FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Stow, CA
AF Stow, Craig A.
TI The news from Saginaw Bay: Where the mussels are strong, the walleye are
good-looking, and all the phosphorus is above average
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID GREAT-LAKES; HURON
C1 NOAA Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Stow, CA (reprint author), NOAA Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM craig.stow@noaa.gov
OI Stow, Craig/0000-0001-6171-7855
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 1
EP 3
DI 10.1016/j.jglr:2014.04.006
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200001
ER
PT J
AU Stow, CA
Dyble, J
Kashian, DR
Johengen, TH
Winslow, KP
Peacor, SD
Francoeur, SN
Burtner, AM
Palladino, D
Morehead, N
Gossiaux, D
Cha, Y
Qian, SS
Miller, D
AF Stow, Craig A.
Dyble, Juli
Kashian, Donna R.
Johengen, Thomas H.
Winslow, Kimberly Peters
Peacor, Scott D.
Francoeur, Steven N.
Burtner, Ashley M.
Palladino, Danna
Morehead, Nancy
Gossiaux, Duane
Cha, YoonKyung
Qian, Song S.
Miller, Dianna
TI Phosphorus targets and eutrophication objectives in Saginaw Bay: A 35
year assessment
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE AOC; Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement; Eutrophication; Dreissenid
mussels
ID MUSSEL DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; LAKE-HURON; ZEBRA MUSSEL; GREAT-LAKES;
NITROGEN DYNAMICS; COLONIZATION; CHLOROPHYLL; COMMUNITY; ALGAE; RIVER
AB An aggregated view of total phosphorus and chlorophyll a in Saginaw Bay indicates that concentrations of both constituents declined approximately in concert with declining total phosphorus (P) loads stabilizing by the late 1980s. A more spatially focused view reveals that total phosphorus declines outside of the Saginaw River plume, accompanied by more subtle chlorophyll a decreases. In contrast, soluble reactive phosphorus and ammonia have recently declined throughout the bay, while nitrate has remained relatively stable. Concentration data from nearshore transects do not exhibit large differences from open-water sample sites. The 440 tonne P/year target phosphorus load established in the 1978 amendments to the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement has almost never been met, and total phosphorus concentrations regularly exceed the 15 mu g/L concentration objective proposed in documentation supporting the 1978 amendments. Seasonal patterns in both total phosphorus and chlorophyll a are more pronounced in the most recent data, with peaks occurring in September October. This apparently evolving seasonal pattern may result from seasonal changes in Saginaw River flow inputs, or seasonal variation in dreissenid mussel feeding and filtration rates. The adaptive management framework stipulated in the 2012 Great Lakes Water Quality Protocol should promote better monitoring of Saginaw Bay water quality into the future, with enhanced opportunities to better understand the factors that have maintained ongoing eutrophication symptoms. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Stow, Craig A.; Dyble, Juli; Morehead, Nancy; Gossiaux, Duane] NOAA Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Kashian, Donna R.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
[Johengen, Thomas H.; Burtner, Ashley M.; Palladino, Danna; Cha, YoonKyung] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Winslow, Kimberly Peters; Peacor, Scott D.; Miller, Dianna] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Francoeur, Steven N.] Eastern Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA.
[Qian, Song S.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
RP Stow, CA (reprint author), NOAA Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM craig.stow@noaa.gov
OI Stow, Craig/0000-0001-6171-7855; Morehead, Nancy/0000-0003-3859-3035
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored
Coastal Ocean Research; AgBioResearch of Michigan State University; NOM
GLERL boat crew and marine instrumentation laboratory; numerous summer
fellows; GLERL [1671]
FX This research was sponsored by a grant from the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research.
SDP acknowledges support from AgBioResearch of Michigan State
University. Sample collection was made possible by the NOM GLERL boat
crew and marine instrumentation laboratory and was supported by numerous
summer fellows. Lauren Fry produced the Saginaw Bay map. GLERL
contribution number 1671.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 4
EP 10
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.10.003
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200002
ER
PT J
AU He, CS
Zhang, LH
DeMarchi, C
Croley, TE
AF He, Chansheng
Zhang, Lanhui
DeMarchi, Carlo
Croley, Thomas E., II
TI Estimating point and non-point source nutrient loads in the Saginaw Bay
watersheds
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Nutrient loading; Nonpoint source pollution (NPS); Combined sewer
overflows (CSOs); Saginaw Bay Watersheds
ID GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; MODEL; INTEGRATION; RUNOFF
AB Databases of point sources including combined sewer overflows (CSOs) were acquired from the governmental agencies to map the occurrences and magnitude of the CSOs. Multiple databases of land use, topography, hydrography, soils, and agricultural statistics were used to estimate nonpoint source loading potential in the Saginaw Bay Basin, Michigan. Animal manure production was computed from tabulations of animals by 5-digit zip code area for the census years of 1987, 1992, 1997, and 2002. Fertilizer applications for both urban and agricultural land uses were calculated from county fertilizer estimates for the same periods. Results indicate that point sources from municipalities, industrial sectors and business entities contribute approximately 25% of the total phosphorus load to Saginaw Bay, with the remainder being accounted for by nonpoint source contributions. While the total amount of nutrients (N and P) from animal manure and fertilizer applications and atmospheric deposition declined in the Saginaw Bay Basin, fertilizer applications in non-farmland increased significantly. Estimation of nutrient loading potential at 5-digit zip code level reveals more detailed spatial variation and critical areas of nutrient loading than county level data for implementation of targeted water quality programs. (C) 2014 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [He, Chansheng] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geog, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
[He, Chansheng; Zhang, Lanhui] Lanzhou Univ, Key Lab West Chinas Environm Syst, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
[DeMarchi, Carlo] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Croley, Thomas E., II] Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP He, CS (reprint author), Western Michigan Univ, Dept Geog, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA.
EM he@wmich.edu
FU NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research [NA07NOS4780198]; U.S.
Geological Survey State Water Resources Research Institute Program
[2012MI203B]
FX Partial support is provided from the NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal
Ocean Research (NA07NOS4780198) and the U.S. Geological Survey State
Water Resources Research Institute Program (2012MI203B). We are grateful
to the editors and the anonymous reviewers for their constructive
comments and suggestions.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 11
EP 17
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2014.01.013
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200003
ER
PT J
AU Hawley, N
Redder, T
Beletsky, R
Verhamme, E
Beletsky, D
DePinto, JV
AF Hawley, Nathan
Redder, Todd
Beletsky, Raisa
Verhamme, Edward
Beletsky, Dmitry
DePinto, Joseph V.
TI Sediment resuspension in Saginaw Bay
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVE PREDICTION MODEL; LAKE-MICHIGAN; SETTLING VELOCITY; PARTICLES;
TRANSPORT; ERIE
AB An integrated hydrodynamic and sediment transport model was applied to Saginaw Bay for the ice-free portions of 2009 and 2010. Observations of surface waves and suspended sediment concentration made during the spring of both years were used to constrain the model and to validate the model output. The results show that sediment resuspension in both the inner and outer bay is due almost entirely to surface wave action, and that the bulk of the resuspension events occur during the fall of each year. Although the model accurately predicted the occurrence of resuspension events, it did not always accurately simulate the amount of material resuspended. Because resuspension mixes bottom sediment into the water column and makes it and associated nutrients available to the biota, the effects of sediment resuspension need to be accounted for in any water quality model of the bay. Better specification of both the surface waves and the initial specification of the bottom sediment would probably improve the performance of the model. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Hawley, Nathan] Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Redder, Todd; Verhamme, Edward; DePinto, Joseph V.] Limno Tech, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Beletsky, Raisa; Beletsky, Dmitry] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, CILER, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Hawley, N (reprint author), Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM Nathan.Hawley@noaa.gov
OI Beletsky, Dmitry/0000-0003-4532-0588
FU Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL); NOAA Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research; GLERL [1686]
FX This research was supported by funds from the Great Lakes Environmental
Research Laboratory (GLERL) and from the NOAA Center for Sponsored
Coastal Ocean Research. We thank the GLERL personnel in the Marine
Instrumentation Laboratory and the Vessel Operations Group for the
assistance and support during the field operations. This is GLERL
contribution # 1686.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 18
EP 27
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.11.010
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200004
ER
PT J
AU Francoeur, SN
Winslow, KP
Miller, D
Stow, CA
Cha, Y
Peacor, SD
AF Francoeur, Steven N.
Winslow, Kimberly Peters
Miller, Dianna
Stow, Craig A.
Cha, YoonKyung
Peacor, Scott D.
TI Spatial and temporal patterns of macroscopic benthic primary producers
in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Benthic algae; Charophytes; Macrophytes; Invasive species
ID MUSSEL DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; ZEBRA MUSSEL;
SUBMERGED MACROPHYTES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ALGAL COMMUNITY; CLADOPHORA;
ABUNDANCE; ERIE; COLONIZATION
AB We investigated spatial and temporal patterns in macroscopic benthic primary producer biomass, production, and composition in inner Saginaw Bay in 2009 and 2010. Charophytes and filamentous algae (FA) were relatively abundant, and vascular macrophytes were less common. The probability of benthic primary producer presence increased with the proportion of benthic substrate composed of rock. Most benthic primary producer biomass occurred at depths of 2-4 m, with very little biomass observed beyond 4 m deep. Charophyte and vascular macrophyte abundances displayed consistent patterns related to distance from the mouth of the Saginaw River. FA abundance also displayed such patterns, but they reversed between 2009 and 2010. Macrophytic benthic primary producer communities were generally dominated by charophytes. Three genera of vascular macrophytes, including Myriophyllum, were also observed. Filamentous algal communities were composed of a mixture of FA taxa. Ten FA genera were observed, including the red alga Compsopogon. Dominance of Compsopogon was related to low water clarity and low TP. Biomass-based benthic production estimates indicated that charophytes and FA strongly dominated macroscopic benthic production; production of vascular macrophytes was relatively low. The observed relationships of abundance and environmental conditions suggested regulation of benthic producer biomass by a shifting mosaic of substratum, nutrient, and light availabilities. The diverse nature of the benthic producer community could complicate understanding and management of excess benthic biomass and beach fouling in Saginaw Bay. (C) 2014 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Francoeur, Steven N.] Eastern Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA.
[Winslow, Kimberly Peters; Miller, Dianna; Peacor, Scott D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Stow, Craig A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Cha, YoonKyung] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosystems Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Francoeur, SN (reprint author), Eastern Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA.
EM esteve.francoeur@emich.edu
OI Stow, Craig/0000-0001-6171-7855
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center [1695];
AgBioResearch of Michigan State University
FX This research was sponsored by a grant from the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research.
GLERL contribution number 1695. We thank Juli Dyble, Gary Fahnenstiel,
Tom Johengen, Donna Kashian and R. Jan Stevenson for input into study
design, Dr. Larry "Harris" Taylor for diving instruction, Lois Wolfson
for the kind loan of a pontoon boat, and the Linwood Beach Marina for
their continual support, advice, and concern for our safety. Ashley
Burtner, Mary Bammer, Chris Henry, Holly Kernick, Ryan MacWilliams, Bill
Oeming, Isaac Standish, Rachel Teets, Erin Tessens, and Whitney Woelmer
assisted with field and laboratory tasks. SDP acknowledges support from
AgBioResearch of Michigan State University.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 53
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2014.01.011
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200007
ER
PT J
AU Tang, HJ
Vanderploeg, HA
Johengen, TH
Liebig, JR
AF Tang, Huijuan
Vanderploeg, Henry A.
Johengen, Thomas H.
Liebig, James R.
TI Quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) selective feeding of
phytoplankton in Saginaw Bay
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective feeding; Quagga mussels; Phytoplankton community; Saginaw Bay
ID ZEBRA MUSSEL; LAKE-HURON; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; GREAT-LAKES; NONTOXIC
CYANOBACTERIA; POLYMORPHA INVASION; NATURAL SESTON; CELL-VOLUME;
FILTRATION; ERIE
AB Experiments from May to December measuring selective grazing and egestion of different phytoplankton taxa in natural Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron) seston by shallow-water morph quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis rostriformis) showed that the mussels were highly selective filter feeders and that their net clearance rates on different species ranged widely, resulting in food consumption that was strongly driven by seasonal phytoplankton dynamics. Overall, net clearance rates by quagga mussels on the entire phytoplankton assemblage were similar to those observed for zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) during the 1990s. Phytoplankton taxon, rather than size, was more important to food selection since quagga mussels cleared similar sized but different species of algae at very different rates. In contrast to many studies with zebra mussels, larger-sized algae such as Dinobryon divergens, Aulacoseira italica, Fragilaria crotonensis, and Anabaena were cleared at high rates and rejected at lower rates than many smaller species within the same broad taxonomic group. We suspect that these differences between dreissenid species do not stem from species differences but methodological factors and phytoplankton composition of systems studied. Small-sized diatoms, green algae with thick cell walls (Scenedesmus and Oocystis), and colonial cyanobacteria with gelatinous sheaths (Aphanocapsa, Chroococcus, and Microcystis) were cleared at low rates and rejected in high proportion in pseudofeces or feces during all seasons. We describe the likely mechanisms of pre- and post-ingestive behavior that explain these differences, which relate to phytoplankton size, morphology, cell wall characteristics, and chemical composition. Changes in the Great Lakes phytoplankton communities are consistent with mussel grazing preferences. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Tang, Huijuan] South China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Vanderploeg, Henry A.; Liebig, James R.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Johengen, Thomas H.] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosystems Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Vanderploeg, HA (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM tanghj@scau.edu.cn; heray.vanderploeg@noaa.gov; tom.johengen@noaa.gov;
jim.liebig@noaa.gov
OI Liebig, James/0000-0002-0433-9066
FU Chinese Natural Science Foundation [30800145]; NOAA CSCOR Project
Managing Multiple Stressors in Saginaw Bay
FX We thank Ashley Burtner, Dana Palladino, and Joann Cavaletto for help in
carrying out the experiments. The comments by the reviewers were very
helpful for improving the presentation. This research was supported by
the Chinese Natural Science Foundation (No. 30800145) and NOAA CSCOR
Project Managing Multiple Stressors in Saginaw Bay. This is GLERL
Contribution No. 1689.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 83
EP 94
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.11.011
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200010
ER
PT J
AU Lavrentyev, PJ
Vanderploeg, HA
Franze, G
Chacin, DH
Liebig, JR
Johengen, TH
AF Lavrentyev, Peter J.
Vanderploeg, Henry A.
Franze, Gayantonia
Chacin, Dinorah H.
Liebig, James R.
Johengen, Thomas H.
TI Microzooplankton distribution, dynamics, and trophic interactions
relative to phytoplankton and quagga mussels in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Ciliates; Herbivory; Lake Huron; Dreissena; Quagga mussel; Microcystis
ID CYANOBACTERIUM MICROCYSTIS-AERUGINOSA; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA
COLONIZATION; LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; MICROBIAL FOOD-WEB;
ST-LAWRENCE-RIVER; ZEBRA MUSSEL; GRAZING IMPACT; PHYSIOLOGICAL
ENERGETICS; ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY; NITROGEN DYNAMICS
AB Invasive quagga mussels have recently replaced zebra mussels as the dominant filter-feeding bivalves in the Great Lakes. This study examined microzooplankton (i.e., grazers <200 mu m) and their trophic interactions with phytoplankton, bacteria, and bivalve mussels in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, following the zebra to quagga mussel shift. Microzooplankton distribution displayed strong spatial and temporal variability (1.73-28.5 mu g C/L) relative to phytoplankton distribution. Ciliates were the dominant component especially in the spring and early summer. Rotifers and dinoflagellates increased toward late summer/fall in the inner and outer parts of the bay, respectively. Microzooplankton grazing matched bacterial growth rates and removed ca. 30% of the phytoplankton standing stock in the <100 mu m size fraction per day. The greatest herbivory occurred at the site dominated by colonial cyanobacteria. Microzooplankton, which comprised <4% of the quagga mussels prey field (i.e. available prey), contributed 77% and 34% to the quagga carbon-based diet during Microcystis and diatom blooms, respectively. Feeding on microzooplankton could buffer mussels during lean periods, or supplement other consumed resources, particularly during noxious cyanobacterial blooms. The results of this study demonstrate that microzooplankton are a resilient and critical component of the Saginaw Bay ecosystem. (C) 2013 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lavrentyev, Peter J.; Franze, Gayantonia; Chacin, Dinorah H.] Univ Akron, Dept Biol, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Vanderploeg, Henry A.; Liebig, James R.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Johengen, Thomas H.] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Lavrentyev, PJ (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Biol, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM peter3@uakron.edu
OI Liebig, James/0000-0002-0433-9066
FU NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR) and NSF REU
program
FX This study was supported by NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean
Research (CSCOR) and NSF REU program. We thank Julianne Dyble, Joann
Cavaletto, and David Fans low (NOAA GLERL), Nicholas Sousaris (the
University of Akron), and Ashley Burtner and Danna Palladino (the
University of Michigan CILER) for logistical support and field and
laboratory assistance. The manuscript benefited from discussion and
criticisms provided by Mark McCarthy and two anonymous reviewers.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 95
EP 105
DI 10.1016/j.jgrl.2013.11.012
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200011
ER
PT J
AU Pothoven, SA
Hook, TO
AF Pothoven, Steven A.
Hoeoek, Tomas O.
TI Predatory demands of Bythotrephes and Leptodora in Saginaw Bay, Lake
Huron
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Zooplankton; Predator-prey; Consumption models; Lake Huron
ID CRUSTACEAN ZOOPLANKTON; NATIVE MACROINVERTEBRATES; INVERTEBRATE
PREDATOR; TROPHIC INTERACTIONS; SPECIES INVASION; NEUSIEDLER-SEE; YELLOW
PERCH; LONGIMANUS; MICHIGAN; CLADOCERAN
AB Predatory invertebrates can be a major factor in structuring zooplankton communities. We collected zooplankton and the predatory cladocerans Bythotrephes longimanus and Leptodora kindtii at 4 stations in inner Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron during May-October 2009 and April-November 2010. Production of zooplankton prey was estimated using temperature and biomass based empirical models. Population consumption rates of Bythotrephes and Leptodora were estimated using a combination of conversion efficiency, bioenergetics and experimental based models. Bythotrephes biomass peaked in July of 2009 and 2010, and in 2010, the biomass rebounded in the fall after a late summer decline. Leptodora biomass was generally lower than that of Bythotrephes except in June 2009 and August 2010. Zooplankton biomass, production and composition showed strong seasonal patterns, with biomass more than tripling between May and June each year, largely due to an increase in biomass of Daphnia in June. By contrast, total zooplankton biomass declined by over 70% between June and July owing to declines in Daphnia biomass. Population consumption by predatory cladocerans was a large percentage or even exceeded prey production during July and August in Saginaw Bay regardless of which consumption models were used. This short term (<2 months) but pronounced predation capacity of predatory cladocerans in Saginaw Bay was mainly due to consumption by Bythotrephes rather than Leptodora. Bythotrephes likely play an important role in food web function and should be accounted for when evaluating the flow of energy within the Laurentian Great Lakes systems. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Pothoven, Steven A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
[Hoeoek, Tomas O.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Pothoven, SA (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 1431 Beach St, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
EM steve.pothoven@noaa.gov; thook@purdue.edu
OI Pothoven, Steven/0000-0002-7992-5422
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored
Coastal Ocean Research; GLERL [1673]
FX We thank those who helped in the field and laboratory, especially C.
Roswell, B. Coggins, J. Militello, J. Comben, J. Cavaletto, A. Yagiela,
and J. Workman. Project funding was provided by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research.
This work is GLERL contribution 1673.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 106
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.07.005
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200012
ER
PT J
AU Sesterhenn, TM
Roswell, CR
Stein, SR
Klaver, P
Verhamme, E
Pothoven, SA
Hook, TO
AF Sesterhenn, Timothy M.
Roswell, Charles R.
Stein, Sarah R.
Klaver, Peter
Verhamme, Edward
Pothoven, Steven A.
Hoeoek, Tomas O.
TI Modeling the implications of multiple hatching sites for larval dynamics
in the resurgent Saginaw Bay walleye population
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Portfolio effect; Particle transport model; Bioenergetics; Larva;
Saginaw Bay; Walleye
ID STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM-VITREUM; WESTERN LAKE-ERIE; PERCH PERCA-FLAVESCENS;
SANDER-VITREUS; BIOENERGETICS MODEL; BIOPHYSICAL MODEL; WATER-QUALITY;
GREAT-LAKES; RECRUITMENT; MICHIGAN
AB The early life environment experienced by most larval fish is largely dependent on a combination of hatch site and water currents. Until larvae are able to swim fast enough to overcome currents, they are largely passively transported and have limited control over ambient environmental conditions, including temperature and prey availability. These factors strongly influence growth and survival of larvae, with direct consequences for subsequent recruitment. Early life survival of Saginaw Bay walleye was formerly limited by alewife predation on larvae; but following the collapse of Lake Huron alewives, the walleye population has rebounded and recruitment success may now be influenced by other factors including spawning habitat. We sought to assess the implications of successful hatching at multiple locations in Saginaw Bay, using a hydrodynamics model, particle transport model, and an individual-based bioenergetics model in series. Model results were compared to locations of young larvae collected in Saginaw Bay during 2009-2010. Results suggest that larval growth is strongly influenced by hatch date, driven by seasonal variation in temperature between sites. Larvae hatched at any location could be transported extensively within inner Saginaw Bay before reaching a sufficient size to swim independently of currents, and retention within the productive inner bay varied among years and sites. Our results indicate multiple larval walleye origins in the field, augmenting the continued production from the Saginaw River system. Successful hatching at more locations would serve to buffer walleye recruitment variation through portfolio effects, supporting arguments for more emphasis on diverse spawning habitat management and restoration. (C) 2013 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sesterhenn, Timothy M.; Roswell, Charles R.; Stein, Sarah R.; Hoeoek, Tomas O.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Klaver, Peter; Verhamme, Edward] LimnoTech, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Pothoven, Steven A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
RP Sesterhenn, TM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 195 Marstellar St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM tmsesterhenn@gmail.com; croswell@illinois.edu; steins@purdue.edu;
pklaver@limno.com; everhamme@limno.com; steve.pothoven@noaa.gov;
thook@purdue.edu
OI Pothoven, Steven/0000-0002-7992-5422
FU National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration's Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research; GLERL [1687]
FX We would like to thank Courtney Blouzdis, Beth Coggins, Carolyn Foley,
and Jared Militello for the assistance in the field and laboratory, as
well as Jack Workman and other members of the NOAA boat crews. We also
acknowledge the helpful suggestions of two anonymous reviewers who
helped to improve this manuscript. This work is part of the Saginaw Bay
Multiple Stressors project funded by the National Oceanographic and
Atmospheric Administration's Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean
Research. This is GLERL contribution #1687.
NR 57
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 113
EP 122
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.09.022
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200013
ER
PT J
AU Roswell, CR
Pothoven, SA
Hook, TO
AF Roswell, Charles R.
Pothoven, Steven A.
Hoeoek, Tomas O.
TI Patterns of age-0 yellow perch growth, diets, and mortality in Saginaw
Bay, Lake Huron
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Saginaw Bay; Age-0; Yellow perch; Growth; Diets; Size-selective
mortality
ID SIZE-SELECTIVE MORTALITY; EARLY-LIFE-HISTORY; ONEIDA-LAKE; NEW-YORK;
LARGEMOUTH BASS; WHITE PERCH; BODY-SIZE; OVERWINTER MORTALITY; DEPENDENT
PREDATION; WINTER MORTALITY
AB Identifying mechanisms influencing early-life survival may elucidate recruitment variability of fish populations. Yellow perch (Perca flavescens), are economically and ecologically important in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, but have recently experienced low recruitment despite strong production of age-0 fish. Recent year classes have been characterized by slow first-year growth, as indexed by fall size of age-0 yellow perch; however, seasonal growth patterns and accompanying diet and survivorship patterns have not been documented for age-0 yellow perch in Saginaw Bay. To this end, we collected age-0 yellow perch weekly (larvae) and monthly (juveniles) throughout the first year of life during 2009 and 2010 to track changes in growth and diet composition. We also evaluated predation and over-winter energy-loss as potential mechanisms of size-selective mortality. Yellow perch growth, energy accumulation and size-specific condition decreased during late summer and fall. During larval and juvenile stages, predominant components of yellow perch diets transitioned from copepods to Daphnia and other zooplanlkton; however, we observed only weak ontogenetic shifts toward benthic prey. Smaller yellow perch a) were preferentially preyed upon by walleye (the bay's main piscivore) and b) displayed lower mass-specific energy content, potentially increasing overwinter starvation risk, suggesting that slow growth increases mortality risk. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that recruitment dynamics are influenced by an interplay of size-selective mortality and diet-induced reductions in growth. (C) 2014 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Roswell, Charles R.; Hoeoek, Tomas O.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Pothoven, Steven A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
[Hoeoek, Tomas O.] Purdue Univ, Illinois Indiana Sea Grant, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Hook, TO (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 195 Marsteller St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM thook@purdue.edu
OI Pothoven, Steven/0000-0002-7992-5422
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research; NOAA-GLERL [1697]
FX We thank the following individuals for assistance with field collections
and laboratory analyses: J. Cavaletto, B. Coggins, C. Foley, S. Lyttle,
J. Militello, A. Roswell, and A. Spikes, J. Workman, and many
undergraduate laboratory assistants. Comments from two anonymous
reviewers helped improve this manuscript. This study was funded by the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research. This is NOAA-GLERL contribution 1697.
NR 71
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 57
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 123
EP 132
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2014.01.008
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200014
ER
PT J
AU Pothoven, SA
Hook, TO
Roswell, CR
AF Pothoven, Steven A.
Hoeoek, Tomas O.
Roswell, Charles R.
TI Energy content of young yellow perch and walleye in Saginaw Bay
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Allometry; Lake Huron; Energy allocation; Seasonality; Winter survival
ID WINTER MORTALITY; FISH; POPULATION; ALLOMETRY; MICHIGAN; STORAGE;
GROWTH; HURON; LAKE
AB We evaluated seasonal energy content of age-0 yellow perch Perca flavescens and walleye Sander vitreus in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron in 2009 and 2010. We also determined the energy content of age-1 fish from the 2009 and 2010 cohorts the following spring (i.e., for fish that had survived one winter) to evaluate overwinter energy losses. As expected, larger fish within each species had disproportionately higher energy content (i.e., slope relating length and energy >3.0) than smaller conspecifics. By contrast to expectations, allometric slopes were >3.0 in nearly all months, not just the fall, and were higher for age-0 yellow perch than for walleye, even though increased allocation to growth would have seemingly been beneficial to even the largest yellow perch during summer. Seasonal energy allocation patterns differed between years. In 2009, length specific energy content increased from late summer to fall for both species. However, for the 2010 cohorts of fish, length specific energy content decreased between late summer and fall for yellow perch and did not change for walleye. There were 13-17% overwinter declines in length specific energy content between the fall (October or November) and the spring (May) with no major differences between cohorts within a species or between species for a given year. Because young yellow perch and walleye are similar physiologically but differ in size (i.e., yellow perch are smaller), it is possible that overwinter energy losses are more important for yellow perch than for walleye. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great lakes Research.
C1 [Pothoven, Steven A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
[Hoeoek, Tomas O.; Roswell, Charles R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Pothoven, SA (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 1431 Beach St, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
EM steve.pothoven@noaa.gov; thook@purdue.edu; croswell@illinois.edu
OI Pothoven, Steven/0000-0002-7992-5422
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored
Coastal Ocean Research; GLERL [1690]
FX We thank those who helped in the field and laboratory, especially B.
Coggins, J. Militello, A. Roswell, J. Comben, J. Cavaletto, J. Elliott,
A. Zantello, A. Yagiela, and J. Workman. Project funding provided by
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored
Coastal Ocean Research. GLERL contribution 1690.
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 133
EP 138
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.10.002
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200015
ER
PT J
AU Pothoven, SA
Hook, TO
Roswell, CR
AF Pothoven, Steven A.
Hoeoek, Tomas O.
Roswell, Charles R.
TI Feeding ecology of age-0 lake whitefish in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Ontogeny; Coregonus clupeaformis; Zooplanktivory; Larval fish
ID COREGONUS-CLUPEAFORMIS; YELLOW PERCH; ZOOPLANKTON; MICHIGAN; GROWTH;
SIZE; ABUNDANCE; RECRUITMENT; ONTARIO; FISH
AB Age-0 lake whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis (11-160 mm total length) were collected from Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron during April-November 2009 and 2010 for diet analysis and for the evaluation of ontogenetic changes in feeding ecology. Lake whitefish <= 50 mm ate mainly zooplankton, after which their diets switched mainly to benthic macroinvertebrates. Cyclopoida were the dominant prey consumed by very small lake whitefish (<17 mm) and the most frequently selected zooplankton type for individual small fish. Once lake whitefish reached 18-19 mm, Cyclopoida in the diet declined and cladocerans emerged as an important diet item. Daphnia were the most common cladoceran in the diets, but for fish 31-50 mm Bosminidae were also relatively important. Although the shift to Daphnia could represent an ontogenetic point when lake whitefish were large enough to effectively handle this prey, it also took place when the relative availability of Daphnia increased. Once lake whitefish were >50 mm, Chironomidae larvae became a dominant prey item and this shift to benthivory coincided with a 55% increase in length-adjusted energy content between June and July. However, as fish grew (around 110-120 mm), Sphaeriidae and the benthic zooplankton Chydoridae became increasingly important in the diet. As these less energetically rich prey were incorporated into the diet, there were corresponding 21 and 15% decreases in length-adjusted energy content from July to August and September, respectively. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Pothoven, Steven A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
[Hoeoek, Tomas O.; Roswell, Charles R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Pothoven, SA (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 1431 Beach St, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
EM steve.pothoven@noaa.gov; thook@purdue.edu; croswell@illinois.edu
OI Pothoven, Steven/0000-0002-7992-5422
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center
FX We thank those who helped in the field and laboratory, especially B.
Coggins, J. Militello, J. Elliott, J. Comben, J. Cavaletto, C. Shoultz,
C. Blouzdis, C. Foley, A. Yagiela, and J. Workman. Project funding was
provided in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research. GLERL contribution 1675.
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 40
SU 1
SI SI
BP 148
EP 155
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2013.09.016
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AI1TH
UT WOS:000336637200017
ER
PT J
AU Nyadjro, ES
Subrahmanyam, B
AF Nyadjro, Ebenezer S.
Subrahmanyam, Bulusu
TI SMOS Mission Reveals the Salinity Structure of the Indian Ocean Dipole
SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Indian ocean; IOD; ocean salinity; salt budget; SMOS
ID SEA-SURFACE SALINITY; LAYER SALINITY; PACIFIC-OCEAN; VARIABILITY;
CIRCULATION
AB This letter reports the European Space Agency's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) observations of the sea surface salinity (SSS) structure during an Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) event. Comparisons with Argo data show that the SMOS satellite is able to resolve the observed SSS pattern in the Indian Ocean despite some challenges in the northern Indian Ocean. Results of box averages for the Java Sumatra Coast (JSC) and South Central Indian Ocean (SCIO) regions show low SSS anomalies in the former and high SSS anomalies in the latter during the 2010 negative IOD event. Analyses of salt flux and salt budget terms suggest that, in the JSC region, salt tendency is an interplay between freshwater forcing and horizontal advection terms, with increased precipitation having a higher impact in driving SSS anomalies than advection. In the SCIO region, advection seems to be more important than the freshwater forcing term.
C1 [Nyadjro, Ebenezer S.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Subrahmanyam, Bulusu] Univ S Carolina, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Subrahmanyam, Bulusu] Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Nyadjro, ES (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-12-1-0454]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research under Award
N00014-12-1-0454 awarded to B. Subrahmanyam. This work was performed in
part while Ebenezer Sackitey Nyadjro held a National Research Council
Research Associateship award at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory.
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 38
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1545-598X
EI 1558-0571
J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S
JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 11
IS 9
BP 1564
EP 1568
DI 10.1109/LGRS.2014.2301594
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA AD2ZG
UT WOS:000333105400023
ER
PT J
AU Dwyer, KJ
Pomeroy, JM
Simons, DS
Steffens, KL
Lau, JW
AF Dwyer, K. J.
Pomeroy, J. M.
Simons, D. S.
Steffens, K. L.
Lau, J. W.
TI Enriching Si-28 beyond 99.9998% for semiconductor quantum computing
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE quantum computing; enriched silicon; ion beam deposition
ID ATOMIC-SCALE; SPIN QUBITS; SILICON; GERMANIUM; KILOGRAM; READOUT;
STORAGE; SILANE; GROWTH
AB Using a laboratory-scale apparatus, we enrich Si-28 and produce material with 40 times less residual Si-29 than previously reported. Starting from natural abundance silane gas, we offer an alternative to industrial gas centrifuges for providing materials critical for long spin coherence times in quantum information devices. Using a mass spectrometry approach, silicon ions are produced from commercial silane gas and the isotopes are separated in a magnetic sector analyzer before deposition onto a Si(1 0 0) substrate. Isotope fractions for Si-29 and Si-30 of < 1 x 10(-6) are found in the deposited films using secondary ion mass spectrometry. Additional assessments of the deposited films are also presented as we work to develop substrates and source material to support the growing silicon quantum computing community. Finally, we demonstrate modulation of the Si-29 concentration in a deposited film as a precursor to dual enrichment of heterostructures and compound materials such as (SiGe)-Si-28-Ge-74.
C1 [Dwyer, K. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Dwyer, K. J.; Pomeroy, J. M.; Simons, D. S.; Steffens, K. L.; Lau, J. W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dwyer, KJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM kevin.dwyer@nist.gov
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 32
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
EI 1361-6463
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 30
PY 2014
VL 47
IS 34
AR 345105
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/47/34/345105
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AM9YI
UT WOS:000340236700011
ER
PT J
AU Killgore, JP
Tung, RC
Hurley, DC
AF Killgore, Jason P.
Tung, Ryan C.
Hurley, Donna C.
TI Characterizing the free and surface-coupled vibrations of heated-tip
atomic force microscope cantilevers
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic force microscopy; contact resonance; microheater
ID ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE; CRYSTALLIZATION; TRANSITION; POLYMERS;
AFM
AB Combining heated-tip atomic force microscopy (HT-AFM) with quantitative methods for determining surface mechanical properties, such as contact resonance force microscopy, creates an avenue for nanoscale thermomechanical property characterization. For nanomechanical methods that employ an atomic force microscope cantilever's vibrational modes, it is essential to understand how the vibrations of the U-shaped HT-AFM cantilever differ from those of a more traditional rectangular lever, for which analytical techniques are better developed. Here we show, with a combination of finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments, that the HT-AFM cantilever exhibits many more readily-excited vibrational modes over typical AFM frequencies compared to a rectangular cantilever. The arms of U-shaped HT-AFM cantilevers exhibit two distinct forms of flexural vibrations that differ depending on whether the two arms are vibrating in-phase or out-of-phase with one another. The in-phase vibrations are qualitatively similar to flexural vibrations in rectangular cantilevers and generally show larger sensitivity to surface stiffness changes than the out-of-phase vibrations. Vibration types can be identified from their frequency and by considering vibration amplitudes in the horizontal and vertical channels of the AFM at different laser spot positions on the cantilever. For identifying contact resonance vibrational modes, we also consider the sensitivity of the resonant frequencies to a change in applied force and hence to tip-sample contact stiffness. Finally, we assess how existing analytical models can be used to accurately predict contact stiffness from contact-resonance HT-AFM results. A simple two-parameter Euler-Bernoulli beam model provided good agreement with FEA for in-phase modes up to a contact stiffness 500 times the cantilever spring constant. By providing insight into cantilever vibrations and exploring the potential of current analysis techniques, our results lay the groundwork for future use of HT-AFM cantilevers for accurate nanomechanical property measurements.
C1 [Killgore, Jason P.; Tung, Ryan C.; Hurley, Donna C.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Killgore, JP (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM killgore@nist.gov
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 29
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0957-4484
EI 1361-6528
J9 NANOTECHNOLOGY
JI Nanotechnology
PD AUG 29
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 34
AR 345701
DI 10.1088/0957-4484/25/34/345701
PG 12
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA AP1DR
UT WOS:000341807100015
PM 25098183
ER
PT J
AU Maragh, S
Miller, RA
Bessling, SL
Wang, GL
Hook, PW
McCallion, AS
AF Maragh, Samantha
Miller, Ronald A.
Bessling, Seneca L.
Wang, Guangliang
Hook, Paul W.
McCallion, Andrew S.
TI Rbm24a and Rbm24b Are Required for Normal Somitogenesis
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID PRE-MESSENGER-RNA; ALAGILLE-SYNDROME; SEGMENTATION CLOCK; ZEBRAFISH
SOMITOGENESIS; VERTEBRATE SEGMENTATION; SOMITE SEGMENTATION; SPLICING
REGULATOR; ZYGOTIC TRANSITION; RECOGNITION MOTIF; GENE-EXPRESSION
AB We recently demonstrated that the gene encoding the RNA binding motif protein 24 (RBM24) is expressed during mouse cardiogenesis, and determined the developmental requirement for its zebrafish homologs Rbm24a and Rbm24b during cardiac development. We demonstrate here that both Rbm24a and Rbm24b are also required for normal somite and craniofacial development. Diminution of rbm24a or rbm24b gene products by morpholino knockdown resulted in significant disruption of somite formation. Detailed in situ hybridization-based analyses of a spectrum of somitogenesis-associated transcripts revealed reduced expression of the cyclic muscle pattering genes dlc and dld encoding Notch ligands, as well as their respective target genes her7, her1. By contrast expression of the Notch receptors notch1a and notch3 appears unchanged. Some RBM-family members have been implicated in pre-mRNA processing. Analysis of affected Notch-pathway mRNAs in rbm24a and rbm24b morpholino-injected embryos revealed aberrant transcript fragments of dlc and dld, but not her1 or her7, suggesting the reduction in transcription levels of Notch pathway components may result from aberrant processing of its ligands. These data imply a previously unknown requirement for Rbm24a and Rbm24b in somite and craniofacial development. Although we anticipate the influence of disrupting RBM24 homologs likely extends beyond the Notch pathway, our results suggest their perturbation may directly, or indirectly, compromise post-transcriptional processing, exemplified by imprecise processing of dlc and dld.
C1 [Maragh, Samantha] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Maragh, Samantha; Miller, Ronald A.; Bessling, Seneca L.; Wang, Guangliang; Hook, Paul W.; McCallion, Andrew S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, McKusick Nathans Inst Genet Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[McCallion, Andrew S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol & Comparat Pathobiol, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP McCallion, AS (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, McKusick Nathans Inst Genet Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM amccall2@jhmi.edu
FU Leducq Foundation [114254]; NIH/NHLBI [R01HL111267]; NIH [DK080730,
DK090816]; National Institute of Standards and Technology
FX This study was supported by the following grants: Leducq Foundation
Award # 114254, NIH/NHLBI R01HL111267, NIH DK080730, and NIH DK090816.
Author Samantha Maragh is supported by funds from National Institute of
Standards and Technology. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 79
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 7
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 29
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 8
AR e105460
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0105460
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AO2EE
UT WOS:000341127500050
PM 25170925
ER
PT J
AU Miller, MW
Lohr, KE
Cameron, CM
Williams, DE
Peters, EC
AF Miller, Margaret W.
Lohr, Kathryn E.
Cameron, Caitlin M.
Williams, Dana E.
Peters, Esther C.
TI Disease dynamics and potential mitigation among restored and wild
staghorn coral, Acropora cervicornis
SO PEERJ
LA English
DT Article
DE Recovery; Histopathology; Florida Keys; Tropical storm; Incidence;
Restoration
ID WHITE-BAND DISEASE; CARIBBEAN SCLERACTINIAN CORALS; REEF CORALS;
RESTORATION; OUTBREAK; FLORIDA; TRANSLOCATIONS; TRANSMISSION;
CONSERVATION; POPULATIONS
AB The threatened status (both ecologically and legally) of Caribbean staghorn coral, Acropora cervicornis, has prompted rapidly expanding efforts in culture and restocking, although tissue loss diseases continue to affect populations. In this study, disease surveillance and histopathological characterization were used to compare disease dynamics and conditions in both restored and extant wild populations. Disease had devastating effects on both wild and restored populations, but dynamics were highly variable and appeared to be site-specific with no significant differences in disease prevalence between wild versus restored sites. A subset of 20 haphazardly selected colonies at each site observed over a four-month period revealed widely varying disease incidence, although not between restored and wild sites, and a case fatality rate of 8%. A tropical storm was the only discernable environmental trigger associated with a consistent spike in incidence across all sites. Lastly, two field mitigation techniques, (1) excision of apparently healthy branch tips froma diseased colony, and (2) placement of a band of epoxy fully enclosing the diseased margin, gave equivocal results with no significant benefit detected for either treatment compared to controls. Tissue condition of associated samples was fair to very poor; unsuccessful mitigation treatment samples had severe degeneration of mesenterial filament cnidoglandular bands. Polyp mucocytes in all samples were infected with suspect rickettsia-like organisms; however, no bacterial aggregates were found. No histological differences were found between disease lesions with gross signs fitting literature descriptions of white-band disease (WBD) and rapid tissue loss (RTL). Overall, our results do not support differing disease quality, quantity, dynamics, nor health management strategies between restored and wild colonies of A. cervicornis in the Florida Keys.
C1 [Miller, Margaret W.; Cameron, Caitlin M.; Williams, Dana E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
[Lohr, Kathryn E.; Cameron, Caitlin M.; Williams, Dana E.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Peters, Esther C.] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Miller, MW (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
EM margaret.w.miller@noaa.gov
OI Lohr, Kathryn/0000-0002-3580-3431
FU UNCW/Aquarius Reef Base program
FX This study was made possible by support from UNCW/Aquarius Reef Base
program. The work would not have been possible without the invaluable
collaboration and support of K Nedimyer (Coral Restoration Foundation)
for which we are truly honored and grateful. Additional assistance in
the field from O Rutten, T Roberts, A Bright, and C Kiel is greatly
appreciated. S Kang, P Pansoy, and W Norfolk provided support in the
George Mason University Histology Laboratory.
NR 68
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 21
PU PEERJ INC
PI LONDON
PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND
SN 2167-8359
J9 PEERJ
JI PeerJ
PD AUG 28
PY 2014
VL 2
DI 10.7717/peerj.541
PG 30
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AY5NL
UT WOS:000347619100003
PM 25210660
ER
PT J
AU Caplan-Auerbach, J
Dziak, RP
Bohnenstiehl, DR
Chadwick, WW
Lau, TK
AF Caplan-Auerbach, J.
Dziak, R. P.
Bohnenstiehl, D. R.
Chadwick, W. W.
Lau, T. -K.
TI Hydroacoustic investigation of submarine landslides at West Mata
volcano, Lau Basin
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE West Mata; hydroacoustic; landslide
ID CANARY-ISLANDS; SEISMIC-WAVES; COLLAPSE; ERUPTION; GROWTH
AB Submarine landslides are an important process in volcano growth yet are rarely observed and poorly understood. We show that landslides occur frequently in association with the eruption of West Mata volcano in the NE Lau Basin. These events are identifiable in hydroacoustic data recorded between similar to 5 and 20km from the volcano and may be recognized in spectrograms by the weak and strong powers at specific frequencies generated by multipathing of sound waves. The summation of direct and surface-reflected arrivals causes interference patterns in the spectrum that change with time as the landslide propagates. Observed frequencies are consistent with propagation down the volcano's north flank in an area known to have experienced mass wasting in the past. These data allow us to estimate the distance traveled by West Mata landslides and show that they travel at average speeds of similar to 10-25m/s.
C1 [Caplan-Auerbach, J.] Western Washington Univ, Geol Dept, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
[Dziak, R. P.; Chadwick, W. W.; Lau, T. -K.] Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Dziak, R. P.; Chadwick, W. W.; Lau, T. -K.] NOAA, PMEL, Newport, OR USA.
[Bohnenstiehl, D. R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Caplan-Auerbach, J (reprint author), Western Washington Univ, Geol Dept, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
EM jackie@geol.wwu.edu
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 16
BP 5927
EP 5934
DI 10.1002/2014GL060964
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AQ4HT
UT WOS:000342755400032
ER
PT J
AU Schroeder, ID
Santora, JA
Moore, AM
Edwards, CA
Fiechter, J
Hazen, EL
Bograd, SJ
Field, JC
Wells, BK
AF Schroeder, Isaac D.
Santora, Jarrod A.
Moore, Andrew M.
Edwards, Christopher A.
Fiechter, Jerome
Hazen, Elliott L.
Bograd, Steven J.
Field, John C.
Wells, Brian K.
TI Application of a data-assimilative regional ocean modeling system for
assessing California Current System ocean conditions, krill, and
juvenile rockfish interannual variability
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Gulf of the Farallones; forage; ROMS; preconditioning; ecosystem
oceanography
ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; TOP PREDATORS; SEBASTES; WIND; PRODUCTIVITY;
PERFORMANCE; MONTEREY; ROMS
AB To be robust and informative, marine ecosystem models and assessments require parameterized biophysical relationships that rely on realistic water column characteristics at appropriate spatial and temporal scales. We examine how hydrographic properties off California from 1990 through 2010 during late winter and spring correspond to krill and juvenile rockfish (Sebastes spp.) abundances. We evaluated coherence among temperature, salinity, depth of 26.0 potential density isopycnal, and stratification strength at regionally and monthly time scales derived from shipboard and mooring observations, and a data-assimilative Regional Ocean Model System reanalysis. The reanalysis captures spatiotemporal physical variability of coastal ocean conditions in winter and spring months and elucidates mechanisms connecting the spatial and temporal upwelling and transport dynamics on observed krill and rockfish abundances in spring. This provides evidence for a mechanistic connection between the phenology of upwelling in the California Current System and seasonal development of the shelf ecosystem.
C1 [Schroeder, Isaac D.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Div Phys & Biol Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Schroeder, Isaac D.; Hazen, Elliott L.; Bograd, Steven J.] NOAA Fisheries, Environm Res Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pacific Grove, CA USA.
[Santora, Jarrod A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Santora, Jarrod A.; Field, John C.; Wells, Brian K.] NOAA Fisheries, Fisheries Ecol Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Moore, Andrew M.; Edwards, Christopher A.; Fiechter, Jerome] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Schroeder, ID (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Div Phys & Biol Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM isaac.schroeder@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Integrated Ecosystem Assessment; National Science Foundation [OCE
1061434]
FX Funding was provided by NOAA Integrated Ecosystem Assessment. B.
Marinovic provided krill data from RREAS. MBARI provided M2 data. ROMS
data assimilation analyses were supported by the National Science
Foundation (OCE 1061434). We thank R. Brodeur, N. Mantua, and N.
Garfield for comments and discussion.
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 16
BP 5942
EP 5950
DI 10.1002/2014GL061045
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AQ4HT
UT WOS:000342755400034
ER
PT J
AU Mansour, AN
Wong-Ng, W
Huang, Q
Tang, W
Thompson, A
Sharp, J
AF Mansour, A. N.
Wong-Ng, W.
Huang, Q.
Tang, W.
Thompson, A.
Sharp, J.
TI Structural characterization of Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 as a function of
temperature using neutron powder diffraction and extended X-ray
absorption fine structure techniques
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOELECTRIC-MATERIALS; BISMUTH TELLURIDE; STRUCTURE SPECTRA;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; OPTIMIZATION; AMPLITUDE; IFEFFIT; ALLOYS; MERIT;
FILMS
AB The structure of Bi2Te3 (Seebeck coefficient Standard Reference Material (SRM (TM) 3451)) and the related phase Sb2Te3 have been characterized as a function of temperature using the neutron powder diffraction (NPD) and the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) techniques. The neutron structural studies were carried out from 20K to 300K for Bi2Te3 and from 10K to 298K for Sb2Te3. The EXAFS technique for studying the local structure of the two compounds was conducted from 19K to 298 K. Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 are isostructural, with a space group of R (3) over barm. The structure consists of repeated quintuple layers of atoms, Te2-M-Te1-M-Te2 (where M = Bi or Sb) stacking along the c-axis of the unit cell. EXAFS was used to examine the bond distances and static and thermal disorders for the first three shells of Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 as a function of temperature. The temperature dependencies of thermal disorders were analyzed using the Debye and Einstein models for lattice vibrations. The Debye and Einstein temperatures for the first two shells of Bi2Te3 are similar to those of Sb2Te3 within the uncertainty in the data. However, the Debye and Einstein temperatures for the third shell of Bi-Bi are significantly lower than those of the third shell of Sb-Sb. The Einstein temperature for the third shell is consistent with a soft phonon mode in both Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3. The lower Einstein temperature of Bi-Bi relative to Sb-Sb is consistent with the lower value of thermal conductivity of Bi2Te3 relative to Sb2Te3.
C1 [Mansour, A. N.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
[Wong-Ng, W.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Huang, Q.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tang, W.] Zhejiang Sci Tech Univ, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Thompson, A.; Sharp, J.] Marlow Ind Inc, Marlow, TX 75238 USA.
RP Mansour, AN (reprint author), Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
FU Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center's In-house
Laboratory Independent Research Program under ONR's Program Element
[0601152N]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX A.N.M. acknowledges financial support by the Carderock Division of the
Naval Surface Warfare Center's In-house Laboratory Independent Research
Program administered under ONR's Program Element 0601152N. The XAS
experiments were conducted at the National Synchrotron Light Source of
Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract
No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 44
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 28
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 8
AR 083513
DI 10.1063/1.4892441
PG 14
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AQ5CP
UT WOS:000342821600022
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, CJ
Deng, L
Hagley, EW
Ge, ML
AF Zhu, C. J.
Deng, L.
Hagley, E. W.
Ge, Mo-Lin
TI Dynamic Ultraslow Optical-Matter Wave Analog of an Event Horizon
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK-HOLE EVAPORATION; HAWKING RADIATION; SONIC ANALOG; LIGHT
AB We investigate theoretically the effects of a dynamically increasing medium index on optical-wave propagation in a rubidium condensate. A long pulsed pump laser coupling a D2 line transition produces a rapidly growing internally generated field. This results in a significant optical self-focusing effect and creates a dynamically growing medium index anomaly that propagates ultraslowly with the internally generated field. When a fast probe pulse injected after a delay catches up with the dynamically increasing index anomaly, it is forced to slow down and is prohibited from crossing the anomaly, thereby realizing an ultraslow optical-matter wave analog of a dynamic white-hole event horizon.
C1 [Zhu, C. J.; Deng, L.; Hagley, E. W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhu, C. J.] Tongji Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
[Ge, Mo-Lin] Nankai Univ, Chern Inst Math, Theoret Phys Div, Tianjin 300071, Peoples R China.
RP Zhu, CJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 21
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 28
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 9
AR 090405
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.090405
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AO4FX
UT WOS:000341292800003
PM 25215967
ER
PT J
AU Karabiyik, U
Mao, M
Satija, SK
Esker, AR
AF Karabiyik, Ufuk
Mao, Min
Satija, Sushil K.
Esker, Alan R.
TI Determination of thicknesses and refractive indices of polymer thin
films by multiple incident media ellipsometry
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Refractive indices; Film thickness; Optical properties; Ellipsometry;
Polymer; Thin films
ID X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; NEUTRON REFLECTOMETRY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PHASE
DETERMINATION; SURROUNDING MEDIA; ULTRATHIN FILMS; DYNAMICS; SURFACE;
INTERFACE; ORDER
AB Single wavelength ellipsometry measurements at Brewster's angle and in multiple incident media provide a powerful technique for characterizing ultrathin (<20-30 nm) polymer films. Only one ellipsometric parameter (i.e. amplitude ratio) is obtained at Brewster's angle since phase shift is 90 degrees. By conducting the experiments in different ambient media, simultaneous determinations of a film's thickness and refractive index for ultrathin polymer films are possible at Brewster's angle. Poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (PtBA) Langmuir-Blodgett films serve as a model system for the simultaneous determination of thickness and refractive index (1.45 +/- 0.01 at 632 nm). Thickness measurements on films of variable thickness agree with X-ray reflectivity results +/- 0.8 nm. The method is also applicable to spincoated films where refractive indices of PtBA, polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) are found to agree with literature values within experimental error. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Karabiyik, Ufuk; Mao, Min; Esker, Alan R.] Virginia Tech, Dept Chem 0212, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Satija, Sushil K.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Karabiyik, U (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Chem 0212, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM ukarabiyik@arglobal.com; mmao@vt.edu; sushil.satija@nist.gov;
aesker@vt.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CHE-0239633]; Virginia Tech Aspires Program
FX The authors would like to thank the National Science Foundation
(CHE-0239633) and Virginia Tech Aspires Program for financial support.
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD AUG 28
PY 2014
VL 565
BP 72
EP 78
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.06.050
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AO1EJ
UT WOS:000341054600012
ER
PT J
AU Miyatsu, S
Kofu, M
Nagoe, A
Yamada, T
Sadakiyo, M
Yamada, T
Kitagawa, H
Tyagi, M
Sakai, VG
Yamamuro, O
AF Miyatsu, Satoshi
Kofu, Maiko
Nagoe, Atsushi
Yamada, Takeshi
Sadakiyo, Masaaki
Yamada, Teppei
Kitagawa, Hiroshi
Tyagi, Madhusudan
Sakai, Victoria Garcia
Yamamuro, Osamu
TI Proton dynamics of two-dimensional oxalate-bridged coordination polymers
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; NANOPOROUS COPPER RUBEANATE; ELASTIC
NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CONDUCTIVITY; SPECTROMETER; MECHANISM; CONSTRUCTION;
CONDUCTORS; MOLECULES; CATALYSIS
AB A two-dimensional porous coordination polymer (NH4)(2){HOOC(CH2)(4)COOH}[Zn-2(C2O4)(3)] (abbreviated as (NH4)(2)(adp)[Zn-2(ox)(3)] (adp = adipic acid, ox = oxalate)), which accommodates water molecules between the [Zn-2(ox)(3)] layers, is highly remarked as a new type of crystalline proton conductor. In order to investigate its phase behavior and the proton conducting mechanism, we have performed adiabatic calorimetry, neutron diffraction, and quasi-elastic neutron scattering experiments on a fully hydrated sample (NH4)(2)(adp)[Zn-2(ox)(3)]center dot 3H(2)O with the highest proton conductivity (8 x 10(-3) S cm(-1), 25 degrees C, 98% RH). Its isostructural derivative K-2(adp)[Zn-2(ox)(3)]center dot 3H(2)O was also measured to investigate the role of ammonium ions. (NH4)(2)(adp)[Zn-2(ox)(3)]center dot 3H(2)O and K-2(adp)[Zn-2(ox)(3)]center dot 3H(2)O exhibit higher order transitions at 86 K and 138 K, respectively. From the magnitude of the transition entropy, the former is of an order-disorder type while the latter is of a displacive type. (NH4)(2)(adp)[Zn-2(ox)(3)]center dot 3H(2)O has four Debye-type relaxations and K-2(adp)[Zn-2(ox)(3)]center dot 3H(2)O has two similar relaxations above each transition temperature. The two relaxations of (NH4)(2)(adp)[Zn-2(ox)(3)]center dot 3H(2)O with very small activation energies (Delta E-a < 5 kJ mol(-1)) are due to the rotational motions of ammonium ions and play important roles in the proton conduction mechanism. It was also found that the protons in (NH4)(2)(adp)[Zn-2(ox)(3)]center dot 3H(2)O are carried through a Grotthuss mechanism. We present a discussion on the proton conducting mechanism based on the present structural and dynamical information.
C1 [Miyatsu, Satoshi; Kofu, Maiko; Nagoe, Atsushi; Yamada, Takeshi; Yamamuro, Osamu] Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan.
[Nagoe, Atsushi; Yamada, Takeshi; Kitagawa, Hiroshi; Yamamuro, Osamu] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy JST, Core Res Evolut Sci & Technol, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo 1020076, Japan.
[Sadakiyo, Masaaki; Yamada, Teppei; Kitagawa, Hiroshi] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
[Sadakiyo, Masaaki] Kyushu Univ, Int Inst Carbon Neutral Energy Res WPI I2CNER, Nishi Ku, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan.
[Tyagi, Madhusudan] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sakai, Victoria Garcia] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
RP Yamamuro, O (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan.
EM yamamuro@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp
RI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/M-4693-2014; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Sadakiyo,
Masaaki/P-7464-2016;
OI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/0000-0002-4364-7176; Sadakiyo,
Masaaki/0000-0001-5359-3581; Yamada, Teppei/0000-0002-3384-1004
FU Institute for Solid State Physics, the University of Tokyo; National
Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]
FX The authors thank Dr John R. D. Copley (NCNR, NIST) for the DCS
measurement, and Dr Kunihisa Sugimoto (SPring-8) and Dr Akihito Fujiwara
(SPring-8) for the single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurement at low
temperature. The HFBS experiment at NCNR was financially supported by
Institute for Solid State Physics, the University of Tokyo, through the
Travel Expense Support for the Overseas program. This work utilized
facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
Agreement No. DMR-0944772.
NR 39
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 54
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
EI 1463-9084
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 28
PY 2014
VL 16
IS 32
BP 17295
EP 17304
DI 10.1039/c4cp01432d
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AN1OK
UT WOS:000340353000045
PM 25019223
ER
PT J
AU Lee, SS
Feingold, G
McComiskey, A
Yamaguchi, T
Koren, I
Martins, JV
Yu, HB
AF Lee, Seoung Soo
Feingold, Graham
McComiskey, Allison
Yamaguchi, Takanobu
Koren, Ilan
Martins, J. Vanderlei
Yu, Hongbin
TI Effect of gradients in biomass burning aerosol on shallow cumulus
convective circulations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK CARBON AEROSOLS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; WRF MODEL; PART I; CLOUDS;
SIMULATIONS; CLIMATE; AMAZON; SMOKE; SENSITIVITY
AB This study examines the effect of spatial gradients in biomass burning (BB) aerosol on mesoscale circulations and clouds in the Amazon through high-resolution numerical modeling over areas of 30 km to 60 km. Inhomogeneous horizontal distribution of BB aerosol results in differential surface heat fluxes and radiative heating of the air, which generates circulation patterns that strongly influence cloud formation. The influence on air circulation and cumulus cloud formation depends on the BB aerosol loading, its vertical location, and the width of the plume. Plumes that reside at higher altitudes (similar to 1.5 km altitude) produce monotonic responses to aerosol loading whereas the response to plumes close to the surface changes nonmonotonically with plume width and aerosol loading. Sensitivity tests highlight the importance of interactive calculations of surface latent and heat fluxes with a coupled land surface model. In the case of the plume residing at higher altitude, failure to use interactive fluxes results in a reversal of the circulation whereas for the plume residing nearer the surface, the interactive surface model weakens the circulation. The influence of the BB aerosol on heating patterns, circulations, surface fluxes, and resultant cloud amount prevails over the BB aerosol-cloud microphysical influences.
C1 [Lee, Seoung Soo; Feingold, Graham; McComiskey, Allison; Yamaguchi, Takanobu] NOAA, Chem Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lee, Seoung Soo; McComiskey, Allison; Yamaguchi, Takanobu] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Koren, Ilan] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Martins, J. Vanderlei] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
[Yu, Hongbin] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Yu, Hongbin] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Climate & Radiat Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Lee, SS (reprint author), NOAA, Chem Sci Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM cumulss@gmail.com
RI Koren, Ilan/K-1417-2012; Yamaguchi, Takanobu/H-9169-2013; Feingold,
Graham/B-6152-2009; Yu, Hongbin/C-6485-2008; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Koren, Ilan/0000-0001-6759-6265; Yamaguchi,
Takanobu/0000-0001-8059-0757; Yu, Hongbin/0000-0003-4706-1575;
FU NASA's IDS program; NOAA's Climate Goal Program
FX The authors thank NASA's IDS program administered by Hal Maring and
NOAA's Climate Goal Program for supporting this work. NOAA's HPCC is
acknowledged for computing support. Data used in this study can be
obtained by contacting Seoung Soo Lee (Seoung.Soo.Lee@noaa.gov).
NR 44
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 28
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 27
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 16
BP 9948
EP 9964
DI 10.1002/2014JD021819
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AP3RF
UT WOS:000341994000022
ER
PT J
AU Lal, S
Venkataramani, S
Chandra, N
Cooper, OR
Brioude, J
Naja, M
AF Lal, S.
Venkataramani, S.
Chandra, N.
Cooper, O. R.
Brioude, J.
Naja, M.
TI Transport effects on the vertical distribution of tropospheric ozone
over western India
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR-POLLUTION; PACIFIC-OCEAN; WATER-VAPOR; STRATOSPHERE; TRENDS;
CONVECTION; TROPOPAUSE; EMISSIONS; EXCHANGE; CLIMATE
AB In situ tropospheric ozone measurements by balloon-borne electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) sensors above Ahmedabad in western India from May 2003 to July 2007 are presented, along with an analysis of the transport processes responsible for the observed vertical ozone distribution. This analysis is supported by 12 day back trajectory calculations using the FLEXPART Lagrangian particle dispersion model. Lowest ozone (similar to 20 ppbv) is observed near the surface during September at the end of the Asian summer monsoon season. Average midtropospheric (5-10 km above sea level) ozone is greatest (70-75 ppbv) during April-June and lowest (40-50 ppbv) during winter. Ozone variability is greatest in the upper troposphere with higher ozone during March-May. The FLEXPART retroplume results show that the free tropospheric vertical ozone distribution above this location is affected by long-range transport from the direction of North Africa and North America. Ozone levels are also affected by transport from the stratosphere particularly during March-April. The lower tropospheric (<3 km) ozone distribution during the Asian summer monsoon is affected by transport from the Indian Ocean via the east coast of Africa and the Arabian Sea. Influence from deep convection in the upper troposphere confined over central Asia has been simulated by FLEXPART. Lower ozone levels are observed during August-November than in any other season at 10-14 km above sea level. These in situ observations are in contrast to other studies based on satellite data which show that the lowest ozone values at these altitudes occur during the Asian summer monsoon.
C1 [Lal, S.; Venkataramani, S.; Chandra, N.] Phys Res Lab, Ahmadabad 380009, Gujarat, India.
[Chandra, N.] Indian Inst Technol, Gandhinagar, India.
[Cooper, O. R.; Brioude, J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cooper, O. R.; Brioude, J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Naja, M.] Aryabhatta Res Inst Observat Sci, Naini Tal, India.
RP Lal, S (reprint author), Phys Res Lab, Ahmadabad 380009, Gujarat, India.
EM shyam@prl.res.in
RI Brioude, Jerome/E-4629-2011; Cooper, Owen/H-4875-2013; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
FU PRL; ISRO GBP
FX We thank PRL and ISRO GBP for encouraging and supporting this balloon
program at PRL. S.L. is grateful to D. Kley and H. Smit for their help
in the initial planning of this balloon sounding program at PRL. S.L. is
also grateful to A.R. Ravishankara, former Director (now at Colorado
State University) of the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory's
Chemical Sciences Division, Boulder, USA, for supporting his stay there
to initiate this analysis. We thank Shilpy Gupta, K.S. Modh, T.A.
Rajesh, and T.K. Sunilkumar for their support in conducting these
balloon flights from Ahmedabad. We thank the anonymous reviewers for
their fruitful comments and suggestions, which have greatly improved the
paper. We are also grateful to the Editor for his encouragement and
support. The EDGARv4.1 global NOx emissions inventory was
provided by European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC)/Netherlands
Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL): Emission Database for Global
Atmospheric Research (EDGAR), release version 4.1
http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu, 2010. The international shipping
NOx emission inventory was provided by James Corbett,
University of Delaware. Fire NOx emissions are from the
Global Fire Emissions Database version 3 (GFED3).
NR 61
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 27
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 16
BP 10012
EP 10026
DI 10.1002/2014JD021854
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AP3RF
UT WOS:000341994000026
ER
PT J
AU Bergeron, DE
Cessna, JT
Coursey, BM
Fitzgerald, R
Zimmerman, BE
AF Bergeron, Denis E.
Cessna, Jeffrey T.
Coursey, Bert M.
Fitzgerald, Ryan
Zimmerman, Brian E.
TI A Review of NIST Primary Activity Standards for F-18: 1982 to 2013
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE anticoincidence; discrepancy; F-18; ionization chamber; liquid
scintillation counting; primary standard
ID POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; LIQUID SCINTILLATION SPECTROMETRY; DOSE
CALIBRATOR SETTINGS; LS COUNTING EFFICIENCY; COCKTAIL MASS VOLUME;
RADIONUCLIDE CALIBRATOR; ELECTRON-CAPTURE; HUMAN-BRAIN; TDCR METHOD;
IONIZATION-CHAMBER
AB The new NIST activity standardization for F-18, described in 2014 in Applied Radiation and Isotopes (v. 85, p. 77), differs from results obtained between 1998 and 2008 by 4 %. The new results are considered to be very reliable; they are based on a battery of robust primary measurement techniques and bring the NIST standard into accord with other national metrology institutes. This paper reviews all ten F-18 activity standardizations performed at NIST from 1982 to 2013, with a focus on experimental variables that might account for discrepancies. We have identified many possible sources of measurement bias and eliminated most of them, but we have not adequately accounted for the 1998-2008 results.
C1 [Bergeron, Denis E.; Cessna, Jeffrey T.; Coursey, Bert M.; Fitzgerald, Ryan; Zimmerman, Brian E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bergeron, DE (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM denis.bergeron@nist.gov; jeffrey.cessna@nist.gov; bert.coursey@nist.gov;
ryan.fitzgerald@nist.gov; brian.zimmerman@nist.gov
RI Bergeron, Denis/I-4332-2013; Fitzgerald, Ryan/H-6132-2016
OI Bergeron, Denis/0000-0003-1150-7950;
NR 91
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 15
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD AUG 27
PY 2014
VL 119
BP 371
EP 396
DI 10.6028/jres.119.013
PG 26
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AP4SE
UT WOS:000342068000001
PM 26601035
ER
PT J
AU Qiao, L
Li, W
Xiao, HY
Meyer, HM
Liang, XL
Nguyen, NV
Weber, WJ
Biegalski, MD
AF Qiao, Liang
Li, Wei
Xiao, Haiyan
Meyer, Harry M.
Liang, Xuelei
Nguyen, N. V.
Weber, William J.
Biegalski, Michael D.
TI Electronic Structure and Band Alignment at an Epitaxial
Spinel/Perovskite Heterojunction
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE spinel/perovskite heterojunction; electronic structure; band alignment;
photoemission
ID RAY PHOTOEMISSION SPECTRA; THIN-FILMS; PRECISE DETERMINATION; COBALT
OXIDES; CORE-LEVEL; SRTIO3; CO3O4; INTERFACE; SURFACES; OFFSETS
AB The electronic properties of solid solid interfaces play critical roles in a variety of technological applications. Recent advances of film epitaxy and characterization techniques have demonstrated a wealth of exotic phenomena at interfaces of oxide materials, which are critically dependent on the alignment of their energy bands across the interface. Here we report a combined photoemission and electrical investigation of the electronic structures across a prototypical spinel/perovskite heterojunction. Energy-level band alignment at an epitaxial Co3O4/SrTiO3(001) heterointerface indicates a chemically abrupt, type I heterojunction without detectable band bending at both the film and substrate. The unexpected band alignment for this typical p-type semiconductor on SrTiO3 is attributed to its intrinsic d-d interband excitation, which significantly narrows the fundamental band gap between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band. The formation of the type I heterojunction with a flat-band state results in a simultaneous confinement of both electrons and holes inside the Co3O4 layer, thus rendering the epitaxial Co3O4/SrTiO3(001) heterostructure to be a very promising material for high-efficiency luminescence and optoelectronic device applications.
C1 [Qiao, Liang; Biegalski, Michael D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Meyer, Harry M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Li, Wei; Nguyen, N. V.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Xiao, Haiyan] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Sch Phys Elect, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China.
[Xiao, Haiyan; Weber, William J.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Li, Wei; Liang, Xuelei] Peking Univ, Key Lab Phys & Chem Nanodevices, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Li, Wei; Liang, Xuelei] Peking Univ, Dept Elect, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
RP Qiao, L (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM qiaol@ornl.gov; biegalskim@ornl.gov
RI Weber, William/A-4177-2008; Qiao, Liang/A-8165-2012; Liang,
Xuelei/C-4690-2013
OI Weber, William/0000-0002-9017-7365;
FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy; University of Electronic Science and
Technology of China [Y02002010401085]; NSAF Joint Foundation of China
[U1330103]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
FX This research was conducted at the Center for Nanophase Materials
Sciences and SHaRE User Facility, which are sponsored at Oak Ridge
National Laboratory by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. The authors would
like to thank the NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology's
Nanofab Facility for device fabrication support. H. Y. Xiao acknowledges
the support of scientific research starting funding from University of
Electronic Science and Technology of China (Grant No. Y02002010401085)
and NSAF Joint Foundation of China (Grant No. U1330103). W. J. Weber was
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering.
NR 50
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 10
U2 77
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD AUG 27
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 16
BP 14338
EP 14344
DI 10.1021/am5036219
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AO2CB
UT WOS:000341122000123
PM 25075939
ER
PT J
AU Kapelewski, MT
Geier, SJ
Hudson, MR
Stuck, D
Mason, JA
Nelson, JN
Xiao, DJ
Hulvey, Z
Gilmour, E
FitzGerald, SA
Head-Gordon, M
Brown, CM
Long, JR
AF Kapelewski, Matthew T.
Geier, Stephen J.
Hudson, Matthew R.
Stueck, David
Mason, Jarad A.
Nelson, Jocienne N.
Xiao, Dianne J.
Hulvey, Zeric
Gilmour, Elizabeth
FitzGerald, Stephen A.
Head-Gordon, Martin
Brown, Craig M.
Long, Jeffrey R.
TI M-2(m-dobdc) (M = Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) Metal-Organic Frameworks
Exhibiting Increased Charge Density and Enhanced H-2 Binding at the Open
Metal Sites
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON(II) COORDINATION SITES; CARBON-DIOXIDE CAPTURE; HYDROGEN-STORAGE;
METHANE STORAGE; FUNCTIONAL THEORY; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; HIGH-CAPACITY;
HYDROCARBON SEPARATIONS; GAS-ADSORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY
AB The well-known frameworks of the type M-2(dobdc) (dobdc(4-) = 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) have numerous potential applications in gas storage and separations, owing to their exceptionally high concentration of coordinatively unsaturated metal surface sites, which can interact strongly with small gas molecules such as H-2 center dot Employing a related meta-functionalized linker that is readily obtained from resorcinol, we now report a family of structural isomers of this framework, M-2(m-dobdc) (M = Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni; m-dobdc(4-) = 4,6-dioxido-1,3-benzenedicarboxylate), featuring exposed M-2 cation sites with a higher apparent charge density. The regioisomeric linker alters the symmetry of the ligand field at the metal sites, leading to increases of 0.4-1.5 kJ/mol in the H-2 binding enthalpies relative to M-2(dobdc). A variety of techniques, including powder X-ray and neutron diffraction, inelastic neutron scattering, infrared spectroscopy, and first-principles electronic structure calculations, are applied in elucidating how these subtle structural and electronic differences give rise to such increases. Importantly, similar enhancements can be anticipated for the gas storage and separation properties of this new family of robust and potentially inexpensive metal-organic frameworks.
C1 [Kapelewski, Matthew T.; Geier, Stephen J.; Stueck, David; Mason, Jarad A.; Xiao, Dianne J.; Head-Gordon, Martin; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hudson, Matthew R.; Hulvey, Zeric; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nelson, Jocienne N.; Gilmour, Elizabeth; FitzGerald, Stephen A.] Oberlin Coll, Dept Phys, Oberlin, OH 44074 USA.
[Hulvey, Zeric] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Head-Gordon, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Chem Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RP Long, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jrlong@berkeley.edu
RI Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355
FU Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
(DOE-EERE), Fuel Cell Technologies Office and through the Department of
Energy, Office of Science Graduate Fellowship Program (DOE SCGF);
ORISE-ORAU [DE-AC05-06OR23100]; NSF [CHE-1111896]; U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF; Camille and Henry Dreyfus Postdoctoral Program
in Environmental Chemistry; NSERC of Canada; NIST National Research
Council
FX Research at Berkeley and NIST was supported through the Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (DOE-EERE),
Fuel Cell Technologies Office and through the Department of Energy,
Office of Science Graduate Fellowship Program (DOE SCGF), made possible
in part by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009,
administered by ORISE-ORAU under contract no. DE-AC05-06OR23100. Efforts
at Oberlin College were funded through NSF Grant CHE-1111896. We thank
the 11-BM staff at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National
Laboratory for assisting with powder X-ray diffraction experiments. Use
of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We thank
the NSF for providing graduate fellowship support for J.A.M. and M.T.K.,
the Camille and Henry Dreyfus Postdoctoral Program in Environmental
Chemistry and the NSERC of Canada for fellowship support of S.J.G., and
the NIST National Research Council for a Postdoctoral Fellowship award
to M.R.H. In addition, we are grateful to Dr. Greg Haider for help with
the diffraction data collection on 17-BM-B at the APS, Dr. Trudy Bolin
for the use of the helium glovebox in APS Sector 9, Paul Horn for
assistance with the energy decomposition analysis, and Eric Bloch and
Rebecca Triano for helpful discussions.
NR 95
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 12
U2 159
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 27
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 34
BP 12119
EP 12129
DI 10.1021/ja506230r
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AO0IX
UT WOS:000340993400043
PM 25130365
ER
PT J
AU Busch, DS
Maher, M
Thibodeau, P
McElhany, P
AF Busch, D. Shallin
Maher, Michael
Thibodeau, Patricia
McElhany, Paul
TI Shell Condition and Survival of Puget Sound Pteropods Are Impaired by
Ocean Acidification Conditions
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CORAL ASTRANGIA POCULATA; GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE; LIMACINA-HELICINA;
SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SEA-WATER; METABOLIC-RESPONSE; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2;
POTENTIAL IMPACTS; ROSS SEA; PACIFIC
AB We tested whether the thecosome pteropod Limacina helicina from Puget Sound, an urbanized estuary in the northwest continental US, experiences shell dissolution and altered mortality rates when exposed to the high CO2, low aragonite saturation state (Omega(a)) conditions that occur in Puget Sound and the northeast Pacific Ocean. Five, week-long experiments were conducted in which we incubated pteropods collected from Puget Sound in four carbon chemistry conditions: current summer surface (similar to 460-500 mu atm CO2, Omega(a)approximate to 1.59), current deep water or surface conditions during upwelling (similar to 760 and,1600-1700 mu atm CO2, Omega(a)approximate to 1.17 and 0.56), and future deep water or surface conditions during upwelling (Omega(a)2800-3400 mu atm CO2, Omega(a)approximate to 0.28). We measured shell condition using a scoring regime of five shell characteristics that capture different aspects of shell dissolution. We characterized carbon chemistry conditions in statistical analyses with Omega(a), and conducted analyses considering Omega(a) both as a continuous dataset and as discrete treatments. Shell dissolution increased linearly as aragonite saturation state decreased. Discrete treatment comparisons indicate that shell dissolution was greater in undersaturated treatments compared to oversaturated treatments. Survival increased linearly with aragonite saturation state, though discrete treatment comparisons indicated that survival was similar in all but the lowest saturation state treatment. These results indicate that, under starvation conditions, pteropod survival may not be greatly affected by current and expected near-future aragonite saturation state in the NE Pacific, but shell dissolution may. Given that subsurface waters in Puget Sound's main basin are undersaturated with respect to aragonite in the winter and can be undersaturated in the summer, the condition and persistence of the species in this estuary warrants further study.
C1 [Busch, D. Shallin; Maher, Michael; Thibodeau, Patricia; McElhany, Paul] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Busch, DS (reprint author), NOAA, Ocean Acidificat Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Shallin.Busch@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Ocean Acidification Program, Northwest Fisheries Science Center,
and Office of Education
FX This project was funded by NOAA's Ocean Acidification Program, Northwest
Fisheries Science Center, and Office of Education. The funders had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 70
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 6
U2 70
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 27
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 8
AR e105884
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0105884
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AN8UR
UT WOS:000340880900057
PM 25162395
ER
PT J
AU Zarr, RR
Heckert, NA
Leigh, SD
AF Zarr, Robert R.
Heckert, N. Alan
Leigh, Stefan D.
TI Retrospective Analysis of NIST Standard Reference Material 1450, Fibrous
Glass Board, for Thermal Insulation Measurements
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bulk density; certified reference material; fit; guarded hot plate; high
density molded fibrous glass board; model; regression analysis; standard
reference material; thermal conductivity; thermal insulation
ID CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS
AB Thermal conductivity data acquired previously for the establishment of Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1450, Fibrous Glass Board, as well as subsequent renewals 1450a, 1450b, 1450c, and 1450d, are re-analyzed collectively and as individual data sets. Additional data sets for proto-1450 material lots are also included in the analysis. The data cover 36 years of activity by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in developing and providing thermal insulation SRMs, specifically high-density molded fibrous-glass board, to the public. Collectively, the data sets cover two nominal thicknesses of 13 mm and 25 mm, bulk densities from 60 kg m(-3) to 180 kg m(-3), and mean temperatures from 100 K to 340 K. The analysis repetitively fits six models to the individual data sets. The most general form of the nested set of multilinear models used is given in the following equation:
lambda(p,T) = a(0) + a(1)p + a(2)T + a(3)T(3) + a(4)e - [T-a(5/)a(6)]
where lambda(rho, T) is the predicted thermal conductivity (W.m(-1) K-1), rho is the bulk density (kg m(-3)), T is the mean temperature (K) and a(i) (for i = 1, 2,...6) are the regression coefficients. The least squares fit results for each model across all data sets are analyzed using both graphical and analytic techniques. The prevailing generic model for the majority of data sets is the bilinear model in rho and T. lambda(p,T) = a(0) + a(1)p + a(2)T
One data set supports the inclusion of a cubic temperature term and two data sets with low-temperature data support the inclusion of an exponential term in T to improve the model predictions. Physical interpretations of the model function terms are described. Recommendations for future renewals of SRM 1450 are provided. An Addendum provides historical background on the origin of this SRM and the influence of the SRM on external measurement programs.
C1 [Zarr, Robert R.; Heckert, N. Alan; Leigh, Stefan D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zarr, RR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM robert.zarr@nist.gov; alan.heckert@nist.gov
FU Office of Reference Materials; Department of Energy through the Oak
Ridge National Laboratory
FX The authors appreciate the discussions with Dr. D. L. McElroy and Dr. R.
P. Tye in preparing and reviewing this paper. The description of the
NVLAP proficiency program were discussed and reviewed by Dr. Jeffrey
Horlick, NIST Standards Coordination Office. The data for the earlier
thermal insulation SRMs presented here were acquired through the
diligent efforts of several former NBS researchers including: H. E.
Robinson (NBS, 1937-1972), T. W. Watson (NBS, 1942-1976), B. A. Peavy
(NBS, 1951-1983), M. C. I. Siu (NBS, 1966-1983), and J. G. Hust (NBS
Boulder Campus, 1961-1983). Several of the thermal insulation SRMs
described here were developed with support from Office of Reference
Materials and the Department of Energy through the Oak Ridge National
Laboratory. The authors appreciate the efforts of K. Martin, NIST
Research Support Services Office, in conducting the literature search
for measurement programs utilizing "NBS fibrous-glass board "SRMs
1450-1450d."
NR 101
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD AUG 25
PY 2014
VL 119
BP 296
EP 370
DI 10.6028/jres.119.012
PG 75
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AP4SB
UT WOS:000342067600001
PM 26601034
ER
PT J
AU Glebov, BL
Fan, JY
Migdall, A
AF Glebov, Boris L.
Fan, Jingyun
Migdall, A.
TI Photon number squeezing in repeated parametric downconversion with
ancillary photon-number measurements
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENTANGLED PHOTONS; QUANTUM; EFFICIENCY; STATES; NOISE; LIMIT
AB We present a realistic numerical simulation of a source of number-squeezed photon states employing a cavity-based parametric downconversion (PDC) process. A cavity containing the PDC medium is pumped repeatedly. The cavity recycles only one of the PDC output modes, allowing it to be amplified with each subsequent pump pulse. A photon number resolved (PNR) measurement is made on the other PDC output mode following each pump pulse. Once the PNR measurements indicate that the target number of photons has accumulated in the cavity, the pumping is stopped and the resulting photon state is released. The photon number uncertainty in the resulting state is similar to 3 dB below that of a mean-equivalent coherent state and furthermore the probability of generating the target photon number is similarly increased. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America
C1 [Glebov, Boris L.; Migdall, A.] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Fan, Jingyun; Migdall, A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Glebov, BL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM boris.glebov@nist.gov; jfan@nist.gov
FU Physics Frontier Center at Joint Quantum Institute; Intelligence
Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program
FX This research was supported in part by the Physics Frontier Center at
Joint Quantum Institute. B. L. Glebov acknowledges the support of the
Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program. All
statements of fact, opinion, or analysis expressed are those of the
author and do not reflect the official positions or views of the
Intelligence Community or any other U. S. Government agency. Nothing in
the contents should be construed as asserting or implying U. S.
Government authentication of information or Intelligence Community
endorsement of the author's views.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD AUG 25
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 17
BP 20358
EP 20365
DI 10.1364/OE.22.020358
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AN6PJ
UT WOS:000340717300069
PM 25321244
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, SZ
Huang, Y
Klimov, NN
Newell, DB
Zhitenev, NB
Stroscio, JA
Solares, SD
Li, T
AF Zhu, Shuze
Huang, Yinjun
Klimov, Nikolai N.
Newell, David B.
Zhitenev, Nikolai B.
Stroscio, Joseph A.
Solares, Santiago D.
Li, Teng
TI Pseudomagnetic fields in a locally strained graphene drumhead
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM DOTS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; MICROSCOPY; MECHANICS
AB Recent experiments reveal that a scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) probe tip can generate a highly localized strain field in a graphene drumhead, which in turn leads to pseudomagnetic fields in the graphene that can spatially confine graphene charge carriers in a way similar to a lithographically defined quantum dot (QD). While these experimental findings are intriguing, their further implementation in nanoelectronic devices hinges upon the knowledge of key underpinning parameters, which still remain elusive. In this paper we first summarize the experimental measurements of the deformation of graphene membranes due to interactions with the STM probe tip and a back-gate electrode. We then carry out systematic coarse-grained (CG) simulations to offer a mechanistic interpretation of STM tip-induced straining of the graphene drumhead. Our findings reveal the effect of (i) the position of the STM probe tip relative to the graphene drumhead center, (ii) the sizes of both the STM probe tip and graphene drumhead, as well as (iii) the applied back-gate voltage, on the induced strain field and corresponding pseudomagnetic field. These results can offer quantitative guidance for future design and implementation of reversible and on-demand formation of graphene QDs in nanoelectronics.
C1 [Zhu, Shuze; Huang, Yinjun; Solares, Santiago D.; Li, Teng] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Klimov, Nikolai N.; Solares, Santiago D.; Li, Teng] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Klimov, Nikolai N.; Zhitenev, Nikolai B.; Stroscio, Joseph A.; Solares, Santiago D.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Newell, David B.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Li, T (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM lit@umd.edu
RI Li, Teng/B-1585-2008; Zhitenev, Nikolai/N-1780-2014
OI Li, Teng/0000-0001-6252-561X;
FU National Science Foundation [1069076, 1129826]; Clark School Future
Faculty Program and Graduate Student Summer Research Fellowships at the
University of Maryland; Clark School at the University of Maryland;
University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards
and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, through the
University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]
FX T.L., Z.S., and Y.H. acknowledge the support by the National Science
Foundation (Grants No. 1069076 and No. 1129826). Z.S. thanks the support
of the Clark School Future Faculty Program and Graduate Student Summer
Research Fellowships at the University of Maryland. Y.H. acknowledges
the support of Dean's Fellowship from Clark School at the University of
Maryland. N.K. acknowledges support under the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
Award 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland.
NR 25
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 35
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 25
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 7
AR 075426
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.075426
PG 11
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AO3VB
UT WOS:000341263400004
ER
PT J
AU Pelland, NA
Sterling, JT
Lea, MA
Bond, NA
Ream, RR
Lee, CM
Eriksen, CC
AF Pelland, Noel A.
Sterling, Jeremy T.
Lea, Mary-Anne
Bond, Nicholas A.
Ream, Rolf R.
Lee, Craig M.
Eriksen, Charles C.
TI Fortuitous Encounters between Seagliders and Adult Female Northern Fur
Seals (Callorhinus ursinus) off the Washington (USA) Coast: Upper Ocean
Variability and Links to Top Predator Behavior
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; SOUTHERN ELEPHANT SEAL; EASTERN BERING-SEA;
MIXED-LAYER; OCEANOGRAPHIC FEATURES; MESOSCALE EDDIES; PRIBILOF ISLANDS;
TRANSITION ZONE; PUP PRODUCTION; HAIDA EDDIES
AB Behavioral responses by top marine predators to oceanographic features such as eddies, river plumes, storms, and coastal topography suggest that biophysical interactions in these zones affect predators' prey, foraging behaviors, and potentially fitness. However, examining these pathways is challenged by the obstacles inherent in obtaining simultaneous observations of surface and subsurface environmental fields and predator behavior. In this study, migratory movements and, in some cases, diving behavior of 40 adult female northern fur seals (NFS; Callorhinus ursinus) were quantified across their range and compared to remotely-sensed environmental data in the Gulf of Alaska and California Current ecosystems, with a particular focus off the coast of Washington State (USA) - a known foraging ground for adult female NFS and where autonomous glider sampling allowed opportunistic comparison of seal behavior to subsurface biophysical measurements. The results show that in these ecosystems, adult female habitat utilization was concentrated near prominent coastal topographic, riverine, or inlet features and within 200 km of the continental shelf break. Seal dive depths, in most ecosystems, were moderated by surface light level (solar or lunar), mirroring known behaviors of diel vertically-migrating prey. However, seal dives differed in the California Current ecosystem due to a shift to more daytime diving concentrated at or below the surface mixed layer base. Seal movement models indicate behavioral responses to season, ecosystem, and surface wind speeds; individuals also responded to mesoscale eddies, jets, and the Columbia River plume. Foraging within small scale surface features is consistent with utilization of the inner coastal transition zone and habitats near coastal capes, which are known eddy and filament generation sites. These results contribute to our knowledge of NFS migratory patterns by demonstrating surface and subsurface behavioral responses to a spatially and temporally dynamic ocean environment, thus reflecting its influence on associated NFS prey species.
C1 [Pelland, Noel A.; Lee, Craig M.; Eriksen, Charles C.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Sterling, Jeremy T.; Ream, Rolf R.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Natl Oceanog & Atmospher Adm, Seattle, WA USA.
[Lea, Mary-Anne] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Bond, Nicholas A.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Lee, Craig M.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Pelland, NA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM nap2@u.washington.edu
RI Lea, Mary-Anne/E-9054-2013
OI Lea, Mary-Anne/0000-0001-8318-9299
FU NOAA; North Pacific Research Board; National Cooperative Research
Program of the NOAA Fisheries Office of Science and Technology; Joint
Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean at the University of
Washington; National Science Foundation [OCE9911036, OCE0095414,
OCE0526634]; National Oceanographic Partnership Program
FX Northern fur seal tagging, monitoring, and analysis was funded by NOAA
(www.noaa.gov), the North Pacific Research Board (www.nprb.org), the
National Cooperative Research Program of the NOAA Fisheries Office of
Science and Technology
(www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/cooperative-research/index), and the Joint
Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean at the University of
Washington (jisao.washington.edu). Northern fur seal research was
performed under National Marine Mammal Laboratory permits 782-1455 and
782-1708. Seaglider field work and analysis was supported by National
Science Foundation (www.nsf.gov) grants OCE9911036, OCE0095414, and
OCE0526634, with assistance in Seaglider development from the Office of
Naval Research (www.onr.navy. mil) and National Oceanographic
Partnership Program (www.nopp.org). The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 140
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 25
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 8
AR e101268
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0101268
PG 36
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AN9TR
UT WOS:000340952200003
PM 25153524
ER
PT J
AU Abdulagatov, IM
Akhmedova-Azizova, LA
Azizov, ND
AF Abdulagatov, I. M.
Akhmedova-Azizova, Lala A.
Azizov, N. D.
TI Experimental study of the density and derived (excess, apparent, and
partial molar volumes) properties of binary water plus ethanol and
ternary water plus ethanol plus lithium nitrate mixtures at temperatures
from 298 K to 448 K and pressures up to 40 MPa
SO FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Apparent molar volumes; Density; Excess molar volumes; Ethanol; Lithium
nitrate
ID DILUTE AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; LIQUID-MIXTURES; REFRACTIVE-INDEXES;
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; ORGANIC SOLUTES; HEAT-CAPACITIES;
ETHYL-ACETATE; NANO3 SOLUTIONS; X MEASUREMENTS; VISCOSITY
AB Densities of binary water + ethanol and ternary water + ethanol + LiNO3 mixtures have been measured over the temperature range from 298 K to 448 K and at pressures up to 40 MPa using the constant-volume piezometer immersed in a precision liquid thermostat. The measurements for water + ethanol mixture were made for four compositions of 0.0163, 0.0343, 0.0730, and 0.0946 mol fraction of ethanol. The measurements for thernary water + ethanol + LiNO3 mixtures were performed in the same temperature and pressure ranges for twelve concentrations. The combined expanded uncertainty of the density, pressure, temperature, and concentration measurements at the 95% confidence level with a coverage factor of k = 2 is estimated to be 0.06%, 0.05%, 20 mK, and 0.015%, respectively. The derived volumetric properties such as excess (V-m(E)), apparent (V-Phi), and partial ((V) over bar (infinity)(2)) molar volumes were calculated using the measured values of density for the binary water + ethanol mixture and for pure water and ethanol. The small and negative values of excess molar volume for the mixtures were found at all experimental temperatures, pressures, and over the entire concentration range. The excess molar volume minimum is found at concentration about 0.4 mol fraction of 1-propanol. The concentration minimum of the derived apparent molar volumes V-Phi near 2 mol kg(-1) (dilute mixture) was observed. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Abdulagatov, I. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Geothermal Res Inst, Dagestan Sci Ctr, Makhachkala, Dagestan, Russia.
[Akhmedova-Azizova, Lala A.] Tech Univ, Dept Ind Ecol & Ind Safety Properties Aqueous Sys, Baku, Azerbaijan.
[Azizov, N. D.] Azerbaijan State Oil Acad, Baku 370601, Azerbaijan.
RP Abdulagatov, IM (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM ilmutdin@boulder.nist.gov
NR 108
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 42
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-3812
EI 1879-0224
J9 FLUID PHASE EQUILIBR
JI Fluid Phase Equilib.
PD AUG 25
PY 2014
VL 376
BP 1
EP 21
DI 10.1016/j.fluid.2014.05.032
PG 21
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering
GA AN1JR
UT WOS:000340339100001
ER
PT J
AU Rumberger, B
Bennett, M
Zhang, JY
Dura, JA
Israeloff, NE
AF Rumberger, Brant
Bennett, Mackenzie
Zhang, Jingyun
Dura, J. A.
Israeloff, N. E.
TI Communication: Nanoscale ion fluctuations in Nafion polymer electrolyte
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID 1/F NOISE; MEMBRANES; RELAXATION; TRANSPORT; FILMS; WATER; GLASS;
CONDUCTIVITY; SPECTROSCOPY; KINETICS
AB Ion conduction mechanisms and the nanostructure of ion conduction networks remain poorly understood in polymer electrolytes which are used as proton-exchange-membranes (PEM) in fuel cell applications. Here we study nanoscale surface-potential fluctuations produced by Brownian ion dynamics in thin films of low-hydration Nafion (TM), the prototype PEM. Images and power spectra of the fluctuations are used to derive the local conductivity-relaxation spectrum, in order to compare with bulk behavior and hopping-conductivity models. Conductivity relaxation-times ranged from hours to milliseconds, depending on hydration and temperature, demonstrating that the observed fluctuations are produced by water-facilitated hydrogen-ion hopping within the ion-channel network. Due to the small number of ions probed, non-Gaussian statistics of the fluctuations can be used to constrain ion conduction parameters and mechanisms. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Rumberger, Brant; Bennett, Mackenzie; Zhang, Jingyun; Israeloff, N. E.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Dura, J. A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rumberger, B (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RI Dura, Joseph/B-8452-2008
OI Dura, Joseph/0000-0001-6877-959X
FU NSF DMR [1006007]
FX Samples were made in part at the NIST CNST Nanofab. Commercial products
are identified within to foster understanding which does not imply
recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, nor imply that these products are necessarily the best
available for the purpose. B. R., M. B., and N.E.I. supported by NSF DMR
1006007. We thank Max Turnquist for assistance with figures.
NR 32
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 26
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 21
PY 2014
VL 141
IS 7
AR 071102
DI 10.1063/1.4892875
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AN6OP
UT WOS:000340714600002
PM 25149767
ER
PT J
AU Roland, S
Schubert, M
Collins, BA
Kurpiers, J
Chen, ZH
Facchetti, A
Ade, H
Neher, D
AF Roland, Steffen
Schubert, Marcel
Collins, Brian A.
