. L.
Sarmiento, J. L.
Wanninkhof, R.
TI Empirical algorithms to estimate water column pH in the Southern Ocean
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTHROPOGENIC CARBON; SEAWATER; CO2; ACIDIFICATION; ALKALINITY
AB Empirical algorithms are developed using high-quality GO-SHIP hydrographic measurements of commonly measured parameters (temperature, salinity, pressure, nitrate, and oxygen) that estimate pH in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. The coefficients of determination, R-2, are 0.98 for pH from nitrate (pH(N)) and 0.97 for pH from oxygen (pH(Ox)) with RMS errors of 0.010 and 0.008, respectively. These algorithms are applied to Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling (SOCCOM) biogeochemical profiling floats, which include novel sensors (pH, nitrate, oxygen, fluorescence, and backscatter). These algorithms are used to estimate pH on floats with no pH sensors and to validate and adjust pH sensor data from floats with pH sensors. The adjusted float data provide, for the first time, seasonal cycles in surface pH on weekly resolution that range from 0.05 to 0.08 on weekly resolution for the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean.
C1 [Williams, N. L.; Juranek, L. W.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Johnson, K. S.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA.
[Feely, R. A.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Riser, S. C.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Talley, L. D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Russell, J. L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Sarmiento, J. L.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Wanninkhof, R.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Williams, NL (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM nancy.williams@oregonstate.edu
RI Johnson, Kenneth/F-9742-2011; Williams, Nancy/I-3472-2015
OI Johnson, Kenneth/0000-0001-5513-5584; Williams,
Nancy/0000-0002-6541-9385
FU U.S. National Science Foundation's Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate
Observations and Modeling (SOCCOM) Project under the NSF Award
[PLR-1425989]; U.S. Argo through NOAA/JISAO grant [NA17RJ1232]; ARCS
Foundation Portland Chapter
FX The measurement methods, calibration, and quality control for all
discrete bottle data used in this study are available at
http://cchdo.ucsd.edu, and all SOCCOM float data are available at
http://soccom.princeton.edu/soccomviz.php. This work was sponsored by
the U.S. National Science Foundation's Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate
Observations and Modeling (SOCCOM) Project under the NSF Award
PLR-1425989. Logistical support for this project in Antarctic waters was
provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation through the U.S.
Antarctic Program. Additionally, we acknowledge support from U.S. Argo
through NOAA/JISAO grant NA17RJ1232 to the University of Washington.
Nancy Williams is also supported by the ARCS Foundation Portland
Chapter. This is PMEL contribution 4417.
NR 37
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U1 5
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 7
BP 3415
EP 3422
DI 10.1002/2016GL068539
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DL3MG
UT WOS:000375537300048
ER
PT J
AU Lopez, H
Kirtman, B
AF Lopez, Hosmay
Kirtman, Ben P.
TI Investigating the seasonal predictability of significant wave height in
the West Pacific and Indian Oceans
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL CYCLONES; WIND-WAVES; VARIABILITY; CLIMATE; LAYER; NCEP
AB This study investigates seasonal prediction skill of significant wave height (SWH) in the West Pacific and Indian Oceans. We forced the WAVEWATCH III model with 10m winds from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis-2 and from the Community Climate System Model version 4 North American Multi-Model Ensemble retrospective forecasts for the period of January 1979 to December 2013. Results indicate potential for predicting SWH with several months lead time during boreal summers after the warm phase of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) measured by deterministic and probabilistic skill scores in the Northwest Pacific and Bay of Bengal. During these summers, SWH is smaller than normal due to reduced atmospheric synoptic activity associated with an anomalously anticyclone in the western Pacific, leading to larger signal-to-noise ratio in the 10m winds, hence increasing SWH prediction skill. It is shown that ENSO has a nonlinear influence on the number of extremely large SWH events, with reduced number of extreme occurrences during boreal summers after the warm phase of ENSO.
C1 [Lopez, Hosmay] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Lopez, Hosmay] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Kirtman, Ben P.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
RP Lopez, H (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.; Lopez, H (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM hlopez@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Lopez, Hosmay/M-3278-2015
FU ONR award [N000141310439]; NOAA awards [NA15OAR4320064, NA12OAR4310089]
FX We would like to acknowledge the three anonymous reviewers for their
insightful comments. Data can be obtained upon request by contacting the
corresponding author at hlopez@rsmas.miami.edu. The authors acknowledge
support from ONR award N000141310439 and NOAA awards NA15OAR4320064 and
NA12OAR4310089.
NR 25
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U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 7
BP 3451
EP 3458
DI 10.1002/2016GL068653
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DL3MG
UT WOS:000375537300053
ER
PT J
AU Schnell, JL
Prather, MJ
Josse, B
Naik, V
Horowitz, LW
Zeng, G
Shindell, DT
Faluvegi, G
AF Schnell, Jordan L.
Prather, Michael J.
Josse, Beatrice
Naik, Vaishali
Horowitz, Larry W.
Zeng, Guang
Shindell, Drew T.
Faluvegi, Greg
TI Effect of climate change on surface ozone over North America, Europe,
and East Asia
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT ACCMIP; REGIONAL AIR-POLLUTION; UNITED-STATES;
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; FUTURE CLIMATE; EMISSIONS
CHANGES; SUMMERTIME OZONE; MODEL; QUALITY
AB The effect of future climate change on surface ozone over North America, Europe, and East Asia is evaluated using present-day (2000s) and future (2100s) hourly surface ozone simulated by four global models. Future climate follows RCP8.5, while methane and anthropogenic ozone precursors are fixed at year 2000 levels. Climate change shifts the seasonal surface ozone peak to earlier in the year and increases the amplitude of the annual cycle. Increases in mean summertime and high-percentile ozone are generally found in polluted environments, while decreases are found in clean environments. We propose that climate change augments the efficiency of precursor emissions to generate surface ozone in polluted regions, thus reducing precursor export to neighboring downwind locations. Even with constant biogenic emissions, climate change causes the largest ozone increases at high percentiles. In most cases, air quality extreme episodes become larger and contain higher ozone levels relative to the rest of the distribution.
C1 [Schnell, Jordan L.; Prather, Michael J.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
[Josse, Beatrice] CNRS, Ctr Natl Rech Meteorol, Meteo France, GAME CNRM, Toulouse, France.
[Naik, Vaishali] NOAA, UCAR, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Horowitz, Larry W.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Zeng, Guang] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Lauder, New Zealand.
[Shindell, Drew T.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Faluvegi, Greg] Columbia Univ, NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY USA.
[Faluvegi, Greg] Columbia Univ, Columbia Earth Inst, New York, NY USA.
RP Schnell, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
EM jschnell@uci.edu
RI Naik, Vaishali/A-4938-2013
OI Naik, Vaishali/0000-0002-2254-1700
FU NASA [NNX09AJ47G, NNX13AL12G, NNX15AE35G]; DOE [DE-SC0007021]; National
Science Foundation's Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE-1321846];
NeSI's collaborator institutions; Ministry of Business, Innovation and
Employment's Research Infrastructure Programme
FX Research at UCI was supported by NASA grants NNX09AJ47G, NNX13AL12G, and
NNX15AE35G and DOE award DE-SC0007021. J.L. Schnell was supported by the
National Science Foundation's Graduate Research Fellowship Program
(DGE-1321846). G. Zeng acknowledges the use of New Zealand's national
HPC facilities that are provided by the NZ eScience Infrastructure and
funded jointly by NeSI's collaborator institutions and through the
Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment's Research
Infrastructure Programme. We are grateful to the British Atmospheric
Data Centre (BADC), which is part of the NERC National Centre for
Atmospheric Science (NCAS), for collecting and archiving the ACCMIP
data. The hourly ACCMIP data at the models' native resolutions can be
obtained at http://badc.nerc.ac.uk, while the remapped MDA8 ozone data
can be obtained by contacting the corresponding author.
NR 44
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U1 11
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD APR 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 7
BP 3509
EP 3518
DI 10.1002/2016GL068060
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DL3MG
UT WOS:000375537300060
ER
PT J
AU Pu, B
Dickinson, RE
Fu, R
AF Pu, Bing
Dickinson, Robert E.
Fu, Rong
TI Dynamical connection between Great Plains low-level winds and
variability of central Gulf States precipitation
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE Great Plains low-level jet; summer precipitation; central Gulf States
ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; AMERICAN REGIONAL REANALYSIS; SUMMER
RAINFALL VARIABILITY; MOISTURE TRANSPORT; WATER-BALANCE; JET; DROUGHT;
INTENSIFICATION; EVOLUTION; IMPACTS
AB The Great Plains low-level jet has been related to summer precipitation over the northern Great Plains and Midwest through its moisture transport and convergence at the jet exit area. Much less studied has been its negative relationship with precipitation over the southern Great Plains and the Gulf coastal area. This work shows that the southerly low-level winds at 30 degrees-40 degrees N over the southern Great Plains are significantly correlated with anticyclonic vorticity to its east over the central Gulf States (30 degrees-35 degrees N, 85 degrees-95 degrees W) from May to July. When the low-level jet is strong in June and July, anomalous anticyclonic vorticity over the central Gulf States leads to divergence and consequent subsidence suppressing precipitation over that region. In contrast, an enhanced southerly flow at the entrance region of the jet over the Gulf of Mexico, largely uncorrelated with the meridional wind over the southern Great Plains, is correlated with increased precipitation over the central Gulf States. Precipitation is large over the central Gulf States when the meridional wind over the southern Great Plains is weakest and over the Gulf of Mexico is strongest. This increase is consistent with the increased moisture transport and dynamic balance between loss of vorticity by advection and friction and gain by convergence.
C1 [Pu, Bing; Dickinson, Robert E.; Fu, Rong] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX USA.
[Pu, Bing] Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Atmospher & Ocean Sci, NOAA, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Pu, B (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX USA.; Pu, B (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Atmospher & Ocean Sci, NOAA, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM bing.pu@noaa.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy DOE [DE-FG02-09ER64746]; NASA [NNX13AN39G];
NOAA's Climate Program Office's Modeling, Analysis, Predictions, and
Projections Program [NA10OAR4310157]
FX We thank the three anonymous reviewers for their extremely thorough and
constructive comments that lead to substantial improvement of this work.
The North American Regional Reanalysis used in this paper is available
to download from
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.narr.html. This work was
supported by a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy DOE
(DE-FG02-09ER64746), the NASA Indicators for the National Climate
Assessment Program (grant NNX13AN39G), and NOAA's Climate Program
Office's Modeling, Analysis, Predictions, and Projections Program (grant
award NA10OAR4310157).
NR 25
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U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 16
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 7
BP 3421
EP 3434
DI 10.1002/2015JD024045
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK7QG
UT WOS:000375120200021
ER
PT J
AU Ge, C
Wang, J
Carn, S
Yang, K
Ginoux, P
Krotkov, N
AF Ge, Cui
Wang, Jun
Carn, Simon
Yang, Kai
Ginoux, Paul
Krotkov, Nickolay
TI Satellite-based global volcanic SO2 emissions and sulfate direct
radiative forcing during 2005-2012
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE OMI SO2; volcanic sulfate aerosols; direct radiative forcing; injection
height; volcanic emission inventory; volcanic degassing
ID OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; SULFUR-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; SIERRA-NEGRA
VOLCANO; 2005 ERUPTION; EAST-ASIA; AEROSOL; CLIMATE; OMI; CLOUDS; MODEL
AB An 8year volcanic SO2 emission inventory for 2005-2012 is obtained based on satellite measurements of SO2 from OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) and ancillary information from the Global Volcanism Program. It includes contributions from global volcanic eruptions and from eight persistently degassing volcanoes in the tropics. It shows significant differences in the estimate of SO2 amount and injection height for medium to large volcanic eruptions as compared to the counterparts in the existing volcanic SO2 database. Emissions from Nyamuragira (DR Congo) in November 2006 and Grimsvotn (Iceland) in May 2011 that were not included in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 5 (IPCC) inventory are included here. Using the updated emissions, the volcanic sulfate (SO42-) distribution is simulated with the global transport model Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS)-Chem. The simulated time series of sulfate aerosol optical depth (AOD) above 10km captures every eruptive volcanic sulfate perturbation with a similar magnitude to that measured by Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO). The 8year average contribution of eruptive SO42- to total SO42- loading above 10km is similar to 10% over most areas of the Northern Hemisphere, with a maxima of 30% in the tropics where the anthropogenic emissions are relatively smaller. The persistently degassing volcanic SO42- in the tropics barely reaches above 10km, but in the lower atmosphere it is regionally dominant (60%+ in terms of mass) over Hawaii and other oceanic areas northeast of Australia. Although the 7year average (2005-2011) of eruptive volcanic sulfate forcing of -0.10Wm(-2) in this study is comparable to that in the 2013 IPCC report (-0.09Wm(-2)), significant discrepancies exist for each year. Our simulations also imply that the radiative forcing per unit AOD for volcanic eruptions can vary from -40 to -80Wm(-2), much higher than the -25Wm(-2) implied in the IPCC calculations. In terms of sulfate forcing efficiency with respect to SO2 emission, eruptive volcanic sulfate is 5 times larger than anthropogenic sulfate. The sulfate forcing efficiency from degassing volcanic sources is close to that of anthropogenic sources. This study highlights the importance of characterizing both volcanic emission amount and injection altitude as well as the key role of satellite observations in maintaining accurate volcanic emissions inventories.
C1 [Ge, Cui; Wang, Jun] Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Carn, Simon] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol & Min Engn & Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Yang, Kai] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ginoux, Paul] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Krotkov, Nickolay] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Wang, J (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE USA.
EM jwang7@unl.edu
RI Ge, Cui/I-6353-2016; Krotkov, Nickolay/E-1541-2012; Chem,
GEOS/C-5595-2014; Ginoux, Paul/C-2326-2008; Wang, Jun/A-2977-2008
OI Ge, Cui/0000-0002-6182-6856; Krotkov, Nickolay/0000-0001-6170-6750;
Ginoux, Paul/0000-0003-3642-2988; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-7334-0490
FU NASA [NNX10AG60G]
FX Levi Boggs and Frances Wiles are acknowledged for their work on
collecting the volcano injection altitudes data. The authors gratefully
acknowledge the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program, Thomas Diehl, Tom
Simkin, and Lee Siebert for providing AeroCom volcano emission data. We
appreciate Brendam McCormick and two other reviewers for their
constructive comments. The authors thank the Holland Computing Center of
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, its director David Swanson, and his
staff Adam Caprez and Jingchao Zhang for their helpful efforts with
modeling work. The GEOS-Chem developers and support team in Harvard
University are acknowledged for their help. This work is supported by
NASA Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and Analysis Program (NNX10AG60G)
managed by Richard S. Eckman, NASA Atmospheric Composition program, and
Radiation Sciences Program managed by Hal B. Maring. Data shown in the
paper can be obtained from the corresponding author through e-mail
(jwang7@unl.edu), and part of the emission data can be obtained from
ftp://measures.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/s4pa/SO2/MSVOLSO2L4.1/MSVOLSO2L4_v01-0
0-2014m1002.txt.
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U1 8
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 16
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 7
BP 3446
EP 3464
DI 10.1002/2015JD023134
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK7QG
UT WOS:000375120200023
ER
PT J
AU Kumjian, MR
Mishra, S
Giangrande, SE
Toto, T
Ryzhkov, AV
Bansemer, A
AF Kumjian, Matthew R.
Mishra, Subashree
Giangrande, Scott E.
Toto, Tami
Ryzhkov, Alexander V.
Bansemer, Aaron
TI Polarimetric radar and aircraft observations of saggy bright bands
during MC3E
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE radar; microphysics; precipitation
ID BACKSCATTER DIFFERENTIAL PHASE; MELTING LAYER; PART I; VERTICAL
VELOCITY; FALL SPEEDS; MICROPHYSICS; CLOUD; PRECIPITATION;
DISTRIBUTIONS; EVOLUTION
AB Polarimetric radar observations increasingly are used to understand cloud microphysical processes, which is critical for improving their representation in cloud and climate models. In particular, there has been recent focus on improving representations of ice collection processes (e.g., aggregation and riming), as these influence precipitation rate, heating profiles, and ultimately cloud life cycles. However, distinguishing these processes using conventional polarimetric radar observations is difficult, as they produce similar fingerprints. This necessitates improved analysis techniques and integration of complementary data sources. The Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E) provided such an opportunity. Quasi-vertical profiles of polarimetric radar variables in two MC3E stratiform precipitation events reveal episodic melting layer sagging. Integrated analyses using scanning and vertically pointing radar and aircraft measurements reveal that saggy bright band signatures are produced when denser, faster-falling, more isometric hydrometeors (relative to adjacent times) descend into the melting layer. In one case, strong circumstantial evidence for riming is found during bright band sagging times. A bin microphysical melting layer model successfully reproduces many aspects of the signature, supporting the observational analysis. If found to be a reliable indicator of riming, saggy bright bands could be a proxy for the presence of supercooled liquid water in stratiform precipitation, which may provide important information for mitigating aircraft icing risks and for constraining microphysical models.
C1 [Kumjian, Matthew R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 503 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Mishra, Subashree] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Mishra, Subashree; Ryzhkov, Alexander V.] NOAA OAR Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Giangrande, Scott E.; Toto, Tami] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Ryzhkov, Alexander V.] Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK USA.
[Ryzhkov, Alexander V.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Bansemer, Aaron] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Div, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Kumjian, MR (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 503 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM kumjian@psu.edu
RI Giangrande, Scott/I-4089-2016; Measurement, Global/C-4698-2015
OI Giangrande, Scott/0000-0002-8119-8199;
FU U.S. Department of Energy [ER65459]; NOAA/Office and Atmospheric
Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma, U.S. Department of Commerce
[NA11OAR4320072]; DOE ASR [DE-SC0008648]; National Science Foundation
FX Support for this work comes from grant ER65459 from the U.S. Department
of Energy Atmospheric System Research program. Support for A. Ryzhkov
and S. Mishra comes from NOAA/Office and Atmospheric Research under
NOAA-University of Oklahoma cooperative agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S.
Department of Commerce. Support for A. Bansemer is from DOE ASR grant
DE-SC0008648. We would like to thank Mike Poellet and his research group
at UND for processing and providing the in situ aircraft data. Radar
data are available at the Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation
Measurement program data archive. We would also like to thank Sandra
Yuter (NCSU) for helpful criticisms of our work. The comments and
suggestions from three anonymous reviewers significantly improved the
clarity and presentation of the manuscript. The National Center for
Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.
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SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 16
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 7
BP 3584
EP 3607
DI 10.1002/2015JD024446
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK7QG
UT WOS:000375120200032
ER
PT J
AU Vollmer, MK
Muhle, J
Trudinger, CM
Rigby, M
Montzka, SA
Harth, CM
Miller, BR
Henne, S
Krummel, PB
Hall, BD
Young, D
Kim, J
Arduini, J
Wenger, A
Yao, B
Reimann, S
O'Doherty, S
Maione, M
Etheridge, DM
Li, SL
Verdonik, DP
Park, S
Dutton, G
Steele, LP
Lunder, CR
Rhee, TS
Hermansen, O
Schmidbauer, N
Wang, RHJ
Hill, M
Salameh, PK
Langenfelds, RL
Zhou, LX
Blunier, T
Schwander, J
Elkins, JW
Butler, JH
Simmonds, PG
Weiss, RF
Prinn, RG
Fraser, PJ
AF Vollmer, Martin K.
Muhle, Jens
Trudinger, Cathy M.
Rigby, Matthew
Montzka, Stephen A.
Harth, Christina M.
Miller, Benjamin R.
Henne, Stephan
Krummel, Paul B.
Hall, Bradley D.
Young, Dickon
Kim, Jooil
Arduini, Jgor
Wenger, Angelina
Yao, Bo
Reimann, Stefan
O'Doherty, Simon
Maione, Michela
Etheridge, David M.
Li, Shanlan
Verdonik, Daniel P.
Park, Sunyoung
Dutton, Geoff
Steele, L. Paul
Lunder, Chris R.
Rhee, Tae Siek
Hermansen, Ove
Schmidbauer, Norbert
Wang, Ray H. J.
Hill, Matthias
Salameh, Peter K.
Langenfelds, Ray L.
Zhou, Lingxi
Blunier, Thomas
Schwander, Jakob
Elkins, James W.
Butler, James H.
Simmonds, Peter G.
Weiss, Ray F.
Prinn, Ronald G.
Fraser, Paul J.
TI Atmospheric histories and global emissions of halons H-1211 (CBrClF2),
H-1301 (CBrF3), and H-2402 (CBrF2CBrF2)
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE halons; ozone depletion; bromine
ID OZONE DEPLETION POTENTIALS; PARTICLE DISPERSION MODEL; IN-SITU
MEASUREMENTS; POLAR FIRN AIR; WARMING POTENTIALS; MONTREAL PROTOCOL;
TRENDS; GASES; HALOCARBONS; GROWTH
AB We report ground-based atmospheric measurements and emission estimates for the halons H-1211 (CBrClF2), H-1301 (CBrF3), and H-2402 (CBrF2CBrF2) from the AGAGE (Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration global networks. We also include results from archived air samples in canisters and from polar firn in both hemispheres, thereby deriving an atmospheric record of nearly nine decades (1930s to present). All three halons were absent from the atmosphere until approximate to 1970, when their atmospheric burdens started to increase rapidly. In recent years H-1211 and H-2402 mole fractions have been declining, but H-1301 has continued to grow. High-frequency observations show continuing emissions of H-1211 and H-1301 near most AGAGE sites. For H-2402 the only emissions detected were derived from the region surrounding the Sea of Japan/East Sea. Based on our observations, we derive global emissions using two different inversion approaches. Emissions for H-1211 declined from a peak of 11ktyr(-1) (late 1990s) to 3.9ktyr(-1) at the end of our record (mean of 2013-2015), for H-1301 from 5.4ktyr(-1) (late 1980s) to 1.6ktyr(-1), and for H-2402 from 1.8ktyr(-1) (late 1980s) to 0.38ktyr(-1). Yearly summed halon emissions have decreased substantially; nevertheless, since 2000 they have accounted for approximate to 30% of the emissions of all major anthropogenic ozone depletion substances, when weighted by ozone depletion potentials.
C1 [Vollmer, Martin K.; Henne, Stephan; Reimann, Stefan; Hill, Matthias] Empa, Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Muhle, Jens; Harth, Christina M.; Kim, Jooil; Salameh, Peter K.; Weiss, Ray F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Trudinger, Cathy M.; Krummel, Paul B.; Etheridge, David M.; Steele, L. Paul; Langenfelds, Ray L.; Fraser, Paul J.] CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Aspendale, Vic, Australia.
[Rigby, Matthew; Young, Dickon; Wenger, Angelina; O'Doherty, Simon; Simmonds, Peter G.] Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Atmospher Chem Res Grp, Bristol, Avon, England.
[Montzka, Stephen A.; Miller, Benjamin R.; Hall, Bradley D.; Dutton, Geoff; Elkins, James W.; Butler, James H.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Miller, Benjamin R.; Dutton, Geoff] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Arduini, Jgor; Maione, Michela] Univ Urbino, Dept Pure & Appl Sci, I-61029 Urbino, Italy.
[Arduini, Jgor; Maione, Michela] Italian Natl Res Council, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Bologna, Italy.
[Yao, Bo] China Meteorol Adm, Meteorol Observat Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Li, Shanlan; Park, Sunyoung] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Kyungpook Inst Oceanog, Taegu 702701, South Korea.
[Verdonik, Daniel P.] JENSEN HUGHES, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Lunder, Chris R.; Hermansen, Ove; Schmidbauer, Norbert] Norwegian Inst Air Res, Kjeller, Norway.
[Rhee, Tae Siek] KIOST, Korea Polar Res Inst, Inchon, South Korea.
[Wang, Ray H. J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Zhou, Lingxi] China Meteorol Adm, Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Blunier, Thomas] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Ice & Climate, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Schwander, Jakob] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Climate & Environm Phys, Bern, Switzerland.
[Schwander, Jakob] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Bern, Switzerland.
[Prinn, Ronald G.] MIT, Ctr Global Change Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Vollmer, MK (reprint author), Empa, Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
EM martin.vollmer@empa.ch
RI Steele, Paul/B-3185-2009; Krummel, Paul/A-4293-2013; Rigby,
Matthew/A-5555-2012; Henne, Stephan/A-3467-2009; Reimann,
Stefan/A-2327-2009; arduini, jgor/N-2798-2016; Etheridge,
David/B-7334-2013; Langenfelds, Raymond/B-5381-2012; Trudinger,
Cathy/A-2532-2008
OI Steele, Paul/0000-0002-8234-3730; Krummel, Paul/0000-0002-4884-3678;
Rigby, Matthew/0000-0002-2020-9253; Reimann, Stefan/0000-0002-9885-7138;
arduini, jgor/0000-0002-5199-3853; Trudinger, Cathy/0000-0002-4844-2153
FU National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) [NAG5-12669,
NNX07AE89G, NNX11AF17G, NNX07AE87G, NNX07AF09G, NNX11AF15G, NNX11AF16G];
Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC, UK) [GA01081]; Swiss
National Program HALCLIM (Swiss Federal Office for the Environment,
FOEN); International Foundation High Altitude Research Stations
Jungfraujoch and Gornergrat (HFSJG); Norwegian Environment Agency;
National Research Council of Italy; Italian Ministry of Education,
University and Research; InGOS (Integrated Non-CO2 Greenhouse
gas Observing System, European FP-7 Infrastructure project) [284274];
Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program
[CATER 2014-6020]; CAMS Fundamental Research Funds [2014Y005]; Korean
Polar Research Programs [PE13410, PP16102]; Australian Climate Change
Science Program (ACCSP), an Australian Government Initiative; FNRS-CFB
in Belgium; FWO in Belgium; NRCan/GSC in Canada; CAS in China; FIST in
Denmark; IPEV in France; CNRS/INSU in France; CEA in France; ANR in
France; AWI in Germany; RannIs in Iceland; NIPR in Japan; KOPRI in
Korea; NWO/ALW in Netherlands; VR in Sweden; SNF in Switzerland; NERC in
United Kingdom; U.S. NSF in U.S.; Office of Polar Programs in U.S.;
CSIRO Office of the Chief Executive; UK Natural Environment Research
Council (NERC) [NE/1021365/1]
FX We acknowledge the station personnel at all stations for their
continuous support in conducting in situ measurements and flask sampling
activities, the many providers of flask samples composing the archived
air sample data set of the Northern Hemisphere, and David Catchpole for
clarification on the HTOC activities and reports. The operation of the
AGAGE instruments at Mace Head, Trinidad Head, Cape Matatula, Ragged
Point, and Cape Grim is supported by the National Aeronautic and Space
Administration (NASA) (grants NAG5-12669, NNX07AE89G, and NNX11AF17G to
MIT and grants NNX07AE87G, NNX07AF09G, NNX11AF15G, and NNX11AF16G to
SIO), the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC, UK) contract
GA01081 to the University of Bristol, and the Commonwealth Scientific
and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO Australia) and Bureau of
Meteorology (Australia). NOAA measurements of halons are supported in
part by the NOAA Climate Program Office's AC4 program and benefit from
C. Siso for the technical assistance in analyzing NOAA flasks. Financial
support for the measurements at the other sites is provided for
Jungfraujoch by the Swiss National Program HALCLIM (Swiss Federal Office
for the Environment, FOEN) and by the International Foundation High
Altitude Research Stations Jungfraujoch and Gornergrat (HFSJG), for
Zeppelin by the Norwegian Environment Agency, and for Monte Cimone by
the National Research Council of Italy and the Italian Ministry of
Education, University and Research, through the Project of National
Interest Nextdata. Activities at Mace Head (Bristol University),
Jungfraujoch (Empa), Monte Cimone (University of Urbino), and Zeppelin
(NILU) are also supported through InGOS (Integrated Non-CO2
Greenhouse gas Observing System, European FP-7 Infrastructure project
grant agreement 284274). Observations at Gosan were supported by the
Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program
under grant CATER 2014-6020. Support for Shangdianzi observations comes
from the Key Project Natural Science Foundation of China (41030107), the
CMA Fundation for Climate Change Research (CCSF201331), and the CAMS
Fundamental Research Funds (2014Y005). Support for King Sejong flask
samples comes from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education and
Research and Innovation (SERI), the National Research Foundation of
Korea for the Korean-Swiss Science and Technology Cooperation Program,
and the Korean Polar Research ProgramsPE13410 and PP16102. CSIRO's
contribution was supported in part by the Australian Climate Change
Science Program (ACCSP), an Australian Government Initiative. Australian
firn activities in the Antarctic are specifically supported by the
Australian Antarctic Science Program. We acknowledge the members of the
firn air sampling teams for provision of the samples from Law Dome,
NEEM, and South Pole. NEEM is directed and organized by the Center of
Ice and Climate at the Niels Bohr Institute and US NSF, Office of Polar
Programs. It is supported by funding agencies and institutions in
Belgium (FNRS-CFB and FWO), Canada (NRCan/GSC), China (CAS), Denmark
(FIST), France (IPEV, CNRS/INSU, CEA, and ANR), Germany (AWI), Iceland
(RannIs), Japan (NIPR), Korea (KOPRI), the Netherlands (NWO/ALW), Sweden
(VR), Switzerland (SNF), United Kingdom (NERC), and the U.S. (U.S. NSF,
Office of Polar Programs). M.K.V. acknowledges a CSIRO Office of the
Chief Executive Distinguished Visiting Scientist grant to CSIRO
Aspendale for firn air measurements. M.R.; is supported by Advanced
Research Fellowships from the UK Natural Environment Research Council
(NERC, NE/1021365/1). Data used in this study are available from the
supporting information, from https://agage.mit.edu/, and from
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/.
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 16
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 7
BP 3663
EP 3686
DI 10.1002/2015JD024488
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK7QG
UT WOS:000375120200037
ER
PT J
AU Ott, LE
Duncan, BN
Thompson, AM
Diskin, G
Fasnacht, Z
Langford, AO
Lin, MY
Molod, AM
Nielsen, JE
Pusede, SE
Wargan, K
Weinheimer, AJ
Yoshida, Y
AF Ott, Lesley E.
Duncan, Bryan N.
Thompson, Anne M.
Diskin, Glenn
Fasnacht, Zachary
Langford, Andrew O.
Lin, Meiyun
Molod, Andrea M.
Nielsen, J. Eric
Pusede, Sally E.
Wargan, Krzysztof
Weinheimer, Andrew J.
Yoshida, Yasuko
TI Frequency and impact of summertime stratospheric intrusions over
Maryland during DISCOVER-AQ (2011): New evidence from NASA's GEOS-5
simulations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE ozone; stratospheric intrusion; air quality
ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; TROPOSPHERE EXCHANGE; OZONE CONCENTRATIONS; GLOBAL
CLIMATOLOGY; BACKGROUND OZONE; TROPOPAUSE FOLDS; UNITED-STATES;
PACIFIC-OCEAN; AIR-QUALITY; SURFACE AIR
AB Aircraft observations and ozonesonde profiles collected on 14 and 27 July 2011, during the Maryland month-long Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) campaign, indicate the presence of stratospheric air just above the planetary boundary layer (PBL). This raises the question of whether summer stratospheric intrusions (SIs) elevate surface ozone levels and to what degree they influence background ozone levels and contribute to ozone production. We used idealized stratospheric air tracers, along with observations, to determine the frequency and extent of SIs in Maryland during July 2011. On 4 of 14 flight days, SIs were detected in layers that the aircraft encountered above the PBL from the coincidence of enhanced ozone, moderate CO, and low moisture. Satellite observations of lower tropospheric humidity confirmed the occurrence of synoptic-scale influence of SIs as do simulations with the GEOS-5 atmospheric general circulation model. The evolution of GEOS-5 stratospheric air tracers agrees with the timing and location of observed stratospheric influence and indicates that more than 50% of air in SI layers above the PBL had resided in the stratosphere within the previous 14days. Despite having a strong influence in the lower free troposphere, these events did not significantly affect surface ozone, which remained low on intrusion days. The model indicates similar frequencies of stratospheric influence during all summers from 2009 to 2013. GEOS-5 results suggest that over Maryland, the strong inversion capping the summer PBL limits downward mixing of stratospheric air during much of the day, helping to preserve low surface ozone associated with frontal passages that precede SIs.
C1 [Ott, Lesley E.; Duncan, Bryan N.; Thompson, Anne M.; Molod, Andrea M.; Nielsen, J. Eric; Wargan, Krzysztof; Yoshida, Yasuko] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Diskin, Glenn] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Fasnacht, Zachary] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Langford, Andrew O.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Chem Sci Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Lin, Meiyun] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Lin, Meiyun] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Molod, Andrea M.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Nielsen, J. Eric; Wargan, Krzysztof; Yoshida, Yasuko] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
[Pusede, Sally E.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Clark Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Weinheimer, Andrew J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Ott, LE (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
EM lesley.e.ott@nasa.gov
RI Lin, Meiyun/D-6107-2013; Langford, Andrew/D-2323-2009; Ott,
Lesley/E-2250-2012; Duncan, Bryan/A-5962-2011; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015; Thompson, Anne /C-3649-2014
OI Lin, Meiyun/0000-0003-3852-3491; Langford, Andrew/0000-0002-2932-7061;
Wargan, Krzysztof/0000-0002-3795-2983; Thompson, Anne
/0000-0002-7829-0920
FU NASA's Atmospheric Composition Campaign Data Analysis and Modeling
program; NASA's DISCOVER-AQ campaign
FX This work was supported by funding from NASA's Atmospheric Composition
Campaign Data Analysis and Modeling program and NASA's DISCOVER-AQ
campaign. MERRA and MERRA-2 data have been provided by the GMAO at
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center through the NASA GES DISC online
archive. AIRS data are also available through the GES DISC. DISCOVER-AQ
aircraft and ozonesonde observations were provided by NASA's Langley
Research Center at
http://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/missions/discover-aq/discover-aq.html.
GEOS-5 stratospheric tracer simulations will be provided upon request.
NR 78
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD APR 16
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 7
BP 3687
EP 3706
DI 10.1002/2015JD024052
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK7QG
UT WOS:000375120200038
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, JM
Vaghefi, SA
Jafari, MA
Lu, Y
Ghofrani, A
AF Zhu, Jianmin
Vaghefi, Seyed A.
Jafari, Mohsen A.
Lu, Yan
Ghofrani, Ali
TI Managing demand uncertainty with cost-for-deviation retail pricing
SO ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
LA English
DT Article
DE Electricity retailing; Demand side management; Transactive energy;
Demand uncertainty; Model-predictive control
ID VALUE-AT-RISK; ENERGY-CONSUMPTION; STOCHASTIC PROGRAMS; ELECTRICITY
MARKETS; SELLING PRICE; BUILDINGS; MODEL; STRATEGIES; CUSTOMERS; SYSTEMS
AB The current rate structures for the electricity retailing exposes utility providers to the full wholesale market risks, and fail to incentivize end-use customers to better estimate and track their loads. In this paper, we propose a Cost-for-Deviation (CfD) retail-pricing scheme, which is designed to minimize the demand uncertainty of individual customers or communities. We formulate day-ahead planning and real-time tracking optimization problems for individual buildings. We also formulate CfD pricing scheme for community of two buildings and devise a collaboration scheme by which the two buildings negotiate. Both centralized and distributed negotiation mechanisms are presented, and the significance of adopting a transaction cost for fair-trading is discussed. A series of experiments demonstrate that CfD pricing is able to reduce demand uncertainty in a building or a community. Hence, a community's cost of hedging quantity risk in the real-time market also reduces. Our conjecture is that by the virtue of end users being in a position to closely monitor their daily loads and by paying fines for not adhering to their plans would ultimately benefit energy efficiency and will reduce infrastructure costs. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhu, Jianmin] Liberty Mutual Insurance, Boston, MA 02116 USA.
[Vaghefi, Seyed A.; Jafari, Mohsen A.; Ghofrani, Ali] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08904 USA.
[Lu, Yan] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ghofrani, A (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08904 USA.
EM a.ghofrani1@gmail.com
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0378-7788
EI 1872-6178
J9 ENERG BUILDINGS
JI Energy Build.
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 118
BP 46
EP 56
DI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.02.025
PG 11
WC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA DJ7CM
UT WOS:000374369500005
ER
PT J
AU Stout, SA
Payne, JR
Emsbo-Mattingly, SD
Baker, G
AF Stout, Scott A.
Payne, James R.
Emsbo-Mattingly, Stephen D.
Baker, Gregory
TI Weathering of field-collected floating and stranded Macondo oils during
and shortly after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Review
DE Oil spill; Weathering; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Biomarkers;
Photo-oxidation
ID CRUDE-OIL; BIODEGRADATION; PHOTOOXIDATION; DEGRADATION; PETROLEUM;
TOXICITY; PRODUCTS; BIOMARKERS; STABILITY; ROLES
AB Chemical analysis of large populations of floating (n = 62) and stranded (n = 1174) Macondo oils collected from the northern Gulf of Mexico sea surface and shorelines during or within seven weeks of the end of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill demonstrates the range, rates, and processes affecting surface oil weathering. Oil collected immediately upon reaching the sea surface had already lost most mass below n-C-8 from dissolution of soluble aliphatics, monoaromatics, and naphthalenes during the oil's ascent with further reductions extending up to n-C-13 due to the onset of evaporation. With additional time, weathering of the floating and stranded oils advanced with total PAH (TPAH(50)) depletions averaging 69 +/- 23% for floating oils and 94 +/- 3% for stranded oils caused by the combined effects of evaporation, dissolution, and photo-oxidation, the latter of which also reduced triaromatic steroid biomarkers. Biodegradation was not evident among the coalesced floating oils studied, but had commenced in some stranded oils. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Stout, Scott A.; Emsbo-Mattingly, Stephen D.] NewFields Environm Forens Practice LLC, 300 Ledgewood Pl,Suite 305, Rockland, MA USA.
[Payne, James R.] Payne Environm Consultants Inc, 1651 Linda Sue Lane, Encinitas, CA USA.
[Baker, Gregory] NOAA, Assessment & Restorat Div, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS-999, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
RP Stout, SA (reprint author), NewFields Environm Forens Practice LLC, 300 Ledgewood Pl,Suite 305, Rockland, MA USA.
EM sstout@newfields.com
FU NOAA through Industrial Economics, Corp. (Cambridge, MA) as part of the
NRDA process
FX This study was conducted within the Deepwater Horizon NRDA
investigation, which was cooperatively conducted by NOAA, other Federal
and State Trustees, and BP. The scientific results and conclusion of
this publication, as well as any views or opinions expressed herein, are
those of the authors only. The authors declare no competing financial
interest in the publication of this study. Funding for the study was
provided by NOAA through Industrial Economics, Corp. (Cambridge, MA) as
part of the NRDA process.
NR 44
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 18
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 105
IS 1
BP 7
EP 22
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.044
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DL7JC
UT WOS:000375816000014
PM 26936118
ER
PT J
AU Melvin, AT
Thibodeaux, LJ
Parsons, AR
Overton, E
Valsaraj, KT
Nandakumar, K
AF Melvin, A. T.
Thibodeaux, L. J.
Parsons, A. R.
Overton, E.
Valsaraj, K. T.
Nandakumar, K.
TI Oil-material fractionation in Gulf deep water horizontal intrusion
layer: Field data analysis with chemodynamic fate model for Macondo 252
oil spill
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Deepwater horizon; Oil-material trapping layer; Chemodynamics;
Sub-surface plume; Far field modeling
ID DROPLET SIZE; OF-MEXICO; WELL BLOWOUT; GAS; TRANSPORT; TEMPERATURE;
PYCNOCLINE; DIFFUSION; PLUMES
AB Among the discoveries of the Deepwater Horizon blowout was the so-called "sub-surface plume"; herein termed the "oil-trapping layer". Hydrocarbons were found positioned at similar to 1100-1300 m with thickness similar to 100-150 m and moving horizontally to the SW in a vertically stratified layer at the junction of the cold abyssal water and the permanent thermocline. This study focuses on its formation process and fate of the hydrocarbons within. The originality of this work to the field is two-fold, first it provides a conceptual framework which places layer origin in the context of a horizontal "intrusion" from the near-field, vertical, blow-out plume and second, it offers a theoretical model for the hydrocarbon chemicals within the horizontal layer as it moves far-afield. The model quantifies the oil-material fractionation process for the soluble and fine particle. The classical Box model, retrofitted with an internal gradient, the "G-Box", allows an approach that includes turbulent-eddy diffusion coupled with droplet rise velocity and reactive decay to produce a simple, explicit, transparent, algebraic model with few parameters for the fate of the individual fractions. Computations show the soluble and smallest liquid droplets moving very slowly vertically through the layer appearing within the trapping layer at low concentration with high persistence. The larger droplets move-through this trapping zone quickly, attain high concentrations, and eventually form the sea surface slick. It impacts the field of oil spill engineering science by providing the conceptual idea and the algorithms for projecting the quantities and fractions of oil-material in a deep water, horizontal marine current being dispersed and moving far afield. In the field of oil spill modeling this work extends the current generation near-field plume source models to the far-field. The theory portrays the layer as an efficient oil material trap. The model-forecasted concentration profiles for alkanes and aromatics against the available field data support the proposed theory and the resulting model. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Melvin, A. T.; Thibodeaux, L. J.; Valsaraj, K. T.; Nandakumar, K.] Louisiana State Univ, Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Overton, E.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Parsons, A. R.] NOAA, Natl Oceanog Data Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
RP Thibodeaux, LJ (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Cain Dept Chem Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM thibod@lsu.edu
RI Nandakumar, K/C-9995-2011; Valsaraj, Kalliat/B-6451-2008
OI Nandakumar, K/0000-0003-0795-9284; Valsaraj, Kalliat/0000-0003-0251-1739
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 105
IS 1
BP 110
EP 119
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.043
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DL7JC
UT WOS:000375816000027
PM 26947926
ER
PT J
AU Deshpande, AD
Dickhut, RM
Dockum, BW
Brill, RW
Farrington, C
AF Deshpande, Ashok D.
Dickhut, Rebecca M.
Dockum, Bruce W.
Brill, Richard W.
Farrington, Cameron
TI Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides as intrinsic
tracer tags of foraging grounds of bluefin tuna in the northwest
Atlantic Ocean
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic bluefin tuna; PCB fingerprints; Trans-nonachlor/PCB 153 ratio;
Metapopulation
ID NEW-YORK BIGHT; THUNNUS-THYNNUS; MEDITERRANEAN SEA;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; FATTY-ACID; NEWARK BAY; ECOLOGY; MUSCLE; GULF;
FISH
AB Researchers have utilized chemical fingerprints in the determination of habitat utilization and movements of the aquatic animals. In the present effort, we analyzed polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and organochlorine pesticides in the samples of juvenile bluefin tuna caught offshore of Virginia, and in larger bluefin tuna from the Gulf of Maine and near Nova Scotia. For a given specimen, or a given location, PCB concentrations were highest, followed by DDTs, and chlordanes. Average contaminant concentrations from fish captured from the three locations were not significantly different; and PCBs, DDTs, and chlordanes correlated well with each other. Trans-nonachlor/PCB 153 ratios in bluefin tuna of eastern Atlantic (i.e., Mediterranean) origin are low compared to the corresponding ratios in fish in the western Atlantic. As the former migrate to the western Atlantic, these ratios gradually turnover due to the accumulation of biomass from forage contaminated with higher trans-nonachlor/PCB 153 ratio reflecting dissimilar use of chlordane pesticides on two sides of the Atlantic Ocean. The trans-nonachlor/PCB 153 ratio indicated that one juvenile bluefin tuna from offshore of Virginia and one large bluefin tuna from Gulf of Maine in the present study originated from foraging grounds in the Mediterranean Sea, and that they have made the trans-Atlantic migrations. The remaining individuals were determined to be either spawned in the Gulf of Mexico or the trans-nonachlor/PCB 153 ratio for the putative Mediterranean bluefin tuna was completely turned over to resemble the ratio characteristic to the western Atlantic. Based on the turnover time for trans-nonachlor/PCB 153 ratio previously determined, the residence time of juvenile bluefin tuna offshore Virginia was estimated to be at least 0.8 to 1.6 years. A discriminant function analysis (DFA) plot of total PCB normalized signatures of PCB congeners showed three separate clusters, which suggested that bluefin tuna from offshore Virginia, Gulf of Maine, and Nova Scotia could have had extended residences and foraging within the areas of capture to be able to sustain the stable signatures of PCB congeners. The DFA cluster results supported the concept of metapopulation theory of spatial ecology comprising discrete aggregates of local populations of bluefin tuna where the desired prey species are likely to be abundant. Despite their highly migratory trait and endothermic advantage of foraging in broader and colder habitats, the movements and mixing across the aggregation ranges related to feeding did not appear to be extensive. Advancement in the understanding of bluefin tuna population dynamics beyond the coarse concept of trans-Atlantic migrations to the metapopulation hypothesis provides a novel exploratory tool in the stock assessment and resource management. As the chemical tracer tags are fortified naturally and document the time- and space-integrated foraging history, they promise to serve as the low-cost alternatives to the high-cost electronic data recording tags employed for addressing the migratory movements of bluefin tuna. Between the different potential chemical tracer tags, a distinct advantage of PCB/pesticide analysis over the otolith micro-constituent analysis is that the muscle tissue of a given individual bluefin tuna can be sampled repeatedly for PCB/pesticide analysis over different spatial and temporal scales in a non-lethal manner. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Deshpande, Ashok D.; Dockum, Bruce W.; Brill, Richard W.; Farrington, Cameron] NOAA Fisheries, James J Howard Marine Sci Lab, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Sandy Hook, NJ USA.
[Dickhut, Rebecca M.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
RP Deshpande, AD (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, James J Howard Marine Sci Lab Sandy Hook, 74 Magruder Rd, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
EM ashok.deshpande@noaa.gov
FU NOAA [NA04NMF4550391]; NOAA/UNH-LPRC
FX The authors are thankful to Molly Lutcavage and John Logan at University
of New Hampshire's Large Pelagic Research Center (UNH-LPRC) for
providing the samples of bluefin tuna from Gulf of Maine and Nova
Scotia. We thank David Richardson, Robert Pikanowski, and Nathaniel
Newlands for the critical reviews of the manuscript. We also thank the
two unknown reviewers of the Marine Pollution Bulletin for their
critical reviews and excellent feedback. The study was partly funded by
a grant from NOAA/UNH-LPRC to the Virginia Institute of Marine Science
entitled "PCBs as novel tracers for determining Bluefin tuna (Thunnus
thynnus) population mixing in the North Atlantic", which was coauthored
by Rebecca M. Dickhut (Virginia Institute of Marine Science) and Ashok
D. Deshpande (NOAA) (a sub-award under the grant number NA04NMF4550391
from NOAA to UNH-LPRC).
NR 57
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Z9 0
U1 10
U2 17
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 105
IS 1
BP 265
EP 276
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.016
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DL7JC
UT WOS:000375816000044
PM 26895594
ER
PT J
AU Disseler, SM
Lynn, JW
Jardim, RF
Torikachvili, MS
Granado, E
AF Disseler, S. M.
Lynn, J. W.
Jardim, R. F.
Torikachvili, M. S.
Granado, E.
TI Spin dynamics and two-dimensional correlations in the fcc
antiferromagnetic Sr2YRuO6
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID DOUBLE PEROVSKITE SR2YRUO6; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURES; CRYSTAL; DIFFRACTION;
NEUTRON
AB The face-centered-cubic (fcc) lattice of Ru5+ spins in the double perovskite Sr2YRuO6 shows a delicate, three-dimensional antiferromagnetic (AFM) ground state composed of stacked square AFM layers. Inelastic neutron scattering data taken on this state reveal a gapped low-energy excitation band emerging from [001] with spin excitations extending to 8meV. These magnetic excitations are modeled by a simple J(1)-J(2) interaction scheme allowing quantitative comparisons with similar materials. At higher temperatures, the low-energy excitation spectrum is dominated by a quasielastic component associated with size fluctuations of two-dimensional AFM clusters that exhibit asymmetric correlations even at low temperatures. Thus, the fcc lattice in general and the double-perovskite structure in particular emerge as hosts of both two-dimensional and three-dimensional dynamics resulting from frustration.
C1 [Disseler, S. M.; Lynn, J. W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jardim, R. F.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, CP 66318, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Torikachvili, M. S.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Phys, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Granado, E.] Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Inst Phys Gleb Wataghin, BR-13083859 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
RP Disseler, SM (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Jardim, Renato/J-8068-2014; Granado, Eduardo/F-5389-2012; FAPESP,
CDMF/J-3591-2015
OI Jardim, Renato/0000-0002-2000-0257;
FU FAPESP [2012/04870-7, 2013/07296-2, 2014/19245-6]; CNPq, Brazil; NSF,
USA [DMR-0805335]
FX This work was supported in part by FAPESP Grants No. 2012/04870-7,
2013/07296-2 and No. 2014/19245-6 and CNPq, Brazil, and NSF Grant No.
DMR-0805335, USA.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 29
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 14
AR 140407
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.140407
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DJ6CW
UT WOS:000374298600001
ER
PT J
AU Xu, MH
Jager, SB
Schutz, S
Cooper, J
Morigi, G
Holland, MJ
AF Xu, Minghui
Jaeger, Simon B.
Schuetz, S.
Cooper, J.
Morigi, Giovanna
Holland, M. J.
TI Supercooling of Atoms in an Optical Resonator
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER; GASES; LIGHT
AB We investigate laser cooling of an ensemble of atoms in an optical cavity. We demonstrate that when atomic dipoles are synchronized in the regime of steady-state superradiance, the motion of the atoms may be subject to a giant frictional force leading to potentially very low temperatures. The ultimate temperature limits are determined by a modified atomic linewidth, which can be orders of magnitude smaller than the cavity linewidth. The cooling rate is enhanced by the superradiant emission into the cavity mode allowing reasonable cooling rates even for dipolar transitions with ultranarrow linewidth.
C1 [Xu, Minghui; Cooper, J.; Holland, M. J.] Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Xu, Minghui; Cooper, J.; Holland, M. J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Xu, Minghui; Holland, M. J.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Theory Quantum Matter, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jaeger, Simon B.; Schuetz, S.; Morigi, Giovanna] Univ Saarland, Theoret Phys, D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany.
RP Xu, MH (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Xu, MH (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Xu, MH (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Theory Quantum Matter, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Xu, Minghui/D-4701-2017
FU DARPA QuASAR program; NSF [AMO-1404263, PFC-1125844, QIS-1521080]; NIST;
German Research Foundation (DACH project "Quantum crystals of matter and
light"); German Ministry of Education and Research BMBF (Q.Com)
FX We acknowledge helpful discussions with A. M. Rey, J. Ye, and J. K.
Thompson. This work has been supported by the DARPA QuASAR program, the
NSF (Grants No. AMO-1404263, No. PFC-1125844, and No. QIS-1521080),
NIST, the German Research Foundation (DACH project "Quantum crystals of
matter and light"), and the German Ministry of Education and Research
BMBF (Q.Com).
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 116
IS 15
AR 153002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.153002
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DJ6BN
UT WOS:000374295100005
PM 27127966
ER
PT J
AU Ona-Ruales, JO
Ruiz-Morales, Y
Wise, SA
AF Ona-Ruales, Jorge O.
Ruiz-Morales, Yosadara
Wise, Stephen A.
TI Identification and quantification of seven fused aromatic rings C26H14
pen-condensed benzenoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a complex
mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from coal tar
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
LA English
DT Article
DE Coal tar; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); Normal-phase liquid
chromatography with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (NPLC/IJV-vis); Gas
chromatography with mass; spectrometry (GC/MS); Annellation theory;
ZINDO/S calculations
ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION; STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIALS;
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; Y-RULE; DIESEL PARTICULATE; PYROLYSIS; PRODUCTS; PAHS
AB A methodology for the characterization of groups of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using a combination of normal phase liquid chromatography with ultraviolet -visible spectroscopy (NPLC/UV-vis) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used for the identification and quantification of seven fused aromatic rings C26H14 peri-condensed benzenoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs, in standard reference material (SRM) 1597a, complex mixture of PAHs from coal tar. The NPLC/UV-vis isolated the fractions based on the number of aromatic carbons and the GC/MS allowed the identification and quantification of five of the nine C26H14 PAH isomers; naphtho[1,2,3,4-ghi]perylene, dibenzo[b,ghi]perylene, dibenzo[b,pqr]perylene, naphtho[8,1,2-bcd]perylene, and dibenzo[cd,/m]perylene using a retention time comparison with authentic reference standards. For the other four benzenoid isomers with no available reference standards the following two approaches were used. First, the annellation theory was used to achieve the potential identification of benzo[qr]naphtho[3,2,1,8-defg]chrysene, and second, the elution distribution in the GC fractions was used to support the potential identification of benzo[qdnaphtho[3,2,1,8-defg]chrysene and to reach the tentative identifications of dibenzo[a,ghi]perylene, naphtho[7,8,1,2,3-pqrst]pentaphene, and anthra[2,1,9,8opqra]naphthacene. It is the first time that naphtho[1,2,3,4-ghi]perylene, dibenzo[b,ghi]perylene, dibenzo[b,pqr]perylene, naphtho[8,1,2-bcd]perylene, and dibenzo[cd,lm]perylene are quantified, and the first time that benzo[qr]naphtho[3,2,1,8-defg]chrysene is potentially identified, in any sample, in any context. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ona-Ruales, Jorge O.; Wise, Stephen A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ruiz-Morales, Yosadara] Inst Mexicano Petr, Eje Cent Lazaro Cardenas Norte 152, Mexico City 07730, DF, Mexico.
RP Ona-Ruales, JO (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Jorge.ona-ruales@nist.gov
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 8
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-9673
EI 1873-3778
J9 J CHROMATOGR A
JI J. Chromatogr. A
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 1442
BP 83
EP 93
DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.082
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA DJ3CT
UT WOS:000374083100010
PM 26976350
ER
PT J
AU Ainsworth, TD
Heron, SF
Ortiz, JC
Mumby, PJ
Grech, A
Ogawa, D
Eakin, CM
Leggat, W
AF Ainsworth, Tracy D.
Heron, Scott F.
Ortiz, Juan Carlos
Mumby, Peter J.
Grech, Alana
Ogawa, Daisie
Eakin, C. Mark
Leggat, William
TI Climate change disables coral bleaching protection on the Great Barrier
Reef
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID STRESS; PROJECTIONS; RESISTANCE; EMISSIONS; RESPONSES
AB Coral bleaching events threaten the sustainability of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Here we show that bleaching events of the past three decades have been mitigated by induced thermal tolerance of reef-building corals, and this protective mechanism is likely to be lost under near-future climate change scenarios. We show that 75% of past thermal stress events have been characterized by a temperature trajectory that subjects corals to a protective, sub-bleaching stress, before reaching temperatures that cause bleaching. Such conditions confer thermal tolerance, decreasing coral cell mortality and symbiont loss during bleaching by over 50%. We find that near-future increases in local temperature of as little as 0.5 degrees C result in this protective mechanism being lost, which may increase the rate of degradation of the GBR.
C1 [Ainsworth, Tracy D.; Ogawa, Daisie; Leggat, William] James Cook Univ, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Coral Reef, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
[Heron, Scott F.; Eakin, C. Mark] NOAA, Coral Reef Watch, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Heron, Scott F.] James Cook Univ, Coll Sci Technol & Engn, Marine Geophys Lab, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Ortiz, Juan Carlos; Mumby, Peter J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Marine Spatial Ecol Lab, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Ortiz, Juan Carlos; Mumby, Peter J.] Univ Queensland, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Coral Reef, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Grech, Alana] Macquarie Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
[Ogawa, Daisie; Leggat, William] James Cook Univ, Coll Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
RP Ainsworth, TD (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Coral Reef, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
EM tracy.ainsworth@jcu.edu.au
RI Eakin, C. Mark/F-5585-2010; Heron, Scott/E-7928-2011; AINSWORTH,
TRACY/L-7309-2016;
OI AINSWORTH, TRACY/0000-0001-6476-9263; Leggat,
William/0000-0003-4148-2555; Grech, Alana/0000-0003-4117-3779
FU Australian Research Council Discovery Program [DP130101421]; Australian
Research Council Super Science Program [FS110200046]; Australian
Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies
[CE0561435]; Great Barrier Reef Foundation (Coral Health Grant); NOAA
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service; NOAA
Coral Reef Conservation Program; FigShare project [12040]
FX The authors thank the following funding bodies: Australian Research
Council Discovery Program grant DP130101421 (awarded to W.L. and
T.D.A.); Australian Research Council Super Science Program grant
FS110200046 (awarded to Terry P. Hughes, Director, Australian Research
Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies); Australian
Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies grant
CE0561435; the Great Barrier Reef Foundation (Coral Health Grant); the
NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service;
and the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program. The authors thank N. Wolff
for providing SST projections and help in analysis of ecosystem model
components and M. De Freitas Prazeres for cell counts. The contents in
this manuscript are solely the opinions of the authors and do not
constitute a statement of policy, decision, or position on behalf of
NOAA or the U.S. government. T.D.A., S.F.H., J.C.O., and W.L. designed
the study. T.D.A., D.O., and W.L. conducted experimental procedures and
physiological analyses. S.F.H. and C.M.E. conducted SST and
oceanographic analyses. J.C.O. and P.J.M. conducted predictive modeling
and model validation. T.D.A., S.F.H., J.C.O., P.J.M., A.G., C.M.E., and
W.L. wrote and finalized the manuscript. Code for the analysis of SST
data is available through contact and collaboration with S. Heron
(scott.heron@noaa.gov). Code for the ecosystem model is available
through contact and collaboration with J.-C. Ortiz (j.ortiz@uq.edu.au).
The NOAA data and code are available from a dedicated web page:
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/publications/AinsworthEtAl_2016.php. All
data and code are available at FigShare project number 12040: Ecosystems
model code and scripts (DOI 10.6084/m9.figshare.3081127); Bleaching on
the GBR data release (DOI 10.6084/m9.figshare.3081127); Physiology and
gene expression data (DOI 10.6084/m9.figshare.3081064). D.O. is
currently employed by Boehringer Ingelheim, Fremont, CA. The authors
declare no competing financial interests.
NR 23
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 97
U2 233
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 352
IS 6283
BP 338
EP 342
DI 10.1126/science.aac7125
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DJ1UK
UT WOS:000373990100039
PM 27081069
ER
PT J
AU Yang, YB
Liu, SQ
Zhao, H
Yang, WY
Wu, R
Huang, QZ
Zhou, D
Du, HL
Wang, CS
Yang, YC
Xu, H
Zhu, JL
Gourdon, O
Vogel, S
Yang, JB
AF Yang, Y. B.
Liu, S. Q.
Zhao, H.
Yang, W. Y.
Wu, R.
Huang, Q. Z.
Zhou, D.
Du, H. L.
Wang, C. S.
Yang, Y. C.
Xu, H.
Zhu, J. L.
Gourdon, O.
Vogel, S.
Yang, J. B.
TI Magnetic structure and phase transition of Ni2Mn1.48Sb0.52 magnetic
shape memory compound
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutron diffraction; Shape memory compound; Martensitic phase
transition; Exchange bias effect
ID MARTENSITIC TRANSFORMATIONS; HEUSLER ALLOY
AB A comprehensive study of the structural and magnetic properties of the Ni2Mn1.48Sb0.52 compound is presented using neutron diffraction and magnetic measurements. It is found that Mn atoms on 4a and 4b sites are ferrimagnetic coupled in the austenitic phase. At 300 K, the magnetic moments of Mn (4a) and Mn (4b) are determined to be 2.72(3) mu(B) and -2.67(5) mu(B), respectively. From 260 K to 4 K, the compound is in martensite phase and the magnetic moments of Mn (2a), Mn (2f), Mn (2b), Mn (2e) at 4 K are 2.2(5) mu(B), 2.3(5) Pat -2.1(5) mu(B), and -2.6(5) mu(B), respectively. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yang, Y. B.; Liu, S. Q.; Zhao, H.; Yang, W. Y.; Wu, R.; Zhou, D.; Du, H. L.; Wang, C. S.; Yang, Y. C.; Yang, J. B.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, State Key Lab Mesoscop Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Yang, J. B.] Collaborat Innovat Ctr Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Q. Z.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA.
[Xu, H.; Zhu, J. L.; Gourdon, O.; Vogel, S.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Yang, JB (reprint author), Peking Univ, Sch Phys, State Key Lab Mesoscop Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM jbyang@pku.edu.cn
OI Xu, Hongwu/0000-0002-0793-6923
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51371009, 50971003,
51171001]; National Basic Research Program of China (MOST of China)
[2010CB833104]
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant Nos. 51371009, 50971003 and 51171001), the National Basic
Research Program of China (No. 2010CB833104, MOST of China).
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 8
U2 27
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 116
BP 31
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.01.028
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA DH1QP
UT WOS:000372560300007
ER
PT J
AU Bokusheva, R
Kogan, F
Vitkovskaya, I
Conradt, S
Batyrbayeva, M
AF Bokusheva, R.
Kogan, F.
Vitkovskaya, I.
Conradt, S.
Batyrbayeva, M.
TI Satellite-based vegetation health indices as a criteria for insuring
against drought-related yield losses
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite-based vegetation health index; Drought-related yield losses;
Wheat; Agricultural insurance; Copula approach
ID SOUTHERN AFRICA; AVHRR DATA; INSURANCE
AB This paper considers the use of indices built on the basis of remote-sensing data for crop insurance purposes. In our analysis, we compare the capacity of two satellite-based vegetation health (VH) indices, the vegetation condition index (VCI) and the temperature condition index (TCI), measured for important periods of the crop vegetation to predict farmers' wheat yields in two main grain producing regions of Kazakhstan. The selected indices are used for the design of index-based insurance contracts. The dependence of wheat yields on vegetation conditions as measured by VCI and TCI, is modeled by applying the copula approach. Our empirical results for 47 grain-producing farms in the Northern Kazakhstan show that insurance contracts built on VH indices can provide substantial risk reductions for a group of farms, though on average for the whole sample, risk reductions were found to be moderate. The study results suggest that the effectiveness of insurance contracts can be improved using satellite data of higher resolutions and measuring indices at more disaggregated levels. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bokusheva, R.; Conradt, S.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Kogan, F.] Natl Space Agcy Republ Kazakhstan, Space Res Inst, Astana, Kazakhstan.
[Vitkovskaya, I.; Batyrbayeva, M.] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Bokusheva, R (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland.
EM bokushev@ethz.ch
RI Kogan, Felix/F-5600-2010
OI Kogan, Felix/0000-0001-8216-900X
FU Swiss National Science Foundation within its Program of Scientific
Co-operation between Eastern Europe and Switzerland (SCOPES)
FX The authors thank financial support of the Swiss National Science
Foundation within its Program of Scientific Co-operation between Eastern
Europe and Switzerland (SCOPES).
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
EI 1873-2240
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 220
BP 200
EP 206
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.12.066
PG 7
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DG9EH
UT WOS:000372385100019
ER
PT J
AU Del Buffa, S
Fratini, E
Ridi, F
Faraone, A
Baglioni, P
AF Del Buffa, Stefano
Fratini, Emiliano
Ridi, Francesca
Faraone, Antonio
Baglioni, Piero
TI State of Water in Hydrating Tricalcium Silicate Pastes: The Effect of a
Cellulose Ether
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; C-S-H; CEMENT PASTE; CALCIUM SILICATE;
POROUS-GLASS; DYNAMICS; KINETICS; MICROSTRUCTURE; CALORIMETRY; MOTIONS
AB Time-dependent quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to study water dynamics and hydration kinetic of the hydration reaction of tricalcium silicate in the presence of a methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC) additive. The translational dynamics of the water confined in the developing hydrated calcium silicate matrix was probed at the molecular scale by QENS during the first 4 days, while the evolution of the matrix porosity and the hydration kinetics were determined up to 28 days of hydration by differential scanning calorimetry. The application of the boundary nucleation and growth model consistently improved the hydration kinetics picture, usually obtained from the application of the classical Avrami-Erove'ev model, allowing the evaluation of the individual contributions of nucleation and growth. over the entire hydration process. In the presence of the cellulose ether the nature of the nucleation process is strongly modified, approaching a "spatially random" hydration mechanism. The water contained in the nanometric porosity of the hydrated calcium silicate matrix, which is fundamental for the efficiency of the hydration process, results increased when MHEC is added, leading to a delay of the onset of the hydration process and the enhancement of the efficiency of the reaction.
C1 [Del Buffa, Stefano; Fratini, Emiliano; Ridi, Francesca; Baglioni, Piero] Univ Florence, Dept Chem Ugo Schiff, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
[Del Buffa, Stefano; Fratini, Emiliano; Ridi, Francesca; Baglioni, Piero] Univ Florence, CSGI, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
[Faraone, Antonio] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Faraone, Antonio] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Baglioni, P (reprint author), Univ Florence, Dept Chem Ugo Schiff, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Florence, Italy.; Baglioni, P (reprint author), Univ Florence, CSGI, Via Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
EM piero.baglioni@unifi.it
RI Baglioni, Piero/B-1208-2011
OI Baglioni, Piero/0000-0003-1312-8700
FU Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca Scientifica
(MiUR); Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a
Grande Interfase (CSGI)
FX S.D.B., E.F., F.R., and P.B. acknowledge financial support from
Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca Scientifica
(MiUR), and Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a
Grande Interfase (CSGI). Authors kindly acknowledge Dr. J. M. Zanotti
and R. Connatser for the help with the setup of the QENS spectrometer.
Dr. J. M. Zanotti is also acknowledged for providing the data reduction
routines. E.F. acknowledges Dr. I. Ciullini for the practical help
during the QENS experiment.
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD APR 14
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 14
BP 7612
EP 7620
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b00691
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DJ7ZJ
UT WOS:000374431400019
ER
PT J
AU Rubinson, KA
Buhlmann, P
Allison, TC
AF Rubinson, Kenneth A.
Buehlmann, Philippe
Allison, Thomas C.
TI One-dimensional ionic self-assembly in a fluorous solution: the
structure of tetra-n-butylammonium
tetrakis[3,5-bis(perfluorohexyl)phenyl]borate in
perfluoromethylcyclohexane by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS)
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POTENTIOMETRIC SENSORS; MEMBRANES; SOLVENT; SELECTIVITY; IONOPHORES;
CATALYSIS; SYSTEMS
AB Fluorous liquids are the least polarizable condensed phases known, and their nonpolar members form solutions with conditions the closest to being in vacuo. A soluble salt consisting of a large fluorophilic anion, tetrakis[3,5-bis(perfluorohexyl)phenyl]borate, and its counterion, tetra-n-butylammonium, dissolved in perfluoromethylcyclohexane produces ionic solutions with extremely low conductivity. These solutions were subjected to small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to ascertain the solute structure. At concentrations of 9% mass fraction, the fluorophilic electrolyte forms straight, long (>160 angstrom) self-assembled structures that are, in essence, long, homogeneous cylinders. Molecular models were made assuming a requirement for electroneutrality on the shortest length scale possible. This shows a structure formed from a stack of alternating anions and cations, and the structures fit the experimental scattering well. At the lower concentration of 1%, the stacks of ion pairs are shorter and eventually break up to form solitary ion pairs in the solution. These characteristics suggest such conditions provide an interesting new way to form long, self-assembling ionic nanostructures with single-molecule diameters in free solution onto which various moieties could be attached.
C1 [Rubinson, Kenneth A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rubinson, Kenneth A.] Wright State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Buehlmann, Philippe] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Allison, Thomas C.] NIST, Computat Informat Res Grp, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rubinson, KA (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Rubinson, KA (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
EM Rubinson@nist.gov; buhlmann@umn.edu; thomas.allison@nist.gov
NR 30
TC 1
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U1 4
U2 11
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
EI 1463-9084
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PD APR 14
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 14
BP 9470
EP 9475
DI 10.1039/c6cp00393a
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DI5WC
UT WOS:000373570200019
PM 26980055
ER
PT J
AU Dubernet, ML
Antony, BK
Ba, YA
Babikov, YL
Bartschat, K
Boudon, V
Braams, BJ
Chung, HK
Daniel, F
Delahaye, F
Del Zanna, G
de Urquijo, J
Dimitrijevic, MS
Domaracka, A
Doronin, M
Drouin, BJ
Endres, CP
Fazliev, AZ
Gagarin, SV
Gordon, IE
Gratier, P
Heiter, U
Hill, C
Jevremovic, D
Joblin, C
Kasprzak, A
Krishnakumar, E
Leto, G
Loboda, PA
Louge, T
Maclot, S
Marinkovic, BP
Markwick, A
Marquart, T
Mason, HE
Mason, NJ
Mendoza, C
Mihajlov, AA
Millar, TJ
Moreau, N
Mulas, G
Pakhomov, Y
Palmeri, P
Pancheshnyi, S
Perevalov, VI
Piskunov, N
Postler, J
Quinet, P
Quintas-Sanchez, E
Ralchenko, Y
Rhee, YJ
Rixon, G
Rothman, LS
Roueff, E
Ryabchikova, T
Sahal-Brechot, S
Scheier, P
Schlemmer, S
Schmitt, B
Stempels, E
Tashkun, S
Tennyson, J
Tyuterev, VG
Vujcic, V
Wakelam, V
Walton, NA
Zatsarinny, O
Zeippen, CJ
Zwolf, CM
AF Dubernet, M. L.
Antony, B. K.
Ba, Y. A.
Babikov, Yu L.
Bartschat, K.
Boudon, V.
Braams, B. J.
Chung, H-K
Daniel, F.
Delahaye, F.
Del Zanna, G.
de Urquijo, J.
Dimitrijevic, M. S.
Domaracka, A.
Doronin, M.
Drouin, B. J.
Endres, C. P.
Fazliev, A. Z.
Gagarin, S. V.
Gordon, I. E.
Gratier, P.
Heiter, U.
Hill, C.
Jevremovic, D.
Joblin, C.
Kasprzak, A.
Krishnakumar, E.
Leto, G.
Loboda, P. A.
Louge, T.
Maclot, S.
Marinkovic, B. P.
Markwick, A.
Marquart, T.
Mason, H. E.
Mason, N. J.
Mendoza, C.
Mihajlov, A. A.
Millar, T. J.
Moreau, N.
Mulas, G.
Pakhomov, Yu
Palmeri, P.
Pancheshnyi, S.
Perevalov, V. I.
Piskunov, N.
Postler, J.
Quinet, P.
Quintas-Sanchez, E.
Ralchenko, Yu
Rhee, Y-J
Rixon, G.
Rothman, L. S.
Roueff, E.
Ryabchikova, T.
Sahal-Brechot, S.
Scheier, P.
Schlemmer, S.
Schmitt, B.
Stempels, E.
Tashkun, S.
Tennyson, J.
Tyuterev, Vl G.
Vujcic, V.
Wakelam, V.
Walton, N. A.
Zatsarinny, O.
Zeippen, C. J.
Zwoelf, C. M.
TI The virtual atomic and molecular data centre (VAMDC) consortium
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE databases; atoms; molecules; spectroscopy; kinetic data; astrophysics
ID LOW-ENERGY-ELECTRON; LINE-DATA-BASE; IRRADIATION EXPERIMENTS RELEVANT;
STIMULATED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY; R-MATRIX
METHOD; CW-CAVITY RING; ION IRRADIATION; CROSS-SECTIONS; COLLISIONAL
DATABASE
AB The Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre (VAMDC) Consortium is a worldwide consortium which federates atomic and molecular databases through an e-science infrastructure and an organisation to support this activity. About 90% of the inter-connected databases handle data that are used for the interpretation of astronomical spectra and for modelling in many fields of astrophysics. Recently the VAMDC Consortium has connected databases from the radiation damage and the plasma communities, as well as promoting the publication of data from Indian institutes. This paper describes how the VAMDC Consortium is organised for the optimal distribution of atomic and molecular data for scientific research. It is noted that the VAMDC Consortium strongly advocates that authors of research papers using data cite the original experimental and theoretical papers as well as the relevant databases.
C1 [Dubernet, M. L.; Ba, Y. A.; Delahaye, F.; Dimitrijevic, M. S.; Doronin, M.; Moreau, N.; Quintas-Sanchez, E.; Roueff, E.; Sahal-Brechot, S.; Zeippen, C. J.; Zwoelf, C. M.] Univ Paris 06, Univ Sorbonne, CNRS, LERMA,Observ Paris,PSL Res Univ, 5 Pl Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France.
[Antony, B. K.] Indian Sch Mines, Dept Appl Phys, Dhanbad 826004, Bihar, India.
[Babikov, Yu L.; Fazliev, A. Z.; Perevalov, V. I.; Tashkun, S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Opt, Zuev Sq 1, Tomsk 634021, Russia.
[Babikov, Yu L.] Tomsk State Univ, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
[Bartschat, K.; Zatsarinny, O.] Drake Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Des Moines, IA 50311 USA.
[Boudon, V.] Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte, CNRS, UMR 6303, Lab Interdisciplinaire Carnot Bourgogne, 9 Ave Alain Savary,BP 47 870, F-21078 Dijon, France.
[Braams, B. J.; Chung, H-K] IAEA, Vienna Int Ctr, Div Phys & Chem Sci, Nucl Data Sect, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
[Daniel, F.; Schmitt, B.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
[Del Zanna, G.; Mason, H. E.] Ctr Math Sci, DAMTP, Wilberforce Rd, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England.
[de Urquijo, J.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Fis, POB 48-3, Cuernavaca 62251, Morelos, Mexico.
[Dimitrijevic, M. S.; Jevremovic, D.; Vujcic, V.] Astron Observ, Volgina 7, Belgrade 11060, Serbia.
[Domaracka, A.; Maclot, S.] UCN, ENSICAEN, CNRS, CIMAP,UMR 6252,CEA, Bd Henri Becquerel,BP 5133, F-14070 Caen 5, France.
[Drouin, B. J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Endres, C. P.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Gagarin, S. V.; Loboda, P. A.] Russian Fed Nucl Ctr All Russian Inst Tech Phys R, Snezhinsk, Russia.
[Gordon, I. E.; Rothman, L. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, MS50,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Gratier, P.; Wakelam, V.] Univ Bordeaux, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Florac, France.
[Gratier, P.; Wakelam, V.] CNRS, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Florac, France.
[Heiter, U.; Marquart, T.; Piskunov, N.; Stempels, E.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Hill, C.; Tennyson, J.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Mortimer St, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Joblin, C.; Louge, T.; Mulas, G.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, CNRS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, 9 Av Colonel Roche, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.
[Kasprzak, A.] Observ Paris, SRCV, 61 Av Denfert Rochereau, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Krishnakumar, E.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Dept Nucl & Atom Phys, Homi Bhabha Rd, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India.
[Leto, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Catania, Via S Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
[Loboda, P. A.] Natl Res Nucl Univ, Moscow Engn Phys Inst MEPhI, Moscow, Russia.
[Maclot, S.] Univ Caen Normandie, Esplanade Paix, CS 14032, F-14032 Caen 5, France.
[Marinkovic, B. P.; Mihajlov, A. A.] Univ Belgrade, Inst Phys Belgrade, POB 57, Belgrade 11001, Serbia.
[Markwick, A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Mason, N. J.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
[Mendoza, C.] IVIC, Ctr Fis, POB 20632, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela.
[Millar, T. J.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Univ Rd, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Mulas, G.] Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, Ist Nazl AstroFis, Via Sci 5, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy.
[Pakhomov, Yu; Ryabchikova, T.] RAS, Inst Astron, Pyatnitskaya 48, Moscow 119017, Russia.
[Palmeri, P.; Quinet, P.] Univ Mons, Phys Atom & Astrophys, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
[Pancheshnyi, S.] ABB Corp Res, Segelhofstr 1K, CH-5405 Baden, Switzerland.
[Postler, J.; Scheier, P.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ion Phys & Appl Phys, Technikerstr 25-3, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Quinet, P.] Univ Liege, IPNAS, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
[Ralchenko, Yu] NIST, Atom Spect Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rhee, Y-J] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Nucl Data Ctr, Taejon 305353, South Korea.
[Rixon, G.; Walton, N. A.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
[Schlemmer, S.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Kln, Germany.
[Tyuterev, Vl G.] Univ Reims, GSMA, UMR CNRS 7331, Reims, France.
[Vujcic, V.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Org Sci, Jove Ilica 33, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
RP Dubernet, ML (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Univ Sorbonne, CNRS, LERMA,Observ Paris,PSL Res Univ, 5 Pl Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France.
EM marie-lise.dubernet@obspm.fr
RI Tennyson, Jonathan/I-2222-2012; Scheier, Paul/E-3088-2010; Tashkun,
Sergey/E-8682-2014; Marinkovic, Bratislav/D-3589-2012; Babikov,
Yurii/E-8686-2014; Antony, Bobby Kachappilly/H-5302-2015; Pakhomov,
Yury/B-5172-2014;
OI Millar, Tom/0000-0001-5178-3656; Tennyson, Jonathan/0000-0002-4994-5238;
Marinkovic, Bratislav/0000-0002-6904-6360; Antony, Bobby
Kachappilly/0000-0003-2073-9681; Leto, Giuseppe/0000-0002-0040-5011;
Wakelam, Valentine/0000-0001-9676-2605; Mulas,
Giacomo/0000-0003-0602-6669
FU VAMDC project; SUP@VAMDC project [INFRA-2008-1.2.2, 239108, 313284];
Paris Astronomical Data Center; UK Science and Technology Facilities
Council (STFC) [ST/M007731/1, ST/M007774/1, ST/M007766/1]; NASA; UK
STFC; SOLID (First European SOLar Irradiance Data Exploitation), a
collaborative SPACE Project under the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)
of the European Commission [313188]; Russian Foundation for Basic
Research, RFBR grant [14-07-00863]; NASA Planetary Atmospheres Grant
[NNX13AI59G]; ERC Advanced Investigator Project [267219]; United States
National Science Foundation [PHY-1403245, PHY-1520970]; Dept. of Science
and Technology (DST), Govt. of India; Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
[P26635]; Nano-IBCT COST Action MP1002 (Nano-scale Insights into Ion
Beam Cancer Therapy); LIA SAMIA; Tomsk State University D Mendeleev
funding program; Ministry of Education, Science and Technological
Development of Republic of Serbia [III44002, 176002, 171020]; XSEDE
supercomputer allocation [PHY-090031]
FX Support for VAMDC has been provided through the VAMDC and the SUP@VAMDC
projects funded under the 'Combination of Collaborative Projects and
Coordination and Support Actions' Funding Scheme of The Seventh
Framework Program. Call topic: INFRA-2008-1.2.2 and INFRA-2012
Scientific Data Infrastructure. Grant Agreement numbers: 239108 and
313284. In addition we acknowledge support from Paris Astronomical Data
Center. The UK nodes acknowledge support from the UK Science and
Technology Facilities Council (STFC) under grants ST/M007731/1,
ST/M007774/1 and ST/M007766/1. Portions of the research described in
this paper were performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration. The NIST ASD development is supported in part
by NASA. GDZ and HEM work on CHIANTI has been supported by the UK STFC
and SOLID (First European SOLar Irradiance Data Exploitation), a
collaborative SPACE Project under the Seventh Framework Programme
(FP7/2007-2013) of the European Commission under Grant Agreement N
313188. The Spectr-W3 project activities are currently
supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR
grant Nr. 14-07-00863. LSR and IEG wish to thank the support from NASA
Planetary Atmospheres Grant NNX13AI59G. ExoMol is supported by ERC
Advanced Investigator Project 267219. ZB and KB acknowledge support from
the United States National Science Foundation under grants PHY-1403245
and PHY-1520970, and by the XSEDE supercomputer allocation PHY-090031.
AD and SM thank P Rousseau and B A Huber for fruitful discussions,
Quentin Marie for the preparing of the RADAM-ION database website
structure and Universite de Caen Normandie for hosting the website. BA
is supported by the Dept. of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of
India. Part of this research was supported by the Austrian Science Fund
(FWF): P26635. Support from Nano-IBCT COST Action MP1002 (Nano-scale
Insights into Ion Beam Cancer Therapy) is also acknowledged. YLB and VGT
acknowledge support from LIA SAMIA and from Tomsk State University D
Mendeleev funding program. Belgrade node activities and the
corresponding research are supported by projects III44002, 176002 and
171020 of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological
Development of Republic of Serbia.
NR 162
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 11
U2 30
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-4075
EI 1361-6455
J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT
JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys.
PD APR 14
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 7
AR 074003
DI 10.1088/0953-4075/49/7/074003
PG 18
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DH6OS
UT WOS:000372911000003
ER
PT J
AU Hammouda, B
AF Hammouda, Boualem
TI Form Factors for Branched Polymers with Excluded Volume
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE dendrimers; excluded volume effect; looping branches; polymer ring;
small-angle scattering form factors; star-branched polymers
ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; STAR; MACROMOLECULES; DILUTE; CHAIN
AB The form factors for star-branched polymers with linear branches or with looping branches are calculated. The effect of chain swelling excluded volume is incorporated through an excluded volume parameter approach. The form factor for ring polymers is also included, since it is nicely derived as a special case. Furthermore, the form factor for dendrimers with excluded volume is also calculated. In order to evaluate the form factor for stars with looping branches, the multivariate Gaussian function is used to close the looping branches. Analytical results are possible in the Gaussian chain case (i.e., with no excluded volume), but the calculations are left in a form involving summations over monomers when the general case incorporates excluded volume.
C1 [Hammouda, Boualem] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hammouda, B (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM hammouda@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1508249]
FX Informative discussions with Vivek Prabhu and Wei-Ren Chen are
appreciated. This work is based upon activities supported in part by the
National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-1508249.
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 8
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD APR 13
PY 2016
VL 121
BP 139
EP 164
DI 10.6028/jres.121.006
PG 26
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DQ5BE
UT WOS:000379218600001
ER
PT J
AU Williams, TS
Orloff, ND
Baker, JS
Miller, SG
Natarajan, B
Obrzut, J
McCorkle, LS
Lebron-Colon, M
Gaier, J
Meador, MA
Liddle, JA
AF Williams, Tiffany S.
Orloff, Nathan D.
Baker, James S.
Miller, Sandi G.
Natarajan, Bharath
Obrzut, Jan
McCorkle, Linda S.
Lebron-Colon, Marisabel
Gaier, James
Meador, Michael A.
Liddle, J. Alexander
TI Trade-off between the Mechanical Strength and Microwave Electrical
Properties of Functionalized and Irradiated Carbon Nanotube Sheets
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE multiwalled carbon nanotubes; carbon nanotube sheets; chemical
functionalization; tensile strength; electrical conductivity; microwave
spectroscopy; electron beam irradiation
ID SHEET/BISMALEIMIDE NANOCOMPOSITES; HIGH-PERFORMANCE; CONDUCTIVITY;
BUNDLES; COMPOSITES; FIBERS; YARNS; BEAM
AB Carbon nanotube (CNT) sheets represent a novel implementation of CNTs that enable the tailoring of electrical and mechanical properties for applications in the automotive and aerospace industries. Small molecule functionalization and postprocessing techniques, such as irradiation with high-energy particles, are methods that can enhance the mechanical properties of CNTs. However, the effect that these modifications have on the electrical conduction mechanisms has not been extensively explored. By characterizing the mechanical and electrical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) sheets with different functional groups and irradiation doses, we can expand our insights into the extent of the trade-off that exists between mechanical strength and electrical conductivity for commercially available CNT sheets. Such insights allow for the optimization of design pathways for engineering applications that require a balance of material property enhancements.
C1 [Williams, Tiffany S.; Miller, Sandi G.; Lebron-Colon, Marisabel; Gaier, James; Meador, Michael A.] NASA, John H Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Orloff, Nathan D.; Obrzut, Jan] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Orloff, Nathan D.; Liddle, J. Alexander] NIST, Commun Technol Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Baker, James S.] NASA, Postdoctoral Program, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
[Natarajan, Bharath] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[McCorkle, Linda S.] Ohio Aerosp Inst, Cleveland, OH 44142 USA.
RP Williams, TS (reprint author), NASA, John H Glenn Res Ctr Lewis Field, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
EM tiffany.s.williams@nasa.gov
RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013;
OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; Obrzut, Jan/0000-0001-6667-9712
FU NASA Game Changing Development Program/Nanotechnology Project; NASA
Postdoctoral Program at the NASA Glenn Research Center - Oak Ridge
Associated Universities; Rice University [70NANB12H188]; National
Institute of Standards and Technology [70NANB12H188]
FX This effort was funded through the NASA Game Changing Development
Program/Nanotechnology Project. Support was also received from the
following sources: the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the NASA Glenn
Research Center sponsored by Oak Ridge Associated Universities, and a
Cooperative Research Agreement between Rice University and the National
Institute of Standards and Technology (grant 70NANB12H188). We thank Dr.
Jeffrey Eldrige for assistance with Raman Spectroscopy and Nathan
Wilmoth for his assistance with mechanical testing. Microwave
spectroscopy measurements were carried out at the NIST Materials
Measurement Laboratory in support of the National Nano technology
Initiative.
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD APR 13
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 14
BP 9327
EP 9334
DI 10.1021/acsami.5b12303
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DJ5UF
UT WOS:000374274900057
PM 27044063
ER
PT J
AU Hardison, DR
Holland, WC
McCall, JR
Bourdelais, AJ
Baden, DG
Darius, HT
Chinain, M
Tester, PA
Shea, D
Quintana, HAF
Morris, JA
Litaker, RW
AF Hardison, D. Ransom
Holland, William C.
McCall, Jennifer R.
Bourdelais, Andrea J.
Baden, Daniel G.
Darius, H. Taiana
Chinain, Mireille
Tester, Patricia A.
Shea, Damian
Quintana, Harold A. Flores
Morris, James A., Jr.
Litaker, R. Wayne
TI Fluorescent Receptor Binding Assay for Detecting Ciguatoxins in Fish
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID SENSITIVE SODIUM-CHANNELS; CELL-BASED ASSAY; SITE 5; CIGUATERA;
BREVETOXINS; TOXINS; TOXICITY; LIONFISH; PACIFIC; ISLANDS
AB Ciguatera fish poisoning is an illness suffered by > 50,000 people yearly after consumption of fish containing ciguatoxins (CTXs). One of the current methodologies to detect ciguatoxins in fish is a radiolabeled receptor binding assay (RBA((R))). However, the license requirements and regulations pertaining to radioisotope utilization can limit the applicability of the RBA((R)) in certain labs. A fluorescence based receptor binding assay (RBA((F))) was developed to provide an alternative method of screening fish samples for CTXs in facilities not certified to use radioisotopes. The new assay is based on competition binding between CTXs and fluorescently labeled brevetoxin-2 (BODIPY (R)-PbTx-2) for voltage-gated sodium channel receptors at site 5 instead of a radiolabeled brevetoxin. Responses were linear in fish tissues spiked from 0.1 to 1.0 ppb with Pacific ciguatoxin-3C (P-CTX-3C) with a detection limit of 0.075 ppb. Carribean ciguatoxins were confirmed in Caribbean fish by LC-MS/MS analysis of the regional biomarker (C-CTX-1). Fish (N = 61) of six different species were screened using the RBA((F)). Results for corresponding samples analyzed using the neuroblastoma cell-based assay (CBA-N2a) correlated well (R-2 = 0.71) with those of the RBA((F)), given the low levels of CTX present in positive fish. Data analyses also showed the resulting toxicity levels of P-CTX-3C equivalents determined by CBA-N2a were consistently lower than the RBA((F)) affinities expressed as% binding equivalents, indicating that a given amount of toxin bound to the site 5 receptors translates into corresponding lower cytotoxicity. Consequently, the RBA((F)), which takes approximately two hours to perform, provides a generous estimate relative to the widely used CBA-N2a which requires 2.5 days to complete. Other RBA((F)) advantages include the long-term(> 5 years) stability of the BODIPY (R)-PbTx-2 and having similar results as the commonly used RBA((R)). The RBA((F)) is cost-effective, allows high sample throughput, and is well-suited for routine CTX monitoring programs.
C1 [Hardison, D. Ransom; Holland, William C.; Tester, Patricia A.; Morris, James A., Jr.; Litaker, R. Wayne] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC USA.
[McCall, Jennifer R.; Bourdelais, Andrea J.; Baden, Daniel G.] Univ N Carolina, MARBIONC CREST Res Pk, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA.
[McCall, Jennifer R.] SeaTox Res Inc, UNCW CREST Res Pk, Wilmington, NC USA.
[Darius, H. Taiana; Chinain, Mireille] ILM, UMR EIO 241, Lab Tox Microalgae, Papeete, Tahiti, Fr Polynesia.
[Tester, Patricia A.] JHT Inc, Orlando, FL USA.
[Shea, Damian] N Carolina State Univ, Environm Chem & Toxicol Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Quintana, Harold A. Flores] US FDA, Div Seafood Sci & Technol, Gulf Coast Seafood Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL USA.
RP Hardison, DR (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC USA.
EM rance.hardison@noaa.gov
OI DARIUS, Helene Taiana/0000-0002-1184-7034
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Ecology and
Oceanography of Harmful Algae Blooms contribution [843]; National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; National Ocean Service; Centers
for Coastal Ocean Science; Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat
Research; Cooperative Institute for Ocean Exploration, Research, and
Technology CIOERT [NA14OAR4320260]; NOAA; DOC
FX Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algae Blooms
contribution #843 - http://coastalscience.noaa.gov/research/habs/ecohab
RWL PAT DRH WCH DS. Program funds were provided by the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Centers for
Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat
Research-DRH WCH RWL PAT JAM. The UNCW partnership is in part funded
through the Cooperative Institute for Ocean Exploration, Research, and
Technology CIOERT, award number NA14OAR4320260, NOAA, DOC. Authors
associated with this are DGB, AJB, and JRM. NOAA National Marine
Fisheries, Office of International Affairs-United States Department of
State-JAM. The commercial partner SeaTox Research Inc. was not
responsible the design or execution of the project, nor did they provide
salary support to any of the collaborators. Their role was limited to
providing reagents and running the radioactive receptor binding assay
using extracts prepared by DRH and WCH. JHT provided support in the form
of salary for PT, but did not have any additional role in the study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript. The funders had no role in study design,
data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 11
U2 21
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD APR 13
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 4
AR e0153348
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0153348
PG 19
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DJ3UC
UT WOS:000374131200077
PM 27073998
ER
PT J
AU Butch, NP
Paglione, J
Chow, P
Xiao, YM
Marianetti, CA
Booth, CH
Jeffries, JR
AF Butch, Nicholas P.
Paglione, Johnpierre
Chow, Paul
Xiao, Yuming
Marianetti, Chris A.
Booth, Corwin H.
Jeffries, Jason R.
TI Pressure-Resistant Intermediate Valence in the Kondo Insulator SmB6
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; SAMARIUM; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TRANSITION; HEXABORIDE;
STATES
AB Resonant x-ray emission spectroscopy was used to determine the pressure dependence of the f-electron occupancy in the Kondo insulator SmB6. Applied pressure reduces the f occupancy, but surprisingly, the material maintains a significant divalent character up to a pressure of at least 35 GPa. Thus, the closure of the resistive activation energy gap and onset of magnetic order are not driven by stabilization of an integer valent state. Over the entire pressure range, the material maintains a remarkably stable intermediate valence that can in principle support a nontrivial band structure.
C1 [Butch, Nicholas P.; Paglione, Johnpierre] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Ctr Nanophys & Adv Mat, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Butch, Nicholas P.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Butch, Nicholas P.; Jeffries, Jason R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Chow, Paul; Xiao, Yuming] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, HP CAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Marianetti, Chris A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Booth, Corwin H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Butch, NP (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Ctr Nanophys & Adv Mat, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Butch, NP (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Butch, NP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM nicholas.butch@nist.gov
FU CNAM; LLNL PLS directorate; Science Campaign; DOE-NNSA [DE-NA0001974];
DOE-BES [DE-FG02-99ER45775]; NSF; DOE Office of Science
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE, NNSA [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; AFOSR-MURI
[FA9550-09-1-0603]; NSF MRSEC program through Columbia in the Center for
Precision Assembly of Superstratic and Superatomic Solids [DMR-1420634];
Office of Science (OS), Office of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), Chemical
Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division of the U.S. Department
of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX N. P. B. acknowledges support by CNAM and the LLNL PLS directorate. J.
R. J. is partially supported by the Science Campaign. Portions of this
work were performed under LDRD (Tracking Code 14-ERD-041). This work was
performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne
National Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA under
Award No. DE-NA0001974 and DOE-BES under Award No. DE-FG02-99ER45775,
with partial instrumentation funding by NSF. The Advanced Photon Source
is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility
operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory
under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. LLNL is operated by Lawrence
Livermore National Security, LLC, for the DOE, NNSA under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344. Crystal growth at UMD was supported by AFOSR-MURI
(FA9550-09-1-0603). C. A. M. was supported by the NSF MRSEC program
through Columbia in the Center for Precision Assembly of Superstratic
and Superatomic Solids (DMR-1420634). Work at Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory was supported by the Director, Office of Science (OS), Office
of Basic Energy Sciences (OBES), Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences Division of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 51
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 15
U2 33
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 13
PY 2016
VL 116
IS 15
AR 156401
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.156401
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DJ0IA
UT WOS:000373884500005
PM 27127976
ER
PT J
AU Colegrove, KM
Venn-Watson, S
Litz, J
Kinsel, MJ
Terio, KA
Fougeres, E
Ewing, R
Pabst, DA
McLellan, WA
Raverty, S
Saliki, J
Fire, S
Rappucci, G
Bowen-Stevens, S
Noble, L
Costidis, A
Barbieri, M
Field, C
Smith, S
Carmichael, RH
Chevis, C
Hatchett, W
Shannon, D
Tumlin, M
Lovewell, G
Mcfee, W
Rowles, TK
AF Colegrove, Kathleen M.
Venn-Watson, Stephanie
Litz, Jenny
Kinsel, Michael J.
Terio, Karen A.
Fougeres, Erin
Ewing, Ruth
Pabst, D. Ann
McLellan, William A.
Raverty, Stephen
Saliki, Jeremiah
Fire, Spencer
Rappucci, Gina
Bowen-Stevens, Sabrina
Noble, Lauren
Costidis, Alex
Barbieri, Michelle
Field, Cara
Smith, Suzanne
Carmichael, Ruth H.
Chevis, Connie
Hatchett, Wendy
Shannon, Delphine
Tumlin, Mandy
Lovewell, Gretchen
Mcfee, Wayne
Rowles, Teresa K.
TI Fetal distress and in utero pneumonia in perinatal dolphins during the
Northern Gulf of Mexico unusual mortality event
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bottlenose dolphin; Brucella; Fetal distress; Fetal loss; Oil spill;
Pneumonia; Tursiops truncatus; Unusual mortality event
ID BOTTLE-NOSED-DOLPHIN; HORIZON OIL-SPILL; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS;
BRUCELLA-CETI; MISSISSIPPI SOUND; INFECTION; EXPOSURE; ASSOCIATION;
MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; OPTIMIZATION
AB An unusual mortality event (UME) involving primarily common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus of all size classes stranding along coastal Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama, USA, started in early 2010 and continued into 2014. During this northern Gulf of Mexico UME, a distinct cluster of perinatal dolphins (total body length < 115 cm) stranded in Mississippi and Alabama during 2011. The proportion of annual dolphin strandings that were perinates between 2009 and 2013 were compared to baseline strandings (2000-2005). A case-reference study was conducted to compare demographics, histologic lesions, and Brucella sp. infection prevalence in 69 UME perinatal dolphins to findings from 26 reference perinates stranded in South Carolina and Florida outside of the UME area. Compared to reference perinates, UME perinates were more likely to have died in utero or very soon after birth (presence of atelectasis in 88 vs. 15%, p < 0.0001), have fetal distress (87 vs. 27%, p < 0.0001), and have pneumonia not associated with lungworm infection (65 vs. 19%, p = 0.0001). The percentage of perinates with Brucella sp. infections identified via lung PCR was higher among UME perinates stranding in Mississippi and Alabama compared to reference perinates (61 vs. 24%, p = 0.01), and multiple different Brucella omp genetic sequences were identified in UME perinates. These results support that from 2011 to 2013, during the northern Gulf of Mexico UME, bottlenose dolphins were particularly susceptible to late-term pregnancy failures and development of in utero infections including brucellosis.
C1 [Colegrove, Kathleen M.] Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Zool Pathol Program, Maywood, IL 60153 USA.
[Venn-Watson, Stephanie; Kinsel, Michael J.; Terio, Karen A.] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA 92016 USA.
[Litz, Jenny; Ewing, Ruth] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Fougeres, Erin] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Reg Off, St Petersburg, FL USA.
[Pabst, D. Ann; McLellan, William A.; Costidis, Alex] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
[Raverty, Stephen] Anim Hlth Ctr, 1787 Angus Campbell Rd, Abbotsford, BC V3G 2M3, Canada.
[Saliki, Jeremiah] Univ Georgia, Athens Vet Diagnost Lab, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Fire, Spencer; Mcfee, Wayne] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Rappucci, Gina; Bowen-Stevens, Sabrina] NOAA, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Noble, Lauren] NOAA, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
[Barbieri, Michelle; Rowles, Teresa K.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Field, Cara; Smith, Suzanne] Audubon Aquarium Amer, New Orleans, LA 70130 USA.
[Carmichael, Ruth H.] Dauphin Isl Sea Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL USA.
[Carmichael, Ruth H.] Univ S Alabama, Dauphin Isl, AL USA.
[Chevis, Connie; Hatchett, Wendy; Shannon, Delphine] Inst Marine Mammal Studies, Gulfport, MS 39503 USA.
[Tumlin, Mandy] Louisiana Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Baton Rouge, LA 70898 USA.
[Lovewell, Gretchen] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
[Fire, Spencer] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
[Barbieri, Michelle; Field, Cara] Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA.
RP Colegrove, KM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Zool Pathol Program, Maywood, IL 60153 USA.
EM katie.colegrove@gmail.com
FU NMFS UME contingency fund; NOAA Marine Mammal Health and Stranding
Response Program; Deepwater Horizon oil spill Natural Resource Damage
Assessment
FX This work could not have been conducted without the efforts of the
Marine Mammal Stranding Network, including additional personnel from
those agencies working on the northern GoM UME: Louisiana Department of
Wildlife and Fisheries (especially staff from the Fisheries Research Lab
in Grand Isle), Audubon Aquarium of the Americas, Institute for Marine
Mammal Studies, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Emerald Coast Wildlife Refuge,
and Gulf World Marine Park, particularly M. Brodsky, J. Hartley, M.
Kelley, C. N. Seely, N. Wingers, M. Stolen, D. Boyd, B. MacLean, and S.
Maillian. The authors acknowledge the northern GoM UME Investigative
Team and the past and present members of the Working Group for Marine
Mammal Unusual Mortality Events. We thank E. Stratton and L. Aichinger
Dias for their integral roles in the perinate necropsy session. We thank
B. Mase-Guthrie and E. Stratton for coordination of the SER Marine
Mammal Stranding Network. We thank N. Ahmed and J. Landolfi for their
integral work in completing the PCR assays and B. Thomsen for completion
of immunohistochemistry. M. Broadwater is acknowledged for her
assistance in biotoxin analysis. The biotoxin analysis was conducted
through the National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (NCCOS) Harmful
Algal Bloom Analytical Response Team. C. Quance and S. Robbe-Austerman
from National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health
Inspection Service are acknowledged for their work on Brucella culture.
We thank the following individuals who helped review or otherwise
contribute to portions of this manuscript: L. Engleby, S. Horton, L.
Schwacke, C. Smith, Z. Wang, and F. Van Dolah. Funding for this
investigation was provided in part by the NMFS UME contingency fund,
NOAA Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program and as part of
the Deepwater Horizon oil spill Natural Resource Damage Assessment being
conducted cooperatively between NOAA, other federal and state trustees
and BP.
NR 54
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 12
U2 15
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD APR 12
PY 2016
VL 119
IS 1
BP 1
EP 16
DI 10.3354/dao02969
PG 16
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA DK0AX
UT WOS:000374575900001
PM 27068499
ER
PT J
AU Raymundo, LJ
Work, TM
Miller, RL
Lozada-Misa, PL
AF Raymundo, L. J.
Work, T. M.
Miller, R. L.
Lozada-Misa, P. L.
TI Effects of Coralliophila violacea on tissue loss in the scleractinian
corals Porites spp. depend on host response
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coralliophila; Coral disease; White syndrome; Porites; Guam
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; WHITE SYNDROME; BAND DISEASE; LESIONS; GROSS;
TRANSMISSION; CORALLIVORE; COMMUNITIES; ABBREVIATA; DRUPELLA
AB We investigated interactions between the corallivorous gastropod Coralliophila violacea and its preferred hosts Porites spp. Our objectives were to experimentally determine whether tissue loss could progress in Porites during or after Coralliophila predation on corals with and without tissue loss and to histologically document snail predation. In 64% of feeding scars, tissue regenerated within 3 wk, leaving no trace of predation. However, in roughly 28% of scars, lesions progressed to subacute tissue loss resembling white syndrome. In feeding experiments, scars from snails previously fed diseased tissue developed progressive tissue loss twice as frequently as scars from snails previously fed healthy tissue. Scars from previously healthy-fed snails were 3 times as likely to heal as those from previously diseased-fed snails. Histology revealed marked differences in host responses to snails; P. cylindrica manifested a robust inflammatory response with fewer secondary colonizing organisms such as algae, sponges, and helminths, whereas P. rus showed no evident inflammation and more secondary colonization. We conclude that lesion progression associated with Coralliophila may be associated with secondary colonization of coral tissues damaged by predator-induced trauma and necrosis. Importantly, variation at the cellular level should be considered when explaining interspecific differences in host responses in corals impacted by phenomena such as predation.
C1 [Raymundo, L. J.] Univ Guam, Marine Lab, Mangilao, GU 96923 USA.
[Work, T. M.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu Field Stn, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
[Miller, R. L.] Bur Stat & Plans, Guam Coral Reef Monitoring Program, Mangilao, GU 96923 USA.
[Lozada-Misa, P. L.] NOAA, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
RP Raymundo, LJ (reprint author), Univ Guam, Marine Lab, Mangilao, GU 96923 USA.
EM ljraymundo@gmail.com
FU NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program
FX This work was supported by a grant from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation
Program to L.J.R. and G. Aeby. A. Miller, T. Reynolds, and R. Diaz
assisted in laboratory experiments. Discussions with G. Aeby guided the
experimental set up. Mention of products or trade names does not imply
endorsement by the US Government. We thank the anonymous reviewers for
their comments, which greatly improved the paper.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 10
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD APR 12
PY 2016
VL 119
IS 1
BP 75
EP 83
DI 10.3354/dao02982
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA DK0AX
UT WOS:000374575900007
PM 27068505
ER
PT J
AU Stutzman, PE
Feng, P
Bullard, JW
AF Stutzman, Paul E.
Feng, Pan
Bullard, Jeffrey W.
TI Phase Analysis of Portland Cement by Combined Quantitative X-Ray Powder
Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE materials characterization; microstructure; portland cement; scanning
electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction
AB X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) has been used for several decades to identify and measure the mass fractions of various crystalline phases in portland cement. More recently, a combination of scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis (SEM/XMA) and image processing has been shown to enable the quantitative characterization of microstructural features in these materials. Each-technique can furnish some information that is not accessible from the other. For example, SEM/XMA can identify the microstructural location and morphology of calcium sulfate minerals, while only XRD can determine the relative abundance of the different forms of calcium sulfate, such as gypsum (CaSO4 center dot 2H(2)O), bassanite (CaSO4 center dot 1/2 H2O), and anhydrite (CaSO4). This document describes how XRD and SEM/XMA can be used together to establish and validate the portland cement phase composition and microstructure. Particular emphasis is laid on step-by-step procedures and best practices for XRD specimen preparation, data collection, and intepretation. Similar detail has been given recently for SEM/XMA [Stutzman et al., NIST Tech Note 1877, U.S. Department of Commerce, April 2015]. The methods are demonstrated for three portland cement powders, through which apparent discrepancies between the results of the two methods are identified and procedures are described for resolving the discrepancies and quantifying uncertainty.
C1 [Stutzman, Paul E.; Feng, Pan; Bullard, Jeffrey W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Feng, Pan] Southeast Univ, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
RP Stutzman, PE (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM paul.stutzman@nist.gov; pan.feng@nist.gov; jeffrey.bullard@nist.gov
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 6
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD APR 11
PY 2016
VL 121
DI 10.6028/jres.121.004
PG 61
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DQ5AZ
UT WOS:000379218100001
ER
PT J
AU Yao, ZZ
Zhang, ZJ
Liu, LZ
Li, ZY
Zhou, W
Zhao, YF
Han, Y
Chen, BL
Krishna, R
Xiang, SC
AF Yao, Zizhu
Zhang, Zhangjing
Liu, Lizhen
Li, Ziyin
Zhou, Wei
Zhao, Yunfeng
Han, Yu
Chen, Banglin
Krishna, Rajamani
Xiang, Shengchang
TI Extraordinary Separation of Acetylene-Containing Mixtures with
Microporous Metal-Organic Frameworks with Open O Donor Sites and Tunable
Robustness through Control of the Helical Chain Secondary Building Units
SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE column breakthrough; metal-organic frameworks; open O donors; selective
gas adsorption; structural diversity
ID SELECTIVE C2H2/C2H4 SEPARATION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; CO2/CH4 SEPARATION;
AMBIENT CONDITIONS; BINDING-ENERGY; GAS SEPARATION; NATURAL-GAS; CO2
CAPTURE; STORAGE; HYDROGENATION
AB Acetylene separation is a very important but challenging industrial separation task. Here, through the solvothermal reaction of CuI and 5-triazole isophthalic acid in different solvents, two metal-organic frameworks (MOFs, FJU-21 and FJU-22) with open O donor sites and controllable robustness have been obtained for acetylene separation. They contain the same paddle-wheel {Cu-2(COO2)(4)} nodes and metal-ligand connection modes, but with different helical chains as secondary building units (SBUs), leading to different structural robustness for the MOFs. FJU-21 and FJU-22 are the first examples in which the MOFs' robustness is controlled by adjusting the helical chain SBUs. Good robustness gives the activated FJU-22a, which has higher surface area and gas uptakes than the flexible FJU-21a. Importantly, FJU-22a shows extraordinary separation of acetylene mixtures under ambient conditions. The separation capacity of FJU-22a for 50:50 C2H2/CO2 mixtures is about twice that of the high-capacity HOF-3, and its actual separation selectivity for C2H2/C2H4 mixtures containing 1% acetylene is the highest among reported porous materials. Based on first-principles calculations, the extraordinary separation performance of C2H2 for FJU-22a was attributed to hydrogen-bonding interactions between the C2H2 molecules with the open O donors on the wall, which provide better recognition ability for C2H2 than other functional sites, including open metal sites and amino groups.
C1 [Yao, Zizhu; Zhang, Zhangjing; Liu, Lizhen; Li, Ziyin; Xiang, Shengchang] Fujian Normal Univ, Fujian Prov Key Lab Polymer Mat, 32 Shangsan Rd, Fuzhou 350007, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Wei] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhao, Yunfeng; Han, Yu] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Adv Membranes & Porous Mat Ctr, Phys Sci & Engn Div, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia.
[Chen, Banglin] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Chem, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
[Krishna, Rajamani] Univ Amsterdam, Vant Hoff Inst Mol Sci, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Zhao, Yunfeng] Tianjin Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Inst New Energy Mat & Low Carbon Technol, Tianjin 300384, Peoples R China.
RP Xiang, SC (reprint author), Fujian Normal Univ, Fujian Prov Key Lab Polymer Mat, 32 Shangsan Rd, Fuzhou 350007, Peoples R China.; Krishna, R (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Vant Hoff Inst Mol Sci, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.
EM scxiang@fjnu.edu.cn
RI Chen, Banglin/F-5461-2010; Xiang, Shengchang/F-9210-2010; Zhao,
Yunfeng/H-1380-2011; Zhou, Wei/C-6504-2008; Krishna,
Rajamani/A-1098-2012
OI Chen, Banglin/0000-0001-8707-8115; Xiang,
Shengchang/0000-0001-6016-2587; Zhao, Yunfeng/0000-0002-1442-992X; Zhou,
Wei/0000-0002-5461-3617; Krishna, Rajamani/0000-0002-4784-8530
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21207018, 21273033,
21203024, 21573042]; Fujian Science and Technology Department
[2014J06003, 2014H6007]; Recruitment Program of Global Young Experts,
Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-10-0108];
Award 'MinJiang Scholar Program' in Fujian Province
FX This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (21207018, 21273033, 21203024, and 21573042) and the
Fujian Science and Technology Department (2014J06003 and 2014H6007).
S.X. gratefully acknowledges the support of the Recruitment Program of
Global Young Experts, Program for New Century Excellent Talents in
University (NCET-10-0108), and the Award 'MinJiang Scholar Program' in
Fujian Province.
NR 80
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 21
U2 57
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0947-6539
EI 1521-3765
J9 CHEM-EUR J
JI Chem.-Eur. J.
PD APR 11
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 16
BP 5676
EP 5683
DI 10.1002/chem.201505107
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA DJ2EW
UT WOS:000374017500032
PM 26934040
ER
PT J
AU Schaan, E
Ferraro, S
Vargas-Magana, M
Smith, KM
Ho, S
Aiola, S
Battaglia, N
Bond, JR
De Bernardis, F
Calabrese, E
Cho, HM
Devlin, MJ
Dunkley, J
Gallardo, PA
Hasselfield, M
Henderson, S
Hill, JC
Hincks, AD
Hlozek, R
Hubmayr, J
Hughes, JP
Irwin, KD
Koopman, B
Kosowsky, A
Li, D
Louis, T
Lungu, M
Madhavacheri, M
Maurin, L
McMahon, JJ
Moodley, K
Naess, S
Nati, F
Newburgh, L
Niemack, MD
Page, LA
Pappas, CG
Partridge, B
Schmitt, BL
Sehga, N
Sherwin, BD
Sievers, JL
Spergel, DN
Staggs, ST
van Engelen, A
Wollack, EJ
AF Schaan, Emmanuel
Ferraro, Simone
Vargas-Magana, Mariana
Smith, Kendrick M.
Ho, Shirley
Aiola, Simone
Battaglia, Nicholas
Bond, J. Richard
De Bernardis, Francesco
Calabrese, Erminia
Cho, Hsiao-Mei
Devlin, Mark J.
Dunkley, Joanna
Gallardo, Patricio A.
Hasselfield, Matthew
Henderson, Shawn
Hill, J. Colin
Hincks, Adam D.
Hlozek, Renee
Hubmayr, Johannes
Hughes, John P.
Irwin, Kent D.
Koopman, Brian
Kosowsky, Arthur
Li, Dale
Louis, Thibaut
Lungu, Marius
Madhavacheri, Mathew
Maurin, Loic
McMahon, Jeffrey John
Moodley, Kavilan
Naess, Sigurd
Nati, Federico
Newburgh, Laura
Niemack, Michael D.
Page, Lyman A.
Pappas, Christine G.
Partridge, Bruce
Schmitt, Benjamin L.
Sehga, Neelima
Sherwin, Blake D.
Sievers, Jonathan L.
Spergel, David N.
Staggs, Suzanne T.
van Engelen, Alexander
Wollack, Edward J.
CA ACTPol Collaboration
TI Evidence for the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect with the Atacama
Cosmology Telescope and velocity reconstruction from the Baryon
Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID LOCALLY BRIGHTEST GALAXIES; WEAK LENSING SIGNAL; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY;
ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; POWER SPECTRUM; DATA RELEASE; BULK FLOW;
CONSTRAINTS; CLUSTERS; FEEDBACK
AB We use microwave temperature maps from two seasons of data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope at 146 GHz, together with the "Constant Mass" CMASS galaxy sample from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey to measure the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect over the redshift range z = 0.4-0.7. We use galaxy positions and the continuity equation to obtain a reconstruction of the line-of-sight velocity field. We stack the microwave temperature at the location of each halo, weighted by the corresponding reconstructed velocity. We vary the size of the aperture photometry filter used, thus probing the free electron profile of these halos from within the virial radius out to three virial radii, on the scales relevant for investigating the missing baryons problem. The resulting best fit kSZ model is preferred over the no-kSZ hypothesis at 3.3 and 2.9 sigma for two independent velocity reconstruction methods, using 25,537 galaxies over 660 square degrees. The data suggest that the baryon profile is shallower than the dark matter in the inner regions of the halos probed here, potentially due to energy injection from active galactic nucleus or supernovae. Thus, by constraining the gas profile on a wide range of scales, this technique will be useful for understanding the role of feedback in galaxy groups and clusters. The effect of foregrounds that are uncorrelated with the galaxy velocities is expected to be well below our signal, and residual thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich contamination is controlled by masking the most massive clusters. Finally, we discuss the systematics involved in converting our measurement of the kSZ amplitude into the mean free electron fraction of the halos in our sample.
C1 [Schaan, Emmanuel; Ferraro, Simone; Battaglia, Nicholas; Calabrese, Erminia; Hasselfield, Matthew; Hlozek, Renee; Spergel, David N.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Ferraro, Simone; Sherwin, Blake D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Miller Inst Basic Res Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Vargas-Magana, Mariana] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Apartado Postal 20-364, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Smith, Kendrick M.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada.
[Ho, Shirley] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Aiola, Simone; Kosowsky, Arthur] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Aiola, Simone; Kosowsky, Arthur] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Particle Phys Astrophys & Cosmol Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Bond, J. Richard; van Engelen, Alexander] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[De Bernardis, Francesco; Gallardo, Patricio A.; Henderson, Shawn; Koopman, Brian; Maurin, Loic; Niemack, Michael D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Calabrese, Erminia; Dunkley, Joanna; Louis, Thibaut; Naess, Sigurd] Univ Oxford, Subdept Astrophys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Cho, Hsiao-Mei; Irwin, Kent D.; Li, Dale] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sandhill Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Devlin, Mark J.; Lungu, Marius; Nati, Federico; Schmitt, Benjamin L.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, 209 South 33rd St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Hill, J. Colin] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, Pupin Hall, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Hincks, Adam D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, 6224 Agr Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
[Hubmayr, Johannes] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Hughes, John P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 136 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Irwin, Kent D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Madhavacheri, Mathew; Sehga, Neelima] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Maurin, Loic] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 7820436, Chile.
[McMahon, Jeffrey John] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA.
[Moodley, Kavilan] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa.
[Newburgh, Laura] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada.
[Page, Lyman A.; Pappas, Christine G.; Staggs, Suzanne T.] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs Phys, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Partridge, Bruce] Haverford Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA.
[Sherwin, Blake D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, LBL, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Sherwin, Blake D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, LBL, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Sievers, Jonathan L.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Chem & Phys, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa.
[Sievers, Jonathan L.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, NITheP, Private Bag X54001, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa.
[Wollack, Edward J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Schaan, E (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM eschaan@astro.princeton.edu
RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; Nati, Federico/I-4469-2016;
OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Nati, Federico/0000-0002-8307-5088;
Aiola, Simone/0000-0002-1035-1854
FU U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST-0408698, AST-0965625,
PHY-0855887, PHY-1214379]; Princeton University; University of
Pennsylvania; Cornell University; Canada Foundation for Innovation
(CFI); Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de
Chile (CONICYT); CFI under the auspices of Compute Canada; Government of
Ontario; Ontario Research Fund Research Excellence; University of
Toronto; Mishrahi Fund; Wilkinson Fund; NSF [AST1311756, AST1517593,
AST1412966, AST-1454881, AST-1517049]; NASA [NNXI2AG72G,
12-EUCLID11-0004, NNX13AE56G, NNX14AB58G, NNX12AM32H, ATP NNX14AB57G];
Government of Canada through Industry Canada; Province of Ontario
through the Ministry of Research and Innovation; NSERC Discovery grant;
DOE-ASC [DOE-DESC001114]; Lyman Spitzer fellowship; ERC [259505]; DOE
[DE-SC0011114]; NASA Space Technology research fellowships; CONICYT
[QUIMAL-120001, FONDECYT-1141113]; Office of Science of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation;
National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group;
Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University
of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group;
Harvard University; Institute de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan
State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University;
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for
Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New
Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University;
Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Spanish
Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt
University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale
University; [AST-1312991]
FX We thank Marcelo Alvarez, Neal Dalal, Tommaso Giannantonio, Oliver Hahn,
Andrey Kravtsov, Guilhem Lavaux, Hironao Miyatake, Hyunbae Park, Hiranya
Peiris, Ue-Li Pen, Bjoern Soergel, Naonori Sugiyama and Simon White for
very useful discussions. This work was supported by the U.S. National
Science Foundation (NSF) through Grants No. AST-0408698 and No.
AST-0965625 for the ACT project, as well as Grants No. PHY-0855887 and
No. PHY-1214379. Funding was also provided by Princeton University, the
University of Pennsylvania, Cornell University and a Canada Foundation
for Innovation (CFI) award to the University of British Columbia.
ACToperates in the Parque Astronomico Atacama in northern Chile under
the auspices of the Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y
Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT). Computations were performed on the GPC
supercomputer at the SciNet HPC Consortium. SciNet is funded by the CFI
under the auspices of Compute Canada, the Government of Ontario, the
Ontario Research Fund Research Excellence; and the University of
Toronto. Colleagues at RadioSky provide logistical support and keep
operations in Chile running smoothly. We also thank the Mishrahi Fund
and the Wilkinson Fund for their generous support of the project. E. S.,
S. F. and D. N. S. are supported by NSF Grant No. AST1311756 and NASA
Grant No. NNXI2AG72G. Research at Perimeter Institute is supported by
the Government of Canada through Industry Canada and by the Province of
Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation. K. M. S. was
supported by an NSERC Discovery grant. S. H. is supported in part by
DOE-ASC Award No. DOE-DESC001114, NASA Grant No. 12-EUCLID11-0004, and
NSF Grants No. AST1517593 and No. AST1412966. N. B. acknowledges support
from the Lyman Spitzer fellowship. M. N. and F. D. B. acknowledge
support from NSF Grants No. AST-1454881 and No. AST-1517049. The
development of multichroic detectors and lenses was supported by NASA
Grants No. NNX13AE56G and No. NNX14AB58G. C. M. acknowledges support
from NASA Grant No. NNX12AM32H. Funding from ERC Grant No. 259505
supports S. N., J. D., E. C., and T. L. H. T. is supported by NASA Grant
No. ATP NNX14AB57G, DOE Award No. DE-SC0011114, and NSF Grant No.
AST-1312991. B. S. and B. K. are funded by NASA Space Technology
research fellowships. R. D. received funding from the CONICYT Grants No.
QUIMAL-120001 and No. FONDECYT-1141113. This research used resources of
the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office
of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Award No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Funding for
SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the
Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the
U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is
http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical
Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III
Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian
Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon
University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the
German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Institute de
Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA
Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck
Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New
York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University,
University of Portsmouth; Princeton University, the Spanish
Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt
University, University of Virginia; University of Washington, and Yale
University.
NR 51
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD APR 11
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 8
AR 082002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.93.082002
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA DI8SF
UT WOS:000373770800001
ER
PT J
AU Cheung, WWL
Jones, MC
Reygondeau, G
Stock, CA
Lam, VWY
Frolicher, TL
AF Cheung, William W. L.
Jones, Miranda C.
Reygondeau, Gabriel
Stock, Charles A.
Lam, Vicky W. Y.
Froelicher, Thomas L.
TI Structural uncertainty in projecting global fisheries catches under
climate change
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Dynamic Bioclimate Envelope Model; Climate change; Uncertainty; Habitat
suitability; MAXENT; AquaMaps
ID TROPHIC AMPLIFICATION; DISTRIBUTION MODELS; LARVAL DISPERSAL; MARINE;
DISTRIBUTIONS; OCEAN; FISH; IMPACTS; GROWTH; SCALE
AB The global ocean is projected to be warmer, less oxygenated and more acidic in the 21st century relative to the present day, resulting in changes in the biogeography and productivity of marine organisms and ecosystems. Previous studies using a Dynamic Bioclimate Envelope Model (DBEM) projected increases in potential catch in high latitude regions and decreases in tropical regions over the next few decades. A major structural uncertainty of the projected redistribution of species and fisheries catches can be attributed to the habitat suitability algorithms used. Here, we compare the DBEM projections of potential catches of 500 species of exploited marine fishes and invertebrates from 1971 to 2060 using three versions of DBEM that differ by the algorithm used to predict relative habitat suitability: DBEM-Basic, DBEM-Maxent and DBEM-Aquamaps. All the DBEM models have similar skill in predicting the occurrence of exploited species and distribution of observed fisheries production. Globally, the models project a decrease in catch potential of 3% to 13% by 2050 under a high emissions scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5). For the majority, of the modelled species, projections by DBEM-Maxent are less sensitive to changes in ocean properties than those by DBEM-Aquamaps. The mean magnitude of projected changes relative to differences between projections differ between regions, being highest (>1 times the standard deviation) in the tropical regions and Arctic Ocean and lowest in three of the main Eastern Boundary Upwelling regions, the eastern Indian Ocean and the Southern Ocean. These results suggest that the qualitative patterns of changes in catch potential reported in previous studies are not affected by the structural uncertainty of DBEM, particularly in areas where catch potential was projected to be most sensitive to climate change. However, when making projections of fish stocks and their potential catches using DBEM in the future, multiple versions of DBEM should be used to quantify the uncertainty associated with structural uncertainty of the models. Overall, this study contributes to improving projection of future changes in living marine resources by exploring one aspect of the cascade of uncertainty associated with such projections. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Cheung, William W. L.; Jones, Miranda C.; Reygondeau, Gabriel; Lam, Vicky W. Y.] Univ British Columbia, Inst Oceans & Fisheries, Nippon Fdn Nereus Program, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Jones, Miranda C.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England.
[Stock, Charles A.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Lam, Vicky W. Y.] Univ British Columbia, Inst Oceans & Fisheries, Sea Us, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Froelicher, Thomas L.] ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Environm Phys, Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Cheung, WWL (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Inst Oceans & Fisheries, Nippon Fdn Nereus Program, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM w.cheung@oceans.ubc.ca
RI Frolicher, Thomas/E-5137-2015;
OI Frolicher, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7854; Stock,
Charles/0000-0001-9549-8013
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [22R68146];
SNSF (Ambizione grant) [PZ00P2_142573]
FX This study is a contribution from the Nippon Foundation-The University
of British Columbia Nereus Program. WWLC also acknowledges funding
support from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
(22R68146). T. L. Frolicher acknowledges financial support from the SNSF
(Ambizione grant PZ00P2_142573).
NR 56
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 18
U2 62
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD APR 10
PY 2016
VL 325
BP 57
EP 66
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.12.018
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DG3BL
UT WOS:000371944400006
ER
PT J
AU Ong, TH
Romanova, EV
Roberts-Galbraith, RH
Yang, N
Zimmerman, TA
Collins, JJ
Lee, JE
Kelleher, NL
Newmark, PA
Sweedler, JV
AF Ong, Ta-Hsuan
Romanova, Elena V.
Roberts-Galbraith, Rachel H.
Yang, Ning
Zimmerman, Tyler A.
Collins, James J., III
Lee, Ji Eun
Kelleher, Neil L.
Newmark, Phillip A.
Sweedler, Jonathan V.
TI Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Identification of Peptides Associated with
Cephalic Ganglia Regeneration in Schmidtea mediterranea
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE imaging; mass spectrometry (MS); neurogenesis; neuropeptide;
regeneration
ID PLURIPOTENT STEM-CELLS; HEAD-REGENERATION; PLANARIAN BRAIN; ANIMAL
REGENERATION; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; NEUROPEPTIDES; PEPTIDOMICS;
EXPRESSION; DISCOVERY; SYSTEM
AB Tissue regeneration is a complex process that involves a mosaic of molecules that vary spatially and temporally. Insights into the chemical signaling underlying this process can be achieved with a multiplex and untargeted chemical imaging method such as mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), which can enable de novo studies of nervous system regeneration. A combination of MSI and multivariate statistics was used to differentiate peptide dynamics in the freshwater planarian flatworm Schmidtea mediterranea at different time points during cephalic ganglia regeneration. A protocol was developed to make S. mediterranea tissues amenable for MSI. MS ion images of planarian tissue sections allow changes in peptides and unknown compounds to be followed as a function of cephalic ganglia regeneration. In conjunction with fluorescence imaging, our results suggest that even though the cephalic ganglia structure is visible after 6 days of regeneration, the original chemical composition of these regenerated structures is regained only after 12 days. Differences were observed in many peptides, such as those derived from secreted peptide 4 and EYE53-1. Peptidomic analysis further identified multiple peptides from various known prohormones, histone proteins, and DNA- and RNA-binding proteins as being associated with the regeneration process. Mass spectrometry data also facilitated the identification of a new prohormone, which we have named secreted peptide prohormone 20 (SPP-20), and is up-regulated during regeneration in planarians.
C1 [Ong, Ta-Hsuan; Romanova, Elena V.; Yang, Ning; Zimmerman, Tyler A.; Lee, Ji Eun; Sweedler, Jonathan V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Ong, Ta-Hsuan; Romanova, Elena V.; Yang, Ning; Zimmerman, Tyler A.; Lee, Ji Eun; Sweedler, Jonathan V.] Univ Illinois, Beckman Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Roberts-Galbraith, Rachel H.; Collins, James J., III; Newmark, Phillip A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Kelleher, Neil L.] Northwestern Univ, Prote Ctr Excellence, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60611 USA.
[Kelleher, Neil L.] Northwestern Univ, Prote Ctr Excellence, Dept Mol Biosci, Evanston, IL 60611 USA.
[Zimmerman, Tyler A.] NIST, Mass Spectrometry Data Ctr Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Collins, James J., III] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Pharmacol, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
[Lee, Ji Eun] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Biomed Res Inst, Ctr Theragnosis, Seoul 136791, South Korea.
RP Sweedler, JV (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM jsweedle@illinois.edu
RI Sweedler, Jonathan/A-9405-2009;
OI Sweedler, Jonathan/0000-0003-3107-9922; Zimmerman,
Tyler/0000-0002-5408-9771; Newmark, Phillip/0000-0003-0793-022X
FU National Institutes of Health NINDS [RO1 NS031609]; NICHD [R01
HD043403]; National Institute on Drug Abuse [P30 DA018310]
FX The work was supported by the National Institutes of Health NINDS Grant
RO1 NS031609, NICHD Grant R01 HD043403, and National Institute on Drug
Abuse Grant P30 DA018310. The content is solely the responsibility of
the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the
funding agencies. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
NR 71
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 8
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 0021-9258
EI 1083-351X
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD APR 8
PY 2016
VL 291
IS 15
BP 8109
EP 8120
DI 10.1074/jbc.M115.709196
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA DJ2SZ
UT WOS:000374056700028
PM 26884331
ER
PT J
AU Perron, JK
Stewart, MD
Zimmerman, NM
AF Perron, Justin K.
Stewart, M. D., Jr.
Zimmerman, Neil M.
TI A new regime of Pauli-spin blockade
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DOUBLE-QUANTUM DOT; SINGLE-ELECTRON SPIN
AB Pauli-spin blockade (PSB) is a transport phenomenon in double quantum dots that allows for a type of spin to charge conversion often used to probe fundamental physics such as spin relaxation and singlet-triplet coupling. In this paper, we theoretically explore Pauli-spin blockade as a function of magnetic field B applied parallel to the substrate. In the well-studied low magnetic field regime, where PSB occurs in the forward (1, 1) -> (0, 2) tunneling direction, we highlight some aspects of PSB that are not discussed in detail in existing literature, including the change in size of both bias triangles measured in the forward and reverse biasing directions as a function of B. At higher fields, we predict a crossover to "reverse PSB" in which current is blockaded in the reverse direction due to the occupation of a spin singlet as opposed to the traditional triplet blockade that occurs at low fields. The onset of reverse PSB coincides with the development of a tail like feature in the measured bias triangles and occurs when the Zeeman energy of the polarized triplet equals the exchange energy in the (0, 2) charge configuration. In Si quantum dots, these fields are experimentally accessible; thus, this work suggests a way to observe a crossover in magnetic field to qualitatively different behavior. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Perron, Justin K.] Calif State Univ San Marcos, Dept Phys, San Marcos, CA 92096 USA.
[Perron, Justin K.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Perron, Justin K.; Stewart, M. D., Jr.; Zimmerman, Neil M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Perron, JK (reprint author), Calif State Univ San Marcos, Dept Phys, San Marcos, CA 92096 USA.; Perron, JK (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Perron, JK; Zimmerman, NM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jperron@csusm.edu; Neil.Zimmerman@nist.gov
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD APR 7
PY 2016
VL 119
IS 13
AR 134307
DI 10.1063/1.4945393
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DJ4BK
UT WOS:000374150200020
ER
PT J
AU Tarling, GA
Hill, S
Peat, H
Fielding, S
Reiss, C
Atkinson, A
AF Tarling, G. A.
Hill, S.
Peat, H.
Fielding, S.
Reiss, C.
Atkinson, A.
TI Growth and shrinkage in Antarctic krill Euphausia superba is
sex-dependent
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Southern Ocean; Population dynamics; Production; Life cycle; Fishery
ID SOUTH GEORGIA; MEGANYCTIPHANES-NORVEGICA; MODELING GROWTH; BODY
SHRINKAGE; FREQUENCY DATA; LIPID-CONTENT; LARVAL KRILL; DANA; AGE;
LENGTH
AB The ability of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba Dana to withstand the overwintering period is critical to their success. Laboratory evidence suggests that krill may shrink in body length during this time in response to the low availability of food. Nevertheless, verification that krill can shrink in the natural environment is lacking because winter data are difficult to obtain. One of the few sources of winter krill population data is from commercial vessels. We examined length-frequency data of adult krill (> 35 mm total body length) obtained from commercial vessels in the Scotia-Weddell region and compared our results with those obtained from a combination of science and commercial sampling operations carried out in this region at other times of the year. Our analyses revealed body-length shrinkage in adult females but not males during winter, based on both the tracking of modal size classes over seasons and sex-ratio patterns. Other explanatory factors, such as differential mortality, immigration and emigration, could not explain the observed differences. The same pattern was also observed at South Georgia and in the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Fitted seasonally modulated von Bertalanffy growth functions predicted a pattern of overwintering shrinkage in all body-length classes of females, but only stagnation in growth in males. This shrinkage most likely reflects morphometric changes resulting from the contraction of the ovaries and is not necessarily an outcome of winter hardship. The sex-dependent changes that we observed need to be incorporated into life cycle and population dynamic models of this species, particularly those used in managing the fishery.
C1 [Tarling, G. A.; Hill, S.; Peat, H.; Fielding, S.] British Antarctic Survey, Nat Environm Res Council, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Reiss, C.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8604 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Atkinson, A.] Plymouth Marine Lab, Prospect Pl, Plymouth PL1 3DH, Devon, England.
RP Tarling, GA (reprint author), British Antarctic Survey, Nat Environm Res Council, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
EM gant@bas.ac.uk
RI Simeon, Hill/B-2307-2008
NR 73
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 14
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD APR 7
PY 2016
VL 547
BP 61
EP 78
DI 10.3354/meps11634
PG 18
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA DJ5IT
UT WOS:000374241200005
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, AR
Hyde, JR
Watson, W
Chen, DC
Guo, LW
AF Thompson, Andrew R.
Hyde, John R.
Watson, William
Chen, Dustin C.
Guo, Lian W.
TI Rockfish assemblage structure and spawning locations in southern
California identified through larval sampling
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Sebastes; Southern California; Ecosystem based management; Conservation;
Biogeography
ID SARDINE SARDINOPS-SAGAX; COWCOD SEBASTES-LEVIS; COD GADUS-MORHUA; FISH
ASSEMBLAGES; ENGRAULIS-MORDAX; MARINE RESERVES; BIGHT; ECOSYSTEM;
HABITAT; PATTERNS
AB Differences in oceanographic conditions over short distances can dramatically affect the distribution of marine organisms over small spatial scales. In southern California, oceanographic conditions vary widely from east to west as the offshore region is impacted by cool, southern flowing California Current water, while the inshore is typically warmer and more productive. We investigated how patterns of distribution and abundance of larval, genetically identified rockfishes related to environmental conditions off southern California, the world's center of rockfish Sebastes spp. species diversity. The rockfish assemblage was dominated by small and short-lived species not typically targeted by recreational or commercial fishing (i.e. shortbelly S. jordani and squarespot S. hopkinsi rockfishes), but also contained moderate abundances of a few larger, targeted species (bank S. rufus and bocaccio S. paucispinis rockfishes). Spawning locations of many species were affected by environmental variability, as abundances of young (0 to 2 d old), targeted larvae were mainly found offshore in the cool, low primary production waters that also were relatively shallow and contained hard substrate. In contrast, untargeted species were more widespread and correlated positively only with hard substrate. Hotspots of species richness and targeted species were high within a large managed region, the Cowcod Conservation Area, indicating that it is effectively protecting important rockfish spawning habitat. This research highlights the need to account for environmental variation in habitat and assemblage structure when conducting marine spatial planning.
C1 [Thompson, Andrew R.; Hyde, John R.; Watson, William; Guo, Lian W.] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Chen, Dustin C.] Univ San Diego, Dept Environm & Ocean Sci, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
[Guo, Lian W.] Univ Massachusetts, Organism & Evolutionary Biol, 611 N Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Thompson, AR (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM andrew.thompson@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) grant
FX We express our deep gratitude to the crews of the RVs 'David Star
Jordan' and 'New Horizon' for collecting the samples, including, but not
limited to, David Ambrose, Noelle Bowlin, Sherri Charter, Dave Griffith,
Amy Hays and Sue Manion. We also appreciate the efforts of Amanda
Barker, Alice Brown, Brittany Idrizaj, Hannah Scholes, and Aryana
Sepassi who helped sort rockfish larvae from the plankton samples. The
manuscript was greatly improved by insightful comments from John Field,
Kevin Stierhoff and 3 anonymous reviewers. The habitat data used in this
study were acquired, processed, archived, and distributed by the
Seafloor Mapping Lab of California State University Monterey Bay with
help from Carrie Bretz. This work was partially funded by a NOAA
Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) grant.
NR 77
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 10
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD APR 7
PY 2016
VL 547
BP 177
EP 192
DI 10.3354/meps11633
PG 16
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA DJ5IT
UT WOS:000374241200013
ER
PT J
AU Syzranov, SV
Ostrovsky, PM
Gurarie, V
Radzihovsky, L
AF Syzranov, S. V.
Ostrovsky, P. M.
Gurarie, V.
Radzihovsky, L.
TI Critical exponents at the unconventional disorder-driven transition in a
Weyl semimetal
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID GROSS-NEVEU MODEL; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; BETA-FUNCTION; DEGENERATE
SEMICONDUCTORS; FERMION SEMIMETAL; ARCS
AB Disordered noninteracting systems in sufficiently high dimensions have been predicted to display a non-Anderson disorder-driven transition that manifests itself in the critical behavior of the density of states and other physical observables. Recently, the critical properties of this transition have been extensively studied for the specific case of Weyl semimetals by means of numerical and renormalisation-group approaches. Despite this, the values of the critical exponents at such a transition in a Weyl semimetal are currently under debate. We present an independent calculation of the critical exponents using a two-loop renormalization-group approach for Weyl fermions in 2 - epsilon dimensions and resolve controversies currently existing in the literature.
C1 [Syzranov, S. V.; Gurarie, V.; Radzihovsky, L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Syzranov, S. V.; Gurarie, V.; Radzihovsky, L.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Theory Quantum Matter, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ostrovsky, P. M.] Max Planck Inst Solid State Res, Heisenbergstr 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
[Ostrovsky, P. M.] RAS, LD Landau Theoret Phys Inst, Moscow 119334, Russia.
[Radzihovsky, L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Syzranov, SV (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Syzranov, SV (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Theory Quantum Matter, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; NSF [DMR-1001240, DMR-1205303,
PHY-1211914, PHY-1125844]; Simons Foundation
FX We appreciate useful discussions with A. W. W. Ludwig. Our work was
supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Feodor
Lynen Research Fellowship (S.V.S.) and by the NSF grants DMR-1001240
(L.R. and S.V.S.), DMR-1205303(V.G. and S.V.S.), PHY-1211914 (V.G. and
S.V.S.), and PHY-1125844 (S.V.S.). L.R. also acknowledges support by the
Simons Investigator award from the Simons Foundation.
NR 39
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 6
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 7
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 15
AR 155113
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.155113
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DI5WD
UT WOS:000373570300002
ER
PT J
AU Chaloupka, JL
Hickstein, DD
AF Chaloupka, Jan L.
Hickstein, Daniel D.
TI Dynamics of Strong-Field Double Ionization in Two-Color Counterrotating
Fields
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-HARMONIC-GENERATION; MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; HELIUM; POLARIZATION;
DIFFRACTION
AB The double ionization of helium in bichromatic, circularly polarized intense laser fields is analyzed with a classical ensemble approach. It is found that counterrotating fields produce significant nonsequential double-ion yield and drive novel ionization dynamics. It is shown that distinct pathways to ionization can be modified by altering the relative intensities of the two colors, allowing for unique control of strong-field processes. Electrons are observed to return to the ion at different angles from the angle of ionization, opening new possibilities for probing electronic and molecular structure on the ultrafast time scale.
C1 [Chaloupka, Jan L.] Univ No Colorado, Dept Phys & Astron, Greeley, CO 80639 USA.
[Hickstein, Daniel D.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hickstein, Daniel D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Chaloupka, JL (reprint author), Univ No Colorado, Dept Phys & Astron, Greeley, CO 80639 USA.
FU US Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences Atomic Molecular
and Optical Sciences program
FX The work presented here represents an important departure from typical
strong-field double-ionization phenomena. The electron trajectories
driven by two-color counterrotating fields are complex and their shape
varies significantly depending on the makeup of the driving field. The
resulting electron momenta are spread throughout the transverse plane,
enabling sophisticated analysis of both the tunnel ionization and
rescattering processes. The angle of electron impact is shown to be very
different from the angle of release, and the excursion time exhibits a
remarkable diversity, from subcycle to single-cycle to multicycle time
scales. Understanding the details of this behavior represents a
significant opportunity for future theoretical and experimental study,
and provides a promising avenue for the tunable control of strong-field
processes. We are grateful for helpful discussions with Margaret
Murnane, Henry Kapteyn, Chris Mancuso, Jennifer Ellis, Franklin Dollar,
and Kevin Dorney. D. H. acknowledges support from the US Department of
Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences Atomic Molecular and Optical
Sciences program.
NR 30
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 5
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 7
PY 2016
VL 116
IS 14
AR 143005
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.143005
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DI6CT
UT WOS:000373587500008
PM 27104705
ER
PT J
AU Hung, L
Guedj, C
Bernier, N
Blaise, P
Olevano, V
Sottile, F
AF Hung, L.
Guedj, C.
Bernier, N.
Blaise, P.
Olevano, V.
Sottile, F.
TI Interpretation of monoclinic hafnia valence electron energy-loss spectra
by time-dependent density functional theory
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROSCOPY; SILICON; SYSTEMS; HFO2; SI
AB We present the valence electron energy-loss spectrum and the dielectric function of monoclinic hafnia (m-HfO2) obtained from time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) predictions and compared to energy-filtered spectroscopic imaging measurements in a high-resolution transmission-electron microscope. Fermi's golden rule density-functional theory (DFT) calculations can capture the qualitative features of the energy-loss spectrum, but we find that TDDFT, which accounts for local-field effects, provides nearly quantitative agreement with experiment. Using the DFT density of states and TDDFT dielectric functions, we characterize the excitations that result in the m-HfO2 energy-loss spectrum. The sole plasmon occurs between 13 and 16 eV, although the peaks similar to 28 and above 40 eV are also due to collective excitations. We furthermore elaborate on the first-principles techniques used, their accuracy, and remaining discrepancies among spectra. More specifically, we assess the influence of Hf semicore electrons (5p and 4f) on the energy-loss spectrum, and find that the inclusion of transitions from the 4f band damps the energy-loss intensity in the region above 13 eV. We study the impact of many-body effects in a DFT framework using the adiabatic local-density approximation (ALDA) exchange-correlation kernel, as well as from a many-body perspective using "scissors operators" matched to an ab initio GW calculation to account for self-energy corrections. These results demonstrate some cancellation of errors between self-energy and excitonic effects, even for excitations from the Hf 4f shell. We also simulate the dispersion with increasing momentum transfer for plasmon and collective excitation peaks.
C1 [Hung, L.; Sottile, F.] Univ Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Lab Solides Irradies,Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Hung, L.; Blaise, P.; Olevano, V.; Sottile, F.] ETSF, Liege, Belgium.
[Guedj, C.; Bernier, N.; Blaise, P.; Olevano, V.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
[Guedj, C.; Bernier, N.; Blaise, P.] CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
[Olevano, V.] CNRS, Inst Neel, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Hung, L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hung, L (reprint author), Univ Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Lab Solides Irradies,Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.; Hung, L (reprint author), ETSF, Liege, Belgium.; Hung, L (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU nanocharacterization platform (PFNC)
FX We acknowledge support from the nanocharacterization platform (PFNC)
(http://www.minatec.org/pfnc-plateforme-nanocaracterisation) for
experiment. This work was granted access to the HPC resources of IDRIS
under the allocations 2015096-655 and -544 made by GENCI (Grand
Equipement National de Calcul Intensif).
NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD APR 6
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 16
AR 165105
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.165105
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DI5WS
UT WOS:000373571800003
ER
PT J
AU Harder, G
Bartley, TJ
Lita, AE
Nam, SW
Gerrits, T
Silberhorn, C
AF Harder, Georg
Bartley, Tim J.
Lita, Adriana E.
Nam, Sae Woo
Gerrits, Thomas
Silberhorn, Christine
TI Single-Mode Parametric-Down-Conversion States with 50 Photons as a
Source for Mesoscopic Quantum Optics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUMBER-RESOLVING DETECTORS; KTP WAVE-GUIDES; TWIN BEAMS; EFFICIENCY;
LIGHT; ENTANGLEMENT; GENERATION; MECHANICS; CRYSTALS; PULSES
AB We generate pulsed, two-mode squeezed states in a single spatiotemporal mode with mean photon numbers up to 20. We directly measure photon-number correlations between the two modes with transition edge sensors up to 80 photons per mode. This corresponds roughly to a state dimensionality of 6400. We achieve detection efficiencies of 64% in the technologically crucial telecom regime and demonstrate the high quality of our measurements by heralded nonclassical distributions up to 50 photons per pulse and calculated correlation functions up to 40th order.
C1 [Harder, Georg; Bartley, Tim J.; Silberhorn, Christine] Univ Paderborn, Integrated Quantum Opt Grp, Appl Phys, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany.
[Bartley, Tim J.; Lita, Adriana E.; Nam, Sae Woo; Gerrits, Thomas] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Harder, G (reprint author), Univ Paderborn, Integrated Quantum Opt Grp, Appl Phys, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany.
EM georg.harder@uni-paderborn.de
FU Quantum Information Science Initiative (QISI); Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [TRR142]; Deutscher Akademischer Austausch
Dienst (DAAD); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via the Gottfried
Wilhelm Leibniz-Preis
FX This work was supported by the Quantum Information Science Initiative
(QISI) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via TRR142 and via
the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz-Preis. T. J. B. acknowledges funding from
the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD), and L. K. Shalm for
discussions. This work is a contribution of NIST, an agency of the U.S.
Government, and not subject to U.S. copyright.
NR 59
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD APR 6
PY 2016
VL 116
IS 14
AR 143601
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.143601
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DI6CS
UT WOS:000373587400005
ER
PT J
AU Du, ZM
Domanski, PA
Payne, WV
AF Du, Zhimin
Domanski, Piotr A.
Payne, W. Vance
TI Effect of common faults on the performance of different types of vapor
compression systems
SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Diagnostic efficiency; Fault detection; Fault diagnosis; Normalized
fault effect; Vapor compression system
ID AIR-HANDLING UNITS; VAV TERMINALS; DIAGNOSIS; SENSITIVITY; EQUIPMENT;
CHILLERS; CHARGE; IMPACT; FLOW
AB The effect of faults on the cooling capacity, coefficient of performance, and sensible heat ratio, was analyzed and compared for five split and rooftop systems, which use different types of expansion devices, compressors and refrigerants. The study applied multivariable polynomial and normalized performance models, which were developed for the studied systems for both fault-free and faulty conditions based on measurements obtained in a laboratory under controlled conditions. The analysis indicated differences in responses and trends between the studied systems, which underscores the challenge to devise a universal FDD algorithm for all vapor compression systems and the difficulty to develop a methodology for rating the performance of different FDD algorithms. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Du, Zhimin] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China.
[Du, Zhimin; Domanski, Piotr A.; Payne, W. Vance] NIST, HVAC&R Equipment Performance Grp, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8631, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Domanski, PA (reprint author), NIST, HVAC&R Equipment Performance Grp, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8631, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM piotr.domanski@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-4311
J9 APPL THERM ENG
JI Appl. Therm. Eng.
PD APR 5
PY 2016
VL 98
BP 61
EP 72
DI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.11.108
PG 12
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics
GA DJ0AE
UT WOS:000373863000006
PM 26929732
ER
PT J
AU Xiang, FM
Parviz, D
Givens, TM
Tzeng, P
Davis, EM
Stafford, CM
Green, MJ
Grunlan, JC
AF Xiang, Fangming
Parviz, Dorsa
Givens, Tara M.
Tzeng, Ping
Davis, Eric M.
Stafford, Christopher M.
Green, Micah J.
Grunlan, Jaime C.
TI Stiff and Transparent Multilayer Thin Films Prepared Through
Hydrogen-Bonding Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Graphene and Polymer
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE elastic modulus; graphene; hydrogen bonding; layer-by-layer assembly;
light transmittance
ID FUNCTIONALIZED GRAPHENE; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; OXYGEN
BARRIER; GAS BARRIER; NANOCOMPOSITES; CONDUCTIVITY; DISPERSIONS; SHEETS;
COMPOSITES
AB Due to their exceptional orientation of 2D nanofillers, layer-by-layer (LbL) assembled polymer/graphene oxide thin films exhibit unmatched mechanical performance relative to any conventionally produced counterparts with similar composition. Unprecedented mechanical property improvement, by replacing graphene oxide with pristine graphene, is demonstrated in this work. Polyvinylpyrrolidone-stabilized graphene platelets are alternately deposited with poly(acrylic acid) using hydrogen bonding assisted LbL assembly. Transmission electron microscopy imaging and the Halpin-Tsai model are used to demonstrate, for the first time, that intact graphene can be processed from water to generate polymer nanocomposite thin films with simultaneous parallel-alignment, high packing density, and exfoliation. A multilayer thin film with only 3.9 vol% of highly exfoliated, and structurally intact graphene, increases the elastic modulus (E) of a polymer multilayer thin film by 322% (from 1.41 to 4.81 GPa), while maintaining visible light transmittance of approximate to 90%. This is one of the greatest improvements in elastic modulus ever reported for a graphene-filled polymer nanocomposite with a glassy (E > 1 GPa) matrix. The technique described here provides a powerful new tool to improve nanocomposite properties (mechanical, gas transport, etc.) that can be universally applied to a variety of polymer matrices and 2D nanoplatelets.
C1 [Xiang, Fangming; Givens, Tara M.; Grunlan, Jaime C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Parviz, Dorsa; Tzeng, Ping; Green, Micah J.] Texas A&M Univ, Artie McFerrin Dept Chem Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Davis, Eric M.; Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Xiang, Fangming] Natl Energy Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Davis, Eric M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Grunlan, JC (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM jgrunlan@tamu.edu
RI Grunlan, Jaime/K-3242-2016; Xiang, Fangming/L-4289-2014
OI Grunlan, Jaime/0000-0001-5241-9741; Xiang, Fangming/0000-0002-2022-8163
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 33
U2 95
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1616-301X
EI 1616-3028
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD APR 5
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 13
BP 2143
EP 2149
DI 10.1002/adfm.201504758
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA DI8FX
UT WOS:000373738000010
ER
PT J
AU Adams, PD
Aertgeerts, K
Bauer, C
Bell, JA
Berman, HM
Bhat, TN
Blaney, JM
Bolton, E
Bricogne, G
Brown, D
Burley, SK
Case, DA
Clark, KL
Darden, T
Emsley, P
Feher, VA
Feng, ZK
Groom, CR
Harris, SF
Hendle, J
Holder, T
Joachimiak, A
Kleywegt, GJ
Krojer, T
Marcotrigiano, J
Mark, AE
Markley, JL
Miller, M
Minor, W
Montelione, GT
Murshudov, G
Nakagawa, A
Nakamura, H
Nicholls, A
Nicklaus, M
Nolte, RT
Padyana, AK
Peishoff, CE
Pieniazek, S
Read, RJ
Shao, CH
Sheriff, S
Smart, O
Soisson, S
Spurlino, J
Stouch, T
Svobodova, R
Tempel, W
Terwilliger, TC
Tronrud, D
Velankar, S
Ward, SC
Warren, GL
Westbrook, JD
Williams, P
Yang, HW
Young, J
AF Adams, Paul D.
Aertgeerts, Kathleen
Bauer, Cary
Bell, Jeffrey A.
Berman, Helen M.
Bhat, Talapady N.
Blaney, Jeff M.
Bolton, Evan
Bricogne, Gerard
Brown, David
Burley, Stephen K.
Case, David A.
Clark, Kirk L.
Darden, Tom
Emsley, Paul
Feher, Victoria A.
Feng, Zukang
Groom, Colin R.
Harris, Seth F.
Hendle, Jorg
Holder, Thomas
Joachimiak, Andrzej
Kleywegt, Gerard J.
Krojer, Tobias
Marcotrigiano, Joseph
Mark, Alan E.
Markley, John L.
Miller, Matthew
Minor, Wladek
Montelione, Gaetano T.
Murshudov, Garib
Nakagawa, Atsushi
Nakamura, Haruki
Nicholls, Anthony
Nicklaus, Marc
Nolte, Robert T.
Padyana, Anil K.
Peishoff, Catherine E.
Pieniazek, Susan
Read, Randy J.
Shao, Chenghua
Sheriff, Steven
Smart, Oliver
Soisson, Stephen
Spurlino, John
Stouch, Terry
Svobodova, Radka
Tempel, Wolfram
Terwilliger, Thomas C.
Tronrud, Dale
Velankar, Sameer
Ward, Suzanna C.
Warren, Gregory L.
Westbrook, John D.
Williams, Pamela
Yang, Huanwang
Young, Jasmine
TI Outcome of the First wwPDB/CCDC/D3R Ligand Validation Workshop
SO STRUCTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID PROTEIN DATA-BANK; CAMBRIDGE STRUCTURAL DATABASE; ELECTRON-DENSITY;
TASK-FORCE; INFORMATION; MACROMOLECULES; GENERATION; MOLECULES; TOOLS;
PDB
AB Crystallographic studies of ligands bound to biological macromolecules (proteins and nucleic acids) represent an important source of information concerning drug-target interactions, providing atomic level insights into the physical chemistry of complex formation between macromolecules and ligands. Of the more than 115,000 entries extant in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) archive, similar to 75% include at least one non-polymeric ligand. Ligand geometrical and stereochemical quality, the suitability of ligand models for in silico drug discovery and design, and the goodness-of-fit of ligand models to electron-density maps vary widely across the archive. We describe the proceedings and conclusions from the first Worldwide PDB/Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center/Drug Design Data Resource (wwPDB/CCDC/D3R) Ligand Validation Workshop held at the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics at Rutgers University on July 30-31, 2015. Experts in protein crystallography from academe and industry came together with non-profit and for-profit software providers for crystallography and with experts in computational chemistry and data archiving to discuss and make recommendations on best practices, as framed by a series of questions central to structural studies of macromolecule-ligand complexes. What data concerning bound ligands should be archived in the PDB? How should the ligands be best represented? How should structural models of macromolecule-ligand complexes be validated? What supplementary information should accompany publications of structural studies of biological macromolecules? Consensus recommendations on best practices developed in response to each of these questions are provided, together with some details regarding implementation. Important issues addressed but not resolved at the workshop are also enumerated.
C1 [Adams, Paul D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Biophys & Integrated Bioimaging Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Aertgeerts, Kathleen] LLC, DART NeuroSci, San Diego, CA 92131 USA.
[Bauer, Cary] Bruker AXS Inc, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Bell, Jeffrey A.; Holder, Thomas] Schrodinger Inc, New York, NY 10036 USA.
[Berman, Helen M.; Burley, Stephen K.; Feng, Zukang; Shao, Chenghua; Westbrook, John D.; Yang, Huanwang; Young, Jasmine] State Univ New Jersey, Ctr Integrat Prote Res, Res Collaboratory Struct Bioinformat Prot D, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Berman, Helen M.; Burley, Stephen K.; Feng, Zukang; Marcotrigiano, Joseph; Westbrook, John D.; Yang, Huanwang; Young, Jasmine] State Univ New Jersey, Dept Chem & Chem Biol Rutgers, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Bhat, Talapady N.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Blaney, Jeff M.; Harris, Seth F.] South San Francisco, Genentech Inc, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA.
[Bolton, Evan] US Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA.
[Bricogne, Gerard] Global Phasing Ltd, Cambridge CB3 0AX, England.
[Brown, David] Charles River Ltd, Struct Biol & Biophys, Cambridge CB10 1XL, England.
[Burley, Stephen K.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Supercomputer Ctr, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Clark, Kirk L.] Novartis Inst BioMed Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Darden, Tom] OpenEye Sci, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
[Emsley, Paul; Nicholls, Anthony; Warren, Gregory L.] MRC Lab Mol Biol, Cambridge CB2 0QH, England.
[Feher, Victoria A.; Murshudov, Garib] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, Drug Design Data Resource, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Groom, Colin R.] Cambridge Crystallog Data Ctr, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, England.
[Hendle, Jorg; Ward, Suzanna C.] Lilly Biotechnol Ctr, Structural Biol, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
[Joachimiak, Andrzej] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci, Structural Biol Ctr, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Kleywegt, Gerard J.] European Bioinformat Inst, European Mol Biol Lab, Protein Data Bank Europe, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England.
[Krojer, Tobias; Velankar, Sameer] Univ Oxford, Structural Genom Consortium, Oxford OX3 7DQ, England.
[Marcotrigiano, Joseph; Montelione, Gaetano T.; Smart, Oliver] State Univ New Jersey, Ctr Adv Biotechnol & Med, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Mark, Alan E.; Miller, Matthew] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem & Mol Biosci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Markley, John L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, BioMagResBank, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Minor, Wladek] Univ Virginia, Dept Mol Physiol & Biol Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA.
[Montelione, Gaetano T.] State Univ New Jersey, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Nakagawa, Atsushi; Nakamura, Haruki] Osaka Univ, Inst Prot Res, Protein Data Bank Japan, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
[Nicklaus, Marc] Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Canc Inst, Ctr Canc Res, Computer Aided Drug Design Grp, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Nolte, Robert T.; Peishoff, Catherine E.] Collegeville, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426 USA.
[Padyana, Anil K.] Agios Pharmaceut Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Pieniazek, Susan] Bristol Myers Squibb Res & Dev, Pennington, NJ 08534 USA.
[Read, Randy J.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Inst Med Res, Dept Haematol, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England.
[Soisson, Stephen] Bristol Myers Squibb Res & Dev, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Soisson, Stephen] Merck Res Labs, West Point, PA 19486 USA.
[Spurlino, John] Janssen Pharmaceut Inc, Spring House, PA 19002 USA.
[Stouch, Terry] Sci Solut LLC, West Windsor, NJ 08550 USA.
[Svobodova, Radka] Masaryk Univ, Natl Ctr Biomol Res, CEITEC Cent European Inst Technol, Brno 62500, Czech Republic.
[Tempel, Wolfram] Univ Toronto, Structural Genom Consortium, Toronto, ON M5G IL7, Canada.
[Terwilliger, Thomas C.] Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Tronrud, Dale] Oregon State Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Williams, Pamela] Atex Pharmaceut, Cambridge CB4 0QA, England.
RP Burley, SK (reprint author), State Univ New Jersey, Ctr Integrat Prote Res, Res Collaboratory Struct Bioinformat Prot D, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.; Burley, SK (reprint author), State Univ New Jersey, Dept Chem & Chem Biol Rutgers, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.; Burley, SK (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Supercomputer Ctr, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.; Feher, VA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, Drug Design Data Resource, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.; Groom, CR (reprint author), Cambridge Crystallog Data Ctr, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, England.
EM stephen.burley@rcsb.org; vfeher@ucsd.edu; groom@ccdc.cam.ac.uk
RI Svobodova Varekova, Radka/E-2867-2012; Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012;
Marcotrigiano, Joseph /K-6697-2016; Read, Randy/L-1418-2013; Mark,
Alan/A-8799-2011;
OI Minor, Wladek/0000-0001-7075-7090; Terwilliger,
Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320; Marcotrigiano, Joseph /0000-0003-0346-3353;
Read, Randy/0000-0001-8273-0047; Mark, Alan/0000-0001-5880-4798; Smart,
Oliver/0000-0002-9669-1998; Kleywegt, Gerard J./0000-0002-4670-0331;
Velankar, Sameer/0000-0002-8439-5964; Nicklaus, Marc/0000-0002-4775-7030
FU National Science Foundation [DBI 1338415]; Wellcome Trust [104948];
JST-NBDC; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM109046,
GM111528]
FX The workshop was supported by funding to RCSB PDB by the National
Science Foundation (DBI 1338415); PDBe by the Wellcome Trust (104948);
PDBj by JST-NBDC; BMRB by the National Institute of General Medical
Sciences (GM109046); D3R by the National Institute of General Medical
Sciences (GM111528); registration fees from industrial participants; and
a tax-deductible donation to the wwPDB Foundation by the Bristol-Myers
Squibb Foundation.
NR 38
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 6
U2 13
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0969-2126
EI 1878-4186
J9 STRUCTURE
JI Structure
PD APR 5
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 4
BP 502
EP 508
DI 10.1016/j.str.2016.02.017
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA DI5VN
UT WOS:000373568700005
PM 27050687
ER
PT J
AU Loh, W
Becker, J
Cole, DC
Coillet, A
Baynes, FN
Papp, SB
Diddams, SA
AF Loh, William
Becker, Joe
Cole, Daniel C.
Coillet, Aurelien
Baynes, Fred N.
Papp, Scott B.
Diddams, Scott A.
TI A microrod-resonator Brillouin laser with 240Hz absolute linewidth
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE microresonators; lasers; stimulated Brillouin scattering; narrow
linewidth
ID MICRORESONATOR FREQUENCY COMBS; FIBER LASER; SEMICONDUCTOR-LASER;
MICROCAVITY; CHIP; GENERATION; SILICON
AB We demonstrate an ultralow-noise microrod-resonator based laser that oscillates on the gain supplied by the stimulated Brillouin scattering optical nonlinearity. Microresonator Brillouin lasers are known to offer an outstanding frequency noise floor, which is limited by fundamental thermal fluctuations. Here, we show experimental evidence that thermal effects also dominate the close-to-carrier frequency fluctuations. The 6 mm diameter microrod resonator used in our experiments has a large optical mode area of similar to 100 mu m(2), and hence its 10 ms thermal time constant filters the close-to-carrier optical frequency noise. The result is an absolute laser linewidth of 240 Hz with a corresponding white-frequency noise floor of 0.1 Hz(2) Hz(-1). We explain the steady-state performance of this laser by measurements of its operation state and of its mode detuning and lineshape. Our results highlight a mechanism for noise that is common to many microresonator devices due to the inherent coupling between intracavity power and mode frequency. We demonstrate the ability to reduce this noise through a feedback loop that stabilizes the intracavity power.
C1 [Loh, William; Becker, Joe; Cole, Daniel C.; Coillet, Aurelien; Baynes, Fred N.; Papp, Scott B.; Diddams, Scott A.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Loh, W (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM William.Loh@nist.gov
FU NIST; DARPA PULSE Program; NRC/NAS; NSF GRFP [DGE 1144083]
FX We thank Dr Marco Schioppo, Dr Gabe Ycas, and Professor Kerry J Vahala
for their valuable comments on this manuscript. This work was funded by
NIST and the DARPA PULSE Program. WL acknowledges support from the
NRC/NAS. DC acknowledges support from the NSF GRFP under Grant No. DGE
1144083. This work is a contribution of the US Government and is not
subject to copyright in the US.
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 13
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD APR 4
PY 2016
VL 18
AR 045001
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/18/4/045001
PG 9
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DL2NN
UT WOS:000375472200001
ER
PT J
AU Kim, YS
Davis, R
Uddin, N
Nyden, M
Rabb, SA
AF Kim, Yeon Seok
Davis, Rick
Uddin, Nasir
Nyden, Marc
Rabb, Savelas A.