Kurpiers, Jona
Chen, Zhihua
Facchetti, Antonio
Ade, Harald
Neher, Dieter
TI Fullerene-Free Polymer Solar Cells with Highly Reduced Bimolecular
Recombination and Field-Independent Charge Carrier Generation
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPEN-CIRCUIT VOLTAGE; HIGH-MOBILITY; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; PHOTOVOLTAIC
PERFORMANCE; PHOTOCURRENT GENERATION; POLYFLUORENE BLENDS; QUANTUM
EFFICIENCY; DOMAIN PURITY; FILL FACTOR; COPOLYMER
AB Photogeneration, recombination, and transport of free charge carriers in all-polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells incorporating poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as donor and poly([N,N'-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-naphthelene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5'-(2,2'-bithiophene)) (P(NDI2OD-T2)) as acceptor polymer have been investigated by the use of time delayed collection field (TDCF) and time-of-flight (TOF) measurements. Depending on the preparation procedure used to dry the active layers, these solar cells comprise high fill factors (FFs) of up to 67%. A strongly reduced bimolecular recombination (BMR), as well as a field-independent free charge carrier generation are observed, features that are common to high performance fullerene-based solar cells. Resonant soft X-ray measurements (R-SoXS) and photoluminescence quenching experiments (PQE) reveal that the BMR is related to domain purity. Our results elucidate the similarities of this polymeric acceptor with the superior recombination properties of fullerene acceptors.
C1 [Roland, Steffen; Schubert, Marcel; Kurpiers, Jona; Neher, Dieter] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
[Collins, Brian A.; Ade, Harald] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Collins, Brian A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chen, Zhihua; Facchetti, Antonio] Polyera Corp, Skokie, IL 60077 USA.
RP Neher, D (reprint author), Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
EM neher@uni-potsdam.de
RI Neher, Dieter/A-9334-2015;
OI Schubert, Marcel/0000-0002-8739-4852
FU Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [FKZ 031 S2151D];
German Science Foundation (DFG) [SPP 1355]; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Science
and Engineering [DE-FG02-98ER45737]; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH1123]
FX This work was supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and
Research (BMBF) within the project PVcomB (FKZ 031 S2151D) and by the
German Science Foundation (DFG) within the priority program SPP 1355.
X-ray characterization by Brian A. Collins while at NCSU and Harald Ade
was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic
Energy Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering under
Contract DE-FG02-98ER45737. R-SoXS data was acquired at beamline
11.0.1.2 at the ALS,57 a National user facility supported by
the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-05CH1123).
NR 56
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 5
U2 67
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD AUG 21
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 16
BP 2815
EP 2822
DI 10.1021/jz501506z
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AN7US
UT WOS:000340807100009
PM 26278084
ER
PT J
AU He, YB
Zhou, W
Qian, GD
Chen, BL
AF He, Yabing
Zhou, Wei
Qian, Guodong
Chen, Banglin
TI Methane storage in metal-organic frameworks
SO CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID GAS-ADSORPTION PROPERTIES; HIGH H-2 ADSORPTION; SUPERMOLECULAR
BUILDING-BLOCKS; COORDINATION-POLYMER; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; CARBON-DIOXIDE;
SURFACE-AREA; HYDROGEN STORAGE; UPTAKE CAPACITY; IN-SITU
AB Natural gas (NG), whose main component is methane, is an attractive fuel for vehicular applications. Realization of safe, cheap and convenient means and materials for high-capacity methane storage can significantly facilitate the implementation of natural gas fuelled Vehicles. The physisorption based process involving porous materials offers an efficient storage methodology and the emerging porous metal organic frameworks have been explored as potential candidates because of their extraordinarily high porosities, tunable pore/cage sizes and easily immobilized functional sites. In this view, we provide an overview of the current status of metal-organic frameworks for methane storage.
C1 [He, Yabing] Zhejiang Normal Univ, Coll Chem & Life Sci, Jinhua 321004, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Wei] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhou, Wei] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Qian, Guodong] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, State Key Lab Silicon Mat, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Banglin] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Chem, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
RP Chen, BL (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Chem, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
EM banglin.chen@utsa.edu
RI Chen, Banglin/F-5461-2010; Zhou, Wei/C-6504-2008; He, Yabing/H-3314-2012
OI Chen, Banglin/0000-0001-8707-8115; Zhou, Wei/0000-0002-5461-3617;
FU Welch Foundation [AX-1730]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[21301156]
FX This work was supported by an Award AX-1730 from Welch Foundation (BC)
and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21301156).
NR 173
TC 387
Z9 391
U1 56
U2 359
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0306-0012
EI 1460-4744
J9 CHEM SOC REV
JI Chem. Soc. Rev.
PD AUG 21
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 16
BP 5657
EP 5678
DI 10.1039/c4cs00032c
PG 22
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AN3UQ
UT WOS:000340514600011
PM 24658531
ER
PT J
AU Pajerowski, DM
Li, Q
Hyun, J
Dennis, CL
Phelan, D
Yan, PF
Chen, P
Li, GM
AF Pajerowski, Daniel M.
Li, Quan
Hyun, Jason
Dennis, Cindi L.
Phelan, Daniel
Yan, Pengfei
Chen, Peng
Li, Guangming
TI Chloride-bridged, defect-dicubane {Ln(4)} core clusters: syntheses,
crystal structures and magnetic properties
SO DALTON TRANSACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-MOLECULE-MAGNET; BETA-DIKETONATE LIGANDS; ION MAGNETS; DYSPROSIUM
TRIANGLES; LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES; ANISOTROPIC BARRIER; SLOW RELAXATION;
GROUND-STATE; BEHAVIOR; TETRANUCLEAR
AB Three chloride-bridged lanthanide compounds, [Ln(4)Cl(6)(CH3OH)(12)(OH)(12)(OH2]center dot 4Cl center dot 2CH(3)OH [Ln = Gd (1), Dy (2) and Er (3)], have been unexpectedly isolated by the reactions of LnCl(3)center dot 6H(2)O and N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-(phenylene-diamine) (H2L). X-ray crystallographic analysis reveals a triclinic cell with a unique defect-dicubane {Ln(4)} core and the structure across this series is nominally isomorphic. Measurements of direct current magnetic susceptibility and isothermal magnetization give insight into the relevant cluster Hamiltonians for 1, 2, and 3, and alternating current susceptibility shows slow relaxation in 2, but not in 1 or 3 down to 2 K and up to 1 kHz.
C1 [Pajerowski, Daniel M.; Hyun, Jason; Dennis, Cindi L.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Li, Quan; Yan, Pengfei; Chen, Peng; Li, Guangming] Key Lab Funct Inorgan Mat Chem MOE, Harbin, Peoples R China.
[Li, Quan; Yan, Pengfei; Chen, Peng; Li, Guangming] Heilongjiang Univ, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China.
[Phelan, Daniel] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Hyun, Jason] Montgomery Blair High Sch, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA.
RP Pajerowski, DM (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM daniel.pajerowski@nist.gov; gmli_2000@163.com
RI Li, Guangming/I-6447-2016;
OI Pajerowski, Daniel/0000-0003-3890-2379
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51272069]; Summer
High-school Internship Program (SHIP) at the National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST) Center for Neutron Research; NIST;
Center for High Resolution Neutron Scattering (CHRNS)
FX This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (no. 51272069). DMP and JH gratefully acknowledge
the Summer High-school Internship Program (SHIP) at the National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Center for Neutron
Research, the financial support provided by NIST and the Center for High
Resolution Neutron Scattering (CHRNS), and the usage of facilities
supported, in part, by the National Science Foundation under Agreement
no. DMR-0944772.
NR 66
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 46
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1477-9226
EI 1477-9234
J9 DALTON T
JI Dalton Trans.
PD AUG 21
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 31
BP 11973
EP 11980
DI 10.1039/c4dt01329h
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA AM4YP
UT WOS:000339862400023
PM 24970397
ER
PT J
AU Mittal, S
Fan, J
Faez, S
Migdall, A
Taylor, JM
Hafezi, M
AF Mittal, S.
Fan, J.
Faez, S.
Migdall, A.
Taylor, J. M.
Hafezi, M.
TI Topologically Robust Transport of Photons in a Synthetic Gauge Field
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL WAVE-GUIDES; ANDERSON LOCALIZATION; RANDOM-MEDIA; DELAY;
STATISTICS; LIGHT; BACKSCATTERING; INSULATORS; DISPERSION; STATES
AB Electronic transport is localized in low-dimensional disordered media. The addition of gauge fields to disordered media leads to fundamental changes in the transport properties. We implement a synthetic gauge field for photons using silicon-on-insulator technology. By determining the distribution of transport properties, we confirm that waves are localized in the bulk and localization is suppressed in edge states. Our system provides a new platform for investigating the transport properties of photons in the presence of synthetic gauge fields.
C1 [Mittal, S.; Fan, J.; Migdall, A.; Taylor, J. M.; Hafezi, M.] Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Mittal, S.; Hafezi, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Faez, S.] Leiden Univ, Huygens Kamerlingh Onnes Lab, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
RP Hafezi, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM hafezi@umd.edu
RI Faez, Sanli/A-7622-2010; Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011; Hafezi,
Mohammad/A-1197-2008
OI Faez, Sanli/0000-0001-8260-2117; Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594;
Hafezi, Mohammad/0000-0003-1679-4880
FU U.S. Army Research Office Multidisciplinary University Research
Initiative [W911NF0910406]; NSF through Physics Frontier Center at the
Joint Quantum Institute; European Research Council
FX We thank A. Lobos, S. Ganeshan, and J. Keutchayan for fruitful
discussions. This research was supported by the U.S. Army Research
Office Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative Grant No.
W911NF0910406, and the NSF through the Physics Frontier Center at the
Joint Quantum Institute. S. F. acknowledges financial support from the
European Research Council (Advanced Grant SiMoSoMa).
NR 31
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 4
U2 17
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 20
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 8
AR 087403
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.087403
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AW8IF
UT WOS:000346504200012
PM 25192126
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, JZ
Fischer, CJ
AF Zhang, Jia-Zhong
Fischer, Charles J.
TI Carbon Dynamics of Florida Bay: Spatiotemporal Patterns and Biological
Control
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON; INNER-SHELF LAGOON; M-CRESOL PURPLE; COASTAL
WATERS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CYANOBACTERIAL BLOOMS; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION;
RIVER ESTUARY; GAS-EXCHANGE; PH
AB Carbon dynamics of Florida Bay is manifested by wide ranges of pH (7.65-8.61), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC, 929-3223 mu M) and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO(2) 50-1313 mu atm) observed over seven years. Despite the seasonal variation, a decline of -0.0066 pH per year was observed as a result of ocean acidification and the spatiotemporal patterns were consistent with known biological processes in the bay. Microbial respiration of organic matter produced high pCO(2), resulting in Florida Bay being a CO2 source to the atmosphere during winter and spring. In summer, cyanobacteria blooms developed in the north central bay drew down pCO(2), causing bloom waters to become a CO2 sink while the nonbloom waters shrunk but remained a CO2 source. The maxima local CO2 fluxes were 36.4 +/- 10.5 and -14.0 +/- 5.6 mmol m(-2) d(-1) for the source and sink region, respectively. Cyanobacteria blooms modulated the interannual variation in bay-wide CO2 net flux, which averaged 7.96 X 10(9) +/- 1.84 X 10(9) mol yr(-1). Extensive cyanobacteria blooms in 2009 resulted in a 50% reduction in the net CO2 flux as compared with 2010 when a minimal cyanobacteria bloom occurred.
C1 [Zhang, Jia-Zhong; Fischer, Charles J.] NOAA, Ocean Chem & Ecosyst Div, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Zhang, JZ (reprint author), NOAA, Ocean Chem & Ecosyst Div, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM jia-zhong.zhang@noaa.gov
RI Zhang, Jia-Zhong/B-7708-2008; Fischer, Charles/A-3843-2017
OI Zhang, Jia-Zhong/0000-0002-1138-2556;
FU NOAA/OAR base funds
FX The authors thank Lindsey Visser, Chris Kelble, Grant Rawson, and Jeff
Judas for assistance with sample collection during the field survey in
Florida Bay. This study was supported by NOAA/OAR base funds. The
scientific results and conclusions, as well as any views or opinions
expressed herein, are those of the authors and do not necessarily
reflect the views of NOAA or the Department of Commerce.
NR 68
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U2 20
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG 19
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 16
BP 9161
EP 9169
DI 10.1021/es500510z
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AN6JW
UT WOS:000340701800028
PM 25020272
ER
PT J
AU Wild, RJ
Edwards, PM
Dube, WP
Baumann, K
Edgerton, ES
Quinn, PK
Roberts, JM
Rollins, AW
Veres, PR
Warneke, C
Williams, EJ
Yuan, B
Brown, SS
AF Wild, Robert J.
Edwards, Peter M.
Dube, William P.
Baumann, Karsten
Edgerton, Eric S.
Quinn, Patricia K.
Roberts, James M.
Rollins, Andrew W.
Veres, Patrick R.
Warneke, Carsten
Williams, Eric J.
Yuan, Bin
Brown, Steven S.
TI A Measurement of Total Reactive Nitrogen, NOy, together with NO2, NO,
and O-3 via Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CATALYTIC-REDUCTION TECHNIQUE; IN-SITU DETECTION; INSTRUMENT;
ATMOSPHERE; AIRCRAFT; NITRATES; BASIN; ACID
AB We present a sensitive, compact detector that measures total reactive nitrogen (NOy), as well as NO2, NO, and O-3. In all channels, NO2 is directly detected by laser diode based cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) at 405 nm. Ambient O-3 is converted to NO2 in excess NO for the O-3 measurement channel. Likewise, ambient NO is converted to NO2 in excess O-3. Ambient NOy is thermally dissociated at similar to 700 degrees C to form NO2 or NO in a heated quartz inlet. Any NO present in ambient air or formed from thermal dissociation of other reactive nitrogen compounds is converted to NO2 in excess O-3 after the thermal converter. We measured thermal dissociation profiles for six of the major NO), components and compared ambient measurements with other instruments during field campaigns in Utah and Alabama. Alabama measurements were made in a rural location with high biogenic emissions, and Utah measurements were made in the wintertime in unusual conditions that form high ozone levels from emissions related to oil and gas production. The NOy comparison in Alabama, to an accepted standard measurement method (a molybdenum catalytic converter/chemiluminescence instrument), agreed to within 12%, which we define as an upper limit to the accuracy of the NOy channel. The 1 sigma precision is <30 pptv at 1 s and <4 pptv at 1 min time resolution for all measurement channels. The accuracy is 3% for the NO2 and O-3 channels and 5% for the NO channel. The precision and accuracy of this instrument make it a versatile alternative to standard chemiluminescence-based NOy instruments.
C1 [Wild, Robert J.; Edwards, Peter M.; Dube, William P.; Rollins, Andrew W.; Veres, Patrick R.; Warneke, Carsten; Yuan, Bin] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wild, Robert J.; Edwards, Peter M.; Dube, William P.; Roberts, James M.; Rollins, Andrew W.; Veres, Patrick R.; Warneke, Carsten; Williams, Eric J.; Yuan, Bin; Brown, Steven S.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Baumann, Karsten; Edgerton, Eric S.] Atmospher Res & Anal Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA.
[Quinn, Patricia K.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Brown, SS (reprint author), NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM steven.s.brown@noaa.gov
RI Veres, Patrick/E-7441-2010; Roberts, James/A-1082-2009; Warneke,
Carsten/E-7174-2010; Rollins, Andrew/G-7214-2012; Edwards,
Peter/H-5236-2013; Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Yuan, Bin/A-1223-2012;
Quinn, Patricia/R-1493-2016; Wild, Robert/I-1963-2013; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Veres, Patrick/0000-0001-7539-353X; Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172;
Edwards, Peter/0000-0002-1076-6793; Yuan, Bin/0000-0003-3041-0329;
Quinn, Patricia/0000-0003-0337-4895; Wild, Robert/0000-0002-4800-5172;
FU Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environmental Sciences at the
University of Colorado; NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle and
Climate (AC4) Program
FX The authors thank Joost de Gouw for help with calibrations and data
analysis. This work was funded in part by an Innovative Research
Proposal Grant from the Cooperative Institute for Research in the
Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado and in part by the
NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle and Climate (AC4) Program.
NR 25
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Z9 15
U1 10
U2 68
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG 19
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 16
BP 9609
EP 9615
DI 10.1021/es501896w
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AN6JW
UT WOS:000340701800080
PM 25019919
ER
PT J
AU Hafezi, M
Adhikari, P
Taylor, JM
AF Hafezi, M.
Adhikari, P.
Taylor, J. M.
TI Engineering three-body interaction and Pfaffian states in circuit QED
systems
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM COMPUTATION; PHOTON; ANYONS; GASES
AB We demonstrate a scheme to engineer the three-body interaction in circuit-QED systems by tuning a fluxonium qubit. Connecting such qubits in a square lattice and controlling the tunneling dynamics in the form of a synthesized magnetic field for the photon-like excitations of the system allows the implementation of a parent Hamiltonian whose ground state is the Pfaffian wave function. Furthermore, we show that the addition of the next-nearest-neighbor tunneling stabilizes the ground state, recovering the expected topological degeneracy even for small lattices. Finally, we discuss the implementation of these ideas with the current technology.
C1 [Hafezi, M.; Adhikari, P.; Taylor, J. M.] Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hafezi, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hafezi, M.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Hafezi, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM hafezi@umd.edu
RI Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011; Hafezi, Mohammad/A-1197-2008
OI Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594; Hafezi, Mohammad/0000-0003-1679-4880
FU U.S. Army Research Office MURI [W911NF0910406]; NSF through the Physics
Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute
FX This research was supported by U.S. Army Research Office MURI Award No.
W911NF0910406 and NSF through the Physics Frontier Center at the Joint
Quantum Institute. We thank L. Mazza, E. Kapit, A. Houck, A. Rimberg, M.
Khan, F. Wellstood, and B. Palmer for fruitful discussions.
NR 40
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 18
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 6
AR 060503
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.060503
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AO3WK
UT WOS:000341267500002
ER
PT J
AU Woods, SI
Ingvarsson, S
Sun, SH
Kirtley, JR
AF Woods, S. I.
Ingvarsson, Snorri
Sun, Shouheng
Kirtley, J. R.
TI Analysis of the noise spectra from oxidized superparamagnetic
nanoparticles
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY; EXCHANGE BIAS; SUPERLATTICES; SYSTEM
AB Expressions for the thermal noise from a collection of exchange-biased magnetic nanoparticles are derived and used to analyze the magnetic noise from thin films of partially oxidized nanoparticles. Functionalized Co nanoparticles with diameters between 3 and 6 nm were oxygenated in solution and then deposited on oxidized silicon substrates, self-assembling into arrays of magnetic nanoparticles during solvent evaporation. Magnetization measurements exhibited the development of exchange bias with oxygenation as evidenced by an increasing exchange field and coercivity. Noise measurements of the exchange-biased nanoparticles using a micro-superconducting quantum interference device sensor are shown to be consistent with theoretical expectations and are used to extract the magnetic energy distributions of the Co/CoO nanoparticles.
C1 [Woods, S. I.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ingvarsson, Snorri] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland.
[Sun, Shouheng] Brown Univ, Dept Chem, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Kirtley, J. R.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Probing Nanoscale, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA.
RP Woods, SI (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM solomon.woods@nist.gov
RI Ingvarsson, Snorri/L-1071-2013
OI Ingvarsson, Snorri/0000-0001-8397-8917
NR 21
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U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 18
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 6
AR 060403
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.060403
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AO3WK
UT WOS:000341267500001
ER
PT J
AU Brown, MG
Godin, OA
Williams, NJ
Zabotin, NA
Zabotina, L
Banker, GJ
AF Brown, Michael G.
Godin, Oleg A.
Williams, Neil J.
Zabotin, Nikolay A.
Zabotina, Liudmila
Banker, Geoffrey J.
TI Acoustic Green's function extraction from ambient noise in a coastal
ocean environment
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE noise interferometry; acoustic tomography; Green's function; ocean noise
ID CROSS-CORRELATION FUNCTION; COHERENT WAVE-FRONTS; DIFFUSE FIELDS;
EMERGENCE RATE; SEISMIC NOISE; ARRIVAL-TIME; OPEN SYSTEMS; TOMOGRAPHY;
FLUCTUATIONS; RETRIEVAL
AB We report on the results of an underwater acoustic field experiment conducted in December 2012 on the continental shelf off the Florida Keys in water of approximately 100 m depth. Ambient noise was recorded concurrently on three moored near-bottom instruments with horizontal separations of approximately 5 km, 10 km, and 15 km. We focus in this letter on instrument pairs with 5 km and 10 km separations. Consistent with theoretical predictions, coherent sums of many realizations of cross correlations of ambient noise records at two measurement locations are shown to yield approximations to deterministic acoustic Green's functions that describe propagation between those two locations. The results presented demonstrate the feasibility of extracting information suitable for use in tomographic inversions from measurements of underwater acoustic ambient noise.
C1 [Brown, Michael G.; Williams, Neil J.; Banker, Geoffrey J.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Godin, Oleg A.; Zabotin, Nikolay A.; Zabotina, Liudmila] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Godin, Oleg A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Brown, MG (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM mbrown@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Godin, Oleg/E-6554-2011; Zabotin, Nikolay/A-9639-2015
OI Godin, Oleg/0000-0003-4599-2149; Zabotin, Nikolay/0000-0003-0715-1082
FU National Science Foundation [OCE1129860, OCE1129524]; Office of Naval
Research [N000141210182]
FX We thank David Mann, Loggerhead Instruments, and Hien Nguyen for working
with us to implement design modifications to the standard Loggerhead
Instruments noise recording systems. The data presented in this letter
are available from the authors (M. G. B. or O.A.G.). This work was
supported by the National Science Foundation grants OCE1129860 and
OCE1129524 and the Office of Naval Research grant N000141210182.
NR 52
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U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 15
BP 5555
EP 5562
DI 10.1002/2014GL060926
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AP0BI
UT WOS:000341725200031
ER
PT J
AU Collow, TW
Robock, A
Wu, W
AF Collow, Thomas W.
Robock, Alan
Wu, Wei
TI Influences of soil moisture and vegetation on convective precipitation
forecasts over the United States Great Plains
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND-COVER DATA; EQUIVALENT TEMPERATURE; DEEP CONVECTION; NORTH-AMERICA;
ETA-MODEL; MESOSCALE; IMPACT; SATELLITE; SIMULATIONS; SENSITIVITY
AB This study investigates the influences of soil moisture and vegetation on 30 h convective precipitation forecasts using the Weather Research and Forecasting model over the United States Great Plains with explicit treatment of convection. North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) data were used as initial and boundary conditions. We also used an adjusted soil moisture (uniformly adding 0.10 m(3)/m(3) over all soil layers based on NARR biases) to determine whether using a simple observationally based adjustment of soil moisture forcing would provide more accurate simulations and how the soil moisture addition would impact meteorological parameters for different vegetation types. Current and extreme (forest and barren) land covers were examined. Compared to the current vegetation cover, the complete removal of vegetation produced substantially less precipitation, while conversion to forest led to small differences in precipitation. Adding 0.10 m(3)/m(3) to the soil moisture with the current vegetation cover lowered the near surface temperature and increased the humidity to a similar degree as using a fully forested domain with no soil moisture adjustment. However, these temperature and humidity effects on convective available potential energy and moist enthalpy nearly canceled each other out, resulting in a limited precipitation response. Although no substantial changes in precipitation forecasts were found using the adjusted soil moisture, the similarity found between temperature and humidity forecasts using the increased soil moisture and those with a forested domain highlights the sensitivity of the model to soil moisture changes, reinforcing the need for accurate soil moisture initialization in numerical weather forecasting models.
C1 [Collow, Thomas W.; Robock, Alan] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
[Wu, Wei] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Environm & Climate Sci Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Collow, TW (reprint author), INNOVIM LLC, NOAA NWS NCEP Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
EM tcollow@envsci.rutgers.edu
RI Robock, Alan/B-6385-2016
FU NASA [NNX09AJ99G]; Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) Laboratory
Directed Research and Development Program; National Science Foundation
FX This work has been supported by NASA grant NNX09AJ99G and the Brookhaven
National Laboratory (BNL) Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Program. Calculations were performed at the NCAR Wyoming Supercomputing
Center, which is supported by the National Science Foundation. NARR data
used in this study are available for download at
http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds608.0/. We thank Martin Schoonen (BNL)
and Peter Daum (BNL) for carefully reading and editing this manuscript,
Benjamin Lintner (Rutgers University) for his valuable suggestions on
the analysis, and Jeffrey Basara from the University of Oklahoma for
providing us with the Oklahoma Mesonet soil moisture data. We finally
thank four anonymous reviewers for their feedback on earlier versions of
this manuscript.
NR 68
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Z9 5
U1 0
U2 21
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 16
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 15
BP 9338
EP 9358
DI 10.1002/2014JD021454
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AO2ZK
UT WOS:000341197400010
ER
PT J
AU Zaleski, A
Atkinson, S
Burkanov, V
Quinn, T
AF Zaleski, Adam
Atkinson, Shannon
Burkanov, Vladimir
Quinn, Terrance, II
TI The effect of organohalogen contaminants on western Steller sea lion
survival and movement in the Russian Far East
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Organohalogen contaminants; Steller sea lions; Survival probability;
Resighting probability; Movement probability
ID TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS; ARCTIC MARINE MAMMALS; NORTHERN FUR-SEAL;
EUMETOPIAS-JUBATUS; PERSISTENT ORGANOCHLORINES;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; GLOBAL TRANSPORT;
BERING-SEA; PUPS
AB The western stock of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) have experienced dramatic declines since the 1960s, particularly in the western Alaskan and Asian portions, which have continued to decline or stabilized at low levels. Multiple causes for this decline have been proposed andmay include anthropogenic contamination from organohalogen contaminants (OCs). These include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), which have not been ruled out as a potential cause for the lack of recovery. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of OCs on survival and movement probabilities estimated in program MARK using resighting data collected from 2003 to 2009. PCBs and DDTs were measured in whole blood from 136 (74 males and 62 females) individually marked, free-ranging pups from four Russian Far East rookeries. The mean concentration of Sigma PCB and Sigma DDT was 4.25 +/- 5.12 and 3.22 +/- 4.28 ng g(-1) ww (n = 136), respectively, and the averageSPCB and Sigma DDT concentration for those above the aggregate mean (n = 44) was 9.25 +/- 6.55 and 7.65 +/- 5.21 ng g(-1) ww, and those below the aggregate mean (n = 92) the concentration was 1.86 0.89 and 1.11 +/- 0.65 ng g(-1) ww, respectively. The lowest estimated probabilities of survival occurred in the first year, ranging from 38% to 74%, but increased for ages 1-9, ranging from 82% to 94%. The greatest movement occurred from Medny Island west toward the Kamchatka Peninsula (33%) and to Bering Island (18%), and low movement estimates for other natal rookeries was largely due to minimal resighting effort. The estimated probabilities of resighting varied by location (48%-87%), but had greater precision than survival or movement parameters. Survival and movement were most affected by age and location rather than OCs. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zaleski, Adam; Atkinson, Shannon; Quinn, Terrance, II] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Burkanov, Vladimir] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
[Burkanov, Vladimir] Russian Acad Sci, Kamchatka Branch, Pacific Geog Inst, Far East Branch, Moscow 117901, Russia.
RP Atkinson, S (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau Ctr, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM shannon.atkinson@alaska.edu
FU National Science Foundation through the Sustainable Ecosystem-Based
Management of Living Marine Resources program at the University of
Alaska Fairbanks School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences [1011707];
Pollock Conservation Cooperative Research Center [G5584]
FX This project is an extension of the research of the late Dr. Matthew
Myers. Support for this project was provided by a graduate fellowship
from the National Science Foundation through the Sustainable
Ecosystem-Based Management of Living Marine Resources program at the
University of Alaska Fairbanks School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences
(fellowship # 1011707). The Pollock Conservation Cooperative Research
Center provided additional fellowship funds to complete this research
(award #G5584). Samples and resighting data were provided by the
National Marine Mammal Laboratory and North Pacific Wildlife Consulting.
Assistance with MARK analyses was provided by Suzie Teerlink. Assistance
with the study area map was provided by Dr. JasonWaite. We thank Gina
Ylitalo and Peggy Krahn who provided contaminant analysis and data
assistance. We are grateful to Dr. Sherry Tamone for her input and edits
throughout this project.
NR 45
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Z9 1
U1 3
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD AUG 15
PY 2014
VL 490
BP 561
EP 569
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.113
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AY0NT
UT WOS:000347293800060
PM 24887189
ER
PT J
AU Dietrich, JP
Van Gaest, AL
Strickland, SA
Hutchinson, GP
Krupkin, AB
Arkoosh, MR
AF Dietrich, Joseph P.
Van Gaest, Ahna L.
Strickland, Stacy A.
Hutchinson, Greg P.
Krupkin, Alex B.
Arkoosh, Mary R.
TI Toxicity of PHOS-CHEK LC-95A and 259F fire retardants to ocean- and
stream-type Chinook salmon and their potential to recover before
seawater entry
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Salmon; Wildfire; Toxicity; PHOS-CHEK; Smoltification; Fire retardant
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; EARLY-LIFE STAGES; RAINBOW-TROUT; SMOLT
TRANSFORMATION; CHEMICALS; AMMONIA; PARR; EXPOSURE; SMOLTIFICATION;
TSHAWYTSCHA
AB Long-termfire retardants are used to prevent the spread ofwildland fire, but have inadvertently entered aquatic habitats and resulted in fish kills. Weexamined the toxicity of two fire retardant products; PHOS-CHEK 259F and LC-95A, on Chinook salmon with two different life histories, ocean-type and stream-type, at different stages of their development. Ocean-type Chinook outmigrate to the ocean as subyearlings; while, stream-type salmon overwinter in freshwater and outmigrate as yearlings. Ocean-type and stream-type salmon were exposed to the fire retardants prior to their parr to smolt transition (presmolts) as subyearlings (stream-type and oceantype) and yearlings (stream-type only), as well as during their transition (smolts). The salmon were exposed to eight concentrations of each retardant and a control for 96 h to determine acute toxicity. Lethal concentration curves were modeled by logistic regression for each life history and life stage exposed to the two fire retardants. Among all life histories and life stages tested, PHOS-CHEK 259F was most toxic to stream-type salmon at smolt stage and PHOS-CHEK LC-95A was most toxic to ocean-type salmon at smolt stage. To determine the delayed effects of product exposures on fish health as well as for the potential of recovery, 24-hour seawater challenges were performed immediately after fire retardant exposure, as well as after a recovery period. Previous PHOSCHEK exposure reduced survival during seawater challenge among salmon from both life histories undergoing the parr-smolt transition and was more pronounced after PHOS-CHEK LC-95A exposure. However, this delayed effect was not observed 34 or more days after either PHOS-CHEK exposure. We conclude that accidental PHOSCHEK LC-95A or 259F drops during salmon outmigration would have adverse impacts that extend beyond the acute mortality that occurs within the immediate drop and dilution areas. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Dietrich, Joseph P.; Van Gaest, Ahna L.; Strickland, Stacy A.; Hutchinson, Greg P.; Krupkin, Alex B.; Arkoosh, Mary R.] NOAA, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Dietrich, JP (reprint author), 2032 SE OSU Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM joseph.dietrich@noaa.gov; vangaest@gmail.com; sas70@me.com;
hutching@onid.orst.edu; krupkinalex@gmail.com; mary.arkoosh@noaa.gov
FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service Wildland Fire Chemical
Systems Program [10-IA-11130206-046]
FX We are sincerely grateful for the technical efforts of Deborah Boylen
and the animal care assistance provided by Kalle Applegate, Lauren
Arkoosh, Stacie Farwell, Athena Jackson, and Alice McKinstry. We also
appreciate the insights provided by Edward E. Little, U.S. Geological
Survey-CERC, Columbia, Missouri. The present study was financially
supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (#
10-IA-11130206-046)-Forest Service Wildland Fire Chemical Systems
Program.
NR 37
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U1 5
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD AUG 15
PY 2014
VL 490
BP 610
EP 621
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.038
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AY0NT
UT WOS:000347293800065
PM 24880550
ER
PT J
AU Sale, PF
Agardy, T
Ainsworth, CH
Feist, BE
Bell, JD
Christie, P
Hoegh-Guldberg, O
Mumby, PJ
Feary, DA
Saunders, MI
Daw, TM
Foale, SJ
Levin, PS
Lindeman, KC
Lorenzen, K
Pomeroy, RS
Allison, EH
Bradbury, RH
Corrin, J
Edwards, AJ
Obura, DO
de Mitcheson, YJS
Samoilys, MA
Sheppard, CRC
AF Sale, Peter F.
Agardy, Tundi
Ainsworth, Cameron H.
Feist, Blake E.
Bell, Johann D.
Christie, Patrick
Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove
Mumby, Peter J.
Feary, David A.
Saunders, Megan I.
Daw, Tim M.
Foale, Simon J.
Levin, Phillip S.
Lindeman, Kenyon C.
Lorenzen, Kai
Pomeroy, Robert S.
Allison, Edward H.
Bradbury, R. H.
Corrin, Jennifer
Edwards, Alasdair J.
Obura, David O.
de Mitcheson, Yvonne J. Sadovy
Samoilys, Melita A.
Sheppard, Charles R. C.
TI Transforming management of tropical coastal seas to cope with challenges
of the 21st century
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Tropical coastal fishery; Coastal resource management; Coral reef;
Marine spatial planning; Global change; Socio-ecological management
ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; ECOSYSTEM-BASED
MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; FOOD SECURITY;
CORAL-REEFS; LEVEL RISE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; STOCK ENHANCEMENT
AB Over 1.3 billion people live on tropical coasts, primarily in developing countries. Many depend on adjacent coastal seas for food, and livelihoods. We show how trends in demography and in several local and global anthropogenic stressors are progressively degrading capacity of coastal waters to sustain these people. Far more effective approaches to environmental management are needed if the loss in provision of ecosystem goods and services is to be stemmed. We propose expanded use of marine spatial planning as a framework for more effective, pragmatic management based on ocean zones to accommodate conflicting uses. This would force the holistic, regional-scale reconciliation of food security, livelihoods, and conservation that is needed. Transforming how countries manage coastal resources will require major change in policy and politics, implemented with sufficient flexibility to accommodate societal variations. Achieving this change is a major challenge - one that affects the lives of one fifth of humanity. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Sale, Peter F.] United Nations Univ, Inst Water Environm & Hlth, Hamilton, ON L8P OA1, Canada.
[Agardy, Tundi] Sound Seas, Bethesda, MD 20816 USA.
[Ainsworth, Cameron H.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Feist, Blake E.; Levin, Phillip S.] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Bell, Johann D.] Secretariat Pacific Commun, Fisheries Aquaculture & Marine Ecosyst Div, Noumea 98848, New Caledonia.
[Christie, Patrick] Univ Washington, Sch Marine & Environm Affairs, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Christie, Patrick] Univ Washington, Jackson Sch Int Studies, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove; Saunders, Megan I.] Univ Queensland, Global Change Inst, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Mumby, Peter J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Feary, David A.] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Environm, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
[Daw, Tim M.] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Daw, Tim M.; Allison, Edward H.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Int Dev, Norwich NR4 7HU, Norfolk, England.
[Foale, Simon J.] James Cook Univ, Sch Arts & Social Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Lindeman, Kenyon C.] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Educ & Interdisciplinary Studies, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
[Lorenzen, Kai] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Pomeroy, Robert S.] Univ Connecticut, Agr & Resource Econ CT Sea Grant, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Bradbury, R. H.] Australian Natl Univ, Crawford Sch Publ Policy, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Corrin, Jennifer] Univ Queensland, Ctr Publ Int & Comparat Law, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Corrin, Jennifer] Univ Queensland, TC Beirne Sch Law, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Edwards, Alasdair J.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Biol, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Obura, David O.; Samoilys, Melita A.] CORDIO East Africa, Mombasa 80101, Kenya.
[de Mitcheson, Yvonne J. Sadovy] Univ Hong Kong, Swire Inst Marine Sci, Shek O, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Sheppard, Charles R. C.] Univ Warwick, Sch Life Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
RP Sale, PF (reprint author), United Nations Univ, Inst Water Environm & Hlth, 175 Longwood Rd, Hamilton, ON L8P OA1, Canada.
EM sale@uwindsor.ca
RI Foale, Simon/M-5872-2014; Research ID, CTBCC /O-3564-2014; Edwards,
Alasdair/C-9558-2009; Feist, Blake/H-2669-2012; Saunders,
Megan/I-7731-2012
OI Foale, Simon/0000-0003-0809-872X; Edwards, Alasdair/0000-0002-2979-7389;
Feist, Blake/0000-0001-5215-4878; Saunders, Megan/0000-0002-8549-5609
NR 121
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U1 5
U2 90
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD AUG 15
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 1
BP 8
EP 23
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.005
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AO6NH
UT WOS:000341468300014
PM 24997002
ER
PT J
AU Donnelly-Greenan, EL
Harvey, JT
Nevins, HM
Hester, MM
Walker, WA
AF Donnelly-Greenan, Erica L.
Harvey, James T.
Nevins, Hannahrose M.
Hester, Michelle M.
Walker, William A.
TI Prey and plastic ingestion of Pacific Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus
glacialis rogersii) from Monterey Bay, California
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Northern Fulmar; Plastic; Cephalopod; Ingestion; Diet
ID MARINE-ENVIRONMENT; SEABIRDS; PARTICLES; POLLUTION; SEA; CEPHALOPODS;
ATLANTIC; DEBRIS; BIRDS; DIET
AB Marine plastic pollution affects seabirds, including Pacific Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis rodgersii), that feed at the surface and mistake plastic for prey or incidentally ingest it. Direct and indirect health issues can result, including satiety and possibly leading to inefficient foraging. Our objective was to examine fulmar body condition, identify cephalopod diet to species, enumerate and weigh ingested plastic, and determine if prey number and size were correlated with ingested plastics in beach-cast fulmars wintering in Monterey Bay California (2003, n = 178: 2007, n = 185). Fulmars consumed mostly Gonatus pyros, G. onyx, and G. californiensis of similar size for both years. We found a significant negative correlation between pectoral muscle index and average size of cephalopod beaks per stomach; a significant increase in plastic categories between 2003 and 2007; and no significant correlation between number and mass of plastic compared with number and size of prey for either year. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Donnelly-Greenan, Erica L.; Harvey, James T.] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Donnelly-Greenan, Erica L.; Nevins, Hannahrose M.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Off Spill Prevent & Response, Marine Wildlife Vet Care & Res Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Donnelly-Greenan, Erica L.; Nevins, Hannahrose M.; Hester, Michelle M.] Oikonos Ecosyst Knowledge, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Walker, William A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Donnelly-Greenan, EL (reprint author), Oikonos Ecosyst Knowledge, POB 2570, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM erica@oikonos.org; jharvey@mlml.calstate.edu; hannah@oikonos.org;
michelle@oikonos.org; mindwalk@msn.com
FU Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge; Dr. Earl and Ethel Myers Oceanographic and
Marine Biology Trust; Graduate Equity Scholarship; Moss Landing Marine
Laboratories Vertebrate Ecology Lab
FX This work was partially funded by Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge and
supported by the Dr. Earl and Ethel Myers Oceanographic and Marine
Biology Trust and the Graduate Equity Scholarship. A special thanks to
Scott Shaffer (SJSU), and Jan van Franeker (IMARES). Jan inspired this
study and was always informative, approachable, and quick to answer
emails on the other side of the world. Thank you to the Moss Landing
Marine Laboratories Vertebrate Ecology Lab, Corinne Gibble, Elizabeth
Phillips, Colleen Young, Jack Ames, Josha Adams, BeachCOMBERS and
Monterey SPCA volunteers, Simon Brown, Kim Starbuck, and Dr. Herbert Lee
(UCSC) for all the support and assistance.
NR 76
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U1 4
U2 44
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD AUG 15
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 1
BP 214
EP 224
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.05.046
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AO6NH
UT WOS:000341468300036
PM 24951249
ER
PT J
AU Baumann, E
Deschenes, JD
Giorgetta, FR
Swann, WC
Coddington, I
Newbury, NR
AF Baumann, Esther
Deschenes, Jean-Daniel
Giorgetta, Fabrizio R.
Swann, William C.
Coddington, Ian
Newbury, Nathan R.
TI Speckle phase noise in coherent laser ranging: fundamental precision
limitations
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTINUOUS-WAVE LADAR; CHIRP LINEARIZATION; ROUGH SURFACES; RADAR
AB Frequency-modulated continuous-wave laser detection and ranging (FMCW LADAR) measures the range to a surface through coherent detection of the backscattered light from a frequency-swept laser source. The ultimate limit to the range precision of FMCW LADAR, or any coherent LADAR, to a diffusely scattering surface will be determined by the unavoidable speckle phase noise. Here, we demonstrate the two main manifestations of this limit. First, frequency-dependent speckle phase noise leads to a non-Gaussian range distribution having outliers that approach the system range resolution, regardless of the signal-to-noise ratio. These outliers are reduced only through improved range resolution (i.e., higher optical bandwidths). Second, if the range is measured during a continuous lateral scan across a surface, the spatial pattern of speckle phase is converted to frequency noise, which leads to additional excess range uncertainty. We explore these two effects and show that laboratory results agree with analytical expressions and numerical simulations. We also show that at 1 THz optical bandwidth, range precisions below 10 mu m are achievable regardless of these effects.
C1 [Baumann, Esther; Deschenes, Jean-Daniel; Giorgetta, Fabrizio R.; Swann, William C.; Coddington, Ian; Newbury, Nathan R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Baumann, E (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM baumann@nist.gov
RI Giorgetta, Fabrizio/O-1730-2014; Baumann, Esther/P-1315-2015
OI Giorgetta, Fabrizio/0000-0003-2066-3912; Baumann,
Esther/0000-0002-6569-2090
FU DARPA EPHI; NIST
FX We acknowledge helpful comments from P. Hale and P. Williams and funding
from DARPA EPHI and NIST.
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PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
EI 1539-4794
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 2014
VL 39
IS 16
BP 4776
EP 4779
DI 10.1364/OL.39.004776
PG 4
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AO1UD
UT WOS:000341099400037
PM 25121872
ER
PT J
AU Landsea, CW
Hagen, A
Bredemeyer, W
Carrasco, C
Glenn, DA
Santiago, A
Strahan-Sakoskie, D
Dickinson, M
AF Landsea, Christopher W.
Hagen, Andrew
Bredemeyer, William
Carrasco, Cristina
Glenn, David A.
Santiago, Adrian
Strahan-Sakoskie, Donna
Dickinson, Michael
TI A Reanalysis of the 1931-43 Atlantic Hurricane Database
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
AB A reanalysis of the Atlantic basin tropical storm and hurricane database ("best track") for the period from 1931 to 1943 has been completed as part of the Atlantic Hurricane Database Reanalysis Project. This reassessment of the main archive for tropical cyclones of the North Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico was necessary to correct systematic biases and random errors in the data as well as to search for previously unrecognized systems. Methodology for the reanalysis process for revising the track and intensity of tropical cyclone data is largely unchanged from that of the preceding couple of decades and has been detailed in a previous paper on the reanalysis. Accurate Environmental Forecasting's numerical weather prediction-based wind field model was utilized here to help determine which states were impacted by various hurricane force winds in several U.S. landfalling major hurricanes during this era. The 1931-43 dataset now includes 23 new tropical cyclones, excludes five systems previously considered tropical storms, makes generally large alterations in the intensity estimates of most tropical cyclones (at various times both toward stronger and weaker intensities), and typically adjusts existing tracks with minor corrections. Average errors in intensity and track values are estimated for both open ocean conditions as well as for landfalling systems. Finally, highlights are given for changes to the more significant hurricanes to impact the United States, Central America, and the Caribbean for this time period.
C1 [Landsea, Christopher W.] NOAA NWS NCEP Natl Hurricane Ctr, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
[Hagen, Andrew; Bredemeyer, William; Carrasco, Cristina; Santiago, Adrian] Univ Miami, CIMAS, Miami, FL USA.
[Glenn, David A.] NOAA NWS WFO Morehead City, Morehead City, NC USA.
[Strahan-Sakoskie, Donna] Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA.
[Dickinson, Michael] WeatherPredict Consulting Inc, Wakefield, RI USA.
RP Landsea, CW (reprint author), NOAA NWS NCEP Natl Hurricane Ctr, 11695 SW 17th St, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
EM chris.landsea@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Climate Program Office on "Atlantic basin tropical cyclone database
reanalysis and impact of incomplete sampling"; Risk Prediction
Initiative on "A reanalysis of ten U.S. landfalling hurricanes"
FX This work has been sponsored by a grant from the NOAA Climate Program
Office on "Atlantic basin tropical cyclone database reanalysis and
impact of incomplete sampling." The component that included the AEF wind
model work was supported by a grant from the Risk Prediction Initiative
on "A reanalysis of ten U.S. landfalling hurricanes." The authors wish
to thank the current NHC Best Track Change Committee (Chairman Jack
Beven, Eric Blake, Todd Kimberlain, Richard Pasch, Gladys Rubio, and
Eric Uhlhorn) and past members (Lixion Avila, Hugh Cobb, Jim Gross,
Brian Jarvinen, Colin McAdie, and Ed Rappaport) for their encouragement
and detailed suggestions that have helped to quality control the
thousands of alterations and additions to HURDAT2. Special thanks for
their individual contributions toward this project for this era are also
given to Gloria Aversano and the NHC regional library, James Belanger,
Auguste Boissonnade and Risk Management Solutions, Mike Chenoweth, Gil
Clark, Sandy Delgado, Daniel Gladstein, Mark Jelinek, Cary Mock, Charlie
Neumann, Astryd Rodriguez, David Roth, and Mark Zimmer. Joan David
kindly prepared the track map figures utilized in this paper.
NR 31
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U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG 15
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 16
BP 6093
EP 6118
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00503.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN0YV
UT WOS:000340310800001
ER
PT J
AU Khan, SI
Hong, Y
Gourley, JJ
Khattak, MUK
Yong, B
Vergara, HJ
AF Khan, Sadiq Ibrahim
Hong, Yang
Gourley, Jonathan J.
Khattak, Muhammad Umar Khan
Yong, Bin
Vergara, Humberto J.
TI Evaluation of three high-resolution satellite precipitation estimates:
Potential for monsoon monitoring over Pakistan
SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite precipitation; TRMM; CMORPH; Pakistan monsoon
ID MEASURING MISSION TRMM; GLOBAL PRECIPITATION; RAINFALL ESTIMATION;
TROPICAL RAINFALL; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; HIMALAYAN REGION; ANALYSIS TMPA;
RADAR; CONVECTION; PRODUCTS
AB Multi-sensor precipitation datasets including two products from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) and estimates from Climate Prediction Center Morphing Technique (CMORPH) product were quantitatively evaluated to study the monsoon variability over Pakistan. Several statistical and graphical techniques are applied to illustrate the nonconformity of the three satellite products from the gauge observations. During the monsoon season (JAS), the three satellite precipitation products captures the intense precipitation well, all showing high correlation for high rain rates (>30 mm/day). The spatial and temporal satellite rainfall error variability shows a significant geo-topography dependent distribution, as all the three products overestimate over mountain ranges in the north and coastal region in the south parts of Indus basin. The TMPA-RT product tends to overestimate light rain rates (approximately 100%) and the bias is low for high rain rates (about +/- 20%). In general, daily comparisons from 2005 to 2010 show the best agreement between the TMPA-V7 research product and gauge observations with correlation coefficient values ranging from moderate (0.4) to high (0.8) over the spatial domain of Pakistan. The seasonal variation of rainfall frequency has large biases (100-140%) over high latitudes (36N) with complex terrain for daily, monsoon, and pre-monsoon comparisons. Relatively low uncertainties and errors (Bias +/- 25% and MAE 1-10 mm) were associated with the TMPA-RT product during the monsoon-dominated region (32-35N), thus demonstrating their potential use for developing an operational hydrological application of the satellite-based near real-time products in Pakistan for flood monitoring. (C) 2014 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Khan, Sadiq Ibrahim; Hong, Yang; Vergara, Humberto J.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Khan, Sadiq Ibrahim; Hong, Yang; Vergara, Humberto J.] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Gourley, Jonathan J.] Natl Weather Ctr, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Khattak, Muhammad Umar Khan] Natl Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Geog Informat Syst, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
[Yong, Bin] Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
RP Khan, SI (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Natl Weather Ctr, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Suite 3605, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM sadiq@ou.edu
RI Gourley, Jonathan/C-7929-2016; Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Yong,
Bin/C-2257-2014
OI Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755; Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X;
Yong, Bin/0000-0003-1466-2091
FU Pakistan-US Science and Technology Cooperation Program; United States
Agency for International Development (USAID); Ministry of Science and
Technology (MOST); Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (HEC)
FX This research work was supported by the ongoing project under the
Pakistan-US Science and Technology Cooperation Program jointly funded by
the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) with the
Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) and the Higher Education
Commission of Pakistan (HEC). This program is being implemented by the
U.S. National Academy of Sciences. The authors would like to acknowledge
Climate Data Processing Centre of Pakistan Meteorological Department for
providing rainfall data.
NR 48
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U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1177
EI 1879-1948
J9 ADV SPACE RES
JI Adv. Space Res.
PD AUG 15
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 4
BP 670
EP 684
DI 10.1016/j.asr.2014.04.017
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM2PH
UT WOS:000339692800010
ER
PT J
AU Madankan, R
Pouget, S
Singla, P
Bursik, M
Dehn, J
Jones, M
Patra, A
Pavolonis, M
Pitman, EB
Singh, T
Webley, P
AF Madankan, R.
Pouget, S.
Singla, P.
Bursik, M.
Dehn, J.
Jones, M.
Patra, A.
Pavolonis, M.
Pitman, E. B.
Singh, T.
Webley, P.
TI Computation of probabilistic hazard maps and source parameter estimation
for volcanic ash transport and dispersion
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Inverse problem; Source parameter estimation; Polynomial chaos; Minimum
variance estimator; Hazard map
ID DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; POLYNOMIAL-CHAOS; PLUMES; MODEL; VALIDATION;
WIND
AB Volcanic ash advisory centers are charged with forecasting the movement of volcanic ash plumes, for aviation, health and safety preparation. Deterministic mathematical equations model the advection and dispersion of these plumes. However initial plume conditions - height, profile of particle location, volcanic vent parameters - are known only approximately at best, and other features of the governing system such as the windfield are stochastic. These uncertainties make forecasting plume motion difficult. As a result of these uncertainties, ash advisories based on a deterministic approach tend to be conservative, and many times over/under estimate the extent of a plume. This paper presents an end-to-end framework for generating a probabilistic approach to ash plume forecasting. This framework uses an ensemble of solutions, guided by Conjugate Unscented Transform (CUT) method for evaluating expectation integrals. This ensemble is used to construct a polynomial chaos expansion that can be sampled cheaply, to provide a probabilistic model forecast. The CUT method is then combined with a minimum variance condition, to provide a full posterior pdf of the uncertain source parameters, based on observed satellite imagery. The April 2010 eruption of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland is employed as a test example. The puff advection/dispersion model is used to hindcast the motion of the ash plume through time, concentrating on the period 14-16 April 2010. Variability in the height and particle loading of that eruption is introduced through a volcano column model called bent. Output uncertainty due to the assumed uncertain input parameter probability distributions, and a probabilistic spatial-temporal estimate of ash presence are computed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Madankan, R.; Singla, P.; Patra, A.; Singh, T.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Pouget, S.; Bursik, M.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Jones, M.] SUNY Buffalo, Ctr Computat Res, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Pitman, E. B.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Math, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Dehn, J.; Webley, P.] Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Pavolonis, M.] NOAA NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Madison, WI USA.
RP Singla, P (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM psingla@buffalo.edu
RI Pavolonis, Mike/F-5618-2010; Singla, Puneet/D-3642-2012; Webley,
Peter/F-8238-2015; Singh, Tarunraj /K-8496-2013; Patra,
Abani/F-8262-2016
OI Pavolonis, Mike/0000-0001-5822-219X; Singla, Puneet/0000-0002-2441-2531;
Webley, Peter/0000-0001-5327-8151; Singh, Tarunraj /0000-0003-0377-6122;
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI-1131074, CMMI-1054759]; Air
Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-11-1-0336]
FX This material is based upon work jointly supported through National
Science Foundation (NSF) under Awards Nos. CMMI-1131074, CMMI-1054759
and Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) grant number
FA9550-11-1-0336. All results and opinions expressed in this article are
those of the authors and do not reflect opinions of NSF or AFOSR.
NR 56
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U1 2
U2 24
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9991
EI 1090-2716
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 2014
VL 271
BP 39
EP 59
DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2013.11.032
PG 21
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA AI1NW
UT WOS:000336618800004
ER
PT J
AU Hati, A
Nelson, CW
Howe, DA
AF Hati, A.
Nelson, C. W.
Howe, D. A.
TI Reducing oscillator PM noise from AM-PM noise correlation
SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB A new scheme for reducing the phase-modulated (PM) noise of an oscillator from correlation between amplitude-modulated (AM) and PM noise is presented. Experimental results of this correlation effect are also presented. An improvement of almost 10 dB in the PM noise is reported for frequency offsets with strong correlation.
C1 [Hati, A.; Nelson, C. W.; Howe, D. A.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hati, A (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM archita.hati@nist.gov
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 0013-5194
EI 1350-911X
J9 ELECTRON LETT
JI Electron. Lett.
PD AUG 14
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 17
BP 1195
EP 1196
DI 10.1049/el.2014.2210
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA AO0TN
UT WOS:000341025300012
ER
PT J
AU Pillsbury, NR
Kidwell, NM
Nebgen, B
Slipchenko, LV
Douglass, KO
Cable, JR
Plusquellic, DF
Zwier, TS
AF Pillsbury, Nathan R.
Kidwell, Nathanael M.
Nebgen, Benjamin
Slipchenko, Lyudmila V.
Douglass, Kevin O.
Cable, John R.
Plusquellic, David F.
Zwier, Timothy S.
TI Vibronic coupling in asymmetric bichromophores: Experimental
investigation of diphenylmethane-d(5)
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTRA; SPECTROMETER
AB Vibrationally and rotationally resolved electronic spectra of diphenylmethane-d(5) (DPM-d(5)Z) are reported in the isolated-molecule environment of a supersonic expansion. While small, the asymmetry induced by deuteration of one of the aromatic rings is sufficient to cause several important effects that change the principle mechanism of vibronic coupling between the close-lying S-1 and S-2 states, and spectroscopic signatures such coupling produces. The splitting between S-1 and S-2 origins is 186 cm(-1), about 50% greater than its value in DPM-d(0) (123 cm(-1)), and an amount sufficient to bring the S-2 zero-point level into near-resonance with the v = 1 level in the S-1 state of a low-frequency phenyl flapping mode, nu(R) = 191 cm(-1). Dispersed fluorescence spectra bear clear evidence that Delta v(R) = 1 Herzberg-Teller coupling dominates the near-resonant internal mixing between the S-1 and S-2 manifolds. The fluorescence into each pair of Franck-Condon active ring modes shows an asymmetry that suggests incorrectly that the S-1 and S-2 states may be electronically localized. From rotationally resolved studies, the S-0 and S-1 states have been well-fit to asymmetric rotor Hamiltonians while the S-2 state is perturbed and not fit. The transition dipole moment (TDM) orientation of the S-1 state is nearly perpendicular to the C-2 symmetry axes with 66(2)%:3(1)%:34(2)% a:b:c hybrid-type character while that of the S-2 origin contains 50(10)% a:c-type (S-1) and 50(10)% b-type (S-2) character. A model is put forward that explains qualitatively the TDM compositions and dispersed emission patterns without the need to invoke electronic localization. The experimental data discussed here serve as a foundation for a multi-mode vibronic coupling model capable of being applied to asymmetric bichromophores, as presented in the work of B. Nebgen and L. V. Slipchenko ["Vibronic coupling in asymmetric bichromophores: Theory and application to diphenylmethane-d(5)," J. Chem. Phys. (submitted)]. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Pillsbury, Nathan R.; Kidwell, Nathanael M.; Nebgen, Benjamin; Slipchenko, Lyudmila V.; Zwier, Timothy S.] Purdue Univ, Dept Chem, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Douglass, Kevin O.; Plusquellic, David F.] NIST, Quantum Elect & Photon Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Cable, John R.] Bowling Green State Univ, Dept Chem, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA.
[Cable, John R.] Bowling Green State Univ, Ctr Photochem Sci, Bowling Green, OH 43403 USA.
RP Plusquellic, DF (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Elect & Photon Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM david.plusquellic@nist.gov; zwier@purdue.edu
OI Nebgen, Ben/0000-0001-5310-3263
FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-FG02-96ER14656]; National Science Foundation [CHE-0955419];
Purdue Research Foundation
FX N.R.P., N.M.K., and T.S.Z. gratefully acknowledge that this material is
based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award No.
DE-FG02-96ER14656. B.N. and L. V. S. acknowledge support from the
National Science Foundation Career Grant No. CHE-0955419 and Purdue
Research Foundation.
NR 22
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 22
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 14
PY 2014
VL 141
IS 6
AR 064316
DI 10.1063/1.4892344
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AN6OH
UT WOS:000340713700038
PM 25134580
ER
PT J
AU Sarkar, S
Langer, S
Schachenmayer, J
Daley, AJ
AF Sarkar, S.
Langer, S.
Schachenmayer, J.
Daley, A. J.
TI Light scattering and dissipative dynamics of many fermionic atoms in an
optical lattice
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID MATRIX PRODUCT STATES; QUANTUM SIMULATIONS; RENORMALIZATION-GROUP;
SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; ULTRACOLD GASES; MOTT INSULATOR; HUBBARD-MODEL;
SYSTEMS; RADIATION; PHYSICS
AB We investigate the many-body dissipative dynamics of fermionic atoms in an optical lattice in the presence of incoherent light scattering. Deriving and solving a master equation to describe this process microscopically for many particles, we observe contrasting behavior in terms of the robustness against this type of heating for different many-body states. In particular, we find that the magnetic correlations exhibited by a two-component gas in the Mott insulating phase should be particularly robust against decoherence from light scattering, because the decoherence in the lowest band is suppressed by a larger factor than the time scales for effective superexchange interactions that drive coherent dynamics. Furthermore, the derived formalism naturally generalizes to analogous states with SU(N) symmetry. In contrast, for typical atomic and laser parameters, two-particle correlation functions describing bound dimers for strong attractive interactions exhibit superradiant effects due to the indistinguishability of off-resonant photons scattered by atoms in different internal states. This leads to rapid decay of correlations describing off-diagonal long-range order for these states. Our predictions should be directly measurable in ongoing experiments, providing a basis for characterizing and controlling heating processes in quantum simulation with fermions.
C1 [Sarkar, S.; Langer, S.; Schachenmayer, J.; Daley, A. J.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Schachenmayer, J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Daley, A. J.] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Phys, Glasgow G4 0NG, Lanark, Scotland.
[Daley, A. J.] Univ Strathclyde, SUPA, Glasgow G4 0NG, Lanark, Scotland.
RP Sarkar, S (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
RI Daley, Andrew/F-5366-2014;
OI Daley, Andrew/0000-0001-9005-7761; SCHACHENMAYER,
JOHANNES/0000-0001-9420-5768
FU AFOSR Grant [FA9550-13-1-0093]
FX We thank Dan Boyanovsky, Randy Hulet, Wolfgang Ketterle, Ken O'Hara,
Hannes Pichler, Ulrich Schneider, Matthias Troyer, and Peter Zoller for
helpful and motivating discussions. This work was supported by AFOSR
Grant No. FA9550-13-1-0093. Computational resources were provided by the
Center for Simulation and Modeling at the University of Pittsburgh.
NR 92
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
EI 1094-1622
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 13
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 2
AR 023618
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.023618
PG 16
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA AN9TW
UT WOS:000340952700007
ER
PT J
AU Kilbane, D
O'Sullivan, G
Podpaly, YA
Gillaspy, JD
Reader, J
Ralchenko, Y
AF Kilbane, Deirdre
O'Sullivan, Gerald
Podpaly, Yuri A.
Gillaspy, John D.
Reader, Joseph
Ralchenko, Yuri
TI EUV spectra of Rb-like to Ni-like dysprosium ions in an electron beam
ion trap
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS; 4D-4F EMISSION RESONANCES; MANY-BODY
CALCULATIONS; RARE-EARTH IONS; CHARGED CU-LIKE; GA-LIKE IONS;
ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; DENSITY TOKAMAK; ENERGY-LEVELS; ZN
AB Extreme ultraviolet radiation emitted from highly-charged dysprosium ions was measured at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The ions were created, trapped, and excited in an electron beam ion trap (EBIT), and the spectra were recorded with a flat-field grazing-incidence spectrometer in the wavelength range 3 nm to 17 nm. Tuning the electron beam energies between 1.2 keV and 2.0 keV resulted in a selection of Rb-like Dy29+ to Ni-like Dy38+ ions. Identification of strong n = 4-n = 4 transitions was achieved by collisional-radiative modeling of the EBIT plasma. A total of 64 spectral lines were recorded, including 54 new identifications.
C1 [Kilbane, Deirdre; O'Sullivan, Gerald] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Podpaly, Yuri A.; Gillaspy, John D.; Reader, Joseph; Ralchenko, Yuri] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kilbane, D (reprint author), Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland.
EM Yuri.Ralchenko@nist.gov
RI Ralchenko, Yuri/E-9297-2016
OI Ralchenko, Yuri/0000-0003-0083-9554
FU Science Foundation Ireland [07/IN.1/I1771]; Office of Fusion Energy
Sciences of the US Department of Energy
FX This work was supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Principal
Investigator research Grant 07/IN.1/I1771 and in part by the Office of
Fusion Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy. We are grateful
to U. I. Safronova for providing the RMBPT energies from reference [45].
NR 47
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1434-6060
EI 1434-6079
J9 EUR PHYS J D
JI Eur. Phys. J. D
PD AUG 12
PY 2014
VL 68
IS 8
AR 222
DI 10.1140/epjd/e2014-50149-8
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA AN3PF
UT WOS:000340499700005
ER
PT J
AU Chung, ES
Soden, B
Sohn, BJ
Shi, L
AF Chung, Eui-Seok
Soden, Brian
Sohn, B. J.
Shi, Lei
TI Upper-tropospheric moistening in response to anthropogenic warming
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE detection; attribution; long-term monitoring
ID CLIMATE FEEDBACKS; 20TH-CENTURY CLIMATE; TEMPERATURE; TRENDS; HUMIDITY;
VARIABILITY; ATMOSPHERE; MODELS; CMIP5
AB Water vapor in the upper troposphere strongly regulates the strength of water-vapor feedback, which is the primary process for amplifying the response of the climate system to external radiative forcings. Monitoring changes in upper-tropospheric water vapor and scrutinizing the causes of such changes are therefore of great importance for establishing the credibility of model projections of past and future climates. Here, we use coupled ocean-atmosphere model simulations under different climate-forcing scenarios to investigate satellite-observed changes in global-mean upper-tropospheric water vapor. Our analysis demonstrates that the upper-tropospheric moistening observed over the period 1979-2005 cannot be explained by natural causes and results principally from an anthropogenic warming of the climate. By attributing the observed increase directly to human activities, this study verifies the presence of the largest known feedback mechanism for amplifying anthropogenic climate change.
C1 [Chung, Eui-Seok; Soden, Brian] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Sohn, B. J.] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
[Shi, Lei] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
RP Soden, B (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM b.soden@miami.edu
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration Climate Program Office; Korea Meteorological
Administration Research and Development Program [CATER 2012-2061]
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers and the editor for their constructive
and valuable comments, which led to an improved version of the
manuscript. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's
Working Group on Coupled Modeling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we
thank the climate modelling groups (listed in Materials and Methods) for
producing and making available their model output. For CMIP, the US
Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and
Intercomparison provides coordinating support and led development of
software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for
Earth System Science Portals. This research was supported by grants from
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Program Office. B.J.S.
was supported by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and
Development Program under Grant CATER 2012-2061.
NR 30
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 5
U2 40
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD AUG 12
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 32
BP 11636
EP 11641
DI 10.1073/pnas.1409659111
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AM8CQ
UT WOS:000340097900027
PM 25071183
ER
PT J
AU Wu, QZ
Prager, KC
Goldstein, T
Alt, DP
Galloway, RL
Zuerner, RL
Lloyd-Smith, JO
Schwacke, L
AF Wu, Qingzhong
Prager, Katherine C.
Goldstein, Tracey
Alt, David P.
Galloway, Renee L.
Zuerner, Richard L.
Lloyd-Smith, James O.
Schwacke, Lori
TI Development of a real-time PCR for the detection of pathogenic
Leptospira spp. in California sea lions
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea lions; Pathogenic Leptospira spp.; lipL32 gene; Real-time PCR;
Urine; Kidney
ID QUANTITATIVE PCR; IDENTIFICATION; GROWTH; POMONA
AB Several real-time PCR assays are currently used for detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp.; however, few methods have been described for the successful evaluation of clinical urine samples. This study reports a rapid assay for the detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in California sea lions Zalophus californianus using real-time PCR with primers and a probe targeting the lipL32 gene. The PCR assay had high analytic sensitivity-the limit of detection was 3 genome copies per PCR volume using L. interrogans serovar Pomona DNA and 100% analytic specificity; it detected all pathogenic leptospiral serovars tested and none of the non-pathogenic Leptospira species (L. biflexa and L. meyeri serovar Semaranga), the intermediate species L. inadai, or the non-Leptospira pathogens tested. Our assay had an amplification efficiency of 1.00. Comparisons between the real-time PCR assay and culture isolation for detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in urine and kidney tissue samples from California sea lions showed that samples were more often positive by real-time PCR than by culture methods. Inclusion of an internal amplification control in the real-time PCR assay showed no inhibitory effects in PCR negative samples. These studies indicated that our real-time PCR assay has high analytic sensitivity and specificity for the rapid detection of pathogenic Leptospira species in urine and kidney tissue samples.
C1 [Wu, Qingzhong; Schwacke, Lori] Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, NOAA, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Prager, Katherine C.; Lloyd-Smith, James O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Prager, Katherine C.; Lloyd-Smith, James O.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Prager, Katherine C.] Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA.
[Goldstein, Tracey] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Hlth Inst 1, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Alt, David P.; Zuerner, Richard L.] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
[Galloway, Renee L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Zuerner, Richard L.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
RP Wu, QZ (reprint author), Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, NOAA, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM qingzhongwu@yahoo.com
RI Lloyd-Smith, James/K-4080-2012
OI Lloyd-Smith, James/0000-0001-7941-502X
FU NOAA's Oceans and Human Health Initiative; John H. Prescott Marine
Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program; National Science Foundation
[OCE-1335657]; RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate,
Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, National
Institutes of Health
FX We thank Brian Thompson, for providing non-Leptospira bacteria. We also
thank the staff of The Marine Mammal Center in Sausalito, California for
providing the samples from the stranded sea lions; Dr. Robert DeLong and
his group at the National Marine Mammal Laboratory for their
collaboration and assistance in collecting samples from wild-caught,
free-ranging sea lions. This work was performed in part at the
University of California Natural Reserve System Ano Nuevo Island
Reserve. We thank Ano Nuevo State Park rangers for their logistical
support and Rick Hornsby at the National Animal Disease Center for his
excellent technical support. Funding for this research was provided by
NOAA's Oceans and Human Health Initiative, the John H. Prescott Marine
Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program, and the National Science
Foundation (OCE-1335657). K.C.P. and J.L.S. acknowledge financial
support from the RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology
Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and the Fogarty
International Center, National Institutes of Health. This publication
does not constitute an endorsement of any commercial product or intend
to be an opinion beyond scientific or other results obtained by the NOAA
or the ARS.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD AUG 11
PY 2014
VL 110
IS 3
BP 165
EP 172
DI 10.3354/dao02752
PG 8
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA AQ6LI
UT WOS:000342923400001
PM 25114040
ER
PT J
AU Shaw, JM
Nembach, HT
Silva, TJ
AF Shaw, Justin M.
Nembach, Hans T.
Silva, T. J.
TI Resolving the controversy of a possible relationship between
perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and the magnetic damping parameter
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FERROMAGNETIC-RESONANCE LINEWIDTH; MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY;
MICROSCOPIC ORIGIN; THIN-FILMS; MULTILAYERS; RELAXATION; SCATTERING;
CONSTANT; METALS
AB We use broadband ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy to systematically measure the Landau-Lifshitz damping parameter, perpendicular anisotropy, and the orbital moment asymmetry in Co90Fe10/Ni multilayers. No relationship is found between perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and the damping parameter in this material. However, inadequate accounting for inhomogeneous line-width broadening, spin-pumping, and two-magnon scattering could give rise to an apparent relationship between anisotropy and damping. In contrast, the orbital-moment asymmetry and the perpendicular anisotropy are linearly proportional to each other. These results demonstrate a fundamental mechanism by which perpendicular anisotropy can be varied independently of the damping parameter.
C1 [Shaw, Justin M.; Nembach, Hans T.; Silva, T. J.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Shaw, JM (reprint author), NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RI Shaw, Justin/C-1845-2008; Silva, Thomas/C-7605-2013
OI Shaw, Justin/0000-0003-2027-1521; Silva, Thomas/0000-0001-8164-9642
NR 50
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 31
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 11
PY 2014
VL 105
IS 6
AR 062406
DI 10.1063/1.4892532
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AO2WW
UT WOS:000341188700048
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, P
Le, ST
Hou, XX
Zaslavsky, A
Perea, DE
Dayeh, SA
Picraux, ST
AF Zhang, Peng
Le, Son T.
Hou, Xiaoxiao
Zaslavsky, A.
Perea, Daniel E.
Dayeh, Shadi A.
Picraux, S. T.
TI Strong room-temperature negative transconductance in an axial Si/Ge
hetero-nanowire tunneling field-effect transistor
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GATE DIELECTRIC STACKS; DIFFERENTIAL TRANSCONDUCTANCE; 2-DIMENSIONAL
ELECTRONS; QUANTUM-WIRE; SURFACE; ENHANCEMENT; RESISTANCE; SUBBANDS;
DEVICE; FETS
AB We report on room-temperature negative transconductance (NTC) in axial Si/Ge hetero-nanowire tunneling field-effect transistors. The NTC produces a current peak-to-valley ratio >45, a high value for a Si-based device. We characterize the NTC over a range of gate V-G and drain V-D voltages, finding that NTC persists down to V-D = -50 mV. The physical mechanism responsible for the NTC is the V-G-induced depletion in the p-Ge section that eventually reduces the maximum electric field that triggers the tunneling I-D, as confirmed via three-dimensional (3D) technology computer-aided design simulations. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Zhang, Peng; Hou, Xiaoxiao; Zaslavsky, A.] Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Zhang, Peng; Hou, Xiaoxiao; Zaslavsky, A.] Brown Univ, Sch Engn, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Le, Son T.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Perea, Daniel E.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm & Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Dayeh, Shadi A.; Picraux, S. T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Dayeh, Shadi A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
RP Zhang, P (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
RI Perea, Daniel/A-5345-2010
FU NSF [ECCS-1068895, DMR-1203186]; U.S. Department of Energy. Office of
Basic Energy Sciences at Los Alamos National Laboratories
[DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Sandia National Laboratories [DE-AC04-94AL85000];
EMSL; DOE Office of Science User Facility sponsored by the Office of
Biological and Environmental Research at Pacific Noithwest National
Laboratory
FX The work at Brown was supported by the NSF (awards ECCS-1068895 and
DMR-1203186). Hetero-nanovvire epitaxy was performed at the Center for
Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S. Department of Energy. Office of
Basic Energy Sciences user facility at Los Alamos National Laboratories
(Contact No. DE-AC52-06NA25396) and Sandia National Laboratories
(Contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000). We also acknowledge user support from
EMSL, a DOE Office of Science User Facility sponsored by the Office of
Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Noithwest
National Laboratory.
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 25
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 11
PY 2014
VL 105
IS 6
AR 062106
DI 10.1063/1.4892950
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AO2WW
UT WOS:000341188700035
ER
PT J
AU Colombe, Y
Slichter, DH
Wilson, AC
Leibfried, D
Wineland, DJ
AF Colombe, Yves
Slichter, Daniel H.
Wilson, Andrew C.
Leibfried, Dietrich
Wineland, David J.
TI Single-mode optical fiber for high-power, low-loss UV transmission
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTONIC CRYSTAL FIBER; HIGH-PRESSURE HYDROGEN; COLOR-CENTER FORMATION;
OH UNDOPED CORE; LASER RADIATION; SILICA FIBERS; LIGHT; NM; IRRADIATION;
CENTERS
AB We report large-mode-area solid-core photonic crystal fibers made from fused silica that resist ultraviolet (UV) solarization even at relatively high optical powers. Using a process of hydrogen loading and UV irradiation of the fibers, we demonstrate stable single-mode transmission over hundreds of hours for fiber output powers of 10 mW at 280 nm and 125 mW at 313 nm (limited only by the available laser power). Fiber attenuation ranges from 0.9 dB/m to 0.13 dB/m at these wavelengths, and is unaffected by bending for radii above 50 mm. 2014 Optical Society of America
C1 [Colombe, Yves; Slichter, Daniel H.; Wilson, Andrew C.; Leibfried, Dietrich; Wineland, David J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Slichter, DH (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM dhs@nist.gov
RI Slichter, Daniel/A-2870-2013
OI Slichter, Daniel/0000-0002-1228-0631
FU National Research Council fellowship
FX Y.C. initiated hydrogen loading and curing experiments, developed the
collapsing and connectorizing methods, and performed initial experiments
on cured fibers. D.H.S. and A.C.W. developed these methods further and
produced and analyzed the data in this manuscript. D.L. and D.J.W.
supervised all work. D.H.S. wrote the manuscript with input from all
authors. We thank John Gaebler, Robert Jordens, and Alexander Tomashuk
for helpful discussions, Brian Sawyer and David Hume for manuscript
comments, Till Rosenband, Sam Brewer, Jwo-Sy Chen, Kyle McKay, and David
Pappas for the use of their 280 nm laser systems, Brad Sohnlein at NKT
Photonics for technical advice, and the NIST Hydrogen Fuel Materials
Test Facility for performing hydrogen loading of fibers. D.H.S.
acknowledges support from a National Research Council fellowship. This
paper is a contribution of NIST and is not subject to US copyright.
NR 28
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 15
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD AUG 11
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 16
DI 10.1364/OE.22.01914119783
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AN6OL
UT WOS:000340714100088
ER
PT J
AU Amar, FG
Frederick, BG
York, K
Pollock, R
AF Amar, Francois G.
Frederick, Brian G.
York, Kelsie
Pollock, Rachel
TI Modeling the filling of methane in heterogeneous pore networks
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Amar, Francois G.; Frederick, Brian G.; York, Kelsie] Univ Maine, Dept Chem, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Amar, Francois G.; Frederick, Brian G.] Univ Maine, Forest Bioprod Res Inst, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Frederick, Brian G.] Univ Maine, Lab Surface Sci & Technol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Amar, Francois G.] Univ Maine, Honors Coll, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Pollock, Rachel] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM amar@maine.edu
RI Amar, Francois/C-9772-2012
OI Amar, Francois/0000-0002-4193-0576
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 562-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165104096
ER
PT J
AU Anovitz, LM
Bingham, PR
Polsky, Y
Carmichael, JR
Bilheux, HZ
Jacobson, DL
Hussey, DS
AF Anovitz, Lawrence M.
Bingham, Phillip R.
Polsky, Yarom
Carmichael, Justin R.
Bilheux, Hassina Z.
Jacobson, David L.
Hussey, Daniel S.
TI Neutron radiography of fluid flow for energy research
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Anovitz, Lawrence M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Bingham, Phillip R.; Polsky, Yarom] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Elect & Elect Syst Res Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Carmichael, Justin R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Instrument & Source Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Bilheux, Hassina Z.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Jacobson, David L.; Hussey, Daniel S.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM anovitzlm@ornl.gov
RI Bilheux, Hassina/H-4289-2012; Anovitz, Lawrence/P-3144-2016
OI Bilheux, Hassina/0000-0001-8574-2449; Anovitz,
Lawrence/0000-0002-2609-8750
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 615-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165105415
ER
PT J
AU Anovitz, LM
Cole, DR
Rother, G
Littrell, K
Wasbrough, M
Pipich, V
Fu, ZD
Freiburg, JT
AF Anovitz, Lawrence Michael
Cole, David R.
Rother, Gernot
Littrell, Kenneth
Wasbrough, Matthew
Pipich, Vitaliy
Fu, Zhendong
Freiburg, Jared T.
TI (U)SANS and imaging analysis of changes n multiscale porosity in the St.
Peter sandstone with burial diagenesis
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Anovitz, Lawrence Michael; Rother, Gernot] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Cole, David R.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Littrell, Kenneth] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Wasbrough, Matthew] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pipich, Vitaliy; Fu, Zhendong] JCNS FRM II, Garching, Germany.
[Freiburg, Jared T.] Illinois State Geol Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
EM anovitzlm@ornl.gov
RI Rother, Gernot/B-7281-2008; Anovitz, Lawrence/P-3144-2016; Littrell,
Kenneth/D-2106-2013
OI Rother, Gernot/0000-0003-4921-6294; Anovitz,
Lawrence/0000-0002-2609-8750; Littrell, Kenneth/0000-0003-2308-8618
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 70-GEOC
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167400382
ER
PT J
AU Boday, DJ
Beers, KL
AF Boday, Dylan J.
Beers, Kathryn L.
TI Impacting sustainability through polymer chemistry: POLY perspective
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Boday, Dylan J.] IBM Corp, Adv Mat, Tucson, AZ 85744 USA.
[Beers, Kathryn L.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dboday@us.ibm.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 13-CHED
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165102665
ER
PT J
AU Brown, CM
AF Brown, Craig M.
TI Neutron scattering studies of adsorbates in metal-organic frameworks
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM craig.brown@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 614-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165105414
ER
PT J
AU Brown, SS
Edwards, P
Roberts, J
Aikin, K
Banta, R
de Gouw, J
Dube, W
Field, R
Geiger, F
Gilman, J
Helmig, D
Holloway, J
Kercher, J
Koss, A
Langford, A
Lerner, B
Li, R
Li, SM
Martin, R
McLaren, R
Murphy, S
Parrish, D
Peischl, J
Ryerson, T
Senff, C
Soltis, J
Stutz, J
Sweeney, C
Veres, P
Warneke, C
Wild, R
Williams, E
Yuan, B
Young, C
Zamora, R
AF Brown, Steven S.
Edwards, Peter
Roberts, James
Aikin, Kenneth
Banta, Robert
de Gouw, Joost
Dube, William
Field, Robert
Geiger, Frans
Gilman, Jessica
Helmig, Detlev
Holloway, John
Kercher, James
Koss, Abigail
Langford, Andrew
Lerner, Brian
Li, Rui
Li, Shao-Meng
Martin, Randy
McLaren, Robert
Murphy, Shane
Parrish, David
Peischl, Jeff
Ryerson, Thomas
Senff, Christoph
Soltis, Jeff
Stutz, Jochen
Sweeney, Colm
Veres, Patrick
Warneke, Carsten
Wild, Robert
Williams, Eric
Yuan, Bin
Young, Cora
Zamora, Robert
TI Winter ozone photochemistry in an oil and gas producing mountain basin
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Brown, Steven S.; Edwards, Peter; Roberts, James; Aikin, Kenneth; Banta, Robert; de Gouw, Joost; Dube, William; Gilman, Jessica; Holloway, John; Koss, Abigail; Langford, Andrew; Lerner, Brian; Li, Rui; Parrish, David; Peischl, Jeff; Ryerson, Thomas; Senff, Christoph; Sweeney, Colm; Veres, Patrick; Warneke, Carsten; Wild, Robert; Williams, Eric; Yuan, Bin; Young, Cora; Zamora, Robert] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Edwards, Peter; Aikin, Kenneth; de Gouw, Joost; Dube, William; Gilman, Jessica; Holloway, John; Koss, Abigail; Lerner, Brian; Li, Rui; Peischl, Jeff; Senff, Christoph; Sweeney, Colm; Veres, Patrick; Warneke, Carsten; Wild, Robert; Yuan, Bin; Young, Cora] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Field, Robert; Murphy, Shane; Soltis, Jeff] Univ Wyoming, Dept Atmospher Sci, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
[Geiger, Frans] Karlsruher Inst Technol, Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Helmig, Detlev] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kercher, James] Hiram Coll, Dept Chem, Hiram, OH 44234 USA.
[Li, Shao-Meng] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.
[Martin, Randy] Utah State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[McLaren, Robert] York Univ, Ctr Atmospher Chem, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada.
[Stutz, Jochen] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM steven.s.brown@noaa.gov
RI Veres, Patrick/E-7441-2010; Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Warneke,
Carsten/E-7174-2010; Aikin, Kenneth/I-1973-2013
OI Veres, Patrick/0000-0001-7539-353X; Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724;
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 153-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167403757
ER
PT J
AU Burgess, DR
Manion, JA
Babushok, VI
Linteris, GT
AF Burgess, Donald R.
Manion, Jeffrey A.
Babushok, Valerie I.
Linteris, Gregory T.
TI Modeling of 2-bromotrifluoropropene flame inhibition
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Burgess, Donald R.; Manion, Jeffrey A.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Babushok, Valerie I.; Linteris, Gregory T.] NIST, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dburgess@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 631-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165105430
ER
PT J
AU Burgess, DR
AF Burgess, Donald R.
TI Unified modeling language schema for scientific and technical data and
information
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Burgess, Donald R.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dburgess@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 78-CINF
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165103362
ER
PT J
AU Burgess, DR
Manion, JA
Hayes, CJ
AF Burgess, Donald R.
Manion, Jeffrey A.
Hayes, Carrigan J.
TI Data formats for elementary gas phase kinetics: Unique representations
of reactions
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Burgess, Donald R.; Manion, Jeffrey A.] NIST, Chem & Biochem Reference Data Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hayes, Carrigan J.] Otterbein Univ, Dept Chem, Westerville, OH 43081 USA.
EM dburgess@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 58-CINF
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165103342
ER
PT J
AU Carbone, ND
Orski, SV
Beers, KL
White, CC
AF Carbone, Nicholas D.
Orski, Sara V.
Beers, Kathryn L.
White, Christopher C.
TI How FTIR measurements of polymer UV photodegradation correlate with
changes in the molar mass distribution
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Carbone, Nicholas D.; White, Christopher C.] NIST, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20794 USA.
[Orski, Sara V.; Beers, Kathryn L.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20794 USA.
EM nicholas.carbone@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 699-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405807
ER
PT J
AU Carbone, ND
Koberstein, JT
White, CC
AF Carbone, Nicholas D.
Koberstein, Jeffrey T.
White, Christopher C.
TI Modeling UV irradiation induced scission and recombination reactions in
polymers with experimental verification
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Carbone, Nicholas D.; White, Christopher C.] NIST, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20794 USA.
[Koberstein, Jeffrey T.] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA.
EM nicholas.carbone@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 427-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167404780
ER
PT J
AU Chan, EP
Nadermann, NK
Davis, EM
Stafford, CM
AF Chan, Edwin P.
Nadermann, Nichole K.
Davis, Eric M.
Stafford, Christopher M.
TI Structure/property measurements of polymer membranes via poromechanics
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Chan, Edwin P.; Nadermann, Nichole K.; Davis, Eric M.; Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM chris.stafford@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 296-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165105720
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, GJ
Calizo, I
Walker, ARH
AF Cheng, Guangjun
Calizo, Irene
Walker, Angela R. Hight
TI Probing Ni-graphene interface using Raman spectroscopy
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Cheng, Guangjun; Calizo, Irene; Walker, Angela R. Hight] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
EM guangjun.cheng@nist.gov
RI Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009
OI Hight Walker, Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 119-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165103562
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, GJ
Calizo, I
Walker, ARH
AF Cheng, Guangjun
Calizo, Irene
Walker, Angela R. Hight
TI Fe-catalyzed etching of graphene, few-layer graphene, and graphite
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Cheng, Guangjun; Calizo, Irene; Walker, Angela R. Hight] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM guangjun.cheng@nist.gov
RI Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009
OI Hight Walker, Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 227-CATL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165102492
ER
PT J
AU Cziczo, DJ
Murphy, D
Froyd, K
Garimella, S
Ardon-Dryer, K
AF Cziczo, Daniel J.
Murphy, Daniel
Froyd, Karl
Garimella, Sarvesh
Ardon-Dryer, Karin
TI Combining field and laboratory studies of aerosol chemical composition
to understand ice cloud formation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Cziczo, Daniel J.; Garimella, Sarvesh; Ardon-Dryer, Karin] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Murphy, Daniel; Froyd, Karl] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM djcziczo@mit.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 319-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167404043
ER
PT J
AU Davis, AC
Sarathy, MS
AF Davis, Alexander C.
Sarathy, Mani S.
TI Computational study of C2-C4 alkene oxidation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Davis, Alexander C.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sarathy, Mani S.] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Clean Combust Res Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
EM alexander.davis@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 27-AEI
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165100025
ER
PT J
AU Davis, EM
Stafford, CM
Page, KA
AF Davis, Eric M.
Stafford, Christopher M.
Page, Kirt A.
TI Water transport in Nafion thin film membranes using time-resolved
polarization modulation infrared reflection adsorption spectroscopy
(PM-IRRAS)
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Davis, Eric M.; Stafford, Christopher M.; Page, Kirt A.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM eric.davis@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 670-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405781
ER
PT J
AU Deodhar, C
Orski, S
Patton, D
Beers, K
AF Deodhar, Chaitra
Orski, Sara
Patton, Derek
Beers, Kathryn
TI Understanding the copolymerization behavior under controlled radical
surface-initiated polymerization using XPS
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Deodhar, Chaitra; Orski, Sara; Beers, Kathryn] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Patton, Derek] Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
EM chaitra.deodhar@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 406-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405533
ER
PT J
AU Freed, KF
Dudowicz, J
Douglas, JF
AF Freed, Karl F.
Dudowicz, Jacek
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Glass-formation in miscible binary polymer blends
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Freed, Karl F.; Dudowicz, Jacek] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Freed, Karl F.; Dudowicz, Jacek] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM freed@uchicago.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 73-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167404446
ER
PT J
AU Galvin, C
Dimitriou, M
Satija, S
Genzer, J
AF Galvin, Casey
Dimitriou, Michael
Satija, Sushil
Genzer, Jan
TI Water uptake and swelling of weak polyelectrolyte brushes in a humid
environment
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Galvin, Casey; Genzer, Jan] NC State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Dimitriou, Michael; Satija, Sushil] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mdimitriou@exponent.com
RI Galvin, Casey/G-2948-2015
OI Galvin, Casey/0000-0001-7513-276X
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 243-POLY
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405372
ER
PT J
AU Gao, Y
Berciu, C
Nicastro, D
Xu, B
Horkay, F
AF Gao, Yuan
Berciu, Cristina
Nicastro, Daniela
Xu, Bing
Horkay, Ferenc
TI Supramolecular self-assembly for fluorescence imaging inside living
cells
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Gao, Yuan; Horkay, Ferenc] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Gao, Yuan] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Gao, Yuan; Xu, Bing] Brandeis Univ, Dept Chem, Waltham, MA 02453 USA.
[Berciu, Cristina; Nicastro, Daniela] Brandeis Univ, Dept Biol, Waltham, MA 02453 USA.
EM yuan.gao@nih.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 354-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165103782
ER
PT J
AU Gao, Y
Xu, B
Hammouda, B
Douglas, J
Horkay, F
AF Gao, Yuan
Xu, Bing
Hammouda, Boualem
Douglas, Jack
Horkay, Ferenc
TI Mechanism of temperature dependent supramolecular fibrillization of
small molecules
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Gao, Yuan; Horkay, Ferenc] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Gao, Yuan; Hammouda, Boualem; Douglas, Jack] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Gao, Yuan; Xu, Bing] Brandeis Univ, Waltham, MA 02453 USA.
EM yuan.gao@nih.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 174-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165103614
ER
PT J
AU Greenslade, ME
Attwood, AR
AF Greenslade, Margaret E.
Attwood, Alexis R.
TI Enhancement in optical properties of dust upon mixing with dicarboxylic
acids
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Greenslade, Margaret E.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Chem, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Attwood, Alexis R.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Attwood, Alexis R.] NOAA, Boulder, CO USA.
EM margaret.e.greenslade@unh.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 344-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165103772
ER
PT J
AU Gu, XH
Lin, CC
Krommenhoek, P
Ogier, S
Tan, KT
Katz, S
AF Gu, Xiaohong
Lin, Chiao-Chi
Krommenhoek, Peter
Ogier, Stephane
Tan, Kar-Tean
Katz, Sari
TI Accelerated laboratory test and degradation characterization of
polymeric materials used in photoviltaics
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Gu, Xiaohong; Lin, Chiao-Chi; Krommenhoek, Peter; Ogier, Stephane; Tan, Kar-Tean; Katz, Sari] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM xiaohong.gu@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 703-POLY
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405811
ER
PT J
AU Guin, T
Cain, A
Nolen, C
Li, YC
Davis, R
Grunlan, J
AF Guin, Tyler
Cain, Amanda
Nolen, Craig
Li, Yu-Chin
Davis, Rick
Grunlan, Jaime
TI Phosphorous-filled nanobrick wall multilayer thin film eliminates
polyurethane melt dripping and reduces heat release associated with fire
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Guin, Tyler; Cain, Amanda; Nolen, Craig; Grunlan, Jaime] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Li, Yu-Chin; Davis, Rick] NIST, Flammabil Reduct Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM tylerguin@tamu.edu; jgrunlan@tamu.edu
RI Grunlan, Jaime/K-3242-2016
OI Grunlan, Jaime/0000-0001-5241-9741
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 573-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405686
ER
PT J
AU Gygi, D
Bloch, ED
Mason, JA
Queen, WL
Beckner, M
Hudson, MR
Dailly, A
Brown, CM
Long, JR
AF Gygi, David
Bloch, Eric D.
Mason, Jarad A.
Queen, Wendy L.
Beckner, Matthew
Hudson, Matthew R.
Dailly, Anne
Brown, Craig M.
Long, Jeffrey R.
TI Effects of exposed metal cations on high pressure hydrogen storage in
metal-organic frameworks
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Gygi, David; Bloch, Eric D.; Mason, Jarad A.; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hudson, Matthew R.; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Beckner, Matthew; Dailly, Anne] Gen Motors Co, Chem & Environm Sci Lab, Warren, MI 48090 USA.
[Queen, Wendy L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM davidgygi@berkeley.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 206-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167400751
ER
PT J
AU Harvey, AH
Burgess, DR
AF Harvey, Allan H.
Burgess, Donald R.
TI NIST Standard Reference Data and the Solubility Data Series
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Harvey, Allan H.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Burgess, Donald R.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 20899 USA.
EM allan.harvey@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 107-CINF
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165103390
ER
PT J
AU Hecht, S
Spromberg, J
AF Hecht, Scott
Spromberg, Julann
TI Considerations for evaluating endangered species: A regulatory
perspective
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Hecht, Scott] NOAA, NMFS Off Protected Resources, Lacey, WA 98503 USA.
[Spromberg, Julann] NOAA, NMFS Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98122 USA.
EM ScottHecht@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 47-AGRO
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165100420
ER
PT J
AU Heller, S
AF Heller, Stephen
TI InChI & the publication and information chain
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Heller, Stephen] NIST, BMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM steve@hellers.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 88-CINF
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165103371
ER
PT J
AU Heller, S
AF Heller, Stephen
TI InChI project
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Heller, Stephen] NIST, BMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM steve@hellers.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 30-CINF
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165103316
ER
PT J
AU Herring, AM
Nguyen, V
Li, QN
Janarthanan, R
Greenlee, LF
Joglekar, M
Trewyn, BG
AF Herring, Andrew M.
Nguyen, Vinh
Li, Quanning
Janarthanan, Rajeswari
Greenlee, Lauren F.
Joglekar, Madhura
Trewyn, Brian G.
TI Enabling fuel versatility in polymer electrolyte fuel cells with state
of the art anion exchange membranes and/or novel molecular catalysts
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Herring, Andrew M.; Nguyen, Vinh; Li, Quanning; Janarthanan, Rajeswari] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Greenlee, Lauren F.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Joglekar, Madhura; Trewyn, Brian G.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM aherring@mines.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 205-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165105055
ER
PT J
AU Hore, MJA
Hammouda, B
AF Hore, Michael J. A.
Hammouda, Boualem
TI Small-angle neutron scattering from poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) in a
water/ethanol co-nonsolvent mixture
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Hore, Michael J. A.; Hammouda, Boualem] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA.
EM michael.hore@nist.gov
RI Hore, Michael/F-7534-2012
OI Hore, Michael/0000-0003-2571-2111
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 466-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167404812
ER
PT J
AU Hudson, MR
Brown, CM
AF Hudson, Matthew R.
Brown, Craig M.
TI Powder diffraction with in-situ gas dosing under relevant conditions for
industrial separations
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Hudson, Matthew R.; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM matt.hudson@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 917-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167401553
ER
PT J
AU Hulvey, Z
Brown, CM
AF Hulvey, Zeric
Brown, Craig M.
TI Characterization of gas adsorption sites in metal-organic frameworks
using neutron powder diffraction
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Hulvey, Zeric] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hulvey, Zeric; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM zeric.hulvey@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 1009-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167401639
ER
PT J
AU Jacob, A
Kimbrough, K
Johnson, E
Davenport, E
Klapper, R
Neureuther, N
AF Jacob, Annie
Kimbrough, Kimani
Johnson, Ed
Davenport, Erik
Klapper, Rebecca
Neureuther, Nicklaus
TI Contaminant monitoring in the Great Lakes by NOAA Mussel Watch:
Developing an integrated monitoring approach to link exposure and
effects in dreissenid mussels
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Jacob, Annie] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Klapper, Rebecca] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM Annie.Jacob@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 669-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165106212
ER
PT J
AU Kapelewski, MT
Geier, SJ
Hudson, MR
Stuck, D
Mason, JA
Nelson, JN
Xiao, DJ
Hulvey, Z
Gilmour, E
Head-Gordon, M
Fitzgerald, SA
Brown, CM
Long, JR
AF Kapelewski, Matthew T.
Geier, Stephen J.
Hudson, Matthew R.
Stuck, David
Mason, Jarad A.
Nelson, Jocienne N.
Xiao, Dianne J.
Hulvey, Zeric
Gilmour, Elizabeth
Head-Gordon, Martin
Fitzgerald, Stephen A.
Brown, Craig M.
Long, Jeffrey R.
TI Structural isomer of M-2(dobdc) with increased charge density and
stronger H-2 binding at the open metal sites
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Kapelewski, Matthew T.; Geier, Stephen J.; Stuck, David; Mason, Jarad A.; Xiao, Dianne J.; Head-Gordon, Martin; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hudson, Matthew R.; Hulvey, Zeric; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nelson, Jocienne N.; Gilmour, Elizabeth; Fitzgerald, Stephen A.] Oberlin Coll, Dept Phys, Oberlin, OH 44074 USA.
[Hulvey, Zeric] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Head-Gordon, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mtk180@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 62-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167400617
ER
PT J
AU Katz, S
Watson, SS
Gu, XH
AF Katz, Sari
Watson, Stephanie S.
Gu, Xiaohong
TI Using Raman spectroscopy to analyze internal stresses of PV encapsulate
materials during UV degradation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Katz, Sari; Watson, Stephanie S.; Gu, Xiaohong] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sari.katz@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 704-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405812
ER
PT J
AU Lee, S
You, Y
Sierra-Hernandez, MR
de Gouw, J
Koss, AA
Baumann, K
Edgerton, E
AF Lee, Shanhu
You, Yi
Sierra-Hernandez, M. Roxana
de Gouw, Joost
Koss, Abigail Abigail
Baumann, Karsten
Edgerton, Eric
TI Measurements of atmospheric amines and ammonia with a chemical
ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS)
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Lee, Shanhu; You, Yi; Sierra-Hernandez, M. Roxana] Kent State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Kent, OH 44240 USA.
[de Gouw, Joost; Koss, Abigail Abigail] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Baumann, Karsten; Edgerton, Eric] Atmospher Res & Anal Inc, Morrisville Cary, NC USA.
EM slee19@kent.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 490-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165106053
ER
PT J
AU Lin, E
AF Lin, Eric
TI Materials Genome Initiative and polymer science
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Lin, Eric] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
EM eric.lin@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 151-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167404524
ER
PT J
AU May, WE
AF May, Willie E.
TI The mole: Its history, definition, redefinition, and realization
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [May, Willie E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20889 USA.
EM willie.may@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 2-NTS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167402341
ER
PT J
AU Miller, AE
Bee, M
Channell, M
Cvitan, A
Esson, M
Farag, A
Ibeh, T
Kalivas, E
Larco, DM
Mendel, Z
Miles, N
Mody, P
Montanero, C
Schwabacher, J
Sucher, H
Camallonga, JV
Heddleston, JM
Hartings, MR
Fox, DF
Costanzi, S
AF Miller, Abigail E.
Bee, Madeleine
Channell, Megan
Cvitan, Alexander
Esson, Moira
Farag, Andrew
Ibeh, Trisha
Kalivas, Eleni
Larco, Daniel-Mario
Mendel, Zachary
Miles, Nancy
Mody, Puja
Montanero, Carly
Schwabacher, James
Sucher, Helen
Camallonga, Javier Vinals
Heddleston, John M.
Hartings, Matthew R.
Fox, Douglas F.
Costanzi, Stefano
TI Nanoparticles trapped in fibers of unfolded proteins
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Miller, Abigail E.; Bee, Madeleine; Channell, Megan; Cvitan, Alexander; Esson, Moira; Farag, Andrew; Ibeh, Trisha; Kalivas, Eleni; Larco, Daniel-Mario; Mendel, Zachary; Miles, Nancy; Mody, Puja; Montanero, Carly; Schwabacher, James; Sucher, Helen; Camallonga, Javier Vinals; Hartings, Matthew R.; Fox, Douglas F.; Costanzi, Stefano] Amer Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
[Heddleston, John M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM amiller@american.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 141-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165103583
ER
PT J
AU Mukundan, R
Spernjak, D
Wu, G
Hussey, DS
Jacobson, DL
Steinbach, AJ
Borup, RL
Zelenay, P
AF Mukundan, Rangachary
Spernjak, Dusan
Wu, Gang
Hussey, Daniel S.
Jacobson, David L.
Steinbach, Andrew J.
Borup, Rodney L.
Zelenay, Piotr
TI Visualizing water in non-precious metal catalyst-based polymer
electrolyte fuel cells using neutron imaging
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Mukundan, Rangachary; Spernjak, Dusan; Wu, Gang; Borup, Rodney L.; Zelenay, Piotr] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Hussey, Daniel S.; Jacobson, David L.] NIST, NCNR, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Steinbach, Andrew J.] 3M Co, Fuel Cell Components Program, St Paul, MN 55144 USA.
EM mukundan@lanl.gov
RI Wu, Gang/E-8536-2010
OI Wu, Gang/0000-0003-4956-5208
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 509-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165105319
ER
PT J
AU Nadermann, NK
McLeod, KR
Stafford, CM
Tew, GN
Chan, EP
AF Nadermann, Nichole K.
McLeod, Kelly R.
Stafford, Christopher M.
Tew, Gregory N.
Chan, Edwin P.
TI Squeezing transport properties out of click hydrogels
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Nadermann, Nichole K.; Stafford, Christopher M.; Chan, Edwin P.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[McLeod, Kelly R.; Tew, Gregory N.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Polymer Sci & Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM nichole.nadermann@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 247-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405376
ER
PT J
AU Outcalt, S
Gough, RV
Bruno, TJ
AF Outcalt, Stephanie
Gough, Raina V.
Bruno, Thomas J.
TI Compressed-liquid densities of two alternative turbine fuels
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Outcalt, Stephanie; Gough, Raina V.; Bruno, Thomas J.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM outcalt@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 318-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165105155
ER
PT J
AU Page, KA
Davis, EM
Stafford, CM
Dura, J
Yager, K
Kusoglu, A
Kim, J
Soles, CL
AF Page, Kirt A.
Davis, Eric M.
Stafford, Christopher M.
Dura, Jospeh
Yager, Kevin
Kusoglu, Ahmet
Kim, Jenny
Soles, Christopher L.
TI Role of interfaces, chemistry, and morphology on the structure, water
distribution/transport, and physical properties of multicomponent
polyelectrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Page, Kirt A.; Davis, Eric M.; Stafford, Christopher M.; Kim, Jenny; Soles, Christopher L.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Dura, Jospeh] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yager, Kevin] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Kusoglu, Ahmet] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Electrochem Technol Grp, Berkeley, CA USA.
EM kirt.page@nist.gov
RI Yager, Kevin/F-9804-2011
OI Yager, Kevin/0000-0001-7745-2513
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 733-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167406022
ER
PT J
AU Page, KM
Soles, CM
Stafford, CM
AF Page, Kirt M.
Soles, Christopher M.
Stafford, Christopher M.
TI X-ray and neutron studies of the structure, dynamics, and transport
properties of polyelectrolytes for energy applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Page, Kirt M.; Soles, Christopher M.; Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kirt.page@nist.gov; csoles@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 510-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165105320
ER
PT J
AU Phelan, FR
Rosch, TW
Jeong, C
Sun, H
AF Phelan, Frederick R., Jr.
Rosch, Thomas W.
Jeong, Cheol
Sun, Huai
TI Materials genome initiative: Development of a multiscale data
infrastructure for polymers and soft materials
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Phelan, Frederick R., Jr.; Rosch, Thomas W.; Jeong, Cheol] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sun, Huai] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China.
[Sun, Huai] Aeon Technol Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
EM frederick.phelan@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 29-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167404403
ER
PT J
AU Queen, WL
Lee, J
Hudson, MR
Brown, CM
Bloch, ED
Mason, J
Gonzalez, M
Long, JR
AF Queen, Wendy L.
Lee, Jason
Hudson, Matthew R.
Brown, Craig M.
Bloch, Eric D.
Mason, Jarad
Gonzalez, Miguel
Long, Jeffrey R.
TI Unveiling molecular level detail of CO2 adsorption in several extensive
families of metal-organic frameworks
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Queen, Wendy L.; Lee, Jason] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hudson, Matthew R.; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bloch, Eric D.; Mason, Jarad; Gonzalez, Miguel; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM wlqueen@lbl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 613-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165105413
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, JM
Veres, PR
McLaren, R
Kercher, J
Thornton, J
Brown, SB
Edwards, PM
Young, C
Wild, R
Dube, WP
Yuan, B
Warneke, C
de Gouw, J
Bates, T
Quinn, P
Williams, EJ
Holloway, J
Murphy, S
Zamora, R
AF Roberts, James M.
Veres, Patrick R.
McLaren, Robert
Kercher, James
Thornton, Joel
Brown, Steven B.
Edwards, Peter M.
Young, Cora
Wild, Robert
Dube, William P.
Yuan, Bin
Warneke, Carsten
de Gouw, Joost
Bates, Timothy
Quinn, Patricia
Williams, Eric J.
Holloway, John
Murphy, Shane
Zamora, Robert
TI Nitryl chloride (ClNO2) and its chemistry during the Uintah Basin Winter
Ozone Studies
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Roberts, James M.; Veres, Patrick R.; Brown, Steven B.; Edwards, Peter M.; Young, Cora; Wild, Robert; Dube, William P.; Yuan, Bin; Warneke, Carsten; de Gouw, Joost; Williams, Eric J.; Holloway, John; Zamora, Robert] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Veres, Patrick R.; Edwards, Peter M.; Young, Cora; Wild, Robert; Dube, William P.; Yuan, Bin; Warneke, Carsten; de Gouw, Joost; Holloway, John] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[McLaren, Robert] York Univ, Ctr Atmospher Chem, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
[Kercher, James] Hiram Coll, Dept Chem, Hiram, OH 44234 USA.
[Thornton, Joel] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Edwards, Peter M.] Univ York, Dept Chem, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
[Young, Cora] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Chem, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada.
[Bates, Timothy; Quinn, Patricia] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Murphy, Shane] Univ Wyoming, Dept Atmospher Sci, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
EM James.M.Roberts@noaa.gov
RI Veres, Patrick/E-7441-2010; Warneke, Carsten/E-7174-2010
OI Veres, Patrick/0000-0001-7539-353X;
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 421-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165105840
ER
PT J
AU Robertson, JWF
Balijepalli, A
Reiner, JE
Kasianowicz, JJ
AF Robertson, Joseph W. F.
Balijepalli, Arvind
Reiner, Joseph E.
Kasianowicz, John J.
TI Effects of equilibrium chemistry on the selectivity of nanopore
biosensors
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
ID MOLECULE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CHANNEL; DYNAMICS
C1 [Robertson, Joseph W. F.; Kasianowicz, John J.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Balijepalli, Arvind] NIH, Heart Lung & Blood Inst, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Reiner, Joseph E.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23220 USA.
EM joseph.robertson@nist.gov
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 331-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165101770
ER
PT J
AU Soles, CL
Tyagi, M
Runt, J
Winey, K
AF Soles, Christopher L.
Tyagi, Madhusan
Runt, James
Winey, Karen
TI Fast dynamics, structure, and transport in ion containing polymers
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Soles, Christopher L.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tyagi, Madhusan] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Runt, James] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Winey, Karen] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM csoles@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 290-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405418
ER
PT J
AU Strayer, ME
Binz, JM
Tanase, M
Sharma, R
Rioux, RM
Mallouk, TE
AF Strayer, Megan E.
Binz, Jason M.
Tanase, Mihaela
Sharma, Renu
Rioux, Robert M.
Mallouk, Thomas E.
TI Understanding the interface and stabilization of late transition metal
nanoparticles to early transition metal oxide supports
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Strayer, Megan E.; Mallouk, Thomas E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Binz, Jason M.; Rioux, Robert M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Tanase, Mihaela; Sharma, Renu] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tanase, Mihaela] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM strayerme@gmail.com
RI Mallouk, Thomas/K-7391-2012
OI Mallouk, Thomas/0000-0003-4599-4208
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 820-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167400136
ER
PT J
AU Sung, LP
Stanley, D
Rabb, S
Tien, CC
Nguyen, T
Yu, L
AF Sung, Li-Piin
Stanley, Deborah
Rabb, Savelas
Tien, Chun-Chieh
Tinh Nguyen
Yu, Lee
TI Surface degradation and nanoparticle release of nano-SiO2 coatings under
UV radiation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Sung, Li-Piin; Stanley, Deborah; Tien, Chun-Chieh; Tinh Nguyen] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Rabb, Savelas; Yu, Lee] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
EM lipiin@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 697-POLY
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405805
ER
PT J
AU Teng, AP
Nguyen, TB
Crounse, JD
St Clair, JM
Duffey, K
Romer, P
Wooldridge, PJ
Koss, A
Olson, K
Gilman, JB
Lerner, BM
Wild, RJ
Ayres, B
Fry, JL
Brown, SS
Goldstein, AH
de Gouw, J
Cohen, RC
Wennberg, PO
AF Teng, Alexander P.
Nguyen, Tran B.
Crounse, John D.
St Clair, Jason M.
Duffey, Kaitlin
Romer, Paul
Wooldridge, Paul J.
Koss, Abigail
Olson, Kevin
Gilman, Jessica B.
Lerner, Brian M.
Wild, Robert J.
Ayres, Benjamin
Fry, Juliane L.
Brown, Steven S.
Goldstein, Allen H.
de Gouw, Joost
Cohen, Ronald C.
Wennberg, Paul O.
TI Organic nitrate contribution to the oxidized nitrogen budget at the 2013
Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS)
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Teng, Alexander P.; Nguyen, Tran B.; Crounse, John D.; St Clair, Jason M.; Wennberg, Paul O.] CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Duffey, Kaitlin; Romer, Paul; Wooldridge, Paul J.; Cohen, Ronald C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Koss, Abigail; Gilman, Jessica B.; Lerner, Brian M.; Wild, Robert J.; Brown, Steven S.; de Gouw, Joost] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ayres, Benjamin; Fry, Juliane L.] Reed Coll, Dept Chem, Portland, OR 97202 USA.
[Olson, Kevin; Goldstein, Allen H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ateng@caltech.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 487-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165106050
ER
PT J
AU Thornton, JA
Lee, BH
Lopez-Hilfiker, FD
Mohr, C
Gaston, C
D'Ambro, E
Brown, SS
Warneke, C
Graus, M
Gilman, JB
Lerner, BM
Pollack, IB
Peischl, J
Ryerson, TB
Veres, PR
Roberts, JM
Edwards, PM
Min, KE
Aikin, KC
Dube, WP
Liao, J
Welti, A
Middlebrook, AM
Nowak, JB
Neuman, JA
Brioude, J
McKeen, SA
Trainer, MK
de Gouw, J
AF Thornton, Joel A.
Lee, Ben H.
Lopez-Hilfiker, Felipe D.
Mohr, Claudia
Gaston, Cassandra
D'Ambro, Emma
Brown, Steven S.
Warneke, Carsten
Graus, M.
Gilman, Jessica B.
Lerner, Brian M.
Pollack, I. B.
Peischl, J.
Ryerson, T. B.
Veres, Patrick R.
Roberts, J. M.
Edwards, P. M.
Min, K. E.
Aikin, Kenneth C.
Dube, William P.
Liao, J.
Welti, A.
Middlebrook, A. M.
Nowak, J. B.
Neuman, J. A.
Brioude, J.
McKeen, S. A.
Trainer, M. K.
de Gouw, Joost
TI Homogenous and heterogeneous chemistry of nocturnal nitrogen oxides in
high biogenic VOC environments: Implications for NOx removal, halogen
activation, and SOA formation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Thornton, Joel A.; Lee, Ben H.; Lopez-Hilfiker, Felipe D.; Mohr, Claudia; Gaston, Cassandra; D'Ambro, Emma] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Brown, Steven S.; Warneke, Carsten; Graus, M.; Gilman, Jessica B.; Lerner, Brian M.; Pollack, I. B.; Peischl, J.; Ryerson, T. B.; Veres, Patrick R.; Roberts, J. M.; Edwards, P. M.; Min, K. E.; Aikin, Kenneth C.; Dube, William P.; Liao, J.; Welti, A.; Middlebrook, A. M.; Nowak, J. B.; Neuman, J. A.; Brioude, J.; McKeen, S. A.; Trainer, M. K.; de Gouw, Joost] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Warneke, Carsten; Graus, M.; Gilman, Jessica B.; Lerner, Brian M.; Pollack, I. B.; Peischl, J.; Veres, Patrick R.; Edwards, P. M.; Min, K. E.; Aikin, Kenneth C.; Dube, William P.; Liao, J.; Welti, A.; Nowak, J. B.; Neuman, J. A.; Brioude, J.; McKeen, S. A.; Trainer, M. K.; de Gouw, Joost] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
EM thornton@atmos.washington.edu
RI Veres, Patrick/E-7441-2010; Brioude, Jerome/E-4629-2011; Warneke,
Carsten/E-7174-2010; Aikin, Kenneth/I-1973-2013
OI Veres, Patrick/0000-0001-7539-353X;
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 485-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8JN
UT WOS:000349165106048
ER
PT J
AU Vlaisavljevich, B
Mason, JA
Tsivion, E
Hulvey, Z
Brown, CM
Head-Gordon, M
Long, JR
Smit, B
AF Vlaisavljevich, Bess
Mason, Jarad A.
Tsivion, Ehud
Hulvey, Zeric
Brown, Craig M.
Head-Gordon, Martin
Long, Jeffrey R.
Smit, Berend
TI Electronic structure of methane binding in M-HKUST-1 metal organic
frameworks
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Vlaisavljevich, Bess; Smit, Berend] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Mason, Jarad A.; Tsivion, Ehud; Head-Gordon, Martin; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hulvey, Zeric; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM bessvlai@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 955-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167401588
ER
PT J
AU Watson, S
Stanley, D
Redeker, N
AF Watson, Stephanie
Stanley, Deborah
Redeker, Neil
TI Assessment of electrical cable condition monitoring methods
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Watson, Stephanie; Stanley, Deborah; Redeker, Neil] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM stephanie.watson@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 583-POLY
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405696
ER
PT J
AU White, C
Tan, KT
Hunston, D
Pintar, A
Filliben, J
AF White, Christopher
Tan, Kar Tean
Hunston, Don
Pintar, Adam
Filliben, James
TI Prediction of the changes in polymers due to outdoor weathering
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [White, Christopher; Tan, Kar Tean; Hunston, Don; Pintar, Adam; Filliben, James] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20816 USA.
EM christopher.white@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 702-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167405810
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, DJ
Bloch, ED
Mason, JA
Queen, WL
Hudson, MR
Brown, CM
Long, JR
AF Xiao, Dianne J.
Bloch, Eric D.
Mason, Jarad A.
Queen, Wendy L.
Hudson, Matthew R.
Brown, Craig M.
Long, Jeffrey R.
TI Hydrocarbon oxidations using iron metal-organic frameworks
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 248th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY AUG 10-14, 2014
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Xiao, Dianne J.; Bloch, Eric D.; Mason, Jarad A.; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Queen, Wendy L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hudson, Matthew R.; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM djxiao@berkeley.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 248
MA 437-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA CA8KC
UT WOS:000349167401100
ER
PT J
AU Hafs, AW
Harrison, LR
Utz, RM
Dunne, T
AF Hafs, Andrew W.
Harrison, Lee R.
Utz, Ryan M.
Dunne, Thomas
TI Quantifying the role of woody debris in providing bioenergetically
favorable habitat for juvenile salmon
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Large woody debris; Bioenergetics;
Hydrodynamic modeling; Central Valley; Habitat enhancement
ID DRIFT-FEEDING SALMONIDS; CHINOOK SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA;
WASHINGTON STREAMS; FLUVIAL PROCESSES; AQUATIC HABITATS; GROWTH-RATE;
BED STREAM; RIVER; MODEL
AB The habitat complexity of a riverine ecosystem influences the bioenergetics of drift feeding fish. We coupled hydrodynamic and bioenergetic models to assess the influence of habitat complexity generated by large woody debris (LWD) on the growth potential of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in a river that lacked large wood. Simulations indicated how LWD diversified the flow field, creating pronounced velocity gradients, which enhanced fish feeding and resting activities at the sub-meter scale. Fluid drag created by individual wood structures increased under higher wood loading amounts, leading to a 5-19% reduction in the reach-averaged velocity. The reach-scale growth potential was asymptotically related to wood loading, suggesting that the river became saturated with LWD and additional loading would produce minimal benefit for the configurations we simulated. In the scenario we analyzed for illustration, LWD additions could quadruple the potential growth area available before that limit was reached for the configurations selected for demonstration. Wood depletion in the world's rivers has been documented extensively, leading to widespread attempts by river managers to reverse this trend by adding wood to simplified aquatic habitats. However, systematic prediction of the effects of wood on fish growth has not been previously accomplished. We offer a quantitative approach for assessing the influence of wood on habitat potential for fish growth at the microhabitat and reach-scales. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hafs, Andrew W.] Bemidji State Univ, Dept Aquat Biol, Bemidji, MN 56601 USA.
[Harrison, Lee R.] NOAA Fisheries, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Utz, Ryan M.] Natl Ecol Observ Network, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Hafs, Andrew W.; Dunne, Thomas] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Hafs, AW (reprint author), Bemidji State Univ, Dept Aquat Biol, Bemidji, MN 56601 USA.
EM ahafs@bemidjistate.edu; lee.harrison@noaa.gov; rutz@neoninc.org;
tdunne@bren.ucsb.edu
OI Harrison, Lee/0000-0002-5219-9280
FU Delta Stewardship Council, Delta Science Program [U-05-SC-058]
FX This project was funded by the Delta Stewardship Council, Delta Science
Program (grant no. U-05-SC-058). The suggestion to analyze the potential
for improving habitat by adding structure to a simplified channel was
first made to us by Fred P. Jurick of the California Department of Fish
and Game. Kevin Faulkenberry and David Encinas of the California
Department of Water Resources assisted with hydraulic information about
the MRSHEP channel reach. We are grateful to Bruce Kendall, Steve
Lindley, John Melack, and John Sabo for providing comments that improved
this manuscript.
NR 63
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 6
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 285
BP 30
EP 38
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.04.015
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AJ7NL
UT WOS:000337883300004
ER
PT J
AU Punt, AE
Poljak, D
Dalton, MG
Foy, RJ
AF Punt, Andre E.
Poljak, Dusanka
Dalton, Michael G.
Foy, Robert J.
TI Evaluating the impact of ocean acidification on fishery yields and
profits: The example of red king crab in Bristol Bay
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE MSY; MEY; North Pacific; Ocean acidification; Red king crab
ID PARALITHODES-CAMTSCHATICUS; CARBON; CO2; MANAGEMENT; RESPONSES;
ECOSYSTEM; GROWTH; ALASKA
AB A stage-structured pre-recruit model was developed to capture hypotheses regarding the impact of ocean acidification on the survival of pre-recruit crab. The model was parameterized using life history and survival data for red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) derived from experiments conducted at the National Marine Fisheries Service Kodiak laboratory. A parameterized pre-recruit model was linked to a post-recruit population dynamics model for adult male red king crab in Bristol Bay, Alaska that included commercial fishery harvest. This coupled population dynamics model was integrated with a bioeconomic model of commercial fishing sector profits to forecast how the impacts of ocean acidification on the survival of pre-recruit red king crab will affect yields and profits for the Bristol Bay red king crab fishery for a scenario that includes future ocean pH levels predictions. Expected yields and profits were projected to decline over the next 50-100 years in this scenario given reductions in pre-recruit survival due to decreasing ocean pH levels over time. The target fishing mortality used to provide management advice based on the current harvest policy for Bristol Bay red king crab also declined over time in response to declining survival rates. However, the impacts of ocean acidification due to reduced pre-recruit survival on yield and profits are likely to be limited for the next 10-20 years, and its effects will likely be masked by natural variation in pre-recruit survival. This analysis is an initial step toward a fully integrated understanding of the impact of ocean acidification on fishery yields and profits, and could be used to focus future research efforts. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Punt, Andre E.; Poljak, Dusanka] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Dalton, Michael G.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Foy, Robert J.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Kodiak Lab, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
RP Punt, AE (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM aepunt@uw.edu
RI Poljak, Dragan/E-5951-2017
OI Poljak, Dragan/0000-0003-1205-4842
FU NOAA
FX AEP and DP were supported by NOAA through the NOAA Ocean Acidification
Program. Martin Dorn (AFSC, NOAA), the editor and two anonymous
reviewers are thanked for their comments on an earlier version of this
paper. The findings and conclusions in the paper are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National
Marine Fisheries Service.
NR 37
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 6
U2 75
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD AUG 10
PY 2014
VL 285
BP 39
EP 53
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.04.017
PG 15
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AJ7NL
UT WOS:000337883300005
ER
PT J
AU Hawks, SA
Aguirre, JC
Schelhas, LT
Thompson, RJ
Huber, RC
Ferreira, AS
Zhang, GY
Herzing, AA
Tolbert, SH
Schwartz, BJ
AF Hawks, Steven A.
Aguirre, Jordan C.
Schelhas, Laura T.
Thompson, Robert J.
Huber, Rachel C.
Ferreira, Amy S.
Zhang, Guangye
Herzing, Andrew A.
Tolbert, Sarah H.
Schwartz, Benjamin J.
TI Comparing Matched Polymer:Fullerene Solar Cells Made by
Solution-Sequential Processing and Traditional Blend Casting: Nanoscale
Structure and Device Performance
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID OPEN-CIRCUIT VOLTAGE; EXTERNAL QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; POWER CONVERSION
EFFICIENCY; VERTICAL PHASE-SEPARATION; BULK HETEROJUNCTION; ORGANIC
PHOTOVOLTAICS; SELF-ORGANIZATION; FILL FACTOR; POLYMER; BILAYER
AB Polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell active layers can be created by traditional blend casting (BC), where the components are mixed together in solution before deposition, or by sequential processing (SqP), where the pure polymer and fullerene materials are cast sequentially from different solutions. Presently, however, the relative merits of SqP as compared to BC are not fully understood because there has yet to be an equivalent (composition- and thickness-matched layer) comparison between the two processing techniques. The main reason why matched SqP and BC devices have not been compared is because the composition of SqP active layers has not been accurately known. In this paper, we present a novel technique for accurately measuring the polymer:fullerene film composition in SqP active layers, which allows us to make the first comparisons between rigorously composition- and thickness-matched BHJ organic solar cells made by SqP and traditional BC. We discover that, in optimal photovoltaic devices, SqP active layers have a very similar composition as their optimized BC counterparts (approximate to 44-50 mass % PCBM). We then present a thorough investigation of the morphological and device properties of thickness- and composition-matched P3HT:PCBM SqP and BC active layers in order to better understand the advantages and drawbacks of both processing approaches. For our matched devices, we find that small-area SqP cells perform better than BC cells due to both superior film quality and enhanced optical absorption from more crystalline P3HT. The enhanced film quality of SqP active layers also results in higher performance and significantly better reproducibility in larger-area devices, indicating that SqP is more amenable to scaling than the traditional BC approach. X-ray diffraction, UV vis absorption, and energy-filtered transmission electron tomography collectively show that annealed SqP active layers have a finer-scale blend morphology and more crystalline polymer and fullerene domains when compared to equivalently processed BC active layers. Charge extraction by linearly increasing voltage (CELIV) measurements, combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, also show that the top (nonsubstrate) interface for SqP films is slightly richer in PCBM compared to matched BC active layers. Despite these clear differences in bulk and vertical morphology, transient photovoltage, transient photocurrent, and subgap external quantum efficiency measurements all indicate that the interfacial electronic processes occurring at P3HT:PCBM heterojunctions are essentially identical in matched-annealed SqP and BC active layers, suggesting that device physics are surprisingly robust with respect to the details of the BHJ morphology.
C1 [Hawks, Steven A.; Tolbert, Sarah H.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Aguirre, Jordan C.; Schelhas, Laura T.; Thompson, Robert J.; Huber, Rachel C.; Ferreira, Amy S.; Zhang, Guangye; Tolbert, Sarah H.; Schwartz, Benjamin J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Tolbert, Sarah H.; Schwartz, Benjamin J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Calif NanoSyst Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Herzing, Andrew A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tolbert, SH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM tolbert@chem.ucla.edu; schwartz@chem.ucla.edu
RI Tolbert, Sarah/L-2321-2016;
OI Schwartz, Benjamin/0000-0003-3257-9152
FU NSF IGERT: The Materials Creation Training Program (MCTP) [DGE-0654431];
Clean Green IGERT (CGI), an energy-based NSF IGERT program
[DGE-0903720]; Molecularly Engineered Energy Materials (MEEM), an Energy
Frontier Research Center - US Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001342]; National Science
foundation [NSF CHE-1112569]; NSF [0840531]; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515]
FX S.A.H, J.C.A, and R.J.T. acknowledge support from an NSF IGERT: The
Materials Creation Training Program (MCTP), DGE-0654431, and A.S.F.
acknowledges support from The Clean Green IGERT (CGI), an energy-based
NSF IGERT program (DGE-0903720). This research also was supported as
part of the Molecularly Engineered Energy Materials (MEEM), an Energy
Frontier Research Center funded by the US Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Award DE-SC0001342
(device studies, X-ray diffraction, electron energy loss TEM, transient
current and voltage measurements, subgap EQE measurements, and
manuscript preparation) and by the National Science foundation under
Grant NSF CHE-1112569 (XPS, compositional studies, CW spectroscopy, and
manuscript preparation). The XPS instrument used in this work was
obtained with support from the NSF, Award 0840531. The X-ray diffraction
studies presented in this manuscript were carried out at the Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. Use of the Stanford Synchrotron
Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, is
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. The authors are
also grateful to R. A. Street (PARC) for helpful discussions and aid
with subgap EQE measurements.
NR 89
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 53
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD AUG 7
PY 2014
VL 118
IS 31
BP 17413
EP 17425
DI 10.1021/jp504560r
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AM9SW
UT WOS:000340222300027
ER
PT J
AU Verdal, N
Udovic, TJ
Stavila, V
Tang, WS
Rush, JJ
Skripov, AV
AF Verdal, Nina
Udovic, Terrence J.
Stavila, Vitalie
Tang, Wan Si
Rush, John J.
Skripov, Alexander V.
TI Anion Reorientations in the Superionic Conducting Phase of Na2B12H12
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLVENT-FREE SYNTHESIS; LI2B12H12; NA; DECOMPOSITION; DESORPTION;
SCATTERING; STABILITY; SYSTEM
AB Quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) methods were used to characterize the reorientational dynamics of the dodecahydro-closo-dodecaborate (B12H122-) anions in the high-temperature, superionic conducting phase of Na2B12H12. The icosahedral anions in this disordered cubic phase were found to undergo rapid reorientational motions, on the order of 10(11) jumps s(-1) above 530 K, consistent with previous NMR measurements and neutron elastic-scattering fixed-window scans. QENS measurements as a function of the neutron momentum transfer suggest a reorientational mechanism dominated by small-angle jumps around a single axis. The results show a relatively low activation energy for reorientation of 259 meV (25 kJ mol(-1)).
C1 [Verdal, Nina; Udovic, Terrence J.; Tang, Wan Si; Rush, John J.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Verdal, Nina; Tang, Wan Si; Rush, John J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Stavila, Vitalie] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Skripov, Alexander V.] Russian Acad Sci, Ural Branch, Inst Met Phys, Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia.
RP Verdal, N (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Skripov, Alexander/K-4525-2013
OI Skripov, Alexander/0000-0002-0610-5538
FU DOE EERE [DE-EE0002978, DE-AI-01-05EE11104, DE-AC04-94AL85000]; Russian
Foundation for Basic Research [12-03-00078]; U.S. Civilian Research &
Development Foundation (CRDF Global) [RUP1-7076-EK-12]; National Science
Foundation [OISE-9531011, DMR-0944772]
FX This work was partially supported by the DOE EERE through Grant Nos.
DE-EE0002978, DE-AI-01-05EE11104, and DE-AC04-94AL85000 and by the
Russian Foundation for Basic Research under Grant No. 12-03-00078, the
U.S. Civilian Research & Development Foundation (CRDF Global) under
Award No. RUP1-7076-EK-12 and the National Science Foundation under
Cooperative Agreement No. OISE-9531011. This work utilized facilities
supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement
DMR-0944772.
NR 27
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 24
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD AUG 7
PY 2014
VL 118
IS 31
BP 17483
EP 17489
DI 10.1021/jp506252c
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AM9SW
UT WOS:000340222300034
ER
PT J
AU Pollock, RA
Her, JH
Brown, CM
Liu, Y
Dailly, A
AF Pollock, Rachel A.
Her, Jae-Hyuk
Brown, Craig M.
Liu, Yun
Dailly, Anne
TI Kinetic Trapping of D-2 in MIL-53(Al) Observed Using Neutron Scattering
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; POROUS
COORDINATION POLYMER; RAY-POWDER DIFFRACTION; HIGH METHANE UPTAKE;
CARBON-DIOXIDE; GAS-ADSORPTION; HYDROGEN ADSORPTION; HYDROCARBON
ADSORPTION; STRUCTURAL TRANSITION
AB We have studied gas adsorption effects on the structure of a metal-organic framework, MIL-53(Al), a material well-known because of the controllable framework "breathing" phenomenon. Neutron powder diffraction between 4 and 77 K and up to 4.5 bar pressure D-2 confirms that a structural phase transition is responsible for the observed H-2/D-2 isotherm hysteresis at 77 K. We find two crystallographically distinct D-2 adsorption sites in MIL-53(Al) when the pores are fully opened, similar to those reported for D-2 in MIL-53(Cr), but in contrast with the previously published cases of CO2 and H2O. Upon desorption of D-2 at 77 K, we find strong evidence for the existence of D-2 molecules kinetically trapped in the center of the closed pore of MIL-53(Al). This "molecular clamp" appears to be functional until approximate to 1120 K, the temperature at which the D-2 eventually desorbs under dynamic vacuum. Hydrogen diffusion constants calculated using quasielastic neutron scattering data collected along the isotherm are also consistent with H-2 being trapped in the closed pore structure. Diffraction experiments performed with N-2 and He gases under similar conditions show the range of structural response from immediate pore opening at low N-2 pressures (<1 bar) to no observable effect at 10 bar He.
C1 [Pollock, Rachel A.; Her, Jae-Hyuk; Brown, Craig M.; Liu, Yun] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pollock, Rachel A.; Her, Jae-Hyuk] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.; Liu, Yun] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Dailly, Anne] Gen Motors, Global Res & Dev, Warren, MI 48090 USA.
RP Brown, CM (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM craig.brown@nist.gov
RI Liu, Yun/F-6516-2012; Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009
OI Liu, Yun/0000-0002-0944-3153; Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy within the Hydrogen Sorption Center of Excellence; National
Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]
FX This work was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy within the Hydrogen
Sorption Center of Excellence. This work utilized facilities supported
in part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement DMR-0944772.
We thank M.R. Hudson for comments concerning this manuscript.
NR 87
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U1 3
U2 26
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD AUG 7
PY 2014
VL 118
IS 31
BP 18197
EP 18206
DI 10.1021/jp504870n
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AM9SW
UT WOS:000340222300115
ER
PT J
AU Sprague, MK
Irikura, KK
AF Sprague, Matthew K.
Irikura, Karl K.
TI Quantitative estimation of uncertainties from wavefunction diagnostics
SO THEORETICAL CHEMISTRY ACCOUNTS
LA English
DT Article
DE T1; D1; %TAE[(T)]; Atomization energy; Non-dynamical correlation;
Thermochemistry
ID COUPLED-CLUSTER; THERMOCHEMICAL KINETICS; AB-INITIO;
ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; CORRELATION ENERGIES; DENSITY FUNCTIONALS;
DIPOLE-MOMENTS; MOLECULES; QUALITY; MODEL
AB Coupled-cluster calculations with large basis sets are used widely to make predictions of gas-phase thermochemistry. Wavefunction diagnostics are sometimes used to indicate whether or not there is problematic multireference character that may cause errors. Here, we investigate whether existing diagnostics, as well as diagnostics proposed by us, can be used to estimate these errors quantitatively. We calculate the atomization energy of 50 molecules, including known multireference molecules such as CN, C-2, O-3, ortho-benzyne, formaldehyde oxide, and hydrogen trioxy radical. In addition to the c(0)(2), T-1, D-1, and %TAE[(T)] diagnostics, we assess the Hartree-Fock HOMO-LUMO gap, maximum occupation number defect, first vertical excitation energy, a direct estimate of multireference effects, and combinations of diagnostics as indicators of errant thermochemistry.
C1 [Sprague, Matthew K.; Irikura, Karl K.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Irikura, KK (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM matthew.sprague@nist.gov; karl.irikura@nist.gov
OI Sprague, Matthew/0000-0002-3526-7077
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology
FX This research was performed while MKS held a National Research Council
Research Associateship Award at the National Institute of Standards and
Technology. We thank the anonymous reviewers for copious suggestions and
patience, and Drs. Russell D. Johnson III, Thomas C. Allison, and Yamil
Simon for helpful discussions and comments on the manuscript.
NR 68
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Z9 5
U1 3
U2 30
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-881X
EI 1432-2234
J9 THEOR CHEM ACC
JI Theor. Chem. Acc.
PD AUG 7
PY 2014
VL 133
IS 9
AR 1544
DI 10.1007/s00214-014-1544-z
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA AN3KL
UT WOS:000340486400001
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, AC
Colombe, Y
Brown, KR
Knill, E
Leibfried, D
Wineland, DJ
AF Wilson, A. C.
Colombe, Y.
Brown, K. R.
Knill, E.
Leibfried, D.
Wineland, D. J.
TI Tunable spin-spin interactions and entanglement of ions in separate
potential wells
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM SIMULATION; TRAPPED IONS; COMPUTERS; PHYSICS
AB Quantum simulation(1,2)-the use of one quantum system to simulate a less controllable one-may provide an understanding of the many quantum systems which cannot be modelled using classical computers. Considerable progress in control and manipulation has been achieved for various quantum systems(3-5), but one of the remaining challenges is the implementation of scalable devices. In this regard, individual ions trapped in separate tunable potential wells are promising(6-8). Here we implement the basic features of this approach and demonstrate deterministic tuning of the Coulomb interaction between two ions, independently controlling their local wells. The scheme is suitable for emulating a range of spin-spin interactions, but to characterize the performance of our set-up we select one that entangles the internal states of the two ions with a fidelity of 0.82(1) (the digit inparentheses shows the standard error of the mean). Extension of this building block to a two-dimensional network, which is possible using ion-trap microfabrication processes(9), may provide a new quantum simulator architecture with broad flexibility in designing and scaling the arrangement of ions and their mutual interactions. To perform useful quantum simulations, including those of condensed-matter phenomena such as the fractional quantum Hall effect, an array of tens of ions might be sufficient(4,10,11).
C1 [Wilson, A. C.; Colombe, Y.; Knill, E.; Leibfried, D.; Wineland, D. J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Brown, K. R.] Georgia Tech Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Wilson, AC (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM andrew.wilson@nist.gov
FU Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), Intelligence
Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA); ONR; NIST Quantum
Information Program
FX We thank K. McCormick, A. Keith and D. Allcock for comments on the
manuscript. This research was funded by the Office of the Director of
National Intelligence (ODNI), Intelligence Advanced Research Projects
Activity (IARPA), ONR, and the NIST Quantum Information Program. All
statements of fact, opinion or conclusions contained herein are those of
the authors and should not be construed as representing the official
views or policies of IARPA or the ODNI. This work, a submission of NIST,
is not subject to US copyright.
NR 39
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 33
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD AUG 7
PY 2014
VL 512
IS 7512
BP 57
EP +
DI 10.1038/nature13565
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AM5NX
UT WOS:000339908000030
PM 25100480
ER
PT J
AU Massillon-JL, G
Cabrera-Santiago, A
Minniti, R
O'Brien, M
Soares, CG
AF Massillon-JL, G.
Cabrera-Santiago, A.
Minniti, R.
O'Brien, M.
Soares, C. G.
TI Influence of phantom materials on the energy dependence of LiF: Mg, Ti
thermoluminescent dosimeters exposed to 20-300 kV narrow x-ray spectra,
Cs-137 and Co-60 photons
SO PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE low-energy X-rays; TLD-100; relative efficiency; LET; dose from
diagnostic; brachytherapy source; Monte Carlo simulation
ID GAMMA-RAYS; BEAMS; TLD-100; SUPRALINEARITY; BRACHYTHERAPY; RADIOTHERAPY;
RANGE; AUDIT; WATER; FIELD
AB LiF: Mg, Ti, are widely used to estimate absorbed-dose received by patients during diagnostic or medical treatment. Conveniently, measurements are usually made in plastic phantoms. However, experimental conditions vary from one group to another and consequently, a lack of consensus data exists for the energy dependence of thermoluminescent (TL) response. This work investigated the energy dependence of TLD-100 TL-response and the effect of irradiating the dosimeters in different phantom materials for a broad range of energy photons in an attempt to understand the parameters that affect the discrepancies reported by various research groups. TLD-100s were exposed to 20-300 kV narrow x-ray spectra, Cs-137 and Co-60 photons. Measurements were performed in air, PMMA, wt1, polystyrene and TLDS as surrounding material. Total air-kerma values delivered were between 50 and 150 mGy for x-rays and 50 mGy for Cs-137 and Co-60 beams; each dosimeter was irradiated individually. Relative response, R, defined as the TL-response per air-kerma and relative efficiency, RE, described as the TL-response per absorbed-dose (obtained through Monte Carlo (MC) and analytically) were used to describe the TL-response. Both R and RE are normalized to the responses in a Co-60 beam. The results indicate that the use of different phantom materials affects the TL-response and this response varies with energy and material type. MC simulations reproduced qualitatively the experimental data: a) R increases, reaches a maximum at similar to 25 keV and decreases; b) RE decreases, down to a minimum at similar to 60 keV, increases to a maximum at similar to 150 keV and after decreases. Independent of the phantom materials, RE strongly depends on how the absorbed dose is evaluated and the discrepancies between RE evaluated analytically and by MC simulation are around 4% and 18%, dependent on the photon energy. The comparison between our results and that reported in the literature suggests that the discrepancy observed between different research groups appears to be most likely related to supralinearity effect, phantom materials, difference on the energy-spectra and geometry conditions during each experiment rather than parameters such as heating-rate or annealing procedure, which was supported by MC simulation. From the results obtained in this work and the strict analysis performed, we can conclude that for clinical applications of TLD-100, special attention must be taken when published data are used to convert TL calibration curve from Co-60 to low-energy photons. Otherwise, this can lead to incorrect results when later used to measure absorbed dose in human tissue.
C1 [Massillon-JL, G.; Cabrera-Santiago, A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 01000, DF, Mexico.
[Minniti, R.; O'Brien, M.; Soares, C. G.] NIST, Ionizing Radiat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Massillon-JL, G (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City 01000, DF, Mexico.
EM massillon@fisica.unam.mx
FU DGAPA-UNAM [IN105813]; Conacyt [127409]
FX This work was partially supported by DGAPA-UNAM grant IN105813 and
Conacyt grant 127409. We want to thank Jason Walia from the Radiation
Physics Divison at NIST for his valuable comments on reviewing the
manuscript.
NR 34
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U1 1
U2 10
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-9155
EI 1361-6560
J9 PHYS MED BIOL
JI Phys. Med. Biol.
PD AUG 7
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 15
BP 4149
EP 4166
DI 10.1088/0031-9155/59/15/4149
PG 18
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA AM7OI
UT WOS:000340056800011
PM 25004055
ER
PT J
AU Kobayashi, DR
Farman, R
Polovina, JJ
Parker, DM
Rice, M
Balazs, GH
AF Kobayashi, Donald R.
Farman, Richard
Polovina, Jeffrey J.
Parker, Denise M.
Rice, Marc
Balazs, George H.
TI "Going with the Flow'' or Not: Evidence of Positive Rheotaxis in Oceanic
Juvenile Loggerhead Turtles (Caretta caretta) in the South Pacific Ocean
Using Satellite Tags and Ocean Circulation Data
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL NORTH PACIFIC; OLIVACEA SEA-TURTLES; ORIENTATION; MOVEMENT;
BEHAVIOR; CURRENTS; HABITAT; DESIGN; MODEL
AB The movement of juvenile loggerhead turtles (n = 42) out-fitted with satellite tags and released in oceanic waters off New Caledonia was examined and compared with ocean circulation data. Merging of the daily turtle movement data with drifter buoy movements, OSCAR (Ocean Surface Current Analyses - Real time) circulation data, and three different vertical strata (05 m, 0-40 m, 0-100 m) of HYCOM (HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model) circulation data indicated the turtles were swimming against the prevailing current in a statistically significant pattern. This was not an artifact of prevailing directions of current and swimming, nor was it an artifact of frictional slippage. Generalized additive modeling was used to decompose the pattern of swimming into spatial and temporal components. The findings are indicative of a positive rheotaxis whereby an organism is able to detect the current flow and orient itself to swim into the current flow direction or otherwise slow down its movement. Potential mechanisms for the means and adaptive significance of rheotaxis in oceanic juvenile loggerhead turtles are discussed.
C1 [Kobayashi, Donald R.; Polovina, Jeffrey J.; Balazs, George H.] NOAA, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[Farman, Richard] Aquarium Lagons, Noumea, New Caledonia.
[Parker, Denise M.] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Newport, OR USA.
[Rice, Marc] Hawaii Preparatory Acad, Kamuela, HI USA.
RP Kobayashi, DR (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
EM Donald.Kobayashi@noaa.gov
FU United States government to National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration
FX The funders were base funding and add-on funding from the United States
government to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 45
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U1 0
U2 17
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 6
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 8
AR e103701
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0103701
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AM6SM
UT WOS:000339995100025
PM 25098694
ER
PT J
AU Brent, LC
Reiner, JL
Dickerson, RR
Sander, LC
AF Brent, Lacey C.
Reiner, Jessica L.
Dickerson, Russell R.
Sander, Lane C.
TI Method for Characterization of Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids in
Atmospheric Aerosols Using Ion Chromatography Mass Spectrometry
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS;
SEASONAL-VARIATION; AIR-POLLUTION; IDENTIFICATION; PHOTOOXIDATION;
CHAMBER; VALLEY; PHASE
AB The structural composition of PM2.5 monitored in the atmosphere is usually divided by the analysis of organic carbon, black (also called elemental) carbon, and inorganic salts. The characterization of the chemical composition of aerosols represents a significant challenge to analysts, and studies are frequently limited to determination of aerosol bulk properties. To better understand the potential health effects and combined interactions of components in aerosols, a variety of measurement techniques for individual analytes in PM2.5 need to be implemented. The method developed here for the measurement of organic acids achieves class separation of aliphatic monoacids, aliphatic diacids, aromatic acids, and polyacids. The selective ion monitoring capability of a triple quadropole mass analyzer was frequently capable of overcoming instances of incomplete separations. Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1649b Urban Dust was characterized; 34 organic acids were qualitatively identified, and 6 organic acids were quantified.
C1 [Brent, Lacey C.; Reiner, Jessica L.; Dickerson, Russell R.; Sander, Lane C.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Brent, LC (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lbrent@nist.gov
RI Dickerson, Russell/F-2857-2010
OI Dickerson, Russell/0000-0003-0206-3083
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 6
U2 34
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD AUG 5
PY 2014
VL 86
IS 15
BP 7328
EP 7336
DI 10.1021/ac403937e
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA AM7XD
UT WOS:000340081100029
PM 24967907
ER
PT J
AU Ragland, JM
Liebert, D
Wirth, E
AF Ragland, Jared M.
Liebert, Daniel
Wirth, Edward
TI Using Procedural Blanks to Generate Analyte-Specific Limits of Detection
for Persistent Organic Pollutants Based on GC-MS Analysis
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTIFICATION LIMITS; ANALYTICAL-CHEMISTRY; CALIBRATION; STATISTICS;
DRUGS
AB Several methods are used to generate a limit of detection for organic pollutants measured by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS); all have theoretical and practical drawbacks. The current project investigated two common existing methods (statistical and empirical) for applicability to chromatographic properties from real samples, comparing these with a new proposed method using procedural blanks to estimate a minimum detectable peak area. Weaknesses of all three methods are discussed. The proposed method was superior to other examined methods in that it provided analyte-specific limits of detection linked to the recovery of mass-labeled internal standards for every analyte within every sample. Other identified quality assurance benefits included the following: enhanced protection against false positives; providing a sensitivity performance metric across batch, analyst, and instrument; enabling chemists with discretionary decisions specific to every analyte regarding detectability and interferences; and some strengths of both statistical and empirical techniques without major drawbacks of either. In marine sediment samples, the proposed method of calculating the limit of detection increased reporting of trace level (low- to subppb) GC-MS data for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by up to 400% compared with the statistical method.
C1 [Ragland, Jared M.] JHT Inc, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA.
[Liebert, Daniel] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Wirth, Edward] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Res Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Ragland, JM (reprint author), NIST, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM jaredragland@gmail.com
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 31
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD AUG 5
PY 2014
VL 86
IS 15
BP 7696
EP 7704
DI 10.1021/ac501615n
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA AM7XD
UT WOS:000340081100077
PM 25007285
ER
PT J
AU Forbes, TP
Sisco, E
AF Forbes, Thomas P.
Sisco, Edward
TI Mass Spectrometry Detection and Imaging of Inorganic and Organic
Explosive Device Signatures Using Desorption Electro-Flow Focusing
Ionization
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK POWDER; METAL-IONS; GAS-PHASE; IDENTIFICATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY;
VALIDATION; SURFACES; RDDS; MS
AB We demonstrate the coupling of desorption electro-flow focusing ionization (DEFFI) with in-source collision induced dissociation (CID)) for the mass spectrometric (MS) detection and imaging of explosive device components, including both inorganic and organic explosives and energetic materials. We utilize in-source CID to enhance ion collisions with atmospheric gas, thereby reducing adducts and minimizing organic contaminants. Optimization of the MS signal response as a function of in-source CID potential demonstrated contrasting trends for the detection of inorganic and organic explosive device components. DEFFI-MS and in-source CID enabled isotopic and molecular speciation of inorganic components, providing further physicochemical information. The developed system facilitated the direct detection and chemical mapping of trace analytes collected with Nomex swabs and spatially resolved distributions within artificial fingerprints from forensic lift tape. The results presented here provide the forensic and security sectors a powerful tool for the detection, chemical imaging, and inorganic speciation of explosives device signatures.
C1 [Forbes, Thomas P.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sisco, Edward] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Forbes, TP (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM thomas.forbes@nist.gov
RI Forbes, Thomas/M-3091-2014
OI Forbes, Thomas/0000-0002-7594-5514
FU Department of Defense Science, Mathematics, and Research for
Transformation Fellowship; The U.S. Department of Homeland Security
Science and Technology Directorate [IAA HSHQDC-12-X-00024]; National
Institute of Standards and Technology
FX E.S. acknowledges support from a Department of Defense Science,
Mathematics, and Research for Transformation Fellowship. The U.S.
Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate
sponsored a portion of the production of this material under Interagency
Agreement IAA HSHQDC-12-X-00024 with the National Institute of Standards
and Technology. This Article is an official contribution of the National
Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 50
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 5
U2 36
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD AUG 5
PY 2014
VL 86
IS 15
BP 7788
EP 7797
DI 10.1021/ac501718j
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA AM7XD
UT WOS:000340081100089
PM 24968206
ER
PT J
AU Moore, CW
Zielinska, B
Petron, G
Jackson, RB
AF Moore, Christopher W.
Zielinska, Barbara
Petron, Gabrielle
Jackson, Robert B.
TI Air Impacts of Increased Natural Gas Acquisition, Processing, and Use: A
Critical Review
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; UNITED-STATES; SHALE GAS; METHANE LEAKAGE;
OZONE IMPACTS; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; PIPELINE LEAKS; MOTOR-VEHICLES;
BARNETT SHALE; EMISSIONS
AB During the past decade, technological advancements in the United States and Canada have led to rapid and intensive development of many unconventional natural gas plays (e.g., shale gas, tight sand gas, coal-bed methane), raising concerns about environmental impacts. Here, we summarize the current understanding of local and regional air quality impacts of natural gas extraction, production, and use. Air emissions from the natural gas life cycle include greenhouse gases, ozone precursors (volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides), air toxics, and particulates. National and state regulators primarily use generic emission inventories to assess the climate, air quality, and health impacts of natural gas systems. These inventories rely on limited, incomplete, and sometimes outdated emission factors and activity data, based on few measurements. We discuss case studies for specific air impacts grouped by natural gas life cycle segment, summarize the potential benefits of using natural gas over other fossil fuels, and examine national and state emission regulations pertaining to natural gas systems. Finally, we highlight specific gaps in scientific knowledge and suggest that substantial additional measurements of air emissions from the natural gas life cycle are essential to understanding the impacts and benefits of this resource.
C1 [Moore, Christopher W.; Zielinska, Barbara] Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Petron, Gabrielle] Univ Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Petron, Gabrielle] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Jackson, Robert B.] Stanford Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Woods Inst Environm, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Jackson, Robert B.] Stanford Univ, Precourt Inst Energy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Jackson, Robert B.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Jackson, Robert B.] Ctr Global Change, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Moore, CW (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
EM chris.moore@dri.edu
RI Moore, Christopher/E-8448-2012
OI Moore, Christopher/0000-0002-6042-5583
FU National Science Foundation AirWaterGas Sustainability Research Network
award; National Science Foundation (Geosciences Directorate);
Environmental Defense Fund; Duke University
FX C.M. and B.Z. thank DRI's Division of Atmospheric Sciences for support
to write this review. G.P. acknowledges financial support from the
National Science Foundation AirWaterGas Sustainability Research Network
award. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations
expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of their employers and funding sources.
R.J. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation
(Geosciences Directorate), the Environmental Defense Fund, and Duke
University.
NR 138
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U1 16
U2 138
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG 5
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 15
SI SI
BP 8349
EP 8359
DI 10.1021/es4053472
PG 11
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM7WY
UT WOS:000340080600007
PM 24588259
ER
PT J
AU Manning, LM
Peterson, CH
Bishop, MJ
AF Manning, Lisa M.
Peterson, Charles H.
Bishop, Melanie J.
TI Dominant macrobenthic populations experience sustained impacts from
annual disposal of fine sediments on sandy beaches
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Beach nourishment; Coastal erosion; Fine sediment disposal; Sandy beach;
Sea-level rise; Soft sediments; Surf fish; Turbidity
ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; EMERITA-TALPOIDA; DREDGED MATERIAL; MOLE CRAB;
NOURISHMENT; HABITAT; FISH; INVERTEBRATES; MACROINFAUNA; DEGRADATION
AB Despite increasing use of dredged materials as beach fill to protect coastal property and public beaches from storm damage, knowledge of how this practice affects sandy beach ecosystems remains poor. We coupled field monitoring of 2 successive beach disposal events with mesocosm experiments to assess mechanisms of ecological effects of fine sediment disposal. Macrobenthic sampling on Topsail Island, North Carolina, revealed that disposal of dredge spoils transformed beach grain sizes from medium to fine sand. Water sampling documented substantially elevated surf-zone turbidity during and occasionally after sediment deposition. When disposal occurred before spring invertebrate recruitment to the beach, it negatively influenced recruitment of the mole crab Emerita talpoida and the amphipod Parahaustorius longimerus. When disposal followed recruitment, it affected abundances of the bean clam Donax variabilis and 3 species of haustoriid amphipods negatively, and abundance of the spionid polychaete Scolelepis squamata positively. Effects lasted for the full warm season, and suppressions of invertebrate abundances were repeated across successive annual disposal events. In mesocosms, turbidity matching that induced in the field slowed growth of clams and modified habitat choices by predatory fishes. Hence, annual disposal of fine-grained dredge spoils on these sandy beaches maintained depressed abundances of 5 of 6 macroinvertebrate prey of shorebird and surf fish, without sustaining elevated volumes of beach sediments as long as a year. Implementation of disposal projects before the beginning of the seasonal recruitment of benthos resulted in fewer negative impacts on abundance than disposal projects conducted after the recruitment season, probably reflecting a more universal risk from burial and suffocation.
C1 [Manning, Lisa M.; Peterson, Charles H.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
[Bishop, Melanie J.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, 1315 East West Highway,SSMC3, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM cpeters@email.unc.edu
FU University of North Carolina; North Carolina Fisheries Resource Grant;
North Carolina Sea Grant mini-grants; Brian Robinson Fellowship
FX We thank C. Tallent, T. Riley, J. Grabowski, S. Powers, and H. C.
Summerson for their assistance with field and laboratory work. O. Defeo
and 3 anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on an earlier
version of this manuscript. M. Kenworthy offered useful insight into
fish ecology and behavior. This work was supported in part by a doctoral
fellowship from the University of North Carolina, a North Carolina
Fisheries Resource Grant, and North Carolina Sea Grant mini-grants. M.
Bishop was supported by the Brian Robinson Fellowship and the Macquarie
University Outside Studies Program during preparation of the manuscript.
NR 57
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 11
U2 56
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD AUG 4
PY 2014
VL 508
BP 1
EP 15
DI 10.3354/meps10870
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA AO2PS
UT WOS:000341168300001
ER
PT J
AU Simmonds, SE
Kinlan, BP
White, C
Paradis, GL
Warner, RR
Zacherl, DC
AF Simmonds, Sara E.
Kinlan, Brian P.
White, Crow
Paradis, Georges L.
Warner, Robert R.
Zacherl, Danielle C.
TI Geospatial statistics strengthen the ability of natural geochemical tags
to estimate range-wide population connectivity in marine species
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Connectivity; Larval dispersal; Kelletia kelletii; Statolith;
Geochemical tags; Spatial variation; Geostatistics
ID CORAL-REEF FISH; OF-THE-ART; OTOLITH CHEMISTRY; LARVAL DISPERSAL;
MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY; ELEMENTAL SIGNATURES; KELLETIA-KELLETII;
SELF-RECRUITMENT; SPATIAL-PATTERN; PROTECTED AREAS
AB Using calcified structures as natural geochemical tags to estimate levels of population connectivity is becoming increasingly common. However, the technique suffers from several logistical and statistical problems that constrain its full application. Foremost is that only a subset of potential sources is sampled, often compounded by under-sampling within locations at an overly coarse spatial scale. This introduces unknown error and prevents the creation of a range-wide connectivity matrix. To address this issue, we analyzed the natural geochemical tags of embryonic statoliths in the whelk Kelletia kelletii (Forbes, 1850). We sampled from 23 sites over the entire geographic range in 2004 and 2005 from Monterey (California, USA) (36 degrees N) to Isla Asuncion, (Baja California, Mexico) (27 degrees N). We then used geospatial statistics (kriging) to make continuous along-coast maps of embryonic statolith chemistry. This allowed us to estimate chemistry at unsampled locations. We used this new continuous assignment method to estimate the spatial error associated with assignment by the classic method of discriminant function analysis (DFA). Then, we compared the performance of the 2 methods at classifying unknown embryonic statoliths. We found large spatial errors often associated with DFA assignments, even when traditional DFA accuracy assessments indicated the method was performing well. The continuous method provided an improved assessment of uncertainty in assignments. It outperformed the DFA method in classifying unknown embryos to the vicinity of their true source. Geospatial statistics also provided useful information on other range-wide variables, such as adult reproductive abundance. As a proxy for larval supply, such information can aid future assignments of recruits. Our combined analyses help inform sampling designs and motivate the development of a new approach for population connectivity studies.
C1 [Simmonds, Sara E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Kinlan, Brian P.] NOAA Natl Ocean Serv, Biogeog Branch, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Kinlan, Brian P.] Consolidated Safety Serv Inc, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[White, Crow] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Biol Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA.
[Paradis, Georges L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Warner, Robert R.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Zacherl, Danielle C.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Biol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA.
RP Simmonds, SE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM skoch@ucla.edu
RI Simmonds, Sara/P-5211-2015
OI Simmonds, Sara/0000-0003-3438-3559
FU National Science Foundation (OCE) [0351860]; Partnership for
Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal Oceans (PISCO); Canon National
Parks Science Scholars Program; NOAA [DG133C07NC0616]
FX Funding from the National Science Foundation (OCE 0351860 to D.C.Z.,
Steven D. Gaines and R.R.W.), the Partnership for Interdisciplinary
Studies of Coastal Oceans (PISCO), and the Canon National Parks Science
Scholars Program (C.W.) supported this work. B.P.K. was supported during
the writing phase by NOAA Contract No. DG133C07NC0616 with Consolidated
Safety Services. Thank you to the staff (Michael Sheehy and Kate Shears)
at the University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB) Analytic Lab. A
flotilla of SCUBA divers and boat tenders helped to collect samples,
including Alison Haupt, Elizabeth Hoaglund-Joubert, Julie Hopper, Julio
Lorda, Rodrigo BeasLuna, Juleen Dickson, Brian Cheng, Michael Navarro,
Diana Lloyd, and Derek Smith. Thanks also to the boat captains, Capt.
Shane Anderson of the fleet of Fish boats at UCSB and Capt. Ray and
Capt. Mark of the Garibaldi at the California Department of Fish and
Game. Thank you to the Department of Biological Science at the
California State University Fullerton for their generous support and use
of facilities. Thanks also to Will White and an anonymous reviewer for
their helpful comments that much improved the manuscript.
NR 65
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 33
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD AUG 4
PY 2014
VL 508
BP 33
EP 51
DI 10.3354/meps10871
PG 19
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA AO2PS
UT WOS:000341168300003
ER
PT J
AU Mathey, AC
Clark, CW
Mathey, L
AF Mathey, Amy C.
Clark, Charles W.
Mathey, L.
TI Decay of a superfluid current of ultracold atoms in a toroidal trap
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; PHASE-SLIP PHENOMENA; CRITICAL VELOCITY;
OPTICAL LATTICES; QUANTUM DYNAMICS; GAS; HELIUM; VORTEX; INTERFEROMETER;
TRANSITION
AB Using a numerical implementation of the truncated Wigner approximation, we simulate the experiment reported by Ramanathan et al. in Phys. Rev. Lett, 106, 130401 (2011), in which a Bose-Einstein condensate is created in a toroidal trap and set into rotation via a phase imprinting technique. A potential barrier is then placed in the trap to study the decay of the superflow. We find that the current decays via thermally activated phase slips, which can also be visualized as vortices crossing the barrier region in the radial direction. Adopting the notion of critical velocity used in the experiment, we determine it to be lower than the local speed of sound at the barrier, in contradiction to the predictions of the zero-temperature Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We map out the superfluid decay rate and critical velocity as a function of temperature and observe a strong dependence. Thermal fluctuations offer a partial explanation of the experimentally observed reduction of the critical velocity from the phonon velocity.
C1 [Mathey, Amy C.; Mathey, L.] Univ Hamburg, Zentrum Opt Quantentechnol, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
[Mathey, Amy C.; Mathey, L.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Laserphys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
[Clark, Charles W.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Clark, Charles W.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mathey, L.] Hamburg Ctr Ultrafast Imaging, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
RP Mathey, AC (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Zentrum Opt Quantentechnol, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany.
RI Mathey, Ludwig/A-9644-2009; Clark, Charles/A-8594-2009
OI Clark, Charles/0000-0001-8724-9885
FU NSF under Physics Frontier [PHY-0822671]; Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB 925]; Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging;
Landesexzellenzinitiative Hamburg; Joachim Herz Stiftung; NRC/NIST
FX We thank K. C. Wright, A. Ramanathan, C. J. Lobb, W. D. Phillips, and G.
K. Campbell for the experimental data and for invaluable discussions on
the experimental methods. This work was supported by the NSF under
Physics Frontier Grant No. PHY-0822671. We acknowledge support from the
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through the SFB 925 and the Hamburg
Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, and from the Landesexzellenzinitiative
Hamburg, which is supported by the Joachim Herz Stiftung. A.C.M.
additionally acknowledges support from NRC/NIST.
NR 59
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
EI 1094-1622
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 4
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 2
AR 023604
DI 10.1103/PhsRevA.90.023604
PG 14
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA AM6RX
UT WOS:000339993500007
ER
PT J
AU Fan, JY
Migdall, A
AF Fan, Jingyun
Migdall, Alan
TI Microstructured fiber entangles light for quantum information processing
SO LASER FOCUS WORLD
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Fan, Jingyun; Migdall, Alan] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fan, Jingyun; Migdall, Alan] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Fan, JY (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jingyun.fan@nist.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PENNWELL PUBL CO
PI NASHUA
PA 98 SPIT BROOK RD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 USA
SN 1043-8092
J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD
JI Laser Focus World
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 8
BP 48
EP 52
PG 5
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA CK0KZ
UT WOS:000355895400015
ER
PT J
AU Innis, CJ
Braverman, H
Cavin, JM
Ceresia, ML
Baden, LR
Kuhn, DM
Frasca, S
McGowan, JP
Hirokawa, K
Weber, ES
Stacy, B
Merigo, C
AF Innis, Charles J.
Braverman, Hillary
Cavin, Julie M.
Ceresia, Michelle L.
Baden, Lindsey R.
Kuhn, Duncan M.
Frasca, Salvatore, Jr.
McGowan, J. Patrick
Hirokawa, Keiko
Weber, E. Scott, III
Stacy, Brian
Merigo, Constance
TI Diagnosis and management of Enterococcus spp infections during
rehabilitation of cold-stunned Kemp's ridley turtles (Lepidochelys
kempii): 50 cases (2006-2012)
SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-TURTLES; MARINE TURTLES; CAPE-COD; VANCOMYCIN; MASSACHUSETTS;
RATTLESNAKE; MORTALITY; ATLANTIC; SYSTEM; WATERS
AB Objective-To evaluate clinical data for cold-stunned Kemp's ridley turtles (Lepidochelys kempii) with Enterococcus spp infections during rehabilitation.
Design-Retrospective case series.
Animals-50 stranded cold-stunned Kemp's ridley turtles hospitalized between 2006 and 2012.
Procedures-Medical records for turtles from which Enterococcus spp were isolated were reviewed retrospectively, and clinical data, including morphometric data, body temperature at admission, physical examination findings, antimicrobial medication history, history of medications administered IV, environmental data, day of diagnosis, clinical signs at diagnosis, microbiological testing results, sources of positive culture results, hematologic and plasma biochemical data, cytologic and histopathologic results, radiographic findings, antimicrobial treatments, time to first negative culture result, treatment duration, results of subsequent cultures, and case outcome, were collated and analyzed.
Results-Enterococcus spp were isolated from bacteriologic cultures of blood, bone, joint, and respiratory tract samples and a skin lesion, with supporting evidence of infection provided by histopathologic, cytologic, and radiographic data. Positive culture results were associated with clinical problems such as lethargy, anorexia, and lameness. Most (34/43 [79%]) turtles for which an antemortem diagnosis was made survived with treatment and were released into the wild.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Cold-stunned Kemp's ridley turtles may be affected by serious Enterococcus spp infections during rehabilitation. Recognition and treatment of these infections are important for successful rehabilitation.
C1 [Innis, Charles J.; Cavin, Julie M.; Hirokawa, Keiko; Weber, E. Scott, III] New England Aquarium, Dept Anim Hlth, Boston, MA 02110 USA.
[Merigo, Constance] New England Aquarium, Dept Rescue & Rehabil, Boston, MA 02110 USA.
[Braverman, Hillary] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Hosp Anim, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Ceresia, Michelle L.] MCPHS Univ, Sch Pharm, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Baden, Lindsey R.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Kuhn, Duncan M.] Whitehead Inst, Cambridge Ctr 9, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
[Frasca, Salvatore, Jr.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Connecticut Vet Med Diagnost Lab, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Stacy, Brian] NOAA, Off Protected Resources, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Innis, CJ (reprint author), New England Aquarium, Dept Anim Hlth, 1 Cent Wharf, Boston, MA 02110 USA.
EM cinnis@neaq.org
FU International Association of Aquatic Animal Medicine Medway Scholarship;
US Department of Commerce National Marine Fisheries Service
FX Financial support for Dr. Braverman was provided by the International
Association of Aquatic Animal Medicine Medway Scholarship. Histologic
services were partially funded by the US Department of Commerce National
Marine Fisheries Service.
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 28
PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC
PI SCHAUMBURG
PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA
SN 0003-1488
EI 1943-569X
J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A
JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc.
PD AUG 1
PY 2014
VL 245
IS 3
BP 315
EP 323
PG 9
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA CA6CW
UT WOS:000348997100022
PM 25029311
ER
PT J
AU Schulz, P
Schafer, T
Zangmeister, CD
Effertz, C
Meyer, D
Mokros, D
van Zee, RD
Mazzarello, R
Wuttig, M
AF Schulz, Philip
Schaefer, Tobias
Zangmeister, Christopher D.
Effertz, Christian
Meyer, Dominik
Mokros, Daniel
van Zee, Roger D.
Mazzarello, Riccardo
Wuttig, Matthias
TI A New Route to Low Resistance Contacts for Performance-Enhanced Organic
Electronic Devices
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ENERGY-LEVEL ALIGNMENT; THIN-FILM
TRANSISTORS; SOLAR-CELLS; GOLD SURFACES; INTERFACES; LAYERS; ENERGETICS;
CHEMISTRY; AU(111)
AB The barrier to charge carrier injection across the semiconductor/electrode interface is a key parameter in the performance of organic transistors and optoelectronic devices, and the work function of the electrode material plays an important role in determining the size of this barrier. We present a new, chemical route for making metal surfaces with low work functions, by functionalizing gold surfaces with self-assembled monolayers of n,n-dialkyl dithiocarbamates. Ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy measurements show that work functions of 3.2 eV +/- 0.1 eV can be achieved using this surface modification. Electronic structure calculations reveal that this low work function is a result of the packing-density, polarization along the N-C bond, and charge rearrangement associated with chemisorption. We demonstrate that electrodes functionalized with these monolayers significantly improve the performance of organic thin-film transistors and can potentially be employed in charge selective contacts for organic photovoltaics.
C1 [Schulz, Philip; Schaefer, Tobias; Effertz, Christian; Meyer, Dominik; Mokros, Daniel; Wuttig, Matthias] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst IA 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
[Schulz, Philip; Zangmeister, Christopher D.; van Zee, Roger D.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mazzarello, Riccardo] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Theoret Festkorperphys, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
[Mazzarello, Riccardo; Wuttig, Matthias] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, JARA Fundamentals Future Informat Technol, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
RP Schulz, P (reprint author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst IA 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
EM philip.schulz@rwth-aachen.de
RI Mazzarello, Riccardo/G-4502-2014; Schulz, Philip/N-2295-2015; Wuttig,
Matthias/A-8860-2012
OI Schulz, Philip/0000-0002-8177-0108; Wuttig, Matthias/0000-0003-1498-1025
FU Interreg-project ORGANEXT; German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)
FX The authors acknowledge the Interreg-project ORGANEXT for funding. P.S.
thanks the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) for financial
support.
NR 52
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2196-7350
J9 ADV MATER INTERFACES
JI Adv. Mater. Interfaces
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 1
IS 5
AR UNSP 1300130
DI 10.1002/admi.201300130
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA AZ5TT
UT WOS:000348283700005
ER
PT J
AU Bergeron, DE
Cessna, JT
Golas, DB
Young, RK
Zimmerman, BE
AF Bergeron, Denis E.
Cessna, Jeffrey T.
Golas, Daniel B.
Young, Rheannan K.
Zimmerman, Brian E.
TI Dose calibrator manufacturer-dependent bias in assays of I-123
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ionization chamber; Dose calibrator; I-123; Secondary standard;
Quantitative imaging
ID NUCLEAR-MEDICINE; IONIZATION-CHAMBER; SPECT; NUCLIDES; PROGRAM
AB Calibration factors for commercial ionization chambers (i.e. dose calibrators) were determined for a solution of I-123; the activity was based on the 1976 NBS standard. A link between the NIST standard and the International Reference System (SIR) was established. The two major U.S. dose calibrator manufacturers recommend oppositely biased calibration factors, giving a spread of 11.3% in measured activities. With modern quantitative imaging techniques capable of <= 10% accuracy, this bias for a SPECT nuclide is highly significant. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bergeron, Denis E.; Cessna, Jeffrey T.; Golas, Daniel B.; Young, Rheannan K.; Zimmerman, Brian E.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bergeron, DE (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM denis.bergeron@nist.gov
RI Bergeron, Denis/I-4332-2013
OI Bergeron, Denis/0000-0003-1150-7950
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 90
BP 79
EP 83
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2014.03.018
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA AY5ER
UT WOS:000347596400012
PM 24705009
ER
PT J
AU Izadi, F
Khoshnam, F
Moody, D
Zargar, AS
AF Izadi, Farzali
Khoshnam, Foad
Moody, Dustin
Zargar, Arman Shamsi
TI ELLIPTIC CURVES ARISING FROM BRAHMAGUPTA QUADRILATERALS
SO BULLETIN OF THE AUSTRALIAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Brahmagupta quadrilateral; elliptic curve; Heron triangle; rank
ID DIOPHANTINE TRIPLES; HIGH-RANK; CONSTRUCTION
AB A Brahmagupta quadrilateral is a cyclic quadrilateral whose sides, diagonals and area are all integer values. In this article, we characterise the notions of Brahmagupta, introduced by K. R. S. Sastry ['Brahmagupta quadrilaterals', Forum Geom. 2 (2002), 167-173], by means of elliptic curves. Motivated by these characterisations, we use Brahmagupta quadrilaterals to construct infinite families of elliptic curves with torsion group Z/2Z x Z/2Z having ranks (at least) four, five and six. Furthermore, by specialising we give examples from these families of specific curves with rank nine.
C1 [Izadi, Farzali; Khoshnam, Foad; Zargar, Arman Shamsi] Azarbaijan Shahid Madani Univ, Dept Math, Tabriz 5375171379, Iran.
[Moody, Dustin] NIST, Comp Secur Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Moody, D (reprint author), NIST, Comp Secur Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM farzali.izadi@azaruniv.edu; khoshnam@azaruniv.edu;
dustin.moody@nist.gov; shzargar.arman@azaruniv.edu
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-9727
EI 1755-1633
J9 B AUST MATH SOC
JI Bull. Aust. Math. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 1
BP 47
EP 56
DI 10.1017/S0004972713001172
PG 10
WC Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA AS9UD
UT WOS:000344585900006
ER
PT J
AU McDuffie, EL
Piotrowski, VP
AF McDuffie, Ernest L.
Piotrowski, Victor P.
TI The Future of Cybersecurity Education
SO COMPUTER
LA English
DT Article
AB By fostering public-private partnerships in cybersecurity education, the US government is motivating federal agencies, industry, and academia to work more closely together to defend cyberspace.
C1 [McDuffie, Ernest L.] NIST, NICE, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Piotrowski, Victor P.] Natl Sci Fdn, Arlington, VA 22230 USA.
RP McDuffie, EL (reprint author), NIST, NICE, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mcduffie@nist.gov; vpiotrow@nsf.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 8
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 0018-9162
EI 1558-0814
J9 COMPUTER
JI Computer
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 47
IS 8
BP 67
EP 69
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA AS8BW
UT WOS:000344476300021
ER
PT J
AU Heron, SF
Liu, G
Rauenzahn, JL
Christensen, TRL
Skirving, WJ
Burgess, TFR
Eakin, CM
Morgan, JA
AF Heron, S. F.
Liu, G.
Rauenzahn, J. L.
Christensen, T. R. L.
Skirving, W. J.
Burgess, T. F. R.
Eakin, C. M.
Morgan, J. A.
TI Improvements to and continuity of operational global thermal stress
monitoring for coral bleaching
SO JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE; ECOSYSTEMS; REFUGIA; EVENTS; REEFS
AB Mass coral bleaching results from periods of elevated sea temperature. Satellite monitoring of thermal stress has enhanced the capacity for the management of coral bleaching events worldwide. Satellite-based monitoring tools provide reef managers with cost-effective observations of temperature conditions to monitor the risk of bleaching and to target in situ observations in areas under stress. This paper describes improvements to satellite remote sensing products from NOAA's Coral Reef Watch to enhance product coverage and to correct identified errors in the production of coral reef-specific metrics for thermal stress. In addition, threats to the operational production of the thermal stress metrics are considered and a contingency plan is described to ensure continuity of operations.
C1 [Heron, S. F.; Liu, G.; Rauenzahn, J. L.; Skirving, W. J.; Burgess, T. F. R.; Eakin, C. M.] NOAA, Coral Reef Watch, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Heron, S. F.] James Cook Univ, Marine Geophys Lab, Townsville City, Qld, Australia.
[Christensen, T. R. L.] Global Sci & Technol Inc, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Morgan, J. A.] NOAA, Coral Reef Conservat Program, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Heron, SF (reprint author), NOAA, Coral Reef Watch, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RI De La Cour, Jacqueline/E-7920-2011; Skirving, William/E-7927-2011; Liu,
Gang/E-7921-2011; Morgan, Jessica/E-7926-2011; Heron, Scott/E-7928-2011;
Eakin, C. Mark/F-5585-2010
OI Skirving, William/0000-0003-0167-6427; Liu, Gang/0000-0001-8369-6805;
FU NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program, Center for Satellite
Applications and Research and Office of Satellite and Product Operations
FX This publication was made possible with support from and collaboration
with NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program, Center for Satellite
Applications and Research and Office of Satellite and Product
Operations. Special thanks to J Sapper and A Strong for comments on an
earlier version. The manuscript contents are solely the opinions of the
authors and do not constitute a statement of policy, decision, or
position on behalf of NOAA or the US Government.
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1755-876X
EI 1755-8778
J9 J OPER OCEANOGR
JI J. Oper. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 2
BP 3
EP 11
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA AT1XE
UT WOS:000344723500001
ER
PT J
AU Garberoglio, G
Patkowski, K
Harvey, AH
AF Garberoglio, Giovanni
Patkowski, Konrad
Harvey, Allan H.
TI Fully Quantum Cross Second Virial Coefficients for the Three-Dimensional
He-H Pair
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Deuterium; Helium; Hydrogen; Isotopes; Mixtures; Second virial
coefficient
ID HYDROGEN ISOTOPES; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION; BINARY-MIXTURES; BOILING
POINT; HELIUM; RELAXATION; STATE; GAS; SET
AB A recent high-accuracy three-dimensional potential is used to compute the cross second virial coefficient between helium and molecular hydrogen. These calculations fully account for both quantum effects (with the path-integral Monte Carlo method) and the flexibility of the hydrogen molecule. The effect of flexibility is relatively small (only slightly larger than the expanded uncertainty of our results), but the full quantum mechanical approach is essential to obtain correct results at cryogenic temperatures. Values are calculated from 8 K to 2000 K; the uncertainty of the potential is propagated into uncertainties of . Similar calculations are performed for He with the isotopologues D, T, HD, HT, and DT. Comparison is made with the experimental data for the He/H binary, and with the limited data available for He/D and He/HD. The calculated 's are generally consistent with the experimental results, but have lower uncertainties.
C1 [Garberoglio, Giovanni] FBK CMM, Interdisciplinary Lab Computat Sci LISC, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy.
[Garberoglio, Giovanni] Univ Trento, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy.
[Patkowski, Konrad] Auburn Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Harvey, Allan H.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Harvey, AH (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM garberoglio@fbk.eu; patkowsk@auburn.edu; aharvey@boulder.nist.gov
OI Garberoglio, Giovanni/0000-0002-9201-2716
FU U.S. National Science Foundation CAREER [CHE-1351978]; Auburn
University; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare through Fondazione
Bruno Kessler
FX We thank J.W. Leachman and R. Radebaugh for discussions on data needs
for these mixtures. K. P. is supported by the U.S. National Science
Foundation CAREER Award No. CHE-1351978 and by startup funding from
Auburn University. G. G. acknowledges support by Istituto Nazionale di
Fisica Nucleare through the "Supercalcolo" agreement with Fondazione
Bruno Kessler. The path-integral calculations were performed on the KORE
computer cluster at Fondazione Bruno Kessler.
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 10
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
EI 1572-9567
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 35
IS 8
BP 1435
EP 1449
DI 10.1007/s10765-014-1729-7
PG 15
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA AR9WB
UT WOS:000343925800002
ER
PT J
AU Hoover, AS
Winkler, R
Rabin, MW
Bennett, DA
Doriese, WB
Fowler, JW
Hayes-Wehle, J
Horansky, RD
Reintsema, CD
Schmidt, DR
Vale, LR
Ullom, JN
Schaffer, K
AF Hoover, Andrew S.
Winkler, Ryan
Rabin, Michael W.
Bennett, Douglas A.
Doriese, William B.
Fowler, Joseph W.
Hayes-Wehle, James
Horansky, Robert D.
Reintsema, Carl D.
Schmidt, Dan R.
Vale, Leila R.
Ullom, Joel N.
Schaffer, Kathryn
TI Uncertainty of Plutonium Isotopic Measurements with Microcalorimeter and
High-Purity Germanium Detectors
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Gamma-ray detectors; measurement uncertainty; spectroscopy;
superconducting photodetectors
ID GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTON MASS ATTENUATION; X-RAY; COEFFICIENTS
AB The nondestructive assay (NDA) of plutonium-bearing materials using gamma-ray spectroscopy supports global nuclear nonproliferation and safeguards efforts. High-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors have been used for this application for decades, but the uncertainty limit remains around 1% relative error for measured isotope ratios, an order of magnitude larger than destructive assay. To lower NDA uncertainty limits, we are pursuing new measurement technology using superconducting microcalorimeter detectors, and assessing the sources of current uncertainty limits. We compare results from analysis of plutonium isotopic standards using HPGe and microcalorimeter detectors, and find lower random error for the microcalorimeter data. Uncertainties in the reference values of constants of nature contribute to the total measurement error. For one particular set of constants, the gamma-ray energies, we find that microcalorimeter analysis is much less sensitive (more than a factor of ten) to the uncertainty in nuclear data than HPGe.
C1 [Hoover, Andrew S.; Winkler, Ryan; Rabin, Michael W.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Bennett, Douglas A.; Doriese, William B.; Fowler, Joseph W.; Hayes-Wehle, James; Horansky, Robert D.; Reintsema, Carl D.; Schmidt, Dan R.; Vale, Leila R.; Ullom, Joel N.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Schaffer, Kathryn] Sch Art Inst Chicago, Chicago, IL 60603 USA.
RP Hoover, AS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Nuclear Energy.
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9499
EI 1558-1578
J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI
JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 4
BP 2365
EP 2372
DI 10.1109/TNS.2014.2332275
PN 3
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AR9XI
UT WOS:000343929900008
ER
PT J
AU MacAlester, MH
Murtagh, W
AF MacAlester, Mark H.
Murtagh, William
TI Extreme Space Weather Impact: An Emergency Management Perspective
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT AURORAL STORM; AUGUST/SEPTEMBER 1859; EVENT
AB In 2010, the Department of Homeland Security's Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) partnered with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) to investigate the potential for extreme space weather conditions to impact National Security/Emergency Preparedness communications-those communications vital to a functioning government and to emergency and disaster response-in the United States. Given the interdependencies of modern critical infrastructure, the initial systematic review of academic research on space weather effects on communications expanded to other critical infrastructure sectors, federal agencies, and private sector organizations. While the effort is ongoing, and despite uncertainties inherent with this hazard, FEMA and the SWPC did draw some conclusions. If electric power remains available, an extreme space weather event will result in the intermittent loss of HF and similar sky wave radio systems, minimal direct impact to public safety line-of-sight radio and commercial cellular services, a relatively small loss of satellite services as a percentage of the total satellite fleet, interference or intermittent loss of satellite communications and GPS navigation and timing signals, and no first-order impact to consumer electronic devices. Vulnerability of electric power to an extreme geomagnetic storm remains the primary concern from an emergency management perspective, but actual impact is not well understood at present. A discussion of potential impacts to infrastructure from the loss of electric power from any hazard is provided using the 2011 record tornado outbreak in Alabama as an example.
C1 [MacAlester, Mark H.] FEMA, Disaster Emergency Commun Div, New Delhi, India.
[Murtagh, William] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Natl Weather Serv, Boulder, CO USA.
RP MacAlester, MH (reprint author), FEMA, Disaster Emergency Commun Div, New Delhi, India.
EM Mark.Macalester@fema.dhs.gov; William.Murtagh@noaa.gov
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 12
IS 8
BP 530
EP 537
DI 10.1002/2014SW001095
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA AR8AI
UT WOS:000343797600002
ER
PT J
AU Wu, Y
Weng, FZ
AF Wu Ying
Weng Fuzhong
TI Applications of an AMSR-E RFI Detection and Correction Algorithm in
1-DVAR over Land
SO JOURNAL OF METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE microwave remote sensing; radio-frequency interference (RFI); AMSR-E;
1-DVAR
ID RADIO-FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE; RADIOFREQUENCY INTERFERENCE; MICROWAVE
RADIOMETRY; MITIGATION; WINDSAT; OCEAN; SMOS; ASSIMILATION; EMISSIVITY;
VALIDATION
AB Land retrievals using passive microwave radiometers are sensitive to small fluctuations in land brightness temperatures. As such, the radio-frequency interference (RFI) signals emanating from man-made microwave radiation transmitters can result in large errors in land retrievals. RFI in C- and X-band channels can contaminate remotely sensed measurements, as experienced with the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) and the WindSat sensor. In this work, applications of an RFI detection and correction algorithm in retrieving a comprehensive suite of geophysical parameters from AMSR-E measurements using the one-dimensional variational retrieval (1-DVAR) method are described. The results indicate that the values of retrieved parameters, such as land skin temperature (LST), over these areas contaminated by RFI are much higher than those from the global data assimilation system (GDAS) products. The results also indicate that the differences between new retrievals and GDAS products are decreased evidently through taking into account the RFI correction algorithm. In addition, the convergence metric (chi(2)) of 1-DVAR is found to be a new method for identifying regions where land retrievals are affected by RFI. For example, in those regions with much stronger RFI, such as Europe and Japan, chi(2) of 1-DVAR is so large that convergence cannot be reached and retrieval results may not be reliable or cannot be obtained. Furthermore, chi(2) also decreases with the RFI-corrected algorithm for those regions with moderate or weak RFI. The results of RFI detected by chi(2) are almost consistent with those identified by the spectral difference method.
C1 [Wu Ying] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, China Meteorol Adm, Key Lab Aerosol Cloud Precipitat, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Wu Ying] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Atmospher Phys, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Weng Fuzhong] NOAA NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Wu, Y (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, China Meteorol Adm, Key Lab Aerosol Cloud Precipitat, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM wuying_nuist@163.com
RI Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41305033, 41275043,
41175035]; Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu
Higher Education Institution; NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite
Applications and Research (STAR) CalVal Program
FX Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41305033,
41275043, and 41175035), Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of
Jiangsu Higher Education Institution, and NOAA/NESDIS/Center for
Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) CalVal Program.
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 2095-6037
EI 2198-0934
J9 J METEOROL RES-PRC
JI J. Meteorol. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 4
BP 645
EP 655
DI 10.1007/s13351-014-3075-x
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AR5ZG
UT WOS:000343660900011
ER
PT J
AU Ko, YH
Lee, K
Quay, PD
Feely, RA
AF Ko, Young Ho
Lee, Kitack
Quay, Paul D.
Feely, Richard A.
TI Decadal (1994-2008) change in the carbon isotope ratio in the eastern
South Pacific Ocean
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon isotope; anthropogenic carbon dioxide
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; ANNULAR MODE; DELTA-C-13;
DIOXIDE; MARINE; DEPTH; CYCLE; SINK
AB We determined the 14year change in the anthropogenic CO2 inventory in the eastern South Pacific Ocean along the 110 degrees W meridian from 67 degrees S to 21 degrees N, using seawater C-13 data sets collected in 1994 and 2008. The vertical integral of the 14year C-13 change was assessed in five latitude bands and found to be greatest (-14.7myr(-1)) in the subpolar band (38 degrees S-55 degrees S) and smallest (-3.0myr(-1)) in the tropical band (21 degrees N-18 degrees S). The C-13 change in each of the latitudinal bands was primarily caused by inputs of anthropogenic CO2 via air-sea exchange and transport. More than 50% of the total anthropogenic CO2 was added to the subpolar band via the northward movement of Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) from the south, and the remaining 50% was added via air-sea exchange. We also calculated the ratio of the temporal change in C-13 to the change in dissolved inorganic carbon, which is a measure of the efficiency of oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2. The ratio for AAIW in 1994 (-0.017 parts per thousand (mu molkg(-1)) (-1)) was greater than that in 2008 (-0.010 parts per thousand (mu molkg(-1)) (-1)) based on the change in preformed C-13 and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), indicating reduced efficiency of CO2 uptake by the Southern Ocean in 2008 relative to that in 1994. AAIW remained at the surface for a shorter period in 2008 relative to 1994, and thus would have taken up less atmospheric CO2 prior to subduction. The projected reduction in this ratio indicates a weakening of CO2 uptake by the Southern Ocean in the future.
C1 [Ko, Young Ho; Lee, Kitack] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Pohang, South Korea.
[Quay, Paul D.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Feely, Richard A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Lee, K (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Pohang, South Korea.
EM ktl@postech.ac.kr
RI Lee, Kitack/G-7184-2015;
OI Ko, Young Ho/0000-0001-5379-2820
FU Mid-career Research Program [2012R1A2A1A01004631]; Global Research
Project - National Research Foundation (NRF) of the Ministry of Science,
ICT, and Future Planning; project titled "Management of Marine Organisms
causing Ecological Disturbance and Harmful Effects" - Ministry of Oceans
and Fisheries
FX The preparation of the manuscript was supported by the Mid-career
Research Program (2012R1A2A1A01004631) and Global Research Project
funded by the National Research Foundation (NRF) of the Ministry of
Science, ICT, and Future Planning. Partial support was also provided by
the project titled "Management of Marine Organisms causing Ecological
Disturbance and Harmful Effects" funded by the Ministry of Oceans and
Fisheries.
NR 42
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 8
BP 775
EP 785
DI 10.1002/2013GB004786
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA AQ3VQ
UT WOS:000342722000001
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Q
Lu, YQ
Richter, CA
Jena, D
Seabaugh, A
AF Zhang, Qin
Lu, Yeqing
Richter, Curt A.
Jena, Debdeep
Seabaugh, Alan
TI Optimum Bandgap and Supply Voltage in Tunnel FETs
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
LA English
DT Article
DE Analytic model; graphene nanoribbon (GNR); nanowire (NW); tunnel
field-effect transistor (TFET)
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; DESIGN; LOGIC
AB A physics-based analytic model of the ON-and OFF-currents in a homojunction tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) is used to understand the relationship between bandgap, gate length, ON-current, OFF-current, ON/OFF current ratio, and supply voltage to meet minimum energy requirements. The model, which applies to direct-bandgap semiconductors, is validated against numerical simulations to show that it captures the trends of more comprehensive simulations. The analytic model is then used to compare alternative channel materials for TFETs. Gate-all-around InAs nanowire and graphene nanoribbon TFETs are used as design examples at gate lengths of 10 and 15 nm and for an ON/OFF current specification of 10(5). The results suggest that TFETs based on 2-D materials can be more energy efficient than semiconductor nanowire TFETs and conventional metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors for low-power logic.
C1 [Zhang, Qin; Lu, Yeqing; Jena, Debdeep; Seabaugh, Alan] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Zhang, Qin; Richter, Curt A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, Q (reprint author), Univ Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
EM qzhang1@nd.edu; ylu6@nd.edu; curt.richter@nist.gov; djena@nd.edu;
seabaugh.1@nd.edu
FU Semiconductor Research Corporation's Nanoelectronics Research Initiative
through the Midwest Institute for Nanoelectronics Discovery; STARnet
Center for Low Energy Systems Technology through the MARCO; STARnet
Center for Low Energy Systems Technology through DARPA
FX This work was supported in part by the Semiconductor Research
Corporation's Nanoelectronics Research Initiative through the Midwest
Institute for Nanoelectronics Discovery and in part by the STARnet
Center for Low Energy Systems Technology through the MARCO and DARPA.
The review of this paper was arranged by Editor J. C. S. Woo.