TI Quantification of nanoparticle release from polymer nanocomposite
coatings due to environmental stressing
SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
DE simulated chewing; ICP-OES; UV-Vis; Engineered nanoparticle; simulated
wear and tear; layer-by-layer assembly
ID WALL CARBON NANOTUBES; POLYURETHANE FOAM FLAMMABILITY; FILLED COATINGS;
REDUCE; NANOARCHITECTURES; PURIFICATION; NANOCOATINGS; DISPERSIONS;
COMPOSITES; ASSEMBLIES
AB Certain engineered nanoparticles (ENP) reduce the flammability of components used in soft furnishings (mattresses and upholstered furniture). However, because of the ENP's small size and ability to interact with biological molecules, these fire retardant ENPs may pose a health and environmental risks, if they are released sometime during the life cycle of the soft furnishing. Quantifying the released amount of these ENPs under normal end-use circumstances provides a basis for assessing their potential health and environmental impact. In this article, we report on efforts to identify suitable methodologies for quantifying the release of carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, and sodium montmorillonites from coatings applied to the surfaces of barrier fabric and polyurethane foam. The ENPs released in simulated chewing and mechanical stressing experiments were collected in aqueous solution and quantified using Ultraviolet-Visible and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. The microstructures of the released ENPs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The reported methodology and results provide important milestones to estimate the impact and toxicity of the ENP release during the life cycle of the nanocomposites. To our knowledge, this is the first study of ENP release from the soft furnishing coating, something that can be important application area for fire safety.
C1 [Kim, Yeon Seok; Davis, Rick; Uddin, Nasir; Nyden, Marc; Rabb, Savelas A.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr MS-8665, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kim, YS (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr MS-8665, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yeonkim@nist.gov
FU Consumer Product Safety Commission
FX This work was partially supported by the Consumer Product Safety
Commission.
NR 44
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Z9 0
U1 7
U2 25
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1545-9624
EI 1545-9632
J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG
JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg.
PD APR 2
PY 2016
VL 13
IS 4
BP 307
EP 317
DI 10.1080/15459624.2015.1116696
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA DE2VW
UT WOS:000370486300006
PM 26647208
ER
PT J
AU Marvel, JA
Bostelman, R
AF Marvel, Jeremy A.
Bostelman, Roger
TI Test Methods for the Evaluation of Manufacturing Mobile Manipulator
Safety
SO JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS AND MECHATRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE mobile manipulators; AGV safety; robot safety
AB This paper presents a test methodology for evaluating the safety of mobile manipulators (robot arms mounted on mobile bases). This methodology addresses the safety concerns relevant to modern, agile, manufacturing practices in which mobile manipulators will play a significant role. We consider 1) the unique capabilities and anticipated uses of mobile manipulators and 2) the potential exemptions and special cases in which their behavior may be unpredictable or otherwise contrary to the safety requirements. Finally, we define metrics for assessing compliance with functional safety requirements and anticipated performance.
C1 [Marvel, Jeremy A.; Bostelman, Roger] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8230, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bostelman, Roger] Univ Bourgogne, IEM, Le2i, BP 47870, F-21078 Dijon, France.
RP Marvel, JA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8230, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jeremy.marvel@nist.gov; roger.bostelman@nist.gov
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU FUJI TECHNOLOGY PRESS LTD
PI TOKYO
PA 4F TORANOMON SANGYO BLDG, 2-29, TORANOMON 1-CHOME, MINATO-KU, TOKYO,
105-0001, JAPAN
SN 0915-3942
EI 1883-8049
J9 J ROBOT MECHATRON
JI J. Robot. Mechatron.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 28
IS 2
BP 199
EP 214
PG 16
WC Robotics
SC Robotics
GA EJ8DH
UT WOS:000393454500012
ER
PT J
AU Ding, YN
Carton, JA
Chepurin, GA
Steele, M
Hakkinen, S
AF Ding, Yanni
Carton, James A.
Chepurin, Gennady A.
Steele, Michael
Hakkinen, Sirpa
TI Seasonal heat and freshwater cycles in the Arctic Ocean in CMIP5 coupled
models
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT; CLIMATE; ICE; VARIABILITY; REANALYSIS;
ATLANTIC; REGIMES; SYSTEM
AB This study examines the processes governing the seasonal response of the Arctic Ocean and sea ice to surface forcings as they appear in historical simulations of 14 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 coupled climate models. In both models and observations, the seasonal heat budget is dominated by a local balance between net surface heating and storage in the heat content of the ocean and in melting/freezing of sea ice. Observations suggest ocean heat storage is more important than sea ice melt, while in most of these models, sea ice melt dominates. Seasonal horizontal heat flux divergence driven by the seasonal cycle of volume transport is only important locally. In models and observations, the dominant terms in the basin-average seasonal freshwater budget are the storages of freshwater between the ocean and sea ice, and the exchange between the two. The largest external source term is continental discharge in early summer, which is an order of magnitude smaller. The appearance of sea ice (extent and volume) and also ocean stratification in both the heat and freshwater budgets provides two links between the budgets and provides two mechanisms for feedback. One consequence of such an interaction is the fact that models with strong/weak seasonal surface heating also have strong/weak seasonal haline and temperature stratification.
C1 [Ding, Yanni; Carton, James A.; Chepurin, Gennady A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Steele, Michael] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Polar Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Hakkinen, Sirpa] NOAA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Carton, JA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM carton@atmos.umd.edu
FU National Science Foundation [OCE1233942]; NSF [OCE1233255]; Forum for
Arctic Modeling and Observational Synthesis (FAMOS)
FX Y.D., G.A.C., and J.A.C. gratefully acknowledge support from the
National Science Foundation (OCE1233942). Support for M.S. was provided
by NSF grant OCE1233255. We thank the World Climate Research Program's
Working Group on Coupled Modeling, which is responsible for CMIP, and
the climate modeling groups for producing and making available their
model output. For CMIP, the U.S. Department of Energy's Program for
Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (www-pcmdi.llnl.gov)
provides coordinating support and led development of software
infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth
System Science Portals. We thank the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Laboratory for providing output from the two GFDL-ESM models used here.
We thank the ECMWF, NSIDC, and PSC teams for the ERA-40 atmospheric
fluxes, sea ice extent, PHC3.0 ocean climatology, and PIOMAS sea ice
volume data. ERA-40 data were downloaded from
http://apps.ecmwf.int/datasets/data/era40-moda/in 2014. The sea ice
extent was downloaded from http://nsidc.org/data/on February 2014. The
PHC3.0 ocean climatology was downloaded from
http://psc.apl.washington.edu/nonwp_projects/PHC/ on October 2013. The
PIOMAS data were downloaded from
http://psc.apl.uw.edu/research/projects/arctic-sea-ice-volume-anomaly/da
ta/on May 2015. We thank the support from Forum for Arctic Modeling and
Observational Synthesis (FAMOS).
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 4
BP 2043
EP 2057
DI 10.1002/2015JC011124
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DW2HA
UT WOS:000383462300001
ER
PT J
AU Dmitrenko, IA
Kirillov, SA
Forest, A
Gratton, Y
Volkov, DL
Williams, WJ
Lukovich, JV
Belanger, C
Barber, DG
AF Dmitrenko, Igor A.
Kirillov, Sergei A.
Forest, Alexandre
Gratton, Yves
Volkov, Denis L.
Williams, William J.
Lukovich, Jennifer V.
Belanger, Claude
Barber, David G.
TI Shelfbreak current over the Canadian Beaufort Sea continental slope:
Wind-driven events in January 2005
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID ARCTIC-OCEAN SURFACE; HALOCLINE WATERS; MACKENZIE SHELF; PACIFIC WATER;
VARIABILITY; ATLANTIC; BASIN; CIRCULATION; WINTER; GRACE
AB The shelfbreak current over the Beaufort Sea continental slope is known to be one of the most energetic features of the Beaufort Sea hydrography. In January 2005, three oceanographic moorings deployed over the Canadian (eastern) Beaufort Sea continental slope simultaneously recorded two consecutive shelfbreak current events with along-slope eastward bottom-intensified flow up to 120 cm s(-1). Both events were generated by the local wind forcing associated with two Pacific-born cyclones passing north of the Beaufort Sea continental slope toward the Canadian Archipelago. Over the mooring array, the associated westerly wind exceeded 15 m s(-1). These two cyclones generated storm surges along the Beaufort Sea coast with sea surface height (SSH) rising up to 1.4 m following the two westerly wind maxima. We suggest that the westerly along-slope wind generated a surface Ekman onshore transport. The associated SSH increase over the shelf produced a cross-slope pressure gradient that drove an along-slope eastward geostrophic current, in the same direction as the wind. This wind-driven barotropic flow was superimposed on the background baroclinic bottom-intensified shelfbreak current that consequently amplified. Summer-fall satellite altimetry data for 1992-2013 show that the SSH gradient in the southeastern Beaufort Sea is enhanced over the upper continental slope in response to frequent storm surge events. Because the local wind forcing and/or sea-ice drift could not explain the reduction of sea-ice concentration over the Beaufort Sea continental slope in January 2005, we speculate that wind-driven sea level fluctuations may impact the sea-ice cover in winter.
C1 [Dmitrenko, Igor A.; Kirillov, Sergei A.; Lukovich, Jennifer V.; Barber, David G.] Univ Manitoba, Ctr Earth Observat Sci, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
[Forest, Alexandre] Golder Associates, Quebec City, PQ, Canada.
[Gratton, Yves; Belanger, Claude] Inst Natl Rech Sci Eau Terre Environm, Quebec City, PQ, Canada.
[Volkov, Denis L.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
[Volkov, Denis L.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Williams, William J.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Inst Ocean Sci, Sidney, BC, Canada.
RP Dmitrenko, IA (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Ctr Earth Observat Sci, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
EM igor.dmitrenko@umanitoba.ca
RI Volkov, Denis/A-6079-2011;
OI Volkov, Denis/0000-0002-9290-0502; Forest, Alexandre/0000-0001-9002-947X
FU National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
[RGPIN-2014-03606]; NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory; CNES
FX The data used for this research were collected under the ArcticNet
framework, project Long-Term Oceanic Observatories in the Canadian
Arctic. We gratefully acknowledge the support by the Canada Excellence
Research Chair (CERC) and the Canada Research Chairs (CRC) programs.
This work is a contribution to the joint Canadian-Danish-Greenland ASP
cooperation. The research was also partly supported by National Sciences
and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, grant
RGPIN-2014-03606) and the base funds of NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory. The CTD and velocity data are available
through the Polar Data Catalogue at https://www.polardata.ca/pdcsearch/,
CCIN Reference #11653 and #11792. The SSH data were produced by
Ssalto/Duacs and distributed by Aviso (www.aviso.oceanobs.com) with
support from CNES.
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 4
BP 2447
EP 2468
DI 10.1002/2015JC011514
PG 22
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DW2HA
UT WOS:000383462300020
ER
PT J
AU Fedchak, JA
Scherschligt, J
Sefa, M
AF Fedchak, James A.
Scherschligt, Julia
Sefa, Makfir
TI How to Build a Vacuum Spring-transport Package for Spinning Rotor Gauges
SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Engineering; Issue 110; Spinning Rotor Gauge; Spring-Transport
Mechanism; High-Vacuum Calibrations; Vacuum Metrology; Key Comparison;
Vacuum Gauge; Gauge Stability
AB The spinning rotor gauge (SRG) is a high-vacuum gauge often used as a secondary or transfer standard for vacuum pressures in the range of 1.0 x 10(-4) Pa to 1.0 Pa. In this application, the SRGs are frequently transported to laboratories for calibration. Events can occur during transportation that change the rotor surface conditions, thus changing the calibration factor. To assure calibration stability, a spring-transport mechanism is often used to immobilize the rotor and keep it under vacuum during transport. It is also important to transport the spring-transport mechanism using packaging designed to minimize the risk of damage during shipping. In this manuscript, a detailed description is given on how to build a robust spring-transport mechanism and shipping container. Together these form a spring-transport package. The spring-transport package design was tested using drop-tests and the performance was found to be excellent. The present spring-transport mechanism design keeps the rotor immobilized when experiencing shocks of several hundred g (g = 9.8 m/sec(2) and is the acceleration due to gravity), while the shipping container assures that the mechanism will not experience shocks greater than about 100 g during common shipping mishaps (as defined by industry standards).
C1 [Fedchak, James A.; Scherschligt, Julia; Sefa, Makfir] NIST, Thermodynam Metrol Grp, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fedchak, JA (reprint author), NIST, Thermodynam Metrol Grp, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM james.fedchak@nist.gov
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA
SN 1940-087X
J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP
JI J. Vis. Exp.
PD APR
PY 2016
IS 110
AR e53937
DI 10.3791/53937
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DR9ZX
UT WOS:000380256000065
PM 27078575
ER
PT J
AU Chan, PW
Zhang, P
Doviak, R
AF Chan, P. W.
Zhang, P.
Doviak, R.
TI Calculation and application of eddy dissipation rate map based on
spectrum width data of a S-band radar in Hong Kong
SO MAUSAM
LA English
DT Article
DE Weather radar; Eddy dissipation rate; Severe turbulence
ID DOPPLER LIDAR; TURBULENCE
AB The spectrum width data of an S-band radar in Hong Kong are used to calculate the map of eddy dissipation rate (EDR) with the objective of providing turbulence alerting service for the en-route aircraft in the Pearl River Delta region. The calculation methodology is different from that reported in the existing literature by also removing the wind shear contribution in determining the radar-based EDR. The performance of the EDR maps obtained from the conical scans of the radar is illustrated in two examples of moderate to severe turbulence reported by the aircraft. In both cases, based on the EDR values and windshear hazard factors determined from the aircraft data, the airflow disturbances could adversely affect the operation of the aircraft. By overlaying the flight route on the radar's reflectivity imageries, it appears that, in both cases, the disturbed airflow is associated with rather intense rain cells, though they are rather small and isolated. The EDR values calculated from the radar's spectrum width data at the locations of the rain cells are generally consistent with those determined using the aircraft's wind measurements. From the selected cases, it seems that the radar-based EDR values have generally satisfactory quality. If such data could be available at the cockpit through data uplinking, they could be useful hints for the pilots not to fly through the rain cells but rather going around them. The methodology may be applied to the radars in the Pearl River Delta region in order to construct a three-dimensional mosaic of turbulence intensity for the assurance of aviation safety.
C1 [Chan, P. W.] Hong Kong Observ, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, P.] Univ Oklahoma, CIMMS, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Doviak, R.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Chan, PW (reprint author), Hong Kong Observ, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM pwchan@hko.gov.hk
RI Chan, Pak Wai/C-8447-2011
OI Chan, Pak Wai/0000-0003-2289-0609
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU INDIA METEOROLOGICAL DEPT
PI NEW DELHI
PA MAUSAM BHAWAN, LODI RD, NEW DELHI, 110 003, INDIA
SN 0252-9416
J9 MAUSAM
JI Mausam
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 67
IS 2
BP 411
EP 422
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DS0PI
UT WOS:000380298800008
ER
PT J
AU Berkelhammer, M
Noone, DC
Steen-Larsen, HC
Bailey, A
Cox, CJ
O'Neill, MS
Schneider, D
Steffen, K
White, JWC
AF Berkelhammer, Max
Noone, David C.
Steen-Larsen, Hans Christian
Bailey, Adriana
Cox, Christopher J.
O'Neill, Michael S.
Schneider, David
Steffen, Konrad
White, James W. C.
TI Surface-atmosphere decoupling limits accumulation at Summit, Greenland
SO SCIENCE ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ICE-SHEET; SNOW ACCUMULATION; WATER-VAPOR; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION;
HYDROGEN ISOTOPES; ANTARCTIC PLATEAU; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SEA-ICE; OXYGEN;
TEMPERATURE
AB Despite rapid melting in the coastal regions of the Greenland Ice Sheet, a significant area (similar to 40%) of the ice sheet rarely experiences surface melting. In these regions, the controls on annual accumulation are poorly constrained owing to surface conditions (for example, surface clouds, blowing snow, and surface inversions), which render moisture flux estimates from myriad approaches (that is, eddy covariance, remote sensing, and direct observations) highly uncertain. Accumulation is partially determined by the temperature dependence of saturation vapor pressure, which influences the maximum humidity of air parcels reaching the ice sheet interior. However, independent proxies for surface temperature and accumulation from ice cores show that the response of accumulation to temperature is variable and not generally consistent with a purely thermodynamic control. Using three years of stable water vapor isotope profiles from a high altitude site on the Greenland Ice Sheet, we show that as the boundary layer becomes increasingly stable, a decoupling between the ice sheet and atmosphere occurs. The limited interaction between the ice sheet surface and free tropospheric air reduces the capacity for surface condensation to achieve the rate set by the humidity of the air parcels reaching interior Greenland. The isolation of the surface also acts to recycle sublimated moisture by recondensing it onto fog particles, which returns the moisture back to the surface through gravitational settling. The observations highlight a unique mechanism by which ice sheet mass is conserved, which has implications for understanding both past and future changes in accumulation rate and the isotopic signal in ice cores from Greenland.
C1 [Berkelhammer, Max] Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Berkelhammer, Max; Noone, David C.; Steen-Larsen, Hans Christian; Bailey, Adriana; Cox, Christopher J.; O'Neill, Michael S.; Schneider, David; Steffen, Konrad] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Berkelhammer, Max; Noone, David C.; Bailey, Adriana; Cox, Christopher J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Noone, David C.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Steen-Larsen, Hans Christian] UMR CEA CNRS UVSQ IPSL 8212, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Steen-Larsen, Hans Christian] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Ice & Climate, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Bailey, Adriana] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Cox, Christopher J.; O'Neill, Michael S.] NOAA, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Schneider, David] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Steffen, Konrad] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
[White, James W. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[White, James W. C.] Univ Colorado, Environm Studies Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[White, James W. C.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Berkelhammer, M (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.; Berkelhammer, M (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Berkelhammer, M (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM berkelha@uic.edu
RI White, James/A-7845-2009; Steen-Larsen, Hans Christian/F-9927-2013; Cox,
Christopher/O-4276-2016
OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684; Steen-Larsen, Hans
Christian/0000-0002-7202-5907; Cox, Christopher/0000-0003-2203-7173
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 11
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 2375-2548
J9 SCI ADV
JI Sci. Adv.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 2
IS 4
AR e1501704
DI 10.1126/sciadv.1501704
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DR7IB
UT WOS:000380072100033
PM 27386509
ER
PT J
AU Denton, RE
Takahashi, K
Amoh, J
Singer, HJ
AF Denton, R. E.
Takahashi, Kazue
Amoh, Justice, Jr.
Singer, H. J.
TI Mass density at geostationary orbit and apparent mass refilling
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID O PLUS CONCENTRATION; ELECTRON-DENSITIES; MAGNETOSPHERE; EVOLUTION;
WAVES; STORM; MODEL
AB We used the inferred equatorial mass density rho(m,eq) based on measurements of Alfven wave frequencies measured by the GOES satellites during 1980-1991 in order to construct a number of different models of varying complexity for the equatorial mass density at geostationary orbit. The most complicated models are able to account for 66% of the variance with a typical variation from actual values of a factor of 1.56. The factors that influenced rho(m,eq) in the models were, in order of decreasing importance, the F-10.7 EUV index, magnetic local time, the solar wind dynamic pressure P-dyn, the phase of the year, and the solar wind B-Z (GSM Z direction). During some intervals, some of which were especially geomagnetically quiet, rho(m,eq) rose to values that were significantly higher than those predicted by our models. For 10 especially quiet intervals, we examined long-term (>1 day) apparent refilling, the increase in rho(m,eq) at a fixed location. We found that the behavior of rho(m,eq) varies for different events. In some cases, there is significant apparent refilling, whereas in other cases rho(m,eq) stays the same or even decreases slightly. Nevertheless, we showed that on average, rho(m,eq) increases exponentially during quiet intervals. There is variation of apparent refilling with respect to the phase of the solar cycle. On the third day of apparent refilling, rho(m,eq) has on average a similar value at solar maximum or solar minimum, but at solar maximum, rho(m,eq) begins with a larger value and rises relatively less than at solar minimum.
C1 [Denton, R. E.; Amoh, Justice, Jr.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Denton, R. E.; Amoh, Justice, Jr.] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Takahashi, Kazue] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Singer, H. J.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Denton, RE (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.; Denton, RE (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
EM richard.e.denton@dartmouth.edu
FU NSF [AGS-1105790, AGS-1106427]; NASA [NNX10AQ60G]
FX Work at Dartmouth was supported by NSF grant AGS-1105790 and NASA grant
NNX10AQ60G. Work at JHU APL was supported by NSF grant AGS-1106427.
Solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices were obtained from the
GSFC/SPDF OMNIWeb interface at http://omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov. The
Kondrashov et al. [2014] database was used to fill in missing values
during data gaps
(http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014GL059741/full). Values
of F10.7 come originally from NOAA's National Geophysical
Data Center. Numerical data shown in this paper are available from the
lead author upon request.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 4
BP 2962
EP 2975
DI 10.1002/2015JA022167
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DR5RO
UT WOS:000379960300010
ER
PT J
AU Zabotin, NA
Godin, OA
Bullett, TW
AF Zabotin, Nikolay A.
Godin, Oleg A.
Bullett, Terence W.
TI Oceans are a major source of waves in the thermosphere
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE A link between waves in the ocean; and in the thermosphere has been;
revealed; Power levels of gravity waves in both; media are significantly
correlated; The ocean is an important source of; background
thermospheric waves
ID TIME DATA ACQUISITION; INFRAGRAVITY WAVES; DEEP-OCEAN; GRAVITY-WAVES;
INTERPRETATION CAPABILITIES; SPACED DATA; DYNASONDE
AB Recent theoretical analysis by Godin et al. (2015) led to the suggestion that infragravity waves (IGWs, i.e., surface gravity waves in the ocean with periods longer than 30 s) can radiate acoustic-gravity waves (AGWs) and account for a significant part of the wave activity observed in the thermosphere with periods between about 5min and 3 h. In this paper, we report a strong experimental demonstration of thermospheric waves being driven by the ocean using data from two Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis stations located off the US East Coast and Dynasonde radar system located at Wallops Island, Virginia. Over a 9month observation period, variations of IGW and AGW spectral amplitudes demonstrate large, statistically significant correlation in a broad range of frequencies (0.2-3.2mHz) and altitudes (140-190 km). Peak correlation values (similar to 0.43) indicate that waves radiated by the ocean represent a major constituent of thermospheric wave activity.
C1 [Zabotin, Nikolay A.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Zabotin, Nikolay A.; Godin, Oleg A.; Bullett, Terence W.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Godin, Oleg A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Bullett, Terence W.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Zabotin, NA (reprint author), Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Zabotin, NA (reprint author), Univ Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM nikolay.zabotin@colorado.edu
RI Godin, Oleg/E-6554-2011; Zabotin, Nikolay/A-9639-2015
OI Godin, Oleg/0000-0003-4599-2149; Zabotin, Nikolay/0000-0003-0715-1082
FU Office of Naval Research Basic Research Challenge program
[N000141310348]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0821794]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Basic Research
Challenge program, award N000141310348. Field support of the Wallops
Dynasonde operation has been provided, in part, by the staff of the
NASA's Wallops Flight Facility. The Dynasonde data are accessible
through the project's website (http://surf.colorado.edu) upon request to
the authors (N.Z. or T.B.) as well as through NCEI's MIRRION server
(ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/ionosonde/data/WI937/). The collection of DART
data was performed by NDBC as a part of their standard operations. The
authors are grateful to J.W. Wright for comments that led to substantial
improvements in presentation and to G. Mungov for help with accessing
and preprocessing of the DART data provided by NDBC. We thank L.
Zabotina for help with developing tools for graphical display and
handling the Dynasonde analysis results. This work utilized the
University of Colorado Boulder research computing facility, which is
supported by the National Science Foundation (award CNS-0821794).
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 4
BP 3452
EP 3463
DI 10.1002/2016JA022357
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DR5RO
UT WOS:000379960300044
ER
PT J
AU Negrea, C
Zabotin, N
Bullett, T
Fuller-Rowell, T
Fang, TW
Codrescu, M
AF Negrea, Catalin
Zabotin, Nikolay
Bullett, Terrence
Fuller-Rowell, Tim
Fang, Tzu-Wei
Codrescu, Mihail
TI Characteristics of acoustic gravity waves obtained from Dynasonde data
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Characteristics of acoustic gravity; waves at Wallops Island; Comparison
with theoretical; dispersion relation; Propagation characteristics of;
traveling ionospheric disturbances
ID ATMOSPHERE RADAR OBSERVATIONS; UNEVENLY SAMPLED-DATA; TIME-SERIES
ANALYSIS; SPACED DATA; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; DISSIPATION; MIDDLE
AB Traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) are ubiquitous in the thermosphere-ionosphere and are often assumed to be caused by acoustic gravity waves (AGWs). This study performs an analysis of the TID and AGW activity above Wallops Island, VA, during October 2013. The variations in electron density and ionospheric tilts obtained with the Dynasonde technique are used as primary indicators of wave activity. The temporal and spectral characteristics of the data are discussed in detail, using also results of the Whole Atmosphere Model (WAM) and the Global Ionosphere Plasmasphere Model (GIP). The full set of propagation parameters (frequency, and the vertical, zonal and meridional wave vector components) of the TIDs is determined over the 160-220 km height range. A test of the self-consistency of these results within the confines of the theoretical AGW dispersion relation is devised. This is applied to a sample data set of 24 October 2013. A remarkable agreement has been achieved for wave periods between 52 and 21 min, for which we can rigorously claim the TIDs are caused by underlying acoustic gravity waves. The Wallops Island Dynasonde can operate for extended periods at a 2 min cadence, allowing determination of the statistical distributions of propagation parameters. A dominant population of TIDs is identified in the frequency band below 1 mHz, and for it, the distributions of the horizontal wavelengths, vertical wavelengths, and horizontal phase speeds are obtained.
C1 [Negrea, Catalin; Zabotin, Nikolay] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Negrea, Catalin; Zabotin, Nikolay; Bullett, Terrence; Fuller-Rowell, Tim; Fang, Tzu-Wei] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Negrea, Catalin; Fuller-Rowell, Tim; Fang, Tzu-Wei; Codrescu, Mihail] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Negrea, Catalin] Inst Space Sci, Magurele, Romania.
[Bullett, Terrence] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Negrea, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Negrea, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Negrea, C (reprint author), NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.; Negrea, C (reprint author), Inst Space Sci, Magurele, Romania.
EM Catalin.Negrea@noaa.gov
RI Zabotin, Nikolay/A-9639-2015; Negrea, Catalin/A-4321-2017
OI Zabotin, Nikolay/0000-0003-0715-1082;
FU Office of Naval Research Basic Research Challenge program
[N000141310348]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0821794]
FX Authors thank O. A. Godin for stimulating discussions and helpful
comments. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Basic
Research Challenge program through award N000141310348. Field support of
Wallops Dynasonde operation has been provided, in part, by the staff of
the NASA's Wallops Flight Facility. The Dynasonde data are accessible
through the project's web site (http://surf.colorado.edu) upon request
to the author (N.Z. or T.B.) as well as through NGDC's MIRRION server
(ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/ionosonde/data/WI937/). This work utilized the
University of Colorado Boulder research computing facility, which is
supported by the National Science Foundation (award number CNS-0821794).
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 4
BP 3665
EP 3680
DI 10.1002/2016JA022495
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DR5RO
UT WOS:000379960300059
ER
PT J
AU Harnos, DS
Nesbitt, SW
AF Harnos, Daniel S.
Nesbitt, Stephen W.
TI Varied pathways for simulated tropical cyclone rapid intensification.
PartI: Precipitation and environment
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE tropical cyclone; hurricane; typhoon; rapid intensification; radius of
maximum wind; convective processes; mesoscale processes
ID HURRICANE EARL 2010; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; CONVECTIVE BURSTS;
UNITED-STATES; WARM-CORE; EVOLUTION; SHEAR; MODEL; DISTRIBUTIONS; RADAR
AB Two 1-km Weather Research and Forecasting model simulations of the rapid intensification (RI) periods of hurricanes Ike(2008) and Earl(2010), under low and high wind shear respectively, are performed to evaluate mechanisms linked to the initiation and maintenance of RI. Despite similar simulated intensification time series, the exhibited hydrometeor characteristics differ between the two cases since Ike possesses less asymmetry and less vigorous convection than Earl. An objective method to quantitatively estimate the radius of maximum wind (RMW) with respect to height is introduced for quantifying the primary circulation character of each storm, permitting analysis of where heating is most efficient for driving warm core growth and subsequent intensification. Following eye development in each, diabatic heating remains embedded within the RMW. Earl's RI onset coincides with an absolute maximum in diabatic heating occurring within the RMW, while Ike possesses relatively less diabatic heating inside the RMW throughout and lacks an absolute peak associated with RI. The majority of diabatic heating within the RMW of both cases occurs at subfreezing temperatures, indicative of the importance of clouds associated with ice processes in these RI simulations. Earl's diabatic heating peak is tied to a maximum in convective burst activity residing within the RMW. Earl's preference for more sparse but intense convection is associated with increased sea surface temperatures, surface heat fluxes, moisture convergence, and near-surface equivalent potential temperature relative to the broader, weaker convective character in Ike.
C1 [Harnos, Daniel S.] NOAA NWS NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Nesbitt, Stephen W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL USA.
RP Harnos, DS (reprint author), NCWCP, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Court,Room 3040, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM daniel.harnos@noaa.gov
FU NASA Hurricane Science Research Project [NNX09AB82G]; NASA ESS
Fellowship [NNX10AP50H]
FX The authors thank Zhuo Wang, Greg McFarquhar, Ryan Sriver, and Brian
Jewett for discussions in developing this research. Constructive reviews
from Dr Robert Rogers and another anonymous reviewer are appreciated for
further refining the manuscript. DH and SN were supported by Ramesh
Kakar under NASA Hurricane Science Research Project grant NNX09AB82G; DH
was supported by NASA ESS Fellowship NNX10AP50H. Computing resources
were provided by the NASA Center for Climate Simulation. ERA-Interim and
MERRA reanalyses were provided by ECMWF and NASA respectively.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 142
IS 697
BP 1816
EP 1831
DI 10.1002/qj.2780
PN B
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DP3LR
UT WOS:000378395500021
ER
PT J
AU Harnos, DS
Nesbitt, SW
AF Harnos, Daniel S.
Nesbitt, Stephen W.
TI Varied pathways for simulated tropical cyclone rapid intensification.
PartII: Vertical motion and cloud populations
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE tropical cyclone; hurricane; typhoon; rapid intensification; convective
processes; mesoscale processes; precipitation; vertical motion
ID HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATION; HURRICANE EARL 2010; WIND SHEAR; CONVECTIVE
BURSTS; STORM STRUCTURE; HOT TOWERS; INTENSITY; RADAR; EVOLUTION; TRMM
AB Differences in the vertical velocity characteristics associated with various cloud populations are evaluated for two simulated cases of tropical cyclone (TC) rapid intensification (RI) under varying wind shear. Within the radius of maximum wind (RMW), preceding RI in the low-shear TC (hurricane Ike of 2008) increased updraught magnitudes for the top 1% of the distribution at 7km occur, while in the high-shear scenario (hurricane Earl of 2010) RI is led by increased updraught magnitudes of the top 1% of the distribution at 12km. Three-dimensional analyses of individual updraughts relative to their peak altitude enables direct quantification of processes associated with shallow cumuli, cumulus congestus, deep convection failing to penetrate the tropopause, and convective bursts (CBs). Mean profiles for each convective regime reveal positive contributions in certain variables of each updraught variety towards RI with positive diabatic heating, absolute vorticity, and moisture convergence roles. Within the RMW, CBs are shown to be the primary diabatic heating and vertical mass and vapour flux contributors in both simulations, while Ike includes secondary contributions from deep convection and congestus in addition to noteworthy diabatic heating from apparent stratiform processes that act to spin up the mid-level vortex. Inner-core moisture convergence has divided contributions from shallow cumuli, cumulus congestus, and CBs. CBs act to enhance potential vorticity to the greatest amount and over the deepest vertical layer at low levels. The simulation results overwhelmingly support the aggregate importance of vertically developed deep convection and its associated ice processes to the initiation and maintenance of RI.
C1 [Harnos, Daniel S.] NOAA NWS NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Nesbitt, Stephen W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL USA.
RP Harnos, DS (reprint author), NCWCP, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Court,Room 3040, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM daniel.harnos@noaa.gov
FU NASA Hurricane Science Research Project [NNX09AB82G]; NASA ESS
Fellowship [NNX10AP50H]
FX The authors thank Zhuo Wang, Greg McFarquhar, Ryan Sriver, and Brian
Jewett for discussions that improved the quality of this work.
Constructive reviews from Robert Rogers and another anonymous reviewer
are appreciated for further improving this project. DH and SN were
supported by Ramesh Kakar under NASA Hurricane Science Research Project
grant NNX09AB82G; DH was supported by NASA ESS Fellowship NNX10AP50H.
Computing resources were provided by the NASA Center for Climate
Simulation.
NR 58
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 142
IS 697
BP 1832
EP 1846
DI 10.1002/qj.2778
PN B
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DP3LR
UT WOS:000378395500022
ER
PT J
AU Kuchler, N
Turner, DD
Lohnert, U
Crewell, S
AF Kuechler, N.
Turner, D. D.
Loehnert, U.
Crewell, S.
TI Calibrating ground-based microwave radiometers: Uncertainty and drifts
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID-NITROGEN; WATER-VAPOR; PROFILES; ACCURACY; TEMPERATURE; LOADS
AB The quality of microwave radiometer (MWR) calibrations, including both the absolute radiometric accuracy and the spectral consistency, determines the accuracy of geophysical retrievals. The Microwave Radiometer Calibration Experiment (MiRaCalE) was conducted to evaluate the performance of MWR calibration techniques, especially of the so-called Tipping Curve Calibrations (TCC) and Liquid Nitrogen Calibrations (LN2cal), by repeatedly calibrating a fourth-generation Humidity and Temperature Profiler (HATPRO-G4) that measures downwelling radiance between 20 GHz and 60 GHz. MiRaCalE revealed two major points to improve MWR calibrations: (i) the necessary repetition frequency for MWR calibration techniques to correct drifts, which ensures stable long-term measurements; and (ii) the spectral consistency of control measurements of a well known reference is useful to estimate calibration accuracy. Besides, we determined the accuracy of the HATPRO's liquid nitrogen-cooled blackbody's temperature. TCCs and LN2cals were found to agree within 0.5 K when observing the liquid nitrogen-cooled blackbody with a physical temperature of 77 K. This agreement of two different calibration techniques suggests that the brightness temperature of the LN2 cooled blackbody is accurate within at least 0.5 K, which is a significant reduction of the uncertainties that have been assumed to vary between 0.6 K and 1.5 K when calibrating the HATPRO-G4. The error propagation of both techniques was found to behave almost linearly, leading to maximum uncertainties of 0.7 K when observing a scene that is associated with a brightness temperature of 15 K.
C1 [Kuechler, N.; Loehnert, U.; Crewell, S.] Univ Cologne, Inst Geophys & Meteorol, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.
[Turner, D. D.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Forecast Res & Dev Div, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Kuchler, N (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Geophys & Meteorol, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.
EM nkuech@meteo.uni-koeln.de
RI Lohnert, Ulrich/C-3303-2013; Crewell, Susanne/O-1640-2013
OI Lohnert, Ulrich/0000-0002-9023-0269; Crewell,
Susanne/0000-0003-1251-5805
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0008830]
FX MiRaCalE was hosted by the National Severe Storms Laboratory and the
School of Meteorology of the University of Oklahoma in cooperation of
the University of Cologne. Radio sounding data from the Southern Great
Plains was provided by the ARM research facility. We would like to thank
Rainer Haseneder-Lind, Doug Kennedy, and Birger Bohn for their
assistance in the field. We would like to thank also Radiometer Physics
GmbH for technical support. Comments from three anonymous reviewers were
greatly appreciated and improved the quality of this paper. This work
was supported in part by grant DE-SC0008830 from the U.S. Department of
Energy as part of the Atmospheric System Research program. The data used
are not available on the Internet, but free access is possible
contacting nkuech@meteo.uni-koeln.de.
NR 32
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U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
EI 1944-799X
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 51
IS 4
BP 311
EP 327
DI 10.1002/2015RS005826
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA DP0IL
UT WOS:000378173300006
ER
PT J
AU Davis, TW
Gobler, CJ
AF Davis, Timothy W.
Gobler, Christopher J.
TI Preface for Special Issue on "Global expansion of harmful cyanobacterial
blooms: Diversity, ecology, causes, and controls"
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID LAKE-ERIE; EUTROPHICATION; CLIMATE
C1 [Davis, Timothy W.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 South State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Gobler, Christopher J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 239 Montauk Hwy, Southampton, NY 11968 USA.
RP Gobler, CJ (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 239 Montauk Hwy, Southampton, NY 11968 USA.
EM christopher.gobler@stonybrook.edu
NR 23
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U1 2
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 54
SI SI
BP 1
EP 3
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2016.02.003
PG 3
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DN8HK
UT WOS:000377319600001
PM 28073470
ER
PT J
AU Gobler, CJ
Burkholder, JM
Davis, TW
Harke, MJ
Johengen, T
Stow, CA
Van de Waal, DB
AF Gobler, Christopher J.
Burkholder, JoAnn M.
Davis, Timothy W.
Harke, Matthew J.
Johengen, Tom
Stow, Craig A.
Van de Waal, Dedmer B.
TI The dual role of nitrogen supply in controlling the growth and toxicity
of cyanobacterial blooms
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Review
DE Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Cyanobacteria; Microcystis; Diazotrophy; Nutrients
ID WESTERN LAKE-ERIE; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY; MICROCYSTIS-AERUGINOSA
CULTURES; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; FRESH-WATER LAKES; BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE;
PHOSPHORUS LIMITATION; CYLINDROSPERMOPSIS-RACIBORSKII; ORGANIC
PHOSPHORUS; SHALLOW LAKES
AB Historically, phosphorus (P) has been considered the primary limiting nutrient for phytoplankton assemblages in freshwater ecosystems. This review, supported by new findings from Lake Erie, highlights recent molecular, laboratory, and field evidence that the growth and toxicity of some non-diazotrophic blooms of cyanobacteria can be controlled by nitrogen (N). Cyanobacteria such as Microcystis possess physiological adaptations that allow them to dominate low-P surface waters, and in temperate lakes, cyanobacterial densities can be controlled by N availability. Beyond total cyanobacterial biomass, N loading has been shown to selectively promote the abundance of Microcystis and Planktothrix strains capable of synthesizing microcystins over strains that do not possess this ability. Among strains of cyanobacteria capable of synthesizing the N-rich microcystins, cellular toxin quotas have been found to depend upon exogenous N supplies. Herein, multi-year observations from western Lake Erie are presented demonstrating that microcystin concentrations peak in parallel with inorganic N, but not orthophosphate, concentrations and are significantly lower (p < 0.01) during years of reduced inorganic nitrogen loading and concentrations. Collectively, this information underscores the importance of N as well as P in controlling toxic cyanobacteria blooms. Furthermore, it supports the premise that management actions to reduce P in the absence of concurrent restrictions on N loading may not effectively control the growth and/or toxicity of non-diazotrophic toxic cyanobacteria such as the cosmopolitan, toxin-producing genus, Microcystis. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11968 USA.
N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Appl Aquat Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA.
NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Netherlands Inst Ecol NIOO KNAW, Dept Aquat Ecol, POB 50, NL-6700 AB Wageningen, Netherlands.
EM christopher.gobler@stonybrook.edu
RI Van de Waal, Dedmer/B-8002-2012;
OI Van de Waal, Dedmer/0000-0001-8803-1247; KNAW,
NIOO-KNAW/0000-0002-3835-159X
FU Chicago Community Fund grant NOAA-ECOHAB program - National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research [NA10NOS4780140]
FX This work was supported by a Chicago Community Fund grant NOAA-ECOHAB
program being funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research under award no. NA10NOS4780140 to
C.J.G. This is GLERL contribution number 1809 and ECOHAB contribution
number 844.[SS]
NR 157
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 54
SI SI
BP 87
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2016.01.010
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DN8HK
UT WOS:000377319600007
PM 28073483
ER
PT J
AU Visser, PM
Verspagen, JMH
Sandrini, G
Stal, LJ
Matthijs, HCP
Davis, TW
Paerl, HW
Huisman, J
AF Visser, Petra M.
Verspagen, Jolanda M. H.
Sandrini, Giovanni
Stal, Lucas J.
Matthijs, Hans C. P.
Davis, Timothy W.
Paerl, Hans W.
Huisman, Jef
TI How rising CO2 and global warming may stimulate harmful cyanobacterial
blooms
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Review
DE Climate change; Cyanobacteria; Harmful algal blooms; Lakes; Rising CO2;
Temperature
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE SUPERSATURATION; APHANIZOMENON-OVALISPORUM NOSTOCALES;
MICROCYSTIS-AERUGINOSA KUTZ; SYNECHOCOCCUS SP PCC7942; INORGANIC CARBON;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; ELEVATED CO2; CONCENTRATING MECHANISM;
NITROGEN-FIXATION; N-2 FIXATION
AB Climate change is likely to stimulate the development of harmful cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic waters, with negative consequences for water quality of many lakes, reservoirs and brackish ecosystems across the globe. In addition to effects of temperature and eutrophication, recent research has shed new light on the possible implications of rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Depletion of dissolved CO2 by dense cyanobacterial blooms creates a concentration gradient across the air-water interface. A steeper gradient at elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations will lead to a greater influx of CO2, which can be intercepted by surface-dwelling blooms, thus intensifying cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic waters. Bloom-forming cyanobacteria display an unexpected diversity in CO2 responses, because different strains combine their uptake systems for CO2 and bicarbonate in different ways. The genetic composition of cyanobacterial blooms may therefore shift. In particular, strains with high-flux carbon uptake systems may benefit from the anticipated rise in inorganic carbon availability. Increasing temperatures also stimulate cyanobacterial growth. Many bloom-forming cyanobacteria and also green algae have temperature optima above 25 degrees C, often exceeding the temperature optima of diatoms and dinoflagellates. Analysis of published data suggests that the temperature dependence of the growth rate of cyanobacteria exceeds that of green algae. Indirect effects of elevated temperature, like an earlier onset and longer duration of thermal stratification, may also shift the competitive balance in favor of buoyant cyanobacteria while eukaryotic algae are impaired by higher sedimentation losses. Furthermore, cyanobacteria differ from eukaryotic algae in that they can fix dinitrogen, and new insights show that the nitrogen-fixation activity of heterocystous cyanobacteria can be strongly stimulated at elevated temperatures. Models and lake studies indicate that the response of cyanobacterial growth to rising CO2 concentrations and elevated temperatures can be suppressed by nutrient limitation. The greatest response of cyanobacterial blooms to climate change is therefore expected to occur in eutrophic and hypertrophic lakes. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Visser, Petra M.; Verspagen, Jolanda M. H.; Sandrini, Giovanni; Stal, Lucas J.; Matthijs, Hans C. P.; Huisman, Jef] Univ Amsterdam, Dept Aquat Microbiol, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, POB 94248, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Stal, Lucas J.] Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res NIOZ, Dept Marine Microbiol, POB 140, NL-4400 AC Yerseke, Netherlands.
[Davis, Timothy W.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Paerl, Hans W.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, 3431 Arendell St, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
RP Visser, PM (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Dept Aquat Microbiol, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, POB 94248, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands.
EM P.M.Visser@uva.nl
FU Amsterdam Water Science program of the Amsterdam Academic Alliance;
Division of Earth and Life Sciences (ALW) of the Netherlands
Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); US National Science
Foundation [CBET 0826819, 1230543]; Dimensions of Biodiversity [1240851]
FX We thank the two reviewers for their constructive comments. J.M.H.
Verspagen was supported by the Amsterdam Water Science program of the
Amsterdam Academic Alliance; G. Sandrini was supported by the Division
of Earth and Life Sciences (ALW) of the Netherlands Organization for
Scientific Research (NWO); H.W. Paerl was supported by US National
Science Foundation Grants CBET 0826819, 1230543, and Dimensions of
Biodiversity (1240851). We acknowledge the COST Action ES 1105
'CYANO-COST-Cyanobacterial blooms and toxins in water resources:
Occurrence, impacts and management' for the opportunity to exchange
ideas with co-authors and other scientists. This manuscript is
NOAA-GLERL publication number 1802. [SS]
NR 171
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 54
SI SI
BP 145
EP 159
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2015.12.006
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DN8HK
UT WOS:000377319600011
PM 28073473
ER
PT J
AU Stumpf, RP
Davis, TW
Wynne, TT
Graham, JL
Loftin, KA
Johengen, TH
Gossiaux, D
Palladino, D
Burtner, A
AF Stumpf, Richard P.
Davis, Timothy W.
Wynne, Timothy T.
Graham, Jennifer L.
Loftin, Keith A.
Johengen, Thomas H.
Gossiaux, Duane
Palladino, Danna
Burtner, Ashley
TI Challenges for mapping cyanotoxin patterns from remote sensing of
cyanobacteria
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Review
DE Microcystins; Satellite; MERIS; Chlorophyll; Phycocyanin
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; CHLOROPHYLL-A; MICROCYSTIS-AERUGINOSA; COASTAL
WATERS; INLAND WATERS; TIME-SERIES; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; IMAGING
SPECTROMETER; MERIS OBSERVATIONS; NONTOXIC STRAINS
AB Using satellite imagery to quantify the spatial patterns of cyanobacterial toxins has several challenges. These challenges include the need for surrogate pigments - since cyanotoxins cannot be directly detected by remote sensing, the-variability in the relationship between the pigments and cyanotoxins especially microcystins (MC), and the lack of standardization of the various measurement methods. A dual-model strategy can provide an approach to address these challenges. One model uses either chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) or phycocyanin (PC) collected in situ as a surrogate to estimate the MC concentration. The other uses a remote sensing algorithm to estimate the concentration of the surrogate pigment. Where blooms are mixtures of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae, PC should be the preferred surrogate to Chl-a. Where cyanobacteria dominate, Chl-a is a better surrogate than PC for remote sensing. Phycocyanin is less sensitive to detection by optical remote sensing, it is less frequently measured, PC laboratory methods are still not standardized, and PC has greater intracellular variability. Either pigment should not be presumed to have a fixed relationship with MC for any water body. The MC pigment relationship can be valid over weeks, but have considerable intra- and inter-annual variability due to changes in the amount of MC produced relative to cyanobacterial biomass. To detect pigments by satellite, three classes of algorithms (analytic, semi-analytic, and derivative) have been used. Analytical and semi-analytical algorithms are more sensitive but less robust than derivatives because they depend on accurate atmospheric correction; as a result derivatives are more commonly used. Derivatives can estimate Chl-a concentration, and research suggests they can detect and possibly quantify PC. Derivative algorithms, however, need to be standardized in order to evaluate the reproducibility of parameterizations between lakes. A strategy for producing useful estimates of microcystins from cyanobacterial biomass is described, provided cyanotoxin variability is addressed. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Stumpf, Richard P.; Wynne, Timothy T.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Davis, Timothy W.; Gossiaux, Duane] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Graham, Jennifer L.; Loftin, Keith A.] US Geol Survey, Kansas Water Sci Ctr, Lawrence, KS USA.
[Johengen, Thomas H.; Palladino, Danna; Burtner, Ashley] CILER, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
RP Stumpf, RP (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM richard.stumpf@noaa.gov
FU NASA [NNH08ZDA001N, NNH09AL53I, 14-SMDUNSOL14-0001]; U.S. Geological
Survey's Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; Environmental Protection
Agency's Great Lake Research Initiative
FX This work was partially funded by the NASA Public Health and Water
Quality Program (NNH08ZDA001N) under contract NNH09AL53I, the NASA Ocean
Biology and Biochemistry Programs under proposal 14-SMDUNSOL14-0001, the
U.S. Geological Survey's Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, and the
Environmental Protection Agency's Great Lake Research Initiative. This
is NOAA GLERL publication number 1804. Steve Ruberg and the captains and
crew of NOAA GLERL's research vessels provided invaluable support. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The paper
benefitted from the insightful comments of the reviewers.
NR 104
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 54
SI SI
BP 160
EP 173
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2016.01.005
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DN8HK
UT WOS:000377319600012
PM 28073474
ER
PT J
AU Bullerjahn, GS
Mckay, RM
Davis, TW
Baker, DB
Boyer, GL
D'Anglada, LV
Doucette, GJ
Ho, JC
Irwin, EG
Kling, CL
Kudela, RM
Kurmayer, R
Michalak, AM
Ortiz, JD
Otten, TG
Paerl, HW
Qin, BQ
Sohngen, BL
Stumpf, RP
Visser, PM
Wilhelm, SW
AF Bullerjahn, George S.
McKay, Robert M.
Davis, Timothy W.
Baker, David B.
Boyer, Gregory L.
D'Anglada, Lesley V.
Doucette, Gregory J.
Ho, Jeff C.
Irwin, Elena G.
Kling, Catherine L.
Kudela, Raphael M.
Kurmayer, Rainer
Michalak, Anna M.
Ortiz, Joseph D.
Otten, Timothy G.
Paerl, Hans W.
Qin, Boqiang
Sohngen, Brent L.
Stumpf, Richard P.
Visser, Petra M.
Wilhelm, Steven W.
TI Global solutions to regional problems: Collecting global expertise to
address the problem of harmful cyanobacterial blooms. A Lake Erie case
study
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Review
DE Cyanobacteria; CHAB; Lake Erie; Microcystin; Phosphorus; Nitrogen
ID CO2 CONCENTRATING MECHANISMS; WATER-QUALITY; TOXIC CYANOBACTERIA; ALGAL
BLOOMS; AGRICULTURAL PHOSPHORUS; RE-EUTROPHICATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
SHALLOW LAKES; MAUMEE RIVER; GREAT-LAKES
AB In early August 2014, the municipality of Toledo, OH (USA) issued a 'do not drink' advisory on their water supply directly affecting over 400,000 residential customers and hundreds of businesses (Wilson, 2014). This order was attributable to levels of microcystin, a potent liver toxin, which rose to 2.5 mu g L-1 in finished drinking water. The Toledo crisis afforded an opportunity to bring together scientists from around the world to share ideas regarding factors that contribute to bloom formation and toxigenicity, bloom and toxin detection as well as prevention and remediation of bloom events. These discussions took place at an NSF- and NOAA-sponsored workshop at Bowling Green State University on April 13 and 14, 2015. In all, more than 100 attendees from six countries and 15 US states gathered together to share their perspectives. The purpose of this review is to present the consensus summary of these issues that emerged from discussions at the Workshop. As additional reports in this special issue provide detailed reviews on many major CHAB species, this paper focuses on the general themes common to all blooms, such as bloom detection, modeling, nutrient loading, and strategies to reduce nutrients. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bullerjahn, George S.; McKay, Robert M.] Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Life Sci Bldg, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA.
[Davis, Timothy W.] NOAA, GLERL, 4840 South State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Baker, David B.] Heidelberg Univ, Natl Ctr Water Qual Res, Tiffin, OH 44883 USA.
[Boyer, Gregory L.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Chem, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[D'Anglada, Lesley V.] US EPA, Agcy Off Sci & Technol, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Doucette, Gregory J.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Ho, Jeff C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ho, Jeff C.; Michalak, Anna M.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, 260 Panama St, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Irwin, Elena G.; Sohngen, Brent L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Agr Environm & Dev Econ, 2120 Fyffe Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Kling, Catherine L.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Econ, 578 Heady Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Kudela, Raphael M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Kurmayer, Rainer] Univ Innsbruck, Res Inst Limnol, Mondseestr 9, A-5310 Mondsee, Austria.
[Ortiz, Joseph D.] Kent State Univ, Dept Geol, 336 McGilvrey Hall, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
[Otten, Timothy G.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Paerl, Hans W.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, 3431 Arendell St, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
[Qin, Boqiang] Nanjing Inst Geog & Limnol, 73 East Beijing Rd, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.
[Stumpf, Richard P.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, 1305 East West Highway Code N SCI1, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Visser, Petra M.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Dept Aquat Microbiol, POB 94248, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Wilhelm, Steven W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, 1414 West Cumberland Ave, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Bullerjahn, GS (reprint author), Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Life Sci Bldg, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA.
EM bullerj@bgsu.edu
RI Wilhelm, Steven/B-8963-2008
OI Wilhelm, Steven/0000-0001-6283-8077
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-1515671]; NOAA Great Lakes
Environmental Research Laboratory; University of Michigan Water Center;
Office of the Vice President for Research AMP; Economic Development at
Bowling Green State University; Ohio Department of Education
[R/HAB-2-BOR]
FX The CHAB Workshop was supported by the National Science Foundation under
grant no. CBET-1515671 (GSB). Additional support was provided by the
NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, the University of
Michigan Water Center and by the Office of the Vice President for
Research & Economic Development at Bowling Green State University.
Additional research support was provided by Ohio Department of Education
grant R/HAB-2-BOR to GSB, RMM and JDO. GSB, RMM and SWW thank Mr. Jason
Isakovic (Senior Legislative Assistant, office of US Rep. Robert Latta)
for helpful discussions on the legislative process. The authors also
thank the many staff and students at BGSU who provided assistance prior
and during the Workshop.[SS]
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 54
SI SI
BP 223
EP 238
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2016.01.003
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DN8HK
UT WOS:000377319600016
PM 28073479
ER
PT J
AU Ohlberger, J
Scheuerell, MD
Schindler, DE
AF Ohlberger, Jan
Scheuerell, Mark D.
Schindler, Daniel E.
TI Population coherence and environmental impacts across spatial scales: a
case study of Chinook salmon
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE coherence; environment; multivariate analysis; productivity dynamics;
spatial scale
ID NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; DYNAMIC FACTOR-ANALYSIS; SOCKEYE-SALMON; SURVIVAL
RATES; ONCORHYNCHUS SPP.; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TIME-SERIES; PINK SALMON;
COMMON TRENDS; ABUNDANCE
AB A central problem in understanding how species respond to global change is in parsing the effects of local drivers of population dynamics from regional and global drivers that are shared among populations. Management and conservation efforts that typically focus on a particular population would benefit greatly from being able to separate the effects of environmental processes at local, regional, and global scales. One way of addressing this challenge is to integrate data across multiple populations and use multivariate time series approaches to estimate shared and independent components of dynamics among neighboring populations. Here, we use a data set of 15 populations of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) covering a broad geographical range in the eastern North Pacific Ocean to show how Dynamic Factor Analysis (DFA) can be used to estimate temporal coherence in population dynamics and to detect environmental drivers across spatial scales. Our results show that productivity dynamics of Chinook salmon populations strongly covary at the regional scale, but to a lesser degree at larger spatial scales. The timing of river ice break-up in spring was identified as an important driver of regional productivity dynamics. In addition, broad-scale variability in population productivity was linked to the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation, a dominant pattern of sea surface height variability. These broad-scale patterns in productivity dynamics may be associated with recent regime shifts in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. However, our results also demonstrate that populations within regions do not always respond consistently to the same environmental drivers, thus suggesting location-specific impacts. Overall, this study illustrates the use of DFA for quantifying the spatial and temporal complexity of multiple population responses to environmental change, thereby providing insights to processes that affect populations across large geographic areas, but that might be filtered by local habitat conditions.
C1 [Ohlberger, Jan; Schindler, Daniel E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Scheuerell, Mark D.] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Ohlberger, J (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM janohl@uw.edu
RI Scheuerell, Mark/N-6683-2016;
OI Scheuerell, Mark/0000-0002-8284-1254; Ohlberger, Jan/0000-0001-6795-240X
FU Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon Initiative
FX We thank S. Fleischman and M. Catalano for providing run reconstructions
of spawning escapement and recruitment for the populations used in this
analysis. We also thank K. Myers and M. Bradford who provided additional
time series data on environmental indicators, and M. Stachura for
helpful discussions. Input from S. Fleischman, R. Clark, E. Volk, and J.
Linderman from the Alaska Department of Fish and Game was invaluable to
this project. This work was funded by the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim
Sustainable Salmon Initiative, and we thank J. Spaeder for his insights
on this effort.
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U1 8
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 4
AR e01333
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1333
PG 14
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DN6VA
UT WOS:000377213400016
ER
PT J
AU Ruzicka, JJ
Daly, EA
Brodeur, RD
AF Ruzicka, James J.
Daly, Elizabeth A.
Brodeur, Richard D.
TI Evidence that summer jellyfish blooms impact Pacific Northwest salmon
production
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Chinook salmon; Chrysaora fuscescens; coho salmon; Columbia River;
competition; ecosystem model; food web; jellyfish; Northern California
Current; Oncorhynchus kisutch; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; sea nettles
ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CURRENT; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; EARLY MARINE
RESIDENCE; SPRING CHINOOK SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; SURFACE WATERS;
OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS; CHRYSAORA-FUSCESCENS; CURRENT ECOSYSTEM;
SPATIAL OVERLAP
AB Interannual variability in salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) production in the northeast Pacific is understood to be driven by oceanographic variability and bottom-up processes affecting prey availability to juvenile salmon. Scyphozoan jellyfish have an important role in shaping the pathways of energy flow through pelagic food webs. While jellyfish obtain high production rates and biomasses as major consumers of zooplankton production, they have few predators and may divert plankton production away from higher trophic levels. Although jellyfish are planktivorous and juvenile coho (O. kisutch) and Chinook (O. tshawytscha) salmon are mainly piscivorous, they may be indirect competitors for plankton production. Ecosystem model simulations suggested that among all trophic interactions within the Pacific Northwest coastal food web, juvenile salmon are particularly sensitive to jellyfish blooms, and that salmon production will be suppressed in years of high summer jellyfish biomass. Pelagic surveys off Oregon and Washington (1999-2012) were used to examine the interannual relationship between salmon production and the dominant jellyfish species, the sea nettle Chrysaora fuscescens, off the Pacific Northwest coast. There was a significant, negative correlation between sea nettle biomass and the strength of adult coho and Chinook salmon returns to the Columbia River. Examination of spatial distributions across years showed a positive association between sea nettles and salmon. Within individual years, significant differences between the distribution of sea nettles and yearling coho and Chinook salmon generally occurred during cooler ocean summers, perhaps due to the greater expanse of optimal salmon habitat resulting from more upwelling. Whether the association is behavioral or a product of oceanographic processes, association enhances the opportunity for indirect competition. Examination of feeding incidence in September showed that salmon stomachs were less full at locations with higher sea nettle biomass.
C1 [Ruzicka, James J.; Daly, Elizabeth A.] Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97366 USA.
[Brodeur, Richard D.] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr,Natl Marine Fisheries, Newport, OR 97366 USA.
RP Ruzicka, JJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97366 USA.
EM jim.ruzicka@oregonstate.edu
FU Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) [00053808]; North Pacific Research
Board [F6405-03, P1405]; Lenfest Ocean Program from the Pew Charitable
Trusts [00025535]
FX We thank P. Lawson (NWFSC), C. Rice (NWFSC), K. Robinson (OSU), L.
Weitkamp (NWFSC), and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on
earlier versions of this manuscript. S. Ruzicka (USDAFS) created the
maps. Support for this research came from the Bonneville Power
Administration (BPA Contract No. 00053808 to Oregon State University and
to NOAA), from the North Pacific Research Board to J. Ruzicka (F6405-03)
and R. Brodeur (P1405), and from the Lenfest Ocean Program (Grant No.
00025535) from the Pew Charitable Trusts.
NR 60
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Z9 2
U1 16
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 4
AR e01324
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1324
PG 22
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DN6VA
UT WOS:000377213400013
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, S
Zwiers, F
Dirmeyer, PA
Lawrence, DM
Shrestha, R
Werner, AT
AF Kumar, Sanjiv
Zwiers, Francis
Dirmeyer, Paul A.
Lawrence, David M.
Shrestha, Rajesh
Werner, Arelia T.
TI Terrestrial contribution to the heterogeneity in hydrological changes
under global warming
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID MEAN ANNUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; NORTH-AMERICAN CLIMATE; LONG-TERM
PERSISTENCE; BUDYKO FRAMEWORK; UNITED-STATES; PRECIPITATION TRENDS;
WATER AVAILABILITY; STREAMFLOW TRENDS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; RUNOFF
AB This study investigates a physical basis for heterogeneity in hydrological changes, which suggests a greater detectability in wet than dry regions. Wet regions are those where atmospheric demand is less than precipitation (energy limited), and dry regions are those where atmospheric demand is greater than precipitation (water limited). Long-term streamflow trends in western North America and an analysis of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) climate models at global scales show geographically heterogeneous detectability of hydrological changes. We apply the Budyko framework and state-of-the-art climate model data from CMIP5 to quantify the sensitivity and detectability of terrestrial hydrological changes. The Budyko framework quantifies the partitioning of precipitation into evapotranspiration and runoff components. We find that the terrestrial hydrological sensitivity is 3 times greater in regions where the hydrological cycle is energy limited rather than water limited. This additional source (the terrestrial part) contributes to 30-40% greater detectability in energy-limited regions. We also quantified the contribution of changes in the catchment efficiency parameter that oppose the effects of increasing evaporative demand in global warming scenarios. Incorporating changes to the catchment efficiency parameter in the Budyko framework reduces dry biases in global runoff change projections by 88% in the 21st century.
C1 [Kumar, Sanjiv; Zwiers, Francis; Shrestha, Rajesh; Werner, Arelia T.] Univ Victoria, Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Kumar, Sanjiv] NOAA, ESRL Phys Sci Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Dirmeyer, Paul A.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Lawrence, David M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Kumar, S (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium, Victoria, BC, Canada.; Kumar, S (reprint author), NOAA, ESRL Phys Sci Div, Boulder, CO USA.
EM Sanjiv.Kumar@noaa.gov
FU NSERC Canadian Sea Ice and snow Evaluation (CanSISE) Network
FX S.K. and F.Z. were supported by NSERC Canadian Sea Ice and snow
Evaluation (CanSISE) Network. The first author thanks Markus Schnorbus
and Faron Anslow (both from PCIC) for providing hydrology data for
watersheds in British Columbia. The first author also thanks Justin
Sheffield (Princeton University) for providing Princeton Hydrology data.
We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on
Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the
climate modeling groups (listed in supporting information Table S1) for
producing and making available their model output. CMIP5 climate model
data were obtained from following website:
https://pcmdi9.llnl.gov/projects/esgf-llnl/. Streamflow data were
obtained from United States Geological Survey
(http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv/?referred_module=sw) and Environment
Canada HYDAT database
(https://ec.gc.ca/rhc-wsc/default.asp?lang=En&n=9018B5EC-1) for western
United States and Western Canada, respectively. High-resolution PRISM
climate data were provided by PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State
University, http://prism.oregonstate.edu, created 4 February 2004. We
also thank Michael L. Roderick and one anonymous reviewer for their
constructive comments on earlier versions of this manuscript.
NR 70
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 12
U2 18
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 3127
EP 3142
DI 10.1002/2016WR018607
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA DN9XA
UT WOS:000377432800044
ER
PT J
AU Bert, TM
Geiger, SP
Gerhart, SD
Mccarthy, KJ
AF Bert, Theresa M.
Geiger, Stephen P.
Gerhart, Susan D.
Mccarthy, Kevin J.
TI FACTORS INFLUENCING REPRODUCTIVE ATTRIBUTES OF STONE CRABS (MENIPPE) IN
TAMPA BAY, FLORIDA
SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE clutch size; egg size; egg weight; fishery; Florida; Gulf of Mexico;
Menippe; missing appendage; Octolasmis mulleri; reproduction; stone
crab; temperature
ID HELICE-CRASSA GRAPSIDAE; FRESH-WATER CRAYFISH; GULF-OF-MEXICO; EGG SIZE;
CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; BRACHYURAN CRABS; BLUE-CRAB; CHIONOECETES-OPILIO;
MERCENARIA SAY; MUD CRAB
AB Understanding aspects of reproduction is important for studies of life history strategy and for resource management. The influences of nine factors (five intrinsic, four extrinsic) on the reproductive attributes egg diameter, egg dry weight, and clutch size (i.e., number of eggs in egg mass) of female stone crabs (genus Menippe (Say)) from Tampa Bay, FL, waters were investigated. Two intrinsic factors influenced reproductive attributes: carapace width was positively correlated with clutch size, and egg stage was positively related to egg size. Three intrinsic factors-genotype class, damaged or missing pleopods, and missing claws or legs-had no influence on any reproductive attribute. The four extrinsic factors each influenced at least two reproductive attributes. Egg diameter and weight were significantly larger and clutch size was significantly smaller (1) in females uninfested by Octolasmis mulleri; (2) during the early part of the spawning season, when water temperature was 27 degrees C or less; and (3) during the first year of the 3-y study. In addition, egg diameter varied significantly among season/year combinations. In all cases, when egg diameter and weight decreased, clutch size increased; suggesting that, in female stone crabs, selection for filling the available abdominal space with eggs is strong. Large eggs are known to produce larvae of high fitness in crabs. Because the largest eggs are produced during the early part of the spawning season, females should be protected from harvest during that time. Shortening the harvest season in spring would eliminate those females from vulnerability to the fishery.
C1 [Bert, Theresa M.; Geiger, Stephen P.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 100 Eighth Ave SE, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Gerhart, Susan D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Reg Off, 263 13th Ave South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Mccarthy, Kevin J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 75 Virginia Beach Dr, Key Biscayne, FL 33149 USA.
RP Bert, TM (reprint author), Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 100 Eighth Ave SE, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM theresa.bert@myfwc.com
FU Department of Commerce; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;
Interjurisdictional Fisheries grants; state of Florida
FX We are grateful to numerous Fish and Wildlife Research Institute staff
members who helped with the field work; and to T. Jones, who assisted
with the laboratory work involved in analyzing the reproductive
attributes. We thank Z. Boudreau, C. Crowley, R. Gandy, and D. Wilber
for providing valuable reviews of the manuscript. This work was
supported by Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Interjurisdictional Fisheries grants and by the state of
Florida.
NR 106
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 7
PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC
PI GROTON
PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD,
GROTON, CT 06340 USA
SN 0730-8000
EI 1943-6319
J9 J SHELLFISH RES
JI J. Shellfish Res.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 1
BP 241
EP 257
DI 10.2983/035.035.0127
PG 17
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DN0HA
UT WOS:000376743800027
ER
PT J
AU Ryer, CH
Ottmar, M
Spencer, M
Anderson, JD
Cooper, D
AF Ryer, Clifford H.
Ottmar, Michele
Spencer, Mara
Anderson, Janet Duffy
Cooper, Daniel
TI TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT GROWTH OF EARLY JUVENILE SOUTHERN TANNER CRAB
CHIONOECETES BAIRDI: IMPLICATIONS FOR COLD POOL EFFECTS AND CLIMATE
CHANGE IN THE SOUTHEASTERN BERING SEA
SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE temperature-dependent growth; survival; recruitment; intermolt period;
Chionoecetes bairdi; crab
ID RED KING CRAB; CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; BLUE-CRAB; OPILIO; RECRUITMENT;
SIZE; ECOSYSTEM; DYNAMICS; ALASKAN; MOLT
AB Temperature strongly influences the growth of crustaceans and directly controls distribution. Despite being commercially important, there are no data on temperature effects upon growth in newly settled southern Tanner crab Chionoecetes bairdi. Recently settled crabs were reared through three consecutive molts, both individually and in groups, at four different temperatures; 2 degrees C, 6 degrees C, 9 degrees C, and 12 degrees C. Survival was higher for crabs grown individually (92%) than those in groups (66%) owing to cannibalism, particularly during molting. There were no temperature effects on survival. Growth rate (mm/day) increased linearly with temperature, a product of exponential decline in intermolt period with increasing temperature and a molt increment that was relatively constant across temperatures. Growth rate, intermolt period, and growth increment did not differ between crabs grown singly or in groups. These data suggest that growth in 0 y aged southern Tanner crabs is strongly inhibited at temperatures less than 2 degrees C. A small mesh beam trawl survey was conducted in the southeast Bering Sea during September 2012, a year when a cold pool (<2 degrees C bottom water) dominated the middle shelf. Southern Tanner crab less than 12mm(carapace width) were concentrated just north of the Alaska Peninsula and along the outer shelf where bottom water was more than 2 degrees C, but largely absent from the middle shelf. In contrast, adult southern Tanner crabs were widely distributed across the middle and outer shelves. It was hypothesized that early juvenile southern Tanner growth is inhibited by cold pool conditions, prolonging vulnerability to predation, and reducing survival. In the future, if sea temperature rises and sea ice is diminished, less frequent and less intense cold pool events may lead to increased persistence of thermally suitable juvenile southern Tanner crab habitat across the southeastern Bering Sea middle shelf region.
C1 [Ryer, Clifford H.; Ottmar, Michele; Spencer, Mara] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, RACE Div,Natl Marine Fisheries Serv,Alaska Fisher, 2030 Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Anderson, Janet Duffy; Cooper, Daniel] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Recruitment Proc Program, RACE Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Ryer, CH (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, RACE Div,Natl Marine Fisheries Serv,Alaska Fisher, 2030 Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM cliff.ryer@noaa.gov
FU Essential Fish Habitat grant from the Alaska Fisheries Science Center's
Regional Habitat Division
FX We would like to thank Paul Iseri and Scott Haines for assistance with
the laboratory experiments, as well as Ben Laurel and Brian Knoth for
assistance with live collections. Cynthia Sweitzer provided help with
procurement of permits and assisted with manuscript preparation. Helpful
comments on an early manuscript were provided by Dan Urban and Ben Daly.
This research was funded in part by an Essential Fish Habitat grant from
the Alaska Fisheries Science Center's Regional Habitat Division.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 14
PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC
PI GROTON
PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD,
GROTON, CT 06340 USA
SN 0730-8000
EI 1943-6319
J9 J SHELLFISH RES
JI J. Shellfish Res.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 1
BP 259
EP 267
DI 10.2983/035.035.0128
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DN0HA
UT WOS:000376743800028
ER
PT J
AU Suarez-Moo, PD
Gilbert-Horvath, EA
Vadopalas, B
Calderon-Aguilera, LE
Garza, JC
Rocha-Olivares, A
AF de Jesus Suarez-Moo, Pablo
Gilbert-Horvath, Elizabeth A.
Vadopalas, Brent
Eduardo Calderon-Aguilera, Luis
Carlos Garza, John
Rocha-Olivares, Axayacatl
TI Genetic homogeneity of the geoduck clam Panopea generosa in the
northeast Pacific
SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Panopea generosa; Mitochondrial genes; Microsatellite loci; Genetic
homogeneity; Washington; Baja California
ID TETRANUCLEOTIDE MICROSATELLITE LOCI; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; STRONGYLOCENTROTUS-FRANCISCANUS; BAJA-CALIFORNIA;
SOFTWARE; ABRUPTA; CIRCULATION; PATCHINESS; SEQUENCES
AB Geoduck clams are a valuable natural resource along the northeast Pacific, which makes the assessment of the biological and genetic status of their populations a key element to provide a basis for their proper management and conservation. In the present study, we assess the genetic variability and connectivity of Panopea generosa Gould, 1850 among four localities in the northeast Pacific using mitochondrial (DNA sequences from COI and COIII) and nuclear (five microsatellite loci) data. We found no evidence of genetic differentiation among localities encompassing scales of 100s to 1000s of kilometers along the northeast Pacific, which is consistent with a large effective population size and extensive gene flow in the absence of significant barriers acting on the larval stages. Our genetic findings and phenotypic evidence are consistent with the existence of a single management unit shared by Canada, the United States and Mexico, but further studies with increased geographic and genetic sampling are warranted to better estimate the extent and direction of gene flow to help in international management and conservation measures of this valuable resource. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [de Jesus Suarez-Moo, Pablo; Rocha-Olivares, Axayacatl] CICESE, Dept Biol Oceanog, Mol Ecol Lab, Carretera Ensenada Tijuana 3918, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico.
[Gilbert-Horvath, Elizabeth A.; Carlos Garza, John] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Vadopalas, Brent] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, 1122 NE Boat St,Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Eduardo Calderon-Aguilera, Luis] CICESE, Dept Marine Ecol, Fisheries & Coastal Ecol Lab, Carretera Ensenada Tijuana 3918, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico.
RP Rocha-Olivares, A (reprint author), CICESE, Dept Biol Oceanog, Mol Ecol Lab, Carretera Ensenada Tijuana 3918, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico.
EM arocha@cicese.mx
RI Calderon-Aguilera, Luis Eduardo/E-1522-2015;
OI Calderon-Aguilera, Luis Eduardo/0000-0001-5427-6043; Rocha-Olivares,
Axayacatl/0000-0002-2700-9086
FU CICESE [625112]
FX We thank Alex Bradbury, Robert Sizemore, Don Rothaus, and Michael Ulrich
of the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (a.k.a. The Fab Four)
and Victor M. Moreno Rivera for help in sample collection and
processing. Vanessa Apkenas assisted with the genotyping of samples in
the laboratory. This research was supported by CICESE grant 625112 to
A.R.O.
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1978
EI 1873-2925
J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL
JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 65
BP 66
EP 71
DI 10.1016/j.bse.2016.02.003
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA DK0JN
UT WOS:000374599200009
ER
PT J
AU Carter, BR
Frolicher, TL
Dunne, JP
Rodgers, KB
Slater, RD
Sarmiento, JL
AF Carter, B. R.
Frolicher, T. L.
Dunne, J. P.
Rodgers, K. B.
Slater, R. D.
Sarmiento, J. L.
TI When can ocean acidification impacts be detected from decadal alkalinity
measurements?
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE alkalinity; ocean acidification; trend detection; repeat hydrography;
carbon cycle; carbonate system
ID LINE SIMULATION CHARACTERISTICS; CLIMATE; 21ST-CENTURY; VARIABILITY;
FORMULATION; EMERGENCE; MODELS; CYCLE; TIME
AB We use a large initial condition suite of simulations (30 runs) with an Earth system model to assess the detectability of biogeochemical impacts of ocean acidification (OA) on the marine alkalinity distribution from decadally repeated hydrographic measurements such as those produced by the Global Ship-Based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP). Detection of these impacts is complicated by alkalinity changes from variability and long-term trends in freshwater and organic matter cycling and ocean circulation. In our ensemble simulation, variability in freshwater cycling generates large changes in alkalinity that obscure the changes of interest and prevent the attribution of observed alkalinity redistribution to OA. These complications from freshwater cycling can be mostly avoided through salinity normalization of alkalinity. With the salinity-normalized alkalinity, modeled OA impacts are broadly detectable in the surface of the subtropical gyres by 2030. Discrepancies between this finding and the finding of an earlier analysis suggest that these estimates are strongly sensitive to the patterns of calcium carbonate export simulated by the model. OA impacts are detectable later in the subpolar and equatorial regions due to slower responses of alkalinity to OA in these regions and greater seasonal equatorial alkalinity variability. OA impacts are detectable later at depth despite lower variability due to smaller rates of change and consistent measurement uncertainty.
C1 [Carter, B. R.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Carter, B. R.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Frolicher, T. L.] ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Environm Phys, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Dunne, J. P.] Princeton Univ, NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Rodgers, K. B.; Slater, R. D.; Sarmiento, J. L.] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Carter, BR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Carter, BR (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM brendan.carter@noaa.gov
RI Frolicher, Thomas/E-5137-2015
OI Frolicher, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7854
FU Climate Observation Division of the NOAA Climate Program Office; U.S.
National Science Foundation [ANT-1040957]; Carbon Data Management and
Synthesis NOAA grant [N8R1SE3-PGC]; SNSF [PZ00P2_142573]; NOAA Office of
Climate Observations (OCO) [NA17RJ2612, NA08OAR4320752]; NOAA
[NA11OAR4310066]
FX We thank Swarthmore undergraduate researcher Jeong Do Ahn for his
helpful explorations of carbonate cycling in ESM2M. Anonymous reviewers
provided appreciated helpful feedback on the manuscript content and
presentation. We are grateful to Kathy Tedesco of the Climate
Observation Division of the NOAA Climate Program Office for funding for
this research. B.R.C. was supported by the U.S. National Science
Foundation (ANT-1040957) and the Carbon Data Management and Synthesis
NOAA grant (N8R1SE3-PGC). T.L.F. acknowledges financial support from the
SNSF (Ambizione grant PZ00P2_142573). The contribution of KBR came
through awards NA17RJ2612 and NA08OAR4320752, which includes support
through the NOAA Office of Climate Observations (OCO), and NOAA award
NA11OAR4310066. ESM2M data output can be obtained from the Coupled Model
Intercomparison Project data portal
(http://cmippcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/data_portal.html), and the processed
ensemble model output required to reproduce our figures is included as
supporting information. This is PMEL contribution 4392 and JISAO
contribution 2504.
NR 45
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Z9 1
U1 6
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 4
BP 595
EP 612
DI 10.1002/2015GB005308
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA DM3SY
UT WOS:000376268000004
ER
PT J
AU Scott, JD
Alexander, MA
Murray, DR
Swales, D
Eischeid, J
AF Scott, James D.
Alexander, Michael A.
Murray, Donald R.
Swales, Dustin
Eischeid, Jon
TI THE CLIMATE CHANGE WEB PORTAL A System to Access and Display Climate and
Earth System Model Output from the CMIP5 Archive
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Scott, James D.; Murray, Donald R.; Swales, Dustin; Eischeid, Jon] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Scott, James D.; Alexander, Michael A.; Murray, Donald R.; Swales, Dustin; Eischeid, Jon] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Scott, JD (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, R PSD1, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM james.d.scott@noaa.gov
RI Alexander, Michael/A-7097-2013
OI Alexander, Michael/0000-0001-9646-6427
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 4
BP 523
EP 530
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00035.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL9HE
UT WOS:000375951600003
ER
PT J
AU Clifford, D
Alegre, R
Bennett, V
Blower, J
Deluca, C
Kershaw, P
Lynnes, C
Mattmann, C
Phipps, R
Rozum, I
AF Clifford, Debbie
Alegre, Raquel
Bennett, Victoria
Blower, Jon
Deluca, Cecelia
Kershaw, Philip
Lynnes, Christopher
Mattmann, Chris
Phipps, Rhona
Rozum, Iryna
TI Capturing and Sharing Our Collective Expertise on Climate Data The
CHARMe Project
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Clifford, Debbie; Blower, Jon; Phipps, Rhona] Univ Reading, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England.
[Alegre, Raquel] UCL, London, England.
[Bennett, Victoria; Kershaw, Philip] Sci & Technol Facil Council, Swindon, Wilts, England.
[Deluca, Cecelia] NOAA, NESII, CIRES, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Lynnes, Christopher] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Mattmann, Chris] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Rozum, Iryna] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Pk, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
RP Clifford, D (reprint author), Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England.
EM d.j.clifford@reading.ac.uk
OI Kershaw, Philip/0000-0002-7646-291X
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 4
BP 531
EP 539
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00189.1
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL9HE
UT WOS:000375951600004
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, J
Howard, K
Langston, C
Kaney, B
Qi, YC
Tang, L
Grams, H
Wang, YD
Cocks, S
Martinaitis, S
Arthur, A
Cooper, K
Brogden, J
Kitzmiller, D
AF Zhang, Jian
Howard, Kenneth
Langston, Carrie
Kaney, Brian
Qi, Youcun
Tang, Lin
Grams, Heather
Wang, Yadong
Cocks, Stephen
Martinaitis, Steven
Arthur, Ami
Cooper, Karen
Brogden, Jeff
Kitzmiller, David
TI MULTI-RADAR MULTI-SENSOR (MRMS) QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION ESTIMATION
Initial Operating Capabilities
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID REAL-TIME ALGORITHM; UNITED-STATES; BEAM BLOCKAGE; NETWORK; SYSTEM;
RAIN; CLASSIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; TERRAIN; QPES
C1 [Zhang, Jian; Howard, Kenneth; Langston, Carrie; Kaney, Brian; Qi, Youcun; Tang, Lin; Grams, Heather; Wang, Yadong; Cocks, Stephen; Martinaitis, Steven; Arthur, Ami; Cooper, Karen; Brogden, Jeff] NOAA OAR NSSL, Norman, OK USA.
[Langston, Carrie; Kaney, Brian; Qi, Youcun; Tang, Lin; Grams, Heather; Wang, Yadong; Cocks, Stephen; Martinaitis, Steven; Arthur, Ami; Cooper, Karen; Brogden, Jeff] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Kitzmiller, David] NOAA NWS OHD, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Zhang, J (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, NSSL, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM jian.zhang@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); American
Institute in Taiwan (AIT); NOAA; Salt River Project; NOAA-University of
Oklahoma [NA17RJ1227, NA13OAR4830236]; NOAA Integrated Dissemination
Program; National Weather Service's Office of Science and Technology
program
FX Major funding for this research was provided under the agreement between
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the
American Institute in Taiwan (AIT) and the agreement between NOAA and
the Salt River Project. Partial funding was provided under
NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreements NA17RJ1227 and
NA13OAR4830236. The NOAA Integrated Dissemination Program and the
National Weather Service's Office of Science and Technology program
provided additional support and computational resources.
NR 48
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 4
BP 621
EP 637
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00174.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL9HE
UT WOS:000375951600011
ER
PT J
AU Goessling, HF
Jung, T
Klebe, S
Baeseman, J
Bauer, P
Chen, P
Chevallier, M
Dole, R
Gordon, N
Ruti, P
Bradley, A
Bromwich, DH
Casati, B
Chechin, D
Day, JJ
Massonnet, F
Mills, B
Renfrew, I
Smith, G
Tatusko, R
AF Goessling, Helge F.
Jung, Thomas
Klebe, Stefanie
Baeseman, Jenny
Bauer, Peter
Chen, Peter
Chevallier, Matthieu
Dole, Randall
Gordon, Neil
Ruti, Paolo
Bradley, Alice
Bromwich, David H.
Casati, Barbara
Chechin, Dmitry
Day, Jonathan J.
Massonnet, Francois
Mills, Brian
Renfrew, Ian
Smith, Gregory
Tatusko, Renee
TI PAVING THE WAY FOR THE YEAR OF POLAR PREDICTION
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Goessling, Helge F.; Jung, Thomas; Klebe, Stefanie] Alfred Wegener Inst, Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Jung, Thomas] Univ Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Baeseman, Jenny] Sci Comm Antarctic Res, Cambridge, England.
[Baeseman, Jenny] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Bauer, Peter] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Pk, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
[Chevallier, Matthieu] CNRS UMR 3589, CNRM, Meteo France, Toulouse, France.
[Dole, Randall] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Ruti, Paolo] World Meteorol Org, Geneva, Switzerland.
[Bradley, Alice] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bromwich, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar & Climate Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Casati, Barbara; Mills, Brian; Smith, Gregory] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Meteorol Res Div, Dorval, PQ, Canada.
[Chechin, Dmitry] Russian Acad Sci, AM Obukhov Inst Atmospher Phys, Moscow, Russia.
[Day, Jonathan J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, NCAS Climate, Reading, Berks, England.
[Massonnet, Francois] Catholic Univ Louvain, Georges Lematre Ctr Earth & Climate Res, Earth & Life Inst, Louvain La Neuve, Belgium.
[Massonnet, Francois] Catalan Inst Climate Sci, Climate Forecasting Unit, Barcelona, Spain.
[Renfrew, Ian] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Tatusko, Renee] Natl Weather Serv, NOAA, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Goessling, HF (reprint author), Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, Bussestr 24, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
EM helge.goessling@awi.de
RI Jung, Thomas/J-5239-2012; Chechin, Dmitry/J-9923-2016; Renfrew,
Ian/E-4057-2010;
OI Jung, Thomas/0000-0002-2651-1293; Chechin, Dmitry/0000-0003-0021-9945;
Renfrew, Ian/0000-0001-9379-8215; Massonnet,
Francois/0000-0002-4697-5781; Chevallier, Matthieu/0000-0003-2033-166X
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 4
BP ES85
EP ES88
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00270.1
PG 4
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL9HE
UT WOS:000375951600001
ER
PT J
AU Faverzani, M
Becker, D
Bennett, D
Day, P
Falferi, P
Ferri, E
Fowler, J
Gard, J
Giachero, A
Giordano, C
Hays-Wehle, J
Hilton, G
Maino, M
Margesin, B
Mates, J
Mezzena, R
Nizzolo, R
Nucciotti, A
Puiu, A
Reintsema, C
Schmidt, D
Swetz, D
Ullom, J
Vale, L
Zanetti, L
AF Faverzani, M.
Becker, D.
Bennett, D.
Day, P.
Falferi, P.
Ferri, E.
Fowler, J.
Gard, J.
Giachero, A.
Giordano, C.
Hays-Wehle, J.
Hilton, G.
Maino, M.
Margesin, B.
Mates, J.
Mezzena, R.
Nizzolo, R.
Nucciotti, A.
Puiu, A.
Reintsema, C.
Schmidt, D.
Swetz, D.
Ullom, J.
Vale, L.
Zanetti, L.
TI Superconducting Detectors for Neutrino Mass Measurement
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Holmium 163; kinetic inductance detectors; neutrino mass; transition
edge sensors
ID ELECTRON-CAPTURE; SEARCH; DECAY
AB Assessing the absolute neutrino mass scale is one of the major challenges in particle physics and astrophysics nowadays. A powerful tool to directly estimate the effective electron neutrino mass consists in the calorimetric measurement of the energy released within a nu cl ear bet a decay. The progresses made over the last few decades on low-temperature detector technologies have permitted to design experiments with expected sensitivities on the neutrino mass below 1 eV/c(2) with the calorimetric approach. Despite the remarkable performances in both energy (similar to eV at keV) and time resolutions (similar to 1 mu s) on the single channel, a large number of detectors working in parallel is required to reach a sub-eV sensitivity. Microwave frequency-domain readout provides a powerful technique to read out large arrays of low-temperature detectors, such as transition edge sensors (TESs) or microwave kinetic inductanced etectors (MKIDs). In this way, the multiplex factor is only limited by the bandwidth of the available commercial fast digitizers. The microwave multiplexing system will be used to readout the TES array of the HOLMES experiment, which is made of 1000 Ho-163-implanted microcalorimeters. HOLMES is a new experiment that aims to measure the electron neutrino mass by means of the electron capture decay of Ho-163 with an expected sensitivity of the order of the eV/c(2).
C1 [Faverzani, M.; Ferri, E.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Nizzolo, R.; Nucciotti, A.; Puiu, A.; Zanetti, L.] Univ Milano Bicocca, I-20126 Milan, Italy.
[Faverzani, M.; Ferri, E.; Giachero, A.; Maino, M.; Nizzolo, R.; Nucciotti, A.; Puiu, A.; Zanetti, L.] INFN Milano Bicocca, I-20126 Milan, Italy.
[Becker, D.; Bennett, D.; Fowler, J.; Gard, J.; Hays-Wehle, J.; Hilton, G.; Mates, J.; Reintsema, C.; Schmidt, D.; Swetz, D.; Ullom, J.; Vale, L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Day, P.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Day, P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Falferi, P.] CNR Fdn Bruno Kessler, Ist Foton & Nanotecnol, I-38122 Trento, Trento, Italy.
[Giordano, C.; Margesin, B.] Fdn Bruno Kessler, I-38122 Trento, Trento, Italy.
[Mezzena, R.] Univ Trento, I-38122 Trento, Trento, Italy.
RP Faverzani, M (reprint author), Univ Milano Bicocca, I-20126 Milan, Italy.; Faverzani, M (reprint author), INFN Milano Bicocca, I-20126 Milan, Italy.
EM marco.faverzani@mib.infn.it; dan.becker@nist.gov;
douglas.bennet@nist.gov; peter.k.day@jpl.nasa.gov; falferi@fbk.eu;
elena.ferri@mib.infn.it; joe.fowler@nist.gov; johnathon.gard@nist.gov;
andrea.giachero@mib.infn.it; cgiordano@fbk.eu;
james.hays-wehle@nist.gov; gene.hilton@nist.gov;
matteo.maino@mib.infn.it; margesin@fbk.eu; john.mates@nist.gov;
mezzena@science.unitn.it; riccardo.nizzolo@mib.infn.it;
angelo.nucciotti@mib.infn.it; andrei.puiu@mib.infn.it;
carl.reintsema@nist.gov; dan.schmidt@nist.gov; daniel.swetz@nist.gov;
ullom@boulder.nist.gov; leila.vale@nist.gov; lorenzo.zanetti@mib.infn.it
RI Giachero, Andrea/I-1081-2013; Ferri, Elena/L-8531-2014
OI Giachero, Andrea/0000-0003-0493-695X; Ferri, Elena/0000-0003-1425-3669
FU Fondazione Cariplo through the project "Development of Microresonator
Detectors for Neutrino Physics" [2010-2351]
FX The work on microwave kinetic inductance detectors was supported by the
Fondazione Cariplo through the project "Development of Microresonator
Detectors for Neutrino Physics" under Grant 2010-2351. (Corresponding
author : M. Faverzani.)
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1051-8223
EI 1558-2515
J9 IEEE T APPL SUPERCON
JI IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 3
AR 2100204
DI 10.1109/TASC.2016.2540242
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA DM2PR
UT WOS:000376189300001
ER
PT J
AU Hao, ZC
Hao, FH
Xia, YL
Singh, VP
Hong, Y
Shen, XY
Ouyang, W
AF Hao, Zengchao
Hao, Fanghua
Xia, Youlong
Singh, Vijay P.
Hong, Yang
Shen, Xinyi
Ouyang, Wei
TI A Statistical Method for Categorical Drought Prediction Based on NLDAS-2
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AMERICAN MULTIMODEL ENSEMBLE; UNITED-STATES; METEOROLOGICAL DROUGHT;
SEASONAL PREDICTION; MODEL; INDEX; INFORMATION; REGRESSION; FORECASTS;
MONITOR
AB Drought is a slowly varying natural phenomenon and may have wide impacts on a range of sectors. Tremendous efforts have therefore been devoted to drought monitoring and prediction to reduce potential impacts of drought. Reliable drought prediction is critically important to provide information ahead of time for early warning to facilitate drought-preparedness plans. The U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) is a composite drought product that depicts drought conditions in categorical forms, and it has been widely used to track drought and its impacts for operational and research purposes. The USDM is an assessment of drought condition but does not provide drought prediction information. Given the wide application of USDM, drought prediction in a categorical form similar to that of USDM would be of considerable importance, but it has not been explored thus far. This study proposes a statistical method for categorical drought prediction by integrating the USDM drought category as an initial condition with drought information from other sources such as drought indices from land surface simulation or statistical prediction. Incorporating USDM drought categories and drought indices from phase 2 of the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS-2), the proposed method is tested in Texas for 2001-14. Results show satisfactory performance of the proposed method for categorical drought prediction, which provides useful information to aid early warning for drought-preparedness plans.
C1 [Hao, Zengchao; Hao, Fanghua; Ouyang, Wei] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, Green Dev Inst, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Xia, Youlong] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Xia, Youlong] IM Syst Grp, College Pk, MD USA.
[Singh, Vijay P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA.
[Singh, Vijay P.] Texas A&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX USA.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing Lab, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Shen, Xinyi] Univ Connecticut, Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT USA.
RP Hao, ZC (reprint author), 19 XinJieKouWai St, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
EM haozc@bnu.edu.cn
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X
FU program of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" for Science and Technology
Research of China [2012BAD15B05]; Youth Scholars Program of Beijing
Normal University [2015NT02]
FX The authors are grateful to the editor and anonymous reviewers for their
valuable comments and suggestions. This work is supported by the program
of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" for Science and Technology Research of
China (2012BAD15B05) and Youth Scholars Program of Beijing Normal
University (Grant 2015NT02). We thank the Environmental Modeling Center
of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers
for Environmental Prediction for providing the NLDAS-2 datasets.
NR 60
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 4
BP 1049
EP 1061
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0200.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DM3GF
UT WOS:000376234100002
ER
PT J
AU Dong, S
Li, JJ
Li, X
Wei, Y
AF Dong Sheng
Li Jingjing
Li Xue
Wei Yong
TI Study of Vertical Breakwater Reliability Based on Copulas
SO JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA
LA English
DT Article
DE vertical breakwater; reliability; Archimedean copula; goodness of fit;
bivariate logistic Gumbel distribution; bivariate Lognormal
distribution; multivariate distribution
ID CAISSON BREAKWATERS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DESIGN METHOD; STABILITY
AB The reliability of a vertical breakwater is calculated using direct integration methods based on joint density functions. The horizontal and uplifting wave forces on the vertical breakwater can be well fitted by the lognormal and the Gumbel distributions, respectively. The joint distribution of the horizontal and uplifting wave forces is analyzed using different probabilistic distributions, including the bivariate logistic Gumbel distribution, the bivariate lognormal distribution, and three bivariate Archimedean copulas functions constructed with different marginal distributions simultaneously. We use the fully nested copulas to construct multivariate distributions taking into account related variables. Different goodness fitting tests are carried out to determine the best bivariate copula model for wave forces on a vertical breakwater. We show that a bivariate model constructed by Frank copula gives the best reliability analysis, using marginal distributions of Gumbel and lognormal to account for uplifting pressure and horizontal wave force on a vertical breakwater, respectively. The results show that failure probability of the vertical breakwater calculated by multivariate density function is comparable to those by the Joint Committee on Structural Safety methods. As copulas are suitable for constructing a bivariate or multivariate joint distribution, they have great potential in reliability analysis for other coastal structures.
C1 [Dong Sheng; Li Jingjing; Li Xue] Ocean Univ China, Coll Engn, Qingdao 266100, Peoples R China.
[Wei Yong] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Wei Yong] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Dong, S (reprint author), Ocean Univ China, Coll Engn, Qingdao 266100, Peoples R China.
EM dongsh@ouc.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51279186, 51479183]; 111
Project [B14028]; Chinese Scholarship Council
FX The study is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (51279186, 51479183) and the 111 Project (B14028). The first
author thanks the Chinese Scholarship Council for funding his research
in University of Washington. The authors thank the anonymous reviewers
for their constructive comments for the improvement of the manuscript.
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU OCEAN UNIV CHINA
PI QINGDAO
PA 5 YUSHAN RD, QINGDAO, 266003, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1672-5182
EI 1993-5021
J9 J OCEAN U CHINA
JI J. OCEAN UNIV.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 15
IS 2
BP 232
EP 240
DI 10.1007/s11802-016-2692-7
PG 9
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DM0HE
UT WOS:000376023500005
ER
PT J
AU Maghrebi, MF
AF Maghrebi, Mohammad F.
TI Renyi information from entropic effects in one higher dimension
SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE entanglement in extended quantum systems (theory); Casimir effect
(theory)
ID ENTANGLEMENT ENTROPY; CASIMIR FORCE; FIELD-THEORY; SYSTEMS
AB Computing entanglement entropy and its cousins is often challenging even in the simplest continuum and lattice models, partly because such entropies depend nontrivially on all geometric characteristics of the entangling region. Quantum information measures between two or more regions are even more complicated, but contain more, and universal, information. In this paper, we focus on Renyi entropy and information of the order n = 2. For a free field theory, we show that these quantities are mapped to the change of the thermodynamic free energy by introducing boundaries subject to Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions in one higher dimension. This mapping allows us to exploit the powerful tools available in the context of thermal Casimir effect, specifically a multipole expansion suited for computing the Renyi information between arbitrarily-shaped regions. In particular, we compute the Renyi information between two disk-shaped regions at an arbitrary separation distance. We provide an alternative representation of the Renyi information as a sum over closed-loop polymers, which establishes a connection to purely entropic effects, and proves useful in deriving information inequalities. Finally, we discuss extensions of our results beyond free field theories.
C1 [Maghrebi, Mohammad F.] Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Maghrebi, Mohammad F.] Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Maghrebi, MF (reprint author), Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Maghrebi, MF (reprint author), Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM magrebi@umd.edu
FU NSF PIF; AFOSR; ARO; ARL; NSF PFC at the JQI; AFOSR MURI
FX I am grateful to N Graham for useful discussions regarding spheroidal
functions, and to R L Jaffe for his unpublished notes on multiple
reflections with capacitance matrices. I also acknowledge useful
correspondence with H J Schnitzer. This work was supported by the NSF
PIF, AFOSR, ARO, ARL, NSF PFC at the JQI, and AFOSR MURI.
NR 60
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1742-5468
J9 J STAT MECH-THEORY E
JI J. Stat. Mech.-Theory Exp.
PD APR
PY 2016
AR 043102
DI 10.1088/1742-5468/2016/04/043102
PG 29
WC Mechanics; Physics, Mathematical
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA DL5VO
UT WOS:000375705300002
ER
PT J
AU Hodyss, D
Satterfield, E
McLay, J
Hamill, TM
Scheuerer, M
AF Hodyss, Daniel
Satterfield, Elizabeth
McLay, Justin
Hamill, Thomas M.
Scheuerer, Michael
TI Inaccuracies with Multimodel Postprocessing Methods Involving Weighted,
Regression-Corrected Forecasts
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE FORECASTS; PREDICTION SYSTEM; PROBABILISTIC
FORECASTS; ENSEMBLES; SCHEMES
AB Ensemble postprocessing is frequently applied to correct biases and deficiencies in the spread of ensemble forecasts. Methods involving weighted, regression-corrected forecasts address the typical biases and under-dispersion of ensembles through a regression correction of ensemble members followed by the generation of a probability density function (PDF) from the weighted sum of kernels fit around each corrected member. The weighting step accounts for the situation where the ensemble is constructed from different model forecasts or generated in some way that creates ensemble members that do not represent equally likely states. In the present work, it is shown that an overweighting of climatology in weighted, regression-corrected forecasts can occur when one first performs a regression-based correction before weighting each member. This overweighting of climatology results in an increase in the mean-squared error of the mean of the predicted PDF. The overweighting of climatology is illustrated in a simulation study and a real-data study, where the reference is generated through a direct application of Bayes's rule. The real-data example is a comparison of a particular method referred to as Bayesian model averaging (BMA) and a direct application of Bayes's rule for ocean wave heights using U.S. Navy and National Weather Service global deterministic forecasts. This direct application of Bayes's rule is shown to not overweight climatology and may be a low-cost replacement for the generally more expensive weighted, regression-correction methods.
C1 [Hodyss, Daniel; Satterfield, Elizabeth; McLay, Justin] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Hamill, Thomas M.] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Scheuerer, Michael] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Hodyss, D (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM daniel.hodyss@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI Scheuerer, Michael/D-5472-2015
OI Scheuerer, Michael/0000-0003-4540-9478
FU NRL Base Program [PE 0601153N]
FX This research is supported by the Chief of Naval Research through the
NRL Base Program, PE 0601153N. We thank three anonymous reviewers for
very conscientious critiques that have helped us greatly improve the
manuscript.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 4
BP 1649
EP 1668
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0204.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DM1RY
UT WOS:000376125100001
ER
PT J
AU Benjamin, SG
Weygandt, SS
Brown, JM
Hu, M
Alexander, CR
Smirnova, TG
Olson, JB
James, EP
Dowell, DC
Grell, GA
Lin, HD
Peckham, SE
Smith, TL
Moninger, WR
Kenyon, JS
Manikin, GS
AF Benjamin, Stanley G.
Weygandt, Stephen S.
Brown, John M.
Hu, Ming
Alexander, Curtis R.
Smirnova, Tatiana G.
Olson, Joseph B.
James, Eric P.
Dowell, David C.
Grell, Georg A.
Lin, Haidao
Peckham, Steven E.
Smith, Tracy Lorraine
Moninger, William R.
Kenyon, Jaymes S.
Manikin, Geoffrey S.
TI A North American Hourly Assimilation and Model Forecast Cycle: The Rapid
Refresh
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID TURBULENCE CLOSURE-MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; STABLY STRATIFIED
FLOWS; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; CASES-97 OBSERVATIONS; VARIATIONAL
ANALYSIS; EXPLICIT FORECASTS; WEATHER PREDICTION; COORDINATE MODEL;
DIURNAL-CYCLE
AB The Rapid Refresh (RAP), an hourly updated assimilation and model forecast system, replaced the Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) as an operational regional analysis and forecast system among the suite of models at the NOAA/National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) in 2012. The need for an effective hourly updated assimilation and modeling system for the United States for situational awareness and related decision-making has continued to increase for various applications including aviation (and transportation in general), severe weather, and energy. The RAP is distinct from the previous RUC in three primary aspects: a larger geographical domain (covering North America), use of the community-based Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model (ARW) replacing the RUC forecast model, and use of the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation analysis system (GSI) instead of the RUC three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVar). As part of the RAP development, modifications have been made to the community ARW model (especially in model physics) and GSI assimilation systems, some based on previous model and assimilation design innovations developed initially with the RUC. Upper-air comparison is included for forecast verification against both rawinsondes and aircraft reports, the latter allowing hourly verification. In general, the RAP produces superior forecasts to those from the RUC, and its skill has continued to increase from 2012 up to RAP version 3 as of 2015. In addition, the RAP can improve on persistence forecasts for the 1-3-h forecast range for surface, upper-air, and ceiling forecasts.
C1 [Benjamin, Stanley G.; Weygandt, Stephen S.; Brown, John M.; Hu, Ming; Alexander, Curtis R.; Smirnova, Tatiana G.; Olson, Joseph B.; James, Eric P.; Dowell, David C.; Grell, Georg A.; Lin, Haidao; Peckham, Steven E.; Smith, Tracy Lorraine; Moninger, William R.; Kenyon, Jaymes S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, R GSD1,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Manikin, Geoffrey S.] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Hu, Ming; Alexander, Curtis R.; Smirnova, Tatiana G.; Olson, Joseph B.; James, Eric P.; Peckham, Steven E.; Moninger, William R.; Kenyon, Jaymes S.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lin, Haidao; Smith, Tracy Lorraine] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Benjamin, SG (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, R GSD1,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM stan.benjamin@noaa.gov
RI Benjamin, Stan/C-5818-2015
OI Benjamin, Stan/0000-0002-5751-8236
FU NOAA; Federal Aviation Administration (FAA); Department of Energy
FX The RAP was developed under significant support from NOAA, the Federal
Aviation Administration (FAA), and the Department of Energy. We thank
Isidora Jankov, Hongli Jiang, and John Osborn of NOAA/ESRL for helpful
reviews. We also thank three anonymous reviewers and the journal editor
for extremely thorough and very thoughtful reviews of the manuscript.
NR 66
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 4
BP 1669
EP 1694
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0242.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DM1RY
UT WOS:000376125100002
ER
PT J
AU Sakaeda, N
Roundy, PE
AF Sakaeda, Naoko
Roundy, Paul E.
TI The intraseasonal atmospheric angular momentum associated with MJO
convective initiations
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Madden-Julian oscillation; atmospheric angular momentum; momentum
budget; intraseasonal convective initiation
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; VARYING BASIC STATE; VERTICAL STRUCTURE;
CIRCULATION; PROPAGATION; VARIABILITY; TROPICS; 40-DAY; MODEL; FLOW
AB The first part of this study examines the driving mechanisms of the equatorial intraseasonal relative atmospheric angular momentum (AAM) and its dynamical relationship to the upper-tropospheric zonal wind over the Western Hemisphere (WH) during the convective initiation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) over the Indian Ocean. The budget analysis shows that the main driver of the equatorial intraseasonal AAM anomaly is the meridional transport of momentum induced by the modulation of the background subtropical eddies by the intraseasonal eddies. While the subtropical eddies over the central Pacific basin partly drive the equatorial AAM by meridionally transporting the momentum, the equatorial zonal wind associated with the same subtropical eddies is zonally advected and locally amplified over the east Pacific and Atlantic basins. The common source phenomena that transport momentum result in simultaneous evolution of the WH upper-tropospheric zonal wind and the AAM on intraseasonal time-scales, but their main driving mechanisms are different. The second part of the study investigates the influence of the equatorial intraseasonal AAM state on the subsequent development of initiating MJO convection over the Indian Ocean. In the presence of the WH upper-tropospheric easterly wind, MJO convection tends to develop a stronger enhanced convective envelope when the initiation occurs during the negative intraseasonal AAM state, which strengthens and extends the upper-tropospheric easterly wind in the WH. When the AAM anomaly is positive, it tends to induce stronger mid-tropospheric convergence above the region of convective initiation, thereby suppressing the lower-tropospheric updraught and suppressing the further growth of convection. The results show that the combined effects of the WH circumnavigating circulation and the AAM can influence the subsequent development of MJO convection over the Indian Ocean.
C1 [Sakaeda, Naoko] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Roundy, Paul E.] SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY USA.
RP Sakaeda, N (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM naoko.sakaeda@noaa.gov
FU NSF [AGS1358214, AGS1128779]
FX We thank two anomalous reviewers for their helpful comments. This work
was supported by NSF grant numbers AGS1358214 and AGS1128779.
NR 50
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 142
IS 696
BP 1371
EP 1384
DI 10.1002/qj.2740
PN A
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL9BF
UT WOS:000375935600016
ER
PT J
AU Butler, AH
Arribas, A
Athanassiadou, M
Baehr, J
Calvo, N
Charlton-Perez, A
Deque, M
Domeisen, DIV
Frohlich, K
Hendon, H
Imada, Y
Ishii, M
Iza, M
Karpechko, AY
Kumar, A
MacLachlan, C
Merryfield, WJ
Muller, WA
O'Neill, A
Scaife, AA
Scinocca, J
Sigmond, M
Stockdale, TN
Yasuda, T
AF Butler, Amy H.
Arribas, Alberto
Athanassiadou, Maria
Baehr, Johanna
Calvo, Natalia
Charlton-Perez, Andrew
Deque, Michel
Domeisen, Daniela I. V.
Froehlich, Kristina
Hendon, Harry
Imada, Yukiko
Ishii, Masayoshi
Iza, Maddalen
Karpechko, Alexey Yu.
Kumar, Arun
MacLachlan, Craig
Merryfield, William J.
Mueller, Wolfgang A.
O'Neill, Alan
Scaife, Adam A.
Scinocca, John
Sigmond, Michael
Stockdale, Timothy N.
Yasuda, Tamaki
TI The Climate-system Historical Forecast Project: do
stratosphere-resolving models make better seasonal climate predictions
in boreal winter?
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE seasonal prediction; stratosphere-troposphere coupling; stratosphere; El
Nino/Southern Oscillation; Quasi-Biennial Oscillation; North Atlantic
Oscillation
ID QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; LOW-TOP
VERSIONS; CMIP5 MODELS; EL-NINO; ARCTIC OSCILLATION; HEMISPHERE WINTER;
GRAVITY-WAVES; SKILL; PREDICTABILITY
AB Using an international, multi-model suite of historical forecasts from the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Climate-system Historical Forecast Project (CHFP), we compare the seasonal prediction skill in boreal wintertime between models that resolve the stratosphere and its dynamics (high-top') and models that do not (low-top'). We evaluate hindcasts that are initialized in November, and examine the model biases in the stratosphere and how they relate to boreal wintertime (December-March) seasonal forecast skill. We are unable to detect more skill in the high-top ensemble-mean than the low-top ensemble-mean in forecasting the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation, but model performance varies widely. Increasing the ensemble size clearly increases the skill for a given model. We then examine two major processes involving stratosphere-troposphere interactions (the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO)) and how they relate to predictive skill on intraseasonal to seasonal time-scales, particularly over the North Atlantic and Eurasia regions. High-top models tend to have a more realistic stratospheric response to El Nino and the QBO compared to low-top models. Enhanced conditional wintertime skill over high latitudes and the North Atlantic region during winters with El Nino conditions suggests a possible role for a stratospheric pathway.
C1 [Butler, Amy H.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Butler, Amy H.] NOAA, ESRL, CSD, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Arribas, Alberto; Athanassiadou, Maria; MacLachlan, Craig; Scaife, Adam A.] Hadley Ctr, Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Baehr, Johanna] Univ Hamburg, Ctr Earth Syst Res & Sustainabil CEN, Inst Oceanog, Hamburg, Germany.
[Calvo, Natalia; Iza, Maddalen] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Ciencias Fis, Dept Fis Tierra 2, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
[Charlton-Perez, Andrew; O'Neill, Alan] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 2AH, Berks, England.
[Deque, Michel] CNRS GAME, Meteo France Ctr Natl Rech Meteorol, Toulouse, France.
[Domeisen, Daniela I. V.] Univ Kiel, GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
[Froehlich, Kristina] Deutsch Wetterdienst DWD, Offenbach, Germany.
[Hendon, Harry] Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Imada, Yukiko; Ishii, Masayoshi] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Karpechko, Alexey Yu.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[Kumar, Arun] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Merryfield, William J.; Scinocca, John; Sigmond, Michael] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Mueller, Wolfgang A.] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Bundesstr 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Stockdale, Timothy N.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Pk, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
[Yasuda, Tamaki] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Butler, AH (reprint author), NOAA, ESRL, CSD, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM amy.butler@noaa.gov
RI Butler, Amy/K-6190-2012; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Sigmond,
Michael /K-3169-2012;
OI Butler, Amy/0000-0002-3632-0925; Sigmond, Michael /0000-0003-2191-9756;
IZA, MADDALEN/0000-0002-6162-5501; Domeisen, Daniela/0000-0002-1463-929X
FU Academy of Finland [286298]
FX We acknowledge the WCRP/CLIVAR Working Group on Seasonal to Interannual
Prediction (WGSIP) for establishing the Climate-system Historical
Forecast Project (CHFP: Kirtman and Pirani, 2009) and the Centro de
Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmosfera (CIMA) for providing the model
output. We also thank the data providers for making the model output
available through CHFP. We have no potential sources of conflict of
interest. The contribution of AYK is funded by the Academy of Finland,
project no. 286298.
NR 91
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 11
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 142
IS 696
BP 1413
EP 1427
DI 10.1002/qj.2743
PN A
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL9BF
UT WOS:000375935600019
ER
PT J
AU Bernier, NB
Alves, JHGM
Tolman, H
Chawla, A
Peel, S
Pouliot, B
Belanger, JM
Pellerin, P
Lepine, M
Roch, M
AF Bernier, Natacha B.
Alves, Jose-Henrique G. M.
Tolman, Hendrik
Chawla, Arun
Peel, Syd
Pouliot, Benoit
Belanger, Jean-Marc
Pellerin, Pierre
Lepine, Mario
Roch, Michel
TI Operational Wave Prediction System at Environment Canada: Going Global
to Improve Regional Forecast Skill
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTISCALE GEM MODEL; VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION; PART I; BUOY DATA;
IMPLEMENTATION; SWELL
AB A global deterministic wave prediction system (GDWPS) is used to improve regional forecasts of waves off the Canadian coastline and help support the practice of safe marine activities in Canadian waters. The wave model has a grid spacing of 1/4 degrees with spectral resolution of 36 frequency bins and 36 directional bins. The wave model is driven with hourly 10-m winds generated by the operational global atmospheric prediction system. Ice conditions are updated every three hours using the ice concentration forecasts generated by the Global Ice-Ocean Prediction System. Wave forecasts are evaluated over two periods from 15 August to 31 October 2014 and from 15 December 2014 to 28 February 2015, as well as over select cases during the fall of 2012. The global system is shown to improve wave forecast skill over regions where forecasts were previously produced using limited-area models only. The usefulness of a global expansion is demonstrated for large swell events affecting the northeast Pacific. The first validation of a Canadian operational wave forecast system in the Arctic is presented. Improvements in the representation of forecast wave fields associated with tropical cyclones are also demonstrated. Finally, the GDWPS is shown to result in gains of at least 12 h of lead time.
C1 [Bernier, Natacha B.; Peel, Syd; Pouliot, Benoit; Belanger, Jean-Marc; Pellerin, Pierre; Roch, Michel] Environm Canada, Rech Previs Numer Environm, 2121 Route Trans Canadienne, Dorval, PQ H9P 1J3, Canada.
[Alves, Jose-Henrique G. M.; Tolman, Hendrik; Chawla, Arun] NOAA, Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, College Pk, MD USA.
[Lepine, Mario] Environm Canada, Serv Informat Rech, Dorval, PQ, Canada.
RP Bernier, NB (reprint author), Environm Canada, Rech Previs Numer Environm, 2121 Route Trans Canadienne, Dorval, PQ H9P 1J3, Canada.
EM natacha.bernier@ec.gc.ca
FU PERD [B11.001]; SARNif [SN201222]
FX The authors thank reviewers whose comments were very valuable. NBB also
thanks PERD B11.001 and SARNif SN201222 for financial support.
NR 46
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
BP 353
EP 370
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0087.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DM2ZJ
UT WOS:000376216300001
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, BR
Prat, OP
Seo, DJ
Habib, E
AF Nelson, Brian R.
Prat, Olivier P.
Seo, D. -J.
Habib, Emad
TI Assessment and Implications of NCEP Stage IV Quantitative Precipitation
Estimates for Product Intercomparisons
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; OBJECT-BASED VERIFICATION; RAIN-GAUGE DATA;
TROPICAL CYCLONES; WSR-88D DATA; RIVER-BASIN; PART II; SATELLITE; RADAR;
FORECASTS
AB The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) stage IV quantitative precipitation estimates (QPEs) are used in many studies for intercomparisons including those for satellite QPEs. An overview of the National Weather Service precipitation processing system is provided here so as to set the stage IV product in context and to provide users with some knowledge as to how it is developed. Then, an assessment of the stage IV product over the period 2002-12 is provided. The assessment shows that the stage IV product can be useful for conditional comparisons of moderate-to-heavy rainfall for select seasons and locations. When evaluating the product at the daily scale, there are many discontinuities due to the operational processing at the radar site as well as discontinuities due to the merging of data from different River Forecast Centers (RFCs) that use much different processing algorithms for generating their precipitation estimates. An assessment of the daily precipitation estimates is provided based on the cumulative distribution function for all of the daily estimates for each RFC by season. In addition it is found that the hourly estimates at certain RFCs suffer from lack of manual quality control and caution should be used.
C1 [Nelson, Brian R.; Prat, Olivier P.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
[Prat, Olivier P.] N Carolina State Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA.
[Seo, D. -J.] Univ Texas Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
[Habib, Emad] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
RP Nelson, BR (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM brian.nelson@noaa.gov
RI Prat, Olivier/B-7016-2009; Nelson, Brian/D-6432-2014
OI Prat, Olivier/0000-0002-9289-5723;
FU NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites-North
Carolina [NA14NES432003]
FX The second author is supported by NOAA through the Cooperative Institute
for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina under Cooperative Agreement
NA14NES432003. In addition the authors would like to express their
gratitude to the reviewers for the in-depth reviews.
NR 68
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
BP 371
EP 394
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-14-00112.1
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DM2ZJ
UT WOS:000376216300002
ER
PT J
AU Line, WE
Schmit, TJ
Lindsey, DT
Goodman, SJ
AF Line, William E.
Schmit, Timothy J.
Lindsey, Daniel T.
Goodman, Steven J.
TI Use of Geostationary Super Rapid Scan Satellite Imagery by the Storm
Prediction Center
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID GOES-R; INITIATION
AB The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-14 (GOES-14) Imager was operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in an experimental rapid scan 1-min mode during parts of 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015. This scan mode, known as the Super Rapid Scan Operations for GOES-R (SRSOR), emulates the high-temporal-resolution sampling that will be provided by the Advanced Baseline Imager on the next-generation GOES-R series. NOAA/National Weather Service/Storm Prediction Center (SPC) forecasters utilized the 1-min imagery extensively in operations when available over convectively active regions. They found it provided them with unique insight into relevant features and processes before, during, and after convective initiation. This paper introduces how the SRSOR datasets from GOES-14 were used by SPC forecasters and how these data are likely to be applied when available operationally from GOES-R. Several animations, included as supplemental material, showcase the rapid change of severe weather related phenomena observed during the 2014 and 2015 SRSOR campaigns from the GOES-14 Imager.
C1 [Line, William E.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Line, William E.] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Storm Predict Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Schmit, Timothy J.] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Adv Satellite Prod Branch, Madison, WI USA.
[Lindsey, Daniel T.] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Reg & Mesoscale Meteorol Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Goodman, Steven J.] NOAA, NESDIS, GOES R Program Off, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Line, WE (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Storm Predict Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM bill.line@noaa.gov
RI Schmit, Timothy/F-5624-2010; Lindsey, Dan/F-5607-2010
OI Lindsey, Dan/0000-0002-0967-5683
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma [NA11OAR4320072]; U.S. Department of Commerce
FX More information about the GOES-R series can be found online
(http://www.goes-r.gov). More information about the SRSOR campaigns in
2012, 2013 2014, and 2015 is also available online
(http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/srsor/overview_training.html).
Additional information on many of these cases can be found in the CIMSS
Satellite blog, under the GOES-14 category
(http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/blog/archives/category/goes-14) and in
the Satellite Liaison blog, under the SPC category
(https://satelliteliaisonblog.wordpress.com/category/spc/). Thanks are
given to NOAA/NESDIS for the operation of GOES-14 in the SRSOR mode; to
CIRA/NESDIS/RAMMB, the SSEC Data Center, and NOAA CLASS for ingesting,
delivering, and archiving the data; and to the SPC forecasters for
providing detailed feedback on their use of the GOES-14 SRSOR data in
SPC operations. Thanks are also given to Robert Rabin (National Severe
Storms Laboratory), Israel Jirak (NOAA/NWS/NCEP/SPC), and Steven Weiss
(NOAA/NWS/NCEP/SPC). Funding was provided by the NOAA/Office of Oceanic
and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative
Agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S. Department of Commerce. The views,
opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of the authors
and should not be construed as an official National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration or U.S. government position, policy, or
decision.
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
BP 483
EP 494
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0135.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DM2ZJ
UT WOS:000376216300008
ER
PT J
AU Garraffo, ZD
Kim, HC
Mehra, A
Spindler, T
Rivin, I
Tolman, HL
AF Garraffo, Zulema D.
Kim, Hae-Cheol
Mehra, Avichal
Spindler, Todd
Rivin, Ilya
Tolman, Hendrik L.
TI Modeling of Cs-137 as a Tracer in a Regional Model for the Western
Pacific, after the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident of
March 2011
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID DAI-ICHI; OCEAN MODEL; INTERMEDIATE WATER; VERTICAL COORDINATE; DATA
ASSIMILATION; KUROSHIO; CIRCULATION; DISPERSION; SYSTEM; TRANSPORT
AB In this study, results are presented from the first operational ocean tracer dispersion model operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Weather Service/National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NOAA/NWS/NCEP). This study addresses the dispersion of radionuclide contaminants after the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear accident that was triggered by the 11 March 2011 earthquake and tsunami. The tracer capabilities of the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) were used in a regional domain for the northwestern Pacific, with nesting lateral boundary conditions using daily nowcast-forecast fields from the global operational Real-Time Ocean Forecast System (RTOFS-Global), a 1/12 degrees HYCOM global forecast from NCEP, based on data-assimilative 1/12 degrees HYCOM Global Ocean Forecast System (GOFS) analyses from the Naval Research Laboratory/Naval Oceanographic Office (NRL/NAVOCEANO). This regional model, RTOFS Episodic Tracers for a region of the North West Pacific (RTOFS-ET_WPA), was in operation until the beginning of 2014, when the simulated Cs-137 concentration was very close to the background level in the Pacific before the accident, which was about 2 Becquerel m(-3) [Bq; 1 Becquerel = 1 (nuclear decay) s(-1)].
C1 [Garraffo, Zulema D.; Kim, Hae-Cheol; Spindler, Todd; Rivin, Ilya] NOAA, NCEP, IMSG, Environm Modeling Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Mehra, Avichal; Tolman, Hendrik L.] NOAA, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Garraffo, ZD (reprint author), NOAA, NCEP, IMSG, Environm Modeling Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM zulema.garraffo@noaa.gov
NR 53
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
BP 553
EP 579
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-13-00101.1
PG 27
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DM2ZJ
UT WOS:000376216300012
ER
PT J
AU Kossin, JP
DeMaria, M
AF Kossin, James P.
DeMaria, Mark
TI Reducing Operational Hurricane Intensity Forecast Errors during Eyewall
Replacement Cycles
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
AB Eyewall replacement cycles (ERCs) are fairly common events in tropical cyclones (TCs) of hurricane intensity or greater and typically cause large and sometimes rapid changes in the intensity evolution of the TC. Although the details of the intensity evolution associated with ERCs appear to have some dependence on the ambient environmental conditions that the TCs move through, these dependencies can also be quite different than those of TCs that are not undergoing an ERC. For example, the Statistical Hurricane Prediction Scheme (SHIPS), which is used in National Hurricane Center operations and provides intensity forecast skill that is, on average, equal to or greater than deterministic numerical model skill, typically identifies an environment that is not indicative of weakening during the onset and subsequent evolution of an ERC. Contrarily, a period of substantial weakening does typically begin near the onset of an ERC, and this disparity can cause large SHIPS intensity forecast errors. Here, a simple model based on a climatology of ERC intensity change is introduced and tested against SHIPS. It is found that the application of the model can reduce intensity forecast error substantially when applied at, or shortly after, the onset of ERC weakening.
C1 [Kossin, James P.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Ctr Weather & Climate, Asheville, NC USA.
[DeMaria, Mark] NOAA, Natl Hurricane Ctr, Miami, FL USA.
RP Kossin, JP (reprint author), NOAA, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM james.kossin@noaa.gov
RI Kossin, James/C-2022-2016
OI Kossin, James/0000-0003-0461-9794
FU Joint Hurricane Testbed Project within NOAA's U.S. Weather Research
Program (USWRP)
FX Funding and support for the development of this statistical intensity
forecast model was provided by the Joint Hurricane Testbed Project
within NOAA's U.S. Weather Research Program (USWRP). We are especially
grateful to Chris Landsea and a number of National Hurricane Center
specialists for their input and guidance.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
BP 601
EP 608
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0123.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DM2ZJ
UT WOS:000376216300014
ER
PT J
AU Benjamin, SG
Brown, JM
Smirnova, TG
AF Benjamin, Stanley G.
Brown, John M.
Smirnova, Tatiana G.
TI Explicit Precipitation-Type Diagnosis from a Model Using a Mixed-Phase
Bulk Cloud-Precipitation Microphysics Parameterization
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID WINTER PRECIPITATION; OPERATIONAL SYSTEM; OBJECTIVE USE; FORECASTS
AB The Rapid Refresh (RAP) and High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR), both operational at NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) use the Thompson et al. mixed-phase bulk cloud microphysics scheme. This scheme permits predicted surface precipitation to simultaneously consist of rain, snow, and graupel at the same location under certain conditions. Here, the explicit precipitation-type diagnostic method is described as used in conjunction with the Thompson et al. scheme in the RAP and HRRR models. The postprocessing logic combines the explicitly predicted multispecies hydrometeor data and other information from the model forecasts to produce fields of surface precipitation type that distinguish between rain and freezing rain, and to also portray areas of mixed precipitation. This explicit precipitation-type diagnostic method is used with the NOAA operational RAP and HRRR models. Verification from two winter seasons from 2013 to 2015 is provided against METAR surface observations. An example of this product from a January 2015 south-central United States winter storm is also shown.
C1 [Benjamin, Stanley G.; Brown, John M.; Smirnova, Tatiana G.] NOAA, ESRL, R GSD1,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Smirnova, TG (reprint author), NOAA, ESRL, R GSD1,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM stan.benjamin@noaa.gov
RI Benjamin, Stan/C-5818-2015
OI Benjamin, Stan/0000-0002-5751-8236
FU Federal Aviation Administration
FX We thank Joseph Koval at The Weather Company and Kyoko Ikeda and her
NCAR colleagues for their help in identifying problems with the
precipitation-type diagnosis that led to improvements in the scheme now
documented in this article. We also thank Greg Thompson at the National
Center for Atmospheric Research for ongoing collaboration, and
colleagues at NOAA/ESRL, especially Curtis Alexander and Brian Jamison,
for their help on evaluation of the precipitation type algorithm
described here. We thank Kim Elmore and his colleagues at NSSL for
prompting identification of need for the IP criterion resetting. Ongoing
changes in the precipitation-type diagnostic described in this paper are
tracked online (http://ruc.noaa.gov/rr/RAP_var_diagnosis.html#ptype).
Finally, we thank Trevor Alcott, David Dowell, and John Osborn
(NOAA/ESRL) for very helpful reviews. The Federal Aviation
Administration has partially supported some of this work.
NR 24
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U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
BP 609
EP 619
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0136.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DM2ZJ
UT WOS:000376216300015
ER
PT J
AU Iyer, ER
Clark, AJ
Xue, M
Kong, FY
AF Iyer, Eswar R.
Clark, Adam J.
Xue, Ming
Kong, Fanyou
TI A Comparison of 36-60-h Precipitation Forecasts from Convection-Allowing
and Convection-Parameterizing Ensembles
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; TURBULENCE
CLOSURE-MODEL; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; YAMADA LEVEL-3 MODEL; PART I;
HIGH-RESOLUTION; WRF MODEL; MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATION; REGIONAL
PREDICTION
AB Previous studies examining convection-allowing models (CAMs), as well as NOAA/Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Forecasting Experiments (SFEs) have typically emphasized "day 1" (12-36 h) forecast guidance. These studies find a distinct advantage in CAMs relative to models that parameterize convection, especially for fields strongly tied to convection like precipitation. During the 2014 SFE, "day 2" (36-60 h) forecast products from a CAM ensemble provided by the Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms (CAPS) at the University of Oklahoma were examined. Quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) from the CAPS ensemble, known as the Storm Scale Ensemble Forecast (SSEF) system, are compared to NCEP's operational Short Range Ensemble Forecast (SREF) system, which provides lateral boundary conditions for the SSEF, to see if the CAM ensemble outperforms the SREF through forecast hours 36-60. Equitable threat scores (ETSs) were computed for precipitation thresholds ranging from 0.10 to 0.75 in. for each SSEF and SREF member, as well as ensemble means, for 3-h accumulation periods. The ETS difference between the SSEF and SREF peaked during hours 36-42. Probabilistic forecasts were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC area). The SSEF had higher values of ROC area, especially at thresholds >= 0.50 in. Additionally, time longitude diagrams of diurnally averaged rainfall were constructed for each SSEF/SREF ensemble member. Spatial correlation coefficients between forecasts and observations in time longitude space indicated that the SSEF depicted the diurnal cycle much better than the SREF, which underforecasted precipitation with a peak that had a 3-h phase lag. A minority of SREF members performed well.
C1 [Iyer, Eswar R.; Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Clark, Adam J.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Iyer, Eswar R.; Clark, Adam J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, OAR, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Xue, Ming; Kong, Fanyou] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Iyer, ER (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, NWC, Sch Meteorol, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM eswar.iyer@noaa.gov
RI Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011
OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA University of
Oklahoma, U.S. Department of Commerce [NA11OAR4320072]; NOAA
Collaborative Science, Technology, and Applied Research (CSTAR) program;
NSF [AGS-0802888]
FX This work was made possible by a Presidential Early Career Award for
Scientists and Engineers (PECASE). Additional support was provided by
NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S. Department of
Commerce. CAPS SSEF forecasts were supported by the NOAA Collaborative
Science, Technology, and Applied Research (CSTAR) program with
supplementary support from NSF Grant AGS-0802888, using computing
resources at the National Science Foundation XSEDE National Institute of
Computational Science (NICS) at the University of Tennessee.
NR 68
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
BP 647
EP 661
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0143.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DM2ZJ
UT WOS:000376216300018
ER
PT J
AU Kalina, EA
Friedrich, K
Motta, BC
Deierling, W
Stano, GT
Rydell, NN
AF Kalina, Evan A.
Friedrich, Katja
Motta, Brian C.
Deierling, Wiebke
Stano, Geoffrey T.
Rydell, Nezette N.
TI Colorado Plowable Hailstorms: Synoptic Weather, Radar, and Lightning
Characteristics
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID LINEAR-POLARIZATION RADAR; 24 JUNE 2006; POLARIMETRIC RADAR; CONVECTIVE
STORMS; HAIL GROWTH; PART II; HYDROMETEOR CLASSIFICATION; SOUTHWESTERN
FRANCE; 3-BODY SCATTERING; MAPPING ARRAY
AB Synoptic weather, S-band dual-polarization radar, and total lightning observations are analyzed from four thunderstorms that produced "plowable" hail accumulations of 15-60 cm in localized areas of the Colorado Front Range. Results indicate that moist, relatively slow (5-15 m s(-1)) southwesterly-to-westerly flow at 500 hPa and postfrontal low-level upslope flow, with 2-m dewpoint temperatures of 11 degrees-19 degrees C at 1200 LST, were present on each plowable hail day. This pattern resulted in column-integrated precipitable water values that were 132 %-184% of the monthly means and freezing-level heights that were 100-700 m higher than average. Radar data indicate that between one and three maxima in reflectivity Z (68-75 dBZ) and 50-dBZ echo-top height (11-15 km MSL) occurred over the lifetime of each hailstorm. These maxima, which imply an enhancement in updraft strength, resulted in increased graupel and hail production and accumulating hail at the surface within 30 min of the highest echo tops. The hail core had Z similar to 70 dBZ, differential reflectivity ZDR from 0 to -4 dB, and correlation coefficient rho(HV) of 0.80-0.95. Time-height plots reveal that these minima in ZDR and rho(HV) gradually descended to the surface after originating at heights of 6-10 km MSL similar to 15-60 min prior to accumulating hailfall. Hail accumulations estimated from the radar data pinpoint the times and locations of plowable hail, with depths greater than 5 cm collocated with the plowable hail reports. Three of the four hail events were accompanied by lightning flash rates near the maximum observed thus far within the thunderstorm.
C1 [Kalina, Evan A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, 325 Broadway St, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kalina, Evan A.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Friedrich, Katja] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Motta, Brian C.] NOAA, NWS, Off Chief Learning Officer Boulder, Boulder, CO USA.
[Deierling, Wiebke] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Stano, Geoffrey T.] NASA, Shortterm Predict Res & Transit Ctr SPoRT ENSCO I, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Rydell, Nezette N.] NOAA, NWS, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Kalina, EA (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, 325 Broadway St, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM evan.kalina@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [DGE-1144083]
FX We thank the employees of the National Weather Service Forecast Office
in Boulder for providing valuable feedback on this study. We also thank
Mike Dixon (NCAR) for his assistance in using the Radx C++ software
package for radar data processing, and Scott Ellis (NCAR) for his help
in using Solo II to view and edit the radar data. Feedback from three
anonymous reviewers greatly improved an earlier version of this
manuscript. This material is based upon work supported by the National
Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship program under
DGE-1144083. A portion of this research was performed while EAK held a
National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Earth
System Research Laboratory and the Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory.
NR 87
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
BP 663
EP 693
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-15-0037.1
PG 31
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DM2ZJ
UT WOS:000376216300019
ER
PT J
AU Van Houtan, KS
Francke, DL
Alessi, S
Jones, TT
Martin, SL
Kurpita, L
King, CS
Baird, RW
AF Van Houtan, Kyle S.
Francke, Devon L.
Alessi, Sarah
Jones, T. Todd
Martin, Summer L.
Kurpita, Lauren
King, Cheryl S.
Baird, Robin W.
TI The developmental biogeography of hawksbill sea turtles in the North
Pacific
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bycatch; coastal ecology; natal dispersal; ocean plastics; pollution;
spatial structure
ID ANTHROPOGENIC DEBRIS INGESTION; ERETMOCHELYS-IMBRICATA; CARETTA-CARETTA;
MARINE DEBRIS; HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; LOGGERHEAD TURTLES; GREEN TURTLES;
HABITAT USE; LOST YEARS; STRANDINGS
AB High seas oceanic ecosystems are considered important habitat for juvenile sea turtles, yet much remains cryptic about this important life-history period. Recent progress on climate and fishery impacts in these so-called lost years is promising, but the developmental biogeography of hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) has not been widely described in the Pacific Ocean. This knowledge gap limits the effectiveness of conservation management for this globally endangered species. We address this with 30 years of stranding observations, 20 years of bycatch records, and recent simulations of natal dispersal trajectories in the Hawaiian Archipelago. We synthesize the analyses of these data in the context of direct empirical observations, anecdotal sightings, and historical commercial harvests from the insular Pacific. We find hawksbills 04 years of age, measuring 8-34 cm straight carapace length, are found predominantly in the coastal pelagic waters of Hawaii. Unlike other species, we find no direct evidence of a prolonged presence in oceanic habitats, yet satellite tracks of passive drifters (simulating natal dispersal) and our small sample sizes suggest that an oceanic phase for hawksbills cannot be dismissed. Importantly, despite over 600 million hooks deployed and nearly 6000 turtle interactions, longline fisheries have never recorded a single hawksbill take. We address whether the patterns we observe are due to population size and gear selectivity. Although most sea turtle species demonstrate clear patterns of oceanic development, hawksbills in the North Pacific may by contrast occupy a variety of ecosystems including coastal pelagic waters and shallow reefs in remote atolls. This focuses attention on hazards in these ecosystems - entanglement and ingestion of marine debris - and perhaps away from longline bycatch and decadal climate regimes that affect sea turtle development in oceanic regions.
C1 [Van Houtan, Kyle S.; Jones, T. Todd] Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Van Houtan, Kyle S.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Francke, Devon L.; Alessi, Sarah] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Martin, Summer L.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
[Kurpita, Lauren] Univ Hawaii, Pacific Cooperat Studies Unit, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Kurpita, Lauren] World Turtle Trust, Kailua, HI 96734 USA.
[King, Cheryl S.] Hawaii Wildlife Fund, Paia, HI 96779 USA.
[Baird, Robin W.] Cascadia Res Collect, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Van Houtan, Kyle S.] Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
RP Van Houtan, KS (reprint author), Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
EM kyle.vanhoutan@gmail.com
OI Van Houtan, Kyle/0000-0001-5725-1773
FU Presidential Early Career Award in Science and Engineering
FX This study was supported by a Presidential Early Career Award in Science
and Engineering to KV.
NR 73
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 19
U2 37
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 8
BP 2378
EP 2389
DI 10.1002/ece3.2034
PG 12
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA DJ9YD
UT WOS:000374568300012
PM 27110350
ER
PT J
AU Jorgensen, JC
Ward, EJ
Scheuerell, MD
Zabel, RW
AF Jorgensen, Jeffrey C.
Ward, Eric J.
Scheuerell, Mark D.
Zabel, Richard W.
TI Assessing spatial covariance among time series of abundance
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Chinook salmon; Columbia River; dynamic factor analysis; metapopulation;
multivariate autoregressive state-space models; population spatial
structure; species diversity
ID SALMON ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; THREATENED PACIFIC SALMON; STATE-SPACE
MODELS; CHINOOK SALMON; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MARINE SURVIVAL;
SOCKEYE-SALMON; COHO SALMON; CLIMATE; VARIABILITY
AB For species of conservation concern, an essential part of the recovery planning process is identifying discrete population units and their location with respect to one another. A common feature among geographically proximate populations is that the number of organisms tends to covary through time as a consequence of similar responses to exogenous influences. In turn, high covariation among populations can threaten the persistence of the larger metapopulation. Historically, explorations of the covariance in population size of species with many (>10) time series have been computationally difficult. Here, we illustrate how dynamic factor analysis (DFA) can be used to characterize diversity among time series of population abundances and the degree to which all populations can be represented by a few common signals. Our application focuses on anadromous Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), a species listed under the US Endangered Species Act, that is impacted by a variety of natural and anthropogenic factors. Specifically, we fit DFA models to 24 time series of population abundance and used model selection to identify the minimum number of latent variables that explained the most temporal variation after accounting for the effects of environmental covariates. We found support for grouping the time series according to 5 common latent variables. The top model included two covariates: the Pacific Decadal Oscillation in spring and summer. The assignment of populations to the latent variables matched the currently established population structure at a broad spatial scale. At a finer scale, there was more population grouping complexity. Some relatively distant populations were grouped together, and some relatively close populations - considered to be more aligned with each other - were more associated with populations further away. These coarse-and fine-grained examinations of spatial structure are important because they reveal different structural patterns not evident in other analyses.
C1 [Jorgensen, Jeffrey C.; Ward, Eric J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Scheuerell, Mark D.; Zabel, Richard W.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Jorgensen, Jeffrey C.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Jorgensen, JC (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.; Jorgensen, JC (reprint author), NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM jeff.jorgensen@noaa.gov
RI Scheuerell, Mark/N-6683-2016
OI Scheuerell, Mark/0000-0002-8284-1254
FU Bonneville Power Administration; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
FX This work was funded in part from grants to the Northwest Fisheries
Science Center from the Bonneville Power Administration and the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers.
NR 61
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 8
BP 2472
EP 2485
DI 10.1002/ece3.2031
PG 14
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA DJ9YD
UT WOS:000374568300019
PM 27066234
ER
PT J
AU Lee, SK
Wittenberg, AT
Enfield, DB
Weaver, SJ
Wang, CZ
Atlas, R
AF Lee, Sang-Ki
Wittenberg, Andrew T.
Enfield, David B.
Weaver, Scott J.
Wang, Chunzai
Atlas, Robert
TI US regional tornado outbreaks and their links to spring ENSO phases and
North Atlantic SST variability
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE US tornado outbreaks; springtime ENSO phases; North Atlantic SST
tripole; ENSO teleconnections; ENSO diversity; ENSO flavors
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; CENTRAL UNITED-STATES; LOW-LEVEL JET;
EL-NINO; REANALYSIS PROJECT; CLIMATE RESPONSE; GREAT-PLAINS; LA-NINA;
PRECIPITATION; EVOLUTION
AB Recent violent and widespread tornado outbreaks in the US, such as occurred in the spring of 2011, have caused devastating societal impact with significant loss of life and property. At present, our capacity to predict US tornado and other severe weather risk does not extend beyond seven days. In an effort to advance our capability for developing a skillful long-range outlook for US tornado outbreaks, here we investigate the spring probability patterns of US regional tornado outbreaks during 1950-2014. Weshow that the four dominant springtime El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases (persistent versus early-terminating El Nino and resurgent versus transitioning La Nina) and the North Atlantic sea surface temperature tripole variability are linked to distinct and significant US regional patterns of outbreak probability. These changes in the probability of outbreaks are shown to be largely consistent with remotely forced regional changes in the large-scale atmospheric processes conducive to tornado outbreaks. An implication of these findings is that the springtime ENSO phases and the North Atlantic SST tripole variability may provide seasonal predictability of US regional tornado outbreaks.
C1 [Lee, Sang-Ki; Enfield, David B.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
[Lee, Sang-Ki; Wang, Chunzai; Atlas, Robert] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Wittenberg, Andrew T.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Weaver, Scott J.] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Lee, SK (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.; Lee, SK (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM Sang-Ki.Lee@noaa.gov
RI Wittenberg, Andrew/G-9619-2013; Lee, Sang-Ki/A-5703-2011; Enfield,
David/I-2112-2013; Atlas, Robert/A-5963-2011
OI Wittenberg, Andrew/0000-0003-1680-8963; Lee,
Sang-Ki/0000-0002-4047-3545; Enfield, David/0000-0001-8107-5079; Atlas,
Robert/0000-0002-0706-3560
FU NOAA CPO through its MAPP program [NA12OAR4310083]; NOAA CPC
[N8R1MP1P00]; NOAA AOML
FX We would like to thank Ghassan Alaka and Hua Chen for their thoughtful
comments and careful reviews. S-K Lee acknowledge James Elsner, Hosmay
Lopez and Jeff Trapp for helpful comments and suggestions on the
statistical methods used in this study, and John Allen, Gerry Bell,
Ashton Cook, Kirstin Harnos, Arun Kumar and Hui Wang for useful
discussions during CPC seasonal severe weather outlook teleconferences.
This work was supported by NOAA CPO through its MAPP program
NA12OAR4310083, and by NOAA CPC (N8R1MP1P00) and NOAA AOML.
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 4
AR 044008
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/044008
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL6JZ
UT WOS:000375746800012
ER
PT J
AU Xue, YK
Oaida, CM
Diallo, I
Neelin, JD
Li, SS
De Sales, F
Gu, Y
Robinson, DA
Vasic, R
Yi, L
AF Xue, Yongkang
Oaida, Catalina M.
Diallo, Ismaila
Neelin, J. David
Li, Suosuo
De Sales, Fernando
Gu, Yu
Robinson, David A.
Vasic, Ratko
Yi, Lan
TI Spring land temperature anomalies in northwestern US and the summer
drought over Southern Plains and adjacent areas
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE land temperature; US drought and heat; regional climate model; southern
great plains; sea surface temperature
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICAN DROUGHT; SOIL-MOISTURE;
GLOBAL CLIMATE; HEAT-WAVE; VARIABILITY; PRECIPITATION; MODEL; ENSO;
20TH-CENTURY
AB Recurrent drought and associated heatwave episodes are important features of the US climate. Many studies have examined the connection between ocean surface temperature changes and conterminous US droughts. However, remote effects of large-scale land surface temperature variability, over shorter but still considerable distances, on US regional droughts have been largely ignored. The present study combines two types of evidence to address these effects: climate observations and model simulations. Our analysis of observational data shows that springtime land temperature in northwest US is significantly correlated with summer rainfall and surface temperature changes in the US Southern Plains and its adjacent areas. Our model simulations of the 2011 Southern Plains drought using a general circulation model and a regional climate model confirm the observed relationship between land temperature anomaly and drought, and suggest that the long-distance effect of land temperature changes in the northwest US on Southern Plains droughts is probably as large as the more familiar effects of ocean surface temperatures and atmospheric internal variability. We conclude that the cool 2011 springtime climate conditions in the northwest US increased the probability of summer drought and abnormal heat in the Southern Plains. The present study suggests a strong potential for more skillful intra-seasonal predictions of US Southern Plains droughts when such facts as ones presented here are considered.
C1 [Xue, Yongkang; Diallo, Ismaila; Li, Suosuo; De Sales, Fernando] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Xue, Yongkang; Oaida, Catalina M.; Neelin, J. David; Gu, Yu] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Li, Suosuo] Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
[De Sales, Fernando] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Robinson, David A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Geog, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Vasic, Ratko] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Yi, Lan] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, Beijing 10081, Peoples R China.
RP Xue, YK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Xue, YK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM yxue@geog.ucla.edu
FU National Science Foundation [AGS-1346813, AGS-1115506, AGS-1540518]
FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation grants
AGS-1346813, AGS-1115506, and AGS-1540518. We thank Mr John Mioduszewski
and Mr Thomas Estilow of Rutgers University for the snow data. The
authors also thank Professor Jared Diamond and Professor David Rigby of
UCLA for their comments and contributions to the manuscript revisions,
as well as two anonymous reviewers' very constructive
comments/suggestions to help improve the paper. The model runs were
conducted at the National Center for Atmospheric Research Bluefire
Supercomputer and the Texas Advanced Computer Center Stampede
Supercomputer.
NR 54
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 4
AR 044018
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/044018
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL6JZ
UT WOS:000375746800022
ER
PT J
AU Levine, J
AF Levine, Judah
TI The history of time and frequency from antiquity to the present day
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL H
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC TIME; BLACKBODY RADIATION; OPTICAL FREQUENCIES;
CESIUM; STANDARD; BEAM; UNCERTAINTY; ALGORITHMS; SIGNALS; BUREAU
AB I will discuss the evolution of the definitions of time, time interval, and frequency from antiquity to the present day. The earliest definitions of these parameters were based on a time interval defined by widely observed apparent astronomical phenomena, so that techniques of time distribution were not necessary. With this definition, both time, as measured by clocks, and frequency, as realized by some device, were derived quantities. On the other hand, the fundamental parameter today is a frequency based on the properties of atoms, so that the situation is reversed and time and time interval are now derived quantities. I will discuss the evolution of this transition and its consequences. In addition, the international standards of both time and frequency are currently realized by combining the data from a large number of devices located at many different laboratories, and this combination depends on (and is often limited by) measurements of the times of clocks located at widely-separated laboratories. I will discuss how these measurements are performed and how the techniques have evolved over time.
C1 [Levine, Judah] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Levine, Judah] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Levine, Judah] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Levine, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.; Levine, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.; Levine, J (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM judah.levine@colorado.edu
NR 80
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 2102-6459
EI 2102-6467
J9 EUR PHYS J H
JI Eur. Phys. J. H
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 1
BP 1
EP 67
DI 10.1140/epjh/e2016-70004-3
PG 67
WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC History & Philosophy of Science; Physics
GA DK6JY
UT WOS:000375030900001
ER
PT J
AU Watson, W
Charter, SR
Lawley, CAT
AF Watson, William
Charter, Sharon R.
Lawley, Cynthia A. Taylor
TI Early larvae of the swordspine rockfish (Sebastes ensifer) identified by
molecular methods
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT; GENUS SEBASTES; JUVENILES; LENGTH;
REPRODUCTION; PRESERVATION; SCORPAENIDAE; PAUCISPINIS; ATLANTIC; PCR
AB About 56 rockfish (Sebastes) species occur in Southern California, but the larvae of most of them are undescribed. Larval rockfishes collected off Southern. California during the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) cruise in April 1999 and the Baseline Cowcod Conservation Area (CCA) cruise in February 2002 were identified by using mitochondrial cytochrome b genomic DNA to determine the abundances of individual species. About 27% of the larvae from the CalCOFI cruise and 16% of the larvae from the CCA cruise were Sebastes ensifer. Larval S. ensifer were undescribed for most of the size range identified here (2.6-8.4 mm, early preflexion through early postflexion. stage). Larval S. ensifer are moderately deep-bodied and robust and have melanophores dorsally and ventrally on the gut, in a single ventral row on the tail, and on the pectoral fins. Starting at about 3.8 mm, melanophores form on the anterior part of the mandible. Larvae >= 6 mm have pigment in the mid- and hindbrain areas. Preflexion-stage larval S. ensifer are indistinguishable from the described larvae of sympatric species in the Sebastes subgenus Sebastomus, except perhaps Sebastes rosaceus and S. umbrosus. In later stages, S. ensifer may be distinguishable from S. constellatus and S. helvomaculatus.
C1 [Watson, William; Charter, Sharon R.; Lawley, Cynthia A. Taylor] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Lawley, Cynthia A. Taylor] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr,Mail Code 0203, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Watson, W (reprint author), NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM william.watson@noaa.gov
FU Oceanids Foundation; Frieda Daum Urey scholarship committee
FX We wish to thank the scientific and ship's crews of the NOAA Ship David
Starr Jordan and Scripps Institution of Oceanography RV New Horizon. Our
appreciation goes to A. Hays, D. Griffith, and R. Charter, who
especially assisted in obtaining samples; L. Dunn for sorting the fish
larvae from the plankton samples; H. Timms and A. Brooks for their
assistance in the laboratory; and H. Moser, who contributed pertinent
information during review. For his tutelage and review of this article,
S. Charter is especially grateful to J. Hyde. We also thank the Oceanids
Foundation and the Frieda Daum Urey scholarship committee for their
endowment to CATL.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 114
IS 2
BP 135
EP 143
DI 10.7755/FB.114.2.1
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DK2DF
UT WOS:000374724100001
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, LA
Richardson, DE
Zakharov, EV
Hanner, R
AF Lewis, Leah A.
Richardson, David E.
Zakharov, Evgeny V.
Hanner, Robert
TI Integrating DNA barcoding of fish eggs into ichthyoplankton monitoring
programs
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; ATLANTIC COD; MARINE FISHES; ESTIMATING BIOMASS; IRISH
SEA; IDENTIFICATION; STOCK; LIFE; LARVAE; GULF
AB The data collected through ichthyoplankton monitoring surveys provide valuable insight into the spawning dynamics of multiple species. Fish eggs, more than larvae, offer a more precise evaluation of species-specific spawning characteristics; however, egg collections are greatly underused because of the limitations associated with morphology-based identifications. In recent years, a new means of molecular identification, termed DNA barcoding, has made species identification readily available across a broad range of taxa. We used DNA barcoding to identify ethanol-preserved fish eggs collected during 2002-2012 along the northeastern U.S. continental shelf A subsampling protocol was used to select 1603 unidentified eggs for analysis. DNA sequences were successfully obtained from 1495 (93.26%) of these eggs, representing 50 species many of which have either never before been identified to the species-level as eggs or have been identified previously only to a higher taxonomic level or during specific developmental egg stages. In comparison with past attempts at morphological identification, our molecular identifications comprise a broader diversity of eggs and provide a technique with high success rates of unambiguous identifications that is not sensitive to egg stage. Overall, this work shows that DNA barcoding of fish eggs is sufficiently advanced to be incorporated into long-term, regional-scale ichthyoplankton. monitoring programs.
C1 [Lewis, Leah A.; Richardson, David E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Zakharov, Evgeny V.; Hanner, Robert] Univ Guelph, Biodivers Inst Ontario, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Richardson, DE (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM david.richardson@noaa.gov
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 7
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 114
IS 2
BP 153
EP 165
DI 10.7755/FB.114.2.3
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DK2DF
UT WOS:000374724100003
ER
PT J
AU Demetras, NJ
Huff, DD
Michel, CJ
Smith, JM
Cutter, GR
Hayes, SA
Lindley, ST
AF Demetras, Nicholas J.
Huff, David D.
Michel, Cyril J.
Smith, Joseph M.
Cutter, George R.
Hayes, Sean A.
Lindley, Steven T.
TI Development of underwater recorders to quantify predation of juvenile
Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in a river environment
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID SURVIVAL; FISH; MIGRATION; HABITATS; DELTA; BASS
AB Recent acoustic tagging of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the southern portion of California's Sacramento San Joaquin Delta has revealed extremely low survival rates (<1%), possibly due to predation by piscivorous fishes. We evaluated predation as a cause of low survival by designing and testing freely floating GPS-enabled predation.-event recorders (PERs) baited with juvenile Chinook salmon. We estimated predation rates and identified predation locations within. a 1-kilometer reach of the Lower San Joaquin River. We modeled the relationship between time to predation and environmental variables with a Cox proportional hazards analysis that accounts for censored data. Our results indicated that an increase of 1 m/s in water velocity elevated the minute-by-minute hazard of predation by a factor of 9.6. Similarly, each increase in median depth decreased the predation hazard by a factor of 0.5. The mean relative predation rate in the study area was 15.3% over 9 sampling events between March and May 2014. Waterproof video cameras attached to a subset (48 of 216) of PERs successfully identified predator species 25% of the time. Our GPS-enabled PERs proved to be an inexpensive and reliable tool, which quantified predation, identified predation locations, and provided complementary information for acoustic telemetry and predator diet studies.
C1 [Demetras, Nicholas J.; Michel, Cyril J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Huff, David D.] NOAA, Point Adams Res Stn, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, POB 155, Hammond, OR 97121 USA.
[Smith, Joseph M.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, 1122 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Cutter, George R.] NOAA, Fisheries Resource Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Hayes, Sean A.; Lindley, Steven T.] NOAA, Fisheries Resource Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Demetras, NJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM nicholas.demetras@noaa.gov
OI Huff, David/0000-0001-9061-7685
FU California Department of Water Resources [46-10100]; National Marine
Fisheries Service
FX We would like to thank the many people who assisted with fieldwork,
particularly M. Sabal, V. Lo, T. Brown, B. Lehman, and M. Miller. In
addition, M. Henderson and F. Cordoleani provided insightful comments on
early drafts and three anonymous reviewers provided helpful suggestions
during the review process. The California Department of Water Resources
funded this work under agreement no. 46-10100 with the National Marine
Fisheries Service. Material and logistical support was also provided by
The National Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Science
Center, Santa Cruz, CA.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 11
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 114
IS 2
BP 179
EP 185
DI 10.7755/FB.114.2.5
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DK2DF
UT WOS:000374724100005
ER
PT J
AU Yasumiishi, EM
Criddle, KR
Helle, JH
Hillgruber, N
Mueter, FJ
AF Yasumiishi, Ellen M.
Criddle, Keith R.
Helle, John H.
Hillgruber, Nicola
Mueter, Franz J.
TI Effect of population abundance and climate on the growth of 2
populations of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) in the eastern North
Pacific Ocean
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID PINK SALMON; SOCKEYE-SALMON; BERING-SEA; BODY-SIZE; HATCHERY PROGRAMS;
BRITISH-COLUMBIA; MARINE SURVIVAL; ALASKA; RIVER; GORBUSCHA
AB Seasonal and annual marine growth of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from Fish Creek, Alaska, during 1972-2004 and from Quilcene River, Washington., during 1973-2004 were examined in relation to abundances of chum salmon and pink salmon (O. gorbuscha) and climate indices from that period. Pink salmon abundance indices were included in the analysis because of evidence for density-dependent effects on chum salmon growth and survival. In linear regression models, growth was negatively related to abundance of chum salmon or to the combined abundance of pink and chum salmon during the middle juvenile (July-Sept), 1st immature, 2nd immature, and maturing stages for the Fish Creek chum salmon and the 1st immature, 2nd immature, and maturing stages for Quilcene River chum salmon, indicating possible density-dependent effects on growth. Mid-juvenile and maturing growth models for the Fish Creek chum salmon and the maturing growth model for Quilcene River chum salmon performed well in model validation, when model predictions were tested against 20% of the data that were not used for model specification, and provided insight into the effects of climate and abundance on growth of chum salmon from 1972 to 2004.
C1 [Yasumiishi, Ellen M.; Criddle, Keith R.; Helle, John H.; Hillgruber, Nicola; Mueter, Franz J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Yasumiishi, Ellen M.] NOAA, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv,Ted Stevens Marine Res, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Helle, John H.] 2427 ODay Dr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Hillgruber, Nicola] Thunen Inst Fisheries Ecol, Wulfsdorfer Weg 204, D-22926 Ahrensburg, Germany.
RP Yasumiishi, EM (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.; Yasumiishi, EM (reprint author), NOAA, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv,Ted Stevens Marine Res, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM ellen.yasumiishi@noaa.gov
FU Alaska Fisheries Science Center in Juneau, Alaska; Advanced Studies
Program, Professional Development program of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration
FX Funding and support for this project was received from the Alaska
Fisheries Science Center in Juneau, Alaska and the Advanced Studies
Program, Professional Development program of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration. We greatly appreciate the assistance of all
the people that helped with field collection throughout the years and
the assistance of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game in Ketchikan
and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service at the Quilcene National Fish
Hatchery in Quilcene, Washington. We appreciate the constructive
comments from Phil Mundy, Ed Farley, and Lisa Eisner. We also thank the
anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful suggestions that greatly
improved the manuscript.
NR 74
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 12
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 114
IS 2
BP 203
EP 219
DI 10.7755/FB.114.2.7
PG 17
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DK2DF
UT WOS:000374724100007
ER
PT J
AU Weijerman, M
Williams, I
Gutierrez, J
Grafeld, S
Tibbatts, B
Davis, G
AF Weijerman, Mariska
Williams, Ivor
Gutierrez, Jay
Grafeld, Shanna
Tibbatts, Brent
Davis, Gerry
TI Trends in biomass of coral reef fishes, derived from shore-based creel
surveys in Guam
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID MANAGEMENT; PACIFIC; RESILIENCE; MICRONESIA; ECOSYSTEMS; ISLANDS; TRADE
AB Coral reef fisheries have a cultural, economic, and ecological importance and sustain the societal well-being of many coastal communities. However, the complexities of the multigear, multispecies fisheries that target coral reef species pose challenges for fisheries management. We focus on the Guam shore-based coral reef fishery 1) to evaluate the characteristics of the past and recent fishery in terms of catch composition and effort per gear type and 2) to reconstruct the reef-fish population in shallow (depths <= 30 m) water during 1985-2012. To accomplish this, we used the results from a detailed creel survey conducted by the Guam Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources. The total estimated effort has stayed more or less stable; however, the estimated total catch has dropped from an annual mean of 100 metric tons (t) during the period 1985-1990 to 37 t during the period 2007-2012. Catch per unit of effort (CPUE) declined for most gear types between the 2 time periods. Reconstruction. of historical targeted fish biomass, based on CPUE, showed a general decrease in biomass from 1985 to 2012. Biomass quickly dropped to about half of the 1985 values, then leveled off for a decade before declining again beginning in 2003 and continuing through 2012.
C1 [Weijerman, Mariska] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Marine Sci Bldg 312,1000 Pope Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Weijerman, Mariska] Wageningen Univ, Environm Syst Anal Grp, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Williams, Ivor] NOAA, Coral Reef Ecosyst Program, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Mariner Fisheries Serv, 1845 Wasp Blvd,Bldg 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Gutierrez, Jay; Tibbatts, Brent] Guam Dept Agr, Div Aquat & Wildlife Resources, 163 Dairy Rd, Mangilao, GU 96913 USA.
[Grafeld, Shanna] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, 1910 East West Rd,Sherman Lab 101, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Davis, Gerry] NOAA, Habitat Conservat Div, Pacific Isl Reg Off, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1845 Wasp Blvd,Bldg 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
RP Weijerman, M (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Marine Sci Bldg 312,1000 Pope Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.; Weijerman, M (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Environm Syst Anal Grp, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
EM mariska.weijerman@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program
FX Funding for the senior author and S. Grafeld was obtained from the NOAA
Coral Reef Conservation Program. We would like to acknowledge the staff
at the Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources, Guam Department of
Agriculture, for data collection and the following people at the NOAA
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center: K. Low, M. Quack, and P. Tao
for extracting and helping to interpret data, M. Nadon for advice on
data analyses, and C. Boggs and J. Wetherall for their valuable comments
on the draft manuscript.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 114
IS 2
BP 237
EP 256
DI 10.7755/FB.114.2.9
PG 20
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DK2DF
UT WOS:000374724100009
ER
PT J
AU Chen, XF
Yan, RQ
Liu, YM
AF Chen, Xuefeng
Yan, Ruqiang
Liu, Yanmeng
TI Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis in China
SO IEEE INSTRUMENTATION & MEASUREMENT MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Chen, Xuefeng] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Mech Engn, Xian, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Xuefeng] IEEE Xian & Chengdu Joint Sect Instrumentat & Mea, Xian, Peoples R China.
[Yan, Ruqiang] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yan, Ruqiang] Southeast Univ, Sch Instrument Sci, Xian, Peoples R China.
[Yan, Ruqiang; Liu, Yanmeng] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr High End Mfg Equipment, Xian, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, XF (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Mech Engn, Xian, Peoples R China.; Chen, XF (reprint author), IEEE Xian & Chengdu Joint Sect Instrumentat & Mea, Xian, Peoples R China.; Yan, RQ (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Yan, RQ (reprint author), Southeast Univ, Sch Instrument Sci, Xian, Peoples R China.; Yan, RQ (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr High End Mfg Equipment, Xian, Peoples R China.
EM chenxf@mail.xjtu.edu.cn; ruqiang@seu.edu.cn
RI Yan, Ruqiang/A-9776-2012
OI Yan, Ruqiang/0000-0003-4341-6535
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1094-6969
EI 1941-0123
J9 IEEE INSTRU MEAS MAG
JI IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 19
IS 2
BP 22
EP 28
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA DL3ZE
UT WOS:000375571400007
ER
PT J
AU Lumpkin, R
Centurioni, L
Perez, RC
AF Lumpkin, Rick
Centurioni, Luca
Perez, Renellys C.
TI Fulfilling Observing System Implementation Requirements with the Global
Drifter Array
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATORIAL ATLANTIC
AB The Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) requirements for in situ surface temperature and velocity measurements call for observations at 5 degrees x 5 degrees resolution. A key component of the GOOS that measures these essential climate variables is the global array of surface drifters. In this study, statistical observing system sampling experiments are performed to evaluate how many drifters are required to achieve the GOOS requirements, both with and without the presence of a completed global tropical moored buoy array at 5 degrees S-5 degrees N. The statistics for these simulations are derived from the evolution of the actual global drifter array. It is concluded that drifters should be deployed within the near-equatorial band even though that band is also in principle covered by the tropical moored array, as the benefits of not doing so are marginal. It is also concluded that an optimal design half-life for the drifters is similar to 450 days, neglecting external sources of death, such as running aground or being picked up. Finally, it is concluded that comparing the drifter array size to the number of static 5 degrees x 5 degrees open-ocean bins is not an ideal performance indicator for system evaluation; a better performance indicator is the fraction of 5 degrees x 5 degrees open-ocean bins sampled, neglecting bins with high drifter death rates.
C1 [Lumpkin, Rick; Perez, Renellys C.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Centurioni, Luca] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Perez, Renellys C.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
RP Lumpkin, R (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Phys Oceanog Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM rick.lumpkin@noaa.gov
RI Perez, Renellys/D-1976-2012; Lumpkin, Rick/C-9615-2009
OI Perez, Renellys/0000-0002-4401-3853; Lumpkin, Rick/0000-0002-6690-1704
FU Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce;
Climate Observation Division of the Climate Program Office of the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of
Commerce; NOAA [NA10OAR4320156, NA10OAR4320143]; Cooperative Institute
for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS), a cooperative institute of
the University of Miami
FX Conversations and exchanges with Diane Stanitski, Champika Gallage, and
Cristina Lumpkin provided valuable input for this study. We thank Hosmay
Lopez and Libby Johns for the reviews and editorial suggestions. R.