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9383
EI 1557-9646
J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV
JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 8
BP 2719
EP 2724
DI 10.1109/TED.2014.2330805
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA AQ6FS
UT WOS:000342906200016
ER
PT J
AU Eich, S
Stange, A
Carr, AV
Urbancic, J
Popmintchev, T
Wiesenmayer, M
Jansen, K
Ruffing, A
Jakobs, S
Rohwer, T
Hellmann, S
Chen, C
Matyba, P
Kipp, L
Rossnagel, K
Bauer, M
Murnane, MM
Kapteyn, HC
Mathias, S
Aeschlimann, M
AF Eich, S.
Stange, A.
Carr, A. V.
Urbancic, J.
Popmintchev, T.
Wiesenmayer, M.
Jansen, K.
Ruffing, A.
Jakobs, S.
Rohwer, T.
Hellmann, S.
Chen, C.
Matyba, P.
Kipp, L.
Rossnagel, K.
Bauer, M.
Murnane, M. M.
Kapteyn, H. C.
Mathias, S.
Aeschlimann, M.
TI Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with optimized
high-harmonic pulses using frequency-doubled Ti:Sapphire lasers
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA
LA English
DT Article
DE Time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy; Extreme-ultraviolet
photoemission spectroscopy; Femtosecond dynamics; Two-photon
photoemission; Time-resolved ARPES
ID CHARGE-DENSITY-WAVE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; NONLINEAR OPTICS;
X-RAYS; SURFACE; GENERATION; SOFT; IONIZATION; DYNAMICS; IONS
AB Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (trARPES) using femtosecond extreme ultraviolet high harmonics has recently emerged as a powerful tool for investigating ultrafast quasiparticle dynamics in correlated-electron materials. However, the full potential of this approach has not yet been achieved because, to date, high harmonics generated by 800 nm wavelength Ti:Sapphire lasers required a trade-off between photon flux, energy and time resolution. Photoemission spectroscopy requires a quasi-monochromatic output, but dispersive optical elements that select a single harmonic can significantly reduce the photon flux and time resolution. Here we show that 400 nm driven high harmonic extreme-ultraviolet trARPES is superior to using 800 nm laser drivers since it eliminates the need for any spectral selection, thereby increasing photon flux and energy resolution to <150 meV while preserving excellent time resolution of about 30 fs. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Eich, S.; Urbancic, J.; Wiesenmayer, M.; Ruffing, A.; Jakobs, S.; Mathias, S.; Aeschlimann, M.] Univ Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Eich, S.; Urbancic, J.; Wiesenmayer, M.; Ruffing, A.; Jakobs, S.; Mathias, S.; Aeschlimann, M.] Res Ctr OPTIMAS, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Stange, A.; Jansen, K.; Rohwer, T.; Hellmann, S.; Kipp, L.; Rossnagel, K.; Bauer, M.] Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Appl Phys, D-24098 Kiel, Germany.
[Carr, A. V.; Popmintchev, T.; Chen, C.; Matyba, P.; Murnane, M. M.; Kapteyn, H. C.; Mathias, S.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Carr, A. V.; Popmintchev, T.; Chen, C.; Matyba, P.; Murnane, M. M.; Kapteyn, H. C.; Mathias, S.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Mathias, S (reprint author), Univ Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
EM smathias@physik.uni-kl.de
RI Rossnagel, Kai/F-8822-2011; Popmintchev, Tenio/B-6715-2008; Aeschlimann,
Martin/D-7141-2011; Mathias, Stefan/I-4679-2012; Bauer,
Michael/G-5111-2016
OI Rossnagel, Kai/0000-0001-5107-0090; Popmintchev,
Tenio/0000-0002-2023-2226; Aeschlimann, Martin/0000-0003-3413-5029;
Bauer, Michael/0000-0002-4391-9899
FU German Science Foundation through Transregio [SFB TR49, DFG-BA
2177/9-1]; NSF Physics Frontiers Centers; Excellence Initiative [DFG/GSC
266]; Swedish Research Council
FX A.R., S.M., M.A. acknowledge support from the German Science Foundation
through Transregio SFB TR49. M.M., H.K., A.C., P.M. acknowledge support
for this work from the NSF Physics Frontiers Centers. L.K., KR., and
M.B. acknowledge support from the German Science Foundation through
grant DFG-BA 2177/9-1. S.J. is a recipient of a fellowship through the
Excellence Initiative (DFG/GSC 266). P.M. acknowledges support from the
Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsradet).
NR 56
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 9
U2 63
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0368-2048
EI 1873-2526
J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC
JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 195
BP 231
EP 236
DI 10.1016/j.elspec.2014.04.013
PG 6
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA AQ5TZ
UT WOS:000342872800033
ER
PT J
AU Main, JA
AF Main, Joseph A.
TI Composite Floor Systems under Column Loss: Collapse Resistance and Tie
Force Requirements
SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Buildings; Connections; Composite materials; Finite-element method;
Floors; Nonlinear analysis; Progressive collapse; Steel structures;
Analysis and computation
ID PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE; CONCRETE; ROBUSTNESS; DESIGN
AB This paper presents a computational assessment of the performance of steel gravity framing systems with single-plate shear connections and composite floor slabs under column loss scenarios. The computational assessment uses a reduced modeling approach, while comparisons with detailed model results are presented to establish confidence in the reduced models. The reduced modeling approach enables large multibay systems to be analyzed much more efficiently than the detailed modeling approaches used in previous studies. Both quasistatic and sudden column loss scenarios are considered, and an energy-based approximate procedure for analysis of sudden column loss is adopted after verification through comparisons with direct dynamic analyses, further enhancing the efficiency of the reduced modeling approach. Reduced models are used to investigate the influence of factors such as span length, slab continuity, and the mode of connection failure on the collapse resistance of gravity frame systems. The adequacy of current structural integrity requirements is also assessed, and based on the computational results a new relationship is proposed between the uniform load intensity and the tie forces required for collapse prevention. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Main, JA (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joseph.main@nist.gov
NR 40
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 13
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9445
EI 1943-541X
J9 J STRUCT ENG
JI J. Struct. Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 140
IS 8
SI SI
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000952
PG 15
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA AQ5FZ
UT WOS:000342833600019
ER
PT J
AU Rice, DD
Sojka, JJ
Eccles, JV
Redmon, R
Hunsucker, RD
AF Rice, D. D.
Sojka, J. J.
Eccles, J. V.
Redmon, R.
Hunsucker, R. D.
TI Characterizing the pre-Space Age ionosphere over Washington, DC
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE long-term trends; ionogram inversion; electron density profile;
historical analysis
ID SPORADIC-E; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; TRENDS; MODEL; IONOSONDE
AB The study of long-term changes requires researchers to identify relevant historical measurements; quantifying and quality controlling these measurements becomes central to their utilization by broader communities. This pilot study reports on the evaluation of ionograms and their inversion from the decade prior to the Space Age. The ionograms were recorded on 35mm film reels and archived at the National Geophysical Data Center World Data Center A in Boulder, Colorado. For this study, ionogram film from one of the earliest operational sites in North America, Fort Belvoir (near Washington, DC), is analyzed. This analysis generates two distinct products: a digital ionogram with virtual height and frequency coordinate registration, and scaled values including an electron density profile. Validation of the ionogram registration and its resolution are described. The scaling and inversion processing, including uncertainties for the parameters and quality assessment, are explained. This study demonstrates how the archived film ionograms can have extensive value as historic measurements of the ionosphere once they are digitized and coordinate registered. Furthermore, modern analysis of the ionograms shows that a complete bottomside ionospheric specification may be obtained at better time resolution than is typically available from original scaled data. This research has set the stage for an effective recovery of ionospheric information for almost a full solar cycle prior to International Geophysical Year. In addition, between Fort Belvoir and Wallops Island archives, an East Coast midlatitude ionospheric data set can be generated from the late 1940s through the present.
C1 [Rice, D. D.; Sojka, J. J.; Eccles, J. V.] Space Environm Corp, Providence, UT 84332 USA.
[Redmon, R.; Hunsucker, R. D.] NOAA, NGDC, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Rice, DD (reprint author), Space Environm Corp, Providence, UT 84332 USA.
EM rice@spacenv.com
FU NSF [AGS-1041939]; AFRL SBIR [FA8718-04-C-0002]
FX Scanned ionograms are available from
http://ngdc.noaa.gov/ionosonde/data/WA938/monthly/, and the analyzed
data products used in this paper are available through
http://www.spacenv.com/esir/historic/index.html We wish to acknowledge
the support of NSF AGS-1041939 and original ESIR development support
through AFRL SBIR FA8718-04-C-0002.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
EI 1944-799X
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 49
IS 8
BP 616
EP 629
DI 10.1002/2014RS005427
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA AQ5DF
UT WOS:000342824800004
ER
PT J
AU Grapes, MD
LaGrange, T
Friedman, LH
Reed, BW
Campbell, GH
Weihs, TP
LaVan, DA
AF Grapes, Michael D.
LaGrange, Thomas
Friedman, Lawrence H.
Reed, Bryan W.
Campbell, Geoffrey H.
Weihs, Timothy P.
LaVan, David A.
TI Combining nanocalorimetry and dynamic transmission electron microscopy
for in situ characterization of materials processes under rapid heating
and cooling
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; ULTRATHIN FILMS; ALLOY; PURE; DTEM
AB Nanocalorimetry is a chip-based thermal analysis technique capable of analyzing endothermic and exothermic reactions at very high heating and cooling rates. Here, we couple a nanocalorimeter with an extremely fast in situ microstructural characterization tool to identify the physical origin of rapid enthalpic signals. More specifically, we describe the development of a system to enable in situ nanocalorimetry experiments in the dynamic transmission electron microscope (DTEM), a time-resolved TEM capable of generating images and electron diffraction patterns with exposure times of 30 ns-500 ns. The full experimental system consists of a modified nanocalorimeter sensor, a custom-built in situ nanocalorimetry holder, a data acquisition system, and the DTEM itself, and is capable of thermodynamic and microstructural characterization of reactions over a range of heating rates (102 K/s-105 K/s) accessible by conventional (DC) nanocalorimetry. To establish its ability to capture synchronized calorimetric and microstructural data during rapid transformations, this work describes measurements on the melting of an aluminum thin film. We were able to identify the phase transformation in both the nanocalorimetry traces and in electron diffraction patterns taken by the DTEM. Potential applications for the newly developed system are described and future system improvements are discussed. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Grapes, Michael D.; Weihs, Timothy P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Grapes, Michael D.; Friedman, Lawrence H.; LaVan, David A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[LaGrange, Thomas; Reed, Bryan W.; Campbell, Geoffrey H.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Grapes, MD (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM mgrapes1@jhu.edu; weihs@jhu.edu; david.lavan@nist.gov
RI Weihs, Timothy/A-3313-2010; Friedman, Lawrence/G-5650-2011
OI Friedman, Lawrence/0000-0003-2416-9903
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) [70NANB9H9146];
National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-1308966]; (U.S.) Department of
Energy (DOE) by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [FWP SCW0974]
FX The authors are grateful to Chris Amigo for design guidance and
machining of the holder and to Bernadette Cannon for her help
calibrating nanocalorimeter sensors during her time as a NIST Summer
Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) student. M. D. G. and T. P. W.
were supported in part by National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST) Grant No. 70NANB9H9146 and in part by National Science Foundation
(NSF) Grant No. DMR-1308966. Nanocalorimeter fabrication was performed
at the NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology. The work
presented in this article conducted at the LLNL DTEM facility was
performed under the auspices of the (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) by
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344. The DTEM experiments conducted at LLNL and effort of
T. L., B. W. R., and G. H. C. were supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science
and Engineering under FWP SCW0974. Certain commercial equipment,
instruments, or materials are identified in this document. Such
identification does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that
the products identified are necessarily the best available for the
purpose. Since the completion of this work, T. L. and B. W. R. have
become employees at Integrated Dynamic Electron Solutions, Inc., a
startup company marketing time-resolved electron microscope technology.
NR 34
TC 3
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U1 8
U2 37
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 8
AR 084902
DI 10.1063/1.4892537
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AQ6IH
UT WOS:000342913500060
PM 25173298
ER
PT J
AU Gilbert, DA
Liao, JW
Wang, LW
Lau, JW
Klemmer, TJ
Thiele, JU
Lai, CH
Liu, K
AF Gilbert, Dustin A.
Liao, Jung-Wei
Wang, Liang-Wei
Lau, June W.
Klemmer, Timothy J.
Thiele, Jan-Ulrich
Lai, Chih-Huang
Liu, Kai
TI Probing the A1 to L1(0) transformation in FeCuPt using the first order
reversal curve method
SO APL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID BIT-PATTERNED MEDIA; FEPT NANOPARTICLES; FILMS; GROWTH; ARRAYS
AB The A1-L1(0) phase transformation has been investigated in (001) FeCuPt thin films prepared by atomic-scale multilayer sputtering and rapid thermal annealing (RTA). Traditional x-ray diffraction is not always applicable in generating a true order parameter, due to non-ideal crystallinity of the A1 phase. Using the first-order reversal curve (FORC) method, the A1 and L1(0) phases are deconvoluted into two distinct features in the FORC distribution, whose relative intensities change with the RTA temperature. The L1(0) ordering takes place via a nucleation-and-growth mode. A magnetization-based phase fraction is extracted, providing a quantitative measure of the L1(0) phase homogeneity. (C) 2014 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
C1 [Gilbert, Dustin A.; Liu, Kai] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Liao, Jung-Wei; Wang, Liang-Wei; Lai, Chih-Huang] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
[Lau, June W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Klemmer, Timothy J.; Thiele, Jan-Ulrich] Seagate Technol, Fremont, CA 94538 USA.
RP Gilbert, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RI Gilbert, Dustin/G-1683-2011; Liu, Kai/B-1163-2008
OI Gilbert, Dustin/0000-0003-3747-3883; Liu, Kai/0000-0001-9413-6782
FU NSF [DMR-1008791]; Hsinchu Science Park of Republic of China [101A16]
FX This work has been supported by the NSF (Grant No. DMR-1008791). Work at
NTHU has been supported in part by the Hsinchu Science Park of Republic
of China under Grant No. 101A16.
NR 30
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Z9 11
U1 1
U2 26
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2166-532X
J9 APL MATER
JI APL Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 8
AR 086106
DI 10.1063/1.4894197
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA AQ1UM
UT WOS:000342567700024
ER
PT J
AU Fleagle, RG
AF Fleagle, Robert G.
TI EYEWITNESS EVOLUTION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Fleagle, Robert G.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Fleagle, Robert G.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Fleagle, Robert G.] UW Dept Atmospher Sci, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 8
BP 1170
EP 1170
PG 1
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AQ1PD
UT WOS:000342552400004
ER
PT J
AU Moum, JN
de Szoeke, SP
Smyth, WD
Edson, JB
DeWitt, HL
Moulin, AJ
Thompson, EJ
Zappa, CJ
Rutledge, SA
Johnson, RH
Fairall, CW
AF Moum, James N.
de Szoeke, Simon P.
Smyth, William D.
Edson, James B.
DeWitt, H. Langley
Moulin, Aurelie J.
Thompson, Elizabeth J.
Zappa, Christopher J.
Rutledge, Steven A.
Johnson, Richard H.
Fairall, Christopher W.
TI AIR-SEA INTERACTIONS FROM WESTERLY WIND BURSTS DURING THE NOVEMBER 2011
MJO IN THE INDIAN OCEAN
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; RADAR; WAVE; PACIFIC; LAYER; PRECIPITATION;
AEROSOLS; NUCLEUS; GROWTH
C1 [Moum, James N.; de Szoeke, Simon P.; Smyth, William D.; Moulin, Aurelie J.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Edson, James B.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[DeWitt, H. Langley] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Thompson, Elizabeth J.; Rutledge, Steven A.; Johnson, Richard H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Zappa, Christopher J.] Columbia Univ, Ocean & Climate Phys Div, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
[Fairall, Christopher W.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Moum, JN (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM moum@coas.oregonstate.edu
FU Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation; National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration
FX This work was funded through strongly cooperative interagency
contributions from the Office of Naval Research, the National Science
Foundation, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. We
would like to acknowledge the significant leadership contributed by
Prof. Chidong Zhang to the broader DYNAMO project.
NR 34
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 8
BP 1185
EP 1199
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00225.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AQ1PD
UT WOS:000342552400007
ER
PT J
AU Brettschneider, B
Trypaluk, C
AF Brettschneider, Brian
Trypaluk, Carl
TI REEXAMINATION OF THE ALASKA I-DAY RECORD RAINFALL
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID QUALITY-ASSURANCE; TEMPERATURE; NETWORK; PRECIPITATION; DATABASE
C1 [Brettschneider, Brian] Borealis Sci LLC, Anchorage, AK 99507 USA.
[Trypaluk, Carl] NOAA, Hydrometeorol Design Studies Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Trypaluk, Carl] Univ Corp Atmospheric Res, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Brettschneider, B (reprint author), Borealis Sci LLC, 4801 Pavalof St, Anchorage, AK 99507 USA.
EM bbrettschneider@borealisscientific.com
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 8
BP 1249
EP 1256
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00027.I
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AQ1PD
UT WOS:000342552400013
ER
PT J
AU Baker, ET
Hemond, C
Briais, A
Maia, M
Scheirer, DS
Walker, SL
Wang, TT
Chen, YJ
AF Baker, Edward T.
Hemond, Christophe
Briais, Anne
Maia, Marcia
Scheirer, Daniel S.
Walker, Sharon L.
Wang, Tingting
Chen, Yongshun John
TI Correlated patterns in hydrothermal plume distribution and apparent
magmatic budget along 2500 km of the Southeast Indian Ridge
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrothermal activity; plume incidence; magmatic budget; Southeast
Indian Ridge; mid-ocean ridge; mantle hot spot
ID EAST PACIFIC RISE; DE-FUCA RIDGE; ICELAND MANTLE PLUME; ST PAUL HOTSPOT;
SPREADING CENTER; CRUSTAL ACCRETION; REYKJANES RIDGE; MIDOCEAN RIDGES;
AMSTERDAM; HELIUM
AB Multiple geological processes affect the distribution of hydrothermal venting along a mid-ocean ridge. Deciphering the role of a specific process is often frustrated by simultaneous changes in other influences. Here we take advantage of the almost constant spreading rate (65-71 mm/yr) along 2500 km of the Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR) between 77 degrees E and 99 degrees E to examine the spatial density of hydrothermal venting relative to regional and segment-scale changes in the apparent magmatic budget. We use 227 vertical profiles of light backscatter and (on 41 profiles) oxidation-reduction potential along 27 first and second-order ridge segments on and adjacent to the Amsterdam-St. Paul (ASP) Plateau to map p(h), the fraction of casts detecting a plume. At the regional scale, venting on the five segments crossing the magma-thickened hot spot plateau is almost entirely suppressed (p(h)=0.02). Conversely, the combined p(h) (0.34) from all other segments follows the global trend of p(h) versus spreading rate. Off the ASP Plateau, multisegment trends in p(h) track trends in the regional axial depth, high where regional depth increases and low where it decreases. At the individual segment scale, a robust correlation between p(h) and cross-axis inflation for first-order segments shows that different magmatic budgets among first-order segments are expressed as different levels of hydrothermal spatial density. This correlation is absent among second-order segments. Eighty-five percent of the plumes occur in eight clusters totaling approximate to 350 km. We hypothesize that these clusters are a minimum estimate of the length of axial melt lenses underlying this section of the SEIR.
C1 [Baker, Edward T.; Walker, Sharon L.] NOAA Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
[Hemond, Christophe; Maia, Marcia] Univ Brest, CNRS UBO, Lab Domaines Ocean, Plouzane, France.
[Briais, Anne] Univ Toulouse, CNRS, Geosci & Environm Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
[Scheirer, Daniel S.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Wang, Tingting; Chen, Yongshun John] Peking Univ, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
RP Baker, ET (reprint author), Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean PMEL, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM edward.baker@noaa.gov
FU NSF [OCE-9505667]; NOAA Vents (now Earth-Ocean Interactions) Program;
Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under
NOAA [NA10OAR4320148]; IPEV through the "Flotte Oceanographique
Francaise"; CNRS-INSU through the "Campagnes a la mer" program
FX J. Hein, R. Haymon, and two anonymous reviewers provided comments. We
thank the Masters and crews of RV "Marion Dufresne II" and the engineers
of IPEV for help during the GEISEIR I and II cruises and M. Clog for
operating MAPRs during GEISEIR I. The GEISEIR project and cruise was
funded by IPEV through the "Flotte Oceanographique Francaise" and by
CNRS-INSU through the "Campagnes a la mer" program. The 1996 cruise and
subsequent work was funded by NSF grant OCE-9505667. Additional funding
was supplied by the NOAA Vents (now Earth-Ocean Interactions) Program
and the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean
(JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement NA10OAR4320148. PMEL
contribution 4133, JISAO contribution 2207. Data for axial depth and
location, the cross-axis inflation, the mantle Bouguer anomaly of the
Southeastern Indian Ridge in our study area, and MAPR profile locations
and statistics for plume spatial density in each segment can be found in
Tables S1-S3 in the supporting information. MAPR profiles are available
from PMEL by request to ETB or SLW.
NR 57
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 23
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 8
BP 3198
EP 3211
DI 10.1002/2014GC005344
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AQ3KY
UT WOS:000342693400007
ER
PT J
AU Matsumoto, H
Bohnenstiehl, DR
Tournadre, J
Dziak, RP
Haxel, JH
Lau, TKA
Fowler, M
Salo, SA
AF Matsumoto, Haru
Bohnenstiehl, DelWayne R.
Tournadre, Jean
Dziak, Robert P.
Haxel, Joseph H.
Lau, T. -K. A.
Fowler, Matt
Salo, Sigrid A.
TI Antarctic icebergs: A significant natural ocean sound source in the
Southern Hemisphere
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Antarctica; iceberg; ocean noise; seasonality; trend
ID INDIAN-OCEAN; PACIFIC-OCEAN; NOISE; INCREASES; TRENDS; WEST
AB In late 2007, two massive icebergs, C19a and B15a, drifted into open water and slowly disintegrated in the southernmost Pacific Ocean. Archived acoustic records show that the high-intensity underwater sounds accompanying this breakup increased ocean noise levels at mid-to-equatorial latitudes over a period of approximate to 1.5 years. More typically, seasonal variations in ocean noise, which are characterized by austral summer-highs and winter-lows, appear to be modulated by the annual cycle of Antarctic iceberg drift and subsequent disintegration. This seasonal pattern is observed in all three Oceans of the Southern Hemisphere. The life cycle of Antarctic icebergs affects not only marine ecosystem but also the sound environment in far-reaching areas and must be accounted for in any effort to isolate anthropogenic or climate-induced noise contributions to the ocean soundscape.
C1 [Matsumoto, Haru; Dziak, Robert P.; Haxel, Joseph H.; Lau, T. -K. A.; Fowler, Matt] Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Matsumoto, Haru; Dziak, Robert P.; Haxel, Joseph H.; Lau, T. -K. A.; Fowler, Matt; Salo, Sigrid A.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Acoust Program, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Bohnenstiehl, DelWayne R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Tournadre, Jean] IFREMER, Lab Oceanog Spatiale, Plousane, France.
RP Matsumoto, H (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM haru.matsumoto@oregonstate.edu
RI tournadre, jean/F-8402-2010
OI tournadre, jean/0000-0003-1159-4388
FU NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory Acoustics Program;
Department of Energy [DE-A152-08NA28654]
FX This work was supported by the NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental
Laboratory Acoustics Program and the Department of Energy (Contract
number: DE-A152-08NA28654). The authors thank the CTBTO for providing
hydroacoustic data and the Air Force Technical Applications Center and
U.S. National Data Center for their assistance in obtaining the IMS
data, and Brigham Young University Center for Remote Sensing for
providing the QuickSCAT iceberg tracking data. We are grateful to the
crew of the R/V Ka'imimoana and Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere group
for many deployments and recoveries for AUHs. We also owe thanks to C.
G. Fox who led the EEP AUH project in its early stage. PMEL contribution
number 4159. We are also appreciative of discussion with M. Park and W.
Lee at Korea Polar Research Institute on ice noise.
NR 37
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U1 3
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 8
BP 3448
EP 3458
DI 10.1002/2014GC005454
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AQ3KY
UT WOS:000342693400020
ER
PT J
AU Li, YN
Peng, SQ
Wang, J
Yan, J
AF Li, Yineng
Peng, Shiqiu
Wang, Jia
Yan, Jing
TI Impacts of nonbreaking wave-stirring-induced mixing on the upper ocean
thermal structure and typhoon intensity in the South China Sea
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY; DATA ASSIMILATION ANALYSIS; WINTER
ARCTIC-OSCILLATION; SURFACE-WAVES; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONTROL;
NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; MIXED-LAYER; WIND SPEEDS; MODEL; TURBULENCE
AB To investigate the effect of nonbreaking wave-induced mixing caused by surface wave stirring on the upper ocean thermal structure (UOTS) and the typhoon intensity, a simple nonbreaking wave-stirring-induced mixing parameterization (WMP) scheme is incorporated into a regional coupled atmosphere-ocean model for the South China Sea (SCS), which couples the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) to the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model using the OASIS3 coupler. The results of simulating two selected typhoon cases indicate that the nonbreaking wave-stirring-induced mixing has significant impacts on UOTS and the typhoon intensity, and the incorporation of the simple WMP scheme in the coupled model helps to improve the simulation of UOTS and thus the typhoon intensity. In the case that the typhoon intensity is underestimated by the atmosphere model alone, the improvement of initial UOTS by the ocean model with the WMP included can deepen the initial thermocline depth, reduce the effect of SST cooling, and prevent the typhoon intensity from undesired weakening. In the case that the typhoon intensity is overestimated (with strong winds), including the WMP in the ocean model significantly enhances the total vertical mixing rate in the upper ocean, which in turn enhances the SST cooling and thus reduces the typhoon intensity as desired. The results obtained in this study make a contribution to the ongoing efforts of improving the typhoon intensity forecast using a regional atmosphere-ocean coupled model by worldwide researchers and forecasters, especially for the typhoons in the SCS regions.
C1 [Li, Yineng; Peng, Shiqiu; Yan, Jing] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Sea Inst Oceanol, State Key Lab Trop Oceanog, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Jia] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Peng, SQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, South China Sea Inst Oceanol, State Key Lab Trop Oceanog, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM speng@scsio.ac.cn
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
(MOST) [2011CB403505, 2014CB953904]; Strategic Priority Research Program
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA11010304]; Innovation Key Program
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-EW-208]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [41306013, 41376021, 41205032]; Youth
Frontier Science Project of the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology
[SQ200914]; Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences [SQ201305]; NOAA RUSALCA project
FX This work was jointly supported by the Ministry of Science and
Technology of the People's Republic of China (MOST) (2011CB403505,
2014CB953904), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese
Academy of Sciences (XDA11010304), the Innovation Key Program of the
Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-EW-208), the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (41306013, 41376021, 41205032), the Youth Frontier
Science Project of the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology
(SQ200914), the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences (SQ201305), and NOAA RUSALCA project to J.W. We thank Cathy
Darnell of NOAA GLERL for editing this paper. This is GLERL contribution
No. 1721. We gratefully acknowledge the use of the HPCC for all numeric
simulations at the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences and also thank Dr. John Bratton of NOAA GLERL for
drafting Figure 15.
NR 58
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 8
BP 5052
EP 5070
DI 10.1002/2014JC009956
PG 19
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AQ1CR
UT WOS:000342519500020
ER
PT J
AU Wahr, J
Smeed, DA
Leuliette, E
Swenson, S
AF Wahr, John
Smeed, David A.
Leuliette, Eric
Swenson, Sean
TI Seasonal variability of the Red Sea, from satellite gravity, radar
altimetry, and in situ observations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-VARIABLE GRAVITY; GRACE MEASUREMENTS; SYSTEM; EARTH; WIND
AB Seasonal variations of sea surface height (SSH) and mass within the Red Sea are caused mostly by exchange of heat with the atmosphere and by flow through the strait opening into the Gulf of Aden to the south. That flow involves a net mass transfer into the Red Sea during fall and out during spring, though in summer there is an influx of cool water at intermediate depths. Thus, summer water in the south is warmer near the surface due to higher air temperatures, but cooler at intermediate depths. Summer water in the north experiences warming by air-sea exchange only. The temperature affects water density, which impacts SSH but has no effect on mass. We study this seasonal cycle by combining GRACE mass estimates, altimeter SSH measurements, and steric contributions derived from the World Ocean Atlas temperature climatology. Among our conclusions are: mass contributions are much larger than steric contributions; the mass is largest in winter, consistent with winds pushing water into the Red Sea in fall and out during spring; the steric signal is largest in summer, consistent with surface warming; and the cool, intermediate-depth water flowing into the Red Sea in spring has little impact on the steric signal, because contributions from the lowered temperature are offset by effects of decreased salinity. The results suggest that the combined use of altimeter and GRACE measurements can provide a useful alternative to in situ data for monitoring the steric signal.
C1 [Wahr, John] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wahr, John] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Environm Studies, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Smeed, David A.] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England.
[Leuliette, Eric] NOAA, Lab Satellite Altimetry, College Pk, MD USA.
[Swenson, Sean] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Wahr, J (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM wahr@lemond.colorado.edu
RI Leuliette, Eric/D-1527-2010
OI Leuliette, Eric/0000-0002-3425-4039
FU NASA GRACE funding; NASA MEaSUREs Program
FX We thank Geruo A for providing GIA GRACE corrections, and two reviewers
for their comments. This project was supported by NASA GRACE funding,
and by the NASA MEaSUREs Program. The manuscript contents are solely the
opinions of the authors and should not be construed as an official
statement of NOAA policy, decision, or position. The GRACE, altimeter,
and WOA09 data are available at http://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/grace,
http://rads.tudelft.nl/, and
http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/WOA09/pr_woa09.html, respectively.
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 8
BP 5091
EP 5104
DI 10.1002/2014JC010161
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AQ1CR
UT WOS:000342519500022
ER
PT J
AU Heavens, NG
Johnson, MS
Abdou, WA
Kass, DM
Kleinbohl, A
McCleese, DJ
Shirley, JH
Wilson, RJ
AF Heavens, Nicholas G.
Johnson, Morgan S.
Abdou, Wedad A.
Kass, David M.
Kleinboehl, Armin
McCleese, Daniel J.
Shirley, James H.
Wilson, R. John
TI Seasonal and diurnal variability of detached dust layers in the tropical
Martian atmosphere
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ORBITER CAMERA OBSERVATIONS; WATER-ICE
CLOUDS; MARS; CRYSTALS; AGGREGATION; SIMULATION; STORMS; CYCLE;
OCCULTATIONS
AB Evidence for widespread nonuniform vertical mixing of dust in Mars's tropical atmosphere (in the form of features called "detached dust layers" or DDLs) is a challenge for atmospheric modeling. We characterize the seasonal, diurnal, and geographic variability of DDL activity in retrievals from observations by the Mars Climate Sounder onboard Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. We find that dust injection above the boundary layer, which forms DDLs, is a spatially ubiquitous phenomenon in the tropics during the daytime, implying that it has a significant nontopographic component. DDL formation is more intense in northern spring and summer than in southern spring and summer but is still common when the zonal average dust distribution appears uniformly mixed. DDLs do not appear to follow the upwelling associated with Mars's Hadley circulation or the extant climatology of local dust storm activity in the tropics. Geographic variability in the nightside vertical dust distribution does not always correlate with the dayside vertical dust distribution, implying that there is spatial and seasonal variability in the efficiency of dust deposition/removal processes. Nighttime dust removal is especially efficient over the Tharsis Montes during northern spring and summer, which suggests some association between water ice clouds and removal. Intense injection combined with efficient removal results in a high amplitude of diurnal variability in the dust distribution at 15-30 km above the surface of the tropics during much of the Martian year.
C1 [Heavens, Nicholas G.] Hampton Univ, Dept Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA.
[Johnson, Morgan S.] Rochester Inst Technol, Sch Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Abdou, Wedad A.; Kass, David M.; Kleinboehl, Armin; McCleese, Daniel J.; Shirley, James H.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, NASA, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Wilson, R. John] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Heavens, NG (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Hampton, VA 23668 USA.
EM nicholas.heavens@hamptonu.edu
OI Heavens, Nicholas/0000-0001-7654-503X
FU NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology
[1471216]
FX N.G. Heavens and M. S. Johnson acknowledge support from the NASA Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (subcontract
1471216). M. S. Johnson was hosted at Hampton University as part of the
CREST Undergraduate Research Experience program. We thank Aymeric Spiga
and an anonymous reviewer for their thorough reviews, which
significantly improved this paper. All MRO-MCS data used to produce the
results of this paper are freely available from NASA's Planetary Data
System. Any analytical code is available from the first author by
request. NOAA GFDL Mars model output is available from author Wilson by
request.
NR 56
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 8
BP 1748
EP 1774
DI 10.1002/2014JE004619
PG 27
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AQ0ZA
UT WOS:000342510000002
ER
PT J
AU Gaxiola-Robles, R
Labrada-Martagon, V
de la Rosa, ADC
Acosta-Vargas, B
Mendez-Rodriguez, LC
Zenteno-Savin, T
AF Gaxiola-Robles, Ramon
Labrada-Martagon, Vanessa
de Jesus Celis de la Rosa, Alfredo
Acosta-Vargas, Baudilio
Celina Mendez-Rodriguez, Lia
Zenteno-Savin, Tania
TI Interaction between mercury (Hg), arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) affects
the activity of glutathione S-transferase in breast milk; possible
relationship with fish and shellfish intake
SO NUTRICION HOSPITALARIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Breast milk; Generalized linear model; Glutatione S-transferase;
Oxidative stress; Trace elements
ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; DRINKING-WATER; TRACE-ELEMENTS;
MEXICO; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; WOMEN; METHYLMERCURY; TOXICITY
AB Breast milk is regarded as an ideal source of nutrients for the growth and development of neonates, but it can also be a potential source of pollutants. Mothers can be exposed to different contaminants as a result of their lifestyle and environmental pollution. Mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) could adversely affect the development of fetal and neonatal nervous system. Some fish and shellfish are rich in selenium (Se), an essential trace element that forms part of several enzymes related to the detoxification process, including glutathione S-transferase (GST). The goal of this study was to determine the interaction between Hg, As and Se and analyze its effect on the activity of GST in breast milk. Milk samples were collected from women between day 7 and 10 postpartum. The GST activity was determined spectrophotometrically; total Hg, As and Se concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. To explain the possible association of Hg, As and Se concentrations with GST activity in breast milk, generalized linear models were constructed. The model explained 44% of the GST activity measured in breast milk. The GLM suggests that GST activity was positively correlated with Hg, As and Se concentrations. The activity of the enzyme was also explained by the frequency of consumption of marine fish and shellfish in the diet of the breastfeeding women.
C1 [Gaxiola-Robles, Ramon; Labrada-Martagon, Vanessa; Acosta-Vargas, Baudilio; Celina Mendez-Rodriguez, Lia; Zenteno-Savin, Tania] Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest Biol Noroeste SC, La Paz, Baja California, Mexico.
[Gaxiola-Robles, Ramon] Inst Mexicano Segura Social, Hosp Gen Zona 1, La Paz, Baja California, Mexico.
[Labrada-Martagon, Vanessa] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Fisheries Ecol Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr,NOAA, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[de Jesus Celis de la Rosa, Alfredo] Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Ciencias Salud, Dept Salud Publ, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico.
[Celina Mendez-Rodriguez, Lia] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Mendez-Rodriguez, LC (reprint author), Ctr Invest Biol Noroeste SC, Av Inst Politecn Nacl Mar Bermejo 195, La Paz, Bcs, Mexico.
EM lmendez04@cibnor.mx
FU CONACYT-Salud [2010-C01-140272]; CONACyT [203952]; CIBNOR [PC2.0,
PC0.10, PC0.5]
FX Authors express their appreciation for the technical assistance of O
Lugo-Lugo, NO Olguin-Monroy, and students at the Oxidative Stress
Laboratory (CIBNOR) in sample processing. This project was funded by
grants from CONACYT-Salud (2010-C01-140272), sabbatical grant CONACyT
(203952) and CIBNOR (PC2.0, PC0.10, PC0.5).
NR 45
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 28
PU AULA MEDICA EDICIONES
PI MADRID
PA C/ISABEL COLBRAND, 10-12 NAVE 78 S PLANTA CIUDAD INDUSTRIAL
VENECIA-EDIFICIO ALFA, MADRID, 28050, SPAIN
SN 0212-1611
J9 NUTR HOSP
JI Nutr. Hosp.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 2
BP 436
EP 446
DI 10.3305/nh.2014.30.2.7441
PG 11
WC Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Nutrition & Dietetics
GA AP7QW
UT WOS:000342272800028
PM 25208800
ER
PT J
AU Dauler, EA
Grein, ME
Kerman, AJ
Marsili, F
Miki, S
Nam, SW
Shaw, MD
Terai, H
Verma, VB
Yamashita, T
AF Dauler, Eric A.
Grein, Matthew E.
Kerman, Andrew J.
Marsili, Francesco
Miki, Shigehito
Nam, Sae Woo
Shaw, Matthew D.
Terai, Hirotaka
Verma, Varun B.
Yamashita, Taro
TI Review of superconducting nanowire single-photon detector system design
options and demonstrated performance
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Review
DE photodetectors; detector arrays; quantum efficiency; optoelectronic
packaging
ID GIFFORD-MCMAHON CRYOCOOLER; EFFICIENCY; ARRAY
AB We describe a number of methods that have been pursued to develop superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) with attractive overall performance, including three systems that operate with >70% system detection efficiency and high maximum counting rates at wavelengths near 1550 nm. The advantages and tradeoffs of various approaches to efficient optical coupling, electrical readout, and SNSPD design are described and contrasted. Optical interfaces to the detectors have been based on fiber coupling, either directly to the detector or through the substrate, using both single-mode and multimode fibers with different approaches to alignment. Recent advances in electrical interfaces have focused on the challenges of scalability and ensuring stable detector operation at high count rates. Prospects for further advances in these and other methods are also described, which may enable larger arrays and higher-performance SNSPD systems in the future. Finally, the use of some of these techniques to develop fully packaged SNSPD systems will be described and the performance available from these recently developed systems will be reviewed. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
C1 [Dauler, Eric A.; Grein, Matthew E.; Kerman, Andrew J.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
[Marsili, Francesco; Shaw, Matthew D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Miki, Shigehito; Terai, Hirotaka; Yamashita, Taro] Natl Inst Informat & Communicat Technol, Kobe Adv Res Ctr, Nishi Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6512492, Japan.
[Nam, Sae Woo; Verma, Varun B.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Dauler, EA (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
EM edauler@LL.mit.edu
FU Defense for Research and Engineering under Air Force Contract
[FA8721-05-C-0002]
FX The MIT Lincoln Laboratory portion of this work is sponsored by the
Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering under Air
Force Contract FA8721-05-C-0002. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions,
and recommendations are those of the author and are not necessarily
endorsed by the U.S. government. Part of the research was carried out at
the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 30
TC 21
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U1 6
U2 41
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
EI 1560-2303
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 8
AR 081907
DI 10.1117/1.OE.53.8.081907
PG 13
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AO2YT
UT WOS:000341195300009
ER
PT J
AU Ye, Y
Ci, S
Lin, N
Qian, Y
AF Ye, Yun
Ci, Song
Lin, Ni
Qian, Yi
TI CROSS-LAYER DESIGN FOR DELAY- AND ENERGY-CONSTRAINED MULTIMEDIA DELIVERY
IN MOBILE TERMINALS
SO IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
AB Multimedia delivery in mobile terminals has been a central topic in developing energy-efficient mobile multimedia computing systems. The major challenge remains how to achieve optimal consumption of the limited battery capacity and time budget for a given amount of tasks, yielding maximum quality-per-energy-unit performance. A system-level cross-layer design is key to QoS-oriented energy utilization. In this article, we investigate the RED relation in the individual data processing and transmission components in the mobile terminal, and in the embedded system as a whole. The energy consumption trade-off between computation and communication is analyzed. We introduce power management schemes for the computation and communication stages of the multimedia delivery process. The configurable parameters in this process that could impact the system performance are discussed. We demonstrate our energy measurement testbed for monitoring the battery status under different parameter configurations of the embedded system. The collected data are provided for energy consumption modeling used to direct the system configuration procedure. We present a cross-layer design mechanism for the resource constrained multimedia delivery in mobile terminals. Multiple software and hardware related parameters are coordinated to control the data processing and transmission for better energy and time budget utilization. A case study on the video delivery in the battery-powered IntelMote2 is conducted to validate the efficiency of the proposed cross-layer design.
C1 [Qian, Yi] UNL, Dept Comp & Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Qian, Yi] Nortel Networks, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Qian, Yi] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA.
[Qian, Yi] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Ye, Y (reprint author), UNL, Dept Comp & Elect Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
EM yye@huskers.unl.edu; sci@unl.edu; nlin@huskers.unl.edu; yqian@ieee.org
FU National Science Foundation (NSF Award) [1145596]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge funding from the National Science
Foundation (NSF Award Number 1145596),
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1536-1284
EI 1558-0687
J9 IEEE WIREL COMMUN
JI IEEE Wirel. Commun.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 4
BP 62
EP 69
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information
Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications
GA AO8UB
UT WOS:000341629400010
ER
PT J
AU Grandfield, K
Chattah, NLT
Djomehri, S
Eidelmann, N
Eichmiller, FC
Webb, S
Schuck, PJ
Nweeia, M
Ho, SP
AF Grandfield, Kathryn
Chattah, Netta Lev-Tov
Djomehri, Sabra
Eidelmann, Naomi
Eichmiller, Frederick C.
Webb, Samuel
Schuck, P. James
Nweeia, Martin
Ho, Sunita P.
TI The narwhal (Monodon monoceros) cementum-dentin junction: A functionally
graded biointerphase
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART H-JOURNAL OF
ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Monodon monoceros; narwhal; cementum-dentin junction; biomechanics;
functional interface
ID AGGRESSIVE TUSK USE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY;
CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; BIOLOGICAL-MATERIALS; MINERALIZED TISSUES; TOOTH;
COLLAGEN; ENAMEL; DEFORMATION
AB In nature, an interface between dissimilar tissues is often bridged by a graded zone, and provides functional properties at a whole organ level. A perfect example is a biological interphase between stratified cementum and dentin of a narwhal tooth. This study highlights the graded structural, mechanical, and chemical natural characteristics of a biological interphase known as the cementum-dentin junction layer and their effect in resisting mechanical loads. From a structural perspective, light and electron microscopy techniques illustrated the layer as a wide 1000-2000m graded zone consisting of higher density continuous collagen fiber bundles from the surface of cementum to dentin, that parallels hygroscopic 50-100m wide collagenous region in human teeth. The role of collagen fibers was evident under compression testing during which the layer deformed more compared to cementum and dentin. This behavior is reflected through site-specific nanoindentation indicating a lower elastic modulus of 2.2 +/- 0.5 GPa for collagen fiber bundle compared to 3 +/- 0.4 GPa for mineralized regions in the layer. Similarly, microindentation technique illustrated lower hardness values of 0.36 +/- 0.05 GPa, 0.33 +/- 0.03 GPa, and 0.3 +/- 0.07 GPa for cementum, dentin, and cementum-dentin layer, respectively. Biochemical analyses including Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron-source microprobe X-ray fluorescence demonstrated a graded composition across the interface, including a decrease in mineral-to-matrix and phosphate-to-carbonate ratios, as well as the presence of tidemark-like bands with Zn. Understanding the structure-function relationships of wider tissue interfaces can provide insights into natural tissue and organ function.
C1 [Grandfield, Kathryn; Djomehri, Sabra; Ho, Sunita P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Prevent & Restorat Dent Sci, Div Biomat & Bioengn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Chattah, Netta Lev-Tov] Israel Natl Police, Div Identificat & Forens Sci, Jerusalem, Israel.
[Eidelmann, Naomi] NIST, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Eichmiller, Frederick C.] Delta Dent Wisconsin, Stevens Point, WI USA.
[Webb, Samuel] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Schuck, P. James] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Nweeia, Martin] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Ho, SP (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Prevent & Restorat Dent Sci, Div Biomat & Bioengn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
EM sunita.ho@ucsf.edu
RI Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014
FU NIH/NIDCR [R00DE018212]; NIH/NCRR [S10RR026645]; Department of
Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, UCSF; Department of
Orofacial Sciences, UCSF; Faculty of Engineering, McMaster University,
Canada; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; [NIH/NIDCR-R01DE022032]
FX The authors acknowledge funding support from NIH/NIDCR R00DE018212
(SPH), NIH/NIDCR-R01DE022032 (SPH), NIH/NCRR S10RR026645 (SPH) and
Departments of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences and Orofacial
Sciences, UCSF. K. G. acknowledges financial support from the Faculty of
Engineering, McMaster University, Canada. Work at the Molecular Foundry
was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
NR 44
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U1 7
U2 35
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0954-4119
EI 2041-3033
J9 P I MECH ENG H
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part H-J. Eng. Med.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 228
IS 8
BP 754
EP 767
DI 10.1177/0954411914547553
PG 14
WC Engineering, Biomedical
SC Engineering
GA AP4PA
UT WOS:000342058800002
PM 25205746
ER
PT J
AU Weaver, CP
Mooney, S
Allen, D
Beller-Simms, N
Fish, T
Grambsch, AE
Hohenstein, W
Jacobs, K
Kenney, MA
Lane, MA
Langner, L
Larson, E
McGinnis, DL
Moss, RH
Nichols, LG
Nierenberg, C
Seyller, EA
Stern, PC
Winthrop, R
AF Weaver, C. P.
Mooney, S.
Allen, D.
Beller-Simms, N.
Fish, T.
Grambsch, A. E.
Hohenstein, W.
Jacobs, K.
Kenney, M. A.
Lane, M. A.
Langner, L.
Larson, E.
McGinnis, D. L.
Moss, R. H.
Nichols, L. G.
Nierenberg, C.
Seyller, E. A.
Stern, P. C.
Winthrop, R.
TI From global change science to action with social sciences
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID CLIMATE ADAPTATION
C1 [Weaver, C. P.; Grambsch, A. E.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Mooney, S.] Boise State Univ, Dept Econ, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[Mooney, S.] Natl Sci Fdn, Expt Program Stimulate Competit Res, Arlington, VA 22230 USA.
[Allen, D.; Seyller, E. A.] US Global Change Res Program, Washington, DC 20006 USA.
[Beller-Simms, N.; Nierenberg, C.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Fish, T.] US Dept Interior, Washington, DC 20240 USA.
[Hohenstein, W.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
[Jacobs, K.] Univ Arizona, Ctr Climate Adaptat Sci & Solut, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Jacobs, K.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Kenney, M. A.] Univ Maryland, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Lane, M. A.; Stern, P. C.] CNR, Board Environm Change & Soc, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
[Langner, L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
[Larson, E.] NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[McGinnis, D. L.] Montana State Univ, Billings, MT 59101 USA.
[Moss, R. H.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Moss, R. H.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Nichols, L. G.] Natl Sci Fdn, Div Behav & Cognit Sci, Arlington, VA 22230 USA.
[Winthrop, R.] Bureau Land Management, Washington, DC 20003 USA.
RP Weaver, CP (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM weaver.chris@epa.gov
RI Weaver, Christopher/G-3714-2010
OI Weaver, Christopher/0000-0003-4016-5451
NR 22
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U1 1
U2 27
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 8
BP 656
EP 659
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AO7YF
UT WOS:000341568200010
ER
PT J
AU Petes, LE
Howard, JF
Helmuth, BS
Fly, EK
AF Petes, Laura E.
Howard, Jennifer F.
Helmuth, Brian S.
Fly, Elizabeth K.
TI Science integration into US climate and ocean policy
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; CHANGING CLIMATE; NORTH-AMERICA; ATLANTIC; BENEFITS;
DROUGHT; ISLANDS; NETWORK; IMPACT
AB The pace of environmental change lends urgency to the need for integration of climate considerations into ocean policy and management. A recent rapid expansion of ocean and climate policies provides a timely window of opportunity for the scientific community to inform and support these efforts. Lessons can be learned from successful initiatives, where scientists are working hand-in-hand with decision makers and managers to enhance ocean resilience. Looking ahead, the most pressing decision-needs associated with oceans and climate change should serve to prioritize and drive scientific efforts.
C1 [Petes, Laura E.] NOAA, Climate Program Off, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Howard, Jennifer F.] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
[Helmuth, Brian S.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Marine & Environm Sci, Nahant, MA 01908 USA.
[Helmuth, Brian S.] Northeastern Univ, Ctr Marine Sci, Sch Publ Policy & Urban Affairs, Nahant, MA 01908 USA.
[Fly, Elizabeth K.] South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, Charleston, SC 29407 USA.
[Fly, Elizabeth K.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Geog, Carolinas Integrated Sci & Assessments, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Petes, LE (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Program Off, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Laura.Petes@noaa.gov
OI Helmuth, Brian/0000-0003-0180-3414
NR 41
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 17
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 8
BP 671
EP 677
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2312
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AO7YF
UT WOS:000341568200018
ER
PT J
AU Sansonetti, CJ
Nave, G
AF Sansonetti, Craig J.
Nave, Gillian
TI EXTENDED ANALYSIS OF THE SPECTRUM OF SINGLY IONIZED CHROMIUM (Cr II)
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data; infrared: general; line: identification; methods:
laboratory: atomic; techniques: spectroscopic; ultraviolet: general
ID TELESCOPE IMAGING SPECTROGRAPH; ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRUM; SPACE-TELESCOPE;
HOLLOW-CATHODE; ENERGY-LEVELS
AB We have made new observations of the spectrum of singly ionized chromium (Cr II) in the region 2850-37900 angstrom with the National Institute of Standards and Technology 2m Fourier transform spectrometer. These data extend our previously reported observations in the near-ultra-violet region. We present a comprehensive list of more than 5300 Cr II lines classified as transitions among 456 even and 457 odd levels, 179 of which are newly located in this work. Using highly excited levels of the 3d(4)(D-5)5g, 3d(4)(D-5)6g, and 3d(4)(D-5)6h configurations, we derive an improved ionization energy of 132971.02 +/- 0.12 cm (1) (16.486305 +/- 0.000015 eV).
C1 [Sansonetti, Craig J.; Nave, Gillian] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sansonetti, CJ (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNH10AN38I]
FX This work was partially supported by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) under interagency agreement NNH10AN38I.
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
EI 1538-4365
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 213
IS 2
AR 28
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/213/2/28
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AP0TM
UT WOS:000341777400010
ER
PT J
AU Charnotskii, MI
AF Charnotskii, Mikhail I.
TI Optical phase under deep turbulence conditions
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND
VISION
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER-BEAM; DISLOCATIONS; PROPAGATION; STATISTICS; WAVE
AB The Markov approximation for waves in random media specifies that, under strong scintillation conditions, the optical field of unbounded waves has a normal probability distribution with zero mean. Using the coherence function provided by the Markov approximation, we calculate statistics of the phase of the optical field that accounts for the presence of multiple phase dislocations. We also develop and test a Monte Carlo model that generates the phase samples obeying these statistics. In contrast to numerous phase models described in the literature, this model generates discontinuous phase samples that contain optical vortices. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America
C1 [Charnotskii, Mikhail I.] Zel Technol LLC, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Charnotskii, Mikhail I.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Charnotskii, MI (reprint author), Zel Technol LLC, 325 Broadway R PSD 99, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Mikhail.Charnotskii@noaa.gov
RI Charnotskii, Mikhail/A-7193-2013
OI Charnotskii, Mikhail/0000-0002-8315-8254
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1084-7529
EI 1520-8532
J9 J OPT SOC AM A
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 31
IS 8
BP 1766
EP 1772
DI 10.1364/JOSAA.31.001766
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AO8GL
UT WOS:000341591600011
PM 25121533
ER
PT J
AU Delworth, TL
Zeng, FR
AF Delworth, Thomas L.
Zeng, Fanrong
TI Regional rainfall decline in Australia attributed to anthropogenic
greenhouse gases and ozone levels Latitude
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANNULAR MODE; VARIABILITY; TRENDS; DRY
AB Precipitation in austral autumn and winter has declined over parts of southern and especially southwestern Australia in the past few decades(1-4). According to observations and climate models, at least part of this decline is associated with changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation(1,2,5-14), including a poleward movement of the westerly winds and increasing atmospheric surface pressure over parts of southern Australia. Here we use a high-resolution global climate model to analyse the causes of this rainfall decline. In our simulations, many aspects of the observed regional rainfall decline over southern and southwest Australia are reproduced in response to anthropogenic changes in levels of greenhouse gases and ozone in the atmosphere, whereas anthropogenic aerosols do not contribute to the simulated precipitation decline. Simulations of future climate with this model suggest amplified winter drying over most parts of southern Australia in the coming decades in response to a high-end scenario of changes in radiative forcing. The drying is most pronounced over southwest Australia, with total reductions in austral autumn and winter precipitation of approximately 40% by the late twenty-first century.
C1 [Delworth, Thomas L.; Zeng, Fanrong] Princeton Univ, NOAA, GFDL, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
RP Delworth, TL (reprint author), Princeton Univ, NOAA, GFDL, POB 308, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
EM tom.delworth@noaa.gov
RI Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014
NR 30
TC 38
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 37
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 8
BP 583
EP 587
DI 10.1038/NGEO2201
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AO8WE
UT WOS:000341635100015
ER
PT J
AU Nam, HG
Kim, BG
Han, SO
Lee, C
Lee, SS
AF Nam, Hyoung-Gu
Kim, Byung-Gon
Han, Sang-Ok
Lee, Chulkyu
Lee, Seoung-Soo
TI Characteristics of easterly-induced snowfall in Yeongdong and its
relationship to air-sea temperature difference
SO ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Snowfall; air-sea temperature difference; instability; East Sea
AB Characteristics of snowfall episodes have been investigated for the past ten years in order to study its association with lowlevel stability and air-sea temperature difference over the East Sea. In general, the selected snowfall episodes have similar synoptic setting such as the Siberian High extended to northern Japan along with the Low passing by the southern Korean Peninsula, eventually resulting in the easterly flow in the Yeongdong region. Especially in the heavy snowfall episodes, convective unstable layers have been identified over the East sea due to relatively warm sea surface temperature (SST) about 8 similar to 10A degrees C and specifically cold pool around 1 similar to 2 km above the surface level (ASL), which can be derived from Regional Data Assimilation and Prediction System (RDAPS), but that have not been clearly exhibited in the weak snowfall episodes. The basic mechanism to initiate snowfall around Yeongdong seems to be similar to that of lake-effect snowstorms around Great Lakes in the United States (Kristovich et al., 2003). Difference of equivalent potential temperature (theta (e) ) between 850 hPa and surface as well as difference between air and sea temperatures altogether gradually began to increase in the pre-snowfall period and reached their maximum values in the course of the period, whose air (850 hPa) - sea temperature difference and snowfall intensity in case of the heavy snowfall episodes are almost larger than 20A degrees C and 6 tims greater than the weak snowfall episodes, respectively. Interestingly, snowfall appeared to begin in case of an air-sea temperature difference exceeding over 15A degrees C. The current analysis is overall consistent with the previous finding (Lee et al., 2012) that an instabilityinduced moisture supply to the lower atmosphere from the East sea, being cooled and saturated in the lower layer, so to speak, East Sea-Effect Snowfall (SES), would make a low-level ice cloud which eventually moves inland by the easterly flow. In addition, a longlasting synoptic characteristics and convergence-induced invigoration also appear to play the important roles in the severe snowstorms. Improvements in our understanding of mesoscale sea-effect snowstorms require detailed in-situ and remote sensing observations over and around East Sea since observations of the concurrent thermodynamic and microphysical characteristics have not been available there and this study emphasizes the importance of low level stability as quantitative estimation of moist static energy generation over the East Sea.
C1 [Nam, Hyoung-Gu; Kim, Byung-Gon] Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Dept Atmospher Environm Sci, Kangnung 210702, Gangwon Do, South Korea.
[Han, Sang-Ok] KMA, Natl Inst Meteorol Res, High Impact Weather Res Ctr, Cheju, South Korea.
[Lee, Chulkyu] KMA, Natl Inst Meteorol Res, Appl Meteorol Lab, Cheju, South Korea.
[Lee, Seoung-Soo] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
RP Kim, BG (reprint author), Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Dept Atmospher Environm Sci, 123 Jibyun, Kangnung 210702, Gangwon Do, South Korea.
EM bgk@gwnu.ac.kr
FU High Impact Weather Research Center [NIMR-2012-B-7]; Advanced Research
on Applied Meteorology - National Institute of Meteorological Research
(NIMR) of the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA)
FX This study was supported by a Grant (NIMR-2012-B-7) of High Impact
Weather Research Center and Advanced Research on Applied Meteorology
funded by the National Institute of Meteorological Research (NIMR) of
the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA).
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU KOREAN METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI SEOUL
PA SHINKIL-DONG 508, SIWON BLDG 704, YONGDUNGPO-GU, SEOUL, 150-050, SOUTH
KOREA
SN 1976-7633
EI 1976-7951
J9 ASIA-PAC J ATMOS SCI
JI Asia-Pac. J. Atmos. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 4
BP 541
EP 552
DI 10.1007/s13143-014-0044-3
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AO6FG
UT WOS:000341444600012
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, KA
Heppell, SS
Thompson, GG
AF Thompson, Kevin A.
Heppell, Selina S.
Thompson, Grant G.
TI The effects of temperature and predator densities on the consumption of
walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) by three groundfish in the Gulf of
Alaska
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID FOOD-WEB; FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSE; ATLANTIC COD; THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA;
MULTIMODEL INFERENCE; PREY INTERACTIONS; MODEL SELECTION; STREAM FISH;
BARENTS SEA; ECOLOGY
AB Many multispecies models have assumed that prey density determines per-capita predator consumption rates, following a functional response relationship. However, empirical evidence suggests that a predator's diet can also be influenced by a variety of environmental factors, including interactions with other predators. We used diet and abundance data from National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) bottom trawl surveys for three groundfish predators (Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus), Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis), and sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria)) in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) to determine whether temperature or other species influence the consumption of walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus). Using an information-theoretic approach, we tested for relationships between walleye pollock observed in predator stomachs and predator length, bottom temperature, prey availability (walleye pollock catch per unit effort (CPUE) scaled by observed prey lengths), and CPUE of the three predators and arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias). Predator length was positively related to walleye pollock presence and proportion of total diet mass in all predators. Increased temperatures negatively affected consumption of walleye pollock by Pacific halibut, but not the other predators. We found evidence for a number of interpredator effects of co-occurring predators, both positive (facultative) and negative (competitive). Surprisingly, observed prey density was not statistically significant with respect to consumption for these predators, suggesting that trawls sample the environment far differently than walleye pollock predators or species interactions are more complex than those used in previous multispecies models. These factors should be considered for future models contributing to ecosystem-based management.
C1 [Thompson, Kevin A.; Heppell, Selina S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Thompson, Grant G.] NOAA, Natl Marine Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Thompson, KA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM kevin.thompson@oregonstate.edu
FU NMFS Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) program; Oregon State
University Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Thomas G. Scott
Publication Fund
FX Thomas Hurst, Sarah Gaichas (NOAA), and Lorenzo Cianelli (Oregon State
University) provided scientific insight throughout this study and
valuable edits to the manuscript. Diet data was provided by the food
habits laboratory of the Resource Ecology and Fisheries Management
(REFM) division of AFSC, and the Resource Assessment and Conservation
Engineering (RACE) division provided the catch data necessary for this
work. Allison Evans provided statistical, graphical, and editorial
input, and Will Sattherwhaite also provided editorial comments that
improved this paper. A grant from the NMFS Fisheries and the Environment
(FATE) program funded this work. Publication of this paper was
supported, in part, by the Oregon State University Department of
Fisheries and Wildlife, Thomas G. Scott Publication Fund. The findings
and conclusions in the paper are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the National Marine Fisheries
Service.
NR 54
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 22
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 8
BP 1123
EP 1133
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0260
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AO7FN
UT WOS:000341517800001
ER
PT J
AU Weber, N
Bouwes, N
Jordan, CE
AF Weber, Nicholas
Bouwes, Nicolaas
Jordan, Chris E.
TI Estimation of salmonid habitat growth potential through measurements of
invertebrate food abundance and temperature
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; DRIFT-FEEDING SALMONIDS; JUVENILE
RAINBOW-TROUT; INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL; BROWN TROUT; COHO SALMON;
TERRESTRIAL INVERTEBRATES; STREAM SALMONIDS; CUTTHROAT TROUT; TERRITORY
SIZE
AB Criteria used to characterize lotic salmonid habitat suitability are often based on correlations between physical habitat characteristics and salmonid abundance. Focusing on physical habitat features ignores other habitat components, such as an adequate food supply, that limit the amount of energy available for growth and survival. We tested the degree that food availability and temperature influence lotic salmonid consumption and growth rates and outline an approach for assessing habitat quality based on measurements of these features. We collected benthic and drifting invertebrate abundances, stream temperatures, and juvenile steelhead - rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss gairdneri) summer growth rates among nine stream segments in central Oregon. Stream temperatures and growth rates were used in bioenergetics model simulations to estimate O. mykiss consumption rates. The variation in O. mykiss consumption rates was explained by measurements of total drift biomass along a type II predator response curve (R-2 = 0.71). This simplified foraging relationship between food abundance and consumption is then used to estimate the consumption component of the bioenergetics model to allow estimation of salmonid growth potential. Validation of the growth potential model produced reasonably accurate estimates of fish growth rates at reaches within the study area and precise but biased estimates in novel systems. While additional reach-level habitat information may be required to make the model more generalizable, the assessment of invertebrate food availability offers a simple yet powerful approach for describing the growth potential of stream habitat.
C1 [Weber, Nicholas] Eco Log Res Inc, Providence, UT 84332 USA.
[Bouwes, Nicolaas] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Jordan, Chris E.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Math Biol & Syst Monitoring Program, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Weber, N (reprint author), Eco Log Res Inc, 456 S 100 W, Providence, UT 84332 USA.
EM nick.weber@ecologicalresearch.net
OI Bouwes, Nicolaas/0000-0003-0249-3593
FU NOAA Fisheries [2003-017]; Bonneville Power Administration
FX Funding for this project (2003-017) was provided by NOAA Fisheries and
the Bonneville Power Administration. Ian Tattam, Seth White, and many
others assisted with the field data collection that made this project
possible. Additional thanks are due to the faculty, staff, and students
from the Watershed Sciences Department at Utah State University, who
were integral in the development, execution, and completion of this
study.
NR 66
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 50
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 8
BP 1158
EP 1170
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0390
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AO7FN
UT WOS:000341517800004
ER
PT J
AU Conn, PB
Johnson, DS
Fritz, LW
Fadely, BS
AF Conn, Paul B.
Johnson, Devin S.
Fritz, Lowell W.
Fadely, Brian S.
TI Examining the utility of fishery and survey data to detect prey removal
effects on Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus)
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN STOCK; POPULATION DECLINE; MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS; COMMERCIAL
FISHERIES; ALASKA; HYPOTHESIS; DYNAMICS; MODELS; DIET; AGE
AB One focus of mitigation for Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) declines in Alaska has been to restrict commercial fishery activity around sea lion rookeries and haul-outs. However, a variety of statistical hypothesis tests have failed to relate sea lion population metrics to fish and fishing variables, prompting speculation that regulations may be unwarranted. In this study, we use simulation to show that standard hypothesis tests often have overstated power to detect a relationship between Steller sea lion vital rates and fish or fishing variables. The power and utility of hypothesis tests largely depend on choosing appropriate dependent and independent variables. In particular, pup counts were the most effective for diagnosing fecundity effects, and successive ratios of adult counts were the most effective for diagnosing survival effects. Fish relative abundance was the most effective independent variable, with other choices (e.g., fishery catch) often resulting in misleading inferences. We argue that Bayes factors are best suited for characterizing the relationship between fish abundance and Steller sea lion vital rates and that existing evidence does not preclude a strong relationship between sea lion fecundity and the availability of commercially harvested fish stocks.
C1 [Conn, Paul B.; Johnson, Devin S.; Fritz, Lowell W.; Fadely, Brian S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Conn, PB (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM paul.conn@noaa.gov
RI Fadely, Brian/P-3601-2015
OI Fadely, Brian/0000-0002-9172-1887
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 16
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 8
BP 1229
EP 1242
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0602
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AO7FN
UT WOS:000341517800010
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, WL
Schulz, M
Fritze, H
AF Johnson, Ward L.
Schulz, Michal
Fritze, Holger
TI High-Temperature Electroacoustic Characterization of Y-Cut and
Singly-Rotated Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 Resonators
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
ID DEFECT CHEMISTRY; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; LANGASITE; LA3GA5SIO14; LANGANITE
AB Synthetic piezoelectric crystals in the P321 crystal class have been a focus of substantial research that is largely driven by applications in high-temperature resonant BAW and SAW sensing. Fully ordered crystals in this class, such as Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 (CTGS), have been suggested as offering the potential of electroacoustic performance that is superior to more extensively studied langasite (LGS) and langatate (LGT), which are partially disordered. In this study, the resonant frequencies, acoustic damping, and electrical conductivity of CTGS bulk acoustic resonators with Y-cut and (YXl)-30 degrees crystal orientations and fundamental frequencies near 5 MHz are investigated at temperatures between ambient and 1100 degrees C. (YXl)-30 degrees resonators are found to have turnover temperatures near 200 degrees C for the third and fifth overtones, in contrast to a monotonic decrease in resonant frequencies of Y-cut crystals with increasing temperature. The maximum temperature derivative of fractional changes in fifth-overtone frequency of (YXl)-30 degrees CTGS is 40 x 10(-6)K(-1) (near 1100 degrees C), and this value is not greatly different from the temperature derivative of Y-cut CTGS frequencies over a broader range of temperatures. At ambient temperatures, the acoustic loss Q(-1) of CTGS with both crystal orientations is found to be greater than the lowest values previously reported for LGS and LGT. The electrical conductivity of the CTGS specimens between 500 degrees C and 1100 degrees C is substantially lower than that previously reported for LGS. Corresponding to this lower conductivity, the piezoelectric/conductive contribution to Q(-1) at elevated temperatures is reduced. Additional anelastic relaxation peaks observed between 100 degrees C and 700 degrees C are similar to those previously reported for LGS and LGT.
C1 [Johnson, Ward L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Johnson, Ward L.] NIST, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO USA.
[Schulz, Michal; Fritze, Holger] Tech Univ Clausthal, High Temp Sensor Grp, Inst Energy Res & Phys Technol, Goslar, Germany.
RP Johnson, WL (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM wjohnson@boulder.nist.gov
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 19
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-3010
EI 1525-8955
J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR
JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 8
BP 1433
EP 1441
DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2014.3052
PG 9
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Acoustics; Engineering
GA AO8GJ
UT WOS:000341591400022
PM 25215383
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Y
Lewis, R
Radebaugh, R
Lin, MMH
Bright, VM
Lee, YC
AF Wang, Yunda
Lewis, Ryan
Radebaugh, Ray
Lin, Martin M. -H.
Bright, Victor M.
Lee, Yung-Cheng
TI A Monolithic Polyimide Micro Cryogenic Cooler: Design, Fabrication, and
Test
SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Micro cryogenic cooler; polyimide; monolithic; 3-D interconnect; mixed
refrigerant; fluid micro channels; wafer-level process
ID MICROMINIATURE REFRIGERATION; MIXED-REFRIGERANT; TEMPERATURES;
TECHNOLOGY; STAGE
AB In this paper, we present the design, fabrication, and testing of a monolithic polymer Joule-Thomson microcryogenic cooler (MCC) cold stage. The MCC cold stages were fabricated monolithically on a wafer out of polyimide. The fabrication was based on surface micromachining technologies using electroplated copper as the sacrificial layers and polyimide as the structural material. The process consisted of multilayers of metallization, coating of polyimide, and the patterning on each layer. One of the key techniques enabling this monolithic approach was the development of the wafer-level 3-D interconnect for making high pressure (e.g., 10 atm) polymer fluid microchannels. To evaluate the performance of the MCC, a five-component fluid mixture designed for cooling from 300 to 200 K was used as a refrigerant. The cold tip reached 190 K under a refrigerant pressure ratio of 6.2:1.1 bar. The heat-lift at 200 K was measured to be 5.2 mW. [2013-0211]
C1 [Wang, Yunda] Palo Alto Res Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
[Lewis, Ryan; Bright, Victor M.; Lee, Yung-Cheng] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Radebaugh, Ray] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lin, Martin M. -H.] Symmetricom Inc, Beverly, MA 01915 USA.
RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Palo Alto Res Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
EM yundawangyd@gmail.com; ryan.j.lewis-1@colorado.edu;
radebaugh@boulder.nist.gov; muhongcolorado@yahoo.com;
victor.bright@colorado.edu; leeyc@colorado.edu
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Micro Cryogenic Cooler Program
[NBCHC060052, W31P4Q-10-1-0004]; Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network
at the Colorado Nanofabrication Laboratory
FX This work was supported in part by the Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency Micro Cryogenic Cooler Program under Grant NBCHC060052
and Grant W31P4Q-10-1-0004, and in part by the Nanotechnology
Infrastructure Network at the Colorado Nanofabrication Laboratory.
Subject Editor L. Lin.
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 23
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1057-7157
EI 1941-0158
J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S
JI J. Microelectromech. Syst.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 4
BP 934
EP 943
DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2014.2301631
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments &
Instrumentation; Physics
GA AO8AB
UT WOS:000341573300021
ER
PT J
AU Bearden, DW
Beger, RD
Broadhurst, D
Dunn, W
Edison, A
Guillou, C
Trengove, R
Viant, M
Wilson, I
AF Bearden, Daniel W.
Beger, Richard D.
Broadhurst, David
Dunn, Warwick
Edison, Arthur
Guillou, Claude
Trengove, Robert
Viant, Mark
Wilson, Ian
TI The New Data Quality Task Group (DQTG): ensuring high quality data today
and in the future
SO METABOLOMICS
LA English
DT News Item
C1 [Bearden, Daniel W.] NIST, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Beger, Richard D.] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Div Syst Biol, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA.
[Broadhurst, David] Univ Alberta, Dept Med, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
[Dunn, Warwick; Viant, Mark] Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
[Edison, Arthur] Univ Florida, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Guillou, Claude] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
[Trengove, Robert] Murdoch Univ, Separat Sci & Metabol Lab, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
[Wilson, Ian] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Surg & Canc, London, England.
RP Bearden, DW (reprint author), NIST, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM dan.bearden@nist.gov; richard.beger@fda.hhs.gov
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1573-3882
EI 1573-3890
J9 METABOLOMICS
JI Metabolomics
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 4
BP 539
EP 540
DI 10.1007/s11306-014-0679-1
PG 2
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA AO5YE
UT WOS:000341422300001
ER
PT J
AU Viant, MR
Bearden, DW
Creek, DJ
Fiehn, O
Robertson, DG
AF Viant, Mark R.
Bearden, Daniel W.
Creek, Darren J.
Fiehn, Oliver
Robertson, Donald G.
TI Supporting the industry sector of the metabolomics community: the remit
of the Metabolomics Society's Industry Engagement Task Group
SO METABOLOMICS
LA English
DT News Item
C1 [Viant, Mark R.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Bearden, Daniel W.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Creek, Darren J.] Monash Univ, Monash Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Parkville, Vic, Australia.
[Fiehn, Oliver] Univ Calif Davis, UC Davis Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Robertson, Donald G.] Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Appl & Invest Metabol, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
RP Viant, MR (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
EM m.viant@bham.ac.uk
RI Viant, Mark/B-6339-2009
OI Viant, Mark/0000-0001-5898-4119
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1573-3882
EI 1573-3890
J9 METABOLOMICS
JI Metabolomics
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 4
BP 541
EP 542
DI 10.1007/s11306-014-0681-7
PG 2
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA AO5YE
UT WOS:000341422300002
ER
PT J
AU Wickham, J
Homer, C
Vogelmann, J
McKerrow, A
Mueller, R
Herold, N
Coulston, J
AF Wickham, James
Homer, Collin
Vogelmann, James
McKerrow, Alexa
Mueller, Rick
Herold, Nate
Coulston, John
TI The Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium-20 Years of
Development and Integration of USA National Land Cover Data
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE C-CAP; change detection; Cropland Data Layer (CDL); GAP; LANDFIRE; NLCD
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; THEMATIC ACCURACY; IMPERVIOUS SURFACE; NLCD
2001; ANCILLARY DATA; PERCENT TREE; IMAGERY; COMPLETION; EMERGENCE;
CANOPY
AB The Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium demonstrates the national benefits of USA Federal collaboration. Starting in the mid-1990s as a small group with the straightforward goal of compiling a comprehensive national Landsat dataset that could be used to meet agencies' needs, MRLC has grown into a group of 10 USA Federal Agencies that coordinate the production of five different products, including the National Land Cover Database (NLCD), the Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP), the Cropland Data Layer (CDL), the Gap Analysis Program (GAP), and the Landscape Fire and Resource Management Planning Tools (LANDFIRE). As a set, the products include almost every aspect of land cover from impervious surface to detailed crop and vegetation types to fire fuel classes. Some products can be used for land cover change assessments because they cover multiple time periods. The MRLC Consortium has become a collaborative forum, where members share research, methodological approaches, and data to produce products using established protocols, and we believe it is a model for the production of integrated land cover products at national to continental scales. We provide a brief overview of each of the main products produced by MRLC and examples of how each product has been used. We follow that with a discussion of the impact of the MRLC program and a brief overview of future plans.
C1 [Wickham, James] USA Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Exposure Res Lab E243 05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Homer, Collin; Vogelmann, James] USA Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[McKerrow, Alexa] N Carolina State Univ, USA Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Mueller, Rick] USA Dept Agr, Natl Agr Stat Serv, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Herold, Nate] NOAA, Coastal Serv Ctr, Charleston, SC 29405 USA.
[Coulston, John] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA.
RP Wickham, J (reprint author), USA Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Exposure Res Lab E243 05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM wickham.james@epa.gov; homer@usgs.gov; vogel@usgs.gov;
alexa_mckerrow@ncsu.edu; rick_mueller@nass.usda.gov;
nate.herold@noaa.gov; jcoulston@fs.fed.us
OI Vogelmann, James/0000-0002-0804-5823
FU The USA Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research
and Development
FX The USA Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research
and Development partially funded and collaborated in the research
described here. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for
publication. Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the
views of the Agency. We thank Jeffery Eidenshink and Don Ohlen of the
USGS and five anonymous journal reviewers for the helpful comments on
earlier versions of the paper.
NR 62
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 21
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 8
BP 7424
EP 7441
DI 10.3390/rs6087424
PG 18
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA AO7FV
UT WOS:000341518700029
ER
PT J
AU Balk, AL
Mair, LO
Mathai, PP
Patrone, PN
Wang, W
Ahmed, S
Mallouk, TE
Liddle, JA
Stavis, SM
AF Balk, Andrew L.
Mair, Lamar O.
Mathai, Pramod P.
Patrone, Paul N.
Wang, Wei
Ahmed, Suzanne
Mallouk, Thomas E.
Liddle, J. Alexander
Stavis, Samuel M.
TI Kilohertz Rotation of Nanorods Propelled by Ultrasound, Traced by
Microvortex Advection of Nanoparticles
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE acoustic; microvortex; nanomotor; nanoparticle; nanorod; rotation;
ultrasonic; ultrasound
ID MAGNETIC HELICAL MICROMACHINES; DRUG-DELIVERY; NANOMOTORS; NANOSPRINGS;
PARTICLES; DIAGNOSIS; TRANSPORT; DRIVEN; FORCE
AB We measure the microvortical flows around gold nanorods propelled by ultrasound in water using polystyrene nanoparticles as optical tracers. We infer the rotational frequencies of such nanomotors assuming a hydrodynamic model of this interaction. In this way, we find that nanomotors rotate around their longitudinal axes at frequencies of up to approximate to 25 kHz, or approximate to 150 000 rpm, in the planar pressure node of a half-wavelength layered acoustic resonator driven at approximate to 3 MHz with an acoustic energy density of < 10 J.m(-3). The corresponding tangential speeds of up to approximate to 25 mm.s(-1) at a nanomotor radius of approximate to 160 rim are 2 orders of magnitude faster than the translational speeds of up to 20 mu m.s(-1). We also find that rotation and translation are independent modes of motion within experimental uncertainty. Our study is an important step toward understanding the behavior and fulfilling the potential of this dynamic nanotechnology for hydrodynamically interacting with biological media, as well as other applications involving nanoscale transport, mixing, drilling, assembly, and theology. Our results also establish the fastest reported rotation of a nanomotor in aqueous solution.
C1 [Balk, Andrew L.; Mair, Lamar O.; Mathai, Pramod P.; Patrone, Paul N.; Liddle, J. Alexander; Stavis, Samuel M.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Balk, Andrew L.; Mair, Lamar O.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Mathai, Pramod P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Patrone, Paul N.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Patrone, Paul N.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Math & Its Applicat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Wang, Wei; Ahmed, Suzanne; Mallouk, Thomas E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Stavis, SM (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM samuel.stavis@nist.gov
RI Mallouk, Thomas/K-7391-2012; Wang, Wei/F-9274-2013; Liddle,
James/A-4867-2013
OI Mallouk, Thomas/0000-0003-4599-4208; Wang, Wei/0000-0003-4163-3173;
Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910
FU University of Maryland; National Institute of Standards and Technology
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the University of
Maryland [70NANB10H193]; Penn State Materials Research Science and
Engineering Center (MRSEC), under NSF [DMR-0820404]
FX A.L.B., L.O.M, P.P.M., and P.N.P. acknowledge support of this research
under the Cooperative Research Agreement between the University of
Maryland and the National Institute of Standards and Technology Center
for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Award 70NANB10H193, through the
University of Maryland. W.W., S.A., and T.M. acknowledge support of this
research by the Penn State Materials Research Science and Engineering
Center (MRSEC), under NSF grant DMR-0820404. The authors gratefully
acknowledge W. Saslow, M. Stiles, and J. Fagan for helpful discussions
and insightful reviews.
NR 43
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 6
U2 58
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 8
BP 8300
EP 8309
DI 10.1021/nn502753x
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AO0IM
UT WOS:000340992300078
PM 25019966
ER
PT J
AU Sunday, DF
Hammond, MR
Wang, CQ
Wu, WL
Delongchamp, DM
Tjio, M
Cheng, JY
Pitera, JW
Kline, RJ
AF Sunday, Daniel F.
Hammond, Matthew R.
Wang, Chengqing
Wu, Wen-li
Delongchamp, Dean M.
Tjio, Melia
Cheng, Joy Y.
Pitera, Jed W.
Kline, R. Joseph
TI Determination of the Internal Morphology of Nanostructures Patterned by
Directed Self Assembly
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE directed self assembly; block copolymer; soft X-ray; resonant scattering
ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; BLOCK-COPOLYMER DOMAINS; LINE EDGE ROUGHNESS;
THIN-FILMS; DENSITY MULTIPLICATION; CROSS-SECTION; LITHOGRAPHY; ANGLE;
REFLECTIVITY; SIMULATIONS
AB The directed self assembly (DSA) of block copolymers (BCP) is an emerging resolution enhancement tool that can multiply or subdivide the pitch of a lithographically defined chemical or topological pattern and is a resolution enhancement candidate to augment conventional lithography for patterning sub 20 nm features. Continuing the development of this technology will require an improved understanding of the polymer physics involved as well as experimental confirmation of the simulations used to guide the design process. Both of these endeavors would be greatly facilitated by a metrology, which is capable of probing the internal morphology of a DSA film. We have developed a new measurement technique, resonant critical dimension small angle X-ray scattering (res-CDSAXS), to evaluate the 3D buried features inside the film. This is an X-ray scattering measurement where the sample angle is varied to probe the 3D structure of the film, while resonant soft X-rays are used to enhance the scattering contrast By measuring the same sample with both res-CDSAXS and traditional CDSAXS (with hard X-rays), we are able to demonstrate the dramatic improvement in scattering obtained through the use of resonant soft X-rays. Analysis of the reciprocal space map constructed from the res-CDSAXS measurements allowed us to reconstruct the complex buried features in DSA BCP films. We studied a series of DSA BCP films with varying template widths, and the internal morphologies for these samples were compared to the results of single chain in mean field simulations. The measurements revealed a range of morphologies that occur with changing template width, including results that suggest the presence of mixed morphologies composed of both whole and necking lamella. The development of res-CDSAXS will enable a better understanding of the fundamental physics behind the formation of buried features in DSA BCP films.
C1 [Sunday, Daniel F.; Hammond, Matthew R.; Wang, Chengqing; Wu, Wen-li; Delongchamp, Dean M.; Kline, R. Joseph] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tjio, Melia; Cheng, Joy Y.; Pitera, Jed W.] IBM Res Almaden, San Jose, CA 95120 USA.
RP Kline, RJ (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM rjkline@nist.gov
RI Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008
FU E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co.; Dow Chemical Company; Northwestern
University; US. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; IBM Corporation; Applied Materials
FX Portions of this work were performed at the DuPont-Northwestern-Dow
Collaborative Access Team (DND-CAT) located at Sector 5 of the Advanced
Photon Source (APS). DND-CAT is supported by E.I. DuPont de Nemours &
Co., The Dow Chemical Company and Northwestern University. Use of the
APS, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department
of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was
supported by the US. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The
Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank Steven Weigand and Denis Keane
for assistance at sector 5-ID-D and Anthony Young and Cheng Wang for
assistance at BL 11.0.1.2. Authors JWP, MT and JC acknowledge the
financial support of the IBM Corporation and experiment support from
Christopher Bencher and Applied Materials. Certain commercial equipment,
instruments, or materials are identified in this paper in order to
specify the experimental procedure adequately. Such identification is
not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that
the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available
for the purpose.
NR 52
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 7
U2 54
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 8
BP 8426
EP 8437
DI 10.1021/nn5029289
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AO0IM
UT WOS:000340992300092
PM 25075449
ER
PT J
AU Chen, YG
Francescato, Y
Caldwell, JD
Giannini, V
Mass, TWW
Glembocki, OJ
Bezares, FJ
Taubner, T
Kasica, R
Hong, MH
Maier, SA
AF Chen, Yiguo
Francescato, Yan
Caldwell, Joshua D.
Giannini, Vincenzo
Mass, Tobias W. W.
Glembocki, Orest J.
Bezares, Francisco J.
Taubner, Thomas
Kasica, Richard
Hong, Minghui
Maier, Stefan A.
TI Spectral Tuning of Localized Surface Phonon Polariton Resonators for
Low-Loss Mid-IR Applications
SO ACS PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE localized surface phonon polariton; monopolar resonance; silicon
carbide; spectral tuning; near-field coupling
ID SILICON-CARBIDE; NANOANTENNA ARRAYS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; LIGHT; SCALE;
NANOPARTICLES; EMISSION
AB Low-loss surface phonon polariton (SPhP) modes supported within polar dielectric crystals are a promising alternative to conventional, metal-based plasmonic systems for the realization of nanophotonic components. Here we show that monopolar excitations in 4H-silicon carbide nanopillar arrays exhibit an unprecedented stable efficiency even when the resonator filling fraction is varied by an order of magnitude. This provides a powerful mid-IR platform with excellent spectral tunability and strong field confinement. Combining IR spectroscopy measurements with full electrodynamic calculations, we elucidate the nature of the optical modes in these elongated subwavelength nanostructures by investigating their spectral behavior and local field dependence on the size and periodicity. The present study also gives a clear understanding and practical guidelines for the spectral tuning of localized SPhP and the coupling mechanisms at play. This work is integral with the development of phonon-polariton based applications for surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRA), polychromatic detectors, and thermal imaging.
C1 [Chen, Yiguo; Francescato, Yan; Giannini, Vincenzo; Maier, Stefan A.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Chen, Yiguo] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Singapore 117548, Singapore.
[Caldwell, Joshua D.; Glembocki, Orest J.; Bezares, Francisco J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
[Mass, Tobias W. W.; Taubner, Thomas] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
[Kasica, Richard] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Maier, SA (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2AZ, England.
EM s.maier@imperial.ac.uk
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Taubner, Thomas/E-8779-2012
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Taubner,
Thomas/0000-0002-0628-3043
FU UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC); NRL
Nanoscience Institute (NSI) - office of Naval Research; ASEE/NRL;
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinsdiaft (DFG) [SPP-1327]; Ministry of Innovation
NRW; German Excellence Initiative
FX Y.F., V.G., and S.A.M. were sponsored by the UK Engineering and Physical
Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). J.D.C. acknowledges financial support
from the NRL Nanoscience Institute (NSI), which is funded by the office
of Naval Research. F.J.B. was supported by an ASEE/NRL fellowship.
E-beam lithography was performed at the Center for Nanoscale Science and
Technology (CNST) at NIST in Gaithersburg MD. T.W.W.M. and T.T.
acknowledge funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinsdiaft (DFG)
within SPP-1327 "Sub-100 nm structures for optical and biomedical
applications". T.T. acknowledges financial support from the Ministry of
Innovation NRW and the German Excellence Initiative.
NR 42
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 7
U2 82
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2330-4022
J9 ACS PHOTONICS
JI ACS Photonics
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 1
IS 8
BP 718
EP 724
DI 10.1021/ph500143u
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Optics; Physics
GA AN6UW
UT WOS:000340734900012
ER
PT J
AU Katzenmeyer, AM
Chae, J
Kasica, R
Holland, G
Lahiri, B
Centrone, A
AF Katzenmeyer, Aaron M.
Chae, Jungseok
Kasica, Richard
Holland, Glenn
Lahiri, Basudev
Centrone, Andrea
TI Nanoscale Imaging and Spectroscopy of Plasmonic Modes with the PTIR
Technique
SO ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; METAMATERIALS; AFM;
SPECTROMICROSCOPY; HETEROGENEITY; NANOPARTICLES; INTERFERENCE;
MONOLAYERS; RESONANCE
C1 [Katzenmeyer, Aaron M.; Chae, Jungseok; Kasica, Richard; Holland, Glenn; Lahiri, Basudev; Centrone, Andrea] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chae, Jungseok; Lahiri, Basudev] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Centrone, A (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andrea.centrone@nist.gov
RI Katzenmeyer, Aaron/F-7961-2014
OI Katzenmeyer, Aaron/0000-0002-5755-8537
FU University of Maryland; National Institute of Standards and Technology
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the University of
Maryland [70NANB10H193]
FX J. C. and B. L. acknowledge support under the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
Award 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland.
NR 43
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 25
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 2195-1071
J9 ADV OPT MATER
JI Adv. Opt. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 8
BP 718
EP 722
DI 10.1002/adom.201400005
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Materials Science; Optics
GA AO2UB
UT WOS:000341180400003
ER
PT J
AU Kouh, T
Kemiktarak, U
Basarir, O
Lissandrello, C
Ekinci, KL
AF Kouh, T.
Kemiktarak, U.
Basarir, O.
Lissandrello, C.
Ekinci, K. L.
TI Measuring Gaussian noise using a lock-in amplifier
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID UNDERGRADUATE EXPERIMENT; BOLTZMANNS CONSTANT; FLUCTUATIONS
AB Gaussian fluctuations (or Gaussian noise) appear in almost all measurements in physics. Here, a concise and self-contained introduction to thermal Gaussian noise is presented. Our analysis in the frequency domain centers on thermal fluctuations of the position of a particle bound in a one-dimensional harmonic potential, which in this case is a microcantilever immersed in a bath of room-temperature gas. Position fluctuations of the microcantilever, detected by the optical beam deflection technique, are then fed into a lock-in amplifier to measure the probability distribution and spectral properties of the fluctuations. The lock-in amplifier measurement is designed to emphasize the frequency-domain properties of Gaussian noise. The discussion here can be complementary to a discussion of Gaussian fluctuations in the time domain. (C) 2014 American Association of Physics Teachers.
C1 [Kouh, T.; Basarir, O.; Lissandrello, C.; Ekinci, K. L.] Boston Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Kouh, T.; Basarir, O.; Lissandrello, C.; Ekinci, K. L.] Boston Univ, Photon Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Kouh, T.] Kookmin Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 136702, South Korea.
[Kemiktarak, U.] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kemiktarak, U.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kouh, T (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM ekinci@bu.edu
FU US NSF [CMMI-0970071, DGE-1247312]; National Research Foundation of
Korea [2012R1A1A2000748]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the following sources:
US NSF Grants Nos. CMMI-0970071 and DGE-1247312 (C. Lissandrello), and
National Research Foundation of Korea Grant No. 2012R1A1A2000748 (T.
Kouh).
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 15
PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS
PI COLLEGE PARK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PARK, MD 20740-3845 USA
SN 0002-9505
EI 1943-2909
J9 AM J PHYS
JI Am. J. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 8
BP 778
EP 784
DI 10.1119/1.4873694
PG 7
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Education & Educational Research; Physics
GA AO2KZ
UT WOS:000341152100007
ER
PT J
AU Stambaugh, C
Durand, M
Kemiktarak, U
Lawall, J
AF Stambaugh, Corey
Durand, Mathieu
Kemiktarak, Utku
Lawall, John
TI Cavity-enhanced measurements for determining dielectric-membrane
thickness and complex index of refraction
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RING-DOWN SPECTROSCOPY; THIN-FILMS; ABSORPTION-MEASUREMENTS
AB The material properties of silicon nitride (SiN) play an important role in the performance of SiN membranes used in optomechanical applications. An optimum design of a subwavelength high-contrast grating requires accurate knowledge of the membrane thickness and index of refraction, and its performance is ultimately limited by material absorption. Here we describe a cavity-enhanced method to measure the thickness and complex index of refraction of dielectric membranes with small, but nonzero, absorption coefficients. By determining Brewster's angle and an angle at which reflection is minimized by means of destructive interference, both the real part of the index of refraction and the sample thickness can be measured. A comparison of the losses in the empty cavity and the cavity containing the dielectric sample provides a measurement of the absorption.
C1 [Stambaugh, Corey; Durand, Mathieu; Kemiktarak, Utku; Lawall, John] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kemiktarak, Utku] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Lawall, J (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lawall@nist.gov
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD AUG 1
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 22
BP 4930
EP 4938
DI 10.1364/AO.53.004930
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AN8BC
UT WOS:000340824800029
PM 25090324
ER
PT J
AU Qing, T
Shen, XY
Wang, WG
Huang, WY
AF Qing Tao
Shen Xin-Yong
Wang Wei-Guo
Huang Wen-Yan
TI Characteristics of Lagrangian transportation in a tropical deep
convective process during TWP-ICE
SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE Tropical deep convection; Anvil cirrus; Hydrometeor transportation;
Lagrangian trajectory; FLEXPART dispersion model
ID INTERNATIONAL CLOUD EXPERIMENT; PARTICLE DISPERSION MODEL;
PARAMETERIZATION
AB High resolution mesoscale model WRFV3. 4. 1 is used to simulate the deep convective process during TWP-ICE. Simulation data from the forth nested domain outputted every five minutes is employed to analyze the characteristics of an updraft mass flux profile and the trajectories of convective transportation with the FLEXPART Lagrangian dispersion model. Analyses of Lagrangian characteristics of hydrometeor transportation and mass flux vertical variation show that around the top of conditional instability, some hydrometeor has been detrained from the deep convective system. Convective hydrometeor is conveyed by steering current from the deep convective system to their downstream. However, influenced by low level wind disturbance, some hydrometeor is also conveyed to upstream. The largest distance over which the hydrometeor is transported from the deep convective system to the downstream is about 200 similar to 300 km. About 10%similar to 20% of the hydrometeor has an important influence on the anvil area 50 similar to 150 km downward from the deep convective system, of which the time scale is 4 similar to 6 hours.
C1 [Qing Tao; Shen Xin-Yong; Huang Wen-Yan] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Shen Xin-Yong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Key Lab Cloud Precipitat Phys & Sever Storms, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Wang Wei-Guo] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Baltimore, MD 20746 USA.
RP Qing, T (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM qinggtao@gmail.com; shenxy@nuist.edu.cn
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 0001-5733
J9 CHINESE J GEOPHYS-CH
JI Chinese J. Geophys.-Chinese Ed.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 57
IS 8
BP 2442
EP 2454
DI 10.6038/cjg20140806
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AO1KE
UT WOS:000341070200006
ER
PT J
AU Banerjee, .DK
AF Banerjee, . Dilip K.
TI A software independent tool for mapping thermal results to structural
model
SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Data transfer; Fire; Finite element analysis; Heat transfer model;
Structural analysis model; Solid/beam/shell element
ID FIRE
AB In order to model the structural behavior under fire, three separate analyses need to be conducted: (a) fire propagation and growth (fire modeling), (b) heat transfer in structural members due to fire, and (c) structural analysis to account for both thermal and mechanical load. Fire modeling is conducted with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. Typical heat transfer analysis is conducted using finite element analysis (FEA) approach employing solid 3D or 2D shell elements. Structural analysis is often conducted using PEA approach but employing beam and shell elements, especially for large structures.