Lumpkin and R. Perez were funded by the Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory and the Climate Observation Division of the
Climate Program Office, both of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. L. Centurioni was funded by
NOAA Grant NA10OAR4320156, "The Global Drifter Program." This research
was carried out in part under the auspices of the Cooperative Institute
for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS), a cooperative institute of
the University of Miami and NOAA, Cooperative Agreement NA10OAR4320143.
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 4
BP 685
EP 695
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-15-0255.1
PG 11
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL6FV
UT WOS:000375736000005
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, C
Zhang, Z
Li, GQ
AF Zhang, Chao
Zhang, Zhe
Li, Guo-Qiang
TI Simple vs. sophisticated fire models to predict performance of SHS
column in localized fire
SO JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Localized fire; Buckling temperature; Square hollow steel column; Simple
fire model; Comparative study; Thermo-mechanical analyses
ID THERMAL CALCULATION; STEEL COLUMNS; BEHAVIOR; BEAMS
AB This paper presents a comparative study on fire models to predict the performance of an axially loaded square hollow steel (SHS) column exposed to a localized fire. A simple fire model based on the classic fire plume theory and a sophisticated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model named Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) were investigated and used to predict the heat fluxes from the localized fire to the column. Thermo-mechanical analyses using finite element software were conducted to obtain the temperature and structural responses of the column exposed to the predicted heat fluxes. A total of 22 cases were considered and the variable parameters included heat release rate, fire source diameter, location of the fire source and load ratio. The steel temperatures predicted using the simple fire model were higher than those predicted using the sophisticated fire model. The buckling temperatures predicted using the simple fire model were generally lower than those predicted using the sophisticated fire model, and the average difference of the predicted buckling temperatures was within 40 degrees C Buckling temperature is defined here as the maximum temperature in a steel column on onset of buckling. Comparing with the sophisticated fire model, the simple fire model is computationally efficient and yields conservative results, which may be used in structural fire engineering design. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Chao] Tongji Univ, Coll Civil Engn, 1239 Siping Rd, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Chao] NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8666, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhang, Zhe] Zhengzhou Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, Peoples R China.
[Li, Guo-Qiang] Sate Key Lab Disaster Reduct Civil Engn, 1239 Siping Rd, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, Z (reprint author), Zhengzhou Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, Peoples R China.
EM chao.zhang@nist.gov; zhangzhe_77@163.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51508399]
FX The work reported hereinabove is partially supported by the National
Natural Science Foundation of China through the contract 51508399. The
support is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-974X
EI 1873-5983
J9 J CONSTR STEEL RES
JI J. Constr. Steel. Res.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 120
BP 62
EP 69
DI 10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.12.026
PG 8
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA DK0LB
UT WOS:000374603200007
ER
PT J
AU Mazumdar, D
Knut, R
Thole, F
Gorgoi, M
Faleev, S
Mryasov, ON
Shelke, V
Ederer, C
Spaldin, NA
Gupta, A
Karis, O
AF Mazumdar, Dipanjan
Knut, R.
Thoele, F.
Gorgoi, M.
Faleev, Sergei
Mryasov, O. N.
Shelke, Vilas
Ederer, C.
Spaldin, N. A.
Gupta, A.
Karis, O.
TI The valence band electronic structure of rhombohedral-like and
tetragonal-like BiFeO3 thin films from hard X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy and first-principles theory
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA
LA English
DT Article
DE Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Multifunctional materials;
Multiferroics; Electronic structure; Density functional theory; Bismuth
ferrite
ID ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS; RANGE 100-5000 EV; DOMAIN-WALLS;
ENERGY; POLARIZATION; TEMPERATURE; OXIDE
AB We investigate the electronic structure of rhombohedral-like (R) and tetragonal-like (T) BiFeO3 thin films using high energy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and first-principles electronic structure calculations. By exploiting the relative elemental cross sections to selectively probe the elemental composition of the valence band, we identify a strong Bi 6p contribution at the top of the valence band in both phases, overlapping in energy range with the O 2p states; this assignment is confirmed by our electronic structure calculations. We find that the measured occupied Bi 6p signal lies closer to the top of the valence band in the T phase than in the R phase, which we attribute, using our electronic structure calculations, to lower Bi-O hybridization in the T phase. We note, however, that our calculations of the corresponding densities of states underestimate the difference between the phases, suggesting that matrix element effects resulting from the different effective symmetries also contribute. Our results shed light on the chemical nature of the stereochemically active Bi lone pairs, which are responsible for the large ferroelectric polarization of BiFeO3. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Mazumdar, Dipanjan] So Illinois Univ, Dept Phys, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Knut, R.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Knut, R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Knut, R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Karis, O.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden.
[Thoele, F.; Ederer, C.; Spaldin, N. A.] ETH, Mat Theory, Wolfgang Pauli Str 27, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Gorgoi, M.] BESSY II, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
[Faleev, Sergei; Mryasov, O. N.; Gupta, A.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Mat Informat Technol, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
RP Karis, O (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden.
EM olof.karis@physics.uu.se
OI Thole, Florian/0000-0001-6006-9876
FU ETH Zurich; Southern Illinois University; Swedish Research Council (VR);
European Community [312284]
FX This work was supported financially by the ETH Zurich (N.A.S., C.E. and
F.T.) and by the Max Rossler Prize of the ETH Zurich (N.A.S.). DM
acknowledges start-up funds from Southern Illinois University. RK and OK
gratefully acknowledge the support of the Swedish Research Council (VR).
We thank HZB for the allocation of synchrotron radiation beamtime. The
research leading to these results has received funding from the European
Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant
agreement no. 312284.
NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 12
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0368-2048
EI 1873-2526
J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC
JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 208
SI SI
BP 63
EP 66
DI 10.1016/j.elspec.2015.10.002
PG 4
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA DL6GY
UT WOS:000375738900011
ER
PT J
AU Li, SS
Ma, ZW
Xiong, XZ
Christiani, DC
Wang, ZX
Liu, Y
AF Li, Shenshen
Ma, Zongwei
Xiong, Xiaozhen
Christiani, David C.
Wang, Zhaoxi
Liu, Yang
TI Satellite and Ground Observations of Severe Air Pollution Episodes in
the Winter of 2013 in Beijing, China
SO AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Smog; MODIS; Aerosol optical depth; PM2.5; HYSPLIT
ID LEVEL PM2.5 CONCENTRATIONS; AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; EASTERN CHINA; LAND;
PRODUCTS; CITIES; STATES; REGRESSION; MODEL; FOG
AB Beginning in early January 2013, Beijing experienced multiple prolonged and severe smog events that were characterized by very high levels of PM2.5, with peak daily PM2.5 over 400 mu g m(-3). With PM2.5 concentration contours created from ground observations and satellite remote sensing data, we describe the spatial and temporal characteristics of these episodes and further investigated the factors that contributed to these episodes. Our results indicated that these smog episodes affected a much larger geographic region, far beyond Beijing metropolitan area, corresponding to a total area of similar to 550,000 km(2) and similar to 180 million people. The extremely cold weather in December 2012 and regional pollution transport were likely the main causes of these severe PM pollutions. In addition to aggressive emission control measures for Beijing, coordinated regional policy must be put in place to achieve more blue-sky days. Although the configuration of the current ground monitoring network may be sufficient to record PM2.5 levels in urban centers, these monitors alone cannot fully characterize the spatial pattern and track the transport of air pollution on a regional scale. Satellite remote sensing data can provide valuable information to fill the gaps left by ground monitors to create a more comprehensive picture of PM2.5.
C1 [Li, Shenshen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Ma, Zongwei; Liu, Yang] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Xiong, Xiaozhen] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Christiani, David C.; Wang, Zhaoxi] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Wang, ZX (reprint author), Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
EM mikewang@hohp.harvard.edu; yang.liu@emory.edu
RI Xiong, Xiaozhen/F-6591-2010;
OI Ma, Zongwei/0000-0003-0257-5695
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41471367]; Foundation of
Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, the Chinese Academy of
Sciences [Y3SJ5900CX]
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant No. 41471367), and the Foundation of Institute of Remote
Sensing and Digital Earth, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y3SJ5900CX).
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 16
U2 32
PU TAIWAN ASSOC AEROSOL RES-TAAR
PI TAICHUNG COUNTY
PA CHAOYANG UNIV TECH, DEPT ENV ENG & MGMT, PROD CTR AAQR, NO 168, JIFONG E
RD, WUFONG TOWNSHIP, TAICHUNG COUNTY, 41349, TAIWAN
SN 1680-8584
EI 2071-1409
J9 AEROSOL AIR QUAL RES
JI Aerosol Air Qual. Res.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 4
BP 977
EP 989
DI 10.4209/aaqr.2015.01.0057
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DK2UV
UT WOS:000374770800005
ER
PT J
AU Ronchi, E
Reneke, PA
Peacock, RD
AF Ronchi, Enrico
Reneke, Paul A.
Peacock, Richard D.
TI A conceptual fatigue-motivation model to represent pedestrian movement
during stair evacuation
SO APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Evacuation; Egress; Stair; Fatigue; Modelling; Pedestrian
ID DYNAMICS; DESIGN; AFFORDANCES; PERFORMANCE; PERCEPTION; SIMULATION;
BEHAVIOR; HUMANS; PEOPLE; CHOICE
AB Evacuation models often neglect the impact of fatigue on pedestrian movement during stair evacuation. While a limited number of sub-models are available in the literature to represent fatigue during evacuations, they mostly refer to simple, fixed walking speed reductions due to physical fatigue. This paper introduces a more comprehensive conceptual model for the representation of the impact of fatigue on the performance of evacuees during building stair evacuation. The model is presented considering its conceptual formulation and the issues associated with its implementation. First, a comprehensive conceptual representation of the factors concerning fatigue affecting human behaviour is discussed. The model takes into account (1) physical factors (i.e., physical fatigue), and (2) psychological factors (i.e., motivation, intended as the variable balancing the perceived risk and the perceived fatigue). Second, the application of the proposed fatigue-motivation model to a hydraulic or Newtonian based evacuation modelling tool is discussed at various levels of sophistication. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ronchi, Enrico] Lund Univ, Dept Fire Safety Engn, Lund, Sweden.
[Reneke, Paul A.; Peacock, Richard D.] NIST, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ronchi, E (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Fire Safety Engn, Lund, Sweden.
EM enrico.ronchi@brand.lth.se
OI Ronchi, Enrico/0000-0002-2789-6359
NR 69
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0307-904X
EI 1872-8480
J9 APPL MATH MODEL
JI Appl. Math. Model.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 40
IS 7-8
BP 4380
EP 4396
DI 10.1016/j.apm.2015.11.040
PG 17
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics
GA DJ7BS
UT WOS:000374367500008
ER
PT J
AU Lee, TN
Melo, N
Smith, N
Johns, EM
Kelble, CR
Smith, RH
Ortner, PB
AF Lee, Thomas N.
Melo, Nelson
Smith, Ned
Johns, Elizabeth M.
Kelble, Christopher R.
Smith, Ryan H.
Ortner, Peter B.
TI Circulation and water renewal of Florida Bay, USA
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTINENTAL-SHELF; VARIABILITY; SALINITY; EXCHANGE; QUALITY; KEYS
AB The circulation and exchange processes controlling transport and water renewal within the western subregion of Florida Bay, USA, are presented and compared to our previous findings for the north-central and northeast subregions of the bay. We find there is a common bank/basin flow response to wind forcing that is the primary driver of water renewal for each of the regions studied. Florida Bay is a patchwork of shallow basins surrounded by very shallow banks that are cut through with deeper channels connecting to nearby basins. We observed that, for each subregion studied, there was a net downwind basin outflow through the larger channels that was approximately balanced by a net basin inflow over the surrounding shallow banks. The resulting basin throughflows are used to estimate exchange times for renewal of western basin waters of approximately 1 mo. This exchange time is sufficient to prevent hypersalinity and degradation of water quality in the western basin, in contrast to the north-central subregion, where hypersalinity development is an annual occurrence. Our results highlight the importance of wind induced water renewal in shallow coastal bays with weak to moderate tidal exchange. In addition, we have discovered a significant clockwise circulation pattern through the western basins from strong inflows of coastal waters through Flamingo Channel that turn southward through the western basins before rejoining the coastal flow toward the Florida Keys tidal passages and Atlantic coastal zone. A practical solution to control hypersalinity, sea grass die-off, and water quality degradation of Florida Bay is proposed.
C1 [Lee, Thomas N.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Dept Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Lee, Thomas N.] 880 Catfish Ave, New Smyrna Beach, FL 32169 USA.
[Melo, Nelson] Florida Int Univ, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Smith, Ned] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol Sci, 5775 Old Dixie Highway, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
[Johns, Elizabeth M.; Smith, Ryan H.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Phys Oceanog Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Kelble, Christopher R.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Ocean Chem & Ecosyst Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Ortner, Peter B.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Lee, TN (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Dept Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.; Lee, TN (reprint author), 880 Catfish Ave, New Smyrna Beach, FL 32169 USA.
EM tlee8@cfl.rr.com
RI Johns, Elizabeth/I-3547-2013; Kelble, Christopher/A-8511-2008; Smith,
Ryan/A-5706-2011
OI Johns, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2181-5052; Kelble,
Christopher/0000-0003-0914-4134; Smith, Ryan/0000-0001-9824-6989
FU NOAA/CIMAS through the South Florida Program [NA17RJ1226]; NOAA's
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
FX Our present understanding of the circulation and exchange processes of
Florida Bay was made possible by the dedicated service of marine
technicians M Graham and R Jones in maintaining the instrumentation,
constructing the specialized shallow moorings, and taking part in the
field work. We also thank B Roddy and G Rawson for their help with
instrumentation and field observations. Our interior basin study
benefited from continuity of the monthly Florida Bay surveys of the R/V
VIRGINIA K maintained by C Kelble and J Judas. The CMAN wind data were
collected as part of a cooperative agreement between FIO and NOAA/NDBC
through the SEAKEYS Program. Support for our Florida Bay circulation
studies was provided by NOAA/CIMAS through the South Florida Program
2004, Contract NA17RJ1226. Partial support for N Melo, EM Johns, CR
Kelble, and RH Smith was provided by NOAA's Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 7
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
EI 1553-6955
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 92
IS 2
BP 153
EP 180
DI 10.5343/bms.2015.1019
PG 28
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DL0XS
UT WOS:000375356500001
ER
PT J
AU Dixon, KW
Lanzante, JR
Nath, MJ
Hayhoe, K
Stoner, A
Radhakrishnan, A
Balaji, V
Gaitan, CF
AF Dixon, Keith W.
Lanzante, John R.
Nath, Mary Jo
Hayhoe, Katharine
Stoner, Anne
Radhakrishnan, Aparna
Balaji, V.
Gaitan, Carlos F.
TI Evaluating the stationarity assumption in statistically downscaled
climate projections: is past performance an indicator of future results?
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID CIRCULATION MODEL OUTPUT; DAILY VARIABILITY; BIAS CORRECTION;
PRECIPITATION; ASSESSMENTS; SIMULATION; INDEXES; TERMS
AB Empirical statistical downscaling (ESD) methods seek to refine global climate model (GCM) outputs via processes that glean information from a combination of observations and GCM simulations. They aim to create value-added climate projections by reducing biases and adding finer spatial detail. Analysis techniques, such as cross-validation, allow assessments of how well ESD methods meet these goals during observational periods. However, the extent to which an ESD method's skill might differ when applied to future climate projections cannot be assessed readily in the same manner. Here we present a "perfect model" experimental design that quantifies aspects of ESD method performance for both historical and late 21st century time periods. The experimental design tests a key stationarity assumption inherent to ESD methods - namely, that ESD performance when applied to future projections is similar to that during the observational training period. Case study results employing a single ESD method (an Asynchronous Regional Regression Model variant) and climate variable (daily maximum temperature) demonstrate that violations of the stationarity assumption can vary geographically, seasonally, and with the amount of projected climate change. For the ESD method tested, the greatest challenges in downscaling daily maximum temperature projections are revealed to occur along coasts, in summer, and under conditions of greater projected warming. We conclude with a discussion of the potential use and expansion of the perfect model experimental design, both to inform the development of improved ESD methods and to provide guidance on the use of ESD products in climate impacts analyses and decision-support applications.
C1 [Dixon, Keith W.; Lanzante, John R.; Nath, Mary Jo] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Hayhoe, Katharine; Stoner, Anne] Texas Tech Univ, Climate Sci Ctr, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Radhakrishnan, Aparna] Engility, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA.
[Balaji, V.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Gaitan, Carlos F.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Dixon, KW (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM Keith.Dixon@noaa.gov
RI Dixon, Keith/L-7120-2015;
OI Dixon, Keith/0000-0003-3044-326X; Gaitan, Carlos/0000-0003-3592-5196
FU U.S. Geologic Survey's South Central Climate Science Center [G12AC20512,
G13AC00387]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA)
Climate Program Office; Cooperative Institute for Climate Science,
Princeton University under NOAA [NA08OAR4320752]
FX Our work benefitted from discussions with several National Climate
Predictions and Projections Platform workshop participants, Claudia
Tebaldi, and Isaac Held. We thank Vaishali Naik, Gabriel Vecchi, and two
anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. The effort to
develop and implement this perfect model evaluation framework received
funding from the U.S. Geologic Survey's South Central Climate Science
Center (cooperative agreements G12AC20512 and G13AC00387) and the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Climate Program
Office. V. Balaji is supported by the Cooperative Institute for Climate
Science, Princeton University, under NOAA award NA08OAR4320752.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 135
IS 3-4
BP 395
EP 408
DI 10.1007/s10584-016-1598-0
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL2LQ
UT WOS:000375466700003
ER
PT J
AU Larson, JH
Richardson, WB
Evans, MA
Schaeffer, J
Wynne, T
Bartsch, M
Bartsch, L
Nelson, JC
Vallazza, J
AF Larson, James H.
Richardson, Wiliam B.
Evans, Mary Anne
Schaeffer, Jeff
Wynne, Timothy
Bartsch, Michelle
Bartsch, Lynn
Nelson, John. C.
Vallazza, Jon
TI Measuring spatial variation in secondary production and food quality
using a common consumer approach in Lake Erie
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE ecosystem process; fatty acids; Lake Erie; Lampsilis siliquoidea;
nearshore; river mouths
ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; GREAT-LAKES; CYANOBACTERIAL BLOOM; ZEBRA MUSSELS;
FATTY-ACIDS; TRENDS; RIVER; FISH; PROFILES; INVASION
AB Lake Erie is a large lake straddling the border of the USA and Canada that has become increasingly eutrophic in recent years. Eutrophication is particularly focused in the shallow western basin. The western basin of Lake Erie is hydrodynamically similar to a large estuary, with riverine inputs from the Detroit and Maumee Rivers mixing together and creating gradients in chemical and physical conditions. This study was driven by two questions: (1) How does secondary production and food quality for consumers vary across this large mixing zone? and (2) Are there correlations between cyanobacterial abundance and secondary production or food quality for consumers? Measuring spatial and temporal variation in secondary production and food quality is difficult for a variety of logistical reasons, so here a common consumer approach was used. In a common consumer approach, individuals of a single species are raised under similar conditions until placed in the field across environmental gradients of interest. After some period of exposure, the response of that common consumer is measured to provide an index of spatial variation in conditions. Here, a freshwater mussel (Lampsilis siliquoidea) was deployed at 32 locations that spanned habitat types and a gradient in cyanobacterial abundance in the western basin of Lake Erie to measure spatial variation in growth (an index of secondary production) and fatty acid (FA) content (an index of food quality). We found secondary production was highest within the Maumee river mouth and lowest in the open waters of the lake. Mussel tissues in the Maumee river mouth also included more eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic fatty acids (EPA and DPA, respectively), but fewer bacterial FAs, suggesting more algae at the base of the food web in the Maumee river mouth compared to open lake sites. The satellite-derived estimate of cyanobacterial abundance was not correlated to secondary production, but was positively related to EPA and DPA content in the mussels, suggesting more of these important FAs in locations with more cyanobacteria. These results suggest that growth of secondary consumers and the availability of important fatty acids in the western basin are centered on the Maumee river mouth.
C1 [Larson, James H.; Richardson, Wiliam B.; Bartsch, Michelle; Bartsch, Lynn; Nelson, John. C.; Vallazza, Jon] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
[Evans, Mary Anne; Schaeffer, Jeff] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Wynne, Timothy] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, 1305 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Larson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
EM jhlarson@usgs.gov
OI Nelson, John/0000-0002-7105-0107; Bartsch, Michelle/0000-0002-9571-5564
NR 58
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 12
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 3
BP 873
EP 885
DI 10.1890/15-0440
PG 13
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DK3TO
UT WOS:000374840500018
PM 27411257
ER
PT J
AU Burger, JL
Harries, ME
Bruno, TJ
AF Burger, Jessica L.
Harries, Megan E.
Bruno, Thomas J.
TI Characterization of Four Diesel Fuel Surrogates by the Advanced
Distillation Curve Method
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; PHYSICOCHEMICAL AUTHENTICITY; MIXTURE-MODELS;
JET-A; GASOLINE; IMPROVEMENTS; IGNITION; COMBUSTION; RP-1; S-8
AB The development of surrogate fuels with measured and predicted thermophysical properties similar to their authentic refinery stream counterparts is critical for the development of alternative fuels and the optimization of engines to increase efficiency and decrease emissions. In this work, four diesel fuel surrogates, formulated according to a reliable and proven procedure, were characterized by the advanced distillation curve (ADC) method to determine the composition and enthalpy of combustion in various distillate volume fractions. Tracking the composition and enthalpy of distillate fractions provides valuable information for determining structure property relationships and also provides the basis for the development of equations of state that can describe the thermodynamic properties of these complex or simplified mixtures. This comparison showed that the volatility characteristic of the four surrogates is quite similar not only to the target diesel fuel but also to a number of other prototype alternative diesel fuels. The number of components in the surrogates affected how closely their volatility profiles resembled diesel fuel, as might be expected. The surrogate labeled V0a, consisting of just four components, was the most dissimilar to the target diesel fuel with respect to the initial boiling point and volatility curve shape. This suggests that, although minimizing the number of components greatly eases modeling and formulation efforts, caution should be used to avoid oversimplifying the surrogate mixtures.
C1 [Burger, Jessica L.; Harries, Megan E.; Bruno, Thomas J.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Bruno, TJ (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM bruno@boulder.nist.gov
FU PREP postdoctoral associateship program; PREP graduate fellowship
program
FX J.B. acknowledges the PREP postdoctoral associateship program support
for research performed at NIST-Boulder for this work. M.H. acknowledges
the PREP graduate fellowship program support for research performed at
NIST-Boulder for this work.
NR 62
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
EI 1520-5029
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 4
BP 2813
EP 2820
DI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00107
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA DK3GF
UT WOS:000374804400029
ER
PT J
AU Delgado, JP
Elliott, K
Cantelas, F
Schwemmer, RV
AF Delgado, James P.
Elliott, Kelley
Cantelas, Frank
Schwemmer, Robert V.
TI Initial Archaeological Survey of the ex-USS Independence (CVL-22)
SO JOURNAL OF MARITIME ARCHAEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Survey; Autonomous underwater vehicles; Nuclear; Deep-water; Cold War
AB The Boeing Company, collaborating with NOAA to address innovative ways to make ocean observations, provided their autonomous underwater vehicle, Echo Ranger, to conduct the first deep-water archaeological survey of the scuttled aircraft carrier USS Independence in the waters of Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary in March 2015. While a preliminary effort, and not comprehensive, the survey confirmed that a sonar feature (previously not proven to be an archaeological feature) charted at the location was Independence, and provided details on the condition of the wreck. At the same time, new information from declassified government reports provided more detail on Independence's use as a naval test craft for radiological decontamination as well as its use as a repository for radioactive materials at the time of its scuttling in 1951. The wreck is historically significant, but also of archaeological significance as an artifact of the early years of the atomic age and of the Cold War. This article summarizes Independence's contexts, its nuclear history, and the results of the survey of the wreck site.
C1 [Delgado, James P.; Schwemmer, Robert V.] NOAAs Off Natl Marine Sanctuaries, Maritime Heritage Program, 1305 East West Highway,SSMC4,11th Floor, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA.
[Elliott, Kelley; Cantelas, Frank] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, 1315 East West Highway,SSMC3,10th Floor, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Schwemmer, Robert V.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, West Coast Reg, Ocean Sci Educ Bldg 514,MC 6155, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Delgado, JP (reprint author), NOAAs Off Natl Marine Sanctuaries, Maritime Heritage Program, 1305 East West Highway,SSMC4,11th Floor, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA.
EM james.delgado@noaa.gov; Kelley.elliott@noaa.gov;
frank.cantelas@noaa.gov; robert.schwemmer@noaa.gov
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1557-2285
EI 1557-2293
J9 J MARIT ARCHAEOL
JI J. Marit. Archaeol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 1
BP 9
EP 24
DI 10.1007/s11457-016-9152-9
PG 16
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA DK5IW
UT WOS:000374954600003
ER
PT J
AU Delgado, JP
AF Delgado, James P.
TI After Crossroads: The Fate of the Atomic Bomb Target Fleet
SO JOURNAL OF MARITIME ARCHAEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Naval; Atomic weapons; Cold War
AB The atomic tests at Bikini Atoll left a submerged archaeological legacy in the form of sixty-one shipwrecks at or near Bikini, Kwajalein, the California coast, and in two other lesser cases off Oahu and the coast of Washington State. Together they comprise a unique maritime cultural landscape of the Cold War, and the naval aspects of that conflict.
C1 [Delgado, James P.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Delgado, JP (reprint author), NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM james.delgado@noaa.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1557-2285
EI 1557-2293
J9 J MARIT ARCHAEOL
JI J. Marit. Archaeol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 1
BP 25
EP 31
DI 10.1007/s11457-016-9154-7
PG 7
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA DK5IW
UT WOS:000374954600004
ER
PT J
AU Delgado, JP
AF Delgado, James P.
TI The Atomic Bomb, Operation Crossroads, the Cold War and Cold War Naval
Archaeology: A Suggested Reading List
SO JOURNAL OF MARITIME ARCHAEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Delgado, James P.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Delgado, JP (reprint author), NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM james.delgado@noaa.gov
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1557-2285
EI 1557-2293
J9 J MARIT ARCHAEOL
JI J. Marit. Archaeol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 1
BP 33
EP 34
DI 10.1007/s11457-016-9155-6
PG 2
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA DK5IW
UT WOS:000374954600005
ER
PT J
AU Carter, BR
Williams, NL
Gray, AR
Feely, RA
AF Carter, B. R.
Williams, N. L.
Gray, A. R.
Feely, R. A.
TI Locally interpolated alkalinity regression for global alkalinity
estimation
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS
LA English
DT Article
ID SATURATION STATE; SURFACE WATERS; OCEAN; CARBON; DEEP
AB We introduce methods and software for estimating total seawater alkalinity from salinity and any combination of up to four other parameters (potential temperature, apparent oxygen utilization, total dissolved nitrate, and total silicate). The methods return estimates anywhere in the global ocean with comparable accuracy to other published alkalinity estimation techniques. The software interpolates between a predetermined grid of coefficients for linear regressions onto arbitrary latitude, longitude, and depth coordinates, and thereby avoids the estimate discontinuities many similar methods return when transitioning from one regression constant set to another. The software can also return uncertainty estimates scaled by user-provided input parameter uncertainties. The methods have been optimized for the open ocean, for which we estimate globally averaged errors of 5.8-10.4 mol kg(-1) depending on which combination of regression parameters is used. We expect these methods to be especially useful for better constraining the carbonate system from measurement platformssuch as biogeochemical Argo floatsthat are only capable of measuring one carbonate system parameter (e.g., pH). It may also provide a useful way of simulating alkalinity for Earth system models that do not resolve the tracer prognostically.
C1 [Carter, B. R.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Carter, B. R.; Feely, R. A.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Williams, N. L.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Gray, A. R.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Carter, BR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Carter, BR (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Brendan.carter@noaa.gov
RI Williams, Nancy/I-3472-2015;
OI Williams, Nancy/0000-0002-6541-9385; Gray, Alison/0000-0002-1644-7654;
Carter, Brendan/0000-0003-2445-0711
FU Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP)
[N8R1SE3-PRF]; US Global Carbon Data Management and Synthesis Project
[N8R3CEA-PDM]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
FX We would like to thank Dr. Robert Key for helpful comments early in the
process and Dr. Kelly Kearney for help with code optimization. Datasets
were acquired from the Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center
(CDIAC) webpage, from the HOT-DOGS data portal
(http://hahana.soest.hawaii.edu/hot/hot-dogs/), and from the BATS data
portal (http://bats.bios.edu/). We are grateful to Kathy Tedesco of the
Climate Observation Division of the NOAA Climate Program Office for
funding for this research. Funding was provided by the Global Ocean
Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP) (N8R1SE3-PRF)
and the US Global Carbon Data Management and Synthesis Project
(N8R3CEA-PDM). A. R. Gray was supported by a National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral
Fellowship. This is PMEL contribution number 4390 and JISAO contribution
number 2503.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 8
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1541-5856
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR-METH
JI Limnol. Oceanogr. Meth.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 14
IS 4
BP 268
EP 277
DI 10.1002/lom3.10087
PG 10
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DK2WE
UT WOS:000374774300004
ER
PT J
AU Baerwald, MR
Meek, MH
Stephens, MR
Nagarajan, RP
Goodbla, AM
Tomalty, KMH
Thorgaard, GH
May, B
Nichols, KM
AF Baerwald, Melinda R.
Meek, Mariah H.
Stephens, Molly R.
Nagarajan, Raman P.
Goodbla, Alisha M.
Tomalty, Katharine M. H.
Thorgaard, Gary H.
May, Bernie
Nichols, Krista M.
TI Migration-related phenotypic divergence is associated with epigenetic
modifications in rainbow trout
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE epigenetics; life history variation; Oncorhynchus mykiss; plasticity;
smoltification
ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; PARR-SMOLT
TRANSFORMATION; LONG-DISTANCE MIGRATION; SALMON SALMO-SALAR;
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; DNA METHYLATION; CIRCADIAN CLOCK; ATLANTIC SALMON;
STEELHEAD TROUT
AB Migration is essential for the reproduction and survival of many animals, yet little is understood about its underlying molecular mechanisms. We used the salmonid Oncorhynchus mykiss to gain mechanistic insight into smoltification, which is a morphological, physiological and behavioural transition undertaken by juveniles in preparation for seaward migration. O. mykiss is experimentally tractable and displays intra- and interpopulation variation in migration propensity. Migratory individuals can produce nonmigratory progeny and vice versa, indicating a high degree of phenotypic plasticity. One potential way that phenotypic plasticity might be linked to variation in migration-related life history tactics is through epigenetic regulation of gene expression. To explore this, we quantitatively measured genome-scale DNA methylation in fin tissue using reduced representation bisulphite sequencing of F-2 siblings produced from a cross between steelhead (migratory) and rainbow trout (nonmigratory) lines. We identified 57 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between smolt and resident O. mykiss juveniles. DMRs were high in magnitude, with up to 62% differential methylation between life history types, and over half of the gene-associated DMRs were in transcriptional regulatory regions. Many of the DMRs encode proteins with activity relevant to migration-related transitions (e.g. circadian rhythm pathway, nervous system development, protein kinase activity). This study provides the first evidence of a relationship between epigenetic variation and life history divergence associated with migration-related traits in any species.
C1 [Baerwald, Melinda R.; Meek, Mariah H.; Goodbla, Alisha M.; Tomalty, Katharine M. H.; May, Bernie] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Stephens, Molly R.] Univ Calif Merced, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA.
[Nagarajan, Raman P.] GlaxoSmithKline, Canc Epigenet Discovery Performance Unit, Collegeville, PA 19426 USA.
[Thorgaard, Gary H.] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Thorgaard, Gary H.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Reprod Biol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Nichols, Krista M.] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Baerwald, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM mrbaerwald@ucdavis.edu
OI Meek, Mariah/0000-0002-3219-4888
FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife [P0740017]; NIH [S10RR029668,
S10RR027303]
FX This work was made possible by funding from the California Department of
Fish and Wildlife, contract number P0740017. We thank Michael Miller at
University of California, Davis, for assistance with data processing
scripts for using the U.S. O. mykiss draft genome assembly. We are
grateful to Paul Wheeler at Washington State University for his
instrumental role in producing original clonal lines and F2
doubled haploid individuals. We thank Jessica Petersen and three
anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This work used the
Vincent J. Coates Genomics Sequencing Laboratory at UC Berkeley,
supported by NIH S10 Instrumentation Grants S10RR029668 and S10RR027303.
NR 118
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 26
U2 48
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
EI 1365-294X
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 25
IS 8
BP 1785
EP 1800
DI 10.1111/mec.13231
PG 16
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA DK2WY
UT WOS:000374776300012
PM 25958780
ER
PT J
AU Weng, FZ
Yang, H
AF Weng, Fuzhong
Yang, Hu
TI Validation of ATMS Calibration Accuracy Using Suomi NPP Pitch Maneuver
Observations
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE ATMS; Calibration; Pitch-Maneuver
ID GRIDPOINT TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES; RADIOSONDE VALIDATION; MSU CHANNEL-2;
CONSTRUCTION; PRECISION
AB The Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) satellite was launched on 28 October, 2011, and carries the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) onboard. Currently, ATMS performance in orbit is very stable and the calibration parameters (e.g., noise and accuracy) meet specifications. This study documents an ATMS calibration error budget model and its results for community reference. The calibration accuracy is also verified with the ATMS pitch maneuver observations of cold space. It is shown that the ATMS pitch maneuver cold space observations at center positions are inconsistent with the values predicted by the instrument calibration error budget model. The biases also depend on scan angle. This scan-angle dependence may be caused by the ATMS plane reflector emission. Thus, a physical model is developed to simulate the radiation emitted from the reflector and is recommended as part of ATMS radiance calibration to further improve the sensor data record (SDR) data quality.
C1 [Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Yang, Hu] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Weng, FZ (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Fuzhong.Weng@noaa.gov; huyang@umd.edu
RI Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
FU NOAA Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) Program Office
FX The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent those of NOAA. The research is supported by
NOAA Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) Program Office.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 4
AR 332
DI 10.3390/rs8040332
PG 14
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA DK8DD
UT WOS:000375156500065
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, XP
Heidinger, AK
Walther, A
AF Zhao, Xuepeng
Heidinger, Andrew K.
Walther, Andi
TI Climatology Analysis of Aerosol Effect on Marine Water Cloud from
Long-Term Satellite Climate Data Records
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE aerosol; cloud; climate data record; aerosol indirect effect; satellite
ID MOMENT MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATION; CHARACTERIZATION EXPERIMENT ACE-2;
BOUNDARY-LAYER CLOUDS; PART I; ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS; NUMBER
CONCENTRATION; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; CONDENSATION NUCLEI; POLLUTION
AEROSOL; OPTICAL-THICKNESS
AB Satellite aerosol and cloud climate data records (CDRs) have been used successfully to study the aerosol indirect effect (AIE). Data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) now span more than 30 years and allow these studies to be conducted from a climatology perspective. In this paper, AVHRR data are used to study the AIE on water clouds over the global oceans. Correlation analysis between aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and cloud parameters, including cloud droplet effective radius (CDER), cloud optical depth (COD), cloud water path (CWP), and cloud cover fraction (CCF), is performed. For the first time from satellite observations, the long-term trend in AIE over the global oceans is also examined. Three regimes have been identified: (1) AOT < 0.08, where CDER increases with AOT; (2) 0.08 < AOT < 0.3, where CDER generally decreases when AOT increases; and (3) AOT > 0.3, where CDER first increases with AOT and then levels off. AIE is easy to manifest in the CDER reduction in the second regime (named Regime 2), which is identified as the AIE sensitive/effective regime. The AIE manifested in the consistent changes of all four cloud variables (CDER, COD, CWP, and CCF) together is located only in limited areas and with evident seasonal variations. The long-term trend of CDER changes due to the AIE of AOT changes is detected and falls into three scenarios: Evident CDER decreasing (increasing) with significant AOT increasing (decreasing) and evident CDER decreasing with limited AOT increasing but AOT values fall in the AIE sensitive Regime 2.
C1 [Zhao, Xuepeng] NOAA, NCEI, NESDIS, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
[Heidinger, Andrew K.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, NESDIS, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Walther, Andi] UW Madison, CIMSS, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Zhao, XP (reprint author), NOAA, NCEI, NESDIS, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM xuepeng.zhao@noaa.gov; andrew.heidinger@noaa.gov;
andi.walther@ssec.wisc.edu
RI Heidinger, Andrew/F-5591-2010;
OI Heidinger, Andrew/0000-0001-7631-109X; Zhao, Xuepeng/0000-0001-6491-3907
FU NOAA CDR program
FX This work is supported by the NOAA CDR program managed at the National
Centers of Environment Information (NCEI) of NOAA/NESDIS. NCEI internal
reviewers helped improve the paper. The constructive comments and
suggestions provided by four anonymous reviewers were very helpful for
improving the paper. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this
paper are those of the author(s) and should not be construed as an
official National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or U.S.
Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 85
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 5
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 4
AR 300
DI 10.3390/rs8040300
PG 22
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA DK8DD
UT WOS:000375156500033
ER
PT J
AU Castro, JM
Beavers, A
AF Castro, Janine M.
Beavers, Aaron
TI Providing Aquatic Organism Passage in Vertically Unstable Streams
SO WATER
LA English
DT Article
DE fish passage; barriers; culverts; incision; grade stabilization; stream
evolution
ID FISH PASSAGE; WASHINGTON; ROADS
AB Aquatic organism passage barriers have been identified as one of the key impediments to recovery of salmonids and other migratory aquatic organisms in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. As such, state and federal agencies invest millions of dollars annually to address passage barriers. Because many barriers function as ad hoc grade control structures, their removal and/or replacement can unwittingly set off a cascade of effects that can negatively impact the very habitat and passage that project proponents seek to improve. The resultant vertical instability can result in a suite of effects that range from floodplain disconnection and loss of backwater and side channel habitat, to increased levels of turbidity. Risk assessment, including an evaluation of both the stage of stream evolution and a longitudinal profile analysis, provides a framework for determining if grade control is warranted, and if so, what type of structure is most geomorphically appropriate. Potential structures include placement of large wood and roughness elements, and constructed riffles, step-pools, and cascades. The use of structure types that mimic natural reach scale geomorphic analogues should result in improved aquatic organism passage, increased structural resilience, and reduced maintenance.
C1 [Castro, Janine M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 2600 SE 98th Ave,Suite 100, Portland, OR 97266 USA.
[Beavers, Aaron] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1201 Lloyd Blvd, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
RP Castro, JM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 2600 SE 98th Ave,Suite 100, Portland, OR 97266 USA.
EM Janine_M_Castro@fws.gov; Aaron.Beavers@noaa.gov
OI Castro, Janine/0000-0002-1951-7507
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Oregon Fish and Wildlife
Office; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine
Fisheries Service, Portland Oregon Office
FX The development of this manuscript was supported solely by the authors'
employers, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Oregon Fish and
Wildlife Office, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Portland Oregon
Office.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 6
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2073-4441
J9 WATER-SUI
JI Water
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 4
AR 133
DI 10.3390/w8040133
PG 20
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA DK8DK
UT WOS:000375157200024
ER
PT J
AU Orbach, DN
Marshall, CD
Wursig, B
Mesnick, SL
AF Orbach, Dara N.
Marshall, Christopher D.
Wuersig, Bernd
Mesnick, Sarah L.
TI Variation in Female Reproductive Tract Morphology of the Common
Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
SO ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY
BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE genital diversity; reproductive tract morphology; reproductive biology;
vaginal fold; common bottlenose dolphin
ID SPERM COMPETITION; AGE; GROWTH; RAT; SPERMATOZOA; EVOLUTION; PORPOISE;
EJECTION; MUSCLES; OVARIAN
AB Cetaceans exhibit vaginal folds, unusual protrusions of the vaginal wall into the vaginal lumen. Inconsistent terminology and a lack of anatomical landmarks in the literature have hindered comparative studies of the form and function of vaginal folds. Our objectives are to: (1) develop a standardized measurement protocol for the reproductive tracts of female cetaceans, (2) assess variation in morphometrics within the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), and (3) determine if vaginal muscle is skeletal, and therefore of somatic origin in this species. We selected 15 measurements to characterize female reproductive tracts and evaluated variability using fresh or frozen-thawed specimens from southeastern USA representing a range of sexual maturity states and reproductive states (n=18 specimens). Presence of skeletal muscle and variation in the density of muscle banding were assessed using 90 histological samples (n=5 specimens). Analyses of the gross morphological data revealed that the dolphins generally had one large vaginal fold that bisected the vaginal lumen. Vaginal morphology was similar for sexually mature and immature specimens and across reproductive states. The histological data revealed that the vaginal musculature consisted of smooth muscle, consistent with other mammals, leading us to conclude that vaginal contractions are likely under autonomic rather than somatic control. No differences were found in the density of smooth muscle banding among vaginal regions or sexual maturity states. Our systematic protocol lays the foundation for evaluating the function (e.g., sexual selection, natural selection) and evolution of vaginal folds. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Orbach, Dara N.; Marshall, Christopher D.; Wuersig, Bernd] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, 200 Seawolf Pkwy, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
[Marshall, Christopher D.; Wuersig, Bernd] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Mesnick, Sarah L.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Orbach, DN (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, 200 Seawolf Pkwy, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.; Mesnick, SL (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM dnorbach@gmail.com; sarah.mesnick@noaa.gov
FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
[PGSD2-420080-2012]; American Museum of Natural History Lerner Gray
Memorial Fund; Texas Sea Grant; Texas Institute of Oceanography Graduate
Research Fellowship
FX Grant sponsor: Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of
Canada Postgraduate Scholarship-Doctoral (to D. N. O.); Grant number:
PGSD2-420080-2012; Grant sponsors: American Museum of Natural History
Lerner Gray Memorial Fund (to D. N. O.), Texas Sea Grant Grants-In-Aid
of Graduate Student Research (to D. N. O.), Texas Institute of
Oceanography Graduate Research Fellowship (to D. N. O.).
NR 77
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1932-8486
EI 1932-8494
J9 ANAT REC
JI Anat. Rec.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 299
IS 4
BP 520
EP 537
DI 10.1002/ar.23318
PG 18
WC Anatomy & Morphology
SC Anatomy & Morphology
GA DJ7FU
UT WOS:000374378100012
PM 26788790
ER
PT J
AU Kartalev, M
Keremidarska, V
Dryer, M
AF Kartalev, M.
Keremidarska, V.
Dryer, M.
TI Revisiting the Single-Fluid Modeling of the Solar Wind-Comet
Interaction: Closer Look at the Cometosheath
SO EARTH MOON AND PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
DE Solar wind-comet interaction; Single-fluid model; Mystery region; Comet
67P/C-G; Magnetic cavity boundary
ID PLASMA ENVIRONMENT; FLOW; 67P/CHURYUMOV-GERASIMENKO; MHD; PREDICTIONS;
SKJELLERUP; ATMOSPHERE; P/HALLEY
AB Earlier developed single fluid gas-dynamic model of solar wind-comet ionosphere interaction is applied to reveal some specifics in the morphology of the shocked "contaminated" solar wind region (cometosheath). The model is based on the Euler equations with added mass-loading, mass-loss and frictional force terms. Numerous reactions are taken into account in these terms including photoionization, charge transfer, dissociative recombination and ion-neutral frictional force. The electromagnetic terms are omitted, thus reducing the MHD single-fluid system of equations to gas-dynamic one. The used shock-fitting numerical scheme allows the separation of distinct areas formed by the considered interaction and exploration of their properties in detail. Attention is focused on the region between the shock wave and the contact surface as well as on the positions of these boundaries. Accurate examination of the distribution of density, temperature and velocity reveals spatial variations that resemble the variations registered by a number of spacecraft in the vicinity of comets. No specific comparisons with data are made at this stage. Two very first events of the Rosetta spacecraft's crossing of the magnetic cavity boundary around Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko are discussed using a "faux-transient" application of our steady-state model.
C1 [Kartalev, M.; Keremidarska, V.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Mech, Sofia, Bulgaria.
[Keremidarska, V.] Microsoft Inc, Seattle, WA USA.
[Dryer, M.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Dryer, M.] Carmel Res Ctr, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA.
RP Kartalev, M (reprint author), Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Mech, Sofia, Bulgaria.
EM m.kartalev@yahoo.com
FU International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern
FX The authors are members of an International Team in Space Science on
modeling cometary environments sponsored by the International Space
Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, and we thank ISSI for hospitality
during part of this work. The authors thank Prof. M. Lebedev from Moscow
State University for a very useful discussion and recommendations and
Prof. Susan McKenna-Lawlor of Space Technology Ireland, Ltd., for her
suggestion concerning the existence of the important "mystery" boundary
discussed herein. We thank the Teams of Rosetta Plasma Consortium
(RPC)-IGEP/IC, Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis
(ROSINA)-UBern/ BIRA/LATMOS/LMM/ IRAP/MPS/SwRI/TUB/Umich and Optical,
Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System (OSIRIS)-MPS/UPD/LAM/
IAA/SSO/INTA/UPM/ DASP/IDA for providing preliminary information about
the 29 July comet outburst event in ESA Internet sites.
NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-9295
EI 1573-0794
J9 EARTH MOON PLANETS
JI Earth Moon Planets
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 117
IS 2-3
BP 109
EP 132
DI 10.1007/s11038-016-9485-2
PG 24
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology
GA DK1LB
UT WOS:000374672700005
ER
PT J
AU Deary, AL
Metscher, B
Brill, RW
Hilton, EJ
AF Deary, Alison L.
Metscher, Brian
Brill, Richard W.
Hilton, Eric J.
TI Shifts of sensory modalities in early life history stage estuarine
fishes (Sciaenidae) from the Chesapeake Bay using X-ray micro computed
tomography
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Drums; Ecomorphology; Ontogeny; Larvae; Foraging habitat; Brain
ID BRAIN-AREAS; FIBER-CONNECTIONS; INNER-EAR; SEBASTISCUS-MARMORATUS;
NAVODON-MODESTUS; MORPHOLOGY; TELEOST; TELENCEPHALON; ORGANIZATION;
PATTERNS
AB Increases in human populations along coasts have altered the estuarine nursery habitats that are important for many aquatic organisms. These perturbations include changes to the sensory environment due to increased turbidity resulting from runoff and nutrient loading; these changes are occurring faster than fish species can become adapted to the new prevailing conditions. However, understanding how modifications to the sensory environment impacts fishes during early life history stages (ELHS) requires understanding the senses used to locate food and evade predators and how they change during ontogeny. The drums (Sciaenidae) exhibit substantial morphological diversity in their peripheral sense organs as adults. We, therefore, used the relative volumes of their brain structures to assess ontogenetic changes in the sensory modalities of sciaenid species from different foraging guilds. Early stage sciaenids were imaged using X-ray micro computed tomography. The optic tract was the largest sensory region, suggesting that vision is the primary sensory modality in sciaenids, regardless of size, species, or foraging habitat. There were differences in the relative proportions of the other sensory areas according to foraging guild. These differences suggest that Cynoscion nebulosus (a pelagic forager) relies on audition and mechanoreception through ontogeny to augment vision, whereas Sciaenops ocellatus (a generalist forager) uses olfaction, audition, and mechanoreception. In contrast, Leiostomus xanthurus (a benthic forager) relies on olfaction and gustation. We propose that the ontogenetic trends in sensory modality described in sciaenids from the Chesapeake Bay (USA) can be used in future research to ascertain the potential species-specific impacts of water quality change on ELHS fishes.
C1 [Deary, Alison L.; Hilton, Eric J.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, POB 1346,1375 Greate Rd, Gloucester Point, VA 23690 USA.
[Metscher, Brian] Univ Vienna, Dept Theoret Biol, Althanstr 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Brill, Richard W.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, James J Howard Marine Sci Lab, 74 Magruder Rd, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
[Deary, Alison L.] Univ So Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Dept Coastal Sci, 703 East Beach Dr, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA.
RP Deary, AL (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Dept Coastal Sci, 703 East Beach Dr, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA.
EM al.deary15@gmail.com
NR 52
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 99
IS 4
BP 361
EP 375
DI 10.1007/s10641-016-0479-8
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DK1KH
UT WOS:000374670500004
ER
PT J
AU Becker, E
van den Dool, H
AF Becker, Emily
van den Dool, Huug
TI Probabilistic Seasonal Forecasts in the North American Multimodel
Ensemble: A Baseline Skill Assessment
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID TO-INTERANNUAL PREDICTION; CLIMATE; SYSTEM; SIZE; RATIONALE; SUCCESS;
SCORE
AB The North American Multimodel Ensemble (NMME) forecasting system has been continuously producing seasonal forecasts since August 2011. The NMME, with its suite of diverse models, provides a valuable opportunity for characterizing forecast confidence using probabilistic forecasts. The current experimental probabilistic forecast product (in map format) presents the most likely tercile for the seasonal mean value, chosen out of above normal, near normal, or below normal categories, using a nonparametric counting method to determine the probability of each class. The skill of the 3 -month -mean probabilistic forecasts of 2-m surface temperature (T2m), precipitation rate, and sea surface temperature is assessed using forecasts from the 29-yr (1982-2010) NMME hindcast database. Three forecast configurations are considered: a full six model NMME; a "mini-NMME" with 24 members, four each from six models; and the 24 -member CFSv2 alone. Skill is assessed on the cross -validated hindcasts using the Brier skill score (BSS); forecast reliability and resolution are also assessed. This study provides a baseline skill assessment of the current method of creating probabilistic forecasts from the NMME system.
For forecasts in the above- and below -normal terciles for all variables and geographical regions examined in this study, BSS for NMME forecasts is higher than BSS for CFSv2 forecasts. Nitio-3.4 forecasts from the full NMME and the mini-NMME receive nearly identical BSS that are higher than BSS for CFSv2 forecasts. Even systems with modest BSS, such as T2m in the Northern Hemisphere, have generally high reliability, as shown in reliability diagrams.
C1 [Becker, Emily; van den Dool, Huug] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NCEP, NWS, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Becker, E (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM emily.becker@noaa.gov
FU MAPP program award; NOAA; NSF; NASA; DOE
FX The authors thank the three anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly
improved this manuscript. This study was supported by a MAPP program
award. NMME project and data dissemination is supported by NOAA, NSF,
NASA, and DOE. The NMME forecasts and data archive are created, updated,
and maintained by NCEP, IRI, and NCAR personnel.
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 8
BP 3015
EP 3026
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00862.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK7ZN
UT WOS:000375146100008
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, C
Sastre, AV
Hoffmeyer, M
Rowntree, VJ
Fire, SE
Santinelli, NH
Ovejero, SD
D'Agostino, V
Maron, CF
Doucette, GJ
Broadwater, MH
Wang, ZH
Montoya, N
Seger, J
Adler, FR
Sironi, M
Uhart, MM
AF Wilson, Cara
Viviana Sastre, A.
Hoffmeyer, Monica
Rowntree, Victoria J.
Fire, Spencer E.
Santinelli, Norma H.
Diaz Ovejero, Soledad
D'Agostino, Valeria
Maron, Carina F.
Doucette, Gregory J.
Broadwater, Margaret H.
Wang, Zhihong
Montoya, Nora
Seger, Jon
Adler, Frederick R.
Sironi, Mariano
Uhart, Marcela M.
TI Southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) calf mortality at Peninsula
Valdes, Argentina: Are harmful algal blooms to blame?
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Eubalaena australis; Peninsula Valdes; calf mortality; Pseudo-nitzschia
spp; Alexandrium tamarense; PSTs; DA; SeaWiFS; MODIS; toxins; harmful
algal blooms
ID PARALYTIC SHELLFISH TOXINS; TAMARENSE LEBOUR BALECH; SAN MATIAS GULF;
DOMOIC ACID; ALEXANDRIUM-TAMARENSE; KARENIA-BREVIS; GOLFO-NUEVO;
OF-MEXICO; RED-TIDE; DINOFLAGELLATE
AB Peninsula Valdes (PV) in Argentina is an important calving ground for southern right whales (SRWs, Eubalaena australis). Since 2005, right whale mortality has increased at PV, with most of the deaths (similar to 90%) being calves <3 mo old. We investigated the potential involvement of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in these deaths by examining data that include: timing of the SRW deaths, biotoxins in samples from dead SRWs, abundances of the diatom, Pseudo-nitzschia spp., and the dinoflagellate, Alexandrium tamarense, shellfish harvesting closure dates, seasonal availability of whale prey at PV and satellite chlorophyll data. Evidence of the whales' exposure to HAB toxins includes trace levels of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) and domoic acid (DA) in tissues of some dead whales, and fragments of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. frustules in whale feces. Additionally, whales are present at PV during both closures of the shellfish industry (due to high levels of PSTs) and periods with high levels of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. and A. tamarense. There is a positive statistical relationship between monthly Pseudo-nitzschia densities (but not A. tamarense) and calf deaths in both gulfs of PV.
C1 [Wilson, Cara] NOAA, Div Environm Res, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, 99 Pacific St,Suite 255A, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Viviana Sastre, A.; Santinelli, Norma H.; Diaz Ovejero, Soledad] Univ Nacl Patagonia San Juan Bosco, FCN, Lab Hidrobiol, Trelew, Chubut, Argentina.
[Hoffmeyer, Monica] CCTBB CONICET, Inst Argentino Oceanog, B8000FWB, Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
[Hoffmeyer, Monica] Univ Tecnol Nacl, Fac Reg Bahia Blanca, 11 Abril 461,B8000MLI, Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
[Rowntree, Victoria J.; Maron, Carina F.; Sironi, Mariano; Uhart, Marcela M.] Southern Right Whale Hlth Monitoring Program, RA-9120 Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
[Rowntree, Victoria J.; Maron, Carina F.; Seger, Jon; Adler, Frederick R.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Fire, Spencer E.; Doucette, Gregory J.; Broadwater, Margaret H.; Wang, Zhihong] NOAA, NOS, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Fire, Spencer E.] Florida Inst Technol, 150 W Univ Blvd, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
[D'Agostino, Valeria] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Ctr Nacl Patagon CENPAT, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
[Montoya, Nora] Inst Nacl Invest & Desarrollo Pesquero INIDEP, 7602HSA, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
[Adler, Frederick R.] Univ Utah, Dept Math, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Sironi, Mariano] Univ Nacl Cordoba, Diversidad Anim 2, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina.
[Uhart, Marcela M.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Hlth Inst 1, 1089 Vet Med Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Wilson, C (reprint author), NOAA, Div Environm Res, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, 99 Pacific St,Suite 255A, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
EM cara.wilson@noaa.gov
FU Office of Protected Resources of the US National Marine Fisheries
Service; National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
[DG133F-02-SE-0901, DG-133F-06-SE-5823, DG133F07SE4651]; U.S. Marine
Mammal Commission [E4047315, E4061768]; National Agency for Science and
Technology Promotion of Argentina (ANPCYT) [2096, 3091]; Ocean
Foundation; Island Foundation Inc.; Pacific Life Foundation; Lawrence
Foundation; Research and Education Opportunities International (CREOI)
grant; Wildlife Conservation Society; Ocean Alliance
FX We are grateful to the Office of Protected Resources of the US National
Marine Fisheries Service, National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) (Orders DG133F-02-SE-0901, DG-133F-06-SE-5823 and
DG133F07SE4651), the U.S. Marine Mammal Commission (Grants E4047315 and
E4061768), the National Agency for Science and Technology Promotion of
Argentina (ANPCYT) (Grants 2011-No 2096 and 2014-No 3091) the Ocean
Foundation, the Island Foundation Inc., the Pacific Life Foundation, the
Lawrence Foundation, Research and Education Opportunities International
(CREOI) grant to CFM, the Wildlife Conservation Society, and Ocean
Alliance for funding this research. We specially thank T. Rowles for her
support. Thanks to the divers and helmsmen of the Provincial Plan for
Prevention and Control of Red Tide (Chubut Province) for the collection
of phytoplankton samples. Thanks to all volunteers and members of
Southern Right Whale Health Monitoring Program team for their long hours
in the field and lab collecting and curating samples particularly, V.
Rago, L. La Sala, L. Pozzi, L. Musmeci, A. Chirife, M. Di Martino, and
L. Beltramino; the invaluable support of many kinds by D. Taboada, R.
Schteinbarg, M. Ricciardi, and volunteers of the Instituto de
Conservacion de Ballenas (ICB). Thanks to T. Knott and B. Haynes at
NOAA/NOS for assistance with biotoxin extractions and analyses. Thanks
to the Ministry of Fisheries of Chubut province for providing data on
timing of shell fishery closures and the data management group at the
NOAA/NMFS Environmental Research Division for making satellite data
easily accessible through the ERDDAP server developed by R. Simons.
Thanks to R. Brownell and L. DeWitt for their comments on earlier
versions of the manuscript. Research permits for this work were issued
annually by the Direccion de Fauna y Flora Silvestre and the
Subsecretaria de Turismo y Areas Protegidas of Chubut Province,
Argentina. Contribution INIDEP No. 1940.
NR 87
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 8
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 2
BP 423
EP 451
DI 10.1111/mms.12263
PG 29
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA DJ6UR
UT WOS:000374349200001
ER
PT J
AU Gruden, P
White, PR
Oswald, JN
Barkley, Y
Cerchio, S
Lammers, M
Baumann-Pickering, S
AF Gruden, Pina
White, Paul R.
Oswald, Julie N.
Barkley, Yvonne
Cerchio, Salvatore
Lammers, Marc
Baumann-Pickering, Simone
TI Differences in oscillatory whistles produced by spinner(Stenella
longirostris) and pantropical spotted (Stenella attenuata) dolphins
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE oscillatory whistles; whistle; global features; decision rule; dolphin;
spinner dolphin; pantropical spotted dolphin; Stenella longirostris;
Stenella attenuata; towed hydrophone array
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS;
SPINNER DOLPHINS; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; ECHOLOCATION CLICKS; AUTOMATIC
DETECTION; CLASSIFICATION; BEHAVIOR; WHALES
AB Acoustic recordings of two closely related species, spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) and pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata), were investigated from four different geographic locations: two in the Central Tropical Pacific, one in the Eastern Tropical Pacific and one in the Indian Ocean. The two delphinid species occur in tropical and warm temperate waters, with overlapping ranges. They produce very similar vocalizations, but at the same time their calls exhibit a certain degree of intraspecific variation among different geographic locations as has been observed in other delphinid species. Oscillatory whistles (whistles with at least two oscillations in their frequency contours) were identified and manually extracted from the recordings. Whistles with four or more maxima (oscillations) occurred only in spinner dolphins and they were present in all geographic regions investigated. In addition, the oscillatory whistles with two and three maxima were significantly more frequent in spinner than in spotted dolphins. The differences in oscillatory whistles for these two species seem to be consistent across study areas and therefore, could be used in addition to other whistle features to help distinguish between them.
C1 [Gruden, Pina; White, Paul R.] Univ Southampton, Inst Sound & Vibrat Res, Highfield SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Oswald, Julie N.] Biowaves Inc, 364 2nd St,Suite 3, Encinitas, CA 92024 USA.
[Barkley, Yvonne] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, 1845 Wasp Blvd,Bldg 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Cerchio, Salvatore] New England Aquarium, 1 Cent Wharf, Boston, MA 02110 USA.
[Lammers, Marc] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, POB 1346, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Baumann-Pickering, Simone] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Gruden, P (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Inst Sound & Vibrat Res, Highfield SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
EM pg3g12@soton.ac.uk
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 2
BP 520
EP 534
DI 10.1111/mms.12280
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA DJ6UR
UT WOS:000374349200006
ER
PT J
AU van der Hoop, JM
Corkeron, P
Kenney, J
Landry, S
Morin, D
Smith, J
Moore, MJ
AF van der Hoop, Julie M.
Corkeron, Peter
Kenney, John
Landry, Scott
Morin, David
Smith, Jamison
Moore, Michael J.
TI Drag from fishing gear entangling North Atlantic rightwhales
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE whale; fisheries; rope; thrust; line; drag coefficient; energetics
ID WHALES EUBALAENA-GLACIALIS; DOLPHINS TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; ENTANGLEMENT
INJURIES; POWER OUTPUT; FUR SEALS; DISENTANGLEMENT; SURVIVAL; BEHAVIOR;
HEALTH
AB Lethal and sublethal fishing gear entanglement is pervasive in North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis). Entanglement can lead to direct injury and is likely to incur substantial energetic costs. This study (1) evaluates drag characteristics of entangled right whales, (2) contextualizes gear drag measurements for individual whales, and (3) quantifies the benefits of partial disentanglement. A load cell measured drag forces on 15 sets of fishing gear removed from entangled right whales, a towed satellite telemetry buoy, and 200 m of polypropylene line as it was shortened to 25 m, as they were towed behind a vessel at similar to 0.77, 1.3, and 2.1 m/s (similar to 1.5, 2.5, and 4 knots) and similar to 0, 3, and 6 m depth. Mean drag ranges from 8.5 N to 315 N, and can be predicted from the dry weight or length of the gear. Combining gear drag measurements with theoretical estimates of drag on whales' bodies suggests that on average, entanglement increases drag and propulsive power by 1.47 fold. Reducing trailing line length by 75% can reduce parasitic gear drag by 85%, reinforcing current disentanglement response practices. These drag measurements can be incorporated into disentanglement response, serious injury determination, and evaluation of sublethal effects on population dynamics.
C1 [van der Hoop, Julie M.] MIT, Woods Hole Oceanog Inst Joint Program Oceanog App, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[van der Hoop, Julie M.; Moore, Michael J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, 266 Woods Hole Rd MS 50, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Corkeron, Peter] NOAA Fisheries, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Kenney, John] NOAA Fisheries, Greater Atlantic Reg Off, Saunderstown, RI 02874 USA.
[Landry, Scott] Ctr Coastal Studies, 5 Holway Ave, Provincetown, MA 02657 USA.
[Morin, David; Smith, Jamison] NOAA Fisheries, Greater Atlantic Reg Off, 55 Great Republ Dr, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
RP van der Hoop, JM (reprint author), MIT, Woods Hole Oceanog Inst Joint Program Oceanog App, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.; van der Hoop, JM (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, 266 Woods Hole Rd MS 50, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jvanderhoop@whoi.edu
OI van der Hoop, Julie/0000-0003-2327-9000
FU Herrington-Fitch Family Foundation; M.S. Worthington Foundation;
Cooperative Institute for the North Atlantic Region [CINAR]
[NA14OAR4320158]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada; MIT
FX This work was supported by grants from the Herrington-Fitch Family
Foundation, the M.S. Worthington Foundation, and the Cooperative
Institute for the North Atlantic Region [CINAR; NA14OAR4320158] to MJM
and JvdH. JvdH was supported by a Postgraduate Scholarship from the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and an MIT
Martin Family for Sustainability Fellowship.
NR 62
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 12
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 2
BP 619
EP 642
DI 10.1111/mms.12292
PG 24
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA DJ6UR
UT WOS:000374349200012
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, PO
Reeves, RR
Brownell, RL
AF Thomas, Peter O.
Reeves, Randall R.
Brownell, Robert L., Jr.
TI Status of the world's baleen whales
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE status; cetaceans; baleen whales; blue whales; whaling; ship strike;
entanglement; bycatch; anthropogenic noise; climate change; ocean
acidification; endangered species; IUCN; Red List
ID ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALE; EASTERN NORTH PACIFIC; ARCTIC MARINE MAMMALS;
SOUTHERN RIGHT WHALES; CHILEAN BLUE WHALES; HUMPBACK WHALES;
MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BALAENOPTERA-MUSCULUS; BOWHEAD
WHALES
AB No global synthesis of the status of baleen whales has been published since the 2008 IUCN Red List assessments. Many populations remain at low numbers from historical commercial whaling, which had ceased for all but a few by 1989. Fishing gear entanglement and ship strikes are the most severe current threats. The acute and long-term effects of anthropogenic noise and the cumulative effects of multiple stressors are of concern but poorly understood. The looming consequences of climate change and ocean acidification remain difficult to characterize. North Atlantic and North Pacific right whales are among the species listed as Endangered. Southern right, bowhead, and gray whales have been assessed as Least Concern but some subpopulations of these species - western North Pacific gray whales, Chile-Peru right whales, and Svalbard/Barents Sea and Sea of Okhotsk bowhead whales - remain at low levels and are either Endangered or Critically Endangered. Eastern North Pacific blue whales have reportedly recovered, but Antarctic blue whales remain at about 1% of pre-exploitation levels. Small isolated subspecies or subpopulations, such as northern Indian Ocean blue whales, Arabian Sea humpback whales, and Mediterranean Sea fin whales are threatened while most subpopulations of sei, Bryde's, and Omura's whales are inadequately monitored and difficult to assess.
C1 [Thomas, Peter O.; Reeves, Randall R.] Marine Mammal Commiss, 4340 East West Highway,Room 700, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Reeves, Randall R.] Okapi Wildlife Associates, 27 Chandler Lane, Hudson, PQ J0P 1H0, Canada.
[Brownell, Robert L., Jr.] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 34500 Highway 1, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
RP Thomas, PO (reprint author), Marine Mammal Commiss, 4340 East West Highway,Room 700, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
EM pthomas@mmc.gov
FU Marine Mammal Commission
FX We thank the Marine Mammal Commission for supporting this review. In
particular, we thank former Executive Director Tim Ragen for initiating
and championing the idea of such a global synthesis and current
Executive Director Rebecca Lent for supporting its conclusion. We thank
Daryl Boness, Frances Gulland, Michael Tillman, and David Laist for
their reviews of earlier versions. William Perrin, Brian Smith, and Mark
Richardson provided guidance at the outset of this effort. We thank Phil
Clapham, Peter Corkeron, and other reviewers whose comments greatly
improved the quality and content of the manuscript.
NR 312
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 45
U2 78
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 2
BP 682
EP 734
DI 10.1111/mms.12281
PG 53
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA DJ6UR
UT WOS:000374349200015
ER
PT J
AU Kato, S
Inaba, K
Sugawa, S
Shibata, K
Yamamoto, R
Yamashita, M
Takahashi, Y
AF Kato, Shinya
Inaba, Kensuke
Sugawa, Seiji
Shibata, Kosuke
Yamamoto, Ryuta
Yamashita, Makoto
Takahashi, Yoshiro
TI Laser spectroscopic probing of coexisting superfluid and insulating
states of an atomic Bose-Hubbard system
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOTT INSULATOR; TRANSITION; GASES
AB A system of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice has been regarded as an ideal quantum simulator for a Hubbard model with extremely high controllability of the system parameters. While making use of the controllability, a comprehensive measurement across the weakly to strongly interacting regimes in the Hubbard model to discuss the quantum many-body state is still limited. Here we observe a great change in the excitation energy spectra across the two regimes in an atomic Bose-Hubbard system by using a spectroscopic technique, which can resolve the site occupancy in the lattice. By quantitatively comparing the observed spectra and numerical simulations based on sum rule relations and a binary fluid treatment under a finite temperature Gutzwiller approximation, we show that the spectra reflect the coexistence of a delocalized superfluid state and a localized insulating state across the two regimes.
C1 [Kato, Shinya; Sugawa, Seiji; Shibata, Kosuke; Yamamoto, Ryuta; Takahashi, Yoshiro] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
[Inaba, Kensuke; Yamashita, Makoto] NTT Corp, NTT Basic Res Labs, Atsugi, Kanagawa 2430198, Japan.
[Kato, Shinya] Waseda Univ, Dept Appl Phys, 3-4-1 Okubo, Tokyo 1698555, Japan.
[Sugawa, Seiji] Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Shibata, Kosuke] Chuo Univ, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1128551, Japan.
RP Kato, S (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.; Kato, S (reprint author), Waseda Univ, Dept Appl Phys, 3-4-1 Okubo, Tokyo 1698555, Japan.
EM s.kato2@kurenai.waseda.jp
OI Yamamoto, Ryuta/0000-0003-0913-9853
FU JSPS [18204035, 21102005C01, 22684022, 14J02311, 25220711, 26247064];
GCOE Program The Next Generation of Physics; Spun from Universality;
Emergence from MEXT of Japan; FIRST program; JST CREST; Impulsing
Paradigm Change through Disruptive Technologies (ImPACT) program
FX We thank Y. Nakamura for valuable discussions. This work is supported by
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research of JSPS (Nos. 18204035,
21102005C01 (Quantum Cybernetics), 22684022, 14J02311, 25220711, and
26247064), the GCOE Program The Next Generation of Physics, Spun from
Universality and Emergence from MEXT of Japan, FIRST program, JST CREST,
and the Impulsing Paradigm Change through Disruptive Technologies
(ImPACT) program.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 6
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 11341
DI 10.1038/ncomms11341
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DJ9WS
UT WOS:000374564600001
PM 27094083
ER
PT J
AU Rivnay, J
Inal, S
Collins, BA
Sessolo, M
Stavrinidou, E
Strakosas, X
Tassone, C
Delongchamp, DM
Malliaras, GG
AF Rivnay, Jonathan
Inal, Sahika
Collins, Brian A.
Sessolo, Michele
Stavrinidou, Eleni
Strakosas, Xenofon
Tassone, Christopher
Delongchamp, Dean M.
Malliaras, George G.
TI Structural control of mixed ionic and electronic transport in conducting
polymers
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID ORGANIC ELECTROCHEMICAL TRANSISTORS; PEDOT-PSS FILMS; THIN-FILMS;
CONJUGATED POLYMERS; SOLAR-CELLS; X-RAY; MORPHOLOGY;
POLY(3,4-ETHYLENEDIOXYTHIOPHENE); SPECTROSCOPY; EFFICIENCY
AB Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrenesulfonate), PEDOT: PSS, has been utilized for over two decades as a stable, solution-processable hole conductor. While its hole transport properties have been the subject of intense investigation, recent work has turned to PEDOT: PSS as a mixed ionic/electronic conductor in applications including bioelectronics, energy storage and management, and soft robotics. Conducting polymers can efficiently transport both holes and ions when sufficiently hydrated, however, little is known about the role of morphology on mixed conduction. Here, we show that bulk ionic and electronic mobilities are simultaneously affected by processing-induced changes in nano- and meso-scale structure in PEDOT: PSS films. We quantify domain composition, and find that domain purification on addition of dispersion co-solvents limits ion mobility, even while electronic conductivity improves. We show that an optimal morphology allows for the balanced ionic and electronic transport that is critical for prototypical mixed conductor devices. These findings may pave the way for the rational design of polymeric materials and processing routes to enhance devices reliant on mixed conduction.
C1 [Rivnay, Jonathan; Inal, Sahika; Stavrinidou, Eleni; Strakosas, Xenofon; Malliaras, George G.] MOC, EMSE, CMP, Dept Bioelect, F-13541 Gardanne, France.
[Collins, Brian A.; Delongchamp, Dean M.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Collins, Brian A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Sessolo, Michele] Univ Valencia, Inst Ciencia Mol, Paterna 46980, Spain.
[Tassone, Christopher] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, SSRL, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Rivnay, Jonathan] PARC, 3333 Coyote Hill Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
RP Rivnay, J (reprint author), MOC, EMSE, CMP, Dept Bioelect, F-13541 Gardanne, France.
EM rivnay@gmail.com
RI Stavrinidou, Eleni/I-8526-2016;
OI Stavrinidou, Eleni/0000-0002-9357-776X; Sessolo,
Michele/0000-0002-9189-3005
FU Marie Curie post-doctoral fellowship (FP7); Fundacion BBVA, Spain
FX J.R. acknowledges support from a Marie Curie post-doctoral fellowship
(FP7). M.S. acknowledges the support by the Fundacion BBVA, Spain. We
acknowledge Prof. B. Winther-Jensen (Monash) for providing vapour-phase
polymerized PEDOT:Cl films, Dr E. Gann (Monash) for NEXAFS measurements,
Dr M. Ramuz (EMSE) for 3D printing efforts and I. Uguz (EMSE) for film
thickness measurements. We additionally thank Prof. C. Silva (Montreal)
for fruitful discussions. Portions of this research were carried out at
the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL), a national user
facility operated by the Stanford University on behalf of the US
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences.
NR 54
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 36
U2 111
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 11287
DI 10.1038/ncomms11287
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DJ6AC
UT WOS:000374291300001
PM 27090156
ER
PT J
AU Levine, J
Tavella, P
Santarelli, G
AF Levine, Judah
Tavella, Patrizia
Santarelli, Giorgio
TI Introduction to the Special Issue on Celebrating the 50th Anniversary of
the Allan Variance
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Levine, Judah] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Tavella, Patrizia] Ist Nazl Ric Metrol, INRIM, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
[Santarelli, Giorgio] Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, IOGS, Lab Photon Numer & Nanosci LP2N, F-33400 Talence, France.
RP Levine, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-3010
EI 1525-8955
J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR
JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 63
IS 4
BP 511
EP 512
DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2016.2545823
PG 2
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Acoustics; Engineering
GA DJ4HB
UT WOS:000374164900001
PM 27504513
ER
PT J
AU Allan, DW
Levine, J
AF Allan, David W.
Levine, Judah
TI A Historical Perspective on the Development of the Allan Variances and
Their Strengths and Weaknesses
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Allan variances (AVARs); atomic clocks; nonstationary processes;
precision analysis; time series analysis
AB Over the past 50 years, variances have been developed for characterizing the instabilities of precision clocks and oscillators. These instabilities are often modeled as nonstationary processes, and the variances have been shown to be well-behaved and to be unbiased, efficient descriptors of these types of processes. This paper presents a historical overview of the development of these variances. The time-domain and frequency-domain formulations are presented and their development is described. The strengths and weaknesses of these characterization metrics are discussed. These variances are also shown to be useful in other applications, such as in telecommunication.
C1 [Allan, David W.] Allans TIME, Fountain Green, UT 84632 USA.
[Levine, Judah] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Allan, DW (reprint author), Allans TIME, Fountain Green, UT 84632 USA.; Levine, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM david@allanstime.com; Judah.Levine@nist.gov
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-3010
EI 1525-8955
J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR
JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 63
IS 4
BP 513
EP 519
DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2016.2524687
PG 7
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Acoustics; Engineering
GA DJ4HB
UT WOS:000374164900002
PM 26890729
ER
PT J
AU Weiss, MA
Shenoi, K
AF Weiss, M. A.
Shenoi, Kishan
TI The Time Deviation in Packet-Based Synchronization
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Allan variance; packet networks; synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH);
synchronous optical network (SONET); time deviation (TDEV); time
variance (TVAR)
AB The telecommunications industry has used the time deviation (TDEV) very effectively for specifying network equipment clock performance as well as the performance of timing signals generated by Central Office equipment such as primary reference clocks and building integrated timing supplies (BITS) and synchronization supply units (SSUs). We discuss here the development of TDEV, and the variations of TDEV motivated by the advent of packet-switching and the steady transformation of the telecom network from circuit-switched-based to packet-switched-based. We illustrate these with simulation of the performance of the precise time protocol (PTP) across a packet-switched network. We then apply published methods to automatically determine noise types, and use these to predict time dispersion from a master clock for a slave clock using these PTP packets to stay synchronized. The result shows how TDEV and the other deviations provide an extensive array of tools for telecom networks, as well as for general time and frequency applications.
C1 [Weiss, M. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Shenoi, Kishan] Qulsar Inc, San Jose, CA 95110 USA.
RP Weiss, MA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM mweiss@nist.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-3010
EI 1525-8955
J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR
JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 63
IS 4
BP 531
EP 537
DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2015.2495011
PG 7
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Acoustics; Engineering
GA DJ4HB
UT WOS:000374164900004
PM 26529756
ER
PT J
AU Levine, J
AF Levine, Judah
TI An Algorithm for Synchronizing a Clock When the Data Are Received Over a
Network With an Unstable Delay
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Analysis of variance; frequency control; frequency locked loops;
low-frequency noise; phase noise; statistical distribution functions;
timing jitter
ID TIME SYNCHRONIZATION; COMPUTER; INTERNET
AB A method is presented for synchronizing the time of a clock to a remote time standard when the channel connecting the two has significant delay variation that can be described only statistically. The method compares the Allan deviation of the channel fluctuations to the free-running stability of the local clock, and computes the optimum interval between requests based on one of the three selectable requirements: 1) choosing the highest possible accuracy; 2) choosing the best tradeoff of cost versus accuracy; or 3) minimizing the number of requests to realize a specific accuracy. Once the interval between requests is chosen, the final step is to steer the local clock based on the received data. A typical adjustment algorithm, which supports both the statistical considerations based on the Allan deviation comparison and the timely detection of errors, is included as an example.
C1 [Levine, Judah] NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Levine, J (reprint author), NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Judah.Levine@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-3010
EI 1525-8955
J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR
JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 63
IS 4
BP 561
EP 570
DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2015.2495014
PG 10
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Acoustics; Engineering
GA DJ4HB
UT WOS:000374164900007
PM 26529759
ER
PT J
AU Ashby, N
Patla, B
AF Ashby, Neil
Patla, Bijunath
TI Simulations of the Hadamard Variance: Probability Distributions and
Confidence Intervals
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Analysis of variance; digital simulation; time series analysis
ID POWER-LAW NOISE; FREQUENCY STABILITY
AB Power-law noise in clocks and oscillators can be simulated by Fourier transforming a modified spectrum of white phase noise. This approach has been applied successfully to simulation of the Allan variance and the modified Allan variance in both overlapping and nonoverlapping forms. When significant frequency drift is present in an oscillator, at large sampling times the Allan variance overestimates the intrinsic noise, while the Hadamard variance is insensitive to frequency drift. The simulation method is extended in this paper to predict the Hadamard variance for the common types of power-law noise. Symmetric real matrices are introduced whose traces-the sums of their eigenvalues-are equal to the Hadamard variances, in overlapping or nonoverlapping forms, as well as for the corresponding forms of the modified Hadamard variance. We show that the standard relations between spectral densities and Hadamard variance are obtained with this method. The matrix eigenvalues determine probability distributions for observing a variance at an arbitrary value of the sampling interval tau, and hence for estimating confidence in the measurements.
C1 [Ashby, Neil; Patla, Bijunath] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Ashby, N; Patla, B (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM ashby@boulder.nist.gov; bijunath.patla@boulder.nist.gov
FU NASA, Division of Planetary Science [NNH12AT81I]
FX This work was supported in part by NASA, Division of Planetary Science,
under Grant NNH12AT81I.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-3010
EI 1525-8955
J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR
JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 63
IS 4
BP 636
EP 645
DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2015.2507441
PG 10
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Acoustics; Engineering
GA DJ4HB
UT WOS:000374164900014
PM 26672035
ER
PT J
AU Camp, CH
Lee, YJ
Cicerone, MT
AF Camp, Charles H., Jr.
Lee, Young Jong
Cicerone, Marcus T.
TI Quantitative, comparable coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS)
spectroscopy: correcting errors in phase retrieval
SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE coherent Raman spectroscopy; coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering;
phase retrieval; Kramers-Kronig; baseline detrending
ID HUMAN CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; MAXIMUM-ENTROPY; MICROSCOPY;
MICROSPECTROSCOPY
AB Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microspectroscopy has demonstrated significant potential for biological and materials imaging. To date, however, the primary mechanism of disseminating CARS spectroscopic information is through pseudocolor imagery, which explicitly neglects a vast majority of the hyperspectral data. Furthermore, current paradigms in CARS spectral processing do not lend themselves to quantitative sample-to-sample comparability. The primary limitation stems from the need to accurately measure the so-called nonresonant background (NRB) that is used to extract the chemically sensitive Raman information from the raw spectra. Measurement of the NRB on a pixel-by-pixel basis is a nontrivial task; thus, surrogate NRB from glass or water is typically utilized, resulting in error between the actual and estimated amplitude and phase. In this paper, we present a new methodology for extracting the Raman spectral features that significantly suppresses these errors through phase detrending and scaling. Classic methods of error correction, such as baseline detrending, are demonstrated to be inaccurate and to simply mask the underlying errors. The theoretical justification is presented by re-developing the theory of phase retrieval via the Kramers-Kronig relation, and we demonstrate that these results are also applicable to maximum entropy method-based phase retrieval. This new error-correction approach is experimentally applied to glycerol spectra and tissue images, demonstrating marked consistency between spectra obtained using different NRB estimates and between spectra obtained on different instruments. Additionally, in order to facilitate implementation of these approaches, we have made many of the tools described herein available free for download. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Camp, Charles H., Jr.; Lee, Young Jong; Cicerone, Marcus T.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Camp, CH (reprint author), NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM charles.camp@nist.gov
RI Lee, Young Jong/B-7129-2008;
OI Lee, Young Jong/0000-0001-7754-3001; Camp Jr,
Charles/0000-0002-5805-1842
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 16
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0377-0486
EI 1097-4555
J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC
JI J. Raman Spectrosc.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 4
BP 408
EP 415
DI 10.1002/jrs.4824
PG 8
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA DJ3XK
UT WOS:000374139800006
ER
PT J
AU Sikora, M
Rutkowski, M
Begelman, MC
AF Sikora, Marek
Rutkowski, Mieszko
Begelman, Mitchell C.
TI A spine-sheath model for strong-line blazars
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE acceleration of particles; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; galaxies:
jets
ID RELATIVISTIC MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI;
GAMMA-RAY ACTIVITY; LARGE-SCALE JETS; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; 3C
279; X-RAY; MAGNETIC COLLIMATION; LUMINOUS BLAZARS; RADIO-GALAXIES
AB We have developed a quasi-analytical model for the production of radiation in strong-line blazars, assuming a spine-sheath jet structure. The model allows us to study how the spine and sheath spectral components depend on parameters describing the geometrical and physical structure of 'the blazar zone'. We show that typical broad-band spectra of strong-line blazars can be reproduced by assuming the magnetization parameter to be of order unity and reconnection to be the dominant dissipation mechanism. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the spine-sheath model can explain why gamma-ray variations are often observed to have much larger amplitudes than the corresponding optical variations. The model is also less demanding of jet power than one-zone models, and can reproduce the basic features of extreme gamma-ray events.
C1 [Sikora, Marek] Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
[Rutkowski, Mieszko] Jagiellonian Univ, Marian Smoluchowski Inst Phys, Lojasiewicza 11, PL-30348 Krakow, Poland.
[Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Begelman, Mitchell C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, 391 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Sikora, M (reprint author), Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
EM sikora@camk.edu.pl
FU Polish NCN [UMO-2013/08/A/ST9/00795]; NSF [AST-1411879]; NASA
Astrophysics Theory Program [NNX14AB37G]
FX The research was supported in part by the Polish NCN grant
UMO-2013/08/A/ST9/00795. MCB acknowledges support from NSF grant
AST-1411879 and NASA Astrophysics Theory Program grant NNX14AB37G.
NR 53
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 457
IS 2
BP 1352
EP 1358
DI 10.1093/mnras/stw107
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DI6AB
UT WOS:000373580500019
ER
PT J
AU Olson, ND
Zook, JM
Samarov, DV
Jackson, SA
Salit, ML
AF Olson, Nathan D.
Zook, Justin M.
Samarov, Daniel V.
Jackson, Scott A.
Salit, Marc L.
TI PEPR: pipelines for evaluating prokaryotic references
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Microbiology; Whole genome sequencing; Bioinformatics
ID DNA-SEQUENCING DATA; GENOME; FRAMEWORK; TOOLKIT
AB The rapid adoption of microbial whole genome sequencing in public health, clinical testing, and forensic laboratories requires the use of validated measurement processes. Well-characterized, homogeneous, and stable microbial genomic reference materials can be used to evaluate measurement processes, improving confidence in microbial whole genome sequencing results. We have developed a reproducible and transparent bioinformatics tool, PEPR, Pipelines for Evaluating Prokaryotic References, for characterizing the reference genome of prokaryotic genomic materials. PEPR evaluates the quality, purity, and homogeneity of the reference material genome, and purity of the genomic material. The quality of the genome is evaluated using high coverage paired-end sequence data; coverage, paired-end read size and direction, as well as soft-clipping rates, are used to identify mis-assemblies. The homogeneity and purity of the material relative to the reference genome are characterized by comparing base calls from replicate datasets generated using multiple sequencing technologies. Genomic purity of the material is assessed by checking for DNA contaminants. We demonstrate the tool and its output using sequencing data while developing a Staphylococcus aureus candidate genomic reference material. PEPR is open source and available at https://github.com/usnistgov/pepr.
C1 [Olson, Nathan D.; Zook, Justin M.; Jackson, Scott A.; Salit, Marc L.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Samarov, Daniel V.] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Salit, Marc L.] Stanford Univ, Dept Bioengn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Olson, ND (reprint author), NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM nolson@nist.gov
OI Olson, Nathanael/0000-0003-2585-3037
FU Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate
[HSHQPM-14-X-00078]; NIST; FDA
FX The authors would like to thank Jenny McDaniel, Lindsay Vang, and David
Catoe for performing the MiSeq and PGM sequencing, and Tim Muruvanda for
performing the PacBio sequencing. Additionally, we would like to thank
Drs. Nancy Lin and Steven Lund for conversations and suggestions while
developing PEPR and drafting the manuscript. Department of Homeland
Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate funded this project
under Interagency Agreement HSHQPM-14-X-00078 with NIST. This work was
additionally supported by two interagency agreements between NIST and
the FDA. Opinions expressed in this paper are the author's and do not
necessarily reflect the policies and views of the DHS, NIST, or
affiliated venues. Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or
materials are identified in this paper only to specify the experimental
procedure adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply
recommendation or endorsement by the NIST, nor is it intended to imply
that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best
available for the purpose. Official contribution of NIST; not subject to
copyrights in USA.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
EI 1618-2650
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 408
IS 11
BP 2975
EP 2983
DI 10.1007/s00216-015-9299-5
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA DJ3MX
UT WOS:000374110700028
PM 26935931
ER
PT J
AU France, K
Loyd, ROP
Youngblood, A
Brown, A
Schneider, PC
Hawley, SL
Froning, CS
Linsky, JL
Roberge, A
Buccino, AP
Davenport, JRA
Fontenla, JM
Kaltenegger, L
Kowalski, AF
Mauas, PJD
Miguel, Y
Redfield, S
Rugheimer, S
Tian, F
Vieytes, MC
Walkowicz, LM
Weisenburger, KL
AF France, Kevin
Loyd, R. O. Parke
Youngblood, Allison
Brown, Alexander
Schneider, P. Christian
Hawley, Suzanne L.
Froning, Cynthia S.
Linsky, Jeffrey L.
Roberge, Aki
Buccino, Andrea P.
Davenport, James R. A.
Fontenla, Juan M.
Kaltenegger, Lisa
Kowalski, Adam F.
Mauas, Pablo J. D.
Miguel, Yamila
Redfield, Seth
Rugheimer, Sarah
Tian, Feng
Vieytes, Mariela C.
Walkowicz, Lucianne M.
Weisenburger, Kolby L.
TI THE MUSCLES TREASURY SURVEY. I. MOTIVATION AND OVERVIEW
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE planetary systems; stars: activity; stars: low-mass
ID LOCAL INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; LOW-MASS STAR;
POTENTIALLY HABITABLE PLANETS; EXTRASOLAR GIANT PLANETS; EXOPLANET HOST
STARS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; EARTH-LIKE PLANETS; GJ 436 SYSTEM; M-DWARF
STARS
AB Ground-and space-based planet searches employing radial velocity techniques and transit photometry have detected thousands of planet-hosting stars in the Milky Way. With so many planets discovered, the next step toward identifying potentially habitable planets is atmospheric characterization. While the Sun-Earth system provides a good framework for understanding the atmospheric chemistry of Earth-like planets around solar-type stars, the observational and theoretical constraints on the atmospheres of rocky planets in the habitable zones (HZs) around low-mass stars (K and M dwarfs) are relatively few. The chemistry of these atmospheres is controlled by the shape and absolute flux of the stellar spectral energy distribution (SED), however, flux distributions of relatively inactive low-mass stars are poorly understood at present. To address this issue, we have executed a panchromatic (X-ray to mid-IR) study of the SEDs of 11 nearby planet-hosting stars, the Measurements of the Ultraviolet Spectral Characteristics of Low-mass Exoplanetary Systems (MUSCLES) Treasury Survey. The MUSCLES program consists visible observations from Hubble and ground-based observatories. Infrared and astrophysically inaccessible wavelengths (EUV and Ly alpha) are reconstructed using stellar model spectra to fill in gaps in the observational data. In this overview and the companion papers describing the MUSCLES survey, we show that energetic radiation (X-ray and ultraviolet) is present from magnetically active stellar atmospheres at all times for stars as late as M6. The emission line luminosities of C IV and Mg II are strongly correlated with band-integrated luminosities and we present empirical relations that can be used to estimate broadband FUV and XUV (equivalent to X-ray + EUV) fluxes from individual stellar emission line measurements. We find that while the slope of the SED, FUV/NUV, increases by approximately two orders of magnitude form early K to late M dwarfs (approximate to 0.01-1), the absolute FUV and XUV flux levels at their corresponding HZ distances are constant to within factors of a few, spanning the range 10-70 erg cm(-2) s(-1) in the HZ. Despite the lack of strong stellar activity indicators in their optical spectra, several of the M dwarfs in our sample show spectacular UV flare emission in their light curves. We present an example with flare/quiescent ultraviolet flux ratios of the order of 100:1 where the transition region energy output during the flare is comparable to the total quiescent luminosity of the star E-flare(UV) similar to 0.3 L-*Delta t (Delta t = 1 s). Finally, we interpret enhanced L(line)/L-Bol ratios for C IV and N V as tentative observational evidence for the interaction of planets with large planetary mass-to-orbital distance ratios (M-plan/a(plan)) with the transition regions of their host stars.
C1 [France, Kevin; Loyd, R. O. Parke; Youngblood, Allison] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 600 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Brown, Alexander] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, 389 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Schneider, P. Christian] European Space Res & Technol Ctr ESA ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands.
[Hawley, Suzanne L.; Weisenburger, Kolby L.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Box 351580, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Froning, Cynthia S.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey L.] NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Roberge, Aki] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Buccino, Andrea P.; Mauas, Pablo J. D.; Vieytes, Mariela C.] Inst Astron & Fis Espacio UBA CONICET, CC 67,Suc 28, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Buccino, Andrea P.; Mauas, Pablo J. D.] Dept Fis UBA, CC 67,Suc 28, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Davenport, James R. A.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
[Fontenla, Juan M.] North West Res Associates, 3380 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Kaltenegger, Lisa] Cornell Univ, Carl Sagan Inst, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Kowalski, Adam F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Miguel, Yamila] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Observ Cote Azur, CNRS, Lab Lagrange, Blvd Observ,CS 34229, F-06304 Nice 4, France.
[Redfield, Seth] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Astron, Middletown, CT 06459 USA.
[Redfield, Seth] Wesleyan Univ, Van Vleck Observ, Middletown, CT 06459 USA.
[Rugheimer, Sarah] Univ St Andrews, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Irvine Bldg, St Andrews KY16 9AL, Fife, Scotland.
[Tian, Feng] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Key Lab Earth Syst Modeling, Minist Educ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Vieytes, Mariela C.] UNTREF, CC 67,Suc 28, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Walkowicz, Lucianne M.] Adler Planetarium, 1300 S Lakeshore Dr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
RP France, K (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, 600 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM kevin.france@colorado.edu
RI Tian, Feng/C-1344-2015;
OI Tian, Feng/0000-0002-9607-560X; Rugheimer, Sarah/0000-0003-1620-7658;
Redfield, Seth/0000-0003-3786-3486; FRANCE, KEVIN/0000-0002-1002-3674;
Roberge, Aki/0000-0002-2989-3725
FU HST Guest Observing programs [12464, 13650]; COS Science Team Guaranteed
Time programs [12034, 12035]; STScI [HST-GO-12464.01, HST-GO-13650.01];
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory [GO4-15014X, GO5-16155X]; NASA
[NNX16AC09G]; NSF [AST 13-11678]; National Natural Science Foundation of
China [41175039]; Ministry of Education of China [20131029170]; Tsinghua
University Initiative Scientific Research Program; ESA Research
Fellowship
FX The data presented here were obtained as part of the HST Guest Observing
programs #12464 and #13650 as well as the COS Science Team Guaranteed
Time programs # 12034 and # 12035. This work was supported by STScI
grants HST-GO-12464.01 and HST-GO-13650.01 to the University of Colorado
at Boulder. Data for the MUSCLES Treasury Survey were also acquired as
part of Chandra and XMM guest observing programs, supported by Chandra
grants GO4-15014X and GO5-16155X from the Smithsonian Astrophysical
Observatory and NASA XMM grant NNX16AC09G to the University of Colorado
at Boulder. This work is based in part upon observations obtained with
the Apache Point Observatory 3.5 m and 0.5 m telescopes, which are owned
and operated by the Astrophysical Research Consortium. K.F. thanks
Evgenya Shkolnik for enjoyable discussions about low-mass stars and
Jorge Sanz-Forcada for assistance with the absolute flux levels of the
X-exoplanets model spectra. The MUSCLES team also thanks STScI program
coordinator Amber Armstrong for her long hours spent scheduling these
complicated coordinated observations. P.C.S. gratefully acknowledges an
ESA Research Fellowship. S.L.H. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST
13-11678. F.T. is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation
of China (41175039), the Startup Fund of the Ministry of Education of
China (20131029170), and the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific
Research Program.
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PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 820
IS 2
AR 89
DI 10.3847/0004-637X/820/2/89
PG 24
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DI8HE
UT WOS:000373741300008
ER
PT J
AU Sayers, J
Zemcov, M
Glenn, J
Golwala, SR
Maloney, PR
Siegel, SR
Wheeler, J
Bockstiegel, C
Brugger, S
Czakon, NG
Day, PK
Downes, TP
Duan, RP
Gao, JS
Hollister, MI
Lam, A
LeDuc, HG
Mazin, BA
McHugh, SG
Miller, DA
Mroczkowski, TK
Noroozian, O
Nguyen, HT
Radford, SJE
Schlaerth, JA
Vayonakis, A
Wilson, PR
Zmuidzinas, J
AF Sayers, Jack
Zemcov, Michael
Glenn, Jason
Golwala, Sunil R.
Maloney, Philip R.
Siegel, Seth R.
Wheeler, Jordan
Bockstiegel, Clint
Brugger, Spencer
Czakon, Nicole G.
Day, Peter K.
Downes, Thomas P.
Duan, Ran P.
Gao, Jiansong
Hollister, Matthew I.
Lam, Albert
LeDuc, Henry G.
Mazin, Benjamin A.
McHugh, Sean G.
Miller, David A.
Mroczkowski, Tony K.
Noroozian, Omid
Nguyen, Hien T.
Radford, Simon J. E.
Schlaerth, James A.
Vayonakis, Anastasios
Wilson, Philip R.
Zmuidzinas, Jonas
TI PECULIAR VELOCITY CONSTRAINTS FROM FIVE-BAND SZ EFFECT MEASUREMENTS
TOWARD RX J1347.5-1145 WITH MUSIC AND BOLOCAM FROM THE CSO
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: clusters: individual: (RX. J1347.5-1145); galaxies: clusters:
intracluster medium
ID SUNYAEV-ZELDOVICH SIGNAL; RELAXED GALAXY CLUSTERS; X-RAY-CLUSTER;
SCALING RELATIONS; MACS J0717.5+3745; PRESSURE PROFILES; SAMPLE; GHZ;
J1347-1145; COSMOLOGY
AB We present Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect measurements from wide-field images toward the galaxy cluster RX. J1347.5-1145 obtained from the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory with the Multiwavelength Submillimeter Inductance Camera at 147, 213, 281, and 337 GHz and with Bolocam at 140 GHz. As part of our analysis, we have used higher frequency data from Herschel-SPIRE and previously published lower frequency radio data to subtract the signal from the brightest dusty star-forming galaxies behind RX. J1347.5-1145 and from the AGN in RX. J1347.5-1145's BCG. Using these five-band SZ effect images, combined with X-ray spectroscopic measurements of the temperature of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) from Chandra, we constrain the ICM optical depth to be tau(e) = 7.33(-0.97)(+0.96) x 10(-3) and the ICM line of sight peculiar velocity to be v(pec) = 1040(-840)(+870) km s(-1). The errors for both quantities are limited by measurement noise rather than calibration uncertainties or astrophysical contamination, and significant improvements are possible with deeper observations. Our best-fit velocity is in good agreement with one previously published SZ effect analysis and in mild tension with the other, although some or all of that tension may be because that measurement samples a much smaller cluster volume. Furthermore, our best-fit optical depth implies a gas mass slightly larger than the Chandra-derived value, implying the cluster is elongated along the line of sight.
C1 [Sayers, Jack; Golwala, Sunil R.; Siegel, Seth R.; Hollister, Matthew I.; Lam, Albert; Miller, David A.; Radford, Simon J. E.; Schlaerth, James A.; Vayonakis, Anastasios; Zmuidzinas, Jonas] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Zemcov, Michael] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Glenn, Jason; Maloney, Philip R.; Wheeler, Jordan; Brugger, Spencer; Schlaerth, James A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bockstiegel, Clint; Mazin, Benjamin A.; McHugh, Sean G.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Czakon, Nicole G.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
[Day, Peter K.; LeDuc, Henry G.; Nguyen, Hien T.; Wilson, Philip R.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Downes, Thomas P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Duan, Ran P.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Gao, Jiansong] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Mroczkowski, Tony K.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Noroozian, Omid] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Sayers, J (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM jack@caltech.edu
OI radford, simon/0000-0001-9113-1660; Mroczkowski,
Tony/0000-0003-3816-5372
FU Norris Foundation Fellowship; NASA Graduate Student Research Fellowship;
NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship; Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation; JPL internal funds; NSF; NASA
FX We thank the anonymous referee for his or her extensive suggestions to
improve this manuscript. We acknowledge the assistance of: the day crew
and Hilo staff of the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, who provided
invaluable assistance during data-taking for this data set; Kathy
Deniston and Diana Bisel, who provided effective administrative support
at Caltech and in Hilo; J.S. was partially supported by a Norris
Foundation Fellowship; N.G.C. was partially supported by a NASA Graduate
Student Research Fellowship; S.R.S. was supported by a NASA Earth and
Space Science Fellowship; MUSIC was constructed and commissioned with
funding provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, JPL internal
funds, and the NSF Advanced Technologies and Instrumentation (ATI) and
Astronomy and Astrophysics Grants (AAG) Programs. This work is based in
part on observations made with Herschel, a European Space Agency
Cornerstone Mission with a significant participation by NASA. Partial
support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by
JPL/Caltech. This research was performed while TM held a National
Research Council Research Associateship Award at the Naval Research
Laboratory.
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PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 820
IS 2
AR 101
DI 10.3847/0004-637X/820/2/101
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DI8HE
UT WOS:000373741300020
ER
PT J
AU Mahboubi, H
Aghdam, AG
Sayrafian-Pour, K
AF Mahboubi, Hamid
Aghdam, Amir G.
Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran
TI Toward Autonomous Mobile Sensor Networks Technology
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coverage; lifetime; energy; mobile sensor network
ID DISTRIBUTED DEPLOYMENT ALGORITHMS; ENERGY-CONSUMPTION; IMPROVED
COVERAGE; WIRELESS; LIFETIME; SYSTEM; OPTIMIZATION; STRATEGIES; SCHEME
AB Mobile sensor networking technology has attracted considerable attention in various research communities in recent years due to their widespread applications in civilian and military environments. One objective when using mobile sensors is to obtain maximum field coverage by properly deploying sensor nodes. In many real-world applications, a priori knowledge about the best deployment position for the sensors is not available. However, the motion capability of the sensors could allow each node to adjust its position (i.e., relocate) so that a better (and ultimately maximal) coverage is achieved. In this paper, a novel autonomous joint sensing range and relocation control algorithm is presented that achieves improved coverage and network lifetime at the same time. In the proposed algorithm, the sensing range of each sensor is adjusted iteratively based on its residual energy. At the same time, the sensor is directed to move within its corresponding multiplicatively weighted Voronoi region to ultimately increase sensing coverage in the field. Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the technique.
C1 [Mahboubi, Hamid] McGill Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Montreal, PQ H3A 0G4, Canada.
[Aghdam, Amir G.] Concordia Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada.
[Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mahboubi, H (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Montreal, PQ H3A 0G4, Canada.; Aghdam, AG (reprint author), Concordia Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada.; Sayrafian-Pour, K (reprint author), NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM hamid.mahboobi@mail.mcgill.ca; aghdam@ece.concordia.ca;
ksayrafian@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) [70NANB8H8146]
FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) under Grant 70NANB8H8146. Paper no. TII-15-0383.
NR 41
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PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1551-3203
EI 1941-0050
J9 IEEE T IND INFORM
JI IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 2
BP 576
EP 586
DI 10.1109/TII.2016.2521710
PG 11
WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary
Applications; Engineering, Industrial
SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering
GA DJ1FQ
UT WOS:000373949100013
ER
PT J
AU Li, SS
Schlamminger, S
Haddad, D
Seifert, F
Chao, L
Pratt, JR
AF Li, Shisong
Schlamminger, Stephan
Haddad, Darine
Seifert, Frank
Chao, Leon
Pratt, Jon R.
TI Coil motion effects in watt balances: a theoretical check
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE watt balance; magnetic field measurement; the Planck constant;
systematic error
ID PLANCK CONSTANT; MAGNET SYSTEM; MARK II; REDEFINITION; KILOGRAM; DESIGN;
FIELD
AB A watt balance is a precision apparatus for the measurement of the Planck constant that has been proposed as a primary method for realizing the unit of mass in a revised International System of Units. In contrast to an ampere balance, which was historically used to realize the unit of current in terms of the kilogram, the watt balance relates electrical and mechanical units through a virtual power measurement and has far greater precision. However, because the virtual power measurement requires the execution of a prescribed motion of a coil in a fixed magnetic field, systematic errors introduced by horizontal and rotational deviations of the coil from its prescribed path will compromise the accuracy. We model these potential errors using an analysis that accounts for the fringing field in the magnet, creating a framework for assessing the impact of this class of errors on the uncertainty of watt balance results.
C1 [Li, Shisong] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Li, Shisong; Schlamminger, Stephan; Haddad, Darine; Seifert, Frank; Chao, Leon; Pratt, Jon R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Li, SS (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.; Li, SS; Schlamminger, S (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM leeshisong@sina.com; stephan.schlamminger@nist.gov
OI Li, Shisong/0000-0002-2509-5523
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51507088]
FX S Li acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation
of China, grant #51507088.
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PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
EI 1681-7575
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 53
IS 2
BP 817
EP 828
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/53/2/817
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DI3CR
UT WOS:000373376300012
ER
PT J
AU Chalermsongsak, T
Hall, ED
Cole, GD
Follman, D
Seifert, F
Arai, K
Gustafson, EK
Smith, JR
Aspelmeyer, M
Adhikari, RX
AF Chalermsongsak, Tara
Hall, Evan D.
Cole, Garrett D.
Follman, David
Seifert, Frank
Arai, Koji
Gustafson, Eric K.
Smith, Joshua R.
Aspelmeyer, Markus
Adhikari, Rana X.
TI Coherent cancellation of photothermal noise in GaAs/Al0.92Ga0.08As Bragg
mirrors
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE photothermal noise; AlGaAs; laser frequency stabilization; Fabry-Perot
cavities; gravitational waves
ID LASER STABILIZATION; THERMAL-NOISE; COATINGS; CAVITY; DISSIPATION;
REDUCTION; PHASE; LIGHT; GAAS
AB Thermal noise is a limiting factor in many high-precision optical experiments. A search is underway for novel optical materials with reduced thermal noise. One such pair of materials, gallium arsenide and aluminum-alloyed gallium arsenide (collectively referred to as AlGaAs), shows promise for its low Brownian noise when compared to conventional materials such as silica and tantala. However, AlGaAs has the potential to produce a high level of thermo-optic noise. We have fabricated a set of AlGaAs crystalline coatings, transferred to fused silica substrates, whose layer structure has been optimized to reduce thermo-optic noise by inducing coherent cancellation of the thermoelastic and thermorefractive effects. By measuring the photothermal transfer function of these mirrors, we find evidence that this optimization has been successful.
C1 [Chalermsongsak, Tara; Hall, Evan D.; Arai, Koji; Gustafson, Eric K.; Adhikari, Rana X.] CALTECH, LIGO Lab, MS 100-36, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Cole, Garrett D.; Follman, David] Crystalline Mirror Solut LLC, 114 E Haley,Suite G, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
[Cole, Garrett D.] Crystalline Mirror Solut GmbH, Parkring 10, A-1220 Vienna, Austria.
[Seifert, Frank] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Seifert, Frank] Univ Maryland, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Smith, Joshua R.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Phys, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA.
[Aspelmeyer, Markus] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, Vienna Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol VCQ, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
RP Hall, ED (reprint author), CALTECH, LIGO Lab, MS 100-36, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM ehall@caltech.edu
RI Aspelmeyer, Markus/C-4098-2017
OI Aspelmeyer, Markus/0000-0003-4499-7335
FU National Science Foundation [PHY-0757058]; EURAMET/EMRP (QESOCAS);
Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [AI0090921]; AWS Seed program; Institute for
Quantum Information and Matter, an NSF Physics Frontiers Center; Gordon
and Betty Moore Foundation; NSF [PHY-1255650]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the informative discussions we have had
regarding thermal noise with the Optics and Advanced Interferometer
working groups of the LIGO Scientific Collaboration. In particular, we
appreciate the input from Y Levin, M Evans, J Eichholz, A Gretarsson and
K Yamamoto. We thank G Lovelace for pointing out an error in an earlier
version of this manuscript. TC, EDH, FS, KA, EKG, and RXA acknowledge
support from the National Science Foundation under PHY-0757058. GDC
acknowledges support from EURAMET/EMRP (QESOCAS). GDC and MA acknowledge
support by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through project AI0090921, as
well as funding by an AWS Seed program. A portion of this work was
performed in the UCSB Nanofabrication Facility. RXA gratefully
acknowledges funding provided by the Institute for Quantum Information
and Matter, an NSF Physics Frontiers Center with support of the Gordon
and Betty Moore Foundation. JRS is supported by NSF award PHY-1255650.
This article has the internal project designation LIGO-P1500054.
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PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
EI 1681-7575
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 53
IS 2
BP 860
EP 868
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/53/2/860
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DI3CR
UT WOS:000373376300018
ER
PT J
AU Wei, HY
Pomeroy, J
AF Wei, Haoyan
Pomeroy, Joshua
TI Application of the double paddle oscillator for quantifying
environmental, surface mass variation
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE double paddle oscillator; microbalance; instability of mass artefacts;
gas adsorption and desorption
ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SILICON; STAINLESS-STEEL; WATT BALANCE; PRECISION
DETERMINATION; ADSORPTION LAYERS; PLANCK CONSTANT; NOBLE-GAS; STANDARDS;
KILOGRAM; STABILITY
AB Sub-monolayer sensitivity to controlled gas adsorption and desorption is demonstrated using a double paddle oscillator (DPO) installed within an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) environmental chamber equipped with in situ film deposition, (multi) gas admission and temperature control. This effort is intended to establish a robust framework for quantitatively comparing mass changes due to gas loading and unloading on different materials systems selected or considered for use as mass artefacts. Our apparatus is composed of a UHV chamber with gas introduction and temperature control and in situ materials deposition for future materials testing enabling in situ preparation of virgin surfaces that can be monitored during initial exposure to gasses of interest. These tools are designed to allow us to comparatively evaluate how different materials gain or lose mass due to precisely controlled environmental excursions, with a long term goal of measuring changes in absolute mass. Herein, we provide a detailed experimental description of the apparatus, an evaluation of the initial performance, and demonstration measurements using nitrogen adsorption and desorption directly on the DPO.
C1 [Wei, Haoyan; Pomeroy, Joshua] NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wei, Haoyan] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Pomeroy, J (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joshua.pomeroy@nist.gov
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PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
EI 1681-7575
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 53
IS 2
BP 869
EP 880
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/53/2/869
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DI3CR
UT WOS:000373376300019
ER
PT J
AU Covey, JP
Moses, SA
Gaerttner, M
Safavi-Naini, A
Miecnikowski, MT
Fu, ZK
Schachenmayer, J
Julienne, PS
Rey, AM
Jin, DS
Ye, J
AF Covey, Jacob P.
Moses, Steven A.
Gaerttner, Martin
Safavi-Naini, Arghavan
Miecnikowski, Matthew T.
Fu, Zhengkun
Schachenmayer, Johannes
Julienne, Paul S.
Rey, Ana Maria
Jin, Deborah S.
Ye, Jun
TI Doublon dynamics and polar molecule production in an optical lattice
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMS; GAS
AB Polar molecules in an optical lattice provide a versatile platform to study quantum many-body dynamics. Here we use such a system to prepare a density distribution where lattice sites are either empty or occupied by a doublon composed of an interacting Bose-Fermi pair. By letting this out-of-equilibrium system evolve from a well-defined, but disordered, initial condition, we observe clear effects on pairing that arise from inter-species interactions, a higher partial-wave Feshbach resonance and excited Bloch-band population. These observations facilitate a detailed understanding of molecule formation in the lattice. Moreover, the interplay of tunnelling and interaction of fermions and bosons provides a controllable platform to study Bose-Fermi Hubbard dynamics. Additionally, we can probe the distribution of the atomic gases in the lattice by measuring the inelastic loss of doublons. These techniques realize tools that are generically applicable to studying the complex dynamics of atomic mixtures in optical lattices.
C1 [Covey, Jacob P.; Moses, Steven A.; Gaerttner, Martin; Safavi-Naini, Arghavan; Miecnikowski, Matthew T.; Fu, Zhengkun; Schachenmayer, Johannes; Rey, Ana Maria; Jin, Deborah S.; Ye, Jun] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Covey, Jacob P.; Moses, Steven A.; Gaerttner, Martin; Safavi-Naini, Arghavan; Miecnikowski, Matthew T.; Fu, Zhengkun; Schachenmayer, Johannes; Rey, Ana Maria; Jin, Deborah S.; Ye, Jun] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Covey, Jacob P.; Moses, Steven A.; Gaerttner, Martin; Safavi-Naini, Arghavan; Miecnikowski, Matthew T.; Fu, Zhengkun; Schachenmayer, Johannes; Rey, Ana Maria; Jin, Deborah S.; Ye, Jun] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Julienne, Paul S.] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20702 USA.
[Julienne, Paul S.] NIST, College Pk, MD 20702 USA.
RP Jin, DS; Ye, J (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Jin, DS; Ye, J (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Jin, DS; Ye, J (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jin@jilau1.colorado.edu; ye@jila.colorado.edu
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011
FU NIST; NSF [1125844]; AFOSR-MURI; ARO-MURI; ARO; NDSEG fellowship;
[NSF-PIF-1211914]
FX We thank M. Wall for useful discussions. We acknowledge funding for this
work from NIST, NSF grant number 1125844, NSF-PIF-1211914, AFOSR-MURI,
ARO-MURI, and ARO. J.P.C. acknowledges funding from the NDSEG
fellowship. Part of the computation for this work was performed at the
University of Oklahoma Supercomputing Center for Education and Research
(OSCER).
NR 38
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U1 5
U2 12
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 11279
DI 10.1038/ncomms11279
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DJ3SL
UT WOS:000374126300001
PM 27075831
ER
PT J
AU Lootens, D
Bentz, DP
AF Lootens, Didier
Bentz, Dale P.
TI On the relation of setting and early-age strength development to
porosity and hydration in cement-based materials
SO CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
LA English
DT Article
DE Calorimetry; Hydration; Percolation; Porosity; Setting; Strength;
Ultrasonic reflection
ID ULTRASONIC MEASUREMENTS; WATER; MICROSTRUCTURE; CONCRETE; RATIO;
BEHAVIOR; MORTAR; PASTE
AB Previous research has demonstrated a linear relationship between compressive strength (mortar cubes and concrete cylinders) and cumulative heat release normalized per unit volume of (mixing) water for a wide variety of cement-based mixtures at ages of 1 d and beyond. This paper utilizes concurrent ultrasonic reflection and calorimetry measurements to further explore this relationship from the time of specimen casting to 3 d. The ultrasonic measurements permit a continuous evaluation of thickening, setting, and strength development during this time period for comparison with the ongoing chemical reactions, as characterized by isothermal calorimetry measurements. Initially, the ultrasonic strength heat release relation depends strongly on water-to-cement ratio, as well as admixture additions, with no universal behavior. Still, each individual strength-heat release curve is consistent with a percolation based view of the cement setting process. However, beyond about 8 h for the systems investigated in the present study, the various strength-heat release curves merge towards a single relationship that broadly characterizes the development of strength as a function of heat released (fractional space filled), demonstrating that mortar and/or concrete strength at early ages can be effectively monitored using either ultrasonic or calorimetry measurements on small paste or mortar specimens. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Lootens, Didier] Sika Technol AG, Tuffenwies 16, CH-8048 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Bentz, Dale P.] NIST, Engn Lab, 100Bur Dr,Stop 8615, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bentz, DP (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, 100Bur Dr,Stop 8615, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lootens.didier@ch.sika.com; dale.bentz@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 27
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U1 5
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0958-9465
EI 1873-393X
J9 CEMENT CONCRETE COMP
JI Cem. Concr. Compos.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 68
BP 9
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2016.02.010
PG 6
WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Composites
SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science
GA DI7AE
UT WOS:000373650700002
PM 27046956
ER
PT J
AU Rangwala, I
Sinsky, E
Miller, JR
AF Rangwala, Imtiaz
Sinsky, Eric
Miller, James R.
TI Variability in projected elevation dependent warming in boreal
midlatitude winter in CMIP5 climate models and its potential drivers
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Elevation dependent warming; Mountains; Rocky Mountains; Tibetan
Plateau; Water vapor; Snow albedo; Feedbacks; Temperature; EDW; Winter;
CMIP5; GCM
ID TEMPERATURE TRENDS; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; FEEDBACK; SNOW; AIR
AB The future rate of climate change in mountains has many potential human impacts, including those related to water resources, ecosystem services, and recreation. Analysis of the ensemble mean response of CMIP5 global climate models (GCMs) shows amplified warming in high elevation regions during the cold season in boreal midlatitudes. We examine how the twenty-first century elevation-dependent response in the daily minimum surface air temperature [d(Delta Tmin)/dz] varies among 27 different GCMs during winter for the RCP 8.5 emissions scenario. The focus is on regions within the northern hemisphere mid-latitude band between 27.5A degrees N and 40A degrees N, which includes both the Rocky Mountains and the Tibetan Plateau/Himalayas. We find significant variability in d(Delta Tmin)/dz among the individual models ranging from 0.16 A degrees C/km (10th percentile) to 0.97 A degrees C/km (90th percentile), although nearly all of the GCMs (24 out of 27) show a significant positive value for d(Delta Tmin)/dz. To identify some of the important drivers associated with the variability in d(Delta Tmin)/dz during winter, we evaluate the co-variance between d(Delta Tmin)/dz and the differential response of elevation-based anomalies in different climate variables as well as the GCMs' spatial resolution, their global climate sensitivity, and their elevation-dependent free air temperature response. We find that d(Delta Tmin)/dz has the strongest correlation with elevation-dependent increases in surface water vapor, followed by elevation-dependent decreases in surface albedo, and a weak positive correlation with the GCMs' free air temperature response.
C1 [Rangwala, Imtiaz] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Western Water Assessment, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Rangwala, Imtiaz] NOAA ESRL, Div Phys Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO USA.
[Sinsky, Eric] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Miller, James R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
RP Rangwala, I (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Western Water Assessment, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Rangwala, I (reprint author), NOAA ESRL, Div Phys Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO USA.
EM imtiaz.rangwala@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [AGS-1064326, AGS-1064281]
FX We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their time and helpful
suggestions. This research is supported by the National Science
Foundation Grants: AGS-1064326 and AGS-1064281. We acknowledge KNMI and
ESGF data portals for access to CMIP5 data. We thank C. Naud and J.
Barsugli for helpful comments.
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U1 5
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 46
IS 7-8
BP 2115
EP 2122
DI 10.1007/s00382-015-2692-0
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI4AR
UT WOS:000373442900006
ER
PT J
AU Krishnamurthy, L
Krishnamurthy, V
AF Krishnamurthy, Lakshmi
Krishnamurthy, V.
TI Teleconnections of Indian monsoon rainfall with AMO and Atlantic tripole
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Indian monsoon; AMO; Atlantic tripole; NAO; NCAR CCSM4; Decadal
variability
ID ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON; TROPICAL ATLANTIC; MULTIDECADAL OSCILLATION;
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; ENSO RELATIONSHIP; COLORED NOISE; OCEAN;
CLIMATE; FREQUENCY; PREDICTABILITY
AB The teleconnections between the decadal modes in the Indian monsoon rainfall (IMR) and the North Atlantic sea surface temperature are investigated. The two decadal modes of variability in the North Atlantic, the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) and the Atlantic tripole, have opposite relation with the two decadal modes of IMR. The AMO has positive correlation with the monsoon rainfall while the Atlantic tripole has negative correlation. This study has put forward hypotheses for the mechanisms involved in the teleconnections of the AMO and the Atlantic tripole with the IMR. The warm phase of AMO may influence the monsoon through the summer North Atlantic Oscillation (SNAO) and further through the equatorial zonal winds which increase the moisture flow over India by enhancing the southwesterly flow. The warm phase of Atlantic tripole may impact the monsoon through the all-season NAO, leading to decreased moisture flow over India through the equatorial wind pattern. The observed relations between the decadal modes in the North Atlantic and the Indian monsoon are explored in the simulations of National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4) model. Although the model supports the observed decadal teleconnection between the Atlantic Ocean and Indian monsoon, it has limitations in capturing the details of the spatial pattern associated with the teleconnection. The teleconnections of AMO and Atlantic tripole with the Indian monsoon is further demonstrated through an experiment with CCSM4 by decoupling the North Atlantic Ocean. The hypotheses for the mechanisms of the Atlantic teleconnections are also explored in the CCSM4 simulation.
C1 [Krishnamurthy, Lakshmi; Krishnamurthy, V.] George Mason Univ, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Krishnamurthy, V.] Inst Global Environm & Soc, Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Fairfax, VA USA.
[Krishnamurthy, Lakshmi] Princeton Univ, UCAR NOAA Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Forrestal Campus,201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Krishnamurthy, L (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.; Krishnamurthy, L (reprint author), Princeton Univ, UCAR NOAA Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Forrestal Campus,201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM Lakshmi.Krishnamurthy@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0830062, ATM-0830068]; National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration [A09OAR4310058]; National Aeronautics and
Space Administration [NNX09AN50G]
FX This work was supported by grants from National Science Foundation
(ATM-0830062 and ATM-0830068), National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (A09OAR4310058), and National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NNX09AN50G). The authors thank National Center for
Atmospheric Research for computer time, the model control data and
technical help with model experiments, and Bohua Huang and Yohan
Ruprich-Robert for helpful discussions. We also thank two anonymous
reviewers for their insights which has helped to improve this
manuscript. This work formed a part of the Ph.D. thesis of Lakshmi
Krishnamurthy at George Mason University.
NR 43
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U1 7
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 46
IS 7-8
BP 2269
EP 2285
DI 10.1007/s00382-015-2701-3
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI4AR
UT WOS:000373442900015
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZZ
Chiang, MYM
AF Wang, Zhengzhi
Chiang, Martin Y. M.
TI System compliance dictates the effect of composite filler content on
polymerization shrinkage stress
SO DENTAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Dental composites; Polymerization shrinkage stress; Filler content;
Curing kinetics; Compliance of constraint
ID DENTAL RESIN-COMPOSITES; LIGHT-CURED COMPOSITES; CONTRACTION STRESS;
INSTRUMENT COMPLIANCE; RESTORATIVE RESINS; PARTICLE-SIZE; C-FACTOR;
CONVERSION; PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION; KINETICS
AB Objective. The effect of filler content in dental restorative composites on the polymerization shrinkage stress (PS) is not straightforward and has caused much debate in the literature. Our objective in this study was to clarify the PS/filler content relationship based on analytical and experimental approaches, so that guidelines for materials comparison in terms of PS and clinical selection of dental composites with various filler content can be provided.
Methods. Analytically, a simplified model based on linear elasticity was utilized to predict PS as a function of filler content under various compliances of the testing system, a cantilever beam-based instrument used in this study. The predictions were validated by measuring PS of composites synthesized using 50/50 mixtures of two common dimethacrylate resins with a variety of filler contents.
Results. Both experiments and predictions indicated that the influence of filler content on the PS highly depended on the compliance of the testing system. Within the clinic-relevant range of compliances and for the specific sample configuration tested, the PS increased with increasing filler content at low compliance of instrument, while increasing the compliance caused the effect of filler content on the PS to gradually diminish. Eventually, at high compliance, the PS inverted and decreased with increasing filler content.
Significance. This compliance-dependent effect of filler content on PS suggests: (1) for materials comparison in terms of PS, the specific compliance at which the comparison being done should always be reported and (2) clinically, composites with relatively lower filler content could be selected for such cavities with relatively lower compliance (e.g. a Class-I cavity with thick tooth walls or the basal part in a cavity) and vice versa in order to reduce the final PS. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Academy of Dental Materials.
C1 [Wang, Zhengzhi; Chiang, Martin Y. M.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wang, Zhengzhi] Wuhan Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Dept Engn Mech, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
RP Chiang, MYM (reprint author), NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM martin.chiang@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)
[Y1-DE-7005-01]; NIST [Y1-DE-7005-01]
FX Financial support was provided through an Interagency Agreement between
the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) and
NIST (Y1-DE-7005-01). We thank Dr. Forrest A. Landis and Dr. Joseph M.
Antonucci for their help in preparing the composites, Dr. Jae Hyun Kim
and Mr. Anthony A.M. Giuseppetti for their help in the elastic modulus
measurement.
NR 55
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U1 5
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0109-5641
EI 1879-0097
J9 DENT MATER
JI Dent. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 4
BP 551
EP 560
DI 10.1016/j.dental.2016.01.006
PG 10
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science
GA DI4TU
UT WOS:000373493100010
PM 26916062
ER
PT J
AU Guo, YW
Landis, FA
Wang, ZZ
Bai, D
Jiang, L
Chiang, MYM
AF Guo, Yongwen
Landis, Forrest A.
Wang, Zhengzhi
Bai, Ding
Jiang, Li
Chiang, Martin Y. M.
TI Polymerization stress evolution of a bulk-fill flowable composite under
different compliances
SO DENTAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bulk-fill flowable composite; Polymerization stress; Exotherm; Degree of
conversion; Compliance
ID DENTAL RESIN-COMPOSITES; LIGHT-CURED COMPOSITES; SHRINKAGE-STRESS;
THERMAL-EXPANSION; CONTRACTION STRESS; INSTRUMENT COMPLIANCE; KINETICS;
CONVERSION; PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION; RESTORATIONS
AB Objective. To use a compliance-variable instrument to simultaneously measure and compare the polymerization stress (PS) evolution, degree of conversion (DC), and exotherm of a bulk fill flowable composite to a packable composite.
Methods. A bulk-fill flowable composite (Filtek Bulk-fill, FBF) and a conventional packable composite (Filtek Z250, Z250) purchased from 3 M ESPE were investigated. The composites were studied using a cantilever-beam based instrument equipped with an in situ near infrared (NIR) spectrometer and a microprobe thermocouple. The measurements were carried out under various instrumental compliances (ranging from 0.3327 mu m/N to 12.3215 mu m/N) that are comparable to the compliances of clinically prepared tooth cavities. Correlations between the PS and temperature change as well as the DC were interpreted.
Results. The maximum PS of both composites at 10 min after irradiation decreased with the increase in the compliance of the cantilever beam. The FBF composite generated a lower final stress than the Z250 sample under instrumental compliances less than ca. 4 mu m/N; however, both materials generated statistically similar PS values at higher compliances. The reaction exotherm and the DC of both materials were found to be independent of compliance. The DC of the FBF sample was slightly higher than that of the packable Z250 composite while the peak exotherm of FBF was almost double that of the Z250 composite. For FBF, a characteristic drop in the PS was observed during the early stage of polymerization for all compliances studied which was not observed in the Z250 sample. This drop was shown to relate to the greater exotherm of the less-filled FBF sample relative to the Z250 composite.
Significance. While the composites with lower filler content (low viscosity) are generally considered to have lower PS than the conventional packable composites, a bulk-fill flowable composite was shown to produce lower PS under a lower compliance of constraint as would be experienced if the composite was used as the base material in clinical procedures. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Academy of Dental Materials.
C1 [Guo, Yongwen; Bai, Ding; Jiang, Li] Sichuan Univ, West China Sch Stomatol, Dept Orthodont, State Key Lab Oral Dis, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China.
[Guo, Yongwen; Wang, Zhengzhi; Bai, Ding; Jiang, Li; Chiang, Martin Y. M.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Landis, Forrest A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, York Campus, York, PA 17403 USA.
RP Chiang, MYM (reprint author), NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM martin.chiang@nist.gov
FU China Scholarship Council; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial
Research [Y1-DE-7005-01]; National Institute of Standards and
Technology, NIH/NIDCR [Y1-DE-7005-01]
FX This study is based on research that was funded through the China
Scholarship Council and an Interagency Agreement between the National
Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology, NIH/NIDCR [Y1-DE-7005-01].
NR 40
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U1 6
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0109-5641
EI 1879-0097
J9 DENT MATER
JI Dent. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 4
BP 578
EP 586
DI 10.1016/j.dental.2016.01.009
PG 9
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science
GA DI4TU
UT WOS:000373493100013
PM 26861171
ER
PT J
AU Lee, WS
Monaghan, P
Metcalfe, NB
AF Lee, Who-Seung
Monaghan, Pat
Metcalfe, Neil B.
TI Perturbations in growth trajectory due to early diet affect age-related
deterioration in performance
SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ageing; compensatory growth; life history; nutrition; senescence;
trade-off
ID CATCH-UP GROWTH; JUVENILE BROWN TROUT; COMPENSATORY GROWTH; TRADE-OFF;
GASTEROSTEUS-ACULEATUS; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; OXIDATIVE STRESS;
LIFE-SPAN; 3-SPINED STICKLEBACK; REPRODUCTIVE EFFORT
AB Fluctuations in early developmental conditions can cause changes in growth trajectories that subsequently affect the adult phenotype. Here, we investigated whether compensatory growth has long-term consequences for patterns of senescence. Using three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus), we show that a brief period of dietary manipulation in early life affected skeletal growth rate not only during the manipulation itself, but also during a subsequent compensatory phase when fish caught up in size with controls. However, this growth acceleration influenced swimming endurance and its decline over the course of the breeding season, with a faster decline in fish that had undergone faster growth compensation. Similarly, accelerated growth led to a more pronounced reduction in the breeding period (as indicated by the duration of sexual ornamentation) over the following two breeding seasons, suggesting faster reproductive senescence. Parallel experiments showed a heightened effect of accelerated growth on these age-related declines in performance if the fish were under greater time stress to complete their compensation prior to the breeding season. Compensatory growth led to a reduction in median life span of 12% compared to steadily growing controls. While life span was independent of the eventual adult size attained, it was negatively correlated with the age-related decline in swimming endurance and sexual ornamentation. These results, complementary to those found when growth trajectories were altered by temperature rather than dietary manipulations, show that the costs of accelerated growth can last well beyond the time over which growth rates differ and are affected by the time available until an approaching life-history event such as reproduction.
C1 [Lee, Who-Seung; Monaghan, Pat; Metcalfe, Neil B.] Univ Glasgow, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Graham Kerr Bldg, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Lee, Who-Seung] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Southwest Fisheries Sci Cente, NOAA Fisheries, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Lee, Who-Seung] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Lee, WS (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Graham Kerr Bldg, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.; Lee, WS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Southwest Fisheries Sci Cente, NOAA Fisheries, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; Lee, WS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM whoseung@gmail.com
RI Monaghan, Pat/E-6810-2015; Metcalfe, Neil/C-5997-2009
OI Metcalfe, Neil/0000-0002-1970-9349
FU University of Glasgow Postgraduate Scholarship; Overseas Research
Student Award; ERC Advanced grant [268926, 322784]; NERC [NE/K00400X/1]
FX We thank Graham Law, John Laurie and Alastair Kirk for help with fish
husbandry. WSL was funded by a University of Glasgow Postgraduate
Scholarship and an Overseas Research Student Award. PM was funded by ERC
Advanced grant 268926, and NBM was funded by ERC Advanced Grant 322784;
both PM and NBM were funded by NERC grant NE/K00400X/1.
NR 64
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U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0269-8463
EI 1365-2435
J9 FUNCT ECOL
JI Funct. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 4
BP 625
EP 635
DI 10.1111/1365-2435.12538
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DJ0UV
UT WOS:000373920800014
ER
PT J
AU Hull, RN
Luoma, SN
Bayne, BA
Iliff, J
Larkin, DJ
Paschke, MW
Victor, SL
Ward, SE
AF Hull, Ruth N.
Luoma, Samuel N.
Bayne, Bruce A.
Iliff, John
Larkin, Daniel J.
Paschke, Mark W.
Victor, Sasha L.
Ward, Sara E.
TI Opportunities and challenges of integrating ecological restoration into
assessment and management of contaminated ecosystems
SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Early integration; Ecosystem services; Monitoring; Restoration
ID GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE; REMEDIATION; STREAMS
AB Ecosystem restoration planning near the beginning of the site assessment and management process (early integration) involves consideration of restoration goals from the outset in developing solutions for contaminated ecosystems. There are limitations to integration that stem from institutional barriers, few successful precedents, and limited availability of guidance. Challenges occur in integrating expertise from various disciplines and multiple, sometimes divergent interests and goals. The more complex process can result in timing, capacity, communication, and collaboration challenges. On the other hand, integrating the 2 approaches presents new and creative opportunities. For example, integration allows early planning for expanding ecosystem services on or near contaminated lands or waters that might otherwise have been unaddressed by remediation alone. Integrated plans can explicitly pursue ecosystem services that have market value, which can add to funds for long-term monitoring and management. Early integration presents opportunities for improved and productive collaboration and coordination between ecosystem restoration and contaminant assessment and management. Examples exist where early integration facilitates liability resolution and generates positive public relations. Restoration planning and implementation before the completion of the contaminated site assessment, remediation, or management process (early restoration) can facilitate coordination with offsite restoration options and a regional approach to restoration of contaminated environments. Integration of performance monitoring, for both remedial and restoration actions, can save resources and expand the interpretive power of results. Early integration may aid experimentation, which may be more feasible on contaminated lands than in many other situations. The potential application of concepts and tools from adaptive management is discussed as a way of avoiding pitfalls and achieving benefits in early integration. In any case, there will be challenges with early integration of restoration concepts for contaminated ecosystems, but the benefits are likely to outweigh them. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2016;12:296-305. (c) 2015 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)
C1 [Hull, Ruth N.] Intrinsik Environm Sci, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
[Luoma, Samuel N.] Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Bayne, Bruce A.] AECOM, Conshohocken, PA USA.
[Iliff, John] NOAA, NMFS Off Habitat Conservat, Operat Management & Informat Div, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Larkin, Daniel J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Paschke, Mark W.; Victor, Sasha L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Ward, Sara E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Raleigh Ecol Serv Field Off, Raleigh, NC USA.
RP Hull, RN (reprint author), Intrinsik Environm Sci, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
EM rhull@intrinsik.com
FU Anchor QEA LLC; Chevron; CSIRO; DuPont; ExxonMobil; Honeywell;
Industrial Economics; Intrinsik Environmental Sciences; Integral
Consulting; Matrix New World Engineering; Newmont Mining; Rio Tinto;
Teck Metals; Conservation Fund; URS Corporation; US Department of the
Interior; Windward Environmental LLC.
FX We gratefully acknowledge the SETAC North America staff, in particular
Greg Schiefer and Nikki Mayo, who provided support to us before, during,
and after the workshop. We appreciate the funding support from the
following groups that made the workshop possible: Anchor QEA LLC,
Chevron, CSIRO, DuPont, ExxonMobil, Honeywell, Industrial Economics,
Intrinsik Environmental Sciences, Integral Consulting, Matrix New World
Engineering, Newmont Mining, Rio Tinto, Teck Metals, The Conservation
Fund, URS Corporation, US Department of the Interior, and Windward
Environmental LLC.
NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1551-3777
EI 1551-3793
J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES
JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 2
BP 296
EP 305
DI 10.1002/ieam.1714
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DI3KG
UT WOS:000373396900010
PM 26419951
ER
PT J
AU Hao, ZC
Hong, Y
Xia, YL
Singh, VP
Hao, FH
Cheng, HG
AF Hao, Zengchao
Hong, Yang
Xia, Youlong
Singh, Vijay P.
Hao, Fanghua
Cheng, Hongguang
TI Probabilistic drought characterization in the categorical form using
ordinal regression
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Drought; Drought indices; Drought category; US Drought Monitor
ID UNITED-STATES; INDEX; MODELS; MONITOR
AB Drought is an insidious natural hazard that may cause tremendous losses to different sectors, including agriculture and ecosystems. Reliable drought monitoring and early warning are of critical importance for drought preparedness planning and mitigation to reduce potential impacts. Traditional drought monitoring is generally based on drought indices, such as Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), that are computed from hydro-climatic variables. The U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) classifies drought conditions into different drought categories to provide composite drought information by integrating multiple drought indices, which has been commonly used to aid decision making at the federal, state, and local levels. Characterizing drought in categories similar to USDM would be important for decision making for both research and operational purposes. However, drought monitoring, based on a variety of drought indices, is challenged by the classification of drought into categories used by USDM. In this study, an ordinal regression model is proposed to characterize droughts in USDM drought categories based on several drought indices, in which the probability of each drought category can be estimated. The proposed method is assessed by comparing with USDM in Texas and a satisfactory performance for estimating drought categories is revealed. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hao, Zengchao; Hao, Fanghua; Cheng, Hongguang] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Environm, Green Dev Inst, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Hao, Zengchao; Hong, Yang] Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Hao, Zengchao; Hong, Yang] Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK USA.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Xia, Youlong] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, IM Syst Grp Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Singh, Vijay P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA.
[Singh, Vijay P.] Texas A&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX USA.
RP Hong, Y (reprint author), 120 David L Boren Blvd,Suite 4610, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM haozc@bnu.edu.cn; yanghong@ou.edu
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X
FU Beijing Normal University [2015NT02]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC)-CGIAR Project [71461010701]
FX This work is supported by Youth Scholars Program of Beijing Normal
University (Grant No. 2015NT02) and National Natural Science Foundation
of China (NSFC)-CGIAR Project (No. 71461010701). We thank the
Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) of the National Centers for
Environmental Prediction (NCEP), National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) for providing NLDAS-2 datasets.
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 535
BP 331
EP 339
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.01.074
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA DI3TN
UT WOS:000373421500028
ER
PT J
AU Haugland, RA
Siefring, S
Varma, M
Oshima, KH
Sivaganesan, M
Cao, YP
Raith, M
Griffith, J
Weisberg, SB
Noble, RT
Blackwood, AD
Kinzelman, J
Anan'eva, T
Bushon, RN
Stelzer, EA
Harwood, VJ
Gordon, KV
Sinigalliano, C
AF Haugland, Richard A.
Siefring, Shawn
Varma, Manju
Oshima, Kevin H.
Sivaganesan, Mano
Cao, Yiping
Raith, Meredith
Griffith, John
Weisberg, Stephen B.
Noble, Rachel T.
Blackwood, A. Denene
Kinzelman, Julie
Anan'eva, Tamara
Bushon, Rebecca N.
Stelzer, Erin A.
Harwood, Valarie J.
Gordon, Katrina V.
Sinigalliano, Christopher
TI Multi-laboratory survey of qPCR enterococci analysis method performance
in US coastal and inland surface waters
SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Enterococci; qPCR; Interference; Performance; EPA Method 1609; EPA
Method 1611
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CULTURE-BASED METHODS; QUANTITATIVE PCR;
ENVIRONMENTAL WATERS; MARINE BEACHES; ENUMERATION; QUALITY;
QUANTIFICATION; INDICATORS; ILLNESS
AB Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has become a frequently used technique for quantifying enterococci in recreational surface waters, but there are several methodological options. Here we evaluated how three method permutations, type of mastermix, sample extract dilution and use of controls in results calculation, affect method reliability among multiple laboratories with respect to sample interference. Multiple samples from each of 22 sites representing an array of habitat types were analyzed using EPA Method 1611 and 1609 reagents with full strength and five-fold diluted extracts. The presence of interference was assessed three ways: using sample processing and PCR amplifications controls; consistency of results across extract dilutions; and relative recovery of target genes from spiked enterococci in water sample compared to control matrices with acceptable recovery defined as 50 to 200%. Method 1609, which is based on an environmental mastermix, was found to be superior to Method 1611, which is based on a universal mastermix. Method 1611 had over a 40% control assay failure rate with undiluted extracts and a 6% failure rate with diluted extracts. Method 1609 failed in only 11% and 3% of undiluted and diluted extracts analyses. Use of sample processing control assay results in the delta-delta Ct method for calculating relative target gene recoveries increased the number of acceptable recovery results. Delta-delta tended to bias recoveries from apparent partially inhibitory samples on the high side which could help in avoiding potential underestimates of enterococci - an important consideration in a public health context. Control assay and delta-delta recovery results were largely consistent across the range of habitats sampled, and among laboratories. The methodological option that best balanced acceptable estimated target gene recoveries with method sensitivity and avoidance of underestimated enterococci densities was Method 1609 without extract dilution and using the delta-delta calculation method. The applicability of this method can be extended by the analysis of diluted extracts to sites where interference is indicated but, particularly in these instances, should be confirmed by augmenting the control assays with analyses for target gene recoveries from spiked target organisms. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Haugland, Richard A.; Siefring, Shawn; Varma, Manju; Oshima, Kevin H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Sivaganesan, Mano] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Cao, Yiping; Raith, Meredith; Griffith, John; Weisberg, Stephen B.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project Author, Costa Mesa, CA USA.
[Noble, Rachel T.; Blackwood, A. Denene] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC USA.
[Kinzelman, Julie; Anan'eva, Tamara] City Racine Hlth Dept, Racine, WI USA.
[Bushon, Rebecca N.; Stelzer, Erin A.] US Geol Survey, Columbus, OH USA.
[Harwood, Valarie J.; Gordon, Katrina V.] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL USA.
[Sinigalliano, Christopher] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Ocean Chem Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Haugland, RA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM haugland.rich@epa.gov
RI Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008; Sinigalliano, Christopher/A-8760-2014
OI Weisberg, Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425; Sinigalliano,
Christopher/0000-0002-9942-238X
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7012
EI 1872-8359
J9 J MICROBIOL METH
JI J. Microbiol. Methods
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 123
BP 114
EP 125
DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2016.01.017
PG 12
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA DI7BY
UT WOS:000373655300017
PM 26844886
ER
PT J
AU Bill, BD
Moore, SK
Hay, LR
Anderson, DM
Trainer, VL
AF Bill, Brian D.
Moore, Stephanie K.
Hay, Levi R.
Anderson, Donald M.
Trainer, Vera L.
TI Effects of temperature and salinity on the growth of Alexandrium
(Dinophyceae) isolates from the Salish Sea
SO JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alexandrium; growth rate; HAB; harmful algae; hindcast; Puget Sound;
salinity; Salish Sea; temperature
ID PARALYTIC SHELLFISH; PUGET-SOUND; GONYAULAX-TAMARENSIS; NARRAGANSETT
BAY; TOXICITY; ACCUMULATION; WASHINGTON; IRRADIANCE; PATTERNS; TOXINS
AB Toxin-producing blooms of dinoflagellates in the genus Alexandrium have plagued the inhabitants of the Salish Sea for centuries. Yet the environmental conditions that promote accelerated growth of this organism, a producer of paralytic shellfish toxins, is lacking. This study quantitatively determined the growth response of two Alexandrium isolates to a range of temperatures and salinities, factors that will strongly respond to future climate change scenarios. An empirical equation, derived from observed growth rates describing the temperature and salinity dependence of growth, was used to hindcast bloom risk. Hindcasting was achieved by comparing predicted growth rates, calculated from insitu temperature and salinity data from Quartermaster Harbor, with corresponding Alexandrium cell counts and shellfish toxin data. The greatest bloom risk, defined at >0.25d(-1), generally occurred from April through November annually; however, growth rates rarely fell below 0.10d(-1). Except for a few occasions, Alexandrium cells were only observed during the periods of highest bloom risk and paralytic shellfish toxins above the regulatory limit always fell within the periods of predicted bloom occurrence. While acknowledging that Alexandrium growth rates are affected by other abiotic and biotic factors, such as grazing pressure and nutrient availability, the use of this empirical growth function to predict higher risk time frames for blooms and toxic shellfish within the Salish Sea provides the groundwork for a more comprehensive biological model of Alexandrium bloom dynamics in the region and will enhance our ability to forecast blooms in the Salish Sea under future climate change scenarios.
C1 [Bill, Brian D.; Trainer, Vera L.] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Marine Biotoxins Program, Seattle, WA USA.
[Moore, Stephanie K.] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Joint Off Sci Support, Seattle, WA USA.
[Hay, Levi R.] Univ Washington, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Anderson, Donald M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Trainer, Vera L.] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Marine Biotoxins Program, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Bill, BD (reprint author), NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Marine Biotoxins Program, Seattle, WA USA.
EM brian.d.bill@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Bloom (ECOHAB) Program;
Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, National Science
Foundation [OCE-1314642]; National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences [1-P01-ES021923-01]
FX The authors thank K. Bright (American Gold Seafoods) and K. Rickerson
(SoundToxins program) for collecting the bloom water used for
Alexandrium isolation; J. A. Johnstone (Joint Institute for the Study of
the Atmosphere and Ocean) for modeling the growth responses; S. Brugger
for culture maintenance; and the Northwest Fisheries Science Center's
Pasco Research Station for building the temperature gradient bar. We
thank C. Greengrove and J. Masura (University of Washington Tacoma) for
providing in situ Quartermaster Harbor light data, K. Rickerson and the
SoundToxins partnership for Alexandrium cell counts, the King County
Department of Natural Resources and Parks for temperature and salinity
data and the Washington State Department of Health for shellfish
toxicity data. This research was supported in part by a grant from the
NOAA Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Bloom (ECOHAB) Program to
the NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center. Support for D. M. Anderson
was also provided through the NOAA Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful
Algal Bloom (ECOHAB) Program grant OCE-1314642 and National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences grant 1-P01-ES021923-01. This is ECOHAB
publication number 808.
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 21
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-3646
EI 1529-8817
J9 J PHYCOL
JI J. Phycol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 2
BP 230
EP 238
DI 10.1111/jpy.12386
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DI6OG
UT WOS:000373618400008
PM 27037588
ER
PT J
AU Saglamyurek, E
Puigibert, MG
Zhou, Q
Giner, L
Marsili, F
Verma, VB
Nam, SW
Oesterling, L
Nippa, D
Oblak, D
Tittel, W
AF Saglamyurek, Erhan
Puigibert, Marcelli Grimau
Zhou, Qiang
Giner, Lambert
Marsili, Francesco
Verma, Varun B.
Nam, Sae Woo
Oesterling, Lee
Nippa, David
Oblak, Daniel
Tittel, Wolfgang
TI A multiplexed light-matter interface for fibre-based quantum networks
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID MEMORY; STORAGE; PHOTONS
AB Processing and distributing quantum information using photons through fibre-optic or free-space links are essential for building future quantum networks. The scalability needed for such networks can be achieved by employing photonic quantum states that are multiplexed into time and/or frequency, and light-matter interfaces that are able to store and process such states with large time-bandwidth product and multimode capacities. Despite important progress in developing such devices, the demonstration of these capabilities using non-classical light remains challenging. Here, employing the atomic frequency comb quantum memory protocol in a cryogenically cooled erbium-doped optical fibre, we report the quantum storage of heralded single photons at a telecom-wavelength (1.53 mu m) with a time-bandwidth product approaching 800. Furthermore, we demonstrate frequency-multimode storage and memory-based spectral-temporal photon manipulation. Notably, our demonstrations rely on fully integrated quantum technologies operating at telecommunication wavelengths. With improved storage efficiency, our light-matter interface may become a useful tool in future quantum networks.
C1 [Saglamyurek, Erhan; Puigibert, Marcelli Grimau; Zhou, Qiang; Giner, Lambert; Oblak, Daniel; Tittel, Wolfgang] Univ Calgary, Inst Quantum Sci & Technol, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
[Saglamyurek, Erhan; Puigibert, Marcelli Grimau; Zhou, Qiang; Giner, Lambert; Oblak, Daniel; Tittel, Wolfgang] Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
[Marsili, Francesco] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Div Appl Phys, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Verma, Varun B.; Nam, Sae Woo] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Oesterling, Lee; Nippa, David] Battelle Mem Inst, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
[Giner, Lambert] Univ Ottawa, Dept Phys, 150 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
RP Tittel, W (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Inst Quantum Sci & Technol, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.; Tittel, W (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
EM wtittel@ucalgary.ca
RI Tittel, Wolfgang/A-1600-2011
FU Alberta Innovates Technology Futures; National Science and Engineering
Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research;
DARPA Information in a Photon (InPho) programme; National Aeronautics
and Space Administration
FX E.S., M.G., Q.Z., L.G., D.O. and W.T. thank Jeongwan Jin, Neil Sinclair,
Charles Thiel and Vladimir Kiselyov for discussions and technical
support, and acknowledge funding through the Alberta Innovates
Technology Futures and the National Science and Engineering Research
Council of Canada. Furthermore, W.T. acknowledges support as a Senior
Fellow of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, and V.B.V. and
S.W.N. partial funding for detector development from the DARPA
Information in a Photon (InPho) programme. Part of the research was
carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration. L.O. and D.N. acknowledge Srico Inc. for their
assistance with the fabrication of PPLN wafers.
NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 17
U2 30
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 11202
DI 10.1038/ncomms11202
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DI6PK
UT WOS:000373621700001
PM 27046076
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, DL
Spielman, IB
AF Campbell, D. L.
Spielman, I. B.
TI Rashba realization: Raman with RF
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Rashba; spin-orbit; cold atoms; Bose-Einstein condensate; Floquet;
effective potential
ID OPTICAL LATTICES; PHASE; POTENTIALS; DYNAMICS
AB We theoretically explore a Rashba spin-orbit coupling scheme which operates entirely in the absolute ground state manifold of an alkali atom, thereby minimizing all inelastic processes. An energy gap between ground eigenstates of the proposed coupling can be continuously opened or closed by modifying laser polarizations. Our technique uses far-detuned 'Raman' laser coupling to create the Rashba potential, which has the benefit of low spontaneous emission rates. At these detunings, the Raman matrix elements that link m(F) magnetic sublevel quantum numbers separated by two are also suppressed. These matrix elements are necessary to produce the Rashba Hamiltonian within a single total angular momentum f manifold. However, the far-detuned Raman couplings can link the three XYZ states familiar to quantum chemistry, which possess the necessary connectivity to realize the Rashba potential. We show that these XYZ states are essentially the hyperfine spin eigenstates of Rb-87 dressed by a strong radio-frequency magnetic field.
C1 [Campbell, D. L.] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
NIST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Campbell, DL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM dlcamp@mit.edu
FU ARO's atomtronics MURI; AFOSR's Quantum Matter MURI; NIST; NSF through
the PFC at the JQI
FX This work was partially supported by the ARO's atomtronics MURI, by the
AFOSR's Quantum Matter MURI, NIST, and the NSF through the PFC at the
JQI.
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 5
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 18
AR 033035
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/18/3/033035
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DI8CE
UT WOS:000373727800001
ER
PT J
AU Ilicak, M
Drange, H
Wang, Q
Gerdes, R
Aksenov, Y
Bailey, D
Bentsen, M
Biastoch, A
Bozec, A
Boning, C
Cassou, C
Chassignet, E
Coward, AC
Curry, B
Danabasoglu, G
Danilov, S
Fernandez, E
Fogli, PG
Fujii, Y
Griffies, SM
Iovino, D
Jahn, A
Jung, T
Large, WG
Lee, C
Lique, C
Lu, JH
Masina, S
Nurser, AJG
Roth, C
Melia, DSY
Samuels, BL
Spence, P
Tsujino, H
Valcke, S
Voldoire, A
Wang, XZ
Yeager, SG
AF Ilicak, Mehmet
Drange, Helge
Wang, Qiang
Gerdes, Rudiger
Aksenov, Yevgeny
Bailey, David
Bentsen, Mats
Biastoch, Arne
Bozec, Alexandra
Boening, Claus
Cassou, Christophe
Chassignet, Eric
Coward, Andrew C.
Curry, Beth
Danabasoglu, Gokhan
Danilov, Sergey
Fernandez, Elodie
Fogli, Pier Giuseppe
Fujii, Yosuke
Griffies, Stephen M.
Iovino, Doroteaciro
Jahn, Alexandra
Jung, Thomas
Large, William G.
Lee, Craig
Lique, Camille
Lu, Jianhua
Masina, Simona
Nurser, A. J. George
Roth, Christina
Salas y Melia, David
Samuels, Bonita L.
Spence, Paul
Tsujino, Hiroyuki
Valcke, Sophie
Voldoire, Aurore
Wang, Xuezhu
Yeager, Steve G.
TI An assessment of the Arctic Ocean in a suite of interannual CORE-II
simulations. Part III: Hydrography and fluxes
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic Ocean; Atlantic Water; St. Anna Trough; Density currents; CORE-II
atmospheric forcing
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC SIMULATIONS; LIQUID FRESH-WATER; SEA-ICE; THERMOHALINE
CIRCULATION; SUBPOLAR GYRE; COLD WINTERS; MASSES; ADVECTION; WEATHER;
CLIMATOLOGY
AB In this paper we compare the simulated Arctic Ocean in 15 global ocean-sea ice models in the framework of the Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments, phase II (CORE-II). Most of these models are the ocean and sea-ice components of the coupled climate models used in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) experiments. We mainly focus on the hydrography of the Arctic interior, the state of Atlantic Water layer and heat and volume transports at the gateways of the Davis Strait, the Bering Strait, the Fram Strait and the Barents Sea Opening. We found that there is a large spread in temperature in the Arctic Ocean between the models, and generally large differences compared to the observed temperature at intermediate depths. Warm bias models have a strong temperature anomaly of inflow of the Atlantic Water entering the Arctic Ocean through the Fram Strait. Another process that is not represented accurately in the CORE-II models is the formation of cold and dense water, originating on the eastern shelves. In the cold bias models, excessive cold water forms in the Barents Sea and spreads into the Arctic Ocean through the St. Anna Through. There is a large spread in the simulated mean heat and volume transports through the Fram Strait and the Barents Sea Opening. The models agree more on the decadal variability, to a large degree dictated by the common atmospheric forcing. We conclude that the CORE-II model study helps us to understand the crucial biases in the Arctic Ocean. The current coarse resolution state-of-the-art ocean models need to be improved in accurate representation of the Atlantic Water inflow into the Arctic and density currents coming from the shelves. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Ilicak, Mehmet; Bentsen, Mats] Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Uni Res Climate, Bergen, Norway.
[Drange, Helge] Univ Bergen, Inst Geophys, Bergen, Norway.
[Drange, Helge] Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Bergen, Norway.
[Wang, Qiang; Gerdes, Rudiger; Danilov, Sergey; Jung, Thomas; Wang, Xuezhu] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res AWI, Alfred Wegener Inst, Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Aksenov, Yevgeny; Coward, Andrew C.; Nurser, A. J. George] NOC, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England.
[Bailey, David; Danabasoglu, Gokhan; Jahn, Alexandra; Large, William G.; Yeager, Steve G.] NCAR, Boulder, CO USA.
[Biastoch, Arne; Boening, Claus; Roth, Christina] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res, Kiel, Germany.
[Bozec, Alexandra; Chassignet, Eric; Lu, Jianhua] Florida State Univ, COAPS, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Cassou, Christophe; Fernandez, Elodie; Valcke, Sophie] CNRS, Ctr Europeen Rech & Format Avancee Calcul Sci, Unite Rech Associee 1875, Toulouse, France.
[Curry, Beth; Lee, Craig] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Fogli, Pier Giuseppe; Iovino, Doroteaciro; Masina, Simona] Ctr Euromediterraneo Cambiamenti Climatici CMCC, Bologna, Italy.
[Fujii, Yosuke; Tsujino, Hiroyuki] Japan Meteorol Agcy, MRI, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Griffies, Stephen M.; Samuels, Bonita L.] NOAA, GFDL, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Lique, Camille] Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, Oxford OX1 3PR, England.
[Salas y Melia, David; Voldoire, Aurore] CNRM, Toulouse, France.
[Spence, Paul] Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Spence, Paul] Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Masina, Simona] INGV, Bologna, Italy.
[Jahn, Alexandra] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Dept Atmopher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
IFREMER, Lab Phys Oceans, Brest, France.
RP Ilicak, M (reprint author), Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Uni Res Climate, Bergen, Norway.
EM mehmet.ilicak@noaa.gov
RI Lique, Camille/L-5543-2015; Jung, Thomas/J-5239-2012; Fogli, Pier
Giuseppe/E-9486-2015; Jahn, Alexandra/C-6545-2008; Boening,
Claus/B-1686-2012; Danilov, Sergey/S-6184-2016
OI Lique, Camille/0000-0002-8357-4928; Jung, Thomas/0000-0002-2651-1293;
Fogli, Pier Giuseppe/0000-0001-7997-6273; Jahn,
Alexandra/0000-0002-6580-2579; Boening, Claus/0000-0002-6251-5777;
FU European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh
Framework Programme [610055]; Research Council of Norway through the
project EVA [229771, nn2345k, ns2345k]; international CLIVAR; U.S.
CLIVAR project offices; Research Council of Norway through the EarthClim
[207711/E10]; NO-TUR/NorStore projects; Centre for Climate Dynamics at
the Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research; Helmholtz Climate Initiative
REKLIM (Regional Climate Change) project; Italian Ministry of Education;
Italian Ministry of Environment, Land, and Sea under the GEMINA project;
U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF); NOAA Climate Program Office
under Climate Variability and Predictability Program [NA09OAR4310163,
NA13OAR4310138]; NSF Collaborative Research EaSM2 grant [OCE-1243015];
"RACE-Regional Atlantic Circulation and Global Change" - German Federal
Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) [03F0651B]; UK Natural
Environment Research Council (NERC) Marine Centres - Strategic Research
Programme; Arctic Research Programme TEA-COSI project [NE/I028947/1];
National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs [PLR-1313614,
PLR-1203720]; Australian Research Council grant [DE150100223]
FX M. Ilicak is supported by Ice2Ice project that has received funding from
the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh
Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 610055.; M.
Bentsen, H. Drange and M. Ilicak acknowledge support from the Research
Council of Norway through the project EVA (grants 229771, nn2345k,
ns2345k).; The WCRP/CLIVAR Ocean Model Development Panel (OMDP) is
responsible for organizing the Coordinated Ocean-sea ice Reference
Experiments, with support from the international CLIVAR and U.S. CLIVAR
project offices. We are grateful for the efforts of modelers who have
contributed to the simulation and processing of the CORE-II
experiments.; The BERGEN contribution is supported by the Research
Council of Norway through the EarthClim (207711/E10) and NO-TUR/NorStore
projects, as well as the Centre for Climate Dynamics at the Bjerknes
Centre for Climate Research.; AWI is a member of the Helmholtz
Association of German Research Centers. Q. Wang is funded by the
Helmholtz Climate Initiative REKLIM (Regional Climate Change) project.;
The CMCC contribution received funding from the Italian Ministry of
Education, University, and Research and the Italian Ministry of
Environment, Land, and Sea under the GEMINA project.; NCAR is sponsored
by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF). S.G. Yeager was supported
by the NOAA Climate Program Office under Climate Variability and
Predictability Program grants NA09OAR4310163 and NA13OAR4310138 and by
the NSF Collaborative Research EaSM2 grant OCE-1243015 to NCAR.; The
GEOMAR experiments were performed at the North-German Supercomputing
Alliance (HLRN). C. Roth was supported by the Co-Operative Project
"RACE-Regional Atlantic Circulation and Global Change" funded by the
German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), grant no.
03F0651B.; The NOC contribution was partly supported by the UK Natural
Environment Research Council (NERC) Marine Centres - Strategic Research
Programme and partly by the Arctic Research Programme TEA-COSI project
(NE/I028947/1). We also acknowledge the annual meetings of the Forum for
Arctic Modeling and Observing Synthesis (FAMOS), funded by the National
Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs, awards PLR-1313614 and
PLR-1203720 being instrumental in conceiving ideas and in inspiring the
present study and are thankful to FAMOS for travel support to attend
these meetings. The NOC-ORCA simulations were performed using the NOC
local computing facilities and the cluster MOBILIS.; P. Spence is
supported by the Australian Research Council grant DE150100223.
NR 77
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 7
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 100
BP 141
EP 161
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.02.004
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA DI8BN
UT WOS:000373726000010
ER
PT J
AU Long, DA
Fleisher, AJ
Liu, Q
Hodges, JT
AF Long, D. A.
Fleisher, A. J.
Liu, Q.
Hodges, J. T.
TI Ultra-sensitive cavity ring-down spectroscopy in the mid-infrared
spectral region
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER; STABILIZATION; SPECTROMETER
AB We describe an ultra-sensitive cavity ring-down spectrometer which operates in the mid-infrared spectral region near 4.5 mu m. With this instrument a noise-equivalent absorption coefficient of 2.6 x 10(-11) cm(-1) Hz(-1/2) was demonstrated with less than 150 nW of optical power incident on the photodetector. Quantum noise was observed in the individual ring-down decay events, leading to quantum-noise-limited short-time performance. We believe that this spectrometer's combination of high sensitivity and robustness make it well suited for measurements of ultra-trace gas species as well as applications in optics and fundamental physics.
C1 [Long, D. A.; Fleisher, A. J.; Liu, Q.; Hodges, J. T.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Long, DA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.long@nist.gov; adam.fleisher@nist.gov
RI Fleisher, Adam/A-4215-2012
OI Fleisher, Adam/0000-0001-9216-0607
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
FX National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (Greenhouse Gas
Measurements and Climate Research, Innovation in Measurement Science
Grant).
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 25
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
EI 1539-4794
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 7
BP 1612
EP 1615
DI 10.1364/OL.41.001612
PG 4
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DI0ZI
UT WOS:000373225400078
PM 27192300
ER
PT J
AU Panthi, J
Aryal, S
Dahal, P
Bhandari, P
Krakauer, NY
Pandey, VP
AF Panthi, Jeeban
Aryal, Suman
Dahal, Piyush
Bhandari, Parashuram
Krakauer, Nir Y.
Pandey, Vishnu Prasad
TI Livelihood vulnerability approach to assessing climate change impacts on
mixed agro-livestock smallholders around the Gandaki River Basin in
Nepal
SO REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Mixed agro-livestock; Nepal; Smallholders; Vulnerability
ID COMMUNITIES; ADAPTATION; VARIABILITY; ASSESSMENTS; FRAMEWORK; RAINFALL;
HIMALAYA; SYSTEMS; FLOODS
AB Climate change vulnerability depends upon various factors and differs between places, sectors and communities. People in developing countries whose subsistence livelihood depends mainly upon agriculture and livestock production are identified as particularly vulnerable. Nepal, where the majority of people are in a mixed agro-livestock system, is identified as the world's fourth most vulnerable country to climate change. However, there is limited knowledge on how vulnerable mixed agro-livestock smallholders are and how their vulnerability differs across different ecological regions in Nepal. This study aims to test two vulnerability assessment indices, livelihood vulnerability index and IPCC vulnerability index, around the Gandaki River Basin of central Nepal. A total of 543 households practicing mixed agro-livestock were surveyed from three districts, namely Dhading, Syangja and Kapilvastu representing three major ecological zones: mountain, mid-hill and Terai (lowland). Data on socio-demographics, livelihood determinants, social networks, health, food and water security, natural disasters and climate variability were collected and combined into the indices. Both indices differed for mixed agro-livestock smallholders across the three districts, with Dhading scoring as the most vulnerable and Syangja the least. Substantial variation across the districts was observed in components, sub-components and three dimensions (exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity) of vulnerability. The findings help in designing site-specific intervention strategies to reduce vulnerability of mixed agro-livestock smallholders to climate change.
C1 [Panthi, Jeeban; Dahal, Piyush] Small Earth Nepal, 626 Bhakti Thapa Sadak,POB 20533, Kathmandu, Nepal.
[Aryal, Suman] Univ So Queensland, Int Ctr Appl Climate Sci, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia.
[Aryal, Suman] Univ So Queensland, Fac Business Educ Law & Arts, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia.
[Bhandari, Parashuram] Tribhuvan Univ, Cent Dept Environm Sci, Kathmandu, Nepal.
[Krakauer, Nir Y.] CUNY City Coll, Dept Civil Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Krakauer, Nir Y.] CUNY City Coll, NOAA CREST, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Pandey, Vishnu Prasad] Asian Inst Technol & Management, POB 25, Lalitpur Patan 44700, Spain.
[Pandey, Vishnu Prasad] Asian Inst Technol, POB 4, Klongluang 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand.
RP Panthi, J (reprint author), Small Earth Nepal, 626 Bhakti Thapa Sadak,POB 20533, Kathmandu, Nepal.
EM panthijeeban@gmail.com; aaryalsuman@gmail.com; Piyush.dahal@gmail.com;
Parashu.bhandari@gmail.com; nkrakauer@ccny.cuny.edu;
vishnu.pandey@gmail.com
FU USAID Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on
Adapting Livestock Systems to Climate Change at Colorado State
University [9650-32]
FX Department of Hydrology and Meteorology (DHM), the government of Nepal
and the UNISDR are highly acknowledged for providing the observed
meteorological data and natural disaster events, respectively. Field
enumerators from The Small Earth Nepal (SEN) and Tribhuvan University
are thanked. This work is part of a collaborative research project
supported by the USAID Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative
Research on Adapting Livestock Systems to Climate Change at Colorado
State University under sub-award 9650-32. All statements made are the
views of the authors and not the opinions of the funders or the US
government.
NR 63
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 8
U2 26
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1436-3798
EI 1436-378X
J9 REG ENVIRON CHANGE
JI Reg. Envir. Chang.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 4
BP 1121
EP 1132
DI 10.1007/s10113-015-0833-y
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DI2FH
UT WOS:000373310600017
ER
PT J
AU Hicks, CC
Levine, A
Agrawal, A
Basurto, X
Breslow, SJ
Carothers, C
Charnley, S
Coulthard, S
Dolsak, N
Donatuto, J
Garcia-Quijano, C
Mascia, MB
Norman, K
Poe, MR
Satterfield, T
Martin, KS
Levin, PS
AF Hicks, Christina C.
Levine, Arielle
Agrawal, Arun
Basurto, Xavier
Breslow, Sara J.
Carothers, Courtney
Charnley, Susan
Coulthard, Sarah
Dolsak, Nives
Donatuto, Jamie
Garcia-Quijano, Carlos
Mascia, Michael B.
Norman, Karma
Poe, Melissa R.
Satterfield, Terre
Martin, Kevin St.
Levin, Phillip S.
TI Engage key social concepts for sustainability
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Hicks, Christina C.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Hicks, Christina C.] James Cook Univ, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Coral Reef, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Hicks, Christina C.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England.
[Levine, Arielle] San Diego State Univ, Geog, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Agrawal, Arun] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Basurto, Xavier] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
[Breslow, Sara J.; Norman, Karma; Poe, Melissa R.; Levin, Phillip S.] NOAA, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Tacoma, WA USA.
[Carothers, Courtney] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Charnley, Susan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA.
[Coulthard, Sarah] Northumbria Univ, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Dolsak, Nives] Univ Washington, Sch Marine & Environm airs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Donatuto, Jamie] Swinomish Indian Tribal Community, Tacoma, WA USA.
[Garcia-Quijano, Carlos] Univ Rhode Isl, Anthropol & Marine Affairs, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Mascia, Michael B.] Conservat Int, Moore Ctr Sci, Arlington, VA USA.
[Poe, Melissa R.] Univ Washington, Washington Sea Grant, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Satterfield, Terre] Univ British Columbia, Inst Resources Environm & Sustainabil, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Martin, Kevin St.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Geog, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
RP Hicks, CC (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Hicks, CC (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Coral Reef, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Hicks, CC (reprint author), Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England.
EM christina.hicks@lancaster.ac.uk
OI Hicks, Christina/0000-0002-7399-4603
NR 15
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 13
U2 33
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 352
IS 6281
BP 38
EP 40
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH8JP
UT WOS:000373039600023
PM 27034361
ER
PT J
AU Schaefer, H
Fletcher, SEM
Veidt, C
Lassey, KR
Brailsford, GW
Bromley, TM
Dlugokencky, EJ
Michel, SE
Miller, JB
Levin, I
Lowe, DC
Martin, RJ
Vaughn, BH
White, JWC
AF Schaefer, Hinrich
Fletcher, Sara E. Mikaloff
Veidt, Cordelia
Lassey, Keith R.
Brailsford, Gordon W.
Bromley, Tony M.
Dlugokencky, Edward J.
Michel, Sylvia E.
Miller, John B.
Levin, Ingeborg
Lowe, Dave C.
Martin, Ross J.
Vaughn, Bruce H.
White, James W. C.
TI A 21st-century shift from fossil-fuel to biogenic methane emissions
indicated by (CH4)-C-13
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC METHANE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; MIXING-RATIO; BUDGET;
ATTRIBUTION; HYDROXYL; DECADES; TREND; SINKS; STATE
AB Between 1999 and 2006, a plateau interrupted the otherwise continuous increase of atmospheric methane concentration [CH4] since preindustrial times. Causes could be sink variability or a temporary reduction in industrial or climate-sensitive sources. We reconstructed the global history of [CH4] and its stable carbon isotopes from ice cores, archived air, and a global network of monitoring stations. A box-model analysis suggests that diminishing thermogenic emissions, probably from the fossil-fuel industry, and/or variations in the hydroxyl CH4 sink caused the [CH4] plateau. Thermogenic emissions did not resume to cause the renewed [CH4] rise after 2006, which contradicts emission inventories. Post-2006 source increases are predominantly biogenic, outside the Arctic, and arguably more consistent with agriculture than wetlands. If so, mitigating CH4 emissions must be balanced with the need for food production.
C1 [Schaefer, Hinrich; Fletcher, Sara E. Mikaloff; Lassey, Keith R.; Brailsford, Gordon W.; Bromley, Tony M.; Lowe, Dave C.; Martin, Ross J.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res NIWA, Climate & Atmosphere Ctr, 301 Evans Bay Parade, Wellington 6021, New Zealand.
[Veidt, Cordelia; Levin, Ingeborg] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Umweltphys, Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Dlugokencky, Edward J.; Miller, John B.] NOAA, ESRL, Global Monitoring Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Michel, Sylvia E.; Vaughn, Bruce H.; White, James W. C.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lassey, Keith R.] Lassey Res & Educ, 4 Witako St, Lower Hutt 5011, New Zealand.
[Lowe, Dave C.] LoweNZ, 31 Queen St, Lower Hutt 5012, New Zealand.
RP Schaefer, H (reprint author), Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res NIWA, Climate & Atmosphere Ctr, 301 Evans Bay Parade, Wellington 6021, New Zealand.
EM hinrich.schaefer@niwa.co.nz
RI White, James/A-7845-2009
OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684
FU Marsden Fund Council from New Zealand Government; NIWA under Climate and
Atmosphere Research Programme [CAAC1504 (2014/15 SCI)]
FX We thank S. Montzka for supplying OH-reconstruction data. M. Harvey and
K. Steinkamp provided helpful discussions. Feedback from two anonymous
reviewers improved the manuscript. Antarctica NZ supports air sampling
at Arrival Heights, Antarctica (ARH). Raw data for individual stations
measured by INSTAAR and NIWA are available from the World Data Centre
for Greenhouse Gases
http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/wdcgg/introduction.html; data from INSTAAR
are also available from ftp://aftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/data/trace_gases. Data
from Heidelberg University are available from
http://www.iup.uni-heidelberg.de/institut/forschung/groups/kk/en/Data_ht
ml. Data measured by University of Washington and University of
California, Irvine, were taken from http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ndps/quay.html
and http://cdiac.ornl.gov/epubs/db/db1022/db1022.html, respectively.
Yearly delta13 C values for individual stations and global
annual averages are presented in tables S3 and S4. This research was
supported by the Marsden Fund Council from New Zealand Government
funding, administered by the Royal Society of New Zealand. Further
support came from NIWA under Climate and Atmosphere Research Programme
CAAC1504 (2014/15 SCI). The authors declare no competing interests. H.
S. designed the data analysis; G. W. B., T. M. B., R. J. M., J. B. M.,
D. C. L., B. H. V., C. V., and S. E. M. performed delta13C
measurements; C. V., J. B. M., I. L., D. C. L., and J. W. C. W. designed
sampling and analytical programmes and performed data quality control;
E. J. D. provided [CH4] data; K. R. L. and H. S. designed the
box model; S. E. M. F. and H. S. performed uncertainty analyses; and all
authors contributed to the interpretation and the writing of the
manuscript.
NR 32
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 33
U2 65
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 352
IS 6281
BP 80
EP 84
DI 10.1126/science.aad2705
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH8JP
UT WOS:000373039600039
PM 26966190
ER
PT J
AU Nielsen, AAK
Der, BS
Shin, J
Vaidyanathan, P
Paralanov, V
Strychalski, EA
Ross, D
Densmore, D
Voigt, CA
AF Nielsen, Alec A. K.
Der, Bryan S.
Shin, Jonghyeon
Vaidyanathan, Prashant
Paralanov, Vanya
Strychalski, Elizabeth A.
Ross, David
Densmore, Douglas
Voigt, Christopher A.
TI Genetic circuit design automation
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LOGIC GATES; COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN;
REGULATORY NETWORKS; LIVING CELLS; TRANSCRIPTION; EXPRESSION; SYSTEM;
PARTS
AB Computation can be performed in living cells by DNA-encoded circuits that process sensory information and control biological functions. Their construction is time-intensive, requiring manual part assembly and balancing of regulator expression. We describe a design environment, Cello, in which a user writes Verilog code that is automatically transformed into a DNA sequence. Algorithms build a circuit diagram, assign and connect gates, and simulate performance. Reliable circuit design requires the insulation of gates from genetic context, so that they function identically when used in different circuits. We used Cello to design 60 circuits for Escherichia coli (880,000 base pairs of DNA), for which each DNA sequence was built as predicted by the software with no additional tuning. Of these, 45 circuits performed correctly in every output state (up to 10 regulators and 55 parts), and across all circuits 92% of the output states functioned as predicted. Design automation simplifies the incorporation of genetic circuits into biotechnology projects that require decision-making, control, sensing, or spatial organization.
C1 [Nielsen, Alec A. K.; Der, Bryan S.; Shin, Jonghyeon; Voigt, Christopher A.] MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Synthet Biol Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Der, Bryan S.; Vaidyanathan, Prashant; Densmore, Douglas] Boston Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Biol Design Ctr, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Paralanov, Vanya; Strychalski, Elizabeth A.; Ross, David] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20817 USA.
RP Voigt, CA (reprint author), MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Synthet Biol Ctr, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM cavoigt@gmail.com
FU Office of Naval Research, Multidisciplinary University Research
Initiative [N00014-13-1-0074]; Siebel Scholarship; Air Force Office of
Scientific Research; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate
fellowship [FA9550-11-C-0028]; National Institute of General Medical
Sciences [P50 GMO98792]; NSF Synthetic Biology Engineering Research
Center [SynBERC EEC0540879]; NSF [1147158]; NIST Strategic and Emerging
Research Initiative; National Research Council postdoctoral program; AWS
in Education Grant; Thermo Fischer (Life Technologies) [A114510]
FX All data described in this paper are presented in the supplementary
materials. Cello can be accessed at www.cellocad.org; the code is open
source and maintained via the Nona Research Foundation
(www.nonasoftware.org). The insulated gates, circuits, and plasmids
defined in the UCF can be obtained via Addgene (www.addgene.org). The E.
coli strain used in this UCF is available from New England Biolabs
(C3019). D.D. is president and part owner of Lattice Automation, which
works on software for synthetic biology. Supported by Office of Naval
Research, Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative grant
N00014-13-1-0074 (C.A.V. and A.A.K.N.); a Siebel Scholarship (Class of
2015) and Air Force Office of Scientific Research, National Defense
Science and Engineering Graduate fellowship FA9550-11-C-0028 (A.A.K.N.);
National Institute of General Medical Sciences grant P50 GMO98792 and
NSF Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center grant SynBERC
EEC0540879 (C.A.V. and J.S.); NSF grant 1147158 (D.D. and P.V.); the
NIST Strategic and Emerging Research Initiative (V.P., E.A.S., and
D.R.); the National Research Council postdoctoral program (V.P.); an AWS
in Education Grant; and Thermo Fischer (Life Technologies, A114510). We
thank S. Bhatia (Boston University) for his work to enumerate the
three-input, one-output logic motifs; R. Ghamari (Boston University) for
early work on the Cello software foundation and design approach; N.
Roehner for technical assistance with SBOL; and E. Oberortner for
technical assistance with Eugene. The National Institute of Standards
and Technology notes that certain commercial equipment, instruments, and
materials are identified in this paper to specify an experimental
procedure as completely as possible. In no case does the identification
of particular equipment or materials imply a recommendation or
endorsement by NIST, nor does it imply that the materials, instruments,
or equipment are necessarily the best available for the purpose. The
University of California, San Francisco, holds a patent application
associated with this work (US20130005590 A1). The set of insulated
gates, the plasmid backbones for the circuit and output plasmids (Fig.
1), and the standard RPU plasmid are available via Addgene
(www.addgene.org/Christopher_Voigt/). Cello can be accessed as a
web-based application (www.cellocad.org), the code for which will be
open source and provided on Github (https://github.com/CIDARLAB/cello).
NR 98
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 48
U2 103
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 352
IS 6281
AR aac7341
DI 10.1126/science.aac7341
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH8JP
UT WOS:000373039600032
PM 27034378
ER
PT J
AU Friedman, LH
Vaudin, MD
Stranick, SJ
Stan, G
Gerbig, YB
Osborn, W
Cook, RF
AF Friedman, Lawrence H.
Vaudin, Mark D.
Stranick, Stephan J.
Stan, Gheorghe
Gerbig, Yvonne B.
Osborn, William
Cook, Robert F.
TI Assessing strain mapping by electron backscatter diffraction and
confocal Raman microscopy using wedge-indented Si
SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE EBSD; AFM; Confocal Raman Microscopy; FEA; Indentation; Strain
ID MONO-CRYSTALLINE SILICON; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; STRESS
MEASUREMENTS; NANO-INDENTATION; ELASTIC STRAINS; SIMULATION;
SPECTROSCOPY; NANOINDENTATION; MECHANICS
AB The accuracy of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and confocal Raman microscopy (CRM) for smallscale strain mapping are assessed using the multi-axial strain field surrounding a wedge indentation in Si as a test vehicle. The strain field is modeled using finite element analysis (FEA) that is adapted to the near-indentation surface profile measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The assessment consists of (1) direct experimental comparisons of strain and deformation and (2) comparisons in which the modeled strain field is used as an intermediate step. Direct experimental methods (1) consist of comparisons of surface elevation and gradient measured by AFM and EBSD and of Raman shifts measured and predicted by CRM and EBSD, respectively. Comparisons that utilize the combined FEA-AFM model (2) consist of predictions of distortion, strain, and rotation for comparison with EBSD measurements and predictions of Raman shift for comparison with CRM measurements. For both EBSD and CRM, convolution of measurements in depth-varying strain fields is considered. The interconnected comparisons suggest that EBSD was able to provide an accurate assessment of the wedge indentation deformation field to within the precision of the measurements, approximately 2 x 10(-4) in strain. CRM was similarly precise, but was limited in accuracy to several times this value. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Friedman, Lawrence H.; Vaudin, Mark D.; Stranick, Stephan J.; Stan, Gheorghe; Gerbig, Yvonne B.; Osborn, William; Cook, Robert F.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cook, RF (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM robert.cook@nist.gov
RI Friedman, Lawrence/G-5650-2011
OI Friedman, Lawrence/0000-0003-2416-9903
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 52
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3991
EI 1879-2723
J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY
JI Ultramicroscopy
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 163
BP 75
EP 86
DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.02.001
PG 12
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA DI5GE
UT WOS:000373526100009
PM 26939030
ER
PT J
AU Obuchowski, NA
Buckler, A
Kinahan, P
-Mayer, HC
Petrick, N
Barboriak, DP
Bullen, J
Barnhart, H
Sullivan, DC
AF Obuchowski, Nancy A.
Buckler, Andrew
Kinahan, Paul
-Mayer, Heather Chen
Petrick, Nicholas
Barboriak, Daniel P.
Bullen, Jennifer
Barnhart, Huiman
Sullivan, Daniel C.
TI Statistical Issues in Testing Conformance with the Quantitative Imaging
Biomarker Alliance (QIBA) Profile Claims
SO ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE QIBA; quantitative imaging biomarker; precision; repeatability; bias;
total deviation index; linearity
ID TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE
AB A major initiative of the Quantitative Imaging Biomarker Alliance is to develop standards-based documents called "Profiles," which describe one or more technical performance claims for a given imaging modality. The term "actor" denotes any entity (device, software, or person) whose performance must meet certain specifications for the claim to be met. The objective of this paper is to present the statistical issues in testing actors' conformance with the specifications. In particular, we present the general rationale and interpretation of the claims, the minimum requirements for testing whether an actor achieves the performance requirements, the study designs used for testing conformity, and the statistical analysis plan. We use three examples to illustrate the process: apparent diffusion coefficient in solid tumors measured by MRI, change in Perc 15 as a biomarker for the progression of emphysema, and percent change in solid tumor volume by computed tomography as a biomarker for lung cancer progression.
C1 [Obuchowski, Nancy A.; Bullen, Jennifer] Cleveland Clin Fdn, Quantitat Hlth Sci, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
[Buckler, Andrew] Elucid Bioimaging Inc, Wenham, MA USA.
[Kinahan, Paul] Univ Washington, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[-Mayer, Heather Chen] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Petrick, Nicholas] US FDA, CDRH, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Barboriak, Daniel P.; Barnhart, Huiman; Sullivan, Daniel C.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA.
RP Obuchowski, NA (reprint author), Cleveland Clin Fdn, Quantitat Hlth Sci, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
EM obuchon@ccf.org
RI Barboriak, Daniel/M-4414-2015;
OI Barboriak, Daniel/0000-0002-2536-6266; Buckler,
Andrew/0000-0002-0786-4835
FU NIBIB [HHSN268201300071C]
FX This work was supported by a grant from NIBIB (no. HHSN268201300071C).
QIBA is indebted to the many volunteers who participated in the QIBA
metrology workshops for their contributions to the statistical
groundwork for the claims.
NR 13
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Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1076-6332
EI 1878-4046
J9 ACAD RADIOL
JI Acad. Radiol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 23
IS 4
BP 496
EP 506
DI 10.1016/j.acra.2015.12.020
PG 11
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA DH8HM
UT WOS:000373034100014
PM 26898527
ER
PT J
AU Klose, A
Ycas, G
Cruz, FC
Maser, DL
Diddams, SA
AF Klose, Andrew
Ycas, Gabriel
Cruz, Flavio C.
Maser, Daniel L.
Diddams, Scott A.
TI Rapid, broadband spectroscopic temperature measurement of CO2 using VIPA
spectroscopy
SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY; FREQUENCY COMB SPECTROSCOPY;
DIODE-LASER; GAS; DATABASE
AB Time-resolved spectroscopic temperature measurements of a sealed carbon dioxide sample cell were realized with an optical frequency comb combined with a two-dimensional dispersive spectrometer. A supercontinuum laser source based on an erbium fiber mode-locked laser was employed to generate coherent light around 2000 nm (5000 cm(-1)). The laser was passed through a 12-cm-long cell containing CO2, and the transmitted light was analyzed in a virtually imaged phased array-based spectrometer. Broadband spectra spanning more than 100 cm(-1) with a spectral resolution of roughly 0.075 cm(-1) (2.2 GHz) were acquired with an integration period of 2 ms. The temperature of the CO2 sample was deduced from fitting a modeled spectrum to the line intensities of the experimentally acquired spectrum. Temperature dynamics on the timescale of milliseconds were observed with a temperature resolution of 2.6 K. The spectroscopically deduced temperatures agreed with temperatures of the sample cell measured with a thermistor. Potential applications of this technique include quantitative measurement of carbon dioxide concentration and temperature dynamics in gas-phase chemical reactions(e.g., combustion) and plasma diagnostics.
C1 [Klose, Andrew; Ycas, Gabriel; Cruz, Flavio C.; Maser, Daniel L.; Diddams, Scott A.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Cruz, Flavio C.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Fis Gleb Wataghin, BR-13083859 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[Maser, Daniel L.; Diddams, Scott A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Klose, Andrew] Augustana Univ, Dept Chem, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA.
RP Klose, A (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.; Klose, A (reprint author), Augustana Univ, Dept Chem, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA.
EM aklose@augie.edu
FU NIST Greenhouse Gas and Climate Science Measurements Program; National
Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship Program; CNPq; Fapesp; NIST
FX This work was supported in part by the NIST Greenhouse Gas and Climate
Science Measurements Program. The authors thank T.A. Johnson, L.
Nugent-Glandorf, F. Quinlan, and F. Giorgetta for useful discussions, J.
Ye for providing the VIPA etalon, and M. Hirano of Sumitomo for
providing the nonlinear fiber. A.K. acknowledges support from the
National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, and F.C.C.
acknowledges support from CNPq, Fapesp and NIST. This work is a
contribution of the United States Government and is not subject to
copyright in the United States.
NR 17
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U1 10
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0946-2171
EI 1432-0649
J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O
JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 122
IS 4
AR UNSP 78
DI 10.1007/s00340-016-6349-4
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA DH6IQ
UT WOS:000372894600011
ER
PT J
AU Fang, SX
Tans, PP
Dong, F
Zhou, HG
Luan, T
AF Fang, Shuang-xi
Tans, Pieter P.
Dong, Fan
Zhou, Huaigang
Luan, Tian
TI Characteristics of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 at the Shangdianzi regional
background station in China
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon dioxide; Methane; Observation; Back trajectory; Air mass
transport
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; EAST-ASIA; WMO/GAW STATIONS; EMISSIONS; METHANE;
MONOXIDE; TRENDS; POLLUTANTS; GROWTH; SITE
AB Atmospheric CO2 and CH4 have been continuously measured at the Shangdianzi regional background station (SDZ) in China from 2009 to 2013. Based on the influences of local surface wind and long-distance transport, the observed records were flagged into locally influenced, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) influenced, and Russia, Mongolia, and Inner Mongolia autonomous region influenced (RMI). similar to 81.4% of CO2 and similar to 75.6% of CH4 mole fractions were flagged as locally representative, indicating that the atmospheric CO2 and CH4 at SDZ were strongly influenced by local sources and sinks. Cluster analysis of back trajectories proved that the atmospheric CO2 and CH4 were influenced by air masses from northwest (RMI) or from south and southeast (BTH). The CO2 and CH4 mole fractions in BTH are always higher than in RMI, with the largest difference of 11.5 +/- 0.3 ppm for CO2 and 102 +/- 1 ppb for CH4 in July. The annual growth rates of CO2 and CH4 in BTH are 3.8 +/- 0.01 ppm yr(-1) and 10 +/- 0.1 ppb yr(-1), respectively, which are apparently higher than those of the RMI and the global means. The long-term trends of CO2 and CH4 in BTH are deviating from those in RMI, with ratios of similar to 1.0 ppm yr(-1) for CO2 and similar to 2 ppb yr(-1) for CH4, indicating the strengths of CO2 and CH4 emission in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei plain increased more than 20% every year. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fang, Shuang-xi] China Meteorol Adm, MOC, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Tans, Pieter P.] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Dong, Fan; Zhou, Huaigang] CMA, Shangdianzi Reg Background Stn, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Luan, Tian] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, CMA, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Fang, SX (reprint author), China Meteorol Adm, MOC, Beijing, Peoples R China.
EM fangsx@cma.gov.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41375130, 41405129,
41303052]
FX We express our great thanks to the staff at Shangdianzi station, who
have contributed to the system installation and maintenance. This work
is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.
41375130, 41405129, 41303052).
NR 50
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U1 6
U2 22
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 131
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.01.044
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DH4NT
UT WOS:000372763400001
ER
PT J
AU Kritzer, JP
Delucia, MB
Greene, E
Shumway, C
Topolski, MF
Thomas-Blate, J
Chiarella, LA
Davy, KB
Smith, K
AF Kritzer, Jacob P.
Delucia, Mari-Beth
Greene, Emily
Shumway, Caroly
Topolski, Marek F.
Thomas-Blate, Jessie
Chiarella, Louis A.
Davy, Kay B.
Smith, Kent
TI The Importance of Benthic Habitats for Coastal Fisheries
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE coastal ecosystems; fisheries; marine biology; aquatic ecosystems;
conservation
ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; FISH COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT; ESTUARINE; JUVENILE;
IMPACTS; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; CONNECTIVITY; ASSEMBLAGES
AB Ecosystem-based management requires greater attention to habitat conservation. We evaluate the importance of benthic habitats as space for shelter, feeding, and breeding by coastal fishes and motile invertebrates in four biogeographic regions of the eastern United States. The importance of different habitats changed with latitude. Soft sediments and riverine systems scored higher in northern regions, and marshes and coral reefs scored higher in the south. The importance of soft sediments is notable because environmental assessments often assume their ecological value is lower. Submerged aquatic vegetation was a key nursery habitat coast-wide. An important consideration is that anthropogenic impacts have altered habitat availability and use, and climate change is causing ongoing disturbance. Furthermore, distinct habitats should not be managed in isolation but rather as interconnected mosaics. Our approach, combined with information on status, vulnerability, and other ecological functions, can be used to evaluate trade-offs and develop habitat-management strategies.
C1 [Kritzer, Jacob P.] Environm Def Fund, Boston, MA USA.
[Delucia, Mari-Beth] Nature Conservancy, Harrisburg, PA USA.
[Greene, Emily] Earth Resources Technol Inc, Laurel, MD USA.
[Shumway, Caroly] Merrimack River Watershed Council, Lawrence, MA USA.
[Topolski, Marek F.] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Fisheries Serv, Annapolis, MD USA.
[Thomas-Blate, Jessie] Amer Rivers, Washington, DC USA.
[Chiarella, Louis A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Greater Atlant Reg Fisheries Off, Gloucester, MA USA.
[Davy, Kay B.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Protected Resources Div, Dania, FL USA.
[Smith, Kent] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Aquat Habitat Conservat & Restorat Sect, Tallahassee, FL USA.
RP Kritzer, JP (reprint author), Environm Def Fund, Boston, MA USA.
EM jkritzer@edf.org
FU ASMFC; ACFHP [DC M-60-HM]; USFWS [F14AC00728]
FX We thank the many scientists at agencies, institutions, and
organizations along the Atlantic coast that completed - sections of the
matrix, participated in review meetings, or conducted independent
reviews (see the supplementary material for a full list). Funding for
the habitat evaluation was provided to ASMFC and ACFHP through the
Multistate Conservation Grant Program, grant no. DC M-60-HM,
administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Agency (USFWS) and the
Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. Additional funding was
provided by USFWS cooperative agreement no. F14AC00728 to ASMFC.
Comments from three anonymous reviewers improved the quality of this
article, although the content remains the sole responsibility of the
authors. The habitat scores and supporting bibliography are archived by
ACFHP (www.atlanticfishhabitat.org). The authors claim no conflicts of
interest.
NR 64
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U1 7
U2 31
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3568
EI 1525-3244
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 66
IS 4
BP 274
EP 284
DI 10.1093/biosci/biw014
PG 11
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA DI0WK
UT WOS:000373217800004
ER
PT J
AU Wagner, R
Moon, RJ
Raman, A
AF Wagner, Ryan
Moon, Robert J.
Raman, Arvind
TI Mechanical properties of cellulose nanomaterials studied by contact
resonance atomic force microscopy
SO CELLULOSE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atomic force microscopy; Cellulose nanomaterials; Cellulose
nanocrystals; Cellulose nanofibrils; Contact resonance; Nanomechanics
ID ELASTIC-MODULI; WHISKERS; NANOCRYSTALS; CALIBRATION; SIZE
AB Quantification of the mechanical properties of cellulose nanomaterials is key to the development of new cellulose nanomaterial based products. Using contact resonance atomic force microscopy we measured and mapped the transverse elastic modulus of three types of cellulosic nanoparticles: tunicate cellulose nanocrystals, wood cellulose nanocrystals, and wood cellulose nanofibrils. These modulus values were calculated with different contact mechanics models exploring the effects of cellulose geometry and thickness on the interpretation of the data. While intra-particle variations in modulus are detected, we did not observe a measureable difference in modulus between the three types of cellulose particles. Improved practices and experimental complications for the characterization of cellulosic nanomaterials with atomic force microscopy are discussed.
C1 [Wagner, Ryan; Raman, Arvind] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Wagner, Ryan; Raman, Arvind] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Moon, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Wagner, Ryan] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Wagner, R (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM rbwagner187@gmail.com; robertmoon@fs.fed.us; raman@purdue.edu
FU Forest Products laboratory (US Forest Service) [12-CR-11111129-076]
FX The authors would like to thank the Forest Products laboratory (US
Forest Service) Grant No. 12-CR-11111129-076 for funding this research.
We are grateful to the Forest Products laboratory for providing the wood
CN samples and Professor Christoph Weder (Universite de Fribourg) for
providing tunicate CN samples. We are also grateful for Jason Killgore
(NIST) for helpful discussions regarding the contact resonance AFM
technique.
NR 46
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U1 5
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0969-0239
EI 1572-882X
J9 CELLULOSE
JI Cellulose
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 23
IS 2
BP 1031
EP 1041
DI 10.1007/s10570-016-0883-4
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer
Science
SC Materials Science; Polymer Science
GA DH9SO
UT WOS:000373136400002
ER
PT J
AU Gangodagamage, C
Foufoula-Georgiou, E
Brumby, SP
Chartrand, R
Koltunov, A
Liu, DS
Cai, M
Ustin, SL
AF Gangodagamage, Chandana
Foufoula-Georgiou, Efi
Brumby, Steven P.
Chartrand, Rick
Koltunov, Alexander
Liu, Desheng
Cai, Michael
Ustin, Susan L.
TI Wavelet-Compressed Representation of Landscapes for Hydrologic and
Geomorphologic Applications
SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Biorthogonal modulation; biorthogonal wavelets; channel networks; data
compression; Digital Elevation models (DEMs); high spatial resolution
data; hydrology; image resolution; LiDAR; lossy compression; wavelets;
wavelet transforms
ID ORGANIZATION
AB The availability of high-resolution digital elevation data (submeter resolution) from LiDAR has increased dramatically over the past few years. As a result, the efficient storage and transmission of those large data sets and their use for geomorphic feature extraction and hydrologic/environmental modeling are becoming a scientific challenge. This letter explores the use of multiresolution wavelet analysis for compression of LiDAR digital elevation data sets. The compression takes advantage of the fact that, in most landscapes, neighboring pixels are correlated and thus contain some redundant information. The space-frequency localization of the wavelet filters allows one to preserve detailed high-resolution features where needed while representing the rest of the landscape at lower resolution. We explore a lossy compression methodology based on biorthogonal wavelets and demonstrate that, by keeping only approximately 10% of the original information (data compression ratio similar to 94%), the reconstructed landscapes retain most of the information of relevance to geomorphologic applications, such as the ability to accurately extract channel networks for environmental flux routing, as well as to identify geomorphic process transition from the curvature-slope and slope-distance relationships.
C1 [Gangodagamage, Chandana; Koltunov, Alexander; Ustin, Susan L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Gangodagamage, Chandana] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci & Space Sci & Remote Sensing, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Gangodagamage, Chandana] NOAA, Natl Water Ctr, Tuscaloosa, AL 35406 USA.
[Foufoula-Georgiou, Efi] Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, St Anthony Falls Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA.
[Foufoula-Georgiou, Efi] Univ Minnesota, Natl Ctr Earth Surface Dynam, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA.
[Brumby, Steven P.; Chartrand, Rick] Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Brumby, Steven P.; Chartrand, Rick] Descartes Labs, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Liu, Desheng] Ohio State Univ, Dept Geog, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Cai, Michael] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space Data Syst, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Gangodagamage, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Gangodagamage, C (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci & Space Sci & Remote Sensing, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.; Gangodagamage, C (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Water Ctr, Tuscaloosa, AL 35406 USA.
EM chhandana@gmail.com
RI Liu, Desheng/A-9356-2011;
OI Gangodagamage, Chandana/0000-0001-6511-1711
NR 22
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U1 5
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1545-598X
EI 1558-0571
J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S
JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 13
IS 4
BP 480
EP 484
DI 10.1109/LGRS.2015.2513011
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA DH7YJ
UT WOS:000373009800002
ER
PT J
AU Yang, H
Weng, FZ
AF Yang, Hu
Weng, Fuzhong
TI Corrections for On-Orbit ATMS Lunar Contamination
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS); calibration;
contamination; lunar intrusion (LI)
ID BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE
AB The cold calibration count from the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) space view increases when the lunar radiation intrudes its antenna field of view (FOV). This increase is referred to as lunar contamination since the cold count is notmatched with the specified brightness temperature of 2.73 K. For ATMS, it is found that the elapse time of lunar intrusion (LI) and the magnitude of the cold count increase are channel dependent. If the lunar-affected calibration counts are rejected in the processing, a data gap can be shown in brightness temperature at all channels. At ATMS channels 1 and 2, which have a large FOV, the LI can result in an increase of 40 counts in cold calibration. At higher frequency channels which have a smaller FOV size, the LI intensity is much stronger and can be as large as a few hundred counts. The LI becomes significant when its radiation appears in the ATMS antenna main beam. In the current ATMS operational calibration algorithm, the cold count anomaly is detected when the intensity of LI exceeds a certain threshold. The lunar radiation can be also corrected in the ATMS calibration. In doing so, a lunar radiation term is derived as a function of antenna gain, the solid angle of the Moon, and the brightness temperature of the Moon disk. This algorithm is applied in an ATMS calibration system developed at NOAA and shows a successful removal of all the lunar contamination on the earth-scene brightness temperature.
C1 [Yang, Hu] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Yang, H (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM huyang@umd.edu
RI Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Joint Polar Satellite
System Program
FX This work was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's Joint Polar Satellite System Program. The views
expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent those of NOAA.
NR 9
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U1 2
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 4
BP 1918
EP 1924
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2015.2490198
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA DH7WF
UT WOS:000373004000004
ER
PT J
AU Fu, SD
Cui, WL
Hu, M
Chang, RN
Donahue, MJ
Lomakin, V
AF Fu, Sidi
Cui, Weilong
Hu, Matthew
Chang, Ruinan
Donahue, Michael J.
Lomakin, Vitaliy
TI Finite-Difference Micromagnetic Solvers With the Object-Oriented
Micromagnetic Framework on Graphics Processing Units
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Graphics processing unit (GPU); magnetostatics; micromagnetics;
object-oriented micromagnetic framework (OOMMF)
ID FIELD CALCULATION; SIMULATIONS; ALGORITHM
AB A micromagnetic solver using the finite-difference method on a graphics processing unit (GPU) and its integration with the object-oriented micromagnetic framework (OOMMF) are presented. Two approaches for computing the magnetostatic field accelerated by the fast Fourier transform are implemented. The first approach, referred to as the tensor approach, is based on the tensor spatial convolution to directly compute the magnetostatic field from magnetic moments. The second approach, referred to as the scalar potential approach, uses differential operator evaluation through finite differences (divergence for magnetic charge and gradient for magnetostatic field) and spatial convolution for magnetic scalar potential. Comparisons of implementation details, speed, memory consumption, and accuracy are provided. The GPU implementation of OOMMF shows up to 32x GPU-CPU speedup.
C1 [Fu, Sidi; Lomakin, Vitaliy] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Magnet Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Fu, Sidi; Lomakin, Vitaliy] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Cui, Weilong] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Hu, Matthew] Stanford Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Chang, Ruinan] Oracle Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
[Donahue, Michael J.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fu, SD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Magnet Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.; Fu, SD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM s6fu@ucsd.edu
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology
FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology. The mention of specific products, trademarks, or brand names
is for the purposes of identification only. Such a mention is not to be
interpreted in any way as an endorsement or certification of such
products or brands by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology. All trademarks mentioned herein belong to their respective
owners.
NR 29
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PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9464
EI 1941-0069
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
AR 7100109
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2015.2503262
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA DH5PK
UT WOS:000372843500018
ER
PT J
AU Ortega, KL
Krause, JM
Ryzhkov, AV
AF Ortega, Kiel L.
Krause, John M.
Ryzhkov, Alexander V.
TI Polarimetric Radar Characteristics of Melting Hail. Part III: Validation
of the Algorithm for Hail Size Discrimination
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Algorithms; Convective storms; Remote sensing; Hail; Radars/Radar
observations
ID HYDROMETEOR CLASSIFICATION; POLARIZATION EXPERIMENT; DOPPLER RADAR;
INDICATOR; WSR-88D; MODEL; REFLECTIVITY; PERFORMANCE; SIGNATURES;
GRAUPEL
AB This study is the third part of a paper series investigating the polarimetric radar properties of melting hail and application of those properties for operational polarimetric hail detection and determination of its size. The results of theoretical simulations in Part I were used to develop a hail size discrimination algorithm (HSDA) described in Part II. The HSDA uses radar reflectivity Z, differential reflectivity Z(DR), and cross-correlation coefficient rho(hv) along with melting-level height within a fuzzy-logic scheme to distinguish among three hail size classes: small hail (with diameter D < 2.5 cm), large hail (2.5 < D < 5.0 cm), and giant hail (D > 5.0 cm). The HSDA validation is performed using radar data collected by numerous WSR-88D sites and more than 3000 surface hail reports obtained from the Severe Hazards Analysis and Verification Experiment (SHAVE). The original HSDA version was modified in the process of validation, and the modified algorithm demonstrates probability of detection of 0.594, false-alarm ratio of 0.136, and resulting critical success index (CSI) equal to 0.543. The HSDA outperformed the current operational single-polarization hail detection algorithm, which only provides a single hail size estimate per storm and is characterized by CSI equal to 0.324. It is shown that HSDA is particularly sensitive to the quality of Z(DR) measurements, which might be affected by possible radar miscalibration and anomalously high differential attenuation.
C1 Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
NOAA, OAR Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
RP Ortega, KL (reprint author), 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM kiel.ortega@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma, U.S. Department of Commerce [NA11OAR4320072]
FX The authors thank Terry Schuur, Jeff Snyder, and three anonymous
reviewers for their feedback, which helped clarify the text and figures.
Thanks also are given to the many students who worked for SHAVE and
collected this valuable dataset
(http://www.nssl.noaa.gov/projects/shave/team.php). Funding was provided
by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University
of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S. Department of
Commerce.
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 7
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 4
BP 829
EP 848
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0203.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DH5OM
UT WOS:000372839700001
ER
PT J
AU Hoerling, M
Eischeid, J
Perlwitz, J
Quan, XW
Wolter, K
Cheng, LY
AF Hoerling, Martin
Eischeid, Jon
Perlwitz, Judith
Quan, Xiao-Wei
Wolter, Klaus
Cheng, Linyin
TI Characterizing Recent Trends in U.S. Heavy Precipitation
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Trends; Climate variability; Physical
Meteorology and Climatology; Geographic location/entity; Variability;
North America; Climate change
ID UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE MODEL; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; DAILY VARIABILITY;
EL-NINO; TRANSIENTS; FREQUENCY; EXTREMES; DATASET; EVENTS
AB Time series of U.S. daily heavy precipitation (95th percentile) are analyzed to determine factors responsible for regionality and seasonality in their 1979-2013 trends. For annual conditions, contiguous U.S. trends have been characterized by increases in precipitation associated with heavy daily events across the northern United States and decreases across the southern United States. Diagnosis of climate simulations (CCSM4 and CAM4) reveals that the evolution of observed sea surface temperatures (SSTs) was a more important factor influencing these trends than boundary condition changes linked to external radiative forcing alone. Since 1979, the latter induces widespread, but mostly weak, increases in precipitation associated with heavy daily events. The former induces a meridional pattern of northern U.S. increases and southern U.S. decreases as observed, the magnitude of which closely aligns with observed changes, especially over the south and far west. Analysis of model ensemble spread reveals that appreciable 35-yr trends in heavy daily precipitation can occur in the absence of forcing, thereby limiting detection of the weak anthropogenic influence at regional scales.
Analysis of the seasonality in heavy daily precipitation trends supports physical arguments that their changes during 1979-2013 have been intimately linked to internal decadal ocean variability and less so to human-induced climate change. Most of the southern U.S. decrease has occurred during the cold season that has been dynamically driven by an atmospheric circulation reminiscent of teleconnections linked to cold tropical eastern Pacific SSTs. Most of the northeastern U.S. increase has been a warm season phenomenon, the immediate cause for which remains unresolved.
C1 [Hoerling, Martin; Eischeid, Jon; Perlwitz, Judith; Quan, Xiao-Wei; Wolter, Klaus; Cheng, Linyin] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Eischeid, Jon; Perlwitz, Judith; Quan, Xiao-Wei; Wolter, Klaus; Cheng, Linyin] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Hoerling, M (reprint author), NOAA, ESRL Phys Sci Div, R E PSD 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM Martin.hoerling@noaa.gov
RI Perlwitz, Judith/B-7201-2008
OI Perlwitz, Judith/0000-0003-4061-2442
FU NOAA Climate Program Office MAPP program; NASA MAP program
FX The authors thank the editor and three anonymous reviewers for their
helpful and constructive comments on the manuscript. We also acknowledge
the support provided by the NOAA Climate Program Office MAPP program and
by the NASA MAP program.
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 16
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 7
BP 2313
EP 2332
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0441.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DH5GG
UT WOS:000372813600001
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, T
Hoerling, MP
Perlwitz, J
Xu, TY
AF Zhang, Tao
Hoerling, Martin P.
Perlwitz, Judith
Xu, Taiyi
TI Forced Atmospheric Teleconnections during 1979-2014
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate variability; Variability; Atmosphere-ocean interaction;
Atmospheric circulation; Circulation/ Dynamics; ENSO
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SEASONAL FOOTPRINTING MECHANISM;
GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; EL-NINO; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; CLIMATE
RESPONSE; ENSO ASYMMETRY; LA-NINA; ANOMALIES; VARIABILITY
AB Forced atmospheric teleconnections during 1979-2014 are examined using a 50-member ensemble of atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations subjected to observed variations in sea surface temperatures (SSTs), sea ice, and carbon dioxide. Three primary modes of forced variability are identified using empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the ensemble mean wintertime extratropical Northern Hemisphere 500-hPa heights. The principal component time series of the first and second modes are highly correlated with Nino-3.4 and trans-Nino (TNI) SST indices, respectively, indicating mostly tropical sources. Their impacts are largely confined to the Pacific-North American (PNA) sector. The leading mode describes the canonical atmospheric teleconnection associated with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) resembling the tropical/Northern Hemisphere pattern. The second mode describes a wave train resembling the classic PNA pattern resulting from atmospheric sensitivity to ENSO asymmetry and from sensitivity to a tropical precursor SST for ENSO development. The third mode is characterized by a hemisphere-scale increasing trend in heights. Based on a comparison with 50-member coupled ocean-atmosphere model simulations, it is argued that this mode is strongly related to radiatively forced climate change, while the other two forced teleconnections are principally related to internal coupled variability. A trend in the leading forced mode is related to ENSO-like decadal variability and dominates the overall observed 500-hPa height trend since 1979. These model results indicate that the trend in the first mode is due to internal variability rather than external radiative forcing.
C1 [Zhang, Tao; Perlwitz, Judith; Xu, Taiyi] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Zhang, Tao; Hoerling, Martin P.; Perlwitz, Judith; Xu, Taiyi] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Zhang, T (reprint author), NOAA, ESRL, PSD, 325 Broadway,R PSD1, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM tao.zhang@noaa.gov
RI Perlwitz, Judith/B-7201-2008
OI Perlwitz, Judith/0000-0003-4061-2442
FU NOAA's Climate Program Office
FX This work was supported by grants from NOAA's Climate Program Office. We
acknowledge NCAR's CESM1(CAM5) Large Ensemble Community Project for
carrying out the large CESM1 ensemble. We wish to thank Xiaowei Quan for
carrying out the large CCSM4 ensemble and Jon Eischeid for his technical
support. We also thank three anonymous reviewers for their constructive
comments that helped to improve the paper.
NR 60
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 15
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 7
BP 2333
EP 2357
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0226.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DH5GG
UT WOS:000372813600002
ER
PT J
AU Krishnamurthy, L
Vecchi, GA
Msadek, R
Murakami, H
Wittenberg, A
Zeng, FR
AF Krishnamurthy, Lakshmi
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
Msadek, Rym
Murakami, Hiroyuki
Wittenberg, Andrew
Zeng, Fanrong
TI Impact of Strong ENSO on Regional Tropical Cyclone Activity in a
High-Resolution Climate Model in the North Pacific and North Atlantic
Oceans
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate models; ENSO; Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena; Models and
modeling; Tropical cyclones; Circulation/ Dynamics
ID SOUTH CHINA SEA; 1997-98 EL-NINO; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; STORM
FORMATION; LA-NINA; EVENTS; FREQUENCY; PRECIPITATION; MECHANISMS;
SIMULATION
AB Tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans is known to be affected by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This study uses the GFDL Forecast Oriented Low Ocean Resolution Model (FLOR), which has relatively high resolution in the atmosphere, as a tool to investigate the sensitivity of TC activity to the strength of ENSO events. This study shows that TCs exhibit a nonlinear response to the strength of ENSO in the tropical eastern North Pacific (ENP) but a quasi-linear response in the tropical western North Pacific (WNP) and tropical North Atlantic. Specifically, a stronger El Nino results in disproportionate inhibition of TCs in the ENP and North Atlantic, and leads to an eastward shift in the location of TCs in the southeast of the WNP. However, the character of the response of TCs in the Pacific is insensitive to the amplitude of La Nina events. The eastward shift of TCs in the southeast of the WNP in response to a strong El Nino is due to an eastward shift of the convection and of the associated environmental conditions favorable for TCs. The inhibition of TC activity in the ENP and Atlantic during El Nino is attributed to the increase in the number of days with strong vertical wind shear during stronger El Nino events. These results are further substantiated with coupled model experiments. Understanding of the impact of strong ENSO on TC activity is important for present and future climate as the frequency of occurrence of extreme ENSO events is projected to increase in the future.
C1 [Krishnamurthy, Lakshmi; Vecchi, Gabriel A.; Msadek, Rym; Murakami, Hiroyuki; Wittenberg, Andrew; Zeng, Fanrong] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton Univ Forrestal Campus,201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Krishnamurthy, Lakshmi; Msadek, Rym] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA.
[Vecchi, Gabriel A.; Murakami, Hiroyuki] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Krishnamurthy, L (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton Univ Forrestal Campus,201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM Lakshmi.Krishnamurthy@noaa.gov
RI Wittenberg, Andrew/G-9619-2013; Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008
OI Wittenberg, Andrew/0000-0003-1680-8963; Vecchi,
Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X
FU MAPP Intra Americas Seas proposal - NOAA/Climate Program Office
FX We thank Tom Delworth for his contribution to the FLOR flux adjusted run
and helpful comments, Wei Zhang and Baoqiang Xiang for their
suggestions, Seth Underwood for technical help with the model runs, and
Catherine Raphael for help with schematic diagram. We also thank the
anonymous reviewers for their constructive suggestions. This work is
supported by MAPP Intra Americas Seas proposal funded by the
NOAA/Climate Program Office.
NR 51
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 7
U2 19
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 7
BP 2375
EP 2394
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0468.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DH5GJ
UT WOS:000372813900001
ER
PT J
AU Mo, KC
Lettenmaier, DP
AF Mo, Kingtse C.
Lettenmaier, Dennis P.
TI Precipitation Deficit Flash Droughts over the United States
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Drought; Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena; Agriculture; Extreme events;
Applications
ID CONVECTIVE INSTABILITY PATHWAY; HYDROLOGICALLY BASED DATASET;
EVAPORATIVE STRESS INDEX; WARM-SEASON DROUGHT; LAND-SURFACE FLUXES;
20TH-CENTURY DROUGHT; REANALYSIS PROJECT; SOIL-MOISTURE; INHIBITION;
MODULATION
AB Flash drought refers to relatively short periods of warm surface temperature and anomalously low and rapid decreasing soil moisture (SM). Based on the physical mechanisms associated with flash droughts, these events are classified into two categories: heat wave and precipitation P deficit flash droughts. In previous work, the authors have defined heat wave flash droughts as resulting from the confluence of severe warm air temperature T-air, which increases evapotranspiration (ET), and anomalously low and decreasing SM. Here, a second type of flash drought caused by precipitation deficits is explored. The authors term these events P-deficit flash droughts, which they associate with lack of P. Precipitation deficits cause ET to decrease and temperature to increase. The P-deficit flash droughts are analyzed based on observations of P, T-air, and SM and ET reconstructed using land surface models for the period 1916-2013. The authors find that P-deficit flash droughts are more common than heat wave flash droughts. They are about twice as likely to occur as heat wave flash droughts over the conterminous United States. They are most prevalent over the southern United States with maxima over the southern Great Plains and the Southwest, in contrast to heat wave flash droughts that are mostly likely to occur over the Midwest and the Pacific Northwest, where the vegetation cover is dense.
C1 [Mo, Kingtse C.] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Lettenmaier, Dennis P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
RP Mo, KC (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM kingtse.mo@noaa.gov
FU NOAA [GC14-168A, NA14OAR4310293]
FX This project was supported by NOAA Grant GC14-168A to the NOAA/Climate
Prediction Center and by NOAA Grant NA14OAR4310293 to the University of
California, Los Angeles.
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 21
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 4
BP 1169
EP 1184
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-15-0158.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI2GM
UT WOS:000373313700001
ER
PT J
AU Kang, DJ
Curchitser, EN
Rosati, A
AF Kang, Dujuan
Curchitser, Enrique N.
Rosati, Anthony
TI Seasonal Variability of the Gulf Stream Kinetic Energy
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Models and modeling; Currents; Geographic location/entity; Numerical
analysis/modeling; Variability; Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena; North
Atlantic Ocean; Seasonal variability; Eddies; Circulation/ Dynamics
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC; OCEAN CIRCULATION; EDDY ENERGY; TRANSPORT; SURFACE;
EDDIES; MODULATION; ALTIMETRY; GEOSAT; MODEL
AB The seasonal variability of the mean kinetic energy (MKE) and eddy kinetic energy (EKE) of the Gulf Stream (GS) is examined using high-resolution regional ocean model simulations. A set of three numerical experiments with different surface wind and buoyancy forcing is analyzed to investigate the mechanisms governing the seasonal cycle of upper ocean energetics. In the GS along-coast region, MKE has a significant seasonal cycle that peaks in summer, while EKE has two comparable peaks in May and September near the surface; the May peak decays rapidly with depth. In the off-coast region, MKE has a weak seasonal cycle that peaks in summer, while EKE has a dominant peak in May and a secondary peak in September near the surface. The May peak also decays with depth leaving the September peak as the only seasonal signal below 100 m. An analysis of the three numerical experiments suggests that the seasonal variability in the local wind forcing significantly impacts the September peak of the along-coast EKE through a local-flow barotropic instability process. Alternatively, the seasonal buoyancy forcing primarily impacts the flow baroclinic instability and is consequently related to the May peak of the upper ocean EKE in both regions. The analysis results indicate that the seasonal cycle of the along-coast MKE is influenced by both local energy generation by wind and the advection of energy from upstream regions. Finally, the MKE cycle and the September peak of EKE in the off-coast region are mainly affected by advection of energy from remote regions, giving rise to correlations with the seasonal cycle of remote winds.
C1 [Kang, Dujuan; Curchitser, Enrique N.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Rosati, Anthony] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Kang, DJ (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM dujuan@esm.rutgers.edu
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-1049088, OCE-1419584, OCE-0961545];
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NOAA-NA-13OAR4830233,
NOAA-NA-15OAR4310133]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Science
Foundation through Awards OCE-1049088, OCE-1419584, and OCE-0961545; and
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration through Awards
NOAA-NA-13OAR4830233 and NOAA-NA-15OAR4310133. Some of the computations
were carried out at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in
Boulder, Colorado. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their
valuable comments and suggestions.
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
EI 1520-0485
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 46
IS 4
BP 1189
EP 1207
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-15-0235.1
PG 19
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DH5FZ
UT WOS:000372812800001
ER
PT J
AU Knaff, JA
Slocum, CJ
Musgrave, KD
Sampson, CR
Strahl, BR
AF Knaff, John A.
Slocum, Christopher J.
Musgrave, Kate D.
Sampson, Charles R.
Strahl, Brian R.
TI Using Routinely Available Information to Estimate Tropical Cyclone Wind
Structure
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite observations; Hurricanes/typhoons; Observational techniques
and algorithms; Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena; Hurricanes; Algorithms;
Models and modeling; Diagnostics; Circulation/ Dynamics
ID SIZE ESTIMATION ALGORITHMS; WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; INERTIAL STABILITY;
INTENSITY; SYSTEM; SHEAR; FLOW; RECONNAISSANCE; IMPROVEMENTS;
CLIMATOLOGY
AB A relatively simple method to estimate tropical cyclone (TC) wind radii from routinely available information including storm data (location, motion, and intensity) and TC size is introduced. The method is based on a combination of techniques presented in previous works and makes an assumption that TCs are largely symmetric and that asymmetries are based solely on storm motion and location. The method was applied to TC size estimates from two sources: infrared satellite imagery and global model analyses. The validation shows that the methodology is comparable with other objective methods based on the error statistics. The technique has a variety of practical research and operational applications, some of which are also discussed.
C1 [Knaff, John A.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Slocum, Christopher J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Musgrave, Kate D.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Sampson, Charles R.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Strahl, Brian R.] Joint Typhoon Warning Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP Knaff, JA (reprint author), NOAA, RAMMB, CIRA CSU, Campus Delivery 1375, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM john.knaff@noaa.gov
RI Knaff, John /F-5599-2010
OI Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409
FU NOAA programs, GOES-R Risk Reduction Program; Hurricane Forecast
Improvement Program under NOAA Grant [NA17RJ1228]; NRL Base Program [PE
0601153N]
FX This research was supported by NOAA programs including the GOES-R Risk
Reduction Program, and the Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program under
NOAA Grant NA17RJ1228, and by the Chief of Naval Research through the
NRL Base Program, PE 0601153N. In addition, this work made use of
techniques developed for the Joint Hurricane Testbed and the display
capabilities of ATCF. The methods developed here were also inspired by
recent recommendations made at the WMO's Eighth International Workshop
on Tropical Cyclones geared toward two goals including: 1) the
specification of the entire TC vortex in advisories and forecasts, and
2) the development of homogeneous long-term records of tropical
cyclones. We also recognize our work is only possible because of
best-tracked wind radii and would like to encourage this practice and
the standardization of wind radii types and formats worldwide. Finally,
we thank Megan Troutman for her assistance on earlier versions of the
manuscript. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this report
are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or U.S. government
position, policy, or decision.
NR 60
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 4
BP 1233
EP 1247
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0267.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI2FV
UT WOS:000373312000001
ER
PT J
AU Klotzbach, PJ
Oliver, ECJ
Leeper, RD
Schreck, CJ
AF Klotzbach, Philip J.
Oliver, Eric C. J.
Leeper, Ronald D.
Schreck, Carl J., III
TI The Relationship between the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and
Southeastern New England Snowfall
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Snowfall; Snow; Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena; Madden-Julian
oscillation; Extratropical cyclones
ID VARIABILITY; REANALYSIS; PRECIPITATION; CIRCULATION; RAINFALL
AB The winter of 2014/15 brought record snow totals to portions of southeastern New England. Additionally, over 90% of Boston Logan Airport snowfall during the winter fell during phases 7 and 8 of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) index. This motivated the authors to investigate potential connections between intense southeastern New England snowstorms and the MJO in the historical record. It was found that southeastern New England snowfall, measured since the 1930s at several stations in the region, recorded higher than average winter snowfalls when enhanced MJO convection was located over the western Pacific and the Western Hemisphere (phases 7-8). Similarly, snowfall was suppressed when enhanced MJO convection was located over the Maritime Continent (phases 4-5). The MJO also modulates the frequency of nor'easters, which contribute the majority of New England's snowfall, as measured by reanalysis-derived cyclone tracks. These tracks were more numerous during the same MJO phases that lead to enhanced snowfall, and they were less common during phases with less snowfall.
C1 [Klotzbach, Philip J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, West LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Oliver, Eric C. J.] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Australian Res Council Ctr Climate Syst Sci, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Leeper, Ronald D.; Schreck, Carl J., III] N Carolina State Univ, NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA.
RP Klotzbach, PJ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, West LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM philk@atmos.colostate.edu
RI Oliver, Eric/G-5118-2014; Schreck, Carl/B-8711-2011
OI Oliver, Eric/0000-0002-4006-2826; Schreck, Carl/0000-0001-9331-5754
FU NOAA's Climate Program Office [NA09OAR4310104]; G. Unger Vetlesen
Foundation; NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and
Satellites, North Carolina [NA14NES432003]
FX We would like to acknowledge the efforts of Scott Applequist, David
Easterling, and Ken Kunkel in the development of the extratropical
cyclone (ETC) dataset used in this study, which was funded by the NOAA's
Climate Program Office by Grant NA09OAR4310104. Klotzbach would like to
thank the G. Unger Vetlesen Foundation for financial support that helped
fund this research. Schreck and Leeper were supported by NOAA through
the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites, North Carolina,
under Cooperative Agreement NA14NES432003. This paper makes a
contribution to the objectives of the Australian Research Council Centre
of Excellence for Climate System Science (ARCCCS).
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 4
BP 1355
EP 1362
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0434.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI2FY
UT WOS:000373312300002
ER
PT J
AU Bluestein, HB
French, MM
Snyder, JC
Houser, JB
AF Bluestein, Howard B.
French, Michael M.
Snyder, Jeffrey C.
Houser, Jana B.
TI Doppler Radar Observations of Anticyclonic Tornadoes in Cyclonically
Rotating, Right-Moving Supercells
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Storm environments; Severe storms; Mesocyclones; Atm/Ocean Structure/
Phenomena; Supercells; Tornadoes
ID SEVERE CONVECTIVE STORMS; RAPID UPDATE CYCLE; X-BAND; DUAL-DOPPLER;
SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; EL RENO; PHOTOGRAMMETRIC
ANALYSIS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; POLARIMETRIC RADAR
AB Supercells dominated by mesocyclones, which tend to propagate to the right of the tropospheric pressure-weighted mean wind, on rare occasions produce anticyclonic tornadoes at the trailing end of the rear-flank gust front. More frequently, mesoanticyclones are found at this location, most of which do not spawn any tornadoes. In this paper, four cases are discussed in which the formation of anticyclonic tornadoes was documented in the plains by mobile or fixed-site Doppler radars. These brief case studies include the analysis of Doppler radar data for tornadoes at the following dates and locations: 1) 24 April 2006, near El Reno, Oklahoma; 2) 23 May 2008, near Ellis, Kansas; 3) 18 March 2012, near Willow, Oklahoma; and 4) 31 May 2013, near El Reno, Oklahoma. Three of these tornadoes were also documented photographically. In all of these cases, a strong mesocyclone (i.e., vortex signature characterized by azimuthal shear in excess of ~5 x 10(-3) s(-1) or a 20 m s(-1) change in Doppler velocity over 5 km) or tornado was observed ~10 km away from the anticyclonic tornado. In three of these cases, the evolution of the tornadic vortex signature in time and height is described. Other features common to all cases are noted and possible mechanisms for anticyclonic tornadogenesis are identified. In addition, a set of estimated environmental parameters for these and other similar cases are discussed.
C1 [Bluestein, Howard B.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Suite 5900, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[French, Michael M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Snyder, Jeffrey C.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Snyder, Jeffrey C.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, OAR, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Houser, Jana B.] Ohio Univ, Dept Geog, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
RP Bluestein, HB (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Suite 5900, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM hblue@ou.edu
FU NSF [AGS-0934307, AGS-1262048]; NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric
Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma [NA11OAR4320072]; U.S.
Department of Commerce; MRI
FX This study was supported by NSF Grants AGS-0934307 and AGS-1262048;
additional funding was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative
Agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S. Department of Commerce. Robert Bluth and
Paul Buczynski from the Naval Postgraduate School and Chad Baldi from
ProSensing, Inc. provided the MWR-05XP and support for its operation and
data processing. John Meier at the Advanced Radar Research Center at the
University of Oklahoma (OU) maintained RaXPol for use during our field
experiment and OU provided matching funds for the MRI grant that funded
the construction of the radar. Helicopter videos of the anticyclonic
tornado on 24 April 2006 were taken by Mason Dunn and made available by
Gary England at KWTV Channel 9 in Oklahoma City. NCEP reanalysis data
were provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, from their
website at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/, and hodographs presented
herein were created using code modified from a script available from
http://gradsaddict.blogspot.com/. The authors thank Corey Potvin for an
early review of the manuscript and three anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments.
NR 84
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 4
BP 1591
EP 1616
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0304.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI2GJ
UT WOS:000373313400001
ER
PT J
AU Mahoney, K
Jackson, DL
Neiman, P
Hughes, M
Darby, L
Wick, G
White, A
Sukovich, E
Cifelli, R
AF Mahoney, Kelly
Jackson, Darren L.
Neiman, Paul
Hughes, Mimi
Darby, Lisa
Wick, Gary
White, Allen
Sukovich, Ellen
Cifelli, Rob
TI Understanding the Role of Atmospheric Rivers in Heavy Precipitation in
the Southeast United States
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Precipitation; Forecasting; Rainfall; Operational forecasting; Atm/Ocean
Structure/ Phenomena; Flood events; Extratropical cyclones
ID MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS; TROPICAL MOISTURE EXPORTS; PREDECESSOR
RAIN EVENTS; WATER-VAPOR SIGNATURE; WARM CONVEYOR BELTS; SYNOPTIC-SCALE;
INLAND PENETRATION; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; WEST-COAST; CYCLONES
AB An analysis of atmospheric rivers (ARs) as defined by an automated AR detection tool based on integrated water vapor transport (IVT) and the connection to heavy precipitation in the southeast United States (SEUS) is performed. Climatological water vapor and water vapor transport fields are compared between the U.S. West Coast (WCUS) and the SEUS, highlighting stronger seasonal variation in integrated water vapor in the SEUS and stronger seasonal variation in IVT in the WCUS. The climatological analysis suggests that IVT values above ~500 kg m(-1) s(-1) (as incorporated into an objective identification tool such as the AR detection tool used here) may serve as a sensible threshold for defining ARs in the SEUS.
Atmospheric river impacts on heavy precipitation in the SEUS are shown to vary on an annual cycle, and a connection between ARs and heavy precipitation during the nonsummer months is demonstrated. When identified ARs are matched to heavy precipitation days (>100 mm day(-1)), an average match rate of ~41% is found.
Results suggest that some aspects of an AR identification framework in the SEUS may offer benefit in forecasting heavy precipitation, particularly at medium- to longer-range forecast lead times. However, the relatively high frequency of SEUS heavy precipitation cases in which an AR is not identified necessitates additional careful consideration and incorporation of other critical aspects of heavy precipitation environments such that significant predictive skill might eventually result.
C1 [Mahoney, Kelly; Neiman, Paul; Darby, Lisa; Wick, Gary; White, Allen; Cifelli, Rob] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Mail Code R-PSD2,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Jackson, Darren L.; Hughes, Mimi; Sukovich, Ellen] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jackson, Darren L.; Hughes, Mimi; Sukovich, Ellen] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Mahoney, K (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Mail Code R-PSD2,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM kelly.mahoney@noaa.gov
RI Darby, Lisa/A-8037-2009; Hughes, Mimi/C-3710-2009
OI Darby, Lisa/0000-0003-1271-0643; Hughes, Mimi/0000-0002-4554-9289
FU Hurricane Sandy Supplemental Funding Award [NA14OAR4830066]; U.S.
Weather Research Program-Hydrometeorology Testbed; NOAA/ESRL/Physical
Sciences Division (PSD)
FX We gratefully acknowledge support from Hurricane Sandy Supplemental
Funding Award NA14OAR4830066, the U.S. Weather Research
Program-Hydrometeorology Testbed, and NOAA/ESRL/Physical Sciences
Division (PSD). We also value the helpful input from three anonymous
reviewers, as well as the collaboration of Benjamin Moore (SUNY-Albany),
Tom Hamill (NOAA/ESRL/PSD), Michael Brennan (NOAA/National Hurricane
Center), and Sarah Perfator, Ben Albrecht, and David Novak
(NOAA/NCEP/Weather Prediction Center).
NR 53
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 144
IS 4
BP 1617
EP 1632
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-15-0279.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI2GJ
UT WOS:000373313400002
ER
PT J
AU Gleckler, PJ
Durack, PJ
Stouffer, RJ
Johnson, GC
Forest, CE
AF Gleckler, Peter J.
Durack, Paul J.
Stouffer, Ronald J.
Johnson, Gregory C.
Forest, Chris E.
TI Industrial-era global ocean heat uptake doubles in recent decades
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; TEMPERATURE; ABYSSAL
AB Formal detection and attribution studies have used observations and climate models to identify an anthropogenic warming signature in the upper (0-700 m) ocean(1-4). Recently, as a result of the so-called surface warming hiatus, there has been considerable interest in global ocean heat content (OHC) changes in the deeper ocean, including natural and anthropogenically forced changes identified in observational(5-7), modelling(8,9) and data re-analysis(10,11) studies. Here, we examine OHC changes in the context of the Earth's global energy budget since early in the industrial era (circa 1865-2015) for a range of depths. We rely on OHC change estimates from a diverse collection of measurement systems including data from the nineteenth-century Challenger expedition(12), a multi-decadal record of ship-based in situ mostly upper-ocean measurements, the more recent near-global Argo floats profiling to intermediate (2,000 m) depths(13), and full-depth repeated transoceanic sections(5). We show that the multi-model mean constructed from the current generation of historically forced climate models is consistent with the OHC changes from this diverse collection of observational systems. Our model-based analysis suggests that nearly half of the industrial-era increases in global OHC have occurred in recent decades, with over a third of the accumulated heat occurring below 700m and steadily rising.
C1 [Gleckler, Peter J.; Durack, Paul J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Stouffer, Ronald J.] Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Forrestal Campus,201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Johnson, Gregory C.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Forest, Chris E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, State Coll, PA 16802 USA.
[Forest, Chris E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, State Coll, PA 16802 USA.
[Forest, Chris E.] Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, State Coll, PA 16802 USA.
RP Gleckler, PJ (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
EM gleckler1@llnl.gov
RI Johnson, Gregory/I-6559-2012; Forest, Chris/M-1993-2014; Durack,
Paul/A-8758-2010
OI Johnson, Gregory/0000-0002-8023-4020; Forest, Chris/0000-0002-2643-0186;
Durack, Paul/0000-0003-2835-1438
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research [DE-SC0004956, DEFG02-94ER61937]; National
Science Foundation through the Network for Sustainable Climate Risk
Management (SCRiM) under NSF [GEO-1240507]; NOAA; NOAA Ocean Climate
Observations Program; [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX The work of P.J.G. and P.J.D., from Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory, is a contribution to the US Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Climate and Environmental Sciences Division, Regional and
Global Climate Modeling Program under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. C.E.F.
was partially supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, grants
DE-SC0004956 (as a member of the International Detection and Attribution
Working Group (IDAG)) and DEFG02-94ER61937 and by the National Science
Foundation through the Network for Sustainable Climate Risk Management
(SCRiM) under NSF cooperative agreement GEO-1240507. G.C.J. is supported
by NOAA Research and the NOAA Ocean Climate Observations Program. We
thank K. Taylor, B. Santer and J. Gregory for their helpful suggestions
concerning our analysis. We acknowledge the sources of observed data
used in this study: C. M. Domingues, M. Ishii and M. Kimoto, S. Levitus
and T. Boyer, S. Purkey and G. Johnson, D. Roemmich and J. Gilson, S.
Hosoda, T. Ohira and T. Nakamura and the International Pacific Research
Center. We thank the climate modelling groups (listed in Supplementary
Table 1) for producing and making available their model output.
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 12
U2 38
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 4
BP 394
EP +
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2915
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DH8QI
UT WOS:000373060000017
ER
PT J
AU Smith, NG
Malyshev, SL
Shevliakova, E
Kattge, J
Dukes, JS
AF Smith, Nicholas G.
Malyshev, Sergey L.
Shevliakova, Elena
Kattge, Jens
Dukes, Jeffrey S.
TI Foliar temperature acclimation reduces simulated carbon sensitivity to
climate
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; THERMAL-ACCLIMATION; BIOCHEMICAL-MODEL;
VEGETATION MODELS; PLANT RESPIRATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ASSIMILATION;
FLUXES; CO2
AB Plant photosynthesis and respiration are the largest carbon fluxes between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere(1), and their parameterizations represent large sources of uncertainty in projections of land carbon uptake in Earth system models(2,3) (ESMs). The incorporation of temperature acclimation of photosynthesis and foliar respiration, commonly observed processes, into ESMs has been proposed as a way to reduce this uncertainty(2). Here we show that, across 15 flux tower sites spanning multiple biomes at various locations worldwide (10 degrees S-67 degrees N), acclimation parameterizations(4,5) improve a model's ability to reproduce observed net ecosystem exchange of CO2. This improvement is most notable in tropical biomes, where photosynthetic acclimation increased model performance by 36%. The consequences of acclimation for simulated terrestrial carbon uptake depend on the process, region and time period evaluated. Globally, including acclimation has a net effect of increasing carbon assimilation and storage, an effect that diminishes with time, but persists well into the future. Our results suggest that land models omitting foliar temperature acclimation are likely to overestimate the temperature sensitivity of terrestrial carbon exchange, thus biasing projections of future carbon storage and estimates of policy indicators such as the transient climate response to cumulative carbon emissions(1).
C1 [Smith, Nicholas G.; Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Malyshev, Sergey L.; Shevliakova, Elena] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Malyshev, Sergey L.; Shevliakova, Elena] Cooperat Inst Climate Studies, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Kattge, Jens] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
[Kattge, Jens] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res Halle Jena Leip, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
[Dukes, Jeffrey S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Smith, NG (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM ngsmith@purdue.edu
RI Dukes, Jeffrey/C-9765-2009; Kattge, Jens/J-8283-2016; Smith,
Nicholas/B-7126-2015
OI Dukes, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9482-7743; Kattge, Jens/0000-0002-1022-8469;
Smith, Nicholas/0000-0001-7048-4387
FU INTERFACE RCN (NSF) [DEB-0955771]; Purdue Climate Change Research
Center; NASA Earth and Space Science fellowship [NNX13AN65H]; National
Oceanic and Atmospheric (US Department of Commerce) [NAOSOAR4320752]; US
Department of Energy, Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial
Carbon Program [DE-FG02-04ER63917, DE-FG02-04ER63911]; CFCAS; NSERC;
BIOCAP; Environment Canada; NRCan; LBA; CarboEuropeIP; FAO-GTOS-TCO;
iLEAPS; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry; National Science
Foundation; University of Tuscia; Universite Laval; US Department of
Energy
FX This project was supported by student exchange funding for N.G.S.
provided by the INTERFACE RCN (NSF DEB-0955771), a Purdue Climate Change
Research Center graduate fellowship to N.G.S., and a NASA Earth and
Space Science fellowship to N.G.S. (NNX13AN65H). S.L.M. acknowledges
support from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric (US Department of
Commerce) Grant NAOSOAR4320752. This work used eddy-covariance data
acquired by the FLUXNET community and in particular by the following
networks: AmeriFlux (US Department of Energy, Biological and
Environmental Research, Terrestrial Carbon Program (DE-FG02-04ER63917
and DE-FG02-04ER63911)), CarboEuropeIP, Fluxnet-Canada (supported by
CFCAS, NSERC, BIOCAP, Environment Canada, and NRCan), and LBA. We
acknowledge the financial support to the eddy-covariance data
harmonization provided by CarboEuropeIP, FAO-GTOS-TCO, iLEAPS, Max
Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, National Science Foundation,
University of Tuscia, Universite Laval, Environment Canada and US
Department of Energy and the database development and technical support
from Berkeley Water Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
Microsoft Research eScience, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University
of California-Berkeley and the University of Virginia. This is
publication 1605 of the Purdue Climate Change Research Center.
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 8
U2 23
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 4
BP 407
EP +
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2878
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DH8QI
UT WOS:000373060000020
ER
PT J
AU Pan, LD
Laurita, NJ
Ross, KA
Gaulin, BD
Armitage, NP
AF Pan, LiDong
Laurita, N. J.
Ross, Kate A.
Gaulin, Bruce D.
Armitage, N. P.
TI A measure of monopole inertia in the quantum spin ice Yb2Ti2O7
SO NATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FRUSTRATED MAGNETS; MODEL
AB An important and continuing theme of modern solid state physics is the realization of exotic excitations in materials, known as quasiparticles, that have no analogy in the actual physical vacuum of free space. Although they are not fundamental, such quasiparticles do constitute the most basic description of the excited states of the 'vacuum' in which they reside. In this regard the magnetic textures of the excited states of spin ices, magnetic pyrochlore oxides with dominant Ising interactions, have been proposed to behave as effective magnetic charge monopoles. Inelastic neutron scattering experiments have established the pyrochlore material Yb2Ti2O7 (YbTO) as a quantum spin ice, where, in addition to the Ising interactions, there are substantial transverse terms that may induce quantum dynamics and-in principle-coherent monopole motion. Here we report a combined time-domain terahertz spectroscopy (TDTS) and microwave cavity study of YbTO to probe its complex dynamic magnetic susceptibility. We find that the form of the susceptibility is consistent with that of a monopole gas, and a magnetic monopole conductivity can be defined and measured. Using the phase sensitive capabilities of these techniques, we observe a sign change in the reactive part of the magnetic response. In generic models of magnetic excitations this is possible only by introducing inertial effects, such as a mass-dependent term, to the equations of motion. Analogous to conventional electric charge systems, measurement of the conductivity's spectral weight allows us to derive a value for the magnetic monopole mass. Our results support the idea of magnetic monopoles of quantum spin ice as the true coherently propagating quasiparticles of this system.
C1 [Pan, LiDong; Laurita, N. J.; Ross, Kate A.; Armitage, N. P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Ross, Kate A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gaulin, Bruce D.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Gaulin, Bruce D.] McMaster Univ, Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Gaulin, Bruce D.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, 180 Dundas St W, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
RP Armitage, NP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM npa@pha.jhu.edu
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF2628]; DOE [DE-FG02-08ER46544];
ARCS Foundation; NSERC
FX This work at JHU was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
through Grant GBMF2628 to N.P.A. The microwave cavity work was supported
by the DOE through DE-FG02-08ER46544. N.J.L. had additional support
through the ARCS Foundation. The crystal growth work at Mcmaster was
supported by NSERC. We would like to thank L. Balents, C. Broholm, N.
Drichko, M. Gingras, Z. Hao, S. M. Koohpayeh, J. Lynn, G. Luke, M.
Mourigal, M. Robbins, L. Savary, R Singh, O. Tchernyshyov, M. Valentine
and Y. Wan for helpful conversations and E. Kermarrec for help with the
crystal preparation.
NR 34
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 16
U2 41
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1745-2473
EI 1745-2481
J9 NAT PHYS
JI Nat. Phys.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 4
BP 361
EP U97
DI 10.1038/NPHYS3608
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DI1AB
UT WOS:000373227300023
ER
PT J
AU Lamouroux, J
Charria, G
De Mey, P
Raynaud, S
Heyraud, C
Craneguy, P
Dumas, F
Le Henaff, M
AF Lamouroux, Julien
Charria, Guillaume
De Mey, Pierre
Raynaud, Stephane
Heyraud, Catherine
Craneguy, Philippe
Dumas, Franck
Le Henaff, Matthieu
TI Objective assessment of the contribution of the RECOPESCA network to the
monitoring of 3D coastal ocean variables in the Bay of Biscay and the
English Channel
SO OCEAN DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Design of in situ observation network; Bay of Biscay; English Channel;
Performance assessment; Model errors
ID DIURNAL INTERNAL TIDES; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; INVERSE METHODS; MODEL
ERRORS; DYNAMICS; UNCERTAINTIES; ASSIMILATION; CIRCULATION; CURRENTS;
SYSTEM
AB In the Bay of Biscay and the English Channel, in situ observations represent a key element to monitor and to understand the wide range of processes in the coastal ocean and their direct impacts on human activities. An efficient way to measure the hydrological content of the water column over the main part of the continental shelf is to consider ships of opportunity as the surface to cover is wide and could be far from the coast. In the French observation strategy, the RECOPESCA programme, as a component of the High frequency Observation network for the environment in coastal SEAs (HOSEA), aims to collect environmental observations from sensors attached to fishing nets. In the present study, we assess that network using the Array Modes (ArM) method (a stochastic implementation of Le H,naff et al. Ocean Dyn 59: 3-20. doi: 10.1007/s10236-008-0144-7, 2009). That model ensemble-based method is used here to compare model and observation errors and to quantitatively evaluate the performance of the observation network at detecting prior (model) uncertainties, based on hypotheses on error sources. A reference network, based on fishing vessel observations in 2008, is assessed using that method. Considering the various seasons, we show the efficiency of the network at detecting the main model uncertainties. Moreover, three scenarios, based on the reference network, a denser network in 2010 and a fictive network aggregated from a pluri-annual collection of profiles, are also analysed. Our sensitivity study shows the importance of the profile positions with respect to the sheer number of profiles for ensuring the ability of the network to describe the main error modes. More generally, we demonstrate the capacity of this method, with a low computational cost, to assess and to design new in situ observation networks.
C1 [Lamouroux, Julien] NOVELTIS, 153 Rue Lac, F-31670 Labege, France.
[Lamouroux, Julien] Mercator Ocean, 8-10 Rue Hermes, F-31520 Romainville St Agne, France.
[Charria, Guillaume] Univ Brest, IFREMER, CNRS, IRD,Lab Oceanog Phys & Spatiale,IUEM, F-29280 Brest, France.
[De Mey, Pierre] CNRS, LEGOS, UMR 5566, 18 Av Edouard Belin, F-31401 Toulouse 9, France.
[Raynaud, Stephane; Heyraud, Catherine; Craneguy, Philippe] ACTIMAR, 36 Quai Douane, F-29200 Brest, France.
[Dumas, Franck] SHOM, HOM, 13 Rue Chatellier, F-29200 Brest, France.
[Le Henaff, Matthieu] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Le Henaff, Matthieu] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Charria, G (reprint author), Univ Brest, IFREMER, CNRS, IRD,Lab Oceanog Phys & Spatiale,IUEM, F-29280 Brest, France.
EM Julien.Lamouroux@mercator-ocean.fr; Guillaume.Charria@ifremer.fr
OI Charria, Guillaume/0000-0001-5204-1654
FU PREVIMER project; FP7 JERICO (WP9) project; FP7 SANGOMA project
[FP7-SPACE-2011-283580]; base funds of NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory
FX This study has been undertaken in the frame and with the financial
support of the PREVIMER project, the FP7 JERICO (WP9) project, and the
FP7 SANGOMA project (FP7-SPACE-2011-283580). M. Le Henaff received
partial support for this work from the base funds of the NOAA Atlantic
Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. It has also been conducted
as a contribution to the GODAE OceanView Coastal Ocean and Shelf Seas
Task Team (COSS-TT). We would like to thank Emilie Leblond and Patrick
Berthou for leading the RECOPESCA programme, Loic Quemener and Michel
Repecaud for operating the network, and the voluntary fishermen who have
accepted to join the RECOPESCA network. We also thank the technical team
of RECOPESCA, especially Matthieu Bourbigot, and the observers of the
Ifremer Fisheries Information System. The data from the EUMETSAT
Satellite Application Facility on Ocean and Sea Ice is accessible
through the SAF's homepage: http://www.osi-saf.org. We are grateful to
the two anonymous referees and the Associate Editor Emil Vassilev Stanev
for their very fruitful and constructive comments on this manuscript.
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1616-7341
EI 1616-7228
J9 OCEAN DYNAM
JI Ocean Dyn.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 66
IS 4
BP 567
EP 588
DI 10.1007/s10236-016-0938-y
PG 22
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DH9NQ
UT WOS:000373123300008
ER
PT J
AU Srivastava, PK
Han, DW
Islam, T
Petropoulos, GP
Gupta, M
Dai, Q
AF Srivastava, Prashant K.
Han, Dawei
Islam, Tanvir
Petropoulos, George P.
Gupta, Manika
Dai, Qiang
TI Seasonal evaluation of evapotranspiration fluxes from MODIS satellite
and mesoscale model downscaled global reanalysis datasets
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SMOS SOIL-MOISTURE; CROP EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; INCREMENTAL APPROACH; WRF
MODEL; VALIDATION; PERFORMANCE; ALGORITHM; PRODUCTS; SURFACES; FUTURE
AB Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is an important variable in hydrological modeling, which is not always available, especially for ungauged catchments. Satellite data, such as those available from the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and global datasets via the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA) interim and National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis are important sources of information for ETo. This study explored the seasonal performances of MODIS (MOD16) and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model downscaled global reanalysis datasets, such as ERA interim and NCEP-derived ETo, against ground-based datasets. Overall, on the basis of the statistical metrics computed, ETo derived from ERA interim and MODIS were more accurate in comparison to the estimates from NCEP for all the seasons. The pooled datasets also revealed a similar performance to the seasonal assessment with higher agreement for the ERA interim (r = 0.96, RMSE = 2.76 mm/8 days; bias = 0.24 mm/8 days), followed by MODIS (r = 0.95, RMSE = 7.66 mm/8 days; bias = -7.17 mm/8 days) and NCEP (r = 0.76, RMSE = 11.81 mm/8 days; bias = -10.20 mm/8 days). The only limitation with downscaling ERA interim reanalysis datasets using WRF is that it is time-consuming in contrast to the readily available MODIS operational product for use in mesoscale studies and practical applications.
C1 [Srivastava, Prashant K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Srivastava, Prashant K.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Srivastava, Prashant K.; Han, Dawei; Islam, Tanvir; Dai, Qiang] Univ Bristol, Dept Civil Engn, Bristol, Avon, England.
[Islam, Tanvir] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Islam, Tanvir] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Petropoulos, George P.] Aberystwyth Univ, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, Dyfed, Wales.
[Gupta, Manika] IIT, Dept Civil Engn, Water Resources, Delhi 110016, India.
RP Srivastava, PK (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Srivastava, PK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Srivastava, PK (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Dept Civil Engn, Bristol, Avon, England.
EM prashant.k.srivastava@nasa.gov
RI Petropoulos, George/F-2384-2013;
OI Petropoulos, George/0000-0003-1442-1423; Islam,
Tanvir/0000-0003-2429-3074
FU Commonwealth Scholarship Commission; British Council, UK; Ministry of
Human Resource Development, Government of India
FX The authors would like to thank the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission,
British Council, UK and the Ministry of Human Resource Development,
Government of India for providing the necessary support and funding for
this research. The authors would like to acknowledge the British
Atmospheric Data Centre, UK for providing the ground datasets. The
author also acknowledges the Advanced Computing Research Centre at
University of Bristol for providing the access to supercomputer facility
(The Blue Crystal) for some of the analysis. Dr. Petropoulos's
contribution was supported by the European Commission Marie Curie
Re-Integration Grant "TRANSFORM-EO" project. Authors would also like to
thank Gareth Ireland for the language proof reading of the manuscript.
The views expressed here are those of the authors solely and do not
constitute a statement of policy, decision, or position on behalf of
NOAA/NASA or the authors' affiliated institutions.
NR 52
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U1 5
U2 12
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-798X
EI 1434-4483
J9 THEOR APPL CLIMATOL
JI Theor. Appl. Climatol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 124
IS 1-2
BP 461
EP 473
DI 10.1007/s00704-015-1430-1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DH9VH
UT WOS:000373143600035
ER
PT J
AU Ortiz-Montalvo, DL
Schwier, AN
Lim, YB
McNeill, VF
Turpin, BJ
AF Ortiz-Montalvo, Diana L.
Schwier, Allison N.
Lim, Yong B.
McNeill, V. Faye
Turpin, Barbara J.
TI Volatility of methylglyoxal cloud SOA formed through OH radical
oxidation and droplet evaporation
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Methylglyoxal; Secondary organic aerosol (SOA); Cloud processing; OH
radical oxidation; Droplet evaporation; Volatility
ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; AQUEOUS PARTICLES; INORGANIC SALTS; GLYOXAL;
CHEMISTRY; VAPORIZATION; PREDICTION; PHASE; ACIDS; PHOTOCHEMISTRY
AB The volatility of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed through cloud processing (aqueous hydroxyl radical (OH) oxidation and droplet evaporation) of methylglyoxal (MGly) was studied. Effective vapor pressure and effective enthalpy of vaporization (Delta H-vap,H-eff) were determined using 1) droplets containing MGly and its oxidation products, 2) a Vibrating Orifice Aerosol Generator (VOAG) system, and 3) Temperature Programmed Desorption Aerosol-Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TPD Aerosol-CIMS). Simulated in-cloud MGly oxidation (for 10-30 min) produces an organic mixture of higher and lower volatility components with an overall effective vapor pressure of (4 +/- 7) x 10(-7) atm at pH 3. The effective vapor pressure decreases by a factor of 2 with addition of ammonium hydroxide (pH 7). The fraction of organic material remaining in the particle-phase after drying was smaller than for similar experiments with glycolaldehyde and glyoxal SOA. The Delta H-vap,H-eff of pyruvic acid and oxalic acid + methylglyoxal in the mixture (from TPD Aerosol-CIMS) were smaller than the theoretical enthalpies of the pure compounds and smaller than that estimated for the entire precursor/product mix after droplet evaporation. After 10 (even neutralized) will volatilize during droplet evaporation; neutralization and at least 80 min of oxidation at 10(-12) M (OH)-O-center dot (or >12 h at 10(-14) M) is needed before low volatility ammonium oxalate exceeds pyruvate. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ortiz-Montalvo, Diana L.; Lim, Yong B.] Rutgers State Univ, Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
[Schwier, Allison N.; McNeill, V. Faye] Columbia Univ, Chem Engn, New York, NY USA.
[Lim, Yong B.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr Environm Hlth & Welf Res, Seoul 02792, South Korea.
[Turpin, Barbara J.] Univ N Carolina, Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Ortiz-Montalvo, Diana L.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Turpin, BJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
EM bjturpin@email.unc.edu
RI Lim, Yong/A-5310-2013;
OI Lim, Yong/0000-0001-5000-5991; Ortiz-Montalvo, Diana/0000-0001-7293-4476
FU Ford Foundation Dissertation Fellowship Award; Air Pollution Educational
and Research Grant, Mid-Atlantic States Section of Air and Waste
Management Association; Department of Education, Graduate Assistance in
Areas of National Need [P200A060156]; National Science Foundation
[ATM-0630298]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association
[NA07OAR4310279]; US Environmental Protection Agency Science To Achieve
Results [RD-83375101-0]; New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station;
USDA-NIFA; NASA Tropospheric Chemistry [NNX09AF26G]
FX This research was supported, in part, by a Ford Foundation Dissertation
Fellowship Award; Air Pollution Educational and Research Grant,
Mid-Atlantic States Section of Air and Waste Management Association;
Department of Education, Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need
(P200A060156); National Science Foundation (ATM-0630298), National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NA07OAR4310279), US Environmental
Protection Agency Science To Achieve Results (RD-83375101-0), New Jersey
Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA-NIFA. VFM and ANS acknowledge
support of NASA Tropospheric Chemistry (NNX09AF26G). This research was
not subjected to government agency review. It does not necessarily
reflect views of any government agency. No official endorsement should
be inferred.
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 18
U2 25
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 130
SI SI
BP 145
EP 152
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.12.013
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DG9CU
UT WOS:000372381200016
ER
PT J
AU DeLorenzo, ME
Brooker, J
Chung, KW
Kelly, M
Martinez, J
Moore, JG
Thomas, M
AF DeLorenzo, M. E.
Brooker, J.
Chung, K. W.
Kelly, M.
Martinez, J.
Moore, J. G.
Thomas, M.
TI Exposure of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, to antimicrobial
compounds affects associated Vibrio bacterial density and development of
antibiotic resistance
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE antibiotics; triclosan; shrimp; Vibrio; toxicity; resistance
ID VETERINARY ANTIBIOTICS; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; HUMAN HEALTH; TRICLOSAN;
WATER; PHARMACEUTICALS; TOXICITY; OXYTETRACYCLINE; VULNIFICUS; MECHANISM
AB Antimicrobial compounds are widespread, emerging contaminants in the aquatic environment and may threaten ecosystem and human health. This study characterized effects of antimicrobial compounds common to human and veterinary medicine, aquaculture, and consumer personal care products [erythromycin (ERY), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), oxytetracycline (OTC), and triclosan (TCS)] in the grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio. The effects of antimicrobial treatments on grass shrimp mortality and lipid peroxidation activity were measured. The effects of antimicrobial treatments on the bacterial community of the shrimp were then assessed by measuring Vibrio density and testing bacterial isolates for antibiotic resistance. TCS (0.33 mg/L) increased shrimp mortality by 37% and increased lipid peroxidation activity by 63%. A mixture of 0.33 mg/L TCS and 60 mg/L SMX caused a 47% increase in shrimp mortality and an 88% increase in lipid peroxidation activity. Exposure to SMX (30 mg/L or 60 mg/L) alone and to a mixture of SMX/ERY/OTC did not significantly affect shrimp survival or lipid peroxidation activity. Shrimp exposure to 0.33 mg/L TCS increased Vibrio density 350% as compared to the control whereas SMX, the SMX/TCS mixture, and the mixture of SMX/ERY/OTC decreased Vibrio density 78-94%. Increased Vibrio antibiotic resistance was observed for all shrimp antimicrobial treatments except for the mixture of SMX/ERY/OTC. Approximately 87% of grass shrimp Vibrio isolates displayed resistance to TCS in the control treatment suggesting a high level of TCS resistance in environmental Vibrio populations. The presence of TCS in coastal waters may preferentially increase the resistance and abundance of pathogenic bacteria. These results indicate the need for further study into the potential interactions between antimicrobials, aquatic organisms, and associated bacterial communities. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 469-477, 2016.
C1 [DeLorenzo, M. E.; Chung, K. W.; Moore, J. G.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Brooker, J.; Kelly, M.; Martinez, J.; Thomas, M.] Coll Charleston, Dept Biol, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP DeLorenzo, ME (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM marie.delorenzo@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [DBI-1062990]; Medical University of South
Carolina MBES Program, NOAA
FX Contract grant sponsor: National Science Foundation.; Contract grant
number: DBI-1062990.; Contract grant sponsor: Medical University of
South Carolina MBES Program, NOAA.
NR 50
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Z9 0
U1 6
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1520-4081
EI 1522-7278
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL
JI Environ. Toxicol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 4
BP 469
EP 477
DI 10.1002/tox.22060
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology; Water Resources
GA DG8FL
UT WOS:000372318300009
PM 25348372
ER
PT J
AU Chuang, MC
Hwang, JN
Williams, K
AF Chuang, Meng-Che
Hwang, Jenq-Neng
Williams, Kresimir
TI A Feature Learning and Object Recognition Framework for Underwater Fish
Images
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Feature learning; fish species identification; object recognition;
underwater imagery; unsupervised learning
ID PARTIAL CLASSIFICATION; MEAN-SHIFT; TRACKING; SYSTEM; SPACE
AB Live fish recognition is one of the most crucial elements of fisheries survey applications where the vast amount of data is rapidly acquired. Different from general scenarios, challenges to underwater image recognition are posted by poor image quality, uncontrolled objects and environment, and difficulty in acquiring representative samples. In addition, most existing feature extraction techniques are hindered from automation due to involving human supervision. Toward this end, we propose an underwater fish recognition framework that consists of a fully unsupervised feature learning technique and an error-resilient classifier. Object parts are initialized based on saliency and relaxation labeling to match object parts correctly. A non-rigid part model is then learned based on fitness, separation, and discrimination criteria. For the classifier, an unsupervised clustering approach generates a binary class hierarchy, where each node is a classifier. To exploit information from ambiguous images, the notion of partial classification is introduced to assign coarse labels by optimizing the benefit of indecision made by the classifier. Experiments show that the proposed framework achieves high accuracy on both public and self-collected underwater fish images with high uncertainty and class imbalance.
C1 [Chuang, Meng-Che; Hwang, Jenq-Neng] Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Williams, Kresimir] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Chuang, MC; Hwang, JN (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Williams, K (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM mengche@uw.edu; hwang@uw.edu; kresimir.williams@noaa.gov
FU National Marine Fisheries Services' Advanced Sampling Technology Working
Group; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA
FX This work was supported in part by the National Marine Fisheries
Services' Advanced Sampling Technology Working Group and in part by the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA. The
associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and
approving it for publication was Prof. Peter Tay.
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 16
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1057-7149
EI 1941-0042
J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS
JI IEEE Trans. Image Process.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1862
EP 1872
DI 10.1109/TIP.2016.2535342
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA DH2WN
UT WOS:000372648000009
PM 26930683
ER
PT J
AU Dirmeyer, PA
Wu, JX
Norton, HE
Dorigo, WA
Quiring, SM
Ford, TW
Santanello, JA
Bosilovich, MG
Ek, MB
Koster, RD
Balsamo, G
Lawrence, DM
AF Dirmeyer, Paul A.
Wu, Jiexia
Norton, Holly E.
Dorigo, Wouter A.
Quiring, Steven M.
Ford, Trenton W.
Santanello, Joseph A., Jr.
Bosilovich, Michael G.
Ek, Michael B.
Koster, Randal D.
Balsamo, Gianpaolo
Lawrence, David M.
TI Confronting Weather and Climate Models with Observational Data from Soil
Moisture Networks over the United States
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Reanalysis data; Land surface model; Geographic location/entity; Soil
moisture; Climate models; Instrumentation/sensors; Physical Meteorology
and Climatology; North America; Models and modeling; Observational
techniques and algorithms
ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; LAND-SURFACE MODELS; REANALYSIS DATA SET;
SPATIAL VARIABILITY; TRIPLE COLLOCATION; COUPLING STRENGTH; OBSERVING
SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE; VALIDATION; MESONET
AB Four land surface models in uncoupled and coupled configurations are compared to observations of daily soil moisture from 19 networks in the conterminous United States to determine the viability of such comparisons and explore the characteristics of model and observational data. First, observations are analyzed for error characteristics and representation of spatial and temporal variability. Some networks have multiple stations within an area comparable to model grid boxes; for those it is found that aggregation of stations before calculation of statistics has little effect on estimates of variance, but soil moisture memory is sensitive to aggregation. Statistics for some networks stand out as unlike those of their neighbors, likely because of differences in instrumentation, calibration, and maintenance. Buried sensors appear to have less random error than near-field remote sensing techniques, and heat-dissipation sensors show less temporal variability than other types. Model soil moistures are evaluated using three metrics: standard deviation in time, temporal correlation (memory), and spatial correlation (length scale). Models do relatively well in capturing large-scale variability of metrics across climate regimes, but they poorly reproduce observed patterns at scales of hundreds of kilometers and smaller. Uncoupled land models do no better than coupled model configurations, nor do reanalyses outperform free-running models. Spatial decorrelation scales are found to be difficult to diagnose. Using data for model validation, calibration, or data assimilation from multiple soil moisture networks with different types of sensors and measurement techniques requires great caution. Data from models and observations should be put on the same spatial and temporal scales before comparison.
C1 [Dirmeyer, Paul A.; Wu, Jiexia; Norton, Holly E.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Dorigo, Wouter A.] Vienna Univ Technol, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
[Dorigo, Wouter A.] Univ Ghent, Lab Forest & Water Management, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Quiring, Steven M.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA.
[Ford, Trenton W.] So Illinois Univ, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Santanello, Joseph A., Jr.; Bosilovich, Michael G.; Koster, Randal D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Ek, Michael B.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, College Pk, MD USA.
[Balsamo, Gianpaolo] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Pk, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
[Lawrence, David M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Dirmeyer, PA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, 4400 Univ Dr,Mail Stop 6C5, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM pdirmeye@gmu.edu
RI Koster, Randal/F-5881-2012; Santanello, Joseph/D-4438-2012; Bosilovich,
Michael/F-8175-2012
OI Koster, Randal/0000-0001-6418-6383; Santanello,
Joseph/0000-0002-0807-6590;
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX13AQ21G]; SMOS Soil
Moisture Network Study Operational Phase (ESA ESTEC) [4000102722/10]
FX This work has been primarily supported by National Aeronautics and Space
Administration Grant NNX13AQ21G. Funding for W.D. has come from SMOS
Soil Moisture Network Study Operational Phase (ESA ESTEC Contract
4000102722/10). Support for the Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project
dataset is provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science
Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment (DOE
INCITE) program, and Office of Biological and Environmental Research
(BER), and by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Climate Program Office. We thank G. Compo for making 20CR data available
to us.
NR 66
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Z9 4
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 4
BP 1049
EP 1067
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-15-0196.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DG9LY
UT WOS:000372405700001
ER
PT J
AU Colle, R
Colle, AM
AF Colle, R.
Colle, A. M.
TI On the Po-209 half-life error and its confirmation: a critique
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Data analysis; Half-life; Measurement uncertainty; Po-209
ID PRIMARY STANDARDIZATION; ISOTOPES
AB A recent report on Po-209 claimed to have made a determination of the 125-a half-life from measurements made over 0.8 % of one half-life. A careful reanalysis of the original data with a more complete and rigorous consideration of the underlying uncertainties demonstrates that this claim cannot withstand critical scrutiny. More importantly, this critique examines the larger issue as to what constitutes a valid half-life determination, and highlights that a careful and realistic analysis beyond the mere fitting of decay data to an exponential function is required for the measurement and reporting of half-life values.
C1 [Colle, R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Colle, A. M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Colle, R (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM rcolle@nist.gov
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
EI 1588-2780
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 308
IS 1
BP 271
EP 278
DI 10.1007/s10967-015-4307-y
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA DG7MQ
UT WOS:000372268800030
ER
PT J
AU Hershberger, PK
Gregg, JL
Hart, LM
Moffitt, S
Brenner, R
Stick, K
Coonradt, E
Otis, EO
Vollenweider, JJ
Garver, KA
Lovy, J
Meyers, TR
AF Hershberger, P. K.
Gregg, J. L.
Hart, L. M.
Moffitt, S.
Brenner, R.
Stick, K.
Coonradt, E.
Otis, E. O.
Vollenweider, J. J.
Garver, K. A.
Lovy, J.
Meyers, T. R.
TI The parasite Ichthyophonus sp in Pacific herring from the coastal NE
Pacific
SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ichthyophonus; Pacific herring
ID SARDINOPS-SAGAX-NEOPILCHARDUS; FLOUNDER LIMANDA-FERRUGINEA;
CLUPEA-PALLASI POPULATION; NOVA-SCOTIA SHELF; PUGET-SOUND; EPIZOOTIC
MORTALITY; MASS MORTALITY; CHINOOK SALMON; HOFERI PLEHN; PILCHARD
AB The protistan parasite Ichthyophonus occurred in populations of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii Valenciennes throughout coastal areas of the NE Pacific, ranging from Puget Sound, WA north to the Gulf of Alaska, AK. Infection prevalence in local Pacific herring stocks varied seasonally and annually, and a general pattern of increasing prevalence with host size and/or age persisted throughout the NE Pacific. An exception to this zoographic pattern occurred among a group of juvenile, age 1+ year Pacific herring from Cordova Harbor, AK in June 2010, which demonstrated an unusually high infection prevalence of 35%. Reasons for this anomaly were hypothesized to involve anthropogenic influences that resulted in locally elevated infection pressures. Interannual declines in infection prevalence from some populations (e.g. Lower Cook Inlet, AK; from 20-32% in 2007 to 0-3% during 2009-13) or from the largest size cohorts of other populations (e.g. Sitka Sound, AK; from 62.5% in 2007 to 19.6% in 2013) were likely a reflection of selective mortality among the infected cohorts. All available information for Ichthyophonus in the NE Pacific, including broad geographic range, low host specificity and presence in archived Pacific herring tissue samples dating to the 1980s, indicate a long-standing host-pathogen relationship.
C1 [Hershberger, P. K.; Gregg, J. L.; Hart, L. M.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, 616 Marrowstone Point Rd, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
[Moffitt, S.; Brenner, R.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game ADF&G Commercial Fisherie, Cordova, AK USA.
[Stick, K.] Reg 4 LaConner Dist Off, Fish Program, Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, La Conner, WA USA.
[Coonradt, E.] ADF&G Commercial Fisheries, Sitka, AK USA.
[Otis, E. O.] ADF&G Commercial Fisheries, Homer, AK USA.
[Vollenweider, J. J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK USA.
[Garver, K. A.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada.
[Lovy, J.] Off Fish & Wildlife Hlth & Forens, New Jersey Div Fish & Wildlife, Oxford, NJ USA.
[Meyers, T. R.] ADF&G Juneau Fish Pathol Lab, Juneau, AK USA.
RP Hershberger, PK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, 616 Marrowstone Point Rd, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
EM phershberger@usgs.gov
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council [10100132-I]; Herring
Conservation and Research Society; U.S. Geological Survey - Fisheries
Program, Ecosystems Mission Area
FX Funding was provided by the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council,
Project # 10100132-I, the Herring Conservation and Research Society, and
the U.S. Geological Survey - Fisheries Program, Ecosystems Mission Area.
Technical support was provided by C. Pacheco, C. Grady, J. Word, R.
Wade, S. Roon, S. Luis, C. Luk, N. Lewandowski, B. Tyler and M. Yanney
(USGS - Marrowstone Marine Field Station). Sample collection from Canada
was facilitated by L. Hammer (Herring Conservation and Research
Society). Insights into the overwintering structure of British Columbia
herring were provided by Dr. Doug Hay (DFO - Canada). Access to archived
Pacific herring at the University of Washington Fish Collection was
provided by Drs. T. Pietch and K. Pearson Maslenikov The use of trade,
firm or corporation names in this publication is for the information and
convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official
endorsement or approval by the U.S. Department of Interior or the U.S.
Geological Survey of any product or service to the exclusion of others
that may be suitable.
NR 43
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Z9 4
U1 5
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0140-7775
EI 1365-2761
J9 J FISH DIS
JI J. Fish Dis.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 4
BP 395
EP 410
DI 10.1111/jfd.12370
PG 16
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA DG8KZ
UT WOS:000372334000001
PM 25828232
ER
PT J
AU Muralikrishnan, B
Phillips, S
Sawyer, D
AF Muralikrishnan, Bala
Phillips, Steve
Sawyer, Daniel
TI Laser trackers for large-scale dimensional metrology: A review
SO PRECISION ENGINEERING-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES FOR
PRECISION ENGINEERING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Laser tracker; Large-scale dimensional metrology; Error modeling;
Performance evaluation; Measurement uncertainty; Standardization
ID TRACKING INTERFEROMETER SYSTEM; CATS-EYE RETROREFLECTOR; UPDATED EDLEN
EQUATION; REFRACTIVE-INDEX; MACHINE-TOOLS; CALIBRATION SYSTEM;
COORDINATE DATA; ANGLE ENCODER; ERROR; UNCERTAINTY
AB Thirty years since their invention, laser trackers are now recognized as the measurement tool of choice in the manufacture and assembly of large components. The general design of laser trackers, i.e., a ranging unit on a two-axis gimbal, has not changed significantly over the years. However, innovations in ranging technology, for example, the emergence of increasingly accurate absolute distance meters (ADMs), are providing users with an alternative to interferometers (IFMs). Hand-held accessories such as touch probes and line scanners are expanding the scope and applicability of laser trackers. In this paper, we survey the literature in all areas of laser trackers as applied to large-scale dimensional metrology (LSDM), with emphasis on error modeling, measurement uncertainty, performance evaluation and standardization. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Muralikrishnan, Bala; Phillips, Steve; Sawyer, Daniel] NIST, Div Engn Phys, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Muralikrishnan, B (reprint author), NIST, Div Engn Phys, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM balam@nist.gov
NR 150
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 15
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0141-6359
EI 1873-2372
J9 PRECIS ENG
JI Precis. Eng.-J. Int. Soc. Precis. Eng. Nanotechnol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 44
BP 13
EP 28
DI 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2015.12.001
PG 16
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing; Nanoscience
& Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments &
Instrumentation
GA DG3AX
UT WOS:000371943000002
ER
PT J
AU Johnsson, E
Yang, JC
AF Johnsson, Erik
Yang, Jiann C.
TI Experimental study on hardening a motorcoach against tire fire
penetration
SO FIRE AND MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE transportation fires; fire growth; flame spread; vehicle fires; bus
fires; tire fires; fire penetration; fire hardening
AB Three full-scale fire experiments were conducted to assess methods of hardening the motorcoach against penetration of a tire fire. The first method was to replace the combustible fender and exterior side panel above the wheels with stainless steel sheet metal. The second method was to coat the plastic fender and side panel with an intumescent layer. The third method was to install a sheet steel fire plume deflector between the fender and side panel. A special burner was used that imitates the frictional heating of hub and wheel metal caused by failed axle bearings, locked brakes, or dragged blown tires. For each experiment, heating to obtain tire ignition was initiated on the exterior of the passenger side tag axle wheel. Measurements of interior and exterior temperatures, interior heat flux, and heat release rate were performed. Standard and infrared videos and still photographs were recorded. The experimental results were compared with those obtained with no fire hardening. The metal replacement method performed best and prevented fire penetration for over 30min longer than the nonhardened cases. The intumescent coating extended fire penetration by about 20min longer than the nonhardened cases. The steel plume deflector had no significant impact on the timing for fire penetration of the windows. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Johnsson, Erik; Yang, Jiann C.] NIST, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Johnsson, E (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM erik.johnsson@nist.gov
OI Johnsson, Erik/0000-0003-1170-7370
FU NHTSA
FX This work was sponsored by the NHTSA. Thanks to Marco Fernandez of NIST
and the National Fire Research Laboratory staff for all the hard work
preparing for and running this challenging experimental project, to Ed
Hnetkovsky of NIST for help with the burner, and to the NIST Fire
Protection Group and the Fire Fighting Technology Group for providing
backup fire suppression. Also, the NIST Plant Division is appreciated
for providing crews to move our motorcoach. NIST thanks Randy Smith and
Alex Cook of Greyhound for their helpful technical advice.
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0308-0501
EI 1099-1018
J9 FIRE MATER
JI Fire Mater.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 40
IS 3
BP 416
EP 426
DI 10.1002/fam.2295
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA DF9KG
UT WOS:000371679300005
ER
PT J
AU Kendall, MS
Poti, M
Karnauskas, KB
AF Kendall, Matthew S.
Poti, Matt
Karnauskas, Kristopher B.
TI Climate change and larval transport in the ocean: fractional effects
from physical and physiological factors
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Caroline Archipelago; connectivity; coral reef; larvae; Marianas;
Micronesia; pelagic larval duration
ID EARLY-LIFE-HISTORY; REEF FISH LARVAE; CORAL-REEFS; TEMPERATURE;
DISPERSAL; CONNECTIVITY; CONSERVATION; MODEL; ACIDIFICATION;
REPRODUCTION
AB Changes in larval import, export, and self-seeding will affect the resilience of coral reef ecosystems. Climate change will alter the ocean currents that transport larvae and also increase sea surface temperatures (SST), hastening development, and shortening larval durations. Here, we use transport simulations to estimate future larval connectivity due to: (1) physical transport of larvae from altered circulation alone, and (2) the combined effects of altered currents plus physiological response to warming. Virtual larvae from islands throughout Micronesia were moved according to present-day and future ocean circulation models. The Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) spanning 2004-2012 represented present-day currents. For future currents, we altered HYCOM using analysis from the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Earth System Model, version 1-Biogeochemistry, Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 experiment. Based on the NCAR model, regional SST is estimated to rise 2.74 degrees C which corresponds to a similar to 17% decline in larval duration for some taxa. This reduction was the basis for a separate set of simulations. Results predict an increase in self-seeding in 100years such that 62-76% of islands experienced increased self-seeding, there was an average domainwide increase of similar to 1-3% points in self-seeding, and increases of up to 25% points for several individual islands. When changed currents alone were considered, approximately half (i.e., random) of all island pairs experienced decreased connectivity but when reduced PLD was added as an effect, similar to 65% of connections were weakened. Orientation of archipelagos relative to currents determined the directional bias in connectivity changes. There was no universal relationship between climate change and connectivity applicable to all taxa and settings. Islands that presently export large numbers of larvae but that also maintain or enhance this role into the future should be the focus of conservation measures that promote long-term resilience of larval supply.
C1 [Kendall, Matthew S.; Poti, Matt] NOAA, NCCOS, CCMA, Biogeog Branch, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Poti, Matt] Consolidated Safety Serv Dynamac Inc, Fairfax, VA USA.
[Karnauskas, Kristopher B.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Kendall, MS (reprint author), NOAA, NCCOS, CCMA, Biogeog Branch, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM matt.kendall@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; WHOI
Oceans and Climate Change Institute; CSS-Dynamac, Fairfax VA under NOAA
[DG133C11CO0019]
FX This study was funded by NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program, Alfred
P. Sloan Foundation, and the WHOI Oceans and Climate Change Institute.
Chris Barker and Caitlin O'Conner provided assistance with running
transport simulations in GNOME. Brian Kinlan and Arliss Winship provided
guidance on Matlab and R code for processing data outputs. Dana Okano
and Adrienne Loerzel facilitated contact with many local experts in the
Mariana region. John Christensen and anonymous reviewers provided
constructive comments to improve the manuscript. Government contract
labor was provided by CSS-Dynamac, Fairfax VA under NOAA contract
DG133C11CO0019.
NR 67
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 53
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 4
BP 1532
EP 1547
DI 10.1111/gcb.13159
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DF7CN
UT WOS:000371515300018
PM 26554877
ER
PT J
AU Seung, CK
AF Seung, Chang K.
TI Identifying channels of economic impacts: An inter-regional structural
path analysis for Alaska fisheries
SO MARINE POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska fisheries; Inter-regional economic impacts; Social accounting
matrix; Structural path analysis
ID SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX; FRAMEWORK; SHOCKS; MODEL
AB Alaska fisheries have strong spillover effects on economies of other states (especially the state of Washington) due to their dependence on imports from these other states. Several studies attempt to develop inter-regional or multi-regional economic impact models to investigate these spillover effects, and calculate the multipliers for Alaska fisheries. However, these multipliers measure only total economic impacts, failing to provide fishery managers with the information on how and along what channels these total economic impacts are generated and transmitted throughout the regions. This paper uses an inter-regional structural path analysis (IRSPA) to identify the various channels (paths) through which the economic impacts of an initial shock to a seafood sector are transmitted, amplified, and spilled over to other regions, within an inter-regional social accounting matrix (IRSAM) framework for two US regions Alaska and the rest of US (RUS). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Seung, Chang K.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Seung, CK (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Chang.Seung@noaa.gov
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-597X
EI 1872-9460
J9 MAR POLICY
JI Mar. Pol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 66
BP 39
EP 49
DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2016.01.015
PG 11
WC Environmental Studies; International Relations
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations
GA DF7QN
UT WOS:000371552800006
ER
PT J
AU Simiu, E
Shi, L
Yeo, D
AF Simiu, Emil
Shi, Liang
Yeo, DongHun
TI Planetary Boundary-Layer Modelling and Tall Building Design
SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Boundary-layer meteorology; Brunt; Vaisala frequency; Conventionally
neutral stratification; Planetary boundary layer; Tall structures
ID INTEGRAL MEASURES
AB Characteristics of flow in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) strongly affect the design of tall structures. PBL modelling in building codes, based as it is on empirical data from the 1960s and 1970s, differs significantly from contemporary PBL models, which account for both "neutral" flows, and "conventionally neutral" flows. PBL heights estimated in these relatively sophisticated models are typically approximately half as large as those obtained using the classical asymptotic similarity approach, and are one order of magnitude larger than those specified in North American and Japanese building codes. A simple method is proposed for estimating the friction velocity and PBL height as functions of specified surface roughness and geostrophic wind speed. Based on published results, it is tentatively determined that, even at elevations as high as 800 m above the surface, the contribution to the resultant mean flow velocity of the component V normal to the surface stress is negligible and the veering angle is of the order of only 5. This note aims to encourage dialogue between boundary-layer meteorologists and structural engineers.
C1 [Simiu, Emil; Shi, Liang; Yeo, DongHun] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Simiu, E (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM emil.simiu@nist.gov
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8314
EI 1573-1472
J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL
JI Bound.-Layer Meteor.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 159
IS 1
BP 173
EP 181
DI 10.1007/s10546-015-0106-9
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DF3KW
UT WOS:000371243800010
ER
PT J
AU Smith, JP
Hunter, TS
Clites, AH
Stow, CA
Slawecki, T
Muhr, GC
Gronewold, AD
AF Smith, Joeseph P.
Hunter, Timothy S.
Clites, Anne H.
Stow, Craig A.
Slawecki, Tad
Muhr, Glenn C.
Gronewold, Andrew D.
TI An expandable web-based platform for visually analyzing basin-scale
hydro-climate time series data
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Data visualization; Great lakes; Data access; Analytics; Software;
Object oriented
ID GREAT-LAKES; WATER; SYSTEM; MANAGEMENT; FUTURE
AB Growing demand from the general public for centralized points of data access and analytics tools coincides with similar, well-documented needs of regional and international hydrology research and resource management communities. To address this need within the Laurentian Great Lakes region, we introduce the Great Lakes Dashboard (GLD), a dynamic web data visualization platform that brings multiple time series data sets together for visual analysis and download. The platform's adaptable, robust, and expandable Time Series Core Object Model (GLD-TSCOM) separates the growing complexity and size of Great Lakes data sets from the web application interface. Although the GLD-TSCOM is currently applied exclusively to Great Lakes data sets, the concepts and methods discussed here can be applied in other geographical and topical areas of interest. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Smith, Joeseph P.] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Hunter, Timothy S.; Clites, Anne H.; Stow, Craig A.; Muhr, Glenn C.; Gronewold, Andrew D.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Slawecki, Tad] LimnoTech, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Gronewold, Andrew D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Smith, JP (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM joeseph@umich.edu
RI karanki, Archana/E-7014-2016;
OI Smith, Joeseph/0000-0002-1896-1390; Clites, Anne/0000-0002-2385-3802
FU CILER by NOAA; Great Lakes Restoration Initiative [DW1392377301-0];
International Joint Commission International Upper Great Lakes Study
[P14100186]; USACE [W56MES32262531]
FX Funding for this research and development was provided through CILER by
NOAA, the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (No. DW1392377301-0,
administered by USEPA), the International Joint Commission International
Upper Great Lakes Study (No. P14100186), and the USACE (No.
W56MES32262531). The authors would like to thank NOAA's Climate.gov
dashboard team for initial advice, including Viviane Silva, David
Herring, and Mark Phillips. For technical and communication support, we
would like to thank NOAA-GLERL's Margaret Lansing and Cathy Darnell. For
general guidance and partnership, we thank the United States Army Corps
of Engineers - Detroit District, specifically Jim Lewis, John Allis, and
Keith Kompoltowicz, along with Heather Stirratt and Brandon Krumwiede at
NOAA's Office for Coastal Management. Special thanks to all who took
time to review this paper, including Brent Lofgren of NOAA-GLERL and
John Bratton of LimnoTech, and all anonymous reviewers.
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-8152
EI 1873-6726
J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW
JI Environ. Modell. Softw.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 78
BP 97
EP 105
DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.12.005
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DF5FS
UT WOS:000371377800008
ER
PT J
AU Srivastava, S
Kishore, S
Narayanan, S
Sandy, AR
Bhatia, SR
AF Srivastava, Sunita
Kishore, Suhasini
Narayanan, Suresh
Sandy, Alec R.
Bhatia, Surita R.
TI Multiple Dynamic Regimes in Colloid-Polymer Dispersions: New Insight
Using X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy
SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE colloids; gels; nanoparticles
ID LAPONITE-PEO MIXTURES; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); LIGHT-SCATTERING;
NANOCOMPOSITE HYDROGELS; AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS; GLASS-TRANSITION; AGING
BEHAVIOR; SHAKE-GELS; CLAY; SUSPENSIONS
AB We present an X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) study of dynamic transitions in an anisotropic colloid-polymer dispersion with multiple arrested states. The results provide insight into the mechanism for formation of repulsive glasses, attractive glasses, and networked gels of colloids with weakly adsorbing polymer chains. In the presence of adsorbing polymer chains, we observe three distinct regimes: a state with slow dynamics consisting of finite particles and clusters, for which interparticle interactions are predominantly repulsive; a second dynamic regime occurring above the saturation concentration of added polymer, in which small clusters of nanoparticles form via a short-range depletion attraction; and a third regime above the overlap concentration in which dynamics of clusters are independent of polymer chain length. The observed complex dynamic state diagram is primarily governed by the structural reorganization of a nanoparticle cluster and polymer chains at the nanoparticle-polymer surface and in the concentrated medium, which in turn controls the dynamics of the dispersion. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Srivastava, Sunita; Kishore, Suhasini; Bhatia, Surita R.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Srivastava, Sunita] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kishore, Suhasini] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Narayanan, Suresh; Sandy, Alec R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Bhatia, Surita R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Srivastava, S; Bhatia, SR (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.; Srivastava, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Bhatia, SR (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM sunita.srivastava@nist.gov; surita.bhatia@stonybrook.edu
RI Bhatia, Surita/B-4536-2008
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-1335787]; U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, Award No.
CBET-1335787. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National
Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Science under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. Research carried out in part
at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 65
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0887-6266
EI 1099-0488
J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS
JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys.
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 7
BP 752
EP 760
DI 10.1002/polb.23973
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DF6UQ
UT WOS:000371492800007
ER
PT J
AU Spromberg, JA
Baldwin, DH
Damm, SE
McIntyre, JK
Huff, M
Sloan, CA
Anulacion, BF
Davis, JW
Scholz, NL
AF Spromberg, Julann A.
Baldwin, David H.
Damm, Steven E.
McIntyre, Jenifer K.
Huff, Michael
Sloan, Catherine A.
Anulacion, Bernadita F.
Davis, Jay W.
Scholz, Nathaniel L.
TI Coho salmon spawner mortality in western US urban watersheds:
bioinfiltration prevents lethal storm water impacts
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE habitat restoration; non-point source pollution; Pacific salmon;
run-off; storm water; urban ecology; urban streams
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; EARLY-LIFE STAGES; CRUDE-OIL;
LAND-USE; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; SOIL BIORETENTION; PUGET-SOUND; RUNOFF;
EXPOSURE; GROWTH
AB Adult coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch return each autumn to freshwater spawning habitats throughout western North America. The migration coincides with increasing seasonal rainfall, which in turn increases storm water run-off, particularly in urban watersheds with extensive impervious land cover. Previous field assessments in urban stream networks have shown that adult coho are dying prematurely at high rates (>50%). Despite significant management concerns for the long-term conservation of threatened wild coho populations, a causal role for toxic run-off in the mortality syndrome has not been demonstrated. We exposed otherwise healthy coho spawners to: (i) artificial storm water containing mixtures of metals and petroleum hydrocarbons, at or above concentrations previously measured in urban run-off; (ii) undiluted storm water collected from a high traffic volume urban arterial road (i.e. highway run-off); and (iii) highway run-off that was first pre-treated via bioinfiltration through experimental soil columns to remove pollutants. We find that mixtures of metals and petroleum hydrocarbons - conventional toxic constituents in urban storm water - are not sufficient to cause the spawner mortality syndrome. By contrast, untreated highway run-off collected during nine distinct storm events was universally lethal to adult coho relative to unexposed controls. Lastly, the mortality syndrome was prevented when highway run-off was pretreated by soil infiltration, a conventional green storm water infrastructure technology. Our results are the first direct evidence that: (i) toxic run-off is killing adult coho in urban watersheds, and (ii) inexpensive mitigation measures can improve water quality and promote salmon survival.Synthesis and applications. Coho salmon, an iconic species with exceptional economic and cultural significance, are an ecological sentinel for the harmful effects of untreated urban run-off. Wild coho populations cannot withstand the high rates of mortality that are now regularly occurring in urban spawning habitats. Green storm water infrastructure or similar pollution prevention methods should be incorporated to the maximal extent practicable, at the watershed scale, for all future development and redevelopment projects, particularly those involving transportation infrastructure.
Coho salmon, an iconic species with exceptional economic and cultural significance, are an ecological sentinel for the harmful effects of untreated urban run-off. Wild coho populations cannot withstand the high rates of mortality that are now regularly occurring in urban spawning habitats. Green storm water infrastructure or similar pollution prevention methods should be incorporated to the maximal extent practicable, at the watershed scale, for all future development and redevelopment projects, particularly those involving transportation infrastructure. Editor's Choice
C1 [Spromberg, Julann A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Ocean Associates, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Baldwin, David H.; Sloan, Catherine A.; Anulacion, Bernadita F.; Scholz, Nathaniel L.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Damm, Steven E.; Davis, Jay W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington Fish & Wildlife Off, 510 Desmond Dr S-E, Lacey, WA 98503 USA.
[McIntyre, Jenifer K.] Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, 2606 W Pioneer Ave, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA.
[Huff, Michael] Suquamish Tribe, POB 498,18490 Suquamish Way, Suquamish, WA 98392 USA.
RP Scholz, NL (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM nathaniel.scholz@noaa.gov
RI feng, yongzhong/F-5090-2012;
OI feng, yongzhong/0000-0002-5202-4368; Scholz,
Nathaniel/0000-0001-6207-0272
FU NOAA Coastal Storms Program (National Ocean Service, Coastal Services
Center); U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service; Puget Sound's Regional Stormwater
Monitoring Programme (RSMP); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Region 10
FX We appreciate the technical assistance of Allisan Beck, Richard Edmunds,
Tony Gill, Emma Mudrock, Tiffany Linbo, Kate Macneale, Jana Labenia,
Mark Tagal, Frank Sommers, Gina Ylitalo, Daryle Boyd, Barb French, Ann
England, Karen Peck, MaryJean Willis, Cathy Laetz, Sylvia Charles,
William Alexander, Ben Purser, Corey Oster, Luke Williams and the Kitsap
Poggie Club. This study received agency funding from the NOAA Coastal
Storms Program (National Ocean Service, Coastal Services Center), the
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, the Puget Sound's Regional Stormwater
Monitoring Programme (RSMP as administered by the WA State Dept. of
Ecology), and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10.
Lastly, we appreciate the helpful suggestions of two anonymous
reviewers. Findings and conclusions herein are those of the authors and
do not necessarily represent the views of the sponsoring organizations.
NR 36
TC 5
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U1 12
U2 38
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 53
IS 2
BP 398
EP 407
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12534
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DE9LN
UT WOS:000370959100012
ER
PT J
AU Mitropoulos, S
Tsiantos, V
Ovaliadis, K
Kechrakos, D
Donahue, M
AF Mitropoulos, Spyridon
Tsiantos, Vassilis
Ovaliadis, Kyriakos
Kechrakos, Dimitris
Donahue, Michael
TI Stiff modes in spinvalve simulations with OOMMF
SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Symposium on Hysteresis Modeling and Micromagnetics
(HMM)
CY MAY 18-20, 2015
CL Alexandru Ioan Cuza Univ, Iasi, ROMANIA
HO Alexandru Ioan Cuza Univ
DE Micromagnetic simulations; Spinvalve; ODEs; Stiffness
ID MICROMAGNETIC SOLVERS
AB Micromagnetic simulations are an important tool for the investigation of magnetic materials. Micro magnetic software uses various techniques to solve differential equations, partial or ordinary, involved in the dynamic simulations. Euler, Runge-Kutta, Adams, and BDF (Backward Differentiation Formulae) are some of the methods used for this purpose. In this paper, spinvalve simulations are investigated. Evidence is presented showing that these systems have stiff modes, and that implicit methods such as BDF are more effective than explicit methods in such cases. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mitropoulos, Spyridon] TEI Eastern Macedonia & Thrace, Dept Comp & Informat Engn, Kavala, Greece.
[Tsiantos, Vassilis; Ovaliadis, Kyriakos] TEI Eastern Macedonia & Thrace, Dept Elect Engn, Kavala 65404, Greece.
[Kechrakos, Dimitris] ASPETE, Dept Educ, Athens, Greece.
[Donahue, Michael] NIST, Appl & Computat Math Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tsiantos, V (reprint author), TEI Eastern Macedonia & Thrace, Dept Elect Engn, Kavala 65404, Greece.
EM tsianto@teikav.edu.gr
RI Kechrakos, Dimitris/H-7455-2014
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-4526
EI 1873-2135
J9 PHYSICA B
JI Physica B
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 486
BP 169
EP 172
DI 10.1016/j.physb.2015.10.010
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DE7YQ
UT WOS:000370853400038
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, HF
Sun, X
Kang, LM
Hong, MN
Liu, ML
Yu, ZH
Ouyang, J
AF Zhu, Hanfei
Sun, Xin
Kang, Limin
Hong, Mina
Liu, Menglin
Yu, Zhenghai
Ouyang, Jun
TI Charge transport behaviors in epitaxial BiFeO3 thick films sputtered
with different Ar/O-2 flow ratios
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Ferroelectric materials; BiFeO3 films; Sputtering; Electrical
properties; Charge transport
ID MULTIFERROIC PROPERTIES; HETEROSTRUCTURES; POLARIZATION; TEMPERATURE;
PHASES; STRAIN
AB Heteroepitaxial BiFeO3 thick films were prepared on (100) LaAlO3 substrates using magnetron sputtering. The sputtering atmosphere, i.e. Ar/O-2 flow ratio, showed significant influence on the charge transport behaviors of BiFeO3 films. The distinct current density-electric field (J-E) characteristics of films were fitted to three charge transport models: ionic conduction, Schottky emission, and space-charge-limited-current (SCLC). These models were verified by an Auger depth profiling study, which revealed the chemical compositions of the films across their thicknesses. The apparent flow ratio dependence of charge transport in these films is well explained by the models with the supporting Auger data. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhu, Hanfei; Liu, Menglin; Yu, Zhenghai; Ouyang, Jun] Shandong Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Engn Ceram Key Lab Shandong Prov, Key Lab Liquid Solid Struct Evolut & Proc Mat,Min, Jinan 250061, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Sun, Xin] Univ Missouri, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Kang, Limin] Shandong Ind Ceram Res & Design Inst Co Ltd, Zibo 255031, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Hong, Mina] George Washington Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Ouyang, Jun] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ouyang, J (reprint author), Shandong Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Engn Ceram Key Lab Shandong Prov, Key Lab Liquid Solid Struct Evolut & Proc Mat,Min, Jinan 250061, Shandong, Peoples R China.
EM ouyangjun@sdu.edu.cn
OI Ouyang, Jun/0000-0003-2446-2958
FU NSFC [91122024]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
(State Education Ministry); State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and
Fine Processing (Tsinghua University); Shandong University; Scientific
Research Foundation (SRF) for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,
State Education Ministry (ROCS, SEM); Key Cultivating Projects of The
Interdisciplinary Research in Shandong University [2015JC034];
Nanotechnology Projects of Soochow City [ZXG201445]; Independent
Innovation Foundation of Shandong University [2015YQ009]
FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of the NSFC (Grant No.
91122024), Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
(State Education Ministry), as well as the State Key Laboratory of New
Ceramics and Fine Processing (Tsinghua University). J. Ouyang would also
like to thank the "Qi-Lu Young Scholar Fund" of Shandong University, the
project sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation (SRF) for the
Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry (ROCS,
SEM), and Key Cultivating Projects of The Interdisciplinary Research in
Shandong University (Grant No. 2015JC034). H. Zhu, Z. Yu, and J. Ouyang
acknowledge the financial support of the Nanotechnology Projects of
Soochow City (Grant # ZXG201445) and the Independent Innovation
Foundation of Shandong University (Grant No. 2015YQ009).
NR 29
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Z9 3
U1 7
U2 21
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 115
BP 62
EP 65
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.12.029
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA DE8NV
UT WOS:000370893800014
ER
PT J
AU Sisco, E
Forbes, TP
AF Sisco, Edward
Forbes, Thomas P.
TI Direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry of potential by-products
from homemade nitrate ester explosive synthesis
SO TALANTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Explosives; Nitrate esters; Direct analysis in real time; Mass
spectrometry; Forensic science
ID ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; PENTAERYTHRITOL TETRANITRATE; TRACE DETECTION;
INSTRUMENTATION; IDENTIFICATION; MECHANISMS; CHEMISTRY; DESI; MS
AB This work demonstrates the coupling of direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS) in an off-axis configuration for the trace detection and analysis of potential partially nitrated and dimerized by-products of homemade nitrate ester explosive synthesis. Five compounds relating to the synthesis of nitroglycerin (NG) and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) were examined. Deprotonated ions and adducts with molecular oxygen, nitrite, and nitrate were observed in the mass spectral responses of these compounds. A global optimum temperature of 350 degrees C for the by-products investigated here enabled single nanogram to sub nanogram trace detection. Matrix effects were examined through a series of mixtures containing one or more compounds (sugar alcohol precursors, by-products, and/or explosives) across a range of mass loadings. The explosives MS responses experienced competitive ionization in the presence of all by-products. The magnitude of this influence corresponded to both the degree of by-product nitration and the relative mass loading of the by-product to the explosive. This work provides a characterization of potential by-products from homemade nitrate ester synthesis, including matrix effects and potential challenges that might arise from the trace detection of homemade explosives (HMEs) containing impurities. Detection and understanding of HME impurities and complex mixtures may provide valuable information for the screening and sourcing of homemade nitrate ester explosives. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Sisco, Edward; Forbes, Thomas P.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sisco, E (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM edward.sisco@nist.gov
FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate
[IAA HSHQDC-12-X-00024]; National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST)
FX The U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology
Directorate sponsored a portion of the production of this material under
Interagency Agreement IAA HSHQDC-12-X-00024 with the National Institute
of Standards and Technology (NIST).
NR 22
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U1 10
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0039-9140
EI 1873-3573
J9 TALANTA
JI Talanta
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 150
BP 177
EP 183
DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.12.013
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA DE6VA
UT WOS:000370770500024
PM 26838397
ER
PT J
AU Vico, F
Ferrando, M
Greengard, L
Gimbutas, Z
AF Vico, Felipe
Ferrando, Miguel
Greengard, Leslie
Gimbutas, Zydrunas
TI The Decoupled Potential Integral Equation for Time-Harmonic
Electromagnetic Scattering
SO COMMUNICATIONS ON PURE AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EFIE; FREQUENCIES; OPERATORS
AB We present a new formulation for the problem of electromagnetic scattering from perfect electric conductors. While our representation for the electric and magnetic fields is based on the standard vector and scalar potentials A, phi in the Lorenz gauge, we establish boundary conditions on the potentials themselves rather than on the field quantities. This permits the development of a wellconditioned second-kind Fredholm integral equation that has no spurious resonances, avoids low-frequency breakdown, and is insensitive to the genus of the scatterer. The equations for the vector and scalar potentials are decoupled. That is, the unknown scalar potential defining the scattered field, phi(scat), is determined entirely by the incident scalar potential phi(inc). Likewise, the unknown vector potential defining the scattered field, A scat, is determined entirely by the incident vector potential A(inc). This decoupled formulation is valid not only in the static limit but for arbitrary omega >= 0. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Vico, Felipe; Ferrando, Miguel] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Telecomunicac & Aplicac Multimedia ITEAM, E-46022 Valencia, Spain.
[Greengard, Leslie] NYU, Courant Inst, Simons Fdn, Simons Ctr Data Anal, 251 Mercer St, New York, NY 10012 USA.
[Gimbutas, Zydrunas] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, 325 Broadway,Mail Stop 891-01, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Vico, F; Ferrando, M (reprint author), Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Telecomunicac & Aplicac Multimedia ITEAM, E-46022 Valencia, Spain.; Greengard, L (reprint author), NYU, Courant Inst, Simons Fdn, Simons Ctr Data Anal, 251 Mercer St, New York, NY 10012 USA.; Gimbutas, Z (reprint author), NIST, Informat Technol Lab, 325 Broadway,Mail Stop 891-01, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM felipe.vico@gmail.com; mferrand@dcom.upv.es; greengard@cims.nyu.edu;
zydrunas.gimbutas@nist.gov
RI Ferrando Bataller, Miguel/O-2926-2013
OI Ferrando Bataller, Miguel/0000-0003-3561-5112
FU Applied Mathematical Sciences Program of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-FGO288ER25053]; Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for
Research and Engineering; AFOSR under NSSEFF Program [FA9550-10-1-0180];
Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Ministerio de Ciencia e
Innovacion) [CSD2008-00068, TEC2010-20841-C04-01]
FX This work was supported in part by the Applied Mathematical Sciences
Program of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-FGO288ER25053
(L.G.), by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research
and Engineering and AFOSR under NSSEFF Program Award FA9550-10-1-0180
(L.G. and Z.G.), and in part by the Spanish Ministry of Science and
Innovation (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion) under projects
CSD2008-00068 and TEC2010-20841-C04-01. The authors thank A. Klockner
and M. O'Neil for many useful discussions.
NR 37
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U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0010-3640
EI 1097-0312
J9 COMMUN PUR APPL MATH
JI Commun. Pure Appl. Math.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 69
IS 4
BP 771
EP 812
PG 42
WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA DE5JS
UT WOS:000370667900007
ER
PT J
AU Deroba, JJ
Miller, TJ
AF Deroba, Jonathan J.
Miller, Timothy J.
TI Correct in theory but wrong in practice: Bias caused by using a
lognormal distribution to penalize annual recruitments in fish stock
assessment models
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Likelihood; Recruitment; Assessment; Simulation; Fish
ID PRODUCTIVITY; SELECTIVITY
AB Penalties are widely used for a range of parameters while fitting fish stock assessment models. Penalizing annual recruitments for deviating from an underlying mean recruitment is probably the most common. Assuming that recruits are log-normally distributed for the purposes of this penalty is theoretically justifiable. In practice, however, bias may be induced because this distributional assumption includes a term equal to the summation of the log observed data, which in the case of recruitment equals the summation of the log recruitment parameters that are not data. Using simulation, the potential for bias caused by assuming that recruits were log-normally distributed was explored, and results were contrasted with the assumption that log-recruitment was normally distributed, an alternative that avoids the potentially troublesome summation term. Spawning stock biomass (SSB) and recruitment were negatively biased, while fishing mortality (F) was positively biased under the assumption of log-normally distributed recruitments, and the bias worsened closer to the terminal year. The bias also worsened when the true underlying F was low relative to natural mortality, and with domed fishery selectivity. Bias in SSB, recruitment, and F was nonexistent or relatively small under the assumption that log-recruitment was normally distributed. Distributional assumptions for penalties used in assessment models should be reviewed to reduce the potential for biased estimation. These results also provide further support for simulation testing to evaluate statistical behavior of assessment models. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Deroba, Jonathan J.; Miller, Timothy J.] NOAA Fisheries, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Deroba, JJ (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jonathan.deroba@noaa.gov
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 176
BP 86
EP 93
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.12.002
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DE0HZ
UT WOS:000370307000010
ER
PT J
AU Guzewich, SD
Newman, CE
Juarez, MD
Wilson, RJ
Lemmon, M
Smith, MD
Kahanpaa, H
Harri, AM
AF Guzewich, Scott D.
Newman, C. E.
Juarez, M. de la Torre
Wilson, R. J.
Lemmon, M.
Smith, M. D.
Kahanpaa, H.
Harri, A. -M.
CA REMS Sci Team
MSL Sci Team
TI Atmospheric tides in Gale Crater, Mars
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars, atmosphere; Atmospheres, dynamics; Meteorology
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MARTIAN DUST CYCLE; WATER ICE CLOUDS; THERMAL
TIDES; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; OPTICAL DEPTH; STORMS; ROVER;
SIMULATION; CLIMATE
AB Atmospheric tides are the primary source of daily air pressure variation at the surface of Mars. These tides are forced by solar heating of the atmosphere and modulated by the presence of atmospheric dust, topography, and surface albedo and thermal inertia. This results in a complex mix of sun-synchronous and non sun-synchronous tides propagating both eastward and westward around the planet in periods that are integer fractions of a solar day. The Rover Environmental Monitoring Station on board the Mars Science Laboratory has observed air pressure at a regular cadence for over 1 Mars year and here we analyze and diagnose atmospheric tides in this pressure record. The diurnal tide amplitude varies from 26 to 63 Pa with an average phase of 0424 local true solar time, while the semidiurnal tide amplitude varies from 5 to 20 Pa with an average phase of 0929. We find that both the diurnal and semidiurnal tides in Gale Crater are highly correlated to atmospheric opacity variations at a value of 0.9 and to each other at a value of 0.77, with some key exceptions occurring during regional and local dust storms. We supplement our analysis with MarsWRF general circulation modeling to examine how a local dust storm impacts the diurnal tide in its vicinity. We find that both the diurnal tide amplitude enhancement and regional coverage of notable amplitude enhancement linearly scales with the size of the local dust storm. Our results provide the first long-term record of surface pressure tides near the martian equator. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Guzewich, Scott D.] NASA GSFC, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Guzewich, Scott D.; Smith, M. D.] NASA GSFC, Planetary Syst Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Guzewich, Scott D.] Univ Space Res Assoc, 7178 Columbia Gateway Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA.
[Newman, C. E.] Ashima Res, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
[Juarez, M. de la Torre] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Wilson, R. J.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Lemmon, M.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Kahanpaa, H.; Harri, A. -M.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[Kahanpaa, H.] Aalto Univ, Espoo, Finland.
RP Guzewich, SD (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, 7178 Columbia Gateway Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA.
RI Lemmon, Mark/E-9983-2010; Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose/L-8001-2014;
Gonzalez, Rafael/D-1748-2009; Harri, Ari-Matti/C-7142-2012; Ramos,
Miguel/K-2230-2014;
OI Lemmon, Mark/0000-0002-4504-5136; Rodriguez-Manfredi,
Jose/0000-0003-0461-9815; Harri, Ari-Matti/0000-0001-8541-2802; Ramos,
Miguel/0000-0003-3648-6818; Guzewich, Scott/0000-0003-1149-7385
FU MSL Participating Scientist grant; MSL mission
FX This work was partially funded by a MSL Participating Scientist grant to
M.D. Smith. C.E. Newman, M. de la Torre Juarez, and M. Lemmon
acknowledge funding from the MSL mission, the REMS team, and the MastCam
team. MarsWRF simulations were conducted on the NASA Pleiades Advanced
Supercomputer system.
NR 46
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U1 4
U2 22
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 268
BP 37
EP 49
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.12.028
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DD9AN
UT WOS:000370218100004
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, Q
Petersen, EJ
Cornelis, G
Wang, XL
Guo, XY
Tao, S
Xing, BS
AF Zhao, Qing
Petersen, Elijah J.
Cornelis, Geert
Wang, Xilong
Guo, Xiaoying
Tao, Shu
Xing, Baoshan
TI Retention of C-14-labeled multiwall carbon nanotubes by humic acid and
polymers: Roles of macromolecule properties
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; COLLOIDAL STABILITY; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE;
ECOLOGICAL UPTAKE; SORPTION; WATER; NANOPARTICLES; SOILS; TRANSPORT;
IMPACT
AB Developing methods to measure interactions of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with soils and sediments and understanding the impact of soil and sediment properties on CNT deposition are essential for assessing CNT environmental risks. In this study, we utilized functionalized carbon-14 labeled nanotubes to systematically investigate retention of multiwall CNTs (MWCNTs) by 3 humic acids, 3 natural biopolymers, and 10 model solid-phase polymers, collectively termed macromolecules. Surface properties, rather than bulk properties of macromolecules, greatly influenced MWCNT retention. As shown via multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis, aromaticity and surface polarity were the two most positive factors for retention, suggesting retention was regulated by pi-pi stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions. Moreover, MWCNT deposition was irreversible. These observations may explain the high retention of MWCNT in natural soils. Moreover, our findings on the relative contribution of each macromolecule property on CNT retention provide information on macromolecule selection for removal of MWCNTs from wastewater and provide a method for measuring CNT interactions with organic macromolecules. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Zhao, Qing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Qing; Xing, Baoshan] Univ Massachusetts, Stockbridge Sch Agr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Petersen, Elijah J.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Cornelis, Geert] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Chem & Mol Biol, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Wang, Xilong; Guo, Xiaoying; Tao, Shu] Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Lab Earth Surface Proc, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Qing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, Key Lab Pollut Ecol & Environm Engn, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
RP Xing, BS (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Stockbridge Sch Agr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.; Petersen, EJ (reprint author), NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Elijah.petersen@nist.gov; bx@umass.edu
RI Petersen, Elijah/E-3034-2013; Zhao, Qing/I-5749-2013; Zhao,
Qing/N-6541-2014; Cornelis, Geert/F-7044-2010;
OI Zhao, Qing/0000-0003-3192-3804; Zhao, Qing/0000-0003-2250-5571;
Cornelis, Geert/0000-0003-0078-6798; Petersen,
Elijah/0000-0001-8215-9127
FU Hundreds Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences; CAS Pioneer
Hundred Talents Program; USDA-AFRI Hatch program [MAS 00475]; NSFC
[41328003]; 111 project [B14001]; Open Foundation of State Key
Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese
Research Academy of Environmental Sciences [SKLECRA2015OFP10]
FX This work was in part supported by the Hundreds Talents Program of
Chinese Academy of Sciences (2014-2019), CAS Pioneer Hundred Talents
Program (2015-2020), USDA-AFRI Hatch program (MAS 00475), NSFC
(41328003) and the 111 project (B14001) and Open Foundation of State Key
Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese
Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (SKLECRA2015OFP10). Certain
commercial equipment or materials are identified in this article in
order to specify adequately the experimental procedure. Such
identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that
the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available
for the purpose.
NR 61
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U1 12
U2 41
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
EI 1873-3891
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 99
BP 229
EP 237
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.12.024
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA DC2TP
UT WOS:000369069800027
PM 27458320
ER
PT J
AU Li, W
Cheng, GJ
Liang, YR
Tian, BY
Liang, XL
Peng, LM
Walker, ARH
Gundlach, DJ
Nguyen, NV
AF Li, Wei
Cheng, Guangjun
Liang, Yiran
Tian, Boyuan
Liang, Xuelei
Peng, Lianmao
Walker, A. R. Hight
Gundlach, David J.
Nguyen, Nhan V.
TI Broadband optical properties of graphene by spectroscopic ellipsometry
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID BILAYER GRAPHENE; FILMS
AB The optical properties of chemical vapor deposition grown graphene were measured with high accuracy by spectroscopy ellipsometry in the energy range of 0.7 eV-9.0 eV, which is spectrally broader compared with those reported in literature. The refractive index (n) and extinction coefficient (k) of graphene were accurately obtained and compared with directly measured transmittance data. The absorption of graphene follows the well-known fine structure constant in the visible range, becomes lower below 1 eV, and shows a strong absorption peak around 4.8 eV. The latter was attributed to the resonant excitons near the van Hove singularity at the M point of the Brillouin zone. A higher energy absorption peak was observed at 6.4 eV resulting from the excitonic effect of the sigma-to-sigma* transition at the Gamma point of the Brillouin zone. The multi-layer graphene, fabricated by repeated transfer, exhibit similar optical properties to mono-layer graphene and the 4.8 eV absorption peak exhibits a layer-number dependent peak shift, similar to the exfoliated AB-stacked multi-layer graphene. The broadband optical properties reported in this letter are believed to enhance the understanding of the optical properties of graphene and will benefit the development of graphene-based optoelectronic devices. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Wei; Liang, Yiran; Tian, Boyuan; Liang, Xuelei; Peng, Lianmao] Peking Univ, Key Lab Phys & Chem Nanodevices, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Li, Wei; Liang, Yiran; Tian, Boyuan; Liang, Xuelei; Peng, Lianmao] Peking Univ, Dept Elect, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Li, Wei; Cheng, Guangjun; Walker, A. R. Hight; Gundlach, David J.; Nguyen, Nhan V.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Liang, XL (reprint author), Peking Univ, Key Lab Phys & Chem Nanodevices, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.; Liang, XL (reprint author), Peking Univ, Dept Elect, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.; Nguyen, NV (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM liangxl@pku.edu.cn; Nhan.Nguyen@nist.gov
RI Liang, Xuelei/C-4690-2013; Peng, Lianmao/E-2089-2011; Hight Walker,
Angela/C-3373-2009
OI Hight Walker, Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2011CB921904]; Ministry of
education of China [113003A]; National Natural Science Foundation of
China [61321001]; Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission
[Z141100003814006]; National Institute of Standards and Technology
FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of
China (Grant No. 2011CB921904), the Ministry of education of China
(Grant No. 113003A), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant
No. 61321001) and Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission
(Grant No. Z141100003814006). Wei Li is partly supported by National
Institute of Standards and Technology. The authors are grateful to the
discussion with Alex Boosalis of University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
NR 38
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U1 15
U2 59
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
EI 1873-3891
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 99
BP 348
EP 353
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.12.007
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA DC2TP
UT WOS:000369069800041
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, K
Simpson, M
Demner-Fushman, D
Voorhees, E
Hersh, W
AF Roberts, Kirk
Simpson, Matthew
Demner-Fushman, Dina
Voorhees, Ellen
Hersh, William
TI State-of-the-art in biomedical literature retrieval for clinical cases:
a survey of the TREC 2014 CDS track
SO INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomedical information retrieval; Clinical decision support; Information
retrieval evaluation
ID PERFORMANCE; INFORMATION; DISEASES; DATABASE; MEDLINE; CARE
AB Providing access to relevant biomedical literature in a clinical setting has the potential to bridge a critical gap in evidence-based medicine. Here, our goal is specifically to provide relevant articles to clinicians to improve their decision-making in diagnosing, treating, and testing patients. To this end, the TREC 2014 Clinical Decision Support Track evaluated a system's ability to retrieve relevant articles in one of three categories (Diagnosis, Treatment, Test) using an idealized form of a patient medical record . Over 100 submissions from over 25 participants were evaluated on 30 topics, resulting in over 37k relevance judgments. In this article, we provide an overview of the task, a survey of the information retrieval methods employed by the participants, an analysis of the results, and a discussion on the future directions for this challenging yet important task.
C1 [Roberts, Kirk; Simpson, Matthew; Demner-Fushman, Dina] Natl Lib Med, Lister Hill Natl Ctr Biomed Commun, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Voorhees, Ellen] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hersh, William] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med Informat & Clin Epidemiol, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
RP Roberts, K (reprint author), Natl Lib Med, Lister Hill Natl Ctr Biomed Commun, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA.
EM kirk.roberts@nih.gov
OI Hersh, William/0000-0002-4114-5148
FU intramural research program at U.S. National Library of Medicine,
National Institutes of Health
FX Kirk Roberts, Matthew Simpson, and Dina Demner-Fushman were supported by
the intramural research program at the U.S. National Library of
Medicine, National Institutes of Health. The authors would also like to
thank the following participants for providing feedback and
clarifications: Raymond Wan, Paul McNamee, Jean Garcia-Gathright, Joao
Palotti, Eva D'hondt, Dawit Girmay, Afshin Deroie, Sungbin Choi, Luca
Soldaini, Joe McCarthy, and Yi-Shu Wei.
NR 75
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1386-4564
EI 1573-7659
J9 INFORM RETRIEVAL
JI Inf. Retr.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 19
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 113
EP 148
DI 10.1007/s10791-015-9259-x
PG 36
WC Computer Science, Information Systems
SC Computer Science
GA DC1UM
UT WOS:000369002500006
ER
PT J
AU Muzzillo, CP
Campbell, CE
Anderson, TJ
AF Muzzillo, Christopher P.
Campbell, Carelyn E.
Anderson, Timothy J.
TI Cu-Ga-In thermodynamics: experimental study, modeling, and implications
for photovoltaics
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHALCOPYRITE THIN-FILMS; COPPER-INDIUM; SOLAR-CELLS; SELENIZATION
TECHNIQUE; LATTICE-PARAMETERS; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; HEAT-CAPACITY;
BINARY-SYSTEM; AB-INITIO; ALLOYS
AB Both experimental measurements and assessment of phase equilibria are reported in the Cu-Ga-In material system, which is an important constituent in growth of the thin film photovoltaic absorber Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS). Characterization of four different alloys using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry has been conducted, and high-temperature equilibration studies have been performed on 2 of those. The new data are qualitatively consistent with the previous nonequilibrium thin film Cu-Ga-In observations. A thermodynamic assessment of the ternary system has also been performed using a CALPHAD approach after re-assessing the Cu-In constituent. The model fits the ternary data well in addition to the Cu-Ga, Cu-In, and Ga-In binary data. Practical applications of the model to metal precursors in a CIGS selenization process are discussed. Using the assessed parameters, the model predicts that at temperatures typically used in CIGS processes, Cu-Ga-In films should undergo equilibrium phase transformations. Slight changes in composition are found to determine whether or not these transitions occur, and at what temperature. Equilibrated precursor films are calculated to have high gamma-Cu-9(Ga,In)(4) phase content, where reducing equilibration and gamma-Cu-9(Ga,In)(4) formation have previously been found to improve photovoltaic performance.
C1 [Muzzillo, Christopher P.; Anderson, Timothy J.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Campbell, Carelyn E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20874 USA.
RP Muzzillo, CP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM muzzillo@ufl.edu; tim@ufl.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy under FPACE [DE-EE0005407]; Department of
Energy FPACE [DE-EE0005407]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the U.S. Department of
Energy under FPACE contract DE-EE0005407. The authors would like to
thank GE for graciously providing bulk alloys and performing DSC, and
Thermo-Calc Software and CompuTherm LLC for providing software. This
study was funded by Department of Energy FPACE grant DE-EE0005407.
NR 87
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 53
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
EI 1573-4803
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 51
IS 7
BP 3362
EP 3379
DI 10.1007/s10853-015-9651-3
PG 18
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA DA8KS
UT WOS:000368054100008
ER
PT J
AU Mamontov, E
Sharma, VK
Borreguero, JM
Tyagi, M
AF Mamontov, E.
Sharma, V. K.
Borreguero, J. M.
Tyagi, M.
TI Protein-Style Dynamical Transition in a Non-Biological Polymer and a
Non-Aqueous Solvent
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; AMORPHOUS POLYSTYRENE; HYDRATION WATER;
FLUCTUATIONS; MOTIONS
AB Temperature-dependent onset of apparent anharmonicity in the microscopic dynamics of hydrated proteins and other biomolecules has been known as protein dynamical transition for the last quarter of a century. Using neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulation, techniques most often associated with protein dynamical transition studies, we have investigated the microscopic dynamics of one of the most common polymers, polystyrene, which was exposed to toluene vapor, mimicking the process of protein hydration from water vapor. Polystyrene with adsorbed toluene is an example of a solvent-solute system, which, unlike biopolymers, is anhydrous and lacks hydrogen bonding. Nevertheless, it exhibits the essential traits of the dynamical transition in biomolecules, such as a specific dependence of the microscopic dynamics of both solvent and host on the temperature and the amount of solvent adsorbed. We conclude that the protein dynamical transition is a manifestation of a universal solvent-solute dynamical relationship, which is not specific to either biomolecules as solute, or aqueous media as solvent, or even a particular type of interactions between solvent and solute.
C1 [Mamontov, E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Sharma, V. K.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Sharma, V. K.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Solid State Phys, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
[Borreguero, J. M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Neutron Data Anal & Visualizat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Tyagi, M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tyagi, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Mamontov, E (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM mamontove@ornl.gov
RI Mamontov, Eugene/Q-1003-2015
OI Mamontov, Eugene/0000-0002-5684-2675
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1508249]; Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy;
Center for Accelerating Materials Modeling (CAMM) - U.S. Department of
Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Material Sciences and Engineering
Division [FWP-3ERKCSNL]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX The neutron scattering experiments on HFBS at NCNR were supported in
part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-1508249.
The neutron scattering experiments on BASIS at SNS were supported by the
Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy. J.M.B. is supported by the Center for
Accelerating Materials Modeling (CAMM) funded by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Material Sciences and Engineering
Division under FWP-3ERKCSNL. This manuscript has been authored by
UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S.
Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the
publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that
the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid up,
irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States
Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access
to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the
DOE Public Access Plan
(http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). Certain commercial
material suppliers are identified in this paper to foster understanding.
Such identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that
the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available
for the purpose. The authors declare no competing financial interests.
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD MAR 31
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 12
BP 3232
EP 3239
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b00866
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA DI3RR
UT WOS:000373416700025
PM 26977709
ER
PT J
AU Osterberg, C
Fahlquist, H
Haussermann, U
Brown, CM
Udovic, TJ
Karlsson, M
AF Osterberg, Carin
Fahlquist, Henrik
Haussermann, Ulrich
Brown, Craig M.
Udovic, Terrence J.
Karlsson, Maths
TI Dynamics of Pyramidal SiH3- Ions in ASiH(3) (A = K and Rb) Investigated
with Quasielastic Neutron Scattering
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROGEN-STORAGE MATERIALS; BOROHYDRIDES MBH4 M; TETRAHYDROBORATE
ANIONS; POTASSIUM SILANIDE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; ALUMINUM HYDRIDES;
LIBH4; SILYL; LITHIUM; KSIH3
AB The two alkali silanides ASiH(3) (A = K and Rb) were investigated by means of quasielastic neutron scattering, both below and above the order-disorder phase transition occurring at around 275-300 K. Measurements upon heating show that there is a large change in the dynamics on going through the phase transition, whereas measurements upon cooling reveal a strong hysteresis due to undercooling of the disordered phase. The results show that the dynamics is associated with rotational diffusion of SiH3- anions, adequately modeled by H-jumps among 24 different jump locations radially distributed around the Si atom. The average relaxation time between successive jumps is of the order of subpicoseconds and exhibits a weak temperature dependence with a small difference in activation energy between the two materials, 39(1) meV for KSiH3 and 33(1) meV for RbSiH3. The pronounced SiH3- dynamics explains the high entropy observed in the disordered phase resulting in the low entropy variation for hydrogen absorption/desorption and hence the origin of these materials' favorable hydrogen storage properties.
C1 [Osterberg, Carin; Karlsson, Maths] Chalmers, Dept Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Fahlquist, Henrik; Haussermann, Ulrich] Stockholm Univ, Dept Mat & Environm Chem, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Brown, Craig M.; Udovic, Terrence J.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Karlsson, M (reprint author), Chalmers, Dept Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
EM maths.karlsson@chalmers.se
RI Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355
FU Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research [ICA10-0001]; Swedish Research
Council [2010-3519]; U.S. DOE EERE [DE-EE0002978]; Chalmers Area of
Advance in Materials Science; NSF [DMR-0944772]
FX This research was funded by the Swedish Foundation for Strategic
Research (Grant No. ICA10-0001), the Swedish Research Council (Grant No.
2010-3519), and the U.S. DOE EERE (Grant No. DE-EE0002978). A travel
grant by the Chalmers Area of Advance in Materials Science is also
gratefully acknowledged. The NIST Center for Neutron Research is thanked
for access to neutron beam facilities. This work utilized facilities
supported in part by the NSF under Agreement No. DMR-0944772.
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD MAR 31
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 12
BP 6369
EP 6376
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b00363
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DI3RP
UT WOS:000373416500009
ER
PT J
AU Turkovic, V
Engmann, S
Tsierkezos, N
Hoppe, H
Madsen, M
Rubahn, HG
Ritter, U
Gobsch, G
AF Turkovic, Vida
Engmann, Sebastian
Tsierkezos, Nikos
Hoppe, Harald
Madsen, Morten
Rubahn, Horst-Guenter
Ritter, Uwe
Gobsch, Gerhard
TI Long-term stabilization of organic solar cells using UV absorbers
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE lifetime; degradation; stabilization; ternary blend; UV screening;
organic solar cells; Brazilian MRS
ID PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES; OXIDATION POTENTIALS; POLY(3-ALKYLTHIOPHENES);
ENCAPSULATION; STABILITY; LAYERS; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; PHOTOOXIDATION;
IONIZATION; MECHANISMS
AB We are reporting on the successful implementation of UV absorbers for the long-term stabilization of organic photovoltaic devices (OPV). A set of six commercially available representatives of main UV absorber classes, commonly used for insulating plastics, were ternary-blended into the active layer, and the OPV performances were recorded under International Summit on OPV Stability standards (ISOS-3) degradation conditions. An improvement in the long-term performance of the OPV devices, manifested in the accumulated power generation (APG) increase for over a factor of 3, was found for 2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-5-[(hexyl) oxy]phenol. This improvement is governed by a significantly decreased PCE loss during the burn-in period. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy, used to trace chemical degradation over time, indicates that the stabilization of the active layer occurs due to a reduced formation of radicals facilitated by the UV screening properties of the additive.
C1 [Turkovic, Vida; Engmann, Sebastian; Hoppe, Harald; Gobsch, Gerhard] Ilmenau Univ Technol, Inst Phys, D-98683 Ilmenau, Germany.
[Turkovic, Vida; Engmann, Sebastian; Hoppe, Harald; Gobsch, Gerhard] Ilmenau Univ Technol, Inst Micro & Nanotechnol, D-98683 Ilmenau, Germany.
[Tsierkezos, Nikos; Ritter, Uwe] Ilmenau Univ Technol, Inst Chem & Biotechnol, D-98693 Ilmenau, Germany.
[Turkovic, Vida; Madsen, Morten; Rubahn, Horst-Guenter] Univ Southern Denmark, Mads Clausen Inst, DK-6400 Sonderborg, Denmark.
[Engmann, Sebastian] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Engmann, S (reprint author), Ilmenau Univ Technol, Inst Phys, D-98683 Ilmenau, Germany.; Engmann, S (reprint author), Ilmenau Univ Technol, Inst Micro & Nanotechnol, D-98683 Ilmenau, Germany.; Engmann, S (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM engmann@mci.sdu.dk
RI Hoppe, Harald/P-5293-2014; Madsen, Morten/K-8597-2012;
OI Engmann, Vida/0000-0001-5608-1362; Madsen, Morten/0000-0001-6503-0479
FU Federal State of Thuringia via the Landesgraduierten Stipendium; Federal
Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [03X3516F]; Interreg 4A
Syddanmark-Schleswig-K.E.R.N; Det Frie Forskningsrad
FX The authors would like to thank Katrin Risch for recording the FTIR
spectra and Doreen Schneider for additional CV measurements. We
thankfully acknowledge Dr Solon Economopoulos for his valuable
discussion on cyclic voltammetry. Financial support from the Federal
State of Thuringia via the Landesgraduierten Stipendium, from the
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) for funding research
project EOS (Grant number 03X3516F), from Interreg 4A
Syddanmark-Schleswig-K.E.R.N. for funding project eMotion, and Det Frie
Forskningsrad for funding project StabilO is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 33
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
EI 1361-6463
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD MAR 31
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 12
AR 125604
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/49/12/125604
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DF0QJ
UT WOS:000371043700027
ER
PT J
AU Contento, NM
Semancik, S
AF Contento, Nicholas M.
Semancik, Steve
TI Thermal characteristics of temperature-controlled electrochemical
microdevices
SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Microheater; Temperature; Electrochemistry; Thermal imaging; Cyclic
voltammetry
ID GAS SENSOR ARRAY; HEATED ELECTRODES; MICROSENSORS; MICROELECTRODES;
AMPLIFICATION; VOLTAMMETRY; BACKGROUNDS; ACTIVATION; SYSTEMS; CHIP
AB The development of novel, miniaturized sensing systems is driven by the demand for better and faster chemical measurements with lower power consumption and smaller sample sizes. Emerging miniature sensors, or microsensors, also offer rapid thermal and diffusive transport characteristics. For instance, temperature changes, during both heating and cooling, can be achieved on micrometer-scale surfaces much more rapidly than on bulk, macro-scale surfaces. While these rapid thermal characteristics have been most successfully exploited to date in gas-phase sensing devices, the prospect of developing analogous microfabricated, temperature-controlled microsensors for use in aqueous, or solution-phase, environments has been less explored. In this work, electrodes with underlying microheaters were designed and fabricated, and thermal characterization was performed using temperature imaging, transient temperature measurements, and theoretical modeling to determine temperature distributions and thermal response times in both gas- and solution-phase environments. These results will guide the development of solution-phase electrochemical sensors. Temperature-controlled electrochemical characterization was performed using cyclic voltammetry of a model analyte, hexaamineruthenium(III) chloride, to demonstrate the use of the multilayer, microfabricated devices, which consisted of a gold disk electrode and an underlying microheater. Electrochemical signals were enhanced by up to a factor of three at elevated temperatures (up to 81 degrees C) compared to those measured at room temperature (21 degrees C). This improved signal at elevated temperatures was explained by finite element method calculations that accounted for both temperature-dependent diffusion and thermal convection near the heated electrode surface. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Contento, Nicholas M.; Semancik, Steve] NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Contento, NM (reprint author), NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM nicholas.contento@nist.gov
FU National Research Council-National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST) Postdoctoral Associateship Program; Center for Nanoscale Science
and Technology's Nanofab at NIST
FX NMC acknowledges funding through an award from the National Research
Council-National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
Postdoctoral Associateship Program. We thank M. Carrier and C.