Common outputs of a CFD fire model relevant for a structural fire analysis are heat flux and temperature field, which are input to the heat transfer model as thermal boundary conditions. Subsequently, the transient temperatures computed by the heat transfer analysis in the structural members are inputs to the structural analysis model. However, this transfer of data is complicated because of the difference in the type of finite elements and level of discretization used in each of these two analyses. A software independent mapping tool is therefore required to transfer the thermal data from heat transfer model to structural analysis model.
This paper discusses a novel methodology that was developed to map thermal data from a heat transfer model comprising solid finite elements to a structural analysis model comprising beam and shell elements. The methodology relies on the fundamentals of finite elements pertaining to the use of element shape functions and local or natural coordinates. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Banerjee, .DK (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Dilip.Banerjee@nist.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0379-7112
EI 1873-7226
J9 FIRE SAFETY J
JI Fire Saf. J.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 68
BP 1
EP 15
DI 10.1016/j.firesaf.2014.06.002
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA AO0DQ
UT WOS:000340979700001
ER
PT J
AU Sandifer, PA
Sutton-Grier, AE
AF Sandifer, Paul A.
Sutton-Grier, Ariana E.
TI Connecting stressors, ocean ecosystem services, and human health
SO NATURAL RESOURCES FORUM
LA English
DT Article
DE Environmental stressors; ocean and coastal ecosystems; ecosystem
services; human health and well-being; oceans
ID MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIODIVERSITY LOSS; GLOBAL OCEAN;
COASTAL; BLOOMS; IMPACTS; TRENDS; RISK; US
AB Ocean and coastal ecosystems provide many critical ecosystem services that support human health and well-being including providing food, storm protection, and carbon sequestration. Environmental stressors acting individually or concurrently and synergistically are reducing the ability of coastal ecosystems to provide key ecosystem services that may result in decreases in human health and well-being. We outline some impacts to human health and well-being that may result from the effects on coastal and ocean ecosystem services of five example stressors: rising temperatures, nutrient enrichment, ocean acidification, habitat destruction and the concomitant loss of biodiversity, and extreme weather events. We conclude with suggestions for research and related actions to improve our understanding and management of coastal ecosystems. These include the need for natural and biomedical/public health scientists, and their respective professional organizations, to work together to increase understanding of the connections between healthy and degraded coastal and marine ecosystems and human health, and for policy and decision-makers to account for these impacts when considering trade-offs among management alternatives.
C1 [Sandifer, Paul A.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29405 USA.
[Sutton-Grier, Ariana E.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Sandifer, PA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29405 USA.
EM paul.sandifer@noaa.gov; ariana.sutton-grier@noaa.gov
OI Sutton-Grier, Ariana/0000-0002-1242-7728
NR 105
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 11
U2 64
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0165-0203
EI 1477-8947
J9 NAT RESOUR FORUM
JI Nat. Resour. Forum
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 3
BP 157
EP 167
DI 10.1111/1477-8947.12047
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO2TL
UT WOS:000341178800002
ER
PT J
AU Malone, TC
DiGiacomo, PM
Goncalves, E
Knap, AH
Talaue-McManus, L
de Mora, S
Muelbert, J
AF Malone, Thomas C.
DiGiacomo, Paul M.
Goncalves, Emanuel
Knap, Anthony H.
Talaue-McManus, Liana
de Mora, Stephen
Muelbert, Jose
TI Enhancing the Global Ocean Observing System to meet evidence based needs
for the ecosystem-based management of coastal ecosystem services
SO NATURAL RESOURCES FORUM
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecosystem-based approaches; integrated ecosystem assessments; Global
Ocean Observing System; essential ecosystem state variables; integrated
ocean governance; oceans
ID MARINE RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; IN-FLOW CYTOMETRY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SEAGRASS
ECOSYSTEMS; MANGROVE FORESTS; ELEPHANT SEALS; CARBON BUDGET; FOOD WEBS;
PHYTOPLANKTON; BIODIVERSITY
AB Ecosystem-based approaches (EBAs) to managing anthropogenic pressures on ecosystems, adapting to changes in ecosystem states (indicators of ecosystem health), and mitigating the impacts of state changes on ecosystem services are needed for sustainable development. EBAs are informed by integrated ecosystem assessments (IEAs) that must be compiled and updated frequently for EBAs to be effective. Frequently updated IEAs depend on the sustained provision of data and information on pressures, state changes, and impacts of state changes on services. Nowhere is this truer than in the coastal zone, where people and ecosystem services are concentrated and where anthropogenic pressures converge. This study identifies the essential indicator variables required for the sustained provision of frequently updated IEAs, and offers an approach to establishing a global network of coastal observations within the framework of the Global Ocean Observing System. The need for and challenges of capacity-building are highlighted, and examples are given of current programmes that could contribute to the implementation of a coastal ocean observing system of systems on a global scale. This illustrates the need for new approaches to ocean governance that can achieve coordinated integration of existing programmes and technologies as a first step towards this goal.
C1 [Malone, Thomas C.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[DiGiacomo, Paul M.] NOAA, Washington, DC USA.
[Goncalves, Emanuel] Inst Univ, Lisbon, Portugal.
[Knap, Anthony H.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Talaue-McManus, Liana] Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL USA.
[de Mora, Stephen] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth, Devon, England.
[Muelbert, Jose] Univ Fed Rio Grande, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
RP Malone, TC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM malone@umces.edu; paul.digiacomo@noaa.gov; emanuel@ispa.pt;
tknap@geos.tamu.edu; lmcmanus@rsmas.miami.edu; sjdm@pml.ac.uk;
docjhm@furg.br
RI DiGiacomo, Paul/F-5584-2010; Muelbert, Jose/J-5110-2014;
OI DiGiacomo, Paul/0000-0003-4550-1899; Muelbert, Jose/0000-0002-2319-2469;
Goncalves, Emanuel/0000-0002-3918-6215
NR 156
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 45
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0165-0203
EI 1477-8947
J9 NAT RESOUR FORUM
JI Nat. Resour. Forum
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 3
BP 168
EP 181
DI 10.1111/1477-8947.12045
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO2TL
UT WOS:000341178800003
ER
PT J
AU Minnikanti, S
Gangopadhyay, A
Reyes, DR
AF Minnikanti, Saugandhika
Gangopadhyay, Aveek
Reyes, Darwin R.
TI Polyelectrolyte Multilayers in Microfluidic Systems for Biological
Applications
SO POLYMERS
LA English
DT Review
DE polyelectrolyte multilayers; microfluidics; lab-on-a-chip; biological
applications
ID LIQUID-MEDIUM; FILMS; CHANNELS; CELLS; SURFACES; GRADIENTS; CULTURE;
SENSOR; PROTEOLYSIS; GENERATION
AB The formation of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) for the first time, two decades ago, demonstrating the assembly on charged substrates in a very simple and efficient way, has proven to be a reliable method to obtain structures tunable at the nanometer scale. Much effort has been put into the assembly of these structures for their use in biological applications. A number of these efforts have been in combination with microfluidic systems, which add to the nanoassembly that is already possible with polyelectrolytes, a new dimension in the construction of valuable structures, some of them not possible with conventional systems. This review focuses on the advancements demonstrated by the combination of PEMs and microfluidic systems, and their use in biological applications.
C1 [Minnikanti, Saugandhika] Dakota Consulting Inc, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Gangopadhyay, Aveek] George Mason Univ, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Minnikanti, Saugandhika; Gangopadhyay, Aveek; Reyes, Darwin R.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Reyes, DR (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM saugandhika.minnikanti@nist.gov; aveek.gangopadhyay@nist.gov;
darwin.reyes@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
FX This project was funded internally by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST).
NR 50
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 43
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2073-4360
J9 POLYMERS-BASEL
JI Polymers
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 8
BP 2100
EP 2115
DI 10.3390/polym6082100
PG 16
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA AO3BZ
UT WOS:000341204500002
ER
PT J
AU Fujisaki, A
Mitsudera, H
Wang, J
Wakatsuchi, M
AF Fujisaki, Ayumi
Mitsudera, Humio
Wang, Jia
Wakatsuchi, Masaaki
TI How does the Amur River discharge flow over the northwestern continental
shelf in the Sea of Okhotsk?
SO PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Review
ID ARCTIC OSCILLATION; WINTER MONSOON; ICE; MODEL; TURBULENCE; SUMMER
AB The paths of the Amur River discharge on the continental shelf in the Sea of Okhotsk are still unknown despite their significance in transporting dissolved and particulate iron. In this study, we conduct a coupled ice-ocean simulation for the northern Sea of Okhotsk from June 1998 to September 2000 to answer the question: Does the Amur River discharge deposit materials to the pathway of the dense shelf water? In a series of numerical experiments, we identified two routes (the western and eastern routes) that could transport the river water more than 100 km offshore over the northwestern continental shelf. The two routes share the clockwise gyre in the Sakhalin Gulf and the northeastward flow on the northwestern continental shelf. These features are connected through the westward jet along the slope from the Sakhalin Gulf (the western route) and the northward transport over the shelf break canyon (the eastern route). The river water, the dense shelf water, and the easterly wind are in a fine geophysical balance for those features, and all are required for the formation of the two routes. The model results show that these unique joint effects in the Sea of Okhotsk allow the Amur River discharge to be effectively transported over the northwestern continental shelf, unlike a general river discharge that flows along the coast, and deposit materials into the pathway of the dense shelf water. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fujisaki, Ayumi] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Mitsudera, Humio] Hokkaido Univ, Inst Low Temp Sci, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600819, Japan.
[Wang, Jia] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Wakatsuchi, Masaaki] Hokkaido Univ, Kita Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600819, Japan.
RP Fujisaki, A (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM ayumif@umich.edu
OI Wang, Jia/0000-0003-4154-9721
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan
[222210001, 22106010]
FX This paper is supported by Grant-in-aid for Scientific Research of the
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan
(No. 222210001, No. 22106010). The authors would like to thank the
anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. Thanks to Cathy Darnell
of NOAA/GLERL for editorial correction of this paper. This is GLERL
Contribution No. 1708.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0079-6611
J9 PROG OCEANOGR
JI Prog. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 126
SI SI
BP 8
EP 20
DI 10.1016/j.pocean.2014.04.028
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AN8JV
UT WOS:000340851400002
ER
PT J
AU John, U
Litaker, W
Montresor, M
Murray, S
Brosnahan, ML
Anderson, DM
AF John, Uwe
Litaker, Wayne
Montresor, Marina
Murray, Shauna
Brosnahan, Michael L.
Anderson, Donald M.
TI (2302) Proposal to reject the name Gonyaulax catenella (Alexandrium
catenella) (Dinophyceae)
SO TAXON
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [John, Uwe] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Litaker, Wayne] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Oceans Sci, Ctr Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Montresor, Marina] Staz Zool Anton Dohrn, I-80121 Naples, Italy.
[Murray, Shauna] Univ Technol Sydney, Plant Funct Biol & Climate Change Cluster, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
[Brosnahan, Michael L.; Anderson, Donald M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP John, U (reprint author), Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
EM uwe.john@awi.de
RI Murray, Shauna/K-5781-2015; john, uwe/S-3009-2016
OI Murray, Shauna/0000-0001-7096-1307; john, uwe/0000-0002-1297-4086
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P01 ES021923]
NR 0
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 16
PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT
PI BRATISLAVA
PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23
BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA
SN 0040-0262
EI 1996-8175
J9 TAXON
JI Taxon
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 63
IS 4
BP 932
EP 933
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology
GA AO0EU
UT WOS:000340982700022
PM 25530637
ER
PT J
AU Bosveld, FC
Baas, P
Steeneveld, GJ
Holtslag, AAM
Angevine, WM
Bazile, E
de Bruijn, EIF
Deacu, D
Edwards, JM
Ek, M
Larson, VE
Pleim, JE
Raschendorfer, M
Svensson, G
AF Bosveld, Fred C.
Baas, Peter
Steeneveld, Gert-Jan
Holtslag, Albert A. M.
Angevine, Wayne M.
Bazile, Eric
de Bruijn, Evert I. F.
Deacu, Daniel
Edwards, John M.
Ek, Michael
Larson, Vincent E.
Pleim, Jonathan E.
Raschendorfer, Matthias
Svensson, Gunilla
TI The Third GABLS Intercomparison Case for Evaluation Studies of
Boundary-Layer Models. Part B: Results and Process Understanding
SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Diurnal cycle; Evening transition; GABLS; Land-atmosphere interaction;
Low-level jet; Model evaluation; Model intercomparison; Morning
transition; Single-column models; Stable boundary layer
ID STABLY STRATIFIED CONDITIONS; OBSERVED EVENING TRANSITION; NONLOCAL
CLOSURE-MODEL; LOW-LEVEL JETS; LAND-SURFACE; MORNING TRANSITION;
VERTICAL DIFFUSION; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; ENERGY-BALANCE; ECMWF MODEL
AB We describe and analyze the results of the third global energy and water cycle experiment atmospheric boundary layer Study intercomparison and evaluation study for single-column models. Each of the nineteen participating models was operated with its own physics package, including land-surface, radiation and turbulent mixing schemes, for a full diurnal cycle selected from the Cabauw observatory archive. By carefully prescribing the temporal evolution of the forcings on the vertical column, the models could be evaluated against observations. We focus on the gross features of the stable boundary layer (SBL), such as the onset of evening momentum decoupling, the 2-m minimum temperature, the evolution of the inertial oscillation and the morning transition. New process diagrams are introduced to interpret the variety of model results and the relative importance of processes in the SBL; the diagrams include the results of a number of sensitivity runs performed with one of the models. The models are characterized in terms of thermal coupling to the soil, longwave radiation and turbulent mixing. It is shown that differences in longwave radiation schemes among the models have only a small effect on the simulations; however, there are significant variations in downward radiation due to different boundary-layer profiles of temperature and humidity. The differences in modelled thermal coupling to the land surface are large and explain most of the variations in 2-m air temperature and longwave incoming radiation among models. Models with strong turbulent mixing overestimate the boundary-layer height, underestimate the wind speed at 200 m, and give a relatively large downward sensible heat flux. The result is that 2-m air temperature is relatively insensitive to turbulent mixing intensity. Evening transition times spread 1.5 h around the observed time of transition, with later transitions for models with coarse resolution. Time of onset in the morning transition spreads 2 h around the observed transition time. With this case, the morning transition appeared to be difficult to study, no relation could be found between the studied processes, and the variation in the time of the morning transition among the models.
C1 [Bosveld, Fred C.; Baas, Peter; de Bruijn, Evert I. F.] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Steeneveld, Gert-Jan; Holtslag, Albert A. M.] Wageningen Univ, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Angevine, Wayne M.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bazile, Eric] Meteo France, Toulouse, France.
[Deacu, Daniel] Environm Canada, Gatineau, PQ, Canada.
[Edwards, John M.] MetOffice, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Ek, Michael] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Washington, DC USA.
[Larson, Vincent E.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Pleim, Jonathan E.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Raschendorfer, Matthias] Deutsch Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany.
[Svensson, Gunilla] Stockholm Univ, Dept Meteorol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Svensson, Gunilla] Stockholm Univ, Bolin Ctr Climate Res, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Bosveld, FC (reprint author), Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, POB 201, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
EM fred.bosveld@knmi.nl
RI Steeneveld, Gert-Jan/B-2816-2010; Angevine, Wayne/H-9849-2013; Pleim,
Jonathan Pleim/C-1331-2017; Holtslag, Albert/B-7842-2010; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Steeneveld, Gert-Jan/0000-0002-5922-8179; Angevine,
Wayne/0000-0002-8021-7116; Pleim, Jonathan Pleim/0000-0001-6190-6082;
Holtslag, Albert/0000-0003-0995-2481;
FU BSIK-ME2 research program (Climate changes spatial planning); NWO
[863.10.010]
FX Ayrton Zadra of GEM, Joshua Fasching of Wisconsin University, Frank
Freedman of NCEP, Juergen Helmert of DWD and Florence Bocquet then at
Stockholm University are acknowledged for contributing to the
simulations. Jocelyn Mailhot of GEM is acknowledged for valuable
comments on the paper. G. J. Steeneveld acknowledges financial support
from the BSIK-ME2 research program (Climate changes spatial planning)
and from NWO contract 863.10.010.
NR 93
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8314
EI 1573-1472
J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL
JI Bound.-Layer Meteor.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 152
IS 2
SI SI
BP 157
EP 187
DI 10.1007/s10546-014-9919-1
PG 31
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN2JC
UT WOS:000340409900003
ER
PT J
AU Gast, RJ
McKie-Krisberg, ZM
Fay, SA
Rose, JM
Sanders, RW
AF Gast, Rebecca J.
McKie-Krisberg, Zaid M.
Fay, Scott A.
Rose, Julie M.
Sanders, Robert W.
TI Antarctic mixotrophic protist abundances by microscopy and molecular
methods
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE microbial food web; protistan grazing; quantitative PCR
ID RED-TIDE ALGAE; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; PREY CONCENTRATION; SEASONAL PATTERNS;
WEDDELL SEA; ROSS-SEA; BACTERIVORY; PHYTOPLANKTON; COMMUNITY;
NANOPLANKTON
AB Protists are traditionally described as either phototrophic or heterotrophic, but studies have indicated that mixotrophic species, organisms that combine both strategies, can have significant impacts on prey populations in marine microbial food webs. While estimates of active mixotroph abundances in environmental samples are determined microscopically by fluorescent particle ingestion, species identification is difficult. We developed SYBR-based qPCR strategies for three Antarctic algal species that we identified as mixotrophic. This method and traditional ingestion experiments were applied to determine the total mixotroph abundance in Antarctic water samples, to ascertain the abundance of known mixotrophic species, and to identify environmental variables that impact the distribution and abundance of these species. Despite differences in sampling locations and years, mixotroph distribution was strongly influenced by season. Environmental variables that best explained variation in the individual mixotroph species abundances included temperature, oxygen, date, fluorescence, conductivity, and latitude. Phosphate was identified as an additional explanatory variable when nutrients were included in the analysis. Utilizing culture-based grazing rates and qPCR abundances, the estimated summed impact on bacterial populations by the three mixotrophs was usually < 2% of the overall mixotrophic grazing, but in one sample, Pyramimonas was estimated to contribute up to 80% of mixotrophic grazing.
C1 [Gast, Rebecca J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[McKie-Krisberg, Zaid M.; Fay, Scott A.; Sanders, Robert W.] Temple Univ, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Rose, Julie M.] NOAA Fisheries, Milford Lab, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Milford, CT USA.
RP Gast, RJ (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM rgast@whoi.edu
RI Sanders, Robert/C-1116-2011;
OI Sanders, Robert/0000-0001-7264-1059; Gast, Rebecca J/0000-0003-3875-3975
FU National Science Foundation [OPP-0838955, OPP-0838847]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the captains and crews of Nathanial B. Palmer
for logistical support, Elizabeth Halliday for assistance during the
cruise, and N. Daugbjerg for assistance with identifying species with
transmission electron microscopy. This work was supported by National
Science Foundation Grants OPP-0838955 (R.J.G.) and OPP-0838847 (R.W.S.).
Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in
this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect
the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors state that
they have no potential conflict of interests to declare.
NR 50
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 24
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0168-6496
EI 1574-6941
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL
JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 89
IS 2
SI SI
BP 388
EP 401
DI 10.1111/1574-6941.12334
PG 14
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA AN4CM
UT WOS:000340535200015
PM 24689998
ER
PT J
AU Williams, DF
Schmuckle, FJ
Doerner, R
Phung, GN
Arz, U
Heinrich, W
AF Williams, Dylan F.
Schmueckle, Franz-Josef
Doerner, Ralf
Gia Ngoc Phung
Arz, Uwe
Heinrich, Wolfgang
TI Crosstalk Corrections for Coplanar-Waveguide Scattering-Parameter
Calibrations
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE Calibration; coplanar waveguide (CPW); crosstalk; scattering parameters;
uncertainty analysis; vector network analyzer (VNA)
ID ALGORITHM
AB We study crosstalk and crosstalk corrections in coplanar-waveguide vector-network-analyzer calibrations. We show that while crosstalk corrections can improve measurement accuracy, the effectiveness of the corrections depends on a number of factors, including the length of the access lines, transverse dimensions, the separation between the crosstalk standards, and the substrate configuration.
C1 [Williams, Dylan F.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Schmueckle, Franz-Josef; Doerner, Ralf; Gia Ngoc Phung; Heinrich, Wolfgang] Ferdinand Braun Inst, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Arz, Uwe] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
RP Williams, DF (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM dylan@boulder.nist.gov
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9480
EI 1557-9670
J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY
JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 62
IS 8
BP 1748
EP 1761
DI 10.1109/TMTT.2014.2331623
PG 14
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA AN5GR
UT WOS:000340619200020
ER
PT J
AU Shantz, NC
Gultepe, I
Andrews, E
Zelenyuk, A
Earle, ME
Macdonald, AM
Liu, PSK
Leaitch, WR
AF Shantz, N. C.
Gultepe, I.
Andrews, E.
Zelenyuk, A.
Earle, M. E.
Macdonald, A. M.
Liu, P. S. K.
Leaitch, W. R.
TI Optical, physical, and chemical properties of springtime aerosol over
Barrow Alaska in 2008
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic aerosols; stratified layers; biomass burning plumes
ID LONG-TERM TRENDS; LIGHT-ABSORPTION MEASUREMENTS; BIOMASS BURNING
PARTICLES; FILTER-BASED MEASUREMENTS; IN-SITU CHARACTERIZATION; BLACK
CARBON; ARCTIC HAZE; SIZE-DISTRIBUTION; AIR-POLLUTION; SPLAT II
AB Airborne observations from four flights during the 2008 Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign (ISDAC) are used to examine some cloud-free optical, physical, and chemical properties of aerosol particles in the springtime Arctic troposphere. The number concentrations of particles larger than 0.12 mu m (N-a>120), important for light extinction and cloud droplet formation, ranged from 15 to 2260 cm(-3), with the higher N-a>120 cases dominated by measurements from two flights of long-range transported biomass burning (BB) aerosols. The two other flights examined here document a relatively clean aerosol and an Arctic Haze aerosol impacted by larger particles largely composed of dust. For observations from the cleaner case and the BB cases, the particle light scattering coefficients at low relative humidity (RH<20%) increased nonlinearly with increasing N-a>120, driven mostly by an increase in mean sizes of particles with increasing N-a>120 (BB cases). For those three cases, particle light absorption coefficients also increased nonlinearly with increasing N-a>120 and linearly with increasing submicron particle volume concentration. In addition to black carbon, brown carbon was estimated to have increased light absorption coefficients by 27% (450 nm wavelength) and 14% (550 nm) in the BB cases. For the case with strong dust influence, the absorption relative to submicron particle volume was small compared with the other cases. There was a slight gradient of Passive Cavity Aerosol Spectrometer Probe (PCASP) mean volume diameter (MVD) towards smaller sizes with increasing height, which suggests more scavenging of the more elevated particles, consistent with a typically longer lifetime of particles higher in the atmosphere. However, in approximately 10% of the cases, the MVD increased (>0.4 mu m) with increasing altitude, suggesting transport of larger fine particle mass (possibly coarse particle mass) at high levels over the Arctic. This may be because of transport of larger particles at higher elevations and relatively slow deposition to the surface.
C1 [Shantz, N. C.; Gultepe, I.; Earle, M. E.; Macdonald, A. M.; Liu, P. S. K.; Leaitch, W. R.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Andrews, E.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Andrews, E.] NOAA, ESRL, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Zelenyuk, A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Earle, M. E.] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada.
RP Shantz, NC (reprint author), Airzone One Ltd, 222 Matheson Blvd E, Mississauga, ON L4Z 1X1, Canada.
EM nshantz@airzoneone.com
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department
of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER64554]; U.S. DOE, Office of Science, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental
Sciences Division; European fog initiative project office [COST-722];
DOE's OBER at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); U.S. DOE
[DE-AC06-76RL0 1830]
FX The authors thank G. McFarquhar, S. Ghan, W. Strapp, A. Korolev, M.
Couture, J. Ogren, M. Wasey, R. Reed, K. Sung, S. Cober, and the
National Research Council (NRC) of Canada piloting and technical staff.
Funding for this work was provided by the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy (Grant No.
DE-FG02-08ER64554) through the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM)
Program and the ARM Aerial Vehicle Program with contributions from the
DOE Atmospheric Sciences Program (ASP), and Environment Canada. Data
were obtained from the ARM Program archive, sponsored by the U.S. DOE,
Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research,
Climate and Environmental Sciences Division. Some additional funding was
also provided by the European COST-722 fog initiative project office.
SPLAT II was developed with the support of the Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences
and the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national
scientific user facility sponsored by the DOE's OBER at Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL is operated by the U.S. DOE
by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract No. DE-AC06-76RL0 1830.
NR 63
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 39
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 10
BP 3125
EP 3138
DI 10.1002/joc.3898
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN1QY
UT WOS:000340359900009
ER
PT J
AU Andersen, KH
Barker, JG
AF Andersen, Ken H.
Barker, John G.
TI Promising times for neutron scattering
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Andersen, Ken H.] European Spallat Source ESS AB, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Barker, John G.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Andersen, KH (reprint author), European Spallat Source ESS AB, POB 176, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
NR 8
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
EI 1600-5767
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 47
BP 1163
EP 1164
DI 10.1107/S1600576714017233
PN 4
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA AN1RT
UT WOS:000340362000001
ER
PT J
AU Heller, WT
Urban, VS
Lynn, GW
Weiss, KL
O'Neill, HM
Pingali, SV
Qian, S
Littrell, KC
Melnichenko, YB
Buchanan, MV
Selby, DL
Wignall, GD
Butler, PD
Myles, DA
AF Heller, William T.
Urban, Volker S.
Lynn, Gary W.
Weiss, Kevin L.
O'Neill, Hugh M.
Pingali, Sai Venkatesh
Qian, Shuo
Littrell, Kenneth C.
Melnichenko, Yuri B.
Buchanan, Michelle V.
Selby, Douglas L.
Wignall, George D.
Butler, Paul D.
Myles, Dean A.
TI The Bio-SANS instrument at the High Flux Isotope Reactor of Oak Ridge
National Laboratory
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON; LIQUID 1-BUTYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM CHLORIDE;
MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; SCATTERING INSTRUMENT; PROTEIN;
RESOLUTION; FACILITY; TEMPERATURE; POSITIONS; CELLULOSE
AB Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is a powerful tool for characterizing complex disordered materials, including biological materials. The Bio-SANS instrument of the High Flux Isotope Reactor of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is a high-flux low-background SANS instrument that is, uniquely among SANS instruments, dedicated to serving the needs of the structural biology and biomaterials communities as an open-access user facility. Here, the technical specifications and performance of the Bio-SANS are presented. Sample environments developed to address the needs of the user program of the instrument are also presented. Further, the isotopic labeling and sample preparation capabilities available in the Bio-Deuteration Laboratory for users of the Bio-SANS and other neutron scattering instruments at ORNL are described. Finally, a brief survey of research performed using the Bio-SANS is presented, which demonstrates the breadth of the research that the instrument's user community engages in. (C) 2014 International Union of Crystallography
C1 [Heller, William T.; Urban, Volker S.; Weiss, Kevin L.; O'Neill, Hugh M.; Pingali, Sai Venkatesh; Qian, Shuo; Melnichenko, Yuri B.; Wignall, George D.; Myles, Dean A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Lynn, Gary W.; Selby, Douglas L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Instrument & Source Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Littrell, Kenneth C.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Buchanan, Michelle V.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Phys Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Butler, Paul D.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Urban, VS (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM urbanvs@ornl.gov
RI Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011; Weiss, Kevin/I-4669-2013; Urban,
Volker/N-5361-2015; Littrell, Kenneth/D-2106-2013; myles,
dean/D-5860-2016; Buchanan, Michelle/J-1562-2016
OI O'Neill, Hugh/0000-0003-2966-5527; Weiss, Kevin/0000-0002-6486-8007;
Urban, Volker/0000-0002-7962-3408; Littrell,
Kenneth/0000-0003-2308-8618; Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244;
Pingali, Sai Venkatesh/0000-0001-7961-4176; Qian,
Shuo/0000-0002-4842-828X; myles, dean/0000-0002-7693-4964; Buchanan,
Michelle/0000-0002-8078-4575
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of
Energy [FWP ERKP291]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy
FX This publication is dedicated to the memory of Ralph M. Moon, a pioneer
in neutron scattering techniques who built his reputation on neutron
polarization analysis and studies of antiferromagnetism. In the late
1990s, he worked with John B. Hayter to develop a proposal for a major
upgrade of the neutron scattering facilities at the High Flux Isotope
Reactor. His reputation was an important factor in securing the
investment in the future of neutron scattering at HFIR. He investigated
various options for small-angle scattering instruments at the facility,
and his design parameters were ultimately used for the Bio-SANS and its
companion instrument the GP-SANS (Wignall et al., 2012). The authors
wish to thank R. Summers, J. Wenzel and D. Armitage for assistance
preparing the engineering schematics of the Bio-SANS detector, the
sample cell holder of the sample tumbler and the GISANS goniometer,
respectively. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory Center for Structural
Molecular Biology (FWP ERKP291) is supported by the Office of Biological
and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy and provided
support for WTH, VSU, GWL, DAM, KLW, HMON, SVP and SQ. Development of
the Bio-Deuteration Laboratory and some sample environment capabilities
were supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development
Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC,
for the US Department of Energy. Research at the High Flux Isotope
Reactor and the Spallation Neutron Source of Oak Ridge National
Laboratory was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy.
NR 49
TC 14
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U1 3
U2 30
PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
PI CHESTER
PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND
SN 1600-5767
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 47
BP 1238
EP 1246
DI 10.1107/S1600576714011285
PN 4
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA AN1RT
UT WOS:000340362000009
ER
PT J
AU Mildner, DFR
AF Mildner, David F. R.
TI Resolution of small-angle neutron scattering with a reflective focusing
optic
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID LENSES
AB A small-angle neutron scattering instrument that uses a reflective focusing optic can achieve smaller values of the scattering vector, and with higher resolution, than the usual pinhole collimation. When the focusing mirror images the source onto the detector, the analytic expression for the resolution is independent of the sample area and is principally determined by the beam divergence incident on the sample, modified by the distance between the optic and the sample. The results are applied to a focusing SANS instrument with axisymmetric mirrors.
C1 NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mildner, DFR (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.mildner@nist.gov
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
EI 1600-5767
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 47
BP 1247
EP 1251
DI 10.1107/S1600576714011364
PN 4
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA AN1RT
UT WOS:000340362000010
ER
PT J
AU Pintschovius, L
Reznik, D
Weber, F
Bourges, P
Parshall, D
Mittal, R
Chaplot, SL
Heid, R
Wolf, T
Lamago, D
Lynn, JW
AF Pintschovius, Lothar
Reznik, Dmitry
Weber, Frank
Bourges, Philippe
Parshall, D.
Mittal, Ranjan
Chaplot, Samrath Lal
Heid, Rolf
Wolf, Thomas
Lamago, Daniel
Lynn, Jeffrey W.
TI Spurious peaks arising from multiple scattering events involving the
sample environment in inelastic neutron scattering
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
AB Well defined peaks with energies of about 18 meV have been observed in a variety of inelastic neutron scattering experiments on both single crystals and powders, using either the triple-axis or the time-of-flight technique. They can easily be mistaken for signatures of real excitations. It has been found that they are due to multiple scattering events involving primarily the walls of the sample environment. Hence, they are particularly troublesome in experiments using very small samples, as have been used with recently developed high-intensity neutron spectrometers. Measures required to reduce the unwanted scattering to a minimum are also discussed. (C) 2014 International Union of Crystallography
C1 [Pintschovius, Lothar; Weber, Frank; Heid, Rolf; Wolf, Thomas; Lamago, Daniel] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Solid State Phys, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Reznik, Dmitry; Parshall, D.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bourges, Philippe] CEA Saclay, Lab Leon Brillouin, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Mittal, Ranjan; Chaplot, Samrath Lal] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Div Solid State Phys, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
[Lynn, Jeffrey W.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Weber, F (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Solid State Phys, PO 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
EM frank.weber@kit.edu
RI BL18, ARCS/A-3000-2012;
OI REZNIK, DMITRY/0000-0001-5749-8549
FU DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science [DE-SC0006939];
Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US
Department of Energy
FX The authors thank R. Osborn and S. Rosenkranz for helpful discussions
and for making their raw data [of Castellan et al. (2011)] available. DP
and DR were supported by the DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Office of Science (contract No. DE-SC0006939). The research at ORNL's
Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User
Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of
Energy.
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
EI 1600-5767
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 47
BP 1472
EP 1476
DI 10.1107/S1600576714010140
PN 4
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA AN1RT
UT WOS:000340362000039
ER
PT J
AU Newsom, RK
Berg, LK
Pekour, M
Fast, J
Xu, Q
Zhang, PF
Yang, Q
Shaw, WJ
Flaherty, J
AF Newsom, Rob K.
Berg, Larry K.
Pekour, Mikhail
Fast, Jerome
Xu, Qin
Zhang, Pengfei
Yang, Qing
Shaw, William J.
Flaherty, Julia
TI Evaluation of Single-Doppler Radar Wind Retrievals in Flat and Complex
Terrain
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ERROR COVARIANCE FUNCTIONS; QUALITY-CONTROL; DATA ASSIMILATION;
MIGRATING BIRDS; PHOENIX-II; VELOCITY; SYSTEM; FACILITY; WSR-88D; 3DVAR
AB The accuracy of winds derived from Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) level-II data is assessed by comparison with independent observations from 915-MHz radar wind profilers. The evaluation is carried out at two locations with very different terrain characteristics. One site is located in an area of complex terrain within the State Line Wind Energy Center in northeastern Oregon. The other site is located in an area of flat terrain on the east-central Florida coast. The National Severe Storm Laboratory's two-dimensional variational data assimilation (2DVar) algorithm is used to retrieve wind fields from the KPDT (Pendleton, Oregon) and KMLB (Melbourne, Florida) NEXRAD radars. Wind speed correlations at most observation height levels fell in the range from 0.7 to 0.8, indicating that the retrieved winds followed temporal fluctuations in the profiler-observed winds reasonably well. The retrieved winds, however, consistently exhibited slow biases in the range of 1-2 m s(-1). Wind speed difference distributions were broad, with standard deviations in the range from 3 to 4 m s(-1). Results from the Florida site showed little change in the wind speed correlations and difference standard deviations with altitude between about 300 and 1400 m AGL. Over this same height range, results from the Oregon site showed a monotonic increase in the wind speed correlation and a monotonic decrease in the wind speed difference standard deviation with increasing altitude. The poorest overall agreement occurred at the lowest observable level (similar to 300 m AGL) at the Oregon site, where the effects of the complex terrain were greatest.
C1 [Newsom, Rob K.; Berg, Larry K.; Pekour, Mikhail; Fast, Jerome; Yang, Qing; Shaw, William J.; Flaherty, Julia] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Xu, Qin] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Zhang, Pengfei] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Newsom, RK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM rob.newsom@pnnl.gov
RI Berg, Larry/A-7468-2016;
OI Berg, Larry/0000-0002-3362-9492; Shaw, William/0000-0002-9979-1089
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy; DOE [DE-AC06-76RL0 1830]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy and made use of instrumentation
provided by the DOE Office of Biological and Environmental Research
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement. Program. Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory is operated by Battelle for the DOE under Contract
DE-AC06-76RL0 1830.
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 8
BP 1920
EP 1931
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-13-0297.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN3TS
UT WOS:000340512200005
ER
PT J
AU Lindsey, DT
Grasso, L
Dostalek, JF
Kerkmann, J
AF Lindsey, Daniel T.
Grasso, Louie
Dostalek, John F.
Kerkmann, Jochen
TI Use of the GOES-R Split-Window Difference to Diagnose Deepening
Low-Level Water Vapor
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BASE-LINE IMAGER; RETRIEVAL ALGORITHM; SOUNDER; MSG; GENERATION;
PRODUCT; FIELDS
AB The depth of boundary layer water vapor plays a critical role in convective cloud formation in the warm season, but numerical models often struggle with accurate predictions of above-surface moisture. Satellite retrievals of water vapor have been developed, but they are limited by the use of a model's first guess, instrument spectral resolution, horizontal footprint size, and vertical resolution. In 2016, Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R (GOES-R), the first in a series of new-generation geostationary satellites, will be launched. Its Advanced Baseline Imager will provide unprecedented spectral, spatial, and temporal resolution. Among the bands are two centered at 10.35 and 12.3 mu m. The brightness temperature difference between these bands is referred to as the split-window difference, and has been shown to provide information about atmospheric column water vapor. In this paper, the split-window difference is reexamined from the perspective of GOES-R and radiative transfer model simulations are used to better understand the factors controlling its value. It is shown that the simple split-window difference can provide useful information for forecasters about deepening low-level water vapor in a cloud-free environment.
C1 [Lindsey, Daniel T.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Grasso, Louie; Dostalek, John F.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Kerkmann, Jochen] EUMETSAT, Darmstadt, Germany.
RP Lindsey, DT (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, CIRA, 1375 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM dan.lindsey@noaa.gov
RI Lindsey, Dan/F-5607-2010
OI Lindsey, Dan/0000-0002-0967-5683
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA090AR4320074]; GOES-R
Risk Reduction program
FX This material is based on work supported by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration under Grant NA090AR4320074, as well as the
GOES-R Risk Reduction program. The authors thank Mat Gunshor from CIMSS
for help with Fig. 1, Mark DeMaria for providing a very useful review,
and helpful comments from three anonymous reviewers. The views,
opinions, and findings in this report are those of the authors, and
should not be construed as an official NOAA and or U.S. government
position, policy, or decision.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 8
BP 2005
EP 2016
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0010.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN3TS
UT WOS:000340512200011
ER
PT J
AU Press, YK
McBride, RS
Wuenschel, MJ
AF Press, Y. K.
McBride, R. S.
Wuenschel, M. J.
TI Time course of oocyte development in winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes
americanus and spawning seasonality for the Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank
and southern New England stocks
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE north-east USA; oogenesis; Pleuronectidae; reproduction
ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; PLEURONECTES-AMERICANUS; REPRODUCTIVE-CYCLE;
POSTOVULATORY FOLLICLES; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE; MOVEMENT PATTERNS;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; MATURATION TIME; FISHES; GROWTH
AB Winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus were collected at monthly intervals from December 2009 to May 2011, to describe the pattern and seasonality of oocyte development, including: (1) the group-synchronous transition from primary to secondary oocytes that initiates immediately after spawning, (2) the slow (months) development of vitellogenic oocytes followed by the rapid (weeks) maturation of oocytes, (3) the synchronous nature of mature oocytes ovulating, but the discrete releases of benthic eggs in batches, (4) the protracted (months) degradation of postovulatory follicles and (5) the occurrence of follicular atresia. Although fish were collected across only c. 2 degrees latitudinal range, the spawning season was c. 1 month later in the Gulf of Maine (GOM) than on Georges Bank and in southern New England. This is probably due to lower temperatures in the GOM. These stock-specific data regarding the time course of oogenesis are of practical value. This information is discussed in relation to measuring and interpreting elements of reproductive potential such as maturation, skipped spawning and fecundity, the response of reproductive traits by this widely distributed species to changing climate and the response by this common, marine-estuarine species to urbanization, particularly environmental pollutants and dredging. Published 2014. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Press, Y. K.] Integrated Stat, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[McBride, R. S.; Wuenschel, M. J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP McBride, RS (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM Richard.McBride@noaa.gov
RI McBride, Richard/C-2818-2012
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Northeast
Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC); Northeast Cooperative Research
Programme (NCRP); COST Action [FA0601]
FX This study was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA), Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) and
Northeast Cooperative Research Programme (NCRP). Most samples were
provided by the NCRP's Study Fleet, and we appreciate the work of all
the Study Fleet staff and especially the participating fishermen.
Supplemental samples were obtained from NCRP industry-based research
projects, the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries (MADMF)
biannual trawl survey and the University of Rhode Island (URI), Graduate
School of Oceanography biweekly trawl survey. We thank all the staff
members of these various programmes and in particular: J. Hoey
(NEFSC-NCRP), J. King (MADMF), J. Moser and M. Ball (NEFSC-Study Fleet),
R. Johnston (NEFSC-NCRP) and J. Collie and A. Malek (URI). A special
thanks to Enhanced Biological Sampling of Flatfish colleagues W. D.
McElroy and E. Towle for sample collection, histology processing and
comments on earlier drafts. In addition, we thank G. Fitzhugh, J.
Pereira and M. Winton for comments on earlier drafts, and J. O'Neil
(NEFSC) for developing a data entry and management system specific to
this project. Finally, we acknowledge Mass Histology Service, Inc.
(http://www.masshistology.com/), for meeting our needs when processing
gonad tissue samples, and the North Atlantic Fisheries Organization's
Working Group on Reproductive Potential, particularly under the auspices
of the COST Action FA0601, for sharing information about interpreting
gonad histology.
NR 74
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 2
BP 421
EP 445
DI 10.1111/jfb.12431
PG 25
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AN2DK
UT WOS:000340393800016
PM 24942788
ER
PT J
AU Kihm, KD
Hight, B
Kirchoff, E
Yi, H
Rosenfeld, J
Rawal, S
Hussey, D
Jacobson, D
Bilheux, H
Walker, L
Voisin, S
Pratt, D
Swanson, A
AF Kihm, K. D.
Hight, B.
Kirchoff, E.
Yi, H.
Rosenfeld, J.
Rawal, S.
Hussey, D.
Jacobson, D.
Bilheux, H.
Walker, L.
Voisin, S.
Pratt, D.
Swanson, A.
TI Neutron Tomography of Lithium (Li) Coolant inside a Niobium (Nb) Heat
Pipe
SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Kihm, K. D.; Hight, B.; Kirchoff, E.; Yi, H.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Rosenfeld, J.] Thermacore Inc, Lancaster, PA USA.
[Rawal, S.] Lockheed Martin Space Syst Co, Denver, CO USA.
[Hussey, D.; Jacobson, D.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bilheux, H.; Walker, L.; Voisin, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Pratt, D.; Swanson, A.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
RP Kihm, KD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RI Bilheux, Hassina/H-4289-2012
OI Bilheux, Hassina/0000-0001-8574-2449
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0022-1481
EI 1528-8943
J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME
JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 8
AR 080903
PG 1
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA AN2RQ
UT WOS:000340433400004
ER
PT J
AU Nagano, A
Uehara, K
Suga, T
Kawai, Y
Ichikawa, H
Cronin, MF
AF Nagano, Akira
Uehara, Kazuyuki
Suga, Toshio
Kawai, Yoshimi
Ichikawa, Hiroshi
Cronin, Meghan F.
TI Origin of near-surface high-salinity water observed in the Kuroshio
Extension region
SO JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Kuroshio Extension; Salinity; Sea surface buoy; Argo float; KEO; JKEO
ID SUBTROPICAL MODE WATER; NORTH PACIFIC; VARIABILITY; GYRE
AB Hydrographic data in the Kuroshio Extension (KE) region from 2008 to 2010 show large year-to-year variability in near-surface salinity, including a very large anomalous event in February 2010. During this event, the deep winter mixed layer in the southern KE region had higher salinity than had existed during the previous summer in September 2009. Our analysis shows that advection from the Philippine Sea along the western branch of the North Pacific subtropical gyre, taking approximately 9 months, resulted in this large salinity anomaly in February 2010 and contributes to the interannual salinity variability in the southern KE region.
C1 [Nagano, Akira; Suga, Toshio; Kawai, Yoshimi; Ichikawa, Hiroshi] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Res & Dev Ctr Global Change, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[Uehara, Kazuyuki] Tokai Univ, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Shimizu Ku, Shimizu, Shizuoka 4248610, Japan.
[Suga, Toshio] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
[Cronin, Meghan F.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Nagano, A (reprint author), Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Res & Dev Ctr Global Change, 2-15 Natsushimacho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
EM nagano@jamstec.go.jp
RI Ichikawa, Hiroshi/A-9523-2010; Suga, Toshio/C-2708-2009
OI Ichikawa, Hiroshi/0000-0001-6576-0455;
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
[22106007]
FX The authors thank the captains, crew, technicians, and scientists for
collecting ship data on board the R/V Kaiyo, R/V Mirai, and R/V
Syoyo-maru (cruise numbers: MR08-03, MR09-04, MR10-01 leg 2, MR10-06,
KY09-07, and SY08-04), for the observations by KEO and K-TRITON (JKEO)
buoy systems, and for special efforts by Drs. K. Matsumoto, M. Honda,
and Y. Kashino. The authors also thank Drs. M. Konda, S. Hosoda, and T.
Hasegawa for their helpful comments. Thanks are extended to anonymous
reviewers for their helpful comments. This work was partly supported by
the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
(MEXT), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas
(22106007).
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0916-8370
EI 1573-868X
J9 J OCEANOGR
JI J. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 70
IS 4
BP 389
EP 403
DI 10.1007/s10872-014-0237-5
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AN3KZ
UT WOS:000340488200006
ER
PT J
AU McDougall, TJ
Groeskamp, S
Griffies, SM
AF McDougall, Trevor J.
Groeskamp, Sjoerd
Griffies, Stephen M.
TI On Geometrical Aspects of Interior Ocean Mixing
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRAL DENSITY; CIRCULATION; CONVERSION; TURBULENCE; SURFACES;
VELOCITY; TRACER; MODELS
AB The small-slope approximation to the full three-dimensional diffusion tensor of epineutral diffusion gives exactly the same tracer flux as the commonly used projected nonorthogonal diffusive flux of layered ocean models and of theoretical studies. The epineutral diffusion achieved by this small-slope approximation is not exactly in the direction of the correct epineutral tracer gradient. That is, the use of the small-slope approximation leads to a very small flux of tracer in a direction in which there is no epineutral gradient of tracer. For (the tracer) temperature or salinity, the difference between the correct epineutral gradient and the small-slope approximation to it is proportional to neutral helicity. The authors also make the point that small-scale turbulent mixing processes act to diffuse tracers isotropically (i.e., the same in each spatial direction) and hence it is strictly a misnomer to call this process "dianeutral diffusion" or "vertical diffusion." This realization also has implications for the diffusion tensor.
C1 [McDougall, Trevor J.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Math & Stat, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Groeskamp, Sjoerd] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Groeskamp, Sjoerd] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Griffies, Stephen M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP McDougall, TJ (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Math & Stat, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM trevor.mcdougall@unsw.edu.au
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
EI 1520-0485
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 44
IS 8
BP 2164
EP 2175
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-13-0270.1
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AN1NE
UT WOS:000340349800012
ER
PT J
AU Martini, KI
Simmons, HL
Stoudt, CA
Hutchings, JK
AF Martini, Kim I.
Simmons, Harper L.
Stoudt, Chase A.
Hutchings, Jennifer K.
TI Near-Inertial Internal Waves and Sea Ice in the Beaufort Sea
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID ARCTIC-OCEAN; PACK ICE; YERMAK PLATEAU; MIXED-LAYER; ENERGY FLUX;
PROPAGATION; WIND; VARIABILITY; GENERATION; MOTIONS
AB The evolution of the near-inertial internal wavefield from ice-free summertime conditions to ice-covered wintertime conditions is examined using data from a yearlong deployment of six moorings on the Beaufort continental slope from August 2008 to August 2009. When ice is absent, from July to October, energy is efficiently transferred from the atmosphere to the ocean, generating near-inertial internal waves. When ice is present, from November to June, storms also cause near-inertial oscillations in the ice and mixed layer, but kinetic energy is weaker and oscillations are quickly damped. Damping is dependent on ice pack strength and morphology. Decay scales are longer in early winter (November January) when the new ice pack is weaker and more mobile, decreasing in late winter (February June) when the ice pack is stronger and more rigid. Efficiency is also reduced, as comparisons of atmospheric energy available for internal wave generation to mixed layer kinetic energies indicate that a smaller percentage of atmospheric energy is transferred to near-inertial motions when ice concentrations are >90%. However, large kinetic energies and shears are observed during an event on 16 December and spectral energy is elevated above Garrett-Munk levels, coinciding with the largest energy flux predicted during the deployment. A significant amount of near-inertial energy is episodically transferred to the internal wave band from the atmosphere even when the ocean is ice covered; however, damping by ice and less efficient energy transfer still leads to low Arctic internal wave energy in the near-inertial band. Increased kinetic energy below 300 m when ice is forming suggests some events may generate internal waves that radiate into the Arctic Ocean interior.
C1 [Martini, Kim I.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Martini, Kim I.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Simmons, Harper L.; Stoudt, Chase A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Hutchings, Jennifer K.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Martini, KI (reprint author), Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, 3737 Brooklyn Ave NE,Box 355672, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM kmartini@uw.edu
FU NSF [ARC-0909432]; ONR [N00014-06-1-0728]
FX Kim Martini and Chase Stoudt were supported by NSF Award ARC-0909432.
Harper Simmons and Jennifer Hutchings were supported by ONR Award
N00014-06-1-0728. Thanks to R. Pickart (Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution) for providing the Arctic winch data used to calculate mixed
layer depths for the slab model and ADCP from moorings BS3 and BS4. S.
Okkonen (University of Alaska) provided ADCP data for mooring A4. We
thank Matthew Alford for his comments on the experimental design and for
his assistance in deploying the moorings. The authors also thank two
anonymous reviewers for providing reviews that greatly improved the
manuscript.
NR 43
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
EI 1520-0485
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 44
IS 8
BP 2212
EP 2234
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-13-0160.1
PG 23
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AN1NE
UT WOS:000340349800015
ER
PT J
AU Chang, YL
Oey, LY
AF Chang, Y. -L.
Oey, L. -Y.
TI Instability of the North Pacific subtropical countercurrent (vol 44, pg
818, 2014)
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Chang, Y. -L.] Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Taipei, Taiwan.
[Oey, L. -Y.] Natl Cent Univ, Zhongli, Taiwan.
[Oey, L. -Y.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Oey, LY (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, 300 Forrestal Rd,114 Sayre Hall, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM lyo@princeton.edu
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
EI 1520-0485
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 44
IS 8
BP 2248
EP 2248
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-14-0090.1
PG 1
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AN1NE
UT WOS:000340349800017
ER
PT J
AU Ettema, TJG
Lindas, AC
Hjort, K
Poplawski, AB
Kaessmann, H
Grogan, DW
Kelman, Z
Andersson, AF
Pelve, E
Lundgren, M
Svard, SG
AF Ettema, Thijs J. G.
Lindas, Ann-Christin
Hjort, Karin
Poplawski, Andrzej B.
Kaessmann, Henrik
Grogan, Dennis W.
Kelman, Zvi
Andersson, Anders F.
Pelve, Erik
Lundgren, Magnus
Svard, Staffan G.
TI Rolf Bernander (1956-2014): pioneer of the archaeal cell cycle (vol 92,
pg 903, 2014)
SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Correction
ID ESCRT; CYTOKINESIS; MACHINERY; DIVISION
C1 [Ettema, Thijs J. G.; Lundgren, Magnus; Svard, Staffan G.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Sci Life Lab, Uppsala, Sweden.
[Lindas, Ann-Christin] Stockholm Univ, Wenner Gren Inst, Dept Mol Biosci, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Hjort, Karin] Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Biochem & Microbiol, Uppsala, Sweden.
[Poplawski, Andrzej B.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Genet, Birmingham, AL USA.
[Kaessmann, Henrik] Univ Lausanne, Ctr Integrat Genom, Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Kaessmann, Henrik] Swiss Inst Bioinformat, Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Grogan, Dennis W.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH USA.
[Kelman, Zvi] Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD USA.
[Kelman, Zvi] NIST, Rockville, MD USA.
[Andersson, Anders F.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sci Life Lab, Sch Biotechnol, Div Gene Technol, Stockholm, Sweden.
[Pelve, Erik] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Ettema, TJG (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Sci Life Lab, Uppsala, Sweden.
RI Lindas, Ann-Christin/P-6706-2015; Kaessmann, Henrik/B-4989-2013
OI Lindas, Ann-Christin/0000-0002-0368-3295;
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0950-382X
EI 1365-2958
J9 MOL MICROBIOL
JI Mol. Microbiol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 93
IS 3
BP 582
EP 582
DI 10.1111/mmi.12691
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA AN1VF
UT WOS:000340371200015
ER
PT J
AU Edgington, AJ
Petersen, EJ
Herzing, AA
Podila, R
Rao, A
Klaine, SJ
AF Edgington, Aaron James
Petersen, Elijah J.
Herzing, Andrew A.
Podila, Ramakrishna
Rao, Apparao
Klaine, Stephen J.
TI Microscopic investigation of single-wall carbon nanotube uptake by
Daphnia magna
SO NANOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Absorption; electron microscopy; nanomaterials
ID NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; ECOLOGICAL UPTAKE; PROTEIN
CORONA; RAINBOW-TROUT; TOXICITY; BIOACCUMULATION; ECOTOXICITY;
ADSORPTION; CELLS
AB The objectives of this study were to determine the extent of absorption of functionalized single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) across the gut epithelial cells in Daphnia magna. Several microscopic techniques were utilized, including micro-Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and selective area diffraction (SAD). In an effort to examine the variation in uptake due to surface properties, four groups of differently functionalized SWCNTs were used: hydroxylated (OH-SWCNTs), silicon dioxide (SiO2-SWCNTs), poly aminobenzenesulfonic acid (PABS-SWCNTs) and polyethylene glycol (PEG-SWCNTs). Raman spectroscopy was able to detect OH-SWCNTs within the gut, but lacked the spatial resolution that is needed to identify lower concentrations of SWCNTs that may have been absorbed by body tissues. Initially, low-magnification imaging of exposed D. magna sections in the TEM revealed several features, which suggested absorption of SWCNTs. However, subsequent analysis with additional techniques (HRTEM, X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy and SAD) indicated that these features were either artifacts produced via the specimen staining process or consisted of non-graphitic, organic structures. This latter observation emphasizes the inherent difficulty in resolving SWCNTs embedded within a complex, organic matrix, as well as the care with which imaging results must be interpreted and supplemented with other, more analytical techniques.
C1 [Edgington, Aaron James; Klaine, Stephen J.] Clemson Univ, Inst Environm Toxicol, Pendleton, SC USA.
[Petersen, Elijah J.; Herzing, Andrew A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Podila, Ramakrishna; Rao, Apparao] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Edgington, AJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Aquat Toxicol Lab, 33972 Texas St SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
EM aaron.edgington@oregonstate.edu
RI Petersen, Elijah/E-3034-2013
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's STAR program [R833886, R834092]
FX This work was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's STAR
program grant numbers R833886 and R834092.
NR 41
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 57
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI NEW YORK
PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1743-5390
EI 1743-5404
J9 NANOTOXICOLOGY
JI Nanotoxicology
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 8
SU 1
BP 2
EP 10
DI 10.3109/17435390.2013.847504
PG 9
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Toxicology
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Toxicology
GA AN3YH
UT WOS:000340524300001
PM 24350828
ER
PT J
AU Schwietzke, S
Griffin, WM
Matthews, HS
Bruhwiler, LMP
AF Schwietzke, Stefan
Griffin, W. Michael
Matthews, H. Scott
Bruhwiler, Lori M. P.
TI Global Bottom-Up Fossil Fuel Fugitive Methane and Ethane Emissions
Inventory for Atmospheric Modeling
SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Natural gas; Methane; Life cycle assessments; Fossil fuels; Atmospheric
modeling
ID NATURAL-GAS; UNITED-STATES; UNCERTAINTY; FOOTPRINT; DECADES; SYSTEMS;
CH4
AB Natural gas (NG)-related fugitive methane (CH4) emissions estimates from life cycle assessments (LCA) and local field measurements are highly uncertain. Globally distributed long-term atmospheric measurements and top-down modeling can help understand whether LCA and field studies are representative of the global industry average. Attributing sources, such as the NG industry, to global total top-down emissions estimates requires detailed and transparent global a priori bottom-up emissions inventories. Establishing an a priori bottom-up inventory as a tool for top-down modeling is the focus of this work, which extends existing fossil fuel (FF) inventories over the past three decades: (i) It includes ethane (C2H6) emissions, which is a convenient FF tracer gas given available global C2H6 observations. (ii) Fuel specific CH4 and C2H6 emissions uncertainties are quantified. (iii) NG CH4 and C2H6 emissions are estimated for different fugitive emissions rate (FER; % of dry production) scenarios as a basis for quantifying global average FER top-down. While our global oil and coal CH4 estimates coincide well with EDGAR v4.2 for most years, country-level emissions vary substantially, and coal emissions increase at a lower rate over the past decade. Global emissions grid maps are presented for use in top-down modeling.
C1 [Schwietzke, Stefan; Griffin, W. Michael; Matthews, H. Scott] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Engn & Publ Policy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Griffin, W. Michael] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Tepper Sch Business, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Matthews, H. Scott] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Schwietzke, Stefan; Bruhwiler, Lori M. P.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Schwietzke, S (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway GMD1, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM stefan.schwietzke@noaa.gov
RI Griffin, William/M-2943-2014;
OI Griffin, William/0000-0002-1709-4280; SCHWIETZKE,
STEFAN/0000-0002-1836-8968
FU Climate and Energy Decision Making (CEDM) Center [SES-0949710]; ERM
Foundation-North America Sustainability Fellowship
FX We thank Mitchell Small for valuable comments and discussions. This
research was made possible through support from the Climate and Energy
Decision Making (CEDM) Center. This Center has been created through a
cooperative agreement between the National Science Foundation
(SES-0949710) and Carnegie Mellon University. The ERM Foundation-North
America Sustainability Fellowship has provided additional funding.
NR 55
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 29
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2168-0485
J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG
JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 8
BP 1992
EP 2001
DI 10.1021/sc500163h
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY;
Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering
GA AM6NM
UT WOS:000339981900009
ER
PT J
AU Fernandez-Carvalho, J
Imhoff, JL
Faria, VV
Carlson, JK
Burgess, GH
AF Fernandez-Carvalho, Joana
Imhoff, Johanna L.
Faria, Vicente V.
Carlson, John K.
Burgess, George H.
TI Status and the potential for extinction of the largetooth sawfish
Pristis pristis in the Atlantic Ocean
SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE conservation evaluation; endangered species; estuary; coastal; brackish;
fish
ID INFERRING EXTINCTION; SIGHTING RECORD; LAKE NICARAGUA; WEST-AFRICA;
POPULATION; PEROTTETI; RECOVERY; THREAT
AB 1. Sawfishes currently are among the most threatened elasmobranchs in the world. Only two species inhabit Atlantic waters: the largetooth sawfish (Pristis pristis) and the smalltooth sawfish (Pristis pectinata), both having suffered dramatic declines in their ranges.
2. The goal of this study was to evaluate the status of P. pristis in the Atlantic, and estimate local extinction risk based on historical and recent occurrence records. In order to accomplish these goals, a thorough search for historical and recent records of P. pristis in the Atlantic was conducted, by reviewing scientific and popular literature, museum specimens, and contacting regional scientists from the species' historical range.
3. In total, 801 P. pristis records (1830-2009) document its occurrence in four major regions in the Atlantic: USA (n = 41), Mexico and Central America (n = 535), South America (n = 162), and West Africa (n = 48). Locality data were not available for 15 records.
4. Historical abundance centres were the Colorado-San Juan River system in Nicaragua and Costa Rica (and secondarily Lake Izabal of Guatemala), the Amazon estuary, and coastal Guinea-Bissau.
5. Currently, the species faces drastic depletion throughout its entire former range and centres of abundance. It appears to have been extirpated from several areas. The probability of extinction was highest in the USA, northern South America (Colombia to Guyane), and southern West Africa (Cameroon to Namibia).
6. Currently, the Amazon estuary appears to have the highest remaining abundance of P. pristis in the Atlantic, followed by the Colorado-San Juan River system in Nicaragua and Costa Rica and the Bissagos Archipelago in Guinea Bissau. Therefore the protection of these populations is crucial for the preservation and recovery of the species. Copyright (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Fernandez-Carvalho, Joana; Imhoff, Johanna L.; Burgess, George H.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Florida Program Shark Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Fernandez-Carvalho, Joana] Univ Algarve, Ctr Ciencias Mar CCMAR, P-8005139 Faro, Portugal.
[Imhoff, Johanna L.] Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Faria, Vicente V.] Univ Fed Ceara, Inst Marine Sci Labomar, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
[Carlson, John K.] US Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City Lab, Panama City, FL USA.
RP Fernandez-Carvalho, J (reprint author), Univ Algarve, Ctr Ciencias Mar, Campus Gambelas,FCT Ed 7, P-8005139 Faro, Portugal.
EM jfcarvalho@ualg.pt
FU National Marine Fisheries Service; FCT; Portuguese Foundation for
Science and Technology [BD 60624/2009]
FX Funding to support this project was provided by the National Marine
Fisheries Service. During part of this study Joana Fernandez-Carvalho
was supported by a grant from FCT, the Portuguese Foundation for Science
and Technology (Ref: BD 60624/2009). We appreciate the assistance
provided by many friends and colleagues, especially D. Bethea, S.
Norton, G. Poulakis, and T. Wiley. The hard work and patience of FPSR
staff members and volunteers C. Bester, S. Buhler, C. Campbell, F.
Carvalho, R. Coelho, and J. Zill is gratefully acknowledged. We thank
the following curators of museum, university, and private ichthyological
collections who responded to our requests for information on their
sawfish holdings: A. Bentley, B. Brown, D. Catania, P. Chakrabarty, P.
Charvet, M. Dressler, N. Douglas, N. Ferre, A. Harold, K. Hartel, G.
Hogue, B. Kuhajda, S. LeCroy, J. MacLaine, M. McDavitt, R. Norton, C.
Opitz, H. Prestridge, P. Pruvost, N. Rios, M. Rogers, J. Rosales, M.
Sabaj, A. Sanderson, J. Seigel, J. Seitz, B. Seret, and J. Williams. We
thank the following researchers for their valuable anecdotal accounts of
P. pristis in the state or country in which they work: A. Acero
(Invemar-Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Colombia), R.
Burris (MS Dept of Marine Resources), J. L. Castillo-Geniz (INAPESCA,
Mexico), A. O. Debrot (Carmabi Foundation, Curacao), H. Guzman
(Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama), F. Gomez
(Departamento de Biologia Ponteficia Universidad Javeriana, Colombia),
M. G. G. Grol (Department of Animal Ecology and Ecophysiology, Radboud
University, Aruba), J. Huet ("Poisson-Scie", Noe Conservation/FIBA,
Guinea-Bissau), D. Matos-Caraballo (DNER Fishery Research Laboratory,
Puerto Rico), M. M. Carranza (ECOSUR, Mexico), J. Nunes (Universidade
Federal do Maranhao, Brazil), F. P. Amargos (CIEC, Cuba), J. C. P.
Jimenez (ECOSUR, Mexico), L. Py-Daniel (INPA, Brazil), and R. Tavares
(Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agricolas, Venezuela). Finally,
we would like to thank the anonymous reviewers whose valuable comments
greatly improved this manuscript.
NR 82
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U1 1
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1052-7613
EI 1099-0755
J9 AQUAT CONSERV
JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 4
BP 478
EP 497
DI 10.1002/aqc.2394
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AN0BR
UT WOS:000340247200004
ER
PT J
AU Swimmer, Y
Campora, CE
Mcnaughton, L
Musyl, M
Parga, M
AF Swimmer, Y.
Campora, C. Empey
Mcnaughton, L.
Musyl, M.
Parga, M.
TI Post-release mortality estimates of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta
caretta) caught in pelagic longline fisheries based on satellite data
and hooking location
SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE bycatch; telemetry; post-release mortality; sea turtles
ID CIRCLE HOOKS; TRACKING TURTLES; BYCATCH; MARINE; CATCH; SURVIVAL;
CAPTURE; REDUCE; DEATH; OCEAN
AB 1. There are few reliable estimates of post-release mortality for sea turtle species because of the many challenges and costs associated with tracking animals released at sea. In this study, the likelihood of sea turtle mortality as a result of interactions with longline fishing gear was estimated based on satellite telemetry data, such as the number of days an animal was successfully tracked, or days at liberty (DAL) and dive depth data, as well as anatomical hooking locations.
2. Pop-up satellite archival tags were deployed on 29 loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) caught by the North Pacific US-based pelagic longline fishery operating from California and Hawaii between 2002 and 2006. Loggerhead turtles were catagorized by observers as shallow-hooked (55%) if the animal was entangled in the line or the hook was in the flipper, jaw or mouth and could be removed, or deep-hooked (45%) if the hook was ingested and could not be removed. The vertical movements of turtles were used to infer potential mortalities.
3. Of the 25 tags that reported data, the DAL ranged from 3 to 243 days (mean = 68 days). The DAL was shorter (by nearly 50%) for shallow-hooked (mean = 48 days, range: 3 to 127) compared to deep-hooked turtles (mean = 94 days, range: 5 to 243), but these changes were not statistically significant (P = 0.0658).
4. Although aspects of these analyses may be considered speculative, these data provide empirical evidence to indicate that deep-hooking is not linked to shorter DAL.
5. DAL, anatomical hooking location, and gear removal were evaluated with inferences about the extent of injuries and rates of infection to estimate an overall post-release mortality rate of 28% (95% bootstrap CI: 16-52%).
6. This range of estimates is consistent with those used to shape some US fisheries management plans, suggesting that conservation goals are being achieved at the expected level and ideally striking a balance between the interests of industry and those of protected species. Copyright (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Swimmer, Y.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Campora, C. Empey] Biolintec Consulting LLC, Kailua, HI USA.
[Mcnaughton, L.; Musyl, M.] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Musyl, M.] Pelag Res Grp LLC, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Parga, M.] SUBMON, Barcelona, Spain.
RP Swimmer, Y (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM yonat.swimmer@noaa.gov
FU University of Hawaii Pelagic Fisheries Research Program [658847];
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (NOAA, US National Marine
Fisheries Service)
FX We thank the fisheries observers, coordinators, vessel owners and crew
involved in this project. We are also grateful to C. Boggs, L. Nakamura,
D. Lau and J. Sibert for extensive technical and administrative
assistance. This project was funded by the University of Hawaii Pelagic
Fisheries Research Program (Grant #658847) and the Pacific Islands
Fisheries Science Center (NOAA, US National Marine Fisheries Service).
All research was conducted in accordance with the protocols and handling
guidelines set forth by the University of Hawaii Animal Care and Use
Committee (IACUC Protocol #00-037-2). The views expressed herein are
those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA of
any of its subdivisions.
NR 45
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U1 4
U2 39
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1052-7613
EI 1099-0755
J9 AQUAT CONSERV
JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 4
BP 498
EP 510
DI 10.1002/aqc.2396
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AN0BR
UT WOS:000340247200005
ER
PT J
AU Balmer, BC
Wells, RS
Schwacke, LH
Schwacke, JH
Danielson, B
George, RC
Lane, SM
Mclellan, WA
Pabst, DA
Sparks, K
Speakman, TR
Townsend, FI
Zolman, ES
AF Balmer, Brian C.
Wells, Randall S.
Schwacke, Lori H.
Schwacke, John H.
Danielson, Barbara
George, R. Clay
Lane, Suzanne M.
Mclellan, William A.
Pabst, D. Ann
Sparks, Kate
Speakman, Todd R.
Townsend, Forrest I.
Zolman, Eric S.
TI Integrating multiple techniques to identify stock boundaries of common
bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE bottlenose dolphin; photo-identification; ranging patterns; stock
structure; telemetry; Tursiops truncatus
ID NOSED DOLPHINS; SATELLITE TELEMETRY; SEASONAL ABUNDANCE;
PHOCOENA-PHOCOENA; HARBOR PORPOISES; RADIO-TRACKING; SOUTH-CAROLINA;
DIVE BEHAVIOR; MOVEMENTS; PATTERNS
AB 1. Under US policy, a stock is a group of animals shown to be demographically independent from other such groups. Evidence of demographic delineations for marine mammal stocks is gained primarily through genetic analysis. However, additional techniques play an important role in determining fine-scale ranging patterns that can be used to define a stock's geographic boundaries. In cases where genetic studies have not yet been performed, movement and ranging pattern data are essential in identifying a targeted geographic region for tissue sampling and genetic studies.
2. Photo-identification surveys, vessel-based radio telemetry, automated radio telemetry systems (ARTS), and satellite-linked telemetry are sampling techniques that have been used to determine common bottlenose dolphin ranging patterns and provide detailed insight into stock boundaries. The results of near simultaneous use of these sampling techniques are compared using data from a case study of bottlenose dolphins within the estuaries of southern Georgia.
3. Satellite-linked and radio telemetry were determined to be useful sampling techniques for identification of short-term ranging patterns. Satellite-linked telemetry had the second lowest cost per location ($122) and identified dolphin ranging patterns within and outside of the study area boundaries. Vessel-based radio telemetry was more costly ($195 per location) and had relatively limited tracking coverage. However, this sampling technique permitted visual observations of animal and tag condition. The combination of vessel-based radio telemetry and ARTS, which had the lowest cost per location ($34), was an effective method for determining ranging patterns of tagged individuals within and outside of the study area.
4. Photo-identification surveys, relative to satellite-linked and radio telemetry, were not as efficient for determination of targeted individuals' short-term ranging patterns and had the highest cost per location of the four sampling techniques ($292). However, photo-identification is more effective than any other technique for compiling data on large numbers of individuals within a designated study area. Photo-identification surveys are essential for long-term monitoring and provide additional insight into dolphin stock structure that cannot be determined through telemetry alone. Copyright (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Balmer, Brian C.; Wells, Randall S.] Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zool Soc, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
[Balmer, Brian C.; Mclellan, William A.; Pabst, D. Ann] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
[Schwacke, Lori H.; Lane, Suzanne M.; Speakman, Todd R.; Zolman, Eric S.] NOAA, Ctr Human Hlth Risks, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Schwacke, John H.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Danielson, Barbara] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[George, R. Clay; Sparks, Kate] Georgia Dept Nat Resources, Nongame Conservat Sect, Brunswick, GA 31520 USA.
[Townsend, Forrest I.] Bayside Hosp Anim, Ft Walton Beach, FL 32547 USA.
RP Balmer, BC (reprint author), Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zool Soc, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
EM bbalmer@mote.org
FU NOAA's Ocean and Human Health Initiative; NOAA's Marine Mammal Health
and Stranding Response Program; Chicago Zoological Society; University
of North Carolina Wilmington; Georgia Dolphin Project; Georgia
Department of Natural Resources
FX This research was funded by NOAA's Ocean and Human Health Initiative and
NOAA's Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program, with
additional support provided by the Chicago Zoological Society,
University of North Carolina Wilmington, The Georgia Dolphin Project,
and Georgia Department of Natural Resources. We would like to thank
Colin Hunter, Chris Kochanny, and the rest of the staff of SirTrack for
their work in satellite-linked tag development; P. Clarke for logistical
and field assistance across all sampling efforts; L. Fulford, and all of
the additional participants in the NOAA health assessment; and the
thoughtful insight from two anonymous reviewers. We also thank the US
Fish and Wildlife Service, Little Cumberland Island, US Army Corp of
Engineers, Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve, and
particularly D. Hurley, for support of this research and logistical
assistance. Field work was conducted under Scientific Research Permit
Number 932-1905/MA-009526 issued by NOAA Fisheries, General
Authorization Letter of Confirmation No. 1064 1748 and 14348, and IACUC
permit numbers HQ-2009-001 and UNCW 2007-016.
NR 41
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U1 2
U2 35
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1052-7613
EI 1099-0755
J9 AQUAT CONSERV
JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 4
BP 511
EP 521
DI 10.1002/aqc.2357
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AN0BR
UT WOS:000340247200006
ER
PT J
AU Stewart, KR
Martin, KJ
Johnson, C
Desjardin, N
Eckert, SA
Crowder, LB
AF Stewart, Kelly R.
Martin, Kelly J.
Johnson, Chris
Desjardin, Nicole
Eckert, Scott A.
Crowder, Larry B.
TI Increased nesting, good survival and variable site fidelity for
leatherback turtles in Florida, USA
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Dermochelys coriacea; Survival; Abundance; Florida; Nesting range;
Clutch frequency; Site fidelity; Population size
ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; DERMOCHELYS-CORIACEA; ROBUST DESIGN; TEMPORARY
EMIGRATION; SEA-TURTLES; SELECTION; POPULATION; ECOLOGY
AB Despite facing serious threats of extinction in the Eastern Pacific, the leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) appears to be thriving in the Atlantic basin based on increasing nest counts at several rookeries. In particular, Florida's nest numbers have been increasing by 10.2% per year since standardized counts began in 1979. The US Recovery Plan for leatherbacks calls for vital rates and population parameters to be determined for the three leatherback rookeries under US jurisdiction: St. Croix (USVI), Puerto Rico, and the east coast of Florida. Based on mark-recapture data gathered over eleven years, we determined important population parameters for nesting female leatherbacks at Juno Beach, one of the most densely nested beaches in Florida. Average annual survival was 88.9%. The average female nesting population size for Juno Beach is estimated at 100 +/- 41 individuals each season; statewide we expect the estimate to be higher. The average remigration interval was 2.7 +/- 1.0 years. In addition, we report observed clutch frequency (2.1 +/- 1.4 clutches/year), estimated clutch frequency (4.4 +/- 1.1 nests/year), and observed internesting period (10.2 +/- 1.3 days between nests). The probability of observing an individual female at least once during the season was 73.0%, likely due to variable site fidelity, even though sea turtles do exhibit natal homing. Using opportunistic observations at additional beaches, we found that 72 females observed nesting within the Juno Beach study area were also observed nesting outside the study area. Thirty-three individuals laid clutches both inside and outside the survey area within a single season; these nests were separated by as much as 463.5 km. Although the population in Florida is relatively small compared to other rookeries throughout the Western Atlantic, it is increasing at such a rapid pace that it has the potential to become more important regionally, thereby contributing to the abundance of leatherbacks in the Atlantic. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Stewart, Kelly R.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Stewart, Kelly R.] Ocean Fdn, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
[Martin, Kelly J.; Johnson, Chris] Loggerhead Marinelife Ctr, Juno Beach, FL 33408 USA.
[Martin, Kelly J.; Johnson, Chris] Project Leatherback Inc, Palm Beach Gardens, FL 33410 USA.
[Desjardin, Nicole] Ecol Associates Inc, Jensen Beach, FL 34958 USA.
[Eckert, Scott A.] Wider Caribbean Sea Turtle Conservat Network WIDE, Ballwin, MO 63011 USA.
[Crowder, Larry B.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
RP Stewart, KR (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM Kelly.Stewart@noaa.gov
FU Disney Wildlife Conservation Fund; Loggerhead Marinelife Center; Marine
Turtle Grants Program (Florida License Plate Fund); National Fish and
Wildlife Foundation; National Save the Sea Turtle Foundation; Oak
Foundation; PADI Aware; Sigma Xi
FX All work described herein was approved under Marine Turtle Permit #157
issued to C. Johnson (Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Commission), as well as Duke University IACUC Protocol #A157-04-05.
Facility and logistics support were provided by the Loggerhead
Marinelife Center at Juno Beach. This study was funded by the Disney
Wildlife Conservation Fund, Loggerhead Marinelife Center, Marine Turtle
Grants Program (Florida License Plate Fund), National Fish and Wildlife
Foundation, National Save the Sea Turtle Foundation, Oak Foundation,
PADI Aware, Sigma Xi, B. Geyer, A. Simler, personal funds and anonymous
donors. For additional logistical support, equipment, housing and
supplies we sincerely thank T. Coulliette (Sebastian Inlet State Park),
D. Bergeron, S. Duncan, and P. Rash (John D. MacArthur Beach State
Park). For field assistance we thank C. Owens, S. Bergeron, A. Luering,
S. Phelan, S. Fournies, J. Marsh, J. Smith, K. Garrido, L Zimmer, J.
Hill, R. Miner, R Hazelkorn, J. Pate, S. Strandlie, T. Cutt, M. Merrill,
D. Thompson, and other volunteers who worked on the project from 2001 to
2011. We would like to thank the following people for reporting tagged
turtles on other Florida beaches: D. Bagley, K. Rusenko, J. Wyneken, M.
Koperski and P. Quincy. Additionally, we thank W. Kendall for comments
and suggestions that significantly improved the quality of the analysis
and manuscript as well as an anonymous reviewer and our handling editor,
M. Costello.
NR 49
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U1 8
U2 55
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 176
BP 117
EP 125
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.05.008
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM9TI
UT WOS:000340223500013
ER
PT J
AU Olsen, JL
Coyer, JA
Chesney, B
AF Olsen, Jeanine L.
Coyer, James A.
Chesney, Bryant
TI Numerous mitigation transplants of the eelgrass Zostera marina in
southern California shuffle genetic diversity and may promote
hybridization with Zostera pacifica
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Admixture; Diversity; Genetics; Hybridization; Management; Transplants
ID COASTAL BAY SYSTEM; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; POPULATION-STRUCTURE;
MICROSATELLITE LOCI; CLONAL ORGANISMS; F-STATISTICS; RECOVERY; DISTANCE;
DISTURBANCE; DOMINANCE
AB Intensive human pressures along the southern California coast have led to >50 mitigation transplants of eelgrass over the past 30 years. We analyzed diversity and population structure of Zostera marina and Zostera pacifica at 36 locations to identify potential management units and further develop transplant guidelines. Normalized allelic diversity of Z. marina was uniformly moderate to high (4.78; 3.48-6.44) and nearly twofold higher than mainland Z. pacifica (2.70; 1.74-4.89). More than half of the Z. marina populations exhibited strongly significant inbreeding coefficients coupled with strong linkage disequilibrium attributable to transplant effects; neither attribute was found in Z. pacifica. Both species were characterized by high genotypic diversity and an absence of large clones. A Bayesian analysis of population structure suggested 6 potential management units for Z. marina and 3 for Z. pacifica; some units included disjunct locations associated with transplants. Hybridization between Z. marina and Z. pacifica Was documented at Newport Bay Entrance Channel and south San Diego Bay. The presence of two species requires management plans for each, as well as avoidance of potential transplant-induced hybridization. Although transplant admixtures elevate diversity, shuffling among locations may potentially reduce the genetic potential necessary to ensure rapid adaptation, even though overall transplant success has been successful. Given that transplants will continue (from both plants and seeds), we recommend that the current requirement for "two additional distinct donor sites" be restricted to within a management unit for small, routine mitigations and expanded to among-management units for wholesale de novo restorations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Olsen, Jeanine L.] Univ Groningen, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Studies, Marine Benth Ecol & Evolut Grp, NL-9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands.
[Coyer, James A.] Cornell Univ, Shoals Marine Lab, Portsmouth, NH 03801 USA.
[Chesney, Bryant] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Habitat Conservat Div, Long Beach, CA 90802 USA.
RP Olsen, JL (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Studies, Marine Benth Ecol & Evolut Grp, Postbus 11103,Nijenborgh 7, NL-9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands.
EM j.l.olsen@rug.nl
FU NOAA - USA via Western Regional Acquisition Division, Southwest Region,
NMFS, Long Beach, CA [NFFR5400-11-04308]
FX We thank Adam Obaza, Eric Chavez and the Santa Barbara Channelkeeper for
the California collections: and Lydia Ladah for the Mexican collections.
We also thank Jan Veldsink for technical assistance in the laboratory
and Per Palsboll for discussions about linkage disequilibrium. This work
was supported by NOAA - USA Grant (NFFR5400-11-04308) to JLO via the
Western Regional Acquisition Division, Southwest Region, NMFS, Long
Beach, CA. The views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the
view of those organizations.
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 176
BP 133
EP 143
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.05.001
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM9TI
UT WOS:000340223500015
ER
PT J
AU Chen, C
Weir, MD
Cheng, L
Lin, NJ
Lin-Gibson, S
Chow, LC
Zhou, XD
Xu, HHK
AF Chen, Chen
Weir, Michael D.
Cheng, Lei
Lin, Nancy J.
Lin-Gibson, Sheng
Chow, Laurence C.
Zhou, Xuedong
Xu, Hockin H. K.
TI Antibacterial activity and ion release of bonding agent containing
amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles
SO DENTAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Antibacterial bonding agent; Nanoparticles of amorphous calcium
phosphate; Ion release; Dental plaque microcosm biofilm; Dentin bond
strength; Caries
ID MONOMER DIMETHYLAMINODODECYL METHACRYLATE; STREPTOCOCCUS-MUTANS
BIOFILMS; IN-SITU MODEL; QUATERNARY AMMONIUM; RESIN-COMPOSITES; DENTAL
ADHESIVES; SHRINKAGE-STRESS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SILVER
NANOPARTICLES; CARIES-INHIBITION
AB Objective. Recurrent caries at the margins is a primary reason for restoration failure. The objectives of this study were to develop bonding agent with the double benefits of antibacterial and remineralizing capabilities, to investigate the effects of NACP filler level and solution pH on Ca and P ion release from adhesive, and to examine the antibacterial and dentin bond properties.
Methods. Nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) and a quaternary ammonium monomer (dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate, DMADDM) were synthesized. Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP) primer and adhesive served as control. DMADDM was incorporated into primer and adhesive at 5% by mass. NACP was incorporated into adhesive at filler mass fractions of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model was used to test the antibacterial bonding agents. Calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ion releases from the cured adhesive samples were measured vs. filler level and solution pH of 7, 5.5 and 4.
Results. Adding 5% DMADDM and 10-40% NACP into bonding agent, and water-aging for 28 days, did not affect dentin bond strength, compared to SBMP control at 1 day (p > 0.1). Adding DMADDM into bonding agent substantially decreased the biofilm metabolic activity and lactic acid production. Total microorganisms, total streptococci, and mutans streptococci were greatly reduced for bonding agents containing DMADDM. Increasing NACP filler level from 10% to 40% in adhesive increased the Ca and P ion release by an order of magnitude. Decreasing solution pH from 7 to 4 increased the ion release from adhesive by 6-10 folds.
Signcance. Bonding agents containing antibacterial DMADDM and remineralizer NACP were formulated to have Ca and P ion release, which increased with NACP filler level from 10% to 40% in adhesive. NACP adhesive was "smart" and dramatically increased the ion release at cariogenic pH 4, when these ions would be most-needed to inhibit caries. Therefore, bonding agent containing DMADDM and NACP may be promising to inhibit biofilms and remineralize tooth lesions thereby increasing the restoration longevity. (C) 2014 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Chen; Weir, Michael D.; Xu, Hockin H. K.] Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont Prosthodont & Operat Dent, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Chen, Chen; Cheng, Lei; Zhou, Xuedong] Sichuan Univ, West China Hosp Stomatol, State Key Lab Oral Dis, Chengdu 610064, Peoples R China.
[Lin, Nancy J.; Lin-Gibson, Sheng] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Biomat Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chow, Laurence C.] Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Dr Anthony Volper Res Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Xu, Hockin H. K.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Stem Cell Biol & Regenerat Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Xu, Hockin H. K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
RP Xu, HHK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont, Biomat & Tissue Engn Div, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
EM zhouxd@scu.edu.cn; hxu@umaryland.edu
FU NIH [R01 DE17974]; West China Hospital of Stomatology; University of
Maryland Baltimore School of Dentistry; University of Maryland Baltimore
FX We thank Drs. Fang Li, Ke Zhang and Joseph M. Antonucci for fruitful
discussions. This study was supported by NIH R01 DE17974 (HX), a
scholarship from the West China Hospital of Stomatology (CC), a bridge
fund from the University of Maryland Baltimore School of Dentistry (HX),
and a seed grant from the University of Maryland Baltimore (HX).
NR 59
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U2 46
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0109-5641
EI 1879-0097
J9 DENT MATER
JI Dent. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 8
BP 891
EP 901
DI 10.1016/j.dental.2014.05.025
PG 11
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science
GA AM6TQ
UT WOS:000339998500015
PM 24954647
ER
PT J
AU Vinueza, LR
Menge, BA
Ruiz, D
Palacios, DM
AF Vinueza, Luis R.
Menge, Bruce A.
Ruiz, Diego
Palacios, Daniel M.
TI Oceanographic and climatic variation drive top-down/bottom-up coupling
in the Galapagos intertidal meta-ecosystem
SO ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
LA English
DT Article
DE algae; bottom-up; climate; ENSO; Galapagos; herbivory; marine iguanas;
oceanographic conditions; productivity; rocky shores; top-down; tropics
ID EL-NINO; MARINE IGUANAS; CORAL-REEF; ROCKY-SHORE; TERRESTRIAL
ECOSYSTEMS; INTERACTION STRENGTH; SPECIES RICHNESS;
AMBLYRHYNCHUS-CRISTATUS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; UPWELLING GRADIENT
AB The impact of herbivores on primary producers in differing oceanographic regimes is a matter of intense ecological interest due to ongoing changes in their abundance, that of their predators, and anthropomorphic alteration of, nutrient cycles and climatic patterns. Interactions between productivity and herbivory in marine habitats have been studied on temperate rocky shores, coral reefs, mangroves, and salt marshes, but less so at tropical latitudes. To determine how herbivore-alga dynamics varied with oceanographic regime, we used the comparative-experimental approach in rocky intertidal communities on the Galapagos Islands from January 2006 to January 2009. This setting was selected because strongly contrasting oceanographic conditions occurred within a range of similar to 181 km, with significant differences in temperature, nutrients, phytoplankton productivity, and intertidal communities, and in abundance of macro-herbivores, including marine iguanas. Experiments and measurements were conducted at two sites in each of three oceanographic regimes characterized by low, intermediate, and high bottom-up inputs. At sites of low inputs, macro-herbivores (fish, crabs, iguanas) had a consistent top-down effect, reducing algal abundance, and leaving a few grazer-resistant varieties. At sites of intermediate and high inputs, consumer impacts were stronger during La Nina (cool phase) than during El Nino (warm phase). At sites of high inputs, algal biomass was naturally relatively high and was dominated by the edible algae Ulva spp. Macro-grazers reduced algal biomass, but their primary effect was indirect, as articulated corallines displaced other species of algae in their absence. Prior results from the tropics had revealed dominant effects of top-down interactions and recruitment in structuring intertidal communities. Our results suggest that, when a broader oceanographic scenario is taken into account, the relative importance of top-down and bottom-up forces are context dependent, varying with oceanographic regime and climatic variability.
C1 [Vinueza, Luis R.] Univ San Francisco Quito, COCIBA Colegio Ciencias Biol & Ambientales, San Cristobal Galapagos, Ecuador.
[Vinueza, Luis R.] Galapagos Sci Ctr, San Cristobal Galapagos, Ecuador.
[Vinueza, Luis R.; Menge, Bruce A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Ruiz, Diego] Leibniz Ctr Trop Marine Ecol ZMT, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Ruiz, Diego] Charles Darwin Fdn, Isla Santa Cruz, Galapagos, Ecuador.
[Palacios, Daniel M.] NOAA, Div Environm Res, NMFS, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Palacios, Daniel M.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Marine Mammal Inst, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Menge, BA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM MengeB@oregonstate.edu
OI Palacios, Daniel/0000-0001-7069-7913
FU Rufford Small Grants Awards; American Academy of Underwater Sciences;
Conservation Fund from the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium; Lindbergh
Foundation; Cleveland Zoo Zoology Research Fund; Andrew W. Mellon
Foundation; Wayne and Gladys Valley Foundation
FX Matt Robart, Lina Pita, Alyssa Harris, Ryan Craig, Daniel Preston, John
Paul Tiernan, Mae Noble, Erin Richmond, Javier Carrion, Eduardo
Sandoval, Taladrator, Robert Lamb, Mark Gardner, and many others
provided invaluable assistance in the field and the laboratory. Jane
Lubchenco provided vital support and advice during this research. The
Charles Darwin Research Station and the Galapagos National Park provided
invaluable logistical support. Thanks to Captain Lenin Cruz and the crew
of the Pirata for wonderful trips and friendship as we journeyed around
the archipelago among our study sites. Comments by Elizabeth Borer,
Sally Hacker, Paulina Guarderas, Franz Smith, Elva Gavilanes, and three
anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. This research was
possible through support provided by Rufford Small Grants Awards, the
American Academy of Underwater Sciences, the Conservation Fund from the
Columbus Zoo and Aquarium, the Lindbergh Foundation, the Cleveland Zoo
Zoology Research Fund (to L. R. Vinueza), the Andrew W. Mellon
Foundation (to B. A. Menge and J. Lubchenco), and the Wayne and Gladys
Valley Foundation (to B. A. Menge).
NR 93
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 6
U2 89
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9615
EI 1557-7015
J9 ECOL MONOGR
JI Ecol. Monogr.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 84
IS 3
BP 411
EP 434
DI 10.1890/13-0169.1
PG 24
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM7XL
UT WOS:000340081900003
ER
PT J
AU Ivic, IR
Keranen, R
Zrnic, DS
AF Ivic, Igor R.
Keranen, Reino
Zrnic, Dusan S.
TI Assessment of Censoring Using Coherency-Based Detectors on
Dual-Polarized Weather Radar
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB In Doppler weather radars, signals may exhibit coherency in sample time, whereas noise does not. Additionally, in dual-polarized radars, samples of precipitation echo obtained in the two orthogonally polarized channels are substantially more correlated than samples of noise. Therefore, estimates of auto-and cross correlations can be used individually, collectively, and/or with power measurements to enhance detection of precipitation signals, compared to the approach that uses only power estimates from one channel. A possible advantage of using only estimates of coherency for signal detection is that the detector's performance is less sensitive to errors in noise power measurements. Hence, censoring is more likely to produce desired false alarm rates even if nonnegligible uncertainties are present in the noise power estimates. In this work these aspects are considered using real data from weather radars. Three novel censoring approaches are evaluated and compared to the censoring approach that uses only estimates of signal and noise powers. The first approach uses only cross-correlation measurements, and the second approach combines these with the lag-1 autocorrelation estimates. The third approach utilizes all estimates as in the previous two approaches in combination with power measurements from the horizontal and the vertical channels. Herein, it is shown that, when more accurate measurements of noise powers are available, the third approach produces the highest detection rates followed by the second and the first approaches. Also, it is corroborated that the first and the second approaches exhibit less sensitivity to inaccurate system noise power measurements than the third one.
C1 [Ivic, Igor R.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Ivic, Igor R.; Zrnic, Dusan S.] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Keranen, Reino] Vaisala Oyj, Helsinki, Finland.
RP Ivic, IR (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM igor.ivic@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University
of Oklahoma [NA11OAR4320072]; U.S. Department of Commerce
FX Funding for part of this research was provided by NOAA's Office of
Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma
Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S. Department of Commerce. The
statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or the U.S.
Department of Commerce.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 31
IS 8
BP 1694
EP 1703
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00074.1
PG 10
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM9PC
UT WOS:000340212500002
ER
PT J
AU Tromel, S
Ziegert, M
Ryzhkov, AV
Chwala, C
Simmer, C
AF Troemel, Silke
Ziegert, Michael
Ryzhkov, Alexander V.
Chwala, Christian
Simmer, Clemens
TI Using Microwave Backhaul Links to Optimize the Performance of Algorithms
for Rainfall Estimation and Attenuation Correction
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLARIMETRIC RADAR MEASUREMENTS; WET-ANTENNA ATTENUATION; X-BAND;
PRECIPITATION; RESOLUTION; SPECTRA; GAUGES; CLM
AB The variability in raindrop size distributions and attenuation effects are the two major sources of uncertainty in radar-based quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) even when dual-polarization radars are used. New methods are introduced to exploit the measurements by commercial microwave radio links to reduce the uncertainties in both attenuation correction and rainfall estimation. The ratio a of specific attenuation A and specific differential phase K-DP is the key parameter used in attenuation correction schemes and the recently introduced R(A) algorithm. It is demonstrated that the factor a can be optimized using microwave links at Ku band oriented along radar radials with an accuracy of about 20%-30%. The microwave links with arbitrary orientation can be utilized to optimize the intercepts in the R(K-DP) and R(A) relations with an accuracy of about 25%. The performance of the suggested methods is tested using the polarimetric C-band radar operated by the German Weather Service on Mount Hohenpeissenberg in southern Germany and two radially oriented Ku-band microwave links from Ericsson GmbH.
C1 [Troemel, Silke] Univ Bonn, Atmospher Dynam & Predictabil Branch, Hans Ertel Ctr Weather Res, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Ziegert, Michael; Simmer, Clemens] Univ Bonn, Inst Meteorol, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Ryzhkov, Alexander V.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Ryzhkov, Alexander V.] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Chwala, Christian] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany.
RP Tromel, S (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Hugel 20, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
EM silke.troemel@uni-bonn.de
RI Simmer, Clemens/M-4949-2013
OI Simmer, Clemens/0000-0003-3001-8642
FU BMVBS (Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development);
NOAA-University of Oklahoma under the U.S. Department of Commerce
[NA11OAR4320072]; National Science Foundation [AGS-1143948];
(Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 32) - DFG (German Research
Foundation) [SFB TR32]; NOAA's NSSL; Helmholtz Association of German
Research Centers [VH-VI-314]
FX The research of S. Tromel was carried out in the framework of the
Hans-Ertel-Centre for Weather Research
(http://www.herz-tb1.uni-bonn.de/). This research network of
universities, research institutes, and Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) is
funded by the BMVBS (Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban
Development). We gratefully acknowledge the support of the German
Weather Service, which provided the radar data for Hohenpeissenberg.
Alexander Ryzhkov was supported via funding from NOAA-University of
Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072 under the U.S. Department
of Commerce and from the National Science Foundation (Grant
AGS-1143948). We also acknowledge partial support by the SFB TR32
(Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 32), funded by the DFG
(German Research Foundation) for Michael Ziegert and cooperation with
NOAA's NSSL. The microwave link data were collected within the project
"Regional Precipitation Observation by Cellular Network Microwave
Attenuation and Application to Water Resources Management" (PROCEMA),
funded by the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers under
Grant VH-VI-314.
NR 29
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 31
IS 8
BP 1748
EP 1760
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-14-00016.1
PG 13
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM9PC
UT WOS:000340212500006
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, LJ
Zhu, J
Cowley, R
Boyer, T
Wijffels, S
AF Cheng, Lijing
Zhu, Jiang
Cowley, Rebecca
Boyer, Tim
Wijffels, Susan
TI Time, Probe Type, and Temperature Variable Bias Corrections to
Historical Expendable Bathythermograph Observations
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; FALL-RATE; XBT DATA; T-7 XBT; UPPER-OCEAN; DEPTH;
PROFILES; ERROR; SIPPICAN; QUALITY
AB Systematic biases in historical expendable bathythermograph (XBT) data are examined using two datasets: 4151 XBT CTD side-by-side pairs from 1967 to 2011 and 218 653 global-scale XBT CTD pairs (within one month and 1) extracted from the World Ocean Database 2009 (WOD09) from 1966 to 2010. Using the side-by-side dataset, it was found that both the pure thermal bias and the XBT fall rate (from which the depth of observation is calculated) increase with water temperature. Correlations between the terminal velocity A and deceleration B terms of the fall-rate equation (FRE) and between A and the offset from the surface terms are obtained, with A as the dominant term in XBT fall-rate behavior. To quantify the time variation of the XBT fall-rate and pure temperature biases, global-scale XBT CTD pairs are used. Based on the results from the two datasets, a new correction scheme for historical XBT data is proposed for nine independent probe-type groups. The scheme includes corrections for both temperature and depth records, which are all variable with calendar year, water temperature, and probe type. The results confirm those found in previous studies: a slowing in fall rate during the 1970s and 2000s and the large pure thermal biases during 1970-85. The performance of nine different correction schemes is compared. After the proposed corrections are applied to the XBT data in the WODO9 dataset, global ocean heat content from 1967 to 2010 is reestimated.
C1 [Cheng, Lijing; Zhu, Jiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Int Ctr Climate & Environm Sci, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Cheng, Lijing] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Cowley, Rebecca; Wijffels, Susan] CSIRO, Wealth Oceans Flagship, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Cowley, Rebecca; Wijffels, Susan] Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Boyer, Tim] NOAA, Natl Oceanog Data Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Zhu, J (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, POB 9804, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
EM chenglij@mail.iap.ac.cn; jzhu@mail.iap.ac.cn; rebecca.cowley@csiro.au;
tim.boyer@noaa.gov; susan.wijffels@csiro.au
RI Cowley, Rebecca/E-4258-2013
OI Cowley, Rebecca/0000-0001-8541-3573
FU project "Structures, Variability and Climatic Impacts of Ocean
Circulation and Warm Pool in the Tropical Pacific Ocean" of the National
Basic Research Program of China [2012CB417404]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [41075064]; Key Technologies R&D Program of China
[2011BAC03B02]
FX This work is supported by the project "Structures, Variability and
Climatic Impacts of Ocean Circulation and Warm Pool in the Tropical
Pacific Ocean" of the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant
2012CB417404), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant
41075064), and Key Technologies R&D Program of China (Grant
2011BAC03B02).
NR 40
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 31
IS 8
BP 1793
EP 1825
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00197.1
PG 33
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM9PC
UT WOS:000340212500009
ER
PT J
AU Wallace, BP
Schumacher, J
Seminoff, JA
James, MC
AF Wallace, Bryan P.
Schumacher, Joel
Seminoff, Jeffrey A.
James, Michael C.
TI Biological and environmental influences on the trophic ecology of
leatherback turtles in the northwest Atlantic Ocean
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSES; SEA-TURTLES; DERMOCHELYS-CORIACEA;
NITROGEN-FIXATION; LIPID EXTRACTION; N-15 INCORPORATION; CANADIAN
WATERS; GLOBAL PATTERNS; MARINE TURTLES; FISH-TISSUES
AB Understanding the causes and consequences of variability in trophic status is important for interpreting population dynamics and for identifying important habitats for protected species like marine turtles. In the northwest Atlantic Ocean, many leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) from distinct breeding stocks throughout the Wider Caribbean region migrate to Canadian waters seasonally to feed, but their trophic status during the migratory and breeding cycle and its implications have not yet been described. In this study, we used stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses of bulk skin to characterize the trophic status of leatherbacks in Atlantic Canadian waters by identifying trophic patterns among turtles and the factors influencing those patterns. delta N-15 values of adult males and females were significantly higher than those of turtles of unknown gender (i.e., presumed to be subadults), and delta N-15 increased significantly with body size. We found no significant differences among average stable isotope values of turtles according to breeding stock origin. Significant inter-annual variation in delta N-15 among cohorts probably reflects broad-scale oceanographic variability that drives fluctuations in stable isotope values of nutrient sources transferred through several trophic positions to leatherbacks, variation in baseline isotope values among different overwintering habitats used by leatherbacks, or a combination of both. Our results demonstrate that understanding effects of demographic and physiological factors, as well as oceanographic conditions, on trophic status is key to explaining observed patterns in population dynamics and for identifying important habitats for widely distributed, long-lived species like leatherbacks.
C1 [Wallace, Bryan P.] Stratus Consulting, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Wallace, Bryan P.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Schumacher, Joel; Seminoff, Jeffrey A.] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, La Jolla, CA USA.
[James, Michael C.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Populat Ecol Div, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
RP Wallace, BP (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM bwallace@stratusconsulting.com
FU Canadian Wildlife Federation; Environment Canada; Fisheries and Oceans
Canada; Habitat Stewardship Program for Species at Risk; National Fish
and Wildlife Foundation (USA); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada
FX The work was supported by Canadian Wildlife Federation, Environment
Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Habitat Stewardship Program for
Species at Risk, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (USA), and the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Fieldwork
in Canada was conducted in association with the Canadian Sea Turtle
Network, and in accordance with guidelines of the Canadian Council on
Animal Care, with review and approval by the Dalhousie University Animal
Care Committee (permit numbers 00-008, 02-053, 04-055, 06-069, 07-077,
08-077, 09-069 and 11-073) and Fisheries and Oceans Canada (license and
permit numbers 2001-425, 2002-550, 2003-534, 2004-519, MAR-SA-2004-004,
2005-557, MAR-SA-2006-006, 2006-526, MARSA-2006-006, 2007-024,
MAR-SA-2007-006, 2008-454, MAR-SA-2008-006, 323395, 323398, 326240 and
332697). Samples were imported into the USA over a span of 10 years
under CITES permit 844694/9 and were archived in the NOAA Southwest
Fisheries Science Center Marine Mammal and Turtle Molecular Research
Sample Collection. We thank employees and volunteers of the Canadian Sea
Turtle Network and members of its field research team, including D.
Archibald, L. Bennett, B. Fricker, H. Fricker, K. Fricker, K. Hamelin,
P. MacDonald, K. Martin, B. Mitchell, and M. Nicholson for collection
and organization of samples and other data used in this study. We are
grateful to Erin LaCasella (NOAA SWFSC) and D. Archibald (CSTN) for
assistance with sample preparation and shipping. We thank P. Dutton, S.
Roden, and K. Stewart (NOAA SWFSC) for providing critical insights on
stock assignments of Canadian turtles based on distinct northwest
Atlantic leatherback breeding stocks. We also thank J. Curtis at the
University of Florida for conducting the mass spectrometry analyses, V.
Saba and K. McMahon for helpful discussions, and K. Dodge and an
anonymous reviewer for helpful comments that improved the manuscript.
NR 68
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 62
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
EI 1432-1793
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 161
IS 8
BP 1711
EP 1724
DI 10.1007/s00227-014-2467-x
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AM5LQ
UT WOS:000339900700002
ER
PT J
AU Hamill, TM
AF Hamill, Thomas M.
TI Performance of Operational Model Precipitation Forecast Guidance during
the 2013 Colorado Front-Range Floods
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID WARM-SEASON; RAINFALL; SYSTEMS
AB During the period 9-16 September 2013, more than 17 in. (similar to 432 mm) of rainfall fell over parts of Boulder County, Colorado, with more than 8 in. (similar to 203 mm) over a wide swath of Colorado's northern Front Range. This caused significant flash and river flooding, loss of life, and extensive property damage. The event set a record for daily rainfall (9.08 in., or >230 mm) in Boulder that was nearly double the previous daily rainfall record of 4.8 in. (122 mm) set on 31 July 1919. The operational performance of precipitation forecast guidance from global ensemble prediction systems and the National Weather Service's global and regional forecast systems during this event is documented briefly in the article and more extensively in online supplemental appendixes. While the precipitation forecast guidance uniformly depicted a much wetter-than-average period over northeastern Colorado, none of the global nor most of the regional modeling systems predicted precipitation amounts as heavy as analyzed. Notable exceptions to this were the Short-Range Ensemble Forecast (SREF) members that used the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting Model (ARW-WRF) dynamical core. These members consistently produced record rainfall in the Front Range. However, the SREF's record rainfall was also predicted to occur the day before the heaviest actual precipitation as well as the day of the heaviest precipitation.
C1 NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hamill, TM (reprint author), NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, R PSD1,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM tom.hamill@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/Office of Weather and Air Quality (OWAQ) USWRP; World
Meteorological Organization's THORPEX program
FX Goeff DiMego, Geoff Manikin, Jun Du, Yuejian Zhu, and Glenn White of
NCEP/EMC are thanked for providing information on accessing model data.
Gary Bates of ESRL/PSD is thanked for help with the data processing.
Seth Gutman is thanked for help obtaining the GPS total precipitable
water time series shown in appendix A in the online supplemental
material. This publication was partially supported by a NOAA/Office of
Weather and Air Quality (OWAQ) USWRP grant. This project also used data
from ECMWF's TIGGE archive. TIGGE is supported by the World
Meteorological Organization's THORPEX program. Russ Schumacher (Colorado
State), Wallace Hogsett (NCEP/WPC), and Jeff Whitaker (ESRL/PSD) are
thanked for their consultations.
NR 8
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 142
IS 8
BP 2609
EP 2618
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-14-00007.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM6YZ
UT WOS:000340013200004
ER
PT J
AU Nolan, DS
Zhang, JA
Uhlhorn, EW
AF Nolan, David S.
Zhang, Jun A.
Uhlhorn, Eric W.
TI On the Limits of Estimating the Maximum Wind Speeds in Hurricanes
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL-CYCLONE INTENSITY; SIZE ESTIMATION ALGORITHMS; GPS
DROPWINDSONDE; DOPPLER RADAR; LANDFALLS; LAYER
AB This study uses an observing system simulation experiment (OSSE) approach to test the limitations of even nearly ideal observing systems to capture the peak wind speed occurring within a tropical storm or hurricane. The dataset is provided by a 1-km resolution simulation of an Atlantic hurricane with surface wind speeds saved every 10 s. An optimal observing system consisting of a dense field of anemometers provides perfect measurements of the peak 1-min wind speed as well as the average peak wind speed. Suboptimal observing systems consisting of a small number of anemometers are sampled and compared to the truth provided by the optimal observing system. Results show that a single, perfect anemometer experiencing a direct hit by the right side of the eyewall will underestimate the actual peak intensity by 10%-20%. Even an unusually large number of anemometers (e.g., 3-5) experiencing direct hits by the storm together will underestimate the peak wind speeds by 5%-10%. However, the peak winds of just one or two anemometers will provide on average a good estimate of the average peak intensity over several hours. Enhancing the variability of the simulated winds to better match observed winds does not change the results. Adding observational errors generally increases the reported peak winds, thus reducing the underestimates. If the average underestimate (negative bias) were known perfectly for each case, it could be used to correct the wind speeds, leaving only mean absolute errors of 3%-5%.
C1 [Nolan, David S.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Zhang, Jun A.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL USA.
[Zhang, Jun A.; Uhlhorn, Eric W.] NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, AOML, Miami, FL USA.
RP Nolan, DS (reprint author), RSMAS, MPO, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM dnolan@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Zhang, Jun/F-9580-2012
FU NOAA/Office of Weather and Air Quality (OWAQ) through OSSE Testbed at
the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory; NOAA/Unmanned
Aerial Systems (UAS) Program; Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program
(HFIP); HFIP
FX D. Nolan was supported in part by the NOAA/Office of Weather and Air
Quality (OWAQ) through its funding of the OSSE Testbed at the Atlantic
Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, by the NOAA/Unmanned Aerial
Systems (UAS) Program, and by the Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program
(HFIP). J. Zhang was also supported by HFIP. The authors thank the
Florida Coastal Monitoring Program (FCMP) for collecting the tower data.
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 142
IS 8
BP 2814
EP 2837
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00337.1
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM6YZ
UT WOS:000340013200014
ER
PT J
AU Skinner, PS
Weiss, CC
French, MM
Bluestein, HB
Markowski, PM
Richardson, YP
AF Skinner, Patrick S.
Weiss, Christopher C.
French, Michael M.
Bluestein, Howard B.
Markowski, Paul M.
Richardson, Yvette P.
TI VORTEX2 Observations of a Low-Level Mesocyclone with Multiple Internal
Rear-Flank Downdraft Momentum Surges in the 18 May 2010 Dumas, Texas,
Supercell
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID 5 JUNE 2009; DESCENDING REFLECTIVITY CORES; FINESCALE RADAR
OBSERVATIONS; DUAL-DOPPLER ANALYSIS; PART I; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION;
GOSHEN COUNTY; TORNADOES EXPERIMENT; OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS; PRETORNADIC
PHASE
AB Observations collected in the second Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment during a 15-min period of a supercell occurring on 18 May 2010 near Dumas, Texas, are presented. The primary data collection platforms include two Ka-band mobile Doppler radars, which collected a near-surface, short-baseline dual-Doppler dataset within the rear-flank outflow of the Dumas supercell; an X-band, phased-array mobile Doppler radar, which collected volumetric single-Doppler data with high temporal resolution; and in situ thermodynamic and wind observations of a six-probe mobile mesonet.
Rapid evolution of the Dumas supercell was observed, including the development and decay of a low-level mesocyclone and four internal rear-flank downdraft (RFD) momentum surges. Intensification and upward growth of the low-level mesocyclone were observed during periods when the midlevel mesocyclone was minimally displaced from the low-level circulation, suggesting an upward-directed perturbation pressure gradient force aided in the intensification of low-level rotation. The final three internal RFD momentum surges evolved in a manner consistent with the expected behavior of a dynamically forced occlusion downdraft, developing at the periphery of the low-level mesocyclone during periods when values of low-level cyclonic azimuthal wind shear exceeded values higher aloft. Failure of the low-level mesocyclone to acquire significant vertical depth suggests that dynamic forcing above internal RFD momentum surge gust fronts was insufficient to lift the negatively buoyant air parcels comprising the RFD surges to significant heights. As a result, vertical acceleration and the stretching of vertical vorticity in surge parcels were limited, which likely contributed to tomadogenesis failure.
C1 [Skinner, Patrick S.; Weiss, Christopher C.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[French, Michael M.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Bluestein, Howard B.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Markowski, Paul M.; Richardson, Yvette P.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Skinner, PS (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Atmospher Sci Grp, Dept Geosci, Box 41053, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM patrick.skinner@ttu.edu
RI Skinner, Patrick/P-5717-2014; Richardson, Yvette/G-5016-2013;
OI Richardson, Yvette/0000-0002-4495-5074; Markowski,
Paul/0000-0002-4295-3390
FU National Science Foundation; NSF [AGS-0800542, AGS-0964088, AGS-0821231,
ATM-0934307]
FX We are grateful for the dedication of all VORTEX2 participants and in
particular Dr. Ivan PopStefanija, Dr. Robert Bluth, Dr. John Schroeder,
Jerry Guynes, Scott Gunter, Anthony Reinhart, and Amanda Thibault for
their assistance with MWR-05XP and TTUKa data collection. Drs. Matthew
Parker, George Bryan, Josh Wurman, Karen Kosiba, Michael Biggerstaff,
Louis Wicker, Roger Wakimoto, and Nolan Atkins are thanked for providing
mobile sounding, DOW, SMART-R, and photogrammetry data of the Dumas
supercell, which were generously hosted by NCAR/EOL under sponsorship of
the National Science Foundation. The authors benefited from the SOLO and
DORADE Radar Editing algorithms, Detection, Extraction, and Retrieval
(DREADER) software as well as additional software provided by Drs.
Curtis Alexander, Louis Wicker, Brian Hirth, and Sylvie Lorsolo. We
thank Dr. Bruce Lee and two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful
reviews, and Dr. Jim Marquis, Anthony Reinhart, and Daniel Betten for
the many helpful conversations during the preparation of this
manuscript. This research was supported by NSF Grants AGS-0800542 and
AGS-0964088 to Texas Tech University and Grants AGS-0821231 and
ATM-0934307 to the University of Oklahoma.
NR 71
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 142
IS 8
BP 2935
EP 2960
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00240.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM6YZ
UT WOS:000340013200020
ER
PT J
AU Glahn, B
AF Glahn, Bob
TI A Nonsymmetric Logit Model and Grouped Predictand Category Development
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; PROBABILITY; SYSTEM
AB Logistic regression is an alternative to regression estimation of event probabilities (REEP) and other techniques for estimating weather event probabilities based on NWP output or other predictors. Logistic regression has the advantage over REEP in that the probability estimates are constrained between zero and unity, whereas REEP can "overshoot" these values. It may be a detriment in some applications that the curves developed, one for each of several predictand categories (events), are symmetric. This paper shows how the logit curve can easily be made nonsymmetric as a function of a predictor, and thereby possibly achieve a better fit to the data. As with REEP, the probabilities estimated by logistic regression for each of several categories of a variable may not be consistent. For instance, the probability of snow >2 in. may exceed the probability of snow >1 in. Such inconsistencies can be avoided by developing a single equation involving all predictand categories and including another predictor that is a function of the predictand. This effectively, for a single predictor, produces parallel curves separated along the predictor axis but imposes restrictions on the equations and probabilities produced from them. The relationship between the predictor(s) and the predictand must be considered in determining the functional form. With only one predictor, defining the function is relatively straightforward. However, with multiple predictors, the process is more problematic. This paper demonstrates an alternative to imposing a functional form by using binary predictors. This formulation also achieves the goal of producing consistent forecasts and generalizes more readily to multiple predictors.
C1 [Glahn, Bob] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Sci & Technol, Meteorol Dev Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Glahn, B (reprint author), NOAA, Meteorol Dev Lab, NWS, 1325 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM harry.glahn@noaa.gov
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 142
IS 8
BP 2991
EP 3002
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00300.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM6YZ
UT WOS:000340013200023
ER
PT J
AU Camp, CH
Lee, YJ
Heddleston, JM
Hartshorn, CM
Walker, ARH
Rich, JN
Lathia, JD
Cicerone, MT
AF Camp, Charles H., Jr.
Lee, Young Jong
Heddleston, John M.
Hartshorn, Christopher M.
Walker, Angela R. Hight
Rich, Jeremy N.
Lathia, Justin D.
Cicerone, Marcus T.
TI High-speed coherent Raman fingerprint imaging of biological tissues
SO NATURE PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLEX CARS MICROSCOPY; SCATTERING MICROSCOPY; 2ND-HARMONIC
GENERATION; IN-VIVO; BRAIN-TISSUE; SPECTROSCOPY; COLLAGEN; CANCER;
TUMORS; LASER
AB An imaging platform based on broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering has been developed that provides an advantageous combination of speed, sensitivity and spectral breadth. The system utilizes a configuration of laser sources that probes the entire biologically relevant Raman window (500-3,500 cm(-1)) with high resolution (<10 cm(-1)). It strongly and efficiently stimulates Raman transitions within the typically weak 'fingerprint' region using intrapulse three-colour excitation, and utilizes the non-resonant background to heterodyne-amplify weak Raman signals. We demonstrate highspeed chemical imaging in two- and three-dimensional views of healthy murine liver and pancreas tissues as well as interfaces between xenograft brain tumours and the surrounding healthy brain matter.
C1 [Camp, Charles H., Jr.; Lee, Young Jong; Hartshorn, Christopher M.; Cicerone, Marcus T.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Heddleston, John M.; Walker, Angela R. Hight] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rich, Jeremy N.] Cleveland Clin, Dept Stem Cell Biol & Regenerat Med, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
[Lathia, Justin D.] Cleveland Clin, Dept Cellular & Mol Med, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
RP Cicerone, MT (reprint author), NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cicerone@nist.gov
RI Lee, Young Jong/B-7129-2008; Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009;
OI Lee, Young Jong/0000-0001-7754-3001; Hight Walker,
Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672; Camp Jr, Charles/0000-0002-5805-1842
FU National Research Council; NIH/NIBIB [2P41E13001046-11]
FX The authors thank Q. Wu, J. Hale and M. Sinyuk for preparing the
pathological tissue specimens and S. Miller for preparation of neat
chemical specimens. C.H.C., J.M.H. and C.M.H. also thank the National
Research Council for support through the Research Associate Program
(RAP). This work was supported in part by NIH/NIBIB grant
2P41E13001046-11.
NR 46
TC 68
Z9 69
U1 6
U2 91
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1749-4885
EI 1749-4893
J9 NAT PHOTONICS
JI Nat. Photonics
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 8
BP 627
EP 634
DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2014.145
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA AM8PT
UT WOS:000340140200013
PM 25621002
ER
PT J
AU Komar, P
Kessler, EM
Bishof, M
Jiang, L
Sorensen, AS
Ye, J
Lukin, D
AF Komar, P.
Kessler, E. M.
Bishof, M.
Jiang, L.
Sorensen, A. S.
Ye, J.
Lukin, D.
TI A quantum network of clocks
SO NATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAPPED ATOMIC IONS; ENTANGLEMENT DISTRIBUTION; FREQUENCY STANDARDS;
TELEPORTATION; QUBITS; STABILITY; PHOTON; STATES; MATTER; NODES
AB The development of precise atomic clocks plays an increasingly important role in modern society. Shared timing information constitutes a key resource for navigation with a direct correspondence between timing accuracy and precision in applications such as the Global Positioning System. By combining precision metrology and quantum networks, we propose a quantum, cooperative protocol for operating a network of geographically remote optical atomic clocks. Using nonlocal entangled states, we demonstrate an optimal utilization of global resources, and show that such a network can be operated near the fundamental precision limit set by quantum theory. Furthermore, the internal structure of the network, combined with quantum communication techniques, guarantees security both from internal and external threats. Realization of such a global quantum network of clocks may allow construction of a real-time single international time scale (world clock) with unprecedented stability and accuracy.
C1 [Komar, P.; Kessler, E. M.; Lukin, D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kessler, E. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Bishof, M.; Ye, J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jiang, L.] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Sorensen, A. S.] Danish Natl Res Fdn Ctr Quantum Opt, Niels Bohr Inst, QUANTOP, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
RP Lukin, D (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM lukin@physics.harvard.edu
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011; Sorensen, Anders/L-1868-2013; Kessler, Eric
Matthias/E-6981-2012; Jiang, Liang/A-9847-2008
OI Sorensen, Anders/0000-0003-1337-9163; Kessler, Eric
Matthias/0000-0001-9959-538X; Jiang, Liang/0000-0002-0000-9342
FU NSF; CUA; ITAMP; HQOC; JILA PFC; NIST; DARPA QuASAR; Quiness programs;
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Packard Foundation; ARO MURI; ERC [306576];
NDSEG; NSF GRFP
FX We are grateful to T. Rosenband, V. Vuletic J. Borregaard and T.
Nicholson for enlightening discussions. This work was supported by NSF,
CUA, ITAMP, HQOC, JILA PFC, NIST, DARPA QuASAR and Quiness programs, the
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Packard Foundation, ARO MURI, and the
ERC grant QIOS (grant no. 306576); M.B. acknowledges support from NDSEG
and NSF GRFP. It is dedicated to R. Blatt and P. Zoller on the occasion
of their 60th birthday, when initial ideas for this work were formed.
NR 43
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 3
U2 40
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1745-2473
EI 1745-2481
J9 NAT PHYS
JI Nat. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 8
BP 582
EP 587
DI 10.1038/NPHYS3000
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AM8PU
UT WOS:000340140300015
ER
PT J
AU Jansen, MF
Held, IM
AF Jansen, Malte F.
Held, Isaac M.
TI Parameterizing subgrid-scale eddy effects using energetically consistent
backscatter
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Eddy parameterization; Eddy permitting; Mesoscale; Energy; Enstrophy;
Backscatter
ID OCEAN CIRCULATION MODELS; GEOSTROPHIC TURBULENCE; STOCHASTIC
BACKSCATTER; KINETIC-ENERGY; SIMULATIONS; RESOLUTION; VISCOSITY;
DYNAMICS; EDDIES; PARTITION
AB In the near future we expect the resolution of many IPCC-class ocean models to enter the "eddy-permitting" regime. At this resolution models can produce reasonable eddy-like disturbances, but can still not properly resolve geostrophic eddies at all relevant scales. Adequate parameterizations representing subgrid eddy effects are thus necessary. Most eddy-permitting models presently employ some kind of hyperviscosity, which is shown to cause a significant amount of energy dissipation. However, comparison to higher resolution simulations shows that only enstrophy, but almost no energy, should be dissipated below the grid-scale. As a result of the artificial energy sink associated with viscous parameterizations, the eddy fields in eddy permitting models are generally not energetic enough.
To overcome this problem, we propose a class of sub-grid parameterizations which dissipate enstrophy but little or no energy. The idea is to combine a standard hyperviscous closure with some mechanism to return dissipated energy to the resolved flow. Enstrophy dissipation remains ensured because the energy is returned at larger scales. Two simple ways to return the energy are proposed: one using a stochastic excitation and one using a negative Laplacian viscosity. Both approaches are tested in an idealized two-layer quasi-geostrophic model. Either approach is shown to greatly improve the solutions in simulations with typical eddy-permitting resolutions. The adaptation of the proposed parameterization for use in realistic ocean models is discussed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jansen, Malte F.] Princeton Univ, NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Jansen, MF (reprint author), Princeton Univ, NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM mjansen@princeton.edu
FU NOAA
FX We would like to thank Steve Griffies, Alistair Adcroft, Bob Hallberg
and Kirk Bryan for helpful comments and discussion. We would also like
to thank Fabien Roquet and an anonymous reviewer whose comments have
helped to improve the manuscript. M.F.J. received funding from a NOAA
Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship, administered by the
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research.
NR 52
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 5
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 80
BP 36
EP 48
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2014.06.002
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA AN0YQ
UT WOS:000340310300004
ER
PT J
AU Martin, RG
Nixon, C
Armitage, PJ
Lubow, SH
Price, DJ
AF Martin, Rebecca G.
Nixon, Chris
Armitage, Philip J.
Lubow, Stephen H.
Price, Daniel J.
TI GIANT OUTBURSTS IN Be/X-RAY BINARIES
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion; accretion disks; binaries: general; stars: emission; line; Be
ID DRIVEN ECCENTRIC INSTABILITIES; 4U 0115+63/V635 CASSIOPEIAE; ACCRETION
DISKS; ROTATIONAL VELOCITIES; NEUTRON-STAR; SHELL STARS; DYNAMICS;
DISCS; SIMULATIONS; STELLAR
AB Be/X-ray binary systems exhibit both periodic (Type I) X-ray outbursts and giant (Type II) outbursts, whose origins have remained elusive. We suggest that Type II X-ray outbursts occur when a highly misaligned decretion disk around the Be star becomes eccentric, allowing the compact object companion to capture a large amount of material at periastron. Using three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations, we model the long-term evolution of a representative Be/X-ray binary system. We find that periodic (Type I) X-ray outbursts occur when the neutron star is close to periastron for all disk inclinations. Type II outbursts occur for large misalignment angles and are associated with eccentricity growth which occurs on a timescale of about 10 orbital periods. Mass capture from the eccentric decretion disk results in an accretion disk around the neutron star whose estimated viscous time is long enough to explain the extended duration of Type II outbursts. Previous studies suggested that the outbursts are caused by a warped disk but our results suggest that this is not sufficient; the disk must be both highly misaligned and eccentric to initiate a Type II accretion event.
C1 [Martin, Rebecca G.; Nixon, Chris; Armitage, Philip J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Martin, Rebecca G.; Nixon, Chris; Armitage, Philip J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lubow, Stephen H.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Price, Daniel J.] Monash Univ, Sch Math Sci, Monash Ctr Astrophys MoCA, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
RP Martin, RG (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, UCB 440, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Price, Daniel/A-8142-2016;
OI Price, Daniel/0000-0002-4716-4235; Nixon,
Christopher/0000-0002-2137-4146
FU NASA [PF2-130098, NNX11AE12G, NNX14AB42G]; Australian Research Council
[FT130100034]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0821794]; University of
Colorado Boulder; University of Colorado Denver; National Center for
Atmospheric Research
FX R.G.M.'s support was provided under contract with the California
Institute of Technology (Caltech) funded by NASA through the Sagan
Fellowship Program. Support for C.J.N. was provided by NASA through the
Einstein Fellowship Program, grant PF2-130098. P.J.A. acknowledges
support from NASA's ATP program under awards NNX11AE12G and NNX14AB42G.
D.J.P. is supported by Future Fellowship FT130100034 from the Australian
Research Council. We acknowledge the use of SPLASH (Price 2007) for the
rendering of the figures. This work utilized the Janus supercomputer,
which is supported by the National Science Foundation (award No.
CNS-0821794), the University of Colorado Boulder, the University of
Colorado Denver, and the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The
Janus supercomputer is operated by the University of Colorado Boulder.
NR 46
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
EI 2041-8213
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD AUG 1
PY 2014
VL 790
IS 2
AR L34
DI 10.1088/2041-8205/790/2/L34
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AM5KO
UT WOS:000339897100020
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, H
Mechoso, CR
Sun, RY
Han, J
Pan, HL
Park, S
Hannay, C
Bretherton, C
Teixeira, J
AF Xiao, Heng
Mechoso, C. Roberto
Sun, Ruiyu
Han, Jongil
Pan, Hua-Lu
Park, Sungsu
Hannay, Cecile
Bretherton, Chris
Teixeira, Joao
TI Diagnosis of the marine low cloud simulation in the NCAR community earth
system model (CESM) and the NCEP global forecast system (GFS)-modular
ocean model v4 (MOM4) coupled model
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine low clouds; Stratocumulus; Shallow cumulus; Climate modeling;
CESM; GFS; Parameterization; Stratocumulus to cumulus transition
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER CLOUDS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; ATMOSPHERE MODEL;
SOUTHEAST PACIFIC; SEASONAL CYCLE; PART I; CLIMATE SIMULATIONS; CUMULUS
CONVECTION; VERTICAL DIFFUSION; TROPICAL PACIFIC
AB We present a diagnostic analysis of the marine low cloud climatology simulated by two state-of-the-art coupled atmosphere-ocean models: the National Center for Atmospheric Research community earth system model version 1 (CESM1) and the National Center for Environmental Predictions global forecasting system-modular ocean model version 4 (GFS-MOM4) coupled model. In the CESM1, the coastal stratocumulus (Sc)-topped planetary boundary layers (PBLs) in the subtropical Eastern Pacific are well-simulated but the climatological transition from Sc to shallow cumulus (Cu) is too abrupt and occurs too close to the coast. By contrast, in the GFS-MOM4 the coastal Sc amount and PBL depth are severely underestimated while the transition from Sc to shallow Cu is "delayed" and offshore Sc cover is too extensive in the subtropical Eastern Pacific. We discuss the possible connections between these differences in the simulations and differences in the parameterizations of shallow convection and boundary layer turbulence in the two models.
C1 [Xiao, Heng; Mechoso, C. Roberto] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Sun, Ruiyu; Han, Jongil; Pan, Hua-Lu] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Park, Sungsu; Hannay, Cecile] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Bretherton, Chris] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Teixeira, Joao] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Xiao, H (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Atmospher Sci & Global Change Div, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM Heng.Xiao@pnnl.gov
FU NOAA MAPP/CPO; U.S. DOE OBER [KP/501021/58166]; US Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-76RL01830]; National Science Foundation
FX This work is supported by the NOAA MAPP/CPO program as part of the Sc-Cu
Climate Process Team through grants to UCLA, NCAR, NCEP, UW and JPL. HX
was supported by U.S. DOE OBER grant KP/501021/58166 at PNNL. We also
acknowledge helpful suggestions from all four anonymous reviewers.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is operated by Battelle Memorial
Institute for the US Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC05-76RL01830. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is
sponsored by the National Science Foundation.
NR 69
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 3-4
BP 737
EP 752
DI 10.1007/s00382-014-2067-y
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM5LG
UT WOS:000339899500010
ER
PT J
AU Gao, ZT
Hu, ZZ
Jha, B
Yang, S
Zhu, JS
Shen, BZ
Zhang, RJ
AF Gao, Zongting
Hu, Zeng-Zhen
Jha, Bhaskar
Yang, Song
Zhu, Jieshun
Shen, Baizhu
Zhang, Renjian
TI Variability and predictability of Northeast China climate during
1948-2012
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Northeast China; Precipitation and surface air temperature; Climate
variability; Predictability; ENSO and Atlantic SST; Decadal shift
ID ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; REGIONAL CLIMATE;
FORECAST SYSTEM; PRECIPITATION; CIRCULATION; SIMULATIONS; PATTERNS;
SNOWFALL; PACIFIC
AB In this work, authors examine the variabilities of precipitation and surface air temperature (T2m) in Northeast China during 1948-2012, and their global connection, as well as the predictability. It is noted that both the precipitation and T2m variations in Northeast China are dominated by interannual and higher frequency variations. However, on interdecadal time scales, T2m is shifted significantly from below normal to above normal around 1987/1988. Statistically, the seasonal mean precipitation and T2m are largely driven by local internal atmospheric variability rather than remote forcing. For the precipitation variation, circulation anomalies in the low latitudes play a more important role in spring and summer than in autumn and winter. For T2m variations, the associated sea surface pressure (SLP) and 850-hPa wind (uv850) anomalies are similar for all seasons in high latitudes with significantly negative correlations for SLP and westerly wind anomaly for uv850, suggesting that a strong zonal circulation in the high latitudes favors warming in Northeast China. The predictability of precipitation and T2m in Northeast China is assessed by using the Atmospheric Model Inter-comparison Project type experiments which are forced by observed sea surface temperature (SST) and time-evolving greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations. Results suggest that T2m has slightly higher predictability than precipitation in Northeast China. To some extent, the model simulates the interdecadal shift of T2m around 1987/1988, implying a possible connection between SST (and/or GHG forcing) and surface air temperature variation in Northeast China on interdecadal time scales. Nevertheless, the precipitation and T2m variations are mainly determined by the unpredictable components which are caused by the atmospheric internal dynamic processes, suggesting low predictability for the climate variation in Northeast China.
C1 [Gao, Zongting; Shen, Baizhu] Inst Meteorol Sci Jilin Prov, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China.
[Gao, Zongting; Shen, Baizhu] Lab Res Middle High Latitude Circulat & East Asia, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China.
[Hu, Zeng-Zhen; Jha, Bhaskar] NCEP NWS NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Jha, Bhaskar] Innovim LLC, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Yang, Song] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Zhu, Jieshun] George Mason Univ, Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Zhang, Renjian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, RCE TEA, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Hu, ZZ (reprint author), NCEP NWS NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Zeng-Zhen.Hu@NOAA.GOV
RI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/B-4373-2011;
OI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/0000-0002-8485-3400; Zhu, Jieshun/0000-0002-1508-9808
FU R&D Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry (Meteorology)
[GYHY201106015]; National Basic Research Program of China
[2012CB955303]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41275096];
Zhongshan University "985 Project"
FX We thank the constructive comments and suggestions from two reviewers.
We would also like to thank Emily Becker for providing GHCN_CAMS T2m
data, and Mingyue Chen for providing PREC precipitation data. This work
was jointly supported by the R&D Special Fund for Public Welfare
Industry (Meteorology; Grant GYHY201106015), National Basic Research
Program of China (Grant 2012CB955303), the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant 41275096), and Zhongshan University "985
Project" Phase 3.
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 3-4
BP 787
EP 804
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1944-0
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM5LG
UT WOS:000339899500013
ER
PT J
AU Guan, YH
Huang, BH
Zhu, JS
Hu, ZZ
Kinter, JL
AF Guan, Yuanhong
Huang, Bohua
Zhu, Jieshun
Hu, Zeng-Zhen
Kinter, James L., III
TI Interannual variability of the South Pacific Ocean in observations and
simulated by the NCEP Climate Forecast System, version 2
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Southern subtropical Pacific Dipole mode; ENSO; Air-sea interaction;
Southern hemisphere atmospheric circulation; CFSv2
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPICAL TROPOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; ZONAL-MEAN
CIRCULATION; SST DIPOLE EVENTS; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; INDIAN-OCEAN;
ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; COUPLED VARIABILITY; SUBTROPICAL DIPOLE;
ANNULAR MODE
AB The mechanism of the South Pacific Ocean Dipole (SPOD) mode is examined, using a 50-year simulation of the Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2) and 50-year observation-based ocean-atmosphere analyses (1961-2010). It is shown that the SPOD, a sea surface temperatures (SST) seesaw between the subtropics and extratropics, is the dominant mode of the interannual variability in the South Pacific in both observations and CFSv2 simulation. CFSv2 also reproduces the seasonal phase-locking of the observed SPOD, with the anomaly pattern developing in austral spring, peaking in summer, and decaying in autumn. Composite analyses based on both observational and model data suggest that in the warm phase of SPOD, positive SST anomaly (SSTA) is initiated by weakened westerly winds over the central South Pacific in austral spring, which suppress the surface evaporative heat loss and reduce the oceanic mixed layer depth, both contributing to the SST warming. The wind-SST-mixed layer anomalies then evolve coherently over the next two seasons while the cold SSTA develops to the north. The wind perturbations are in turn a response to El Nio-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which forces an atmospheric planetary wave train, the Pacific-South American pattern, emanating from an anomalous heat source in the tropical western Pacific. Moreover, SPOD is significantly correlated with the southern annular mode (SAM) while the latter is also significantly correlated with the ENSO index. This suggests that ENSO's influence on the SPOD may be partially conveyed through SAM.
C1 [Guan, Yuanhong] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Math & Stat, Ctr Data Assimilat Res & Applicat, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Guan, Yuanhong; Huang, Bohua; Zhu, Jieshun; Kinter, James L., III] Inst Global Environm & Soc, Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Fairfax, VA 20705 USA.
[Guan, Yuanhong; Huang, Bohua; Kinter, James L., III] George Mason Univ, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Hu, Zeng-Zhen] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Huang, BH (reprint author), Inst Global Environm & Soc, Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Fairfax, VA 20705 USA.
EM bhuang@gmu.edu
RI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/B-4373-2011; Kinter, James/A-8610-2015;
OI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/0000-0002-8485-3400; Kinter, James/0000-0002-6277-0559;
Zhu, Jieshun/0000-0002-1508-9808
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41105057, 41105049,
41275111]; Chinese meteorological industry-specific fund
[GYHY201206002]; NSF [ATM-0830068]; NOAA [NA09OAR4310058]; NASA
[NNX09AN50G]
FX YG is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
(41105057, 41105049, 41275111), and Chinese meteorological
industry-specific fund (GYHY201206002). BH, JZ and JK are supported by
grants from NSF (ATM-0830068), NOAA (NA09OAR4310058), and NASA
(NNX09AN50G). We acknowledge T. DelSole, L. Jia and L. Marx for
conducting the CFSv2 long-term free run.
NR 59
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 3-4
BP 1141
EP 1157
DI 10.1007/s00382-014-2148-y
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM5LG
UT WOS:000339899500034
ER
PT J
AU Schnepf, NR
Manoj, C
Kuvshinov, A
Toh, H
Maus, S
AF Schnepf, N. R.
Manoj, C.
Kuvshinov, A.
Toh, H.
Maus, S.
TI Tidal signals in ocean-bottom magnetic measurements of the Northwestern
Pacific: observation versus prediction
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Geomagnetic induction; Magnetic anomalies: modelling and interpretation;
Marine electromagnetics
ID DAILY GEOMAGNETIC-VARIATIONS; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROMAGNETIC
INDUCTION; GLOBAL INDUCTION; FIELDS; MANTLE; EARTH; SEA; TIDES; FLOW
AB Motional induction in the ocean by tides has long been observed by both land and satellite measurements of magnetic fields. While these signals are weak (similar to 10 nT) when compared to the main magnetic field, their persistent nature makes them important for consideration during geomagnetic field modelling. Previous studies have reported several discrepancies between observations and numerical predictions of the tidal magnetic signals and those studies were inconclusive of the source of the error. We address this issue by (1) analysing magnetometer data from ocean-bottom stations, where the low-noise and high-signal environment is most suitable for detecting the weak tidal magnetic signals, (2) by numerically predicting the magnetic field with a spatial resolution that is 16 times higher than the previous studies and (3) by using four different models of upper-mantle conductivity. We use vector magnetic data from six ocean-bottom electromagnetic (OBEM) stations located in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. The OBEM tidal amplitudes were derived using an iteratively re-weighted least-squares (IRLS) method and by limiting the analysis of lunar semidiurnal (M2), lunar elliptic semidinurnal (N2) and diurnal (O1) tidal modes to the night-time. Using a 3-D electromagnetic induction solver and the TPX07.2 tidal model, we predict the tidal magnetic signal. We use earth models with non-uniform oceans and four 1-D mantle sections underneath taken from Kuvshinov and Olsen, Shimizu et al. and Baba et al. to compare the effect of upper-mantle conductivity. We find that in general, the predictions and observations match within 10-70 per cent across all the stations for each of the tidal modes. The median normalized percent difference (NPD) between observed and predicted amplitudes for the tidal modes M2, N2 and O1 were 15 per cent, 47 per cent and 98 per cent, respectively, for all the stations and models. At the majority of stations, and for each of the tidal modes, the higher resolution (0.25A degrees A xA 0.25A degrees) modelling gave amplitudes consistently closer to the observations than the lower resolution (1A degrees A xA 1A degrees) modelling. The difference in lithospheric resistance east and west of the Izu-Bonin trench system seems to be affecting the model response and observations in the O1 tidal mode. This response is not seen in the M2 and N2 modes, thereby indicating that the O1 mode is more sensitive to lithospheric resistance.
C1 [Schnepf, N. R.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Manoj, C.; Maus, S.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Manoj, C.; Maus, S.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Kuvshinov, A.] ETH, Inst Geophys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Toh, H.] Kyoto Univ, Data Anal Ctr Geomagnetism & Space Magnetism, Kyoto, Japan.
RP Schnepf, NR (reprint author), MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM nschnepf@mit.edu
RI Schnepf, Neesha/K-5922-2016
OI Schnepf, Neesha/0000-0003-1489-7958
FU National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration's Hollings Scholarship
Program
FX We thank Hisashi Utada (Earthquake Research Institute, University of
Tokyo) and Noriko Tada (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and
Technology) for providing the data for this study. NRS is grateful to
the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration's Hollings Scholarship
Program for making this research possible. We would also like to thank
one anonymous reviewer and Alan Chave for useful comments and critiques,
as well as Andrew Roberts for the ncquiverref.m script.
NR 40
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 18
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 198
IS 2
BP 1096
EP 1110
DI 10.1093/gji/ggu190
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AM2YN
UT WOS:000339717700030
ER
PT J
AU Wang, H
Long, L
Kumar, A
Wang, WQ
Schemm, JKE
Zhao, M
Vecchi, GA
Larow, TE
Lim, YK
Schubert, SD
Shaevitz, DA
Camargo, SJ
Henderson, N
Kim, D
Jonas, JA
Walsh, KJE
AF Wang, Hui
Long, Lindsey
Kumar, Arun
Wang, Wanqiu
Schemm, Jae-Kyung E.
Zhao, Ming
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
Larow, Timothy E.
Lim, Young-Kwon
Schubert, Siegfried D.
Shaevitz, Daniel A.
Camargo, Suzana J.
Henderson, Naomi
Kim, Daehyun
Jonas, Jeffrey A.
Walsh, Kevin J. E.
TI How Well Do Global Climate Models Simulate the Variability of Atlantic
Tropical Cyclones Associated with ENSO?
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NORTH-ATLANTIC;
EL-NINO; HURRICANE ACTIVITY; CMIP5 MODELS; FORECAST; GCM; PRECIPITATION;
OSCILLATION
AB The variability of Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) associated with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in model simulations is assessed and compared with observations. The model experiments are 28-yr simulations forced with the observed sea surface temperature from 1982 to 2009. The simulations were coordinated by the U.S. Climate Variability and Predictability Research Program (CLIVAR) Hurricane Working Group and conducted with five global climate models (GCMs) with a total of 16 ensemble members. The model performance is evaluated based on both individual model ensemble means and multimodel ensemble mean. The latter has the highest anomaly correlation (0.86) for the interannual variability of TCs. Previous observational studies show a strong association between ENSO and Atlantic TC activity, as well as distinctions during eastern Pacific (EP) and central Pacific (CP) El Nino events. The analysis of track density and TC origin indicates that each model has different mean biases. Overall, the GCMs simulate the variability of Atlantic TCs well with weaker activity during EP El Nino and stronger activity during La Nina. For CP El Nino, there is a slight increase in the number of TCs as compared with EP El Nino. However, the spatial distribution of track density and TC origin is less consistent among the models. Particularly, there is no indication of increasing TC activity over the U.S. southeast coastal region during CP El Nino as in observations. The difference between the models and observations is likely due to the bias of the models in response to the shift of tropical heating associated with CP El Nino, as well as the model bias in the mean circulation.
C1 [Wang, Hui; Long, Lindsey; Kumar, Arun; Wang, Wanqiu; Schemm, Jae-Kyung E.] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Wang, Hui; Long, Lindsey] Innovim, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Zhao, Ming; Vecchi, Gabriel A.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Larow, Timothy E.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Lim, Young-Kwon; Schubert, Siegfried D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Global Modeling & Assimilat Off, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Lim, Young-Kwon] IM Syst Grp, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Shaevitz, Daniel A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY USA.
[Camargo, Suzana J.; Henderson, Naomi; Kim, Daehyun] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
[Jonas, Jeffrey A.] Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY USA.
[Jonas, Jeffrey A.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Walsh, Kevin J. E.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia.
RP Wang, H (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NCWCP, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM hui.wang@noaa.gov
RI Camargo, Suzana/C-6106-2009; Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008; Zhao,
Ming/C-6928-2014;
OI Camargo, Suzana/0000-0002-0802-5160; Vecchi,
Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X; Walsh, Kevin/0000-0002-1860-510X
FU U.S. CLIVAR
FX This work was carried out as part of a Hurricane Working Group activity
supported by the U.S. CLIVAR. The authors thank the Lamont-Doherty Earth
Observatory of Columbia University for archiving model data and making
them accessible online. The authors also thank Prof. Kerry A. Emanuel,
Dr. Christopher W. Landsea, Mr. Bill Mohan, an anonymous reviewer, and
the editor for their insightful and constructive comments and
suggestions.
NR 50
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 30
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG 1
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 15
BP 5673
EP 5692
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00625.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM2SY
UT WOS:000339702300001
ER
PT J
AU Becker, E
van den Dool, H
Zhang, Q
AF Becker, Emily
van den Dool, Hijug
Zhang, Qin
TI Predictability and Forecast Skill in NMME
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID TO-INTERANNUAL PREDICTION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC
PREDICTABILITY; RETROSPECTIVE FORECASTS; MULTIMODEL ENSEMBLES; SEASONAL
PREDICTION; ENSO PREDICTION; UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE; SYSTEM
AB Forecast skill and potential predictability of 2-m temperature, precipitation rate, and sea surface temperature are assessed using 29 yr of hindcast data from models included in phase 1 of the North American Multimodel Ensemble (NMME) project. Forecast skill is examined using the anomaly correlation (AC); skill of the bias-corrected ensemble means (EMs) of the individual models and of the NMME 7-model EM are verified against the observed value. Forecast skill is also assessed using the root-mean-square error. The models' representation of the size of forecast anomalies is also studied. Predictability was considered from two angles: homogeneous, where one model is verified against a single member from its own ensemble, and heterogeneous, where a model's EM is compared to a single member from another model. This study provides insight both into the physical predictability of the three fields and into the NMME and its contributing models.
Most of the models in the NMME have fairly realistic spread, as represented by the interannual variability. The NMME 7-model forecast skill, verified against observations, is equal to or higher than the individual models' forecast ACs. Two-meter temperature (T2m) skill matches the highest single-model skill, while precipitation rate and sea surface temperature NMME EM skill is higher than for any single model. Homogeneous predictability is higher than reported skill in all fields, suggesting there may be room for some improvement in model prediction, although there are many regional and seasonal variations. The estimate of potential predictability is not overly sensitive to the choice of model. In general, models with higher homogeneous predictability show higher forecast skill.
C1 [Becker, Emily; van den Dool, Hijug; Zhang, Qin] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Becker, E (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM emily.becker@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/MAPP program; NOAA/MAPP; NSF; NASA; DOE
FX The authors are very grateful to three anonymous reviewers, whose
detailed comments greatly improved this manuscript. The phase-1 NMME
project was supported by the NOAA/MAPP program, and the phase-2 NMME
project is support by NOAA/MAPP, NSF, NASA, and the DOE.
NR 34
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG 1
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 15
BP 5891
EP 5906
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00597.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM2SY
UT WOS:000339702300013
ER
PT J
AU Gao, X
Schlosser, CA
Xie, PP
Monier, E
Entekhabi, D
AF Gao, Xiang
Schlosser, C. Adam
Xie, Pingping
Monier, Erwan
Entekhabi, Dara
TI An Analogue Approach to Identify Heavy Precipitation Events: Evaluation
and Application to CMIP5 Climate Models in the United States
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID EXTREME SEASONAL PRECIPITATION; TRENDS; SIMULATIONS; PERSPECTIVE;
PROJECTIONS; ENSEMBLE
AB An analogue method is presented to detect the occurrence of heavy precipitation events without relying on modeled precipitation. The approach is based on using composites to identify distinct large-scale atmospheric conditions associated with widespread heavy precipitation events across local scales. These composites, exemplified in the south-central, midwestern, and western United States, are derived through the analysis of 27-yr (1979-2005) Climate Prediction Center (CPC) gridded station data and the NASA Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA). Circulation features and moisture plumes associated with heavy precipitation events are examined. The analogues are evaluated against the relevant daily meteorological fields from the MERRA reanalysis and achieve a success rate of around 80% in detecting observed heavy events within one or two days. The method also captures the observed interannual variations of seasonal heavy events with higher correlation and smaller RMSE than MERRA precipitation. When applied to the same 27-yr twentieth-century climate model simulations from Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), the analogue method produces a more consistent and less uncertain number of seasonal heavy precipitation events with observation as opposed to using model-simulated precipitation. The analogue method also performs better than model-based precipitation in characterizing the statistics (minimum, lower and upper quartile, median, and maximum) of year-to-year seasonal heavy precipitation days. These results indicate the capability of CMIP5 models to realistically simulate large-scale atmospheric conditions associated with widespread local-scale heavy precipitation events with a credible frequency. Overall, the presented analyses highlight the improved diagnoses of the analogue method against an evaluation that considers modeled precipitation alone to assess heavy precipitation frequency.
C1 [Gao, Xiang; Schlosser, C. Adam; Monier, Erwan] MIT, Joint Program Sci & Policy Global Change, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Xie, Pingping] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Entekhabi, Dara] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Gao, X (reprint author), MIT, E19-411h,50 Ames St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM xgao304@mit.edu
RI Monier, Erwan/F-6988-2010
OI Monier, Erwan/0000-0001-5533-6570
FU NASA Energy and Water Cycle Study Research Announcement [NNH07ZDA001N];
Macro Systems Biology Program Grant (NSF-AES EF) from the National
Science Foundation [1137306]
FX This work was funded by NASA Energy and Water Cycle Study Research
Announcement (NNH07ZDA001N) and Macro Systems Biology Program Grant
(NSF-AES EF#1137306) from the National Science Foundation. We
acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis
and Intercomparison (PCMDI), and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled
Modeling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP CMIP5
multimodel dataset. We thank the NOAA/Climate Prediction Center for the
global gridded precipitation observations and the NASA Global Modeling
and Assimilation Office for the MERRA reanalysis data. The authors
gratefully acknowledge the comments received from Michael Bosilovich and
two anonymous reviewers, which led to a substantially improved
manuscript.
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 20
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG 1
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 15
BP 5941
EP 5963
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00598.1
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM2SY
UT WOS:000339702300016
ER
PT J
AU Neiman, PJ
Ralph, FM
Moore, BJ
Zamora, RJ
AF Neiman, Paul J.
Ralph, F. Martin
Moore, Benjamin J.
Zamora, Robert J.
TI The Regional Influence of an Intense Sierra Barrier Jet and Landfalling
Atmospheric River on Orographic Precipitation in Northern California: A
Case Study
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COOPERATIVE-PILOT-PROJECT; NEVADA MOUNTAINS; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
UNITED-STATES; PACIFIC-OCEAN; WINTER STORM; WEST-COAST; PART I; WATER;
SATELLITE
AB A 915-MHz wind profiler, a GPS receiver, and surface meteorological sites in and near California's northern Central Valley (CV) provide the observational anchor for a case study on 23-25 October 2010. The study highlights key orographic influences on precipitation distributions and intensities across northern California during a landfalling atmospheric river (AR) and an associated Sierra barrier jet (SBJ). A detailed wind profiler/GPS analysis documents an intense AR overriding a shallow SBJ at similar to 750 m MSL, resulting in record early season precipitation. The SBJ diverts shallow, pre-cold-frontal, incoming water vapor within the AR poleward from the San Francisco Bay gap to the northern CV. The SBJ ultimately decays following the passage of the AR and trailing polar cold front aloft. A statistical analysis of orographic forcing reveals that both the AR and SBJ are crucial factors in determining the amount and spatial distribution of precipitation in the northern Sierra Nevada and in the Shasta-Trinity region at the northern terminus of the CV. As the AR and SBJ flow ascends the steep and tall terrain of the northern Sierra and Shasta-Trinity region, respectively, the precipitation becomes enhanced. Vertical profiles of the linear correlation coefficient quantify the orographic linkage between hourly upslope water vapor flux profiles and hourly rain rate. The altitude of maximum correlation (i.e., orographic controlling layer) is lower for the shallow SBJ than for the deeper AR (i.e., 0.90 versus 1.15 km MSL, respectively). This case study expands the understanding of orographic precipitation enhancement from coastal California to its interior. It also quantifies the connection between dry antecedent soils and reduced flood potential.
C1 [Neiman, Paul J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ralph, F. Martin] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Moore, Benjamin J.] NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Moore, Benjamin J.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Moore, Benjamin J.] SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Zamora, Robert J.] NOAA ESRL, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Neiman, PJ (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Mail Code R PSD2,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM paul.j.neiman@noaa.gov
NR 73
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 4
BP 1419
EP 1439
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-0183.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM2QX
UT WOS:000339697000006
ER
PT J
AU Mo, KC
Lettenmaier, DP
AF Mo, Kingtse C.
Lettenmaier, Dennis P.
TI Hydrologic Prediction over the Conterminous United States Using the
National Multi-Model Ensemble
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PREDICTABILITY; FORECASTS; WINTER; SKILL
AB The authors analyzed the skill of monthly and seasonal soil moisture (SM) and runoff (RO) forecasts over the United States performed by driving the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrologic model with forcings derived from the National Multi-Model Ensemble hindcasts (NMME_VIC). The grand ensemble mean NMME_VIC forecasts were compared to ensemble streamflow prediction (ESP) forecasts derived from the VIC model forced by resampling of historical observations during the forecast period (ESP_VIC), using the same initial conditions as NMME_VIC. The forecast period is from 1982 to 2010, with the forecast initialized on 1 January, 1 April, 5 July, and 3 October. Overall, forecast skill is seasonally and regionally dependent. The authors found that 1) the skill of the grand ensemble mean NMME_VIC forecasts is comparable with that of the individual model that has the highest skill; 2) for all forecast initiation dates, the initial conditions play a dominant role in forecast skill at 1-month lead, and at longer lead times, forcings derived from NMME forecasts start to contribute to forecast skill; and 3) the initial conditions dominate contributions to skill for a dry climate regime that covers the western interior states for all seasons and the north-central part of the country for January. In this regime, the forecast skill for both methods is high even at 3-month lead. This regime has low mean precipitation and precipitation variations, and the influence of precipitation on SM and RO is weak. In contrast, a wet regime covers the region from the Gulf states to the Tennessee and Ohio Valleys for forecasts initialized in January and April, the Southwest monsoon region, the Southeast, and the East Coast in summer. In these dynamically active regions, where rainfall depends on the path of the moisture transport and atmospheric forcing, forecast skill is low. For this regime, the climate forecasts contribute to skill. Skillful precipitation forecasts after lead 1 have the potential to improve SM and RO forecast skill, but it was found that this mostly was not the case for the NMME models.
C1 [Mo, Kingtse C.] NOAA NWS NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Lettenmaier, Dennis P.] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Mo, KC (reprint author), NOAA NWS NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM kingtse.mo@noaa.gov
FU NOAA [GC11-578, NA10OAR4310245, NA08OAR4320809]
FX This project was supported by the NOAA Grant GC11-578 to the Climate
Prediction Center and by NOAA Grants NA10OAR4310245 and NA08OAR4320809
to the University of Washington.
NR 25
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 23
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 4
BP 1457
EP 1472
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-0197.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM2QX
UT WOS:000339697000008
ER
PT J
AU Xia, YL
Ek, MB
Mocko, D
Peters-Lidard, CD
Sheffield, J
Dong, JR
Wood, EF
AF Xia, Youlong
Ek, Michael B.
Mocko, David
Peters-Lidard, Christa D.
Sheffield, Justin
Dong, Jiarui
Wood, Eric F.
TI Uncertainties, Correlations, and Optimal Blends of Drought Indices from
the NLDAS Multiple Land Surface Model Ensemble
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ASSIMILATION SYSTEM NLDAS; UNITED-STATES; 20TH-CENTURY DROUGHT; MONITOR
AB This study analyzed uncertainties and correlations over the United States among four ensemble-mean North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) percentile-based drought indices derived from monthly mean evapotranspiration ET, total runoff Q, top 1-m soil moisture SM1, and total column soil moisture SMT. The results show that the uncertainty is smallest for SM1, largest for SMT, and moderate for ET and Q. The strongest correlation is between SM1 and SMT, and the weakest correlation is between ET and Q. The correlation between ET and SM1 (SMT) is strongest in arid-semiarid regions, and the correlation between Q and SM1 (SMT) is strongest in more humid regions in the Pacific Northwest and the Southeast. Drought frequency analysis shows that SM1 has the most frequent drought occurrence, followed by SMT, Q, and ET. The study compared the NLDAS drought indices (a research product) with the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM; an operational product) in terms of drought area percentage derived from each product. It proposes an optimal blend of NLDAS drought indices by searching for weights for each index that minimizes the RMSE between NLDAS and USDM drought area percentage for a 10-yr period (2000-09) with a cross validation. It reconstructed a 30-yr (1980-2009) Objective Blended NLDAS Drought Index (OBNDI) and monthly drought percentage. Overall, the OBNDI performs the best with the smallest RMSE, followed by SM1 and SMT. It should be noted that the contribution to OBNDI from different variables varies with region. So a single formula is probably not the best representation of a blended index. The representation of a blended index using the multiple formulas will be addressed in a future study.
C1 [Xia, Youlong; Dong, Jiarui] Environm Modeling Ctr, IMSG, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Xia, Youlong; Ek, Michael B.; Dong, Jiarui] NOAA, NCEP, EMC, IMSG, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Mocko, David; Peters-Lidard, Christa D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Mocko, David] SAIC, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Sheffield, Justin; Wood, Eric F.] Princeton Univ, Dept Environm & Civil Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Xia, YL (reprint author), NOAA, NCEP, EMC, IMSG, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM youlong.xia@noaa.gov
RI Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012
OI Peters-Lidard, Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876
FU NOAA Climate Program Office's Modeling, Analysis, Prediction, and
Projection (MAPP) program
FX This study is sponsored by the NOAA Climate Program Office's Modeling,
Analysis, Prediction, and Projection (MAPP) program. We thank Dr.
Kingtse Mo from Climate Prediction Center, who provided SPI3 and SPI6
derived from CPC gauge precipitation data used in NLDAS-2. Y.X. thanks
Dr. Weiyu Yang from EMC and three anonymous reviewers, whose comments
and suggestions greatly improved the quality of this manuscript.
NR 27
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 4
BP 1636
EP 1650
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-058.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM2QX
UT WOS:000339697000020
ER
PT J
AU Dahl, JML
Parker, MD
Wicker, LJ
AF Dahl, Johannes M. L.
Parker, Matthew D.
Wicker, Louis J.
TI Imported and Storm-Generated Near-Ground Vertical Vorticity in a
Simulated Supercell
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-LEVEL ROTATION; 5 JUNE 2009; PART II; GOSHEN COUNTY; TORNADOGENESIS;
VORTEX; MESOCYCLONES; THUNDERSTORM; TRANSPORT; GENESIS
AB The authors use a high-resolution supercell simulation to investigate the source of near-ground vertical vorticity by decomposing the vorticity vector into barotropic and nonbarotropic parts. This way, the roles of ambient and storm-generated vorticity can be isolated. A new Lagrangian technique is employed in which material fluid volume elements are tracked to analyze the rearrangement of ambient vortex-line segments. This contribution is interpreted as barotropic vorticity. The storm-generated vorticity is treated as the residual between the known total vorticity and the barotropic vorticity.
In the simulation the development of near-ground vertical vorticity is an outflow phenomenon. There are distinct "rivers" of cyclonic shear vorticity originating from the base of downdrafts that feed into the developing near-ground vortex. The origin of these rivers of vertical vorticity is primarily horizontal baroclinic production, which is maximized in the lowest few hundred meters AGL. Subsequently, this horizontal vorticity is tilted upward while the parcels are still descending. The barotropic vorticity remains mostly streamwise along the analyzed trajectories and does not acquire a large vertical component as the parcels reach the ground. Thus, the ambient vorticity that is imported into the storm contributes only a small fraction of the total near-ground vertical vorticity.
C1 [Dahl, Johannes M. L.; Parker, Matthew D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Wicker, Louis J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Dahl, JML (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Atmospher Sci Grp, Box 41053, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM johannes.dahl@ttu.edu
RI Parker, Matthew/A-5156-2008
FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0758509, AGS-1156123]
FX George Bryan is gratefully acknowledged for providing and supporting the
CM1 model. Also, we greatly benefited from discussions over the recent
years with Paul Markowski, George Bryan, Bob Davies-Jones, Chuck
Doswell, Craig Epifanio, and Daniel Dawson. Comments on the manuscript
by the Convective Storms Group (Brice Coffer, Jason Davis, Christopher
Macintosh, and Keith Sherburn), Yvette Richardson, Richard Rotunno, and
two anonymous reviewers are greatly appreciated. This work is supported
by the National Science Foundation under Grants ATM-0758509 and
AGS-1156123.
NR 40
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 8
BP 3027
EP 3051
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0123.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM2OZ
UT WOS:000339692000015
ER
PT J
AU Kumjian, MR
Prat, OP
AF Kumjian, Matthew R.
Prat, Olivier P.
TI The Impact of Raindrop Collisional Processes on the Polarimetric Radar
Variables
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID COLLECTION-BREAKUP EQUATION; FRAGMENT SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; SMALL
PRECIPITATION DROPS; SIMULATED SQUALL LINE; COALESCENCE EFFICIENCIES;
TEMPORARY COALESCENCE; VERTICAL STRUCTURE; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION;
CONVECTIVE STORMS; EVOLUTION
AB The impact of the collisional warm-rain microphysical processes on the polarimetric radar variables is quantified using a coupled microphysics-electromagnetic scattering model. A one-dimensional bin-microphysical rain shaft model that resolves explicitly the evolution of the drop size distribution (DSD) under the influence of collisional coalescence and breakup, drop settling, and aerodynamic breakup is coupled with electromagnetic scattering calculations that simulate vertical profiles of the polarimetric radar variables: reflectivity factor at horizontal polarization Z(H), differential reflectivity Z(DR), and specific differential phase Km,. The polarimetric radar fingerprint of each individual microphysical process is quantified as a function of the shape of the initial DSD and for different values of nominal rainfall fate. Results indicate that individual microphysical processes (collisional processes, evaporation) display a distinctive signature and evolve within specific areas of Z(H)-Z(DR) and Z(DR)-K-DP space. Furthermore, a comparison of the resulting simulated vertical profiles of the polarimetric variables with radar and disdrometer observations suggests that bin-microphysical parameterizations of drop breakup most frequently used are overly aggressive for the largest rainfall rates, resulting in very "tropical" DSDs heavily skewed toward smaller drops.
C1 [Kumjian, Matthew R.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Adv Study Program, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Prat, Olivier P.] N Carolina State Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Asheville, NC USA.
[Prat, Olivier P.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
RP Kumjian, MR (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 513 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM kumjian@psu.edu
RI Prat, Olivier/B-7016-2009; Measurement, Global/C-4698-2015
OI Prat, Olivier/0000-0002-9289-5723;
FU NSF; NOAA; ONR; DOE; NASA; JAMSTEC; Department of Energy Atmospheric
System Research program [65459]; National Center for Atmospheric
Research (NCAR) Advanced Study Program; NOAA/NCDC Climate Data Records
and Science Stewardship Program through the Cooperative Institute for
Climate and Satellites-North Carolina [NA09NES4400006]
FX SPolKa radar data were collected as part of DYNAMO/ARM-AMIE, which was
sponsored by NSF, NOAA, ONR, DOE, NASA, and JAMSTEC. The involvement of
the NSF-sponsored NCAR Earth Observing Laboratory (EOL) is acknowledged.
Scott Ellis and Bob Rilling (NCAR-EOL) are thanked for providing access
to the SPolKa data, which are archived at the DYNAMO Data Archive Center
maintained by NCAR EOL. The authors also would like to thank Dr. Scott
Collis (Argonne National Laboratory) for providing the CSAPR data.
Support for this work for the first author comes from Grant ER#65459
from the Department of Energy Atmospheric System Research program and
from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Advanced Study
Program. The second author is supported by the NOAA/NCDC Climate Data
Records and Science Stewardship Program through the Cooperative
Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina under the Agreement
NA09NES4400006. We would also like to thank Dr. Hugh Morrison (NCAR
MMM), Dr. Angela Rowe (University of Washington), and two additional
anonymous reviewers who provided a constructive review of the
manuscript.
NR 61
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 8
BP 3052
EP 3067
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0357.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM2OZ
UT WOS:000339692000016
ER
PT J
AU Hall, PB
Noordeh, ES
Chajet, LS
Weiss, E
Nixon, CJ
AF Hall, P. B.
Noordeh, E. S.
Chajet, L. S.
Weiss, E.
Nixon, C. J.
TI Modelling spikes in quasar accretion disc temperature
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion discs; galaxies: nuclei; quasars: general
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY; BLACK-HOLE; MICROLENSING EVIDENCE;
EMITTING REGIONS; EMISSION REGIONS; LENSED QUASARS; VARIABILITY; SIZE;
MASS
AB Microlensing observations indicate that quasar accretion discs have half-light radii larger than standard theories predict. The observations of Blackburne and colleagues suggest that these half-light radii may have a weak wavelength dependence. We consider disc temperature profiles that might match these observations. Nixon and colleagues have suggested that misaligned discs around spinning black holes can have annuli torn off them at radii where the Lense-Thirring torque overcomes the disc's viscosity. These annuli precess, spread radially, and intersect with the remaining disc, heating the disc at potentially large radii. However, unless the intersections occur at an angle of < 1A degrees, highly supersonic collisions will shock heat intersecting gas to T similar to 10(7) K. Discs with such shock-heated regions have significantly larger half-light radii, but are overluminous in X-rays. If instead heating occurs through intermittent weak shocks, the X-ray luminosities are consistent with observations but the half-light radii are not significantly larger. We also study two phenomenological disc temperature profiles. Discs with a temperature spike at relatively large radii and lowered temperatures at radii inside the spike yield improved and acceptable fits to microlensing sizes in most cases. Such temperature profiles could in principle occur in sub-Keplerian discs partially supported by magnetic pressure. However, such discs overpredict the fluxes from quasars studied with microlensing except in the limit of negligible continuum emission from radii inside the temperature spike.
C1 [Hall, P. B.; Noordeh, E. S.; Chajet, L. S.; Weiss, E.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
[Nixon, C. J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Nixon, C. J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Hall, PB (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
EM phall@yorku.ca
OI Nixon, Christopher/0000-0002-2137-4146
FU NSERC; NASA through the Einstein Fellowship Programme [PF2-130098]
FX We thank C. Kochanek and the referee for valuable comments. PBH thanks
NSERC for research support for LSC and EW. ESN thanks NSERC for an
Undergraduate Student Research Award. CJN acknowledges support provided
by NASA through the Einstein Fellowship Programme, grant PF2-130098.
NR 57
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD AUG 1
PY 2014
VL 442
IS 2
BP 1090
EP 1109
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu890
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AL8XM
UT WOS:000339423100012
ER
PT J
AU Snyder, JC
Bluestein, HB
AF Snyder, Jeffrey C.
Bluestein, Howard B.
TI Some Considerations for the Use of High-Resolution Mobile Radar Data in
Tornado Intensity Determination
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID SEVERE CONVECTIVE STORMS; DOPPLER RADAR; X-BAND; HYDROMETEOR
CLASSIFICATION; ORTHOGONAL POLARIZATIONS; POLARIMETRIC SIGNATURES;
BOUNDARY-LAYER; WIND FIELDS; DAMAGE; DYNAMICS
AB The increasing number of mobile Doppler radars used in field campaigns across the central United States has led to an increasing number of high-resolution radar datasets of strong tornadoes. There are more than a few instances in which the radar-measured radial velocities substantially exceed the estimated wind speeds associated with the enhanced Fujita (EF) scale rating assigned to a particular tornado. It is imperative, however, to understand what the radar data represent if one wants to compare radar observations to damage-based EF-scale estimates. A violent tornado observed by the rapid-scan, X-band, polarimetric mobile radar (RaXPol) on 31 May 2013 contained radar-relative radial velocities exceeding 135 m s(-1) in rural areas essentially devoid of structures from which damage ratings can be made. This case, along with others, serves as an excellent example of some of the complications that arise when comparing radar-estimated velocities with the criteria established in the EF scale. In addition, it is shown that data from polarimetric radars should reduce the variance of radar-relative radial velocity estimates within the debris field compared to data from single-polarization radars. Polarimetric radars can also be used to retrieve differential velocity, large magnitudes of which are spatially associated with large spectrum widths inside the polarimetric tornado debris signature in several datasets of intense tornadoes sampled by RaXPol.
C1 [Snyder, Jeffrey C.] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Bluestein, Howard B.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Snyder, JC (reprint author), Natl Severe Storms Lab RRDD, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM jeffrey.snyder@noaa.gov
FU NSF MRI [AGS-0821231, AGS-0934307]; National Research Council
FX The radar and data collection presented in this project were supported
through NSF MRI Grant AGS-0821231 and Grant AGS-0934307 awarded to the
University of Oklahoma. This work is also supported by a National
Research Council Post-Doctoral Research Associateship. The authors wish
to thank Jana Houser and Vivek Mahale for helping to collect some of the
data presented in this paper. Discussions with Valery Melnikov and Don
Burgess were quite helpful, as was an early review by Michael French.
Gabe Garfield and Rick Smith provided details from the perspective of
NWSFO OUN. The Discovery Channel and PBS supported the helicopter
flight, piloted by Mason Dunn, during which the photograph in Fig. 1 was
captured.
NR 69
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 4
BP 799
EP 827
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-14-00026.1
PG 29
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM1XY
UT WOS:000339643800003
ER
PT J
AU Davis, JM
Parker, MD
AF Davis, Jason M.
Parker, Matthew D.
TI Radar Climatology of Tornadic and Nontornadic Vortices in High-Shear,
Low-CAPE Environments in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern United States
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID SIGNIFICANT SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS; MESOCYCLONE DETECTION ALGORITHM;
TROPICAL CYCLONE TORNADOES; LOW-LEVEL MESOVORTICES; BOW ECHO; PART I;
SQUALL LINES; SUPERCELL STORMS; CONVECTIVE MODES; SINGLE-DOPPLER
AB Tornadoes occurring in environments characterized by strong vertical wind shear [0-6-km bulk wind difference >= 35 knots (kt; 1 kt = 0.51 m s(-1)) (18 m s(-1))] but low CAPE (<500J kg(-1)) are an important challenge for forecasters, especially in the mid-Atlantic and southeastern United States. In this study, 95 tornadic and 135 nontornadic vortices were tracked in high-shear, low-CAPE (HSLC) environments. Values of azimuthal shear were recorded along the vortex tracks, and operationally relevant radar reflectivity signatures were also manually identified in association with these vortices. Statistically significant differences in azimuthal shear were found between tornadic and nontornadic vortices within 60 km of the radar, particularly near the surface. Although there were significant differences between tornadic and nontornadic vortices from nonsupercells (primarily quasi-linear convective systems), this was not the case for supercellular vortices. Beyond 60 km from the radar, no statistically significant differences were found. Numerous reflectivity signatures were also studied, including hook echoes and weak-echo regions associated with supercell vortices, as well as rear-inflow notches, bowing segments, and forward-inflow notches associated with nonsupercell vortices. These signatures were found to have a high probability of detection close to the radar, but also a high false alarm rate, and were observed much less often >100 km from the radar. Overall, while azimuthal shear and radar reflectivity signatures show the potential for high probability of detection in close proximity to operational radars, high false alarm rates, and short lead times appear to be an unavoidable trade-off in HSLC environments.
C1 [Davis, Jason M.; Parker, Matthew D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Davis, JM (reprint author), Natl Weather Serv, 465 Weathervane Rd, Calera, AL 35040 USA.
EM jason.davis@noaa.gov
RI Parker, Matthew/A-5156-2008
FU NOAA as part of the Collaborative Science, Technology, and Applied
Research (CSTAR) program [NA10NWS4680007]; AMS Graduate Fellowship; NASA
Earth Science Division
FX The collaborating WFOs played a vital role in shaping the approach to
this project and provided frequent input. Discussions with Justin Lane,
Patrick Moore, Jonathan Blaes, Hunter Coleman, Larry Lee, and Steve
Keighton were especially helpful. Andy Dean from the SPC was very
helpful in providing the tornado, environment, and convective mode data.
Members of the Convective Storms Group at North Carolina State
University are also acknowledged for their feedback and support, and
Gary Lackmann and Sandra Yuter provided very useful feedback while
serving on the first author's thesis committee. Comments from three
anonymous reviewers were very helpful in improving the manuscript.
Funding for this research was provided by NOAA Grant NA10NWS4680007 as
part of the Collaborative Science, Technology, and Applied Research
(CSTAR) program. Additional funding for JD was provided by an AMS
Graduate Fellowship sponsored by the NASA Earth Science Division.
NR 49
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 4
BP 828
EP 853
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-13-00127.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM1XY
UT WOS:000339643800004
ER
PT J
AU VandenBerg, MA
Coniglio, MC
Clark, AJ
AF VandenBerg, Michael A.
Coniglio, Michael C.
Clark, Adam J.
TI Comparison of Next-Day Convection-Allowing Forecasts of Storm motion on
1- and 4-km Grids
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID ERROR GROWTH DYNAMICS; SEVERE LOCAL STORMS; HORIZONTAL RESOLUTION; WRF
MODEL; EXPLICIT FORECASTS; SUPERCELL; WEATHER; VERIFICATION; SHEAR;
PREDICTABILITY
AB This study compares next-day forecasts of storm motion from convection-allowing models with 1- and 4-km grid spacing. A tracking algorithm is used to determine the motion of discrete storms in both the model forecasts and an analysis of radar observations. The distributions of both the raw storm motions and the deviations of these motions from the environmental flow are examined to determine the overall biases of the 1- and 4-km forecasts and how they compare to the observed storm motions. The mean storm speeds for the 1-km forecasts are significantly closer to the observed mean than those for the 4-km forecasts when viewed relative to the environmental flow/shear, but mostly for the shorter-lived storms. For storm directions, the 1-km forecast storms move similarly to the 4-km forecast storms on average. However, for the raw storm motions and those relative to the 0-6-km shear, results suggest that the 1-km forecasts may alleviate some of a clockwise (rightward) bias of the 4-km forecasts, particularly for those that do not deviate strongly from the 0-6-km shear vector. This improvement in a clockwise bias also is seen for the longer-lived storms, but is not seen when viewing the storm motions relative to the 850-300-hPa mean wind or Bunkers motion vector. These results suggest that a reduction from 4- to 1-km grid spacing can potentially improve forecasts of storm motion, but further analysis of closer storm analogs are needed to confirm these results and to explore specific hypotheses for their differences.
C1 [VandenBerg, Michael A.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Coniglio, Michael C.; Clark, Adam J.] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Clark, Adam J.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Coniglio, MC (reprint author), NSSL FRDD, Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM michael.coniglio@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma [NA11OAR4320072]; U.S. Department of Commerce; NOAA CSTAR
program; NSF-ITR project LEAD [ATM-0331594]; NSF [ATM-0802888]
FX This work was made possible by a Presidential Early Career Award for
Scientists and Engineers and through the hard work and dedication of
CAPS scientists, particularly Kevin Thomas, Fanyou Kong, Ming Xue, and
the staff at the National Institute of Computational Science at the
University of Tennessee who made the 2010 WRF-ARW runs possible. We also
thank Dr. David Stensrud of NSSL for providing very helpful suggestions.
Funding was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072,
U.S. Department of Commerce. The CAPS ensemble forecasts were primarily
supported by the NOAA CSTAR program, and were produced on Kraken at the
National Institute of Computational Science at the University of
Tennessee, with some postprocessing done at OSCER at the University of
Oklahoma. Supplementary support was provided by NSF-ITR project LEAD
(ATM-0331594), NSF ATM-0802888, and other NSF grants to CAPS.
NR 49
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 4
BP 878
EP 893
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-14-00011.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM1XY
UT WOS:000339643800006
ER
PT J
AU Sukovich, EM
Ralph, FM
Barthold, FE
Reynolds, DW
Novak, DR
AF Sukovich, Ellen M.
Ralph, F. Martin
Barthold, Faye E.
Reynolds, David W.
Novak, David R.
TI Extreme Quantitative Precipitation Forecast Performance at the Weather
Prediction Center from 2001 to 2011
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC HURRICANE SEASON; ATMOSPHERIC-RIVER; WARM-SEASON; WEST-COAST;
VERIFICATION; RAINFALL; EVENTS; PREDICTABILITY; CALIFORNIA; PATTERNS
AB Extreme quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF) performance is baselined and analyzed by NOAA's Hydrometeorology Testbed (HMT) using 11 yr of 32-km gridded QPFs from NCEP's Weather Prediction Center (WPC). The analysis uses regional extreme precipitation thresholds, quantitatively defined as the 99th and 99.9th percentile precipitation values of all wet-site days from 2001 to 2011 for each River Forecast Center (RFC) region, to evaluate QPF performance at multiple lead times. Five verification metrics are used: probability of detection (POD), false alarm ratio (FAR), critical success index (CSI), frequency bias, and conditional mean absolute error (MAE(cond)). Results indicate that extreme QPFs have incrementally improved in forecast accuracy over the 11-yr period. Seasonal extreme QPFs show the highest skill during winter and the lowest skill during summer, although an increase in QPF skill is observed during September, most likely due to landfalling tropical systems. Seasonal extreme QPF skill decreases with increased lead time. Extreme QPF skill is higher over the western and northeastern RFCs and is lower over the central and southeastern RFC regions, likely due to the preponderance of convective events in the central and southeastern regions. This study extends the NOAA HMT study of regional extreme QPF performance in the western United States to include the contiguous United States and applies the regional assessment recommended therein. The method and framework applied here are readily applied to any gridded QPF dataset to define and verify extreme precipitation events.
C1 [Sukovich, Ellen M.; Reynolds, David W.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sukovich, Ellen M.; Ralph, F. Martin; Reynolds, David W.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Barthold, Faye E.] IM Syst Grp Inc, College Pk, MD USA.
[Barthold, Faye E.; Novak, David R.] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Weather Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Sukovich, EM (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM ellen.sukovich@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Hydrometeorology Testbed (HMT) program; U.S. Weather Research
Program (USWRP)
FX This research was supported by NOAA's Hydrometeorology Testbed (HMT)
program and the U.S. Weather Research Program (USWRP). The authors thank
Leticia Solliard (NPVU) for her assistance in obtaining the NPVU QPF and
QPE data; Tara Jensen, John Halley Gotway, and Tressa Fowler from the
DTC for their assistance with the confidence intervals and verification
software package; and both Eric Parrish and John Adams for their
graphical assistance. The authors appreciate the suggestions and input
provided by Keith Brill, Mike Bodner, and Tom Workoff of NCEP's WPC and
by Tim Schneider and Lynn Johnson at NOAA's ESRL/PSD. Finally, the
authors wish to thank the three anonymous reviewers for their comments
and suggestions.
NR 52
TC 13
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U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 4
BP 894
EP 911
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-13-00061.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM1XY
UT WOS:000339643800007
ER
PT J
AU Reeves, HD
Elmore, KL
Ryzhkov, A
Schuur, T
Krause, J
AF Reeves, Heather Dawn
Elmore, Kimberly L.
Ryzhkov, Alexander
Schuur, Terry
Krause, John
TI Sources of Uncertainty in Precipitation-Type Forecasting
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID FREEZING-RAIN; UNITED-STATES; WINTER STORMS; MODEL; TEMPERATURE; EVENTS;
CLIMATOLOGY; RESOLUTION; MESOSCALE; SURFACE
AB Five implicit precipitation-type algorithms are assessed using observed and model-forecast sounding data in order to measure their accuracy and to gauge the effects of model uncertainty on algorithm performance. When applied to observed soundings, all algorithms provide very reliable guidance on snow and rain (SN and RA). However, their skills for ice pellets and freezing rain (IF and FZRA) are comparatively low. Most misclassifications of IP are for FZRA and vice versa. Deeper investigation reveals that no method used in any of the algorithms to differentiate between IP and FZRA allows for clear discrimination between the two forms. The effects of model uncertainty are also considered. For SN and RA, these effects are minimal and each algorithm performs reliably. Conversely, IP and FZRA are strongly impacted. When the range of uncertainty is fully accounted for, their resulting wet-bulb temperature profiles are nearly indistinguishable, leading to very poor skill for all algorithms. Although currently available data do not allow for a thorough investigation, comparison of the statistics from only those soundings that are associated with long-duration, horizontally uniform regions of FZRA shows there are significant differences between these profiles and those that are from more transient, highly variable environments. Hence, a five-category (SN, RA, IP, FZRA, and IP FZRA mix) approach is advocated to differentiate between sustained regions of horizontally uniform FZRA (or IP) from more mixed environments.
C1 Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Reeves, HD (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Ste 2401,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM heather.reeves@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA University of
Oklahoma, U.S. Department of Commerce [NA11OAR4320072]
FX This study was made possible in part due to the data made available by
the governmental agencies, commercial firms, and educational
institutions participating in MesoWest. Special thanks to H. Brooks, H.
Burcham, R. Cintineo, S. Koch, D. Stensrud, and the anonymous reviewers.
Funding was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
under NOAA University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072,
U.S. Department of Commerce.
NR 41
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U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 4
BP 936
EP 953
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-14-00007.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM1XY
UT WOS:000339643800009
ER
PT J
AU Ancell, BC
Mass, CF
Cook, K
Colman, B
AF Ancell, Brian C.
Mass, Clifford F.
Cook, Kirby
Colman, Brad
TI Comparison of Surface Wind and Temperature Analyses from an Ensemble
Kalman Filter and the NWS Real-Time Mesoscale Analysis System
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA ASSIMILATION; MODEL; PARAMETERIZATION; INTERPOLATION; SENSITIVITY;
REANALYSIS; PREDICTION; CENTERS; ERRORS
AB Operational, high-resolution analyses are a vital part of the National Weather Service (NWS) forecasting process. Currently, the Real-Time Mesoscale Analysis (RTMA) system fills this need by providing hourly analyses using a two-dimensional variational assimilation scheme. While success has been shown with the RTMA, an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) approach should outperform the RTMA, since the EnKF utilizes purely flow-dependent covariances during assimilation. The purpose of this study is to compare surface wind and temperature analyses from an EnKF to those of the RTMA to determine the relative skill of each approach. To reveal the influence of complex terrain, comparisons are performed for both the U.S. Pacific Northwest and Midwest. As expected, EnKF analysis increments reveal structures that align with the instantaneous flow, particularly regarding the wind field, for which the EnKF produces superior analyses. The EnKF is no better than the RTMA in strongly varying terrain, which may be a result of enhanced representativeness error in such regions. In contrast, temperature analysis increments are far less sensitive to flow dependence and are similar for both the EnKF and RTMA. RTMA temperature analyses possess slightly better skill than those produced by the EnKF, likely due to sampling error within the EnKF. Similar results for wind and temperature are found when assimilating significantly more and less observations in both systems. The implications of these results for operational production of finescale analyses are discussed.
C1 [Ancell, Brian C.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Mass, Clifford F.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Cook, Kirby; Colman, Brad] NOAA, NWS, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Ancell, BC (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, Box 41053, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM brian.ancell@ttu.edu
FU University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) COMET program
FX The authors wish to thank Manuel De Pondeca and Michael Lueken of the
Environmental Modeling Center (EMC), as well as Per Andersen of the
Texas Tech University High Performance Computing Center (HPCC), for
their extensive help in getting the operational RTMA system working on
Texas Tech computing resources. We also thank Anthony Reinhart for his
help with the observational plots in this study. The authors also wish
to acknowledge the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
(UCAR) COMET program for funding this work.
NR 29
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Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 4
BP 1058
EP 1075
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-13-00139.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM1XY
UT WOS:000339643800016
ER
PT J
AU Glahn, B
AF Glahn, Bob
TI Determining an Optimal Decay Factor for Bias-Correcting MOS Temperature
and Dewpoint Forecasts
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID KALMAN FILTER; PREDICTION; WIND
AB Model output statistics (MOS) forecast relationships for temperature and dewpoint developed with least squares regression and put into operation by the National Weather Service (NWS) are unbiased over the sample period of development. However, short-term biases within that period can exist, and application of the regression equations to new data may produce forecasts with short- or long-term biases. Because NWP models undergo changes over time, MOS forecasts can be biased because of these changes, and also possibly because of local environmental changes. These biases can be largely eliminated. In the decaying average method, a "decay factor" is used. This value affects not only the short- and long-term bias characteristics, but also other accuracy measures of the forecasts. This paper shows how different values of the decay factor affect MOS temperature and dewpoint forecasts, and the range of factors that would be appropriate for bias correcting those forecasts. Biases and other quality measures are shown for both cool and warm season samples before and after various values of the decay factor have been applied.
C1 [Glahn, Bob] NOAA, Meteorol Dev Lab, Natl Weather Serv, Off Sci & Technol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Glahn, B (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, 1325 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM harry.glahn@noaa.gov
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 29
IS 4
BP 1076
EP 1090
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-13-00123.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AM1XY
UT WOS:000339643800017
ER
PT J
AU Watson, JT
Bigelow, KA
AF Watson, Jordan T.
Bigelow, Keith A.
TI Trade-offs among Catch, Bycatch, and Landed Value in the American Samoa
Longline Fishery
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Albacore; longline; nontarget species; observer data; sea turtles;
sharks; trade-offs
ID EASTERN PACIFIC-OCEAN; HORIZONTAL MOVEMENTS; DEPTH DISTRIBUTION; PELAGIC
FISHES; BY-CATCH; TUNA; CLOSURES; BEHAVIOR; TIME; CONSERVATION
AB The interspecific preferences of fishes for different depths and habitats suggest fishers could avoid unwanted catches of some species while still effectively targeting other species. In pelagic longline fisheries, albacore (Thunnus alalunga) are often caught in relatively cooler, deeper water (>100 m) than many species of conservation concern (e. g., sea turtles, billfishes, and some sharks) that are caught in shallower water (<100 m). From 2007 to 2011, we examined the depth distributions of hooks for 1154 longline sets (3,406,946 hooks) and recorded captures by hook position on 2642 sets (7,829,498 hooks) in the American Samoa longline fishery. Twenty-three percent of hooks had a settled depth <100 m. Individuals captured in the 3 shallowest hook positions accounted for 18.3% of all bycatch. We analyzed hypothetical impacts for 25 of the most abundant species caught in the fishery by eliminating the 3 shallowest hook positions under scenarios with and without redistribution of these hooks to deeper depths. Distributions varied by species: 45.5% (n = 10) of green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas), 59.5% (n = 626) of shortbill spearfish (Tetrapturus angustirostris), 37.3% (n = 435) of silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis), and 42.6% (n = 150) of oceanic whitetip shark (C. longimanus) were caught on the 3 shallowest hooks. Eleven percent (n = 20,435) of all tuna and 8.5% (n = 10,374) of albacore were caught on the 3 shallowest hooks. Hook elimination reduced landed value by 1.6-9.2%, and redistribution of hooks increased average annual landed value relative to the status quo by 5-11.7%. Based on these scenarios, redistribution of hooks to deeper depths may provide an economically feasible modification to longline gear that could substantially reduce bycatch for a suite of vulnerable species. Our results suggest that this method may be applicable to deep-set pelagic longline fisheries worldwide.
C1 [Watson, Jordan T.] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Watson, Jordan T.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Bigelow, Keith A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Watson, JT (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, 1000 Pope Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM jordan.watson@noaa.gov
FU Fisheries Disaster Relief Program; Joint Institute for Marine and
Atmospheric Research [NA09OAR4320075]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) [NA09OAR4320075]
FX We thank captains and crews of American Samoa based longline vessels and
observers for TDR deployments. We thank S. Kostelnik and R. Kupfer for
TDR data management, E. Fletcher for programming support, and E. Forney
and J. Willson for data access. C. Boggs, D. Curran, P. Dalzell, M. Pan,
Y. Swimmer, and 2 anonymous reviewers provided valuable input. This
project was partially funded by the Fisheries Disaster Relief Program
and by Cooperative Agreement NA09OAR4320075 between the Joint Institute
for Marine and Atmospheric Research and the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The views expressed herein are those
of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or any
of its subdivisions.
NR 48
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 4
BP 1012
EP 1022
DI 10.1111/cobi.12268
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AL9ZB
UT WOS:000339501100013
PM 24628499
ER
PT J
AU Som, NA
Monestiez, P
Hoef, JMV
Zimmerman, DL
Peterson, EE
AF Som, Nicholas A.
Monestiez, Pascal
Hoef, Jay M. Ver
Zimmerman, Dale L.
Peterson, Erin E.
TI Spatial sampling on streams: principles for inference on aquatic
networks
SO ENVIRONMETRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE sampling design; spatial statistics; stream networks
ID PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; STATISTICAL-MODELS; CHANNEL NETWORKS;
LINEAR-MODEL; DESIGN; PREDICTION; CONNECTIVITY; VARIABILITY;
PERSPECTIVE; SELECTION
AB For ecological and environmental data, prior inquiries into spatial sampling designs have considered two-dimensional domains and have shown that design optimality depends on the characteristics of the target spatial domain and intended inference. The structure and water-driven continuity of streams prompted the development of spatial autocovariance models for stream networks. The unique properties of stream networks, and their spatial processes, warrant evaluation of sampling design characteristics in comparison with their two-dimensional counterparts. Common inference scenarios in stream networks include spatial prediction, estimation of fixed effects parameters, and estimation of autocovariance parameters, with prediction and fixed effects estimation most commonly coupled with autocovariance parameter estimation. We consider these inference scenarios under a suite of network characteristics and stream-network spatial processes. Our results demonstrate, for parameter estimation and prediction, the importance of collecting samples from specific network locations. Additionally, our results mirror aspects from the prior two-dimensional sampling design inquiries, namely, the importance of collecting some samples within clusters when autocovariance parameter estimation is required. These results can be applied to help refine sample site selection for future studies and further showcase that understanding the characteristics of the targeted spatial domain is essential for sampling design planning. Published 2014. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Som, Nicholas A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arcata FWO, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Monestiez, Pascal] INRA, Biostat & Proc Spatiaux, Avignon, France.
[Hoef, Jay M. Ver] NOAA Fisheries, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
[Zimmerman, Dale L.] Univ Iowa, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Peterson, Erin E.] CSIRO Computat Informat, Dutton Pk, Qld, Australia.