Montgomery for helpful discussions and assistance with microfabrication
tools and techniques. We acknowledge technical support from the Center
for Nanoscale Science and Technology's Nanofab at NIST. We also thank B.
Lane of the NIST Intelligent Systems Division for assistance with IR
thermal imaging and suggestions about the IR temperature calibration
method used in this work.
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-4005
J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM
JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem.
PD MAR 31
PY 2016
VL 225
BP 279
EP 287
DI 10.1016/j.snb.2015.11.019
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA CY9XK
UT WOS:000366759500035
ER
PT J
AU Burgess, DR
AF Burgess, Donald R., Jr.
TI An Evaluation of Gas Phase Enthalpies of Formation for Hydrogen-Oxygen
(HxOy) Species
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ab initio thermochemistry; atomization energies; bond dissociation
energies; enthalpy of formation; hydrogen-oxygen species; thermochemical
network; thermodynamic properties
ID ACTIVE THERMOCHEMICAL TABLES; COMPLETE BASIS-SET; POTENTIAL-ENERGY
SURFACE; INFRARED ACTION SPECTROSCOPY; AB-INITIO THERMOCHEMISTRY;
BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGY; ELECTRONIC GROUND-STATE; ROTATIONALLY RESOLVED
PHOTOIONIZATION; COUPLED-CLUSTER CALCULATIONS; ZERO-POINT ENERGIES
AB We have compiled gas phase enthalpies of formation for nine hydrogen-oxygen species (HxOy) and selected recommended values for H, O, OH, H2O, HO2, H2O2, O-3, HO3, and H2O3. The compilation consists of values derived from experimental measurements, quantum chemical calculations, and prior evaluations. This work updates the recommended values in the NIST-JANAF (1985) and Gurvich et al. (1989) thermochemical tables for seven species. For two species, HO3 and H2O3 (important in atmospheric chemistry) and not found in prior thermochemical evaluations, we also provide supplementary data consisting of molecular geometries, vibrational frequencies, and torsional potentials which can be used to compute thermochemical functions. For all species, we also provide supplementary data consisting of zero point energies, vibrational frequencies, and ion reaction energetics.
C1 [Burgess, Donald R., Jr.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Burgess, DR (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM donald.burgess@nist.gov
NR 294
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 13
U2 16
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD MAR 30
PY 2016
VL 121
BP 108
EP 138
DI 10.6028/jres.121.005
PG 31
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DQ5BB
UT WOS:000379218300001
ER
PT J
AU Samant, SP
Grabowski, CA
Kisslinger, K
Yager, KG
Yuan, GC
Satija, SK
Durstock, MF
Raghavan, D
Karim, A
AF Samant, Saumil P.
Grabowski, Christopher A.
Kisslinger, Kim
Yager, Kevin G.
Yuan, Guangcui
Satija, Sushil K.
Durstock, Michael F.
Raghavan, Dharmaraj
Karim, Alamgir
TI Directed Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers for High Breakdown Strength
Polymer Film Capacitors
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE block copolymer; directed self-assembly; cold zone annealing soft-shear;
lamellae; breakdown strength; barrier effect; dielectric; capacitor
ID THIN-FILMS; DIELECTRIC-BREAKDOWN; SOLID DIELECTRICS; ELECTRIC-FIELD;
ENERGY; NANOCOMPOSITES; ORIENTATION; ALIGNMENT; NANOPARTICLES;
PERFORMANCE
AB Emerging needs for fast charge/discharge yet high-power, lightweight, and flexible electronics requires the use of polymer-film-based solid-state capacitors with high energy densities. Fast charge/discharge rates of film capacitors on the order of microseconds are not achievable with slower charging conventional batteries, supercapacitors and related hybrid technologies. However, the current energy densities of polymer film capacitors fall short of rising demand, and could be significantly enhanced by increasing the breakdown strength (E-BD) and dielectric permittivity (epsilon(r)) of the polymer films. Co-extruded two-homopolymer component multilayered films have demonstrated much promise in this regard showing higher E-BD over that of component polymers. Multilayered films can also help incorporate functional features besides energy storage, such as enhanced optical, mechanical, thermal and barrier properties. In this work, we report accomplishing multilayer, multicomponent block copolymer dielectric films (BCDF) with soft-shear driven highly oriented self-assembled lamellar diblock copolymers (BCP) as a novel application of this important class of self-assembling materials. Results of a model PS-b-PMMA system show similar to 50% enhancement in E-BD of self-assembled multilayer lamellar BCP films compared to unordered as-cast films, indicating that the breakdown is highly sensitive to the nanostructure of the BCP. The enhancement in E-BD is attributed to the "barrier effect", where the multiple interfaces between the lamellae block components act as barriers to the dielectric breakdown through the film. The increase in E-BD corresponds to more than doubling the energy storage capacity using a straightforward directed self-assembly strategy. This approach opens a new nanomaterial paradigm for designing high energy density dielectric materials.
C1 [Samant, Saumil P.; Karim, Alamgir] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Grabowski, Christopher A.; Durstock, Michael F.] Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Air Force Res Lab, Dayton, OH 45433 USA.
[Kisslinger, Kim; Yager, Kevin G.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Yuan, Guangcui; Satija, Sushil K.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Raghavan, Dharmaraj] Howard Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
RP Karim, A (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM alamgir@uakron.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-12-1-0306];
National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-1006421]
FX This work was supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(AFOSR) under contract No. FA9550-12-1-0306 and the National Science
Foundation (NSF) via Grant DMR-1006421.
NR 43
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 19
U2 59
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD MAR 30
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 12
BP 7966
EP 7976
DI 10.1021/acsami.5b11851
PG 11
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DI5DQ
UT WOS:000373519500043
PM 26942835
ER
PT J
AU Hume, DB
Leibrandt, DR
AF Hume, David B.
Leibrandt, David R.
TI Probing beyond the laser coherence time in optical clock comparisons
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC CLOCKS; LATTICE CLOCKS; INSTABILITY; CONSTANTS; CAVITY; NOISE;
2ND
AB We develop differential measurement protocols that circumvent the laser noise limit in the stability of optical clock comparisons by synchronous probing of two clocks using phase-locked local oscillators. This allows for probe times longer than the laser coherence time, avoids the Dick effect, and supports Heisenberg-limited measurement precision. We present protocols for such frequency comparisons and develop numerical simulations of the protocols with realistic noise sources. These methods provide a route to reduce frequency ratio measurement durations by more than an order of magnitude.
C1 [Hume, David B.; Leibrandt, David R.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hume, DB (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM david.hume@nist.gov
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency; Office of Naval Research
FX We thank T. Rosenband and D. Wineland for useful discussions related to
this work. We also thank K. Beloy and E. Knill for critical reading of
the manuscript. We acknowledge support from the Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency and the Office of Naval Research. This work is
a contribution of the U.S. government, not subject to U.S. copyright.
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAR 30
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 3
AR 032138
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.032138
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DH9FH
UT WOS:000373101300003
ER
PT J
AU Docaj, A
Wall, ML
Mukherjee, R
Hazzard, KRA
AF Docaj, Andris
Wall, Michael L.
Mukherjee, Rick
Hazzard, Kaden R. A.
TI Ultracold Nonreactive Molecules in an Optical Lattice: Connecting
Chemistry to Many-Body Physics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUND-STATE MOLECULES; POLAR-MOLECULES; QUANTUM GAS;
CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; ATOMS; COLD; TEMPERATURES
AB We derive effective lattice models for ultracold bosonic or fermionic nonreactive molecules (NRMs) in an optical lattice, analogous to the Hubbard model that describes ultracold atoms in a lattice. In stark contrast to the Hubbard model, which is commonly assumed to accurately describe NRMs, we find that the single on-site interaction parameter U is replaced by a multichannel interaction, whose properties we elucidate. Because this arises from complex short-range collisional physics, it requires no dipolar interactions and thus occurs even in the absence of an electric field or for homonuclear molecules. We find a crossover between coherent few-channel models and fully incoherent single-channel models as the lattice depth is increased. We show that the effective model parameters can be determined in lattice modulation experiments, which, consequently, measure molecular collision dynamics with a vastly sharper energy resolution than experiments in a free-space ultracold gas.
C1 [Docaj, Andris; Mukherjee, Rick; Hazzard, Kaden R. A.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Docaj, Andris; Mukherjee, Rick; Hazzard, Kaden R. A.] Rice Univ, Rice Ctr Quantum Mat, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Wall, Michael L.] Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wall, Michael L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Hazzard, KRA (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA.; Hazzard, KRA (reprint author), Rice Univ, Rice Ctr Quantum Mat, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
EM kaden.hazzard@gmail.com
FU Welch foundation [C-1872]; NRC
FX We thank John Bohn, Brandon Ruzic, Svetlana Kotochigova, Michael
Foss-Feig, Ana Maria Rey, Daniel Sheehy, Shah Alam, and Ian White for
useful discussions. K. R. A. H. acknowledges the Aspen Center for
Physics for its hospitality while part of this work was performed. This
work was supported with funds from the Welch foundation, Grant No.
C-1872. M. L. W. acknowledges support from the NRC postdoctoral
fellowship program.
NR 96
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD MAR 30
PY 2016
VL 116
IS 13
AR 135301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.135301
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DH9EP
UT WOS:000373099500010
PM 27081984
ER
PT J
AU Kim, G
Ahn, JB
Kryjov, VN
Sohn, SJ
Yun, WT
Graham, R
Kolli, RK
Kumar, A
Ceron, JP
AF Kim, Gayoung
Ahn, Joong-Bae
Kryjov, Vladimir N.
Sohn, Soo-Jin
Yun, Won-Tae
Graham, Richard
Kolli, Rupa K.
Kumar, Arun
Ceron, Jean-Pierre
TI Global and regional skill of the seasonal predictions by WMO Lead Centre
for Long-Range Forecast Multi-Model Ensemble
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE WMO; long-range forecasts; Global Producing Centres; Lead Centre;
seasonal forecasts; multi-model ensemble; WMO LC-LRFMME
ID TO-INTERANNUAL PREDICTION; CLIMATE FILTER; SUPERENSEMBLE; IMPROVEMENT;
PRECIPITATION; DEMETER; WEATHER; SYSTEM
AB The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Lead Centre for Long-Range Forecast Multi-Model Ensemble (WMO LC-LRFMME) has been established to collect and share long-range forecasts from the WMO designated Global Producing Centres (GPC). In this study, the seasonal skill of the deterministic multi-model prediction of GPCs in WMO LC-LRFMME is investigated. The GPC models included in the analysis cover 30 years of common hindcast period from 1981 to 2010 and real-time forecast for the period from DJF2011/2012 to SON2014. The equal-weighted multi-model ensemble (MME) method is used to produce the MME forecast. We show that the GPC models generally capture the observed climatological patterns and seasonal variations in temperature and precipitation. However, some systematic biases/errors in simulation of the climatological mean patterns and zonal mean profiles are also found, most of which are located in mid-latitudes or high latitudes. The temporal correlation coefficients both of 2 m temperature and precipitation in the tropical region (especially over the ocean) exceed 95%, but drop gradually towards high latitudes and are even negative in the polar region for precipitation. The prediction skills of individual models and the MME over 13 regional climate outlook forum (RCOF) regions for four calendar seasons are also assessed. The prediction skills vary with season and region, with the highest skill being demonstrated by the MME forecasts for the regions of the tropical RCOFs. These predictions are strongly affected by the ENSO over Pacific Islands, Southeast Asia and Central America. Additionally, Southeast of South America and North Eurasian regions show relatively low skills for all seasons when compared to other regions.
C1 [Kim, Gayoung; Kryjov, Vladimir N.; Sohn, Soo-Jin] APEC Climate Ctr, Climate Res Dept, 12 Centum 7 Ro, Busan 612020, South Korea.
[Kim, Gayoung; Ahn, Joong-Bae] Pusan Natl Univ, Div Earth Environm Syst, Pusan, South Korea.
[Yun, Won-Tae] Natl Typhoon Ctr, Korea Meteorol Adm, Seogwipo, South Korea.
[Graham, Richard] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Monthly Decadal Predict, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Kolli, Rupa K.] World Meteorol Org, World Climate Applicat & Serv Div, Geneva, Switzerland.
[Kumar, Arun] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Ceron, Jean-Pierre] Meteo France, Direct Climatol, Toulouse, France.
RP Kryjov, VN (reprint author), APEC Climate Ctr, Climate Res Dept, 12 Centum 7 Ro, Busan 612020, South Korea.
EM kryjov@yahoo.co.uk
FU APEC Climate Center; Rural Development Administration cooperative
Research Program for Agriculture and Technology Development [PJ009953];
Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development
[KMIPA2015-2081]; Republic of Korea
FX The authors appreciate the participating institutes of the WMO LC-LRFMME
multi-model ensemble operational system for providing hindcast and
forecast experimental data. G. Kim, V. Kryjov and S.-J. Sohn received
support from the APEC Climate Center. The NCEP-DOE reanalysis 2 used in
the study was obtained from the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, CO, USA
(http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/). The CAMS OPI monthly estimates were
acquired from the NOAA/CPC ftp site
(ftp://ftp.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/precip/data-req/cams_opi_v0208). This work
was conducted with the support of the Rural Development Administration
cooperative Research Program for Agriculture and Technology Development
under Grant No. PJ009953, Republic of Korea, and the Korea
Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program under
Grant KMIPA2015-2081.
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD MAR 30
PY 2016
VL 36
IS 4
BP 1657
EP 1675
DI 10.1002/joc.4449
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DG4IV
UT WOS:000372036800007
ER
PT J
AU Weijerman, M
Fulton, EA
Brainard, RE
AF Weijerman, Mariska
Fulton, Elizabeth A.
Brainard, Russell E.
TI Management Strategy Evaluation Applied to Coral Reef Ecosystems in
Support of Ecosystem-Based Management
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; MARINE RESERVES; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; BENEFITS;
DISTURBANCE; RESILIENCE; STRESSORS; DIVERSITY; SERVICES; DECLINE
AB Ecosystem modelling is increasingly used to explore ecosystem-level effects of changing environmental conditions and management actions. For coral reefs there has been increasing interest in recent decades in the use of ecosystem models for evaluating the effects of fishing and the efficacy of marine protected areas. However, ecosystem models that integrate physical forcings, biogeochemical and ecological dynamics, and human induced perturbations are still underdeveloped. We applied an ecosystem model (Atlantis) to the coral reef ecosystem of Guam using a suite of management scenarios prioritized in consultation with local resource managers to review the effects of each scenario on performance measures related to the ecosystem, the reef-fish fishery (e.g., fish landings) and coral habitat. Comparing tradeoffs across the selected scenarios showed that each scenario performed best for at least one of the selected performance indicators. The integrated 'full regulation' scenario outperformed other scenarios with four out of the six performance metrics at the cost of reef-fish landings. This model application quantifies the socio-ecological costs and benefits of alternative management scenarios. When the effects of climate change were taken into account, several scenarios performed equally well, but none prevented a collapse in coral biomass over the next few decades assuming a business-as-usual greenhouse gas emissions scenario.
C1 [Weijerman, Mariska] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Weijerman, Mariska] Wageningen Univ, Environm Syst Anal Grp, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Weijerman, Mariska; Brainard, Russell E.] NOAA, Coral Reef Ecosystem Program, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Fulton, Elizabeth A.] CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Fulton, Elizabeth A.] Univ Tasmania, Ctr Marine Socioecol, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
RP Weijerman, M (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.; Weijerman, M (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Environm Syst Anal Grp, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands.; Weijerman, M (reprint author), NOAA, Coral Reef Ecosystem Program, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
EM mariska.weijerman@noaa.gov
RI Fulton, Elizabeth/A-2871-2008
OI Fulton, Elizabeth/0000-0002-5904-7917
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; NOAA
FX Funding was provided to MW though the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration. The funder had no role in study design, data collection
and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.;
Funding was provided to MW through NOAA. We gratefully acknowledge the
staff of NOAA PIFSC CREP and PIRO Habitat Division, and staff of Guam
Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources, Coastal Management Program
and Guam University for their contributions in data and/or discussions.
We further would like to acknowledge Ivor Williams, Adel Heenan, John
Rooney, Brett Taylor for their improvements to the manuscript.
NR 54
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 14
U2 36
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAR 29
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 3
AR e0152577
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0152577
PG 17
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH9KB
UT WOS:000373113900080
PM 27023183
ER
PT J
AU Sumino, Y
Yamada, NL
Nagao, M
Honda, T
Kitahata, H
Melnichenko, YB
Seto, H
AF Sumino, Yutaka
Yamada, Norifumi L.
Nagao, Michihiro
Honda, Takuya
Kitahata, Hiroyuki
Melnichenko, Yuri B.
Seto, Hideki
TI Mechanism of Spontaneous Blebbing Motion of an Oil-Water Interface:
Elastic Stress Generated by a Lamellar-Lamellar Transition
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID ALCOHOL; SURFACTANT; CHLORIDE; SYSTEM
AB A quaternary system composed of surfactant, cosurfactant, oil, and water showing spontaneous motion of the oil-water interface-under far-from-equilibrium condition is studied in order to understand nanometer-scale structures and their roles in spontaneous motion. The interfacial motion is characterized by the repetitive. extension and retraction of spherical protrusions at the interface, i.e, blebbing motion. During, the, blebbing motion, elastic aggregates are accumulated, which were characterized as surfactant lamellar structures with mean repeat distances d of 25 to 40 nm. Still unclear is the relationship between the structure formation and, the dynamics of the interfacial motion. In the present study, we find that a new lamellar structure with d larger than. 80 run is formed at. the blebbing oil-water interface,. while the resultant elastic aggregates, which are the one reported before, have a lamellar structure with smaller d (25 to 40 nm). Such transition of lamellar structures from the larger d to smaller d is induced by a penetration of surfactants from an aqueous phase into the aggregates. We propose a model in which elastic stress generated by the transition-drives the blebbing motion at the interface. The present results explain the link between nanometer-scale transition of lamellar structure and millimeter-scale dynamics at an oil water interface.
C1 [Sumino, Yutaka] Tokyo Univ Sci, Fac Sci, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1258585, Japan.
[Yamada, Norifumi L.; Seto, Hideki] High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Inst Mat Struct Sci, KENS&CMRC, Tokai, Ibaraki 3190016, Japan.
[Nagao, Michihiro] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nagao, Michihiro] Indiana Univ, Ctr Explorat Energy & Matter, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
[Honda, Takuya] Aichi Univ Educ, Dept Educ, Kariya, Aichi 4488542, Japan.
[Kitahata, Hiroyuki] Chiba Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Chiba, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
[Melnichenko, Yuri B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Sumino, Y (reprint author), Tokyo Univ Sci, Fac Sci, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1258585, Japan.
EM ysumino@rs.tus.ac.jp
RI Kitahata, Hiroyuki/E-8635-2015;
OI Kitahata, Hiroyuki/0000-0003-3453-9883; Seto, Hideki/0000-0002-1658-3576
FU JSPS [24740287]; U.S.-Japan Cooperative Program on Neutron Scattering;
NIST, U.S. Department of Commerce [70NANB10H255]; Scientific User
Facilities Division, office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of
Energy
FX This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists B
by JSPS to Y.S. (No. 24740287) and by the U.S.-Japan Cooperative Program
on Neutron Scattering, and also performed under the Cooperative Research
Program of "Network Joint Research Center for Materials and Devices."
M.N. acknowledges the funding support of cooperative agreement
70NANB10H255 from NIST, U.S. Department of Commerce. The authors wish to
thank M. Hishida (University of Tsukuba) for helpful discussions. The
SAXS analyses were performed under the approval of the Photon Factory
Program Advisory Committee (Proposal Nos. 2013G530 and 2013G525). The
authors also extend special thanks to N. Igarashi and N. Shimizu (Photon
Factory, KEK) for their invaluable assistance in obtaining data from
beamline BL6A. The SANS analyses were performed under the approval of
the HFIR (Cycle 445 CG-2; IPTS-7094). The research at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor was sponsored by the Scientific
User Facilities Division, office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S.
Department of Energy.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD MAR 29
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 12
BP 2891
EP 2899
DI 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00107
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA DI1HO
UT WOS:000373247400006
PM 26938640
ER
PT J
AU Le, G
Luhr, H
Anderson, BJ
Strangeway, RJ
Russell, CT
Singer, H
Slavin, JA
Zhang, Y
Huang, T
Bromund, K
Chi, PJ
Lu, G
Fischer, D
Kepko, EL
Leinweber, HK
Magnes, W
Nakamura, R
Plaschke, F
Park, J
Rauberg, J
Stolle, C
Torbert, RB
AF Le, G.
Luehr, H.
Anderson, B. J.
Strangeway, R. J.
Russell, C. T.
Singer, H.
Slavin, J. A.
Zhang, Y.
Huang, T.
Bromund, K.
Chi, P. J.
Lu, G.
Fischer, D.
Kepko, E. L.
Leinweber, H. K.
Magnes, W.
Nakamura, R.
Plaschke, F.
Park, J.
Rauberg, J.
Stolle, C.
Torbert, R. B.
TI Magnetopause erosion during the 17 March 2015 magnetic storm: Combined
field-aligned currents, auroral oval, and magnetopause observations
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetopause erosion; magnetic reconnection; field-aligned currents;
Birkland currents; auroral oval; solar wind-magnetosphere interaction
ID SOLAR-WIND CONTROL; DAYSIDE MAGNETOSPHERE; BIRKELAND CURRENTS;
MAGNETOMETER DATA; FLUX TRANSFER; SHAPE; LOCATION; SYSTEM; MOTION; ANGLE
AB We present multimission observations of field-aligned currents, auroral oval, and magnetopause crossings during the 17 March 2015 magnetic storm. Dayside reconnection is expected to transport magnetic flux, strengthen field-aligned currents, lead to polar cap expansion and magnetopause erosion. Our multimission observations assemble evidence for all these manifestations. After a prolonged period of strongly southward interplanetary magnetic field, Swarm and AMPERE observe significant intensification of field-aligned currents. The dayside auroral oval, as seen by DMSP, appears as a thin arc associated with ongoing dayside reconnection. Both the field-aligned currents and the auroral arc move equatorward reaching as low as similar to 60 degrees magnetic latitude. Strong magnetopause erosion is evident in the in situ measurements of the magnetopause crossings by GOES 13/15 and MMS. The coordinated Swarm, AMPERE, DMSP, MMS and GOES observations, with both global and in situ coverage of the key regions, provide a clear demonstration of the effects of dayside reconnection on the entire magnetosphere.
C1 [Le, G.; Bromund, K.; Kepko, E. L.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Luehr, H.; Huang, T.; Rauberg, J.; Stolle, C.] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Potsdam, Germany.
[Anderson, B. J.; Zhang, Y.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA.
[Strangeway, R. J.; Russell, C. T.; Chi, P. J.; Leinweber, H. K.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys & Earth, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Strangeway, R. J.; Russell, C. T.; Chi, P. J.; Leinweber, H. K.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Singer, H.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Slavin, J. A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Climate & Space Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Lu, G.] UCAR, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO USA.
[Fischer, D.; Magnes, W.; Nakamura, R.; Plaschke, F.] Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
[Park, J.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon, South Korea.
[Torbert, R. B.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Phys, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Le, G (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Guan.Le@nasa.gov
RI Nakamura, Rumi/I-7712-2013; Le, Guan/C-9524-2012; NASA MMS, Science
Team/J-5393-2013; Slavin, James/H-3170-2012; Zhang,
Yongliang/C-2180-2016
OI Nakamura, Rumi/0000-0002-2620-9211; Le, Guan/0000-0002-9504-5214; NASA
MMS, Science Team/0000-0002-9504-5214; Slavin,
James/0000-0002-9206-724X; Zhang, Yongliang/0000-0003-4851-1662
FU NSF [ATM-0739864, ATM-1420184]
FX We thank O. Le Contel and S. Petrinec for useful discussions. AMPERE
development, data acquisition, and science processing were supported by
NSF awards ATM-0739864 and ATM-1420184 to JHU/APL, and all products used
here are available via http://ampere.jhuapl.edu. We thank the JHU/APL
SSUSI team for providing the DMSP F18 SSUSI auroral data. The European
Space Agency is acknowledged for providing the Swarm data. The Swarm
data used in this paper are freely accessible at
https://earth.esa.int/guest/swarm/data-access. We acknowledge use of
NASA/GSFC's Space Physics Data Facility's CDAWeb service for obtaining
the ACE interplanetary magnetic field data, ACE solar wind plasma data,
and the SYM-H index. We acknowledge use of NOAA Space Weather Prediction
Center for obtaining GOES magnetometer data. We thank the entire team of
NASA's MMS mission for the dedication and expertise in its successful
development and operations.
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2396
EP 2404
DI 10.1002/2016GL068257
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DK1TM
UT WOS:000374697200008
ER
PT J
AU Maruyama, N
Sun, YY
Richards, PG
Middlecoff, J
Fang, TW
Fuller-Rowell, TJ
Akmaev, RA
Liu, JY
Valladares, CE
AF Maruyama, Naomi
Sun, Yang-Yi
Richards, Phillip G.
Middlecoff, Jacques
Fang, Tzu-Wei
Fuller-Rowell, Timothy J.
Akmaev, Rashid A.
Liu, Jaun-Yeng
Valladares, Cesar E.
TI A new source of the midlatitude ionospheric peak density structure
revealed by a new Ionosphere-Plasmasphere model
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE midlatitude ionosphere; new plasma density peak; new ionosphere model
ID EQUATORIAL F-REGION; ATMOSPHERE; WINDS
AB The newly developed Ionosphere-Plasmasphere (IP) model has revealed neutral winds as a primary source of the third-peak density structure in the daytime global ionosphere that has been observed by the low-latitude ionospheric sensor network GPS total electron content measurements over South America. This third peak is located near -30 degrees magnetic latitude and is clearly separate from the conventional twin equatorial ionization anomaly peaks. The IP model reproduces the global electron density structure as observed by the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC mission. The model reveals that the third peak is mainly created by the prevailing neutral meridional wind, which flows from the summer hemisphere to the winter hemisphere lifting the plasma along magnetic field lines to higher altitudes where recombination is slower. The same prevailing wind that increases the midlatitude density decreases the low-latitude density in the summer hemisphere by counteracting the equatorial fountain flow. The longitudinal variation of the three-peak structure is explained by the displacement between the geographic and geomagnetic equators.
C1 [Maruyama, Naomi; Sun, Yang-Yi; Fang, Tzu-Wei; Fuller-Rowell, Timothy J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Maruyama, Naomi; Sun, Yang-Yi; Fang, Tzu-Wei; Fuller-Rowell, Timothy J.; Akmaev, Rashid A.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Sun, Yang-Yi; Liu, Jaun-Yeng] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Space Sci, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
[Richards, Phillip G.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Middlecoff, Jacques] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Middlecoff, Jacques] NOAA, Global Syst Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Valladares, Cesar E.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
RP Maruyama, N (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Maruyama, N (reprint author), NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
EM naomi.maruyama@noaa.gov
RI Liu, Jann-Yenq/Q-1668-2015
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [ATM-1103149, ATM-1042258,
ATM-1452298]; NASA [NNX13AF77G, NNX16AB83G, NNX15AI90G]; Taiwan National
Science Council (NSC) [NSC 102-2628-M-008-001]; Air Force Research
Laboratory [FA8718-09-C-0041]; NSF [ATM-1135675, ATM-1242476]; NASA LWS
[NNX11AP02G]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation (NSF grant ATM-1103149, ATM-1042258, and ATM-1452298), NASA
awards NNX13AF77G and NNX16AB83G to the University of Colorado at
Boulder, and the Taiwan National Science Council (NSC) grant NSC
102-2628-M-008-001. The authors thank COSMIC Data Analysis and Archival
Center (CDAAC) and Taiwan Analysis Center for COSMIC (TACC) for making
the F3/C data available online. Cesar E. Valladares was partially
supported by Air Force Research Laboratory contract FA8718-09-C-0041,
NSF grants ATM-1135675 and ATM-1242476, and NASA LWS grant NNX11AP02G.
Phillip G. Richards was supported by NASA grant NNX15AI90G to George
Mason University.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2429
EP 2435
DI 10.1002/2015GL067312
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DK1TM
UT WOS:000374697200012
ER
PT J
AU Baddock, MC
Ginoux, P
Bullard, JE
Gill, TE
AF Baddock, Matthew C.
Ginoux, Paul
Bullard, Joanna E.
Gill, Thomas E.
TI Do MODIS-defined dust sources have a geomorphological signature?
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE aerosol; dust; MODIS; geomorphology
ID CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; MOJAVE DESERT; IMPACTS; COVER; USA; DEPOSITION;
CALIFORNIA; PARTICLES; SYSTEM; STORM
AB The preferential dust source (PDS) scheme enables large-scale mapping of geomorphology in terms of importance for dust emissions but has not been independently tested other than at local scales. We examine the PDS qualitative conceptual model of surface emissivity alongside a quantitative measurement of dust loading from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Deep Blue Collection 6 for the Chihuahuan Desert. The predicted ranked importance of each geomorphic type for dust emissions is compared with the actual ranked importance as determined from the satellite-derived dust loading. For this region, the predicted variability and magnitude of dust emissions from most surface types present coincides with the observed characteristics demonstrating the significance of geomorphological controls on emission. The exception is for areas of low magnitude but persistent emissions such as alluvial surfaces where PDS overpredicts dustiness. As PDS is a good predictor of emissions and incorporates surface dynamics it could improve models of future dust emissions.
C1 [Baddock, Matthew C.; Bullard, Joanna E.] Univ Loughborough, Dept Geog, Loughborough, Leics, England.
[Ginoux, Paul] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Gill, Thomas E.] Univ Texas El Paso, Environm Sci & Engn Program, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Gill, Thomas E.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Geol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
RP Baddock, MC (reprint author), Univ Loughborough, Dept Geog, Loughborough, Leics, England.
EM m.c.baddock@lboro.ac.uk
RI Baddock, Matthew/A-5739-2012; Ginoux, Paul/C-2326-2008;
OI Baddock, Matthew/0000-0003-1490-7511; Ginoux, Paul/0000-0003-3642-2988;
Gill, Thomas E/0000-0001-9011-4105
FU NOAA R2O NGGPS grant; NOAA [NA17AE1623, NA17AE1625]
FX Partially supported by a NOAA R2O NGGPS grant (P.G.) and NOAA
cooperative agreements NA17AE1623 and NA17AE1625 (T.G.). The authors are
grateful to Miguel Dominguez Acosta for discussions. MODIS C6 Deep Blue
is available at the Level-1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution
System (LAADS) Distributed Active Archive Center
(https://ladsweb.nascom.nasa.gov). We thank Carlos Perez Garcia-Pando
and an anonymous reviewer for comments.
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 6
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2606
EP 2613
DI 10.1002/2015GL067327
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DK1TM
UT WOS:000374697200034
ER
PT J
AU Kieber, DJ
Keene, WC
Frossard, AA
Long, MS
Maben, JR
Russell, LM
Kinsey, JD
Tyssebotn, IMB
Quinn, PK
Bates, TS
AF Kieber, David J.
Keene, William C.
Frossard, Amanda A.
Long, Michael S.
Maben, John R.
Russell, Lynn M.
Kinsey, Joanna D.
Tyssebotn, Inger Marie B.
Quinn, Patricia K.
Bates, Timothy S.
TI Coupled ocean-atmosphere loss of marine refractory dissolved organic
carbon
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE photochemistry; Sargasso; marine aerosol; marine carbon cycle; marine
surfactant; DOC
ID SEA-SPRAY AEROSOL; SIDE-SCAN SONAR; PACIFIC-OCEAN; MATTER ENRICHMENT;
BOUNDARY-LAYER; BREAKING WAVES; SIZE; SALT; EMISSIONS; SEAWATER
AB The oceans hold a massive quantity of organic carbon, nearly all of which is dissolved and more than 95% is refractory, cycling through the oceans several times before complete removal. The vast reservoir of refractory dissolved organic carbon (RDOC) is a critical component of the global carbon cycle that is relevant to our understanding of fundamental marine biogeochemical processes and the role of the oceans in climate change with respect to long-term storage and sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Here we show that RDOC includes surface-active organic matter that can be incorporated into primary marine aerosol produced by bursting bubbles at the sea surface. We propose that this process will deliver RDOC from the sea surface to the atmosphere wherein its photochemical oxidation corresponds to a potentially important and hitherto unknown removal mechanism for marine RDOC.
C1 [Kieber, David J.; Kinsey, Joanna D.; Tyssebotn, Inger Marie B.] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Chem, Syracuse, NY USA.
[Keene, William C.; Maben, John R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Clark Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Frossard, Amanda A.; Russell, Lynn M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Frossard, Amanda A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Long, Michael S.] Harvard Univ, John A Paulson Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kinsey, Joanna D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Quinn, Patricia K.; Bates, Timothy S.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Bates, Timothy S.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Kieber, DJ (reprint author), SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Chem, Syracuse, NY USA.
EM djkieber@esf.edu
RI Bates, Timothy/L-6080-2016; Quinn, Patricia/R-1493-2016
OI Quinn, Patricia/0000-0003-0337-4895
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0948216, OCE-1129896]; University of
Virginia [OCE-0948420, OCE-1129836]; Scripps Institution of Oceanography
[OCE-1129580]; Harvard University [AGS-1252755]; NOAA Atmospheric
Composition and Climate Program
FX Data and analyses reported in this study are available upon request from
the authors. We thank G. Henderson, D. Coffman, K. Schulz, D. Hamilton,
J. Johnson, and M. Haserodt for their assistance in sample collection
and analysis; V. Trainer for the loan and calibration of the
fluorometer; X. Lopez-Yglesias and F. Brechtel of Brechtel Manufacturing
for their timely assistance with data inversions; and the captains and
crews of the NOAA R/V Ronald H. Brown and the UNOLS R/V Atlantis for
logistical support; and to three anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments that improved this manuscript. Financial support
for this work was provided by the National Science Foundation through
awards to the State University of New York, College of Environmental
Science and Forestry (OCE-0948216 and OCE-1129896), University of
Virginia (OCE-0948420 and OCE-1129836), Scripps Institution of
Oceanography (OCE-1129580), and Harvard University (AGS-1252755).
Additional support was provided by the NOAA Atmospheric Composition and
Climate Program.
NR 49
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2765
EP 2772
DI 10.1002/2016GL068273
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DK1TM
UT WOS:000374697200053
ER
PT J
AU Guzman-Morales, J
Gershunov, A
Theiss, J
Li, HQ
Cayan, D
AF Guzman-Morales, Janin
Gershunov, Alexander
Theiss, Jurgen
Li, Haiqin
Cayan, Daniel
TI Santa Ana Winds of Southern California: Their climatology, extremes, and
behavior spanning six and a half decades
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Santa Ana Winds; regional weather; extremes; climate variability
ID VARIABILITY; OSCILLATION; REANALYSIS; REGIMES
AB Santa Ana Winds (SAWs) are an integral feature of the regional climate of Southern California/Northern Baja California region, but their climate-scale behavior is poorly understood. In the present work, we identify SAWs in mesoscale dynamical downscaling of a global reanalysis from 1948 to 2012. Model winds are validated with anemometer observations. SAWs exhibit an organized pattern with strongest easterly winds on westward facing downwind slopes and muted magnitudes at sea and over desert lowlands. We construct hourly local and regional SAW indices and analyze elements of their behavior on daily, annual, and multidecadal timescales. SAWs occurrences peak in winter, but some of the strongest winds have occurred in fall. Finally, we observe that SAW intensity is influenced by prominent large-scale low-frequency modes of climate variability rooted in the tropical and north Pacific ocean-atmosphere system.
C1 [Guzman-Morales, Janin; Gershunov, Alexander; Cayan, Daniel] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Theiss, Jurgen] Theiss Res, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Li, Haiqin] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Li, Haiqin] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Cayan, Daniel] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Guzman-Morales, J (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM jguzmanmorales@ucsd.edu
FU CONACYT-UCMEXUS [214550]; Climate Education Partners, a National Science
Foundation [DUE-1239797]; NOAA's California and Nevada Applications
Program [NA11OAR43101]
FX We are grateful to CONACYT-UCMEXUS (http://ucmexus.ucr.edu/) for
providing financial support to Janin Guzman-Morales (scholar 214550). We
also appreciate support from Climate Education Partners, a National
Science Foundation funded project DUE-1239797
(www.sandiego.edu/climate). This study also contributes to DOI's
Southwest Climate Science Center activities and NOAA's California and
Nevada Applications Program award NA11OAR43101. The derived gridded data
of local SAWs as well as the SAWRI can be accessed at
http://cnap.ucsd.edu/data/janin/.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2827
EP 2834
DI 10.1002/2016GL067887
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DK1TM
UT WOS:000374697200060
ER
PT J
AU Merlis, TM
Zhou, WY
Held, IM
Zhao, M
AF Merlis, Timothy M.
Zhou, Wenyu
Held, Isaac M.
Zhao, Ming
TI Surface temperature dependence of tropical cyclone-permitting
simulations in a spherical model with uniform thermal forcing
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE tropical cyclones; climate
ID RADIATIVE-CONVECTIVE EQUILIBRIUM; GCM; SENSITIVITY; RESOLUTION;
VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; CLIMATOLOGY; PHYSICS
AB Tropical cyclone (TC)-permitting general circulation model simulations are performed with spherical geometry and uniform thermal forcing, including uniform sea surface temperature (SST) and insolation. The dependence of the TC number and TC intensity on SST is examined in a series of simulations with varied SST. The results are compared to corresponding simulations with doubly periodic f-plane geometry, rotating radiative convective equilibrium. The turbulent equilibria in simulations with spherical geometry have an inhomogenous distribution of TCs with the density of TCs increasing from low to high latitudes. The preferred region of TC genesis is the subtropics, but genesis shifts poleward and becomes less frequent with increasing SST. Both rotating radiative convective equilibrium and spherical geometry simulations have decreasing TC number and increasing TC intensity as SST is increased.
C1 [Merlis, Timothy M.] McGill Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Zhou, Wenyu] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Held, Isaac M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Zhao, Ming] UCAR, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Merlis, TM (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
EM timothy.merlis@mcgill.ca
RI Zhao, Ming/C-6928-2014
FU DOE [DE-SC0006841]; Compute Canada; Natural Science and Engineering
Research Council [RGPIN-2014-05416]
FX We acknowledge two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments
and are grateful for the support of DOE grant DE-SC0006841, Compute
Canada, and Natural Science and Engineering Research Council grant
RGPIN-2014-05416. T.M. thanks Ian Eisenman for his encouragement and
Morgan O'Neill for her helpful discussions. The model source code and
simulation results are available upon request.
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2859
EP 2865
DI 10.1002/2016GL067730
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DK1TM
UT WOS:000374697200064
ER
PT J
AU Rollins, AW
Thornberry, TD
Gao, RS
Woods, S
Lawson, RP
Bui, TP
Jensen, EJ
Fahey, DW
AF Rollins, A. W.
Thornberry, T. D.
Gao, R. S.
Woods, S.
Lawson, R. P.
Bui, T. P.
Jensen, E. J.
Fahey, D. W.
TI Observational constraints on the efficiency of dehydration mechanisms in
the tropical tropopause layer
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE cirrus; dehydration; TTL; stratospheric water vapor
ID STRATOSPHERIC WATER-VAPOR; HOMOGENEOUS ICE NUCLEATION; CIRRUS CLOUDS;
SUBVISIBLE CIRRUS; CRYSTAL NUMBERS; TRANSPORT; IMPACT; PROBE
AB The efficiency of dehydration in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) determines how closely water vapor will be reduced to the lowest saturation mixing ratio encountered along a trajectory to the stratosphere, thereby strongly influencing stratospheric humidity. The NASA Airborne Tropical Tropopause Experiment (ATTREX) provided an unprecedented number and quality of in situ observations to constrain the key mechanisms controlling this dehydration. Statistical analyses of the ATTREX data show that nucleation, growth, and sedimentation each result in TTL dehydration becoming increasingly inefficient at temperatures below 200K. Because of these inefficiencies, models that ignore these mechanisms likely underestimate water vapor at the stratospheric entry point by 10-20% at the lowest temperatures.
C1 [Rollins, A. W.; Thornberry, T. D.; Gao, R. S.; Fahey, D. W.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Rollins, A. W.; Thornberry, T. D.; Fahey, D. W.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Woods, S.; Lawson, R. P.] SPEC Inc, Boulder, CO USA.
[Bui, T. P.; Jensen, E. J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
RP Rollins, AW (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.; Rollins, AW (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM Andrew.Rollins@noaa.gov
RI Fahey, David/G-4499-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Fahey, David/0000-0003-1720-0634;
FU NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry; Carbon Cycle; Climate Program; NASA Airborne
Tropical Tropopause Experiment; NASA Radiation Sciences Program
FX We thank the Armstrong Flight Research Center Global Hawk crew and
pilots for making these measurements possible. This research was funded
by the NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle, and Climate Program,
the NASA Airborne Tropical Tropopause Experiment, and the NASA Radiation
Sciences Program. Data used in this analysis are archived by NASA
(https://espoarchive.nasa.gov/archive/browse/attrex).
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2912
EP 2918
DI 10.1002/2016GL067972
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DK1TM
UT WOS:000374697200071
ER
PT J
AU Guan, B
Waliser, DE
Ralph, FM
Fetzer, EJ
Neiman, PJ
AF Guan, Bin
Waliser, Duane E.
Ralph, F. Martin
Fetzer, Eric J.
Neiman, Paul J.
TI Hydrometeorological characteristics of rain-on-snow events associated
with atmospheric rivers
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE atmospheric rivers; rain-on-snow; hydrometeorological characteristics
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; SIERRA-NEVADA;
PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; SATELLITE; LANDFALLS; IMPACTS; SEASON; RADAR
AB Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are narrow, elongated, synoptic corridors of enhanced water vapor transport that play an important role in regional weather/hydrology. Rain-on-snow (ROS) events during ARs present enhanced flood risks due to the combined effects of rainfall and snowmelt. Focusing on California's Sierra Nevada, the study identifies ROS occurrences and their connection with ARs during the 1998-2014 winters. AR conditions, which occur during 17% of all precipitation events, are associated with 50% of ROS events (25 of 50). Composite analysis shows that compared to ARs without ROS, ARs with ROS are on average warmer by 2K, with snow water equivalent loss of 0.7cm/d (providing 20% of the combined water available for runoff) and 50% larger streamflow/precipitation ratios. Atmospheric Infrared Sounder retrievals reveal distinct offshore characteristics of the two types of ARs. The results highlight the potential value of observing these events for snow, rain, and flood prediction.
C1 [Guan, Bin; Waliser, Duane E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Guan, Bin; Waliser, Duane E.; Fetzer, Eric J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Ralph, F. Martin] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Western Weather & Water Extremes, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Neiman, Paul J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Phys Sci Div, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Guan, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA.; Guan, B (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
EM bin.guan@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Guan, Bin/F-6735-2010
FU NASA Energy and Water cycle Study (NEWS) program; California Department
of Water Resources
FX This research was supported by the NASA Energy and Water cycle Study
(NEWS) program and the California Department of Water Resources. D.E.
W.'s and E.J.F.'s contributions to this study were carried out on behalf
of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
and F.M.R.'s at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, under a contract
with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2964
EP 2973
DI 10.1002/2016GL067978
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DK1TM
UT WOS:000374697200077
ER
PT J
AU Verma, VB
Lita, AE
Stevens, MJ
Mirin, RP
Nam, SW
AF Verma, V. B.
Lita, A. E.
Stevens, M. J.
Mirin, R. P.
Nam, S. W.
TI Athermal avalanche in bilayer superconducting nanowire single-photon
detectors
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME
AB We demonstrate that two superconducting nanowires separated by a thin insulating barrier can undergo an avalanche process. In this process, Joule heating caused by a photodetection event in one nanowire and the associated production of athermal phonons which are transmitted through the barrier cause the transition of the adjacent nanowire from the superconducting to the normal state. We show that this process can be utilized in the fabrication of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, reduce system jitter, maximize device area, and increase the external efficiency over a very broad range of wavelengths. Furthermore, the avalanche mechanism may provide a path towards a superconducting logic element based on athermal gating.
C1 [Verma, V. B.; Lita, A. E.; Stevens, M. J.; Mirin, R. P.; Nam, S. W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Verma, VB (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM verma@nist.gov
FU DARPA InPho program; QUINESS program
FX NIST funding provided by the DARPA InPho and QUINESS programs.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 108
IS 13
AR 131108
DI 10.1063/1.4945595
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DI6IC
UT WOS:000373601400008
ER
PT J
AU Gaury, B
Haney, PM
AF Gaury, Benoit
Haney, Paul M.
TI Probing surface recombination velocities in semiconductors using
two-photon microscopy
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MINORITY-CARRIER LIFETIME; SOLAR-CELLS; DECAY; BULK; FILM
AB The determination of minority-carrier lifetimes and surface recombination velocities is essential for the development of semiconductor technologies such as solar cells. The recent development of two-photon time-resolved microscopy allows for better measurements of bulk and subsurface interfaces properties. Here, we analyze the diffusion problem related to this optical technique. Our three-dimensional treatment enables us to separate lifetime (recombination) from transport effects (diffusion) in the photoluminescence intensity. It also allows us to consider surface recombination occurring at a variety of geometries: a single plane (representing an isolated exposed or buried interface), a two parallel planes (representing two inequivalent interfaces), and a spherical surface (representing the enclosing surface of a grain boundary). We provide fully analytical results and scalings directly amenable to data fitting and apply those to experimental data collected on heteroepitaxial CdTe/ZnTe/Si. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Gaury, Benoit; Haney, Paul M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gaury, Benoit] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Gaury, B (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Gaury, B (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
FU University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards
and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the
University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]
FX The authors thank D. Kuciauskas for providing the experimental data used
in Sec. III. B.G. acknowledges support under the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
Award No. 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland.
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 15
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 119
IS 12
AR 125105
DI 10.1063/1.4944597
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DI6II
UT WOS:000373602000050
ER
PT J
AU Fellmuth, B
Fischer, J
Machin, G
Picard, S
Steur, PPM
Tamura, O
White, DR
Yoon, H
AF Fellmuth, B.
Fischer, J.
Machin, G.
Picard, S.
Steur, P. P. M.
Tamura, O.
White, D. R.
Yoon, H.
TI The kelvin redefinition and its mise en pratique
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL
AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE International System of Units; kelvin; mise en pratique; temperature;
temperature scale; thermodynamic temperature
ID SENSING NOISE THERMOMETRY; ACOUSTIC THERMOMETRY; TEMPERATURE SCALE; GAS
THERMOMETRY; PLTS-2000; CONSTANT
AB In 2018, it is expected that there will be a major revision of the International System of Units (SI) which will result in all of the seven base units being defined by fixing the values of certain atomic or fundamental constants. As part of this revision, the kelvin, unit of thermodynamic temperature, will be redefined by assigning a value to the Boltzmann constant k. This explicit-constant definition will define the kelvin in terms of the SI derived unit of energy, the joule. It is sufficiently wide to encompass any form of thermometry. The planned redefinition has motivated the creation of an extended mise en pratique ('practical realization') of the definition of the kelvin (MeP-K), which describes how the new definition can be put into practice. The MeP-K incorporates both of the defined International Temperature Scales (ITS-90 and PLTS-2000) in current use and approved primary-thermometry methods for determining thermodynamic temperature values. The MeP-K is a guide that provides or makes reference to the information needed to perform measurements of temperature in accord with the SI at the highest level. In this article, the background and the content of the extended second version of the MeP-K are presented.
C1 [Fellmuth, B.; Fischer, J.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Dept Temp 7 4, Berlin, Germany.
[Machin, G.] Natl Phys Lab, Engn Measurement, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Picard, S.] Bur Int Poids & Mesures, Sevres, France.
[Steur, P. P. M.] Ist Nazl Ric Metrol INRIM, Turin, Italy.
[Tamura, O.] AIST, Natl Metrol Inst Japan, Ibaraki, Japan.
[White, D. R.] Measurement Stand Lab New Zealand MSL, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
[Yoon, H.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fellmuth, B (reprint author), Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Dept Temp 7 4, Berlin, Germany.
EM bernd.fellmuth@ptb.de
NR 29
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 4
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
EI 1471-2962
J9 PHILOS T R SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 374
IS 2064
AR 20150037
DI 10.1098/rsta.2015.0037
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH1OB
UT WOS:000372553400001
PM 26903103
ER
PT J
AU Woolliams, ER
Anhalt, K
Ballico, M
Bloembergen, P
Bourson, F
Briaudeau, S
Campos, J
Cox, MG
del Campo, D
Dong, W
Dury, MR
Gavrilov, V
Grigoryeva, I
Hernanz, ML
Jahan, F
Khlevnoy, B
Khromchenko, V
Lowe, DH
Lu, X
Machin, G
Mantilla, JM
Martin, MJ
McEvoy, HC
Rougie, B
Sadli, M
Salim, SGR
Sasajima, N
Taubert, DR
Todd, ADW
Van den Bossche, R
van der Ham, E
Wang, T
Whittam, A
Wilthan, B
Woods, DJ
Woodward, JT
Yamada, Y
Yamaguchi, Y
Yoon, HW
Yuan, Z
AF Woolliams, E. R.
Anhalt, K.
Ballico, M.
Bloembergen, P.
Bourson, F.
Briaudeau, S.
Campos, J.
Cox, M. G.
del Campo, D.
Dong, W.
Dury, M. R.
Gavrilov, V.
Grigoryeva, I.
Hernanz, M. L.
Jahan, F.
Khlevnoy, B.
Khromchenko, V.
Lowe, D. H.
Lu, X.
Machin, G.
Mantilla, J. M.
Martin, M. J.
McEvoy, H. C.
Rougie, B.
Sadli, M.
Salim, S. G. R.
Sasajima, N.
Taubert, D. R.
Todd, A. D. W.
Van den Bossche, R.
van der Ham, E.
Wang, T.
Whittam, A.
Wilthan, B.
Woods, D. J.
Woodward, J. T.
Yamada, Y.
Yamaguchi, Y.
Yoon, H. W.
Yuan, Z.
TI Thermodynamic temperature assignment to the point of inflection of the
melting curve of high-temperature fixed points
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL
AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE high-temperature fixed points; thermodynamic temperature; thermometry;
temperature scale; kelvin; eutectics
ID CARBON EUTECTIC POINTS; CO-C; FURNACE UNIFORMITY; FILTER RADIOMETERS;
PT-C; THERMOMETRY; UNCERTAINTY; CALIBRATION; PLATEAUS; ITS-90
AB The thermodynamic temperature of the point of inflection of the melting transition of Re-C, Pt-C and Co-C eutectics has been determined to be 2747.84 +/- 0.35 K, 2011.43 +/- 0.18K and 1597.39 +/- 0.13 K, respectively, and the thermodynamic temperature of the freezing transition of Cu has been determined to be 1357.80 +/- 0.08 K, where the +/- symbol represents 95% coverage. These results are the best consensus estimates obtained from measurements made using various spectroradiometric primary thermometry techniques by nine different national metrology institutes. The good agreement between the institutes suggests that spectroradiometric thermometry techniques are sufficiently mature (at least in those institutes) to allow the direct realization of thermodynamic temperature above 1234K (rather than the use of a temperature scale) and that metal-carbon eutectics can be used as high-temperature fixed points for thermodynamic temperature dissemination. The results directly support the developing mise en pratique for the definition of the kelvin to include direct measurement of thermodynamic temperature.
C1 [Woolliams, E. R.; Cox, M. G.; Dury, M. R.; Lowe, D. H.; Machin, G.; McEvoy, H. C.; Whittam, A.] Natl Phys Lab, Hampton Rd, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Anhalt, K.; Taubert, D. R.; Wilthan, B.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Abbestr 2-12, D-10587 Berlin, Germany.
[Ballico, M.; Jahan, F.; van der Ham, E.] Natl Measurement Inst Australia, Temp Stand, Bradfield Rd, West Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia.
[Bloembergen, P.; Sasajima, N.; Yamada, Y.; Yamaguchi, Y.] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Natl Metrol Inst Japan, Res Inst Phys Measurement, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058563, Japan.
[Bloembergen, P.; Dong, W.; Lu, X.] Natl Inst Metrol, Div Thermophys & Proc Measurements, 18 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Bourson, F.; Briaudeau, S.; Rougie, B.; Sadli, M.] Lab Commun Metrol LNE Cnam, High Temp Metrol Dept, 61 Rue Landy, F-93210 St Denis, France.
[Campos, J.; Hernanz, M. L.] CSIC, Spanish Natl Res Council, Opt Inst, Serrano 144, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
[del Campo, D.; Mantilla, J. M.; Martin, M. J.] Ctr Espanol Metrol, C del Alfar 2, Tres Cantos 28760, Spain.
[Gavrilov, V.; Grigoryeva, I.; Khlevnoy, B.] All Russian Res Inst Opt & Phys Measurements VNII, Ozernaya 46, Moscow 119361, Russia.
[Khromchenko, V.; Woodward, J. T.; Yoon, H. W.] NIST, Sensor Sci Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Salim, S. G. R.] Natl Inst Stand, Radiometry & Photometry Div, POB 136,President Sadat St, Giza, Egypt.
[Todd, A. D. W.; Woods, D. J.] Natl Res Council Canada, 1200 Montreal Rd, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
[Van den Bossche, R.] Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England.
[Wilthan, B.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Woolliams, ER (reprint author), Natl Phys Lab, Hampton Rd, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
EM emma.woolliams@npl.co.uk
RI Campos-Acosta, Joaquin/B-2119-2008; Woolliams, Emma/A-2404-2014;
OI Campos-Acosta, Joaquin/0000-0001-6527-1440; Van den Bossche,
Rafael/0000-0002-7278-7549; Woolliams, Emma/0000-0003-3517-1486; Sadli,
Mohamed/0000-0001-8792-4115
FU European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP); EMRP within EURAMET;
European Union; National Key Technology Support Program [2006BAF06B03];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [51206151]; National
Research Council Canada; Ministry of Education and Science of the
Russian Federation [RFMEFI59214X0001]
FX National Physical Laboratory, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, LCM
LNE-Cnam, Spanish National Research Council, Centro Espanol de
Metrologia acknowledge funding from the European Metrology Research
Programme (EMRP) through which the Implementing the new kelvin (INK)
project was funded. The EMRP is jointly funded by the EMRP participating
countries within EURAMET and the European Union. National Institute of
Metrology acknowledges the support from the National Key Technology
Support Program (no 2006BAF06B03) and the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (no 51206151). A.D.W.T. and D.J.W. acknowledge
funding by the National Research Council Canada. The All-Russian
Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements acknowledges
funding from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian
Federation (identification number RFMEFI59214X0001).
NR 54
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 6
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
EI 1471-2962
J9 PHILOS T R SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 374
IS 2064
AR 20150044
DI 10.1098/rsta.2015.0044
PG 22
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH1OB
UT WOS:000372553400006
PM 26903099
ER
PT J
AU Yoon, HW
Khromchenko, VB
Eppeldauer, GP
Gibson, CE
Woodward, JT
Shaw, PS
Lykke, KR
AF Yoon, H. W.
Khromchenko, V. B.
Eppeldauer, G. P.
Gibson, C. E.
Woodward, J. T.
Shaw, P. S.
Lykke, K. R.
TI Towards high-accuracy primary spectral radiometry from 400 K to 1300 K
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL
AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE radiometry; radiation thermometry; temperature scale; thermodynamic
temperature
ID PHOTODIODES
AB We describe the design, construction, calibration and use of a near-infrared thermodynamic radiation thermometer to measure blackbodies from 400K to 1300 K. The motivation for this work is the pending redefinition of the kelvin and the need for direct, thermodynamic temperature measurements of the fixed-point blackbodies presently used in the realization of the temperature scale. The challenges of accurately measuring Planck radiances which vary greatly in radiance level and spectral shape are discussed. Methods to characterize the components used in the radiation thermometer design are described. The use of this radiation thermometer as a relative primary thermometer and the resulting residuals are shown. We describe radiometric calibration procedures for using the radiation thermometer as an absolute primary thermometer. Preliminary data showing the initial radiometric calibration steps are discussed.
C1 [Yoon, H. W.; Khromchenko, V. B.; Eppeldauer, G. P.; Gibson, C. E.; Woodward, J. T.; Shaw, P. S.; Lykke, K. R.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yoon, HW (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM hyoon@nist.gov
OI Woodward, John/0000-0001-7719-3187
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
EI 1471-2962
J9 PHILOS T R SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 374
IS 2064
AR 20150045
DI 10.1098/rsta.2015.0045
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH1OB
UT WOS:000372553400007
PM 26903100
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, K
Feng, XJ
Gillis, K
Moldover, M
Zhang, JT
Lin, H
Qu, JF
Duan, YN
AF Zhang, K.
Feng, X. J.
Gillis, K.
Moldover, M.
Zhang, J. T.
Lin, H.
Qu, J. F.
Duan, Y. N.
TI Acoustic and microwave tests in a cylindrical cavity for acoustic gas
thermometry at high temperature
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL
AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE cylindrical acoustic gas thermometer; waveguide; acoustic resonator;
microwave resonator; thermodynamic temperature
ID BOLTZMANN CONSTANT; TRIPLE POINT; 273 K; RESONATOR; PROGRESS; ARGON;
VISCOMETER; DENSITY; MERCURY; HELIUM
AB Relative primary acoustic gas thermometry (AGT) determines the ratios of thermodynamic temperatures from measured ratios of acoustic and microwave resonance frequencies in a gas-filled metal cavity on isotherms of interest. When measured in a cavity with known dimensions, the frequencies of acoustic resonances in a gas determine the speed of sound, which is a known function of the thermodynamic temperature T. Changes in the dimensions of the cavity are measured using the frequencies of the cavity's microwave resonances. We explored techniques and materials for AGT at high temperatures using a cylindrical cavity with remote acoustic transducers. We used gas-filled ducts as acoustic waveguides to transmit sound between the cavity at high temperatures and the acoustic transducers at room temperature. We measured non-degenerate acoustic modes in a cylindrical cavity in the range 295K < T < 797 K. The fractional uncertainty of the measured acoustic frequencies increased from 2 x 10(-6) at 295K to 5 x 10(-6) at 797 K. In addition, we measured the frequencies of several transverse magnetic (TM) microwave resonances up to 1000K in order to track changes in the cavity's length L and radius R. The fractional standard deviation of the values of L deduced from three TM modes increased from 3 x 10(-6) for T < 600K to 57x10(-6) at 1000 K. We observed similar inconsistencies in a previous study.
C1 [Zhang, K.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Thermal Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, K.; Feng, X. J.; Moldover, M.; Zhang, J. T.; Lin, H.; Qu, J. F.; Duan, Y. N.] Natl Inst Metrol, Div Thermophys & Proc Measurements, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Gillis, K.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, JT (reprint author), Natl Inst Metrol, Div Thermophys & Proc Measurements, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
EM zhangjint@nim.ac.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51476153, 51276175,
61372041]; Fundamental Research Program of NIM [AKY1401]
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (nos. 51476153, 51276175 and 61372041) and the Fundamental
Research Program of NIM (no. AKY1401).
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
EI 1471-2962
J9 PHILOS T R SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 374
IS 2064
AR 20150049
DI 10.1098/rsta.2015.0049
PG 16
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH1OB
UT WOS:000372553400011
PM 26903106
ER
PT J
AU Colussi, VE
Greene, CH
D'Incao, JP
AF Colussi, V. E.
Greene, Chris H.
D'Incao, J. P.
TI Universal few-body physics in resonantly interacting spinor condensates
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Efimov physics; spinor condensates; ultracold collisions
ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; GASES; PARTICLES; SPECTRUM; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS;
DOMAINS
AB Optical trapping techniques allow for the formation of bosonic condensates with internal degrees of freedom, so-called spinor condensates. Mean-field models of spinor condensates highlight the sensitivity of the quantum phases of the system to the relative strength of the two-body interaction in the different spin-channels. Such a description captures the regime where these interactions are weak. In the opposite and largely unexplored regime of strongly correlated spinor condensates, three-body interactions can play an important role through the Efimov effect, producing possible novel phases. Here, we study the three-body spinor problem using the hyperspherical adiabatic representation for spin-1, -2 and -3 condensates in the strongly-correlated regime. We characterize the Efimov physics for such systems and the relevant threebody mean-field parameters. We find that the Efimov effect can strongly affect the spin dynamics and three-body mean-field contributions to the possible quantum phases of the condensate through universal contributions to scattering observables.
C1 [Colussi, V. E.; D'Incao, J. P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Greene, Chris H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[D'Incao, J. P.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[D'Incao, J. P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Colussi, VE (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM colussi@colorado.edu
RI Greene, Chris/C-3821-2011; Colussi, Victor /M-1335-2016
OI Greene, Chris/0000-0002-2096-6385; Colussi, Victor /0000-0002-0972-6276
FU US National Science Foundation [PHY-1125844, PHY-1307380, PHY-1306905]
FX This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation, grant
numbers PHY-1125844, PHY-1307380 and PHY-1306905.
NR 82
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-4075
EI 1361-6455
J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT
JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys.
PD MAR 28
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 6
AR 064012
DI 10.1088/0953-4075/49/6/064012
PG 11
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DG0UW
UT WOS:000371782200016
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, DL
Hughes, M
Wick, GA
AF Jackson, Darren L.
Hughes, Mimi
Wick, Gary A.
TI Evaluation of landfalling atmospheric rivers along the US West Coast in
reanalysis data sets
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE atmospheric rivers; reanalysis data; satellite data
ID WATER-VAPOR SIGNATURE; NORTH PACIFIC; PRECIPITATION; SATELLITE; WINTER
AB An intercomparison of landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) between four reanalysis data sets using one satellite-derived AR detection method as a metric to characterize landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) along the U.S. West Coast is performed over 15 cool seasons (October-March) during the period from water years 1998 to 2012. The four reanalysis data sets analyzed in this study are the Climate System Forecast Reanalysis (CFSR), Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA), ERA-Interim (ERA-I), and the Twentieth Century Reanalysis version 2 (20CR) data set. The Atmospheric River Detection Tool is used to identify AR features in the total vertically integrated water vapor (IWV) data of the reanalysis data, and validation of the reanalysis AR data are compared with AR data derived from satellite IWV observations. The AR landfall data from reanalysis were generally found to be in good agreement with satellite observations. Reanalysis data with less (CFSR) or no assimilation (20CR) of the satellite data used in this study had greater bias with AR characteristics such as IWV, width, and landfall location. The 20CR ensemble data were found to better characterize the AR landfall characteristics than the 20CR ensemble mean although all 20CR data underestimated AR landfalls particularly in the southern section of the U.S. West Coast. Overall AR landfall detections for the 15year cool season period were within 5% of the satellite for the CFSR, MERRA, and ERA-I data.
C1 [Jackson, Darren L.; Hughes, Mimi] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jackson, Darren L.; Hughes, Mimi; Wick, Gary A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Jackson, DL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Jackson, DL (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
EM Darren.L.Jackson@noaa.gov
RI Hughes, Mimi/C-3710-2009
OI Hughes, Mimi/0000-0002-4554-9289
FU NOAA Climate Observations and Monitoring Program
[NOAA-OAR-CPO-2012-2003041]
FX This study was supported by NOAA Climate Observations and Monitoring
Program NOAA-OAR-CPO-2012-2003041. We would like to thank three
anonymous reviewers who provided insightful comments that improved this
paper. ERA-I, CFSR, and 20CR data were provided by the NOAA-ESRL
Physical Sciences Division, Boulder Colorado, from their web site at
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd. MERRA data were acquired from the Goddard
Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Center (DISC). Satellite data
were acquired from the NOAA Comprehensive Large Array-Data Stewardship
System (CLASS).
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 6
BP 2705
EP 2718
DI 10.1002/2015JD024412
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK1YB
UT WOS:000374710300012
ER
PT J
AU Xia, YL
Cosgrove, BA
Mitchell, KE
Peters-Lidard, CD
Ek, MB
Brewer, M
Mocko, D
Kumar, SV
Wei, HL
Meng, J
Luo, LF
AF Xia, Youlong
Cosgrove, Brian A.
Mitchell, Kenneth E.
Peters-Lidard, Christa D.
Ek, Michael B.
Brewer, Michael
Mocko, David
Kumar, Sujay V.
Wei, Helin
Meng, Jesse
Luo, Lifeng
TI Basin-scale assessment of the land surface water budget in the National
Centers for Environmental Prediction operational and research NLDAS-2
systems
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE NCEP operational NLDAS-2; USGS HUG8 runoff; gridded FLUXNET ET;
basin-scale assessment; water budget components; River Forecast Center
ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; TIME-VARIABLE GRAVITY; MESOSCALE ETA-MODEL;
SOIL-MOISTURE; UNITED-STATES; BIOSPHERE MODEL; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION;
BALANCE; FLUXNET; TEMPERATURE
AB The purpose of this study is to evaluate the components of the land surface water budget in the four land surface models (Noah, SAC-Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting Model, (VIC) Variable Infiltration Capacity Model, and Mosaic) applied in the newly implemented National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) operational and research versions of the North American Land Data Assimilation System version 2 (NLDAS-2). This work focuses on monthly and annual components of the water budget over 12 National Weather Service (NWS) River Forecast Centers (RFCs). Monthly gridded FLUX Network (FLUXNET) evapotranspiration (ET) from the Max-Planck Institute (MPI) of Germany, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) total runoff (Q), changes in total water storage (dS/dt, derived as a residual by utilizing MPI ET and USGS Q in the water balance equation), and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) observed total water storage anomaly (TWSA) and change (TWSC) are used as reference data sets. Compared to these ET and Q benchmarks, Mosaic and SAC (Noah and VIC) in the operational NLDAS-2 overestimate (underestimate) mean annual reference ET and underestimate (overestimate) mean annual reference Q. The multimodel ensemble mean (MME) is closer to the mean annual reference ET and Q. An anomaly correlation (AC) analysis shows good AC values for simulated monthly mean Q and dS/dt but significantly smaller AC values for simulated ET. Upgraded versions of the models utilized in the research side of NLDAS-2 yield largely improved performance in the simulation of these mean annual and monthly water component diagnostics. These results demonstrate that the three intertwined efforts of improving (1) the scientific understanding of parameterization of land surface processes, (2) the spatial and temporal extent of systematic validation of land surface processes, and (3) the engineering-oriented aspects such as parameter calibration and optimization are key to substantially improving product quality in various land data assimilation systems.
C1 [Xia, Youlong; Ek, Michael B.; Wei, Helin; Meng, Jesse] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Envronm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Xia, Youlong; Wei, Helin; Meng, Jesse] NCEP EMC, IM Syst Grp, College Pk, MD USA.
[Cosgrove, Brian A.] Natl Water Ctr, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Mitchell, Kenneth E.] Prescient Weather Ltd, State Coll, PA USA.
[Peters-Lidard, Christa D.; Mocko, David; Kumar, Sujay V.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Brewer, Michael] NESDIS NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Asheville, NC USA.
[Mocko, David; Kumar, Sujay V.] NASA GSFC, SAIC, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Luo, Lifeng] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI USA.
RP Xia, YL (reprint author), Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Envronm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
EM youlong.xia@noaa.gov
RI Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012
OI Peters-Lidard, Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876
FU NOAA Office of Global Programs Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment
(GEWEX) Americas Prediction Project (GAPP); NASA; NOAA Climate Program
Office (CPO) Climate Prediction Program of the Americas (CPPA) and
Modeling Analysis, Predictions, and Projections (MAPP)
FX NLDAS-1 research activities have been supported by the NOAA Office of
Global Programs Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX)
Americas Prediction Project (GAPP) and the NASA Terrestrial Hydrology
Program. NLDAS-2 research and operational transition activities have
been supported by the NOAA Climate Program Office (CPO) Climate
Prediction Program of the Americas (CPPA) and Modeling Analysis,
Predictions, and Projections (MAPP). We acknowledge Dr. David Wolock,
who helped us create the HUC8 index mask file for the NLDAS-2 grid. We
also acknowledge Fanglin Yang and Hong Guan from EMC and three anonymous
reviewers whose review and comments greatly improved the quality of the
manuscript. All data including NLDAS-2 products, USGS runoff,
GRACE-observed TWSA and TWSC, and gridded FLUXNET data can be freely
accessed via public websites as described in the text.
NR 80
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 6
BP 2750
EP 2779
DI 10.1002/2015JD023733
PG 30
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK1YB
UT WOS:000374710300015
ER
PT J
AU Chung, ES
Soden, BJ
Huang, XL
Shi, L
John, VO
AF Chung, Eui-Seok
Soden, Brian J.
Huang, Xianglei
Shi, Lei
John, Viju O.
TI An assessment of the consistency between satellite measurements of upper
tropospheric water vapor
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE upper tropospheric water vapor; long-term monitoring; satellite
observations; reanalysis; climate model simulations
ID INFRARED SOUNDER AIRS; DATA SETS; HUMIDITY; SSM/T-2; MODELS; TRENDS;
TEMPERATURE; CALIBRATION; FEEDBACK; CMIP5
AB We assess the consistency of the satellite-based observations of upper tropospheric water vapor (UTWV) by comparing brightness temperature measurements from the channel 12 of High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS), the 183.311GHz channel of Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-B (AMSU-B)/Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS), and spectral radiances from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS). All three products exhibit consistent spatial and temporal patterns of interannual variability. On decadal time scales, the spatial patterns of trends are similar between all three products; however, the amplitude of the regional trends is noticeably weaker in the HIRS measurements than in either the AMSU-B/MHS or AIRS data. This presumably reflects the greater clear-sky sampling limitations of HIRS relative to the other products. However, when averaged over tropical or near-global spatial scales, the trends between all three products are statistically indistinguishable from each other. The overall consistency between all three products provides important verification of their credibility for documenting long-term changes in UTWV. A similar analysis is performed for reanalysis-produced and model-simulated UTWV using the HIRS record as a benchmark. On decadal time scales, both reanalysis data sets and the multimodel ensemble mean have difficulty in capturing the observed moistening of climatologically dry regions of the subtropics, although the model-simulated trends are more consistent with the HIRS measurements than the reanalysis data.
C1 [Chung, Eui-Seok; Soden, Brian J.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Huang, Xianglei] Univ Michigan, Dept Climate & Space Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Shi, Lei] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Asheville, NC USA.
[John, Viju O.] Hadley Ctr, Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[John, Viju O.] EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, Germany.
RP Chung, ES (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM echung@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Huang, Xianglei/G-6127-2011
OI Huang, Xianglei/0000-0002-7129-614X
FU NASA ROSES: Satellite Calibration Interconsistency Studies; Joint UK
DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101]
FX We would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their constructive
and valuable comments which led to an improved version of the
manuscript. We also thank David Parker and Shinya Kobayashi for their
helpful comments on the manuscript. AIRS Level 1B infrared geolocated
and calibrated radiances (version 005) were downloaded from Goddard
Earth Science Data and Information Service Center (GES DISC,
http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/datacollection/AIRIBRAD_V005.html).
ERA-Interim reanalysis data were downloaded from the ECMWF data server
(http://apps.ecmwf.int/datasets/data/interim-full-moda). MERRA
reanalysis data were downloaded from the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences
Data and information Services Center
(http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/daac-bin/DataHoldings.pl). JRA-55
reanalysis data were downloaded from the Research Data Archive at the
National Center for Atmospheric Research
(http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds628.1/). We acknowledge the World
Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modeling, which is
responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups for
producing and making available their model output. For CMIP the U.S.
Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and
Intercomparison provides coordinating support and led development of
software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for
Earth System Science Portals. CMIP5 data are available from the PCMDI
archive. This study was supported by NASA ROSES: Satellite Calibration
Interconsistency Studies. Viju John was supported by the Joint UK
DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme (GA01101).
NR 51
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 6
BP 2874
EP 2887
DI 10.1002/2015JD024496
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK1YB
UT WOS:000374710300022
ER
PT J
AU Hu, XF
Yu, C
Tian, D
Ruminski, M
Robertson, K
Waller, LA
Liu, Y
AF Hu, Xuefei
Yu, Chao
Tian, Di
Ruminski, Mark
Robertson, Kevin
Waller, Lance A.
Liu, Yang
TI Comparison of the Hazard Mapping System (HMS) fire product to
ground-based fire records in Georgia, USA
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE HMS; biomass burning; ground records; comparison
ID DETECTION ALGORITHM; NORTH-AMERICA; AIR-QUALITY; AVHRR DATA; MODIS;
FOREST; VALIDATION; SATELLITE; EMISSIONS; ASTER
AB Biomass burning has a significant and adverse impact on air quality, climate change, and various ecosystems. The Hazard Mapping System (HMS) detects fires using data from multiple satellite sensors in order to maximize its fire detection rate. However, to date, the detection rate of the HMS fire product for small fires has not been well studied, especially using ground-based fire records. This paper utilizes the 2011 fire information compiled from ground observations and burn authorizations in Georgia to assess the comprehensiveness of the HMS active fire product. The results show that detection rates of the hybrid HMS increase substantially by integrating multiple satellite instruments. The detection rate increases dramatically from 3% to 80% with an increase in fire size from less than 0.02km(2) to larger than 2km(2), resulting in detection of approximately 12% of all recorded fires which represent approximately 57% of the total area burned. The spatial pattern of detection rates reveals that grid cells with high detection rates are generally located in areas where large fires occur frequently. The seasonal analysis shows that overall detection rates in winter and spring (12% and 13%, respectively) are higher than those in summer and fall (3% and 6%, respectively), mainly because of higher percentages of large fires (>0.19km(2)) that occurred in winter and spring. The land cover analysis shows that detection rates are 2-7 percentage points higher in land cover types that are prone to large fires such as forestland and shrub land.
C1 [Hu, Xuefei; Yu, Chao; Liu, Yang] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Yu, Chao] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Tian, Di] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Environm Protect Div, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Ruminski, Mark] Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, NOAA, College Pk, MD USA.
[Robertson, Kevin] Tall Timbers Res Stn & Land Conservancy, Tallahassee, FL USA.
[Waller, Lance A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM Di.Tian@dnr.ga.gov; yang.liu@emory.edu
FU USEPA [R834799]; NASA [NNX11AI53G]; NIH [R01ES019897]
FX This publication was made possible by USEPA grant R834799. Its contents
are solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not necessarily
represent the official views of the USEPA. Further, USEPA does not
endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in
the publication. This work was also supported by NASA Applied Sciences
Program (grant NNX11AI53G, Principal Investigator (PI): Liu) and NIH
grant R01ES019897. The HMS data used in this paper are available free
through the links provided in section 2 of the paper. Inquiries
regarding the ground fire observation data should be directed to Di Tian
(Di.Tian@dnr.ga.gov) at the Georgia Department of Natural Resources.
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 6
BP 2901
EP 2910
DI 10.1002/2015JD024448
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK1YB
UT WOS:000374710300024
ER
PT J
AU Duderstadt, KA
Dibb, JE
Schwadron, NA
Spence, HE
Solomon, SC
Yudin, VA
Jackman, CH
Randall, CE
AF Duderstadt, Katharine A.
Dibb, Jack E.
Schwadron, Nathan A.
Spence, Harlan E.
Solomon, Stanley C.
Yudin, Valery A.
Jackman, Charles H.
Randall, Cora E.
TI Nitrate ion spikes in ice cores not suitable as proxies for solar proton
events
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE solar proton event; nitrate; SPE; WACCM
ID ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENTS; OCTOBER-NOVEMBER 2003; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; ODD
NITROGEN; POLAR ICE; CARRINGTON EVENT; AD 774-775; PRECIPITATION EVENTS;
SPECTRA; MODEL
AB Nitrate ion spikes in polar ice cores are contentiously used to estimate the intensity, frequency, and probability of historical solar proton events, quantities that are needed to prepare for potentially society-crippling space weather events. We use the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model to calculate how large an event would have to be to produce enough odd nitrogen throughout the atmosphere to be discernible as nitrate peaks at the Earth's surface. These hypothetically large events are compared with probability of occurrence estimates derived from measured events, sunspot records, and cosmogenic radionuclides archives. We conclude that the fluence and spectrum of solar proton events necessary to produce odd nitrogen enhancements equivalent to the spikes of nitrate ions in Greenland ice cores are unlikely to have occurred throughout the Holocene, confirming that nitrate ions in ice cores are not suitable proxies for historical individual solar proton events.
C1 [Duderstadt, Katharine A.; Dibb, Jack E.; Schwadron, Nathan A.; Spence, Harlan E.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Solomon, Stanley C.; Yudin, Valery A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Yudin, Valery A.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jackman, Charles H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Randall, Cora E.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Randall, Cora E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Duderstadt, KA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM duderstadtk@eos.sr.unh.edu
RI Solomon, Stanley/J-4847-2012; Jackman, Charles/D-4699-2012; Randall,
Cora/L-8760-2014
OI Solomon, Stanley/0000-0002-5291-3034; Randall, Cora/0000-0002-4313-4397
FU NSF [1135432]; National Science Foundation; Office of Science (BER) of
the U.S. Department of Energy; NASA [NNX14AH54G]
FX This work was supported by NSF grant 1135432 to the University of New
Hampshire. We would like to acknowledge high-performance computing
support from Yellowstone (ark:/85065/d7wd3xhc) provided by NCAR's
Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the
National Science Foundation. The CESM project is supported by the
National Science Foundation and the Office of Science (BER) of the U.S.
Department of Energy. We also acknowledge the support of NASA grant
NNX14AH54G to the University of Colorado. We thank Colin Joyce for
providing PREDDICS model results as well as Marco Calisto, Eugene
Rozanov, and Ilya Usoskin and for providing ion pair production rates
for the Carrington-like events. The model data used to produce the
analysis and figures for this study are available upon request from the
corresponding author. We thank the reviewers of the manuscript for their
valuable comments and suggestions.
NR 107
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 27
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 6
BP 2994
EP 3016
DI 10.1002/2015JD023805
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK1YB
UT WOS:000374710300029
ER
PT J
AU Hutchison, CA
Chuang, RY
Noskov, VN
Assad-Garcia, N
Deerinck, TJ
Ellisman, MH
Gill, J
Kannan, K
Karas, BJ
Ma, L
Pelletier, JF
Qi, ZQ
Richter, RA
Strychalski, EA
Sun, LJ
Suzuki, Y
Tsvetanova, B
Wise, KS
Smith, HO
Glass, JI
Merryman, C
Gibson, DG
Venter, JC
AF Hutchison, Clyde A., III
Chuang, Ray-Yuan
Noskov, Vladimir N.
Assad-Garcia, Nacyra
Deerinck, Thomas J.
Ellisman, Mark H.
Gill, John
Kannan, Krishna
Karas, Bogumil J.
Ma, Li
Pelletier, James F.
Qi, Zhi-Qing
Richter, R. Alexander
Strychalski, Elizabeth A.
Sun, Lijie
Suzuki, Yo
Tsvetanova, Billyana
Wise, Kim S.
Smith, Hamilton O.
Glass, John I.
Merryman, Chuck
Gibson, Daniel G.
Venter, J. Craig
TI Design and synthesis of a minimal bacterial genome
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MYCOPLASMA-GENITALIUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ESSENTIAL GENES; CELL;
PROLIFERATION; DIVISION; BIOLOGY; SEPF; SET
AB We used whole-genome design and complete chemical synthesis to minimize the 1079-kilobase pair synthetic genome of Mycoplasma mycoides JCVI-syn1.0. An initial design, based on collective knowledge of molecular biology combined with limited transposon mutagenesis data, failed to produce a viable cell. Improved transposon mutagenesis methods revealed a class of quasi-essential genes that are needed for robust growth, explaining the failure of our initial design. Three cycles of design, synthesis, and testing, with retention of quasi-essential genes, produced JCVI-syn3.0 (531 kilobase pairs, 473 genes), which has a genome smaller than that of any autonomously replicating cell found in nature. JCVI-syn3.0 retains almost all genes involved in the synthesis and processing of macromolecules. Unexpectedly, it also contains 149 genes with unknown biological functions. JCVI-syn3.0 is a versatile platform for investigating the core functions of life and for exploring whole-genome design.
C1 [Hutchison, Clyde A., III; Chuang, Ray-Yuan; Noskov, Vladimir N.; Assad-Garcia, Nacyra; Karas, Bogumil J.; Ma, Li; Richter, R. Alexander; Sun, Lijie; Suzuki, Yo; Wise, Kim S.; Smith, Hamilton O.; Glass, John I.; Merryman, Chuck; Gibson, Daniel G.; Venter, J. Craig] J Craig Venter Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Deerinck, Thomas J.; Ellisman, Mark H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Natl Ctr Microscopy & Imaging Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Gill, John; Kannan, Krishna; Qi, Zhi-Qing; Tsvetanova, Billyana; Smith, Hamilton O.; Gibson, Daniel G.; Venter, J. Craig] Synthet Genom, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Pelletier, James F.; Strychalski, Elizabeth A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chuang, Ray-Yuan] Amer Type Culture Collect, 10801 Univ Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110 USA.
[Pelletier, James F.] MIT, Ctr Bits & Atoms, Room E15-401,20 Ames St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Sun, Lijie] CBRITE, 11575 Sorrento Valley Rd,Suite 204, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
RP Hutchison, CA; Venter, JC (reprint author), J Craig Venter Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.; Venter, JC (reprint author), Synthet Genom, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM chutchis@jcvi.org; jcventer@jcvi.org
OI Kannan, Krishna/0000-0002-2301-7900
FU Synthetic Genomics (SGI); Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's
Living Foundries program [HR0011-12-C-0063]; NIH from National Institute
of General Medical Sciences [P41GM103412]; Fannie and John Hertz
Graduate Fellowship; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Center
for Bits and Atoms; MIT Department of Physics; National Institute of
Standards and Technology
FX We thank Synthetic Genomics (SGI) and the Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency's Living Foundries program (contract HR0011-12-C-0063)
for funding this work. Microscopy work at the University of
California-San Diego was supported by NIH grant P41GM103412 from the
National Institute of General Medical Sciences to M.H.E. J.F.P. was
supported by a Fannie and John Hertz Graduate Fellowship, the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Center for Bits and Atoms,
and the MIT Department of Physics. E.A.S. was supported by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology (certain commercial equipment,
instruments, or materials are identified in this paper to foster
understanding; such identification does not imply recommendation or
endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor
does it imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily
the best available for the stated purpose). We thank M. D. Adams, M. A.
Algire, D. Brami, D. Brown, L. Brinkac, N. Caiazza, O. Fetzer, L. Fu, D.
Haft, S. Kaushal, M. Lapointe, A. Lee, M. Lewis, D. Lomelin, C. Ludka,
M. Montague, C. Orosco, T. Peterson, A. Ramon, T. Richardson, A.
Schwartz, D. Smith, S. Vashee, and T. Yee for their contributions to
this work and for helpful discussions. J. C. V. is chairman of the Board
of Directors and co-chief scientific officer of SGI. H.O.S. is on the
Board of Directors and co-chief scientific officer of SGI. C.A.H. is
chairman of the SGI Scientific Advisory Board. D.G.G. is a vice
president of SGI. J. C. V., H.O.S., C.A.H., D.G.G., J.G., K.K., and the
J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI) hold SGI stock and/or stock options.
SGI and JCVI have filed patent applications on some of the methods and
concepts described in this paper.
NR 35
TC 87
Z9 88
U1 80
U2 193
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD MAR 25
PY 2016
VL 351
IS 6280
AR aad6253
DI 10.1126/science.aad6253
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH4KZ
UT WOS:000372756200036
PM 27013737
ER
PT J
AU Lejaeghere, K
Bihlmayer, G
Bjorkman, T
Blaha, P
Blugel, S
Blum, V
Caliste, D
Castelli, IE
Clark, SJ
Dal Corso, A
de Gironcoli, S
Deutsch, T
Dewhurst, JK
Di Marco, I
Draxl, C
Dulak, M
Eriksson, O
Flores-Livas, JA
Garrity, KF
Genovese, L
Giannozzi, P
Giantomassi, M
Goedecker, S
Gonze, X
Granas, O
Gross, EKU
Gulans, A
Gygi, F
Hamann, DR
Hasnip, PJ
Holzwarth, NAW
Iusan, D
Jochym, DB
Jollet, F
Jones, D
Kresse, G
Koepernik, K
Kucukbenli, E
Kvashnin, YO
Locht, ILM
Lubeck, S
Marsman, M
Marzari, N
Nitzsche, U
Nordstrom, L
Ozaki, T
Paulatto, L
Pickard, CJ
Poelmans, W
Probert, MIJ
Refson, K
Richter, M
Rignanese, GM
Saha, S
Scheffler, M
Schlipf, M
Schwarz, K
Sharma, S
Tavazza, F
Thunstrom, P
Tkatchenko, A
Torrent, M
Vanderbilt, D
van Setten, MJ
Van Speybroeck, V
Wills, JM
Yates, JR
Zhang, GX
Cottenier, S
AF Lejaeghere, Kurt
Bihlmayer, Gustav
Bjoerkman, Torbjoern
Blaha, Peter
Bluegel, Stefan
Blum, Volker
Caliste, Damien
Castelli, Ivano E.
Clark, Stewart J.
Dal Corso, Andrea
de Gironcoli, Stefano
Deutsch, Thierry
Dewhurst, John Kay
Di Marco, Igor
Draxl, Claudia
Dulak, Marcin
Eriksson, Olle
Flores-Livas, Jose A.
Garrity, Kevin F.
Genovese, Luigi
Giannozzi, Paolo
Giantomassi, Matteo
Goedecker, Stefan
Gonze, Xavier
Granaes, Oscar
Gross, E. K. U.
Gulans, Andris
Gygi, Francois
Hamann, D. R.
Hasnip, Phil J.
Holzwarth, N. A. W.
Iusan, Diana
Jochym, Dominik B.
Jollet, Francois
Jones, Daniel
Kresse, Georg
Koepernik, Klaus
Kuecuekbenli, Emine
Kvashnin, Yaroslav O.
Locht, Inka L. M.
Lubeck, Sven
Marsman, Martijn
Marzari, Nicola
Nitzsche, Ulrike
Nordstrom, Lars
Ozaki, Taisuke
Paulatto, Lorenzo
Pickard, Chris J.
Poelmans, Ward
Probert, Matt I. J.
Refson, Keith
Richter, Manuel
Rignanese, Gian-Marco
Saha, Santanu
Scheffler, Matthias
Schlipf, Martin
Schwarz, Karlheinz
Sharma, Sangeeta
Tavazza, Francesca
Thunstroem, Patrik
Tkatchenko, Alexandre
Torrent, Marc
Vanderbilt, David
van Setten, Michiel J.
Van Speybroeck, Veronique
Wills, John M.
Yates, Jonathan R.
Zhang, Guo-Xu
Cottenier, Stefaan
TI Reproducibility in density functional theory calculations of solids
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERALIZED-GRADIENT APPROXIMATION; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; REGULAR
APPROXIMATIONS; PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; SILICON; STATE; 1ST-PRINCIPLES;
CRYSTALS; SCIENCE; ENERGY
AB The widespread popularity of density functional theory has given rise to an extensive range of dedicated codes for predicting molecular and crystalline properties. However, each code implements the formalism in a different way, raising questions about the reproducibility of such predictions. We report the results of a community-wide effort that compared 15 solid-state codes, using 40 different potentials or basis set types, to assess the quality of the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof equations of state for 71 elemental crystals. We conclude that predictions from recent codes and pseudopotentials agree very well, with pairwise differences that are comparable to those between different high-precision experiments. Older methods, however, have less precise agreement. Our benchmark provides a framework for users and developers to document the precision of new applications and methodological improvements.
C1 [Lejaeghere, Kurt; Poelmans, Ward; Van Speybroeck, Veronique; Cottenier, Stefaan] Univ Ghent, Ctr Mol Modeling, Technol Pk 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium.
[Bihlmayer, Gustav; Bluegel, Stefan] Forschungszentrum Julich, Peter Grunberg Inst, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Bihlmayer, Gustav; Bluegel, Stefan] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Adv Simulat, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Bjoerkman, Torbjoern] Abo Akad Univ, Dept Phys, FI-20500 Turku, Finland.
[Bjoerkman, Torbjoern] Aalto Univ, Sch Sci, Ctr Excellence Computat Nanosci, POB 11100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
[Bjoerkman, Torbjoern] Aalto Univ, Sch Sci, Dept Appl Phys, POB 11100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
[Blaha, Peter; Schwarz, Karlheinz] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Mat Chem, Getreidemarkt 9-165-TC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
[Blum, Volker] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Caliste, Damien; Deutsch, Thierry; Genovese, Luigi] Univ Grenoble Alpes, Inst Nanosci, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Caliste, Damien; Deutsch, Thierry; Genovese, Luigi] Cryogenie Modeling & Mat Explorat Dept INAC MEM, L Sim, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Caliste, Damien; Deutsch, Thierry; Genovese, Luigi] CEA, L Sim, INAC MEM, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
[Castelli, Ivano E.; Kuecuekbenli, Emine; Marzari, Nicola] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Theory & Simulat Mat THEOS, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Castelli, Ivano E.; Kuecuekbenli, Emine; Marzari, Nicola] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Natl Ctr Computat Design & Discovery Novel Mat MA, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Clark, Stewart J.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
[Dal Corso, Andrea; de Gironcoli, Stefano; Kuecuekbenli, Emine] SISSA, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy.
[Dewhurst, John Kay; Flores-Livas, Jose A.; Gross, E. K. U.; Sharma, Sangeeta] Max Planck Inst Mikrostrukturphys, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany.
[Di Marco, Igor; Eriksson, Olle; Iusan, Diana; Kvashnin, Yaroslav O.; Locht, Inka L. M.; Nordstrom, Lars] Uppsala Univ, Div Mat Theory, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Draxl, Claudia; Gulans, Andris; Lubeck, Sven] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, Windkanal 6, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Draxl, Claudia; Gulans, Andris; Lubeck, Sven] Humboldt Univ, IRIS, Windkanal 6, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Draxl, Claudia; Gulans, Andris; Scheffler, Matthias; Tkatchenko, Alexandre] Max Planck Gesell, Fritz Haber Inst, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
[Dulak, Marcin] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Phys, Ctr Atom Scale Mat Design, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
[Garrity, Kevin F.; Tavazza, Francesca] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8553, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Giannozzi, Paolo; Granaes, Oscar] Univ Udine, Dept Math Comp Sci & Phys, Via Sci 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
[Giantomassi, Matteo; Gonze, Xavier; Rignanese, Gian-Marco; van Setten, Michiel J.] Catholic Univ Louvain, Inst Condensed Matter & Nanosci Nanoscop, Chemin Etoiles 8, BE-1348 Louvain, Belgium.
[Goedecker, Stefan; Saha, Santanu] Univ Basel, Inst Phys, Klingelbergstr 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
[Granaes, Oscar] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Gygi, Francois; Schlipf, Martin] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Hamann, D. R.; Vanderbilt, David] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Hamann, D. R.] Mat Sim Res, POB 742, Murray Hill, NJ 07974 USA.
[Hasnip, Phil J.; Probert, Matt I. J.] Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
[Holzwarth, N. A. W.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
[Jochym, Dominik B.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Sci & Technol Facil Council, Sci Comp Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Jollet, Francois; Torrent, Marc] DIF, DAM, CEA, F-91297 Arpajon, France.
[Jones, Daniel; Yates, Jonathan R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, 16 Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PH, England.
[Kresse, Georg; Marsman, Martijn] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, Sensengasse 8-12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Kresse, Georg; Marsman, Martijn] Univ Vienna, Ctr Computat Mat Sci, Sensengasse 8-12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Koepernik, Klaus; Nitzsche, Ulrike; Richter, Manuel] Leibniz Inst Festkorper & Werkstoffforsch IFW Dre, POB 270 116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.
[Koepernik, Klaus; Richter, Manuel] Tech Univ Dresden, Dresden Ctr Computat Mat Sci DCMS, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
[Locht, Inka L. M.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Mol & Mat, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Ozaki, Taisuke] Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan.
[Paulatto, Lorenzo] Univ Paris 06, IMPMC, CNRS, UMR 7590,Museum Natl Hist Nat,IRD,Unite Rech 206, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Pickard, Chris J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Mat Sci & Met, 27 Charles Babbage Rd, Cambridge CB3 0FS, England.
[Poelmans, Ward] Univ Ghent, High Performance Comp Unit, Krijgslaan 281 S9, BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Refson, Keith] Univ London, Royal Holloway & Bedford New Coll, Dept Phys, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England.
[Refson, Keith] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Sci & Technol Facil Council, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Scheffler, Matthias] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Scheffler, Matthias] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Thunstroem, Patrik] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Solid State Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
[Tkatchenko, Alexandre] Univ Luxembourg, Phys & Mat Sci Res Unit, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
[Wills, John M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Zhang, Guo-Xu] Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Inst Theoret & Simulat Chem, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China.
[Cottenier, Stefaan] Univ Ghent, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Technol Pk 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium.
RP Lejaeghere, K; Cottenier, S (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Ctr Mol Modeling, Technol Pk 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium.; Cottenier, S (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Technol Pk 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium.
EM kurt.lejaeghere@ugent.be; stefaan.cottenier@ugent.be
RI Blaha, Peter/F-2847-2010; Bjorkman, Torbjorn/B-9844-2012; Deutsch,
Thierry/A-6077-2009; Di Marco, Igor/O-5190-2014; van Setten,
Michiel/B-2766-2008; Scheffler, Matthias/O-4649-2016; Bihlmayer,
Gustav/G-5279-2013; Richter, Manuel/F-2485-2016; Genovese,
Luigi/C-5937-2011; Dal Corso, Andrea/A-5745-2008; Blum,
Volker/J-6591-2012; Iusan, Diana/C-2356-2011; Castelli,
Ivano/N-1627-2015; Paulatto, Lorenzo/E-3974-2016; Draxl,
Claudia/O-6189-2016; TU Dresden, DCMS/B-7669-2015; Rignanese,
Gian-Marco/A-7435-2008;
OI Bjorkman, Torbjorn/0000-0002-1154-9846; Deutsch,
Thierry/0000-0001-7503-3390; Di Marco, Igor/0000-0003-1714-0942; van
Setten, Michiel/0000-0003-0557-5260; Bihlmayer,
Gustav/0000-0002-6615-1122; Richter, Manuel/0000-0002-9999-8290;
Genovese, Luigi/0000-0003-1747-0247; Blum, Volker/0000-0001-8660-7230;
Iusan, Diana/0000-0001-7467-9317; Castelli, Ivano/0000-0001-5880-5045;
Poelmans, Ward/0000-0002-0399-3613; Draxl, Claudia/0000-0003-3523-6657;
TU Dresden, DCMS/0000-0003-1370-3074; Rignanese,
Gian-Marco/0000-0002-1422-1205; Hasnip, Philip/0000-0002-4314-4093;
Lejaeghere, Kurt/0000-0002-4462-8209; Caliste,
Damien/0000-0002-4967-9275
FU Research Board of Ghent University; Fond de la Recherche Scientifique de
Belgique (FRS-FNRS) through Projet de Recherches (PDR)
[T.0238.13-AIXPHO, T.1031.14-HiT4FiT]; Communaute Francaise de Belgique
through BATTAB project [ARC 14/19-057]; U.S. NSF [DMR-14-08838,
DMR-1105485]; Swedish Research Council; Knut and Alice Wallenberg
Foundation [2013.0020, 2012.0031]; Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders
(FWO) [G0E0116N]; U.S. Department of Energy [DOE-BES DE-SC0008938];
European Union [329386, 676580]; eSSENCE; Academy of Finland [263416];
COMP Centre of Excellence; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG);
Einstein Foundation, Berlin; Novel Materials Discovery (NOMAD)
Laboratory, a European Center of Excellence; Italian Ministry of
Education, Universities, and Research (MIUR) through PRIN
[20105ZZTSE_005]; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
(EPSRC) under UK Car-Parrinello (UKCP) grant [EP/K013564/1];
Collaborative Computational Project for NMR Crystallography under EPSRC
grant [EP/J010510/1]; FWO; EPSRC [EP/J017639/1]; Swiss National Science
Foundation (SNSF); FRS-FNRS; SNSF's National Centre of Competence in
Research MARVEL; Austrian Science Fund [SFB-F41]; OCAS NV by an
OCAS-endowed chair at Ghent University; Ghent University; Flemish
Government (Economy, Science, and Innovation Department); Walloon Region
[1117545]; FRS-FNRS [2.5020.11]; CASTEP by Biovia
FX This research benefited from financial support from the Research Board
of Ghent University; the Fond de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique
(FRS-FNRS), through Projet de Recherches (PDR) grants T.0238.13-AIXPHO
and T.1031.14-HiT4FiT; the Communaute Francaise de Belgique, through the
BATTAB project (grant ARC 14/19-057); the U.S. NSF (grant DMR-14-08838);
the Swedish Research Council; the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
(grants 2013.0020 and 2012.0031); the Fund for Scientific
Research-Flanders (FWO) (project no. G0E0116N); and the U.S. Department
of Energy (grant DOE-BES DE-SC0008938). N.A.W.H. was supported by U.S.
NSF grant DMR-1105485. J.A.F.-L. acknowledges financial support from the
European Union's 7th Framework Marie-Curie Scholarship Program within
the ExMaMa Project (project no. 329386). I.D.M., O.E., O.G., D.I.,
Y.O.K., I.L.M.L., and L.N. acknowledge support from eSSENCE. T.B. was
supported by the Academy of Finland (grant 263416) and the COMP Centre
of Excellence. C.D., A.G., and S.L. acknowledge support from the
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and the Einstein Foundation,
Berlin. M.Sche. and C.D. received funding from the European Union's
Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no.
676580 with The Novel Materials Discovery (NOMAD) Laboratory, a European
Center of Excellence. A.D.C., S.d.G., and E.K. acknowledge support from
the Italian Ministry of Education, Universities, and Research (MIUR)
through PRIN (Projects of National Interest) 2010-2011 (registration no.
20105ZZTSE_005). P.J.H., D.B.J., and M.I.J.P. are grateful for financial
support by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
(EPSRC) under UK Car-Parrinello (UKCP) grant EP/K013564/1. C.J.P. and
J.R.Y. acknowledge support from the Collaborative Computational Project
for NMR Crystallography under EPSRC grant EP/J010510/1. W.P.
acknowledges funding by FWO. D.J. is grateful for financial support by
EPSRC under grant EP/J017639/1. S.Sa. acknowledges support from the
Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). G.-M.R. is thankful for
personal financial support from FRS-FNRS. The work by I.E.C. and N.M.
was supported by the SNSF's National Centre of Competence in Research
MARVEL. G.K. and P.B. acknowledge support by the Austrian Science Fund,
project SFB-F41 (ViCoM). S.C. acknowledges financial support from OCAS
NV by an OCAS-endowed chair at Ghent University. Computational resources
were as follows: The Ghent University contributors used the Stevin
Supercomputer Infrastructure at Ghent University, which is funded by
Ghent University, FWO, and the Flemish Government (Economy, Science, and
Innovation Department). The Universite Catholique de Louvain
contributors used the Tier-1 supercomputer of the Federation
Wallonie-Bruxelles (funded by the Walloon Region under grant agreement
no. 1117545), the Centre de Calcul Intensif et de Stockage de
Masse-Universite Catholique de Louvain supercomputing facilities, and
the Consortium des Equipements de Calcul Intensif en Federation
Wallonie-Bruxelles (CECI) (funded by the FRS-FNRS under convention
2.5020.11). The Science and Technology Facilities Council, Scientific
Computing Department's SCARF (Scientific Computing Application Resource
for Facilities) cluster was used for the CASTEP calculations. The Basel
University and Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne contributors
used the Swiss National Supercomputing Center in Lugano. Finland's IT
Centre for Science was used for the RSPt calculations. K.L. and F.T.
thank C.; Becker for instructive discussions on the comparison of
atomic-scale simulations. K.L. and S.C. thank W. Dewitte for drafting
the summary figure. S.J.C., P.J.H., C.J.P., M.I.J.P., K.R., and J.R.Y.
declare the receipt of income from commercial sales of CASTEP by Biovia.
N.M. and M.Sche. are members of the Board of Trustees of the Psi-k
Electronic Structure Network. P.G. is director of the Quantum ESPRESSO
Foundation, and N.M. is a representative member. X.G., D.R.H., M.T.,
D.C., F.J., and G.-M.R. are members of the Advisory Board of ABINIT, an
organization that develops and publishes open-source software related to
this article. Commercial software is identified to specify procedures.
Such identification does not imply recommendation by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology. Atomic Simulation Environment
scripts (46) for several of the codes are available online (48). All
data are listed in tables S3 to S42.
NR 61
TC 69
Z9 70
U1 66
U2 172
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD MAR 25
PY 2016
VL 351
IS 6280
AR aad3000
DI 10.1126/science.aad3000
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH4KZ
UT WOS:000372756200038
ER
PT J
AU Berg, RD
Levitte, S
O'Sullivan, MP
O'Leary, SM
Cambier, CJ
Cameron, J
Takaki, KK
Moens, CB
Tobin, DM
Keane, J
Ramakrishnan, L
AF Berg, Russell D.
Levitte, Steven
O'Sullivan, Mary P.
O'Leary, Seonadh M.
Cambier, C. J.
Cameron, James
Takaki, Kevin K.
Moens, Cecilia B.
Tobin, David M.
Keane, Joseph
Ramakrishnan, Lalita
TI Lysosomal Disorders Drive Susceptibility to Tuberculosis by Compromising
Macrophage Migration
SO CELL
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; GAUCHER-DISEASE;
STORAGE DISORDERS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; CELL-DEATH; INFECTION; PULMONARY;
CLEARANCE; FUSION
AB A zebrafish genetic screen for determinants of susceptibility to Mycobacterium marinum identified a hypersusceptible mutant deficient in lysosomal cysteine cathepsins that manifests hallmarks of human lysosomal storage diseases. Under homeostatic conditions, mutant macrophages accumulate undigested lysosomal material, which disrupts endocytic recycling and impairs their migration to, and thus engulfment of, dying cells. This causes a buildup of unengulfed cell debris. During mycobacterial infection, macrophages with lysosomal storage cannot migrate toward infected macrophages undergoing apoptosis in the tuberculous granuloma. The unengulfed apoptotic macrophages undergo secondary necrosis, causing granuloma breakdown and increased mycobacterial growth. Macrophage lysosomal storage similarly impairs migration to newly infecting mycobacteria. This phenotype is recapitulated in human smokers, who are at increased risk for tuberculosis. A majority of their alveolar macrophages exhibit lysosomal accumulations of tobacco smoke particulates and do not migrate to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The incapacitation of highly microbicidal first-responding macrophages may contribute to smokers' susceptibility to tuberculosis.
C1 [Berg, Russell D.; Levitte, Steven] Univ Washington, Mol & Cellular Biol Grad Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Berg, Russell D.; Levitte, Steven] Univ Washington, Med Scientist Training Program, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Levitte, Steven; Takaki, Kevin K.; Ramakrishnan, Lalita] Univ Cambridge, Dept Med, MRC Lab Mol Biol, Cambridge CB2 0QH, England.
[O'Sullivan, Mary P.; O'Leary, Seonadh M.; Keane, Joseph] Trinity Coll Dublin, Inst Mol Med, Dept Clin Med, Dublin 8, Ireland.
[Cambier, C. J.] Univ Washington, Grad Program Immunol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Cameron, James; Ramakrishnan, Lalita] Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Moens, Cecilia B.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
[Tobin, David M.] Duke Univ, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
[Tobin, David M.] Duke Univ, Dept Immunol, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
[Cambier, C. J.] Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Cameron, James] NOAA, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Ramakrishnan, L (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Med, MRC Lab Mol Biol, Cambridge CB2 0QH, England.; Keane, J (reprint author), Trinity Coll Dublin, Inst Mol Med, Dept Clin Med, Dublin 8, Ireland.; Ramakrishnan, L (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM josephmk@tcd.ie; lr404@hermes.cam.ac.uk
RI O'Sullivan, Mary/C-9413-2012;
OI O'Sullivan, Mary/0000-0002-6104-8943; Keane, Joseph/0000-0001-5313-385X;
Tobin, David/0000-0003-3465-5518
FU Wellcome Trust; NIH [R37AI054503, R01NS082567, 5F30HL110455,
1DP2-OD008614]; National Institute of Health Research Cambridge
Biomedical Research Centre; Health Research Board of Ireland
[HRA_POR/2013/387, CSA/2012/16]; Royal City of Dublin Hospital Trust
[146]
FX We thank P. Luzio, G. Griffiths, and R. Kay for insights and advice on
lysosome biology and cell migration; G. Godaly for advice on human
macrophage cell migration assays; P. Edelstein, A. Pagan, and S. Falkow
for manuscript review; N. Goodwin and R. Keeble for zebrafish husbandry;
and F. O'Connell, the research nurses of the Wellcome Trust-HRB Clinical
Research Facility, and the staff and patients of the St. James's
Hospital Bronchoscopy clinic, Dublin. This work was supported by the
Wellcome Trust (L.R.), the NIH (R37AI054503, L.R., R01NS082567, C.B.M.,
5F30HL110455, R.D.B., 1DP2-OD008614, D.M.T.), the National Institute of
Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (L. R.), the Health
Research Board of Ireland (HRA_POR/2013/387, M.P.O'S. and CSA/2012/16,
J.K.), and The Royal City of Dublin Hospital Trust (grant 146, J.K.).
NR 66
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 15
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0092-8674
EI 1097-4172
J9 CELL
JI Cell
PD MAR 24
PY 2016
VL 165
IS 1
BP 139
EP 152
DI 10.1016/j.cell.2016.02.034
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA DH4WF
UT WOS:000372785600016
PM 27015311
ER
PT J
AU Knowles, B
Silveira, CB
Bailey, BA
Barott, K
Cantu, VA
Cobian-Guemes, AG
Coutinho, FH
Dinsdale, EA
Felts, B
Furby, KA
George, EE
Green, KT
Gregoracci, GB
Haas, AF
Haggerty, JM
Hester, ER
Hisakawa, N
Kelly, LW
Lim, YW
Little, M
Luque, A
McDole-Somera, T
McNair, K
de Oliveira, LS
Quistad, SD
Robinett, NL
Sala, E
Salamon, P
Sanchez, SE
Sandin, S
Silva, GGZ
Smith, J
Sullivan, C
Thompson, C
Vermeij, MJA
Youle, M
Young, C
Zgliczynski, B
Brainard, R
Edwards, RA
Nulton, J
Thompson, F
Rohwer, F
AF Knowles, B.
Silveira, C. B.
Bailey, B. A.
Barott, K.
Cantu, V. A.
Cobian-Gueemes, A. G.
Coutinho, F. H.
Dinsdale, E. A.
Felts, B.
Furby, K. A.
George, E. E.
Green, K. T.
Gregoracci, G. B.
Haas, A. F.
Haggerty, J. M.
Hester, E. R.
Hisakawa, N.
Kelly, L. W.
Lim, Y. W.
Little, M.
Luque, A.
McDole-Somera, T.
McNair, K.
de Oliveira, L. S.
Quistad, S. D.
Robinett, N. L.
Sala, E.
Salamon, P.
Sanchez, S. E.
Sandin, S.
Silva, G. G. Z.
Smith, J.
Sullivan, C.
Thompson, C.
Vermeij, M. J. A.
Youle, M.
Young, C.
Zgliczynski, B.
Brainard, R.
Edwards, R. A.
Nulton, J.
Thompson, F.
Rohwer, F.
TI Lytic to temperate switching of viral communities
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; LIFE STRATEGIES;
CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; CORAL-REEFS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; METAGENOMIC
DATASETS; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; BACTERIAL-VIRUSES; MARINE-BACTERIA
AB Microbial viruses can control host abundances via density-dependent lytic predator-prey dynamics. Less clear is how temperate viruses, which coexist and replicate with their host, influence microbial communities. Here we show that virus-like particles are relatively less abundant at high host densities. This suggests suppressed lysis where established models predict lytic dynamics are favoured. Meta-analysis of published viral and microbial densities showed that this trend was widespread in diverse ecosystems ranging from soil to freshwater to human lungs. Experimental manipulations showed viral densities more consistent with temperate than lytic life cycles at increasing microbial abundance. An analysis of 24 coral reef viromes showed a relative increase in the abundance of hallmark genes encoded by temperate viruses with increased microbial abundance. Based on these four lines of evidence, we propose the Piggyback-the-Winner model wherein temperate dynamics become increasingly important in ecosystems with high microbial densities; thus 'more microbes, fewer viruses'.
C1 [Knowles, B.; Silveira, C. B.; Cobian-Gueemes, A. G.; Dinsdale, E. A.; George, E. E.; Green, K. T.; Haas, A. F.; Haggerty, J. M.; Hester, E. R.; Hisakawa, N.; Kelly, L. W.; Lim, Y. W.; Little, M.; Quistad, S. D.; Robinett, N. L.; Sanchez, S. E.; Rohwer, F.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Silveira, C. B.; Coutinho, F. H.; de Oliveira, L. S.; Thompson, C.; Thompson, F.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Ave Carlos Chagas Filho 373, BR-21941599 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Bailey, B. A.; Felts, B.; Luque, A.; Salamon, P.; Nulton, J.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Barott, K.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, 46-007 Lilipuna Rd, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Cantu, V. A.; Luque, A.; McNair, K.; Silva, G. G. Z.; Edwards, R. A.] San Diego State Univ, Computat Sci Res Ctr, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Coutinho, F. H.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Radboud Inst Mol Life Sci, Ctr Mol & Biomol Informat, NL-6525 HP Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Dinsdale, E. A.; Luque, A.; Salamon, P.; Edwards, R. A.; Rohwer, F.] San Diego State Univ, Viral Informat Inst, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Furby, K. A.; McDole-Somera, T.; Sandin, S.; Smith, J.; Zgliczynski, B.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Gregoracci, G. B.] Sao Paulo Fed Univ Baixada Santista, Marine Sci Dept, Ave Alm Saldanha da Gama 89, BR-11030400 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Sala, E.] Natl Geog Soc, 1145 17th St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
[Sullivan, C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Biol, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Vermeij, M. J. A.] CARMABI Fdn, Piscaderabaai Z-N, Willemstad, Curacao, Neth Antilles.
[Vermeij, M. J. A.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Aquat Microbiol, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Youle, M.] Rainbow Rock, Ocean View, HI 96737 USA.
[Young, C.; Brainard, R.] NOAA, Coral Reef Ecosyst Div, PIFSC, 1845 Wasp Blvd, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Edwards, R. A.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
RP Knowles, B; Rohwer, F (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.; Rohwer, F (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Viral Informat Inst, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
EM benjaminwilliamknowles@gmail.com; frohwer@gmail.com
RI Thompson, Cristiane/I-5783-2016;
OI Hester, Eric/0000-0002-5232-5574; Quistad, Steven/0000-0003-4384-8100
FU Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Integrated Microbial
Biodiversity Program Fellowship Award [141679]; National Science
Foundation [OISE-1243541, DEB-1046413, CNS-1305112, MCB-1330800,
DUE-1323809]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Investigator Award
[GBMF-3781]; Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq); Brazilian
National Research Council Science Without Borders Program (CNPq/CAPES)
FX This paper is dedicated to the memory of Mike Furlan, mentor, friend,
and colleague. We are grateful to the National Oceanographic and
Atmospheric Administration Coral Reef Ecosystem Division for supporting
this research, and to the captains and crews of the NOAA ship Hi'ialakai
and the Hanse Explorer. Thanks to J. Payet for providing viral and
microbial abundance data. Sampling was carried out under research
permits from the US Fish and Wildlife Service, Palmyra Atoll National
Wildlife Refuge, the Environment and Conservation Division of the
Republic of Kiribati (n. 021/13) and ICMBio, Brazil (n. 27147-2). This
work was funded by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research
Integrated Microbial Biodiversity Program Fellowship Award 141679 (to
F.R.) and National Science Foundation grants OISE-1243541 and
DEB-1046413 (to F.R.), CNS-1305112 and MCB-1330800 (to R.A.E.),
DUE-1323809 (to E.A.D.), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Investigator
Award GBMF-3781 (to F.R.), and the Brazilian National Research Council
(CNPq; to F.T.) and Brazilian National Research Council Science Without
Borders Program (CNPq/CAPES; to C.B.S.).
NR 79
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 23
U2 62
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD MAR 24
PY 2016
VL 531
IS 7595
BP 466
EP +
DI 10.1038/nature17193
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH3QK
UT WOS:000372701300032
PM 26982729
ER
PT J
AU Van Loon, AF
Te Brake, B
Van Huijgevoort, MHJ
Dijksma, R
AF Van Loon, Anne F.
Te Brake, Bram
Van Huijgevoort, Marjolein H. J.
Dijksma, Roel
TI Hydrological Classification, a Practical Tool for Mangrove Restoration
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MEKONG DELTA; FORESTS; MANAGEMENT;
EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; VIETNAM; FUTURE; REHABILITATION
AB Mangrove restoration projects, aimed at restoring important values of mangrove forests after degradation, often fail because hydrological conditions are disregarded. We present a simple, but robust methodology to determine hydrological suitability for mangrove species, which can guide restoration practice. In 15 natural and 8 disturbed sites (i.e. disused shrimp ponds) in three case study regions in south-east Asia, water levels were measured and vegetation species composition was determined. Using an existing hydrological classification for mangroves, sites were classified into hydrological classes, based on duration of inundation, and vegetation classes, based on occurrence of mangrove species. For the natural sites hydrological and vegetation classes were similar, showing clear distribution of mangrove species from wet to dry sites. Application of the classification to disturbed sites showed that in some locations hydrological conditions had been restored enough for mangrove vegetation to establish, in some locations hydrological conditions were suitable for various mangrove species but vegetation had not established naturally, and in some locations hydrological conditions were too wet for any mangrove species (natural or planted) to grow. We quantified the effect that removal of obstructions such as dams would have on the hydrology and found that failure of planting at one site could have been prevented. The hydrological classification needs relatively little data, i.e. water levels for a period of only one lunar tidal cycle without additional measurements, and uncertainties in the measurements and analysis are relatively small. For the study locations, the application of the hydrological classification gave important information about how to restore the hydrology to suitable conditions to improve natural regeneration or to plant mangrove species, which could not have been obtained by estimating elevation only. Based on this research a number of recommendations are given to improve the effectiveness of mangrove restoration projects.
C1 [Van Loon, Anne F.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
[Van Loon, Anne F.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham Inst Forest Res BIFoR, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
[Te Brake, Bram] Eijkelkamp Soil & Water, Giesbeek, Netherlands.
[Te Brake, Bram; Van Huijgevoort, Marjolein H. J.; Dijksma, Roel] Wageningen Univ, Hydrol & Quantitat Water Management Grp, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Van Huijgevoort, Marjolein H. J.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Van Loon, AF (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.; Van Loon, AF (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Birmingham Inst Forest Res BIFoR, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
EM a.f.vanloon@bham.ac.uk
NR 82
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 14
U2 24
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAR 23
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 3
AR e0150302
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0150302
PG 26
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH3QJ
UT WOS:000372701200023
PM 27008277
ER
PT J
AU Miiller, W
Wu, LS
Kim, MS
Orvis, T
Simonson, JW
Gamza, M
McNally, DM
Nelson, CS
Ehlers, G
Podlesnyak, A
Helton, JS
Zhao, Y
Qiu, Y
Copley, JRD
Lynn, JW
Zaliznyak, I
Aronson, MC
AF Miiller, W.
Wu, L. S.
Kim, M. S.
Orvis, T.
Simonson, J. W.
Gamza, M.
McNally, D. M.
Nelson, C. S.
Ehlers, G.
Podlesnyak, A.
Helton, J. S.
Zhao, Y.
Qiu, Y.
Copley, J. R. D.
Lynn, J. W.
Zaliznyak, I.
Aronson, M. C.
TI Magnetic structure of Yb2Pt2Pb: Ising moments on the Shastry-Sutherland
lattice
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPIN SYSTEM; SRCU2(BO3)(2); SPECTROMETER; PLATEAUS;
STATES; MODEL
AB Neutron diffraction measurements were carried out on single crystals and powders of Yb2Pt2Pb, where Yb moments form two interpenetrating planar sublattices of orthogonal dimers, a geometry known as Shastry-Sutherland lattice, and are stacked along the c axis in a ladder geometry. Yb2Pt2Pb orders antiferromagnetically at T-N = 2.07 K, and the magnetic structure determined from these measurements features the interleaving of two orthogonal sublattices into a 5 x 5 x 1 magnetic supercell that is based on stripes with moments perpendicular to the dimer bonds, which are along (110) and (-110). Magnetic fields applied along (110) or (-110) suppress the antiferromagnetic peaks from an individual sublattice, but leave the orthogonal sublattice unaffected, evidence for the Ising character of the Yb moments in Yb2Pt2Pb that is supported by point charge calculations. Specific heat, magnetic susceptibility, and electrical resistivity measurements concur with neutron elastic scattering results that the longitudinal critical fluctuations are gapped with Delta E similar or equal to 0.07 meV.
C1 [Miiller, W.; Wu, L. S.; Kim, M. S.; Orvis, T.; Simonson, J. W.; McNally, D. M.; Aronson, M. C.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Gamza, M.; Zaliznyak, I.; Aronson, M. C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Nelson, C. S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Ehlers, G.; Podlesnyak, A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Helton, J. S.; Zhao, Y.; Qiu, Y.; Copley, J. R. D.; Lynn, J. W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhao, Y.; Qiu, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Aronson, MC (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.; Aronson, MC (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Condensed Matter Phys & Mat Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM maronson@bnl.gov
RI Podlesnyak, Andrey/A-5593-2013; Wu, Liusuo/A-5611-2016; Ehlers,
Georg/B-5412-2008
OI Podlesnyak, Andrey/0000-0001-9366-6319; Wu, Liusuo/0000-0003-0103-5267;
Ehlers, Georg/0000-0003-3513-508X
FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES), Division of Materials Sciences
and Engineering, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC00112704];
National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]; Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy;
[NSF-DMR-1310008]
FX We acknowledge valuable discussions with T. Sakakibara. Work at Stony
Brook University (W.M., L.S.W., M.S.K., T.O., J.W.S., D.M., M.C.A.) was
supported by NSF-DMR-1310008. Work at BNL (M.G., I.Z., A.M.T.) and use
of the NSLS were supported by Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES),
Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, U.S. Department of
Energy (DOE), under Contract No. DE-SC00112704. This work utilized
facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
Agreement No. DMR-0944772. Research conducted at SNS was sponsored by
the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 9
U2 25
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR 22
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 10
AR 104419
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.104419
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DH3VD
UT WOS:000372714000002
ER
PT J
AU Rogers, NJ
Hill-Casey, F
Stupic, KF
Six, JS
Lesbats, C
Rigby, SP
Fraissard, J
Pavlovskaya, GE
Meersmann, T
AF Rogers, Nicola J.
Hill-Casey, Fraser
Stupic, Karl F.
Six, Joseph S.
Lesbats, Clementine
Rigby, Sean P.
Fraissard, Jacques
Pavlovskaya, Galina E.
Meersmann, Thomas
TI Molecular hydrogen and catalytic combustion in the production of
hyperpolarized Kr-83 and Xe-129 MRI contrast agents
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE spin-exchange optical pumping; hyperpolarized noble gas contrast agents;
cryogenic separation; chemical looping combustion; pulmonary imaging
ID LASER-POLARIZED XE-129; NOBLE-GAS MRI; HUMAN LUNG; QUADRUPOLAR
RELAXATION; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; CONTINUOUS-FLOW; RUBIDIUM; DEUTERIUM;
SYSTEM; HE-3
AB Hyperpolarized (hp) Kr-83 is a promising MRI contrast agent for the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases affecting the surface of the respiratory zone. However, the distinct physical properties of Kr-83 that enable unique MRI contrast also complicate the production of hp Kr-83. This work presents a previously unexplored approach in the generation of hp Kr-83 that can likewise be used for the production of hp Xe-129. Molecular nitrogen, typically used as buffer gas in spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP), was replaced by molecular hydrogen without penalty for the achievable hyperpolarization. In this particular study, the highest obtained nuclear spin polarizations were P = 29% for Kr-83 and P = 63% for Xe-129. The results were reproduced over many SEOP cycles despite the laser-induced on-resonance formation of rubidium hydride (RbH). Following SEOP, the H-2 was reactively removed via catalytic combustion without measurable losses in hyperpolarized spin state of either Kr-83 or Xe-129. Highly spin-polarized Kr-83 can now be purified for the first time, to our knowledge, to provide high signal intensity for the advancement of in vivo hp Kr-83 MRI. More generally, a chemical reaction appears as a viable alternative to the cryogenic separation process, the primary purification method of hp Xe-129 for the past 2 1/2 decades. The inherent simplicity of the combustion process will facilitate hp Xe-129 production and should allow for on-demand continuous flow of purified and highly spin-polarized Xe-129.
C1 [Rogers, Nicola J.; Hill-Casey, Fraser; Stupic, Karl F.; Six, Joseph S.; Lesbats, Clementine; Pavlovskaya, Galina E.; Meersmann, Thomas] Univ Nottingham, Sch Med, Div Resp Med, Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Ctr, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Hill-Casey, Fraser; Rigby, Sean P.] Univ Nottingham, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Fraissard, Jacques] Univ Paris 06, Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Rogers, Nicola J.] Univ Durham, Dept Chem, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
[Stupic, Karl F.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Six, Joseph S.] Carestream Hlth Inc, White City, OR 97503 USA.
RP Meersmann, T (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Sch Med, Div Resp Med, Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Ctr, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
EM Thomas.Meersmann@Nottingham.ac.uk
OI Rigby, Sean/0000-0002-2635-3416
FU Medical Research Council [G0900785]; Royal Society through the Paul
Instrument Fund
FX We thank Colin E. Snape for stimulating discussions. This work was
supported in part by the Medical Research Council under Grant G0900785
and by the Royal Society through the Paul Instrument Fund.
NR 61
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 8
U2 23
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD MAR 22
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 12
BP 3164
EP 3168
DI 10.1073/pnas.1600379113
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH0QH
UT WOS:000372488200034
PM 26961001
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, J
Liu, ZY
Zhang, SQ
Liu, W
Dong, LN
Liu, P
Li, HL
AF Cheng, Jun
Liu, Zhengyu
Zhang, Shaoqing
Liu, Wei
Dong, Lina
Liu, Peng
Li, Hongli
TI Reduced interdecadal variability of Atlantic Meridional Overturning
Circulation under global warming
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation; interdecadal variability;
global warming; oceanic stratification; Rossby wave
ID THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; MULTIDECADAL OSCILLATION; OCEAN CIRCULATION;
BASIN MODES; CLIMATE; DYNAMICS; ATMOSPHERE; DRIVEN; MECHANISM; RAINFALL
AB Interdecadal variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC-IV) plays an important role in climate variation and has significant societal impacts. Past climate reconstruction indicates that AMOC-IV has likely undergone significant changes. Despite some previous studies, responses of AMOC-IV to global warming remain unclear, in particular regarding its amplitude and time scale. In this study, we analyze the responses of AMOC-IV under various scenarios of future global warming in multiple models and find that AMOC-IV becomes weaker and shorter with enhanced global warming. From the present climate condition to the strongest future warming scenario, on average, the major period of AMOC-IV is shortened from similar to 50 y to similar to 20 y, and the amplitude is reduced by similar to 60%. These reductions in period and amplitude of AMOC-IV are suggested to be associated with increased oceanic stratification under global warming and, in turn, the speedup of oceanic baroclinic Rossby waves.
C1 [Cheng, Jun; Dong, Lina; Liu, Peng; Li, Hongli] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Polar Climate Syst & Global Change Lab, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Zhengyu] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Liu, Zhengyu] Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Liu, Zhengyu] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Lab Climate & Ocean Atmosphere Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Shaoqing] Princeton Univ, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Liu, Wei] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Cheng, J (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Polar Climate Syst & Global Change Lab, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Liu, ZY (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Liu, ZY (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Liu, ZY (reprint author), Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Lab Climate & Ocean Atmosphere Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM chengjun@nuist.edu.cn; zliu3@wisc.edu
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB955200, 2015CB953902];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [41206024, 41130105]
FX We thank Drs. H.-J. Yang, K. Fraedrich, H. Dijkstra, and X.-Y. Shen for
valuable discussions, and Drs. Y. G. Liu and W. Zhang at Geophysical
Fluid Dynamics Laboratory for their useful comments on an early version
of the manuscript. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's
Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for Coupled
Model Intercomparison Project, and we thank the climate modeling groups
for producing and making available their model outputs. This work is
supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grants
2012CB955200 and 2015CB953902) and the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grants 41206024 and 41130105).
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 11
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD MAR 22
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 12
BP 3175
EP 3178
DI 10.1073/pnas.1519827113
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH0QH
UT WOS:000372488200036
PM 26951654
ER
PT J
AU Richardson, DE
Marancik, KE
Guyon, JR
Lutcavage, ME
Galuardi, B
Lam, CH
Walsh, HJ
Wildes, S
Yates, DA
Hare, JA
AF Richardson, David E.
Marancik, Katrin E.
Guyon, Jeffrey R.
Lutcavage, Molly E.
Galuardi, Benjamin
Lam, Chi Hin
Walsh, Harvey J.
Wildes, Sharon
Yates, Douglas A.
Hare, Jonathan A.
TI Discovery of a spawning ground reveals diverse migration strategies in
Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE ichthyoplankton; Scombridae; large pelagic fish; pop-up satellite
archival tag; population structure
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; WESTERN ATLANTIC; NORTHWESTERN ATLANTIC;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; DIVING BEHAVIOR; THERMAL BIOLOGY; PACIFIC-OCEAN;
LIFE-HISTORY; LARVAE; SATELLITE
AB Atlantic bluefin tuna are a symbol of both the conflict between preservationist and utilitarian views of top ocean predators, and the struggle to reach international consensus on the management of migratory species. Currently, Atlantic bluefin tuna are managed as an early-maturing eastern stock, which spawns in the Mediterranean Sea, and a late-maturing western stock, which spawns in the Gulf of Mexico. However, electronic tagging studies show that many bluefin tuna, assumed to be of a mature size, do not visit either spawning ground during the spawning season. Whether these fish are spawning in an alternate location, skip-spawning, or not spawning until an older age affects how vulnerable this species is to anthropogenic stressors including exploitation. We use larval collections to demonstrate a bluefin tuna spawning ground in the Slope Sea, between the Gulf Stream and northeast United States continental shelf. We contend that western Atlantic bluefin tuna have a differential spawning migration, with larger individuals spawning in the Gulf of Mexico, and smaller individuals spawning in the Slope Sea. The current life history model, which assumes only Gulf of Mexico spawning, overestimates age at maturity for the western stock. Furthermore, individual tuna occupy both the Slope Sea and Mediterranean Sea in separate years, contrary to the prevailing view that individuals exhibit complete spawning-site fidelity. Overall, this complexity of spawning migrations questions whether there is complete independence in the dynamics of eastern and western Atlantic bluefin tuna and leads to lower estimates of the vulnerability of this species to exploitation and other anthropogenic stressors.
C1 [Richardson, David E.; Walsh, Harvey J.; Hare, Jonathan A.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Marancik, Katrin E.] NOAA, Integrated Stat, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Guyon, Jeffrey R.; Wildes, Sharon; Yates, Douglas A.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Lutcavage, Molly E.; Lam, Chi Hin] Univ Massachusetts Boston, Sch Environm, Large Pelag Res Ctr, Gloucester, MA 01931 USA.
[Galuardi, Benjamin] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Fairhaven, MA 02719 USA.
[Galuardi, Benjamin] NOAA, Greater Atlantic Reg Fisheries Off, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
RP Richardson, DE (reprint author), NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM David.Richardson@noaa.gov
FU Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers stipend
FX We thank the Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) Protected
Species Branch for allowing us to sample plankton on their surveys; E.
Broughton and the scientific parties and crews of the NOAA vessels for
implementing the sampling; and fishermen tagging partners E. Murray, A.
Mendillo, W. Chaprales, M. Genovese, E. Clark, E. Stewart, E. Jacquard,
J. Jacquard, and C. Jacquard. M. Konieczna and the ichthyoplankton team
at the Morski Instytut Rybacki in Poland initially identified the
formalin-preserved larvae, and the scientists of the Canadian Centre for
DNA Barcoding sequenced the ethanol-preserved larvae. The Southeast
Fisheries Science Center Pelagic Observer Program provided observer
data. The late Capt. F. Cyganowski and P. C. Wilson are acknowledged for
their contribution to this work. R. Cowen, G. Heinisch, J. Manderson,
and R. Bell reviewed drafts of this manuscript. Funding for this work
was provided by a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and
Engineers stipend. Ship time was supported by NOAA, the Bureau of Ocean
Energy Management, and the US Navy through interagency agreements for
Atlantic Marine Assessment Program for Protected Species (AMAPPS).
NR 57
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 17
U2 33
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD MAR 22
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 12
BP 3299
EP 3304
DI 10.1073/pnas.1525636113
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH0QH
UT WOS:000372488200057
PM 26951668
ER
PT J
AU Patrone, PN
Dienstfrey, A
Browning, AR
Tucker, S
Christensen, S
AF Patrone, Paul N.
Dienstfrey, Andrew
Browning, Andrea R.
Tucker, Samuel
Christensen, Stephen
TI Uncertainty quantification in molecular dynamics studies of the glass
transition temperature
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE Uncertainty quantification; Glass transition temperature; Crosslinked
polymers; Molecular dynamics; High-throughput materials-modeling
workflow
ID CROSS-LINKED EPOXY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; THERMOSET POLYMERS;
SIMULATIONS; PREDICTION; NETWORKS
AB The composites industry is increasingly using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to inform its materials development decisions. As a result, there is growing awareness that simulated predictions require quantitative assessments of their quality in order to routinely provide reliable and actionable information. In the following, we develop a suite of uncertainty quantification (UQ) tools designed to assess simulation-based estimates of the glass transition temperature T-g of polymer systems for aerospace applications. We consider contributions to this uncertainty arising from: (i) identification of asymptotic regimes in density versus temperature relations; (ii) fluctuations associated with limited time-averaging of dynamical noise; (iii) and finite-size effects associated with partial averaging over polymer-network configurations. We present a sequence of analyses by which we assess each of these contributions and quantify their net effect on estimates of T-g. Importantly, these methods suggest more efficient workflows by indicating when multiple small simulations can be combined to yield estimates with uncertainties comparable to larger, more expensive simulations. We expect that related approaches will, in the future, be applicable to other physical quantities of interest as well as to a broader class of computational tools. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Patrone, Paul N.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Math & Its Applicat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Patrone, Paul N.; Dienstfrey, Andrew] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
[Browning, Andrea R.; Tucker, Samuel; Christensen, Stephen] Boeing Co, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Patrone, PN (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Inst Math & Its Applicat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM paul.patrone@nist.gov
FU Institute for Mathematics and its Applications (IMA) by NIST; National
Science Foundation Math Institute [DMS-0931945]
FX PNP was funded through the Institute for Mathematics and its
Applications (IMA) by a grant from NIST to the IMA. The IMA is a
National Science Foundation Math Institute funded under award
DMS-0931945. Thanks to The Boeing Company for providing computational
resources to perform the molecular dynamics simulations.
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
EI 1873-2291
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD MAR 22
PY 2016
VL 87
BP 246
EP 259
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.01.074
PG 14
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DF4WW
UT WOS:000371353200026
ER
PT J
AU Lopez-Barron, CR
Beltramo, PJ
Liu, Y
Choi, SM
Lee, MJ
AF Lopez-Barron, Carlos R.
Beltramo, Peter J.
Liu, Yun
Choi, Sung-Min
Lee, Min-Jae
TI Mechanical, dielectric and structural characterization of cross-linked
PEG-diacrylate/ethylammonium nitrate ionogels
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE Ionogels; Solid electrolytes; Small-angle neutron scattering
ID TEMPERATURE IONIC LIQUIDS; VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES; POLY(ETHYLENE
GLYCOL); ETHYLAMMONIUM NITRATE; LITHIUM BATTERIES; MATERIALS DESIGN;
ELECTROLYTES; GELS; CONDUCTIVITY; TRIBLOCK
AB We report the preparation and characterization of cross-linked ionogels (x-IGs) composed of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) and the protic ionic liquid, ethylammonium nitrate (EAN). The cross-linking process has a huge effect on the mechanical properties of the solutions (forming stiff solids from Newtonian solutions) and a minimum penalty on the ionic conductivity. The interdependence of the mechanical and dielectric properties with the network structure of the x-IGs was studied using three experimental probes: torsion and compression mechanical testing, dielectric spectroscopy and small angle neutron scattering. The microstructure, the mechanical strength and the conductivity of the x-IGs depend strongly on the polymer concentration and weakly on the temperature. High modulus and relatively low conductivities are associated to small cross-link junction lengths, xi, observed in concentrated samples, whereas large xi values, observed in dilute samples, result in high conductivities and relatively low modulus. The topological restriction to ionic transport (i.e., to conductivity) is quantified by the obstruction factor, which increases monotonically with xi, while the shear modulus exhibits a power law behavior, G similar to xi(-3), in accordance to linear viscoelastic theory. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lopez-Barron, Carlos R.] ExxonMobil Chem Co, Baytown, TX 77520 USA.
[Beltramo, Peter J.] Univ Delaware, Ctr Mol & Engn Thermodynam, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Liu, Yun] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Choi, Sung-Min; Lee, Min-Jae] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Daejon, South Korea.
RP Lopez-Barron, CR (reprint author), ExxonMobil Chem Co, Baytown, TX 77520 USA.
EM carlos.r.lopez-barron@exxonmobil.com
RI Beltramo, Peter/J-4276-2012; Liu, Yun/F-6516-2012
OI Beltramo, Peter/0000-0003-3837-4457; Liu, Yun/0000-0002-0944-3153
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-FG02-09ER46626]; National
Research Foundation of Korea [2011-0031931]
FX We wish to thank Professor N. J. Wagner (University of Delaware) for the
use of the facilities at the Center for Neutron Science at the
University of Delaware and for helpful comments. P.J.B acknowledges
support from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under Award No.
DE-FG02-09ER46626. The authors acknowledge the HANARO Center of the
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute for providing access to the 40m
SANS instrument used in this work. MJL is supported by the National
Research Foundation of Korea (No. 2011-0031931).
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 63
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
EI 1873-2291
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD MAR 22
PY 2016
VL 87
BP 300
EP 307
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.02.008
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA DF4WW
UT WOS:000371353200031
ER
PT J
AU Wilcox, BR
Lewandowski, HJ
AF Wilcox, Bethany R.
Lewandowski, H. J.
TI Students' epistemologies about experimental physics: Validating the
Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey for experimental
physics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW PHYSICS EDUCATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS; BELIEFS
AB Student learning in instructional physics labs represents a growing area of research that includes investigations of students' beliefs and expectations about the nature of experimental physics. To directly probe students' epistemologies about experimental physics and support broader lab transformation efforts at the University of Colorado Boulder and elsewhere, we developed the Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey for experimental physics (E-CLASS). Previous work with this assessment has included establishing the accuracy and clarity of the instrument through student interviews and preliminary testing. Several years of data collection at multiple institutions has resulted in a growing national data set of student responses. Here, we report on results of the analysis of these data to investigate the statistical validity and reliability of the E-CLASS as a measure of students' epistemologies for a broad student population. We find that the E-CLASS demonstrates an acceptable level of both validity and reliability on measures of item and test discrimination, test-retest reliability, partial-sample reliability, internal consistency, concurrent validity, and convergent validity. We also examine students' responses using principal component analysis and find that, as expected, the E-CLASS does not exhibit strong factors (a.k.a. categories).
C1 [Wilcox, Bethany R.; Lewandowski, H. J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, 390 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lewandowski, H. J.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lewandowski, H. J.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Wilcox, BR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, 390 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU NSF-IUSE Grant [DUE-1432204]
FX This work was funded by the NSF-IUSE Grant No. DUE-1432204. We give
particular thanks to Benjamin Zwickl for his work on the initial
development and validation of the E-CLASS. We give additional thanks to
the members of PER@C for all their help and feedback.
NR 36
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Z9 8
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9896
J9 PHYS REV PHYS EDUC R
JI Phys. Rev. Phys. Educ. Res.
PD MAR 21
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 1
AR UNSP 010123
DI 10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.12.010123
PG 11
WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Education & Educational Research
GA EJ7DI
UT WOS:000393381100001
ER
PT J
AU Zhdankin, V
Boldyrev, S
Chen, CHK
AF Zhdankin, Vladimir
Boldyrev, Stanislav
Chen, Christopher H. K.
TI Intermittency of energy dissipation in Alfvenic turbulence
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE MHD; plasmas; turbulence; solar wind
ID FULLY-DEVELOPED TURBULENCE; 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC
TURBULENCE; LOG-POISSON STATISTICS; SOLAR-WIND TURBULENCE; HIGH
REYNOLDS-NUMBER; GAMMA-RAY FLARES; SCALING PROPERTIES; MAGNETIC-FIELD;
VELOCITY FLUCTUATIONS; ULYSSES MISSION
AB We investigate the intermittency of energy dissipation in Alfvenic turbulence by considering the statistics of the coarse-grained energy dissipation rate, using direct measurements from numerical simulations of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence and surrogate measurements from the solar wind. We compare the results to the predictions of the log-normal and log-Poisson random cascade models. We find that, to a very good approximation, the log-normal model describes the probability density function for the energy dissipation over a broad range of scales, but does not accurately describe the scaling exponents of the moments. The log-Poisson model better describes the scaling exponents of the moments, while the comparison with the probability density function is not straightforward.
C1 [Zhdankin, Vladimir] Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Zhdankin, Vladimir] NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Zhdankin, Vladimir] Univ Colorado, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Boldyrev, Stanislav] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Boldyrev, Stanislav] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Chen, Christopher H. K.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England.
RP Zhdankin, V (reprint author), Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Zhdankin, V (reprint author), NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Zhdankin, V (reprint author), Univ Colorado, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM zhdankin@jila.colorado.edu
FU NSF Center for Magnetic Self-Organization in Laboratory and
Astrophysical Plasmas at the University of Wisconsin-Madison; Space
Science Institute; NASA [NNX11AE12G]; National Science Foundation [NSF
AGS-1261659]; Imperial College Junior Research fellowship
FX The authors would like to thank Jean Carlos Perez and Joanne Mason for
providing data cubes for several of the numerical simulations analysed
in this Letter. This research was supported by the NSF Center for
Magnetic Self-Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas at
the University of Wisconsin-Madison. SB is also supported by the Space
Science Institute, by the NASA grant NNX11AE12G, and by the National
Science Foundation under the grant NSF AGS-1261659. CHKC is supported by
an Imperial College Junior Research fellowship.
NR 52
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD MAR 21
PY 2016
VL 457
IS 1
BP L69
EP L73
DI 10.1093/mnrasl/slv208
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DO9GY
UT WOS:000378094600015
ER
PT J
AU Grieve, BD
Curchitser, EN
Rykaczewski, RR
AF Grieve, Brian D.
Curchitser, Enrique N.
Rykaczewski, Ryan R.
TI Range expansion of the invasive lionfish in the Northwest Atlantic with
climate change
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Lionfish; Climate change; Biogeography; Invasive species; Southeast
United States Continental Shelf; CMIP5
ID INDO-PACIFIC LIONFISH; PTEROIS-VOLITANS/MILES COMPLEX; STATES
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; UNITED-STATES; RED LIONFISH; COAST; SCORPAENIDAE;
FISHES; MODEL; OCEAN
AB Growing populations of invasive lionfishes Pterois volitans and P. miles have had detrimental impacts on native marine fish communities and transformed many of the reef ecosystems of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. Over the last 3 decades, suitable environmental conditions and lack of natural biological controls have allowed lionfish populations to expand into areas ranging from the tropical waters of the Caribbean to the northern portions of the shelf break along the Southeast United States Continental Shelf (SEUSCS) during all months of the year. Under current climate conditions, continued expansion to waters further north or inshore from the shelf break is unlikely, given the physiological thermal tolerance of lionfish and the cooler temperatures of these waters. However, the geographic range of suitable environments may expand in the future with climate change. Here, we develop a conceptual model of the physical climate niche of lionfish and use projections of future ocean temperatures and salinities to explore potential lionfish habitat through the year 2100 under conditions of anthropogenic climate change. Without successful culling efforts or implementation of climate-change mitigation strategies, the spatial extent of suitable year-round lionfish habitat is expected to increase 45% on the SEUSCS during the 21st century, covering 90% of the region. Establishment of resident populations north of Cape Hatteras is unlikely. Nevertheless, in the coming decades, the potential impact of continued lionfish invasion on the valuable marine ecosystems of the SEUSCS is cause for concern.
C1 [Grieve, Brian D.; Rykaczewski, Ryan R.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Curchitser, Enrique N.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Rykaczewski, Ryan R.] Univ S Carolina, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Grieve, Brian D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Grieve, BD (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.; Grieve, BD (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM bgrieve@email.sc.edu
RI Rykaczewski, Ryan/A-8625-2016
OI Rykaczewski, Ryan/0000-0001-8893-872X
FU University of South Carolina
FX Much of the work presented here was funded by the University of South
Carolina. We thank Dujuan Kang for advice and technical support during
use of the ROMS simulation, and Matt Kimball and Paula Whitfield for
providing expertise and guidance on the project. We acknowledge Pam
Schofield and the contributors to the USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species
database, as well as NOAA for collecting and publishing bottom water
trawl survey data. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's
Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for the Coupled
Model Intercomparison Project, and we thank the climate modeling groups
(listed in Table S1) for producing and making available their model
output. Lastly, we thank the 3 reviewers for providing helpful feedback.
NR 71
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U1 41
U2 83
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD MAR 21
PY 2016
VL 546
BP 225
EP 237
DI 10.3354/meps11638
PG 13
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA DJ5IQ
UT WOS:000374240800018
ER
PT J
AU Friedman, LH
Levin, I
Cook, RF
AF Friedman, Lawrence H.
Levin, Igor
Cook, Robert F.
TI Stochastic behavior of nanoscale dielectric wall buckling
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; ELASTIC-MODULI; PERFORMANCE; ELECTRONICS; CONVECTION;
MECHANICS; SUBSTRATE; POLYMER
AB The random buckling patterns of nanoscale dielectric walls are analyzed using a nonlinear multiscale stochastic method that combines experimental measurements with simulations. The dielectric walls, approximately 200 nm tall and 20 nm wide, consist of compliant, low dielectric constant (low-k) fins capped with stiff, compressively stressed TiN lines that provide the driving force for buckling. The deflections of the buckled lines exhibit sinusoidal pseudoperiodicity with amplitude fluctuation and phase decorrelation arising from stochastic variations in wall geometry, properties, and stress state at length scales shorter than the characteristic deflection wavelength of about 1000 nm. The buckling patterns are analyzed and modeled at two length scales: a longer scale (up to 5000 nm) that treats randomness as a longer-scale measurable quantity, and a shorter-scale (down to 20 nm) that treats buckling as a deterministic phenomenon. Statistical simulation is used to join the two length scales. Through this approach, the buckling model is validated and material properties and stress states are inferred. In particular, the stress state of TiN lines in three different systems is determined, along with the elastic moduli of low-k fins and the amplitudes of the smallscale random fluctuations in wall properties-all in the as-processed state. The important case of stochastic effects giving rise to buckling in a deterministically sub-critical buckling state is demonstrated. The nonlinear multiscale stochastic analysis provides guidance for design of low-k structures with acceptable buckling behavior and serves as a template for how randomness that is common to nanoscale phenomena might be measured and analyzed in other contexts.
C1 [Friedman, Lawrence H.; Levin, Igor; Cook, Robert F.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cook, RF (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM robert.cook@nist.gov
RI Friedman, Lawrence/G-5650-2011
OI Friedman, Lawrence/0000-0003-2416-9903
NR 52
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD MAR 21
PY 2016
VL 119
IS 11
AR 114305
DI 10.1063/1.4943615
PG 12
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DI3FG
UT WOS:000373383300024
ER
PT J
AU Lin, K
Gong, PF
Sun, J
Ma, HQ
Wang, Y
You, L
Deng, JX
Chen, J
Lin, ZS
Kato, K
Wu, H
Huang, QZ
Xing, XR
AF Lin, Kun
Gong, Pifu
Sun, Jing
Ma, Hongqiang
Wang, You
You, Li
Deng, Jinxia
Chen, Jun
Lin, Zheshuai
Kato, Kenichi
Wu, Hui
Huang, Qingzhen
Xing, Xianran
TI Thermal Expansion and Second Harmonic Generation Response of the
Tungsten Bronze Pb2AgNb5O15
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLAR MATERIAL; BA0.5-XTAO3-X; ZRW2O8
AB The incorporation of transition metal element Ag was performed to explore negative thermal expansion (NTE) materials with tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) structures. In this study, the structure and thermal expansion behaviors of a polar TTB oxide, Pb2AgNb5O15 (PAN), were systematically investigated by high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction, high-resolution neutron powder diffraction, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and high-temperature X-ray diffractions. The TEM and Rietveld refinements revealed that the compound PAN displays (a(TTB), 2b(TTB), 2c(TTB))-type superstructure. This superstructure within the a-b plane is caused by the ordering of A-site cations, while the doubling of the c axis is mainly induced by a slight tilt distortion of the NbO6 octahedra. The transition metal Ag has larger spontaneous polarization displacements than Pb, but the Pb-O covalence seems to be weakened compared to the potassium counterpart Pb2KNb5O15 (PKN), which may account for the similar Curie temperature and uniaxial NTE behavior for PAN and PKN. Powder second harmonic generation (SHG) measurement indicates that PAN displays a moderate SHG response of similar to 0.2 xX LiNbO3 (or similar to 100 X alpha-SiO2) under 1064 nm laser radiation. The magnitudes of the local dipole moments in NbO6 and PbOx polyhedra were quantified using bond-valence approach. We show that the SHG response stems from the superposition of dipole moments of both the PbOx and NbO6 polyhedra.
C1 [Lin, Kun; Sun, Jing; Ma, Hongqiang; Wang, You; Deng, Jinxia; Chen, Jun; Xing, Xianran] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Dept Phys Chem, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[You, Li] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met & Mat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Gong, Pifu; Lin, Zheshuai] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Ctr Crystal R&D, Tech Inst Phys & Chem, Key Lab Funct Crystals & Laser Technol, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Kato, Kenichi] RIKEN SPring 8 Ctr, Mikazuki, Hyogo 6795148, Japan.
[Wu, Hui; Huang, Qingzhen] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wu, Hui] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Xing, XR (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Dept Phys Chem, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Lin, ZS (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Ctr Crystal R&D, Tech Inst Phys & Chem, Key Lab Funct Crystals & Laser Technol, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
EM zslin@mail.ipc.ac.cn; xing@ustb.edu.cn
RI Lin, Zheshuai/K-6844-2012; Wu, Hui/C-6505-2008
OI Lin, Zheshuai/0000-0002-9829-9893; Wu, Hui/0000-0003-0296-5204
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [91022016, 21031005,
21231001, 91422301, 21590793]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and
Innovative Research Team in University [IRT1207]; Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities, China [FRF-SD-13-008A]
FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
(Grant Nos. 91022016, 21031005, 21231001, 91422301, 21590793), Program
for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University
(IRT1207), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities, China (Grant No. FRF-SD-13-008A). The synchrotron
radiation experiments were performed at the BL44B2 of SPring-8 with the
approval of the Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI)
(Proposal No. 2015B1127). We thank Prof. J. Sun, Prof. G. Li, and Z.
Zhou (Peking Univ.) for their help with the single-crystal diffraction
measurements. We also thank Prof. K. M. Ok (Chung-Ang Univ.) for his
useful discussion on the dipole moment calculations.
NR 35
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U1 3
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
EI 1520-510X
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD MAR 21
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 6
BP 2864
EP 2869
DI 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02702
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA DH3HJ
UT WOS:000372677800023
PM 26928907
ER
PT J
AU Salvesen, G
Simon, JB
Armitage, PJ
Begelman, MC
AF Salvesen, Greg
Simon, Jacob B.
Armitage, Philip J.
Begelman, Mitchell C.
TI Accretion disc dynamo activity in local simulations spanning
weak-to-strong net vertical magnetic flux regimes
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion discs; dynamo; instabilities; MHD; turbulence;
X-rays: binaries
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; QUASI-PERIODIC
OSCILLATIONS; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM TRANSPORT; BINARY STATE TRANSITIONS;
BLACK-HOLE CANDIDATES; X-RAY BINARIES; MAGNETOROTATIONAL INSTABILITY;
RIEMANN SOLVER; TURBULENCE; DRIVEN
AB Strongly magnetized accretion discs around black holes have attractive features that may explain enigmatic aspects of X-ray binary behaviour. The structure and evolution of these discs are governed by a dynamo-like mechanism, which channels part of the accretion power liberated by the magnetorotational instability (MRI) into an ordered toroidal magnetic field. To study dynamo activity, we performed three-dimensional, stratified, isothermal, ideal magneto-hydrodynamic shearing box simulations. The strength of the self-sustained toroidal magnetic field depends on the net vertical magnetic flux, which we vary across almost the entire range over which the MRI is linearly unstable. We quantify disc structure and dynamo properties as a function of the initial ratio of mid-plane gas pressure to vertical magnetic field pressure, beta(mid)(0) = p(gas)/p(B). For 10(5) >= beta(mid)(0) >= 10 the effective alpha-viscosity parameter scales as a power law. Dynamo activity persists up to and including beta(0) (mid) = 10(2), at which point the entire vertical column of the disc is magnetic pressure dominated. Still stronger fields result in a highly inhomogeneous disc structure, with large density fluctuations. We show that the turbulent steady state beta(mid) in our simulations is well matched by the analytic model of Begelman et al. describing the creation and buoyant escape of toroidal field, while the vertical structure of the disc can be broadly reproduced using this model. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results for observed properties of X-ray binaries.
C1 [Salvesen, Greg; Simon, Jacob B.; Armitage, Philip J.; Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Salvesen, Greg; Simon, Jacob B.; Armitage, Philip J.; Begelman, Mitchell C.] NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Salvesen, Greg; Armitage, Philip J.; Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, 391 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Simon, Jacob B.] Southwest Res Inst, Dept Space Studies, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
RP Salvesen, G (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Salvesen, G (reprint author), NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Salvesen, G (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, 391 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM salvesen@colorado.edu
FU NASA Earth and Space Science Graduate Fellowship program; California
Institute of Technology (Caltech); Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) -
NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; NASA Exoplanet Science
Institute; NASA under Astrophysics Theory Program [NNX11AE12G,
NNX14AB42G]; NSF [AST-1313021, AST-1411879]; National Science Foundation
[CNS-0821794]; University of Colorado Boulder
FX We thank the anonymous referee for her/his constructive comments and
suggestions, which improved this paper. GS acknowledges support through
the NASA Earth and Space Science Graduate Fellowship program. JBS's
support was provided in part under contract with the California
Institute of Technology (Caltech) and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
(JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by
the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. PJA acknowledges support from NASA
under Astrophysics Theory Program awards NNX11AE12G and NNX14AB42G, and
from the NSF under award AST-1313021. MCB acknowledges support from NSF
grant AST-1411879. This work used the JANUS supercomputer, which is
supported by the National Science Foundation (award number CNS-0821794)
and the University of Colorado Boulder. The JANUS supercomputer is a
joint effort of the University of Colorado Boulder, the University of
Colorado Denver, and the National Center for Atmospheric Research. This
work used the yt project (Turk et al. 2011), an open source data
analysis and visualization toolkit for astrophysical simulations.
NR 58
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U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD MAR 21
PY 2016
VL 457
IS 1
BP 857
EP 874
DI 10.1093/mnras/stw029
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DH2FM
UT WOS:000372599600059
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, XY
Huang, PH
Hu, XD
AF Zhao, Xinyu
Huang, Peihao
Hu, Xuedong
TI Doppler effect induced spin relaxation boom
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM DOTS; SPINTRONICS; ELECTRONS; FEEDBACK
AB We study an electron spin qubit confined in a moving quantum dot (QD), with our attention on both spin relaxation, and the product of spin relaxation, the emitted phonons. We find that Doppler effect leads to several interesting phenomena. In particular, spin relaxation rate peaks when the QD motion is in the transonic regime, which we term a spin relaxation boom in analogy to the classical sonic boom. This peak indicates that a moving spin qubit may have even lower relaxation rate than a static qubit, pointing at the possibility of coherence-preserving transport for a spin qubit. We also find that the emitted phonons become strongly directional and narrow in their frequency range as the qubit reaches the supersonic regime, similar to Cherenkov radiation. In other words, fast moving excited spin qubits can act as a source of non-classical phonons. Compared to classical Cherenkov radiation, we show that quantum dot confinement produces a small but important correction on the Cherenkov angle. Taking together, these results have important implications to both spin-based quantum information processing and coherent phonon dynamics in semiconductor nanostructures.
C1 [Zhao, Xinyu; Huang, Peihao; Hu, Xuedong] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Huang, Peihao] NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Huang, Peihao] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Zhao, XY (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM xyzacademic@gmail.com
RI Zhao, Xinyu/I-4198-2013; Huang, Peihao/D-2007-2010
OI Huang, Peihao/0000-0002-9835-6667
FU US ARO [W911NF0910393]; NSF PIF [PHY-1104672]
FX We thank fruitful discussions with Jo-Tzu Hung, and acknowledge
financial support by US ARO (W911NF0910393) and NSF PIF (PHY-1104672).
NR 39
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U1 0
U2 4
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD MAR 21
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 23169
DI 10.1038/srep23169
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DG9YF
UT WOS:000372439000001
PM 26996253
ER
PT J
AU Coakley, KJ
Dewey, MS
Huber, MG
Huffer, CR
Huffman, PR
Marley, DE
Mumm, HP
O'Shaughnessy, CM
Schelhammer, KW
Thompson, AK
Yue, AT
AF Coakley, K. J.
Dewey, M. S.
Huber, M. G.
Huffer, C. R.
Huffman, P. R.
Marley, D. E.
Mumm, H. P.
O'Shaughnessy, C. M.
Schelhammer, K. W.
Thompson, A. K.
Yue, A. T.
TI Survival analysis approach to account for non-exponential decay rate
effects in lifetime experiments
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Competing risks; Magnetic trapping; Marginally trapped neutrons; Neutron
lifetime; Survival analysis; Symplectic integration
ID ULTRACOLD NEUTRONS; COMPETING RISKS; MODELS; TIMES; TRAP
AB In experiments that measure the lifetime of trapped particles, in addition to loss mechanisms with exponential survival probability functions, particles can be lost by mechanisms with non-exponential survival probability functions. Failure to account for such loss mechanisms produces systematic measurement error and associated systematic uncertainties in these measurements. In this work, we develop a general competing risks survival analysis method to account for the joint effect of loss mechanisms with either exponential or non-exponential survival probability functions, and a method to quantify the size of systematic effects and associated uncertainties for lifetime estimates. As a case study, we apply our survival analysis formalism and method to the Ultra Cold Neutron lifetime experiment at NIST. In this experiment, neutrons can escape a magnetic trap before they decay due to a wall loss mechanism with an associated non-exponential survival probability function. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Coakley, K. J.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Dewey, M. S.; Huber, M. G.; Marley, D. E.; Mumm, H. P.; Thompson, A. K.; Yue, A. T.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8461, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Huffer, C. R.; Huffman, P. R.; Marley, D. E.; Schelhammer, K. W.] N Carolina State Univ, 2401 Stinson Dr,Box 8202, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Huffer, C. R.; Huffman, P. R.; O'Shaughnessy, C. M.; Schelhammer, K. W.] Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, 116 Sci Dr,Box 90308, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[O'Shaughnessy, C. M.] Univ N Carolina, 120 E Cameron Ave,CB 3255, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
RP Coakley, KJ (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM kevincoakley@nist.gov
OI Huffman, Paul/0000-0002-2562-1378
FU NIST, US Department of Commerce; US National Science Foundation
[PHY-0855593]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-97ER41042]
FX We thank Grace Yang for useful comments. We acknowledge the support of
the NIST, US Department of Commerce, in providing support, including the
neutron facilities used in this work. This work is also supported in
part by the US National Science Foundation under Grant no. PHY-0855593
and the US Department of Energy under Grant no. DE-FG02-97ER41042.
Contributions by staff of NIST, an agency of the US government, are not
subject to copyright in the US.
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U1 2
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
EI 1872-9576
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD MAR 21
PY 2016
VL 813
BP 84
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2015.12.064
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA DC6ZV
UT WOS:000369369000011
ER
PT J
AU Shahi, CB
Arif, M
Cory, DG
Mineeva, T
Nsofini, J
Sarenac, D
Williams, CJ
Huber, MG
Pushin, DA
AF Shahi, C. B.
Arif, M.
Cory, D. G.
Mineeva, T.
Nsofini, J.
Sarenac, D.
Williams, C. J.
Huber, M. G.
Pushin, D. A.
TI A new polarized neutron interferometry facility at the NCNR
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutron interferometry; Polarized neutrons; Quantum information science
ID PHASE-SHIFT; ROTATION; SCATTERING; DEVICES
AB A new monochromatic beamline and facility has been installed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) devoted to neutron interferometry in the research areas of spin control, spin manipulation, quantum mechanics, quantum information science, spintronics, and material science. This facility is possible in part because of advances in decoherence free subspace interferometer designs that have demonstrated consistent contrast in the presence of vibrational noise; a major environmental constraint that has prevented neutron interferometry from being applied at other neutron facilities. Neutron interferometry measures the phase difference between a neutron wave function propagating along two spatially separated paths. It is a practical example of self interference and due to its modest path separation of a few centimeters allows the insertion of samples and macroscopic neutron spin rotators. Phase shifts can be caused by gravitational, magnetic and nuclear interactions as well as purely quantum mechanical effects making interferometer a robust tool in neutron research. This new facility is located in the guide hall of the NCNR upstream of the existing Neutron Interferometry and Optics Facility (NIOF) and has several advantages over the NIOF including higher incident flux, better neutron polarization, and increased accessibility. The long term goal for the new facility is to be a user supported beamline and makes neutron interferometer more generally available to the scientific community. This paper addresses both the capabilities and characteristics of the new facility. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Shahi, C. B.] Tulane Univ, Phys & Engn Phys Dept, New Orleans, LA 70188 USA.
[Arif, M.; Williams, C. J.; Huber, M. G.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Cory, D. G.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Cory, D. G.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada.
[Cory, D. G.; Nsofini, J.; Sarenac, D.; Pushin, D. A.] Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Cory, D. G.; Mineeva, T.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
[Nsofini, J.; Sarenac, D.; Pushin, D. A.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
RP Huber, MG (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Pushin, DA (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
EM michael.huber@nist.gov; dmitry.pushin@uwaterloo.ca
OI Pushin, Dmitry/0000-0002-4594-3403; Nsofini, Joachim/0000-0003-0861-478X
FU NSERC; CERC; NIST; NSF [PHY-1205342]
FX We are very grateful for the engineering and technical support staff of
NCNR and NIST without which this addition would not have been possible.
Specifically, we would like to thank D. Pierce for all his work on
implementing the guide cut, J. Barker and C. Gagnon for a disk chopper,
and G. Balitc for technical assistance. Financial support provided by
the NSERC "Create" and "Discovery" programs, CERC and the NIST Quantum
Information Program, and NSF Grant PHY-1205342 is acknowledged. DAQ
software is written and maintained by D.L. Jacobson. We greatly
appreciate interferometry discussions with S.A. Werner. This work is
supported by NIST.
NR 38
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U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
EI 1872-9576
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD MAR 21
PY 2016
VL 813
BP 111
EP 122
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2016.01.023
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA DC6ZV
UT WOS:000369369000014
ER
PT J
AU Uhrin, AV
Townsend, PA
AF Uhrin, Amy V.