RP Som, NA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arcata FWO, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
EM nicholas_som@fws.gov
RI Peterson, Erin/D-2360-2009;
OI Ver Hoef, Jay/0000-0003-4302-6895; Monestiez, Pascal/0000-0001-5851-2699
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis - National Science
Foundation [EF-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State
of California
FX This study was conducted as part of the Spatial Statistics for Streams
Working Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis
and Synthesis, a center funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant
#EF-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara and the State
of California. Note that any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government. The authors thank three anonymous reviewers whose comments
led to considerable improvements in the article.
NR 43
TC 7
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U1 1
U2 28
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1180-4009
EI 1099-095X
J9 ENVIRONMETRICS
JI Environmetrics
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 25
IS 5
BP 306
EP 323
DI 10.1002/env.2284
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
Statistics & Probability
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics
GA AL8ZW
UT WOS:000339429900002
ER
PT J
AU Ballantyne, KN
Ralf, A
Aboukhalid, R
Achakzai, NM
Anjos, MJ
Ayub, Q
Balazic, J
Ballantyne, J
Ballard, DJ
Berger, B
Bobillo, C
Bouabdellah, M
Burri, H
Capal, T
Caratti, S
Cardenas, J
Cartault, F
Carvalho, EF
Carvalho, M
Cheng, BW
Coble, MD
Comas, D
Corach, D
D'Amato, ME
Davison, S
de Knijff, P
De Ungria, MCA
Decorte, R
Dobosz, T
Dupuy, BM
Elmrghni, S
Gliwinski, M
Gomes, SC
Grol, L
Haas, C
Hanson, E
Henke, J
Henke, L
Herrera-Rodriguez, F
Hill, CR
Holmlund, G
Honda, K
Immel, UD
Inokuchi, S
Jobling, MA
Kaddura, M
Kim, JS
Kim, SH
Kim, W
King, TE
Klausriegler, E
Kling, D
Kovacevic, L
Kovatsi, L
Krajewski, P
Kravchenko, S
Larmuseau, MHD
Lee, EY
Lessig, R
Livshits, LA
Marjanovic, D
Minarik, M
Mizuno, N
Moreira, H
Morling, N
Mukherjee, M
Munier, P
Nagaraju, J
Neuhuber, F
Nie, SJ
Nilasitsataporn, P
Nishi, T
Oh, HH
Olofsson, J
Onofri, V
Palo, JU
Pamjav, H
Parson, W
Petlach, M
Phillips, C
Ploski, R
Prasad, SPR
Primorac, D
Purnomo, GA
Purps, J
Rangel-Villalobos, H
Rebala, K
Rerkamnuaychoke, B
Gonzalez, DR
Robino, C
Roewer, L
Rosa, A
Sajantila, A
Sala, A
Salvador, JM
Sanz, P
Schmitt, C
Sharma, AK
Silva, DA
Shin, KJ
Sijen, T
Sirker, M
Sivakova, D
Skaro, V
Solano-Matamoros, C
Souto, L
Stenzl, V
Sudoyo, H
Syndercombe-Court, D
Tagliabracci, A
Taylor, D
Tillmar, A
Tsybovsky, IS
Tyler-Smith, C
van der Gaag, KJ
Vanek, D
Volgyi, A
Ward, D
Willemse, P
Yap, EPH
Yong, RYY
Pajnic, IZ
Kayser, M
AF Ballantyne, Kaye N.
Ralf, Arwin
Aboukhalid, Rachid
Achakzai, Niaz M.
Anjos, Maria J.
Ayub, Qasim
Balazic, Joze
Ballantyne, Jack
Ballard, David J.
Berger, Burkhard
Bobillo, Cecilia
Bouabdellah, Mehdi
Burri, Helen
Capal, Tomas
Caratti, Stefano
Cardenas, Jorge
Cartault, Francois
Carvalho, Elizeu F.
Carvalho, Monica
Cheng, Baowen
Coble, Michael D.
Comas, David
Corach, Daniel
D'Amato, Maria E.
Davison, Sean
de Knijff, Peter
De Ungria, Maria Corazon A.
Decorte, Ronny
Dobosz, Tadeusz
Dupuy, Berit M.
Elmrghni, Samir
Gliwinski, Mateusz
Gomes, Sara C.
Grol, Laurens
Haas, Cordula
Hanson, Erin
Henke, Juergen
Henke, Lotte
Herrera-Rodriguez, Fabiola
Hill, Carolyn R.
Holmlund, Gunilla
Honda, Katsuya
Immel, Uta-Dorothee
Inokuchi, Shota
Jobling, Mark A.
Kaddura, Mahmoud
Kim, Jong S.
Kim, Soon H.
Kim, Wook
King, Turi E.
Klausriegler, Eva
Kling, Daniel
Kovacevic, Lejla
Kovatsi, Leda
Krajewski, Pawel
Kravchenko, Sergey
Larmuseau, Maarten H. D.
Lee, Eun Young
Lessig, Ruediger
Livshits, Ludmila A.
Marjanovic, Damir
Minarik, Marek
Mizuno, Natsuko
Moreira, Helena
Morling, Niels
Mukherjee, Meeta
Munier, Patrick
Nagaraju, Javaregowda
Neuhuber, Franz
Nie, Shengjie
Nilasitsataporn, Premlaphat
Nishi, Takeki
Oh, Hye H.
Olofsson, Jill
Onofri, Valerio
Palo, Jukka U.
Pamjav, Horolma
Parson, Walther
Petlach, Michal
Phillips, Christopher
Ploski, Rafal
Prasad, Samayamantri P. R.
Primorac, Dragan
Purnomo, Gludhug A.
Purps, Josephine
Rangel-Villalobos, Hector
Rebala, Krzysztof
Rerkamnuaychoke, Budsaba
Rey Gonzalez, Danel
Robino, Carlo
Roewer, Lutz
Rosa, Alexandra
Sajantila, Antti
Sala, Andrea
Salvador, Jazelyn M.
Sanz, Paula
Schmitt, Cornelia
Sharma, Anil K.
Silva, Dayse A.
Shin, Kyoung-Jin
Sijen, Titia
Sirker, Miriam
Sivakova, Daniela
Skaro, Vedrana
Solano-Matamoros, Carlos
Souto, Luis
Stenzl, Vlastimil
Sudoyo, Herawati
Syndercombe-Court, Denise
Tagliabracci, Adriano
Taylor, Duncan
Tillmar, Andreas
Tsybovsky, Iosif S.
Tyler-Smith, Chris
van der Gaag, Kristiaan J.
Vanek, Daniel
Volgyi, Antonia
Ward, Denise
Willemse, Patricia
Yap, Eric P. H.
Yong, Rita Y. Y.
Pajnic, Irena Zupanic
Kayser, Manfred
TI Toward Male Individualization with Rapidly Mutating Y-Chromosomal Short
Tandem Repeats
SO HUMAN MUTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Y-chromosome; Y-STRs; haplotypes; RM Y-STRs; paternal lineage; forensic
ID FORENSIC ANALYSIS; STR HAPLOTYPES; POPULATIONS; RECOMMENDATIONS;
DIVERSITY; DATABASE; HISTORY; UPDATE; ISFG
AB Relevant for various areas of human genetics, Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are commonly used for testing close paternal relationships among individuals and populations, and for male lineage identification. However, even the widely used 17-loci Yfiler set cannot resolve individuals and populations completely. Here, 52 centers generated quality-controlled data of 13 rapidly mutating (RM) Y-STRs in 14,644 related and unrelated males from 111 worldwide populations. Strikingly, >99% of the 12,272 unrelated males were completely individualized. Haplotype diversity was extremely high (global: 0.9999985, regional: 0.99836-0.9999988). Haplotype sharing between populations was almost absent except for six (0.05%) of the 12,156 haplotypes. Haplotype sharing within populations was generally rare (0.8% nonunique haplotypes), significantly lower in urban (0.9%) than rural (2.1%) and highest in endogamous groups (14.3%). Analysis of molecular variance revealed 99.98% of variation within populations, 0.018% among populations within groups, and 0.002% among groups. Of the 2,372 newly and 156 previously typed male relative pairs, 29% were differentiated including 27% of the 2,378 father-son pairs. Relative to Yfiler, haplotype diversity was increased in 86% of the populations tested and overall male relative differentiation was raised by 23.5%. Our study demonstrates the value of RMY-STRs in identifying and separating unrelated and related males and provides a reference database. Published 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.**
C1 [Ballantyne, Kaye N.; Ralf, Arwin; Kayser, Manfred] Erasmus MC Univ, Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Forens Mol Biol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands.
[Ballantyne, Kaye N.] Victoria Police Forens Serv Dept, Off Chief Forens Scientist, Macleod, Vic, Australia.
[Aboukhalid, Rachid; Bouabdellah, Mehdi] Mohammed V Agdal Univ, Fac Sci, Immunol & Biochem Lab, Forens Genet Unit, Rabat, Morocco.
[Achakzai, Niaz M.] Univ Punjab, CEMB, Ctr Excellence Mol Biol, DNA Typing Lab, Lahore, Pakistan.
[Anjos, Maria J.; Carvalho, Monica] Natl Inst Legal Med & Forens Sci IP, Forens Genet Serv, Coimbra, Portugal.
[Ayub, Qasim; Tyler-Smith, Chris] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Hinxton, South Cambridge, England.
[Balazic, Joze; Pajnic, Irena Zupanic] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Med, Inst Forens Med, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Ballantyne, Jack] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Chem, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Ballantyne, Jack; Hanson, Erin] Univ Cent Florida, Natl Ctr Forens Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Ballard, David J.; Syndercombe-Court, Denise] Kings Coll London, Dept Forens & Analyt Sci, London WC2R 2LS, England.
[Berger, Burkhard; Parson, Walther] Med Univ Innsbruck, Inst Legal Med, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Bobillo, Cecilia; Corach, Daniel; Sala, Andrea] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Farm & Bioquim, Serv Huellas Digit Genet, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Bobillo, Cecilia; Corach, Daniel; Sala, Andrea] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Burri, Helen; Haas, Cordula] Univ Zurich, Inst Legal Med, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Capal, Tomas; Stenzl, Vlastimil] Inst Criminalist Prague, Dept Forens Genet, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Caratti, Stefano; Robino, Carlo] Univ Turin, Dept Publ Hlth Sci & Pediat, Turin, Italy.
[Cardenas, Jorge; Phillips, Christopher; Rey Gonzalez, Danel] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Inst Legal Med, Forens Genet Unit, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.
[Cartault, Francois; Munier, Patrick] Site Ctr Hosp Felix Guyon, Serv Genet, St Denis, Reunion.
[Carvalho, Elizeu F.; Silva, Dayse A.] Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Inst Biol, Dept Ecol, DNA Lab, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Cheng, Baowen] Yunnan Prov Dept Publ Secur, Inst Forens Sci, Kunming, Peoples R China.
[Coble, Michael D.; Hill, Carolyn R.] NIST, Appl Genet Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Comas, David; Sanz, Paula] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Inst Biol Evolut CSIC UPF, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, Barcelona, Spain.
[D'Amato, Maria E.; Davison, Sean] Univ Western Cape, Dept Biotechnol, Forens DNA Lab, Cape Town, South Africa.
[de Knijff, Peter; van der Gaag, Kristiaan J.; Willemse, Patricia] Leiden Univ, Dept Human Genet, Med Ctr, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
[De Ungria, Maria Corazon A.; Salvador, Jazelyn M.] Univ Philippines, Nat Sci Res Inst, DNA Anal Lab, Quezon City 1101, Philippines.
[Decorte, Ronny; Larmuseau, Maarten H. D.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Imaging & Pathol, Lab Forens Genet & Mol Archaeol, Leuven, Belgium.
[Dobosz, Tadeusz] Wroclaw Med Univ, Dept Forens Med, Wroclaw, Poland.
[Dupuy, Berit M.; Kling, Daniel] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Family Genet, Oslo, Norway.
[Elmrghni, Samir; Kaddura, Mahmoud] Univ Benghazi, Fac Med, Dept Forens Med & Toxicol, Benghazi, Libya.
[Gliwinski, Mateusz; Rebala, Krzysztof] Med Univ Gdansk, Dept Forens Med, Gdansk, Poland.
[Gomes, Sara C.; Rosa, Alexandra] Univ Madeira, Human Genet Lab, Funchal, Portugal.
[Grol, Laurens; Sijen, Titia] Netherlands Forens Inst, Dept Human Biol Traces R&D, The Hague, Netherlands.
[Henke, Juergen; Henke, Lotte] Inst Blutgruppenforsch LGC GmbH, Cologne, Germany.
[Herrera-Rodriguez, Fabiola] Poder Judicial, Dept Ciencias Forenses, Secc Bioquim, Unidad Genet Forense, San Joaquin De Flores, Heredia, Costa Rica.
[Holmlund, Gunilla; Tillmar, Andreas] Linkoping Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden.
[Holmlund, Gunilla; Tillmar, Andreas] Natl Board Forens Med, Dept Forens Genet & Forens Toxicol, Linkoping, Sweden.
[Honda, Katsuya; Nishi, Takeki] Univ Tsukuba, Fac Med, Dept Legal Med, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Immel, Uta-Dorothee; Lessig, Ruediger] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Legal Med, D-06108 Halle, Germany.
[Inokuchi, Shota; Mizuno, Natsuko] Natl Res Inst Police Sci, Kashiwa, Chiba 2770882, Japan.
[Jobling, Mark A.; King, Turi E.] Univ Leicester, Dept Genet, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Kim, Jong S.; Oh, Hye H.] Supreme Prosecutors Off, DNA Forens Div, Seoul, South Korea.
[Kim, Soon H.] Natl Forens Serv, Eastern Dist Off, DNA Anal Lab, Gangwon Do, South Korea.
[Kim, Wook] Dankook Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Cheonan, South Korea.
[Klausriegler, Eva; Neuhuber, Franz] Salzburg Univ, Inst Legal Med, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria.
[Kovacevic, Lejla; Marjanovic, Damir] Inst Genet Engn & Biotechnol, Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herceg.
[Kovatsi, Leda] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Sch Med, Lab Forens Med & Toxicol, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece.
[Krajewski, Pawel] Med Univ Warsaw, Ctr Biostruct, Dept Forens Med, Warsaw, Poland.
[Kravchenko, Sergey; Livshits, Ludmila A.] NASU, Inst Mol Biol & Genet, Dept Human Genom, Kiev, Ukraine.
[Lee, Eun Young; Shin, Kyoung-Jin] Yonsei Univ, Coll Med, Dept Forens Med, Seoul, South Korea.
[Minarik, Marek; Petlach, Michal] Genomac Forens Inst, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Moreira, Helena; Souto, Luis] Univ Aveiro, Dept Biol, Lab Genet Aplicada, P-3800 Aveiro, Portugal.
[Morling, Niels; Olofsson, Jill] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Dept Forens Med, Sect Forens Genet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Mukherjee, Meeta; Sharma, Anil K.] Govt India, Minist Home Affairs, Directorate Forens Sci Serv, Cent Forens Sci Lab, Kolkata, India.
[Nagaraju, Javaregowda; Prasad, Samayamantri P. R.] Ctr DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnost, Lab DNA Fingerprinting Serv, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
[Nie, Shengjie] Kunming Med Univ, Sch Forens Med, Kunming, Peoples R China.
[Nilasitsataporn, Premlaphat] Royal Thai Police, Off Forens Sci Police, Cent Sci Crime Detect Div, DNA & Biol Unit, Bangkok, Thailand.
[Onofri, Valerio; Tagliabracci, Adriano] Univ Politecn Marche, Dept Biomed Sci & Publ Hlth, Sect Legal Med, Ancona, Italy.
[Palo, Jukka U.; Sajantila, Antti] Univ Helsinki, Hjelt Inst, Dept Forens Med, Helsinki, Finland.
[Pamjav, Horolma; Volgyi, Antonia] Minist Publ Adm & Justice, Network Forens Sci Inst, Inst Forens Med, DNA Lab, Budapest, Hungary.
[Parson, Walther; Primorac, Dragan] Penn State Univ, Eberly Coll Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Ploski, Rafal] Med Univ Warsaw, Ctr Biostruct, Dept Med Genet, Warsaw, Poland.
[Primorac, Dragan] Univ New Haven, Henry C Lee Coll Criminal Justice & Forens Sci, West Haven, CT USA.
[Primorac, Dragan] Univ Split, Sch Med, Split, Croatia.
[Primorac, Dragan] Univ Osijek, Sch Med, Osijek, Croatia.
[Purnomo, Gludhug A.; Sudoyo, Herawati] Eijkman Inst Mol Biol, Jakarta, Indonesia.
[Purps, Josephine; Roewer, Lutz] Charite, Inst Legal Med & Forens Sci, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
[Rangel-Villalobos, Hector] Univ Guadalajara CUCienega UdeG, Inst Invest Genet Mol, Jalisco, Mexico.
[Rerkamnuaychoke, Budsaba] Mahidol Univ, Ramathibodi Hosp, Fac Med, Dept Pathol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
[Rosa, Alexandra] Univ Madeira, Ctr Life Sci, Med Sci Unit, Funchal, Portugal.
[Sajantila, Antti] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Inst Appl Genet, Ft Worth, TX USA.
[Schmitt, Cornelia; Sirker, Miriam] Univ Cologne, Fac Med, Inst Legal Med, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.
[Sivakova, Daniela] Comenius Univ, Dept Anthropol, Bratislava, Slovakia.
[Skaro, Vedrana] Genos Ltd, DNA Lab, Zagreb, Croatia.
[Solano-Matamoros, Carlos] Univ Costa Rica, Fac Microbiol, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Taylor, Duncan] Forens Sci South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
[Taylor, Duncan] Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
[Tsybovsky, Iosif S.] State Comm Forens Expertises, Sci & Pract Ctr, Minsk, Byelarus.
[Vanek, Daniel] Forens DNA Serv, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Vanek, Daniel] Charles Univ Prague, Inst,Legal Med, Fac Med 2, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Ward, Denise] Forens Sci South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
[Yap, Eric P. H.; Yong, Rita Y. Y.] DSO Natl Labs, Def Med & Environm Res Inst, Singapore, Singapore.
RP Kayser, M (reprint author), Erasmus MC Univ, Med Ctr Rotterdam, Dept Forens Mol Biol, POB 2040, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands.
EM m.kayser@erasmusmc.nl
RI Ballard, David/B-8392-2014; Phillips, Christopher/E-4005-2012; Yap,
Eric/F-9501-2015; Minarik, Marek/B-5995-2009
OI Ayub, Qasim/0000-0003-3291-0917; Taylor, Duncan/0000-0003-0633-7424;
Robino, Carlo/0000-0003-1187-7732; Sirker, Miriam/0000-0003-2979-4257;
Yong, Rita/0000-0002-9770-6565; Rosa, Alexandra/0000-0002-1827-6828;
Caratti, Stefano/0000-0002-8876-9724; Parson,
Walther/0000-0002-5692-2392; Skaro, Vedrana/0000-0002-8275-867X; Ploski,
Rafal/0000-0001-6286-5526; Tagliabracci, Adriano/0000-0002-4434-0475;
D'Amato, Maria Eugenia/0000-0003-0990-0219; Phillips,
Christopher/0000-0002-9601-0128; Minarik, Marek/0000-0002-0615-6116
FU Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)/Netherlands Organization for
Scientific Research (NWO) within the framework of the Forensic Genomics
Consortium Netherlands (FGCN); Wellcome Trust [098051, 087576];
Leverhulme Trust [F/00 212/AM]; ALPKULTUR; Austrian Academy of Sciences'
"Alpine Research Programme"; Spanish Government [CGL2010-14944/BOS];
UBACyT, Argentina [20020100100744]; PIP CONICET, Argentina
[1220110100914]; FWO-Vlaanderen; National Natural Science Foundation of
China [31100906, 81241136]; Medical Research Council of South Africa;
National Research Foundation of South Africa; Philippine Council for
Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development
(PCIEERD) of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST); Finnish
Foundations' Professors Pool, Paulo Foundation
FX Contract grant sponsors: Netherlands Genomics Initiative
(NGI)/Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) within the
framework of the Forensic Genomics Consortium Netherlands (FGCN); The
Wellcome Trust (098051); The Wellcome Trust (087576); Leverhulme Trust
(F/00 212/AM); ALPKULTUR and the Austrian Academy of Sciences' "Alpine
Research Programme"; Spanish Government (CGL2010-14944/BOS); UBACyT
20020100100744 and PIP CONICET No1220110100914, Argentina;
FWO-Vlaanderen; National Natural Science Foundation of China (31100906
and 81241136); Medical Research Council of South Africa and the National
Research Foundation of South Africa; Philippine Council for Industry,
Energy and Emerging Technology Research and Development (PCIEERD) of the
Department of Science and Technology (DOST); Finnish Foundations'
Professors Pool, Paulo Foundation.
NR 34
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 4
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1059-7794
EI 1098-1004
J9 HUM MUTAT
JI Hum. Mutat.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 35
IS 8
BP 1021
EP 1032
DI 10.1002/humu.22599
PG 12
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA AL9AL
UT WOS:000339431600016
PM 24917567
ER
PT J
AU Sandwell, DT
Smith, WHF
AF Sandwell, David T.
Smith, Walter H. F.
TI Slope correction for ocean radar altimetry
SO JOURNAL OF GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Radar altimetry; Ocean circulation; Marine gravity
ID CONTINENTAL ICE
AB We develop a slope correction model to improve the accuracy of mean sea surface topography models as well as marine gravity models. The correction is greatest above ocean trenches and large seamounts where the slope of the geoid exceeds 100 rad. In extreme cases, the correction to the mean sea surface height is 40 mm and the correction to the along-track altimeter slope is 1-2 rad which maps into a 1-2 mGal gravity error. Both corrections are easily applied using existing grids of sea surface slope from satellite altimetry.
C1 [Sandwell, David T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Smith, Walter H. F.] NOAA, Lab Satellite Altimetry, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Sandwell, DT (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM dsandwell@ucsd.edu
RI Smith, Walter/F-5627-2010;
OI Smith, Walter/0000-0002-8814-015X; Sandwell, David/0000-0001-5657-8707
FU ConocoPhillips; National Science Foundation [OCE-1128801]; Office of
Naval Research [N00014-12-1-0111]; National Geospatial-Intelligence
Agency [HM0177-13-1-0008]
FX The CryoSat-2 and Envisat data were provided by the European Space
agency, and NASA/CNES provided data from the Jason-1 altimeter. This
research was supported by ConocoPhillips, the National Science
Foundation (OCE-1128801), the Office of Naval Research
(N00014-12-1-0111) and the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
(HM0177-13-1-0008). The manuscript contents are the opinions of the
authors and the participation of W. H. F. Smith should not be construed
as indicating that the contents of the paper are a statement of official
policy, decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or the US Government.
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-7714
EI 1432-1394
J9 J GEODESY
JI J. Geodesy
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 88
IS 8
BP 765
EP 771
DI 10.1007/s00190-014-0720-1
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Remote Sensing
GA AL8WV
UT WOS:000339421400004
ER
PT J
AU Chai, H
Lee, JJW
Mieleszko, AJ
Chu, SJ
Zhang, Y
AF Chai, Herzl
Lee, James J. -W.
Mieleszko, Adam J.
Chu, Stephen J.
Zhang, Yu
TI On the interfacial fracture of porcelain/zirconia and graded zirconia
dental structures
SO ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Interfacial fracture energy; Delamination; All-ceramic dental
restorations; Porcelain-veneered zirconia; Graded zirconia
ID FIXED PARTIAL DENTURES; ALL-CERAMIC RESTORATIONS; CLINICAL
CHARACTERISTICS; VENEERING CERAMICS; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; BOND STRENGTH;
FAILURE MODES; RESISTANCE; CROWNS; PROSTHESES
AB Porcelain fused to zirconia (PFZ) restorations are widely used in prosthetic dentistry. However, their susceptibility to fracture remains a practical problem. The failure of PFZ prostheses often involves crack initiation and growth in the porcelain, which may be followed by fracture along the porcelain/zirconia (P/Z) interface. In this work, we characterized the process of fracture in two PFZ systems, as well as a newly developed graded glass-zirconia structure with emphases placed on resistance to interfacial cracking. Thin porcelain layers were fused onto Y-TZP plates with or without the presence of a glass binder. The specimens were loaded in a four-point-bending fixture with the thin porcelain veneer in tension, simulating the lower portion of the connectors and marginal areas of a fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) during occlusal loading. The evolution of damage was observed by a video camera. The fracture was characterized by unstable growth of cracks perpendicular to the P/Z interface (channel cracks) in the porcelain layer, which was followed by stable cracking along the P/Z interface. The interfacial fracture energy G(C) was determined by a finite-element analysis taking into account stress-shielding effects due to the presence of adjacent channel cracks. The resulting G(C) was considerably less than commonly reported values for similar systems. Fracture in the graded Y-TZP samples occurred via a single channel crack at a much greater stress than for PFZ. No delamination between the residual glass layer and graded zirconia occurred in any of the tests. Combined with its enhanced resistance to edge chipping and good esthetic quality, graded Y-TZP emerges as a viable material concept for dental restorations. (C) 2014 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chai, Herzl] Tel Aviv Univ, Fac Engn, Sch Mech Engn, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Lee, James J. -W.] NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mieleszko, Adam J.; Chu, Stephen J.] New York Ctr Specialized Dent, New York, NY 10155 USA.
[Chu, Stephen J.] Columbia Univ, Coll Dent Med, Dept Prosthodont, New York, NY 10032 USA.
[Zhang, Yu] NYU, Coll Dent, Dept Biomat & Biomimet, New York, NY 10010 USA.
RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), NYU, Coll Dent, Dept Biomat & Biomimet, 345 East 24th St,Room 813C, New York, NY 10010 USA.
EM yz21@nyu.edu
FU United States National Institutes of Health [2R01 DE017925]; United
States National Science Foundation [CMMI-0758530]; Israeli Science
Foundation (ISF) [810/09]
FX This work was sponsored by funding from the United States National
Institutes of Health (Principal Investigator Y.Z., Grant 2R01 DE017925),
the United States National Science Foundation (Principal Investigator
Y.Z., Grant CMMI-0758530), and the Israeli Science Foundation (Principal
Investigator H.C., ISF Grant No. 810/09).
NR 48
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1742-7061
EI 1878-7568
J9 ACTA BIOMATER
JI Acta Biomater.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 8
BP 3756
EP 3761
DI 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.04.016
PG 6
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA AL9KH
UT WOS:000339459500038
PM 24769152
ER
PT J
AU Meinen, CS
Garzoli, SL
AF Meinen, Christopher S.
Garzoli, Silvia L.
TI Attribution of Deep Western Boundary Current variability at 26.5 degrees
N
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Deep Western Boundary Current; MOC; PIES; Volume transport; North
Atlantic Ocean; Variability
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; SUBTROPICAL NORTH-ATLANTIC; INVERTED
ECHO SOUNDERS; 26.5 DEGREES N; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; TRANSPORT
VARIABILITY; ROSSBY WAVES; OCEAN; BAHAMAS; ALTIMETRY
AB Observed variations in the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) at 26.5 degrees N, which carries the deep limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC), have been shown to greatly exceed in magnitude the variations of the overall basin-wide MOC, with strong variability at a range of time scales from weeks to multiple-months. Attribution of these strong DWBC variations will be crucial for understanding variations in the MOC itself. Nevertheless, despite many years of moored observations of the DWBC at 26.5 degrees N, understanding of these variations has been elusive. Two years of observations from a high horizontal resolution array of pressure-equipped inverted echo sounders are used together with output from a modern high-resolution numerical model to investigate the mechanisms behind these +/- 20 x 10(6) m(3) s(-1) volume transport variations. The model and observational results together suggest that the strongest variations cannot be explained solely via either of the two most commonly proposed mechanisms - meandering or pulsation of the DWBC. The dominant mechanism appears to be propagation of Rossby Wave-like structures into the region from the east, and it is the impact of these features in the region that yield the largest transport anomalies. These waves have been observed and discussed in the past - however their key role as the dominant source of DWBC variability has not previously been recognized. The implications of these results are also discussed in the context of future observing systems for the DWBC. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Meinen, Christopher S.; Garzoli, Silvia L.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Garzoli, Silvia L.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Meinen, CS (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM Christopher.Meinen@noaa.gov
RI Meinen, Christopher/G-1902-2012; Garzoli, Silvia/A-3556-2010
OI Meinen, Christopher/0000-0002-8846-6002; Garzoli,
Silvia/0000-0003-3553-2253
FU NOAA Climate Program Office; Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory; NSF Physical Oceanography Program [OCE0241438, OCE0728108]
FX The authors would like to express their appreciation to the ship
officers and crew of the R/V Seward Johnson, R/V Cape Hatteras, and the
NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown for their assistance in maintaining the NOAA
Western Boundary Time Series - Deep Western Boundary Current array
during this time period. Support for this study was provided by the NOAA
Climate Program Office and the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory, with some additional piggy-back ship time provided on
cruises funded by the NSF Physical Oceanography Program (Grants
OCE0241438 and OCE0728108). Qi Yao and Rigoberto Garcia provided
outstanding assistance in processing and analyzing the data used herein,
Francis Bringas aided in obtaining the altimetry data, and the NOAA-AOML
Physical Oceanography Division instrumentation group provided
operational assistance deploying and recovering the instruments. The
OFES model output was kindly provided by Hide Sasaki at JAMSTEC. Greg
Foltz, George Halliwell and two anonymous reviewers provided several
helpful comments for improving earlier versions of this manuscript.
NR 43
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Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
EI 1879-0119
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 90
BP 81
EP 90
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2014.04.016
PG 10
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AL2TN
UT WOS:000338978400008
ER
PT J
AU Brown, CW
Uz, SS
Corliss, BH
AF Brown, Christopher W.
Uz, Stephanie Schollaert
Corliss, Bruce H.
TI Seasonality of oceanic primary production and its interannual
variability from 1998 to 2007
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Seasonality; Episodicity; Oceanic primary productivity; Satellite ocean
color radiometry
ID CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATION; 1997-98 EL-NINO; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC;
TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; CARBON FLUXES; GLOBAL OCEAN; WARM POOL; SEA;
ATLANTIC; CLIMATE
AB The seasonality of primary productivity plays an important role in nutrient and carbon cycling. We quantify the seasonality of satellite-derived, oceanic net primary production (NPP) and its interannual variability during the first decade of the SeaWiFS mission (1998 to 2007) using a normalized seasonality index (NSI). The NSI, which is based upon production half-time, t(1/2), generally becomes progressively more episodic with increasing latitude in open ocean waters, spanning from a relatively constant rate of primary productivity throughout the year (mean t(1/2) similar to 5 months) in subtropical waters to more pulsed events (mean t(1/2) similar to 3 months) in subpolar waters. This relatively gradual, poleward pattern in NSI differs from recent estimates of phytoplankton bloom duration, another measure of seasonality, at lower latitudes (similar to 40 degrees S-40 degrees N). These differences likely reflect the temporal component of production assessed by each metric, with NSI able to more fully capture the irregular nature of production characteristic of waters in this zonal band. The interannual variability in NSI was generally low, with higher variability observed primarily in frontal and seasonal upwelling zones. The influence of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation on this variability was clearly evident, particularly in the equatorial Pacific, where primary productivity was anomalously episodic from the date line east to the coast of South America in 1998. Yearly seasonality and the magnitude of annual production were generally positively correlated at mid-latitudes and negatively correlated at tropical latitudes, particularly in a region bordering the Pacific equatorial divergence. This implies that increases of annual production in the former region are attained over the course of a year by shorter duration but higher magnitude NPP events, while in the latter areas it results from an increased frequency or duration of similar magnitude events. Statistically significant trends in the seasonality, both positive and negative, were detected in various patches. We suggest that NSI be used together with other phenomenological characteristics of phytoplankton biomass and productivity, such as the timing of bloom initiation and duration, as a means to remotely quantify phytoplankton seasonality and monitor the response of the oceanic ecosystem to environmental variability and climate change. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Brown, Christopher W.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
[Brown, Christopher W.; Uz, Stephanie Schollaert] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Corliss, Bruce H.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Div Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Brown, CW (reprint author), Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, Suite 4001,M Square Off Bldg,5825 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM christopher.w.brown@noaa.gov
RI Brown, Christopher/B-8213-2008
OI Brown, Christopher/0000-0002-9905-6391
FU Center for Satellite Applications and Research of the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
FX We thank the Ocean Biology Processing Group at the Goddard Space Flight
Center, Greenbelt, MD, for the production and distribution of the
SeaWiFS imagery, and the NASA Ocean Color MEASURES project, the
University of Santa Barbara, and Oregon State University for generating
and distributing the NPP data. CWB thanks Robert O'Malley and Stephane
Maritorena for assistance with the NPP data, Mathew Sapiano for
statistical advice and assistance in generating figures, Patrick Meyer
for assistance with MATLAB, and Anand Gnanadesikan, Ian Walsh, Ken
Johnson, and Bob Vaillancourt for valuable discussion. We also thank
three anonymous reviewers for offering suggestions that improved an
earlier version of this manuscript. This study was supported by the
Center for Satellite Applications and Research of the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The views, opinions, and findings
contained in this report are those of the authors and should not be
construed as an official NOAA or U.S. Government position, policy, or
decision.
NR 59
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 9
U2 52
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
EI 1879-0119
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 90
BP 166
EP 175
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2014.05.009
PG 10
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AL2TN
UT WOS:000338978400015
ER
PT J
AU Ehrlich, C
AF Ehrlich, Charles
TI Terminological aspects of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in
Measurement (GUM)
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE GUM; terminology; uncertainty
AB The Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) provided for the first time an international consensus on how to approach the widespread difficulties associated with conveying information about how reliable the value resulting from a measurement is thought to be.
This paper examines the evolution in thinking and its impact on the terminology that accompanied the development of the GUM. Particular emphasis is put on the very clear distinction in the GUM between measurement uncertainty and measurement error, and on the reasons that even though 'true value' and 'error' are considered in the GUM to be 'unknowable' and, sometimes by implication, of little (or even no) use in measurement analysis, they remain as key concepts, especially when considering the objective of measurement.
While probability theory in measurement analysis from a frequentist perspective was in widespread use prior to the publication of the GUM, a key underpinning principle of the GUM was to instead consider probability as a 'degree of belief.' The terminological changes necessary to make this transition are also covered.
Even twenty years after the publication of the GUM, the scientific and metrology literatures sometimes contain uncertainty analyses, or discussions of measurement uncertainty, that are not terminologically consistent with the GUM, leading to the inability of readers to fully understand what has been done and what is intended in the associated measurements. This paper concludes with a discussion of the importance of using proper methodology and terminology for reporting measurement results.
C1 NIST, Int Legal Metrol Program, Off Weights & Measures, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ehrlich, C (reprint author), NIST, Int Legal Metrol Program, Off Weights & Measures, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM charles.ehrlich@nist.gov
NR 12
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
EI 1681-7575
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 4
BP S145
EP S154
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/51/4/S145
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AL6IG
UT WOS:000339235200002
ER
PT J
AU Possolo, A
AF Possolo, Antonio
TI Statistical models and computation to evaluate measurement uncertainty
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE measurement model; observation equation; Monte Carlo methods; Bayesian
methods; calibration; interlaboratory study; Key comparison
ID DISTRIBUTIONS; PARAMETERS; EQUATIONS; DNA
AB In the course of the twenty years since the publication of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM), the recognition has been steadily growing of the value that statistical models and statistical computing bring to the evaluation of measurement uncertainty, and of how they enable its probabilistic interpretation. These models and computational methods can address all the problems originally discussed and illustrated in the GUM, and enable addressing other, more challenging problems, that measurement science is facing today and that it is expected to face in the years ahead.
These problems that lie beyond the reach of the techniques in the GUM include (i) characterizing the uncertainty associated with the assignment of value to measurands of greater complexity than, or altogether different in nature from, the scalar or vectorial measurands entertained in the GUM: for example, sequences of nucleotides in DNA, calibration functions and optical and other spectra, spatial distribution of radioactivity over a geographical region, shape of polymeric scaffolds for bioengineering applications, etc; (ii) incorporating relevant information about the measurand that predates or is otherwise external to the measurement experiment; (iii) combining results from measurements of the same measurand that are mutually independent, obtained by different methods or produced by different laboratories.
This review of several of these statistical models and computational methods illustrates some of the advances that they have enabled, and in the process invites a reflection on the interesting historical fact that these very same models and methods, by and large, were already available twenty years ago, when the GUM was first published-but then the dialogue between metrologists, statisticians and mathematicians was still in bud. It is in full bloom today, much to the benefit of all.
C1 NIST, Stat Engn Div, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Possolo, A (reprint author), NIST, Stat Engn Div, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM antonio.possolo@nist.gov
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
EI 1681-7575
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 4
BP S228
EP S236
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/51/4/S228
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AL6IG
UT WOS:000339235200012
ER
PT J
AU van Zee, RD
Spinler, S
AF van Zee, Roger D.
Spinler, Stefan
TI Real option valuation of public sector R&D investments with a
down-and-out barrier option
SO TECHNOVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Down-and-out barrier; Publically funded R&D; Real options; Risk
management; Stretched trinomial lattice
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; MODEL; RISK; UNCERTAINTY; MANAGEMENT; INNOVATION;
DESIGN; FIRMS
AB This paper presents a real options approach for valuing public-sector research and development projects, using a down-and-out barrier option. Specifically, it considers the potential savings to the tax payer for investing in technology to be purchased by a national government. The valuation is performed with stretched trinomial lattices. Government-driven demand for this technology is equated with the underlying asset, and valuation measured in terms of potential government savings. Two variables, volatility of demand for the technology and unit cost, are treated as uncertain. A Monte Carlo simulation is performed to understand the effects of these variables on the valuation. Other variables are estimated, and a parametric analysis is performed to understand the effects of these variables. To illustrate how this approach' could be used, the development of a new sensor, to be used in large networks that track greenhouse gas fluxes, is considered as an example. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [van Zee, Roger D.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Spinler, Stefan] Kuehne Fdn, WHU, Endowed Chair Logist Management, Otto Beisheim Sch Management, D-56179 Vallendar, Germany.
RP Spinler, S (reprint author), Kuehne Fdn, WHU, Endowed Chair Logist Management, Otto Beisheim Sch Management, Burgpl 2, D-56179 Vallendar, Germany.
EM roger.vanzee@nist.gov; sspinler@whu.edu
NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-4972
EI 1879-2383
J9 TECHNOVATION
JI Technovation
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 8
SI SI
BP 477
EP 484
DI 10.1016/j.technovation.2013.06.005
PG 8
WC Engineering, Industrial; Management; Operations Research & Management
Science
SC Engineering; Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management
Science
GA AL5BY
UT WOS:000339149700009
ER
PT J
AU Li, D
AF Li, Dan
TI Assessing the impact of interannual variability of precipitation and
potential evaporation on evapotranspiration
SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Budyko; Evapotranspiration; Precipitation; Potential evaporation;
Interannual variability; Stochastic soil moisture model
ID MEAN ANNUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; ENERGY BALANCE FRAMEWORKS;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; WATER-BALANCE; SOIL-MOISTURE;
ECOSYSTEMS; STREAMFLOW; FLUXES; SEASONALITY
AB The impact of interannual variability of precipitation and potential evaporation on the long-term mean annual evapotranspiration as well as on the interannual variability of evapotranspiration is studied using a stochastic soil moisture model within the Budyko framework. Results indicate that given the same long-term mean annual precipitation and potential evaporation, including interannual variability of precipitation and potential evaporation reduces the long-term mean annual evapotranspiration. This reduction effect is mostly prominent when the dryness index (i.e., the ratio of potential evaporation to precipitation) is within the range from 0.5 to 2. The maximum reductions in the evaporation ratio (i.e., the ratio of evapotranspiration to precipitation) can reach 8-10% for a range of coefficient of variation (CV) values for precipitation and potential evaporation. The relations between the maximum reductions and the CV values of precipitation and potential evaporation follow power laws. Hence the larger the interannual variability of precipitation and potential evaporation becomes, the larger the reductions in the evaporation ratio will be. The inclusion of interannual variability of precipitation and potential evaporation also increases the interannual variability of evapotranspiration. It is found that the interannual variability of daily rainfall depth and that of the frequency of daily rainfall events have quantitatively different impacts on the interannual variability of evapotranspiration; and they also interact differently with the interannual variability of potential evaporation. The results presented in this study demonstrate the importance of understanding the role of interannual variability of precipitation and potential evaporation in land surface hydrology under a warming climate. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Dan] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Li, D (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM danl@princeton.edu
RI Li, Dan /G-5794-2015
FU NOAA (U.S. Department of Commerce) [NA08OAR4320752]; Carbon Mitigation
Initiative at Princeton University - BP
FX Support from the NOAA (U.S. Department of Commerce) grant NA08OAR4320752
and the Carbon Mitigation Initiative at Princeton University, sponsored
by BP is acknowledged. The statements, findings, and conclusions are
those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
NOAA, the U.S. Department of Commerce or BP. I would like to thank
Professor Ignacio Rodriguez-Iturbe from Princeton University for
constructive suggestions. I also want to thank Maofeng Liu, Bo Guo and
Ming Pan from Princeton University, RuijieZeng from University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Xue Feng from Duke University, and Zhentao
Cong from Tsinghua University for valuable discussions. The three
reviewers whose comments have led to significant improvements of the
manuscript are greatly acknowledged.
NR 63
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0309-1708
EI 1872-9657
J9 ADV WATER RESOUR
JI Adv. Water Resour.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 70
BP 1
EP 11
DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2014.04.012
PG 11
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AL0GJ
UT WOS:000338805100001
ER
PT J
AU Saylor, RD
Wolfe, GM
Meyers, TP
Hicks, BB
AF Saylor, Rick D.
Wolfe, Glenn M.
Meyers, Tilden P.
Hicks, Bruce B.
TI A corrected formulation of the Multi layer Model (MLM) for inferring
gaseous dry deposition to vegetated surfaces
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Dry deposition; Nitric acid; Sulfur dioxide; Ozone; Multi-layer model;
Canopy; CASTNet
ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETER; CLEAN-AIR STATUS; TRENDS NETWORK; HNO3;
ATMOSPHERE; SULFUR
AB The Multilayer Model (MLM) has been used for many years to infer dry deposition fluxes from measured trace species concentrations and standard meteorological measurements for national networks in the U.S., including the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNet). MLM utilizes a resistance analogy to calculate deposition velocities appropriate for whole vegetative canopies, while employing a multilayer integration to account for vertically varying meteorology, canopy morphology and radiative transfer within the canopy. However, the MLM formulation, as it was originally presented and as it has been subsequently employed, contains a non-physical representation related to the leaf-level quasi-laminar boundary layer resistance that affects the calculation of the total canopy resistance. In this note, the non-physical representation of the canopy resistance as originally formulated in MLM is discussed and a revised, physically consistent, formulation is suggested as a replacement. The revised canopy resistance formulation reduces estimates of HNO3 deposition velocities by as much as 38% during mid-day as compared to values generated by the original formulation. Inferred deposition velocities for SO2 and O-3 are not significantly altered by the change in formulation (<3%). Inferred deposition loadings of oxidized and total nitrogen from CASTNet data may be reduced by 10 20% and 5-10%, respectively, for the Eastern U. S. when employing the revised formulation of MLM as compared to the original formulation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
C1 [Saylor, Rick D.; Meyers, Tilden P.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Wolfe, Glenn M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Wolfe, Glenn M.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Hicks, Bruce B.] Metcorps, Norris, TN 37828 USA.
RP Saylor, RD (reprint author), NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, 456 S Illinois Ave, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
EM Rick.Saylor@noaa.gov
RI Wolfe, Glenn/D-5289-2011; Meyers, Tilden/C-6633-2016
FU U.S. Weather Research Program within the NOAA/OAR Office of Weather and
Air Quality
FX One author (RS) performed this work with support from the U.S. Weather
Research Program within the NOAA/OAR Office of Weather and Air Quality.
NR 21
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 92
BP 141
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.03.056
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AL0IO
UT WOS:000338810800015
ER
PT J
AU Flynn, CM
Pickering, KE
Crawford, JH
Lamsal, L
Krotkov, N
Herman, J
Weinheimer, A
Chen, G
Liu, X
Szykman, J
Tsay, SC
Loughner, C
Hains, J
Lee, P
Dickerson, RR
Stehr, JW
Brent, L
AF Flynn, Clare M.
Pickering, Kenneth E.
Crawford, James H.
Lamsal, Lok
Krotkov, Nickolay
Herman, Jay
Weinheimer, Andrew
Chen, Gao
Liu, Xiong
Szykman, James
Tsay, Si-Chee
Loughner, Christopher
Hains, Jennifer
Lee, Pius
Dickerson, Russell R.
Stehr, Jeffrey W.
Brent, Lacey
TI Relationship between column-density and surface mixing ratio:
Statistical analysis of O-3 and NO2 data from the July 2011 Maryland
DISCOVER-AQ mission
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Ozone; Nitrogen oxides; DISCOVER-AQ; Column-surface relationship;
Aircraft measurement campaign; Measurement-model comparison
ID TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; AIR-POLLUTANTS; UNITED-STATES; PART I; MODEL;
SATELLITE; POLLUTION; LAYER; OMI
AB To investigate the ability of column (or partial column) information to represent surface air quality, results of linear regression analyses between surface mixing ratio data and column abundances for O-3 and NO2 are presented for the July 2011 Maryland deployment of the DISCOVER-AQ mission. Data collected by the P-3B aircraft, ground-based Pandora spectrometers, Aura/OMI satellite instrument, and simulations for July 2011 from the CMAQ air quality model during this deployment provide a large and varied data set, allowing this problem to be approached from multiple perspectives. O-3 columns typically exhibited a statistically significant and high degree of correlation with surface data (R-2 > 0.64) in the P-3B data set, a moderate degree of correlation (0.16 < R-2 < 0.64) in the CMAQ data set, and a low degree of correlation (R-2 < 0.16) in the Pandora and OMI data sets. NO2 columns typically exhibited a low to moderate degree of correlation with surface data in each data set. The results of linear regression analyses for O-3 exhibited smaller errors relative to the observations than NO2 regressions. These results suggest that O-3 partial column observations from future satellite instruments with sufficient sensitivity to the lower troposphere can be meaningful for surface air quality analysis. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Flynn, Clare M.; Pickering, Kenneth E.; Dickerson, Russell R.; Stehr, Jeffrey W.; Brent, Lacey] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Pickering, Kenneth E.; Krotkov, Nickolay; Tsay, Si-Chee] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Crawford, James H.; Chen, Gao] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA.
[Lamsal, Lok] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, GESTAR, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Herman, Jay] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, UMBC, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Weinheimer, Andrew] NCAR Atmospher Chem Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Liu, Xiong] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Szykman, James] EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC USA.
[Loughner, Christopher] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ESSIC, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Hains, Jennifer] Maryland Dept Environm, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
[Lee, Pius] NOAA Air Resources Lab, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Flynn, CM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM cflynn@atmos.umd.edu
RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014; Krotkov, Nickolay/E-1541-2012; Lee,
Pius/D-5201-2016; Pickering, Kenneth/E-6274-2012; Dickerson,
Russell/F-2857-2010;
OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X; Krotkov, Nickolay/0000-0001-6170-6750;
Dickerson, Russell/0000-0003-0206-3083; Herman, Jay/0000-0002-9146-1632;
Loughner, Christopher/0000-0002-3833-2014
FU NASA Earth Venture-1 DISCOVER-AQ project [NNX10AR39G]
FX Funding for this work was provided by the NASA Earth Venture-1
DISCOVER-AQ project (NASA Grant NNX10AR39G). The authors thank Donald
Lenschow for providing estimates of PBL height during the deployment.
NR 34
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U1 4
U2 44
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 92
BP 429
EP 441
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.04.041
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AL0IO
UT WOS:000338810800045
ER
PT J
AU De Paoli, SH
Diduch, LL
Tegegn, TZ
Orecna, M
Strader, MB
Karnaukhova, E
Bonevich, JE
Holada, K
Simak, J
AF De Paoli, Silvia H.
Diduch, Lukas L.
Tegegn, Tseday Z.
Orecna, Martina
Strader, Michael B.
Karnaukhova, Elena
Bonevich, John E.
Holada, Karel
Simak, Jan
TI The effect of protein corona composition on the interaction of carbon
nanotubes with human blood platelets
SO BIOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon nanotubes; Nanoparticles; Platelets; Biocompatibility;
Nanotoxicity; Protein corona
ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; HUMAN FIBRINOGEN;
DRUG-DELIVERY; CALCIUM-ENTRY; SURFACE; NANOPARTICLES; ADSORPTION;
ALBUMIN; BINDING
AB Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are one of the most promising nanomaterials for use in medicine. The blood biocompatibility of CNT is a critical safety issue. In the bloodstream, proteins bind to CNT through non-covalent interactions to form a protein corona, thereby largely defining the biological properties of the CNT. Here, we characterize the interactions of carboxylated-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTCOOH) with common human proteins and investigate the effect of the different protein coronas on the interaction of CNTCOOH with human blood platelets (PLT). Molecular modeling and different photophysical techniques were employed to characterize the binding of albumin (HSA), fibrinogen (FBG), gamma-globulins (IgG) and histone H1 (H1) on CNTCOOH. We found that the identity of protein forming the corona greatly affects the outcome of CNTCOOH's interaction with blood PLT. Bare CNTCOOH-induced PLT aggregation and the release of platelet membrane microparticles (PMP). HSA corona attenuated the PLT aggregating activity of CNTCOOH, while FBG caused the agglomeration of CNTCOOH nanomaterial, thereby diminishing the effect of CNTCOOH on PLT. In contrast, the IgG corona caused PLT fragmentation, and the NI corona induced a strong PLT aggregation, thus potentiating the release of PMP. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [De Paoli, Silvia H.; Tegegn, Tseday Z.; Orecna, Martina; Strader, Michael B.; Karnaukhova, Elena; Simak, Jan] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
[Holada, Karel] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med 1, Inst Microbiol & Immunol, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Diduch, Lukas L.; Bonevich, John E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Simak, J (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
EM jan.simak@fda.hhs.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Ministry
of Education, Youth and Sports of Czech Republic [LH12014]; Charles
University in Prague [PRVOUK-P24/LF1/3]; FDA CORES
FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research
Participation Program at the Center for Biologics Evaluation and
Research administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and
Education through and interagency agreement between the U.S. Department
of Energy and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. In addition, the
study was supported in part by the grant LH12014 of the Ministry of
Education, Youth and Sports of Czech Republic. KH was supported by
project of Charles University in Prague: PRVOUK-P24/LF1/3. The study was
supported by FDA CORES.
NR 54
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U1 1
U2 66
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0142-9612
EI 1878-5905
J9 BIOMATERIALS
JI Biomaterials
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 35
IS 24
BP 6182
EP 6194
DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.04.067
PG 13
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA AL0GD
UT WOS:000338804500005
PM 24831972
ER
PT J
AU Dietrich, JP
Van Gaest, AL
Strickland, SA
Arkoosh, MR
AF Dietrich, Joseph P.
Van Gaest, Ahna L.
Strickland, Stacy A.
Arkoosh, Mary R.
TI The impact of temperature stress and pesticide exposure on mortality and
disease susceptibility of endangered Pacific salmon
SO CHEMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Salmon; Malathion; Disease susceptibility; Temperature; Multiple
stressors
ID JUVENILE COHO SALMON; CHINOOK SALMON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RIVER TEMPERATURE;
RISK-ASSESSMENT; TOXICITY; CONSERVATION; MIXTURES; INSECTICIDES;
ECOSYSTEMS
AB Anthropogenic stressors, including chemical contamination and temperature stress, may contribute to increased disease susceptibility in aquatic animals. Specifically, the organophosphate pesticide malathion has been detected in surface waters inhabited by threatened and endangered salmon. In the presence of increasing water temperatures, malathion may increase susceptibility to disease and ultimately threaten salmon survival. This work examines the effect of acute and sublethal exposures to malathion on ocean-type subyearling Chinook salmon held under two temperature regimes. Chinook salmon were exposed to malathion at optimal (11 degrees C) or elevated (19 and 20 degrees C) temperatures. The influence of temperature on the acute toxicity of malathion was determined by generating 96-h lethal concentration (LC) curves. A disease challenge assay was also used to assess the effects of sublethal malathion exposure. The malathion concentration that resulted in 50% mortality (LC50: 274.1 mu g L-1) of the Chinook salmon at 19 degrees C was significantly less than the LC50 at 11 degrees C (364.2 mu g L-1). Mortality increased 11.2% in Chinook salmon exposed to malathion at the elevated temperature and challenged with Aeromonas salmonicida compared to fish held at the optimal temperature and exposed to malathion or the carrier control. No difference in disease challenge mortality was observed among malathion-exposed and unexposed fish at the optimal temperature. The interaction of co-occurring stressors may have a greater impact on salmon than if they occur in isolation. Ecological risk assessments considering the effects of an individual stressor on threatened and endangered salmon may underestimate risk when additional stressors are present in the environment. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Dietrich, Joseph P.; Van Gaest, Ahna L.; Strickland, Stacy A.; Arkoosh, Mary R.] NOAA, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Dietrich, JP (reprint author), NOAA, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2032 SE OSU Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM joseph.dietrich@noaa.gov; vangaest@gmail.com; sas70@me.com;
mary.arkoosh@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Protected
Resources
FX Funds were provided internally by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Office of Protected Resources. Individuals at the Office
of Protected Resources provided input into study design and objectives,
but did not participate in the collection, analysis, interpretation of
the data, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to submit the
manuscript. All experiments with the lab-raised salmon were in
accordance with the U.S. Government Principles for the Utilization and
Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing. Research. and Training for
the humane treatment of fish to alleviate suffering.
NR 52
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0045-6535
EI 1879-1298
J9 CHEMOSPHERE
JI Chemosphere
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 108
BP 353
EP 359
DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.01.079
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AJ7MU
UT WOS:000337881600046
PM 24559935
ER
PT J
AU Wan, ZM
Hong, Y
Khan, S
Gourley, J
Flamig, Z
Kirschbaum, D
Tang, GQ
AF Wan, Zhanming
Hong, Yang
Khan, Sadiq
Gourley, Jonathan
Flamig, Zachary
Kirschbaum, Dalia
Tang, Guoqiang
TI A cloud-based global flood disaster community cyber-infrastructure:
Development and demonstration
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Flood; Cloud; Crowdsourcing; Web GIS
AB Flood disasters have significant impacts on the development of communities globally. This study describes a public cloud-based flood cyber-infrastructure (CyberFlood) that collects, organizes, visualizes, and manages several global flood databases for authorities and the public in real-time, providing location-based eventful visualization as well as statistical analysis and graphing capabilities. In order to expand and update the existing flood inventory, a crowdsourcing data collection methodology is employed for the public with smartphones or Internet to report new flood events, which is also intended to engage citizen-scientists so that they may become motivated and educated about the latest developments in satellite remote sensing and hydrologic modeling technologies. Our shared vision is to better serve the global water community with comprehensive flood information, aided by the state-of-the-art cloud computing and crowd-sourcing technology. The CyberFlood presents an opportunity to eventually modernize the existing paradigm used to collect, manage, analyze, and visualize water-related disasters. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wan, Zhanming; Hong, Yang; Khan, Sadiq] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Wan, Zhanming; Hong, Yang; Khan, Sadiq; Flamig, Zachary] Natl Weather Ctr, Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing Lab HyDROS, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Wan, Zhanming; Hong, Yang; Khan, Sadiq; Flamig, Zachary] Natl Weather Ctr, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Gourley, Jonathan; Flamig, Zachary] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Natl Weather Ctr, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Kirschbaum, Dalia] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Tang, Guoqiang] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Hydraul Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Hong, Y (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, Adv Radar Res Ctr, HyDROS Lab, 4610 Suites,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM zwan@ou.edu; yanghong@ou.edu
RI Gourley, Jonathan/C-7929-2016; Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009;
OI Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755; Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X;
Tang, Guoqiang/0000-0002-0923-583X
FU Hydrometeorology & Remote Sensing Lab (HyDROS); Advanced Radar Research
Center (ARRC) at the University of Oklahoma
FX The first author would like to acknowledge the seed money support from
Hydrometeorology & Remote Sensing Lab (HyDROS) and Advanced Radar
Research Center (ARRC) at the University of Oklahoma.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-8152
EI 1873-6726
J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW
JI Environ. Modell. Softw.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 58
BP 86
EP 94
DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.04.007
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AL0OI
UT WOS:000338825800007
ER
PT J
AU Amengual, A
Homar, V
Romero, R
Brooks, HE
Ramis, C
Gordaliza, M
Alonso, S
AF Amengual, A.
Homar, V.
Romero, R.
Brooks, H. E.
Ramis, C.
Gordaliza, M.
Alonso, S.
TI Projections of heat waves with high impact on human health in Europe
SO GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Heat waves; Human health; Physiologically equivalent
temperature; Regional climate modeling; Statistical adjustment; Ensemble
strategy
ID PHYSIOLOGICAL EQUIVALENT TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE MODEL OUTPUTS; THERMAL
COMFORT; SIMULATIONS; MORTALITY; HEATWAVES; SUMMER; INDEX; 21ST-CENTURY;
ENVIRONMENTS
AB Climate change will result in more intense, more frequent and longer lasting heat waves. The most hazardous conditions emerge when extreme daytime temperatures combine with warm night-time temperatures, high humidities and light winds for several consecutive days. Here, we assess present and future heat wave impacts on human health in Europe. Present daily physiologically equivalent temperatures (PET) are derived from the ERA-Interim reanalysis. PET allows to specifically focus on heat-related risks on humans. Regarding projections, a suite of high-resolution regional climate models - run under SRES A1B scenario - has been used. A quantile-quantile adjustment is applied to the daily simulated PET to correct biases in individual model climatologies and a multimodel ensemble strategy is adopted to encompass model errors. Two types of heat waves differently impacting human health - strong and extreme stress - are defined according to specified thresholds of thermal stress and duration. Heat wave number, frequency, duration and amplitude are derived for each type. Results reveal relatively strong correlations between the spatial distribution of strong and extreme heat wave amplitudes and mortality excess for the 2003 European summer. Projections suggest a steady increase and a northward extent of heat wave attributes in Europe. Strong stress heat wave frequencies could increase more than 40 days, lasting over 20 days more by 2075-2094. Amplitudes might augment up to 7 degrees C per heat wave day. Important increases in extreme stress heat wave attributes are also expected: up to 40 days in frequency, 30 days in duration and 4 degrees C in amplitude. We believe that with this information at hand policy makers and stake-holders on vulnerable populations to heat stress can respond more effectively to the future challenges imposed by climate warming. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Amengual, A.; Homar, V.; Romero, R.; Ramis, C.; Alonso, S.] Univ Illes Balears, Dept Fis, Grp Meteorol, Palma De Mallorca, Mallorca, Spain.
[Brooks, H. E.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Gordaliza, M.] Univ Salamanca, Fac Farm, Inst Estudios Ciencia & Tecnol, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
[Alonso, S.] Inst Mediterrani Estudis Avancats, Dept Recerca Canvi Global, Palma De Mallorca, Mallorca, Spain.
RP Amengual, A (reprint author), Univ Illes, Dept Fis, Palma De Mallorca 07122, Mallorca, Spain.
EM arnau.amengual@uib.es
RI Homar Santaner, Victor/K-2678-2014; Amengual, Arnau/L-2783-2014
OI Homar Santaner, Victor/0000-0003-1459-2003;
FU Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Inovacion [CGL2008-01271/CLI,
CGL2011-24458]; ESTCENA [200800050084078]; Plan Nacional de I+D+i -
Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino; European Commission
[GOCE-CT-2003-505539]
FX Two anonymous reviewers are acknowledged for their valuable comments
which helped to improve the quality of this manuscript. Drs. Jean-Marie
Robine and Francois Richard Herrmann are deeply acknowledged for
providing mortality data. Prof. Andreas Matzarakis is also acknowledged
for providing the Ray Man-Pro model. The scientific results and
conclusions, as well as any views or opinions expressed herein, are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA
or the Department of Commerce. This work has been partially sponsored by
the CGL2008-01271/CLI (MEDICANES) and CGL2011-24458 (PREDIMED) projects
from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Inovacion; and by ESTCENA
project (200800050084078), a strategic action from Plan Nacional de
I+D+i 2008-11 funded by Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y
Marino. The authors also acknowledge the ENSEMBLES project, funded by
the European Commission's 6th Framework Programme, through contract
GOCE-CT-2003-505539.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-8181
EI 1872-6364
J9 GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE
JI Glob. Planet. Change
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 119
BP 71
EP 84
DI 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.05.006
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AL2TR
UT WOS:000338978900006
ER
PT J
AU Fox, DM
Novy, M
Brown, K
Zammarano, M
Harris, RH
Murariu, M
McCarthy, ED
Seppala, JE
Gilman, JW
AF Fox, Douglas M.
Novy, Melissa
Brown, Karlena
Zammarano, Mauro
Harris, Richard H., Jr.
Murariu, Marius
McCarthy, Edward D.
Seppala, Jonathan E.
Gilman, Jeffrey W.
TI Flame retarded poly(lactic acid) using POSS-modified cellulose. 2.
Effects of intumescing flame retardant formulations on polymer
degradation and composite physical properties
SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th European Meeting on Fire Retardancy and Protection of Materials
(FRPM)
CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2013
CL ENSC Lille, Lille, FRANCE
SP Univ Lille
HO ENSC Lille
DE Cellulose; Polylactide; Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane;
Crystallinity; Melt rheology; Tensile strength
ID POLYHEDRAL OLIGOMERIC SILSESQUIOXANES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; AMMONIUM
POLYPHOSPHATE; POLYLACTIC ACID; POLY(L-LACTIC ACID);
THERMAL-DEGRADATION; POLY(D-LACTIC ACID); FIBER COMPOSITES; MELT
RHEOLOGY; PLA RESEARCH
AB Poly(lactic acid), PLA, was extruded with intumescing flame retardant formulations based on ammonium polyphosphate, APP. Nanofibrillated cellulose fibers (NFC), POSS-modified NFC (PNFC), and pentaerythritol (PER) were used as the additional carbon source. The effects of each additive and their intumescing combinations on polymer degradation, flammability, crystallization, melt rheology, and tensile properties were systematically examined. APP and PER catalyzed the degradation of PLA during extrusion, which increased the crystallinity of PLA, lowered the viscosity of the melt, reduced the moduli, and decreased the tensile strength of the composite. APP had the largest effect on physical properties, acting as a nucleating agent, decreasing tensile strength, and increasing elongation to break. The POSS moieties on PNFC acted as a slight plasticizer in melt rheology studies, but did not affect the glass transition temperature. PNFC formed a cross-linked network with APP when melt-blended with PLA, which reduced polymer degradation, decreased PLA crystallinity, reduced the melt viscosity, and improved composite stiffness relative to the neat extruded PLA. The PLA composites containing APP and PNFC had the best tensile properties of all the intumescing composites studied. The cross-linked network formed between cellulose, POSS, and PLA helps produce composites with superior flame retardant, rheological, and mechanical properties relative to other intumescing formulations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fox, Douglas M.; Novy, Melissa; Brown, Karlena; Zammarano, Mauro] Amer Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
[Fox, Douglas M.; Zammarano, Mauro; Harris, Richard H., Jr.] NIST, Fire Res Div, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Murariu, Marius] Univ Mons, LPCM, Ctr Innovat & Res Mat & Polymers CIRMAP, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
[Murariu, Marius] Materia Nova Res Ctr, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
[McCarthy, Edward D.; Seppala, Jonathan E.; Gilman, Jeffrey W.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dfox@american.edu
FU NIST-EL Extramural Fire Research Grants Program [60NANB11D174]; U. S.
Air Force Office of Scientific Research [JWG:MIPR F1ATA03239G001 A1]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the NIST-EL Extramural
Fire Research Grants Program under Award No. 60NANB11D174 and by the U.
S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Award No. JWG:MIPR
F1ATA03239G001 A1. Research was carried out at the National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST), an agency of the U.S. government and by
statute is not subject to copyright in the United States. Certain
commercial equipment, instruments, materials or companies are identified
in this paper in order to adequately specify the experimental procedure.
Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation or
endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology or the
U.S. Air Force, nor is it intended to imply that the materials or
equipment identified are necessarily the best available for this
purpose.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0141-3910
EI 1873-2321
J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL
JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 106
SI SI
BP 54
EP 62
DI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.01.007
PG 9
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA AL0JS
UT WOS:000338813800007
ER
PT J
AU Zammarano, M
Matko, S
Pitts, WM
Fox, DM
Davis, RD
AF Zammarano, Mauro
Matko, Szabolcs
Pitts, William M.
Fox, Douglas M.
Davis, Rick D.
TI Towards a reference polyurethane foam and bench scale test for assessing
smoldering in upholstered furniture
SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 14th European Meeting on Fire Retardancy and Protection of Materials
(FRPM)
CY JUN 30-JUL 04, 2013
CL ENSC Lille, Lille, FRANCE
SP Univ Lille
HO ENSC Lille
DE Polyurethane; Foam; Smoldering; Upholstered furniture
ID COMBUSTION; TRANSITION; MODEL
AB Smoldering poses a severe fire hazard due to the potentially lethal amount of toxic carbon monoxide released, and the possible transition from smoldering to flaming (eventually leading to rapid fire growth and flash-over) with ignition sources otherwise too weak to directly induce flaming. Smoldering in residential-furniture upholstery materials can be assessed at a bench-scale by using reference materials with consistent smoldering behavior. However, the preparation of a reference foam has proven to be a challenging task, and the bench-scale tests currently in use may underestimate smoldering in actual furniture.
The aim of this work is to provide guidance for the selection/development of: (i) a reference flexible polyurethane foam with reproducible and well-characterized smoldering behavior, and; (ii) the development of a bench-scale smoldering test capable of identifying the upholstery materials (e.g., fabric, filling/padding, barrier, welt cord) that most likely prevent smoldering ignition in actual furniture.
In the first part of this paper, the impact of foam morphology on smoldering is discussed. It is shown how reticulated flexible polyurethane foams, possibly filled with carbon black, can be exploited as reference foam materials. Their fully open cell structure ensures consistent air permeability with an adjustable smoldering intensity as a function of their average cell size.
In the second part of this paper, a bench-scale smoldering test (currently employed in a number of test procedures and standards) is redesigned in such a way that the buoyant airflow within the foam is enhanced. Up to a three-fold increase in the rate of smoldering propagation and 400 degrees C increase in smoldering temperature is observed in the modified test as compared to the current tests. Transition to flaming was observed, only in the modified test, when an external enclosure was used. The modified test may offer a near-worst-case scenario, useful to identify the upholstery materials that prevent most smoldering ignitions independent of the construction and geometry of the actual furniture. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Zammarano, Mauro; Matko, Szabolcs; Pitts, William M.; Davis, Rick D.] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zammarano, Mauro; Fox, Douglas M.] Amer Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
EM mzam@nist.gov
FU The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
FX The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is acknowledged for
financial and technical support. The authors are grateful to J. R.
Shields, R. G. Gann and A. Hamins (NIST) for their contributions.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0141-3910
EI 1873-2321
J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL
JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 106
SI SI
BP 97
EP 107
DI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.12.010
PG 11
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA AL0JS
UT WOS:000338813800011
ER
PT J
AU Qiao, L
Hong, Y
McPherson, R
Shafer, M
Gade, D
Williams, D
Chen, S
Lilly, D
AF Qiao, Lei
Hong, Yang
McPherson, Renee
Shafer, Mark
Gade, David
Williams, David
Chen, Sheng
Lilly, Douglas
TI Climate Change and Hydrological Response in the Trans-State Oologah Lake
Watershed-Evaluating Dynamically Downscaled NARCCAP and Statistically
Downscaled CMIP3 Simulations with VIC Model
SO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; NARCCAP; Statistical downscaling; VIC; Oologah Lake
watershed
ID SOIL-MOISTURE; UNITED-STATES; RIVER-BASIN; PARAMETERIZATION;
PRECIPITATION; PERFORMANCE; SCHEMES; IMPACTS; PROJECT; RUNOFF
AB Statistically and dynamically downscaled climate projections are the two important data sources for evaluation of climate change and its impact on water availability, water quality and ecosystems. Though bias correction helps to adjust the climate model output to behave more similarly to observations, the hydrologic response still can be biased. This study uses Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model to evaluate the hydrologic response of the trans-state Oologah Lake watershed to climate change by using both statistically and dynamically downscaled multiple climate projections. Simulated historical and projected climate data from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) and Bias-Corrected and Spatially Downscaled-Coupled Model Intercomparison Phase 3 (BCSD-CMIP3) forced the hydrologic model. In addition, different river network upscaling methods are also compared for a higher VIC model performance. Evaluation and comparison shows the following the results. (1) From the hydrologic point of view, the dynamically downscaled NARCCAP projection performed better, most likely in capturing a larger portion of mesoscale-driven convective rainfall than the statistically downscaled CMIP3 projections; hence, the VIC model generated higher seasonal streamflow amplitudes that are closer to observations. Additionally, the statistically downscaled GCMs are less likely to capture the hydrological simulation probably due to missing integration of climate variables of wind, solar radiation and others, even though their precipitation and temperature are bias corrected to be more favorably than the NARCCAP simulations. (2) Future water availability (precipitation, runoff, and baseflow) in the watershed would increase annually by 3-4 %, suggested by both NARCCAP and BCSD-CMIP3. Temperature increases (2.5-3 degrees C) are much more consistent between the two types of climate projections both seasonally and annually. However, NARCCAP suggested 2-3 times higher seasonal variability of precipitation and other water fluxes than the BCSD-CMIP3 models. (3) The hydrologic performance could be used as a potential metric to comparatively differentiate climate models, since the land surface and atmosphere processes are considered integrally.
C1 [Qiao, Lei; Hong, Yang; Chen, Sheng] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Qiao, Lei; Hong, Yang; Chen, Sheng] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Qiao, Lei] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[McPherson, Renee; Shafer, Mark] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Climatol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[McPherson, Renee; Shafer, Mark] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Geog & Environm Sustainabil, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Gade, David; Williams, David; Lilly, Douglas] US Army Corps Engineers, Tulsa Dist, OK USA.
[Hong, Yang] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Hydraul Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Hong, Yang] Natl Weather Ctr, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing Lab Hydro Ou Edu, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Hong, Y (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing Lab Hydro Ou Edu, Suite 4610,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM yanghong@ou.edu
RI McPherson, Renee/H-6256-2016; Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009
OI McPherson, Renee/0000-0002-1497-9681; Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X
FU Responses to Climate Change program; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Institute for Water Resources; South Central Climate Science Center;
U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research was funded by the Responses to Climate Change program,
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Institute for Water Resources and the South
Central Climate Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey. We wish to thank
the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP)
for providing the data used in this paper. "Bias Corrected and
Downscaled WCRP CMIP3 Climate Projections" archive at
http://gdo-dcp.ucllnl.org/downscaled_cmip3_ projections/.
NR 47
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U1 4
U2 28
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-4741
EI 1573-1650
J9 WATER RESOUR MANAG
JI Water Resour. Manag.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 10
BP 3291
EP 3305
DI 10.1007/s11269-014-0678-z
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA AK8BC
UT WOS:000338651100035
ER
PT J
AU Vet, R
Artz, RS
Carou, S
AF Vet, Robert
Artz, Richard S.
Carou, Silvina
TI Preface to: A global assessment of precipitation chemistry and
deposition of sulfur, nitrogen, sea salt, base cations, organic acids,
acidity and pH, and phosphorus Preface
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Vet, Robert; Carou, Silvina] Environm Canada, Atmospher Sci & Technol Directorate, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Artz, Richard S.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Vet, R (reprint author), Environm Canada, Atmospher Sci & Technol Directorate, Toronto, ON, Canada.
EM Robert.Vet@ec.gc.ca
RI Artz, Richard/P-6371-2015; Aas, Wenche/K-6439-2012
OI Artz, Richard/0000-0002-1335-0697;
NR 2
TC 2
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U1 0
U2 17
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 93
SI SI
BP 1
EP 2
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.11.013
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AL0GM
UT WOS:000338805400001
ER
PT J
AU Vet, R
Artz, RS
Carou, S
Shaw, M
Ro, CU
Aas, W
Baker, A
Bowersox, VC
Dentener, F
Galy-Lacaux, C
Hou, A
Pienaar, JJ
Gillett, R
Forti, MC
Gromov, S
Hara, H
Khodzher, T
Mahowald, NM
Nickovic, S
Rao, PSP
Reid, NW
AF Vet, Robert
Artz, Richard S.
Carou, Silvina
Shaw, Mike
Ro, Chul-Un
Aas, Wenche
Baker, Alex
Bowersox, Van C.
Dentener, Frank
Galy-Lacaux, Corinne
Hou, Amy
Pienaar, Jacobus J.
Gillett, Robert
Cristina Forti, M.
Gromov, Sergey
Hara, Hiroshi
Khodzher, Tamara
Mahowald, Natalie M.
Nickovic, Slobodan
Rao, P. S. P.
Reid, Neville W.
TI A global assessment of precipitation chemistry and deposition of sulfur,
nitrogen, sea salt, base cations, organic acids, acidity and pH, and
phosphorus
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Precipitation chemistry; Deposition; Emissions; Major ions; Global
Atmosphere Watch; Assessment; pH
ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; SAO-PAULO METROPOLIS; AIR ACT AMENDMENTS;
ATMOSPHERIC REACTIVE NITROGEN; ACIDIFYING WET DEPOSITION; BROOK
EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; SOUTHERN INDIAN-OCEAN; MAJOR INORGANIC-IONS;
LONG-TERM TRENDS; LA PLATA RIVER
AB A global assessment of precipitation chemistry and deposition has been carried out under the direction of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Scientific Advisory Group for Precipitation Chemistry (SAG-PC). The assessment addressed three questions: (1) what do measurements and model estimates of precipitation chemistry and wet, dry and total deposition of sulfur, nitrogen, sea salt, base cations, organic acids, acidity, and phosphorus show globally and regionally? (2) has the wet deposition of major ions changed since 2000 (and, where information and data are available, since 1990) and (3) what are the major gaps and uncertainties in our knowledge? To that end, regionally-representative measurements for two 3-year-averaging periods, 2000-2002 and 2005-2007, were compiled worldwide. Data from the 2000-2002 averaging period were combined with 2001 ensemble-mean modeling results from 21 global chemical transport models produced in Phase 1 of the Coordinated Model Studies Activities of the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (TF HTAP). The measurement data and modeling results were used to generate global and regional maps of major ion concentrations in precipitation and deposition. A major product of the assessment is a database of quality assured ion concentration and wet deposition data gathered from regional and national monitoring networks. The database is available for download from the World Data Centre for Precipitation Chemistry (http://wdcpc.org/). The assessment concludes that global concentrations and deposition of sulfur and nitrogen are reasonably well characterized with levels generally highest near emission sources and more than an order of magnitude lower in areas largely free of anthropogenic influences. In many parts of the world, wet deposition of reduced nitrogen exceeds that of oxidized nitrogen and is increasing. Sulfur and nitrogen concentrations and deposition in North America and Europe have declined significantly in line with emission reduction policies. Major regions of the world, including South America, the more remote areas of North America, much of Asia, Africa, Oceania, polar regions, and all of the oceans, are inadequately sampled for all of the major ions in wet and dry deposition, and particularly so for phosphorus, organic forms of nitrogen, and weak acids including carbonates and organic acids. Measurement-based inferential estimates of dry deposition are limited to sulfur and some nitrogen in only a few regions of the world and methods are highly uncertain. The assessment concludes with recommendations to address major gaps and uncertainties in global ion concentration and deposition measurements. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vet, Robert; Carou, Silvina; Shaw, Mike; Ro, Chul-Un; Hou, Amy] Environm Canada, Atmospher Sci & Technol Directorate, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Artz, Richard S.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD USA.
[Aas, Wenche] Norwegian Inst Air Res NILU, Kjeller, Norway.
[Baker, Alex] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Bowersox, Van C.] World Meteorol Org Global Atmosphere Watch, QA SAC Amer, Champaign, IL USA.
[Dentener, Frank] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
[Galy-Lacaux, Corinne] Observ Midi Pyrenees, Lab Aerol, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
[Pienaar, Jacobus J.] North West Univ, Fac Nat Sci, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
[Gillett, Robert] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Aspendale, Vic, Australia.
[Cristina Forti, M.] Minist Ciencia Tecnol & Inovacao, Inst Nacl Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Gromov, Sergey] Inst Global Climate & Ecol, Moscow, Russia.
[Gromov, Sergey] RAS, Moscow 117901, Russia.
[Hara, Hiroshi] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Agr, Tokyo, Japan.
[Khodzher, Tamara] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Limnol Inst, Irkutsk 664003, Russia.
[Mahowald, Natalie M.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Nickovic, Slobodan] World Meteorol Org, Atmospher Res & Environm Branch AREB, Geneva, Switzerland.
[Rao, P. S. P.] Indian Inst Trop Meteorol, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
[Reid, Neville W.] Ontario Minist Environm, Toronto, ON M4V 1P5, Canada.
RP Vet, R (reprint author), Environm Canada, Atmospher Sci & Technol Directorate, Toronto, ON, Canada.
EM Robert.Vet@ec.gc.ca
RI Baker, Alex/D-1233-2011; Aas, Wenche/K-6439-2012; Mahowald,
Natalie/D-8388-2013; Artz, Richard/P-6371-2015
OI Baker, Alex/0000-0002-8365-8953; Mahowald, Natalie/0000-0002-2873-997X;
Artz, Richard/0000-0002-1335-0697
FU INSU/CNRS "Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers/Centre National
de Recherche Scientifique"; African universities; Acid Deposition
Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET); WMO/GAW Network of the India
Meteorological Department; Atmospheric Brown Cloud network; Integrated
Programme on Acidification of Chinese Terrestrial Systems (IMPACTS);
Russian Federation Precipitation Chemistry Composition Network;
Composition of Asian Deposition network; Taiwan Acid Deposition Network;
Australia Regional GAW Precipitation Chemistry Network; WMO/GAW Cape
Grim Baseline Air Pollution Station; UNECE Programmes; European
Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP); International Co-operative
Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on
Forests (ICP Forests); Norwegian Climate and Pollution agency; Swedish
Environmental Research Institute; U.S. National Atmospheric Deposition
Program's National Trends Network; Atmospheric Integrated Research
Monitoring Network; U.S. EPA Clean Air Status and Trends Network;
Canadian Air and Precipitation Monitoring Network; Reseau
d'echantillonnage des precipitations du Quebec; New Brunswick
Precipitation Monitoring Network; Alberta Precipitation Quality
Monitoring Program; British Columbia Precipitation Chemistry and
Sampling Network; Newfoundland Acid Precipitation Monitoring Network;
Nova Scotia Precipitation Study Network; INPE's (Instituto Nacional de
Pesquisas Espaciais) Earth Science System Center in Brazil (FAPESP)
[99/5204-4]; World Meteorological Organization; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration Air Resources Laboratory, North-West
University (Patchefstroom, South Africa); Environment Canada
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the many networks, institutions,
agencies and organizations from within and outside the World
Meteorological Organization system that contributed precipitation
chemistry and wet and dry deposition data to this assessment including:
the World Meteorological Organization Global Atmosphere Watch network
and its associated national and regional networks, IDAF (International
Global Atmospheric Chemistry/Deposition of Biogeochemically Important
Trace Species/Africa) supported by INSU/CNRS "Institut National des
Sciences de l'Univers/Centre National de Recherche Scientifique" and
African universities, the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East
Asia (EANET), WMO/GAW Network of the India Meteorological Department,
the Atmospheric Brown Cloud network, the Integrated Programme on
Acidification of Chinese Terrestrial Systems (IMPACTS), the Russian
Federation Precipitation Chemistry Composition Network, Composition of
Asian Deposition network, Taiwan Acid Deposition Network, Australia
Regional GAW Precipitation Chemistry Network, WMO/GAW Cape Grim Baseline
Air Pollution Station, the UNECE Programmes and their associated
partners: European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) and the
International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air
Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP Forests, special thanks to Oliver
Granke), the Norwegian Climate and Pollution agency, the Swedish
Environmental Research Institute, the U.S. National Atmospheric
Deposition Program's National Trends Network and Atmospheric Integrated
Research Monitoring Network, the U.S. EPA Clean Air Status and Trends
Network, the Canadian Air and Precipitation Monitoring Network, Reseau
d'echantillonnage des precipitations du Quebec, New Brunswick
Precipitation Monitoring Network, Alberta Precipitation Quality
Monitoring Program, British Columbia Precipitation Chemistry and
Sampling Network, Newfoundland Acid Precipitation Monitoring Network,
Nova Scotia Precipitation Study Network, INPE's (Instituto Nacional de
Pesquisas Espaciais) Earth Science System Center in Brazil (FAPESP
project No99/5204-4), R. Semkin of Environment Canada and H. Yao, C.
McConnell and A. Patterson of the Ontario Ministry of the Environment
for phosphorus deposition data, B. Sukloff of Environment Canada for his
assistance preparing graphics, and N.-H. Lin for his assistance with
data collection. We also gratefully acknowledge the UNECE Task Force on
Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution and the participants in the
Coordinated Model Studies Activities that greatly contributed to this
assessment. We are grateful to the World Meteorological Organization,
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Air Resources
Laboratory, North-West University (Patchefstroom, South Africa), and
Environment Canada for their financial and logistical support. We are
also grateful to L Jalkanen for her careful review of the manuscript and
valuable comments prior to journal submission. Last but not least, we
thank L.A. Barrie for conceiving the idea of this global precipitation
chemistry and deposition assessment and J. Galloway for his
encouragement and advice.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 93
SI SI
BP 3
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.10.060
PG 98
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AL0GM
UT WOS:000338805400002
ER
PT J
AU Yan, J
Sun, Y
Wu, H
Huang, QZ
Wang, C
Shi, ZX
Deng, SH
Shi, KW
Lu, HQ
Chu, LH
AF Yan, Jun
Sun, Ying
Wu, Hui
Huang, Qingzhen
Wang, Cong
Shi, Zaixing
Deng, Sihao
Shi, Kewen
Lu, Huiqing
Chu, Lihua
TI Phase transitions and magnetocaloric effect in Mn3Cu0.89N0.96
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Entropy; Magnetic; Phase transition; Neutron diffraction
ID MAGNETIC ENTROPY CHANGE; ANTIPEROVSKITE MN3GAC1-DELTA; ROOM-TEMPERATURE;
MN3GAC; FIELD
AB We report a large magnetic entropy change observed in the antiperovskite Mn3Cu0.89N0.96. Based on the heat flow peak measured by differential scanning calorimetry, the total entropy change according to the structural transition (tetragonal to cubic) was calculated to be similar to 60 J kg(-1) K-1 while the magnetic entropy change accounts for similar to 22.5% of the total entropy under a 50 kOe magnetic field at 145 K. To clarify the origin of the magnetic entropy change, we managed to control the structure transition using a magnetic field. It was found that the magnetic entropy change originates from the transformation from antiferromagnetic (AFM) to ferromagnetic (FM) as well as from the phase transition from cubic to tetragonal under the magnetic field. In the tetragonal phase, a magnetic field can drive the AFM component to transform gradually to the FM component. The magnetic field can also change the phase fraction in the tetragonal and cubic two-phase coexistence region, a similar behavior to that induced by temperature. In the current system, only 5.4% of the cubic phase transforms to the tetragonal phase at 5 Tesla (T), indicating there is still much latent entropy in Mn3Cu0.89N0.96. (C) 2014 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yan, Jun; Sun, Ying; Wang, Cong; Shi, Zaixing; Deng, Sihao; Shi, Kewen; Lu, Huiqing; Chu, Lihua] Beihang Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Condensed Matter & Mat Phys, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Hui; Huang, Qingzhen] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wu, Hui] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Sun, Y (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Condensed Matter & Mat Phys, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
EM sunying@buaa.edu.cn; congwang@buaa.edu.cn
RI Wu, Hui/C-6505-2008; Sun, Ying/P-1453-2016
OI Wu, Hui/0000-0003-0296-5204;
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [91122026,
51172012]; Ministry of Education of China [20111102110026]; China
Scholarship Council
FX This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC) (Nos. 91122026 and 51172012), the Ph.D.
Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No.
20111102110026) and the China Scholarship Council.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD AUG 1
PY 2014
VL 74
BP 58
EP 65
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2014.04.005
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA AK7PY
UT WOS:000338621400007
ER
PT J
AU Baker, BA
Pine, PS
Chatterjee, K
Kumar, G
Lin, NJ
McDaniel, JH
Salit, ML
Simon, CG
AF Baker, Bryan A.
Pine, P. Scott
Chatterjee, Kaushik
Kumar, Girish
Lin, Nancy J.
McDaniel, Jennifer H.
Salit, Marc L.
Simon, Carl G., Jr.
TI Ontology analysis of global gene expression differences of human bone
marrow stromal cells cultured on 3D scaffolds or 2D films
SO BIOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE 3D scaffolds; Cell differentiation; Cell-material interactions; Human
bone marrow stromal cells; mRNA microarrays; Pathway analysis
ID MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; TGF-BETA; OSTEOBLAST
DIFFERENTIATION; CHONDROGENIC DIFFERENTIATION; OSTEOGENIC
DIFFERENTIATION; MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN; NANOFIBROUS SCAFFOLDS; COLLAGEN;
LINEAGES
AB Differences in gene expression of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) during culture in three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber scaffolds or on two-dimensional (2D) films were investigated via pathway analysis of microarray mRNA expression profiles. Previous work has shown that hBMSC culture in nanofiber scaffolds can induce osteogenic differentiation in the absence of osteogenic supplements (OS). Analysis using ontology databases revealed that nanofibers and OS regulated similar pathways and that both were enriched for TGF-beta and cell-adhesion/ECM-receptor pathways. The most notable difference between the two was that nanofibers had stronger enrichment for cell-adhesion/ECM-receptor pathways. Comparison of nanofibers scaffolds with flat films yielded stronger differences in gene expression than comparison of nanofibers made from different polymers, suggesting that substrate structure had stronger effects on cell function than substrate polymer composition. These results demonstrate that physical (nanofibers) and biochemical (OS) signals regulate similar ontological pathways, suggesting that these cues use similar molecular mechanisms to control hBMSC differentiation. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Baker, Bryan A.; Pine, P. Scott; Chatterjee, Kaushik; Kumar, Girish; Lin, Nancy J.; McDaniel, Jennifer H.; Salit, Marc L.; Simon, Carl G., Jr.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chatterjee, Kaushik] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Mat Engn, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
[Kumar, Girish] US FDA, Div Biol, Off Sci & Engn Labs, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
RP Simon, CG (reprint author), NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM carl.simon@nist.gov
FU NIST-ARRA NRC Research Associateship; NIH-NIBIB/NIST NRC Research
Associateship; NCRR of the NIH [P40RR017447]
FX B.A.B. was supported by NIST-ARRA NRC Research Associateship. G.K. and
K.C. were supported by NIH-NIBIB/NIST NRC Research Associateship. hBMSCs
employed in this work were provided by the Tulane Center for Gene
Therapy through a grant from NCRR of the NIH P40RR017447. The authors
would like to acknowledge Sumona Sarkar, Dongbo Wang, Swarnavo Sarkar,
and Subhadip Bodhak for helpful discussions. This manuscript is a
contribution of NIST, and therefore is not subject to copyright in the
United States. Certain equipment, instruments or materials are
identified in this paper in order to adequately specify the experimental
details. Such identification does not imply recommendation by the NIST
nor does it imply the materials are necessarily the best available for
the purpose.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0142-9612
EI 1878-5905
J9 BIOMATERIALS
JI Biomaterials
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 35
IS 25
BP 6716
EP 6726
DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.04.075
PG 11
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA AK4IB
UT WOS:000338386800006
PM 24840613
ER
PT J
AU Bachman, MJ
Keller, JM
West, KL
Jensen, BA
AF Bachman, Melannie J.
Keller, Jennifer M.
West, Kristi L.
Jensen, Brenda A.
TI Persistent organic pollutant concentrations in blubber of 16 species of
cetaceans stranded in the Pacific Islands from 1997 through 2011
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Hawai'i; Pacific; Cetaceans; Marine mammals; Persistent organic
pollutants; POPs
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; MAIN HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; WHALES
PSEUDORCA-CRASSIDENS; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; KILLER WHALES;
GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; MARINE MAMMALS; ATLANTIC; PCBS
AB Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are toxic man-made chemicals that bioaccumulate and biomagnify in food webs, making them a ubiquitous threat to the marine environment Although many studies have determined concentrations of POPs in top predators, no studies have quantified POPs in stranded cetaceans within the last 30 years around the Hawaiian Islands. A suite of POPs was measured in the blubber of 16 cetacean species that stranded in the tropical Pacific, including Hawai'i from 1997 to 2011. The sample set includes odontocetes (n = 39) and mysticetes (n = 3). Median (range) contaminant concentrations in ng/g lipid for the most representative species category (delphinids excluding killer whales [n = 27]) are: 9650 (44.4-99,100) for Sigma DDTs, 6240 (40.8-50,200) for Sigma PCBs, 1380 (6.73-9520) for Sigma chlordanes, 1230 (13.4-5510) for Sigma toxaphenes, 269 (1.99-10,100) for Sigma PBDEs, 280 (2.14-4190) for mirex, 176 (5.43-857) for HCB, 48.1 (<5.42-566) for Sigma HCHs, 33.9 (<2.42-990) for Sigma HBCDs, 1.65 (<0.435-11.7) for octachlorostyrene and 1.49 (<2.07-13.1) for pentachlorobenzene. Sigma PCB concentrations in these Pacific Island cetaceans approach and sometimes exceed proposed toxic threshold values. Backward stepwise multiple regressions indicated the influence of life history parameters on contaminant concentrations when performed with three independent variables (species category, year of stranding, and sex/age class). No temporal trends were noted (p > 0.063), but sex/age class influences were evident with adult males exhibiting greater contaminant loads than adult females and juveniles for Sigma DDT, Sigma PCBs, Sigma CHLs, and mirex (p <= 0.036). POP concentrations were lower in mysticetes than odontocetes for many compound classes (p <= 0.003). p,p'-DDE/Sigma DDTs ratios were greater than 0.6 for all species except humpback whales, suggesting exposure to an old DDT source. These POP levels are high enough to warrant concern and continued monitoring. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bachman, Melannie J.; West, Kristi L.; Jensen, Brenda A.] Hawaii Pacific Univ, Coll Nat & Computat Sci, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Bachman, Melannie J.; Keller, Jennifer M.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Keller, JM (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM melannie.bachman@noaa.gov; jennifer.keller@noaa.gov; kwest@hpu.edu;
bjensen@hpu.edu
FU NOAA John H. Prescott Grant program; National Institute of Standards and
Technology
FX Samples were collected and provided by the Hawai'i Pacific University's
Marine Mammal Stranding and Response Program for which we graciously
acknowledge the numerous volunteers for their assistance in tissue
collection and the NOAA John H. Prescott Grant program for funding. We
thank Susan Chivers for aging of the Hawaiian false killer whale
examined in this study, as well as Lori Schwacke, Wayne McFee and
Colleen Bryan for reviewing the manuscript and providing helpful
comments. We also thank Paul Becker for oversight and the National
Institute of Standards and Technology for funding.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD AUG 1
PY 2014
VL 488
BP 115
EP 123
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.073
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK7IA
UT WOS:000338600800012
PM 24821437
ER
PT J
AU Kabatas, B
Unal, A
Pierce, RB
Kindap, T
Pozzoli, L
AF Kabatas, B.
Unal, A.
Pierce, R. B.
Kindap, T.
Pozzoli, L.
TI The contribution of Saharan dust in PM10 concentration levels in
Anatolian Peninsula of Turkey
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Sahara dust; RAQMS model; Air quality; Remote sensing
ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; OPTICAL-THICKNESS; MODEL; MORTALITY;
TRANSPORT; MATTER; SIMULATION; SATELLITE; PROJECT; ORIGIN
AB Sahara-originated dust is the most significant natural source of particulate matter; however, this contribution is still unclear in the Eastern Mediterranean especially in Western Turkey, where significant industrial sources and metropolitan areas are located. The Real-time Air Quality Modeling System (RAQMS) is utilized to explore the possible effects of Saharan dust on high levels of PM10 measured in Turkey. RAQMS model is compared with 118-air quality stations distributed throughout Turkey (81 cities) for April 2008. MODIS aerosol product (MOD04 for Terra and MYD04 for Aqua) is used to see columnar aerosol loading of the atmosphere at 550 nm (Aerosol optical depth (AOD) values found to be between 0.6 and 0.8 during the episode). High-resolution vertical profiles of clouds and aerosols are provided from CALIOP, on board of CALISPO satellite. The results suggest a significant contribution of Sahara dust to high levels of PM10 in Turkey with RAQMS and in situ time series showing similar patterns. The two data sets are found to be in agreement with a correlation of 0.87. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kabatas, B.; Unal, A.; Kindap, T.; Pozzoli, L.] Istanbul Tech Univ, Eurasia Inst Earth Sci, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey.
[Pierce, R. B.] NOAA NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Madison, WI USA.
RP Unal, A (reprint author), Istanbul Tech Univ, Eurasia Inst Earth Sci, TR-80626 Istanbul, Turkey.