Townsend, Philip A.
TI Improved seagrass mapping using linear spectral unmixing of aerial
photographs
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Seagrass spatial configuration; Seagrass classification; Linear spectral
unmixing; Visual photointerpretation; Remote sensing; Digital aerial
photography; North Carolina
ID SUBMERSED AQUATIC VEGETATION; NORTH-CAROLINA; WATER DEPTH; HYPERSPECTRAL
IMAGERY; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; SHALLOW WATERS; CORAL-REEF; LAND-USE;
LANDSCAPE; HABITAT
AB Mapping of seagrass is challenging, particularly in areas where seagrass cover ranges from extensive, continuous meadows to aggregations of patchy mounds often no more than a meter across. Manual delineation of seagrass habitat polygons through visual photointerpretation of high resolution aerial imagery remains the most widely adopted approach for mapping seagrass extent but polygons often include unvegetated gaps. Although mapped polygon data exist for many estuaries, these are likely insufficient to accurately characterize spatial pattern or estimate area actually occupied by seagrass. We evaluated whether a linear spectral unmixing (LSU) classifier applied to manually-delineated seagrass polygons clipped from digital aerial images could improve mapping of seagrass in North Carolina. Representative seagrass endmembers were chosen directly from images and used to unmix image-clipped polygons, resulting in fraction planes (maps) of the proportion of seagrass present in each image pixel.
Thresholding was used to generate seagrass maps for each pixel proportion from 0 (no thresholding, all pixel proportions included) to 1 (only pixels having 100% seagrass) in 0.1 increments. The optimal pixel proportion for identifying seagrass was assessed using Euclidean distance calculated from Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and overall thematic accuracy calculated from confusion matrices. We assessed overall classifier performance using Kappa statistics and Area Under the (ROC) Curve (AUC). We compared seagrass area calculated from each threshold map to the total area of the corresponding manually-delineated polygon. LSU effectively classified seagrass and performed better than a random classification as indicated by high values for both Kappa statistics (0.72-98) and AUC (0.80-0.99). The LSU classifier effectively distinguished between seagrass and bare substrate resulting in fine-scale sea grass maps with overall thematic accuracies that exceeded our expected accuracy target of 85% (range: 86.3-99.0%) and were comparable to those reported from previous seagrass mapping studies utilizing aerial image spectral data. The pixel proportion producing seagrass maps with highest accuracy varied among sites (range: 0 to 0.5). The optimal pixel proportion determined from Euclidean distance varied among sites (range: 0.2 to 0.6) and differed from those having highest accuracy. Importantly, the classifier identified small patches of seagrass, resulting in seagrass area estimates that were 2-94% lower than the area of the corresponding habitat polygon. We conclude that where seagrass polygon data exist, LSU can be used together with photointerpretation to generate spatially resolved maps suitable for analysis of seagrass spatial configuration and provide improved estimates of actual seagrass acreage. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Uhrin, Amy V.] Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Dept Commerce, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv,Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Uhrin, Amy V.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Ecosyst & Landscape Ecol Lab, 430 Lincoln Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Townsend, Philip A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Russell Labs, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Uhrin, Amy V.] Natl Ocean Serv, Dept Commerce, NOAA, Off Response & Restorat,Marine Debris Div, 1305 East West Highway,SSMC4 Room 10-240, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Uhrin, AV (reprint author), Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Dept Commerce, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv,Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.; Uhrin, AV (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Ecosyst & Landscape Ecol Lab, 430 Lincoln Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Uhrin, AV (reprint author), Natl Ocean Serv, Dept Commerce, NOAA, Off Response & Restorat,Marine Debris Div, 1305 East West Highway,SSMC4 Room 10-240, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM amy.uhrin@noaa.gov; ptownsend@wisc.edu
RI Townsend, Philip/B-5741-2008
OI Townsend, Philip/0000-0001-7003-8774
FU NOAA National Ocean Service Coastal Science Board; National Centers for
Coastal Ocean Science; University of Wisconsin-Madison
FX Funding was provided by the NOAA National Ocean Service Coastal Science
Board with indirect support from the National Centers for Coastal Ocean
Science and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Aerial imagery was
generously provided by the Albemarle-Pamlico National Estuary
Partnership. We thank X. Liu, M. Ozdogan, R. Phetteplace, and B. Spaier
for technical assistance. We benefited from discussion with P. Blank, J.
Brandt, E. Erdmann, M. Fonseca, M. Garcia, R. Graves, B. Harvey, M.
Jackson, J. Qiu, and T. Whitby. The manuscript was strengthened by
comments from D. Field, M. Finkbeiner, C. Hu, P. Marraro, M. Turner, J.
Zedler and two anonymous reviewers assigned by the journal. The views
expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of NOAA.
NR 91
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U1 12
U2 29
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
EI 1096-0015
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD MAR 20
PY 2016
VL 171
BP 11
EP 22
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2016.01.021
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DJ4SX
UT WOS:000374199400002
ER
PT J
AU Wang, MH
Naik, P
Son, S
AF Wang, Menghua
Naik, Puneeta
Son, SeungHyun
TI Out-of-band effects of satellite ocean color sensors
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER-LEAVING RADIANCE; EAST CHINA SEA; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION;
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CHESAPEAKE BAY; YELLOW SEA; BOHAI SEA; SEAWIFS;
REFLECTANCE; ALGORITHM
AB We analyze the sensor out-of-band (OOB) effects for satellite ocean color sensors of the sea-viewing wild field-of-view sensor (SeaWiFS), the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), and the visible infrared imaging radiometer suite (VIIRS) for phytoplankton-dominated open oceans and turbid coastal and inland waters, following the approach of Wang et al. [Appl. Opt. 40, 343 (2001)]. The applicability of the open ocean water reflectance model of Morel and Maritorena [J. Geophys. Res. 106, 7163 (2001)] (MM01) for the sensor OOB effects is analyzed for oligotrophic waters in Hawaii. The MM01 model predicted OOB contributions for oligotrophic waters are consistent with the result from in situ measurements. The OOB effects cause an apparent shift in sensor band center wavelengths in radiometric response, which depends on the sensor spectral response function and the target radiance being measured. Effective band center wavelength is introduced and calculated for three satellite sensors and for various water types. Using the effective band center wavelengths, satellite and in situ measured water optical property data can be more meaningfully and accurately compared. It is found that, for oligotrophic waters, the OOB effect is significant for the SeaWiFS 555 nm band (and somewhat 510 nm band), MODIS 412 nm band, and VIIRS 551 nm band. VIIRS and SeaWiFS have similar sensor OOB performance. For coastal and inland waters, however, the OOB effect is generally not significant for all three sensors, even though some small OOB effects do exist. This study highlights the importance of understanding the sensor OOB effect and the necessity of a complete prelaunch sensor characterization on the quality of ocean color products. Furthermore, it shows that hyperspectral in situ optics measurements are preferred for the purpose of accurately validating satellite-measured normalized water-leaving radiance spectra data. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Wang, Menghua; Naik, Puneeta; Son, SeungHyun] NOAA NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, E RA3,5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Naik, Puneeta; Son, SeungHyun] Colorado State Univ, CIRA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Wang, MH (reprint author), NOAA NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, E RA3,5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Menghua.Wang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Menghua/F-5631-2010
OI Wang, Menghua/0000-0001-7019-3125
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Joint Polar
Satellite System (JPSS)
FX National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Joint Polar
Satellite System (JPSS).
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PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD MAR 20
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 9
BP 2312
EP 2323
DI 10.1364/AO.55.002312
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DI3LO
UT WOS:000373400400027
PM 27140568
ER
PT J
AU Gault, B
Saxey, DW
Ashton, MW
Sinnott, SB
Chiaramonti, AN
Moody, MP
Schreiber, DK
AF Gault, Baptiste
Saxey, David W.
Ashton, Michael W.
Sinnott, Susan B.
Chiaramonti, Ann N.
Moody, Michael P.
Schreiber, Daniel K.
TI Behavior of molecules and molecular ions near a field emitter
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE field evaporation; field ionization; atom probe tomography (APT);
molecular dissociation
ID ATOM-PROBE TOMOGRAPHY; POSITION-SENSITIVE DETECTOR; EVAPORATED IONS;
POST-IONIZATION; DIRECTIONAL WALK; ELECTRIC-FIELDS; QUANTUM-THEORY;
CHARGE STATES; CLUSTER IONS; DESORPTION
AB The cold emission of particles from surfaces under intense electric fields is a process which underpins a variety of applications including atom probe tomography (APT), an analytical microscopy technique with near-atomic spatial resolution. Increasingly relying on fast laser pulsing to trigger the emission, APT experiments often incorporate the detection of molecular ions emitted from the specimen, in particular from covalently or ionically bonded materials. Notably, it has been proposed that neutral molecules can also be emitted during this process. However, this remains a contentious issue. To investigate the validity of this hypothesis, a careful review of the literature is combined with the development of new methods to treat experimental APT data, the modeling of ion trajectories, and the application of density-functional theory simulations to derive molecular ion energetics. It is shown that the direct thermal emission of neutral molecules is extremely unlikely. However, neutrals can still be formed in the course of an APT experiment by dissociation of metastable molecular ions.
C1 [Gault, Baptiste; Moody, Michael P.] Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Parks Rd, Oxford OX13PH, England.
[Gault, Baptiste] Max Planck Inst Eisenforsch GmbH, Dept Microstruct Phys & Alloy Design, D-40237 Dusseldorf, Germany.
[Saxey, David W.] Curtin Univ, Adv Resource Characterisat Facil, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
[Saxey, David W.] Curtin Univ, John Laeter Ctr, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
[Ashton, Michael W.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Sinnott, Susan B.] Penn State Univ, Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Chiaramonti, Ann N.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Schreiber, Daniel K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Gault, B (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Mat, Parks Rd, Oxford OX13PH, England.
EM b.gault@mpie.de
RI Moody, Michael/H-9377-2013;
OI Moody, Michael/0000-0002-9256-0966; Sinnott, Susan/0000-0002-3598-0403;
Gault, Baptiste/0000-0002-4934-0458; Saxey, David/0000-0001-7433-946X
FU Drs Brian Geiser & Drs David Larson (Cameca); EPSRC [GR/S49391/01]; UK
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
[EP/077664/1]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
FX BG acknowledges Shyeh Tjing (Cleo) Loi (University of Sydney) who
performed the BEM simulations, with support from Drs Brian Geiser & Drs
David Larson (Cameca). Dr Frederic De Geuser (CNRS, UJF, France) is
acknowledged for fruitful discussions and commenting on the manuscript.
Dr Lan Yao (U Michigan) is thanked for providing the code to compute the
Kingham curves. The Cambridge Centre of Gallium Nitride is acknowledged
as the source of the material used in some of these analyses, for work
has been funded, in part, by the EPSRC (GR/S49391/01) and these atom
probe analyses were performed at the UKAtom-probe Facility at the
University of Oxford-funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council (EPSRC) under grant no. EP/077664/1. DKS acknowledges
support from the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is a multiprogram national
laboratory operated for DOE by Battelle. Lyle Gordon (PNNL) is
acknowledged for providing the Fe3O4 sample
described in this study.
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U1 8
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD MAR 18
PY 2016
VL 18
AR 033031
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/18/3/033031
PG 16
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DI8CA
UT WOS:000373727300003
ER
PT J
AU Grisins, P
Rauer, B
Langen, T
Schmiedmayer, J
Mazets, IE
AF Grisins, Pjotrs
Rauer, Bernhard
Langen, Tim
Schmiedmayer, Joerg
Mazets, Igor E.
TI Degenerate Bose gases with uniform loss
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM; ATOMS; DISSIPATION; DRIVEN
AB We theoretically investigate a weakly interacting degenerate Bose gas coupled to an empty Markovian bath. We show that in the universal phononic limit the system evolves towards an asymptotic state where an emergent temperature is set by the quantum noise of the outcoupling process. For situations typically encountered in experiments, this mechanism leads to significant cooling. Such dissipative cooling supplements conventional evaporative cooling and dominates in settings where thermalization is highly suppressed, such as in a one-dimensional quasicondensate.
C1 [Grisins, Pjotrs] Univ Geneva, Dept Quantum Matter Phys, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
[Grisins, Pjotrs; Rauer, Bernhard; Langen, Tim; Schmiedmayer, Joerg; Mazets, Igor E.] TU Wien, Vienna Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol, Atominst, Stadionallee 2, A-1020 Vienna, Austria.
[Mazets, Igor E.] Wolfgang Pauli Inst, Oskar Morgenstern Pl 1, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Langen, Tim] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Langen, Tim] NIST, 440 Univ Ave, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Grisins, P (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Dept Quantum Matter Phys, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; Grisins, P (reprint author), TU Wien, Vienna Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol, Atominst, Stadionallee 2, A-1020 Vienna, Austria.
EM pjotrs.grisins@unige.ch
RI Mazets, Igor/D-4862-2011; Schmiedmayer, Jorg/B-4717-2008
OI Mazets, Igor/0000-0002-3769-8313; Schmiedmayer, Jorg/0000-0001-7799-5614
FU Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P22590-N16]; ERC grant QuantumRelax; CoQuS
doctoral program; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through a Feodor
Lynen Research Fellowship
FX We are thankful to A. Polkovnikov for valuable input at the beginning of
this project and I. Carusotto for enlightening discussions and critical
reading of the manuscript. We acknowledge support of the Austrian
Science Fund (FWF) Grant No. P22590-N16, ERC grant QuantumRelax, the
CoQuS doctoral program (P.G. and B.R.), and the Alexander von Humboldt
Foundation through a Feodor Lynen Research Fellowship (T.L.).
NR 27
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U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAR 18
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 3
AR 033634
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.033634
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DG9JV
UT WOS:000372399500004
ER
PT J
AU Conley, S
Franco, G
Faloona, I
Blake, DR
Peischl, J
Ryerson, TB
AF Conley, S.
Franco, G.
Faloona, I.
Blake, D. R.
Peischl, J.
Ryerson, T. B.
TI Methane emissions from the 2015 Aliso Canyon blowout in Los Angeles, CA
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID OZONE FORMATION; FLOW-RATE; CALIFORNIA; BASIN; OIL
AB Single-point failures of natural gas infrastructure can hamper methane emission control strategies designed to mitigate climate change. The 23 October 2015 blowout of a well connected to the Aliso Canyon underground storage facility in California resulted in a massive release of natural gas. Analysis of methane and ethane data from dozens of plume transects, collected during 13 research-aircraft flights between 7 November 2015 and 13 February 2016, shows atmospheric leak rates of up to 60 metric tons of methane and 4.5 metric tons of ethane per hour. At its peak, this blowout effectively doubled the methane emission rate of the entire Los Angeles basin and, in total, released 97,100 metric tons of methane to the atmosphere.
C1 [Conley, S.] Sci Aviat, 3335 Airport Rd, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Conley, S.; Faloona, I.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Franco, G.] Calif Energy Commiss, Res & Dev Div, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[Blake, D. R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92617 USA.
[Peischl, J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Peischl, J.; Ryerson, T. B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Conley, S (reprint author), Sci Aviat, 3335 Airport Rd, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.; Conley, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM sconley@scientificaviation.com
RI Peischl, Jeff/E-7454-2010; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101;
FU California Energy Commission through University of California-Davis
[201401201]; Southern California Gas Company; Aliso Canyon; California
Agricultural Experiment Station (Hatch project) [CA-D-LAW-2229-H]; NOAA
Climate Program Office; NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle, and
Climate program
FX The first two Scientific Aviation flights were funded by the California
Energy Commission through University of California-Davis project
#201401201. Subsequent flights were funded by the Southern California
Gas Company, the operator of the Aliso Canyon storage facility. I.F. was
supported in part by the California Agricultural Experiment Station
(Hatch project CA-D-LAW-2229-H). J.P. and T.R. were supported in part by
the NOAA Climate Program Office and the NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry,
Carbon Cycle, and Climate program. We acknowledge the contributions of
M. Trainer for scientific input and K. Aikin and S. Wolter for
time-critical technical support. The views expressed here are those of
the authors and do net constitute endorsement by their funding agencies.
Data used in this report are posted at
esrldioaa.gov/csd/scientificaviation.
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PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD MAR 18
PY 2016
VL 351
IS 6279
BP 1317
EP 1320
DI 10.1126/science.aaf2348
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DG9JD
UT WOS:000372397700042
PM 26917596
ER
PT J
AU Maghrebi, MF
Gong, ZX
Foss-Feig, M
Gorshkov, AV
AF Maghrebi, Mohammad F.
Gong, Zhe-Xuan
Foss-Feig, Michael
Gorshkov, Alexey V.
TI Causality and quantum criticality in long-range lattice models
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID POLAR-MOLECULES; CRITICAL EXPONENTS; SYSTEMS; DIAMOND; ENTANGLEMENT;
PROPAGATION; DIMENSIONS; TRANSITION; SIMULATOR; DYNAMICS
AB Long-range quantum lattice systems often exhibit drastically different behavior than their short-range counterparts. In particular, because they do not satisfy the conditions for the Lieb-Robinson theorem, they need not have an emergent relativistic structure in the form of a light cone. Adopting a field-theoretic approach, we study the one-dimensional transverse-field Ising model with long-range interactions, and a fermionic model with long-range hopping and pairing terms, explore their critical and near-critical behavior, and characterize their response to local perturbations. We deduce the dynamic critical exponent, up to the two-loop order within the renormalization group theory, which we then use to characterize the emergent causal behavior. We show that beyond a critical value of the power-law exponent of the long-range couplings, the dynamics effectively becomes relativistic. Various other critical exponents describing correlations in the ground state, as well as deviations from a linear causal cone, are deduced for a wide range of the power-law exponent.
C1 [Maghrebi, Mohammad F.] Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Maghrebi, MF (reprint author), Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM magrebi@umd.edu
RI Gong, Zhexuan/G-4348-2016; Gorshkov, Alexey/A-9848-2008
OI Gorshkov, Alexey/0000-0003-0509-3421
FU NSF PIF; AFOSR; ARO; ARL; NSF PFC at the JQI; AFOSR MURI; NRC
FX We thank M. A. Rajabpour, L. Lepori, G. Pupillo, and D. Vodola for
discussions. This work was supported by the NSF PIF, AFOSR, ARO, ARL,
NSF PFC at the JQI, and AFOSR MURI. M.F.-F. thanks the NRC for support.
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PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR 17
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 12
AR 125128
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.125128
PG 18
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DG9OM
UT WOS:000372413300003
ER
PT J
AU Marsili, F
Stevens, MJ
Kozorezov, A
Verma, VB
Lambert, C
Stern, JA
Horansky, RD
Dyer, S
Duff, S
Pappas, DP
Lita, AE
Shaw, MD
Mirin, RP
Nam, SW
AF Marsili, F.
Stevens, M. J.
Kozorezov, A.
Verma, V. B.
Lambert, Colin
Stern, J. A.
Horansky, R. D.
Dyer, S.
Duff, S.
Pappas, D. P.
Lita, A. E.
Shaw, M. D.
Mirin, R. P.
Nam, S. W.
TI Hotspot relaxation dynamics in a current-carrying superconductor
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-PHOTON DETECTORS; QUASI-PARTICLE; EFFICIENCY
AB We experimentally studied the dynamics of optically excited hotspots in current-carrying WSi superconducting nanowires as a function of bias current, bath temperature, and excitation wavelength. We observed that the hotspot relaxation time depends on bias current, temperature, and wavelength. We explained this effect with a model based on quasiparticle recombination, which provides insight into the quasiparticle dynamics of superconductors.
C1 [Marsili, F.; Stern, J. A.; Shaw, M. D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Stevens, M. J.; Verma, V. B.; Horansky, R. D.; Dyer, S.; Duff, S.; Pappas, D. P.; Lita, A. E.; Mirin, R. P.; Nam, S. W.] NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kozorezov, A.; Lambert, Colin] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster LA1 4YB, England.
RP Marsili, F (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM francesco.marsili.dr@jpl.nasa.gov
FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
FX Part of the research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration. A.K. and C.L. gratefully
acknowledge financial support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council.
NR 34
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Z9 2
U1 6
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR 17
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 9
AR 094518
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.094518
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DG9KK
UT WOS:000372401300002
ER
PT J
AU Letterly, A
Key, J
Liu, YH
AF Letterly, Aaron
Key, Jeffrey
Liu, Yinghui
TI The influence of winter cloud on summer sea ice in the Arctic, 1983-2013
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic clouds; sea ice; cloud-ice interaction
ID POLAR PATHFINDER DATASET; RADIATION PROPERTIES; RECENT TRENDS; SURFACE;
FLUXES; AMPLIFICATION; SIMULATIONS; REANALYSES; FRACTION; MODELS
AB Arctic sea ice extent has declined dramatically over the last two decades, with the fastest decrease and greatest variability in the Beaufort, Chukchi, and East Siberian Seas. Thinner ice in these areas is more susceptible to changes in cloud cover, heat and moisture advection, and surface winds. Using two climate reanalyses and satellite data, it is shown that increased wintertime surface cloud forcing contributed to the 2007 summer sea ice minimum. An analysis over the period 1983-2013 reveals that reanalysis cloud forcing anomalies in the East Siberian and Kara Seas precondition the ice pack and, as a result, explain 25% of the variance in late summer sea ice concentration. This finding was supported by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer cloud cover anomalies, which explain up to 45% of the variance in sea ice concentration. Results suggest that winter cloud forcing anomalies in this area have predictive capabilities for summer sea ice anomalies across much of the central and Eurasian Arctic.
C1 [Letterly, Aaron; Liu, Yinghui] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA.
[Key, Jeffrey] NOAA, NESDIS, Madison, WI USA.
RP Letterly, A (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA.
EM aaron.letterly@ssec.wisc.edu
RI Key, Jeffrey/F-5597-2010
OI Key, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6109-3050
FU Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) Program Office; NOAA Climate Data
Records program
FX This research was supported by the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS)
Program Office and the NOAA Climate Data Records program. We are
grateful to the University of Illinois Cryosphere Today website
(http://arctic.atmos.uiuc.edu/cryosphere/) for providing their ice
products to the scientific community. Sea ice data were obtained from
the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). MODIS data were acquired
from the MODIS Adaptive Processing System (MODAPS) and can be downloaded
at https://ladsweb.nascom.nasa.gov/data/search.html. CALIPSO data can be
downloaded at https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/. MERRA data were downloaded
from
http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/daac-bin/FTPSubset.pl?LOOKUPID_List=MAIMCP
ASM, and ERA can be found at
http://apps.ecmwf.int/datasets/data/interim-full-mnth. We thank M.
Tschudi for providing the sea ice motion data. The views, opinions, and
findings contained in this report are those of the author(s) and should
not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration or U.S. Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 59
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U1 3
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 5
BP 2178
EP 2187
DI 10.1002/2015JD024316
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI6HB
UT WOS:000373598700009
ER
PT J
AU Brown, SS
Dube, WP
Tham, YJ
Zha, QZ
Xue, LK
Poon, S
Wang, Z
Blake, DR
Tsui, W
Parrish, DD
Wang, T
AF Brown, Steven S.
Dube, William P.
Tham, Yee Jun
Zha, Qiaozhi
Xue, Likun
Poon, Steven
Wang, Zhe
Blake, Donald R.
Tsui, Wilson
Parrish, David D.
Wang, Tao
TI Nighttime chemistry at a high altitude site above Hong Kong
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE nighttime chemistry; N2O5; ClNO2; air quality; ozone; aerosol
ID NOCTURNAL NITROGEN-OXIDES; BOUNDARY-LAYER; RADICAL CONCENTRATIONS;
ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; AIR-QUALITY; DAYTIME NO3; N2O5; NITRATE; CHINA; OZONE
AB Nighttime reactions of nitrogen oxides influence ozone, volatile organic compounds, and aerosol and are thus important to the understanding of regional air quality. Despite large emissions and rapid recent growth of nitrogen oxide concentrations, there are few studies of nighttime chemistry in China. Here we present measurements of nighttime nitrogen oxides, NO3 and N2O5, from a coastal mountaintop site in Hong Kong adjacent to the megacities of the Pearl River Delta region. This is the first study of nighttime chemistry from a site within the residual layer in China. Key findings include the following. First, highly concentrated urban NOx outflow from the Pearl River Delta region was sampled infrequently at night, with N2O5 mixing ratios up to 8ppbv (1min average) or 12ppbv (1s average) in nighttime aged air masses. Second, the average N2O5 uptake coefficient was determined from a best fit to the available steady state lifetime data as (N2O5)=0.0140.007. Although this determination is uncertain due to the difficulty of separating N2O5 losses from those of NO3, this value is in the range of previous residual layer determinations of N2O5 uptake coefficients in polluted air in North America. Third, there was a significant contribution of biogenic hydrocarbons to NO3 loss inferred from canister samples taken during daytime. Finally, daytime N2O5 mixing ratios were in accord with their predicted photochemical steady state. Heterogeneous uptake of N2O5 in fog is determined to be an important production mechanism for soluble nitrate, even during daytime.
C1 [Brown, Steven S.; Dube, William P.; Parrish, David D.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Chem Sci Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Brown, Steven S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Dube, William P.; Parrish, David D.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Tham, Yee Jun; Zha, Qiaozhi; Xue, Likun; Poon, Steven; Wang, Zhe; Wang, Tao] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Blake, Donald R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
[Tsui, Wilson] PTC Int Ltd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Brown, SS (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Chem Sci Div, Boulder, CO USA.; Brown, SS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Campus Box 215, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM steven.s.brown@noaa.gov
RI WANG, Tao/B-9919-2014; Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Wang, Zhe/C-1660-2012;
Xue, Likun/B-5816-2012; Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI WANG, Tao/0000-0002-4765-9377; Wang, Zhe/0000-0002-5627-6562; Parrish,
David/0000-0001-6312-2724;
FU NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry, Climate and Carbon Cycle (AC4) program; Hong
Kong Research Grants Council [PolyU 153026/14P]; Hong Kong Environmental
Protection Department; Hong Kong Polytechnic University
FX S.S.B., W.P.D., and D.D.P. acknowledge support from the NOAA Atmospheric
Chemistry, Climate and Carbon Cycle (AC4) program for this work. The
Hong Kong team acknowledges support from the Hong Kong Research Grants
Council (PolyU 153026/14P), the Hong Kong Environmental Protection
Department, and the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. The authors would
like to thank Xu Zheng and Wang Xinfeng for their support in setting up
the site and to Peter K.K. Louie, and Connie W.Y. Luk for their help
with access to the TMS site and for providing some TMS local wind data.
Data are available upon request (steven.s.brown@noaa.gov,
tao.wang@polyu.edu.hk).
NR 51
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 15
U2 41
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 5
BP 2457
EP 2475
DI 10.1002/2015JD024566
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI6HB
UT WOS:000373598700025
ER
PT J
AU Wang, T
Tham, YJ
Xue, LK
Li, QY
Zha, QZ
Wang, Z
Poon, SCN
Dube, WP
Blake, DR
Louie, PKK
Luk, CWY
Tsui, W
Brown, SS
AF Wang, Tao
Tham, Yee Jun
Xue, Likun
Li, Qinyi
Zha, Qiaozhi
Wang, Zhe
Poon, Steven C. N.
Dube, William P.
Blake, Donald R.
Louie, Peter K. K.
Luk, Connie W. Y.
Tsui, Wilson
Brown, Steven S.
TI Observations of nitryl chloride and modeling its source and effect on
ozone in the planetary boundary layer of southern China
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE nitryl chloride; dinitrogen pentoxide; heterogeneous uptake; ozone;
chemical ionization mass spectrometry
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; MASTER CHEMICAL MECHANISM; IONIZATION
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MCM V3 PART; TROPOSPHERIC DEGRADATION; HETEROGENEOUS
PROCESSES; AIR-POLLUTION; HONG-KONG; N2O5; CLNO2
AB Nitryl chloride (ClNO2) plays potentially important roles in atmospheric chemistry, but its abundance and effect are not fully understood due to the small number of ambient observations of ClNO2 to date. In late autumn 2013, ClNO2 was measured with a chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS) at a mountain top (957m above sea level) in Hong Kong. During 12 nights with continuous CIMS data, elevated mixing ratios of ClNO2 (>400 parts per trillion by volume) or its precursor N2O5 (>1000pptv) were observed on six nights, with the highest ever reported ClNO2 (4.7ppbv, 1min average) and N2O5 (7.7ppbv, 1min average) in one case. Backward particle dispersion calculations driven by winds simulated with a mesoscale meteorological model show that the ClNO2/N2O5-laden air at the high-elevation site was due to transport of urban/industrial pollution north of the site. The highest ClNO2/N2O5 case was observed in a later period of the night and was characterized with extensively processed air and with the presence of nonoceanic chloride. A chemical box model with detailed chlorine chemistry was used to assess the possible impact of the ClNO2 in the well-processed regional plume on next day ozone, as the air mass continued to downwind locations. The results show that the ClNO2 could enhance ozone by 5-16% at the ozone peak or 11-41% daytime ozone production in the following day. This study highlights varying importance of the ClNO2 chemistry in polluted environments and the need to consider this process in photochemical models for prediction of ground-level ozone and haze.
C1 [Wang, Tao; Tham, Yee Jun; Li, Qinyi; Zha, Qiaozhi; Wang, Zhe; Poon, Steven C. N.] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Xue, Likun] Shandong Univ, Environm Res Inst, Jinan 250100, Peoples R China.
[Dube, William P.; Brown, Steven S.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Dube, William P.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Blake, Donald R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
[Louie, Peter K. K.; Luk, Connie W. Y.] Govt Hong Kong Special Adm Reg, Environm Protect Dept, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Tsui, Wilson] PTC Int Ltd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Brown, Steven S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Wang, T (reprint author), Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM cetwang@polyu.edu.hk
RI Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Wang, Zhe/C-1660-2012; Xue,
Likun/B-5816-2012; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; WANG,
Tao/B-9919-2014
OI Wang, Zhe/0000-0002-5627-6562; WANG, Tao/0000-0002-4765-9377
FU Hong Kong Research Grants Council [PolyU 153026/14P]; Hong Kong
Environmental Protection Department; Hong Kong Polytechnic University;
NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry, Climate, and Carbon Cycle (AC4) Program
FX The authors would like to thank Much Yeung, Zhou Shengzhen, Gao Yuan, Xu
Zheng, and Wang Xinfeng for their support during the campaign and sample
analysis, to Liu Qiang and Zhang Li for help in calculation of back
trajectories and WRF simulation, to Lv Mengyao, and Hong Kong
Observatory for help in providing observational meteorological data.
HYSPLIT model is made available by the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory.
This work was funded by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council (PolyU
153026/14P) with additional support from the Hong Kong Environmental
Protection Department and the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Steven
S. Brown and William P. Dube acknowledge support from the NOAA
Atmospheric Chemistry, Climate, and Carbon Cycle (AC4) Program. Both the
data and source code of the revised chlorine chemistry module for the
MCM model used in this study are available from the corresponding author
upon request (cetwang@polyu.edu.hk). The opinions expressed in this
paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views
or policies of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative
Region nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute
an endorsement or recommendation of their use.
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 13
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 5
BP 2476
EP 2489
DI 10.1002/2015JD024556
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI6HB
UT WOS:000373598700026
ER
PT J
AU Irisov, V
Plant, W
AF Irisov, V.
Plant, W.
TI Phillips' Lambda function: Data summary and physical model
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE sea waves; wave breaking
ID WAVES; SURFACE; SPECTRA; RANGE; OCEAN
AB Measurements of Phillips' Lambda function describing the average length of breakers on the ocean per unit area at speed c(b) are summarized. An expression is developed that fits these data within reasonable bounds. A physical model for the Lambda function is derived based on the assumption that breaking occurs when the surface steepness exceeds a threshold value. The energy contained in the breaking region is related to the fifth power of the breaker speed, as Phillips showed, and from this the probability of finding a breaker with a speed c(b) may be determined from a simulation of the long-wave surface based on a linear superposition of Fourier components. This probability is directly related to the Lambda function so that a form for this function can be determined. The Lambda function so determined agrees in both shape and intensity with the fit to the measured Lambda functions.
C1 [Irisov, V.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Zel Technol LLC, Westminster, CO USA.
[Plant, W.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Irisov, V (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Zel Technol LLC, Westminster, CO USA.
EM vladimir.irisov@gmail.com
FU NASA [NN11AL27G]
FX The work was supported by NASA grant NN11AL27G. Supporting data can be
obtained from V. Irisov (vladimir.iri-sov@gmail.com). We are very
thankful to A. Babanin for the useful discussion and corrections.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 5
BP 2053
EP 2058
DI 10.1002/2015GL067352
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DH9IN
UT WOS:000373109800033
ER
PT J
AU Scannell, HA
Pershing, AJ
Alexander, MA
Thomas, AC
Mills, KE
AF Scannell, Hillary A.
Pershing, Andrew J.
Alexander, Michael A.
Thomas, Andrew C.
Mills, Katherine E.
TI Frequency of marine heatwaves in the North Atlantic and North Pacific
since 1950
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE marine heatwave; power law; SST anomaly; climate variability
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; HEAT WAVES; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; EUROPEAN
HEATWAVE; SST ANOMALIES; OCEAN; OSCILLATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; IMPACTS; LAW
AB Extreme and large-scale warming events in the ocean have been dubbed marine heatwaves, and these have been documented in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. This paper examines the intensity, duration, and frequency of positive sea surface temperature anomalies in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans over the period 1950-2014 using an objective definition for marine heatwaves based on their probability of occurrence. Small-area anomalies occur more frequently than large-area anomalies, and this relationship can be characterized by a power law distribution. The relative frequency of large- versus small-area anomalies, represented by the power law slope parameter, is modulated by basin-scale modes of natural climate variability and anthropogenic warming. Findings suggest that the probability of marine heatwaves is a trade-off between size, intensity, and duration and that region specific variability modulates the frequency of these events.
C1 [Scannell, Hillary A.; Thomas, Andrew C.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME USA.
[Scannell, Hillary A.; Pershing, Andrew J.; Mills, Katherine E.] Gulf Maine Res Inst, Portland, ME USA.
[Alexander, Michael A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Scannell, HA (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME USA.; Scannell, HA (reprint author), Gulf Maine Res Inst, Portland, ME USA.
EM scanh@uw.edu
RI Alexander, Michael/A-7097-2013
OI Alexander, Michael/0000-0001-9646-6427
FU NSF Coastal SEES grant [OCE1325484]
FX The NSF Coastal SEES grant OCE1325484 supported this research. The
ERSSTv3b was provided by NOAA/NCDC. NOAA/PSD provided the AMO unsmoothed
1948 to present and Nino3.4 indices. The NAO index was provided by
NOAA/CPC, and the PDO index was from Nathan Mantua at the University of
Washington (http://research.jisao.washington.edu/pdo/PDO.latest). We are
grateful for two anonymous reviewers for their help in improving this
manuscript and discussions with Patrick Sullivan of Cornell University.
NR 48
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U1 7
U2 22
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 5
BP 2069
EP 2076
DI 10.1002/2015GL067308
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DH9IN
UT WOS:000373109800035
ER
PT J
AU Nevison, CD
Manizza, M
Keeling, RF
Stephens, BB
Bent, JD
Dunne, J
Ilyina, T
Long, M
Resplandy, L
Tjiputra, J
Yukimoto, S
AF Nevison, C. D.
Manizza, M.
Keeling, R. F.
Stephens, B. B.
Bent, J. D.
Dunne, J.
Ilyina, T.
Long, M.
Resplandy, L.
Tjiputra, J.
Yukimoto, S.
TI Evaluating CMIP5 ocean biogeochemistry and Southern Ocean carbon uptake
using atmospheric potential oxygen: Present-day performance and future
projection
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE APO; CMIP5 models; Southern Ocean carbon cycle; carbon cycle; ocean
carbon sink; air-sea fluxes
ID LINE SIMULATION CHARACTERISTICS; EARTH SYSTEM MODEL; ANTHROPOGENIC
CARBON; ECOSYSTEM MODEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DRAKE PASSAGE; CO2 FLUXES; O-2;
CYCLE; FORMULATION
AB Observed seasonal cycles in atmospheric potential oxygen (APO similar to O-2+1.1 CO2) were used to evaluate eight ocean biogeochemistry models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). Model APO seasonal cycles were computed from the CMIP5 air-sea O-2 and CO2 fluxes and compared to observations at three Southern Hemisphere monitoring sites. Four of the models captured either the observed APO seasonal amplitude or phasing relatively well, while the other four did not. Many models had an unrealistic seasonal phasing or amplitude of the CO2 flux, which in turn influenced APO. By 2100 under RCP8.5, the models projected little change in the O-2 component of APO but large changes in the seasonality of the CO2 component associated with ocean acidification. The models with poorer performance on present-day APO tended to project larger net carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean, both today and in 2100.
C1 [Nevison, C. D.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Manizza, M.; Keeling, R. F.; Resplandy, L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Stephens, B. B.; Bent, J. D.; Long, M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Dunne, J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Ilyina, T.] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Bundesstr 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Tjiputra, J.] Uni Res & Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Uni Climate, Bergen, Norway.
[Yukimoto, S.] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
RP Nevison, CD (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM cynthia.nevison@colorado.edu
RI Long, Matthew/H-4632-2016
OI Long, Matthew/0000-0003-1273-2957
FU National Science Foundation [CNS-0821794]; University of Colorado
Boulder; National Science Foundation; NASA Ocean Biology and
Biogeochemistry [NNX11AL73G]; Norwegian Research Council [239965]; EU
project CRESCENDO [641816]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the CMIP5 ocean modelers for
providing the output that made this project possible. In particular, we
thank Keith Lindsay, Paul Halloran, and Christoph Heinze for their
assistance. We are also grateful to Anna Cabre, Mo Green, and Irina
Marinov for help in obtaining CMIP5 output, to Andrew Schuh for help
with the GEOS-Chem simulations, and to two anonymous reviewers for their
helpful comments. This work utilized the Janus supercomputer, which is
supported by the National Science Foundation (award CNS-0821794) and the
University of Colorado Boulder. The Janus supercomputer is a joint
effort of the University of Colorado Boulder, the University of Colorado
Denver, and the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The National
Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science
Foundation. C.D.N. and M.M. acknowledge support from NASA Ocean Biology
and Biogeochemistry grant NNX11AL73G and J.T. acknowledges Norwegian
Research Council-funded ORGANIC project (239965). This study is a
contribution to the EU H2020 project CRESCENDO (grant 641816). The data
used are listed in the references and supporting information. The APO
observations are available from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography
under http://scrippso2.ucsd.edu and http://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu. The
CMIP5 output fields are available from
http://cmip-pcmdi.llnl.gov/cmip5/data_portal.html.
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 5
BP 2077
EP 2085
DI 10.1002/2015GL067584
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DH9IN
UT WOS:000373109800036
ER
PT J
AU Deser, C
Sun, LT
Tomas, RA
Screen, J
AF Deser, Clara
Sun, Lantao
Tomas, Robert A.
Screen, James
TI Does ocean coupling matter for the northern extratropical response to
projected Arctic sea ice loss?
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic sea ice; climate response; Northern Annular Mode
ID ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; MIDLATITUDE WEATHER; COLD WINTERS;
AMPLIFICATION; VARIABILITY
AB The question of whether ocean coupling matters for the extratropical Northern Hemisphere atmospheric response to projected late 21st century Arctic sea ice loss is addressed using a series of experiments with Community Climate System Model version 4 at 1 degrees spatial resolution under different configurations of the ocean model component: no interactive ocean, thermodynamic slab ocean, and full-depth (dynamic plus thermodynamic) ocean. Ocean-atmosphere coupling magnifies the response to Arctic sea ice loss but does not change its overall structure; however, a slab ocean is inadequate for inferring the role of oceanic feedbacks. The westerly winds along the poleward flank of the eddy-driven jet weaken in response to Arctic sea ice loss, accompanied by a smaller-magnitude strengthening on the equatorward side, with largest amplitudes in winter. Dynamical and thermodynamic oceanic feedbacks amplify this response by approximately 50%. Air temperature, precipitation, and sea level pressure responses also show sensitivity to the degree of ocean coupling.
C1 [Deser, Clara; Tomas, Robert A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Sun, Lantao] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sun, Lantao] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Screen, James] Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter, Devon, England.
RP Deser, C (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM cdeser@ucar.edu
RI Sun, Lantao/D-9948-2015
OI Sun, Lantao/0000-0001-8578-9175
FU Office of Polar Programs at the National Science Foundation; Natural
Environment Research Council; NSF
FX R. Tomas and L. Sun gratefully acknowledge support from the Office of
Polar Programs at the National Science Foundation. J. Screen is
supported by the Natural Environment Research Council. NCAR is sponsored
by NSF. We appreciate the comments from the two anonymous reviewers.
NR 24
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 5
BP 2149
EP 2157
DI 10.1002/2016GL067792
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DH9IN
UT WOS:000373109800045
ER
PT J
AU Dessler, AE
Ye, H
Wang, T
Schoeberl, MR
Oman, LD
Douglass, AR
Butler, AH
Rosenlof, KH
Davis, SM
Portmann, RW
AF Dessler, A. E.
Ye, H.
Wang, T.
Schoeberl, M. R.
Oman, L. D.
Douglass, A. R.
Butler, A. H.
Rosenlof, K. H.
Davis, S. M.
Portmann, R. W.
TI Transport of ice into the stratosphere and the humidification of the
stratosphere over the 21st century
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE TTL; stratospheric water vapor; convective ice
ID TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE TEMPERATURES; WATER-VAPOR; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION;
TROPOSPHERE; MODEL; CONVECTION; OZONE; CIRCULATION; TRENDS; LAYER
AB Climate models predict that tropical lower stratospheric humidity will increase as the climate warms. We examine this trend in two state-of-the-art chemistry-climate models. Under high greenhouse gas emissions scenarios, the stratospheric entry value of water vapor increases by similar to 1ppmv over the 21st century in both models. We show with trajectory runs driven by model meteorological fields that the warming tropical tropopause layer (TTL) explains 50-80% of this increase. The remainder is a consequence of trends in evaporation of ice convectively lofted into the TTL and lower stratosphere. Our results further show that within the models we examined, ice lofting is primarily important on long time scales; on interannual time scales, TTL temperature variations explain most of the variations in lower stratospheric humidity. Assessing the ability of models to realistically represent ice lofting processes should be a high priority in the modeling community.
C1 [Dessler, A. E.; Ye, H.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX USA.
[Wang, T.] CALTECH, NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Schoeberl, M. R.] Sci & Technol Corp, Columbia, MD USA.
[Oman, L. D.; Douglass, A. R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Butler, A. H.; Rosenlof, K. H.; Davis, S. M.; Portmann, R. W.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Butler, A. H.; Davis, S. M.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Dessler, AE (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX USA.
EM adessler@tamu.edu
RI Davis, Sean/C-9570-2011; Douglass, Anne/D-4655-2012; Butler,
Amy/K-6190-2012; Oman, Luke/C-2778-2009; Portmann, Robert/C-4903-2009;
Rosenlof, Karen/B-5652-2008; Dessler, Andrew/G-8852-2012; Wang,
Tao/C-2381-2011; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Davis, Sean/0000-0001-9276-6158; Butler, Amy/0000-0002-3632-0925; Oman,
Luke/0000-0002-5487-2598; Portmann, Robert/0000-0002-0279-6087;
Rosenlof, Karen/0000-0002-0903-8270; Dessler,
Andrew/0000-0003-3939-4820; Wang, Tao/0000-0003-3430-8508;
FU NSF [AGS-1261948]; NASA [NNX13AK25G]
FX This work was supported by NSF grant AGS-1261948 and NASA grant
NNX13AK25G both to Texas A&M University. Monthly data used in this paper
are archived at https://goo.gl/sjcpiJ.
NR 51
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 5
BP 2323
EP 2329
DI 10.1002/2016GL067991
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DH9IN
UT WOS:000373109800066
ER
PT J
AU Tan, HY
Takeuchi, S
Bharathi, KK
Takeuchi, I
Bendersky, LA
AF Tan, Haiyan
Takeuchi, Saya
Bharathi, K. Kamala
Takeuchi, Ichiro
Bendersky, Leonid A.
TI Microscopy Study of Structural Evolution in Epitaxial LiCoO2 Positive
Electrode Films during Electrochemical Cycling
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE structural evolution; LiCoO2; epitaxial thin films; electrochemical
cycling; STEM
ID PULSED-LASER DEPOSITION; ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; LITHIUM-ION
BATTERIES; THIN-FILM; ELECTRODE/ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; COBALT OXIDE;
STATE; CATHODE; SPINEL; TEM
AB The evolution of interface between the epitaxial thin film LiCoO2 (LCO) electrode and, liquid electrolyte and inside the LCO film during electrochemical cycling has been analyzed by high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy. Relaxation of sharp translational domain boundaries with mismatched layers of CoO2 octahedra occurs during cycling and results in formation of continuous CoO2 layers across the boundaries. The original trigonal layered structure of LiCoO2 tends to change into a spinel structure at the electrode/electrolyte interface after significant extraction of Li from LCO. This change is more pronounced at 4.2 V peak of CV, indicating lower stability of the layered LCO structure near its surface after Li is extracted above 60%. The transformed structure is identified to be close to Co3O4, with Co both on tetrahedral and octahedral sites, rather than to LiCo2O4 as it was suggested in earlier publications. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy measurements also show that Co ions oxidation state is reduced to mixed valence state Co2+/Co3+ during the structure changes to spinel rather than oxidized.
C1 [Tan, Haiyan] Theiss Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Tan, Haiyan; Takeuchi, Saya; Bharathi, K. Kamala; Bendersky, Leonid A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bharathi, K. Kamala; Takeuchi, Ichiro] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Tan, HY (reprint author), Theiss Res, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.; Tan, HY; Bendersky, LA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Haiyan.tan1@gmail.com; leonid.bendersky@nist.gov
FU U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and
Technology [70NANB14H027, 70NANB15H025]
FX Andrew A. Herzing and Babak Nikoobakht from NIST are greatly appreciated
for their help in using instruments in their laboratories as well as for
valuable discussions. H.T. acknowledges support from the U.S. Department
of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology under
financial assistance Award Nos. 70NANB14H027 and 70NANB15H025. Official
contribution of the National Institute of Standards and Technology; not
subject to copyright in the United States.
NR 46
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U1 29
U2 71
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 10
BP 6727
EP 6735
DI 10.1021/acsami.5b12025
PG 9
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DH0MW
UT WOS:000372479300051
PM 26911456
ER
PT J
AU Witte, R
Kruk, R
Gruner, ME
Brand, RA
Wang, D
Schlabach, S
Beck, A
Provenzano, V
Pentcheva, R
Wende, H
Hahn, H
AF Witte, Ralf
Kruk, Robert
Gruner, Markus E.
Brand, Richard A.
Wang, Di
Schlabach, Sabine
Beck, Andre
Provenzano, Virgil
Pentcheva, Rossitza
Wende, Heiko
Hahn, Horst
TI Tailoring magnetic frustration in strained epitaxial FeRh films
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID QUASI-RANDOM STRUCTURES; PHASE-TRANSITION; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; RH ALLOYS;
METALS; DRIVEN; ENERGY
AB We report on a strain-induced martensitic transformation, accompanied by a suppression of magnetic order in epitaxial films of chemically disordered FeRh. X-ray diffraction, transmission electronmicroscopy, and electronic structure calculations reveal that the lowering of symmetry (from cubic to tetragonal) imposed by the epitaxial relation leads to a further, unexpected, tetragonal-to-orthorhombic transition, triggered by a band-Jahn-Teller-type lattice instability. The collapse of magnetic order is a direct consequence of this structural change, which upsets the subtle balance between ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor interactions arising from Fe-Rh hybridization and frustrated antiferromagnetic coupling among localized Fe moments at larger distances.
C1 [Witte, Ralf; Kruk, Robert; Brand, Richard A.; Wang, Di; Hahn, Horst] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Nanotechnol, D-76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany.
[Gruner, Markus E.; Brand, Richard A.; Pentcheva, Rossitza; Wende, Heiko] Univ Duisburg Essen, Fac Phys, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany.
[Gruner, Markus E.; Brand, Richard A.; Pentcheva, Rossitza; Wende, Heiko] Univ Duisburg Essen, Ctr Nanointegrat Duisburg Essen CENIDE, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany.
[Gruner, Markus E.] Tech Univ Munich, Forsch Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier Leibnitz FRM 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Wang, Di; Schlabach, Sabine] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, KNMF, D-76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany.
[Schlabach, Sabine] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Appl Mat, D-76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany.
[Beck, Andre] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Solid State Phys, D-76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany.
[Provenzano, Virgil] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Provenzano, Virgil] George Washington Univ, Inst Magnet Res, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Hahn, Horst] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Joint Res Lab Nanomat, KIT TUD, Petersenstr 30, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
RP Witte, R (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Nanotechnol, D-76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany.
EM ralf.witte@kit.edu
RI Wende, Heiko/J-8505-2012; Gruner, Markus/D-9726-2011; Pentcheva,
Rossitza/F-8293-2014;
OI Gruner, Markus/0000-0002-2306-1258; Wang, Di/0000-0001-9817-7047
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [HA1344/28-1, TRR 80, SPP 1599]
FX We acknowledge funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft via
HA1344/28-1, TRR 80 and SPP 1599. We thank L. Bennett, E. Dellatorre
(GWU Washington D.C.), P. Entel (Duisburg-Essen) and C. Kubel (KIT) for
discussions, and U. v. Horsten (Duisburg-Essen) for technical
assistance.
NR 60
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Z9 5
U1 11
U2 53
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 10
AR 104416
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.104416
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DG9LU
UT WOS:000372405300004
ER
PT J
AU Goldschmidt, EA
Boulier, T
Brown, RC
Koller, SB
Young, JT
Gorshkov, AV
Rolston, SL
Porto, JV
AF Goldschmidt, E. A.
Boulier, T.
Brown, R. C.
Koller, S. B.
Young, J. T.
Gorshkov, A. V.
Rolston, S. L.
Porto, J. V.
TI Anomalous Broadening in Driven Dissipative Rydberg Systems
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMS
AB We observe interaction-induced broadening of the two-photon 5s-18s transition in Rb-87 atoms trapped in a 3D optical lattice. The measured linewidth increases by nearly 2 orders of magnitude with increasing atomic density and excitation strength, with corresponding suppression of resonant scattering and enhancement of off-resonant scattering. We attribute the increased linewidth to resonant dipole-dipole interactions of 18s atoms with blackbody induced population in nearby np states. Over a range of initial atomic densities and excitation strengths, the transition width is described by a single function of the steady-state density of Rydberg atoms, and the observed resonant excitation rate corresponds to that of a two-level system with the measured, rather than natural, linewidth. The broadening mechanism observed here is likely to have negative implications for many proposals with coherently interacting Rydberg atoms.
C1 [Goldschmidt, E. A.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
[Boulier, T.; Brown, R. C.; Koller, S. B.; Young, J. T.; Gorshkov, A. V.; Rolston, S. L.; Porto, J. V.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Boulier, T.; Brown, R. C.; Koller, S. B.; Young, J. T.; Gorshkov, A. V.; Rolston, S. L.; Porto, J. V.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gorshkov, A. V.] NIST, Joint Ctr Quantum Informat & Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gorshkov, A. V.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Brown, R. C.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Koller, S. B.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
RP Porto, JV (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Porto, JV (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM porto@umd.edu
RI Brown, Roger/A-9630-2009; Gorshkov, Alexey/A-9848-2008; rolston,
steven/L-5175-2013;
OI Brown, Roger/0000-0002-8228-4283; Gorshkov, Alexey/0000-0003-0509-3421;
rolston, steven/0000-0003-1671-4190; Goldschmidt,
Elizabeth/0000-0002-6553-9731
FU NSF PIF; AFOSR; ARO; ARL-CDQI; NSF PFC at JQI
FX The authors thank T. C. Killian, F. B. Dunning, A. Browaeys, M.
Foss-Feig, A. Hu, R. M. Wilson, and Z. X. Gong for helpful discussions.
This work was partially supported by NSF PIF, AFOSR, ARO, ARL-CDQI, and
NSF PFC at JQI.
NR 40
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U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 116
IS 11
AR 113001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.113001
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DG9VQ
UT WOS:000372432300002
PM 27035299
ER
PT J
AU Kasprak, A
Hough-Snee, N
Beechie, T
Bouwes, N
Brierley, G
Camp, R
Fryirs, K
Imaki, H
Jensen, M
O'Brien, G
Rosgen, D
Wheaton, J
AF Kasprak, Alan
Hough-Snee, Nate
Beechie, Tim
Bouwes, Nicolaas
Brierley, Gary
Camp, Reid
Fryirs, Kirstie
Imaki, Hiroo
Jensen, Martha
O'Brien, Gary
Rosgen, David
Wheaton, Joseph
TI The Blurred Line between Form and Process: A Comparison of Stream
Channel Classification Frameworks
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID RIVER STYLES FRAMEWORK; UPPER HUNTER CATCHMENT; GRAVEL-BEDDED RIVERS;
LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; NEW-SOUTH-WALES; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; NATURAL
RIVERS; AUSTRALIA; VARIABILITY; GEOMORPHOLOGY
AB Stream classification provides a means to understand the diversity and distribution of channels and floodplains that occur across a landscape while identifying links between geomorphic form and process. Accordingly, stream classification is frequently employed as a watershed planning, management, and restoration tool. At the same time, there has been intense debate and criticism of particular frameworks, on the grounds that these frameworks classify stream reaches based largely on their physical form, rather than direct measurements of their component hydrogeomorphic processes. Despite this debate surrounding stream classifications, and their ongoing use in watershed management, direct comparisons of channel classification frameworks are rare. Here we implement four stream classification frameworks and explore the degree to which each make inferences about hydrogeomorphic process from channel form within the Middle Fork John Day Basin, a watershed of high conservation interest within the Columbia River Basin, U.S.A. We compare the results of the River Styles Framework, Natural Channel Classification, Rosgen Classification System, and a channel form-based statistical classification at 33 field-monitored sites. We found that the four frameworks consistently classified reach types into similar groups based on each reach or segment's dominant hydrogeomorphic elements. Where classified channel types diverged, differences could be attributed to the (a) spatial scale of input data used, (b) the requisite metrics and their order in completing a framework's decision tree and/or, (c) whether the framework attempts to classify current or historic channel form. Divergence in framework agreement was also observed at reaches where channel planform was decoupled from valley setting. Overall, the relative agreement between frameworks indicates that criticism of individual classifications for their use of form in grouping stream channels may be overstated. These form-based criticisms may also ignore the geomorphic tenet that channel form reflects formative hydrogeomorphic processes across a given landscape.
C1 [Kasprak, Alan; Hough-Snee, Nate; Camp, Reid; Jensen, Martha; O'Brien, Gary; Wheaton, Joseph] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Hough-Snee, Nate; Jensen, Martha; Wheaton, Joseph] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Beechie, Tim] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Bouwes, Nicolaas; Camp, Reid] Eco Log Res, Providence, UT USA.
[Brierley, Gary] Univ Auckland, Sch Environm, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
[Fryirs, Kirstie] Macquarie Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
[Imaki, Hiroo] Pacific Spatial Solut, Reston, VA USA.
[Rosgen, David] Wildland Hydrol, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA.
[Kasprak, Alan] US Geol Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Kasprak, A; Hough-Snee, N (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.; Hough-Snee, N (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.; Kasprak, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM akasprak@usgs.gov; nate@natehough-snee.org
RI Wheaton, Joseph/F-1965-2010;
OI Wheaton, Joseph/0000-0002-8361-8150; Hough-Snee,
Nate/0000-0003-4581-0931; Bouwes, Nicolaas/0000-0003-0249-3593
FU Bonneville Power Administration (BPA Project), Inc. [2003-017]; ELR (USU
Award) [100652]; STAR Fellowship - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) [91768201 - 0]
FX Support for this manuscript was provided by grants from the Bonneville
Power Administration to Eco Logical Research (BPA Project Number:
2003-017), Inc. and subsequent grants from ELR to Utah State University
(USU Award ID: 100652). NH-S was supported in part by STAR Fellowship
Assistance Agreement no. 91768201 - 0 awarded by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA). This research has not been formally reviewed by
the EPA, NOAA or BPA and the views expressed herein are solely those of
the authors. The EPA, NOAA, and BPA do not endorse any products or
commercial services mentioned in this publication. The funders had no
role in study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 93
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U1 7
U2 14
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAR 16
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 3
AR e0150293
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0150293
PG 31
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DH1WF
UT WOS:000372574900033
PM 26982076
ER
PT J
AU de Ronde, CEJ
Walker, SL
LeBlanc, C
Davy, BW
Fornari, DJ
Tontini, FC
Scott, BJ
Seebeck, H
Stewart, TJ
Mazot, A
Nicol, A
Tivey, MA
AF de Ronde, C. E. J.
Walker, S. L.
LeBlanc, C.
Davy, B. W.
Fornari, D. J.
Tontini, F. Caratori
Scott, B. J.
Seebeck, H.
Stewart, T. J.
Mazot, A.
Nicol, A.
Tivey, M. A.
TI Reconstruction of the geology and structure of Lake Rotomahana and its
hydrothermal systems from high-resolution multibeam mapping and seismic
surveys: Effects of the 1886 Tarawera Rift eruption
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Lake Rotomahana; Rotomahana West; Rotomahana East; Hochstetter;
Waingongongongo and Rotomakariri craters; Pink Terraces and Patiti
hydrothermal systems
ID TAUPO VOLCANIC ZONE; NEW-ZEALAND; NORTH-ISLAND; CALDERA; MAGMA;
KINEMATICS; EVOLUTION; RHYOLITE; INSIGHTS; VENTS
AB Present-day Lake Rotomahana is one of the two focal points of the most destructive eruption in New Zealand's historical record, i.e., that of Mt. Tarawera on 10 June 1886, with devastating loss of life and presumed destruction of the iconic Pink and White Terraces that adorned the margins of the lake. Basaltic dikes are considered to have ascended near surface in the area, intruding into hydrothermally altered and water-saturated ground beneath the existing lake. The consequential hydrothermal and phreatomagmatic eruptions ejected 0.5325 km(3) of material from the lakefloor and below, plastering the nearby landscape for several kilometers with mud and other debris. The eruption buried the natural outlet of the lake, with the bottom of the craters becoming filled by water within months and completely concealed from view within years; today Lake Rotomahana has depths up to 118 m.
High-resolution (0.5 m) bathymetric mapping, when combined with a 2-D seismic reflection survey, enables us to 'see' details of the maar craters on the lakefloor, including those parts subsequently buried by sediment. The large Rotomahana Crater described by workers immediately after the eruption measures-2.5 km in diameter near its southwestern end, and excavated ground to 155 m below present-day lake level. The vent system, as revealed by the present study, forms an array of right-stepping (dextral) craters, with the main crater being host to two sub-craters Rotomahana West Crater and Rotomahana East Crater today buried beneath the lakefloor, and which are in-filled by 36 and 37 m of sediment, respectively. Subordinate craters along the same 057 degrees Tarawera Rift trace include Hochstetter Crater (11 m of infill), Waingongongongo Crater (14 m) and Rotomakariri Crater (26 m). These craters host a total 0.0268 km(3) of sediment. Other features highlighted by the bathymetric data include; craters not filled by sediment, sediment fan deltas, volcanic ridges and dikes, submerged wave-cut terraces formed during times of lower lake levels and gas pockmarks, all either related to the 1886 eruptive episode or post-eruption hydrothermal and erosional processes.
Application of results from bubble plume, CO2 flux, magnetic and heat flux surveys of Lake Rotomahana to this study, when combined with regional earthquake relocation analysis and broadband magnetotelluric data, suggest an explanation in terms of a magmatic heat source located south of Waimangu and a corresponding convective water/heat transport system extending thence to beneath the western end of the lake. A holistic approach has provided a coherent context for the eruption and its effect on the historical Pink and White Terraces hydro thermal system that appears to have been the eastern-most extension of a larger system that lay beneath the Waimangu area before the eruption. The newly named Pink Terraces hydrothermal system (similar to 1.5 km(2)) is a continuation of the historical hydrothermal activity that was concentrated on the western shores of the old lake, and together with the Tormation of the new, post-1886 Patiti hydrothermal system (similar to 1 km(2)) located SW of Patiti Island, mark the two distinct areas of hydrothermal activity in the lake today. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [de Ronde, C. E. J.; LeBlanc, C.; Davy, B. W.; Tontini, F. Caratori; Seebeck, H.; Stewart, T. J.] GNS Sci, 1 Fairway Dr, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand.
[Walker, S. L.; Tivey, M. A.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Fornari, D. J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, 266 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Scott, B. J.; Mazot, A.] GNS Sci, 114 Karetoto Rd,RD4, Taupo 3384, New Zealand.
[Nicol, A.] Univ Canterbury, Geol Sci, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.
RP de Ronde, CEJ (reprint author), GNS Sci, 1 Fairway Dr, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand.
OI Caratori Tontini, Fabio/0000-0002-2000-416X
FU GNS Science Strategic Development Fund
FX We gratefully acknowledge iXSurvey for providing in-kind assistance in
the acquisition of multi-beam data for this project, and Dave Mundy and
Mark Matthews for their expertise in doing an excellent job of surveying
Lake Rotomahana. Dirk Immenga of the University of Waikato provided
expert boatsmanship and safe working conditions during the seismic
survey, camera, and CTDO deployments. We thank Steve Wilcox (NIWA) for
acquisition of the Boomer seismic data. We also acknowledge the Te Arawa
Lakes Trust Board for providing access to the lake and for their ongoing
encouragement to do this research. Harvey James and all the team at
Waimangu Volcanic Valley were instrumental in providing safe and regular
access to the lake. The Rotorua Lakes District Council provided access
to the aerial photographs used in Fig. 19. Heidi Berkenbosch is thanked
for her help in creating some of the figures and Samantha Muir for
providing the photographs in Fig. 10C and D. C de R would like to
acknowledge valuable discussions with Ron Keam (U. of Auckland) and help
provided by Rawiri Faulkner (GNS) in making this project a reality.
Reviews by an anonymous reviewer and by R.F. Keam of an earlier version
of this paper helped improve clarity. This is PMEL contribution number
4352. Funding for this project was by way of the GNS Science Strategic
Development Fund.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 314
BP 57
EP 83
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.02.002
PG 27
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DP3AA
UT WOS:000378363600005
ER
PT J
AU Tivey, MA
de Ronde, CE
Tontini, FC
Walker, SL
Fornari, DJ
AF Tivey, Maurice A.
de Ronde, Cornel Ej.
Tontini, Fabio Caratori
Walker, Sharon L.
Fornari, Daniel J.
TI A novel heat flux study of a geothermally active lake - Lake Rotomahana,
New Zealand
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Heat conduction; Lacustrine geothermal activity; Lake Rotomahana;
Thermal blanket instrument
ID TEMPERATURE-GRADIENTS; FLOW MEASUREMENTS; SEDIMENTS; BOTTOM
AB A new technique for measuring conductive heat flux in a lake was adapted from the marine environment to allow for multiple measurements to be made in areas where bottom sediment cover is sparse, or even absent. This thermal blanket technique, pioneered in the deep ocean for use in volcanic mid-ocean rift environments, was recently used in the geothermally active Lake Rotomahana, New Zealand. Heat flow from the lake floor propagates into the 0.5 m diameter blanket and establishes a thermal gradient across the known blanket thickness and thereby provides an estimate of the conductive heat flux of the underlying terrain. This approach allows conductive heat flux to be measured over a spatially dense set of stations in a relatively short period of time. We used 10 blankets and deployed them for 1 day each to complete 110 stations over an 11-day program in the 6 x 3 km lake. Results show that Lake Rotomahana has a total conductive heat flux of about 47 MW averaging 6 W/m(2) over the geothermally active lake. The western half of the lake has two main areas of high heat flux; 1) a high heat flux area averaging 21.3 W/m(2) along the western shoreline, which is likely the location of the pre-existing geothermal system that fed the famous Pink Terraces, mostly destroyed during the 1886 eruption 2) a region southwest of Patiti Island with a heat flux averaging 13.1 W/m(2) that appears to be related to the explosive rift that formed the lake in the 1886 Tarawera eruption. A small rise in bottom water temperature over the survey period of 0.01 degrees C/day suggests the total thermal output of the lake is similar to 112-132 MW and when compared to the conductive heat output suggests that 18-42% of the total thermal energy is by conductive heat transfer. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tivey, Maurice A.; Fornari, Daniel J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[de Ronde, Cornel Ej.; Tontini, Fabio Caratori] GNS Sci, 1 Fairway Dr,Avalon 5010,Box 30-368, Lower Hutt 6315, New Zealand.
[Walker, Sharon L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE,Bldg 3, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Tivey, MA (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM mtivey@whoi.edu
RI Tivey, Maurice/E-9247-2015;
OI Tivey, Maurice/0000-0003-0821-1155; Caratori Tontini,
Fabio/0000-0002-2000-416X
FU GNS Science Strategic Development fund [L13-09 SDF]; Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution
FX We thank Dirk Immenga of the University of Waikato, New Zealand for his
superbly efficient and capable skippering of the small boat used in the
heat flow survey. We also thank Dr. H. Paul Johnson of the University of
Washington (UW), Seattle for the loan of his thermal blankets for this
project and to Marie Salmi (UW) and Mike Hutnak for advice on processing
the heat flow data. Finally, we thank the management and staff of the
Waimangu Volcanic Valley tourist area for their kind permission to use
the access roads to the lake during the survey period. We would also
like to thank the reviewers Rob Harris and Bill Chadwick along with the
Editor Alessandro Aiuppa for their comments on the manuscript. New
Zealand funding for this project was from the GNS Science Strategic
Development fund L13-09 SDF "How active is the Okataina caldera? -
Follow the heat." Support for Tivey was made possible by Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution. This is PMEL contribution 4295.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 314
BP 95
EP 109
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.06.006
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DP3AA
UT WOS:000378363600007
ER
PT J
AU de Ronde, CEJ
Fornari, DJ
Ferrini, VL
Walker, SL
Davy, BW
LeBlanc, C
Tontini, FC
Kukulya, AL
Littlefield, RH
AF de Ronde, C. E. J.
Fornari, D. J.
Ferrini, V. L.
Walker, S. L.
Davy, B. W.
LeBlanc, C.
Tontini, F. Caratori
Kukulya, A. L.
Littlefield, R. H.
TI The Pink and White Terraces of Lake Rotomahana: what was their fate
after the 1886 Tarawera Rift eruption?
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Lake Rotomahana; Pink and White Terraces; Side-scan sonar
ID NEW-ZEALAND
AB The Pink and White Terraces that once stood regally on the shores of old Lake Rotomahana, and which were unique in their beauty as a natural wonder of the world, were regarded by the local Maori as a taonga, or treasure, because of the therapeutic qualities of the waters and their majestic appearance. The eruption of Mt. Tarawera on June 10, 1886 is commonly cited as the cause of their demise, with the lake rapidly rising soon thereafter to drown the large, newly formed Rotomahana crater and other volcanic edifices shaped during the excavation of the old lake. Thus, the effects of the eruption have been masked from onlookers for more than 125 years. However, application of state-of-the-art survey techniques usually applied in the marine realm to modern Lake Rotomahana, including AUV surveys with numerous sensors, seismic profiling, water column surveys and deployment of deep sea cameras, has provided a wealth of new information about the state of hydrothermal systems in the lake and the probable fortunes of the Pink and White Terraces.
We believe that the majority of both sets of terraces were destroyed during the eruption. However, some tantalizing evidence remains for remnants from both sites to exist to this day. High-resolution bathymetric mapping of the lake floor clearly recognizes some features of the post-1886 landscape, including a prominent landmark known as The Pinnacle. If we accept the postulated location of The Pinnacle on a pre-1886 map of Lake Rotomahana, then we appear to have captured a photograph of one of the buttresses to a tier of the nearby White Terraces. More revealing, are side-scan sonar images of structures located in the correct position of the Pink Terraces with respect to The Pinnacle, albeit similar to 20 m deeper than expected if the pre-1886 lake level of 292 m above sea level is to be believed. This work clearly shows that the greater Pink Terraces hydrothermal system survived the eruption and is very active today, whereas that part of the system that supplied hydrothermal fluids to the White Terraces has largely ceased activity altogether. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [de Ronde, C. E. J.; Davy, B. W.; LeBlanc, C.; Tontini, F. Caratori] GNS Sci, 1 Fairway Dr, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand.
[Fornari, D. J.; Kukulya, A. L.; Littlefield, R. H.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, 266 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Ferrini, V. L.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Geol Observ, 75 Geoinformat Ctr,61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Walker, S. L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP de Ronde, CEJ (reprint author), GNS Sci, 1 Fairway Dr, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand.
EM cornel.deronde@gns.cri.nz
OI Caratori Tontini, Fabio/0000-0002-2000-416X
FU WHOI-MISO facility; Investment in Science Fund at WHOI; GNS Science
Strategic Development Fund; WHOI-OSL
FX D. Immenga (University of Waikato) provided expert boatsmanship and safe
working conditions during the seismic survey and camera deployments and
B. Scott (GNS Science) did likewise during the deployments and
recoveries of the AUVs. We thank S. Wilcox (NIWA) for acquisition of the
Boomer seismic data. M. Swartz assisted in MISO camera and CTD
mobilization and equipment design for the two lake surveys and M.
Purcell (WHOI-OSL) helped organize and fund the logistics for the 2011
AUV survey. We acknowledge the Te Arawa Lakes Trust Board for providing
access to the lake and for their ongoing support to do this research. H.
James and co-workers at Waimangu Volcanic Valley were instrumental in
providing safe and regular access to the lake. C de R would like to
acknowledge valuable discussions had with R. Kellett (GNS Science) and
R.F. Keam (U. of Auckland), in particular, who also kindly allowed us to
reproduce Fig. 3. H.A. Berkenbosch helped with some of the figures. This
paper benefited from review by S.F. Simmons and an anonymous reviewer.
DJF acknowledges support from the WHOI-MISO facility and The Investment
in Science Fund at WHOI of the field studies. Funding for this project
was by way of the GNS Science Strategic Development Fund. This is PMEL
contribution number 4402.
NR 24
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 314
BP 126
EP 141
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.02.003
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DP3AA
UT WOS:000378363600009
ER
PT J
AU Walker, SL
de Ronde, CEJ
Fornari, D
Tivey, MA
Stucker, VK
AF Walker, Sharon L.
de Ronde, Come E. J.
Fornari, Daniel
Tivey, Maurice A.
Stucker, Valerie K.
TI High-resolution water column survey to identify active sublacustrine
hydrothermal discharge zones within Lake Rotomahana, North Island, New
Zealand
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Lake Rotomahana; Hydrothermal venting; pH; Turbidity;
Oxidation-reduction potential; Freshwater lakes
ID YELLOWSTONE LAKE; CRATER LAKE; SYSTEM; WAIMANGU; EXPLORATION; DISCOVERY;
OREGON; RIDGE; VENTS; ARC
AB Autonomous underwater vehicles were used to conduct a high-resolution water column survey of Lake Rotomahana using temperature, pH, turbidity, and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) to identify active hydro thermal discharge zones within the lake. Five areas with active sublacustrine venting were identified: (1) the area of the historic Pink Terraces; (2) adjacent to the western shoreline subaerial "Steaming Cliffs," boiling springs and geyser; (3) along the northern shoreline to the east of the Pink Terrace site; (4) the newly discovered Patiti hydrothermal system along the south margin of the 1886 Tarawera eruption rift zone; and (5) a location in the east basin (northeast of Patiti Island). The Pink Terrace hydrothermal system was active prior to the 1886 eruption of Mount Tarawera, but venting along the western shoreline, in the east basin, and the Patiti hydrothermal system appear to have been initiated in the aftermath of the eruption, similar to Waimangu Valley to the southwest. Different combinations of turbidity, pH anomalies (both positive and negative), and ORP responses suggest vent fluid compositions vary over short distances within the lake. The seasonal period of stratification limits vertical transport of heat to the surface layer and the hypolimnion temperature of Lake Rotomahana consequently increases with an average warming rate of similar to 0.010 degrees C/day due to both convective hydrothermal discharge and conductive geothermal heating. A sudden temperature increase occurred during our 2011 survey and was likely the response to an earthquake swarm just 11 days prior. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Walker, Sharon L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne,Bldg 3, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[de Ronde, Come E. J.; Stucker, Valerie K.] GNS Sci, Marine Geosci, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
[Fornari, Daniel; Tivey, Maurice A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Walker, SL (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne,Bldg 3, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Sharon.L.Walker@noaa.gov
FU GNS Strategic Development Fund
FX We thank Dirk Immenga, Bradley Scott, Amy Kukulya, Robin Littlefield,
and Vicki Ferrini for excellent boat handling and AUV operations
support. We thank the Te Arawa Lakes Trust Board for permission to
complete this work, and the Waimangu Volcanic Valley management and
staff for allowing access and providing logistical support. We also
thank reviewers Edward Baker and Agnes Mazot for their helpful comments
to improve the manuscript. Funding was provided by GNS Strategic
Development Fund. This is PMEL contribution 4294. I would like to
dedicate this paper to my brother Steven Lawrence Walker (1960-2014) who
was always very supportive and interested in our work.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 314
BP 142
EP 155
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.07.037
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DP3AA
UT WOS:000378363600010
ER
PT J
AU Stucker, VK
de Ronde, CEJ
Scott, BJ
Wilson, NJ
Walker, SL
Lupton, JE
AF Stucker, Valerie K.
de Ronde, Cornel E. J.
Scott, Bradley J.
Wilson, Nathaniel J.
Walker, Sharon L.
Lupton, John E.
TI Subaerial and sublacustrine hydrothermal activity at Lake Rotomahana
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrothermal fluids; Magmatic degassing; Helium isotopes;
Geothermometer; Water isotopes; Waimangu Valley
ID TAUPO VOLCANIC ZONE; NEW-ZEALAND; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; GEOTHERMAL
WATERS; STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; HELIUM ISOTOPE; WAIMANGU; CHEMISTRY;
SYSTEM; TEMPERATURE
AB Lake Rotomahana is a crater lake in the Okataina Volcanic Centre (New Zealand) that was significantly modified by the 1886 Tarawera Rift eruption. The lake is host to numerous sublacustrine hydrothermal vents. Water column studies were conducted in 2011 and 2014 along with sampling of lake shore hot springs and crater lakes in Waimangu Valley to complement magnetic, seismic, bathymetric and heat flux surveys. Helium concentrations below 50 m depth are higher in 2014 compared to 2011 and represent some of the highest concentrations measured, at 6 x 10(-7) ccSTP/g, with an end-member He-3/He-4 value of 7.1 R-A. The high concentrations of helium, when coupled with pH anomalies due to high dissolved CO2 content, suggest the dominant chemical input to the lake is derived from magmatic degassing of an underlying magma. The lake shore hot spring waters show differences in source temperatures using a Na-K geothermometer, with inferred reservoir temperatures ranging between 197 and 232 degrees C. Water delta O-18 and delta D values show isotopic enrichment due to evaporation of a steam heated pool with samples from nearby Waimangu Valley having the greatest enrichment. Results from this study confirm both pre-1886 eruption hydrothermal sites and newly created post-eruption sites are both still active. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Stucker, Valerie K.; de Ronde, Cornel E. J.] GNS Sci, Marine Geosci, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
[Scott, Bradley J.] GNS Sci, Volcanol, Wairakei, New Zealand.
[Wilson, Nathaniel J.] Golder Associates, Auckland, New Zealand.
[Wilson, Nathaniel J.] Univ Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
[Walker, Sharon L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Lupton, John E.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Newport, OR USA.
RP Stucker, VK (reprint author), GNS Sci, Marine Geosci, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
EM V.Stucker@gns.cri.nz
FU EQC; GNS Science; LINZ; GNS Strategic Development Fund project [L13-09]
FX Harvey James, Maurice Tivey, Dan Fornari, Tom Ayling, Dirk Immenga and
Dean Forrest were all invaluable to the sampling process, and this work
was greatly improved with their assistance. We acknowledge the New
Zealand GeoNet project and its sponsors EQC, GNS Science and LINZ for
providing data used in this study. Conversations with Bruce Christensen
and Mike Stewart and figure assistance from Heidi Berkenbosch, Philip
Carthew and Sue Shaw helped to improve the results and manuscript Leigh
Evans carried out the helium isotope measurements at NOAA/PMEL, Newport,
Oregon. We also thank Professor Dr. Britta Planer-Friedrich at the
University of Bayreuth and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of
Germany for the opportunity and support that enabled sampling and
analysis of metalloids as part of this study. Permission to complete
this work was provided by the Te Arawa Lakes Trust Board, and we thank
them for their support and interest to allow this study to take place.
Finally, we would like to thank reviewers Jake Lowenstern and Cynthia
Werner for their helpful suggestions to improve the manuscript. Funding
was provided by GNS Strategic Development Fund project L13-09 "How
active is the Okataina caldera?-Follow the heat".
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 314
BP 156
EP 168
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.06.017
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DP3AA
UT WOS:000378363600011
ER
PT J
AU Shen, Y
Barros, M
Vennemann, T
Gallagher, DT
Yin, Y
Linden, SB
Heselpoth, RD
Spencer, DJ
Donovan, DM
Moult, J
Fischetti, VA
Heinrich, F
Losche, M
Nelson, DC
AF Shen, Yang
Barros, Marilia
Vennemann, Tarek
Ggallagher, D. Travis
Yin, Yizhou
Linden, Sara B.
Heselpoth, Ryan D.
Spencer, Dennis J.
Donovan, David M.
Moult, John
Fischetti, Vincent A.
Heinrich, Frank
Losche, Mathias
Nelson, Daniel C.
TI A bacteriophage endolysin that eliminates intracellular streptococci
SO ELIFE
LA English
DT Article
ID BILAYER-LIPID MEMBRANES; RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS;
CELL-PENETRATING PEPTIDE; GROUP-A STREPTOCOCCI; ELECTROSTATIC
INTERACTION; ANTI-INFECTIVES; ANNEXIN A5; PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE; PYOGENES;
LYSIN
AB PIyC, a bacteriophage-encoded endolysin, lyses Streptococcus pyogenes (Spy) on contact. Here, we demonstrate that PIyC is a potent agent for controlling intracellular Spy that often underlies refractory infections. We show that the PIyC holoenzyme, mediated by its PIyCB subunit, crosses epithelial cell membranes and clears intracellular Spy in a dose-dependent manner. Quantitative studies using model membranes establish that PIyCB interacts strongly with phosphatidylserine (PS), whereas its interaction with other lipids is weak, suggesting specificity for PS as its cellular receptor. Neutron reflection further substantiates that PIyC penetrates bilayers above a PS threshold concentration. Crystallography and docking studies identify key residues that mediate PIyCB PS interactions, which are validated by site-directed mutagenesis. This is the first report that a native endolysin can traverse epithelial membranes, thus substantiating the potential of PIyC as an antimicrobial for Spy in the extracellular and intracellular milieu and as a scaffold for engineering other functionalities.
C1 [Shen, Yang; Ggallagher, D. Travis; Yin, Yizhou; Linden, Sara B.; Heselpoth, Ryan D.; Moult, John; Nelson, Daniel C.] Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD USA.
[Barros, Marilia; Vennemann, Tarek; Heinrich, Frank; Losche, Mathias] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Ggallagher, D. Travis] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Spencer, Dennis J.; Fischetti, Vincent A.] Rockefeller Univ, Lab Bacterial Pathogenesis & Immunol, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Donovan, David M.] USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Moult, John] Univ Maryland, Dept Cell Biol & Mol Genet, Rockville, MD USA.
[Heinrich, Frank; Losche, Mathias] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Losche, Mathias] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Nelson, Daniel C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Nelson, DC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD USA.; Nelson, DC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM nelsond@umd.edu
RI Heinrich, Frank/A-5339-2010; Losche, Mathias/J-2986-2013
OI Heinrich, Frank/0000-0002-8579-553X; Losche, Mathias/0000-0001-6666-916X
FU National Institute of General [R01GM110202, R01GM101647]; National
Institute of Allergy [R01A111822]
FX National Institute of General R01GM110202 Daniel C Nelson Medical
Sciencesr National Institute of Allergy R01A111822 Vincent A Fischetti
and Infectious Diseasesr National Institute of General R01GM101647
Mathias Losche Medical Sciencesr The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit
the work for publication.
NR 66
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PU ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA SHERATON HOUSE, CASTLE PARK, CAMBRIDGE, CB3 0AX, ENGLAND
SN 2050-084X
J9 ELIFE
JI eLife
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 5
AR e13152
DI 10.7554/eLife.13152
PG 26
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA DK9DE
UT WOS:000375229900001
ER
PT J
AU Lehnert, H
Stone, RP
AF Lehnert, Helmut
Stone, Robert P.
TI Suggestion of Raspailia (Hymeraphiopsis) septentrionalis as replacement
name for Raspailia (Hymeraphiopsis) fruticosa Lehnert & Stone, 2015
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Lehnert, Helmut] Eichenstr 14, D-86507 Oberottmarshausen, Germany.
[Lehnert, Helmut] GeoBioctr LMU Munchen, Richard Wagner Str 10, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
[Stone, Robert P.] NOAA, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 17109 Point Lena Loop, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Lehnert, H (reprint author), Eichenstr 14, D-86507 Oberottmarshausen, Germany.; Lehnert, H (reprint author), GeoBioctr LMU Munchen, Richard Wagner Str 10, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
EM Lehnert@spongetaxonomics.de
NR 1
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U1 0
U2 0
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 4092
IS 1
BP 139
EP 139
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DK9NJ
UT WOS:000375257200009
PM 27394372
ER
PT J
AU Fuell, KK
Guyer, BJ
Kann, D
Molthan, AL
Elmer, N
AF Fuell, Kevin K.
Guyer, Brian J.
Kann, Deirdre
Molthan, Andrew L.
Elmer, Nicholas
TI Next Generation Satellite RGB Dust Imagery Leads to Operational Changes
at NWS Albuquerque
SO JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GOES-R; SYSTEM; FOG
AB The National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Short-term Prediction Research and Transition (SPoRT) Center has been providing unique, multispectral red-green-blue (RGB) composite imagery to operational forecasters since 2004. More recently, SPoRT has used the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites "best practices" standards for RGB composites to transition a wide array of imagery for multiple uses. A "Dust" RGB product has been made available for evaluation at the National Weather Service (NWS) in Albuquerque, New Mexico (ABQ), since 2012. Several cases have occurred where forecasters were able to isolate dust plume locations for mesoscale and synoptic events during daytime and nighttime conditions. This type of imagery is a large change from the single channel imagery typically used by operational forecast staff and, therefore, can be a challenge to interpret. This paper focuses on the integration of such new imagery into operational use as well as the benefits assessed by NWS ABQ over several documented events. The primary benefits include improvements in short-term forecasts of ceiling conditions for the aviation community as well as improved decision support services and communication to the general public regarding blowing dust.
C1 [Fuell, Kevin K.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Guyer, Brian J.; Kann, Deirdre] NOAA, Natl Weather Servce, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Molthan, Andrew L.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Earth Sci Off, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA.
[Elmer, Nicholas] Univ Alabama, Dept Atmosopher Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
RP Fuell, KK (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.; Fuell, KK (reprint author), 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
EM kevin.fuell@uah.edu
NR 23
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PU NATL WEATHER ASSOC
PI NORMAN
PA 350 DAVID L BOREN BLVD, STE 2750, NORMAN, OK USA
SN 2325-6184
J9 J OPER METEOROL
JI J. Oper. Meteorol.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 4
IS 6
BP 75
EP 91
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DH6MT
UT WOS:000372905500001
ER
PT J
AU Leshem, A
Meshulam, G
Porat, G
Arie, A
AF Leshem, Anat
Meshulam, Guilia
Porat, Gil
Arie, Ady
TI Adiabatic second-harmonic generation
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FREQUENCY-CONVERSION; APODIZATION; GRATINGS; PULSES; PUMP
AB Adiabatic three-wave mixing processes enable broadband, efficient, and robust frequency conversion by slowly varying the phase mismatch between the interacting waves along the interaction region. Up until now, this method was mainly used in the case in which one of the waves was undepleted. Here we experimentally study fully nonlinear adiabatic processes by implementation in type I and type II second-harmonic generation processes, where the undepleted pump approximation does not hold. Using quasi-phase-matched interaction in chirped gratings, we obtain conversion efficiency approaching 60% and 80%, with corresponding wide thermal acceptance bandwidths of >100 degrees C and 30 degrees C, respectively. The transition between the depleted and undepleted pump regimes is also studied by varying the input polarization angle in the type II process; thus we also test current theory with arbitrary initial conditions. The results are in excellent agreement with analytic predictions for the fully nonlinear adiabatic process. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Leshem, Anat; Meshulam, Guilia; Arie, Ady] Tel Aviv Univ, Fleischman Fac Engn, Dept Phys Elect, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Porat, Gil] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Porat, Gil] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Leshem, A (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Fleischman Fac Engn, Dept Phys Elect, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
EM anatleshem@mail.tau.ac.il
FU Israeli Science Foundation [1310/13]; Israeli Ministry of Science,
Technology and Space
FX Israeli Science Foundation (1310/13), Israeli Ministry of Science,
Technology and Space.
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
EI 1539-4794
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 6
BP 1229
EP 1232
DI 10.1364/OL.41.001229
PG 4
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA DH8KS
UT WOS:000373042600040
PM 26977676
ER
PT J
AU Rhoderick, GC
Kitzis, DR
Kelley, ME
Miller, WR
Hall, BD
Dlugokencky, EJ
Tans, PP
Possolo, A
Carney, J
AF Rhoderick, George C.
Kitzis, Duane R.
Kelley, Michael E.
Miller, Walter R.
Hall, Bradley D.
Dlugokencky, Edward J.
Tans, Pieter P.
Possolo, Antonio
Carney, Jennifer
TI Development of a Northern Continental Air Standard Reference Material
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CAVITY RING; DRY AIR; CO2; SPECTROSCOPY; METHANE
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recently began to develop standard mixtures of greenhouse gases as part of a broad program mandated by the 2009 United States Congress to support research in climate change. To this end, NIST developed suites of gravimetrically assigned primary standard mixtures (PSMs) comprising carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) in a dry-natural air balance at ambient mole fraction levels. In parallel, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in Boulder, Colorado, charged 30 aluminum gas cylinders with northern hemisphere air at Niwot Ridge, Colorado. These mixtures, which constitute NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1720 Northern Continental Air, were certified by NIST for ambient mole fractions of CO2, CH4, and N2O relative to NIST PSMs. NOAA-assigned values are also provided as information in support of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Program for CO2, CH4, and N2O, since NOAA serves as the WMO Central Calibration Laboratory (CCL) for CO2, CH4, and N2O. Relative expanded uncertainties at the 95% confidence interval are <+/- 0.06% of the certified values for CO2 and N2O and <0.2% for CH4, which represents the smallest relative uncertainties specified to date for a gaseous SRM produced by NIST. Agreement between the NOAA (WMO/GAW) and NIST values based on their respective calibration standards suites is within 0.05%, 0.13%, and 0.06% for CO2, CH4, and N2O, respectively. This collaborative development effort also represents the first of its kind for a gaseous SRM developed by NIST.
C1 [Rhoderick, George C.] NIST, Gas Sensing Metrol Grp, Div Chem Sci, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kitzis, Duane R.; Hall, Bradley D.; Dlugokencky, Edward J.; Tans, Pieter P.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Possolo, Antonio] NIST, Stat Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rhoderick, GC (reprint author), NIST, Gas Sensing Metrol Grp, Div Chem Sci, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM george.rhoderick@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology Greenhouse Gas
Measurement and Climate Research Program
FX Support for the development of this Standard Reference Material was
provided by the National Institute of Standards and Technology
Greenhouse Gas Measurement and Climate Research Program. Certain
commercial equipment, instruments and materials are identified in order
to specify experimental procedures as completely as possible. In no case
does such identification imply a recommendation or endorsement by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology nor does it imply that
any of the materials, instruments, or equipment identified are
necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 88
IS 6
BP 3376
EP 3385
DI 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00123
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA DG9GT
UT WOS:000372391500055
PM 26890890
ER
PT J
AU Sorhus, E
Incardona, JP
Furmanek, T
Jentoft, S
Meier, S
Edvardsen, RB
AF Sorhus, Elfin
Incardona, John P.
Furmanek, Tomasz
Jentoft, Sissel
Meier, Sonnich
Edvardsen, Rolf B.
TI Developmental transcriptomics in Atlantic haddock: Illuminating pattern
formation and organogenesis in non-model vertebrates
SO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; CRUDE-OIL; LARVAL DEVELOPMENT; HEART DEVELOPMENT;
ZEBRAFISH EMBRYO; BONE-DEVELOPMENT; GENE-EXPRESSION; CATHEPSIN-K; FISH;
MORPHOGENESIS
AB Gadiforms such as Atlantic haddock comprise some of the world's most economically important fisheries. Understanding the early life history of these fish is a prerequisite for predicting effects of a changing environment and increased human activities. Robust assessment of the effects of environmental impacts on the embryos of non-model vertebrates is hampered by a lack of molecular resources and detailed knowledge regarding the regulation of genes and pathways in early development. Here we used mRNA sequencing to link transcriptional changes to developmental processes in haddock, specifically, pattern formation and organogenesis. Temporal expression of key developmental genes was tightly anchored to either the appearance of visible structures or cellular processes characterised in model organisms. These findings demonstrate the high potential of developmental transcriptomics as an analytical tool for improved understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms leading to abnormal development in any vertebrate. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sorhus, Elfin; Furmanek, Tomasz; Meier, Sonnich; Edvardsen, Rolf B.] Inst Marine Res, POB 1870, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
[Sorhus, Elfin; Jentoft, Sissel] Univ Oslo, CEES, POB 1066, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.
[Incardona, John P.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Jentoft, Sissel] Univ Agder, Dept Nat Sci, N-4604 Kristiansand, Norway.
RP Sorhus, E (reprint author), Inst Marine Res, POB 1870, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
EM Elin.sorhus@imr.no
FU VISTA Foundation [6161]; Institute of Marine Research, Norway [14236]
FX We would like to acknowledge Stig Ove Utskot, Orjan Karlsen and Terje
van der Meeren for breeding and management of the fish and Penny Swanson
for review and comments on the manuscript. This work was financed by the
VISTA Foundation (Project no. 6161, www.vista.no) and the Institute of
Marine Research, Norway (Project no. 14236, www.imr.no). The funders had
no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript
NR 76
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 12
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0012-1606
EI 1095-564X
J9 DEV BIOL
JI Dev. Biol.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 411
IS 2
BP 301
EP 313
DI 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.02.012
PG 13
WC Developmental Biology
SC Developmental Biology
GA DG9DR
UT WOS:000372383500014
PM 26875497
ER
PT J
AU Baylon, PM
Jaffe, DA
Pierce, RB
Gustin, MS
AF Baylon, Pao M.
Jaffe, Daniel A.
Pierce, R. Bradley
Gustin, Mae S.
TI Interannual Variability in Baseline Ozone and Its Relationship to
Surface Ozone in the Western US
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; STRATOSPHERIC INTRUSIONS; FREE TROPOSPHERE;
AIR-POLLUTION; BACHELOR; O-3; SPRINGTIME; CALIFORNIA; MORTALITY; PACIFIC
AB Baseline ozone refers to observed concentrations of tropospheric ozone at sites that have a negligible influence from local emissions. The Mount Bachelor Observatory (MBO) was established in 2004 to examine baseline air masses as they arrive to North America from the west. In May 2012, we observed an O-3 increase of 2.0-8.5 ppbv in monthly average maximum daily 8-hour average O-3 mixing ratio (MDA8 O-3) at MBO and numerous other sites in the western U.S. compared to previous years. This shift in the O-3 distribution had an impact on the number of exceedance days. We also observed a good correlation between daily MDA8 variations at MBO and at downwind sites. This suggests that under specific meteorological conditions, synoptic variation in O-3 at MBO can be observed at other surface sites in The western U.S. At MBO, the elevated O-3 concentrations in May 2012 are associated with low CO values and low water vapor values, consistent with transport from the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UT/LS). Furthermore, the Real-time Air Quality Modeling System (RAQMS) analyses indicate that a large flux of O-3 from the UT/LS in May 2012 contributed to the observed enhanced O-3 across the western U.S. Our results suggest that a network of mountaintop observations, LiDAR and satellite observations of O-3 could provide key data on daily and interannual variations in baseline O-3.
C1 [Baylon, Pao M.; Jaffe, Daniel A.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, 408 Atmospher Sci Geophys Bldg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Jaffe, Daniel A.] Univ Washington Bothell, Sch Sci Technol Engn & Math, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011 USA.
[Pierce, R. Bradley] NOAA NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Adv Satellite Prod Branch, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
[Gustin, Mae S.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Baylon, PM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, 408 Atmospher Sci Geophys Bldg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM lbaylon@uw.edu
RI Pierce, Robert Bradley/F-5609-2010
OI Pierce, Robert Bradley/0000-0002-2767-1643
FU National Science Foundation [1447832]; NOAA Earth System Research
Laboratory
FX Funding for research at MBO was supported by the National Science
Foundation (grant number: 1447832). The MBO is also supported by a grant
from the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory. The views, opinions and
findings contained in this report are those of the author(s) and should
not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration or U.S. Government position, policy or decision.
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 24
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 50
IS 6
BP 2994
EP 3001
DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b00219
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DG9GZ
UT WOS:000372392100027
PM 26882468
ER
PT J
AU Frazier, AG
Giambelluca, TW
Diaz, HF
Needham, HL
AF Frazier, Abby G.
Giambelluca, Thomas W.
Diaz, Henry F.
Needham, Heidi L.
TI Comparison of geostatistical approaches to spatially interpolate
month-year rainfall for the Hawaiian Islands
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE kriging; monthly rainfall; Hawai"i; anomalies; cross-validation
ID GLOBAL LAND PRECIPITATION; SPACE-TIME CLIMATE; AIR-TEMPERATURE;
VARIABILITY; SURFACE; GAUGES; RADAR; UNCERTAINTY; TERRAIN; SERIES
AB The Hawaiian Islands have one of the most spatially diverse rainfall patterns on earth. Knowledge of these patterns is critical for a variety of resource management issues and, until now, only long-term mean monthly and annual rainfall maps have been available for Hawaii. In this study, month-year rainfall maps from January 1920 to December 2012 were developed for the major Hawaiian Islands. The maps were produced using climatologically aided interpolation (CAI), where the station anomalies were interpolated first, and then combined with the mean maps. A geostatistical method comparison was performed to choose the best interpolation method. The comparison focuses on three kriging algorithms: ordinary kriging (OK), ordinary cokriging (OCK), and kriging with an external drift (KED). Two covariates, elevation and mean rainfall, were tested with OCK and KED. The combinations of methods and covariates were compared using cross-validation statistics, where OK produced the lowest error statistics. Station anomalies for each month were interpolated using OK and combined with the mean monthly maps to produce the final month-year rainfall maps.
C1 [Frazier, Abby G.; Giambelluca, Thomas W.; Needham, Heidi L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geog, Saunders Hall 418, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Diaz, Henry F.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Frazier, AG (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geog, Saunders Hall 418, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM abbyf@hawaii.edu
OI Frazier, Abby/0000-0003-4076-4577; Giambelluca,
Thomas/0000-0002-6798-3780
FU State of Hawai'i Commission on Water Resource Management; U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers, Honolulu District; USGS Pacific Islands Water
Science Center; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA)
Climate Program Office under its Climate Change and Data Detection
program [NA09OAR4310103]; Pacific Islands Climate Change Cooperative
(PICCC) [F10AC00077]
FX The authors thank Dr Matthew McGranaghan and Dr Qi Chen for their
geostatistical advice, and Dr Ryan Longman for his continuous support.
This project was made possible through funding developed under an
agreement between the State of Hawai'i Commission on Water Resource
Management and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Honolulu District,
under Section 22 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1974. This
research was also partially supported by the USGS Pacific Islands Water
Science Center and a grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's (NOAA) Climate Program Office under its Climate Change
and Data Detection program (award number NA09OAR4310103), and by the
Pacific Islands Climate Change Cooperative (PICCC) award F10AC00077.
NR 47
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 36
IS 3
BP 1459
EP 1470
DI 10.1002/joc.4437
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DF7MI
UT WOS:000371541400031
ER
PT J
AU Hu, L
Montzka, SA
Miller, BR
Andrews, AE
Miller, JB
Lehman, SJ
Sweeney, C
Miller, SM
Thoning, K
Siso, C
Atlas, EL
Blake, DR
de Gouw, J
Gilman, JB
Dutton, G
Elkins, JW
Hall, B
Chen, HL
Fischer, ML
Mountain, ME
Nehrkorn, T
Biraud, SC
Moore, FL
Tans, P
AF Hu, Lei
Montzka, Stephen A.
Miller, Ben R.
Andrews, Arlyn E.
Miller, John B.
Lehman, Scott J.
Sweeney, Colm
Miller, Scot M.
Thoning, Kirk
Siso, Carolina
Atlas, Elliot L.
Blake, Donald R.
de Gouw, Joost
Gilman, Jessica B.
Dutton, Geoff
Elkins, James W.
Hall, Bradley
Chen, Huilin
Fischer, Marc L.
Mountain, Marikate E.
Nehrkorn, Thomas
Biraud, Sebastien C.
Moore, Fred L.
Tans, Pieter
TI Continued emissions of carbon tetrachloride from the United States
nearly two decades after its phaseout for dispersive uses
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon tetrachloride; emissions; United States; ozone-depleting
substances; greenhouse gases
ID CONTAINING HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; GAS REFERENCE
NETWORK; INFORMATION CRITERION; EUROPEAN EMISSIONS; MODEL SELECTION;
FLUX ESTIMATION; OCEANIC UPTAKE; TRACE GASES; STILT MODEL
AB National-scale emissions of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) are derived based on inverse modeling of atmospheric observations at multiple sites across the United States from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's flask air sampling network. We estimate an annual average US emission of 4.0 (2.0-6.5) Gg CCl4 y(-1) during 2008-2012, which is almost two orders of magnitude larger than reported to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) (mean of 0.06 Gg y(-1)) but only 8% (3-22%) of global CCl4 emissions during these years. Emissive regions identified by the observations and consistently shown in all inversion results include the Gulf Coast states, the San Francisco Bay Area in California, and the Denver area in Colorado. Both the observation-derived emissions and the US EPA TRI identified Texas and Louisiana as the largest contributors, accounting for one-to two-thirds of the US national total CCl4 emission during 2008-2012. These results are qualitatively consistent with multiple aircraft and ship surveys conducted in earlier years, which suggested significant enhancements in atmospheric mole fractions measured near Houston and surrounding areas. Furthermore, the emission distribution derived for CCl4 throughout the United States is more consistent with the distribution of industrial activities included in the TRI than with the distribution of other potential CCl4 sources such as uncapped landfills or activities related to population density (e.g., use of chlorine-containing bleach).
C1 [Hu, Lei; Miller, Ben R.; Miller, John B.; Sweeney, Colm; Siso, Carolina; de Gouw, Joost; Gilman, Jessica B.; Dutton, Geoff; Chen, Huilin; Moore, Fred L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hu, Lei; Montzka, Stephen A.; Miller, Ben R.; Andrews, Arlyn E.; Miller, John B.; Sweeney, Colm; Thoning, Kirk; Siso, Carolina; Dutton, Geoff; Elkins, James W.; Hall, Bradley; Moore, Fred L.; Tans, Pieter] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lehman, Scott J.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Miller, Scot M.] Stanford Univ, Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Atlas, Elliot L.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Blake, Donald R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Phys Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[de Gouw, Joost; Gilman, Jessica B.] NOAA, Chem Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Chen, Huilin] Univ Groningen, Ctr Isotope Res, Energy & Sustainabil Res Inst Groningen, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands.
[Fischer, Marc L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Energy Technol Area, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Mountain, Marikate E.; Nehrkorn, Thomas] Atmospher & Environm Res, Lexington, MA 02421 USA.
[Biraud, Sebastien C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Area, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Hu, L (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Hu, L; Montzka, SA (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM leihutx@gmail.com; Stephen.A.Montzka@noaa.gov
RI de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Biraud, Sebastien/M-5267-2013; Gilman,
Jessica/E-7751-2010; Chen, Huilin/J-9479-2012; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Biraud,
Sebastien/0000-0001-7697-933X; Gilman, Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948;
Chen, Huilin/0000-0002-1573-6673; Montzka, Stephen/0000-0002-9396-0400;
Nehrkorn, Thomas/0000-0003-0637-3468
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program
Office's AC4 program; California Energy Commission Public Interest
Environmental Research Program Grant [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank J. Daniel, D. Godwin, S. Yvon-Lewis, A. Jacobson, K. Masarie,
L. Bruhwiler, D. Baker, and S. Basu for discussion, R. Draxler and A.
Stein for advice on running Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated
Trajectory (HYSPLIT) simulations, and J. Butler, M. S. Torn, D. Mondeel,
J. Higgs, M. Crotwell, P. Lang, W. Wolter, D. Neff, J. Kofler, I.
Simpson, N. Blake, and others involved with program management,
sampling, analysis, and logistics. We also thank members of the HIAPER
HIPPO team, particularly S. Wofsy, for enabling flask sampling during
that mission and Earth Networks for sample collection at the LEW site.
This study was supported in part by National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) Climate Program Office's AC4 program. Flask
sampling at the tower sites WGC and STR was partially supported by a
California Energy Commission Public Interest Environmental Research
Program Grant to the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under
Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 49
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 19
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 11
BP 2880
EP 2885
DI 10.1073/pnas.1522284113
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DG4BF
UT WOS:000372014200042
PM 26929368
ER
PT J
AU Barton, AD
Irwin, AJ
Finkel, ZV
Stock, CA
AF Barton, Andrew D.
Irwin, Andrew J.
Finkel, Zoe V.
Stock, Charles A.
TI Anthropogenic climate change drives shift and shuffle in North Atlantic
phytoplankton communities
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE phytoplankton; climate change; North Atlantic; diatom; dinoflagellate
ID DISTRIBUTION MODELS; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; OCEAN
ACIDIFICATION; CHANGE IMPACTS; CELL-SIZE; VARIABILITY; ECOSYSTEMS;
21ST-CENTURY; SURFACE
AB Anthropogenic climate change has shifted the biogeography and phenology of many terrestrial and marine species. Marine phytoplankton communities appear sensitive to climate change, yet understanding of how individual species may respond to anthropogenic climate change remains limited. Here, using historical environmental and phytoplankton observations, we characterize the realized ecological niches for 87 North Atlantic diatom and dinoflagellate taxa and project changes in species biogeography between mean historical (1951-2000) and future (2051-2100) ocean conditions. We find that the central positions of the core range of 74% of taxa shift poleward at a median rate of 12.9 kmper decade (km.dec(-1)), and 90% of taxa shift eastward at a median rate of 42.7 km.dec(-1). The poleward shift is faster than previously reported for marine taxa, and the predominance of longitudinal shifts is driven by dynamic changes in multiple environmental drivers, rather than a strictly poleward, temperature-driven redistribution of ocean habitats. A century of climate change significantly shuffles community composition by a basin-wide median value of 16%, compared with seasonal variations of 46%. The North Atlantic phytoplankton community appears poised for marked shift and shuffle, which may have broad effects on food webs and biogeochemical cycles.
C1 [Barton, Andrew D.; Stock, Charles A.] Princeton Univ, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Irwin, Andrew J.] Mt Allison Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Sackville, NB E4L 1A7, Canada.
[Finkel, Zoe V.] Mt Allison Univ, Environm Sci Program, Sackville, NB E4L 1A7, Canada.
RP Barton, AD (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM abarton@princeton.edu
OI Stock, Charles/0000-0001-9549-8013
FU US National Science Foundation; NOAA's Marine Ecosystem Tipping Points
Initiative
FX Earth System Model data were provided by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Laboratory. We thank David Johns of the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for
Ocean Science for providing Continuous Plankton Recorder data. A.D.B.
thanks the US National Science Foundation's International Research
Fellowship Program for support, A.J.I. thanks National Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery program, and
Z.V.F. thanks NSERC Discovery and Canada Research Chairs (CRC) programs.
A.D.B. and C.A.S. were funded in part by NOAA's Marine Ecosystem Tipping
Points Initiative.
NR 67
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 20
U2 69
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 11
BP 2964
EP 2969
DI 10.1073/pnas.1519080113
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DG4BF
UT WOS:000372014200056
PM 26903635
ER
PT J
AU Yin, JF
Zhan, XW
Zheng, YF
Hain, CR
Ek, M
Wen, J
Fang, L
Liu, JC
AF Yin, Jifu
Zhan, Xiwu
Zheng, Youfei
Hain, Christopher R.
Ek, Michael
Wen, Jun
Fang, Li
Liu, Jicheng
TI Improving Noah land surface model performance using near real time
surface albedo and green vegetation fraction
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Green vegetation fraction; Albedo; Noah land surface model; Soil
moisture; Soil temperature; Near real time
ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; SOIL-MOISTURE OBSERVATIONS; MESOSCALE
ETA-MODEL; IN-SITU; COVER DATA; DATA SET; DROUGHT; MODIS;
PARAMETERIZATION; EVAPORATION
AB The current operational Noah land surface model (LSM) uses multi-year climatology of monthly green vegetation fraction (GVF) and the multi-year averages of land surface albedo data for several numerical weather predictions at National Centers for Environmental Predictions of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. However, these static GVF and albedo data can only prescribe the multiannual means and lack the ability to capture near real time (NRT) vegetation status and land surface condition. In this study, the impact of NRT GVF and albedo on Noah LSM (version 3.2) performances are examined against in situ measurements of surface net long wave radiation and net short wave radiation from 7 U.S. Surface Radiation Budget Network stations, and soil temperature and soil moisture from 9 USDA Soil Climate Analysis Network sites. Large differences between the NRT GVF/surface albedo and their climatological averages are found over the global, which have significant influences on Noah LSM simulations. With respect to in situ measurements, the Noah LSM simulation improvements from using the weekly GVF data are 19.3% for surface soil moisture, 9.3% for surface soil temperature. The benefits from the weekly GVF and monthly albedo can reach to 2.7 W m(-2) for surface net long wave radiation and 2.6 W m(-2) for surface net short wave radiation. The results suggest to Noah model developers and users that the NRT GVF and albedo should be used for better model performance. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yin, Jifu; Wen, Jun] Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, Key Lab Land Surface Proc & Climate Change Cold &, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, Peoples R China.
[Yin, Jifu; Zhan, Xiwu; Hain, Christopher R.; Fang, Li; Liu, Jicheng] NOAA, NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Yin, Jifu; Hain, Christopher R.; Fang, Li; Liu, Jicheng] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, CICS, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Zheng, Youfei] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Jiangsu Key Lab Atmospher Environm Monitoring & P, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Ek, Michael] NOAA, NCEP Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Yin, JF (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM jifu.yin@noaa.gov
RI Liu, Jicheng/B-4575-2009; Zhan, Xiwu/F-5487-2010
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41530529]; NOAA JPSS
Proving Ground and Risk Reduction (PGRR) Program; Key Research Program
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-13]
FX This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (41530529), NOAA JPSS Proving Ground and Risk
Reduction (PGRR) Program, Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences (KZZD-EW-13). We would like to thank Gabrielle De Lannoy for
his efforts on quality-controlled SCAN data and Wei Guo for providing
the weekly GVF data. We are also grateful to anonymous reviewers for
helping improve the quality of the manuscript.
NR 63
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
EI 1873-2240
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 218
BP 171
EP 183
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.12.001
PG 13
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DE8RT
UT WOS:000370905100016
ER
PT J
AU Telu, KH
Yan, XJ
Wallace, WE
Stein, SE
Simon-Manso, Y
AF Telu, Kelly H.
Yan, Xinjian
Wallace, William E.
Stein, Stephen E.
Simon-Manso, Yamil
TI Analysis of human plasma metabolites across different liquid
chromatography/mass spectrometry platforms: Cross-platform transferable
chemical signatures
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIAL; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS;
SAMPLE PREPARATION; SMALL-PARTICLE; METABOLOMICS; IDENTIFICATION; SERUM;
SEPARATION; CANCER
AB RationaleThe metabolite profiling of a NIST plasma Standard Reference Material (SRM 1950) on different liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) platforms showed significant differences. Although these findings suggest caution when interpreting metabolomics results, the degree of overlap of both profiles allowed us to use tandem mass spectral libraries of recurrent spectra to evaluate to what extent these results are transferable across platforms and to develop cross-platform chemical signatures.
MethodsNon-targeted global metabolite profiles of SRM 1950 were obtained on different LC/MS platforms using reversed-phase chromatography and different chromatographic scales (conventional HPLC, UHPLC and nanoLC). The data processing and the metabolite differential analysis were carried out using publically available (XCMS), proprietary (Mass Profiler Professional) and in-house software (NIST pipeline).
ResultsRepeatability and intermediate precision showed that the non-targeted SRM 1950 profiling was highly reproducible when working on the same platform (relative standard deviation (RSD) <2%); however, substantial differences were found in the LC/MS patterns originating on different platforms or even using different chromatographic scales (conventional HPLC, UHPLC and nanoLC) on the same platform. A substantial degree of overlap (common molecular features) was also found. A procedure to generate consistent chemical signatures using tandem mass spectral libraries of recurrent spectra is proposed.
ConlusionsDifferent platforms rendered significantly different metabolite profiles, but the results were highly reproducible when working within one platform. Tandem mass spectral libraries of recurrent spectra are proposed to evaluate the degree of transferability of chemical signatures generated on different platforms. Chemical signatures based on our procedure are most likely cross-platform transferable. Published in 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Telu, Kelly H.; Yan, Xinjian; Wallace, William E.; Stein, Stephen E.; Simon-Manso, Yamil] NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Simon-Manso, Y (reprint author), NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ysimon@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 50
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U1 14
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0951-4198
EI 1097-0231
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 5
BP 581
EP 593
DI 10.1002/rcm.7475
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA DD5WU
UT WOS:000369996300004
PM 26842580
ER
PT J
AU Huyang, G
Debertin, AE
Sun, JR
AF Huyang, George
Debertin, Anne E.
Sun, Jirun
TI Design and development of self-healing dental composites
SO MATERIALS & DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE Self-healing; Composite; Dental material; Encapsulation
ID GLASS-IONOMER CEMENTS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SILICA MICROCAPSULES; CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; POLYMER;
RESTORATIONS; PERFORMANCE; RESIN; FLUOROAPATITE
AB The purpose of this project is to design and develop a clinically applicable self-healing dental composite (SHDC). The value of resin-based dental restorations could be improved by increasing their service lives. One way to improve longevity is to obturate micro-cracks that form during or after the composite hardens in the dental cavity. Toward this end, we introduce here a new type of SHDC made with contemporary dental components plus two additional ingredients: a healing powder (HP, strontium fluoroaluminosilicate particles) and a healing liquid (HL, aqueous solutions of polyacrylic acids) that is enclosed within silica microcapsules. As micro-cracks develop, they will break the microcapsules in their propagation path, thereby releasing HL. This liquid will then react with particles of HP exposed by the crack formation, forming an insoluble reaction product that fills and seals the cracks. The key factors to achieve these self-healing of cracks are discussed. The elastic modulus of a SHDC appeared to be satisfactory. The healing process was confirmed by means of mechanical, morphological, and chemical methods. The SHDC restored micro-cracks without external intervention, thereby showing potential for increasing the service lives of dental restorations. Importantly, this SHDC contains only clinically-tested, biocompatible materials, making it readily applicable. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Huyang, George; Debertin, Anne E.; Sun, Jirun] NIST, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Dr Anthony Volpe Res Ctr, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sun, Jirun] 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8546, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sun, JR (reprint author), 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8546, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jsun@nist.gov
OI Sun, Jirun/0000-0002-3383-8956
FU National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research [U01DE023752];
ADA Foundation
FX This work was funded by the National Institute of Dental and
Craniofacial Research (U01DE023752). Financial support was also provided
through the ADA Foundation. The authors would like to thank Dr. Rafael
Bowen, Mr. Anthony Giuseppetti, and Mr. George Quinn for their technical
recommendations. We also would like to thank the Center for Nanoscale
Science and Technology (CNST) at NIST for their technical support.
NR 53
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U1 20
U2 65
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0261-3069
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 94
BP 295
EP 302
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.01.046
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA DD0CZ
UT WOS:000369589200034
PM 26955205
ER
PT J
AU Chen, DS
Lander, GR
Krowpman, KS
Solomon, GS
Flagg, EB
AF Chen, Disheng
Lander, Gary R.
Krowpman, Kyle S.
Solomon, Glenn S.
Flagg, Edward B.
TI Characterization of the local charge environment of a single quantum dot
via resonance fluorescence
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTONS; DEVICE; ENTANGLEMENT
AB We study the photon-statistical behavior of resonance fluorescence from self-assembled InAs quantum dots (QDs) as a function of the density of free charge carriers introduced by an above band-gap laser. Second-order correlation measurements show bunching behavior that changes with above-band laser power and is absent in purely above-band excited emission. Resonant photoluminescence excitation spectra indicate that the QD experiences discrete spectral shifts and continuous drift due to changes in the local charge environment. These spectral changes, combined with the tunneling of charges from the environment to the QD, provide an explanation of the bunching observed in the correlations.
C1 [Chen, Disheng; Lander, Gary R.; Krowpman, Kyle S.; Flagg, Edward B.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Flagg, EB (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM edward.flagg@mail.wvu.edu
FU NSF PFC@JQI; Fulbright Austria-Austrian American Educational Commission
through the Fulbright-University of Innsbruck Visiting Scholar program;
National Science Foundation [DMR-1452840]
FX We would like to acknowledge C. Stephen Hellberg and T. Thomay for
helpful discussions. G.S.S. acknowledges partial support from the NSF
PFC@JQI, and from Fulbright Austria-Austrian American Educational
Commission through the Fulbright-University of Innsbruck Visiting
Scholar program. This work was supported by the National Science
Foundation (DMR-1452840).
NR 36
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U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR 14
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 11
AR 115307
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.115307
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DG9MN
UT WOS:000372407200003
ER
PT J
AU Hallas, AM
Gaudet, J
Butch, NP
Tachibana, M
Freitas, RS
Luke, GM
Wiebe, CR
Gaulin, BD
AF Hallas, A. M.
Gaudet, J.
Butch, N. P.
Tachibana, M.
Freitas, R. S.
Luke, G. M.
Wiebe, C. R.
Gaulin, B. D.
TI Universal dynamic magnetism in Yb pyrochlores with disparate ground
states
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION; YB2TI2O7
AB The ytterbium pyrochlore magnets, Yb2B2O7 (B = Sn, Ti, Ge) are well described by S-eff = 1/2 quantum spins decorating a network of corner-sharing tetrahedra and interacting via anisotropic exchange. Structurally, only the nonmagnetic B-site cation, and hence primarily the lattice parameter, changes across the series. Nonetheless, a range of magnetic behaviors is observed: the low-temperature magnetism in Yb2Ti2O7 and Yb2Sn2O7 has a ferromagnetic character, while Yb2Ge2O7 displays an antiferromagnetically ordered Neel state at low temperatures. While the static properties of the ytterbium pyrochlores are distinct, inelastic neutron scattering measurements reveal a common character to their exotic spin dynamics. All three ytterbium pyrochlores show a gapless continuum of spin excitations, resembling overdamped ferromagnetic spin waves at low Q. Furthermore, the specific heat of the series also follows a common form, with a broad, high-temperature anomaly followed by a sharp low-temperature anomaly at T-C or T-N. The novel spin dynamics we report correlate strongly with the broad specific heat anomaly only, remaining unchanged across the sharp anomaly. This result suggests that the primary order parameter in the ytterbium pyrochlores associated with the sharp anomaly is "hidden" and not simple magnetic dipole order.
C1 [Hallas, A. M.; Gaudet, J.; Luke, G. M.; Wiebe, C. R.; Gaulin, B. D.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Butch, N. P.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, MS 6100, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tachibana, M.] Natl Inst Mat Sci, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050044, Japan.
[Freitas, R. S.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
[Luke, G. M.; Wiebe, C. R.; Gaulin, B. D.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, 180 Dundas St West, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z7, Canada.
[Wiebe, C. R.] Univ Winnipeg, Dept Chem, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada.
[Gaulin, B. D.] Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
RP Gaulin, BD (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.; Gaulin, BD (reprint author), Canadian Inst Adv Res, 180 Dundas St West, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z7, Canada.; Gaulin, BD (reprint author), Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
EM alannah.hallas@gmail.com; gaulin@physics.mcmaster.ca
RI Freitas, Rafael/K-1034-2013; Luke, Graeme/A-9094-2010; TACHIBANA,
Makoto/H-2794-2011;
OI Freitas, Rafael/0000-0002-0225-6195
FU Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship Program; National Institute for
Materials Science (NIMS) through the NIMS Internship Program; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation
for Innovation; Canada Research Chairs Program (Tier II); National
Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]; CNPq [400278/20120]
FX We acknowledge useful conversations with M. J. P. Gingras and L.
Balents. We thank H. D. Zhou, K. A. Ross, and E. Kermarrec for making
their data available for this work. A.M.H. acknowledges support from the
Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship Program and thanks the National
Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) for their hospitality and support
through the NIMS Internship Program. This work was supported by the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the
Canada Foundation for Innovation. C.R.W. acknowledges support through
the Canada Research Chairs Program (Tier II). Work at the NIST Center
for Neutron Research was supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. R.S.F. acknowledges support
from CNPq (Grant No. 400278/20120).
NR 32
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U2 18
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR 14
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 10
AR 100403
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.100403
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DG9LL
UT WOS:000372404400001
ER
PT J
AU Levin, I
Krayzman, V
Woicik, JC
Bridges, F
Sterbinsky, GE
Usher, TM
Jones, JL
Torrejon, D
AF Levin, I.
Krayzman, V.
Woicik, J. C.
Bridges, F.
Sterbinsky, G. E.
Usher, T-M.
Jones, J. L.
Torrejon, D.
TI Local structure in BaTiO3-BiScO3 dipole glasses
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID-SOLUTIONS; PEROVSKITE; POLARIZATION; DIELECTRICS; CERAMICS;
RELAXOR
AB Local structures in cubic perovskite-type (Ba0.6Bi0.4)(Ti0.6Sc0.4)O-3 solid solutions that exhibit reentrant dipole glass behavior have been studied with variable-temperature x-ray/neutron total scattering, extended x-ray absorption fine structure, and electron diffraction methods. Simultaneous fitting of these data using a reverse Monte Carlo algorithm provided instantaneous atomic configurations, which have been used to extract local displacements of the constituent species. The smaller Bi and Ti atoms exhibit probability density distributions that consist of 14 and 8 split sites, respectively. In contrast, Ba and Sc feature single-site distributions. The multisite distributions arise from large and strongly anisotropic off-center displacements of Bi and Ti. The cation displacements are correlated over a short range, with a correlation length limited by chemical disorder. The magnitudes of these displacements and their anisotropy, which are largely determined by local chemistry, change relatively insignificantly on cooling from room temperature. The structure features a nonrandom distribution of local polarization with low-dimensional polar clusters that are several unit cells in size. In situ measurements of atomic pair-distribution function under applied electric field were used to study field-induced changes in the local structure; however, no significant effects besides lattice expansion in the direction of the field could be observed up to electric-field values of 4 kVmm(-1).
C1 [Levin, I.; Krayzman, V.; Woicik, J. C.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bridges, F.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Sterbinsky, G. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Usher, T-M.; Jones, J. L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Torrejon, D.] George Mason Univ, Dept Math Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Levin, I (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM igor.levin@nist.gov
OI Usher, Tedi-Marie/0000-0001-8265-5972
FU Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences; DOE
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]; SSRL [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]; APS [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Science
Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1356109]
FX This work benefited from the use of the Lujan Center at Los Alamos
Neutron Science Center, while it was funded by the Department of Energy
(DOE), Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory
is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract No.
DE-AC52-06NA25396. Portions of this research were carried out at the (i)
SSRL Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515, a directorate of the stanford
linear accelerator center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory and an
Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, by Stanford University, (ii) National
Synchrotron Light Source (NIST beamline X23A2), Brookhaven National
Laboratory, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886, and (iii) APS Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357
(beamline 11-ID-B). The authors are grateful to J. Siewenie (Oak Ridge
National Laboratory) and E. Nelson (SSRL) for their technical assistance
with the neutron scattering and x-ray absorption measurements,
respectively, and to K. Beyer (APS) for his help with the x-ray PDF
measurements. The work of D.T. has been supported by the National
Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No.
DGE-1356109.
NR 37
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U1 15
U2 32
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR 14
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 10
AR 104106
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.104106
PG 12
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DG9LL
UT WOS:000372404400003
ER
PT J
AU Wagman, JJ
Carlo, JP
Gaudet, J
Van Gastel, G
Abernathy, DL
Stone, MB
Granroth, GE
Kolesnikov, AI
Savici, AT
Kim, YJ
Zhang, H
Ellis, D
Zhao, Y
Clark, L
Kallin, AB
Mazurek, E
Dabkowska, HA
Gaulin, BD
AF Wagman, J. J.
Carlo, J. P.
Gaudet, J.
Van Gastel, G.
Abernathy, D. L.
Stone, M. B.
Granroth, G. E.
Kolesnikov, A. I.
Savici, A. T.
Kim, Y. J.
Zhang, H.
Ellis, D.
Zhao, Y.
Clark, L.
Kallin, A. B.
Mazurek, E.
Dabkowska, H. A.
Gaulin, B. D.
TI Neutron scattering studies of spin-phonon hybridization and
superconducting spin gaps in the high-temperature superconductor
La2-x(Sr, Ba)(x)CuO4
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID LA2-XSRXCUO4; LA2CUO4; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; FLUCTUATIONS; EXCITATIONS;
TRANSITION; PURE
AB We present time-of-flight neutron scattering measurements on single crystals of La2-xBaxCuO4 (LBCO) with 0 <= x <= 0.095 and La2-xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) with x = 0.08 and 0.11. This range of dopings spans much of the phase diagram relevant to high-temperature cuprate superconductivity, ranging from insulating, three-dimensional commensurate long-range antiferromagnetic order, for x <= 0.02, to two-dimensional (2D) incommensurate antiferromagnetism coexisting with superconductivity for x >= 0.05. Previous work on lightly doped LBCO with x = 0.035 showed a clear enhancement of the inelastic scattering coincident with the low-energy crossings of the highly dispersive spin excitations and quasi-2D optic phonons. The present work extends these measurements across the phase diagram and shows this enhancement to be a common feature to this family of layered quantum magnets. Furthermore, we show that the low-temperature, low-energy magnetic spectral weight is substantially larger for samples with nonsuperconducting ground states relative to any of the samples with superconducting ground states. Spin gaps, suppression of low-energy magnetic spectral weight as a function of decreasing temperature, are observed in both superconducting LBCO and LSCO samples, consistent with previous observations for superconducting LSCO.
C1 [Wagman, J. J.; Carlo, J. P.; Gaudet, J.; Van Gastel, G.; Clark, L.; Kallin, A. B.; Mazurek, E.; Gaulin, B. D.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Carlo, J. P.] Villanova Univ, Dept Phys, Villanova, PA 19085 USA.
[Abernathy, D. L.; Stone, M. B.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Granroth, G. E.; Savici, A. T.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Data Anal & Visualizat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kolesnikov, A. I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kim, Y. J.; Zhang, H.; Ellis, D.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
[Zhao, Y.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhao, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Dabkowska, H. A.; Gaulin, B. D.] McMaster Univ, Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Gaulin, B. D.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, 180 Dundas St West, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
RP Wagman, JJ (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
RI Granroth, Garrett/G-3576-2012; Stone, Matthew/G-3275-2011; Abernathy,
Douglas/A-3038-2012; BL18, ARCS/A-3000-2012;
OI Granroth, Garrett/0000-0002-7583-8778; Stone,
Matthew/0000-0001-7884-9715; Abernathy, Douglas/0000-0002-3533-003X;
Clark, Lucy/0000-0002-6223-3622
FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada
FX We would like to acknowledge useful conversations had with N.
Christensen, E. Taylor, J. P. Carbotte, T. Timusk, J. Tranquada, I.
Zaliznyak, and D. Fobes. We would also like to acknowledge T. E.
Sherline and L. DeBeer Schmidt for technical assistance with the
measurements on SEQUOIA, J. Niedziela and D. Maharaj for technical
assistance with the ARCS measurements, and E. McNeice for assistance
with sample growth. Research using ORNL's Spallation Neutron Source was
sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. Work at McMaster was funded
by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.
NR 57
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U1 3
U2 12
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD MAR 14
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 9
AR 094416
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.094416
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DG9KA
UT WOS:000372400100005
ER
PT J
AU Forry, SP
Madonna, MC
Lopez-Perez, D
Lin, NJ
Pasco, MD
AF Forry, Samuel P.
Madonna, Megan C.
Lopez-Perez, Daneli
Lin, Nancy J.
Pasco, Madeleine D.
TI Automation of antimicrobial activity screening
SO AMB EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
DE Antimicrobial activity screening; Automation; Performance assessment
ID ORAL MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; TOTAL LABORATORY AUTOMATION; TUMOR-CELL-LINES;
STREPTOCOCCUS-MUTANS; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; DENTAL PLAQUE; BIOFILM;
COMMUNITIES; SUSCEPTIBILITY; IMMUNOLOGY
AB Manual and automated methods were compared for routine screening of compounds for antimicrobial activity. Automation generally accelerated assays and required less user intervention while producing comparable results. Automated protocols were validated for planktonic, biofilm, and agar cultures of the oral microbe Streptococcus mutans that is commonly associated with tooth decay. Toxicity assays for the known antimicrobial compound cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) were validated against planktonic, biofilm forming, and 24 h biofilm culture conditions, and several commonly reported toxicity/antimicrobial activity measures were evaluated: the 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC50), the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Using automated methods, three halide salts of cetylpyridinium (CPC, CPB, CPI) were rapidly screened with no detectable effect of the counter ion on antimicrobial activity.
C1 [Forry, Samuel P.; Madonna, Megan C.; Lopez-Perez, Daneli; Lin, Nancy J.; Pasco, Madeleine D.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lopez-Perez, Daneli] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
RP Forry, SP (reprint author), NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sam.forry@nist.gov
FU NRC; NIST SURF program
FX The NIST SURF program provided support for MCM. DLP was supported
through an NRC Postdoctoral Fellowship.
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 14
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 2191-0855
J9 AMB EXPRESS
JI AMB Express
PD MAR 12
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 20
DI 10.1186/s13568-016-0191-2
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA DG3IH
UT WOS:000371962200001
PM 26970766
ER
PT J
AU Han, Z
Wu, YH
Lightstone, S
Gross, B
AF Han, Zaw
Wu, Yonghua
Lightstone, Sam
Gross, Barry
TI Observation of aerosol-cloud interaction over New York City using
synergetic ground-based remote sensing systems
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE aerosol; extinction; cloud optical depth; cloud droplet effective
radius; integrated liquid water path; aerosol indirect effect
ID LIQUID WATER PATH; MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; SATELLITE DATA; RETRIEVAL;
EXTINCTION; PROFILES; DROPLETS; SENSORS; ALBEDO; LIDAR
AB Using UV Raman Lidar for aerosol extinction (alpha(ext)), and combining microwave radiometer-derived liquid water path (LWP) with multifilter rotating shadowband radiometer-derived cloud optical depth (tau(cod)) to retrieve cloud droplet effective radius (R-eff), we observe clear signatures of the Twomey aerosol indirect effect (IE) under certain specialized conditions. The aerosol-cloud index (ACI) or IE slope relating cloud droplet radius to aerosol loading is calculated and shown to be quantitatively consistent with theoretical constraints. To demonstrate consistency, we use both a neural network multiband (default) approach and a dual-channel (DC) approach for the LWP and observe that the DC approach is generally more robust with more successful retrievals leading to a reduction of error in our regression analysis. We also perform an uncertainty analysis of the IE regression slope taking into account the major sources of error in cloud property retrieval and demonstrate that only sufficiently high values of the IE slope should be observable. Finally, based on the results of multiple cases, we observe the importance of vertical wind uptake on the IE signature. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
C1 [Han, Zaw; Wu, Yonghua; Lightstone, Sam; Gross, Barry] CUNY City Coll, NOAA CREST, Dept Elect Engn, 138th St & Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Han, Zaw; Wu, Yonghua; Lightstone, Sam; Gross, Barry] CUNY City Coll, Opt Remote Sensing Lab, 138th St & Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Han, Z (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, NOAA CREST, Dept Elect Engn, 138th St & Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA.; Han, Z (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Opt Remote Sensing Lab, 138th St & Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA.
EM zhan@ccny.cuny.edu
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-Cooperative Remote
Sensing Science and Technology Center (NOAA-CREST) [49173-00-03]
FX This work was supported in part by National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration-Cooperative Remote Sensing Science and Technology Center
(NOAA-CREST) Grant No. 49173-00-03.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1931-3195
J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS
JI J. Appl. Remote Sens.
PD MAR 11
PY 2016
VL 10
AR 016023
DI 10.1117/1.JRS.10.016023
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DJ4OA
UT WOS:000374184500001
ER
PT J
AU Qiu, S
Shao, X
Cao, CY
Uprety, S
AF Qiu, Shi
Shao, Xi
Cao, Changyong
Uprety, Sirish
TI Feasibility demonstration for calibrating Suomi-National Polar-Orbiting
Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite day/night band
using Dome C and Greenland under moon light
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Suomi-National Polar-Orbiting Partnership/Visible Infrared Imaging
Radiometer Suite day/night band; day/night band calibration; night time
vicarious calibration; lunar calibration; lunar irradiance; Dome C;
Greenland
ID SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE; SATELLITE
AB The day/night band (DNB) of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi-NPP) represents a major advancement in night time imaging capabilities. DNB covers almost seven orders of magnitude in its dynamic range from full sunlight to half-moon. To achieve this large dynamic range, it uses four charge-coupled device arrays in three gain stages. The low gain stage (LGS) gain is calibrated using the solar diffuser. In operations, the medium and high gain stage values are determined by multiplying the gain ratios between the medium gain stage, and LGS, and high gain stage (HGS) and LGS, respectively. This paper focuses on independently verifying the radiometric accuracy and stability of DNB HGS using DNB observations of ground vicarious calibration sites under lunar illumination at night. Dome C in Antarctica in the southern hemisphere and Greenland in the northern hemisphere are chosen as the vicarious calibration sites. Nadir observations of these high latitude regions by VIIRS are selected during perpetual night season, i. e., from April to August for Dome C and from November to January for Greenland over the years 2012 to 2013. Additional selection criteria, such as lunar phase being more than half-moon and no influence of straylight effects, are also applied in data selection. The lunar spectral irradiance model, as a function of Sun-Earth-Moon distances and lunar phase, is used to determine the top-of-atmosphere reflectance at the vicarious site. The vicariously derived long-term reflectance from DNB observations agrees with the reflectance derived from Hyperion observations. The vicarious trending of DNB radiometric performance using DOME-C and Greenland under moon light shows that the DNB HGS radiometric variability (relative accuracy to lunar irradiance model and Hyperion observation) is within 8%. Residual variability is also discussed. (C) 2016 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
C1 [Qiu, Shi; Shao, Xi] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cao, Changyong] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Uprety, Sirish] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Qiu, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM sqiu1@umd.edu
RI Shao, Xi/H-9452-2016; Cao, Changyong/F-5578-2010
FU Joint Polar Satellite System program
FX The authors would like to thank Ms. Yan Bai for the assistance with data
acquisition. We also thank Dr. S. Miller for making his lunar irradiance
model publicly available. This study was partially funded by the Joint
Polar Satellite System program. The manuscript contents are solely the
opinions of the authors and do not constitute a statement of policy,
decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or the U.S. government.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1931-3195
J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS
JI J. Appl. Remote Sens.
PD MAR 11
PY 2016
VL 10
AR 016024
DI 10.1117/1.JRS.10.016024
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DJ4OA
UT WOS:000374184500002
ER
PT J
AU Li, K
Arif, M
Cory, DG
Haun, R
Heacock, B
Huber, MG
Nsofini, J
Pushin, DA
Saggu, P
Sarenac, D
Shahi, CB
Skavysh, V
Snow, WM
Young, AR
AF Li, K.
Arif, M.
Cory, D. G.
Haun, R.
Heacock, B.
Huber, M. G.
Nsofini, J.
Pushin, D. A.
Saggu, P.
Sarenac, D.
Shahi, C. B.
Skavysh, V.
Snow, W. M.
Young, A. R.
CA INDEX Collaboration
TI Neutron limit on the strongly-coupled chameleon field
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID DARK-ENERGY; CONSTRAINTS; SUPERNOVAE
AB The physical origin of the dark energy that causes the accelerated expansion rate of the Universe is one of the major open questions of cosmology. One set of theories postulates the existence of a self-interacting scalar field for dark energy coupling to matter. In the chameleon dark energy theory, this coupling induces a screening mechanism such that the field amplitude is nonzero in empty space but is greatly suppressed in regions of terrestrial matter density. However measurements performed under appropriate vacuum conditions can enable the chameleon field to appear in the apparatus, where it can be subjected to laboratory experiments. Here we report the most stringent upper bound on the free neutron-chameleon coupling in the strongly coupled limit of the chameleon theory using neutron interferometric techniques. Our experiment sought the chameleon field through the relative phase shift it would induce along one of the neutron paths inside a perfect crystal neutron interferometer. The amplitude of the chameleon field was actively modulated by varying the millibar pressures inside a dual-chamber aluminum cell. We report a 95% confidence level upper bound on the neutron-chameleon coupling beta ranging from beta < 4.7 x 10(6) for a Ratra-Peebles index of n = 1 in the nonlinear scalar field potential to beta < 2.4 x 10(7) for n = 6, one order of magnitude more sensitive than the most recent free neutron limit for intermediate n. Similar experiments can explore the full parameter range for chameleon dark energy in the foreseeable future.
C1 [Li, K.; Snow, W. M.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
[Li, K.; Snow, W. M.] Indiana Univ, Ctr Explorat Energy & Matter, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
[Arif, M.; Huber, M. G.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Cory, D. G.; Saggu, P.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Cory, D. G.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada.
[Cory, D. G.; Pushin, D. A.; Sarenac, D.] Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Cory, D. G.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
[Haun, R.; Shahi, C. B.] Tulane Univ, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
[Heacock, B.; Skavysh, V.; Young, A. R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Heacock, B.; Young, A. R.] Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Nsofini, J.; Pushin, D. A.; Sarenac, D.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
RP Snow, WM (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.; Snow, WM (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Ctr Explorat Energy & Matter, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.; Huber, MG (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Pushin, DA (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.; Young, AR (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.; Young, AR (reprint author), Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA.; Pushin, DA (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
EM michael.huber@nist.gov; dpushin@uwaterloo.ca; wsnow@indiana.edu;
aryoung@ncsu.edu
OI Pushin, Dmitry/0000-0002-4594-3403; Nsofini, Joachim/0000-0003-0861-478X
FU NSF [NSF PHY-1205342, PHY-1068712, PHY-1307426]; DOE
[DE-FG02-97ER41042]; NSERC CREATE program; CERC; NIST Quantum
Information Program; Indiana University Center for Spacetime Symmetries;
Indiana University Faculty Research Support Program; NSERC DISCOVERY
program
FX We acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron
facilities used in this work. This work was supported by NSF Grants No.
NSF PHY-1205342, No. PHY-1068712, and No. PHY-1307426 and DOE Award No.
DE-FG02-97ER41042. Financial support provided by the NSERC CREATE and
DISCOVERY programs, CERC, and the NIST Quantum Information Program are
gratefully acknowledged. K. L. and W. S. acknowledge the support of the
Indiana University Center for Spacetime Symmetries and the Indiana
University Faculty Research Support Program.
NR 35
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD MAR 11
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 6
AR 062001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.93.062001
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA DG3JC
UT WOS:000371964400003
ER
PT J
AU Gao, RS
Gierczak, T
Thornberry, TD
Rollins, AW
Burkholder, JB
Telg, H
Voigt, C
Peter, T
Fahey, DW
AF Gao, Ru-Shan
Gierczak, Tomasz
Thornberry, Troy D.
Rollins, Andrew W.
Burkholder, James B.
Telg, Hagen
Voigt, Christiane
Peter, Thomas
Fahey, David W.
TI Persistent Water-Nitric Acid Condensate with Saturation Water Vapor
Pressure Greater than That of Hexagonal Ice
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID POLAR STRATOSPHERIC CLOUDS; REACTIVE NITROGEN; CONTAINING PARTICLES;
CONTRAIL FORMATION; UPPER TROPOSPHERE; TRIHYDRATE NAT; H2O; AEROSOL;
HNO3
AB A laboratory chilled mirror hygrometer (CMH), exposed to an airstream containing water vapor (H2O) and nitric acid (HNO3), has been used to demonstrate the existence of a persistent water nitric acid condensate that has a saturation H2O vapor pressure greater than that of hexagonal ice (I-h). The condensate was routinely formed on the mirror by removing HNO3 from the airstream following the formation of an initial condensate on the mirror that resembled nitric acid trihydrate (NAT). Typical conditions for the formation of the persistent condensate were a H2O mixing ratio greater than 18 ppm, pressure of 128 hPa, and mirror temperature between 202 and 216 K. In steady-state operation, a CMH maintains a condensate of constant optical diffusivity on a mirror through control of only the mirror temperature. Maintaining the persistent condensate on the mirror required that the mirror temperature be below the H2O saturation temperature with respect to I-h by as much as 3 K, corresponding to up to 63% H2O supersaturation with respect to I-h. The condensate was observed to persist in steady state for up to 16 h. Compositional analysis of the condensate confirmed the co-condensation of H2O and HNO3 and thereby strongly supports the conclusion that the I-h supersaturation is due to residual HNO3 in the condensate. Although the exact structure or stoichiometry of the condensate could not be determined, other known stable phases of HNO3 and H2O are excluded as possible condensates. This persistent condensate, if it also forms in the upper tropical troposphere, might explain some of the high I-h supersaturation in cirrus and contrails that have been reported in the tropical tropopause region.
C1 [Gao, Ru-Shan; Thornberry, Troy D.; Rollins, Andrew W.; Burkholder, James B.; Telg, Hagen; Fahey, David W.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Gierczak, Tomasz; Thornberry, Troy D.; Rollins, Andrew W.; Telg, Hagen; Fahey, David W.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Gierczak, Tomasz] Univ Warsaw, Dept Chem, Warsaw, Poland.
[Voigt, Christiane] Deutsches Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, Inst Phys Atmosphare, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
[Peter, Thomas] ETH, Lab Atmospharenphys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Gao, RS (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM rushan.gao@noaa.gov
RI Rollins, Andrew/G-7214-2012; Fahey, David/G-4499-2013; Voigt,
Christiane/G-3279-2010; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Fahey, David/0000-0003-1720-0634; Telg, Hagen/0000-0002-4911-2703
FU NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle, and Climate Program; NASA
Radiation Sciences Program; NASA Upper Atmosphere Research Program
FX This work was supported by the NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle,
and Climate Program, the NASA Radiation Sciences Program, and the NASA
Upper Atmosphere Research Program. We thank H. Vomel for providing the
CFHs for the experiments. We thank B. Karcher, V. F. McNeill, and D. M.
Murphy for insightful discussions.
NR 37
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD MAR 10
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 9
BP 1431
EP 1440
DI 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b06357
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DG4KX
UT WOS:000372042200011
PM 26447682
ER
PT J
AU Nault, BA
Garland, C
Wooldridge, PJ
Brune, WH
Campuzano-Jost, P
Crounse, JD
Day, DA
Dibb, J
Hall, SR
Huey, LG
Jimenez, JL
Liu, XX
Mao, JQ
Mikoviny, T
Peischl, J
Pollack, IB
Ren, XR
Ryerson, TB
Scheuer, E
Ullmann, K
Wennberg, PO
Wisthaler, A
Zhang, L
Cohen, RC
AF Nault, Benjamin. A.
Garland, Charity
Wooldridge, Paul J.
Brune, William H.
Campuzano-Jost, Pedro
Crounse, John D.
Day, Douglas A.
Dibb, Jack
Hall, Samuel R.
Huey, L. Gregory
Jimenez, Jose L.
Liu, Xiaoxi
Mao, Jingqiu
Mikoviny, Tomas
Peischl, Jeff
Pollack, Ilana B.
Ren, Xinrong
Ryerson, Thomas B.
Scheuer, Eric
Ullmann, Kirk
Wennberg, Paul O.
Wisthaler, Armin
Zhang, Li
Cohen, Ronald C.
TI Observational Constraints on the Oxidation of NOx in the Upper
Troposphere
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCED FLUORESCENCE INSTRUMENT; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GAS-PHASE
REACTIONS; IN-SITU DETECTION; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; DIODE-LASER; AIRCRAFT
OBSERVATIONS; HNO3-FORMING CHANNEL; TROPICAL TROPOSPHERE; NITRATE
FORMATION
AB NOx (NxO NO + NO2) regulates O-3 and HOx (HOx OH + HO2) concentrations in the upper troposphere. In the laboratory, it is difficult to measure rates and branching ratios of the chemical reactions affecting NOx at the low temperatures and pressures characteristic of the upper troposphere, making direct measurements in the atmosphere especially useful. We report quasi-Lagrangian observations of the chemical evolution of an air parcel following a lightning event that results in high NOx concentrations. These quasi-Lagrangian measurements obtained during the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry experiment are used to characterize the daytime rates for conversion of NOx to different peroxy nitrates, the sum of alkyl and multifunctional nitrates, and HNO3. We infer the following production rate constants [in (cm(3)/molecule)/s] at 225 K and 230 hPa: 7.2(+/- 5.7) X 10(-12) (CH3O2NO2), 5.1(+/- 3.1) X 10(-13) (HO2NO2), 1.3(+/- 0.8) X 10(-11) (PAN), 7.3(+/- 3.4) X 10(-12) (PPN), and 6.2(+/- 2.9) X 10(-12) (HNO3). The HNO3 and HO2NO2 rates are similar to 30-50% lower than currently recommended whereas the other rates are consistent with current recommendations to within +/- 30%. The analysis indicates that HNO3 production from the HO2 and NO reaction (if any) must be accompanied by a slower rate for the reaction of OH with NO2, keeping the total combined rate for the two processes at the rate reported for HNO3 production above.
C1 [Nault, Benjamin. A.; Cohen, Ronald C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA.
[Garland, Charity; Wooldridge, Paul J.; Cohen, Ronald C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA.
[Brune, William H.; Zhang, Li] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Campuzano-Jost, Pedro; Day, Douglas A.; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Campuzano-Jost, Pedro; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Crounse, John D.; Wennberg, Paul O.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Wennberg, Paul O.] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Dibb, Jack; Scheuer, Eric] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Hall, Samuel R.; Ullmann, Kirk] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Huey, L. Gregory; Liu, Xiaoxi] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Mao, Jingqiu] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Mikoviny, Tomas] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Peischl, Jeff; Pollack, Ilana B.; Ryerson, Thomas B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ren, Xinrong] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Wisthaler, Armin] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ion Phys & Appl Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Pollack, Ilana B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Cohen, RC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA.; Cohen, RC (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA.
EM rccohen@berkeley.edu
RI Mao, Jingqiu/F-2511-2010; Crounse, John/C-3700-2014; Peischl,
Jeff/E-7454-2010; Pollack, Ilana/F-9875-2012; Cohen, Ronald/A-8842-2011;
Ren, Xinrong/E-7838-2015; Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Mao, Jingqiu/0000-0002-4774-9751; Crounse, John/0000-0001-5443-729X;
Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101; Cohen, Ronald/0000-0001-6617-7691;
Ren, Xinrong/0000-0001-9974-1666; Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847;
FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE 1106400];
NASA [NNX12AB79G, NNX12AC06G, NNX14AP46G, NNX12AC03G, NNX15A-H33A,
NNX12AB80G]
FX BAN was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research
Fellowship under grant no. DGE 1106400. BAN, CG, PWJ, and RCC
acknowledge funding support from NASA (NNX12AB79G). PTR-MS measurements
aboard the NASA DC-8 were supported by the Austrian Federal Ministry for
Transport, Innovation and Technology (bmvit) through the Austrian Space
Applications Programme (ASAP) of the Austrian Research Promotion Agency
(FFG). TM was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral
Program at the Langley Research Center, administered by Oak Ridge
Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. JDC and POW
acknowledge funding support from NASA (NNX12AC06G and NNX14AP46G). PCJ
and JLJ acknowledge funding form NASA (NNX12AC03G and NNX15A-H33A). JD
and ES acknowledge funding from NASA (NNX12AB80G). BAN would like to
thank Joshua L. Laughner in his assistance in setting up and running the
GEOS-Chem model. The authors also want to thank the ground and flight
crews of the DC-8 and the DC3 science team. Finally, the authors want to
thank Donald Blake for the use of the whole air sampler measurements,
Glenn Diskin for the use of the CH4 observations, and the
reviewers for their constructive and thoughtful comments.
NR 63
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 36
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD MAR 10
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 9
BP 1468
EP 1478
DI 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b07824
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DG4KX
UT WOS:000372042200015
PM 26575342
ER
PT J
AU Tian, HQ
Lu, CQ
Ciais, P
Michalak, AM
Canadell, JG
Saikawa, E
Huntzinger, DN
Gurney, KR
Sitch, S
Zhang, BW
Yang, J
Bousquet, P
Bruhwiler, L
Chen, GS
Dlugokencky, E
Friedlingstein, P
Melillo, J
Pan, SF
Poulter, B
Prinn, R
Saunois, M
Schwalm, CR
Wofsy, SC
AF Tian, Hanqin
Lu, Chaoqun
Ciais, Philippe
Michalak, Anna M.
Canadell, Josep G.
Saikawa, Eri
Huntzinger, Deborah N.
Gurney, Kevin R.
Sitch, Stephen
Zhang, Bowen
Yang, Jia
Bousquet, Philippe
Bruhwiler, Lori
Chen, Guangsheng
Dlugokencky, Edward
Friedlingstein, Pierre
Melillo, Jerry
Pan, Shufen
Poulter, Benjamin
Prinn, Ronald
Saunois, Marielle
Schwalm, Christopher R.
Wofsy, Steven C.
TI The terrestrial biosphere as a net source of greenhouse gases to the
atmosphere
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-NITROGEN INTERACTIONS; LAND-USE; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES; CLIMATE
EXTREMES; OXIDE EMISSIONS; METHANE; BUDGET; CO2; MODEL; ECOSYSTEMS
AB The terrestrial biosphere can release or absorb the greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), and therefore has an important role in regulating atmospheric composition and climate1. Anthropogenic activities such as land-use change, agriculture and waste management have altered terrestrial biogenic greenhouse gas fluxes, and the resulting increases in methane and nitrous oxide emissions in particular can contribute to climate change(2,3). The terrestrial biogenic fluxes of individual greenhouse gases have been studied extensively(4-6), but the net biogenic greenhouse gas balance resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate system remains uncertain. Here we use bottom-up (inventory, statistical extrapolation of local flux measurements, and process-based modelling) and top-down (atmospheric inversions) approaches to quantify the global net biogenic greenhouse gas balance between 1981 and 2010 resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate system. We find that the cumulative warming capacity of concurrent biogenic methane and nitrous oxide emissions is a factor of about two larger than the cooling effect resulting from the global land carbon dioxide uptake from 2001 to 2010. This results in a net positive cumulative impact of the three greenhouse gases on the planetary energy budget, with a best estimate (in petagrams of CO2 equivalent per year) of 3.9 +/- 3.8 (top down) and 5.4 +/- 4.8 (bottom up) based on the GWP100 metric (global warming potential on a 100-year time horizon). Our findings suggest that a reduction in agricultural methane and nitrous oxide emissions, particularly in Southern Asia, may help mitigate climate change.
C1 [Tian, Hanqin; Lu, Chaoqun; Zhang, Bowen; Yang, Jia; Pan, Shufen] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Int Ctr Climate & Global Change Res, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Lu, Chaoqun] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Ciais, Philippe; Bousquet, Philippe; Saunois, Marielle] Lab Sci Climat & Environm, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Michalak, Anna M.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Canadell, Josep G.] CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere Res, Global Carbon Project, GPO Box 3023, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Saikawa, Eri] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Huntzinger, Deborah N.; Schwalm, Christopher R.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Gurney, Kevin R.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Sitch, Stephen] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England.
[Bruhwiler, Lori; Dlugokencky, Edward] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Chen, Guangsheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Friedlingstein, Pierre] Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter EX4 4QF, Devon, England.
[Melillo, Jerry] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Poulter, Benjamin] Montana State Univ, Inst Ecosyst, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Poulter, Benjamin] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Prinn, Ronald] MIT, Ctr Global Change Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Schwalm, Christopher R.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA.
[Wofsy, Steven C.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 29 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Tian, HQ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Int Ctr Climate & Global Change Res, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM tianhan@auburn.edu
RI Canadell, Josep/E-9419-2010; Friedlingstein, Pierre/H-2700-2014; Yang,
Jia/A-6483-2012;
OI Canadell, Josep/0000-0002-8788-3218; Yang, Jia/0000-0003-2019-9603;
Zhang, Bowen/0000-0002-8370-0509
FU NASA [NNX08AL73G, NNX14AO73G, NNX10AU06G, NNX11AD47G, NNG04GM39C,
NNX12AP74G, NNX10AG01A, NNX11AO08A]; NSF [AGS 1243232, AGS-1243220,
CNH1210360]; Australian Climate Change Science Program; NOAA Climate
Program Office [NA13OAR4310059]; NSF CAREER [AGS-0846358]; NASA Upper
Atmosphere Research Program AGAGE grant [NNX11AF17G]
FX This research was supported partially by NASA grants (NNX08AL73G,
NNX14AO73G, NNX10AU06G, NNX11AD47G, NNG04GM39C) and NSF grants (AGS
1243232, AGS-1243220, CNH1210360). J. G. C. was supported by the
Australian Climate Change Science Program. E. S. was supported by the
NOAA Climate Program Office (award NA13OAR4310059). C. R. S. was
supported by NASA grants (NNX12AP74G, NNX10AG01A, NNX11AO08A). K. R. G.
was supported by NSF CAREER (AGS-0846358). R. G. P. was supported by a
NASA Upper Atmosphere Research Program AGAGE grant (NNX11AF17G to MIT).
This study contributes to the Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases
Synthesis of NACP (North American Carbon Program), and the Global Carbon
Project (a joint project of IGBP, IHDP, WCRP and Diversitas).
NR 77
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 78
U2 193
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD MAR 10
PY 2016
VL 531
IS 7593
BP 225
EP +
DI 10.1038/nature16946
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DF9EZ
UT WOS:000371665100039
PM 26961656
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, JY
McMorrow, J
Crespo-Otero, R
Ao, GY
Zheng, M
Gillin, WP
Palma, M
AF Zhu, Jingyuan
McMorrow, Joseph
Crespo-Otero, Rachel
Ao, Geyou
Zheng, Ming
Gillin, William P.
Palma, Matteo
TI Solution-Processable Carbon Nanoelectrodes for Single-Molecule
Investigations
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC DEVICES; CHARGE-TRANSPORT;
JUNCTIONS; NANOTUBES; CONDUCTANCE; TRANSISTORS; DEPENDENCE; SEPARATION
AB Here we present a solution-based assembly method for producing molecular transport junctions employing metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes as nanoelectrodes. The molecular junction conductance of a series of oligophenyls was successfully measured, highlighting the potential of an all-carbon based approach for the fabrication of solution-processable single-molecule junctions for molecular electronics.
C1 [Zhu, Jingyuan; McMorrow, Joseph; Crespo-Otero, Rachel; Palma, Matteo] Queen Mary Univ London, Inst Bioengn, Mat Res Inst, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England.
[Gillin, William P.] Queen Mary Univ London, Mat Res Inst, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England.
[Gillin, William P.] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Phys & Astron, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England.
[Ao, Geyou; Zheng, Ming] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Palma, M (reprint author), Queen Mary Univ London, Inst Bioengn, Mat Res Inst, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, Mile End Rd, London E1 4NS, England.
EM m.palma@qmul.ac.uk
RI Palma , Matteo/E-6392-2011;
OI Palma , Matteo/0000-0001-8715-4034; Crespo Otero,
Rachel/0000-0002-8725-5350; Gillin, William/0000-0002-6874-3746
FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/M029506/1];
Chinese Scholarship Council
FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Engineering and
Physical Sciences Research Council under Award EP/M029506/1. J.Z. is
financially supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council. We thank
Khaled Kaja (Bruker) for helpful discussions and technical support.
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 41
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD MAR 9
PY 2016
VL 138
IS 9
BP 2905
EP 2908
DI 10.1021/jacs.5b12086
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA DG3BZ
UT WOS:000371945800009
PM 26854787
ER
PT J
AU Mikita, R
Aharen, T
Yamamoto, T
Takeiri, F
Ya, T
Yoshimune, W
Fujita, K
Yoshida, S
Tanaka, K
Batuk, D
Abakumov, AM
Brown, CM
Kobayashi, Y
Kageyama, H
AF Mikita, Riho
Aharen, Tomoko
Yamamoto, Takafumi
Takeiri, Fumitaka
Ya, Tang
Yoshimune, Wataru
Fujita, Koji
Yoshida, Suguru
Tanaka, Katsuhisa
Batuk, Dmitry
Abakumov, Artem M.
Brown, Craig M.
Kobayashi, Yoji
Kageyama, Hiroshi
TI Topochemical Nitridation with Anion Vacancy -Assisted N3-/O2- Exchange
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PEROVSKITE OXYNITRIDES; OXIDE;
HYDRIDE; PYROCHLORES; LATIO2N; ORDER; STATE; CONDUCTIVITY
AB We present how the introduction of anion vacancies in oxyhydrides enables a route to access new oxynitrides, by conducting ammonolysis of perovskite oxyhydride EuTiO3-xHx (x similar to 0.18). At 400 degrees C, similar to our studies on BaTiO3-xHx, hydride lability enables a low temperature direct ammonolysis of EUTi3.82+O-2.82/H-0.18, leading to the N3-/H--exchanged product EuTi4+O2.82No0.12 square 0.06 center dot When the ammonolysis temperature was increased up to 800 degrees C, we observed a further nitridation involving N3-/O2- exchange, yielding a fully oxidized Eu3+Ti4+O2N with the GdFeO3-type distortion (Pnma) as a metastable phase, instead of pyrochlore structure. Interestingly, the same reactions using the oxide EuTiO3 proceeded through a 1:1 exchange of N3- with O-2 only above 600 degrees C and resulted in incomplete nitridation to EuTi02.25N0.75, indicating that anion vacancies created during the initial nitridation process of EuTiO2.82H0.18 play a crucial role in promoting anion (N3-/O2-) exchange at high temperatures. Hence, by using (hydride-induced) anion-deficient precursors, we should be able to expand the accessible anion composition of perovskite oxynitrides.
C1 [Mikita, Riho; Aharen, Tomoko; Yamamoto, Takafumi; Takeiri, Fumitaka; Ya, Tang; Yoshimune, Wataru; Kobayashi, Yoji; Kageyama, Hiroshi] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Energy & Hydrocarbon Chem, Nishikyo Ku, Kyoto 6158510, Japan.
[Fujita, Koji; Yoshida, Suguru; Tanaka, Katsuhisa] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Chem Mat, Nishikyo Ku, Kyoto 6158510, Japan.
[Batuk, Dmitry; Abakumov, Artem M.] Univ Antwerp, EMAT, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
[Abakumov, Artem M.] Skolkovo Inst Sci & Technol, Skoltech Ctr Electrochem Energy Storage, Moscow 143026, Russia.
[Brown, Craig M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kobayashi, Yoji] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy JST, PRESTO, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan.
[Kageyama, Hiroshi] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy JST, CREST, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan.
RP Kageyama, H (reprint author), Japan Sci & Technol Agcy JST, CREST, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan.
EM kage@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp
RI Kageyama, Hiroshi/A-4602-2010; Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009; Fujita,
Koji/C-7662-2012
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355; Fujita, Koji/0000-0002-1700-0889
FU CREST project; JSPS [25249090, 24248016]; [26106514]
FX This work was supported by CREST project and JSPS Grant in-Aid for
Scientific Research (A) (no. 25249090 and no. 24248016) and for
Scientific Research on Innovative Areas "Nano Informatics" (no.
26106514). The synchrotron radiation experiments were performed at the
BL02B2 of SPring-8 with the approval of the Japan Synchrotron Radiation
Research Institute (JASRI) (proposal nos. 2015B1110, 2015B1111, and
2015B1472). The authors thank Tsukasa Matsubara for his support during
an SHG measurement.
NR 51
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 8
U2 39
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD MAR 9
PY 2016
VL 138
IS 9
BP 3211
EP 3217
DI 10.1021/jacs.6b00088
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA DG3BZ
UT WOS:000371945800055
PM 26855196
ER
PT J
AU Kindel, WF
Schroer, MD
Lehnert, KW
AF Kindel, William F.
Schroer, M. D.
Lehnert, K. W.
TI Generation and efficient measurement of single photons from
fixed-frequency superconducting qubits
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROWAVE FIELDS; QUANTUM; CIRCUITS
AB We demonstrate and evaluate an on-demand source of single itinerant microwave photons. Photons are generated using a highly coherent, fixed-frequency qubit-cavity system, and a protocol where the microwave control field is far detuned from the photon emission frequency. By using a Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA), we perform efficient single-quadrature detection of the state emerging from the cavity. We characterize the imperfections of the photon generation and detection, including detection inefficiency and state infidelity caused by measurement back-action over a range of JPA gains from 17 to 33 dB. We observe that both detection efficiency and undesirable back-action increase with JPA gain. We find that the density matrix has its maximum single-photon component rho(11) = 0.36 +/- 0.01 at 29 dB JPA gain. At this gain, back-action of the JPA creates cavity photon number fluctuations that we model as a thermal distribution with an average photon number (n) over bar = 0.041 +/- 0.003.
C1 [Kindel, William F.; Lehnert, K. W.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kindel, William F.; Lehnert, K. W.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kindel, William F.; Lehnert, K. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Schroer, M. D.] GE Aviat, Cincinnati, OH 45215 USA.
[Lehnert, K. W.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Kindel, WF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Kindel, WF (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Kindel, WF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM william.kindel@colorado.edu
RI Lehnert, Konrad/B-7577-2009
OI Lehnert, Konrad/0000-0002-0750-9649
FU National Science Foundation [1125844]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX We would like to thank Martin Sandberg, Michael Vissers, Jiansong Gao,
and David Pappas at NIST Boulder for providing the qubit used in the
experiment, and James Thompson for an informative discussion. This work
was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1125844
and by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD MAR 9
PY 2016
VL 93
IS 3
AR 033817
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.033817
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA DG0BB
UT WOS:000371725700017
ER
PT J
AU Norcia, MA
Thompson, JK
AF Norcia, Matthew A.
Thompson, James K.
TI Cold-Strontium Laser in the Superradiant Crossover Regime
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW X
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL LATTICE; CLOCK; CAVITY
AB Today's narrowest linewidth lasers are limited by mirror motion in the reference optical resonator used to stabilize the laser's frequency. Recent proposals suggest that superradiant lasers based on narrow dipole-forbidden transitions in cold alkaline earth atoms could offer a way around this limitation. Such lasers operating on transitions with linewidth of order mHz are predicted to achieve output spectra orders of magnitude narrower than any currently existing laser. As a step towards this goal, we demonstrate and study a laser based on the 7.5-kHz linewidth dipole-forbidden P-3(1) to S-1(0) transition in laser-cooled and tightly confined Sr-88. We can operate this laser in the bad-cavity or superradiant regime, where coherence is primarily stored in the atoms, or continuously tune to the more conventional good-cavity regime, where coherence is primarily stored in the light field. We show that the cold-atom gain medium can be repumped to achieve quasi-steady-state lasing. We also demonstrate up to an order of magnitude suppression in the sensitivity of laser frequency to changes in cavity length, verifying a key feature of the proposed narrow linewidth lasers.
C1 [Norcia, Matthew A.] NIST, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Norcia, MA (reprint author), NIST, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM matthew.norcia@colorado.edu
FU DARPA QuASAR; ARO; NSF PFC; NIST; National Science Foundation [1125844]
FX We acknowledge contributions to the experimental apparatus by Matthew
Winchester, and thank Kevin Cox, Jan Thomsen, Murray Holland, and David
Tieri for useful discussions. The authors acknowledge financial support
from DARPA QuASAR, ARO, NSF PFC, and NIST. This work is supported by the
National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1125844.
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2160-3308
J9 PHYS REV X
JI Phys. Rev. X
PD MAR 9
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 1
AR 011025
DI 10.1103/PhysRevX.6.011025
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DF9ZZ
UT WOS:000371722700001
ER
PT J
AU Pookpanratana, S
Zhu, H
Bittle, EG
Natoli, SN
Ren, T
Richter, CA
Li, Q
Hacker, CA
AF Pookpanratana, S.
Zhu, H.
Bittle, E. G.
Natoli, S. N.
Ren, T.
Richter, C. A.
Li, Q.
Hacker, C. A.
TI Non-volatile memory devices with redox-active diruthenium molecular
compound
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
DE molecular interfaces; non-volatile memory; self-assembled molecules;
interface engineering
ID ATTACHMENT
AB Reduction-oxidation (redox) active molecules hold potential for memory devices due to their many unique properties. We report the use of a novel diruthenium-based redox molecule incorporated into a non-volatile Flash-based memory device architecture. The memory capacitor device structure consists of a Pd/Al2O3/molecule/SiO2/Si structure. The bulky ruthenium redox molecule is attached to the surface by using a 'click' reaction and the monolayer structure is characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to verify the Ru attachment and molecular density. The 'click' reaction is particularly advantageous for memory applications because of (1) ease of chemical design and synthesis, and (2) provides an additional spatial barrier between the oxide/silicon to the diruthenium molecule. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy data identified the energy of the electronic levels of the surface before and after surface modification. The molecular memory devices display an unsaturated charge storage window attributed to the intrinsic properties of the redox-active molecule. Our findings demonstrate the strengths and challenges with integrating molecular layers within solid-state devices, which will influence the future design of molecular memory devices.
C1 [Pookpanratana, S.; Zhu, H.; Bittle, E. G.; Richter, C. A.; Li, Q.; Hacker, C. A.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhu, H.; Li, Q.] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Natoli, S. N.; Ren, T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Pookpanratana, S; Hacker, CA (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sujitra@nist.gov; christina.hacker@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation [CHE 1362214]
FX We thank Dr Son Le for fruitful discussions. The memory devices were
fabricated in part and TEM imaging were performed at the NIST Center for
Nanoscale Science and Technology. The synthetic work at Purdue is
supported in part by the National Science Foundation (CHE 1362214).
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 15
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
EI 1361-648X
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD MAR 9
PY 2016
VL 28
IS 9
AR 094009
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/28/9/094009
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA DD9WZ
UT WOS:000370277700010
PM 26871549
ER
PT J
AU Sherman, JA
Levine, J
AF Sherman, Jeff A.
Levine, Judah
TI Usage Analysis of the NIST Internet Time Service
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE internet time service; network time protocol (NTP); time transfer
AB The Internet Time Service (ITS) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) currently receives over 16 billion time requests per day. ITS servers derive their system time from the NIST atomic-referenced time scale and distribute it freely to the public. Here we explore ITS usage patterns discovered by analysis of inbound network traffic. For example, over a period of four weeks, just two of the approximate to 20 ITS servers received requests from 316 million unique Internet Protocol (IPv4) addresses, which is at least 8.5 % of the entire Internet. We offer recommendations for networked device/software manufacturers, and providers and consumers of network time services.
C1 [Sherman, Jeff A.] NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Levine, Judah] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Sherman, JA (reprint author), NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jeff.sherman@nist.gov; judah.levine@nist.gov
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD MAR 8
PY 2016
VL 121
DI 10.6028/jres.121.003
PG 14
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DQ5AY
UT WOS:000379218000001
ER
PT J
AU Ortiz, N
Mangel, JC
Wang, J
Alfaro-Shigueto, J
Pingo, S
Jimenez, A
Suarez, T
Swimmer, Y
Carvalho, F
Godley, BJ
AF Ortiz, Natalia
Mangel, Jeffrey C.
Wang, John
Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna
Pingo, Sergio
Jimenez, Astrid
Suarez, Tania
Swimmer, Yonat
Carvalho, Felipe
Godley, Brendan J.
TI Reducing green turtle bycatch in small-scale fisheries using illuminated
gillnets: the cost of saving a sea turtle
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE LEDs; Green turtles; CPUE; Small-scale fishery; Bycatch; Peru
ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; LONGLINE FISHERIES; BY-CATCH; PELAGIC LONGLINES;
LOGGERHEAD TURTLE; EXCLUDER DEVICES; SEABIRD BYCATCH; GLOBAL PATTERNS;
NET FISHERIES; CIRCLE HOOKS
AB Gillnet fisheries exist throughout the oceans and have been implicated in high by catch rates of sea turtles. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of illuminating nets with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) placed on floatlines in order to reduce sea turtle bycatch in a small-scale bottom-set gillnet fishery. In Sechura Bay, northern Peru, 114 pairs of control and illuminated nets were deployed. The predicted mean catch per unit effort (CPUE) of target species, standardized for environmental variables using generalized additive model (GAM) analysis, was similar for both control and illuminated nets. In contrast, the predicted mean CPUE of green turtles Chelonia mydas was reduced by 63.9% in illuminated nets. A total of 125 green turtles were caught in control nets, while 62 were caught in illuminated nets. This statistically significant re duction (GAM analysis, p < 0.05) in sea turtle bycatch suggests that net illumination could be an effective conservation tool. Challenges to implementing the use of LEDs include equipment costs, increased net handling times, and limited awareness among fishermen regarding the effectiveness of this technology. Cost estimates for preventing a single sea turtle catch are as low as 34 USD, while the costs to outfit the entire gillnet fishery in Sechura Bay can be as low as 9200 USD. Understanding these cost challenges emphasizes the need for institutional support from national ministries, inter national non-governmental organizations and the broader fisheries industry to make possible widespread implementation of net illumination as a sea turtle bycatch reduction strategy.
C1 [Ortiz, Natalia; Mangel, Jeffrey C.; Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna; Pingo, Sergio; Jimenez, Astrid; Suarez, Tania] ProDelphinus, Octavio Bernal 572-5, Lima 11, Peru.
[Mangel, Jeffrey C.; Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna; Godley, Brendan J.] Univ Exeter, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, England.
[Wang, John; Swimmer, Yonat; Carvalho, Felipe] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna] Univ Cient Sur, Fac Biol Marina, Panamer Km 19, Lima, Peru.
[Carvalho, Felipe] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP Mangel, JC (reprint author), ProDelphinus, Octavio Bernal 572-5, Lima 11, Peru.; Mangel, JC (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, England.
EM j.mangel@exeter.ac.uk
FU ProDelphinus; Darwin Initiative; National Marine Fisheries Service of
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; University of
Hawaii Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research
FX We thank the following field assistants who participated in data
collection: E. Alfaro, N. Balducci, E. Campbell, T. Clay, P. Doherty, A.
Luna, H. Parra, A. Pasara, and A. Ugolini. We also thank the fishermen
and their families at Constante, Piura, Peru, for their support on every
fishing trip. This work and study was supported by ProDelphinus, the
Darwin Initiative, the National Marine Fisheries Service of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the University of Hawaii
Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research.
NR 60
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 19
U2 35
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD MAR 8
PY 2016
VL 545
BP 251
EP 259
DI 10.3354/meps11610
PG 9
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA DH1UZ
UT WOS:000372571700020
ER
PT J
AU Pfeiffer, L
Gratz, T
AF Pfeiffer, Lisa
Gratz, Trevor
TI The effect of rights-based fisheries management on risk taking and
fishing safety
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE catch shares; occupational safety; rights-based fisheries management;
risk; sustainable fisheries
ID NEW-ENGLAND FISHERY; COMMERCIAL FISHERMEN; UNITED-STATES; ALASKA; IFQS;
PERCEPTIONS; EFFICIENCY; PROGRAMS; INDUSTRY; MARGINS
AB Commercial fishing is a dangerous occupation despite decades of regulatory initiatives aimed at making it safer. We posit that rights-based fisheries management (the individual allocation of fishing quota to vessels or fishing entities, also called catch shares) can improve safety by solving many of the problems associated with the competitive race to fish experienced in fisheries around the world. The competitive nature of such fisheries results in risky behavior such as fishing in poor weather, overloading vessels with fishing gear, and neglecting maintenance. Although not necessarily intended to address safety issues, catch shares eliminate many of the economic incentives to fish as rapidly as possible. We develop a dataset and methods to empirically evaluate the effects of the adoption of catch shares management on a particularly risky type of behavior: the propensity to fish in stormy weather. After catch shares was implemented in an economically important US West Coast fishery, a fisherman's probability of taking a fishing trip in high wind conditions decreased by 82% compared with only 31% in the former race to fish fishery. Overall, catch shares caused the average annual rate of fishing on high wind days to decrease by 79%. These results are evidence that institutional changes can significantly reduce individual, voluntary risk exposure and result in safer fisheries.
C1 [Pfeiffer, Lisa] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Gratz, Trevor] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Pfeiffer, L (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM lisa.pfeiffer@noaa.gov
FU Usha and S. Rao Varanasi fellowship
FX We thank Jennifer Lincoln, Kristin Williams, Jeremy Adams, Eric
Thunberg, Todd Lee, Jim Hastie, Alan Haynie, Nick Bond, numerous friends
and colleagues, and two reviewers for helpful comments. T.G. was funded
by the Usha and S. Rao Varanasi fellowship.
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 6
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD MAR 8
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 10
BP 2615
EP 2620
DI 10.1073/pnas.1509456113
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DG4AW
UT WOS:000372013300029
PM 26884188
ER
PT J
AU Yuan, H
Cheng, GJ
Yu, S
Walker, ARH
Richter, CA
Pan, MH
Li, QL
AF Yuan, Hui
Cheng, Guangjun
Yu, Sheng
Walker, Angela R. Hight
Richter, Curt A.
Pan, Minghu
Li, Qiliang
TI Field effects of current crowding in metal-MoS2 contacts
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-LAYER MOS2; EFFECT TRANSISTORS; MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE;
HIGH-PERFORMANCE; GRAPHENE ELECTRODES; PLANAR DEVICES; MONOLAYER MOS2;
RESISTANCE; MECHANISM
AB Gate assisted contact-end Kelvin test structures and gate assisted four-probe structures have been designed and fabricated to measure the field effects of current crowding at the source/drain contacts of top-gate MoS2 field effect transistors. The transistors exhibited n-type transistor characteristics. The source/drain contact resistance was measured by using both gate-assisted Kelvin and gateassisted four-probe structures. The values of contact resistance measured by these two test structures are significantly different. The contact-front contact resistance obtained from the four-probe structure is strongly influenced by field effects on current crowding, while the contact-end resistance obtained from the Kelvin test structure is not. The metal-MoS2 contact current transfer length, LT, can be determined from the comparison between these two measurements. LT was observed to increase linearly with increasing gate voltage. This work indicates that the contact characteristics can be more precisely measured when both gate-assisted test structures are used. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Yuan, Hui; Pan, Minghu] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Phys, 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Yuan, Hui; Yu, Sheng; Li, Qiliang] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Yuan, Hui; Cheng, Guangjun; Walker, Angela R. Hight; Richter, Curt A.] NIST, Div Engn Phys, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yuan, H; Pan, MH (reprint author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Phys, 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.; Yuan, H; Li, QL (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.; Yuan, H (reprint author), NIST, Div Engn Phys, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM huiyuan@hust.edu.cn; minghupan@hust.edu.cn; qli6@gmu.edu
RI Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009
OI Hight Walker, Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672
FU U.S. NIST Grant [60NANB11D148]; U.S. NSF Grant [ECCS-1407807]
FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. NIST Grant 60NANB11D148 and
U.S. NSF Grant ECCS-1407807.
NR 43
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 10
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD MAR 7
PY 2016
VL 108
IS 10
AR 103505
DI 10.1063/1.4942409
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DH7KV
UT WOS:000372973600050
ER
PT J
AU Garratt, E
Nikoobakht, B
AF Garratt, Elias
Nikoobakht, Babak
TI Surface-Directed Nanoepitaxy on a Surface with an Irregular Lattice
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE 2D materials; epitaxy; semiconductors; surface-directed growth;
vapor-liquid-solid growth
ID NANOWIRE ARRAYS; OXIDE NANOWIRES; LARGE-SCALE; ZINC-OXIDE; GAN; GROWTH;
HETEROJUNCTIONS; INTEGRATION; CIRCUITRY; SAPPHIRE
C1 [Garratt, Elias; Nikoobakht, Babak] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Nikoobakht, B (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM babakn@nist.gov
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2196-7350
J9 ADV MATER INTERFACES
JI Adv. Mater. Interfaces
PD MAR 7
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 5
AR 1500598
DI 10.1002/admi.201500598
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA DG3YA
UT WOS:000372005900005
ER
PT J
AU Ng, LC
Payne, WV
AF Ng, Lisa C.
Payne, W. Vance
TI Energy use consequences of ventilating a net-zero energy house
SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Air-to-air heat pump; Heat recovery ventilator; Net-zero energy
buildings; Ventilation energy use
AB A Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility (NZERTF) has been constructed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland, to demonstrate that a home similar in size, aesthetics, and amenities to those in the surrounding communities can achieve net-zero energy use over the course of a year while meeting the average electricity and water use needs of a family of four in the United States. The facility incorporates renewable energy and energy efficient technologies, including an air-to-air heat pump system, a solar photovoltaic system, a solar thermal domestic hot water system, and a heat recovery ventilation system sized to meet American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 62.2-2010 ventilation requirements. The largest energy end use within the home was space conditioning, which included heat loss through the building envelope, ventilation air supplied by the heat recovery ventilator (HRV), and internal loads. While HRVs are often described as being able to save energy when compared to ventilating without heat recovery, there have been no studies using a full year of measured data that determine the thermal load and energy impacts of HRV-based ventilation on the central heating and cooling system. Over the course of a year, continuous operation of the HRV at the NZERTF resulted in an annual savings of 7% in heat pump energy use compared with the hypothetical case of ventilating without heat recovery. The heat pump electrical use varied from an increase of 5% in the cooling months to 36% savings in the heating months compared with ventilation without heat recovery. The increase in the cooling months occurred when the outdoor temperature was lower than the indoor temperature, during which the availability of an economizer mode would have been beneficial. Nevertheless, the fan energy required to operate the selected HRV at the NZERTF paid for itself in the heat pump energy saved compared with ventilation without heat recovery. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Ng, Lisa C.] NIST, Indoor Air Qual & Ventilat Grp, Div Energy & Environm, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8633, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Payne, W. Vance] NIST, HVAC&R Equipment Performance Grp, Div Energy & Environm, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8633, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ng, LC (reprint author), NIST, Indoor Air Qual & Ventilat Grp, Div Energy & Environm, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8633, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lisa.ng@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-4311
J9 APPL THERM ENG
JI Appl. Therm. Eng.
PD MAR 5
PY 2016
VL 96
BP 151
EP 160
DI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.10.100
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics
GA DJ0AI
UT WOS:000373863400017
PM 26903776
ER
PT J
AU Munroe, DM
Narvaez, DA
Hennen, D
Jacobson, L
Mann, R
Hofmann, EE
Powell, EN
Klinck, JM
AF Munroe, D. M.
Narvaez, D. A.
Hennen, D.
Jacobson, L.
Mann, R.
Hofmann, E. E.
Powell, E. N.
Klinck, J. M.
TI Fishing and bottom water temperature as drivers of change in maximum
shell length in Atlantic surfclams (Spisula solidissima)
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Shellfish fisheries; Spisula solidissima; Length-at-age; Temperature;
Surfclam; Population model
ID SUBTRUNCATA DA COSTA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SURF CLAM; EVOLUTIONARY
CONSEQUENCES; INDIVIDUAL GROWTH; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; INDUCED SELECTION;
AGE-STRUCTURE; NORTH-SEA; SIZE
AB Maximum shell length of Atlantic surfclams (Spisula solidissima) on the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB) continental shelf, obtained from federal fishery survey data from 1982-present, has decreased by 15-20 mm. Two potential causes of this decreasing trend, fishery removal of large animals and stress due to warming bottom temperatures, were investigated using an individual-based model for post-settlement surfclams and a fifty-year hindcast of bottom water temperatures on the MAB. Simulations showed that fishing and/or warming bottom water temperature can cause decreases in maximum surfclam shell length (body size) equivalent to those observed in the fished stock. Independently, either localized fishing rates of 20% or sustained bottom temperatures that are 2 degrees C warmer than average conditions generate the observed decrease in maximum shell length. However, these independent conditions represent extremes and are not sustained in the MAB. The combined effects of fishing and warmer temperatures can generate simulated length decreases that are similar to observed decreases. Interannual variability in bottom water temperatures can also generate fluctuations in simulated shell length of up to 20 mm over a period of 10-15 years. If the change in maximum size is not genotypic, simulations also suggest that shell size composition of surfclam populations can recover if conditions change; however, that recovery could take a decade to become evident. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Munroe, D. M.] Rutgers State Univ, Haskin Shellfish Res Lab, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
[Narvaez, D. A.; Hofmann, E. E.; Klinck, J. M.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Hennen, D.; Jacobson, L.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Mann, R.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Williamsburg, VA 23187 USA.
[Powell, E. N.] Univ So Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
[Narvaez, D. A.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Oceanog, Santiago, Chile.
RP Munroe, DM (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Haskin Shellfish Res Lab, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
EM dmunroe@hsrl.rutgers.edu; diegonarvaez@udec.cl; daniel.hennen@noaa.gov;
larry.jacobson@noaa.gov; rmann@vims.edu; hofmann@ccpo.odu.edu;
eric.n.powell@usm.edu
FU NSF Award [GEO-0909484]; NSF Coupled Natural and Human Systems grant
[0908939]; MINECON, Chile [NC120086]; USDA National Institute of Food
and Agriculture Hatch project through the New Jersey Agricultural
Experiment Station, Hatch project [1002345, NJ32115]
FX Thanks to E. Curtchiser and D. Kang for providing the Middle Atlantic
Bight bottom water temperature hindcast, and to the NEFSC shell aging
team who provide excellent age data. Financial support was provided by
NSF Award: GEO-0909484 and NSF Coupled Natural and Human Systems grant
number 0908939. D.A.N. was partially funded by MINECON - NC120086, Chile
and D.M.M. was partially supported by the USDA National Institute of
Food and Agriculture Hatch project accession number 1002345 through the
New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Hatch project NJ32115. We
are grateful for improvements to the manuscript from suggestions made by
anonymous reviewers.
NR 84
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
EI 1096-0015
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD MAR 5
PY 2016
VL 170
BP 112
EP 122
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2016.01.009
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DG9CH
UT WOS:000372379900011
ER
PT J
AU Eisenlord, ME
Groner, ML
Yoshioka, RM
Elliott, J
Maynard, J
Fradkin, S
Turner, M
Pyne, K
Rivlin, N
van Hooidonk, R
Harvell, CD
AF Eisenlord, Morgan E.
Groner, Maya L.
Yoshioka, Reyn M.
Elliott, Joel
Maynard, Jeffrey
Fradkin, Steven
Turner, Margaret
Pyne, Katie
Rivlin, Natalie
van Hooidonk, Ruben
Harvell, C. Drew
TI Ochre star mortality during the 2014 wasting disease epizootic: role of
population size structure and temperature
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE epizootic; sea star wasting disease; Pisaster ochraceus; host
demography; mass mortality; climate change
ID PISASTER-OCHRACEUS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; SPECIES-DIVERSITY;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; CORAL DISEASE; SEA; TRANSMISSION; ENVIRONMENT;
COMPETITION; EMERGENCE
AB Over 20 species of asteroids were devastated by a sea star wasting disease (SSWD) epizootic, linked to a densovirus, from Mexico to Alaska in 2013 and 2014. For Pisaster ochraceus from the San Juan Islands, South Puget Sound and Washington outer coast, time-series monitoring showed rapid disease spread, high mortality rates in 2014, and continuing levels of wasting in the survivors in 2015. Peak prevalence of disease at 16 sites ranged to 100%, with an overall mean of 61%. Analysis of longitudinal data showed disease risk was correlated with both size and temperature and resulted in shifts in population size structure; adult populations fell to one quarter of pre-outbreak abundances. In laboratory experiments, time between development of disease signs and death was influenced by temperature in adults but not juveniles and adult mortality was 18% higher in the 19 degrees C treatment compared to the lower temperature treatments. While larger ochre stars developed disease signs sooner than juveniles, diseased juveniles died more quickly than diseased adults. Unusual 2-3 degrees C warm temperature anomalies were coincident with the summer 2014 mortalities. We suggest these warm waters could have increased the disease progression and mortality rates of SSWD in Washington State.
C1 [Eisenlord, Morgan E.; Yoshioka, Reyn M.; Maynard, Jeffrey; Rivlin, Natalie; Harvell, C. Drew] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Groner, Maya L.] Univ Prince Edward Isl, Atlantic Vet Coll, Dept Hlth Management, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
[Elliott, Joel] Univ Puget Sound, Dept Biol, Tacoma, WA 98416 USA.
[Maynard, Jeffrey] CRIOBE, CNRS EPHE, Lab Excellence CORAIL, USR 3278, Papetoai, Moorea, Fr Polynesia.
[Fradkin, Steven] Lake Crescent Lab, Olymp Natl Pk, Port Angeles, WA 98362 USA.
[Turner, Margaret] Northeastern Univ, Ctr Marine Sci, Nahant, MA 01908 USA.
[van Hooidonk, Ruben] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[van Hooidonk, Ruben] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Eisenlord, ME (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
EM me367@cornell.edu
RI van Hooidonk, Ruben/F-7395-2010
OI van Hooidonk, Ruben/0000-0002-3804-1233
FU Nature Conservancy; National Science Foundation (NSF) Ecology and
Evolution of Infectious Disease RCN [OCE-1215977]; NOAA Climate Program
Office [NA13OAR4310127]; Canadian Excellence Research Chair in aquatic
epidemiology
FX Field surveys and experimental work were supported by a grant from The
Nature Conservancy to C.D.H., private donations from Kevin Schofield and
Mrs Bailey's Arkansas schoolchildren, the National Science Foundation
(NSF) Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease RCN (grant no.
OCE-1215977) and an NOAA Climate Program Office grant no.
(NA13OAR4310127) to C.D.H. M.L.G. was partially supported by the
Canadian Excellence Research Chair in aquatic epidemiology.
NR 52
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 46
U2 82
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8436
EI 1471-2970
J9 PHILOS T R SOC B
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD MAR 5
PY 2016
VL 371
IS 1689
AR 20150212
DI 10.1098/rstb.2015.0212
PG 11
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA DF2CU
UT WOS:000371148300010
ER
PT J
AU Groner, ML
Maynard, J
Breyta, R
Carnegie, RB
Dobson, A
Friedman, CS
Froelich, B
Garren, M
Gulland, FMD
Heron, SF
Noble, RT
Revie, CW
Shields, JD
Vanderstichel, R
Weil, E
Wyllie-Echeverria, S
Harvell, CD
AF Groner, Maya L.
Maynard, Jeffrey
Breyta, Rachel
Carnegie, Ryan B.
Dobson, Andy
Friedman, Carolyn S.
Froelich, Brett
Garren, Melissa
Gulland, Frances M. D.
Heron, Scott F.
Noble, Rachel T.
Revie, Crawford W.
Shields, Jeffrey D.
Vanderstichel, Raphael
Weil, Ernesto
Wyllie-Echeverria, Sandy
Harvell, C. Drew
TI Managing marine disease emergencies in an era of rapid change
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE adaptive management; marine disease; response plan; surveillance; impact
mitigation; environmental law
ID HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA VIRUS; ATLANTIC SALMON; WASTING DISEASE;
ZOSTERA-MARINA; AQUACULTURE; MANAGEMENT; VIBRIO; TRANSMISSION;
POPULATIONS; CRUSTACEANS
AB Infectious marine diseases can decimate populations and are increasing among some taxa due to global change and our increasing reliance on marine environments. Marine diseases become emergencies when significant ecological, economic or social impacts occur. We can prepare for and manage these emergencies through improved surveillance, and the development and iterative refinement of approaches to mitigate disease and its impacts. Improving surveillance requires fast, accurate diagnoses, forecasting disease risk and real-time monitoring of disease-promoting environmental conditions. Diversifying impact mitigation involves increasing host resilience to disease, reducing pathogen abundance and managing environmental factors that facilitate disease. Disease surveillance and mitigation can be adaptive if informed by research advances and catalysed by communication among observers, researchers and decision-makers using information-sharing platforms. Recent increases in the awareness of the threats posed by marine diseases may lead to policy frameworks that facilitate the responses and management that marine disease emergencies require.
C1 [Groner, Maya L.; Revie, Crawford W.; Vanderstichel, Raphael] Univ Prince Edward Isl, Atlantic Vet Coll, Ctr Vet Epidemiol Res, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
[Maynard, Jeffrey; Harvell, C. Drew] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Maynard, Jeffrey] CRIOBE, EPHE, CNRS, Lab Excellence CORAIL,USR 3278, Papetoai, Moorea, Fr Polynesia.
[Breyta, Rachel; Friedman, Carolyn S.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fisheries Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Carnegie, Ryan B.; Shields, Jeffrey D.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Dept Aquat Hlth Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Dobson, Andy] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Froelich, Brett; Noble, Rachel T.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
[Garren, Melissa] Calif State Univ Monterey Bay, Div Sci & Environm Policy, Campus Ctr 100, Seaside, CA 93955 USA.
[Gulland, Frances M. D.] Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA.
[Heron, Scott F.] NOAA Coral Reef Watch, NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, 5830 Univ Res Ct,E-RA3, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Heron, Scott F.] James Cook Univ, Coll Sci Technol & Engn, Dept Phys, Marine Geophys Lab, Townsville, Qld 4814, Australia.
[Weil, Ernesto] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Marine Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA.
[Wyllie-Echeverria, Sandy] Univ Washington, Friday Harbor Labs, Friday Harbor, WA 98250 USA.
[Wyllie-Echeverria, Sandy] Univ Virgin Isl, Ctr Marine & Environm Studies, St Thomas, VI 00802 USA.
[Groner, Maya L.] Univ Prince Edward Isl, Atlantic Vet Coll, Dept Hlth Management, Charlottetown, PE C0A 2E0, Canada.
RP Groner, ML (reprint author), Univ Prince Edward Isl, Atlantic Vet Coll, Dept Hlth Management, Charlottetown, PE C0A 2E0, Canada.
EM maya.groner@gmail.com
RI Heron, Scott/E-7928-2011
FU NSF [OCE-1215977]; NOAA Climate Program Office grant [NA13OAR4310127];
Canadian Excellence Research Chair in Aquatic Epidemiology at the
University of Prince Edward Island
FX This paper was conceived during a meeting of the NSF-supported Research
Coordination Network (RCN) on the Ecology and Evolution of Infectious
Disease (grant OCE-1215977 awarded to C. D. H.) made possible by
logistical support from Friday Harbor Laboratories of the University of
Washington. Financial support was also provided by an NOAA Climate
Program Office grant to the supervising author (NA13OAR4310127) and to
the first author by the Canadian Excellence Research Chair in Aquatic
Epidemiology at the University of Prince Edward Island.
NR 60
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 9
U2 32
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8436
EI 1471-2970
J9 PHILOS T R SOC B
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD MAR 5
PY 2016
VL 371
IS 1689
AR 20150364
DI 10.1098/rstb.2015.0364
PG 10
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA DF2CU
UT WOS:000371148300014
ER
PT J
AU Maynard, J
van Hooidonk, R
Harvell, CD
Eakin, CM
Liu, G
Willis, BL
Williams, GJ
Groner, ML
Dobson, A
Heron, SF
Glenn, R
Reardon, K
Shields, JD
AF Maynard, Jeffrey
van Hooidonk, Ruben
Harvell, C. Drew
Eakin, C. Mark
Liu, Gang
Willis, Bette L.
Williams, Gareth J.
Groner, Maya L.
Dobson, Andrew
Heron, Scott F.
Glenn, Robert
Reardon, Kathleen
Shields, Jeffrey D.
TI Improving marine disease surveillance through sea temperature
monitoring, outlooks and projections
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; Homarus americanus; epizootic shell disease; marine
disease; predictive tools; resource management
ID EPIZOOTIC SHELL DISEASE; LOBSTER HOMARUS-AMERICANUS; SOUTHERN
NEW-ENGLAND; CRAB CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; CORAL BLEACHING EVENTS;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; LEPEOPHTHEIRUS-SALMONIS;
CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS; HEMATODINIUM SP
AB To forecast marine disease outbreaks as oceans warm requires new environmental surveillance tools. We describe an iterative process for developing these tools that combines research, development and deployment for suitable systems. The first step is to identify candidate host-pathogen systems. The 24 candidate systems we identified include sponges, corals, oysters, crustaceans, sea stars, fishes and sea grasses (among others). To illustrate the other steps, we present a case study of epizootic shell disease (ESD) in the American lobster. Increasing prevalence of ESD is a contributing factor to lobster fishery collapse in southern New England (SNE), raising concerns that disease prevalence will increase in the northern Gulf of Maine under climate change. The lowest maximum bottom temperature associated with ESD prevalence in SNE is 12 degrees C. Our seasonal outlook for 2015 and long-term projections show bottom temperatures greater than or equal to 12 degrees C may occur in this and coming years in the coastal bays of Maine. The tools presented will allow managers to target efforts to monitor the effects of ESD on fishery sustainability and will be iteratively refined. The approach and case example highlight that temperature-based surveillance tools can inform research, monitoring and management of emerging and continuing marine disease threats.
C1 [Maynard, Jeffrey; Harvell, C. Drew] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Maynard, Jeffrey] CRIOBE, CNRS EPHE, Lab Excellence CORAIL, USR 3278, Papetoai, Moorea, Fr Polynesia.
[van Hooidonk, Ruben] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[van Hooidonk, Ruben] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Eakin, C. Mark; Liu, Gang; Heron, Scott F.] NOAA Coral Reef Watch, NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, 5830 Univ Res Ctr,E-RA3, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Willis, Bette L.] James Cook Univ, Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Australian Res Council ARC, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Willis, Bette L.] James Cook Univ, Coll Marine & Environm Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Williams, Gareth J.] Bangor Univ, Sch Ocean Sci, Menai Bridge LL59 5AB, Anglesey, Wales.
[Groner, Maya L.] Univ Prince Edward Isl, Atlantic Vet Coll, Ctr Vet Epidemiol Res, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
[Dobson, Andrew] Princeton Univ, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Heron, Scott F.] James Cook Univ, Coll Sci Technol & Engn, Dept Phys, Marine Geophys Lab, Townsville, Qld 4814, Australia.
[Glenn, Robert] Commonwealth Massachusetts, Div Marine Fisheries, Energy & Environm Affairs, 30 Emerson Ave, Gloucester, MA 01931 USA.
[Reardon, Kathleen] Dept Marine Resources, 21 State House Stn, Augusta, ME 04333 USA.
[Shields, Jeffrey D.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
RP Maynard, J (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.; Maynard, J (reprint author), CRIOBE, CNRS EPHE, Lab Excellence CORAIL, USR 3278, Papetoai, Moorea, Fr Polynesia.
EM maynardmarine@gmail.com
RI Liu, Gang/E-7921-2011; Eakin, C. Mark/F-5585-2010; Heron,
Scott/E-7928-2011; van Hooidonk, Ruben/F-7395-2010
OI Liu, Gang/0000-0001-8369-6805; van Hooidonk, Ruben/0000-0002-3804-1233
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) Ecology and Evolution of Infectious
Disease RCN [OCE-1215977]; NOAA Climate Programme Office
[NA13OAR4310127]; NOAA NMFS Salt-onstall Kennedy programme
[NA14NMF4270044]; NOAA CRCP; CIMAS/UM
FX This study was primarily made possible by a National Science Foundation
(NSF) Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease RCN (grant no.
OCE-1215977) to C.D.H (among others), a NOAA Climate Programme Office
grant (NA13OAR4310127) to C.D.H., on-going support for lobster research
led by J.D.S. from the NOAA NMFS Salt-onstall Kennedy programme
(NA14NMF4270044), and the NOAA CRCP funding that supports the NOAA CRW
programme and R.v.H. at NOAA AOML and CIMAS/UM.
NR 82
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 19
U2 44
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8436
EI 1471-2970
J9 PHILOS T R SOC B
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD MAR 5
PY 2016
VL 371
IS 1689
AR 20150208
DI 10.1098/rstb.2015.0208
PG 11
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA DF2CU
UT WOS:000371148300006
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, DA
Miller, SA
Raithel, G
Gordon, JA
Butler, ML
Holloway, CL
AF Anderson, D. A.
Miller, S. A.
Raithel, G.
Gordon, J. A.
Butler, M. L.
Holloway, C. L.
TI Optical Measurements of Strong Microwave Fields with Rydberg Atoms in a
Vapor Cell
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
LA English
DT Article
AB We present a spectral analysis of Rydberg atoms in strong microwave fields using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) as an all-optical readout. The measured spectroscopic response enables optical, atom-based electric-field measurements of high-power microwaves. In our experiments, microwaves are irradiated into a room-temperature rubidium vapor cell. The microwaves are tuned near the two-photon 65D-66D Rydberg transition and reach an electric-field strength of 230 V/m, about 20% of the microwave-ionization threshold of these atoms. A Floquet treatment is used to model the Rydberg-level energies and their excitation rates. We arrive at an empirical model for the field-strength distribution inside the spectroscopic cell that yields excellent overall agreement between the measured and calculated Rydberg EIT-Floquet spectra. Using spectral features in the Floquet maps, we achieve an absolute strong-field measurement precision of 6%.
C1 [Anderson, D. A.; Miller, S. A.; Raithel, G.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Gordon, J. A.; Butler, M. L.; Holloway, C. L.] US Dept Commerce, NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Anderson, D. A.] Rydberg Technol LLC, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
RP Anderson, DA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.; Anderson, DA (reprint author), Rydberg Technol LLC, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
FU AFOSR [FA9550-10-1-0453]; DARPA's QuASAR program
FX This work is supported by the AFOSR (FA9550-10-1-0453) and DARPA's
QuASAR program.
NR 18
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2331-7019
J9 PHYS REV APPL
JI Phys. Rev. Appl.
PD MAR 4
PY 2016
VL 5
IS 3
AR 034003
DI 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.5.034003
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DF5WF
UT WOS:000371422600002
ER
PT J
AU Cox, KC
Greve, GP
Weiner, JM
Thompson, JK
AF Cox, Kevin C.
Greve, Graham P.
Weiner, Joshua M.
Thompson, James K.
TI Deterministic Squeezed States with Collective Measurements and Feedback
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID STANDARD QUANTUM LIMIT; PROJECTION NOISE; ENTANGLEMENT; TELEPORTATION;
SPECTROSCOPY; ATOMS; TIMES
AB We demonstrate the creation of entangled, spin-squeezed states using a collective, or joint, measurement and real-time feedback. The pseudospin state of an ensemble of N = 5 x 10(4) laser-cooled Rb-87 atoms is deterministically driven to a specified population state with angular resolution that is a factor of 5.5(8) [7.4 (6) dB] in variance below the standard quantum limit for unentangled atoms-comparable to the best enhancements using only unitary evolution. Without feedback, conditioning on the outcome of the joint premeasurement, we directly observe up to 59(8) times [17.7(6) dB] improvement in quantum phase variance relative to the standard quantum limit for N = 4 x 10(5) atoms. This is one of the largest reported entanglement enhancements to date in any system.
C1 [Cox, Kevin C.] NIST, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Cox, KC (reprint author), NIST, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU NIST; DARPA QuASAR; ARO; National Science Foundation [1125844]; NDSEG
fellowship
FX We thank Elissa Picozzi for construction of the homodyne detector and
Matthew A. Norcia for helpful discussions. This work is supported by
NIST, DARPA QuASAR, ARO, and by the National Science Foundation under
Grant No. 1125844. K. C. C. acknowledges support from the NDSEG
fellowship.
NR 47
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 15
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD MAR 4
PY 2016
VL 116
IS 9
AR 093602
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.093602
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DF5VM
UT WOS:000371420600006
PM 26991175
ER
PT J
AU Allison, TC
AF Allison, Thomas C.
TI Application of an Artificial Neural Network to the Prediction of OH
Radical Reaction Rate Constants for Evaluating Global Warming Potential
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID BOND-DISSOCIATION ENTHALPIES; TRANSITION-STATE-THEORY; GAS-PHASE
REACTIONS; MOLECULAR-ORBITAL CALCULATIONS; HYDROGEN ABSTRACTION
REACTION; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; RATE COEFFICIENTS; HYDROXYL RADICALS;
TROPOSPHERIC DEGRADATION; ABIOTIC DEGRADABILITY
AB Rate constants for reactions of chemical compounds with hydroxyl radical are a key quantity used in evaluating the global warming potential of a substance. Experimental determination of these rate constants is essential, but it can also be difficult and time-consuming to produce. High-level quantum chemistry predictions of the rate constant can suffer from the same issues. Therefore, it is valuable to devise estimation schemes that can give reasonable results on a variety of chemical compounds. In this article, the construction and training of an artificial neural network (ANN) for the prediction of rate constants at 298 K for reactions of hydroxyl radical with a diverse set of molecules is described. Input to the ANN consists of counts of the chemical bonds and bends present in the target molecule. The ANN is trained using 792 (OH)-O-center dot reaction rate constants taken from the NIST Chemical Kinetics Database. The mean unsigned percent error (MUPE) for the training set is 12%, and the MUPE of the testing set is 51%. It is shown that the present methodology yields rate constants of reasonable accuracy for a diverse set of inputs. The results are compared to high-quality literature values and to another estimation scheme. This ANN methodology is expected to be of use in a wide range of applications for which (OH)-O-center dot reaction rate constants are required. The model uses only information that can be gathered from a 2D representation of the molecule, making the present approach particularly appealing, especially for screening applications.
C1 [Allison, Thomas C.] NIST, Chem Informat Res Grp, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8320, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Allison, TC (reprint author), NIST, Chem Informat Res Grp, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8320, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM thomas.allison@nist.gov
NR 76
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD MAR 3
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 8
BP 1854
EP 1863
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b09558
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA DF7UI
UT WOS:000371562700051
PM 26684219
ER
PT J
AU Chiang, WS
Fratini, E
Baglioni, P
Georgi, D
Chen, JH
Liu, Y
AF Chiang, Wei-Shan
Fratini, Emiliano
Baglioni, Piero
Georgi, Daniel
Chen, Jin-Hong
Liu, Yun
TI Methane Adsorption in Model Mesoporous Material, SBA-15, Studied by
Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; ARGON ADSORPTION; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS;
MOLECULAR-SIEVES; GAS-ADSORPTION; BARNETT SHALE; PORE-SIZE; MCM-41;
SILICA; WATER
AB The understanding of methane adsorption is important for many industrial applications, especially for the shale gas production, where it is critical to understand the adsorption/desorption of methane in pores even as small as a few nanometers. Using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), we have studied the adsorption of deuterated methane (CD4) into one model mesoporous material, SBA-15, with pore diameter approximately 6.8 nm at the temperature range from 20 to 295 K at low pressure (approximate to 100 kPa). A new scattering model is developed to analyze the SANS patterns of gas adsorption in SBA-15. The surface roughness of the SBA-15 matrix is estimated. The gas adsorption behaviors on the surface regions are extracted from the fitting. The rough surface of the pores is found to retain a large amount of CD4 at the temperature above the capillary condensation temperature (T-c). At temperatures below T-c, the confined liquid and solid methane are estimated to be less dense than the corresponding bulk liquid and solid methane. Detailed theoretical analysis and experimental verification also show that SANS patterns at temperatures higher than T-c are much more sensitive to the change of the excess adsorption, epsilon(ads), rather than the average density of adsorbed layers commonly used in many studies. The model we establish can be used to analyze future SANS/SAXS data for gas confined in similar model porous materials.
C1 [Chiang, Wei-Shan; Liu, Yun] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chiang, Wei-Shan; Liu, Yun] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Fratini, Emiliano; Baglioni, Piero] Univ Florence, Dept Chem Ugo Schiff, Via Lastruccia 3 Sesto Fiorentino, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
[Fratini, Emiliano; Baglioni, Piero] Univ Florence, CSGI, Via Lastruccia 3 Sesto Fiorentino, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
[Georgi, Daniel; Chen, Jin-Hong] Aramco Serv Co, Aramco Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77084 USA.
RP Liu, Y (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Liu, Y (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.; Chen, JH (reprint author), Aramco Serv Co, Aramco Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77084 USA.
EM jinhong.chen@aramcoservices.com; yunliu@nist.gov
RI Liu, Yun/F-6516-2012; Baglioni, Piero/B-1208-2011
OI Liu, Yun/0000-0002-0944-3153; Baglioni, Piero/0000-0003-1312-8700
FU NIST, U.S. Department of Commerce [70NANB12H239, 70NANB10H256]; Aramco
Services Company; National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]; CSGI
FX The authors acknowledge useful discussions with William Ratcliff, Daniel
Siderius, William Krekelberg, and Vincent Shen. We also thank Ronald
Jones, Kathleen Weigandt, Tanya Dax, and Alan Ye for the nSoft beamline
support. Further, Dr. Jorge Tovar is acknowledged for help with sorption
isotherm experiments. YL acknowledges the partial support of cooperative
agreements 70NANB12H239 and 70NANB10H256 from NIST, U.S. Department of
Commerce. This work was funded in part by Aramco Services Company and
utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation
under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. EF and PB kindly acknowledge CSGI for
partial financial support.
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 11
U2 25
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD MAR 3
PY 2016
VL 120
IS 8
BP 4354
EP 4363
DI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b10688
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DF7UB
UT WOS:000371562000022
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, JJ
Best, BD
Mannocci, L
Fujioka, E
Halpin, PN
Palka, DL
Garrison, LP
Mullin, KD
Cole, TVN
Khan, CB
McLellan, WA
Pabst, DA
Lockhart, GG
AF Roberts, Jason J.
Best, Benjamin D.
Mannocci, Laura
Fujioka, Ei
Halpin, Patrick N.
Palka, Debra L.
Garrison, Lance P.
Mullin, Keith D.
Cole, Timothy V. N.
Khan, Christin B.
McLellan, William A.
Pabst, D. Ann
Lockhart, Gwen G.
TI Habitat-based cetacean density models for the US Atlantic and Gulf of
Mexico
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE MAMMALS; SUBMARINE-CANYON; SPATIAL MODELS; WHALES; ABUNDANCE;
MANAGEMENT; WATERS; RESPONSES; OCEAN
AB Cetaceans are protected worldwide but vulnerable to incidental harm from an expanding array of human activities at sea. Managing potential hazards to these highly-mobile populations increasingly requires a detailed understanding of their seasonal distributions and habitats. Pursuant to the urgent need for this knowledge for the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico, we integrated 23 years of aerial and shipboard cetacean surveys, linked them to environmental covariates obtained from remote sensing and ocean models, and built habitat-based density models for 26 species and 3 multi-species guilds using distance sampling methodology. In the Atlantic, for 11 well-known species, model predictions resembled seasonal movement patterns previously suggested in the literature. For these we produced monthly mean density maps. For lesser-known taxa, and in the Gulf of Mexico, where seasonal movements were less well described, we produced year-round mean density maps. The results revealed high regional differences in small delphinoid densities, confirmed the importance of the continental slope to large delphinoids and of canyons and seamounts to beaked and sperm whales, and quantified seasonal shifts in the densities of migratory baleen whales. The density maps, freely available online, are the first for these regions to be published in the peer-reviewed literature.
C1 [Roberts, Jason J.; Best, Benjamin D.; Mannocci, Laura; Fujioka, Ei; Halpin, Patrick N.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Marine Geospatial Ecol Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Best, Benjamin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Palka, Debra L.; Cole, Timothy V. N.; Khan, Christin B.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Garrison, Lance P.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL USA.
[Mullin, Keith D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pascagoula, MS USA.
[McLellan, William A.; Pabst, D. Ann] Univ N Carolina, Biol & Marine Biol, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA.
[Lockhart, Gwen G.] Virginia Aquarium & Marine Sci Ctr, Virginia Beach, VA USA.
RP Roberts, JJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Marine Geospatial Ecol Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM jason.roberts@duke.edu
FU CNES; U.S. Navy Fleet Forces Command; NASA [NNX08AK73G]; Virginia
Coastal Zone Management Program at the Department of Environmental
Quality through Task 1 of Grant [NA12NOS4190027]; NOAA [NA13NOS4190135]
FX Above all, we thank the observers, scientists, engineers, pilots,
captains, and crews who collected and shared cetacean and remote sensing
observations with us; thank you for the opportunity to analyze the data
you produced. Amy Whitt, Suzanne Bates, and Gary Buchanan contributed
the NJ-DEP surveys. Phil Hammond, Claire Lacey and colleagues
contributed the SCANS and CODA surveys. Vincent Ridoux and colleagues
contributed the REMMOA surveys. Odd Aksel Bergstad, Thomas de Lange
Wenneck, Leif Nottestad, and Gordon Waring contributed the MAR-ECO
survey under the Norwegian License for Open Government data (NLOD). The
altimeter products used in this analysis were produced by SSALTO/DUACS
and distributed by AVISO, with support from CNES
(http://www.aviso.altimetry.fr/duacs/). Dudley Chelton, Michael Schlax,
and colleagues contributed a database of geostrophic eddies detected in
the AVISO data. Stephane Maritorena and Erik Fields contributed
satellite chlorophyll data from the Ocean Color MEaSUREs project
(http://wiki.icess.ucsb.edu/measures/Products). Patrick Lehodey, Beatriz
Calmettes, and colleagues contributed zooplankton and micronekton
results from the SEAPODYM ocean model. Thanks to our colleagues for
review and advice, especially Susan Barco, Elizabeth Becker, Danielle
Cholewiak, Peter Corkeron, Andrew DiMatteo, Megan Ferguson, Karin
Forney, Jim Hain, Jolie Harrison, Leila Hatch, Dave Johnston, Elizabeth
Josephson, Erin LaBrecque, David L. Miller, Doug Nowacek, Joel
Ortega-Ortiz, Richard Pace, Rui Prieto, Andy Read, Denise Risch, Jooke
Robbins, Rob Schick, Doug Sigourney, Melissa Soldevilla, Joy
Stanistreet, Len Thomas, Kim Urian, Sofie Van Parijs, Danielle Waples,
and Simon Wood. Funding for this analysis was provided by the U.S. Navy
Fleet Forces Command and by NASA (Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number
NNX08AK73G). The VAMSC aerial surveys were funded by the Virginia
Coastal Zone Management Program at the Department of Environmental
Quality through Task 1 of Grant NA12NOS4190027 and Task 95.02 of Grant
NA13NOS4190135 from NOAA, under the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972,
as amended. The NOAA GOM aerial and ship surveys were primarily
conducted under inter-agency agreements between SEFSC and BOEM Gulf of
Mexico Region (numbers 16197, 1445-IA09-96-0009, and 15958). The UNCW
Navy surveys were funded by U.S. Navy Fleet Forces Command with Joel
Bell as the COTR. The UNCW right whale surveys were funded by NOAA. The
Navy was given the opportunity to suggest spatial, temporal, and
taxonomical resolutions and a geographic extent that would facilitate
the Navy's use of the results in U.S. environmental regulatory
processes. When the analysis was complete, the Navy was given
opportunity to view preliminary results. No funders, including the Navy,
participated in the analysis of the data or the preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 26
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD MAR 3
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 22615
DI 10.1038/srep22615
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DF3AB
UT WOS:000371215000001
PM 26936335
ER
PT J
AU Ozcam, AE
Efimenko, K
Spontak, RJ
Fischer, DA
Genzer, J
AF Oezcam, A. Evren
Efimenko, Kirill
Spontak, Richard J.
Fischer, Daniel A.
Genzer, Jan
TI Multipurpose Polymeric Coating for Functionalizing Inert Polymer
Surfaces
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE silicones; ultraviolet/ozone treatment; surface modification;
trichlorosilane; PVMS; NEXAFS; semifluorinated; PET
ID RAY-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS;
ULTRAVIOLET/OZONE TREATMENT; POLY(DIMETHYL SILOXANE);
MOLECULAR-ORIENTATION; NEXAFS; SOFT; POLY(ETHYLENE-TEREPHTHALATE);
PRECURSORS; GENERATION
AB In this work, we report on the development of a highly functionalizable polymer coating prepared by the chemical coupling of trichlorosilane (TCS) to the vinyl groups of poly(vinylmethyl siloxane) (PVMS). The resultant PVMS-TCS copolymer can be coated as a functional organic primer layer on a variety of polymeric substrates, ranging from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. Several case studies demonstrating the remarkable and versatile properties of PVMS-TCS coatings are presented. In particular, PVMS-TCS is found to serve as a convenient precursor for the deposition of organosilanes and the subsequent growth of polymer brushes, even on hydrophobic surfaces, such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) and polypropylene. In this study, the physical and chemical characteristics of these versatile PVMS-TCS coatings are interrogated by an arsenal of experimental probes, including scanning electron microscopy, water contact-angle measurements, ellipsometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy.
C1 [Oezcam, A. Evren; Efimenko, Kirill; Spontak, Richard J.; Genzer, Jan] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Spontak, Richard J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Box 7907, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Fischer, Daniel A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Oezcam, A. Evren] 3 M Purificat Inc, Ctr 3 M, St Paul, MN 55144 USA.
RP Genzer, J (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM Jan_Genzer@ncsu.edu
FU United Resource Recovery Corporation; U.S. Department of Energy,
Division of Materials Sciences and Division of Chemical Sciences; Office
of Naval Research
FX This study was supported by the United Resource Recovery Corporation and
the Office of Naval Research. The NEXAFS spectroscopy experiments were
conducted at the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Division of Materials Sciences and Division of Chemical Sciences.
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 18
U2 37
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD MAR 2
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 8
BP 5694
EP 5705
DI 10.1021/acsami.5b12216
PG 12
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DF6GJ
UT WOS:000371453600075
PM 26814561
ER
PT J
AU Lester, LA
Ramirez, MG
Kneidel, AH
Heckscher, CM
AF Lester, Lori A.
Ramirez, Mariamar Gutierrez
Kneidel, Alan H.
Heckscher, Christopher M.
TI Use of a Florida Gulf Coast Barrier Island by Spring Trans-Gulf Migrants
and the Projected Effects of Sea Level Rise on Habitat Availability
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID STOPOVER SITE; OF-MEXICO; MIGRATION; BIRDS; SONGBIRD; WIND
AB Barrier islands on the north coast of the Gulf of Mexico are an internationally important coastal resource. Each spring hundreds of thousands of Nearctic-Neotropical songbirds crossing the Gulf of Mexico during spring migration use these islands because they provide the first landfall for individuals following a trans-Gulf migratory route. The effects of climate change, particularly sea level rise, may negatively impact habitat availability for migrants on barrier islands. Our objectives were (1) to confirm the use of St. George Island, Florida by trans-Gulf migrants and (2) to determine whether forested stopover habitat will be available for migrants on St. George Island following sea level rise. We used avian transect data, geographic information systems, remote sensing, and simulation modelling to investigate the potential effects of three different sea level rise scenarios (0.28 m, 0.82 m, and 2 m) on habitat availability for trans-Gulf migrants. We found considerable use of the island by spring trans-Gulf migrants. Migrants were most abundant in areas with low elevation, high canopy height, and high coverage of forests and scrub/shrub. A substantial percentage of forest (44%) will be lost by 2100 assuming moderate sea level rise (0.82 m). Thus, as sea level rise progresses, less forests will be available for migrants during stopover. Many migratory bird species' populations are declining, and degradation of barrier island stopover habitat may further increase the cost of migration for many individuals. To preserve this coastal resource, conservation and wise management of migratory stopover areas, especially near ecological barriers like the Gulf of Mexico, will be essential as sea levels rise.
C1 [Lester, Lori A.; Ramirez, Mariamar Gutierrez; Kneidel, Alan H.; Heckscher, Christopher M.] Delaware State Univ, NOAA Environm Cooperat Sci Ctr, Dept Agr & Nat Resources, Dover, DE USA.
RP Lester, LA (reprint author), Delaware State Univ, NOAA Environm Cooperat Sci Ctr, Dept Agr & Nat Resources, Dover, DE USA.
EM lorilester@gmail.com
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Education's
Educational Partnership Program award [NA11SEC4810001]
FX This project was made possible by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Office of Education's Educational Partnership Program
award (NA11SEC4810001). The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 24
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD MAR 2
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 3
AR e0148975
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0148975
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DG0AN
UT WOS:000371724200014
PM 26934343
ER
PT J
AU Goldfeder, RL
Priest, JR
Zook, JM
Grove, ME
Waggott, D
Wheeler, MT
Salit, M
Ashley, EA
AF Goldfeder, Rachel L.
Priest, James R.
Zook, Justin M.
Grove, Megan E.
Waggott, Daryl
Wheeler, Matthew T.
Salit, Marc
Ashley, Euan A.
TI Medical implications of technical accuracy in genome sequencing
SO GENOME MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID WHOLE-EXOME CAPTURE; CLINICAL-APPLICATIONS; DE-NOVO; VARIANTS;
IDENTIFICATION; SENSITIVITY; MUTATION; PERFORMANCE; ANNOTATION;
DIAGNOSIS
AB Background: As whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) transition from research tools to clinical diagnostic tests, it is increasingly critical for sequencing methods and analysis pipelines to be technically accurate. The Genome in a Bottle Consortium has recently published a set of benchmark SNV, indel, and homozygous reference genotypes for the pilot whole genome NIST Reference Material based on the NA12878 genome.
Methods: We examine the relationship between human genome complexity and genes/variants reported to be associated with human disease. Specifically, we map regions of medical relevance to benchmark regions of high or low confidence. We use benchmark data to assess the sensitivity and positive predictive value of two representative sequencing pipelines for specific classes of variation.
Results: We observe that the accuracy of a variant call depends on the genomic region, variant type, and read depth, and varies by analytical pipeline. We find that most false negative WGS calls result from filtering while most false negative WES variants relate to poor coverage. We find that only 74.6 % of the exonic bases in ClinVar and OMIM genes and 82.1 % of the exonic bases in ACMG-reportable genes are found in high-confidence regions. Only 990 genes in the genome are found entirely within high-confidence regions while 593 of 3,300 ClinVar/OMIM genes have less than 50 % of their total exonic base pairs in high-confidence regions. We find greater than 77 % of the pathogenic or likely pathogenic SNVs currently in ClinVar fall within high-confidence regions. We identify sites that are prone to sequencing errors, including thousands present in publicly available variant databases. Finally, we examine the clinical impact of mandatory reporting of secondary findings, highlighting a false positive variant found in BRCA2.
Conclusions: Together, these data illustrate the importance of appropriate use and continued improvement of technical benchmarks to ensure accurate and judicious interpretation of next-generation DNA sequencing results in the clinical setting.
C1 [Goldfeder, Rachel L.; Grove, Megan E.; Waggott, Daryl; Wheeler, Matthew T.; Ashley, Euan A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Zook, Justin M.; Salit, Marc] NIST, Genome Scale Measurements Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Goldfeder, Rachel L.; Priest, James R.; Grove, Megan E.; Waggott, Daryl; Wheeler, Matthew T.; Ashley, Euan A.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Ctr Inherited Cardiovasc Dis, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ashley, Euan A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Priest, James R.] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Ashley, EA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Ashley, EA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Ctr Inherited Cardiovasc Dis, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Ashley, EA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM euan@stanford.edu
FU Pediatric Scientist Development Program (NIH-NICHD) [K12-HD000850];
National Library of Medicine Training Grant [T15 LM7033]; NSF graduate
research fellowship
FX We thank Jiang Tao and colleagues at the Garvan Institute of Medical
Research for contributing the exome sequencing data used in this work to
the Genome in a Bottle Consortium. Certain commercial equipment,
instruments, or materials are identified in this report to specify
adequately the experimental procedure. Such identification does not
imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or
equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
JRP is supported by the Pediatric Scientist Development Program,
(NIH-NICHD K12-HD000850). RLG is supported by the National Library of
Medicine Training Grant T15 LM7033 and an NSF graduate research
fellowship. MEG's current address is Stanford Health Care, Stanford,
California. The information presented represents the author's own views
and does not necessarily represent the views of Stanford Hospital and
Clinics, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital and/or Stanford University
or its affiliates.
NR 49
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 9
U2 18
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1756-994X
J9 GENOME MED
JI Genome Med.
PD MAR 2
PY 2016
VL 8
AR 24
DI 10.1186/s13073-016-0269-0
PG 12
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA DF0CQ
UT WOS:000371007000001
PM 26932475
ER
PT J
AU Triki, HZ
Laabir, M
Moeller, P
Chomerat, N
Daly-Yahia, OK
AF Triki, Habiba Zmerli
Laabir, Mohamed
Moeller, Peter
Chomerat, Nicolas
Daly-Yahia, Ons Kefi
TI First report of goniodomin A production by the dinoflagellate
Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax developing in southern Mediterranean
(Bizerte Lagoon, Tunisia)
SO TOXICON
LA English
DT Article
DE Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax; Goniodomin A; Mediterranean sea;
Morphology; Phylogeny
ID POTENTIALLY TOXIC DINOFLAGELLATE; LIFE-HISTORY; POLYETHER MACROLIDE;
GENUS ALEXANDRIUM; UNITED-STATES; RESTING CYSTS; COAST; PSEUDOGONIAULAX;
DINOPHYCEAE; MONILATUM
AB The dinoflagellate Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax is widely distributed around the world including the Mediterranean waters. The objectives of this study were to determine the morphology and phylogenic affiliation of A. pseudogonyaulax strain isolated from Bizerte Lagoon (Mediterranean waters, Tunisia) and investigate its toxicity. Molecular analyses confirmed the morphological identification of the isolated strain (APBZ12) as A. pseudogonyaulax. Moreover, it showed that it is 100% identical with strains of this species found in New Zealand, Japan, China and North Sea (Norway and Denmark) suggesting that this species is cosmopolitan. Until now, no toxin studies have been conducted on fully characterized (morphologically and molecularly) A. pseudogonyaulax. Cellular toxin production was determined using high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). Results showed for the first time that A. pseudogonyaulax contains goniodomin A (GDA), a highly toxic. macrolide polyether previously shown to be produced by two other dinoflagellate species Alexandrium monilatum (Hsia et al., 2006) and Alexandrium hiranoi (erroneously identified as A. pseudogonyaulax in Murakami et al., 1988) in American and Japanese waters, respectively. This biologically active toxin has been associated over decades with fish mortality. Our study showed that the cell extracts of APBZ12 showed an important bioactivity using GH4C1 rat pituitary cytotoxicity bioassay. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Triki, Habiba Zmerli; Daly-Yahia, Ons Kefi] Carthage Univ, IRESA, INAT, UR Marine Biol FST El Manar I, 43 Ave Charles Nicolle, Tunis 1082, Tunisia.
[Laabir, Mohamed] Univ Montpellier, IRD, IFREMER, UMR 9190,MARBEC,CNRS, Pl Eugene Bataillon,Case 093, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France.
[Moeller, Peter] NOAA, Toxin Nat Prod Chem Program, Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Chomerat, Nicolas] Stn Biol Marine, Lab Environm & Ressources Bretagne Occidentale, IFREMER, Pl Croix, F-29900 Concarneau, France.
RP Triki, HZ (reprint author), Carthage Univ, IRESA, INAT, UR Marine Biol FST El Manar I, 43 Ave Charles Nicolle, Tunis 1082, Tunisia.
EM bibarouma@hotmail.fr
FU JEAI ECOBIZ (Jeune Equipe Associee, Ecologie de la lagune de Bizerte)
program; LMI COSYS-MED - IRD (Institut Francais pour la Recherche et le
Developpement); LAGUNTOX project - TOTAL Foundation; IRD; Toxin/Natural
Products Chemistry Program (NOAA, USA)
FX This work benefitted from financial supports of the JEAI ECOBIZ (Jeune
Equipe Associee, Ecologie de la lagune de Bizerte) program and LMI
COSYS-MED funded by IRD (Institut Francais pour la Recherche et le
Developpement) and from LAGUNTOX project funded by TOTAL Foundation.
Thanks to IRD for funding M. LAABIR stay in Tunisia. The Toxin/Natural
Products Chemistry Program (NOAA, USA) provided support and analysis of
toxins. The authors wish to thank G. Bilien for DNA amplification and
sequencing.
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0041-0101
J9 TOXICON
JI Toxicon
PD MAR 1
PY 2016
VL 111
BP 91
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.12.018
PG 9
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA DZ9JB
UT WOS:000386190100014
ER
PT J
AU Martinez-Urtaza, J
Trinanes, J
Gonzalez-Escalona, N
Baker-Austin, C
AF Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime
Trinanes, Joaquin
Gonzalez-Escalona, Narjol
Baker-Austin, Craig
TI Is El Nino a long-distance corridor for waterborne disease?
SO NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID CHOLERA; VIBRIO; DISSEMINATION; EMERGENCE; AMERICA
AB The apparent emergence of new and devastating Vibrio diseases in Latin America during significant El Nino events is striking. New microbiological, genomic and bioinformatic tools are providing us with evidence that El Nino may represent a long-distance corridor for waterborne diseases into the Americas from Asia.
C1 [Martinez-Urtaza, Jaime] Univ Bath, Dept Biol & Biochem, Milner Ctr Evolut, Bath BA2 7AY, Somerset, England.
[Trinanes, Joaquin] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Trinanes, Joaquin] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Technol Res Inst, Lab Syst, Campus Univ Sur, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain.
[Trinanes, Joaquin] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Gonzalez-Escalona, Narjol] US FDA, Mol Methods & Subtyping Branch, Div Microbiol, Off Regulatory Sci,Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Baker-Austin, Craig] CEFAS, Weymouth DT4 8UB, Dorset, England.
RP Martinez-Urtaza, J (reprint author), Univ Bath, Dept Biol & Biochem, Milner Ctr Evolut, Bath BA2 7AY, Somerset, England.
EM J.L.Martinez-Urtaza@bath.ac.uk
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 2
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
EI 2058-5276
J9 NAT MICROBIOL
JI NAT. MICROBIOL
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 1
IS 3
AR 16018
DI 10.1038/NMICROBIOL.2016.18
PG 3
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA DW4HU
UT WOS:000383604600013
PM 27572176
ER
PT J
AU Wigington, CH
Sonderegger, D
Brussaard, CPD
Buchan, A
Finke, JF
Fuhrman, JA
Lennon, JT
Middelboe, M
Suttle, CA
Stock, C
Wilson, WH
Wommack, EK
Wilhelm, SW
Weitz, JS
AF Wigington, Charles H.
Sonderegger, Derek
Brussaard, Corina P. D.
Buchan, Alison
Finke, Jan F.
Fuhrman, Jed A.
Lennon, Jay T.
Middelboe, Mathias
Suttle, Curtis A.
Stock, Charles
Wilson, William H.
Wommack, K. Eric
Wilhelm, Steven W.
Weitz, Joshua S.
TI Re-examination of the relationship between marine virus and microbial
cell abundances
SO NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN; ECOSYSTEMS; INFECTION; PARTICLES; DIVERSITY; BACTERIA; STRAINS;
DRIVEN; SEA
AB Marine viruses are critical drivers of ocean biogeochemistry, and their abundances vary spatiotemporally in the global oceans, with upper estimates exceeding 10(8) per ml. Over many years, a consensus has emerged that virus abundances are typically tenfold higher than microbial cell abundances. However, the true explanatory power of a linear relationship and its robustness across diverse ocean environments is unclear. Here, we compile 5,671 microbial cell and virus abundance estimates from 25 distinct marine surveys and find substantial variation in the virus-to-microbial cell ratio, in which a 10: 1 model has either limited or no explanatory power. Instead, virus abundances are better described as nonlinear, power-law functions of microbial cell abundances. The fitted scaling exponents are typically less than 1, implying that the virus-to-microbial cell ratio decreases with microbial cell density, rather than remaining fixed. The observed scaling also implies that viral effect sizes derived from 'representative' abundances require substantial refinement to be extrapolated to regional or global scales.
C1 [Wigington, Charles H.; Weitz, Joshua S.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Sonderegger, Derek] No Arizona Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Brussaard, Corina P. D.] Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res NIOZ, Dept Biol Oceanog, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.
[Brussaard, Corina P. D.] Univ Amsterdam, Dept Aquat Microbiol, IBED, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Buchan, Alison; Wilhelm, Steven W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Finke, Jan F.; Suttle, Curtis A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Fuhrman, Jed A.] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Lennon, Jay T.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Middelboe, Mathias] Univ Copenhagen, Marine Biol Sect, Dept Biol, DK-3000 Helsingor, Denmark.
[Suttle, Curtis A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Suttle, Curtis A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Suttle, Curtis A.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Program Integrated Microbial Divers, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
[Stock, Charles] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Wilson, William H.] Sir Alister Hardy Fdn Ocean Sci, The Lab, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, Devon, England.
[Wommack, K. Eric] Delaware Biotechnol Inst, Plant & Soil Sci, Delaware Technol Pk, Newark, DE 19711 USA.
[Weitz, Joshua S.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Weitz, JS (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; Wilhelm, SW (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.; Weitz, JS (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM wilhelm@utk.edu; jsweitz@gatech.edu
OI Buchan, Alison/0000-0001-7420-985X; Suttle, Curtis/0000-0002-0372-0033
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [OCE-1233760, OCE-1061352]; Career
Award at the Scientific Interface from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund;
Simons Foundation SCOPE grant; National Science Foundation through NSF
Award [DBI-1300426]; University of Tennessee, Knoxville
FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grants
OCE-1233760 (to J.S.W.) and OCE-1061352 (to A.B. and S.W.W.), a Career
Award at the Scientific Interface from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund (to
J.S.W.) and a Simons Foundation SCOPE grant (to J.S.W.). This work was
conducted as part of the Ocean Viral Dynamics Working Group at the
National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, sponsored
by the National Science Foundation through NSF Award DBI-1300426, with
additional support from The University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
NR 44
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 16
U2 16
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
EI 2058-5276
J9 NAT MICROBIOL
JI NAT. MICROBIOL
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 1
IS 3
AR 15024
DI 10.1038/NMICROBIOL.2015.24
PG 8
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA DW4HU
UT WOS:000383604600002
PM 27572161
ER
PT J
AU King, R
McClintock, BT
Kidney, D
Borchers, D
AF King, Ruth
McClintock, Brett T.
Kidney, Darren
Borchers, David
TI CAPTURE-RECAPTURE ABUNDANCE ESTIMATION USING A SEMI-COMPLETE DATA
LIKELIHOOD APPROACH
SO ANNALS OF APPLIED STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE BUGS; capture-recapture; closed populations; individual heterogeneity;
JAGS; spatially explicit
ID CLOSED POPULATION; MIXTURE-MODELS; MARK-RECAPTURE; SIZE; HETEROGENEITY;
INTEGRATION; INFERENCE; RATES
AB Capture-recapture data are often collected when abundance estimation is of interest. In this manuscript we focus on abundance estimation of closed populations. In the presence of unobserved individual heterogeneity, specified on a continuous scale for the capture probabilities, the likelihood is not generally available in closed form, but expressible only as an analytically intractable integral. Model-fitting algorithms to estimate abundance most notably include a numerical approximation for the likelihood or use of a Bayesian data augmentation technique considering the complete data likelihood. We consider a Bayesian hybrid approach, defining a "semi-complete" data likelihood, composed of the product of a complete data likelihood component for individuals seen at least once within the study and a marginal data likelihood component for the individuals not seen within the study, approximated using numerical integration. This approach combines the advantages of the two different approaches, with the semi-complete likelihood component specified as a single integral (over the dimension of the individual heterogeneity component). In addition, the models can be fitted within BUGS/JAGS (commonly used for the Bayesian complete data likelihood approach) but with significantly improved computational efficiency compared to the commonly used superpopulation data augmentation approaches (between about 10 and 77 times more efficient in the two examples we consider). The semicomplete likelihood approach is flexible and applicable to a range of models, including spatially explicit capture-recapture models. The model-fitting approach is applied to two different data sets: the first relates to snowshoe hares where model M-h is applied and the second to gibbons where a spatially explicit capture-recapture model is applied.
C1 [King, Ruth] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Math, James Clerk Maxwell Bldg,Kings Bldg, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, Midlothian, Scotland.
[McClintock, Brett T.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Kidney, Darren; Borchers, David] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
[Kidney, Darren; Borchers, David] Univ St Andrews, Sch Math & Stat, Observ, Buchanan Gardens, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
RP King, R (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch Math, James Clerk Maxwell Bldg,Kings Bldg, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM Ruth.King@ed.ac.uk; Brett.McClintock@noaa.gov;
darrenkidney@googlemail.com; dlb@st-andrews.ac.uk
FU EPSRC [EP/I000917/1]
FX Supported in part by EPSRC Grant EP/I000917/1.
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 4
PU INST MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS
PI CLEVELAND
PA 3163 SOMERSET DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA
SN 1932-6157
J9 ANN APPL STAT
JI Ann. Appl. Stat.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 10
IS 1
BP 264
EP 285
DI 10.1214/15-AOAS890
PG 22
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA DO9OU
UT WOS:000378116900012
ER
PT J
AU Martini, KI
Stabeno, PJ
Ladd, C
Winsor, P
Weingartner, TJ
Mordy, CW
Eisner, LB
AF Martini, Kim I.
Stabeno, Phyllis J.
Ladd, Carol
Winsor, Peter
Weingartner, Thomas J.
Mordy, Calvin W.
Eisner, Lisa B.
TI Dependence of subsurface chlorophyll on seasonal water masses in the
Chukchi Sea
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID ARCTIC-OCEAN; PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS; ICE; SUMMER; CIRCULATION; SHELF;
COMMUNITIES; DYNAMICS; BEAUFORT; PACIFIC
AB During the late summer, phytoplankton in the northeastern Chukchi Sea are typically found in subsurface layers. These layers and their sensitivity to local changes in hydrography and nutrient concentrations are characterized by combining data from a high-resolution towed sampling platform with traditional shipboard observations. The replacement of surface meltwater and deeper nutrient-rich Chukchi Winter Water by northward flowing nutrient-poor Chukchi Summer Water and Remnant Winter Water leads to a net decrease in biomass and smaller phytoplankton. Between 17 and 67% of phytoplankton biomass is contained within the subsurface layers. This estimate is nearly twice as high as previous estimates from sparser shipboard data and suggests subsurface phytoplankton contribute significantly to the net biomass in the Chukchi Sea in late summer.
C1 [Martini, Kim I.; Stabeno, Phyllis J.; Ladd, Carol; Mordy, Calvin W.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Martini, Kim I.; Mordy, Calvin W.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Winsor, Peter; Weingartner, Thomas J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Maine Sci, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Eisner, Lisa B.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Martini, KI (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.; Martini, KI (reprint author), Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM kmartini@uw.edu
FU Coastal Impact Assistance Program (USFWS) [F12AF00188]; Bureau of Ocean
Energy Management (BOEM); Environmental Studies Program [M12AC00009,
M12PG00018, M10PG00050]; Bureau of Ocean Energy Management [M12PG00021];
BOEM Environmental Studies Program [AK-12-03a]; NODC; Alaska Ocean
Observing System (AOOS); BOEM; Joint Institute for the Study of the
Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [NA10OAR4320148]
FX Thanks go to the captains, crews, and scientists aboard the R/V Aquila
(ARCWEST), the Bering Explorer (Arctic Eis), and R/V Norseman II. Arctic
Eis was funded under grants including the Coastal Impact Assistance
Program (USFWS) Agreement Number F12AF00188 and the Bureau of Ocean
Energy Management (BOEM), and Environmental Studies Program Agreement
Numbers M12AC00009, M12PG00018, and M10PG00050. ARCWEST was funded by
the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management under Inter-Agency Agreement
Number M12PG00021. The Acrobat data sets used in this paper were
supported by BOEM Environmental Studies Program (AK-12-03a) and are
archived with the authors and with NODC, the Alaska Ocean Observing
System (AOOS), and BOEM. This research is contribution EcoFOCI-0858 to
NOAA's Ecosystems and Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations,
PMEL contribution 4385. This publication is partially funded by the
Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under
NOAA Cooperative Agreement NA10OAR4320148, Contribution 2469. The
authors would like to thank three anonymous reviewers whose suggestions
greatly improved this manuscript.
NR 50
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 3
BP 1755
EP 1770
DI 10.1002/2015JC011359
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DO8YY
UT WOS:000378072700014
ER
PT J
AU Wei, JW
Lee, ZP
Ondrusek, M
Mannino, A
Tzortziou, M
Armstrong, R
AF Wei, Jianwei
Lee, Zhongping
Ondrusek, Michael
Mannino, Antonio
Tzortziou, Maria
Armstrong, Roy
TI Spectral slopes of the absorption coefficient of colored dissolved and
detrital material inverted from UV-visible remote sensing reflectance
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID INHERENT OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC-MATTER CDOM; QUASI-ANALYTICAL
ALGORITHM; WATER-LEAVING RADIANCE; OCEAN COLOR; MISSISSIPPI RIVER;
ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF
AB The spectral slope of the absorption coefficient of colored dissolved and detrital material (CDM), S-cdm (units: nm(-1)), is an important optical parameter for characterizing the absorption spectral shape of CDM. Although highly variable in natural waters, in most remote sensing algorithms, this slope is either kept as a constant or empirically modeled with multiband ocean color in the visible domain. In this study, we explore the potential of semianalytically retrieving S-cdm with added ocean color information in the ultraviolet (UV) range between 360 and 400 nm. Unique features of hyperspectral remote sensing reflectance in the UV-visible wavelengths (360-500 nm) have been observed in various waters across a range of coastal and open ocean environments. Our data and analyses indicate that ocean color in the UV domain is particularly sensitive to the variation of the CDM spectral slope. Here, we used a synthesized dataset to show that adding UV wavelengths to the ocean color measurements will improve the retrieval of S-cdm from remote sensing reflectance considerably, while the spectral band settings of past and current satellite ocean color sensors cannot fully account for the spectral variation of remote sensing reflectance. Results of this effort support the concept to include UV wavelengths in the next generation of satellite ocean color sensors.
C1 [Wei, Jianwei; Lee, Zhongping] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Environm, Opt Oceanog Lab, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Ondrusek, Michael] NOAA, NESDIS Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, College Pk, MD USA.
[Mannino, Antonio] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrospher & Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Tzortziou, Maria] CUNY City Coll, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Armstrong, Roy] Univ Puerto Rico, Bioopt Oceanog Lab, Mayaguez, PR USA.
RP Wei, JW (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Environm, Opt Oceanog Lab, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
EM jianwei.wei@umb.edu
RI Ondrusek, Michael/F-5617-2010; Mannino, Antonio/I-3633-2014
OI Ondrusek, Michael/0000-0002-5311-9094;
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ocean Biology and
Biogeochemistry and Water and Energy Cycle Programs; GEO-CAPE project;
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) JPSS VIIRS Ocean
Color Cal/Val Project
FX Financial support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA) Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry and Water and Energy Cycle
Programs, the GEO-CAPE project, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) JPSS VIIRS Ocean Color Cal/Val Project is greatly
appreciated. The Rrs data in the North Pacific Gyre were collected by
Marlon Lewis at the Dalhousie University. We thank Emmanuel Boss and an
anonymous reviewer for comments and suggestions, which have improved the
manuscript.
NR 80
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 3
BP 1953
EP 1969
DI 10.1002/2015JC011415
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DO8YY
UT WOS:000378072700026
ER
PT J
AU Kang, M
Kim, S
Low, LL
AF Kang, Minho
Kim, Suam
Low, Loh-Lee
TI Genetic Stock Identification of Immature Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta)
in the Western Bering Sea, 2004
SO OCEAN SCIENCE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE chum salmon; ocean distribution; genetic stock identification (GSI);
western Bering Sea; BASIS program
ID NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA MICROARRAY; POPULATION-STRUCTURE;
BASE-LINES; RIM; MIGRATION; ACCURACY; SEQUENCE; TAGS
AB Genetic stock identification studies have been widely applied to Pacific salmon species to estimate stock composition of complex mixed-stock fisheries. In a September. October 2004 survey, 739 chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) specimens were collected from 23 stations in the western Bering Sea. We determined the genetic stock composition of immature chum salmon based on the previous mitochondria DNA baseline. Each regional estimate was computed based on the conditional maximum likelihood method using 1,000 bootstrap resampling and then pooled to the major regional groups: Korea -Japan -Primorie (KJP) / Russia (RU) / Northwest Alaska (NWA) / Alaska Peninsula-Southcentral Alaska Southeast Alaska -British Columbia -Washington (ONA). The stock composition of immature chum salmon in the western Bering Sea was a mix of 0.424 KJP, 0.421 RU, 0.116 NWA, and 0.039 ONA stocks. During the study period, the contribution of Asian chum salmon stocks gradually changed from RU to KJP stock. In addition, North American populations from NWA and ONA were small but present near the vicinity of the Russian coast and the Commander Islands, suggesting that the study areas in the western Bering Sea were an important migration route for Pacific chum salmon originating both from Asia and North America during the months of September and October. These results make it possible to better understand the chum salmon stock composition of the mixed-stock fisheries in the western Bering Sea and the stock-specific distribution pattern of chum salmon on the high-seas.
C1 [Kang, Minho; Kim, Suam] Pukyong Natl Univ, Coll Fisheries Sci, Dept Marine Biol, Busan 48513, South Korea.
[Kang, Minho] North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commiss, Vancouver, BC V6C 3B2, Canada.
[Low, Loh-Lee] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Kim, S (reprint author), Pukyong Natl Univ, Coll Fisheries Sci, Dept Marine Biol, Busan 48513, South Korea.
EM suamkim@pknu.ac.kr
FU Research Grant of Pukyong National University
FX We would like to express our thanks to the Bering-Aleutian Salmon
International Survey (BASIS) personnel for providing valuable specimens,
especially the crews of the R/V TINRO research vessel for their sampling
efforts in the high-seas. Also, we would like to acknowledge the efforts
of the scientists at the National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS)
of Korea, the Pacific Biological Station (PBS) in Canada, and the
University of Washington (UW) in contributing to our baseline and GSI
analysis. This work was supported by a Research Grant of Pukyong
National University (2015 year). Without the valuable comments of Drs.
J. Seeb (UW, USA) and T. Beacham (PBS, Canada), this paper could not
have been completed.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU KOREA OCEAN RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT INST
PI SEOUL
PA P O BOX 29, SEOUL, 425-600, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1738-5261
EI 2005-7172
J9 OCEAN SCI J
JI Ocean Sci. J.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 51
IS 2
BP 263
EP 271
DI 10.1007/s12601-016-0022-z
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DP1UP
UT WOS:000378275200009
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, JA
Carroll, EL
Smith, TD
Zerbini, AN
Patenaude, NJ
Baker, CS
AF Jackson, Jennifer A.
Carroll, Emma L.
Smith, Tim D.
Zerbini, Alexandre N.
Patenaude, Nathalie J.
Baker, C. Scott
TI An integrated approach to historical population assessment of the great
whales: case of the New Zealand southern right whale
SO ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE whaling; historical abundance; southern right whale; bottleneck;
recovery
ID FISHERIES STOCK ASSESSMENT; EUBALAENA-AUSTRALIS; GROUNDS; DIVERSITY;
WORLDWIDE; SIZE
AB Accurate estimation of historical abundance provides an essential baseline for judging the recovery of the great whales. This is particularly challenging for whales hunted prior to twentieth century modern whaling, as population-level catch records are often incomplete. Assessments of whale recovery using pre-modern exploitation indices are therefore rare, despite the intensive, global nature of nineteenth century whaling. Right whales (Eubalaena spp.) were particularly exploited: slow swimmers with strong fidelity to sheltered calving bays, the species made predictable and easy targets. Here, we present the first integrated population-level assessment of the whaling impact and pre-exploitation abundance of a right whale, the New Zealand southern right whale (E. australis). In this assessment, we use a Bayesian population dynamics model integrating multiple data sources: nineteenth century catches, genetic constraints on bottleneck size and individual sightings histories informing abundance and trend. Different catch allocation scenarios are explored to account for uncertainty in the population's offshore distribution. From a pre-exploitation abundance of 28 800-47 100 whales, nineteenth century hunting reduced the population to approximately 30-40 mature females between 1914 and 1926. Today, it stands at less than 12% of pre-exploitation abundance. Despite the challenges of reconstructing historical catches and population boundaries, conservation efforts of historically exploited species benefit from targets for ecological restoration.
C1 [Jackson, Jennifer A.] British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross,Madingley Rd, Cambridge, England.
[Carroll, Emma L.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Biol, Scottish Oceans Inst, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland.
[Smith, Tim D.] World Whaling Hist, Redding, CA USA.
[Zerbini, Alexandre N.] NOAA Fisheries, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Zerbini, Alexandre N.] Cascadia Res Collect, 218 1-2 W 4th Ave, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Zerbini, Alexandre N.] Inst Aqualie, Av Dr Paulo Japiassu Coelho,714,Sala 206, Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil.
[Patenaude, Nathalie J.] Coll Int St Anne, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Baker, C. Scott] Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
[Baker, C. Scott] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Marine Mammal Inst, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Baker, C. Scott] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Jackson, JA (reprint author), British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross,Madingley Rd, Cambridge, England.
EM jennifer.jackson@bas.ac.uk
FU New Zealand Ministry of Fisheries [ZBD200505]; Oregon State University
General Research Fund; Lenfest Ocean Program of the Pew Charitable
Trust; Marsden Grant from the Royal Society of New Zealand [01-UOA-070];
Tertiary Education Commission; Natural Environment Research Council
FX Initial funding for this study was provided by the New Zealand Ministry
of Fisheries through Project ZBD200505 to the National Institute of
Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) which supported J.A.J., an Oregon
State University General Research Fund, the Lenfest Ocean Program of the
Pew Charitable Trust and a Marsden Grant from the Royal Society of New
Zealand to C.S.B., Contract number 01-UOA-070. E.C. was supported by a
fellowship from the Tertiary Education Commission and T.S. through the
History of Marine Animal Populations (HMAP) project. This study is part
of the British Antarctic Survey Polar Science for Planet Earth
Programme, funded by the Natural Environment Research Council.
NR 61
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 10
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 2054-5703
J9 ROY SOC OPEN SCI
JI R. Soc. Open Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 3
AR 150669
DI 10.1098/rsos.150669
PG 16
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DO7NL
UT WOS:000377969200019
PM 27069657
ER
PT J
AU McClatchie, S
Field, J
Thompson, AR
Gerrodette, T
Lowry, M
Fiedler, PC
Watson, W
Nieto, KM
Vetter, RD
AF McClatchie, Sam
Field, John
Thompson, Andrew R.
Gerrodette, Tim
Lowry, Mark
Fiedler, Paul C.
Watson, William
Nieto, Karen M.
Vetter, Russell D.
TI Food limitation of sea lion pups and the decline of forage off central
and southern California
SO ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE sea lions; forage; food limitation; California Current System
ID PELAGIC JUVENILE ROCKFISH; ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; SARDINE; COLLAPSE;
ANCHOVY; DIET; EXPLOITATION; VARIABILITY; POPULATIONS; FISHERIES
AB California sea lions increased from approximately 50 000 to 340 000 animals in the last 40 years, and their pups are starving and stranding on beaches in southern California, raising questions about the adequacy of their food supply. We investigated whether the declining sea lion pup weight at San Miguel rookery was associated with changes in abundance and quality of sardine, anchovy, rockfish and market squid forage. In the last decade off central California, where breeding female sea lions from San Miguel rookery feed, sardine and anchovy greatly decreased in biomass, whereas market squid and rockfish abundance increased. Pup weights fell as forage food quality declined associated with changes in the relative abundances of forage species. A model explained 67% of the variance in pup weights using forage from central and southern California and 81% of the variance in pup weights using forage from the female sea lion foraging range. A shift from high to poor quality forage for breeding females results in food limitation of the pups, ultimately flooding animal rescue centres with starving sea lion pups. Our study is unusual in using a long-term, fishery-independent dataset to directly address an important consequence of forage decline on the productivity of a large marine predator. Whether forage declines are environmentally driven, are due to a combination of environmental drivers and fishing removals, or are due to density-dependent interactions between forage and sea lions is uncertain. However, declining forage abundance and quality was coherent over a large area (32.5-38 degrees N) for a decade, suggesting that trends in forage are environmentally driven.
C1 [McClatchie, Sam; Thompson, Andrew R.; Watson, William; Vetter, Russell D.] NOAA Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Gerrodette, Tim; Lowry, Mark; Fiedler, Paul C.] NOAA Fisheries Serv, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Field, John] NOAA Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Ecol Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95062 USA.
[Nieto, Karen M.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Water Resources Unit, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
RP McClatchie, S (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM sam.mcclatchie@noaa.gov
FU Waitt Foundation; Code Blue Foundation; Campbell Foundation; NOAA
programme Fisheries and The Environment (FATE); NOAA Fisheries; NRC
Postdoctoral Fellowship
FX This study was supported by the Waitt, Code Blue and Campbell
Foundations. S.McC. is supported by the NOAA programme Fisheries and The
Environment (FATE). A.R.T., J.F., M.L., W.W., P.C.F. and R.D.V. are
funded by NOAA Fisheries. K.N. was supported by an NRC Postdoctoral
Fellowship.
NR 39
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 6
U2 10
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 2054-5703
J9 ROY SOC OPEN SCI
JI R. Soc. Open Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 3
AR 150628
DI 10.1098/rsos.150628
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DO7NL
UT WOS:000377969200012
PM 27069651
ER
PT J
AU Iorga, M
Scarfone, K
AF Iorga, Michaela
Scarfone, Karen
TI Using a Capability-Oriented Methodology to Build Your Cloud Ecosystem
SO IEEE CLOUD COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Iorga, Michaela] NIST, Cloud Comp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Scarfone, Karen] Scarfone Cybersecur, Clifton, VA USA.
RP Iorga, M (reprint author), NIST, Cloud Comp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM michaela.iorga@nist.gov; karen@scarfonecybersecurity.com
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 2325-6095
J9 IEEE CLOUD COMPUT
JI IEEE Cloud Comput.
PD MAR-APR
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 2
BP 58
EP 63
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Information Systems
SC Computer Science
GA DN9QI
UT WOS:000377414300009
ER
PT J
AU Mensch, A
Thole, KA
AF Mensch, Amy
Thole, Karen A.
TI Overall Effectiveness and Flowfield Measurements for an Endwall With
Nonaxisymmetric Contouring
SO JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAT-TRANSFER; STATOR VANE; TURBINE-BLADES; REGION
AB Endwall contouring is a technique used to reduce the strength and development of three-dimensional secondary flows in a turbine vane or blade passage in a gas turbine. The secondary flows locally affect the external heat transfer, particularly on the endwall surface. The combination of external and internal convective heat transfer, along with solid conduction, determines component temperatures, which affect the service life of turbine components. A conjugate heat transfer model is used to measure the nondimensional external surface temperature, known as overall effectiveness, of an endwall with nonaxisymmetric contouring. The endwall cooling methods include internal impingement cooling and external film cooling. Measured values of overall effectiveness show that endwall contouring reduces the effectiveness of impingement alone, but increases the effectiveness of film cooling alone. Given the combined case of both impingement and film cooling, the laterally averaged overall effectiveness is not significantly changed between the flat and the contoured endwalls. Flowfield measurements indicate that the size and location of the passage vortex changes as film cooling is added and as the blowing ratio increases. Because endwall contouring can produce local effects on internal cooling and film cooling performance, the implications for heat transfer should be considered in endwall contour designs.
C1 [Mensch, Amy; Thole, Karen A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Mensch, Amy] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mensch, A (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Mensch, A (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM amy.mensch@nist.gov; kthole@psu.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Energy Technology Laboratory
(NETL) through the University Turbine Systems Research (UTSR) program
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support from the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE), National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL)
through the University Turbine Systems Research (UTSR) program. The
authors also would like to thank Dr. Brent Craven, currently with the
F.D.A., Mark Zelesky of Pratt & Whitney, Dr. David Bogard of the
University of Texas, and Robin Ames of DOE-NETL for their communication
and support regarding this research.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 4
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0889-504X
EI 1528-8900
J9 J TURBOMACH
JI J. Turbomach.-Trans. ASME
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 138
IS 3
AR 031007
DI 10.1115/1.4031962
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA DN5VR
UT WOS:000377140000007
ER
PT J
AU Overland, J
AF Overland, James
TI IS THE MELTING ARCTIC CHANGING MIDLATITUDE WEATHER?
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Article
ID AMPLIFICATION
C1 [Overland, James] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Overland, James] Univ Washington, Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Overland, J (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.; Overland, J (reprint author), Univ Washington, Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
FU NOAA Arctic Research Program of the Climate Program Office; US Office of
Naval Research
FX This work is supported by the NOAA Arctic Research Program of the
Climate Program Office and by the US Office of Naval Research. I
appreciate discussions with Jennifer Francis, Edward Hanna, Richard
Hall, Seong-Joong Kim, James Screen, Ted Shepherd, Timo Vihma, and John
Walsh.
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
EI 1945-0699
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 69
IS 3
BP 37
EP 43
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA DL7YO
UT WOS:000375856500012
ER
PT J
AU He, H
Liang, XZ
Lei, H
Wuebbles, DJ
AF He, Hao
Liang, Xin-Zhong
Lei, Hang
Wuebbles, Donald J.
TI Future US ozone projections dependence on regional emissions, climate
change, long-range transport and differences in modeling design
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Regional climate-air quality modeling; Future US ozone projections;
Dynamic lateral boundary conditions; Model discrepancies propagation
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; AIR-QUALITY; SURFACE OZONE;
BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; BIOGENIC EMISSIONS; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; ISOPRENE
EMISSIONS; POLLUTION; IMPACTS; TRENDS
AB A consistent modeling framework with nested global and regional chemical transport models (CTMs) is used to separate and quantitatively assess the relative contributions to projections of future U.S. ozone pollution from the effects of emissions changes, climate change, long-range transport (LRT) of pollutants, and differences in modeling design. After incorporating dynamic lateral boundary conditions (LBCs) from a global CTM, a regional CTM's representation of present-day U.S. ozone pollution is notably improved, especially relative to results from the regional CTM with fixed LBCs or from the global CTM alone. This nested system of global and regional CTMs projects substantial surface ozone trends for the 2050's: 6 -10 ppb decreases under the 'clean' A1B scenario and similar to 15 ppb increases under the 'dirty' A1Fi scenario. Among the total trends of future ozone, regional emissions changes dominate, contributing negative 25 -60% in A1B and positive 30-45% in A1Fi. Comparatively, climate change contributes positive 10-30%, while LRT effects through changing chemical LBCs account for positive 15-20% in both scenarios, suggesting introducing dynamic LBCs could influence projections of the U.S. future ozone pollution with a magnitude comparable to effects of climate change alone. The contribution to future ozone projections due to differences in modeling design, including model formulations, emissions treatments, and other factors between the global and the nested regional CTMs, is regionally dependent, ranging from negative 20% to positive 25%. It is shown that the model discrepancies for present-day simulations between global and regional CTMs can propagate into future U.S. ozone projections systematically but nonlinearly, especially in California and the Southeast. Therefore in addition to representations of emissions change and climate change, accurate treatment of LBCs for the regional CTM is essential for projecting the future U.S. ozone pollution. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [He, Hao; Liang, Xin-Zhong] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[He, Hao; Liang, Xin-Zhong] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Lei, Hang] NOAA, Air Resource Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Wuebbles, Donald J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61820 USA.
RP Liang, XZ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM xliang@umd.edu
FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Science to Achieve
Results (STAR) Awards [RD-83337302, RD-83587601]
FX The research was supported by the United States Environmental Protection
Agency (USEPA) Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Awards RD-83337302 and
RD-83587601. We acknowledge National Center for Supercomputing
Applications (NCSA) of University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC)
for the supercomputing support. We thank Dr. Dale Allen and Ms. Jennifer
Kennedy for helpful comments. We thank Shenjian Su for assistance in
conducting model experiments.
NR 61
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 128
BP 124
EP 133
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.12.064
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL6EH
UT WOS:000375731900012
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, C
Gloor, M
Gatti, LV
Miller, JB
Monks, SA
McNorton, J
Bloom, AA
Basso, LS
Chipperfield, MP
AF Wilson, Chris
Gloor, Manuel
Gatti, Luciana V.
Miller, John B.
Monks, Sarah A.
McNorton, Joey
Bloom, A. Anthony
Basso, Luana S.
Chipperfield, Martyn P.
TI Contribution of regional sources to atmospheric methane over the Amazon
Basin in 2010 and 2011
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT MODEL; BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; ASSIMILATION
SYSTEM; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; NATURAL WETLANDS; GROWTH-RATE; VARIABILITY;
FLUX; DEFORESTATION; GASES
AB We present an assessment of methane (CH4) atmospheric concentrations over the Amazon Basin for 2010 and 2011 using a 3-D atmospheric chemical transport model, two wetland emission models, and new observations made during biweekly flights made over four locations within the basin. We attempt to constrain basin-wide CH4 emissions using the observations, and since 2010 was an unusually dry year, we assess the effect of this drought on Amazonian methane emissions. We find that South American emissions contribute up to 150 ppb to concentrations at the sites, mainly originating from within the basin. Our atmospheric model simulations agree reasonably well with measurements at three of the locations (0.28 <= r(2) <= 0.63, mean bias <= 9.5 ppb). Attempts to improve the simulated background CH4 concentration through analysis of simulated and observed sulphur hexafluoride concentrations do not improve the model performance, however. Through minimisation of seasonal biases between the simulated and observed atmospheric concentrations, we scale our prior emission inventories to derive total basin-wide methane emissions of 36.5-41.1 Tg(CH4)/yr in 2010 and 31.6-38.8 Tg(CH4)/yr in 2011. These totals suggest that the Amazon contributes significantly (up to 7%) to global CH4 emissions. Our analysis indicates that factors other than precipitation, such as temperature variations or tree mortality, may have affected microbial emission rates. However, given the uncertainty of our emission estimates, we cannot say definitively whether the noncombustion emissions from the region were different in 2010 and 2011, despite contrasting meteorological conditions between the two years.
C1 [Wilson, Chris; McNorton, Joey; Chipperfield, Martyn P.] Univ Leeds, Natl Ctr Earth Observat, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
[Wilson, Chris; Monks, Sarah A.; McNorton, Joey; Chipperfield, Martyn P.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
[Wilson, Chris; Gloor, Manuel] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Gatti, Luciana V.; Basso, Luana S.] Comissao Nacl Energia Nucl, Inst Pesquisas Energet & Nucl, Atmospher Chem Lab, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Miller, John B.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Miller, John B.; Monks, Sarah A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Monks, Sarah A.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Bloom, A. Anthony] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Wilson, C (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Natl Ctr Earth Observat, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.; Wilson, C (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.; Wilson, C (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
EM c.wilson@leeds.ac.uk
RI Chipperfield, Martyn/H-6359-2013; Gatti, Luciana/J-8569-2012;
OI Chipperfield, Martyn/0000-0002-6803-4149; MONKS,
SARAH/0000-0003-3474-027X; Wilson, Chris/0000-0001-8494-0697
FU UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC); National Centre for
Earth Observation (NCEO); NERC Consortiumgrants for AMAZONICA
[NE/F005806/1]; Amazon hydrological cycle [NE/K01353X/1]; EU 7th
Framework GEOCARBON project grant [283080]; CNPq; FAPESP; CIRES;
NOAA/ESRL; CAPES; NOAA Climate Program Office's Atmospheric Chemistry,
Carbon Cycle, and Climate (AC4) program; Royal Society Wolfson Merit
Award
FX CH4, CO, and SF6 vertical profile observations
made as part of the AMAZONICA project will be made available through the
World Meteorological Organisation's repository, the World Data Center
for Greenhouse Gases (http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/wdcgg/) soon after
publication of this manuscript. This work was supported by the UK
Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the National Centre for
Earth Observation (NCEO). Financial support was from the NERC
Consortiumgrants for AMAZONICA (NE/F005806/1) and the Amazon
hydrological cycle (NE/K01353X/1), along with the EU 7th Framework
GEOCARBON project grant (grant agreement 283080), CNPq and FAPESP. M.G.
also acknowledges a bolsa from the Brazilian ciencia sem fronteiras
program and a visiting fellowship at CIRES and NOAA/ESRL, and LG support
from CNPq, CAPES, and FAPESP. J.B.M. thanks the NOAA Climate Program
Office's Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle, and Climate (AC4) program
for support, including that for collection and analysis of NOAA
CH4 observations used in this study. MPC is partly funded by
a Royal Society Wolfson Merit Award. The TOMCAT simulations were run on
the UK National Supercomputing Service ARCHER and University of Leeds
ARC2 computing facilities. We thankWuhu Feng (NCAS) for help with the
TOMCAT model and Andrew Crotwell (NOAA) for instrument development.
NR 78
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 3
BP 400
EP 420
DI 10.1002/2015GB005300
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA DJ8QO
UT WOS:000374477400001
ER
PT J
AU Staymates, JL
Staymates, ME
Lawrence, J
AF Staymates, Jessica L.
Staymates, Matthew E.
Lawrence, Jeffrey
TI The effect of reusing wipes for particle collection
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Trace detection; Particle collection; Swiping; Explosives; Narcotics;
Ion mobility spectrometry
ID INORGANIC EXPLOSIVE RESIDUES; ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY; SURFACES
AB Sample collection for Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) analysis is typically completed by swiping a collection wipe over a suspect surface to collect trace residues. The work presented here addresses the need for a method to measure the collection efficiency performance of surface wipe materials as a function of the number of times a wipe is used to interrogate a surface. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of wipe reuse, i.e., the number of times a wipe is swiped across a surface, on the overall particle collection and IMS response. Two types of collection wipes (Teflon coated fiberglass and Nomex) were examined by swiping multiple times, ranging from 0 to 1000, over representative surfaces that are common to security screening environments. Particle collection efficiencies were determined by fluorescence microscopy and particle counting techniques, and were shown to improve dramatically with increased number of swiping cycles. Ion mobility spectrometry was used to evaluate the chemical response of known masses of explosives (deposited after reusing wipes) as a function of the wipe reuse number. Results show that chemical response can be negatively affected, and greatly depends upon the conditions of the surface in which the wipe is interrogating. For most parameters tested, the PCE increased after the wipe was reused several times. Swiping a dusty cardboard surface multiple times also caused an increase in particle collection efficiency but a decrease in IMS response. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed significant surface degradation of the wipes on dusty cardboard at the micrometer spatial scale level for Teflon coated wipes. Additionally, several samples were evaluated by including a seven second thermal desorption cycle at 235 degrees C into each swipe sampling interval in order to represent the IMS heating cycle. Results were similar to studies conducted without this heating cycle, suggesting that the primary mechanism for wipe deterioration is mechanical rather than thermal.
C1 [Staymates, Jessica L.; Staymates, Matthew E.; Lawrence, Jeffrey] NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 8371, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Staymates, JL (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 8371, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jessica.staymates@nist.gov
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 5
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1435-6163
EI 1865-4584
J9 INT J ION MOBIL SPEC
JI Int. J. Ion Mobil. Spectrom.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 19
IS 1
BP 41
EP 49
DI 10.1007/s12127-015-0185-9
PG 9
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA DK1NI
UT WOS:000374679200005
ER
PT J
AU Wu, CC
Liou, K
Vourlidas, A
Plunkett, S
Dryer, M
Wu, ST
Socker, D
Wood, BE
Hutting, L
Howard, RA
AF Wu, Chin-Chun
Liou, Kan
Vourlidas, Angelos
Plunkett, Simon
Dryer, Murray
Wu, S. T.
Socker, Dennis
Wood, Brian E.
Hutting, Lynn
Howard, Russell A.
TI Numerical simulation of multiple CME-driven shocks in the month of 2011
September
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTION; 3-DIMENSIONAL GLOBAL SIMULATION; SOLAR-WIND;
INNER HELIOSPHERE; MAGNETIC CLOUDS; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION;
GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; SUNSPOT NUMBER; FLUX; PROPAGATION
AB A global, three-dimensional (3-D) numerical simulation model has been employed to study the Sun-to-Earth propagation of multiple (12) coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their associated shocks in September 2011. The inputs to the simulation are based on actual solar observations, which include the CME speeds, source locations, and photospheric magnetic fields. The simulation result is fine tuned with in situ solar wind data observations at 1AU by matching the arrival time of CME-driven shocks. During this period three CME-driven interplanetary (IP) shocks induced three sizable geomagnetic storms on 9, 17, and 26 September, with Dst values reaching -69, -70, and -101nT, respectively. These storm events signify the commencement of geomagnetic activity in the solar cycle 24. The CME propagation speed near the Sun (e.g., <30 R-S) has been widely used to estimate the interplanetary CME (ICME)/Shock arrival time at 1AU. Our simulation indicates that the background solar wind speed, as expected, is an important controlling parameter in the propagation of IP shocks and CMEs. Prediction of the ICME/shock arrival time at 1AU can be more problematic for slow (e.g., < 500 km s(-1)) than fast CMEs (> 1000 km s(-1)). This is because the effect of the background solar wind is more pronounced for slow CMEs. Here we demonstrate this difficulty with a slow (400 km s(-1)) CME event that arrived at the Earth in 3days instead of the predicted 4.3days. Our results also demonstrate that a long period (a month in this case) of simulation may be necessary to make meaningful solar source geomagnetic storm associations.
C1 [Wu, Chin-Chun; Plunkett, Simon; Socker, Dennis; Wood, Brian E.; Hutting, Lynn; Howard, Russell A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Liou, Kan; Vourlidas, Angelos] Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA.
[Dryer, Murray] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Wu, S. T.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
RP Wu, CC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM chin-chun.wu@nrl.navy.mil
RI Vourlidas, Angelos/C-8231-2009; Liou, Kan/C-2089-2016
OI Vourlidas, Angelos/0000-0002-8164-5948; Liou, Kan/0000-0001-5277-7688
FU NASA [S-136361-Y, NNX14AF83G]; Chief of Naval Research; NSF [AGS
1153323]
FX We thank the Wind PI team and National Space Science Data Center at
Goddard Space Flight Center for management and providing Wind plasma and
magnetic field solar wind data
(http://cdaweb.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/wind/). The SECCHI data are
courtesy of STEREO/NASA and the SECCHI consortium for providing corona
images and tool for computing the detail information of CMEs
(http://stereo.gsfc.nasa.gov/beacon/). We acknowledge the support of
NASA contract S-136361-Y for the STEREO/SECCHI effort. This study is
supported partially by Chief of Naval Research (C.C.W., B.E.W., D.S.,
and S.P.), and NSF grant AGS 1153323 (S.T.W.). A.V., R.A.H., and L.H.
were supported by NASA contract S-136361-Y to Naval Research Laboratory.
K.L. is supported by NASA grant NNX14AF83G to the Johns Hopkins
University Applied Physics Laboratory. Finally, we thank the reviewers
for their construction suggestions and comments.
NR 56
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 3
BP 1839
EP 1856
DI 10.1002/2015JA021843
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DK2FV
UT WOS:000374730900002
ER
PT J
AU Selesnick, RS
Baker, DN
Jaynes, AN
Li, X
Kanekal, SG
Hudson, MK
Kress, BT
AF Selesnick, R. S.
Baker, D. N.
Jaynes, A. N.
Li, X.
Kanekal, S. G.
Hudson, M. K.
Kress, B. T.
TI Inward diffusion and loss of radiation belt protons
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CRRES OBSERVATIONS; ENERGY; WAVES
AB Radiation belt protons in the kinetic energy range 24 to 76 MeV are being measured by the Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope on each of the two Van Allen Probes. Data have been processed for the purpose of studying variability in the trapped proton intensity during October 2013 to August 2015. For the lower energies (less than or similar to 32 MeV), equatorial proton intensity near L = 2 showed a steady increase that is consistent with inward diffusion of trapped solar protons, as shown by positive radial gradients in phase space density at fixed values of the first two adiabatic invariants. It is postulated that these protons were trapped with enhanced efficiency during the 7 March 2012 solar proton event. A model that includes radial diffusion, along with known trapped proton source and loss processes, shows that the observed average rate of increase near L = 2 is predicted by the same model diffusion coefficient that is required to form the entire proton radiation belt, down to low L, over an extended (similar to 10(3) year) interval. A slower intensity decrease for lower energies near L = 1.5 may also be caused by inward diffusion, though it is faster than predicted by the model. Higher-energy (greater than or similar to 40 MeV) protons near the L = 1.5 intensity maximum are from cosmic ray albedo neutron decay. Their observed intensity is lower than expected by a factor similar to 2, but the discrepancy is resolved by adding an unspecified loss process to the model with a mean lifetime similar to 120 years.
C1 [Selesnick, R. S.] US Air Force, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA.
[Baker, D. N.; Jaynes, A. N.; Li, X.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Li, X.] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kanekal, S. G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Hudson, M. K.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Kress, B. T.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Cooperat Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kress, B. T.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Selesnick, RS (reprint author), US Air Force, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA.
EM richard.selesnick@us.af.mil
FU NASA [NNH14AX18I]; Air Force Research Laboratory under the Heliophysics
Guest Investigators Program, at University of Colorado and Dartmouth
College by RBSP-ECT through JHU/APL contract under prime NASA [967399,
NAS5-01072]; Air Force Research Laboratory under the Heliophysics Guest
Investigators Program, Dartmouth College, by NASA grant [NNX15AF54G];
National Science Foundation [AGS-1455470]
FX Van Allen Probes REPT and ephemeris data are available from the ECT
Science Operations and Data Center, http://www.rbsp-ect.lanl.gov;
EMFISIS data are available from http://emfisis.physics.uiowa.edu. We
thank T.P. O'Brien for pointing out the work of Schulz [1975]. This work
was supported in part by NASA agreement NNH14AX18I with the Air Force
Research Laboratory under the Heliophysics Guest Investigators Program,
at University of Colorado and Dartmouth College by RBSP-ECT funding
through JHU/APL contract 967399 under prime NASA contract NAS5-01072,
and, at Dartmouth College, by NASA grant NNX15AF54G and National Science
Foundation grant AGS-1455470.
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 3
BP 1969
EP 1978
DI 10.1002/2015JA022154
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DK2FV
UT WOS:000374730900011
ER
PT J
AU Sigsbee, K
Kletzing, CA
Smith, CW
MacDowall, R
Spence, H
Reeves, G
Blake, JB
Baker, DN
Green, JC
Singer, HJ
Carr, C
Santolik, O
AF Sigsbee, K.
Kletzing, C. A.
Smith, C. W.
MacDowall, R.
Spence, H.
Reeves, G.
Blake, J. B.
Baker, D. N.
Green, J. C.
Singer, H. J.
Carr, C.
Santolik, O.
TI Van Allen Probes, THEMIS, GOES, and Cluster observations of EMIC waves,
ULF pulsations, and an electron flux dropout
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ION-CYCLOTRON WAVES; RADIATION BELT ELECTRONS; 1-2 MAGNETIC PULSATIONS;
RING CURRENT; EQUATORIAL MAGNETOSPHERE; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS;
PLASMASPHERIC PLUME; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; SYNCHRONOUS ORBIT; MAGNETOPAUSE
AB We examined an electron flux dropout during the 12-14 November 2012 geomagnetic storm using observations from seven spacecraft: the two Van Allen Probes, Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS)-A (P5), Cluster 2, and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) 13, 14, and 15. The electron fluxes for energies greater than 2.0 MeV observed by GOES 13, 14, and 15 at geosynchronous orbit and by the Van Allen Probes remained at or near instrumental background levels for more than 24 h from 12 to 14 November. For energies of 0.8 MeV, the GOES satellites observed two shorter intervals of reduced electron fluxes. The first interval of reduced 0.8 MeV electron fluxes on 12-13 November was associated with an interplanetary shock and a sudden impulse. Cluster, THEMIS, and GOES observed intense He+ electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves from just inside geosynchronous orbit out to the magnetopause across the dayside to the dusk flank. The second interval of reduced 0.8 MeV electron fluxes on 13-14 November was associated with a solar sector boundary crossing and development of a geomagnetic storm with Dst <- 100nT. At the start of the recovery phase, both the 0.8 and 2.0 MeV electron fluxes finally returned to near prestorm values, possibly in response to strong ultralow frequency (ULF) waves observed by the Van Allen Probes near dawn. A combination of adiabatic effects, losses to the magnetopause, scattering by EMIC waves, and acceleration by ULF waves can explain the observed electron behavior.
C1 [Sigsbee, K.; Kletzing, C. A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Smith, C. W.; Spence, H.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[MacDowall, R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Magnetospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Reeves, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Space & Atmospher Sci, NIS 1, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Blake, J. B.] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA.
[Baker, D. N.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Green, J. C.] Space Hazards Applicat, Golden, CO USA.
[Singer, H. J.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Carr, C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London, England.
[Santolik, O.] Inst Atmospher Phys AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Santolik, O.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic.
RP Sigsbee, K (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM kristine-sigsbee@uiowa.edu
RI Santolik, Ondrej/F-7766-2014;
OI Kletzing, Craig/0000-0002-4136-3348; Sigsbee,
Kristine/0000-0001-8727-380X; Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098
FU JHU/APL under NASA prime contract [921647, 967399, NAS5-01072]; Czech
Academy of Sciences through the Praemium Academiae award; NASA
[NAS5-02099]; German Ministry for Economy and Technology; German Center
for Aviation and Space (DLR) [50 OC 0302]; [LH14010]
FX This work was performed under JHU/APL contract 921647 under NASA prime
contract NAS5-01072. We acknowledge William Kurth for providing density
calculations from the EMFISIS data. RBSP-ECT funding was provided by
JHU/APL contract 967399 under NASA prime contract NAS5-01072. O.
Santolik acknowledges funding from the Czech Academy of Sciences through
the Praemium Academiae award and from the LH14010 grant. We acknowledge
NASA contract NAS5-02099 and V. Angelopoulos for use of data from the
THEMIS Mission. Specifically, K.H. Glassmeier, U. Auster, and W.
Baumjohann provided THEMIS FGM data under the lead of the Technical
University of Braunschweig and with financial support through the German
Ministry for Economy and Technology and the German Center for Aviation
and Space (DLR) under contract 50 OC 0302. Data from the Van Allen
Probes can be obtained through the Van Allen Probes Science Gateway
(http://rbspgway.jhuapl.edu/). GOES data are available from the NOAA
National Geophysical Data Center, and the Preliminary Reports and
Forecasts of Solar Geophysical Data are available from the NOAA Space
Weather Prediction Center. THEMIS data are publicly available through
the University of California Berkeley (http://themis.ssl.berkeley.edu).
Cluster data are available from the Cluster Science Archive. Solar wind
data and geomagnetic indexes are available online from NASA OMNIWeb.
Wind and ACE data are available online through CDAWeb.
NR 62
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 3
BP 1990
EP 2008
DI 10.1002/2014JA020877
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DK2FV
UT WOS:000374730900013
ER
PT J
AU Negrea, C
Zabotin, NA
AF Negrea, Catalin
Zabotin, Nikolay A.
TI Mean spectral characteristics of acoustic gravity waves in the
thermosphere-ionosphere determined from Dynasonde data
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE thermospheric gravity waves; Dynasonde; traveling ionospheric
disturbance; spectral analysis
ID ATMOSPHERE RADAR OBSERVATIONS; LOMB-SCARGLE PERIODOGRAM; UNEVENLY
SAMPLED-DATA; TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; SPACED DATA; DATA-ACQUISITION;
NEUTRAL WINDS; MIDDLE
AB Wave-like disturbances have been observed in the ionospheric plasma for several decades using a wide range of remote sensing techniques. In this paper, the use of Dynasonde-derived ionospheric tilt measurements is demonstrated to determine the dominant features of the underlying acoustic gravity wave spectrum and its height variation. The diurnal ionospheric variability introduces data gaps of varying length and distribution at any constant height level. This excludes the use of conventional fast Fourier transform techniques for spectral calculations. To obtain a complete and accurate image of the height variability of the wave activity in the thermosphere-ionosphere, a method is required that would provide physically comparable results at all altitudes, regardless of the variations in sampling. In addition, the true geophysical variability should be distinguished from overlapping noise. The proposed solution is a combination of the well-known Lomb-Scargle and Welch methods, with the dataset of interest being divided into several overlapping subintervals and the mean spectrum calculated using results for those subintervals for which the power spectral density integral equals the time domain variance within a preset tolerance. The choice of the tolerance value is justified by means of numerical simulations using synthetic data similar to the tilt measurements. The proposed method is verified using a 10day long dataset obtained with the Wallops Island Dynasonde. Results obtained with this method are compared in this paper with those obtained with a basic implementation and with a filtering method based on the amount of available data. A considerable reduction in the number of artifacts is observed with the use of this innovative approach, allowing reliable conclusions to be derived regarding the acoustic gravity wave spectrum and its height variability.
C1 [Negrea, Catalin; Zabotin, Nikolay A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Negrea, Catalin; Zabotin, Nikolay A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Negrea, Catalin] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Negrea, Catalin] Inst Space Sci, Magurele, Romania.
RP Negrea, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Negrea, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Negrea, C (reprint author), NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.; Negrea, C (reprint author), Inst Space Sci, Magurele, Romania.
EM Catalin.negrea@noaa.gov
RI Zabotin, Nikolay/A-9639-2015; Negrea, Catalin/A-4321-2017
OI Zabotin, Nikolay/0000-0003-0715-1082;
FU Office of Naval Research Basic Research Challenge program
[N000141310348]; European Community's Seventh Framework Programme
[313038]; Romanian Ministry of National Education, CNCSUEFISCDI
[PN-II-ID-PCE-2012-4-0418]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0821794]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Basic Research
Challenge program, award N000141310348, and by the European Community's
Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement 313038
(STORM), and a grant of the Romanian Ministry of National Education,
CNCSUEFISCDI, project PN-II-ID-PCE-2012-4-0418. Authors are grateful to
Dr. T.W. Bullett for his effort on supporting the Wallops Dynasonde
system. Field support of Wallops Dynasonde operation has been provided,
in part, by the staff of the NASA's Wallops Flight Facility. The
Dynasonde data are accessible through the project's website
(http://surf.colorado.edu) upon request to the author (N.Z.) as well as
through NGDC's MIRRION server
(ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/ionosonde/data/WI937/). This work utilized the
University of Colorado Boulder research computing facility, which is
supported by the National Science Foundation (award number CNS-0821794).
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
EI 1944-799X
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 51
IS 3
BP 213
EP 222
DI 10.1002/2015RS005823
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA DJ8SQ
UT WOS:000374483700010
ER
PT J
AU Legault, CM
Palmer, MC
AF Legault, Christopher M.
Palmer, Michael C.
TI In what direction should the fishing mortality target change when
natural mortality increases within an assessment?
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE POINTS; COD GADUS-MORHUA; MANAGEMENT REFERENCE
POINTS; MAXIMUM SUSTAINABLE-YIELD; STOCK ASSESSMENT MODELS; AT-AGE
MODEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ATLANTIC COD; FISHERY MANAGEMENT; NORTHERN GULF
AB Traditionally, the natural mortality rate (M) in a stock assessment is assumed to be constant. When M increases within an assessment, the question arises how to change the fishing mortality rate target (F-Target). Per recruit considerations lead to an increase in F-Target, while limiting total mortality leads to a decrease in F-Target. Application of either approach can result in nonsensical results. Short-term gains in yield associated with high F-Target values should be considered in light of potential losses in future yield if the high total mortality rate leads to a decrease in recruitment. Examples using yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) and Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) are used to demonstrate that F-Target can change when M increases within an assessment and to illustrate the consequences of different F-Target values. When a change in M within an assessment is contemplated, first consider the amount and strength of empirical evidence to support the change. When the empirical evidence is not strong, we recommend using a constant M. If strong empirical evidence exists, we recommend estimating F-Target for a range of stock-recruitment relationships and evaluating the trade-offs between risk of overfishing and forgone yield.
C1 [Legault, Christopher M.; Palmer, Michael C.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Legault, CM (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM chris.legault@noaa.gov
NR 73
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 6
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 3
BP 349
EP 357
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2015-0232
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DL1WM
UT WOS:000375423600003
ER
PT J
AU Brodnik, RM
Fraker, ME
Anderson, EJ
Carreon-Martinez, L
DeVanna, KM
Heath, DD
Reichert, JM
Roseman, EF
Ludsin, SA
AF Brodnik, Reed M.
Fraker, Michael E.
Anderson, Eric J.
Carreon-Martinez, Lucia
DeVanna, Kristen M.
Heath, Daniel D.
Reichert, Julie M.
Roseman, Edward F.
Ludsin, Stuart A.
TI Larval dispersal underlies demographically important intersystem
connectivity in a Great Lakes yellow perch (Perca flavescens) population
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID CORAL-REEF FISH; WALLEYE SANDER-VITREUS; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; ASSIGNMENT
METHODS; MARINE FISH; ERIE; RECRUITMENT; MODELS; MECHANISMS; SALMON
AB Ability to quantify connectivity among spawning subpopulations and their relative contribution of recruits to the broader population is a critical fisheries management need. By combining microsatellite and age information from larval yellow perch (Perca flavescens) collected in the Lake St. Clair - Detroit River system (SC-DRS) and western Lake Erie with a hydrodynamic backtracking approach, we quantified subpopulation structure, connectivity, and contributions of recruits to the juvenile stage in western Lake Erie during 2006-2007. After finding weak (yet stable) genetic structure between the SC-DRS and two western Lake Erie subpopulations, microsatellites also revealed measurable recruitment of SC-DRS larvae to the juvenile stage in western Lake Erie (17%-21% during 2006-2007). Consideration of precollection larval dispersal trajectories, using hydrodynamic backtracking, increased estimated contributions to 65% in 2006 and 57% in 2007. Our findings highlight the value of complementing subpopulation discrimination methods with hydrodynamic predictions of larval dispersal by revealing the SC-DRS as a source of recruits to western Lake Erie and also showing that connectivity through larval dispersal can affect the structure and dynamics of large lake fish populations.
C1 [Brodnik, Reed M.; Fraker, Michael E.; DeVanna, Kristen M.; Ludsin, Stuart A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Aquat Ecol Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA.
[Anderson, Eric J.] NOAA Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Carreon-Martinez, Lucia] Univ Texas Brownsville, Dept Biol, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA.
[Heath, Daniel D.; Reichert, Julie M.] Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
[Roseman, Edward F.] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Ludsin, SA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Aquat Ecol Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA.
EM ludsin.1@osu.edu
RI Carreon Martinez, Lucia/B-9214-2017
FU Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Program (Fish Management in Ohio)
[F-69-P]; Ohio State University's Chapter of Sigma Xi; Department of
Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology; College of Arts and
Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada;
Great Lakes Fishery Commission Fisheries Research Program
FX This work was funded by multiple sources and supported by multiple
partners, including the Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Program
(F-69-P, Fish Management in Ohio), administered jointly by the US Fish
and Wildlife Service and the Ohio Department of Natural Resources -
Division of Wildlife (ODNR-DOW). Monetary support for genetic analyses
and processing of Detroit River fish was provided by The Ohio State
University's Chapter of Sigma Xi (to RMB), Department of Evolution,
Ecology, and Organismal Biology (to SAL), and College of Arts and
Sciences (to RMB), as well as the Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada (to DDH). Monetary support for collections of
yellow perch larvae and juveniles was provided by the Great Lakes
Fishery Commission Fisheries Research Program (to SAL and DDH), with
in-kind support provided by the ODNR-DOW, the Ontario Ministry of
Natural Resources, NOAA's Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory,
and the USGS Great Lakes Science Center. We also thank W. Stott and the
anonymous reviewers for comments that improved this manuscript. This is
GLERL contribution 1776 and contribution No. 1964 of the USGS Great
Lakes Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
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PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 3
BP 416
EP 426
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2015-0161
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DL1WM
UT WOS:000375423600009
ER
PT J
AU Kunkel, KE
Moss, R
Parris, A
AF Kunkel, Kenneth E.
Moss, Richard
Parris, Adam
TI Innovations in science and scenarios for assessment
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; IMPACTS
AB Scenarios for the Third National Climate Assessment (NCA3) were produced for physical climate and sea level rise with substantial input from disciplinary and regional experts. These scenarios underwent extensive review and were published as NOAA Technical Reports. For land use/cover and socioeconomic conditions, scenarios already developed by other agencies were specified for use in the NCA3. Efforts to enhance participatory scenario planning as an assessment activity were pursued, but with limited success. Issues and challenges included the timing of availability of scenarios, the need for guidance in use of scenarios, the need for approaches to nest information within multiple scales and sectors, engagement and collaboration of end users in scenario development, and development of integrated scenarios. Future assessments would benefit from an earlier start to scenarios development, the provision of training in addition to guidance documents, new and flexible approaches for nesting information, ongoing engagement and advice from both scientific and end user communities, and the development of consistent and integrated scenarios.
C1 [Kunkel, Kenneth E.] N Carolina State Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites North Carolina, Asheville, NC USA.
[Kunkel, Kenneth E.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
[Moss, Richard] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Parris, Adam] NOAA, Climate Program Off, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Kunkel, KE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites North Carolina, Asheville, NC USA.; Kunkel, KE (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM ken.kunkel@noaa.gov
RI Kunkel, Kenneth/C-7280-2015
OI Kunkel, Kenneth/0000-0001-6667-7047
FU NOAA through the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites -
North Carolina [NA14NES432003]; NOAA Climate Program Office, Climate
Observations and Monitoring Program; DOE Office of Science; NASA
FX This work was partially supported by NOAA through the Cooperative
Institute for Climate and Satellites - North Carolina under Cooperative
Agreement NA14NES432003 and by the NOAA Climate Program Office, Climate
Observations and Monitoring Program. The DOE Office of Science supports
basic research on scenarios and supported several workshops that
reviewed the state of science in scenarios and related areas of
modeling. Robert Vallario provided very helpful insights on these and
related aspects of the NCA3 scenarios development process. NASA provided
support for the NCA scenario development process.
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PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 135
IS 1
BP 55
EP 68
DI 10.1007/s10584-015-1494-z
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL2LG
UT WOS:000375465700005
ER
PT J
AU Waple, AM
Champion, SM
Kunkel, KE
Tilmes, C
AF Waple, Anne M.
Champion, Sarah M.
Kunkel, Kenneth E.
Tilmes, Curt
TI Innovations in information management and access for assessments
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID GLOBAL CHANGE INFORMATION; PROVENANCE
AB The third National Climate Assessment (NCA3) included goals for becoming a more timely, inclusive, rigorous, and sustained process, and for serving a wider variety of decision makers. In order to accomplish these goals, it was necessary to deliberately design an information management strategy that could serve multiple stakeholders and manage different types of information - from highly mature government-supported climate science data, to isolated practitioner-generated case study information - and to do so in ways that are consistent and appropriate for a highly influential assessment. Meeting the information management challenge for NCA3 meant balancing relevance and authority, complexity and accessibility, inclusivity and rigor. Increasing traceability of data behind figures and graphics, designing a public-facing website, managing hundreds of technical inputs to the NCA, and producing guidance for over 300 participants on meeting the Information Quality Act were all aspects of a deliberate, multi-faceted, and strategic information management approach that nonetheless attempted to be practical and usable for a variety of participants and stakeholders.
C1 [Waple, Anne M.] Second Nat, Boston, MA USA.
[Champion, Sarah M.; Kunkel, Kenneth E.] N Carolina State Univ, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites NC, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Asheville, NC USA.
[Tilmes, Curt] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Waple, AM (reprint author), Second Nat, Boston, MA USA.
EM awaple@secondnature.org
RI Kunkel, Kenneth/C-7280-2015
OI Kunkel, Kenneth/0000-0001-6667-7047
FU NOAA through Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites North
Carolina [NA14NES432003]
FX This work was partially supported by NOAA through the Cooperative
Institute for Climate and Satellites North Carolina under Cooperative
Agreement NA14NES432003.
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PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 135
IS 1
BP 69
EP 83
DI 10.1007/s10584-015-1588-7
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL2LG
UT WOS:000375465700006
ER
PT J
AU Maldonado, J
Bennett, TMB
Chief, K
Cochran, P
Cozzetto, K
Gough, B
Redsteer, MH
Lynn, K
Maynard, N
Voggesser, G
AF Maldonado, Julie
Bennett, T. M. Bull
Chief, Karletta
Cochran, Patricia
Cozzetto, Karen
Gough, Bob
Redsteer, Margaret Hiza
Lynn, Kathy
Maynard, Nancy
Voggesser, Garrit
TI Engagement with indigenous peoples and honoring traditional knowledge
systems
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE
AB The organizers of the 2014 US National Climate Assessment (NCA) made a concerted effort to reach out to and collaborate with Indigenous peoples, resulting in the most comprehensive information to date on climate change impacts to Indigenous peoples in a US national assessment. Yet, there is still much room for improvement in assessment processes to ensure adequate recognition of Indigenous perspectives and Indigenous knowledge systems. This article discusses the process used in creating the Indigenous Peoples, Land, and Resources NCA chapter by a team comprised of tribal members, agencies, academics, and non-governmental organizations, who worked together to solicit, collect, and synthesize traditional knowledges and data from a diverse array of Indigenous communities across the US. It also discusses the synergy and discord between traditional knowledge systems and science and the emergence of cross-cutting issues and vulnerabilities for Indigenous peoples. The challenges of coalescing information about climate change and its impacts on Indigenous communities are outlined along with recommendations on the types of information to include in future assessment outputs. We recommend that future assessments - not only NCA, but other relevant local, regional, national, and international efforts aimed at the translation of climate information and assessments into meaningful actions - should support integration of Indigenous perspectives in a sustained way that builds respectful relationships and effectively engages Indigenous communities. Given the large number of tribes in the US and the current challenges and unique vulnerabilities of Indigenous communities, a special report focusing solely on climate change and Indigenous peoples is warranted.
"Climate change. remind[s] us that, as my Lakota relatives say, 'We are all related.' That might be the wisdom we need most whether scientist or non-scientist - Indigenous or non-Indigenous." - Dr. Daniel Wildcat, Haskell Indian Nations University(1)
C1 [Maldonado, Julie] Livelihoods Knowledge Network, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
[Bennett, T. M. Bull] Kiksapa Consulting LLC, Mandan, ND USA.
[Chief, Karletta] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Cochran, Patricia] Alaska Nat Sci Commiss, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Cozzetto, Karen] Inst Tribal Environm Profess, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
[Gough, Bob] Intertribal Council Util Policy, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Redsteer, Margaret Hiza] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Lynn, Kathy] Pacific Northwest Tribal Climate Change Network, Eugene, OR USA.
[Maynard, Nancy] NOAA, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Voggesser, Garrit] Natl Wildlife Federat, Denver, CO USA.
RP Maldonado, J (reprint author), Livelihoods Knowledge Network, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
EM jkmaldo@gmail.com
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SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 135
IS 1
BP 111
EP 126
DI 10.1007/s10584-015-1535-7
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL2LG
UT WOS:000375465700009
ER
PT J
AU Moser, SC
Davidson, MA
AF Moser, Susanne C.
Davidson, Margaret A.
TI The third national climate assessment's coastal chapter: the making of
an integrated assessment
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID VULNERABILITY
AB Coastal areas are on the front lines of the impacts of climate change. The immediate impacts of temperature, precipitation and sea-level change affect rich but already threatened ecological systems and the most populated, highly developed, and economically vibrant regions of human activity on the planet. The specific vulnerabilities, impacts and adaptation options and activities vary greatly across the coastal areas of the US. The charge given to the coastal chapter team of the third US National Climate Assessment (NCA3, released in May 2014) was to discern the key vulnerabilities and most important cross-cutting concerns across the extensive coastline of the US. This paper is a reflection on what the coastal chapter team accomplished and how it was done (including author selection, staff support, technical inputs, the chapter development process, within-and cross-chapter integration, the review process, the delivery and high-impact release, the timeline of key assessment steps, and evaluation of the chapter development process). It concludes with eight lessons that might inform the activities of future collaborative author teams writing transdisciplinary, integrated assessment reports.
C1 [Moser, Susanne C.] Susanne Moser Res & Consulting, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Moser, Susanne C.] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret A.] NOAA, Coastal Inundat & Resilience, Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Moser, SC (reprint author), Susanne Moser Res & Consulting, Santa Cruz, CA USA.; Moser, SC (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
EM promundi@susannemoser.com
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PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 135
IS 1
BP 127
EP 141
DI 10.1007/s10584-015-1512-1
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL2LG
UT WOS:000375465700010
ER
PT J
AU Beever, EA
O'Leary, J
Mengelt, C
West, JM
Julius, S
Green, N
Magness, D
Petes, L
Stein, B
Nicotra, AB
Hellmann, JJ
Robertson, AL
Staudinger, MD
Rosenberg, AA
Babij, E
Brennan, J
Schuurman, GW
Hofmann, GE
AF Beever, Erik A.
O'Leary, John
Mengelt, Claudia
West, Jordan M.
Julius, Susan
Green, Nancy
Magness, Dawn
Petes, Laura
Stein, Bruce
Nicotra, Adrienne B.
Hellmann, Jessica J.
Robertson, Amanda L.
Staudinger, Michelle D.
Rosenberg, Andrew A.
Babij, Eleanora
Brennan, Jean
Schuurman, Gregor W.
Hofmann, Gretchen E.
TI Improving Conservation Outcomes with a New Paradigm for Understanding
Species' Fundamental and Realized Adaptive Capacity
SO CONSERVATION LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate adaptation; climate change; conservation management; fundamental
adaptive capacity; policy-relevant research questions; realized adaptive
capacity; vulnerability assessment
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; CHANGING CLIMATE; EVOLUTIONARY;
ADAPTATION; RESPONSES; BIODIVERSITY; POPULATION; MODELS; FUTURE
AB Worldwide, many species are responding to ongoing climate change with shifts in distribution, abundance, phenology, or behavior. Consequently, natural-resource managers face increasingly urgent conservation questions related to biodiversity loss, expansion of invasive species, and deteriorating ecosystem services. We argue that our ability to address these questions is hampered by the lack of explicit consideration of species' adaptive capacity (AC). AC is the ability of a species or population to cope with climatic changes and is characterized by three fundamental components: phenotypic plasticity, dispersal ability, and genetic diversity. However, few studies simultaneously address all elements; often, AC is confused with sensitivity or omitted altogether from climate-change vulnerability assessments. Improved understanding, consistent definition, and comprehensive evaluations of AC are needed. Using classic ecological-niche theory as an analogy, we propose a new paradigm that considers fundamental and realized AC: the former reflects aspects inherent to species, whereas the latter denotes how extrinsic factors constrain AC to what is actually expressed or observed. Through this conceptualization, we identify ecological attributes contributing to AC, outline areas of research necessary to advance understanding of AC, and provide examples demonstrating how the inclusion of AC can better inform conservation and natural-resource management.
C1 [Beever, Erik A.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Beever, Erik A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[O'Leary, John] Massachusetts Div Fisheries & Wildlife, 100 Hartwell St, West Boylston, MA 01583 USA.
[Mengelt, Claudia] CNR, 500 Fifth St NW, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
[West, Jordan M.; Julius, Susan] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave 8601P, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Green, Nancy] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv Program, Washington, DC 20240 USA.
[Magness, Dawn] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kenai Natl Wildlife Refuge, Soldotna, AK 99669 USA.
[Petes, Laura] NOAA, Climate Program Off, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Stein, Bruce] Natl Wildlife Federat, Washington, DC 20006 USA.
[Nicotra, Adrienne B.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Hellmann, Jessica J.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Robertson, Amanda L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Sci Applicat, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Robertson, Amanda L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Staudinger, Michelle D.] Northeast Climate Sci Ctr, Dept Interior, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Staudinger, Michelle D.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Union Concerned Scientists, Ctr Sci & Democracy, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Babij, Eleanora] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Program, Washington, DC 20240 USA.
[Brennan, Jean] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Appalachian Landscape Conservat Cooperat, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA.
[Schuurman, Gregor W.] Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resource Stewardship & Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Schuurman, Gregor W.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53707 USA.
[Hofmann, Gretchen E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Beever, EA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM EBeever@usgs.gov
RI Nicotra, Adrienne/C-1361-2009;
OI Staudinger, Michelle/0000-0002-4535-2005
FU Great Basin LCC; U.S. Geological Survey; National Wildlife Federation
FX We are grateful for critical comments on earlier drafts by F.S. Chapin
III, H. Coleman, M.W. Schwartz, and N.L. Stephenson. Research in Box 1
on pikas was supported by the Great Basin LCC, U.S. Geological Survey,
and National Wildlife Federation. The findings and conclusions in this
article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of any of the authors' institutions or agencies.
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PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1755-263X
J9 CONSERV LETT
JI Conserv. Lett.
PD MAR-APR
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 2
BP 131
EP 137
DI 10.1111/conl.12190
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA DK2XV
UT WOS:000374778600007
ER
PT J
AU Diefenderfer, HL
Johnson, GE
Thom, RM
Buenau, KE
Weitkamp, LA
Woodley, CM
Borde, AB
Kropp, RK
AF Diefenderfer, Heida L.
Johnson, Gary E.
Thom, Ronald M.
Buenau, Kate E.
Weitkamp, Laurie A.
Woodley, Christa M.
Borde, Amy B.
Kropp, Roy K.
TI Evidence-based evaluation of the cumulative effects of ecosystem
restoration
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE causal criteria; critical thinking; cumulative effects; evidence-based
medicine; fisheries; floodplain food web; habitat connectivity;
hydropower mitigation; large-scale ecosystem restoration; salmon
recovery; sustainability science; systematic review; tidal wetlands
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER; RESTORED ESTUARINE
WETLAND; DIEL FEEDING CHRONOLOGY; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; COHO SALMON;
FOOD WEBS; SEASONAL FLOODPLAIN; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; GASTRIC EVACUATION
AB This study adapts and applies the evidence-based approach for causal inference, a medical standard, to the restoration and sustainable management of large-scale aquatic ecosystems. Despite long-term investments in restoring aquatic ecosystems, it has proven difficult to adequately synthesize and evaluate program outcomes, and no standard method has been adopted. Complex linkages between restorative actions and ecosystem responses at a landscape scale make evaluations problematic and most programs focus on monitoring and analysis. Herein, we demonstrate a new transdisciplinary approach integrating techniques from evidence-based medicine, critical thinking, and cumulative effects assessment. Tiered hypotheses about the effects of landscape-scale restorative actions are identified using an ecosystem conceptual model. The systematic literature review, a health sciences standard since the 1960s, becomes just one of seven lines of evidence assessed collectively, using critical thinking strategies, causal criteria, and cumulative effects categories. As a demonstration, we analyzed data from 166 locations on the Columbia River and estuary representing 12 indicators of habitat and fish response to floodplain restoration actions intended to benefit culturally and economically important, threatened and endangered salmon. Synthesis of the lines of evidence demonstrated that hydrologic reconnection promoted macrodetritis export, prey availability, and juvenile fish access and feeding. Upon evaluation, the evidence was sufficient to infer cross-boundary, indirect, compounding, and delayed cumulative effects, and suggestive of nonlinear, landscape-scale, and spatial density effects. Therefore, on the basis of causal inferences regarding food-web functions, we concluded that the restoration program is having a cumulative beneficial effect on juvenile salmon. The lines of evidence developed are transferable to other ecosystems: modeling of cumulative net ecosystem improvement, physical modeling of ecosystem controlling factors, meta-analysis of restoration action effectiveness, analysis of data on target species, research on critical ecological uncertainties, evidence-based review of the literature, and change analysis on the landscape setting. As with medicine, the science of ecological restoration needs scientific approaches to management decisions, particularly because the consequences affect species extinctions and the availability of ecosystem services. This evidence-based approach will enable restoration in complex coastal, riverine, and tidal-fluvial ecosystems like the lower Columbia River to be evaluated when data have accumulated without sufficient synthesis.
C1 [Diefenderfer, Heida L.; Johnson, Gary E.; Thom, Ronald M.; Buenau, Kate E.; Woodley, Christa M.; Borde, Amy B.; Kropp, Roy K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, 1529 West Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382 USA.
[Weitkamp, Laurie A.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Woodley, Christa M.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
RP Diefenderfer, HL (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Marine Sci Lab, 1529 West Sequim Bay Rd, Sequim, WA 98382 USA.
EM heida.diefenderfer@pnnl.gov
OI Buenau, Kate/0000-0003-2156-7260
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District; NOAA Fisheries;
Northwest Fisheries Science Center; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Walla
Walla District
FX We appreciate the financial support of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
Portland District. We are grateful to biologists B Ebberts, C
Studebaker, and C Roegner for their leadership. Data collection by L
Weitkamp was funded by the NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science
Center and collection by C Woodley was funded by U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, Portland District and Walla Walla District. We thank A
Cameron, A Coleman, V Cullinan, E Dawley, B Ebberts, M Hudson, J
Johnson, L Johnson, K MacNeale, K Marcoe, R McNatt, D Putman, M Russell,
N Sather, J Skalski, K Sobocinski, and A Uber for their contributions
and others for help in the field and laboratory. HLD thanks B. Brehm, D.
Qualley, and P. Steinberger for guidance on critical reasoning and
judgment.
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 3
AR e01242
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1242
PG 33
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DK4OB
UT WOS:000374896800014
ER
PT J
AU Stewart, KR
LaCasella, EL
Roden, SE
Jensen, MP
Stokes, LW
Epperly, SP
Dutton, PH
AF Stewart, Kelly R.
LaCasella, Erin L.
Roden, Suzanne E.
Jensen, Michael P.
Stokes, Lesley W.
Epperly, Sheryan P.
Dutton, Peter H.
TI Nesting population origins of leatherback turtles caught as bycatch in
the US pelagic longline fishery
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE assignment; bycatch; Dermochelys coriacea; fisheries; genetics;
incidental; many-to-many; microsatellites; source population;
statistical area; transboundary; western North Atlantic
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; DERMOCHELYS-CORIACEA; SEA-TURTLES; LOGGERHEAD TURTLES;
MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; CARETTA-CARETTA; SEABIRD BYCATCH; GLOBAL
PATTERNS; NORTH-ATLANTIC; COSTA-RICA
AB Fisheries that operate at large spatial scales and with high intensity have the potential to impact highly migratory species, and it is important to characterize threats to specific breeding populations of these species. We used many-to-many mixed-stock analysis (MSA) (n=408) and microsatellite assignment testing (n=397) to determine source populations for leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) caught as bycatch in the U.S. pelagic longline fishery from 2002 to 2012 in the western North Atlantic. Within the United States, we had bycatch samples from the majority of statistical fishing areas: Gulf of Mexico (GOM), Northeast Distant (NED), Caribbean (CAR), Florida East Coast (FEC), Mid Atlantic Bight (MAB), Northeast Coastal (NEC), South Atlantic Bight (SAB) and Sargasso (SAR). We determined the proportions of turtles from each of nine nesting stocks in the Atlantic in each of the sampled areas. These nesting stocks included Brazil, Costa Rica, Florida, Trinidad, French Guiana, St. Croix, Ghana, Gabon, and South Africa. The MSA revealed that the NED had a lower relative proportion of turtles from Costa Rica than other areas and that the GOM had the highest relative proportion of turtles from Costa Rica. No turtles were assigned to the African rookeries, lending further evidence that turtles from that region forage elsewhere and therefore may not be affected by western North Atlantic fisheries. This work contributes to the ongoing assessment of threats to leatherback turtles in the Regional Management Unit (RMU) of the western North Atlantic, and draws attention to the disproportionate number of turtles from Costa Rica being caught in the Gulf of Mexico; Costa Rica is one of the only populations in the northern Atlantic that is not experiencing significant increases in nest numbers. This approach should be useful in determining population-specific threats to other highly migratory protected species that may depend on segregated foraging areas either within or among species.
C1 [Stewart, Kelly R.] Ocean Fdn, 1320 19th St NW,5th Floor,Sunderland Bldg, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
[Stewart, Kelly R.; LaCasella, Erin L.; Roden, Suzanne E.; Jensen, Michael P.; Dutton, Peter H.] NOAA, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Stokes, Lesley W.; Epperly, Sheryan P.] NOAA, Protected Resources & Biodivers Div, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 75 Virginia Beach Dr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Stewart, KR (reprint author), Ocean Fdn, 1320 19th St NW,5th Floor,Sunderland Bldg, Washington, DC 20036 USA.; Stewart, KR (reprint author), NOAA, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM Kelly.Stewart@noaa.gov
FU Lenfest Ocean Program Grant
FX Samples were collected under ESA Section 10(a) (1)(A) permits issued by
NMFS to the Southeast Fisheries Science Center (#1260, #1324, #1429,
#1552 and #15552). Samples from the high seas were imported under the
authority of the USFWS CITES Permit #US045532/9. For sample collection,
we thank Ken Keene, Dennis Lee, Larry Beerkircher, John Carlson, and
Pelagic Observer Program fishery observers. At the Southwest Fisheries
Science Center, we thank Gabriela Serra-Valente, Amy Lanci, and Amy Frey
for processing samples and Robin LeRoux, Amanda Bowman, and Vicki Pease
for technical and logistical assistance. Thanks to Dan Evans (Sea Turtle
Conservancy) for the information and discussions on Costa Rica/Panama
turtle satellite tracks. Helpful reviews of the original draft were
provided by Robin LeRoux, Amy Frey, Alex Chester, and Jim Bohnsack.
Funding support for this project and for KRS was provided by a Lenfest
Ocean Program Grant. The views expressed are those of the authors and do
not necessarily reflect the views of the Lenfest Ocean Program or The
Pew Charitable Trusts.
NR 82
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 17
U2 28
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 3
AR e01272
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1272
PG 18
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DK4OB
UT WOS:000374896800030
ER
PT J
AU Oppenheimer, M
Anttila-Hughes, JK
AF Oppenheimer, Michael
Anttila-Hughes, Jesse K.
TI The Science of Climate Change
SO FUTURE OF CHILDREN
LA English
DT Article
ID WEATHER; LIFE
AB Michael Oppenheimer and Jesse Anttila-Hughes begin with a primer on how the greenhouse effect works, how we know that Earth is rapidly getting warmer, and how we know that the recent warming is caused by human activity. They explain the sources of scientific knowledge about climate change as well as the basis for the models scientists use to predict how the climate will behave in the future. Although they acknowledge the large degree of uncertainty that surrounds predictions of what will happen decades or even centuries in the future, they also emphasize the near certainty that climate change has the potential to be extremely harmful to children.
Most children around the world will face hotter, more extreme temperatures more frequently. Higher temperatures will directly affect children's health by increasing the rates of heatstroke, heat exhaustion, and heat-related mortality. Excessive heat is also likely to affect children indirectly by disrupting agricultural systems, driving up prices, and increasing food scarcity.
Many of the world's children may see local demand for water outstrip supply, as shifting precipitation patterns dry out some regions of the world, make other regions wetter, and increase the frequency of both unusually dry periods and unusually severe rains. Mountain glaciers will recede further, significantly reducing storage of winter snows and thus springtime runoff, which has traditionally been used to water fields and recharge reservoirs. Melting ice will also raise sea levels, triggering direct physical threats to children through flooding and erosion and indirect threats through migration and expensive adaptation.
Climate change is also expected to make weather-based disasters more frequent and more damaging. This is particularly worrisome for children, not only because of the physical peril disasters pose but also because disasters can have debilitating long-term indirect effects on children. Damage to ecosystems from climate change may also harm children; for example, acidification the world's oceans will reduce food supplies, and disease-carrying insects will invade new areas in response to changing rains and temperatures.
In the face of such dire forecasts, Oppenheimer and Ant-Lila-Hughes argue, climate change forces us to directly confront the value we put on future children's wellbeing. Fortunately, we have reason for hope as well as for concern: "History," they write, "has demonstrated time and again that humans can tackle uncertain threats in times of need."
C1 [Oppenheimer, Michael] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Geosci & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Oppenheimer, Michael] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Oppenheimer, Michael] Woodrow Wilson Sch, Program Sci Technol & Environm Policy, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Oppenheimer, Michael] Princeton Environm Inst, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Oppenheimer, Michael; Anttila-Hughes, Jesse K.] Univ San Francisco, Dept Econ, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA.
RP Oppenheimer, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Geosci & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.; Oppenheimer, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.; Oppenheimer, M (reprint author), Woodrow Wilson Sch, Program Sci Technol & Environm Policy, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.; Oppenheimer, M (reprint author), Princeton Environm Inst, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 21
U2 30
PU PRINCETON UNIV
PI PRINCETON
PA 277 WALLACE HALL, PRINCETON, NJ 08544 USA
SN 1054-8289
EI 1550-1558
J9 FUTURE CHILD
JI Future Child.
PD SPR
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 1
BP 11
EP 30
PG 20
WC Family Studies; Health Policy & Services; Social Sciences,
Interdisciplinary
SC Family Studies; Health Care Sciences & Services; Social Sciences - Other
Topics
GA DL1BL
UT WOS:000375366800002
ER
PT J
AU Carey, S
Olsen, R
Bell, KLC
Ballard, R
Dondin, F
Roman, C
Smart, C
Lilley, M
Lupton, J
Seibel, B
Cornell, W
Moyer, C
AF Carey, Steven
Olsen, Rene
Bell, Katherine L. C.
Ballard, Robert
Dondin, Frederic
Roman, Chris
Smart, Clara
Lilley, Marvin
Lupton, John
Seibel, Brad
Cornell, Winton
Moyer, Craig
TI Hydrothermal venting and mineralization in the crater of Kick'em Jenny
submarine volcano, Grenada (Lesser Antilles)
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrothermal venting; submarine volcano; Kick'em Jenny
ID PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; ISLAND-ARC; SEA-FLOOR; OXIDIZING BACTERIA;
PHASE-SEPARATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; MAGMA GENESIS; MUD VOLCANOS; U-SERIES;
SYSTEMS
AB Kick'em Jenny is a frequently erupting, shallow submarine volcano located 7.5 km off the northern coast of Grenada in the Lesser Antilles subduction zone. Focused and diffuse hydrothermal venting is taking place mainly within a small (approximate to 70 x 110 m) depression within the 300 m diameter crater of the volcano at depths of about 265 m. Much of the crater is blanketed with a layer of fine-grained tephra that has undergone hydrothermal alteration. Clear fluids and gas are being discharged near the center of the depression from mound-like vents at a maximum temperature of 180 degrees C. The gas consists of 93-96% CO2 with trace amounts of methane and hydrogen. Gas flux measurements of individual bubble streams range from 10 to 100 kg of CO2 per day. Diffuse venting with temperatures 5-35 degrees C above ambient occurs throughout the depression and over large areas of the main crater. These zones are colonized by reddish-yellow bacteria with the production of Fe-oxyhydroxides as surface coatings, fragile spires up to several meters in height, and elongated mounds up to tens of centimeters thick. A high-resolution photomosaic of the inner crater depression shows fluid flow patterns descending the sides of the depression toward the crater floor. We suggest that the negatively buoyant fluid flow is the result of phase separation of hydrothermal fluids at Kick'em Jenny generating a dense saline component that does not rise despite its elevated temperature.
C1 [Carey, Steven; Olsen, Rene; Ballard, Robert; Roman, Chris] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Bell, Katherine L. C.] Ocean Explorat Trust, Mystic, CT USA.
[Dondin, Frederic] Univ W Indies, Seism Res Ctr, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
[Smart, Clara] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Ocean Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Lilley, Marvin] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Lupton, John] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Seibel, Brad] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Biol Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Cornell, Winton] Univ Tulsa, Dept Geosci, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA.
[Moyer, Craig] Western Washington Univ, Dept Biol, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
RP Carey, S (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
EM scarey@uri.edu
FU Ocean Exploration Trust (OET); National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA); National Geographic Society
FX We thank the captain, crew, and expedition team of E/V Nautilus for
their excellent work during cruises NA039 and NA054. The Ocean
Exploration Trust (OET), National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA), and the National Geographic Society provided
support for the cruises. The Seismic Research Centre of the University
of the West Indies in Trinidad contributed invaluable assistance during
the cruises and the Government of Grenada is gratefully acknowledged for
permission to operate in their territorial waters. Ian Vaughn kindly
provided images of bubble streams from KeJ crater derived from shipboard
multibeam data. Scott Wankel and Ana Michel (both at WHOI) are thanked
for sharing fluid samples collected during cruise NA054 that were used
for density measurement. Art Spivack provided insightful discussions
about phase separation processes in hydrothermal systems. Rich Bell is
thanked for his help in collating the oxygen sensor data. Four reviewers
provided useful comments that led to improvements in the manuscript. All
numerical data are shown in figures or presented within tables in the
text or as supporting information.
NR 67
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 3
BP 1000
EP 1019
DI 10.1002/2015GC006060
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DK7ZA
UT WOS:000375144700021
ER
PT J
AU Free, M
Sun, BM
Yoo, HL
AF Free, Melissa
Sun, Bomin
Yoo, Hye Lim
TI Comparison between Total Cloud Cover in Four Reanalysis Products and
Cloud Measured by Visual Observations at US Weather Stations
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID ERA-INTERIM; SURFACE; PERFORMANCE; MERRA
AB A homogeneity-adjusted dataset of total cloud cover from weather stations in the contiguous United States is compared with cloud cover in four state-of-the-art global reanalysis products: the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis from NCEP, the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications from NASA, ERA-Interim from ECMWF, and the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis Project from the Japan Meteorological Agency. The reanalysis products examined in this study generally show much lower cloud amount than visual weather station data, and this underestimation appears to be generally consistent with their overestimation of downward surface shortwave fluxes when compared with surface radiation data from the Surface Radiation Network. Nevertheless, the reanalysis products largely succeed in simulating the main aspects of interannual variability of cloudiness for large-scale means, as measured by correlations of 0.81-0.90 for U.S. mean time series. Trends in the reanalysis datasets for the U.S. mean for 1979-2009, ranging from 20.38% to 21.8% decade 21, are in the same direction as the trend in surface data (20.50% decade 21), but further effort is needed to understand the discrepancies in their magnitudes.
C1 [Free, Melissa] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Sun, Bomin] NOAA Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, IM Syst Grp, College Pk, MD USA.
[Yoo, Hye Lim] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, Coll Pk, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Free, M (reprint author), NOAA, Air Resources Lab, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM melissa.p.free@gmail.com
RI Sun, Bomin/P-8742-2014
OI Sun, Bomin/0000-0002-4872-9349
FU NOAA's Climate Program Office
FX This work was funded in part by NOAA's Climate Program Office. We thank
the re-analysis teams for access to the cloud cover time series and
Junye Chen and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the
paper.
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 6
BP 2015
EP 2021
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0637.1
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL6YS
UT WOS:000375786600003
ER
PT J
AU Morrison, AK
Griffies, SM
Winton, M
Anderson, WG
Sarmiento, JL
AF Morrison, Adele K.
Griffies, Stephen M.
Winton, Michael
Anderson, Whit G.
Sarmiento, Jorge L.
TI Mechanisms of Southern Ocean Heat Uptake and Transport in a Global
Eddying Climate Model
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID MESOSCALE EDDIES; PARAMETERIZATION; SIMULATIONS; DIFFUSIVITY;
CIRCULATION
AB The Southern Ocean plays a dominant role in anthropogenic oceanic heat uptake. Strong northward transport of the heat content anomaly limits warming of the sea surface temperature in the uptake region and allows the heat uptake to be sustained. Using an eddy-rich global climate model, the processes controlling the northward transport and convergence of the heat anomaly in the midlatitude Southern Ocean are investigated in an idealized 1% yr(-1) increasing CO2 simulation. Heat budget analyses reveal that different processes dominate to the north and south of the main convergence region. The heat transport northward from the uptake region in the south is driven primarily by passive advection of the heat content anomaly by the existing time mean circulation, with a smaller 20% contribution from enhanced upwelling. The heat anomaly converges in the midlatitude deep mixed layers because there is not a corresponding increase in the mean heat transport out of the deep mixed layers northward into the mode waters. To the north of the deep mixed layers, eddy processes drive the warming and account for nearly 80% of the northward heat transport anomaly. The eddy transport mechanism results from a reduction in both the diffusive and advective southward eddy heat transports, driven by decreasing isopycnal slopes and decreasing along-isopycnal temperature gradients on the northern edge of the peak warming.
C1 [Morrison, Adele K.; Sarmiento, Jorge L.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Griffies, Stephen M.; Winton, Michael; Anderson, Whit G.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Morrison, AK (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 300 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM adelem@princeton.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0012457]; NSF's Southern Ocean Carbon
and Climate Observations and Modeling project [PLR-1425989]
FX We thank Carolina Dufour and Ivy Frenger for conversations that helped
clarify ideas and analyses, as well as three anonymous reviewers for
helpful and encouraging comments. AKM was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract DE-SC0012457. JLS acknowledges NSF's
Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling project
under Award PLR-1425989.
NR 40
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 6
BP 2059
EP 2075
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0579.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DL6YS
UT WOS:000375786600006
ER
PT J
AU Case, NA
MacDonald, EA
Viereck, R
AF Case, N. A.
MacDonald, E. A.
Viereck, R.
TI Using citizen science reports to define the equatorial extent of auroral
visibility
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE aurora; visibility; citizen science
ID STATISTICAL-MODEL; ENERGY FLUX; PRECIPITATION
AB An aurora may often be viewed hundreds of kilometers equatorward of the auroral oval owing to its altitude. As such, the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) Aurora Forecast product provides a view line to demonstrate the equatorial extent of auroral visibility, assuming that it is sufficiently bright and high in altitude. The view line in the SWPC product is based upon the latitude of the brightest aurora, for each hemisphere, as specified by the real-time oval variation, assessment, tracking, intensity, and online nowcasting (OVATION) Prime (2010) aurora precipitation model. In this study, we utilize nearly 500 citizen science auroral reports to compare with the view line provided by an updated SWPC aurora forecast product using auroral precipitation data from OVATION Prime (2013). The citizen science observations were recorded during March and April 2015 using the Aurorasaurus platform and cover one large geomagnetic storm and several smaller events. We find that this updated SWPC view line is conservative in its estimate and that the aurora is often viewable further equatorward than is indicated by the forecast. By using the citizen reports to modify the scaling parameters used to link the OVATION Prime (2013) model to the view line, we produce a new view line estimate that more accurately represents the equatorial extent of visible aurora. An OVATION Prime (2013) energy flux-based equatorial boundary view line is also developed and is found to provide the best overall agreement with the citizen science reports, with an accuracy of 91%.
C1 [Case, N. A.; MacDonald, E. A.] New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Case, N. A.; MacDonald, E. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Case, N. A.] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England.
[Viereck, R.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Case, NA (reprint author), New Mexico Consortium, Los Alamos, NM USA.; Case, NA (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.; Case, NA (reprint author), Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England.
EM n.case@lancaster.ac.uk
OI Case, Nathan/0000-0003-0692-1778
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [1344296]
FX This material is based upon work supported, in part, by the National
Science Foundation (NSF) under grant 1344296. Any opinions, findings,
and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those
of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of NSF. The
OVATION Prime output and associated view line were kindly supplied by
the Space Weather Prediction Center, Boulder, CO, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Department of Commerce. The
output can be freely downloaded from the NOAA SWPC product pages
(http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/aurora-30-minute-forecast).
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 14
IS 3
BP 198
EP 209
DI 10.1002/2015SW001320
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA DK1UB
UT WOS:000374698800002
ER
PT J
AU Ono, K
Shelton, AO
Ward, EJ
Thorson, JT
Feist, BE
Hilborn, R
AF Ono, Kotaro
Shelton, Andrew O.
Ward, Eric J.
Thorson, James T.
Feist, Blake E.
Hilborn, Ray
TI Space-time investigation of the effects of fishing on fish populations
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE fishing; habitat; marine species; Microstomus pacificus; movement;
Pacific Dover sole; space-time model; species distribution
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN-INFERENCE; NESTED
LAPLACE APPROXIMATIONS; LARGE SPATIAL DATASETS; RANDOM FORESTS;
AUTOCORRELATION; FISHERIES; PREDICTION; HABITATS
AB Species distribution models (SDMs) are important statistical tools for obtaining ecological insight into species-habitat relationships and providing advice for natural resource management. Many SDMs have been developed over the past decades, with a focus on space-and more recently, time-dependence. However, most of these studies have been on terrestrial species and applications to marine species have been limited. In this study, we used three large spatio-temporal data sources (habitat maps, survey-based fish density estimates, and fishery catch data) and a novel space-time model to study how the distribution of fishing may affect the seasonal dynamics of a commercially important fish species (Pacific Dover sole, Microstomus pacificus) off the west coast of the USA. Dover sole showed a large scale change in seasonal and annual distribution of biomass, and its distribution shifted from mid-depth zones to inshore or deeper waters during late summer/early fall. In many cases, the scale of fishery removal was small compared to these broader changes in biomass, suggesting that seasonal dynamics were primarily driven by movement and not by fishing. The increasing availability of appropriate data and space-time modeling software should facilitate extending this work to many other species, particularly those in marine ecosystems, and help tease apart the role of growth, natural mortality, recruitment, movement, and fishing on spatial patterns of species distribution in marine systems.
C1 [Ono, Kotaro; Hilborn, Ray] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Shelton, Andrew O.; Ward, Eric J.; Feist, Blake E.] Natl Oceanog & Atmospher Adm, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Thorson, James T.] Natl Oceanog & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Ono, K (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM kotarono@uw.edu
RI Feist, Blake/H-2669-2012;
OI Feist, Blake/0000-0001-5215-4878; Thorson, James/0000-0001-7415-1010
FU Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under
NOAA [NA10OAR4320148, 2421]
FX K. Ono was was partially funded by the Joint Institute for the Study of
the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement
NA10OAR4320148, Contribution No. 2421. We thank Allan Hicks, Andre E
Punt, Trevor A. Branch, Will Satterthwaite, two anonymous reviewers, and
Eva Plaganyi for their insightful comments on the manuscript.
NR 54
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 2
BP 392
EP 406
DI 10.1890/14-1874.1
PG 15
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DJ3PU
UT WOS:000374118700006
PM 27209782
ER
PT J
AU Kim, JH
Chan, WN
Sridhar, B
Sharman, RD
Williams, PD
Strahan, M
AF Kim, Jung-Hoon
Chan, William N.
Sridhar, Banavar
Sharman, Robert D.
Williams, Paul D.
Strahan, Matt
TI Impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation on Transatlantic Flight Routes
and Clear-Air Turbulence
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID UPPER-LEVEL TURBULENCE; AVIATION TURBULENCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SYSTEM;
CIRRUS; WINTER
AB The variation of wind-optimal transatlantic flight routes and their turbulence potential is investigated to understand how upper-level winds and large-scale flow patterns can affect the efficiency and safety of long-haul flights. In this study, the wind-optimal routes (WORs) that minimize the total flight time by considering wind variations are modeled for flights between John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) in New York, New York, and Heathrow Airport (LHR) in London, United Kingdom, during two distinct winter periods of abnormally high and low phases of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) teleconnection patterns. Eastbound WORs approximate the JFK LHR great circle (GC) route following northerly shifted jets in the +NAO period. Those WORs deviate southward following southerly shifted jets during the NAO period, because eastbound WORs fly closely to the prevailing westerly jets to maximize tailwinds. Westbound WORs, however, spread meridionally to avoid the jets near the GC in the +NAO period to minimize headwinds. In the NAO period, westbound WORs are north of the GC because of the southerly shifted jets. Consequently, eastbound WORs are faster but have higher probabilities of encountering clear-air turbulence than westbound ones, because eastbound WORs are close to the jet streams, especially near the cyclonic shear side of the jets in the northern (southern) part of the GC in the +NAO ( NAO) period. This study suggests how predicted teleconnection weather patterns can be used for long-haul strategic flight planning, ultimately contributing to minimizing aviation's impact on the environment.
C1 [Kim, Jung-Hoon] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Chan, William N.; Sridhar, Banavar] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Sharman, Robert D.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Williams, Paul D.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England.
[Kim, Jung-Hoon; Strahan, Matt] NOAA NWS Aviat Weather Ctr, Kansas City, MO USA.
RP Kim, JH (reprint author), 7220 NW 101st Terr, Kansas City, MO 64153 USA.
EM jung-hoon.kim@noaa.gov
RI Williams, Paul/B-2432-2012
OI Williams, Paul/0000-0002-9713-9820
FU U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
FX This research is in response to requirements and funding by the U.S.
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The views expressed are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the official policy and
position of the FAA. The authors thank three anonymous reviewers for
their invaluable comments and suggestions.
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PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 3
BP 763
EP 771
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0261.1
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DJ4VN
UT WOS:000374206300015
ER
PT J
AU Lee, TR
De Wekker, SFJ
AF Lee, Temple R.
De Wekker, Stephan F. J.
TI Estimating Daytime Planetary Boundary Layer Heights over a Valley from
Rawinsonde Observations at a Nearby Airport: An Application to the Page
Valley in Virginia, United States
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; COMPLEX TERRAIN; TRACE GASES; PART I; MODEL;
EVOLUTION; VARIABILITY; TRANSPORT; RADIOSONDE; IMPACT
AB The planetary boundary layer (PBL) height is an essential parameter required for many applications, including weather forecasting and dispersion modeling for air quality. Estimates of PBL height are not easily available and often come from twice-daily rawinsonde observations at airports, typically at 0000 and 1200 UTC. Questions often arise regarding the applicability of PBL heights retrieved from these twice-daily observations to surrounding locations. Obtaining this information requires knowledge of the spatial variability of PBL heights. This knowledge is particularly limited in regions with mountainous terrain. The goal of this study is to develop a method for estimating daytime PBL heights in the Page Valley, located in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia. The approach includes using 1) rawinsonde observations from the nearest sounding station [Dulles Airport (IAD)], which is located 90 km northeast of the Page Valley, 2) North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) output, and 3) simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. When selecting days on which PBL heights from NARR compare well to PBL heights determined from the IAD soundings, it is found that PBL heights are higher (on the order of 200-400 m) over the Page Valley than at IAD and that these differences are typically larger in summer than in winter. WRF simulations indicate that larger sensible heat fluxes and terrain-following characteristics of PBL height both contribute to PBL heights being higher over the Page Valley than at IAD.
C1 [Lee, Temple R.; De Wekker, Stephan F. J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Clark Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Lee, Temple R.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Lee, Temple R.] NOAA, ARL Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Lee, TR (reprint author), NOAA, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, 456 S Illinois Ave, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
EM temple.lee@noaa.gov
FU MOU; NOAA [NA13OAR4310065]; NSF-CAREER Award [ATM-1151445]; National
Center for Atmospheric Research
FX This research was partly funded by an MOU between the NOAA ESRL Global
Monitoring Division and the University of Virginia, NOAA Award
NA13OAR4310065, and NSF-CAREER Award ATM-1151445. We thank William Brown
from the National Center for Atmospheric Research for conducting the
rawinsonde launches at SNP HQ in April 2009 through an educational field
deployment grant from the National Center for Atmospheric Research. We
also thank the support of the undergraduate and graduate students from
the spring 2009 and fall 2010 mountain meteorology courses taught at the
University of Virginia. We thank John Kochendorfer and Maggie Robinson
at the NOAA ARL Atmospheric Turbulence and Diffusion Division who helped
improve the grammar in the manuscript. We also thank the three anonymous
reviewers whose suggestions helped to improve the manuscript.
NR 76
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PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 3
BP 791
EP 809
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0300.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DJ4VN
UT WOS:000374206300017
ER
PT J
AU Huber, ML
Sykioti, EA
Assael, MJ
Perkins, RA
AF Huber, M. L.
Sykioti, E. A.
Assael, M. J.
Perkins, R. A.
TI Reference Correlation of the Thermal Conductivity of Carbon Dioxide from
the Triple Point to 1100 K and up to 200 MPa
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL REFERENCE DATA
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon dioxide; critical phenomena; thermal conductivity; transport
properties
ID HOT-WIRE METHOD; NEAR-CRITICAL POINT; CRITICAL REGION; GAS MIXTURES;
SUPERCRITICAL REGION; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; GASEOUS-MIXTURES;
HIGH-TEMPERATURE; BINARY-MIXTURES; PURE GASES
AB This paper contains new, representative reference equations for the thermal conductivity of carbon dioxide. The equations are based in part upon a body of experimental data that has been critically assessed for internal consistency and for agreement with theory whenever possible. In the case of the dilute-gas thermal conductivity, we incorporated recent theoretical calculations to extend the temperature range of the experimental data. Moreover, in the critical region, the experimentally observed enhancement of the thermal conductivity is well represented by theoretically based equations containing just one adjustable parameter. The correlation is applicable for the temperature range from the triple point to 1100 K and pressures up to 200 MPa. The overall uncertainty (at the 95% confidence level) of the proposed correlation varies depending on the state point from a low of 1% at very low pressures below 0.1 MPa between 300 and 700 K, to 5% at the higher pressures of the range of validity. (C) 2016 by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States. All rights reserved.
C1 [Huber, M. L.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Sykioti, E. A.; Assael, M. J.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Chem Engn, Lab Thermophys Properties & Environm Proc, Thessaloniki 54636, Greece.
[Perkins, R. A.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Huber, ML (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM marcia.huber@nist.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory
[DE-FE0003931]
FX Funding for much of this work was provided by the U.S. Department of
Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, under Interagency
Agreement No. DE-FE0003931. We acknowledge David J. N. Wynne (Univ. of
Colorado, Boulder) for helpful suggestions.
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PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0047-2689
EI 1529-7845
J9 J PHYS CHEM REF DATA
JI J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 45
IS 1
AR 013102
DI 10.1063/1.4940892
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Physics,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA DJ2DB
UT WOS:000374012800002
ER
PT J
AU Bell, KLC
McDonough, J
AF Bell, Katherine L. C.
McDonough, John
TI New Frontiers in Ocean Exploration The E/V Nautilus and NOAA Ship
Okeanos Explorer 2015 Field Season Introduction
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; HORIZON OIL-SPILL; DEEP-SEA; GALAPAGOS RIFT;
SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; CORAL COMMUNITIES; COLD SEEPS; METHANE; OCTOCORALS;
VOLCANISM
C1 [Bell, Katherine L. C.] Ocean Explorat Trust, Explorat & Res, New London, CT USA.
[McDonough, John] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Bell, KLC (reprint author), Ocean Explorat Trust, Explorat & Res, New London, CT USA.
NR 56
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U1 3
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PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SU S
BP 1
EP +
PG 5
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IM
UT WOS:000374098100001
ER
PT J
AU Cook, SB
Holloway, A
Lettrich, M
Yarincik, K
AF Cook, Susan B.
Holloway, Amanda
Lettrich, Matthew
Yarincik, Kristen
TI The Ocean Science Graduate Education Landscape: A 2015 Perspective
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
AB This article draws on several sources to provide background information on the composition of the 2015 ocean science graduate education community. We identify 148 US institutions of higher education that offer graduate degrees in the marine and ocean related sciences. Using data on degree completions and program size, the balance between master's and doctoral programs, and the demographic characteristics of degree recipients for the 73 higher education institutions that report marine degree data to the federal government, we develop a descriptive snapshot of the 2015 ocean sciences graduate education landscape. For programs administered by members of the Ocean Sciences Educators' Retreat community within the Consortium for Ocean Leadership, we present time-series information on the "supply side" of program dynamics (i.e., applications, enrollment), including detailed demographics, as well as an overview of curricular patterns and administrative structures. This information provides a framework that the graduate education community can use for further reflection, discussion, and collaborative action focused on the future of post-baccalaureate education in the ocean sciences.
C1 [Cook, Susan B.] Ocean Res & Conservat Assoc, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
[Cook, Susan B.] Consortium Oceanog Res & Educ, Washington, DC USA.
[Cook, Susan B.] Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst Inc, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
[Cook, Susan B.] Bermuda Inst Ocean Sci, St Georges, Bermuda.
[Holloway, Amanda] Consortium Ocean Leadership, Res & Educ Dept, Washington, DC USA.
[Lettrich, Matthew] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Yarincik, Kristen] Consortium Ocean Leadership, Res & Educ, Washington, DC USA.
[Yarincik, Kristen] Natl Ocean Sci Bowl, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Cook, SB (reprint author), Ocean Res & Conservat Assoc, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
EM suecook1023@gmail.com
NR 9
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PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SI SI
BP 16
EP 21
DI 10.5670/oceanog.2016.04
PG 6
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IJ
UT WOS:000374097800004
ER
PT J
AU Briscoe, M
Glickson, D
Roberts, S
Spinrad, R
Yoder, J
AF Briscoe, Melbourne
Glickson, Deborah
Roberts, Susan
Spinrad, Richard
Yoder, James
TI A Moving Target Matching Graduate Education with Available Careers for
Ocean Scientists
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
AB The objective of this paper is to look at past assessments and available data to examine the match (or mismatch) between university curricula and programs available to graduate students in the ocean sciences and the career possibilities available to those students. We conclude there is a need for fundamental change in how we educate graduate students in the ocean sciences. The change should accommodate the interests of students as well as the needs of a changing society; the change should not be constrained by the traditions or resource challenges of the graduate institutions themselves. The limited data we have been able to obtain from schools and employers are consistent with this view: desirable careers for ocean scientists are moving rapidly toward interdisciplinary, collaborative, societally relevant activities, away from traditional academic-research/professorial jobs, but the training available to the students is not keeping pace. We offer some suggestions to mitigate the mismatch. Most importantly, although anecdotes and "gut feelings" abound, the quantitative data backing our conclusions and suggestions are very sparse and barely compelling; we urge better data collection to support curricular revision, perhaps with the involvement of professional societies.
C1 [Briscoe, Melbourne] OceanGeeks LLC, Alexandria, VA USA.
[Glickson, Deborah] Florida Atlantic Univ, Cooperat Inst Ocean Explorat Res & Technol, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, NOAA, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
[Roberts, Susan] Natl Acad Sci, Ocean Studies Board, 2101 Constitut Ave Nw, Washington, DC 20418 USA.
[Roberts, Susan] Natl Acad Engn, Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC 20418 USA.
[Roberts, Susan] Natl Acad Med, Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA.
[Spinrad, Richard] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Yoder, James] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Acad Programs, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Yoder, James] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Briscoe, M (reprint author), OceanGeeks LLC, Alexandria, VA USA.
EM mel@oceangeeks.com
NR 31
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PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SI SI
BP 22
EP 30
DI 10.5670/oceanog.2016.05
PG 9
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IJ
UT WOS:000374097800005
ER
PT J
AU Levin, L
Girguis, PR
German, CR
Brennan, ML
Tuzun, S
Wagner, J
Smart, C
Kruger, A
Inderbitzen, K
Le, J
Martinez, M
Martinez, C
Kappel, E
Gallo, N
Grupe, BM
AF Levin, Lisa
Girguis, Peter R.
German, Christopher R.
Brennan, Michael L.
Tuzun, Suna
Wagner, Jamie
Smart, Clara
Kruger, Avery
Inderbitzen, Katherine
Le, Jennifer
Martinez, Melinda
Martinez, Catalina
Kappel, Ellen
Gallo, Natalya
Grupe, Benjamin M.
TI Exploration and Discovery of Methane Seeps and Associated Communities in
the California Borderland
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Levin, Lisa; Le, Jennifer; Gallo, Natalya] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Girguis, Peter R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[German, Christopher R.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Brennan, Michael L.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Tuzun, Suna] Ocean Explorat Trust, Marine Archaeol & Maritime Hist, New London, CT USA.
[Wagner, Jamie] Istanbul Univ, Istanbul, Turkey.
[Smart, Clara] Duke Univ, Duke Marine Lab, Durham, NC USA.
[Kruger, Avery] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Ocean Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Inderbitzen, Katherine] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Martinez, Melinda] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Martinez, Catalina] Texas A&M Univ, Corpus Christi, TX USA.
[Kappel, Ellen] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Narragansett, RI USA.
[Grupe, Benjamin M.] Geosci Profess Serv Inc, La Verme, CA 91750 USA.
Fisheries Oceans Canada Inst Ocean Sci, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
RP Levin, L (reprint author), NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Narragansett, RI USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SU S
BP 40
EP 43
PG 4
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IM
UT WOS:000374098100011
ER
PT J
AU Lickliter-Mundon, M
Brennan, ML
Smart, C
Terrell, BG
Schwemmer, RV
Catsambis, A
AF Lickliter-Mundon, Megan
Brennan, Michael L.
Smart, Clara
Terrell, Bruce G.
Schwemmer, Robert V.
Catsambis, Alexis
TI High-Resolution Imaging and Characterization of the USS Macon Airship
Wreck Site
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Lickliter-Mundon, Megan] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA.
[Brennan, Michael L.] Ocean Explorat Trust, Marine Archaeol & Maritime Hist, New London, CT USA.
[Smart, Clara] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Ocean Engn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Terrell, Bruce G.] NOAA, Off Natl Marine Sanctuaries, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Schwemmer, Robert V.] NOAA, Off Natl Marine Sanctuaries, Monterey, CA USA.
[Catsambis, Alexis] Naval Hist & Heritage Command, Underwater Archaeol Branch, Washington, DC USA.
RP Lickliter-Mundon, M (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SU S
BP 44
EP 45
PG 2
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IM
UT WOS:000374098100012
ER
PT J
AU Kennedy, BRC
Elliott, KP
Cantwell, K
Mesick, S
AF Kennedy, Brian R. C.
Elliott, Kelley P.
Cantwell, Kasey
Mesick, Sharon
TI Telepresence-Enabled Exploration with NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Kennedy, Brian R. C.; Cantwell, Kasey] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Narragansett, RI USA.
[Elliott, Kelley P.] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Mesick, Sharon] NOAA, NCEI, Informat Serv Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
RP Kennedy, BRC (reprint author), NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Narragansett, RI USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SU S
BP 50
EP 51
PG 2
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IM
UT WOS:000374098100014
ER
PT J
AU Mesick, S
Gottfried, S
Reser, B
Woodard, K
AF Mesick, Sharon
Gottfried, Susan
Reser, Brendan
Woodard, Katharine
TI Applied Excellence In Data Management
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Mesick, Sharon] NOAA, NCEI, Informat Serv Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
[Gottfried, Susan] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
[Reser, Brendan; Woodard, Katharine] NOAA, Ocean Explorat & Res Data Management Team, Natl Ctr Environm Informat, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
RP Mesick, S (reprint author), NOAA, NCEI, Informat Serv Div, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SU S
BP 56
EP 57
PG 2
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IM
UT WOS:000374098100016
ER
PT J
AU Elliott, KP
Kennedy, BRC
Lobecker, M
Potter, J
AF Elliott, Kelley P.
Kennedy, Brian R. C.
Lobecker, Meme
Potter, Jeremy
TI Okeanos Explorer 2015 Field Season Overview
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Elliott, Kelley P.; Potter, Jeremy] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Kennedy, Brian R. C.] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Narragansett, RI USA.
[Lobecker, Meme] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Durham, NH USA.
RP Elliott, KP (reprint author), NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SU S
BP 58
EP 61
PG 4
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IM
UT WOS:000374098100017
ER
PT J
AU Lobecker, M
McKenna, L
Sowers, D
AF Lobecker, Meme
McKenna, Lindsay
Sowers, Derek
TI 2015 Strategic Mapping Exploration in the Caribbean Sea and Pacific
Ocean: Complementing Existing Data and Supporting ROV Operations
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Lobecker, Meme; McKenna, Lindsay; Sowers, Derek] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Durham, NH USA.
RP Lobecker, M (reprint author), NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Durham, NH USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SU S
BP 62
EP 63
PG 2
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IM
UT WOS:000374098100018
ER
PT J
AU Kennedy, BRC
Quattrini, AM
Cheadle, MJ
Garcia-Moliner, G
Chaytor, J
Ford, M
Lobecker, M
Sowers, D
McKenna, L
Cantwell, K
Schmidt, W
Jimenez, M
Demopoulos, AWJ
Shank, TM
Scharer-Umpierre, M
Mah, CL
AF Kennedy, Brian R. C.
Quattrini, Andrea M.
Cheadle, Michael J.
Garcia-Moliner, Graciela
Chaytor, Jason
Ford, Michael
Lobecker, Meme
Sowers, Derek
McKenna, Lindsay
Cantwell, Kasey
Schmidt, Wilford
Jimenez, Manuel
Demopoulos, Amanda W. J.
Shank, Timothy M.
Scharer-Umpierre, Michelle
Mah, Christopher L.
CA Okeanos Explorer Onshore Sci Team
TI Oceano Profundo 2015: Exploring Puerto Rico's Seamounts, Trenches, and
Troughs
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Kennedy, Brian R. C.] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Narragansett, RI USA.
[Quattrini, Andrea M.] Harvey Mudd Coll, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
[Cheadle, Michael J.] Univ Wyoming, Geol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Garcia-Moliner, Graciela] Caribbean Fishery Management Council, San Juan, PR USA.
[Chaytor, Jason] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Ford, Michael; Cantwell, Kasey] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Lobecker, Meme; Sowers, Derek; McKenna, Lindsay] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Durham, NH USA.
[Schmidt, Wilford] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA.
[Jimenez, Manuel] Univ Puerto Rico, Elect & Comp Engn, Mayaguez, PR USA.
[Jimenez, Manuel] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Engn, Mayaguez, PR USA.
[Demopoulos, Amanda W. J.] US Geol Survey, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Shank, Timothy M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Scharer-Umpierre, Michelle] Univ Puerto Rico, Interdisciplinary Ctr Coastal Studies, Mayaguez, PR USA.
[Mah, Christopher L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Kennedy, BRC (reprint author), NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Narragansett, RI USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SU S
BP 64
EP 67
PG 4
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IM
UT WOS:000374098100019
ER
PT J
AU Kelley, C
France, S
Parrish, F
Wagner, D
Gerringer, M
Garcia, M
AF Kelley, Christopher
France, Scott
Parrish, Frank
Wagner, Daniel
Gerringer, Mackenzie
Garcia, Michael
TI CAPSTONE's First Year-2015 Hohonu Moana: Exploring Deep Waters off
Hawai'i
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Kelley, Christopher] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Undersea Res Lab, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[France, Scott] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Biol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
[Parrish, Frank] NOAA, Protected Species Div, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Wagner, Daniel] NOAA, Papahanaumokuakea Marine Natl Monument, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Gerringer, Mackenzie] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Garcia, Michael] Univ Hawaii, Dept Geol & Geophys, Geol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Kelley, C (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Undersea Res Lab, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SU S
BP 68
EP 73
PG 6
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IM
UT WOS:000374098100020
ER
PT J
AU Keener, P
Crum, E
Hirsh, H
AF Keener, Paula
Crum, Emily
Hirsh, Heidi
TI Okeanos Explorer Engages Far and Wide in 2015
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Keener, Paula] NOAA, Educ, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Charleston, SC USA.
[Crum, Emily] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Key West, FL USA.
[Hirsh, Heidi] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Reg Off, Marine Natl Monument Program, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP Keener, P (reprint author), NOAA, Educ, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Charleston, SC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SU S
BP 74
EP 75
PG 2
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IM
UT WOS:000374098100021
ER
PT J
AU Ballard, RD
Leonardi, AP
AF Ballard, Robert D.
Leonardi, Alan P.
TI New Frontiers in Ocean Exploration The E/V Nautilus and NOAA Ship
Okeanos Explorer 2015 Field Season Epilogue
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Ballard, Robert D.] Ocean Explorat Trust, London, England.
[Ballard, Robert D.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Ctr Ocean Explorat, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Leonardi, Alan P.] NOAA, Off Ocean Explorat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Ballard, RD (reprint author), Ocean Explorat Trust, London, England.; Ballard, RD (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Ctr Ocean Explorat, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SU S
BP 76
EP 77
PG 2
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IM
UT WOS:000374098100022
ER
PT J
AU Akob, DM
Sumy, D
Hermes, J
Horsfall, F
AF Akob, Denise M.
Sumy, Danielle
Hermes, Juliet
Horsfall, Fiona
TI CAREER PROFILES Options and Insights
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Akob, Denise M.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA.
[Sumy, Danielle] Inc Res Inst Seismol, Washington, DC USA.
[Hermes, Juliet] SAEON, Egagasini Node Marine Offshore Syst, Cape Town, South Africa.
[Horsfall, Fiona] NOAA, Climate Serv Branch, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Akob, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA.; Sumy, D (reprint author), Inc Res Inst Seismol, Washington, DC USA.; Hermes, J (reprint author), SAEON, Egagasini Node Marine Offshore Syst, Cape Town, South Africa.; Horsfall, F (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Serv Branch, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM dakob@usgs.gov; danielle.sumy@iris.edu; juliet@saeon.ac.za;
fiona.horsfall@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 29
IS 1
SI SI
BP 106
EP 110
PG 5
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ3IJ
UT WOS:000374097800024
ER
PT J
AU Druon, JN
Fromentin, JM
Hanke, AR
Arrizabalaga, H
Damalas, D
Ticina, V
Quilez-Badia, G
Ramirez, K
Arregui, I
Tserpes, G
Reglero, P
Deflorio, M
Oray, I
Karakulak, FS
Megalbfonou, P
Ceyhan, T
Grubisic, L
MacKenzie, BR
Lamkin, J
Afonso, P
Addis, P
AF Druon, Jean-Noel
Fromentin, Jean-Marc
Hanke, Alex R.
Arrizabalaga, Haritz
Damalas, Dimitrios
Ticina, Vjekoslav
Quilez-Badia, Gemma
Ramirez, Karina
Arregui, Igor
Tserpes, George
Reglero, Patricia
Deflorio, Michele
Oray, Isik
Karakulak, F. Saadet
Megalbfonou, Persefoni
Ceyhan, Tevfik
Grubisic, Leon
MacKenzie, Brian R.
Lamkin, John
Afonso, Pedro
Addis, Piero
TI Habitat suitability of the Atlantic bluefin tuna by size class: An
ecological niche approach
SO PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Review
ID THUNNUS-THYNNUS L.; GULF-OF-MEXICO; WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN SEA; SPAWNING
GROUNDS; DIVING BEHAVIOR; THERMAL BIOLOGY; OCEAN FEATURES; DYNAMIC
OCEAN; MANAGEMENT; PREFERENCES
AB An ecological niche modelling (ENM) approach was used to predict the potential feeding and spawning habitats of small (5-25 kg, only feeding) and large (>25 kg) Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT), Thunnus thynnus, in the Mediterranean Sea, the North Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico. The ENM was built bridging knowledge on ecological traits of ABFT (e.g. temperature tolerance, mobility, feeding and spawning strategy) with patterns of selected environmental variables (chlorophyll-a fronts and concentration, sea surface current and temperature, sea surface height anomaly) that were identified using an extensive set of precisely geo-located presence data. The results highlight a wider temperature tolerance for larger fish allowing them to feed in the northern high chlorophyll levels latitudes up to the Norwegian Sea in the eastern Atlantic and to the Gulf of Saint Lawrence in the western basin. Permanent suitable feeding habitat for small ABFT was predicted to be mostly located in temperate latitudes in the North Atlantic and in the Mediterranean Sea, as well as in subtropical waters off north-west Africa, while summer potential habitat in the Gulf of Mexico was found to be unsuitable for both small and large ABFTs. Potential spawning grounds were found to occur in the Gulf of Mexico from March April in the south-east to April May in the north, while favourable conditions evolve in the Mediterranean Sea from mid-May in the eastern to mid-July in the western basin. Other secondary potential spawning grounds not supported by observations were predicted in the Azores area and off Morocco to Senegal during July and August when extrapolating the model settings from the Gulf of Mexico into the North Atlantic. The presence of large ABFT off Florida and the Bahamas in spring was not explained by the model as is, however the environmental variables other than the sea surface height anomaly appeared to be favourable for spawning in part of this area. Defining key spatial and temporal habitats should further help in building spatially-explicit stock assessment models, thus improving the spatial management of bluefin tuna fisheries. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Druon, Jean-Noel; Damalas, Dimitrios] Commiss European Communities, Inst Protect & Secur Citizen, Maritime Affairs Unit, Joint Res Ctr, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
[Fromentin, Jean-Marc] IFREMER, Stn Sete, Ave Jean Monnet,CS 30171, F-34203 Sete, France.
[Hanke, Alex R.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, St Andrews Biol Stn, 531 Brandy Cove Rd, St Andrews, NB E5B 2L9, Canada.
[Arrizabalaga, Haritz; Arregui, Igor] AZTI Tecnalia, Div Marine Res, Pasaia 20110, Basque Country, Spain.
[Ticina, Vjekoslav; Grubisic, Leon] Inst Oceanog & Fisheries, Mestrovica 63, Setaliste Ivana 21000, Split, Croatia.
[Quilez-Badia, Gemma] WWF Mediterranean Programme Off, C Canuda 37 3Er, Barcelona 08002, Spain.
[Ramirez, Karina] Inst Nacl Pesca, Direcc Gen Invest Pesquera Atlantico, Sonora, Mexico.
[Tserpes, George] Hellen Ctr Marine Res, Inst Marine Biol Resources & Inland Waters, POB 2214, Iraklion 71003, Greece.
[Reglero, Patricia] Inst Espanol Oceanog, Moll Ponent S-N, Palma De Mallorca 07015, Balearic Island, Spain.
[Deflorio, Michele] Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dipartimento Sci Suolo Pianta & Alimenti DISSPA, Campus Univ,Via Amendola 165-A, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Oray, Isik; Karakulak, F. Saadet] Istanbul Univ, Fac Fisheries, Ordu St 200, TR-34470 Istanbul, Turkey.
[Megalbfonou, Persefoni] Univ Athens, Fac Biol, Dept Zool Marine Biol, Athens 15784, Greece.
[Ceyhan, Tevfik] Ege Univ, Fac Fisheries, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey.
[MacKenzie, Brian R.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Inst Aquat Resources DTU Aqua, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark.
[Lamkin, John] NOAA NMFS SEFSC, 75 Virginia Beach Dr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Afonso, Pedro] Univ Acores, Dept Oceanog & Pescas, Rua Prof Dr Frederico Machado, P-9901862 Horta, Portugal.
[Addis, Piero] Univ Cagliari, Dipartimento Sci Vita & Ambiente, Via Fiorelli 1, I-09126 Cagliari, Italy.
RP Druon, JN (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Inst Protect & Secur Citizen, Maritime Affairs Unit, Joint Res Ctr, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
EM jean-noel.druon@jrc.ec.europa.eu
RI Afonso, Pedro/B-7815-2013;
OI Afonso, Pedro/0000-0002-4618-2589; Arrizabalaga,
Haritz/0000-0002-3861-6316
NR 69
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0079-6611
J9 PROG OCEANOGR
JI Prog. Oceanogr.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 142
BP 30
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.pocean.2016.01.002
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DJ0AM
UT WOS:000373863800003
ER
PT J
AU Key, J
Wang, XJ
Liu, YH
Dworak, R
Letterly, A
AF Key, Jeffrey
Wang, Xuanji
Liu, Yinghui
Dworak, Richard
Letterly, Aaron
TI The AVHRR Polar Pathfinder Climate Data Records
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE sea ice; radiation; climate data record; Antarctic; AVHRR; clouds;
Arctic; Polar regions
ID ICE SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; SEA-ICE; RADIATION PROPERTIES; ARCTIC SURFACE;
RECENT TRENDS; CLOUD COVER; AMPLIFICATION; CHANNELS; MODELS; BUDGET
AB With recent, dramatic changes in Arctic sea ice and the Antarctic ice sheets, the importance of monitoring the climate of the polar regions has never been greater. While many individual global satellite products exist, the AVHRR Polar Pathfinder products provide a comprehensive set of variables that can be used to study trends and interactions within the Arctic and Antarctic climate systems. This paper describes the AVHRR Polar Pathfinder (APP), which is a fundamental climate data record that provides channel reflectances and brightness temperatures, and the AVHRR Polar Pathfinder-Extended (APP-x), which is a thematic climate data record that builds on APP to provide information on surface and cloud properties and radiative fluxes. Both datasets cover the period from 1982 through the present, twice daily, over both polar regions. APP-x has been used in the study of trends in surface properties, cloud cover, and radiative fluxes, interactions between clouds and sea ice, and the role of land surface changes in summer warming.
C1 [Key, Jeffrey] NOAA, NESDIS, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Wang, Xuanji; Liu, Yinghui; Dworak, Richard; Letterly, Aaron] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Key, J (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jkey@ssec.wisc.edu; xuanjiw@ssec.wisc.edu; yinghuil@ssec.wisc.edu;
rdworak@ssec.wisc.edu; aaron.letterly@ssec.wisc.edu
RI Key, Jeffrey/F-5597-2010
OI Key, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6109-3050
FU NOAA Climate Data Records program; National Science Foundation's Arctic
System Science program [ARC 1023371]
FX This work was supported by the NOAA Climate Data Records program and the
National Science Foundation's Arctic System Science program (ARC
1023371). A number of people at the National Centers for Environmental
Information (NCEI) Center for Weather and Climate (Asheville, North
Carolina; formerly the National Climate Data Center) devoted
considerable time and energy to the transition of APP and APP-x from a
research environment to NCEI, notably Alisa Young, Heather Brown, and
Daniel Wunder. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this
report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an
official National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or U.S.
Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 3
DI 10.3390/rs8030167
PG 19
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA DI6RJ
UT WOS:000373627400022
ER
PT J
AU Liang, XM
Ignatov, A
Kramar, M
Yu, FF
AF Liang, Xingming
Ignatov, Alexander
Kramar, Maxim
Yu, Fangfang
TI Preliminary Inter-Comparison between AHI, VIIRS and MODIS Clear-Sky
Ocean Radiances for Accurate SST Retrievals
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE AHI; ACSPO; MICROS; VIIRS; MODIS; S-NPP; Terra; Himawari-8; Aqua; SST
ID TEMPERATURE; CALIBRATION
AB Clear-sky brightness temperatures (BT) in five bands of the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI; flown onboard Himawari-8 satellite) centered at 3.9, 8.6, 10.4, 11.2, and 12.3 mu m (denoted by IR37, IR86, IR10, IR11, and IR12, respectively) are used in the NOAA Advanced Clear-Sky Processor for Oceans (ACSPO) sea surface temperature (SST) retrieval system. Here, AHI BTs are preliminarily evaluated for stability and consistency with the corresponding VIIRS and MODIS BTs, using the sensor observation minus model simulation (O-M) biases and corresponding double differences. The objective is to ensure accurate and consistent SST products from the polar and geo sensors, and to prepare for the launch of the GOES-R satellite in 2016. All five AHI SST bands are found to be largely in-family with their polar counterparts, but biased low relative to the VIIRS and MODIS (which, in turn, were found to be stable and consistent, except for Terra IR86, which is biased high by 1.5 K). The negative biases are larger in IR37 and IR12 (up to ~-0.5 K), followed by the three remaining longwave IR bands IR86, IR10, and IR11 (from -0.3 to -0.4 K). These negative biases may be in part due to the uncertainties in AHI calibration and characterization, although uncertainties in the coefficients of the Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM, used to generate the "M" term) may also contribute. Work is underway to add AHI analyses in the NOAA Monitoring of IR Clear-Sky Radiances over Oceans for SST (MICROS) system and improve AHI BTs by collaborating with the sensor calibration and CRTM teams. The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) analyses will be also added in MICROS when GOES-R is launched in late 2016 and the ABI IR data become available.
C1 [Liang, Xingming; Ignatov, Alexander; Kramar, Maxim; Yu, Fangfang] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Liang, Xingming] CIRA, CSU, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Kramar, Maxim] GST Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20740 USA.
[Yu, Fangfang] ERT Inc, Laurel, MD 20707 USA.
RP Liang, XM (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.; Liang, XM (reprint author), CIRA, CSU, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM Xingming.Liang@noaa.gov; Alex.Ignatov@noaa.gov; Maxim.Kramar@noaa.gov;
Fangfang.Yu@noaa.gov
FU JPSS Office; GOES-R Program Office; NOAA Product System Development and
Implementation (PSDI) and Ocean Remote Sensing Programs
FX This work is supported by the JPSS and GOES-R Program Offices, and by
the NOAA Product System Development and Implementation (PSDI) and Ocean
Remote Sensing Programs. Xingming Liang acknowledges the CSU CIRA
research scientist fellowship. Thanks go to Boris Petrenko, Irina
Gladkova for their Himawari-8 ACSPO analyses and productive discussions.
Yury Kihai, John Stroup, Yaoxian Huang, and John Sapper of NOAA also
contributed to the ACSPO development, data collection and analyses, and
provided critical feedback and advice. Thanks also go to FredWu, co-lead
of the NOAA geo calibration team, and to the JAXA and JMA for providing
timely and highly accurate AHI L1b data. Thanks to Yong Chen of the NOAA
Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation (JCSDA) for providing the
spectral radiance data plotted in Figure 1. Thanks to Xiaoxiong Xiong of
NASA, Junqiang Sun and Changyong Cao of NOAA STAR for helpful
discussions and to Quanhua Liu, Paul Van Delst, David Groff and Fuzhong
Weng of the JCSDA for providing the CRTM. We also thank three anonymous
reviewers for constructive suggestions. The views, opinions, and
findings contained in this report are those of the authors and should
not be construed as an official NOAA or U.S. Government position,
policy, or decision.
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 8
U2 14
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 3
DI 10.3390/rs8030203
PG 13
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA DI6RJ
UT WOS:000373627400012
ER
PT J
AU Shao, X
Cao, CY
Liu, TC
AF Shao, Xi
Cao, Changyong
Liu, Tung-Chang
TI Spectral Dependent Degradation of the Solar Diffuser on Suomi-NPP VIIRS
Due to Surface Roughness-Induced Rayleigh Scattering
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE solar diffuser; VIIRS; Rayleigh scattering; surface roughness; spectral
dependent degradation
ID IMAGING SPECTROMETER MERIS; BOARD CALIBRATION SYSTEMS; RADIOMETRIC
CALIBRATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; STABILITY; ORBIT; CONTAMINATION;
ULTRAVIOLET; SATELLITE; ONBOARD
AB The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard Suomi National Polar Orbiting Partnership (SNPP) uses a solar diffuser (SD) as its radiometric calibrator for the reflective solar band calibration. The SD is made of Spectralon (TM) (one type of fluoropolymer) and was chosen because of its controlled reflectance in the Visible/Near-Infrared/Shortwave-Infrared region and its near-Lambertian reflectance property. On-orbit changes in VIIRS SD reflectance as monitored by the Solar Diffuser Stability Monitor showed faster degradation of SD reflectance for 0.4 to 0.6 mu m channels than the longer wavelength channels. Analysis of VIIRS SD reflectance data show that the spectral dependent degradation of SD reflectance in short wavelength can be explained with a SD Surface Roughness (length scale << wavelength) based Rayleigh Scattering (SRRS) model due to exposure to solar UV radiation and energetic particles. The characteristic length parameter of the SD surface roughness is derived from the long term reflectance data of the VIIRS SD and it changes at approximately the tens of nanometers level over the operational period of VIIRS. This estimated roughness length scale is consistent with the experimental result from radiation exposure of a fluoropolymer sample and validates the applicability of the Rayleigh scattering-based model. The model is also applicable to explaining the spectral dependent degradation of the SDs on other satellites. This novel approach allows us to better understand the physical processes of the SD degradation, and is complementary to previous mathematics based models.
C1 [Shao, Xi] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cao, Changyong] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res,NCWCP,E RA2, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Liu, Tung-Chang] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Shao, X (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM xshao@umd.edu; changyong.cao@noaa.gov; tcliu@umd.edu
RI Shao, Xi/H-9452-2016; Cao, Changyong/F-5578-2010;
OI Wang, Zhuo/0000-0002-0056-694X
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 3
DI 10.3390/rs8030254
PG 15
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA DI6RJ
UT WOS:000373627400031
ER
PT J
AU Sun, JQ
Wang, MH
AF Sun, Junqiang
Wang, Menghua
TI VIIRS Reflective Solar Bands Calibration Progress and Its Impact on
Ocean Color Products
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Review
DE ocean color remote sensing; calibration; reflective solar bands; VIIRS;
moon; solar diffuser; radiance
ID IMAGING RADIOMETER SUITE; ON-ORBIT CALIBRATION; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION;
SEAWIFS; LUNAR; PERFORMANCE; SENSITIVITY; IRRADIANCE; ALGORITHM;
DIFFUSER
AB The radiometric calibration for the reflective solar bands (RSB) of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on board the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) platform has reached a mature stage after four years since its launch. The characterization of the vignetting effect of the attenuation screens, the bidirectional reflectance factor of the solar diffuser, the degradation performance of the solar diffuser, and the calibration coefficient of the RSB have all been made robust. Additional investigations into the time-dependent out-of-band relative spectral response and the solar diffuser degradation non-uniformity effect have led to newer insights. In particular, it has been demonstrated that the solar diffuser (SD) degradation non-uniformity effect induces long-term bias in the SD-calibration result. A mitigation approach, the so-called Hybrid Method, incorporating lunar-based calibration results, successfully restores the calibration to achieve ~0.2% level accuracy. The successfully calibrated RSB data record significantly impacts the ocean color products, whose stringent requirements are especially sensitive to calibration accuracy, and helps the ocean color products to reach maturity.
C1 [Sun, Junqiang; Wang, Menghua] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, E RA3,5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Sun, Junqiang] Global Sci & Technol, 7855 Walker Dr,Suite 200, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
RP Sun, JQ (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, E RA3,5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.; Sun, JQ (reprint author), Global Sci & Technol, 7855 Walker Dr,Suite 200, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
EM junqiang.sun@noaa.gov; menghua.wang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Menghua/F-5631-2010
OI Wang, Menghua/0000-0001-7019-3125
FU Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS)
FX The work was supported by the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS)
funding. We thank the MOBY team for providing the in situ data. The
views, opinions, and findings contained in this paper are those of the
authors and should not be construed as an official NOAA or U.S.
Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 48
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 3
DI 10.3390/rs8030194
PG 20
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA DI6RJ
UT WOS:000373627400081
ER
PT J
AU Sun, JQ
Madhavan, S
Wang, MH
AF Sun, Junqiang
Madhavan, Sriharsha
Wang, Menghua
TI Investigation and Mitigation of the Crosstalk Effect in Terra MODIS Band
30
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE thermal emissive bands; moon; striping; Terra; crosstalk; MODIS;
radiometric improvements
ID ELECTRONIC CROSSTALK
AB It has been previously reported that thermal emissive bands (TEB) 27-29 in the Terra (T-) MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) have been significantly affected by electronic crosstalk. Successful linear theory of the electronic crosstalk effect was formulated, and it successfully characterized the effect via the use of lunar observations as viable inputs. In this paper, we report the successful characterization and mitigation of the electronic crosstalk for T-MODIS band 30 using the same characterization methodology. Though the phenomena of the electronic crosstalk have been well documented in previous works, the novel for band 30 is the need to also apply electronic crosstalk correction to the non-linear term in the calibration coefficient. The lack of this necessity in early works thus demonstrates the distinct difference of band 30, and, yet, in the same instances, the overall correctness of the characterization formulation. For proper result, the crosstalk correction is applied to the band 30 calibration coefficients including the non-linear term, and also to the earth view radiance. We demonstrate that the crosstalk correction achieves a long-term radiometric correction of approximately 1.5 K for desert targets and 1.0 K for ocean scenes. Significant striping removal in the Baja Peninsula earth view imagery is also demonstrated due to the successful amelioration of detector differences caused by the crosstalk effect. Similarly significant improvement in detector difference is shown for the selected ocean and desert targets over the entire mission history. In particular, band 30 detector 8, which has been flagged as "out of family" is restored by the removal of the crosstalk contamination. With the correction achieved, the science applications based on band 30 can be significantly improved. The linear formulation, the characterization methodology, and the crosstalk effect correction coefficients derived using lunar observations are once again demonstrated to work remarkably well.
C1 [Sun, Junqiang; Wang, Menghua] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, E RA3,5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Sun, Junqiang] Global Sci & Technol, 7855 Walker Dr,Suite 200, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
[Madhavan, Sriharsha] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd,Suite 600, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
[Madhavan, Sriharsha] George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & Geoinformat Sci, 4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Sun, JQ (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, E RA3,5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.; Sun, JQ (reprint author), Global Sci & Technol, 7855 Walker Dr,Suite 200, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA.
EM junqiang.sun@noaa.gov; sriharsha.madhavan@ssaihq.com;
menghua.wang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Menghua/F-5631-2010;
OI Wang, Menghua/0000-0001-7019-3125; sun, junqiang/0000-0001-5913-0510
NR 13
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 3
DI 10.3390/rs8030249
PG 17
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA DI6RJ
UT WOS:000373627400059
ER
PT J
AU Yu, FF
Wu, XQ
AF Yu, Fangfang
Wu, Xiangqian
TI Radiometric Inter-Calibration between Himawari-8 AHI and S-NPP VIIRS for
the Solar Reflective Bands
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE solar reflective bands; Deep Convective Cloud (DCC); collocation;
inter-calibration; Himawari AHI; GOES-R ABI; ray-matching; S-NPP VIIRS
ID DEEP CONVECTIVE CLOUDS; INFRARED CHANNELS; SATELLITE; STABILITY;
ACCURACY
AB The Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) on-board Himawari-8, which was launched on 7 October 2014, is the first geostationary instrument housed with a solar diffuser to provide accurate onboard calibrated data for the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) bands. In this study, the Ray-matching and collocated Deep Convective Cloud (DCC) methods, both of which are based on incidently collocated homogeneous pairs between AHI and Suomi NPP (S-NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), are used to evaluate the calibration difference between these two instruments. While the Ray-matching method is used to examine the reflectance difference over the all-sky collocations with similar viewing and illumination geometries, the near lambertian collocated DCC pxiels are used to examine the difference for the median or high reflectance scenes. Strong linear relationships between AHI and VIIRS can be found at all the paired AHI and VIIRS bands. Results of both methods indicate that AHI radiometric calibration accuracy agrees well with VIIRS data within 5% for B1-4 and B6 at mid and high reflectance scenes, while AHI B5 is generally brighter than VIIRS by ~6%-8%. No apparent East-West viewing angle dependent calibration difference can be found at all the VNIR bands. Compared to the Ray-matching method, the collocated DCC method provides less uncertainty of inter-calibration results at near-infrared (NIR) bands. As AHI has similar optics and calibration designs to the GOES-R Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI), which is currently scheduled to launch in fall 2016, the on-orbit AHI data provides a unique opportunity to develop, test and examine the cal/val tools developed for ABI.
C1 [Yu, Fangfang] Earth Resources Technol Inc, 14401 Sweitzer Lane,Suite 300, Laurel, MD 20707 USA.
[Wu, Xiangqian] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Yu, FF (reprint author), Earth Resources Technol Inc, 14401 Sweitzer Lane,Suite 300, Laurel, MD 20707 USA.
EM Fangfang.Yu@noaa.gov; Xiangqian.Wu@noaa.gov
RI Wu, Xiangqian/F-5634-2010; Yu, Fangfang/E-7942-2011
OI Wu, Xiangqian/0000-0002-7804-5650; Yu, Fangfang/0000-0001-8343-0863
FU GOES-R program
FX This work was funded by GOES-R program. We would like to thank Japan
Meteorological Agency for sharing the Himawari AHI data and many
valuable discussions with NOAA colleagues: Boryana Efremova and
Changyong Cao on the VIIRS calibration, Aaron Pearlman on ABI pre-launch
calibration, Pubu Ciren on sun glint effect, and Wenhui Wang on the
VIIRS DCC reflectance. We also appreciate the time and valuable internal
review comments from Bob Iacovazzi and Boryana Efremova. This manuscript
content is solely the opinions of the authors and do not constitute a
statement of policy, decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or the U.S.
government. The authors thank anonymous reviewers for valuable comments
that greatly helped in improving the quality of this manuscript.
NR 29
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PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 3
DI 10.3390/rs8030165
PG 16
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA DI6RJ
UT WOS:000373627400011
ER
PT J
AU Grutter, AJ
AF Grutter, A. J.
TI Perspective: Probing 2-D magnetic structures in a 3-D world
SO APL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLARIZED-NEUTRON REFLECTOMETRY; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE; X-RAY
ABSORPTION; RESONANCE EXCHANGE SCATTERING; DOPED TOPOLOGICAL INSULATOR;
THIN-FILMS; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; OXIDE SUPERLATTICES; SPECTROSCOPY;
INTERFACES
AB Magnetic interfaces have been identified as promising systems upon which to base next-generation spintronic devices. In these nearly two-dimensional systems, deviations from bulk electronic structure and competition between nearly degenerate magnetic ground states allow the stabilization of widely tunable emergent properties. However, ever smaller length scales pose new challenges which must be overcome in order to understand and control magnetic properties at the atomic level. Using recent examples in oxide heterostructures and topological insulators, we discuss how combining techniques such as neutron scattering, X-ray scattering, X-ray spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy enables the probing of magnetism on the Angstrom scale. (C) 2016 Author(s).
C1 [Grutter, A. J.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Grutter, AJ (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 87
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 27
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2166-532X
J9 APL MATER
JI APL Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 4
IS 3
AR 032402
DI 10.1063/1.4944630
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA DI7MO
UT WOS:000373685100008
ER
PT J
AU Mathai, PP
Liddle, JA
Stavis, SM
AF Mathai, P. P.
Liddle, J. A.
Stavis, S. M.
TI Optical tracking of nanoscale particles in microscale environments
SO APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID SINGLE FLUORESCENT PARTICLES; EXCEEDING CLASSICAL LIMIT; UNDERGO HOP
DIFFUSION; REAL-TIME TRACKING; SUPERRESOLUTION MICROSCOPY;
BROWNIAN-MOTION; 3 DIMENSIONS; LOCALIZATION ALGORITHMS; 3-DIMENSIONAL
TRACKING; INSTANTANEOUS VELOCITY
AB The trajectories of nanoscale particles through microscale environments record useful information about both the particles and the environments. Optical microscopes provide efficient access to this information through measurements of light in the far field from nanoparticles. Such measurements necessarily involve trade-offs in tracking capabilities. This article presents a measurement framework, based on information theory, that facilitates a more systematic understanding of such trade-offs to rationally design tracking systems for diverse applications. This framework includes the degrees of freedom of optical microscopes, which determine the limitations of tracking measurements in theory. In the laboratory, tracking systems are assemblies of sources and sensors, optics and stages, and nanoparticle emitters. The combined characteristics of such systems determine the limitations of tracking measurements in practice. This article reviews this tracking hardware with a focus on the essential functions of nanoparticles as optical emitters and microenvironmental probes. Within these theoretical and practical limitations, experimentalists have implemented a variety of tracking systems with different capabilities. This article reviews a selection of apparatuses and techniques for tracking multiple and single particles by tuning illumination and detection, and by using feedback and confinement to improve the measurements. Prior information is also useful in many tracking systems and measurements, which apply across a broad spectrum of science and technology. In the context of the framework and review of apparatuses and techniques, this article reviews a selection of applications, with particle diffusion serving as a prelude to tracking measurements in biological, fluid, and material systems, fabrication and assembly processes, and engineered devices. In so doing, this review identifies trends and gaps in particle tracking that might influence future research. (C) 2016 Author(s).
C1 [Mathai, P. P.; Liddle, J. A.; Stavis, S. M.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mathai, P. P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Mathai, PP; Stavis, SM (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Mathai, PP (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM pramod.m@gmail.com; samuel.stavis@nist.gov
RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013
OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910
FU University of Maryland [70ANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards
and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the
University of Maryland [70ANB10H193]; NIST Innovations in Measurement
Science Program
FX P.P.M. acknowledges support under the Cooperative Research Agreement
between the University of Maryland and the National Institute of
Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
Award No. 70ANB10H193, through the University of Maryland. S.M.S.
acknowledges support under the NIST Innovations in Measurement Science
Program. The authors gratefully acknowledge Gregg Gallatin for software
to simulate point spread functions, Jon Geist and Veronika Szalai for
helpful reviews of this article, Kartik Srinivasan and Amit Agrawal for
helpful discussions about light sources and sensors, and Vivek Amin and
Andrew Balk for assistance with software to make plots.
NR 175
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 10
U2 40
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1931-9401
J9 APPL PHYS REV
JI Appl. Phys. Rev.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 1
AR 011105
DI 10.1063/1.4941675
PG 26
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DI7MY
UT WOS:000373686200005
ER
PT J
AU McClelland, JJ
Steele, AV
Knuffman, B
Twedt, KA
Schwarzkopf, A
Wilson, TM
AF McClelland, J. J.
Steele, A. V.
Knuffman, B.
Twedt, K. A.
Schwarzkopf, A.
Wilson, T. M.
TI Bright focused ion beam sources based on laser-cooled atoms
SO APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID COHERENCE ELECTRON BUNCHES; MONTE-CARLO CALCULATION; MAGNETOOPTICAL
TRAP; LIQUID-METAL; NEUTRAL ATOMS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OPTICAL MOLASSES;
COLD ATOMS; COULOMB INTERACTIONS; SURFACE-ANALYSIS
AB Nanoscale focused ion beams (FIBs) represent one of the most useful tools in nanotechnology, enabling nanofabrication via milling and gas-assisted deposition, microscopy and microanalysis, and selective, spatially resolved doping of materials. Recently, a new type of FIB source has emerged, which uses ionization of laser cooled neutral atoms to produce the ion beam. The extremely cold temperatures attainable with laser cooling (in the range of 100 mu K or below) result in a beam of ions with a very small transverse velocity distribution. This corresponds to a source with extremely high brightness that rivals or may even exceed the brightness of the industry standard Ga+ liquid metal ion source. In this review, we discuss the context of ion beam technology in which these new ion sources can play a role, their principles of operation, and some examples of recent demonstrations. The field is relatively new, so only a few applications have been demonstrated, most notably low energy ion microscopy with Li ions. Nevertheless, a number of promising new approaches have been proposed and/or demonstrated, suggesting that a rapid evolution of this type of source is likely in the near future. (C) 2016 Author(s).
C1 [McClelland, J. J.; Steele, A. V.; Knuffman, B.; Twedt, K. A.; Schwarzkopf, A.; Wilson, T. M.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Steele, A. V.; Knuffman, B.; Schwarzkopf, A.] ZeroK NanoTech, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA.
[Twedt, K. A.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Twedt, K. A.; Wilson, T. M.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
RP McClelland, JJ (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
OI McClelland, Jabez/0000-0001-5672-5965
FU University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards
and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the
University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; National Science Foundation
[1353447]
FX The authors wish to thank M. Jacka, J. Hanssen, D. Narum, J. Orloff, D.
Stewart, G. Schwind, M. Maazouz, D. Tuggle, W. Parker, C. Rue, M.
Scheinfein, J. Melngailis, E. Vredenbregt, O. Luiten, D. Comparat, R.
Scholten, and M. Stiles for useful discussions over the years as this
field has evolved. K.A.T. acknowledges support under the Cooperative
Research Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National
Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and
Technology, Award 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland.
A.V.S., B.K., and A.D.S. acknowledge support from the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. 1353447.
NR 173
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U1 12
U2 22
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 1931-9401
J9 APPL PHYS REV
JI Appl. Phys. Rev.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 1
AR 011302
DI 10.1063/1.4944491
PG 33
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DI7MY
UT WOS:000373686200008
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, HM
Tong, DQ
Lee, P
Kim, H
Lei, H
AF Zhao, Hongmei
Tong, Daniel Q.
Lee, Pius
Kim, Hyuncheol
Lei, Hang
TI Reconstructing Fire Records from Ground-Based Routine Aerosol Monitoring
SO ATMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE aerosol; ground-based aerosol monitoring; fire identification; fire
ID BIOMASS BURNING PARTICLES; EMISSION FACTORS; PRESCRIBED FIRES;
NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; TRACE GASES; CLIMATE; IMPACT
AB Long-term fire records are important to understanding the trend of biomass burning and its interactions with air quality and climate at regional and global scales. Traditionally, such data have been compiled from ground surveys or satellite remote sensing. To obtain aerosol information during a fire event to use in analyzing air quality, we propose a new method of developing a long-term fire record for the contiguous United States using an unconventional data source: ground-based aerosol monitoring. Assisted by satellite fire detection, the mass concentration, size distribution, and chemical composition data of surface aerosols collected from the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) network are examined to identify distinct aerosol characteristics during satellite-detected fire and non-fire periods. During a fire episode, elevated aerosol concentrations and heavy smoke are usually recorded by ground monitors and satellite sensors. Based on the unique physical and chemical characteristics of fire-dominated aerosols reported in the literature, we analyzed the surface aerosol observations from the IMPROVE network during satellite-detected fire events to establish a set of indicators to identify fire events from routine aerosol monitoring data. Five fire identification criteria were chosen: (1) high concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 (particles smaller than 2.5 and 10 in diameters, respectively); (2) a high PM2.5/PM10 ratio; (3) high organic carbon (OC/PM2.5) and elemental carbon (EC/PM2.5) ratios; (4) a high potassium (K/PM2.5) ratio; and (5) a low soil/PM2.5 ratio. Using these criteria, we are able to identify a number of fire episodes close to 15 IMPROVE monitors from 2001 to 2011. Most of these monitors are located in the Western and Central United States. In any given year within the study period fire events often occurred between April and September, especially in the two months of April and September. This ground-based fire climatology is also consistent with that derived from satellite retrievals. This study demonstrates that it is feasible to reconstruct historic records of fire events based on continuous ground aerosol monitoring. This dataset can provide not only fire activity information but also fire-induced aerosol surface concentrations and chemical composition that can be used to verify satellite-based products and evaluate air quality and climate modeling results. However, caution needs to be exercised because these indicators are based on a limited number of fire events, and the proposed methodology should be further tested and confirmed in future research.
C1 [Zhao, Hongmei] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Wetland Ecol & Environm, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Changchun 130102, Peoples R China.
[Tong, Daniel Q.; Lee, Pius; Kim, Hyuncheol; Lei, Hang] US NOAA Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Tong, Daniel Q.; Kim, Hyuncheol] UMD Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Tong, DQ (reprint author), US NOAA Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.; Tong, DQ (reprint author), UMD Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM zhaohongmei@iga.ac.cn; daniel.tong@noaa.gov; pius.lee@noaa.gov;
Hyuncheol.kim@noaa.gov; hang.lei@noaa.gov
RI Kim, Hyun/G-1315-2012; Tong, Daniel/A-8255-2008
OI Kim, Hyun/0000-0003-3968-6145; Tong, Daniel/0000-0002-4255-4568
FU National Key Technology RD Program [2014BAC16B03]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [41201495]; Chinese Academy of
Sciences/State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (CAS/SAFEA)
[KZZD-EW-TZ-07]; Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province
[20150101010JC]
FX We thank the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments
and helpful suggestions. This work is financially supported by the
National Key Technology R&D Program (No. 2014BAC16B03), the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41201495), the Chinese Academy
of Sciences/State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (CAS/SAFEA)
International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams (No.
KZZD-EW-TZ-07), and the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province
(No. 20150101010JC). The assistance of the U.S. NOAA Air Resources
Laboratory is also gratefully acknowledged.
NR 26
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U1 3
U2 9
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2073-4433
J9 ATMOSPHERE-BASEL
JI Atmosphere
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 3
DI 10.3390/atmos7030043
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI5HO
UT WOS:000373529700016
ER
PT J
AU Trapp, RJ
Stensrud, DJ
Coniglio, MC
Schumacher, RS
Baldwin, ME
Waugh, S
Conlee, DT
AF Trapp, Robert J.
Stensrud, David J.
Coniglio, Michael C.
Schumacher, Russ S.
Baldwin, Michael E.
Waugh, Sean
Conlee, Don T.
TI Mobile Radiosonde Deployments during the Mesoscale Predictability
Experiment (MPEX): Rapid and Adaptive Sampling of Upscale Convective
Feedbacks
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
AB The Mesoscale Predictability Experiment (MPEX) was a field campaign conducted 15 May through 15 June 2013 within the Great Plains region of the United States. One of the research foci of MPEX regarded the upscaling effects of deep convective storms on their environment, and how these feed back to the convective-scale dynamics and predictability. Balloon-borne GPS radiosondes, or "upsondes," were used to sample such environmental feedbacks. Two of the upsonde teams employed dual-frequency sounding systems that allowed for upsonde observations at intervals as fast as 15 min. Because these dual-frequency systems also had the capacity for full mobility during sonde reception, highly adaptive and rapid storm-relative sampling of the convectively modified environment was possible. This article documents the mobile sounding capabilities and unique sampling strategies employed during MPEX.
C1 [Trapp, Robert J.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Stensrud, David J.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Coniglio, Michael C.; Waugh, Sean] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Schumacher, Russ S.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Baldwin, Michael E.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Conlee, Don T.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA.
RP Trapp, RJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, 105 S Gregory St, College Stn, TX USA.
EM jtrapp@illinois.edu
RI Schumacher, Russ/A-9979-2009
OI Schumacher, Russ/0000-0002-4404-3104
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 3
BP 329
EP 336
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00258.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI9DJ
UT WOS:000373801300001
ER
PT J
AU Kieper, ME
Landsea, CW
Beven, JL
AF Kieper, Margaret E.
Landsea, Christopher W.
Beven, John L., II
TI A Reanalysis of Hurricane Camille
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID LANDFALL; DATABASE; INTENSITY; EVOLUTION; MODEL
AB A reanalysis of 1969's Hurricane Camille has been completed as part of the Atlantic Hurricane Database Reanalysis Project. The reanalysis of Hurricane Camille has been expedited to allow for a homogeneous comparison of all four of the U.S.-landfalling Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale category 5 hurricanes since 1900. A review of the available ship, station, radar, aircraft, and satellite observations is presented, along with the reanalysis methodology. Highlights of the Best-Track Change Committee approved changes to Camille's genesis, track, intensity, and dissipation are discussed. As part of the preparation for the reanalysis, research on Hurricane Camille uncovered new data useful to the reanalysis. Focus was placed on understanding the internal structure in a modern context, especially whether eyewall replacement cycles occurred, including comparisons with a similar hurricane used as a proxy. A more detailed understanding was gained of the tropical wave and genesis phases. In addition, a 901-mb dropsonde that was later rejected was reanalyzed to find out why and to see if an accurate central pressure could be determined. New landfall surface pressures along the Mississippi coast were discovered and a significant revision is made to the U.S.-landfall central pressure and intensity (maximum sustained surface winds). Additionally, a radar "loop" was constructed from archived Weather Surveillance Radar-1957 (WSR-57) film, including landfall, marking the very first time that this historic hurricane can be viewed in a time-lapse movie format.
C1 [Kieper, Margaret E.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Landsea, Christopher W.; Beven, John L., II] NOAA NWS NCEP Natl Hurricane Ctr, 11691 SW 17th St, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
RP Landsea, CW (reprint author), NOAA NWS NCEP Natl Hurricane Ctr, 11691 SW 17th St, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
EM chris.landsea@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Climate Program Office
FX This work has been sponsored by a grant from the NOAA Climate Program
Office on "Atlantic basin tropical cyclone database reanalysis and
impact of incomplete sampling." The authors wish to thank the remainder
of the NHC Best-Track Change Committee (Eric Blake, Todd Kimberlain,
Richard Pasch, Gladys Rubio, and Eric Uhlhorn) for their comments and
detailed suggestions leading to the final revisions to Camille's best
track (the third author on this paper is the chair of the committee).
Sandy Delgado provided the revised track map for Camille. Special thanks
to Scott Stephens and Gregory Hammer of National Climate Data Center for
providing copies of the original archived WSR-57 radar imagery for
Camille. Special thanks also Trish Nugent, C. A., special collections
and archives coordinator, Monroe Library, Loyola University, New
Orleans, for providing access to the Nash Roberts Camille archive
papers. Thanks to Hugh Willoughby for assisting with the 901-mb sonde
analysis. Many thanks to Louis M. Kyriakoudes, Ph.D., director of the
Center for Oral History and Cultural Heritage at the University of
Southern Mississippi, for directly providing scans of the 1984 Camille
interviews. Many thanks to William E. (Eddie) Coleman of the Hancock
County Historical Society for providing the post-Camille photo of the
Breath home. Thanks also are provided to Gloria Aversano, the NHC
librarian, for tirelessly tracking down additional sources in support of
this reanalysis. Alex Fierro, Dan Lindsey, Bobbi Schwarz-Biederman,
Kevin Tyle, and Ryan Wade all provided a scanned version of Camille's
infrared image that was on the front cover of the September 1971
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Maritza Ballester
graciously provided Cuban archive information from Camille, including
scanned hand-drawn synoptic maps. Finally, Eric Blake, Sandy Delgado,
and Eric Uhlhorn provided helpful reviews of an earlier version of this
paper. The first author would also like to acknowledge her advisor,
Prof. Haiyan Jiang.
NR 33
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 3
BP 367
EP 384
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00137.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI9DQ
UT WOS:000373802100001
ER
PT J
AU Valcke, S
Craig, A
Dunlap, R
Riley, GD
AF Valcke, Sophie
Craig, Anthony
Dunlap, Rocky
Riley, Graham D.
TI Sharing Experiences and Outlook on Coupling Technologies for Earth
System Models
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Valcke, Sophie] CERFACS, CNRS, URA1875, F-31057 Toulouse 01, France.
[Dunlap, Rocky] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Dunlap, Rocky] CIRES, Boulder, CO USA.
[Riley, Graham D.] Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England.
RP Valcke, S (reprint author), CERFACS, 42 Ave G Coriolis, F-31057 Toulouse 01, France.
EM sophie.valcke@cerfacs.fr
OI DUNLAP, RALPH/0000-0002-4293-9599
FU European FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES [312979]
FX We thank all the workshop participants who actively took part in the
discussions and the IS-ENES2 project, funded under the European
FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2012-1 call (Grant Agreement 312979), for financial
support.
NR 2
TC 2
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 3
BP ES53
EP ES56
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00239.1
PG 4
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI9ED
UT WOS:000373803600001
ER
PT J
AU Chen, SS
Kerns, BW
Guy, N
Jorgensen, DP
Delanoe, J
Viltard, N
Zappa, CJ
Judt, F
Lee, CY
Savarin, A
AF Chen, Shuyi S.
Kerns, Brandon W.
Guy, Nick
Jorgensen, David P.
Delanoe, Julien
Viltard, Nicolas
Zappa, Christopher J.
Judt, Falko
Lee, Chia-Ying
Savarin, Ajda
TI Aircraft Observations of Dry Air, the ITCZ, Convective Cloud Systems,
and Cold Pools in MJO during DYNAMO
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; PACIFIC WARM POOL; TROPICAL WESTERN PACIFIC;
TOGA COARE; MULTISCALE VARIABILITY; SCALE CIRCULATION; DEEP CONVECTION;
INDIAN-OCEAN; LIFE-CYCLE; PRECIPITATION
AB One of the most challenging problems in predicting the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) is the initiation of large-scale convective activity associated with the MJO over the tropical Indian Ocean. The lack of observations is a major obstacle. The Dynamics of the MJO (DYNAMO) field campaign collected unprecedented observations from air-, land-, and ship-based platforms from October 2011 to February 2012. Here we provide an overview of the aircraft observations in DYNAMO, which captured an MJO initiation event from November to December 2011. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) WP-3D aircraft was stationed at Diego Garcia and the French Falcon 20 aircraft on Gan Island in the Maldives. Observations from the two aircraft provide a unique dataset of three-dimensional structure of convective cloud systems and their environment from the flight level, airborne Doppler radar, microphysics probes, ocean surface imaging, global positioning system (GPS) dropsonde, and airborne expendable bathythermograph (AXBT) data. The aircraft observations revealed interactions among dry air, the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), convective cloud systems, and air-sea interaction induced by convective cold pools, which may play important roles in the multiscale processes of MJO initiation. This overview focuses on some key aspects of the aircraft observations that contribute directly to better understanding of the interactions among convective cloud systems, environmental moisture, and the upper ocean during the MJO initiation over the tropical Indian Ocean. Special emphasis is on the distinct characteristics of convective cloud systems, environmental moisture and winds, air-sea fluxes, and convective cold pools during the convectively suppressed, transition/onset, and active phases of the MJO.
C1 [Chen, Shuyi S.; Kerns, Brandon W.; Judt, Falko; Savarin, Ajda] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Guy, Nick] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Jorgensen, David P.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Delanoe, Julien; Viltard, Nicolas] Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, LATMOS, Guyancourt, France.
[Zappa, Christopher J.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
[Lee, Chia-Ying] Columbia Univ, Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, Palisades, NY USA.
RP Chen, SS (reprint author), Univ Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM schen@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Judt, Falko/Q-8380-2016
OI Judt, Falko/0000-0001-7710-9862
FU NOAA [NA11OAR4310077]; NSF [AGS1062242]; ONR [N000141110562]
FX We thank our colleagues at the NOAA Aircraft Operations Center (AOC; Jim
McFadden, the pilots, aircraft crew, and flight directors) and the NCAR
Earth Observing Laboratory (EOL; Jim Moore, Jose Meitin, Scot Loehrer,
and others), who provided critical support for operating the aircraft
from Diego Garcia and Gan during DYNAMO. We are grateful to Patrick
Chuang, Mikael Witte, and Bob Black for their help in processing the
microphysics data; Scott Brown for collecting the IR SST imaging data;
David Trampp, Jeff Kerling, and Qing Wang for the AXBT data; Tammy
Weckwerth and Scott Ellis for helping with the aircraft missions using
S-PolKa data near Gan Island; Jeff Hawkins for providing the satellite
data in real time; Jon Gottschalck and Nick Hall for real-time
forecasting support; and Ed Ryan for assisting with the cloud-cluster
tracking during DYNAMO. Aircraft- and ground-based radar images were
created using the Py-ART and AWOT software packages courtesy of the
Department of Energy ARM Climate Research facility and the NOAA National
Severe Storms Laboratory, respectively. Comments and suggestions from
three anonymous reviewers and Dr. Brian Mapes helped improve the
manuscript significantly. This research was supported by grants from
NOAA (NA11OAR4310077), NSF (AGS1062242), and ONR (N000141110562).
NR 36
TC 2
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U1 3
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 3
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00196.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI9DV
UT WOS:000373802600002
ER
PT J
AU Ruf, CS
Atlas, R
Chang, PS
Clarizia, MP
Garrison, JL
Gleason, S
Katzberg, SJ
Jelenak, Z
Johnson, JT
Majumdar, SJ
O'brien, A
Posselt, DJ
Ridley, AJ
Rose, RJ
Zavorotny, VU
AF Ruf, Christopher S.
Atlas, Robert
Chang, Paul S.
Clarizia, Maria Paola
Garrison, James L.
Gleason, Scott
Katzberg, Stephen J.
Jelenak, Zorana
Johnson, Joel T.
Majumdar, Sharanya J.
O'brien, Andrew
Posselt, Derek J.
Ridley, Aaron J.
Rose, Randall J.
Zavorotny, Valery U.
TI New Ocean Winds Satellite Mission to Probe Hurricanes and Tropical
Convection
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID GPS SIGNALS; SCATTEROMETER; SCATTERING; GNSS
AB The Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) is a new NASA earth science mission scheduled to be launched in 2016 that focuses on tropical cyclones (TCs) and tropical convection. The mission's two primary objectives are the measurement of ocean surface wind speed with sufficient temporal resolution to resolve short-time-scale processes such as the rapid intensification phase of TC development and the ability of the surface measurements to penetrate through the extremely high precipitation rates typically encountered in the TC inner core. The mission's goal is to support significant improvements in our ability to forecast TC track, intensity, and storm surge through better observations and, ultimately, better understanding of inner-core processes. CYGNSS meets its temporal sampling objective by deploying a constellation of eight satellites. Its ability to see through heavy precipitation is enabled by its operation as a bistatic radar using low-frequency GPS signals. The mission will deploy an eight-spacecraft constellation in a low-inclination (35 degrees) circular orbit to maximize coverage and sampling in the tropics. Each CYGNSS spacecraft carries a four-channel radar receiver that measures GPS navigation signals scattered by the ocean surface. The mission will measure inner-core surface winds with high temporal resolution and spatial coverage, under all precipitating conditions, and over the full dynamic range of TC wind speeds.
C1 [Ruf, Christopher S.; Clarizia, Maria Paola; Posselt, Derek J.; Ridley, Aaron J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Atlas, Robert] NOAA AOML, Miami, FL USA.
[Chang, Paul S.; Jelenak, Zorana] NOAA NESDIS STAR, College Pk, MD USA.
[Garrison, James L.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Gleason, Scott; Rose, Randall J.] Southwest Res Inst, Boulder, CO USA.
[Katzberg, Stephen J.] NASA LaRC, Hampton, VA USA.
[Johnson, Joel T.; O'brien, Andrew] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Majumdar, Sharanya J.] Univ Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Zavorotny, Valery U.] NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Ruf, CS (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Climate & Space, 2455 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM cruf@umich.edu
RI Jelenak, Zorana/F-5596-2010; Chang, Paul/F-5580-2010; Atlas,
Robert/A-5963-2011; Ridley, Aaron/F-3943-2011
OI Jelenak, Zorana/0000-0003-0510-2973; Chang, Paul/0000-0001-5113-0938;
Atlas, Robert/0000-0002-0706-3560; Ridley, Aaron/0000-0001-6933-8534
FU NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNL13AQ00C]
FX The work presented was supported in part by NASA Science Mission
Directorate Contract NNL13AQ00C. The authors would also like to thank
Dave Nolan for providing the nature run simulation data and Brian
McNoldy for producing the spatial sampling image (Fig 7).
NR 29
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U1 3
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 3
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00218.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI9DQ
UT WOS:000373802100002
ER
PT J
AU Jha, AK
Malla, R
Sharma, M
Panthi, J
Lakhankar, T
Krakauer, NY
Pradhanang, SM
Dahal, P
Shrestha, ML
AF Jha, Ajay K.
Malla, Razan
Sharma, Mohan
Panthi, Jeeban
Lakhankar, Tarendra
Krakauer, Nir Y.
Pradhanang, Soni M.
Dahal, Piyush
Shrestha, Madan Lall
TI Impact of Irrigation Method on Water Use Efficiency and Productivity of
Fodder Crops in Nepal
SO CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Nepal; Irrigation efficiency; drip irrigation; forage biomass
ID PRECIPITATION ESTIMATION; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; LIVESTOCK
AB Improved irrigation use efficiency is an important tool for intensifying and diversifying agriculture in Nepal, resulting in higher economic yield from irrigated farmlands with a minimum input of water. Research was conducted to evaluate the effect of irrigation method (furrow vs. drip) on the productivity of nutritious fodder species during off-monsoon dry periods in different elevation zones of central Nepal. A split-block factorial design was used. The factors considered were treatment location, fodder crop, and irrigation method. Commonly used local agronomical practices were followed in all respects except irrigation method. Results revealed that location effect was significant (p < 0.01) with highest fodder productivity seen for the middle elevation site, Syangja. Species effects were also significant, with teosinte (Euchlaena mexicana) having higher yield than cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Irrigation method impacted green biomass yield (higher with furrow irrigation) but both methods yielded similar dry biomass, while water use was 73% less under drip irrigation. Our findings indicated that the controlled application of water through drip irrigation is able to produce acceptable yields of nutritionally dense fodder species during dry seasons, leading to more effective utilization and resource conservation of available land, fertilizer and water. Higher productivity of these nutritional fodders resulted in higher milk productivity for livestock smallholders. The ability to grow fodder crops year-round in lowland and hill regions of Nepal with limited water storages using low-cost, water-efficient drip irrigation may greatly increase livestock productivity and, hence, the economic security of smallholder farmers.
C1 [Jha, Ajay K.] IGATT, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Malla, Razan] Tribhuwan Univ, Inst Agr & Anim Sci, Dept Soil Sci & Agriengn, Chitwan 44209, Nepal.
[Sharma, Mohan] Agr & Forestry Univ, Directorate Continuing Educ Ctr, Chitwan 44209, Nepal.
[Panthi, Jeeban; Dahal, Piyush; Shrestha, Madan Lall] Small Earth Nepal, 626 Bhakti Thapa Sadak, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
[Lakhankar, Tarendra] CUNY City Coll, NOAA, Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol CREST, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Krakauer, Nir Y.] CUNY City Coll, Dept Civil Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Krakauer, Nir Y.] CUNY City Coll, NOAA, CREST, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Pradhanang, Soni M.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Geosci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
RP Jha, AK (reprint author), IGATT, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM igatt2015@gmail.com; razenmalla@gmail.com; mohan.shr@gmail.com;
jeeban@smallearth.org.np; tlakhankar@ccny.cuny.edu;
nkrakauer@ccny.cuny.edu; spradhanang@uri.edu; piyush@smallearth.org.np;
madanls@hotmail.com
RI Lakhankar, Tarendra/F-9490-2011
OI Lakhankar, Tarendra/0000-0002-4759-2141
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 6
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2225-1154
J9 CLIMATE
JI Climate
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 4
IS 1
DI 10.3390/cli4010004
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DI6GW
UT WOS:000373598200013
ER
PT J
AU Guentchev, GS
Rood, RB
Ammann, CM
Barsugli, JJ
Ebi, K
Berrocal, V
O'Neill, MS
Gronlund, CJ
Vigh, JL
Koziol, B
Cinquini, L
AF Guentchev, Galina S.
Rood, Richard B.
Ammann, Caspar M.
Barsugli, Joseph J.
Ebi, Kristie
Berrocal, Veronica
O'Neill, Marie S.
Gronlund, Carina J.
Vigh, Jonathan L.
Koziol, Ben
Cinquini, Luca
TI Evaluating the Appropriateness of Downscaled Climate Information for
Projecting Risks of Salmonella
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE temperature-based heat indices; Salmonella infections; foodborne
disease; Washington D.C.; evaluation; ARRM and BCCA statistical
downscaling methods
ID TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; UNITED-STATES; FOODBORNE
ILLNESS; SEASONALITY; NORTHERN; DISEASES; IMPACTS; DATASET; ENGLAND
AB Foodborne diseases have large economic and societal impacts worldwide. To evaluate how the risks of foodborne diseases might change in response to climate change, credible and usable climate information tailored to the specific application question is needed. Global Climate Model (GCM) data generally need to, both, be downscaled to the scales of the application to be usable, and represent, well, the key characteristics that inflict health impacts. This study presents an evaluation of temperature-based heat indices for the Washington D.C. area derived from statistically downscaled GCM simulations for 1971-2000-a necessary step in establishing the credibility of these data. The indices approximate high weekly mean temperatures linked previously to occurrences of Salmonella infections. Due to bias-correction, included in the Asynchronous Regional Regression Model (ARRM) and the Bias Correction Constructed Analogs (BCCA) downscaling methods, the observed 30-year means of the heat indices were reproduced reasonably well. In April and May, however, some of the statistically downscaled data misrepresent the increase in the number of hot days towards the summer months. This study demonstrates the dependence of the outcomes to the selection of downscaled climate data and the potential for misinterpretation of future estimates of Salmonella infections.
C1 [Guentchev, Galina S.; Ammann, Caspar M.] NCAR RAL CSAP, Natl Climate Predict & Project Platform, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Rood, Richard B.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, 525 Space Res Bldg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Barsugli, Joseph J.; Koziol, Ben] Univ Colorado, CIRES NOAA, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ebi, Kristie] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, 1959 NE Pacific St,Hlth Sci Bldg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Berrocal, Veronica] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, 1415 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[O'Neill, Marie S.; Gronlund, Carina J.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 1415 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Vigh, Jonathan L.] NCAR JNT RAL, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Cinquini, Luca] NESII NOAA, ESRL, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Guentchev, GS (reprint author), NCAR RAL CSAP, Natl Climate Predict & Project Platform, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
EM galia.guentchev@gmail.com; rbrood@umich.edu; ammann@ucar.edu;
joseph.j.barsugli@noaa.gov; krisebi@uw.edu; berrocal@umich.edu;
marieo@umich.edu; gronlund@umich.edu; jvigh@ucar.edu;
ben.koziol@noaa.gov; luca.cinquini@jpl.nasa.gov
OI Vigh, Jonathan/0000-0001-6399-563X; Rood, Richard/0000-0002-2310-4262
FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute for Environmental
Health Sciences [R21-ES020156]; University of Michigan Graham
Sustainability Institute
FX We acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model
Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and the WCRP's Working Group on
Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP
CMIP3 multi-model dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the
Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. We would like also to
thank the Downscaled CMIP3 and CMIP5 Climate and Hydrology Projections
archive at http://gdo-dcp.ucllnLorg/downscaled_cmip_projections/ for
providing the ARRM and BCCA CMIP3 downscaled data, as well as the
re-gridded to 2 degrees x 2 degrees resolution GCM and Maurer02v1 data.
We acknowledge grant R21-ES020156 from the National Institutes of
Health, National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences. Carina J.
Gronlund was also supported by a Dow Postdoctoral Fellowship from the
University of Michigan Graham Sustainability Institute. Finally, we
would like to acknowledge the NESII group for facilitating the
publishing of the indices as well as for supporting OC GIS, which was
used to extract the indices within the areas of interest.
NR 49
TC 1
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U1 4
U2 10
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1660-4601
J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE
JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 13
IS 3
DI 10.3390/ijerph13030267
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA DI5HD
UT WOS:000373528600096
ER
PT J
AU Moylan, S
Brown, CU
Slotwinski, J
AF Moylan, Shawn
Brown, Christopher U.
Slotwinski, John
TI Recommended Protocol for Round-Robin Studies in Additive Manufacturing
SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; 3D printing; round robin; interlaboratory study;
qualification and certification
AB One way to improve confidence and encourage proliferation of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and parts is by generating more high-quality data describing the performance of AM processes and parts. Many in the AM community see round-robin studies as a way to generate large data sets while distributing the cost among the participants, thereby reducing the cost to individual users. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has conducted and participated in several of these AM round-robin studies. Whereas the results of these studies are interesting and informative, many of the lessons learned in conducting these studies concern the logistics and methods of the study and unique issues presented by AM. Existing standards for conducting interlaboratory studies of measurement methods, along with NIST's experience, form the basis for recommended protocols for conducting AM round-robin studies. The role of round-robin studies in AM qualification, some of the limitations of round-robin studies, and the potential benefit of less formal collaborative experiments where multiple factors, AM machine being only one, are varied simultaneously are also discussed.
C1 [Moylan, Shawn; Brown, Christopher U.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8220, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Slotwinski, John] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Mail Stop 15-W104,11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
RP Moylan, S (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8220, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM shawn.moylan@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS
PI W CONSHOHOCKEN
PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA
SN 0090-3973
EI 1945-7553
J9 J TEST EVAL
JI J. Test. Eval.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 44
IS 2
BP 1009
EP 1018
DI 10.1520/JTE20150317
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA DJ0RN
UT WOS:000373912200032
PM 27274602
ER
PT J
AU Krishnan, JKS
Arun, P
Appu, AP
Vijayakumar, N
Figueiredo, TH
Braga, MFM
Baskota, S
Olsen, CH
Farkas, N
Dagata, J
Frey, WH
Moffett, JR
Namboodiri, AMA
AF Krishnan, Jishnu K. S.
Arun, Peethambaran
Appu, Abhilash P.
Vijayakumar, Nivetha
Figueiredo, Taiza H.
Braga, Maria F. M.
Baskota, Sudikshya
Olsen, Cara H.
Farkas, Natalia
Dagata, John
Frey, William H., II
Moffett, John R.
Namboodiri, Aryan M. A.
TI Intranasal delivery of obidoxime to the brain prevents mortality and CNS
damage from organophosphate poisoning
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Acetylcholinesterase; Excitotoxicity; Fluoro-jade; Neuropathology;
Racine scale; Status Epilepticus
ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; STATUS EPILEPTICUS;
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; BASOLATERAL AMYGDALA; RAT-BRAIN; OXIMES;
REACTIVATION; MECHANISMS; SOMAN
AB Intranasal delivery is an emerging method for bypassing the blood brain barrier (BBB) and targeting therapeutics to the CNS. Oximes are used to counteract the effects of organophosphate poisoning, but they do not readily cross the BBB. Therefore, they cannot effectively counteract the central neuropathologies caused by cholinergic over-activation when administered peripherally. For these reasons we examined intranasal administration of oximes in an animal model of severe organophosphate poisoning to determine their effectiveness in reducing mortality and seizure-induced neuronal degeneration. Using the paraoxon model of organophosphate poisoning, we administered the standard treatment (intramuscular pralidoxime plus atropine sulphate) to all animals and then compared the effectiveness of intranasal application of obidoxime (OBD) to saline in the control groups. Intranasally administered OBD was effective in partially reducing paraoxon-induced acetylcholinesterase inhibition in the brain and substantially reduced seizure severity and duration. Further, intranasal OBD completely prevented mortality, which was 41% in the animals given standard treatment plus intranasal saline. Fluoro-Jade-B staining revealed extensive neuronal degeneration in the surviving saline-treated animals 24 h after paraoxon administration, whereas no detectable degenerating neurons were observed in any of the animals given intranasal OBD 30 min before or 5 min after paraoxon administration. These findings demonstrate that intranasally administered oximes bypass the BBB more effectively than those administered peripherally and provide an effective method for protecting the brain from organophosphates. The addition of intranasally administered oximes to the current treatment regimen for organophosphate poisoning would improve efficacy, reducing both brain damage and mortality. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Krishnan, Jishnu K. S.; Arun, Peethambaran; Appu, Abhilash P.; Vijayakumar, Nivetha; Figueiredo, Taiza H.; Braga, Maria F. M.; Baskota, Sudikshya; Moffett, John R.; Namboodiri, Aryan M. A.] USUHS, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Krishnan, Jishnu K. S.; Arun, Peethambaran; Appu, Abhilash P.; Vijayakumar, Nivetha; Figueiredo, Taiza H.; Braga, Maria F. M.; Baskota, Sudikshya; Moffett, John R.; Namboodiri, Aryan M. A.] USUHS, Neurosci Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Olsen, Cara H.] USUHS, Biostat Consulting Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Farkas, Natalia; Dagata, John] NIST, Sect Metrol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Frey, William H., II] Reg Hosp, Ctr Memory & Aging, Hlth Partners Inst Educ & Res, St Paul, MN USA.
RP Namboodiri, AMA (reprint author), USUHS, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.; Namboodiri, AMA (reprint author), USUHS, Neurosci Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
EM anamboodiri@usuhs.edu
FU NIH [NS076448]
FX We acknowledge Impel NeuroPharma Inc., Seattle, WA for making their POD
intranasal delivery device available for our use. The authors have no
competing interests to declare. The opinions or assertions contained
herein are the private views of the authors, and are not to be construed
as reflecting the views of the Department of Defense. This work was
supported by the NIH grant NS076448. Graphical abstract adapted from
(Swanson, 2004) (http://larrywswanson.com/?page_id=164).
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
EI 1872-9711
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 53
BP 64
EP 73
DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.12.020
PG 10
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA DI3UK
UT WOS:000373423800008
PM 26751814
ER
PT J
AU Hati, A
Nelson, CW
Howe, DA
AF Hati, A.
Nelson, C. W.
Howe, D. A.
TI Cross-spectrum measurement of thermal-noise limited oscillators
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-NOISE
AB Cross-spectrum analysis is a commonly used technique for the detection of phase and amplitude noise of a signal in the presence of interfering uncorrelated noise. Recently, we demonstrated that the phase-inversion (anti-correlation) effect due to amplitude noise leakage can cause complete or partial collapse of the cross-spectral function. In this paper, we discuss the newly discovered effect of anti-correlated thermal noise that originates from the common-mode power divider (splitter), an essential component in a cross-spectrum noise measurement system. We studied this effect for different power splitters and discuss its influence on the measurement of thermal-noise limited oscillators. We provide theory, simulation and experimental results. In addition, we expand this study to reveal how the presence of ferrite-isolators and amplifiers at the output ports of the power splitters can affect the oscillator noise measurements. Finally, we discuss a possible solution to overcome this problem.
C1 [Hati, A.; Nelson, C. W.; Howe, D. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hati, A (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM archita.hati@nist.gov
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 87
IS 3
AR 034708
DI 10.1063/1.4944808
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DI7WS
UT WOS:000373713300054
PM 27036804
ER
PT J
AU Yu, YN
Wang, YC
Pratt, JR
AF Yu, Yinan
Wang, Yicheng
Pratt, Jon R.
TI Active cancellation of residual amplitude modulation in a
frequency-modulation based Fabry-Perot interferometer
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL HETERODYNE SPECTROSCOPY; PHASE; LASER; STABILIZATION; REDUCTION
AB Residual amplitude modulation (RAM) is one of the most common noise sources known to degrade the sensitivity of frequency modulation spectroscopy. RAM can arise as a result of the temperature dependent birefringence of the modulator crystal, which causes the orientation of the crystal's optical axis to shift with respect to the polarization of the incident light with temperature. In the fiber-based optical interferometer used on the National Institute of Standards and Technology calculable capacitor, RAM degrades the measured laser frequency stability and correlates with the environmental temperature fluctuations. We have demonstrated a simple approach that cancels out excessive RAM due to polarization mismatch between the light and the optical axis of the crystal. The approach allows us to measure the frequency noise of a heterodyne beat between two lasers individually locked to different resonant modes of a cavity with an accuracy better than 0.5 ppm, which meets the requirement to further determine the longitudinal mode number of the cavity length. Also, this approach has substantially mitigated the temperature dependency of the measurements of the cavity length and consequently the capacitance.
C1 [Yu, Yinan; Wang, Yicheng; Pratt, Jon R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yu, YN (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yinan.yu@nist.gov
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 87
IS 3
AR 033101
DI 10.1063/1.4942594
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA DI7WS
UT WOS:000373713300002
PM 27036752
ER
PT J
AU Castaneda, CA
Dixon, EK
Walker, O
Chaturvedi, A
Nakasone, MA
Curtis, JE
Reed, MR
Krueger, S
Cropp, TA
Fushman, D
AF Castaneda, Carlos A.
Dixon, Emma K.
Walker, Olivier
Chaturvedi, Apurva
Nakasone, Mark A.
Curtis, Joseph E.
Reed, Megan R.
Krueger, Susan
Cropp, T. Ashton
Fushman, David
TI Linkage via K27 Bestows Ubiquitin Chains with Unique Properties among
Polyubiquitins
SO STRUCTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID ROTATIONAL DIFFUSION TENSOR; MOLECULAR-COMPLEXES; PROTEIN; DOMAIN;
DEGRADATION; LIGASE; MACROMOLECULES; SPECIFICITY; RECOGNITION;
ORIENTATION
AB Polyubiquitination, a critical protein post-translational modification, signals for a diverse set of cellular events via the different isopeptide linkages formed between the C terminus of one ubiquitin (Ub) and the epsilon-amine of K6, K11, K27, K29, K33, K48, or K63 of a second Ub. We assembled di-ubiquitins (Ub(2)) comprising every lysine linkage and examined them biochemically and structurally. Of these, K27-Ub(2) is unique as it is not cleaved by most deubiquitinases. As this remains the only structurally uncharacterized lysine linkage, we comprehensively examined the structures and dynamics of K27-Ub(2) using nuclear magnetic resonance, small-angle neutron scattering, and in silico ensemble modeling. Our structural data provide insights into the functional properties of K27-Ub(2), in particular that K27-Ub(2) may be specifically recognized by K48-selective receptor UBA2 domain from proteasomal shuttle protein hHR23a. Binding studies and mutagenesis confirmed this prediction, further highlighting structural/recognition versatility of polyubiquitins and the potential power of determining function from elucidation of conformational ensembles.
C1 [Castaneda, Carlos A.; Dixon, Emma K.; Chaturvedi, Apurva; Nakasone, Mark A.; Fushman, David] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Biomol Struct & Org, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Castaneda, Carlos A.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Biol, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
[Castaneda, Carlos A.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
[Walker, Olivier] Univ Lyon, UMR5280, Inst Sci Analyt, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France.
[Curtis, Joseph E.; Krueger, Susan] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Reed, Megan R.; Cropp, T. Ashton] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Chem, Box 2006, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
RP Castaneda, CA; Fushman, D (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Biomol Struct & Org, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Castaneda, CA (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Biol, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.; Castaneda, CA (reprint author), Syracuse Univ, Dept Chem, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
EM cacastan@syr.edu; fushman@umd.edu
RI WALKER, Olivier/B-2580-2016;
OI WALKER, Olivier/0000-0001-7284-2555; Nakasone, Mark
A./0000-0002-1362-191X
FU NSF postdoctoral award; NIH R01 grants [GM065334, GM021248, GM084396];
NSF [DBI1040158, DMR-0944772, CHE-1265821]; NIH [1S10OD012254]; EPSRC
[EP/K039121/1]; Shimadzu instrumentation award
FX This work was funded by an NSF postdoctoral award to C.A.C. and NIH R01
grants GM065334 and GM021248 to D.F. and GM084396 to T.A.C.; utilized
NMR instrumentation supported in part by NSF grant DBI1040158 and NIH
shared instrumentation grant 1S10OD012254, and neutron-scattering
facilities supported in part by the NSF under Agreement No. DMR-0944772;
and benefited from CCP-SAS software developed through a joint EPSRC
(EP/K039121/1) and NSF (CHE-1265821) grant. We thank Konstantin Berlin
for helpful discussions regarding SES. Some mass spectrometry data were
collected on a Shimadzu 8040 mass spectrometer, supported in part by a
Shimadzu instrumentation award to C.A.C.
NR 48
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 8
U2 13
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0969-2126
EI 1878-4186
J9 STRUCTURE
JI Structure
PD MAR 1
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 3
BP 423
EP 436
DI 10.1016/j.str.2016.01.007
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA DI5VJ
UT WOS:000373568300010
PM 26876099
ER
PT J
AU Liddle, JA
Gallatin, GM
AF Liddle, J. Alexander
Gallatin, Gregg M.
TI Nanomanufacturing: A Perspective
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Review
DE nanomanufacturing nanofabrication; lithography; self-assembly
ID BLOCK-COPOLYMER LITHOGRAPHY; DIP-PEN NANOLITHOGRAPHY; MESOPOROUS SILICA
FILMS; ROLL NANOIMPRINT LITHOGRAPHY; NUCLEIC-ACID NANOSTRUCTURES;
ELECTRON-BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; NANO-IMPRINT-LITHOGRAPHY; ORDERED POLYMER
MELTS; LINE EDGE ROUGHNESS; OF-THE-ART
AB Nanomanufacturing, the commercially scalable and economically sustainable mass production of nanoscale materials and devices, represents the tangible outcome of the nanotechnology revolution. In contrast to those used in nanofabrication for research purposes, nanomanufacturing processes must satisfy the additional constraints of cost, throughput, and time to market. Taking silicon integrated circuit manufacturing as a baseline, we consider the factors involved in matching processes with products, examining the characteristics and potential of top down and bottom-up processes, and their combination. We also discuss how a careful assessment of the way in which function can be made to follow form can enable high-volume manufacturing of nanoscale structures with the desired useful, and exciting, properties.
C1 [Liddle, J. Alexander; Gallatin, Gregg M.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gallatin, Gregg M.] Appl Math Solut LLC, Newtown, CT USA.
RP Liddle, JA (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM liddle@nist.gov
RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013
OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 415
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 81
U2 181
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 10
IS 3
BP 2995
EP 3014
DI 10.1021/acsnano.5b03299
PG 20
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DH5TR
UT WOS:000372855400003
PM 26862780
ER
PT J
AU Tselev, A
Velmurugan, J
Ievlev, AV
Kalinin, SV
Kolmakov, A
AF Tselev, Alexander
Velmurugan, Jeyavel
Ievlev, Anton V.
Kalinin, Sergei V.
Kolmakov, Andrei
TI Seeing through Walls at the Nanoscale: Microwave Microscopy of Enclosed
Objects and Processes in Liquids
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE in situ imaging; radiolysis-free in-liquid imaging; encapsulation;
near-field microwave microscopy
ID SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; X-RAY MICROSCOPY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; FORCE
MICROSCOPY; BREAST-CANCER; CELLS; SILVER; SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLUTION;
SAMPLES
AB Noninvasive in situ nanoscale imaging in liquid environments is a current imperative in the analysis of delicate biomedical objects and electrochemical processes at reactive liquid solid interfaces. Microwaves of a few gigahertz frequencies offer photons with energies of approximate to 10 mu eV, which can affect neither electronic states nor chemical bonds in condensed matter. Here, we describe an implementation of scanning near-field microwave microscopy for imaging in liquids using ultrathin molecular impermeable membranes separating scanning probes from samples enclosed in environmental cells. We imaged a model electroplating reaction as well as individual live cells. Through a side-by-side comparison of the microwave imaging with scanning electron microscopy, we demonstrate the advantage of microwaves for artifact-free imaging.
C1 [Tselev, Alexander; Ievlev, Anton V.; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Tselev, Alexander; Kalinin, Sergei V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Inst Funct Imaging Mat, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Velmurugan, Jeyavel; Kolmakov, Andrei] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Velmurugan, Jeyavel] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Tselev, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Tselev, A (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Inst Funct Imaging Mat, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.; Kolmakov, A (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM atselev@utk.edu; andrei.kolmakov@nist.gov
RI Ievlev, Anton/H-3678-2012; Kolmakov, Andrei/B-1460-2017
OI Ievlev, Anton/0000-0003-3645-0508; Kolmakov, Andrei/0000-0001-5299-4121
FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Civilian Research and Development
Foundation; NIST-CNST/UMD-IREAP Cooperative Agreement
FX Microwave imaging was conducted at the Center for Nanoscale Science and
Technology, NIST, and at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences,
ORNL, which also provided support (AT., A.V.I., S.V.K.) and which is
sponsored at Oak Ridge National Laboratory by the Scientific User
Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of
Energy. A.T. acknowledges support by U.S. Civilian Research and
Development Foundation. J.V. work was supported by a NIST-CNST/UMD-IREAP
Cooperative Agreement. Authors are thankful to Dr. K. Siebein for the
experimental support, and to Dr. T. Moffat, Dr. M. Stiles, and Dr. N.
Zhitenev (all at NIST) for their valuable discussions.
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 10
U2 24
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 10
IS 3
BP 3562
EP 3570
DI 10.1021/acsnano.5b07919
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DH5TR
UT WOS:000372855400059
PM 26866377
ER
PT J
AU Ruzmetov, D
Zhang, KH
Stan, G
Kalanyan, B
Bhimanapati, GR
Eichfeld, SM
Burke, RA
Shah, PB
O'Regan, TP
Crowne, FJ
Birdwell, AG
Robinson, JA
Davydov, AV
Ivanov, TG
AF Ruzmetov, Dmitry
Zhang, Kehao
Stan, Gheorghe
Kalanyan, Berc
Bhimanapati, Ganesh R.
Eichfeld, Sarah M.
Burke, Robert A.
Shah, Pankaj B.
O'Regan, Terrance P.
Crowne, Frank J.
Birdwell, A. Glen
Robinson, Joshua A.
Davydov, Albert V.
Ivanov, Tony G.
TI Vertical 2D/3D Semiconductor Heterostructures Based on Epitaxial
Molybdenum Disulfide and Gallium Nitride
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE 2D material heterostructures; transition metal dichalcogenides; MoS2;
van der Waals epitaxy; GaN; conductive atomic force microscopy; vertical
transport
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; HEXAGONAL BORON-NITRIDE; SINGLE-LAYER MOS2;
MONOLAYER MOS2; ATOMIC LAYERS; TRANSISTORS; GRAPHENE; GROWTH
AB When designing semiconductor heterostructures, it is expected that epitaxial alignment will facilitate low-defect interfaces and efficient vertical transport. Here, we report lattice-matched epitaxial growth of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) directly on gallium nitride (GaN), resulting in high-quality, unstrained, single-layer MoS2 with strict registry to the GaN lattice. These results present a promising path toward the implementation of high-performance electronic devices based on 2D/3D vertical heterostructures, where each of the 3D and 2D semiconductors is both a template for subsequent epitaxial growth and an active component of the device. The MoS2 monolayer triangles average 1 mu m along each side, with monolayer blankets (merged triangles) exhibiting properties similar to that of single-crystal MoS2 sheets. Photoluminescence, Raman, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses identified monolayer MoS2 with a prominent 20-fold enhancement of photoluminescence in the center regions larger triangles. The MoS2/GaN structures are shown to electrically conduct in the out-of-plane direction, confirming the potential of directly synthesized 2D/3D semiconductor heterostructures for vertical, current flow. Finally, we estimate a MoS2/GaN contact resistivity to be less than 4 Omega.cm(2) and current spreading in the MoS2 monolayer of approximately 1 mu m in diameter.
C1 [Ruzmetov, Dmitry; Burke, Robert A.; Shah, Pankaj B.; O'Regan, Terrance P.; Crowne, Frank J.; Birdwell, A. Glen; Ivanov, Tony G.] US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
[Zhang, Kehao; Bhimanapati, Ganesh R.; Eichfeld, Sarah M.; Robinson, Joshua A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Zhang, Kehao; Bhimanapati, Ganesh R.; Eichfeld, Sarah M.; Robinson, Joshua A.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Dimens & Layered Mat 2, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Ruzmetov, Dmitry; Stan, Gheorghe; Kalanyan, Berc; Davydov, Albert V.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ruzmetov, D; Ivanov, TG (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.; Ruzmetov, D (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dmitry.a.ruzmetov.ctr@mail.mil; tony.g.ivanov.civ@mail.mil
FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) Director's Strategic Initiative
(DSI); Material Genome Initiative; National Science Foundation
[DMR-1453924]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL)
Director's Strategic Initiative (DSI) program on understanding and
exploiting the electronic interface in stacked 2D atomic layered
materials. D.R. and A.V.D. acknowledge the support of Material Genome
Initiative funding allocated to NIST. J.A.R. acknowledges support of the
National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-1453924. The authors are
grateful to Dr. Gavin Liu from NIST for performing the X-ray diffraction
measurements on the GaN substrates.
NR 37
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 40
U2 112
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 10
IS 3
BP 3580
EP 3588
DI 10.1021/acsnano.5b08008
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA DH5TR
UT WOS:000372855400061
PM 26866442
ER
PT J
AU Denef, VJ
Mueller, RS
Chiang, EN
Liebig, JR
Vanderploeg, HA
AF Denef, Vincent J.
Mueller, Ryan S.
Chiang, Edna
Liebig, James R.
Vanderploeg, Henry A.
TI Chloroflexi CL500-11 Populations That Predominate Deep-Lake Hypolimnion
Bacterioplankton Rely on Nitrogen-Rich Dissolved Organic Matter
Metabolism and C-1 Compound Oxidation
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FRESH-WATER LAKE; GENOME SEQUENCES; EUPHOTIC ZONE; SARGASSO SEA; CRATER
LAKE; BACTERIA; CARBON; COMMUNITY; GENE; METAGENOMES
AB The Chloroflexi CL500-11 clade contributes a large proportion of the bacterial biomass in the oxygenated hypolimnia of deep lakes worldwide, including the world's largest freshwater system, the Laurentian Great Lakes. Traits that allow CL500-11 to thrive and its biogeochemical role in these environments are currently unknown. Here, we found that a CL500-11 population was present mostly in offshore waters along a transect in ultraoligotrophic Lake Michigan (a Laurentian Great Lake). It occurred throughout the water column in spring and only in the hypolimnion during summer stratification, contributing up to 18.1% of all cells. Genome reconstruction from metagenomic data suggested an aerobic, motile, heterotrophic lifestyle, with additional energy being gained through carboxidovory and methylovory. Comparisons to other available streamlined freshwater genomes revealed that the CL500-11 genome contained a disproportionate number of cell wall/capsule biosynthesis genes and the most diverse spectrum of genes involved in the uptake of dissolved organic matter (DOM) substrates, particularly peptides. In situ expression patterns indicated the importance of DOM uptake and protein/peptide turnover, as well as type I and type II carbon monoxide dehydrogenase and flagellar motility. Its location in the water column influenced its gene expression patterns the most. We observed increased bacteriorhodopsin gene expression and a response to oxidative stress in surface waters compared to its response in deep waters. While CL500-11 carries multiple adaptations to an oligotrophic lifestyle, its investment in motility, its large cell size, and its distribution in both oligotrophic and mesotrophic lakes indicate its ability to thrive under conditions where resources are more plentiful. Our data indicate that CL500-11 plays an important role in nitrogen-rich DOM mineralization in the extensive deep-lake hypolimnion habitat.
C1 [Denef, Vincent J.; Chiang, Edna] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Mueller, Ryan S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Liebig, James R.; Vanderploeg, Henry A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Denef, VJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM vdenef@umich.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) provided funding to Vincent J. Denef
under grant number DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 67
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 82
IS 5
BP 1423
EP 1432
DI 10.1128/AEM.03014-15
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA DI2PL
UT WOS:000373338800007
ER
PT J
AU Beck, SE
Rodriguez, RA
Hawkins, MA
Hargy, TM
Larason, TC
Linden, KG
AF Beck, Sara E.
Rodriguez, Roberto A.
Hawkins, Michael A.
Hargy, Thomas M.
Larason, Thomas C.
Linden, Karl G.
TI Comparison of UV-Induced Inactivation and RNA Damage in MS2 Phage across
the Germicidal UV Spectrum
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CYCLOBUTANE PYRIMIDINE DIMERS; ULTRAVIOLET-LIGHT; PROTEIN; DNA;
IRRADIATION; VALIDATION; RADIATION; WATER; SITE; PHOTOPRODUCTS
AB Polychromatic UV irradiation is a common method of pathogen inactivation in the water treatment industry. To improve its disinfection efficacy, more information on the mechanisms of UV inactivation on microorganisms at wavelengths throughout the germicidal UV spectrum, particularly at below 240 nm, is necessary. This work examined UV inactivation of bacteriophage MS2, a common surrogate for enteric pathogens, as a function of wavelength. The bacteriophage was exposed to monochromatic UV irradiation from a tunable laser at wavelengths of between 210 nm and 290 nm. To evaluate the mechanisms of UV inactivation throughout this wavelength range, RT-qPCR (reverse transcription-quantitative PCR) was performed to measure genomic damage for comparison with genomic damage at 253.7 nm. The results indicate that the rates of RNA damage closely mirror the loss of viral infectivity across the germicidal UV spectrum. This demonstrates that genomic damage is the dominant cause of MS2 inactivation from exposure to germicidal UV irradiation. These findings contrast those for adenovirus, for which MS2 is used as a viral surrogate for validating polychromatic UV reactors.
C1 [Beck, Sara E.; Rodriguez, Roberto A.; Hawkins, Michael A.; Linden, Karl G.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hargy, Thomas M.] Tetra Tech, St Albans, VT USA.
[Larason, Thomas C.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Beck, Sara E.] Asian Inst Technol, Sch Environm Resources & Dev, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
[Rodriguez, Roberto A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, El Paso Reg Campus, El Paso, TX USA.
[Hargy, Thomas M.] Corona Environm Consulting, Fairfax, VT USA.
RP Linden, KG (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM karl.linden@colorado.edu
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [HRD 0639653]; University of Colorado
Boulder SMART program; Water Research Foundation (WRF) [4376]; U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [FP91709801]
FX National Science Foundation (NSF) under grant number HRD 0639653 and the
University of Colorado Boulder SMART program (general fund) jointly
funded Michael A. Hawkins. Water Research Foundation (WRF) provided
funding to Karl G. Linden under grant number 4376. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) provided funding to Sara E. Beck under grant
number FP91709801. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for
publication.
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 6
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 82
IS 5
BP 1468
EP 1474
DI 10.1128/AEM.02773-15
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA DI2PL
UT WOS:000373338800011
ER
PT J
AU Karam, LR
Ratel, G
AF Karam, L. R.
Ratel, G.
TI Consultative committee on ionizing radiation: Impact on radionuclide
metrology
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its
Applications (ICRM)
CY JUN 08-12, 2015
CL TU Wien, Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Austrian Bundesamt Eich & Vermessungswesen, European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Enlargement & Integrat Act, Univ Bodenkultur
HO TU Wien
DE Designated Institute; International comparisons; Mutual recognition;
National Measurement Institute; Quality management; Radioactivity
AB In response to the CIPM MRA, and to improve radioactivity measurements in the face of advancing technologies, the CIPM's consultative committee on ionizing radiation developed a strategic approach to the realization and validation of measurement traceability for radionuclide metrology. As a consequence, measurement institutions throughout the world have devoted no small effort to establish radionuclide metrology capabilities, supported by active quality management systems and validated through prioritized participation in international comparisons, providing a varied stakeholder community with measurement confidence. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Karam, L. R.] NIST, Radiat Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ratel, G.] BIPM, Ionizing Radiat Dept, Sevres, France.
RP Karam, LR (reprint author), NIST, Radiat Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lisa.karam@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS; Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 109
BP 12
EP 16
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.11.085
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA DH3GX
UT WOS:000372676600004
PM 26688351
ER
PT J
AU Bergeron, DE
Galea, R
Laureano-Perez, L
Zimmerman, BE
AF Bergeron, Denis E.
Galea, Raphael
Laureano-Perez, Lizbeth
Zimmerman, Brian E.
TI Comparison of C-14 liquid scintillation counting at NIST and NRC Canada
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its
Applications (ICRM)
CY JUN 08-12, 2015
CL TU Wien, Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Austrian Bundesamt Eich & Vermessungswesen, European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Enlargement & Integrat Act, Univ Bodenkultur
HO TU Wien
DE Efficiency tracing; CNET; Triple-to-double coincidence ratio TDCR;
(14)c; Bilateral comparison; Benzoate; Hexadecane; Cocktail instability;
Beta spectrum shape; Shape factor
ID BETA-SPECTRUM; SYSTEM; STANDARDIZATION; EFFICIENCY; RADIONUCLIDES;
TRIPLE; NI-63; MODEL; SHAPE
AB An informal bilateral comparison of C-14 liquid scintillation (IS) counting at the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has been completed. Two solutions, one containing C-14-labeled sodium benzoate and one containing C-14-labeled n-hexadecane, were measured at both laboratories. Despite observed LS cocktail instabilities, the two laboratories achieved accord in their standardizations of both solutions. At the conclusion of the comparison, the beta spectrum used for efficiency calculations was identified as inadequate and the data were reanalyzed with different inputs, improving accord. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bergeron, Denis E.; Laureano-Perez, Lizbeth; Zimmerman, Brian E.] NIST, Radiat Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Galea, Raphael] Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
RP Bergeron, DE (reprint author), NIST, Radiat Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM denis.bergeron@nist.gov
RI Bergeron, Denis/I-4332-2013
OI Bergeron, Denis/0000-0003-1150-7950
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 109
BP 30
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.11.007
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA DH3GX
UT WOS:000372676600007
PM 26585641
ER
PT J
AU Zimmerman, BE
Bergeron, DE
Fitzgerald, R
Cessna, JT
AF Zimmerman, B. E.
Bergeron, D. E.
Fitzgerald, R.
Cessna, J. T.
TI Long-term stability of carrier-added Ge-68 standardized solutions
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its
Applications (ICRM)
CY JUN 08-12, 2015
CL TU Wien, Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Austrian Bundesamt Eich & Vermessungswesen, European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Enlargement & Integrat Act, Univ Bodenkultur
HO TU Wien
DE Germanium-68; Solution stability; Reference materials
ID GE-68/GA-68
AB Tests for chemical stability were carried out on carrier-added Ge-68 solutions prepared and calibrated in 2007 and 2011 to evaluate the suitability of the specific composition as a potential Standard Reference Material. Massic count rates of the stored solutions were measured using a NaI(Tl) well counter before and after gravimetric transfers. The present activity concentration of the 2007 solution was also measured using live-timed anticoincidence counting (LTAC) and compared to the 2007 calibrated value. The well counter data indicated no change in massic count rate to within uncertainties for either solution. The LTAC measurements gave a difference of -0.49% in the activity concentration 2007 solution over 7 years. However, the uncertainty in the decay correction over that time, due to the uncertainty in the Ge-68 half-life, accounted for the majority (0.67% out of 0.83%) of the standard uncertainty on the activity concentration. The results indicate that these carrier-added solutions are stable with regard to potential activity losses over several half-lives of Ge-68. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Zimmerman, B. E.; Bergeron, D. E.; Fitzgerald, R.; Cessna, J. T.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zimmerman, BE (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM bez@nist.gov
RI Fitzgerald, Ryan/H-6132-2016; Bergeron, Denis/I-4332-2013
OI Bergeron, Denis/0000-0003-1150-7950
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 109
BP 214
EP 216
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.11.078
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA DH3GX
UT WOS:000372676600045
PM 26671789
ER
PT J
AU Zimmerman, BE
Bergeron, DE
AF Zimmerman, B. E.
Bergeron, D. E.
TI (Mis)use of Ba-133 as a calibration surrogate for I-131 in clinical
activity calibrators
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its
Applications (ICRM)
CY JUN 08-12, 2015
CL TU Wien, Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Austrian Bundesamt Eich & Vermessungswesen, European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Enlargement & Integrat Act, Univ Bodenkultur
HO TU Wien
DE Activity calibrators; Barium-133; Iodine-131; Ionization chambers
ID THERAPY
AB Using NIST-calibrated solutions of Ba-131 and I-131 in the 5 mL NIST ampoule geometry, measurements were made in three NIST-maintained Capintec activity calibrators and the NIST Vinten 671 ionization chamber to evaluate the suitability of using Ba-133 as a calibration surrogate for I-131. For the Capintec calibrators, the Ba-133 response was a factor of about 300% higher than that of the same amount of I-131. For the Vinten 671, the Ba-133 response was about 7% higher than that of I-131. These results demonstrate that Ba-133 is a poor surrogate for I-131. New calibration factors for these radionuclides in the ampoule geometry for the Vinten 671 and Capintec activity calibrators were also determined. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Zimmerman, B. E.; Bergeron, D. E.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zimmerman, BE (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Bergeron, Denis/I-4332-2013
OI Bergeron, Denis/0000-0003-1150-7950
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 109
BP 250
EP 253
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.11.034
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA DH3GX
UT WOS:000372676600053
PM 26653213
ER
PT J
AU Bergeron, DE
AF Bergeron, Denis E.
TI Micellar phase boundaries under the influence of ethyl alcohol
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its
Applications (ICRM)
CY JUN 08-12, 2015
CL TU Wien, Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Austrian Bundesamt Eich & Vermessungswesen, European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Enlargement & Integrat Act, Univ Bodenkultur
HO TU Wien
DE Liquid scintillation counting; Critical micelle concentration; Ethanol;
Cocktail; Microemulsion; Reverse micelle
ID TRITON X-100 MIXTURE; DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; SODIUM DODECYL-SULFATE;
SOLUTION-AIR INTERFACE; SHORT-CHAIN ALCOHOLS; CETYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIUM
BROMIDE; REVERSE MICELLES; WATER; SURFACTANT; FLUORESCENCE
AB The Compton spectrum quenching technique is used to monitor the effect of ethyl alcohol (EtOH) additions on phase boundaries in two systems. In toluenic solutions of the nonionic surfactant, Triton X-100, EtOH shifts the boundary separating the first clear phase from the first turbid phase to higher water:surfactant ratios. In a commonly used scintillant, Ultima Gold AB, the critical micelle concentration is not shifted. The molecular interactions behind the observations and implications for liquid scintillation counting are discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bergeron, Denis E.] NIST, Radiat Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bergeron, DE (reprint author), NIST, Radiat Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM denis.bergeron@nist.gov
RI Bergeron, Denis/I-4332-2013
OI Bergeron, Denis/0000-0003-1150-7950
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 109
BP 264
EP 269
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.11.006
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA DH3GX
UT WOS:000372676600057
PM 26585642
ER
PT J
AU Fitzgerald, R
AF Fitzgerald, R.
TI Monte Carlo based approach to the LS-NaI 4 pi beta-gamma anticoincidence
extrapolation and uncertainty
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its
Applications (ICRM)
CY JUN 08-12, 2015
CL TU Wien, Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Austrian Bundesamt Eich & Vermessungswesen, European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Enlargement & Integrat Act, Univ Bodenkultur
HO TU Wien
DE Beta-gamma method; Anticoincidence; Coincidence; Monte Carlo simulations
ID COINCIDENCE MEASUREMENTS; PRIMARY STANDARDIZATION; DECAY SCHEME;
CALIBRATION; SIMULATION; CURVES; F-18
AB The 4 pi beta-gamma anticoincidence method is used for the primary standardization of beta-, beta+, electron capture (EC), alpha, and mixed-mode radionuclides. Efficiency extrapolation using one or more gamma ray coincidence gates is typically carried out by a low-order polynomial fit. The approach presented here is to use a Geant4-based Monte Carlo simulation of the detector system to analyze the efficiency extrapolation. New code was developed to account for detector resolution, direct gamma ray interaction with the PMT, and implementation of experimental, beta-decay shape factors. The simulation was tuned to Co-57 and Co-60 data, then tested with Tc-99m data, and used in measurements of F-18, I-129 and I-124. The analysis method described here offers a more realistic activity value and uncertainty than those indicated from a least squares fit alone. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Fitzgerald, R.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fitzgerald, R (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ryan.fitzgerald@nist.gov
RI Fitzgerald, Ryan/H-6132-2016
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 109
BP 308
EP 313
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.11.107
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA DH3GX
UT WOS:000372676600065
PM 27358944
ER
PT J
AU Fitzgerald, R
AF Fitzgerald, R.
TI Corrections for the combined effects of decay and dead time in
live-timed counting of short-lived radionuclides
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its
Applications (ICRM)
CY JUN 08-12, 2015
CL TU Wien, Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Austrian Bundesamt Eich & Vermessungswesen, European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Enlargement & Integrat Act, Univ Bodenkultur
HO TU Wien
DE Radioactive decay; Dead time
AB Studies and calibrations of short-lived radionuclides, for example O-15, are of particular interest in nuclear medicine. Yet counting experiments on such species are vulnerable to an error due to the combined effect of decay and dead time. Separate decay corrections and dead-time corrections do not account for this issue. Usually counting data are decay-corrected to the start time of the count period, or else instead of correcting the count rate, the mid-time of the measurement is used as the reference time. Correction factors are derived for both those methods, considering both extending and non-extending dead time. Series approximations are derived here and the accuracy of those approximations are discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Fitzgerald, R.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fitzgerald, R (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ryan.fitzgerald@nist.gov
RI Fitzgerald, Ryan/H-6132-2016
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 109
BP 335
EP 340
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.11.108
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA DH3GX
UT WOS:000372676600070
PM 26682893
ER
PT J
AU Cessna, JT
Golas, DB
Bergeron, DE
AF Cessna, Jeffrey T.
Golas, Daniel B.
Bergeron, Denis E.
TI Source self-attenuation in ionization chamber measurements of Co-57
solutions
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and its
Applications (ICRM)
CY JUN 08-12, 2015
CL TU Wien, Vienna, AUSTRIA
SP Austrian Bundesamt Eich & Vermessungswesen, European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr Enlargement & Integrat Act, Univ Bodenkultur
HO TU Wien
DE Ionization chamber; Self-attenuation; Co-57 solution
ID CALIBRATOR
AB Source self-attenuation for solutions of Co-57 of varying density and carrier concentration was measured in nine re-entrant ionization chambers maintained at NIST. The magnitude of the attenuation must be investigated to determine whether a correction is necessary in the determination of the activity of a source that differs in composition from the source used to calibrate the ionization chamber. At our institute, corrections are currently made in the measurement of Ce-144, Cd-109, Ga-67, Au-195, Ho-166, Lu-177, and Sm-153. This work presents the methods used as recently applied to Co-57. A range of corrections up to 1% were calculated for dilute to concentrated HCl at routinely used carrier concentrations. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Cessna, Jeffrey T.; Golas, Daniel B.; Bergeron, Denis E.] NIST, 100 Bur Dr MS8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Golas, Daniel B.] Nucl Energy Inst, 1201 F St NW, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
RP Cessna, JT (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr MS8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Jeffrey.Cessna@nist.gov
RI Bergeron, Denis/I-4332-2013
OI Bergeron, Denis/0000-0003-1150-7950
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 109
BP 402
EP 404
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.12.019
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA DH3GX
UT WOS:000372676600085
PM 26717794
ER
PT J
AU Smillie, DG
Pickering, JC
Nave, G
Smith, PL
AF Smillie, D. G.
Pickering, J. C.
Nave, G.
Smith, P. L.
TI THE SPECTRUM AND TERM ANALYSIS OF CO III MEASURED USING FOURIER
TRANSFORM AND GRATING SPECTROSCOPY
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data; line: identification; line: profiles; methods: laboratory:
atomic
ID DOUBLY IONIZED ATOMS; IRON-GROUP ELEMENTS; VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET;
ENERGY-LEVELS; CONFIGURATIONS; WAVELENGTHS; 3RD; UV; SPECTROMETER;
MULTIPLET
AB The spectrum of Co III has been recorded in the region 1562-2564 angstrom (64,000 cm(-1)-39,000 cm(-1)) by Fourier transform (FT) spectroscopy, and in the region 1317-2500 angstrom (164,000 cm(-1)-40,000 cm(-1)) using a 10.7 m grating spectrograph with phosphor image plate detectors. The spectrum was excited in a cobalt-neon Penning discharge lamp. We classified 514 Co III lines measured using FT spectroscopy, the strongest having wavenumber uncertainties approaching 0.004 cm(-1) (approximately 0.2 m angstrom at 2000 angstrom, or 1 part in 10(7)), and 240 lines measured with grating spectroscopy with uncertainties between 5 and 10 m angstrom. The wavelength calibration of 790 lines of Raassen & Orti Ortin and 87 lines from Shenstone has been revised and combined with our measurements to optimize the values of all but one of the 288 previously reported energy levels. Order of magnitude reductions in uncertainty for almost two-thirds of the 3d(6)4s and almost half of the 3d(6)4p revised energy levels are obtained. Ritz wavelengths have been calculated for an additional 100 forbidden lines. Eigenvector percentage compositions for the energy levels and predicted oscillator strengths have been calculated using the Cowan code.
C1 [Smillie, D. G.; Pickering, J. C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Nave, G.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Smith, P. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Pickering, JC (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2AZ, England.
EM j.pickering@imperial.ac.uk
FU NASA [NAG5-12668, W-10,255, NNH10AH38I]; STFC; PPARC (UK); Royal Society
of the UK; Leverhulme Trust
FX This work was supported in part by NASA grant NAG5-12668, NASA
inter-agency agreements W-10,255 and NNH10AH38I, the STFC and PPARC
(UK), the Royal Society of the UK, and by the Leverhulme Trust.
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
EI 1538-4365
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 223
IS 1
AR 12
DI 10.3847/0067-0049/223/1/12
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA DI0TB
UT WOS:000373208900012
ER
PT J
AU Abrahamsson, S
Ilic, R
Wisniewski, J
Mehl, B
Yu, LY
Chen, L
Davanco, M
Oudjedi, L
Fiche, JB
Hajj, B
Jin, X
Pulupa, J
Cho, C
Mir, M
El Beheiry, M
Darzacq, X
Nollmann, M
Dahan, M
Wu, C
Lionnet, T
Liddle, JA
Bargmann, CI
AF Abrahamsson, Sara
Ilic, Rob
Wisniewski, Jan
Mehl, Brian
Yu, Liya
Chen, Lei
Davanco, Marcelo
Oudjedi, Laura
Fiche, Jean-Bernard
Hajj, Bassam
Jin, Xin
Pulupa, Joan
Cho, Christine
Mir, Mustafa
El Beheiry, Mohamed
Darzacq, Xavier
Nollmann, Marcelo
Dahan, Maxime
Wu, Carl
Lionnet, Timothee
Liddle, J. Alexander
Bargmann, Cornelia I.
TI Multifocus microscopy with precise color multi-phase diffractive optics
applied in functional neuronal imaging
SO BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; CELL
AB Multifocus microscopy (MFM) allows high-resolution instantaneous three-dimensional (3D) imaging and has been applied to study biological specimens ranging from single molecules inside cells nuclei to entire embryos. We here describe pattern designs and nanofabrication methods for diffractive optics that optimize the light-efficiency of the central optical component of MFM: the diffractive multifocus grating (MFG). We also implement a "precise color" MFM layout with MFGs tailored to individual fluorophores in separate optical arms. The reported advancements enable faster and brighter volumetric time-lapse imaging of biological samples. In live microscopy applications, photon budget is a critical parameter and light-efficiency must be optimized to obtain the fastest possible frame rate while minimizing photodamage. We provide comprehensive descriptions and code for designing diffractive optical devices, and a detailed methods description for nanofabrication of devices. Theoretical efficiencies of reported designs is approximate to 90% and we have obtained efficiencies of > 80% in MFGs of our own manufacture. We demonstrate the performance of a multi-phase MFG in 3D functional neuronal imaging in living C. elegans. (C) 2016 Optical Society of America
C1 [Abrahamsson, Sara; Jin, Xin; Cho, Christine; Bargmann, Cornelia I.] Rockefeller Univ, HHMI, New York, NY 10065 USA.
[Abrahamsson, Sara; Jin, Xin; Cho, Christine; Bargmann, Cornelia I.] Rockefeller Univ, Lulu & Anthony Wang Lab Neural Circuits & Behav, New York, NY 10065 USA.
[Abrahamsson, Sara; Ilic, Rob; Yu, Liya; Chen, Lei; Davanco, Marcelo; Liddle, J. Alexander] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wisniewski, Jan; Mehl, Brian; Hajj, Bassam; Mir, Mustafa; El Beheiry, Mohamed; Darzacq, Xavier; Dahan, Maxime; Wu, Carl; Lionnet, Timothee] Transcript Imaging Consortium, HHMI Janelia Res Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147 USA.
[Oudjedi, Laura; Fiche, Jean-Bernard; Nollmann, Marcelo] Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1054, CNRS UMR5048, Ctr Biochim Struct, 29 Rue Navacelles, F-34090 Montpellier, France.
[Pulupa, Joan] Rockefeller Univ, Lab Cellular Biophys, New York, NY 10065 USA.
[Mir, Mustafa; Darzacq, Xavier] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[El Beheiry, Mohamed; Dahan, Maxime] Univ Paris 06, Inst Curie, CNRS UMR 168, Lab Physico Chim, 11 Rue Pierre & Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France.
RP Abrahamsson, S (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, HHMI, New York, NY 10065 USA.; Abrahamsson, S (reprint author), Rockefeller Univ, Lulu & Anthony Wang Lab Neural Circuits & Behav, New York, NY 10065 USA.; Abrahamsson, S (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sara.abrahamsson@gmail.com
RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013;
OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; Lionnet, Timothee/0000-0003-1508-0202
FU CNF grant [ECCS-15420819]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; European
Research Council [ERC-Stg-260787]; California Institute for Regenerative
Medicine Research Leadership Grant [LA1-08013]
FX We thank John Treichler, Daron Westley, Michael Skvarla, Gary Bordonaro,
Meredith Metzler, Sam Stavis and all the excellent staff at the national
user facilities CNF (Cornell, Ithaca, NY) and CNST (NIST, Gaithersburg,
MD) for advice, training, help and guidance in practical
nanofabrication. These and other user facilities provide an
irreplaceable resource for researchers who wish to develop their
theoretical inventions into novel technologies such as advanced optical
systems for biological imaging. (CNF grant number: ECCS-15420819).
Functional neuronal imaging data was recorded during the Neurobiology
course at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Cape Cod. We
thank summer students Nichelle Jackson and Veronica Jove, who took part
in recording the functional imaging data, and the entire MBL research
community for assistance and inspiration during the course, especially
Josh Zimmerberg (NIH) for letting us use his Laser. Special thanks to
Uli Hoffman and Gerald Lopez at GenISys for their help in developing
conversion methods for Beamer software to accommodate big MFG data
files. S.A. is a Leon Levy Postdoctoral Fellow in Neuroscience at the
Rockefeller University. C.I.B is an investigator of the Howard Hughes
Medical Institute, and work in the lab is funded by the Howard Hughes
Medical Institute. X.J. is an HHMI predoctoral fellow. J.P. is a Howard
Hughes Medical Institute Gilliam Fellow. Research in M.N.'s group was
supported by a European Research Council Starting Grant
(ERC-Stg-260787). Funding for the Janelia Research Campus groups was
provided by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. M.M. and X.D. are
funded by the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine Research
Leadership Grant (LA1-08013 to X.D.). This paper is written in memory of
the late Mats G.L. Gustafsson, with whom the MFM system was originally
designed.
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 12
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2156-7085
J9 BIOMED OPT EXPRESS
JI Biomed. Opt. Express
PD MAR 1
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 3
BP 855
EP 869
DI 10.1364/BOE.7.000855
PG 15
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA DG4JR
UT WOS:000372039000012
PM 27231594
ER
PT J
AU Kuersten, A
AF Kuersten, Andreas
TI Strategic Reassurance and Resolve: US-China Relations in the
Twenty-First Century
SO CHINA QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Kuersten, Andreas] US Court Appeals Armed Forces, Washington, DC 20442 USA.
[Kuersten, Andreas] NOAA, Washington, DC USA.
[Kuersten, Andreas] US Navy, Washington, DC USA.
[Kuersten, Andreas] US Air Force, Washington, DC USA.
RP Kuersten, A (reprint author), US Court Appeals Armed Forces, Washington, DC 20442 USA.
EM andreas.kuersten@armfor.uscourts.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 4
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0305-7410
EI 1468-2648
J9 CHINA QUART
JI China Q.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 225
BP 264
EP 266
DI 10.1017/S0305741016000096
PG 3
WC Area Studies
SC Area Studies
GA DH5FY
UT WOS:000372812700019
ER
PT J
AU Degheidy, H
Abbasi, F
Mostowski, H
Gaigalas, AK
Marti, G
Bauer, S
Wang, LL
AF Degheidy, Heba
Abbasi, Fatima
Mostowski, Howard
Gaigalas, Adolfas K.
Marti, Gerald
Bauer, Steven
Wang, Lili
TI Consistent, multi-instrument single tube quantification of CD20 in
antibody bound per cell based on CD4 reference
SO CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE flow cytometry; CD20 quantification; instrument characterization and
standardization; mean; geometric mean fluorescence intensity; antibody
bound per cell
ID CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; QUANTITATIVE FLOW-CYTOMETRY; ASSAYS
PRACTICE GUIDELINES; ANTI-CD4 FITC ANTIBODY; B-CELLS; HLA-DR;
EXPRESSION; FLUORESCEIN; VALIDATION; VARIABLES
AB Detecting changes in the expression levels of cell antigens could provide critical information for the diagnosis of many diseases, for example, leukemia, lymphoma, and immunodeficiency diseases, detecting minimal residual disease, monitoring immunotherapies and discovery of meaningful clinical disease markers. One of the most significant challenges in flow cytometry is how to best ensure measurement quality and generate consistent and reproducible inter-laboratory and intra-laboratory results across multiple cytometer platforms and locations longitudinally over time. In a previous study, we developed a procedure for instrument standardization across four different flow cytometer platforms from the same manufacturer. CD19 quantification was performed on three of the standardized instruments relative to CD4 expression on T lymphocytes with a known amount of antibody bound per cell (ABC) as a quantification standard. Consistent and reliable measures of CD19 expression were obtained independent of fluorochrome used demonstrating the utility of this approach. In the present investigation, quantification of CD20 relative to CD4 reference marker was implemented within a single tube containing both antibodies. Relative quantification of CD20 was performed using anti-CD20 antibody (clone L27) in three different fluorochromes relative to anti-CD4 antibody (clone SK3). Our results demonstrated that cell surface marker quantification can be performed robustly using the single tube assay format with novel gating strategies. The ABC values obtained for CD20 expression levels using PE, APC, or PerCP Cy5.5 are consistent over the five different instrument platforms for any given apparently healthy donor independent of the fluorochrome used. (c) 2015 International Clinical Cytometry Society
C1 [Degheidy, Heba; Abbasi, Fatima; Mostowski, Howard; Bauer, Steven] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
[Gaigalas, Adolfas K.; Wang, Lili] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Marti, Gerald] FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
RP Wang, LL (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8312, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.; Bauer, S (reprint author), FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
EM Steven.bauer@fda.hhs.gov; lili.wang@nist.gov
FU DCGT; OCTGT; CBER; BBD; MML; NIST
FX Grant sponsor: DCGT.; Grant sponsor: OCTGT.; Grant sponsor: CBER.; Grant
sponsor: BBD.; Grant sponsor: MML.; Grant sponsor: NIST.
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1552-4949
EI 1552-4957
J9 CYTOM PART B-CLIN CY
JI Cytom. Part B-Clin. Cytom.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 90
IS 2
SI SI
BP 159
EP 167
DI 10.1002/cyto.b.21253
PG 9
WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology
GA DI3EE
UT WOS:000373380400007
PM 26013593
ER
PT J
AU Vandergast, AG
Wood, DA
Thompson, AR
Fisher, M
Barrows, CW
Grant, TJ
AF Vandergast, Amy G.
Wood, Dustin A.
Thompson, Andrew R.
Fisher, Mark
Barrows, Cameron W.
Grant, Tyler J.
TI Drifting to oblivion? Rapid genetic differentiation in an endangered
lizard following habitat fragmentation and drought
SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE conservation; disturbance; gene flow; genetic diversity
ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN COMPUTATION; MULTILOCUS
GENOTYPE DATA; COACHELLA VALLEY; UMA-INORNATA; METAPOPULATION STRUCTURE;
SUBDIVIDED POPULATIONS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; CONSERVATION GENETICS;
NATURAL DISTURBANCE
AB Aim The frequency and severity of habitat alterations and disturbance are predicted to increase in upcoming decades, and understanding how disturbance affects population integrity is paramount for adaptive management. Although rarely is population genetic sampling conducted at multiple time points, pre- and post-disturbance comparisons may provide one of the clearest methods to measure these impacts. We examined how genetic properties of the federally threatened Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard (Uma inornata) responded to severe drought and habitat fragmentation across its range.
Location Coachella Valley, California, USA.
Methods We used 11 microsatellites to examine population genetic structure and diversity in 1996 and 2008, before and after a historic drought. We used Bayesian assignment methods and F-statistics to estimate genetic structure. We compared allelic richness across years to measure loss of genetic diversity and employed approximate Bayesian computing methods and heterozygote excess tests to explore the recent demographic history of populations. Finally, we compared effective population size across years and to abundance estimates to determine whether diversity remained low despite post-drought recovery.
Results Genetic structure increased between sampling periods, likely as a result of population declines during the historic drought of the late 1990s-early 2000s, and habitat loss and fragmentation that precluded post-drought genetic rescue. Simulations supported recent demographic declines in 3 of 4 main preserves, and in one preserve, we detected significant loss of allelic richness. Effective population sizes were generally low across the range, with estimates <= 100 in most sites.
Main conclusions Fragmentation and drought appear to have acted synergistically to induce genetic change over a short time frame. Progressive deterioration of connectivity, low Ne and measurable loss of genetic diversity suggest that conservation efforts have not maintained the genetic integrity of this species. Genetic sampling over time can help evaluate population trends to guide management.
C1 [Vandergast, Amy G.; Wood, Dustin A.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Station, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
[Thompson, Andrew R.] NOAA, Fisheries Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Fisher, Mark] Univ Calif, PL Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Res Ctr, Nat Reserve Syst, 54900 Desert Res Tr, Indian Wells, CA 92210 USA.
[Barrows, Cameron W.] Univ Calif Riverside, Ctr Conservat Biol, Riverside, CA 92251 USA.
[Grant, Tyler J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, 339 Sci 2, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Vandergast, AG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Station, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
EM avandergast@usgs.gov
OI Vandergast, Amy/0000-0002-7835-6571; Wood, Dustin/0000-0002-7668-9911
FU Western Ecological Research Center; Bureau of Land Management; U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;
Coachella Valley Habitat Conservation Plan
FX Kelly Zamudio and Christopher Phillips provided 1996 samples and
localities. Jonathan Richmond and Jeffrey Markert assisted with marker
development, and genotyping was performed at the SDSU Microchemical Core
Facility. William Watson, Sam McClatchie, Liz Bowen, Shannon Hedtke and
two anonymous referees provided comments that greatly improved the
manuscript. Ginny Short and Darrel Hutchinson assisted with 2008
surveys. 2008 samples were collected under USFWS permit FWSCFWO-31.
Whitewater samples were collected under USFWS permit TE-837521 of Al
Muth. Work was supported by the Western Ecological Research Center,
Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Coachella Valley Habitat
Conservation Plan. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government.
NR 86
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 13
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1366-9516
EI 1472-4642
J9 DIVERS DISTRIB
JI Divers. Distrib.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 3
BP 344
EP 357
DI 10.1111/ddi.12398
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DH6EB
UT WOS:000372882700009
ER
PT J
AU McKenna-Lawlor, S
Ip, W
Jackson, B
Odstrcil, D
Nieminen, P
Evans, H
Burch, J
Mandt, K
Goldstein, R
Richter, I
Dryer, M
AF McKenna-Lawlor, S.
Ip, W.
Jackson, B.
Odstrcil, D.
Nieminen, P.
Evans, H.
Burch, J.
Mandt, K.
Goldstein, R.
Richter, I.
Dryer, M.
TI Space Weather at Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko Before its Perihelion
SO EARTH MOON AND PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
DE Interplanetary scintillation technique; ENLIL modelling; Coronal mass
ejections; Comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko; Rosetta Mission
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; ROSETTA PLASMA CONSORTIUM; 3-DIMENSIONAL
PROPAGATION; SOLAR; MISSION; SODIUM; MOON; ACCELERATION; TOMOGRAPHY;
STREAMER
AB Interplanetary scintillation observations, as well as the ENLIL 3D-MHD model when employed either separately or in combination with the observations, enable the making of predictions of the solar wind density and speed at locations in the inner heliosphere. Both methods are utilized here to predict the arrival at the Rosetta spacecraft and its adjacent comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko of, flare related, interplanetary propagating shocks and coronal mass ejections in September 2014. The predictions of density and speed variations at the comet are successfully matched with signatures recorded by the magnetometer and the ion and electron sensor instruments in the Rosetta Plasma Package, thereby providing confidence that the signatures recorded aboard the spacecraft were solar related. The plasma perturbations which were detected some 9-10 days after significant flaring in September 2014 are interpreted to have been signatures of the arrivals of three coronal mass ejection related shocks at the comet. Also, a solar energetic particle event was recorded at 3.7 AU within similar to 30 min of the onset of a flare by the Standard Radiation Monitor aboard Rosetta.
C1 [McKenna-Lawlor, S.] NUI Maynooth, Space Technol Ireland Ltd, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland.
[Ip, W.] Natl Cent Univ, 300 Chung Da Rd, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
[Jackson, B.] Univ Calif San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Odstrcil, D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Nieminen, P.; Evans, H.] ESAs European Space Res & Technol Ctr, Noordwijk, Netherlands.
[Burch, J.; Mandt, K.; Goldstein, R.] SW Res Inst, 6220 Culebra Rd, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Richter, I.] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr 3, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Dryer, M.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr RET, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP McKenna-Lawlor, S (reprint author), NUI Maynooth, Space Technol Ireland Ltd, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland.
EM stil@nuim.ie
OI Mandt, Kathleen/0000-0001-8397-3315
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-9295
EI 1573-0794
J9 EARTH MOON PLANETS
JI Earth Moon Planets
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 117
IS 1
BP 1
EP 22
DI 10.1007/s11038-015-9479-5
PG 22
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology
GA DI0DY
UT WOS:000373166500001
ER
PT J
AU Dolan, TE
Patrick, WS
Link, JS
AF Dolan, Tara E.
Patrick, Wesley S.
Link, Jason S.
TI Delineating the continuum of marine ecosystem-based management: a US
fisheries reference point perspective
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE decision criteria; ecosystem approaches; ecosystem-based management;
fisheries management; reference points; science communication
ID SURPLUS PRODUCTION MODELS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; FISH COMMUNITY; RESPONSES;
OCEAN; GOVERNANCE; STOCK
AB Ecosystem management (EM) suffers from linguistic uncertainty surrounding the definition of "EM" and how it can be operationalized. Using fisheries management as an example, we clarify how EM exists in different paradigms along a continuum, starting with a single-species focus and building towards a more systemic and multi-sector perspective. Focusing on the specification of biological and other systemic reference points (SRPs) used in each paradigm and its related regulatory and governance structures, we compare and contrast similarities among these paradigms. We find that although EM is a hierarchical continuum, similar SRPs can be used throughout the continuum, but the scope of these reference points are broader at higher levels of management. This work interprets the current state of the conversation, and may help to clarify the levels of how EM is applied now and how it can be applied in the future, further advancing its implementation.
C1 [Dolan, Tara E.] NOAA Fisheries, Off Sci & Technol, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Patrick, Wesley S.] NOAA Fisheries, Off Sustainable Fisheries, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Patrick, Wesley S.] Minist Environm, 23 Kate Sheppard Pl, Wellington 6143, New Zealand.
[Link, Jason S.] NOAA Fisheries, Off Assistant Administrator, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Patrick, WS (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Off Sustainable Fisheries, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.; Patrick, WS (reprint author), Minist Environm, 23 Kate Sheppard Pl, Wellington 6143, New Zealand.
EM wes.patrick@mfe.govt.nz
OI Dolan, Tara/0000-0003-0937-0342
NR 112
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 9
U2 22
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD MAR-APR
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 4
BP 1042
EP 1050
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsv242
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DI1CM
UT WOS:000373233600006
ER
PT J
AU Cooper, DW
Nichol, DG
AF Cooper, Daniel W.
Nichol, Daniel G.
TI Juvenile northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra) spatial
distribution and abundance patterns in the eastern Bering Sea: spatially
dependent production linked to temperature
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE juvenile; Lepidopsetta polyxystra; Northern rock sole; nursery area;
nursery area hypothesis; temperature
ID FLATFISH RECRUITMENT RESPONSE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FISH POPULATIONS; OCEAN
CONDITIONS; VARIABILITY; GROWTH; WARM; ATLANTIC; SHELF
AB Annual spatial distribution and relative abundance of age-2 and age-3 northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra) and summer bottom temperatures were analysed using data from eastern Bering Sea summer trawl surveys from 1982 through 2012. Previously observed differences in age-0 northern rock sole distribution persisted until age-2 and age-3. Latitudinal distributions of age-2 and age-3 fish were correlated most strongly with summer bottom temperatures 2 and 3 years prior to the survey year, during the time that the fish would have been age-0. Thus, temperature during the age-0 year may affect spatial distribution for the first few years of life. Distribution of age-2 and age-3 fish shifted northwards 2 years after the beginning of a warming trend from 1999 to 2003, and shifted southwards 2 years after a cooling trend from 2004 through 2010. Northerly distributions were correlated with high abundances. Density dependence was ruled out as a reason for northward shifts in distribution given a lack of correlation between latitudinal distributions and the annual abundances within the southern part of the distribution. We propose that the large northern nursery area produces large cohorts of northern rock sole, and that bottom temperatures in the age-0 year affect use of the northern nursery area.
C1 [Cooper, Daniel W.; Nichol, Daniel G.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Cooper, DW (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM dan.cooper@noaa.gov
FU Cooperative Institute for Arctic Research; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration [NA17RJ1224]; University of Alaska
FX We thank the scientists and captains and crews of the research vessels
involved in the NOAA AFSC EBS shelf trawl and age-0 surveys for
collecting the data used in this study. Age-0 distribution data from
2003 was provided by B. Norcross and B. Holladay, University of Alaska
Fairbanks and was supported by the Cooperative Institute for Arctic
Research with funds from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration under cooperative agreement NA17RJ1224 with the
University of Alaska. We thank Morgan Busby and Lisa DeForest, AFSC
Eco-FOCI, for age-0 laboratory identifications. We also thank Kathy
Mier, AFSC Eco-FOCI, for assistance with cross-correlation functions,
and the AFSC Age and Growth Program age readers who read rock sole
otoliths from the EBS from 1982 through 2011. Stan Kotwicki, Robert
Lauth, Janet Duffy-Anderson, and Ann Matarese of the AFSC, and three
anonymous reviewers greatly improved this manuscript with thoughtful
comments of previous drafts. This study is contribution number
EcoFOCI-0856 to NOAA's Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated
Investigations. The findings and conclusions in the paper are those of
the authors an do not necessarily represent the views of the National
Marine Fisheries Service.
NR 35
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U1 5
U2 7
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD MAR-APR
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 4
BP 1138
EP 1146
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsw005
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DI1CM
UT WOS:000373233600014
ER
PT J
AU Goodheart, JA
Bazinet, AL
Collins, AG
Cummings, MP
AF Goodheart, J. A.
Bazinet, A. L.
Collins, A. G.
Cummings, M. P.
TI Phylogenomics of Cladobranchia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia)
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Maryland Coll Pk, College Pk, MD USA.
Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM GoodheartJ@si.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA 67-3
BP E77
EP E77
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457600308
ER
PT J
AU Kendall-Bar, JM
Weller, D
Fearnbach, H
Shane, S
Schorr, S
Falcone, E
Calambokidis, J
Schulman-Janiger, A
Barlow, JP
AF Kendall-Bar, J. M.
Weller, D.
Fearnbach, H.
Shane, S.
Schorr, S.
Falcone, E.
Calambokidis, J.
Schulman-Janiger, A.
Barlow, J. P.
TI Using photo-identification data to investigate movement and occurrence
patterns of short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) in
the eastern North Pacific
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA.
NMFS, Silver Spring, MD USA.
Ctr Whale Res, Friday Harbor, WA USA.
EM jmkendallbar@berkeley.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA 65-1
BP E109
EP E109
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457600434
ER
PT J
AU Lema, SC
Chow, MI
Resner, EJ
Dittman, AH
Hardy, KM
AF Lema, S. C.
Chow, M., I
Resner, E. J.
Dittman, A. H.
Hardy, K. M.
TI Thyroid hormone signaling and phenotypic divergence in a desert pupfish:
interactions among thermal experience, metabolism and morphology
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, CA USA.
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
NWFSC, Niceville, FL USA.
NOAA Fisheries, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM slema@calpoly.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA 72-1
BP E124
EP E124
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457600497
ER
PT J
AU Marshall, H
Bernal, D
Skomal, G
Richard, B
Bushnell, P
Whitney, N
AF Marshall, H.
Bernal, D.
Skomal, G.
Richard, B.
Bushnell, P.
Whitney, N.
TI Blood stress physiology parameters and mortality rates of sharks after
commercial longline capture
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL USA.
Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA USA.
Massachusetts Div Marine Fisheries, Boston, MA USA.
Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, St Petersburg, FL USA.
NOAA, St Petersburg, FL USA.
Indiana Univ South Bend, Bend, OR USA.
EM hmarshall@mote.org
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA P3.95
BP E328
EP E328
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457601671
ER
PT J
AU Mesnick, SL
Orbach, DN
Danil, K
Chivers, SJ
Robeck, TR
Montano, GA
Gulland, F
Marshall, CD
Dines, J
Dean, MD
Ralls, K
Dixson, AF
AF Mesnick, S. L.
Orbach, D. N.
Danil, K.
Chivers, S. J.
Robeck, T. R.
Montano, G. A.
Gulland, F.
Marshall, C. D.
Dines, J.
Dean, M. D.
Ralls, K.
Dixson, A. F.
TI Coevolution of Female and Male Reproductive Tract Anatomy in Cetaceans
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA USA.
Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Los Angeles, CA USA.
Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC USA.
Victoria Univ Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
EM sarah.mesnick@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA 5-1
BP E148
EP E148
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457600592
ER
PT J
AU Nichols, ZG
Busch, S
Mcelhany, P
AF Nichols, Z. G.
Busch, S.
Mcelhany, P.
TI Metabolic response of dungeness crab larvae to varying pH and dissolved
oxygen
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
EM zgnichols@crimson.ua.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA P1.87
BP E342
EP E342
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457601724
ER
PT J
AU Noren, DP
Holt, MM
Dunkin, RC
Williams, TM
AF Noren, D. P.
Holt, M. M.
Dunkin, R. C.
Williams, T. M.
TI Echolocation is Cheap for One Vertebrate: Dolphins Conserve Oxygen while
Producing High-Intensity Clicks at Depth
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM dawn.noren@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA 28-7
BP E162
EP E162
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457601006
ER
PT J
AU Orbach, DN
Marshall, CD
Wursig, B
Mesnick, SL
AF Orbach, D. N.
Marshall, C. D.
Wuersig, B.
Mesnick, S. L.
TI Potential evolution and function of vaginal folds in cetaceans
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Texas A&M Univ, Galveston, TX USA.
SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA.
NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM orbachd@tamug.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA P2.131
BP E345
EP E345
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457601736
ER
PT J
AU Orbach, DN
Marshall, CD
Wursig, B
Mesnick, SL
AF Orbach, D. N.
Marshall, C. D.
Wuersig, B.
Mesnick, S. L.
TI Variation in Reproductive Tract Morphology of Female Common Bottlenose
Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Texas A&M Univ, Galveston, TX USA.
SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA.
NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM orbachd@tamug.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA 102-1
BP E165
EP E165
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457601018
ER
PT J
AU Powell, JWB
Duffield, DA
Kaufman, JJ
Wells, RS
Mcfee, WE
AF Powell, J. W. B.
Duffield, D. A.
Kaufman, J. J.
Wells, R. S.
Mcfee, W. E.
TI Technological advancements to foster clinical assessment of bone density
in live, free-ranging bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
CyberLogic Inc, New York, NY USA.
Chicago Zool Soc, Sarasota Dolphin Res Program, Chicago, IL USA.
Natl Ocean Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM james.powell@pdx.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA 97-6
BP E175
EP E175
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457601060
ER
PT J
AU Stillman, JH
Fay, S
Swiney, K
Foy, R
AF Stillman, J. H.
Fay, S.
Swiney, K.
Foy, R.
TI Transcriptomic response of juvenile red king crab, Paralithodes
camtschaticus, to the interactive effects of ocean acidification and
warming
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 SF State Univ, San Francisco, CA USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Invitae, San Francisco, CA USA.
Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
EM stillmaj@sfsu.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 7
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA 39-3
BP E213
EP E213
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457601210
ER
PT J
AU Tanner, RL
Obaza, AK
Ginsburg, DW
AF Tanner, R. L.
Obaza, A. K.
Ginsburg, D. W.
TI Secondary Productivity and Habitat Composition of Eelgrass Beds in a
Southern California Marine Protected Area
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
NOAA Fisheries, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM rtanner@berkeley.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA 6-2
BP E218
EP E218
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457601231
ER
PT J
AU Volkel, SL
Volkel, S
AF Volkel, S. L.
Volkel, Shea
TI Fish distribution during smolt migration in the Penobscot Estuary, ME
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 NMFS NEFSC Maine Field Stn, NOAA Hollings Scholarship Program, Orono, ME USA.
Univ N Carolina, NOAA, Wilmington, NC USA.
EM shea.volkel@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA 119-6
BP E230
EP E230
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457601280
ER
PT J
AU Wright, AJ
Hyde, JR
Wegner, NC
AF Wright, A. J.
Hyde, J. R.
Wegner, N. C.
TI Gill morphology, movements, and in vivo temperature measurements of an
endothermic fish, the opah, Lampris guttatus.
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
(SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2016
CL Portland, OR
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 [Wright, A. J.; Hyde, J. R.; Wegner, N. C.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA.
EM alexander.wright@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 8
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 56
SU 1
MA P1.40
BP E397
EP E397
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DH0FJ
UT WOS:000372457601946
ER
PT J
AU Ryzhkov, A
Zhang, PF
Reeves, H
Kumjian, M
Tschallener, T
Tromel, S
Simmer, C
AF Ryzhkov, Alexander
Zhang, Pengfei
Reeves, Heather
Kumjian, Matthew
Tschallener, Timo
Troemel, Silke
Simmer, Clemens
TI Quasi-Vertical Profiles-A New Way to Look at Polarimetric Radar Data
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Observational techniques and algorithms; Radars/Radar observations;
Remote sensing
ID BACKSCATTER DIFFERENTIAL PHASE; MELTING LAYER; PRECIPITATION
AB A novel methodology is introduced for processing and presenting polarimetric data collected by weather surveillance radars. It involves azimuthal averaging of radar reflectivity Z, differential reflectivity Z(DR), cross-correlation coefficient rho(hv), and differential phase phi(DP) at high antenna elevation, and presenting resulting quasi-vertical profiles (QVPs) in a height-versus-time format. Multiple examples of QVPs retrieved from the data collected by S-, C-, and X-band dual-polarization radars at elevations ranging from 6.4 degrees to 28 degrees illustrate advantages of the QVP technique. The benefits include an ability to examine the temporal evolution of microphysical processes governing precipitation production and to compare polarimetric data obtained from the scanning surveillance weather radars with observations made by vertically looking remote sensors, such as wind profilers, lidars, radiometers, cloud radars, and radars operating on spaceborne and airborne platforms. Continuous monitoring of the melting layer and the layer of dendritic growth with high vertical resolution, and the possible opportunity to discriminate between the processes of snow aggregation and riming, constitute other potential benefits of the suggested methodology.
C1 [Ryzhkov, Alexander; Zhang, Pengfei; Reeves, Heather] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Ryzhkov, Alexander; Zhang, Pengfei; Reeves, Heather] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, OAR, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Kumjian, Matthew] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Tschallener, Timo; Troemel, Silke; Simmer, Clemens] Univ Bonn, Inst Meteorol, Bonn, Germany.
RP Ryzhkov, A (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, CIMMS, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Ste 2100, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM alexander.ryzhkov@noaa.gov
RI Measurement, Global/C-4698-2015; Simmer, Clemens/M-4949-2013
OI Simmer, Clemens/0000-0003-3001-8642
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma [NA11OAR4320072]; U.S. Department of Commerce; U.S. National
Weather Service; U.S. Department of Defense program for modernization of
NEXRAD radars; U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric System Research
program [ER65459]; U.S. National Science Foundation [AGS-1143948];
Federal Aviation Administration; BMVBS (Federal Ministry of Transport,
Building and Urban Development); Transregional Collaborative Research
Centre 32 [SFB/TR 32]; DFG (German Research Foundation)
FX Funding for the study was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative
Agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S. Department of Commerce, and by the U.S.
National Weather Service, Federal Aviation Administration, and U.S.
Department of Defense program for modernization of NEXRAD radars.
Additional support was given from the Grant ER65459 by the U.S.
Department of Energy's Atmospheric System Research program and Grant
AGS-1143948 from the U.S. National Science Foundation. Research based on
the Bonn X-band radar was carried out in the framework of the
Hans-Ertel-Centre for Weather Research
(http://www.herz-tb1.uni-bonn.de/), funded by the BMVBS (Federal
Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development), and the SFB/TR
32 (Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 32;
http://www.tr32.de/), funded by the DFG (German Research Foundation).
NR 21
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 10
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 3
BP 551
EP 562
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-15-0020.1
PG 12
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DH4XU
UT WOS:000372789700003
ER
PT J
AU Rudlosky, SD
Nichols, MA
Meyers, PC
Wheeler, DF
AF Rudlosky, Scott D.
Nichols, Meredith A.
Meyers, Patrick C.
Wheeler, David F.
TI Seasonal and Annual Validation of Operational Satellite Precipitation
Estimates
SO JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RAINFALL ESTIMATION; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; ALGORITHM; RESOLUTION
AB This study analyzes the performance of five satellite-derived precipitation products relative to ground-based gauge observations. The satellite products estimate precipitation using passive microwave (PMW) and/or infrared (IR) observations. Differences in these observation methods lead to seasonal and regional biases that influence the operational utility of the satellite precipitation estimates. In turn, these products require informed interpretation by forecasters. Five years of daily satellite precipitation estimates (2010-14) are composited into two types of seasonal and annual maps to characterize performance. The seasonal composites reveal positive biases during summer and greater variability among satellite products during winter. Each satellite product overestimates the maximum daily precipitation relative to gauge throughout much of the central and eastern United States. In this region, the 95th percentile of gauge-reported daily precipitation values generally range between 20 and 40 mm day(-1), whereas the satellite-reported values generally exceed 40 mm day(-1). Winter exhibits greater variability among satellite products with a mix of both positive and negative biases. The bias magnitudes are greater and the spatial correlations are lower (i.e., the composite maps are less similar) during winter than during summer. The IR-based products generally overestimate winter precipitation north of 36 degrees N, and the PMW-based products performed poorly in mountainous regions along the West Coast. These results characterize biases in satellite precipitation estimates to better inform the user community and help researchers improve future versions of their operational products.
C1 [Rudlosky, Scott D.] NOAA NESDIS STAR, College Pk, MD USA.
[Nichols, Meredith A.; Meyers, Patrick C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Wheeler, David F.] Iteris Inc, Grand Forks, ND USA.
RP Rudlosky, SD (reprint author), 5825 Univ Res Ct,Suite 4001, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM scott.rudlosky@noaa.gov
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU NATL WEATHER ASSOC
PI NORMAN
PA 350 DAVID L BOREN BLVD, STE 2750, NORMAN, OK USA
SN 2325-6184
J9 J OPER METEOROL
JI J. Oper. Meteorol.
PD MAR 1
PY 2016
VL 4
IS 5
BP 58
EP 74
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DH6MS
UT WOS:000372905400001
ER
PT J
AU Harris, HS
Benson, SR
James, MC
Martin, KJ
Stacy, BA
Daoust, PY
Rist, PM
Work, TM
Balazs, GH
Seminoff, JA
AF Harris, Heather S.
Benson, Scott R.
James, Michael C.
Martin, Kelly J.
Stacy, Brian A.
Daoust, Pierre-Yves
Rist, Paul M.
Work, Thierry M.
Balazs, George H.
Seminoff, Jeffrey A.
TI VALIDATION OF ULTRASOUND AS A NONINVASIVE TOOL TO MEASURE SUBCUTANEOUS
FAT DEPTH IN LEATHERBACK SEA TURTLES (DERMOCHELYS CORIACEA)
SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Body condition; Dermochelys coriacea; fat; health; leatherback sea
turtle; ultrasound
ID THICKNESS; LIPIDS
AB Leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) undergo substantial cyclical changes in body condition between foraging and nesting. Ultrasonography has been used to measure subcutaneous fat as an indicator of body condition in many species but has not been applied in sea turtles. To validate this technique in leatherback turtles, ultrasound images were obtained from 36 live-captured and dead-stranded immature and adult turtles from foraging and nesting areas in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Ultrasound measurements were compared with direct measurements from surgical biopsy or necropsy. Tissue architecture was confirmed histologically in a subset of turtles. The dorsal shoulder region provided the best site for differentiation of tissues. Maximum fat depth values with the front flipper in a neutral (45-908) position demonstrated good correlation with direct measurements. Ultrasound-derived fat measurements may be used in the future for quantitative assessment of body condition as an index of health in this critically endangered species.
C1 [Harris, Heather S.; Benson, Scott R.; Seminoff, Jeffrey A.] Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[James, Michael C.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, 1 Challenger Dr, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
[Martin, Kelly J.] Loggerhead Marinelife Ctr, 14200 US Highway 1, Juno Beach, FL 33408 USA.
[Stacy, Brian A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Protected Resources, POB 110885, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Daoust, Pierre-Yves; Rist, Paul M.] Univ Prince Edward Isl, Atlantic Vet Coll, 550 Univ Ave, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
[Work, Thierry M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu Field Stn, 300 Ala Moana Blvd,Room 5231, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
[Balazs, George H.] Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1845 Wasp Blvd, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Martin, Kelly J.] Project Leatherback Inc, 3330 Fairchild Gardens Ave 31061, Palm Beach Gardens, FL 33410 USA.
RP Harris, HS (reprint author), Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM heathersharris@gmail.com
FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife's Oil Spill Response Trust
Fund through the Oiled Wildlife Care Network at the Karen C. Drayer
Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of
California, Davis
FX This project was supported in part by the California Department of Fish
and Wildlife's Oil Spill Response Trust Fund through the Oiled Wildlife
Care Network at the Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of
Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis. Field work was
conducted under permits from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) (1596-01, 1596-03, and 15634), the Florida Fish
and Wildlife Conservation Commission Marine Turtle Permit (157), and
Fisheries and Oceans Canada License 332697. All live animal procedures
were approved by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)
through Moss Landing Marine Laboratories/San Jose State University
Research Foundation (974). The authors thank C. Harms, M. Boor, J.
Mellish, and C. Harvey-Clark for valuable scientific input; C. Fahy from
the NOAA West Coast Regional Office; J. Douglas from the Moss Landing
Marine Laboratories; the in-water capture and aerial teams from NOAA
Southwest Fisheries Science Center and Canadian Sea Turtle Network; the
necropsy teams from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife's
Marine Wildlife Veterinary Care and Research Center, Atlantic Veterinary
College, and NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, especially
T. Jones; C. Innis, J. Cavin, and the New England Aquarium Departments
of Animal Health and Rescue and Rehabilitation; C. Johnson and the
leatherback field research team from the Loggerhead Marinelife Center;
marine wildlife stranding networks in the United States and Canada; and
the NOAA Pacific Islands longline fisheries observer program.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS
PI YULEE
PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA
SN 1042-7260
EI 1937-2825
J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED
JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 1
BP 275
EP 279
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA DI0TU
UT WOS:000373211000031
PM 27010287
ER
PT J
AU Wu, ZY
Yang, WS
Shi, SB
Ishii, M
AF Wu, Zeyun
Yang, Won Sik
Shi, Shanbin
Ishii, Mamoru
TI A Core Design Study for a Small Modular Boiling Water Reactor with
Long-Life Core
SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Boiling water reactor; long-life core; small modular reactor
AB This paper presents the core design and performance characteristics of the Novel Modular Reactor (NMR-50), a 50-MW(electric) small modular reactor. NMR-50 is a boiling water reactor with natural-circulation cooling and two layers of passive safety systems that enable the reactor to withstand prolonged station blackout and loss of ultimate heat sink accidents. The main goal in the core design is to achieve a long-life core (similar to 10 years) without refueling for deployment in remote sites. Through assembly design studies with the CASMO-4 lattice code and coupled neutronics and thermal-hydraulic core analyses with the PARCS and RELAP5 codes, a preliminary NMR-50 core design has been developed to meet the 10-year cycle length with an average fuel enrichment of 4.75 wt% and a maximum enrichment of 5.0 wt%. The calculated fuel temperature coefficient and coolant void coefficient provide adequate negative reactivity feedbacks. The maximum fuel linear power density throughout the 10-year burn cycle is 18.7 kW/m, and the minimum critical power ratio is 2.07, both of which meet the selected design limits with significant margins. Preliminary safety analyses using the RELAP5 code show that the core will remain covered during the entire transient procedure of two design-basis loss-of-coolant accidents. These results indicate that the targeted 10-year cycle length is achievable while satisfying the operation and safety-related design criteria with sufficient margins.
C1 [Wu, Zeyun; Yang, Won Sik; Shi, Shanbin; Ishii, Mamoru] Purdue Univ, Sch Nucl Engn, 400 Cent Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Wu, Zeyun] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Wu, ZY (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Nucl Engn, 400 Cent Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; Wu, ZY (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yang494@purdue.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy's Nuclear Energy
University Programs (NEUP)
FX This research is being performed using funding received from the U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy's Nuclear Energy
University Programs (NEUP). The first author would also like to thank Y.
Xu from the Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences
at the University of Michigan for constantly providing assistance on
PARCS inputs.
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 6
PU AMER NUCLEAR SOC
PI LA GRANGE PK
PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60526 USA
SN 0029-5450
EI 1943-7471
J9 NUCL TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 193
IS 3
BP 364
EP 374
PG 11
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA DH9DP
UT WOS:000373096900002
ER
PT J
AU Sandberg, M
Knill, E
Kapit, E
Vissers, MR
Pappas, DP
AF Sandberg, Martin
Knill, Emanuel
Kapit, Eliot
Vissers, Michael R.
Pappas, David P.
TI Efficient quantum state transfer in an engineered chain of quantum bits
SO QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Quantum state transport; Spin chain; Superconducting qubits
ID SUPERCONDUCTING CIRCUITS; ERROR-DETECTION; COMMUNICATION; PROCESSOR
AB We present a method of performing quantum state transfer in a chain of superconducting quantum bits. Our protocol is based on engineering the energy levels of the qubits in the chain and tuning them all simultaneously with an external flux bias. The system is designed to allow sequential adiabatic state transfers, resulting in on-demand quantum state transfer from one end of the chain to the other. Numerical simulations of the master equation using realistic parameters for capacitive nearest-neighbor coupling, energy relaxation, and dephasing show that fast, high-fidelity state transfer should be feasible using this method.
C1 [Sandberg, Martin; Knill, Emanuel; Vissers, Michael R.; Pappas, David P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Sandberg, Martin] IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
[Kapit, Eliot] CUNY, Grad Ctr, Initiat Theoret Sci, New York, NY 10007 USA.
RP Pappas, DP (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM mosandbe@us.ibm.com; David.Pappas@NIST.gov
FU Laboratory for Physical Sciences, IARPA; Joint Quantum Institute
FX The authors would like to acknowledge support from the Laboratory for
Physical Sciences, IARPA, and the Joint Quantum Institute. This work is
property of the US Government and not subject to copyright.
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1570-0755
EI 1573-1332
J9 QUANTUM INF PROCESS
JI Quantum Inf. Process.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 15
IS 3
SI SI
BP 1213
EP 1224
DI 10.1007/s11128-015-1152-4
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA DH6BX
UT WOS:000372877100011
ER
EF