EM alper.unal@itu.edu.tr
RI Pierce, Robert Bradley/F-5609-2010; Unal, Alper/A-3857-2017;
OI Pierce, Robert Bradley/0000-0002-2767-1643; Unal,
Alper/0000-0002-8890-3145; Pozzoli, Luca/0000-0003-0485-9624
FU Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)
[110Y078]
FX This study was supported by Scientific and Technological Research
Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) Contract 110Y078, and presented and
discussed in special session of the Air Quality Management at Urban,
Regional and Global Scales, 4th International Symposium and IUAPPA
Regional Conference (AQM2012) held in Istanbul Turkey in September
10-13, 2012.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD AUG 1
PY 2014
VL 488
BP 415
EP 423
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.045
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK7IA
UT WOS:000338600800044
PM 24485280
ER
PT J
AU Nicosia, K
Daaram, S
Edelman, B
Gedrich, L
He, E
McNeilly, S
Shenoy, V
Velagapudi, A
Wu, W
Zhang, LN
Barvalia, A
Bokka, V
Chan, B
Chiu, J
Dhulipalla, S
Hernandez, V
Jeon, J
Kanukollu, P
Kravets, P
Mantha, A
Miranda, C
Nigam, V
Patel, M
Praveen, S
Sang, T
Upadhyay, S
Varma, T
Xu, C
Yalamanchi, B
Zharova, M
Zheng, A
Verma, R
Vasslides, J
Manderson, J
Jordan, R
Gray, S
AF Nicosia, Kristina
Daaram, Suhrudh
Edelman, Ben
Gedrich, Lev
He, Eric
McNeilly, Sarah
Shenoy, Vishnu
Velagapudi, Akhil
Wu, Walter
Zhang, Luna
Barvalia, Aneri
Bokka, Veena
Chan, Brian
Chiu, Jennifer
Dhulipalla, Sai
Hernandez, Victoria
Jeon, Jenny
Kanukollu, Pranav
Kravets, Pearl
Mantha, Amrita
Miranda, Colin
Nigam, Vishan
Patel, Meghnee
Praveen, Sam
Sang, Thomas
Upadhyay, Shruti
Varma, Tanvee
Xu, Camilla
Yalamanchi, Bhavish
Zharova, Masha
Zheng, Allen
Verma, Rashika
Vasslides, James
Manderson, John
Jordan, Rebecca
Gray, Steven
TI Determining the willingness to pay for ecosystem service restoration in
a degraded coastal watershed: A ninth grade investigation
SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Ecosystem services; Contingent valuation; Coastal watersheds;
Environmental education; Citizen science; K-12
ID VALUATION; PERSPECTIVE
AB Over the course of a school year, a high school biology class and a local watershed partnership worked together to design a study to determine the willingness to pay for ecosystem service restoration in a local degraded watershed. With research control given to the teacher and her classroom as part of their in-class honors biology curriculum, the result was a student designed/written, and professionally structured, research manuscript. The aim of this collaboration was to: (1) integrate quantitative social science into the K-12 science curriculum to foster learning about the nature of social science investigation in a real world context; (2) create a community-based science partnership; and (3) generate social science data useful for decision-making that could withstand scientific peer review. In this commentary, we present the written product of the classrooms' work to illustrate the type of information that can be generated by a participatory science education program, along with a reflection from the students and project researchers about opportunities and barriers to conducting authentic social science research in K-12 classrooms. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Nicosia, Kristina; Daaram, Suhrudh; Edelman, Ben; Gedrich, Lev; He, Eric; McNeilly, Sarah; Shenoy, Vishnu; Velagapudi, Akhil; Wu, Walter; Zhang, Luna; Barvalia, Aneri; Bokka, Veena; Chan, Brian; Chiu, Jennifer; Dhulipalla, Sai; Hernandez, Victoria; Jeon, Jenny; Kanukollu, Pranav; Kravets, Pearl; Mantha, Amrita; Miranda, Colin; Nigam, Vishan; Patel, Meghnee; Praveen, Sam; Sang, Thomas; Upadhyay, Shruti; Varma, Tanvee; Xu, Camilla; Yalamanchi, Bhavish; Zharova, Masha; Zheng, Allen; Verma, Rashika] West Windsor Plainsboro North High Sch, Plainsboro, NJ 08536 USA.
[Vasslides, James] Barnegat Bay Partnership, Ocean Cty Coll, Toms River, NJ 08754 USA.
[Jordan, Rebecca] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, Program Sci Learning, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Manderson, John] NOAA, NMFS, NEFSC, Ecosyst Proc Div,James J Howard Marine Stn, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
[Gray, Steven] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Environm, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
RP Nicosia, K (reprint author), West Windsor Plainsboro North High Sch, 90 Grovers Mill Rd, Plainsboro, NJ 08536 USA.
EM kristina.nicosia@ww-p.org; stevenallangray@gmail.com
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U1 3
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-8009
EI 1873-6106
J9 ECOL ECON
JI Ecol. Econ.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 104
BP 145
EP 151
DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.02.010
PG 7
WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics
GA AK4SI
UT WOS:000338414000014
ER
PT J
AU Gao, J
Vissers, MR
Sandberg, M
Li, D
Cho, HM
Bockstiegel, C
Mazin, BA
Leduc, HG
Chaudhuri, S
Pappas, DP
Irwin, KD
AF Gao, J.
Vissers, M. R.
Sandberg, M.
Li, D.
Cho, H. M.
Bockstiegel, C.
Mazin, B. A.
Leduc, H. G.
Chaudhuri, S.
Pappas, D. P.
Irwin, K. D.
TI Properties of TiN for Detector and Amplifier Applications
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Kinetic inductance detector; Parametric amplifier; Two-level system;
Titanium nitride
ID BAND
AB We have experimentally explored and carefully characterized the important properties of TiN, including the resistivity, nonlinear kinetic inductance, the anomalous electro-dynamical response, and the two-level-system induced frequency shift and noise. We suggest that some of these properties, which are not well understood and are different from conventional superconductors, need further study and special consideration in kinetic inductance detector and parametric amplifier applications.
C1 [Gao, J.; Vissers, M. R.; Sandberg, M.; Li, D.; Cho, H. M.; Bockstiegel, C.; Pappas, D. P.; Irwin, K. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Mazin, B. A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Leduc, H. G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Chaudhuri, S.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Gao, J (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jgao@boulder.nist.gov
RI Mazin, Ben/B-8704-2011
OI Mazin, Ben/0000-0003-0526-1114
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U1 1
U2 20
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3-4
BP 136
EP 141
DI 10.1007/s10909-014-1089-5
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AK1WY
UT WOS:000338210800002
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, B
Atlas, M
Lowell, P
Moyerman, S
Stebor, N
Ullom, J
Keating, B
AF Wilson, B.
Atlas, M.
Lowell, P.
Moyerman, S.
Stebor, N.
Ullom, J.
Keating, B.
TI A Robust Cooling Platform for NIS Junction Refrigeration and sub-Kelvin
Cryogenic Systems
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE NIS Junctions; Cryogenics; Thermal isolation
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURES; KEVLAR
AB Recent advances in Normal metal-insulator-superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions (Clark et al. Appl Phys Lett 86: 173508, 2005, Appl Phys Lett 84: 4, 2004) have proven these devices to be a viable technology for sub-Kelvin refrigeration. NIS junction coolers, coupled to a separate cold stage, provide a flexible platform for cooling a wide range of user-supplied payloads. Recently, a stage was cooled from 290 to 256 mK (Lowell et al. Appl Phys Lett 102: 082601 2013), but further mechanical and electrical improvements are necessary for the stage to reach its full potential. We have designed and built a new Kevlar suspended cooling platform for NIS junction refrigeration that is both lightweight and well thermally isolated; the calculated parasitic loading is pW from 300 to 100 mK. The platform is structurally rigid with a measured deflection of 25 m under a 2.5 kg load and has an integrated mechanical heat switch driven by a superconducting stepper motor with thermal conductivity G W/K at 300 mK. An integrated radiation shield limits thermal loading and a modular platform accommodates enough junctions to provide nanowatts of continuous cooling power. The compact stage size of 7.6 cm 8.6 cm 4.8 cm and overall radiation shield size of 8.9 cm 10.0 cm 7.0 cm along with minimal electrical power requirements allow easy integration into a range of cryostats. We present the design, construction, and performance of this cooling platform as well as projections for coupling to arrays of NIS junctions and other future applications.
C1 [Wilson, B.; Atlas, M.; Moyerman, S.; Stebor, N.; Keating, B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Lowell, P.; Ullom, J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Wilson, B (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM blwilson@ucsd.edu
FU NASA APRA program
FX This study was supported in part by the NASA APRA program.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3-4
BP 243
EP 248
DI 10.1007/s10909-014-1136-2
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AK1WY
UT WOS:000338210800018
ER
PT J
AU Palosaari, MRJ
Kinnunen, KM
Julin, J
Laitinen, M
Napari, M
Sajavaara, T
Doriese, WB
Fowler, J
Reintsema, C
Swetz, D
Schmidt, D
Ullom, J
Maasilta, IJ
AF Palosaari, M. R. J.
Kinnunen, K. M.
Julin, J.
Laitinen, M.
Napari, M.
Sajavaara, T.
Doriese, W. B.
Fowler, J.
Reintsema, C.
Swetz, D.
Schmidt, D.
Ullom, J.
Maasilta, I. J.
TI Transition-Edge Sensors for Particle Induced X-ray Emission Measurements
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Transition-edge sensor; TES; Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE)
ID PIXE
AB In this paper we present a new measurement setup, where a transition-edge sensor detector array is used to detect X-rays in particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) measurements with a 2 MeV proton beam. Transition-edge sensors offer orders of magnitude improvement in energy resolution compared to conventional silicon or germanium detectors, making it possible to recognize spectral lines in materials analysis that have previously been impossible to resolve, and to get chemical information from the elements. Our sensors are cooled to the operation temperature (65 mK) with a cryogen-free adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator, which houses a specially designed X-ray snout that has a vacuum tight window to couple in the radiation. For the best pixel, the measured instrumental energy resolution was 3.06 eV full width at half maximum at 5.9 keV. We discuss the current status of the project, benefits of transition-edge sensors when used in PIXE spectroscopy, and the results from the first measurements.
C1 [Palosaari, M. R. J.; Kinnunen, K. M.; Maasilta, I. J.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Nanosci Ctr, Jyvaskyla 40014, Finland.
[Julin, J.; Laitinen, M.; Napari, M.; Sajavaara, T.] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Accelerator Lab, Jyvaskyla 40014, Finland.
[Doriese, W. B.; Fowler, J.; Reintsema, C.; Swetz, D.; Schmidt, D.; Ullom, J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Palosaari, MRJ (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Phys, Nanosci Ctr, POB 35, Jyvaskyla 40014, Finland.
EM mikko.palosaari@jyu.fi
RI Sajavaara, Timo/A-4340-2013; Laitinen, Mikko/A-1754-2013; Julin,
Jaakko/O-9751-2014;
OI Sajavaara, Timo/0000-0003-2235-7441; Laitinen,
Mikko/0000-0002-9031-8551; Julin, Jaakko/0000-0003-4376-891X; Napari,
Mari/0000-0003-2690-8343; Maasilta, Ilari/0000-0001-8566-1569
FU Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation TEKES; Academy of
Finland [260880]; Academy of Finland Center of Excellence in Nuclear and
Accelerator Based Physics [251353]; National Graduate School in
Materials Science
FX This work was supported by the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and
Innovation TEKES, Academy of Finland Project no. 260880 and Academy of
Finland Center of Excellence in Nuclear and Accelerator Based Physics
(ref. 251353). M. Palosaari would personally like to thank the National
Graduate School in Materials Science for funding.
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 14
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3-4
BP 285
EP 290
DI 10.1007/s10909-013-1004-5
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AK1WY
UT WOS:000338210800025
ER
PT J
AU George, EM
Austermann, JE
Beall, JA
Becker, D
Benson, BA
Bleem, LE
Carlstrom, JE
Chang, CL
Cho, HM
Crites, AT
Dobbs, MA
Everett, W
Halverson, NW
Henning, JW
Hilton, GC
Holzapfel, WL
Hubmayr, J
Irwin, KD
Li, D
Lueker, M
McMahon, JJ
Mehl, J
Montgomery, J
Natoli, T
Nibarger, JP
Niemack, MD
Novosad, V
Ruhl, JE
Sayre, JT
Shirokoff, E
Story, KT
Wang, G
Yefremenko, V
Yoon, KW
Young, E
AF George, E. M.
Austermann, J. E.
Beall, J. A.
Becker, D.
Benson, B. A.
Bleem, L. E.
Carlstrom, J. E.
Chang, C. L.
Cho, H. -M.
Crites, A. T.
Dobbs, M. A.
Everett, W.
Halverson, N. W.
Henning, J. W.
Hilton, G. C.
Holzapfel, W. L.
Hubmayr, J.
Irwin, K. D.
Li, D.
Lueker, M.
McMahon, J. J.
Mehl, J.
Montgomery, J.
Natoli, T.
Nibarger, J. P.
Niemack, M. D.
Novosad, V.
Ruhl, J. E.
Sayre, J. T.
Shirokoff, E.
Story, K. T.
Wang, G.
Yefremenko, V.
Yoon, K. W.
Young, E.
TI A Study of Al-Mn Transition Edge Sensor Engineering for Stability
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE TES; Frequency domain multiplexing; Stability; Bolometer; Al-Mn
AB The stability of Al-Mn transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers is studied as we vary the engineered TES transition, heat capacity, and/or coupling between the heat capacity and TES. We present thermal structure measurements of each of the 39 designs tested. The data is accurately fit by a two-body bolometer model, which allows us to extract the basic TES parameters that affect device stability. We conclude that parameters affecting device stability can be engineered for optimal device operation, and present the model parameters extracted for the different TES designs.
C1 [George, E. M.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Young, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Austermann, J. E.; Everett, W.; Halverson, N. W.; Henning, J. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Beall, J. A.; Becker, D.; Cho, H. -M.; Hilton, G. C.; Hubmayr, J.; Irwin, K. D.; Li, D.; Nibarger, J. P.; Niemack, M. D.; Yoon, K. W.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crites, A. T.; Mehl, J.; Montgomery, J.; Natoli, T.; Story, K. T.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Mehl, J.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Montgomery, J.; Natoli, T.; Story, K. T.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Wang, G.; Yefremenko, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Carlstrom, J. E.; Crites, A. T.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Dobbs, M. A.] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lueker, M.; Shirokoff, E.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[McMahon, J. J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Novosad, V.; Yefremenko, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Ruhl, J. E.; Sayre, J. T.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
RP George, EM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, 151 LeConte Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM lizinvt@berkeley.edu
RI Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; Novosad, V /J-4843-2015
FU NSF [AST-0705302, ANT-0638937, PHY-0114422]; NIST Innovations in
Measurement Science program; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; Canada Research
Chairs program; Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship; Kavli Foundation;
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of
Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne); Argonne Center for Nanoscale
Materials; [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Work at the University of Colorado is supported by the NSF through grant
AST-0705302. Work at NIST is supported by the NIST Innovations in
Measurement Science program. The McGill authors acknowledge funding from
the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Canadian
Institute for Advanced Research, and Canada Research Chairs program. MD
acknowledges support from an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship. Work
at the University of Chicago is supported by grants from the NSF (awards
ANT-0638937 and PHY-0114422), the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and
Betty Moore Foundation. Work at Argonne National Lab is supported by
UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory
(Argonne). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
Laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We
acknowledge support from the Argonne Center for Nanoscale Materials.
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 10
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3-4
BP 383
EP 391
DI 10.1007/s10909-013-0994-3
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AK1WY
UT WOS:000338210800040
ER
PT J
AU Fowler, JW
AF Fowler, J. W.
TI Maximum-Likelihood Fits to Histograms for Improved Parameter Estimation
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Energy resolution; Histogram fitting; Maximum likelihood
ID CHI-SQUARE; ASTRONOMY
AB Straightforward methods for adapting the familiar statistic to histograms of discrete events and other Poisson distributed data generally yield biased estimates of the parameters of a model. The bias can be important even when the total number of events is large. For the case of estimating a microcalorimeter's energy resolution at 6 keV from the observed shape of the Mn K fluorescence spectrum, a poor choice of can lead to biases of at least 10 % in the estimated resolution when up to thousands of photons are observed. The best remedy is a Poisson maximum-likelihood fit, through a simple modification of the standard Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm for minimization. Where the modification is not possible, another approach allows iterative approximation of the maximum-likelihood fit.
C1 NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Fowler, JW (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway MS 686-02, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM joe.fowler@nist.gov
FU American Recovery and Reinvestment Act senior fellowship; NIST
Innovations in Measurement Science program
FX The author was supported by an American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
senior fellowship and by the NIST Innovations in Measurement Science
program. The author thanks J. Ullom for encouragement and many helpful
discussions and C. Pryke for debates on the topic long ago.
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3-4
BP 414
EP 420
DI 10.1007/s10909-014-1098-4
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AK1WY
UT WOS:000338210800044
ER
PT J
AU Bockstiegel, C
Gao, J
Vissers, MR
Sandberg, M
Chaudhuri, S
Sanders, A
Vale, LR
Irwin, KD
Pappas, DP
AF Bockstiegel, C.
Gao, J.
Vissers, M. R.
Sandberg, M.
Chaudhuri, S.
Sanders, A.
Vale, L. R.
Irwin, K. D.
Pappas, D. P.
TI Development of a Broadband NbTiN Traveling Wave Parametric Amplifier for
MKID Readout
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Parametric amplifier; Traveling wave; NbTiN
AB The sensitivity of microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) using dissipation readout is limited by the noise temperature of the cryogenic amplifier, usually a HEMT with 5 K. A lower noise amplifier is required to improve NEP and reach the photon noise limit at millimeter wavelengths. Eom et al. have proposed a kinetic inductance traveling wave (KIT) parametric amplifier (also called the dispersion-engineered travelling wave kinetic inductance parametric amplifier) that utilizes the nonlinearity with very low dissipation of NbTiN. This amplifier has the promise to achieve quantum limited noise, broad bandwidth, and high dynamic range, all of which are required for ideal MKID dissipation readout. We have designed a KIT amplifier which consists of a 2.2 m long coplanar waveguide transmission line fabricated in a double spiral format, with periodic loadings and impedance transformers at the input/output ports on a 2 by 2 cm Si chip. The design was fabricated with 20 nm NbTiN films. The device has shown over 10 dB of gain from 4 to 11 GHz. We have found the maximum gain is limited by abrupt breakdown at defects in the transmission line in the devices. By cascading two devices, more than 20 dB of gain was achieved from 4.5 to 12.5 GHz, with a peak of 27 dB.
C1 [Bockstiegel, C.; Gao, J.; Vissers, M. R.; Sandberg, M.; Chaudhuri, S.; Sanders, A.; Vale, L. R.; Irwin, K. D.; Pappas, D. P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Bockstiegel, C (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM clinton.bockstiegel@colorado.edu
NR 7
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 11
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3-4
BP 476
EP 482
DI 10.1007/s10909-013-1042-z
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AK1WY
UT WOS:000338210800054
ER
PT J
AU Mates, JAB
Irwin, KD
Vale, LR
Hilton, GC
Cho, HM
AF Mates, J. A. B.
Irwin, K. D.
Vale, L. R.
Hilton, G. C.
Cho, H. M.
TI An Efficient Superconducting Transformer Design for SQUID Magnetometry
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Superconducting; Transformer; One-to-one; Efficient; SQUID
ID INPUT COIL; DC SQUID; SENSORS
AB We describe a novel superconducting transformer design for the efficient transfer of magnetic flux from a macroscopic pickup coil to a low-inductance SQUID. A large number of highly-efficient one-to-one transformer elements are wired in series and in parallel, for the primary and secondary of the transformer, respectively. This transformer coupling allows us to isolate the SQUID from the microwave resonances inherent in high-inductance coils.
C1 [Mates, J. A. B.; Irwin, K. D.; Vale, L. R.; Hilton, G. C.; Cho, H. M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Mates, JAB (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM bmates1@gmail.com
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 8
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3-4
BP 483
EP 489
DI 10.1007/s10909-014-1092-x
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AK1WY
UT WOS:000338210800055
ER
PT J
AU Hubmayr, J
Beall, JA
Becker, D
Brevik, JA
Cho, HM
Che, G
Devlin, M
Dober, B
Gao, J
Galitzki, N
Hilton, GC
Irwin, KD
Li, D
Mauskopf, P
Pappas, DP
Van Lanen, J
Vissers, MR
AF Hubmayr, J.
Beall, J. A.
Becker, D.
Brevik, J. A.
Cho, H. M.
Che, G.
Devlin, M.
Dober, B.
Gao, J.
Galitzki, N.
Hilton, G. C.
Irwin, K. D.
Li, D.
Mauskopf, P.
Pappas, D. P.
Van Lanen, J.
Vissers, M. R.
TI Dual-Polarization-Sensitive Kinetic Inductance Detectors for
Balloon-borne Sub-millimeter Polarimetry
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE KID; FIR; Detector; TiN; Polarimeter; Polarimetry
ID NOISE
AB We are developing arrays of kinetic inductance detectors for sub-millimeter polarimetry that will be deployed on the BLAST balloon-borne instrument. The array is feedhorn-coupled, and each pixel contains two lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKIDs) made of TiN. The absorbing, inductive sections of the LEKID-pair are orthogonal, which allows simultaneous measurement of both horizontal and vertical polarizations within one spatial pixel. In this paper, we show efficient absorption in TiN films when coupled to waveguide at room temperature and present dark measurements of single polarization devices with varying capacitor geometries. We show that it will be difficult to achieve background-limited performance in BLAST with stoichiometric TiN films with T K, and that non-stoichiometric films with lower T will be required.
C1 [Hubmayr, J.; Beall, J. A.; Becker, D.; Brevik, J. A.; Cho, H. M.; Gao, J.; Hilton, G. C.; Irwin, K. D.; Li, D.; Pappas, D. P.; Van Lanen, J.; Vissers, M. R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Che, G.; Mauskopf, P.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA.
[Devlin, M.; Dober, B.; Galitzki, N.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Hubmayr, J (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM hubmayr@nist.gov
FU NASA [NNX13AE50G S01]; DARPA
FX BLAST is funded by NASA through Grant No. NNX13AE50G S01. TiN materials
research supported in part by DARPA. We thank the reviewers for
thoughtful comments that improved the quality of this manuscript.
NR 22
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U2 6
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PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3-4
BP 490
EP 496
DI 10.1007/s10909-014-1160-2
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AK1WY
UT WOS:000338210800056
ER
PT J
AU Wisbey, DS
Martin, A
Reinisch, A
Gao, J
AF Wisbey, D. S.
Martin, A.
Reinisch, A.
Gao, J.
TI New Method for Determining the Quality Factor and Resonance Frequency of
Superconducting Micro-Resonators from Sonnet Simulations
SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Microwave resonator; Quality factor; Resonance frequency
AB Lithographed superconducting microwave resonators (micro-resonators) are useful in a number of important applications, including microwave kinetic inductance detectors (Day et al., Nature 425:817, 2003), as memory elements in quantum information circuits, and as readouts of qubits and nanomechanical resonators. One of the major tasks in designing these devices is to find the resonance frequency (f) and quality factor (Q) for these microwave circuits using EM simulation software such as Sonnet. The traditional method iteratively runs simulations over successively smaller frequency ranges. In this way the simulated transmission S data is zoomed in on to yield a well-sampled resonance curve of a circuit. Designing microwave resonators in this manner is often time consuming since it requires many simulation runs. In this work, we show a new-and much faster-method for determining f and Q by adding an internal (virtual) port in the Sonnet model and examining the input impedance through the added port. Accurate f and Q values can be retrieved from a single simulation with a wide frequency sweep. This method works on many types of resonance circuits and dramatically reduces the simulation time.
C1 [Wisbey, D. S.; Martin, A.; Reinisch, A.] St Louis Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63103 USA.
[Gao, J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Wisbey, DS (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Dept Phys, 3450 Lindell Bloulevard, St Louis, MO 63103 USA.
EM dwisbey@slu.edu
FU Saint Louis University College of Arts Sciences; National Institute of
Standards and Technology
FX We would like to thank Dave Pappas for continued support. We acknowledge
support of the Saint Louis University College of Arts & Sciences and the
National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 6
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2291
EI 1573-7357
J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS
JI J. Low Temp. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3-4
BP 538
EP 544
DI 10.1007/s10909-014-1099-3
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AK1WY
UT WOS:000338210800063
ER
PT J
AU Streib, N
Streib, A
Beichl, I
Sullivan, F
AF Streib, Noah
Streib, Amanda
Beichl, Isabel
Sullivan, Francis
TI A Binomial Approximation Method for the Ising Model
SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ising model; Partition function; Approximation; Graph theory
ID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; EDGE-CONNECTIVITY; STATISTICS; DYNAMICS; SIMULATION;
EFFICIENT; ALGORITHM; LATTICE
AB A large portion of the computation required for the partition function of the Ising model can be captured with a simple formula. In this work, we support this claim by defining an approximation to the partition function and other thermodynamic quantities of the Ising model that requires no algorithm at all. This approximation, which uses the high temperature expansion, is solely based on the binomial distribution, and performs very well at low temperatures. At high temperatures, we provide an alternative approximation, which also serves as a lower bound on the partition function and is trivial to compute. We provide theoretical evidence and the results of numerical experiments to support the strength of these approximations.
C1 [Streib, Noah; Streib, Amanda; Sullivan, Francis] Ctr Comp Sci, Bowie, MD 20716 USA.
[Beichl, Isabel] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Streib, N (reprint author), Ctr Comp Sci, Bowie, MD 20716 USA.
EM nsstrei@super.org; ampasco@super.org; isabel.beichl@nist.gov;
fran@super.org
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-4715
EI 1572-9613
J9 J STAT PHYS
JI J. Stat. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 156
IS 3
BP 593
EP 605
DI 10.1007/s10955-014-1016-9
PG 13
WC Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA AK0ZK
UT WOS:000338144700009
ER
PT J
AU Islam, T
Srivastava, PK
Rico-Ramirez, MA
Dai, Q
Han, DW
Gupta, M
AF Islam, Tanvir
Srivastava, Prashant K.
Rico-Ramirez, Miguel A.
Dai, Qiang
Han, Dawei
Gupta, Manika
TI An exploratory investigation of an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system
(ANFIS) for estimating hydrometeors from TRMM/TMI in synergy with
TRMM/PR
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Liquid water contents; Ice water contents; Global precipitation
measurement (GPM); Rain rate retrieval; Passive microwave radiometry;
Precipitation radar
ID PRECIPITATION RADAR; PROFILING ALGORITHM; CLOUD PROPERTIES; NETWORK
AB The authors have investigated an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for the estimation of hydrometeors from the TRMM microwave imager (TMI). The proposed algorithm, named as Hydro-Rain algorithm, is developed in synergy with the TRMM precipitation radar (PR) observed hydrometeor information. The method retrieves rain rates by exploiting the synergistic relations between the TMI and PR observations in twofold steps. First, the fundamental hydrometeor parameters, liquid water path (LWP) and ice water path (IWP), are estimated from the TMI brightness temperatures. Next, the rain rates are estimated from the retrieved hydrometeor parameters (LWP and IWP). A comparison of the hydrometeor retrievals by the Hydro-Rain algorithm is done with the TRMM PR 2A25 and GPROF 2A12 algorithms. The results reveal that the Hydro-Rain algorithm has good skills in estimating hydrometeor paths LWP and IWP, as well as surface rain rate. An examination of the Hydro-Rain algorithm is also conducted on a super typhoon case, in which the Hydro-Rain has shown very good performance in reproducing the typhoon field. Nevertheless, the passive microwave based estimate of hydrometeors appears to suffer in high rain rate regimes, and as the rain rate increases, the discrepancies with hydrometeor estimates tend to increase as well. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Islam, Tanvir] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, College Pk, MD USA.
[Islam, Tanvir] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Islam, Tanvir; Srivastava, Prashant K.; Rico-Ramirez, Miguel A.; Dai, Qiang; Han, Dawei] Univ Bristol, Dept Civil Engn, Bristol, Avon, England.
[Srivastava, Prashant K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Srivastava, Prashant K.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gupta, Manika] Indian Inst Technol Delhi, Dept Civil Engn, New Delhi, India.
RP Islam, T (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM tanvir.islam@noaa.gov
RI Islam, Tanvir/F-6922-2011; Rico-Ramirez, Miguel/H-3248-2014;
OI Rico-Ramirez, Miguel/0000-0002-8885-4582; Islam,
Tanvir/0000-0003-2429-3074
NR 20
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
EI 1873-2895
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD AUG-SEP
PY 2014
VL 145
BP 57
EP 68
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.03.019
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AJ8UK
UT WOS:000337983100005
ER
PT J
AU Lee, H
Yum, SS
Lee, SS
AF Lee, Hannah
Yum, Seong Soo
Lee, Seoung-Soo
TI A modeling study of the aerosol effects on ice microphysics in
convective cloud and precipitation development under different
thermodynamic conditions
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Cloud model; Aerosol effects; Ice microphysics; Cloud invigoration
ID CONDENSATION NUCLEI; WARM RAIN; PARTICLES; SENSITIVITY; DYNAMICS;
SPECTRA; DROPS
AB An improved approach for cloud droplet activation process parameterization is proposed that can utilize the empirically determined hygroscopicity information and practically limit the sizes of newly activated droplets. With the implementation of the improved approach in a cloud model, the aerosol effects on ice microphysics in convective cloud and precipitation development under different thermodynamic conditions is investigated. The model is run for four different thermodynamic soundings and three different aerosol types, maritime (M), continental (C) and polluted (P). Warm rain suppression by increased aerosol (i.e., CCN) is clearly demonstrated when weakly convective warm clouds are generated but the results are mixed when relatively stronger convective warm clouds are generated. For one of the two soundings that generate strong convective cold clouds, the accumulated precipitation amount is larger for C and P than for M, demonstrating the precipitation enhancement by increased CCN. For the maritime cloud, precipitation is initiated by the warm rain processes but ice hydrometeor particles form fast, which leads to early but weak cloud invigoration. Another stronger cloud invigoration occurs later for M but it is still weaker than that for C and P. It is the delayed accumulation of more water drops and ice particles for a burst of riming process and the latent heat release during the depositional growth of rimed ice particles that invigorate the cloud strongly for C and P. For the other sounding where freezing level is low, ice particles form fast for all three aerosol types and therefore warm rain suppression is not clearly shown. However, there still is more precipitation for C and P than for M until the accumulated precipitation amount becomes larger for M than for C near to the end of the model run. The results demonstrate that the precipitation response to aerosols indeed depends on the environmental conditions. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lee, Hannah; Yum, Seong Soo] Yonsei Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Lee, Seoung-Soo] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Yum, SS (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
EM ssyum@yonsei.ac.kr
FU Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program
[CATER_2012-3051]
FX This work is funded by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research
and Development Program under Grant CATER_2012-3051.
NR 38
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
EI 1873-2895
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD AUG-SEP
PY 2014
VL 145
BP 112
EP 129
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.03.022
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AJ8UK
UT WOS:000337983100010
ER
PT J
AU Sheen, DA
Tsang, W
AF Sheen, David A.
Tsang, Wing
TI A comparison of literature models for the oxidation of normal heptane
SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME
LA English
DT Article
DE Chemical model development; Heptane; Kinetics; Uncertainty analysis
ID FLAME REACTION-KINETICS; COMBUSTION CHEMISTRY; REACTION-MECHANISM;
HIGH-PRESSURES; OXYGEN FLAMES; CONSERVATION EQUATIONS; ATMOSPHERIC
PRESSURE; MIXTURE OXIDATION; LOW-TEMPERATURES; TIME-HISTORIES
AB The development of detailed chemical kinetic models has proceeded unabated since the pioneering work of Dixon-Lewis and coworkers forty-five years ago. In that time, computational power has increased ten million-fold, and yet, we do not have a consensus on a complete description for the pyrolysis and oxidation of fuels as simple as hydrogen. This paper presents a comparison of three detailed models and one lumped, semi-empirical model, all from literature, for the oxidation of normal heptane, a fuel of practical interest because of its use in gasoline surrogates. Specifically, the ignition delay times and species concentration histories predicted by the models are compared. We find that most of the models give predictions that agree with each other within the propagated uncertainty from the rate constant estimates, and also show "satisfactory agreement" with experimental measurements. Differences among the models can be attributed to peculiarities in how the models treat the initial decomposition of the fuel. The rate coefficients for these reactions do not agree within the uncertainty assigned for them, however, which means that the models are fundamentally, quantitatively different. The model's predictions agree with each other and with experiment, however. The predictive ability of the models is the only way we can fairly compare them, and by that measure all of the models are equally good. Given the predictive capability of the semi-empirical model, we suggest that future combustion research should concentrate on developing a model that treats only the key, rate-limiting processes in a rigorous manner, rather than continuing the current trend of attempting to describe all possible elementary reactions exactly. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute.
C1 [Sheen, David A.; Tsang, Wing] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sheen, DA (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8320, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.sheen@nist.gov
OI Sheen, David/0000-0003-1958-1848
NR 59
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0010-2180
EI 1556-2921
J9 COMBUST FLAME
JI Combust. Flame
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 161
IS 8
BP 1984
EP 1992
DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2014.01.014
PG 9
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA AJ8XD
UT WOS:000337990500003
ER
PT J
AU Sandel, M
Rohde, FC
Harris, PM
AF Sandel, Michael
Rohde, Fritz C.
Harris, Phillip M.
TI Interspecific relationships and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in
pygmy sunfishes (Centrarchidae: Elassoma)
SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Elassoma; Centrarchidae; Cytochrome b; Rhodopsin; PICH; Sexual
dimorphism
ID CYTOCHROME-B GENE; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; PHYLOGENIES; DIVERGENCE; FISHES;
FINS; DIVERSIFICATION; PERCIFORMES; VERTEBRATES; CHROMOSOME
AB The genus Elassoma represents a small but unique component of the aquatic biodiversity hotspot in southeastern North America. We present the first phylogeny of the seven described species, corroborated by sequence data from mitochondrial and nuclear protein coding genes. This analysis reveals a Coastal Plain clade sister to the geographically isolated, and federally protected, Elassoma alabamae. The Coastal Plain clade contains the widespread E. zonatum, which is sister to a clade primarily restricted to lowland Neogene subprovinces. We analyzed morphometric data in a phylogenetic context to illustrate the evolution of sexual shape dimorphism within the genus. Sixteen univariate and three multivariate traits were tested for significant sexual dimorphism for each species, and relative transformation rates were inferred from the time tree. A simple index of interspecific sexual dimorphism revealed greater disparity among sympatric species comparisons than among allopatric comparisons. Results implicate geology as a primary factor influencing ecological diversification, and sexual selection as a mechanism reinforcing reproductive isolation in areas of secondary contact. We discuss putative roles of geological history and sexual selection in the generation and maintenance of the aquatic biodiversity gradient in southeastern North America. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sandel, Michael] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sect Stat Genet, Birmingham, AL 35203 USA.
[Rohde, Fritz C.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Atlantic Branch, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Harris, Phillip M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol Sci, Birmingham, AL USA.
RP Sandel, M (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sect Stat Genet, Birmingham, AL 35203 USA.
EM msandel@uab.edu
OI Sandel, Michael/0000-0001-9083-9202
FU NHLBI [T32HL072757]
FX We thank D. Bechler, K Beshera, B. Fluker, G. Hubbard, C. Rhinehart, D.
Smith, and J. Williams for assistance in the field. We thank C. Cox, B.
O'meara, J. Quattro, P. Unmack and M. Warren for helpful discussion. A
portion of the morphometric data used in this study was kindly provided
by F. Snelson, who also provided helpful comments. We thank R. Arndt, G.
Orti, and two anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of
this manuscript. Postdoctoral support for M. Sandel was provided by
NHLBI Grant T32HL072757.
NR 64
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 14
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1055-7903
EI 1095-9513
J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL
JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 77
BP 166
EP 176
DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.018
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA AJ8CH
UT WOS:000337929800018
PM 24780749
ER
PT J
AU Tomlin, NA
Curtin, AE
White, M
Lehman, JH
AF Tomlin, N. A.
Curtin, A. E.
White, M.
Lehman, J. H.
TI Decrease in reflectance of vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes after
oxygen plasma treatment
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FORESTS; ARRAYS; FILMS; CRUST
AB Oxygen plasma treatment was used to lower the reflectance of multiwall vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNT). Specular reflectance measurements at an incident angle of 65 degrees from normal show a decrease in reflectance over the wavelength range of 250-2500 nm, with up to 5 times lower reflectance at long wavelengths. Total hemispherical reflectance measurements show a decrease in reflectance from 300-2400 nm, with up to 8 times lower reflectance at short wavelengths. Etch rate measurements and helium ion microscopy reveal that the oxygen plasma reduces the reflectance of VACNT by modifying the surface morphology, characterized by etching away the top layer and inducing agglomeration of nanotube tips. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Tomlin, N. A.; Curtin, A. E.; White, M.; Lehman, J. H.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Curtin, A. E.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Tomlin, NA (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM nathan.tomlin@nist.gov
RI Tomlin, Nathan/A-4927-2009
OI Tomlin, Nathan/0000-0002-8313-9045
NR 22
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 31
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
EI 1873-3891
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 74
BP 329
EP 332
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2014.03.040
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA AH7TY
UT WOS:000336339400034
ER
PT J
AU Galin, N
Wingham, DJ
Cullen, R
Francis, R
Lawrence, I
AF Galin, Natalia
Wingham, Duncan J.
Cullen, Robert
Francis, Richard
Lawrence, Isobel
TI Measuring the Pitch of CryoSat-2 Using the SAR Mode of the SIRAL
Altimeter
SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Altimetry; calibration; CryoSat-2; mispointing; pitch; synthetic
aperture radar (SAR)
ID RADAR ALTIMETER; MISSION; SURFACE
AB This letter describes the retrieval of the pitch of the CryoSat-2 satellite from the full bit rate (FBR) SAR mode data that are collected over the ocean by the SAR/Interferometric Radar Altimeter (SIRAL). Starting with the FBR SAR mode data, we form beams at the forward and backward look angles with respect to the nadir direction. If the satellite is flying pitched, the asymmetrical weighting of the echo power in the forward-looking and backward-looking beams that resulted from the along-track antenna gain pattern is used to measure the pitch of the satellite. The method depends on accurate knowledge of the orbit and the altimeter echoes only. In consequence, we are able to compare the results with the contemporaneous pitch value that is measured by the onboard star trackers, and particularly, we are able to determine a bias in the star tracker pitch measurements. We find that the star trackers' pitch measurements are biased, with a constant offset of 0.055 degrees +/- 0.0073 degrees. Because the star tracker attitude is used to inform the onboard control system, this bias implies that CryoSat-2 is flying nose up, with an average pitch of about 0.055.
C1 [Galin, Natalia] NOAA, Lab Satellite Altimetry, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Wingham, Duncan J.; Lawrence, Isobel] UCL, Fac Math & Phys Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Ctr Polar Observat & Modelling, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Cullen, Robert; Francis, Richard] European Space Agcy, European Space Res & Technol Ctr, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands.
RP Galin, N (reprint author), NOAA, Lab Satellite Altimetry, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM natalia.galin@noaa.gov; djw@ucl.ac.uk; robert.cullen@esa.int;
richard.francis@esa.int; i.lawrence@ucl.ac.uk
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration through the Ocean Remote
Sensing Program
FX This work was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration through the Ocean Remote Sensing Program funding.
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 22
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1545-598X
EI 1558-0571
J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S
JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 11
IS 8
BP 1399
EP 1403
DI 10.1109/LGRS.2013.2293960
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA AD2VY
UT WOS:000333095200018
ER
PT J
AU Cook, GS
Parnell, PE
Levin, LA
AF Cook, Geoffrey S.
Parnell, P. Ed
Levin, Lisa A.
TI Population Connectivity Shifts at High Frequency within an Open-Coast
Marine Protected Area Network
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CORAL-REEF FISH; LARVAL CONNECTIVITY; SWIMMING ABILITIES; DISPERSAL;
PATTERNS; RECRUITMENT; RESERVES; METAPOPULATIONS; REPLENISHMENT;
PERSISTENCE
AB A complete understanding of population connectivity via larval dispersal is of great value to the effective design and management of marine protected areas (MPA). However empirical estimates of larval dispersal distance, self-recruitment, and within season variability of population connectivity patterns and their influence on metapopulation structure remain rare. We used high-resolution otolith microchemistry data from the temperate reef fish Hypsypops rubicundus to explore biweekly, seasonal, and annual connectivity patterns in an open-coast MPA network. The three MPAs, spanning 46 km along the southern California coastline were connected by larval dispersal, but the magnitude and direction of connections reversed between 2008 and 2009. Self-recruitment, i.e. spawning, dispersal, and settlement to the same location, was observed at two locations, one of which is a MPA. Self-recruitment to this MPA ranged from 50-84%; within the entire 60 km study region, self-recruitment accounted for 45% of all individuals settling to study reefs. On biweekly time scales we observed directional variability in alongshore current data and larval dispersal trajectories; if viewed in isolation these data suggest the system behaves as a source-sink metapopulation. However aggregate biweekly data over two years reveal a reef network in which H. rubicundus behaves more like a well-mixed metapopulation. As one of the few empirical studies of population connectivity within a temperate open coast reef network, this work can inform the MPA design process, implementation of ecosystem based management plans, and facilitate conservation decisions.
C1 [Cook, Geoffrey S.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Cook, Geoffrey S.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Parnell, P. Ed; Levin, Lisa A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Integrat Oceanog Div, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Cook, GS (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM gcook@rsmas.miami.edu
FU United States Environmental Protection Agency Science; NSF- Marine
Biodiversity and Conservation IGERT Fellowship (NSF) [0333444];
University of California Coastal Environmental Quality Initiative
Graduate Fellowship; Moore Family Foundation - Center for Marine
Biodiversity and Conservation at SIO; PADI Foundation; Mia J. Tegner
coastal ecology grant; California Seagrant Traineeship [52-ANS-N]; NSF
[OCE 0648656]
FX This study was supported in part by the United States Environmental
Protection Agency Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Graduate Fellowship
Program, an NSF- Marine Biodiversity and Conservation IGERT Fellowship
(NSF Award No. 0333444), a University of California Coastal
Environmental Quality Initiative Graduate Fellowship, a Moore Family
Foundation grant awarded by the Center for Marine Biodiversity and
Conservation at SIO, a PADI Foundation grant, a Mia J. Tegner coastal
ecology grant, and a California Seagrant Traineeship (52-ANS-N) to GSC.
LAL was supported by NSF award OCE 0648656. The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 64
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 31
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 7
AR e103654
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0103654
PG 18
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AM6EF
UT WOS:000339954800063
PM 25077486
ER
PT J
AU Schroer, MD
Kolodrubetz, MH
Kindel, WF
Sandberg, M
Gao, J
Vissers, MR
Pappas, DP
Polkovnikov, A
Lehnert, KW
AF Schroer, M. D.
Kolodrubetz, M. H.
Kindel, W. F.
Sandberg, M.
Gao, J.
Vissers, M. R.
Pappas, D. P.
Polkovnikov, Anatoli
Lehnert, K. W.
TI Measuring a Topological Transition in an Artificial Spin-1/2 System
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTIZED HALL CONDUCTANCE; BERRYS PHASE; GRAPHENE
AB We present measurements of a topological property, the Chern number (C-1), of a closed manifold in the space of two-level system Hamiltonians, where the two-level system is formed from a superconducting qubit. We manipulate the parameters of the Hamiltonian of the superconducting qubit along paths in the manifold and extract C-1 from the nonadiabatic response of the qubit. By adjusting the manifold such that a degeneracy in the Hamiltonian passes from inside to outside the manifold, we observe a topological transition C-1 = 1 -> 0. Our measurement of C-1 is quantized to within 2% on either side of the transition.
C1 [Schroer, M. D.; Lehnert, K. W.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Schroer, M. D.; Lehnert, K. W.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kolodrubetz, M. H.; Polkovnikov, Anatoli] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Kindel, W. F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sandberg, M.; Gao, J.; Vissers, M. R.; Pappas, D. P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lehnert, K. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Schroer, MD (reprint author), GE Aviat, Cincinnati, OH 45215 USA.
RI Lehnert, Konrad/B-7577-2009
OI Lehnert, Konrad/0000-0002-0750-9649
FU National Science Foundation [1125844, NSF DMR-0907039, AFOSR
FA9550-10-1-0110]; Laboratory for Physical Sciences; NRC
FX We would like to acknowledge useful discussions with Maxim Vavilov and
Pedram Roushan. This work was supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grants No. 1125844, No NSF DMR-0907039, No. AFOSR
FA9550-10-1-0110. This work was supported in part by the Laboratory for
Physical Sciences and also performed in part at the NIST Center for
Nanoscale Science and Technology. M. D. S. is supported by the NRC.
NR 42
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 30
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 5
AR 050402
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.050402
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AM6JD
UT WOS:000339969600001
PM 25126902
ER
PT J
AU Bloch, ED
Hudson, MR
Mason, JA
Chavan, S
Crocella, V
Howe, JD
Lee, K
Dzubak, AL
Queen, WL
Zadrozny, JM
Geier, SJ
Lin, LC
Gagliardi, L
Smit, B
Neaton, JB
Bordiga, S
Brown, CM
Long, JR
AF Bloch, Eric D.
Hudson, Matthew R.
Mason, Jarad A.
Chavan, Sachin
Crocella, Valentina
Howe, Joshua D.
Lee, Kyuho
Dzubak, Allison L.
Queen, Wendy L.
Zadrozny, Joseph M.
Geier, Stephen J.
Lin, Li-Chiang
Gagliardi, Laura
Smit, Berend
Neaton, Jeffrey B.
Bordiga, Silvia
Brown, Craig M.
Long, Jeffrey R.
TI Reversible CO Binding Enables Tunable CO/H-2 and CO/N-2 Separations in
Metal-Organic Frameworks with Exposed Divalent Metal Cations
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON(II) COORDINATION SITES; CARBON-DIOXIDE CAPTURE; AUGMENTED-WAVE
METHOD; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; BASIS-SETS; FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS; HYDROGEN
ADSORPTION; SWING ADSORPTION; COMPLEXES; MONOXIDE
AB Six metal organic frameworks of the M-2(dobdc) (M = Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn; dobdc(4-) = 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarbox-ylate) structure type are demonstrated to bind carbon monoxide reversibly and at high capacity. Infrared spectra indicate that, upon coordination of CO to the divalent metal cations lining the pores within these frameworks, the C-O stretching frequency is blue-shifted, consistent with nonclassical metal-CO interactions. Structure determinations reveal M-CO distances ranging from 2.09(2) angstrom for M = Ni to 2.49(1) angstrom for M = Zn and M-C-O angles ranging from 161.2(7)degrees for M = Mg to 176.9(6) for M = Fe. Electronic structure calculations employing density functional theory (DFT) resulted in good agreement with the trends apparent in the infrared spectra and crystal structures. These results represent the first crystallographically characterized magnesium and zinc carbonyl compounds and the first high-spin manganese(II), iron(II), cobalt(II), and nickel(II) carbonyl species. Adsorption isotherms indicate reversible adsorption, with capacities for the Fe, Co, and Ni frameworks approaching one CO per metal cation site at 1 bar, corresponding to loadings as high as 6.0 mmol/g and 157 cm(3)/cm(3). The six frameworks display (negative) isosteric heats of CO adsorption ranging from 52.7 to 27.2 kJ/mol along the series Ni > Co > Fe > Mg > Mn > Zn, following the Irving Williams stability order. The reversible CO binding suggests that these frameworks may be of utility for the separation of CO from various industrial gas mixtures, including CO/H-2 and CO/N-2. Selectivities determined from gas adsorption isotherm data using ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) over a range of gas compositions at 1 bar and 298 K indicate that all six M-2(dobdc) frameworks could potentially be used as solid adsorbents to replace current cryogenic distillation technologies, with the choice of M dictating adsorbent regeneration energy and the level of purity of the resulting gases.
C1 [Bloch, Eric D.; Mason, Jarad A.; Zadrozny, Joseph M.; Geier, Stephen J.; Smit, Berend; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hudson, Matthew R.; Queen, Wendy L.; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chavan, Sachin; Crocella, Valentina; Bordiga, Silvia] Univ Turin, NIS, Dept Chem, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
[Chavan, Sachin; Crocella, Valentina; Bordiga, Silvia] Univ Turin, INSTM Ctr Reference, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
[Howe, Joshua D.; Lee, Kyuho; Lin, Li-Chiang; Smit, Berend] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Howe, Joshua D.; Lee, Kyuho; Queen, Wendy L.; Neaton, Jeffrey B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dzubak, Allison L.; Gagliardi, Laura] Univ Minnesota, Chem Theory Ctr, Dept Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Dzubak, Allison L.; Gagliardi, Laura] Univ Minnesota, Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Smit, Berend; Neaton, Jeffrey B.; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Sci Mat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Neaton, Jeffrey B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Neaton, Jeffrey B.] Kavli Energy NanoSci Inst Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Long, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jrlong@berkeley.edu
RI Lin, Li-Chiang/J-8120-2014; Smit, Berend/B-7580-2009; EFRC,
CGS/I-6680-2012; Bordiga, Silvia/M-3875-2014; Stangl,
Kristin/D-1502-2015; Zadrozny, Joseph/D-8206-2015; Brown,
Craig/B-5430-2009; Neaton, Jeffrey/F-8578-2015; Foundry,
Molecular/G-9968-2014; Crocella, Valentina/E-5203-2016; Chavan,
Sachin/B-8025-2014; Zadrozny, Joseph/A-1429-2017
OI Lin, Li-Chiang/0000-0002-2821-9501; Queen, Wendy/0000-0002-8375-2341;
Smit, Berend/0000-0003-4653-8562; Bordiga, Silvia/0000-0003-2371-4156;
Zadrozny, Joseph/0000-0002-1309-6545; Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355;
Neaton, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7585-6135; Crocella,
Valentina/0000-0002-3606-8424; Zadrozny, Joseph/0000-0002-1309-6545
FU Center for Gas Separations Relevant to Clean Energy Technologies, an
Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001015]; Nanoporous
Materials Genome Center of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences [DE-FG02-12ER16362]; MIUR-PRIN; Gerald K. Branch; Arkema;
NIST/NRC; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
FX The experimental portion of this research was supported through the
Center for Gas Separations Relevant to Clean Energy Technologies, an
Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award
DE-SC0001015. Computational studies were supported through the
Nanoporous Materials Genome Center of the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences, under Award Number DE-FG02-12ER16362.
S.B., V.C., and S.C. acknowledge financial support from MIUR-PRIN
(2010-2011). We thank Samuel Odoh for helpful discussions. We thank
Gerald K. Branch and Arkema for fellowship support of E.D.B., the
NIST/NRC Fellowship program for support of M.R.H., the National Science
Foundation for fellowship support of J.A.M. Portions of this work were
performed at the Molecular Foundry, supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences.
NR 95
TC 37
Z9 40
U1 15
U2 162
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUL 30
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 30
BP 10752
EP 10761
DI 10.1021/ja505318p
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AM2PS
UT WOS:000339693900033
PM 24999916
ER
PT J
AU Pires, R
Repp, M
Ulmanis, J
Kuhnle, ED
Weidemuller, M
Tiecke, TG
Greene, CH
Ruzic, BP
Bohn, JL
Tiemann, E
AF Pires, R.
Repp, M.
Ulmanis, J.
Kuhnle, E. D.
Weidemueller, M.
Tiecke, T. G.
Greene, Chris H.
Ruzic, Brandon P.
Bohn, John L.
Tiemann, E.
TI Analyzing Feshbach resonances: A Li-6-Cs-133 case study
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-DEFECT THEORY; SCATTERING LENGTHS; GENERAL-FORM; FERMI GAS;
ATOMS; COLLISIONS; MOLECULES; DIMERS; LI-6
AB We provide a comprehensive comparison of a coupled channel calculation, the asymptotic bound-state model (ABM), and the multichannel quantum defect theory (MQDT). Quantitative results for Li-6 -Cs-133 are presented and compared to previously measured Li-6 -Cs-133 Feshbach resonances (FRs) [Repp et al., Phys. Rev. A 87, 010701(R) (2013)]. We demonstrate how the accuracy of the ABM can be stepwise improved by including magnetic dipole-dipole interactions and coupling to a nondominant virtual state. We present a MQDT calculation, where magnetic dipole-dipole and second-order spin-orbit interactions are included. A frame transformation formalism is introduced, which allows the assignment of measured FRs with only three parameters. All three models achieve a total rms error of <1 G on the observed FRs. We critically compare the different models in view of the accuracy for the description of FRs and the required input parameters for the calculations.
C1 [Pires, R.; Repp, M.; Ulmanis, J.; Kuhnle, E. D.; Weidemueller, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Tiecke, T. G.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Tiecke, T. G.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Tiecke, T. G.] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Greene, Chris H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Ruzic, Brandon P.; Bohn, John L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ruzic, Brandon P.; Bohn, John L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Tiemann, E.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Quantenopt, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
RP Pires, R (reprint author), Heidelberg Univ, Inst Phys, Neuenheimer Feld 226, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
EM weidemueller@uni-heidelberg.de; tiecke@physics.harvard.edu;
chgreene@purdue.edu; tiemann@iqo.uni-hannover.de
RI Greene, Chris/C-3821-2011; Weidemuller, Matthias/N-2232-2014
OI Greene, Chris/0000-0002-2096-6385; Weidemuller,
Matthias/0000-0001-5639-5126
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science; CQD; IMPRS-QD; DAAD
FX The work carried out at Colorado and at Purdue has been supported by the
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science. The work carried out in
Heidelberg was supported by the CQD. R.P. acknowledges support by the
IMPRS-QD. J.U. acknowledges support by the DAAD.
NR 64
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
EI 1094-1622
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 30
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 1
AR 012710
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.012710
PG 14
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA AM6KG
UT WOS:000339973000005
ER
PT J
AU Sokolov, DA
Aronson, MC
Wu, L
Zhu, Y
Nelson, C
Mansfield, JF
Sun, K
Erwin, R
Lynn, JW
Lumsden, M
Nagler, SE
AF Sokolov, D. A.
Aronson, M. C.
Wu, L.
Zhu, Y.
Nelson, C.
Mansfield, J. F.
Sun, K.
Erwin, R.
Lynn, J. W.
Lumsden, M.
Nagler, S. E.
TI Neutron, electron, and x-ray scattering investigation of Cr1-xVx near
quantum criticality
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN-DENSITY-WAVE; PHASE-TRANSITION; CHROMIUM-ALLOYS; STRAIN WAVE;
ANTIFERROMAGNETISM; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; SUPPRESSION; SR3RU2O7; CHARGE;
METAL
AB The weakness of electron-electron correlations in the itinerant antiferromagnet Cr doped with V has long been considered the reason that neither new collective electronic states nor even non-Fermi-liquid behavior are observed when antiferromagnetism in Cr1-xVx is suppressed to zero temperature. We present the results of neutron and electron diffraction measurements of several lightly doped single crystals of Cr1-xVx in which the archetypal spin density wave instability is progressively suppressed as the V content increases, freeing the nesting-prone Fermi surface for a new striped charge instability that occurs at x(c) = 0.037. This novel nesting driven instability relieves the entropy accumulation associated with the suppression of the spin density wave and avoids the formation of a quantum critical point by stabilizing a new type of charge order at temperatures in excess of 400 K. Restructuring of the Fermi surface near quantum critical points is a feature found in materials as diverse as heavy fermions, high-temperature copper oxide superconductors and now even elemental metals such as Cr.
C1 [Sokolov, D. A.; Aronson, M. C.; Wu, L.; Zhu, Y.; Nelson, C.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Aronson, M. C.; Zhu, Y.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Mansfield, J. F.; Sun, K.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48090 USA.
[Erwin, R.; Lynn, J. W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lumsden, M.; Nagler, S. E.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Sokolov, DA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM dsokolov@staffmail.ed.ac.uk
RI Sokolov, D/G-7755-2011; Nagler, Stephen/E-4908-2010; Lumsden,
Mark/F-5366-2012
OI Nagler, Stephen/0000-0002-7234-2339; Lumsden, Mark/0000-0002-5472-9660
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-98CH1886, DE-AC02-98CH10886]; National Science Foundation
[EAR-99-11352]; National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S.
Department of Commerce; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division
FX D.A.S. and M.C.A. would like to thank A. M. Tsvelik, J. Tranquada, T. M.
Rice and S. M. Shapiro for useful discussions. Work at BNL was carried
out under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences under Contracts No. DE-AC02-98CH1886 (M.C.A. and D.A.S.)
and DE-AC02-98CH10886 (Y.Z. and C.N.). Work at ORNL (M.L. and S.E.N.)
was carried out under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Scientific User Facilities Division.
The electron microprobe at the University of Michigan used in this study
was partially funded by Grant No. EAR-99-11352 from the National Science
Foundation. We acknowledge the support of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce in providing the
neutron research facilities used in this work. Identification of
commercial equipment in the text is not intended to imply recommendation
or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 24
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 29
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 3
AR 035139
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.035139
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AO4LU
UT WOS:000341310900002
ER
PT J
AU Brown, PT
Li, WH
Li, LF
Ming, Y
AF Brown, Patrick T.
Li, Wenhong
Li, Laifang
Ming, Yi
TI Top-of-atmosphere radiative contribution to unforced decadal global
temperature variability in climate models
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; INTERDECADAL PACIFIC OSCILLATION; EQUATORIAL
PACIFIC; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; BUDGET; SENSITIVITY; PREDICTION;
FEEDBACKS; CLOUDS; SYSTEM
AB Much recent work has focused on unforced global mean surface air temperature (T) variability associated with the efficiency of heat transport into the deep ocean. Here the relationship between unforced variability in T and the Earth's top-of-atmosphere (TOA) energy balance is explored in preindustrial control runs of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 multimodel ensemble. It is found that large decadal scale variations in T tend to be significantly enhanced by the net energy flux at the TOA. This indicates that unforced decadal variability in T is not only caused by a redistribution of heat within the climate system but can also be associated with unforced changes in the total amount of heat in the climate system. It is found that the net TOA radiation imbalances result mostly from changes in albedo associated with the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation that temporarily counteracts the climate system's outgoing longwave (i.e., Stefan-Boltzmann) response to T change.
C1 [Brown, Patrick T.; Li, Wenhong; Li, Laifang] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Ming, Yi] Princeton Univ, NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Brown, PT (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM Patrick.Brown@duke.edu
RI Ming, Yi/F-3023-2012
FU NSF [AGS-1147608]
FX We would like to acknowledge Norman Loeb, Jonathan Jiang, and Ana Barros
for offering insightful comments on this research. We acknowledge the
World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling,
which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups
for producing and making available their model output. For CMIP, the
U.S. Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and
Intercomparison provides coordinating support and led development of
software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for
Earth System Science Portals. We would also like to acknowledge the work
of Geert Jan van Oldenborgh for providing CMIP5 data at
http://climexp.knmi.nl/. This work was partially supported by NSF grant
AGS-1147608.
NR 51
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 14
BP 5175
EP 5183
DI 10.1002/2014GL060625
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AQ5KD
UT WOS:000342846100004
ER
PT J
AU Msadek, R
Vecchi, GA
Winton, M
Gudgel, RG
AF Msadek, R.
Vecchi, G. A.
Winton, M.
Gudgel, R. G.
TI Importance of initial conditions in seasonal predictions of Arctic sea
ice extent
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DYNAMICAL FORECAST SYSTEM; CLIMATE MODELS; ENSEMBLE; PREDICTABILITY;
SKILL; GCM
AB We present seasonal predictions of Arctic sea ice extent (SIE) over the 1982-2013 period using two suites of retrospective forecasts initialized from a fully coupled ocean-atmosphere-sea ice assimilation system. High skill scores are found in predicting year-to-year fluctuations of Arctic SIE, with significant correlations up to 7 month ahead for September detrended anomalies. Predictions over the recent era, which coincides with an improved observational coverage, outperform the earlier period for most target months. We find, however, a degradation of skill in September during the last decade, a period of sea ice thinning in observations. The two prediction models, Climate Model version 2.1 (CM2.1) and Forecast-oriented Low Ocean Resolution (FLOR), share very similar ocean and ice component and initialization but differ by their atmospheric component. FLOR has improved climatological atmospheric circulation and sea ice mean state, but its skill is overall similar to CM2.1 for most seasons, which suggests a key role for initial conditions in predicting seasonal SIE fluctuations.
C1 [Msadek, R.; Vecchi, G. A.; Winton, M.; Gudgel, R. G.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Msadek, R.] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Msadek, R (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM Rym.Msadek@noaa.gov
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X
NR 22
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 14
BP 5208
EP 5215
DI 10.1002/2014GL060799
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AQ5KD
UT WOS:000342846100008
ER
PT J
AU Attota, R
Dixson, RG
AF Attota, Ravikiran
Dixson, Ronald G.
TI Resolving three-dimensional shape of sub-50 nm wide lines with
nanometer-scale sensitivity using conventional optical microscopes
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RECONSTRUCTION MICROSCOPY; DIMENSIONAL METROLOGY; RESOLUTION; NANOSCOPY
AB We experimentally demonstrate that the three-dimensional (3-D) shape variations of nanometer-scale objects can be resolved and measured with sub-nanometer scale sensitivity using conventional optical microscopes by analyzing 4-D optical data using the through-focus scanning optical microscopy (TSOM) method. These initial results show that TSOM-determined cross-sectional (3-D) shape differences of 30 nm-40 nm wide lines agree well with critical-dimension atomic force microscope measurements. The TSOM method showed a linewidth uncertainty of 1.22 nm (k = 2). Complex optical simulations are not needed for analysis using the TSOM method, making the process simple, economical, fast, and ideally suited for high volume nanomanufacturing process monitoring.
C1 [Attota, Ravikiran; Dixson, Ronald G.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Attota, R (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Ravikiran.attota@nist.gov
FU Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division of the NIST Physical
Measurement Laboratory (PML)
FX We thank R. Kasica and L. Chen from the Center for Nanoscale Science and
Technology (CNST) at NIST for their assistance in sample preparation; H.
Lezec (from CNST), J. Potzick, and J. Kramar for discussions; J.
Villarubia for measurement resolution calculations; H. Park for
assisting in preparing figures; the Semiconductor and Dimensional
Metrology Division of the NIST Physical Measurement Laboratory (PML) for
partial support; and R. Silver for providing access to a NIST optical
microscope.
NR 34
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 105
IS 4
AR 043101
DI 10.1063/1.4891676
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AO2LB
UT WOS:000341152600065
ER
PT J
AU Garberoglio, G
Jankowski, P
Szalewicz, K
Harvey, AH
AF Garberoglio, Giovanni
Jankowski, Piotr
Szalewicz, Krzysztof
Harvey, Allan H.
TI Path-integral calculation of the second virial coefficient including
intramolecular flexibility effects
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROGEN ISOTOPES; 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES;
3-BODY INTERACTIONS; DIATOMIC-MOLECULES; MONOMER GEOMETRY; BOILING
POINT; STATE; HELIUM; WATER
AB We present a path-integral Monte Carlo procedure for the fully quantum calculation of the second molecular virial coefficient accounting for intramolecular flexibility. This method is applied to molecular hydrogen (H-2) and deuterium (D-2) in the temperature range 15-2000 K, showing that the effect of molecular flexibility is not negligible. Our results are in good agreement with experimental data, as well as with virials given by recent empirical equations of state, although some discrepancies are observed for H-2 between 100 and 200 K. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Garberoglio, Giovanni] FBK CMM, Interdisciplinary Lab Computat Sci LISC, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy.
[Garberoglio, Giovanni] Univ Trento, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy.
[Jankowski, Piotr] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Dept Quantum Chem, Fac Chem, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Szalewicz, Krzysztof] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Harvey, Allan H.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Garberoglio, G (reprint author), FBK CMM, Interdisciplinary Lab Computat Sci LISC, Via Sommar 18, I-38123 Povo, TN, Italy.
EM garberoglio@fbk.eu
RI Jankowski, Piotr/O-5874-2015;
OI Garberoglio, Giovanni/0000-0002-9201-2716
FU Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare through the "Supercalcolo";
Fondazione Bruno Kessler; National Science Foundation (NSF)
[CHE-1152899]
FX We thank J. W. Leachman for providing the equation of state of
D2 ahead of publication, an anonymous reviewer of Ref. 3 for
suggesting a way to improve the ground-state rigid-rotor approximation,
and Bogumil Jeziorski for reading and commenting on the manuscript. G.
G. acknowledges support by Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare through
the "Supercalcolo" agreement with Fondazione Bruno Kessler. The
calculations were performed on the KORE computing cluster at Fondazione
Bruno Kessler. This work was partly supported by the National Science
Foundation (NSF) Grant No. CHE-1152899.
NR 42
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 141
IS 4
AR 044119
DI 10.1063/1.4890440
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AN6NT
UT WOS:000340712200027
PM 25084893
ER
PT J
AU Iliev, M
Meier, AK
Galloway, B
Adams, DE
Squier, JA
Durfee, CG
AF Iliev, Marin
Meier, Amanda K.
Galloway, Benjamin
Adams, Daniel E.
Squier, Jeff A.
Durfee, Charles G.
TI Measurement of energy contrast of amplified ultrashort pulses using
cross-polarized wave generation and spectral interferometry
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER-PULSES; AMPLIFICATION; ROTATION
AB We present a method using spectral interferometry (SI) to characterize a pulse in the presence of an incoherent background such as amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). The output of a regenerative amplifier is interfered with a copy of the pulse that has been converted using third-order cross-polarized wave generation (XPW). The ASE shows as a pedestal background in the interference pattern. The energy contrast between the short-pulse component and the ASE is retrieved. The spectra of the interacting beams are obtained through an improvement to the self-referenced spectral interferometry (SRSI) analysis. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America
C1 [Iliev, Marin; Meier, Amanda K.; Squier, Jeff A.; Durfee, Charles G.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Galloway, Benjamin; Adams, Daniel E.] Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Durfee, CG (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Phys, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM cdurfee@mines.edu
FU AFOSR [FA9550-10-1-0394, FA9550-10-1-0561]; DOE [DE-SC0001559]
FX We acknowledge funding support from AFOSR (FA9550-10-1-0394) and from
DOE (DE-SC0001559). CD and AM acknowledge funding support from AFOSR
(FA9550-10-1-0561).
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 8
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 15
BP 17968
EP 17978
DI 10.1364/OE.22.017968
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AN6DV
UT WOS:000340685600037
PM 25089416
ER
PT J
AU Schwarze, TS
Gerberding, O
Cervantes, FG
Heinzel, G
Danzmann, K
AF Schwarze, Thomas S.
Gerberding, Oliver
Cervantes, Felipe Guzman
Heinzel, Gerhard
Danzmann, Karsten
TI Advanced phasemeter for deep phase modulation interferometry
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
AB We present the development of an advanced phasemeter for the deep phase modulation interferometry technique. This technique aims for precise length measurements with a high dynamic range using little optical hardware. The advanced phasemeter uses fast ADCs and an FPGA to implement a design of multiple single-bin Fourier transforms running at high sampling rates. Non-linear noise sources in the design were analyzed and suppressed. A null measurement with an optical beatnote signal using lambda = 1064 nm was conducted. It showed a sensitivity of 0.8 mu rad/root Hz below 10 Hz and 13.3 mu rad/root Hz above, with a large dynamic range. The shown performance could enable the measuring of optical path lengths with sensitivities down to 0.14 pm/root Hz and 2.3 pm/root Hz, respectively, over several fringes in an interferometric setup. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America
C1 [Schwarze, Thomas S.; Gerberding, Oliver; Cervantes, Felipe Guzman; Heinzel, Gerhard; Danzmann, Karsten] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Max Planck Inst Gravitationsphys, Albert Einstein Inst, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
[Schwarze, Thomas S.; Gerberding, Oliver; Cervantes, Felipe Guzman; Heinzel, Gerhard; Danzmann, Karsten] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Gravitationsphys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
[Cervantes, Felipe Guzman] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Schwarze, TS (reprint author), Leibniz Univ Hannover, Max Planck Inst Gravitationsphys, Albert Einstein Inst, Callinstr 38, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
EM thomas.schwarze@aei.mpg.de
RI Gerberding, Oliver/I-1408-2014; Guzman, Felipe/H-6453-2011
OI Gerberding, Oliver/0000-0001-7740-2698; Guzman,
Felipe/0000-0001-9136-929X
FU Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) [50 OQ 0501, 50 OQ 0601]
FX We gratefully acknowledge support by the Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und
Raumfahrt (DLR) (references 50 OQ 0501 and 50 OQ 0601).
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 15
BP 18214
EP 18223
DI 10.1364/OE.22.018214
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AN6DV
UT WOS:000340685600061
PM 25089440
ER
PT J
AU Churnside, JH
Sullivan, JM
Twardowski, MS
AF Churnside, James H.
Sullivan, James M.
Twardowski, Michael S.
TI Lidar extinction-to-backscatter ratio of the ocean
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEANOGRAPHIC LIDAR; ATTENUATION COEFFICIENTS; COASTAL WATERS; AIRBORNE
LIDAR; CIRRUS CLOUDS; RAMAN LIDAR; SCATTERING; ABSORPTION; LIGHT;
PHYTOPLANKTON
AB Bio-optical models are used to develop a model of the lidar extinction-to-backscatter ratio applicable to oceanographic lidar. The model is based on chlorophyll concentration, and is expected to be valid for Case 1 waters. The limiting cases of narrow-and wide-beam lidars are presented and compared with estimates based on in situ optical measurements. Lidar measurements are also compared with the model using in situ or satellite estimates of chlorophyll concentration. A modified lidar ratio is defined, in which the properties of pure sea water are removed. This modified ratio is shown to be nearly constant for wide-beam lidar operating in low-chlorophyll waters, so accurate inversion to derive extinction and backscattering is possible under these conditions. This ratio can also be used for lidar calibration. (C) 2014 Optical Society of America
C1 [Churnside, James H.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Sullivan, James M.; Twardowski, Michael S.] Dept Res, WET Labs, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Sullivan, James M.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Churnside, JH (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM james.h.churnside@noaa.gov
RI Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
FU National Ocean Partnership Program; NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration;
Office of Naval Research Optics and Biology Program [N0001410IP20035,
N0001409IP20039]; NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry [NNX06AH32G,
NNX06AH86G]
FX Open-ocean lidar data collection was partially supported by the National
Ocean Partnership Program and the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration. East
Sound lidar data collection was partially supported by the Office of
Naval Research Optics and Biology Program under Award Nos.
N0001410IP20035 and N0001409IP20039. The authors acknowledge the MODIS
Science team for the Science Algorithms, the Processing Team for
producing MODIS data, and the GES DAAC MODIS Data Support Team for
making MODIS data available to the user community. In situ optical data
collection was supported by the NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry
program under award nos. NNX06AH32G and NNX06AH86G.
NR 42
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Z9 6
U1 2
U2 15
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 15
BP 18698
EP 18706
DI 10.1364/OE.22.018698
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AN6DV
UT WOS:000340685600108
PM 25089487
ER
PT J
AU Druffel, ERM
Griffin, S
Glynn, DS
Dunbar, RB
Mucciarone, DA
Toggweiler, JR
AF Druffel, Ellen R. M.
Griffin, Sheila
Glynn, Danielle S.
Dunbar, Robert B.
Mucciarone, David A.
Toggweiler, J. Robert
TI Seasonal radiocarbon and oxygen isotopes in a Galapagos coral:
Calibration with climate indices
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EASTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPICAL PACIFIC;
NORTH PACIFIC; VARIABILITY; RECORD; THERMOCLINE; CIRCULATION; OCEAN;
SHIFT
AB We present seasonal Delta C-14 and delta O-18 measurements from a Galapagos coral sequence that grew during the early 20th century. Our results show that both Delta C-14 and delta O-18 values are correlated with sea surface temperature in the Nino 3.4 region and are indicators of El Nino-Southern Oscillation. There is a significant inverse correlation between Delta C-14 and delta O-18 values when Delta C-14 is lagged by similar to 2 months, indicating that sea surface temperature changes precede upwelling changes at this eastern equatorial location. We find that cold season low- Delta C-14 values were higher after the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) changed from a positive to a negative phase. Cold season high- delta O-18 values were significantly higher after the PDO shift as well. These findings suggest that there are two sources of low- Delta C-14 waters that upwell at the Galapagos, Subantarctic Mode Water and shallow overturning water from the subpolar North Pacific.
C1 [Druffel, Ellen R. M.; Griffin, Sheila; Glynn, Danielle S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Dunbar, Robert B.; Mucciarone, David A.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Toggweiler, J. Robert] Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, NOAA, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Druffel, ERM (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM edruffel@uci.edu
FU W.M. Keck Foundation; Jenkins Foundation; Kavli Foundation; NSF Chemical
Oceanography Program [OCE-0137207, OCE-0526463]; NSF Earth System
History Program [EAR-0402619]; NSF Climate Dynamics Program [GEO/ATM
0402562]
FX We express our gratitude to the following people for their support and
assistance during this project: John Southon and staff of the Keck
Carbon Cycle Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Laboratory at UCI. The W.M.
Keck Foundation, the Jenkins Foundation, the Kavli Foundation, and NSF
Chemical Oceanography Program (OCE-0137207 and OCE-0526463 to ERMD), NSF
Earth System History Program (EAR-0402619 to ERMD), and NSF Climate
Dynamics Program (GEO/ATM 0402562 to RBD) provided the funding. The data
reported in this paper are available at the NOAA National Climatic Data
Center under Paleoclimatology Data Sets.
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 29
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 14
BP 5099
EP 5105
DI 10.1002/2014GL060504
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AN4CU
UT WOS:000340536000038
ER
PT J
AU Radley, C
Fueglistaler, S
AF Radley, C.
Fueglistaler, S.
TI The role of large-scale convective organization for tropical high cloud
amount
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CIRCULATION; CLIMATE
AB Tropical high clouds are closely coupled to deep convection, but local cloud amount and convective mass flux are nonlinearly related. We use the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory atmosphere-only model AM2 forced with idealized sea surface temperature (SST) perturbations to study the sensitivity of high clouds to the large-scale distribution of convection. Increasing/decreasing the SST contrast between convective and nonconvective regions decreases/increases the tropical deep convective area, and warming of convective areas decreases the tropical average convective mass flux (< m(c)>). In all experiments, fractional high cloud amount changes are less than fractional changes in < m(c)>. High cloud amount is half as sensitive as expected from the climatological average cloud amount, as a function of convective mass flux, due to strong compensation from nonconvective high clouds. The latter results from changes in relative humidity related to the change in < m(c)>. This effect renders high cloud amount remarkably robust to perturbations, though radiative effects of convective and nonconvective clouds will differ.
C1 [Radley, C.; Fueglistaler, S.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Radley, C (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM cradley@princeton.edu
RI Fueglistaler, Stephan/I-5803-2013
FU Cooperative Institute for Climate Science [344-6126]; DOE [SC0006841]
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments and Yi Ming for his
help running the model. AM2 model data will be made available upon
request. This research was supported by the Cooperative Institute for
Climate Science under grant 344-6126, and in part by DOE grant
SC0006841.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 14
BP 5259
EP 5263
DI 10.1002/2014GL060904
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AN4CU
UT WOS:000340536000046
ER
PT J
AU Liang, Q
Newman, PA
Daniel, JS
Reimann, S
Hall, BD
Dutton, G
Kuijpers, LJM
AF Liang, Qing
Newman, Paul A.
Daniel, John S.
Reimann, Stefan
Hall, Bradley D.
Dutton, Geoff
Kuijpers, Lambert J. M.
TI Constraining the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) budget using its global
trend and inter-hemispheric gradient
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EMISSIONS; TRANSPORT; STRATOSPHERE; TROPOSPHERE; CHLORINE; FUTURE; GASES
AB Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a major anthropogenic ozone-depleting substance and greenhouse gas and has been regulated under the Montreal Protocol. However, the near-zero 2007-2012 emissions estimate based on the UNEP reported production and feedstock usage cannot be reconciled with the observed slow decline of atmospheric concentrations and the inter-hemispheric gradient (IHG) for CCl4. Our 3-D model simulations suggest that the observed IHG (1.5 +/- 0.2 ppt for 2000-2012) is primarily caused by ongoing current emissions, while ocean and soil losses and stratosphere-troposphere exchange together contribute a small negative gradient (similar to 0 - -0.3 ppt). Using the observed CCl4 global trend and IHG, we deduce that the mean global emissions for the 2000-2012 period are 39(34)(45) Gg/yr (similar to 30% of the peak 1980s emissions) and a corresponding total lifetime of 35(37)(32) years.
C1 [Liang, Qing; Newman, Paul A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Liang, Qing] Univ Space Res Assoc, GESTAR, Columbia, MD USA.
[Daniel, John S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Reimann, Stefan] Empa, Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Hall, Bradley D.; Dutton, Geoff] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Dutton, Geoff] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kuijpers, Lambert J. M.] Tech Univ Eindhoven, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
RP Liang, Q (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospher Chem & Dynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Qing.Liang-1@nasa.gov
RI Liang, Qing/B-1276-2011; Daniel, John/D-9324-2011; Reimann,
Stefan/A-2327-2009; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Reimann, Stefan/0000-0002-9885-7138;
NR 30
TC 8
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U1 1
U2 25
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 14
BP 5307
EP 5315
DI 10.1002/2014GL060754
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AN4CU
UT WOS:000340536000052
ER
PT J
AU Carlson, AE
Hoffmayer, ER
Tribuzio, CA
Sulikowski, JA
AF Carlson, Amy E.
Hoffmayer, Eric R.
Tribuzio, Cindy A.
Sulikowski, James A.
TI The Use of Satellite Tags to Redefine Movement Patterns of Spiny Dogfish
(Squalus acanthias) along the US East Coast: Implications for Fisheries
Management
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ATLANTIC BLUEFIN TUNA; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SHARKS
CARCHARODON-CARCHARIAS; DIEL VERTICAL MIGRATION; LIGHT-BASED
GEOLOCATION; OFFSHORE FORAGING AREA; BOTTOM-TRAWL SURVEY; STATE-SPACE
MODEL; GULF-OF-MEXICO; PACIFIC-OCEAN
AB Spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) are assumed to be a highly migratory species, making habitual north-south migrations throughout their northwestern Atlantic United States (U.S.) range. Also assumed to be a benthic species, spiny dogfish stock structure is estimated through Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) bottom-trawl surveys. Recent anomalies in population trends, including a recent four-fold increase in estimated spawning stock biomass, suggest alternative movement patterns could exist for this shark species. To obtain a better understanding of the horizontal and vertical movement dynamics of this species, Microwave Telemetry pop-up satellite archival X-Tags were attached to forty adult spiny dogfish at the northern (Gulf of Maine) and southern (North Carolina) extents of their core U.S. geographic range. Reconstructed geolocation tracks ranging in lengths from two to 12 months suggest that the seasonal migration patterns appear to be local in nature to each respective northern and southern deployment site, differing from previously published migration paradigms. Differences in distance and direction traveled between seasonal geolocations possibly indicate separate migratory patterns between groups. Kernel utilization distribution models also suggest strong separate core home ranges. Significant differences in seasonal temperature and depths between the two regions further substantiate the possibility of separate regional movement patterns between the two groups. Vertical utilization also suggests distinct diel patterns and that this species may not utilize the benthos as previously thought, potentially decreasing availability to benthic gear.
C1 [Carlson, Amy E.; Sulikowski, James A.] Univ New England, Ctr Marine Sci, Biddeford, ME 04005 USA.
[Hoffmayer, Eric R.] Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pascagoula, MS USA.
[Tribuzio, Cindy A.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Auke Bay Labs, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK USA.
RP Carlson, AE (reprint author), Univ New England, Ctr Marine Sci, Biddeford, ME 04005 USA.
EM acarlson1@une.edu
FU Saltonstall-Kennedy (S-K) Grant Program [NA09NMF4270099,
NA10NMF4270203]; Sturdivant Island Tuna Association
FX This project was supported by awards from the Saltonstall-Kennedy (S-K)
Grant Program (NA09NMF4270099 and NA10NMF4270203) and Sturdivant Island
Tuna Association to J.A.S. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 112
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 47
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 7
AR e103384
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0103384
PG 16
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AM6RZ
UT WOS:000339993700066
PM 25068584
ER
PT J
AU Reader, J
Gillaspy, JD
Osin, D
Ralchenko, Y
AF Reader, J.
Gillaspy, J. D.
Osin, D.
Ralchenko, Yu
TI Extreme ultraviolet spectra and analysis of Delta n=0 transitions in
highly charged barium
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE highly-charged ions; barium; extreme ultraviolet; EBIT
ID ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; ENERGY-LEVELS; CU-LIKE; IONS; WAVELENGTHS; EBIT
AB Extreme ultraviolet spectra of highly charged barium atoms were produced with an electron beam ion trap (EBIT) and recorded with a flat-field grazing-incidence spectrometer. The spectra were measured in the wavelength range 4 nm-24 nm with the beam energies varying from 700 eV to 30 000 eV. The line identifications were performed with collisional-radiative modeling of the EBIT plasma that provided good quantitative agreement between simulated and measured spectra. In the energy range 700 eV-1750 eV, fifty three n = 4-n = 4 transitions in Se-like (Ba22+) to Cu-like (Ba27+) ions were identified, with forty seven corresponding to new lines. Almost all lines are due to electric-dipole transitions. For the beam energies of 3945 eV-7530 eV, we identified eight new n = 3-n = 3 transitions in Ba42+ (Si-like), Ba43+ (Al-like), and Ba44+ (Mg-like). At the highest beam energy, 30 000 eV, three new n = 2-n = 2 transitions of Ba51+ (B-like), Ba52+ (Be-like), and Ba53+ (Li-like) were identified. The measured wavelengths are compared with recent ab initio theoretical calculations. An improved ionization energy for Ba26+ (Zn-like), IE = 937.2 +/- 0.8 eV, was determined by comparing theoretical values with measurements along the Zn isoelectronic sequence.
C1 [Reader, J.; Gillaspy, J. D.; Osin, D.; Ralchenko, Yu] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Reader, J (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yuri.ralchenko@nist.gov
RI Ralchenko, Yuri/E-9297-2016
OI Ralchenko, Yuri/0000-0003-0083-9554
FU Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy
FX This research was supported in part by the Office of Fusion Energy
Sciences of the US Department of Energy. We thank A Kramida for helpful
discussions concerning derivation of the ionization energy of Zn-like
Ba.
NR 32
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-4075
EI 1361-6455
J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT
JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys.
PD JUL 28
PY 2014
VL 47
IS 14
AR 145003
DI 10.1088/0953-4075/47/14/145003
PG 12
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA AL2IG
UT WOS:000338948600004
ER
PT J
AU Yu, FF
Wu, XQ
Grotenhuis, M
Qian, HF
AF Yu, Fangfang
Wu, Xiangqian
Grotenhuis, Michael
Qian, Haifeng
TI Intercalibration of GOES Imager visible channels over the Sonoran Desert
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-RESOLUTION RADIOMETER; REFLECTIVE SOLAR BANDS; OPERATIONAL
CALIBRATION; CROSS-CALIBRATION; SATELLITE DATA; AMERICA; RETRIEVAL;
SYSTEM; SITES; TERRA
AB The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) have been observing the Western Hemisphere since the late 1970s, providing valuable information for weather forecast and climate change studies. Due to the lack of an onboard calibration device for the visible channel, accurate reflectance of the visible channel data depends on vicarious calibration methods to provide postlaunch calibration coefficients to compensate for the degraded responsivity. In this study, the Sonoran Desert, which can be viewed by both GOES-East and GOES-West satellites, is used to intercalibrate the visible channels on board the three-axis stabilized GOES satellite Imagers traceable to the AquaModerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 6 (C6) calibration standard. It was found that when the anomalous reflectance in 2004 and 2005 are excluded, the Sonoran Desert is radiometrically, spatially, and spectrally stable at the GOES viewing geometries and thus can be considered as a pseudo-invariant calibration site to develop long-term GOES Imager visible data set. To characterize the desert target reflectance with the MODIS data, GOES observations over 1 year period are used to convert the MODIS reflectance to the GOES viewing and solar illumination geometries. The spectral band adjustment factor for each GOES Imager visible channel is generated with a set of clear-sky Hyperion measurements. A trending algorithm, which consists of a polynomial function for the description of instrument degradation performance and two sine terms for the impacts of the seasonal variations of the solar zenith angle and atmospheric components, is applied to fit the time series of prelaunch calibrated reflectance. The combined calibration uncertainty of the desert calibration method is less than 4% at the Aqua MODIS C6 calibration standard. The difference of the postlaunch calibration coefficients between the desert calibration and the current GOES visible operational calibration methods is mainly within 5%.
C1 [Yu, Fangfang; Grotenhuis, Michael] Earth Resources Technol Inc, Laurel, MD 20707 USA.
[Wu, Xiangqian] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD USA.
[Qian, Haifeng] IM Syst Grp, Rockville, MD USA.
RP Yu, FF (reprint author), Earth Resources Technol Inc, Laurel, MD 20707 USA.
EM Fangfang.Yu@noaa.gov
RI Grotenhuis, Michael/G-1195-2010; Qian, Haifeng/F-1987-2011; Yu,
Fangfang/E-7942-2011; Wu, Xiangqian/F-5634-2010
OI Grotenhuis, Michael/0000-0002-6236-864X; Yu,
Fangfang/0000-0001-8343-0863; Wu, Xiangqian/0000-0002-7804-5650
FU NOAA/NESDIS/STAR cal/val project
FX This work was supported by the NOAA/NESDIS/STAR cal/val project. We
would like to thank Yong Chen for the LBLRTM simulated atmospheric
transmission data, Chenyang Xiao for the help with statistical analysis,
and Wenhui Wang and Mike Kalb for the valuable review comments. We also
want to thank the three anonymous reviewers for their critical reviews
with constructive comments and suggestions to help improve the quality
of this paper. The GOES data for this paper are available at NOAA's
Comprehensive Large Array-Data Stewardship System (CLASS)
(http://www.class.ncdc.noaa.gov/), Aqua MODIS C6 data were downloaded
from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Level 1 and Atmosphere Archive and
Distribution system (http://ladsweb.nascom.nasa.gov/), and Hyperion data
were obtained from the USGS EarthExplorer webpage
(http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov). The manuscript contents are solely the
opinions of the authors and do not constitute a statement of policy,
decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or the U. S. government.
NR 50
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 27
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 14
BP 8639
EP 8658
DI 10.1002/2013JD020702
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN2GQ
UT WOS:000340402800008
ER
PT J
AU Xiong, XZ
Maddy, ES
Barnet, C
Gambacorta, A
Patra, PK
Sun, FY
Goldberg, M
AF Xiong, Xiaozhen
Maddy, Eric S.
Barnet, Chris
Gambacorta, Antonia
Patra, Prabir K.
Sun, Fengying
Goldberg, Mitchell
TI Retrieval of nitrous oxide from Atmospheric Infrared Sounder:
Characterization and validation
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPOSPHERIC CARBON-MONOXIDE; N2O MEASUREMENTS; SEASONAL CYCLES; TOTAL
COLUMNS; CO RETRIEVAL; METHANE CH4; ACE-FTS; AIRS; TRANSPORT; GASES
AB This paper presents the retrieval algorithm of nitrous oxide (N2O) using the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on EOS/Aqua, its validation using aircraft measurements, and one possible application for monitoring the global N2O annual trend from 2003 to 2013. The results demonstrate that AIRS is sensitive to N2O in the middle to upper troposphere, with the peak vertical sensitivity between 200 and 750 hPa and the sensitivity in the tropics larger than in the high-latitude regions. The degrees of freedom of the N2O retrieval are mostly between 1.0 and 1.5. Validation using the aircraft measurement profiles by the High-Performance Instrumented Airborne Platform for Environmental Research Pole-to-Pole Observations program over the Pacific Ocean indicated that the retrieval RMS error is mostly less than 8 ppb (or similar to 2.1%). One important feature is that the variability of N2O fromAIRS is more than 2 times than that of the aircraft measurements in the lower troposphere. In agreement with surface measurements, a nearly linear trend of N2O can be obtained based on limited AIRS data of 1 day in 15 May in each year from 2003 to 2013, and the increase rate of N2O is about 0.72 ppb yr(-1). This algorithm will be implemented in AIRS operational retrieval system, enabling the derivation of the N2O for over 20 years using the AIRS, the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer, and the Cross-track Infrared Sounder. Such a unique product will be complementary to currently sparse ground-based observations for monitoring the N2O trend associated with climate change.
C1 [Xiong, Xiaozhen; Gambacorta, Antonia] IM Syst Grp, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
[Xiong, Xiaozhen; Maddy, Eric S.; Barnet, Chris; Gambacorta, Antonia] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
[Maddy, Eric S.] Sci & Technol Corp, Langley, VA USA.
[Patra, Prabir K.] JAMSTEC, Res Inst Global Change, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
[Sun, Fengying] Innovim LLC, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Sun, Fengying] Natl Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Goldberg, Mitchell] NOAA, JPSS, NESDIS, Lanham, MD USA.
RP Xiong, XZ (reprint author), IM Syst Grp, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
EM Xiaozhen.xiong@noaa.gov
RI Maddy, Eric/G-3683-2010; Xiong, Xiaozhen/F-6591-2010; Gambacorta,
Antonia/E-7937-2011
OI Maddy, Eric/0000-0003-1151-339X; Gambacorta, Antonia/0000-0002-2446-9132
FU NOAA Product System Development and Implementation program; JPSS Proving
Ground and Risk Reduction Program
FX This research was supported by funding from the NOAA Product System
Development and Implementation program and JPSS Proving Ground and Risk
Reduction Program. The aircraft measurement data are from the HIAPER
Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) program. The combined N2O
data from NOAA/ESRL Global Monitoring Division are downloaded from
ftp://ftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/hats/n2o/combined/. The views, opinions, and
findings contained in this paper are those of the authors and should not
be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration or U.S. Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 61
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U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 27
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 14
BP 9107
EP 9122
DI 10.1002/2013JD021406
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN2GQ
UT WOS:000340402800034
ER
PT J
AU Jendrzejewski, F
Eckel, S
Murray, N
Lanier, C
Edwards, M
Lobb, CJ
Campbell, GK
AF Jendrzejewski, F.
Eckel, S.
Murray, N.
Lanier, C.
Edwards, M.
Lobb, C. J.
Campbell, G. K.
TI Resistive Flow in a Weakly Interacting Bose-Einstein Condensate
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TONKS-GIRARDEAU GAS; SUPERFLUID; CIRCUIT
AB We report the direct observation of resistive flow through a weak link in a weakly interacting atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. Two weak links separate our ring-shaped superfluid atomtronic circuit into two distinct regions, a source and a drain. Motion of these weak links allows for creation of controlled flow between the source and the drain. At a critical value of the weak link velocity, we observe a transition from superfluid flow to superfluid plus resistive flow. Working in the hydrodynamic limit, we observe a conductivity that is 4 orders of magnitude larger than previously reported conductivities for a Bose-Einstein condensate with a tunnel junction. Good agreement with zero-temperature Gross-Pitaevskii simulations and a phenomenological model based on phase slips indicate that the creation of excitations plays an important role in the resulting conductivity. Our measurements of resistive flow elucidate the microscopic origin of the dissipation and pave the way for more complex atomtronic devices.
C1 [Jendrzejewski, F.; Eckel, S.; Lobb, C. J.; Campbell, G. K.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jendrzejewski, F.; Eckel, S.; Lobb, C. J.; Campbell, G. K.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Murray, N.; Lanier, C.; Edwards, M.] Georgia So Univ, Dept Phys, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA.
RP Jendrzejewski, F (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Campbell, Gretchen/E-8338-2010; Jendrzejewski, Fred/L-2998-2016;
OI Campbell, Gretchen/0000-0003-2596-1919; Jendrzejewski,
Fred/0000-0003-1488-7901; Edwards, Mark/0000-0002-3149-2402
FU ONR; ARO atomtronics MURI; NSF through the PFC@JQI [PHY-0822671,
PHY-1068761]; National Research Council
FX This work was partially supported by ONR, the ARO atomtronics MURI, and
the NSF through the PFC@JQI, Grant No. PHY-0822671, and by Grant No.
PHY-1068761. S. E. is supported by the National Research Council. We
wish to thank W. D Phillips, A. Rancon, J. Lee, and A. Kumar for
valuable discussions and experimental assistance.
NR 35
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 25
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 4
AR 045305
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.045305
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AO3UH
UT WOS:000341261100011
PM 25105631
ER
PT J
AU Sammond, DW
Yarbrough, JM
Mansfield, E
Bomble, YJ
Hobdey, SE
Decker, SR
Taylor, LE
Resch, MG
Bozell, JJ
Himmel, ME
Vinzant, TB
Crowley, MF
AF Sammond, Deanne W.
Yarbrough, John M.
Mansfield, Elisabeth
Bomble, Yannick J.
Hobdey, Sarah E.
Decker, Stephen R.
Taylor, Larry E.
Resch, Michael G.
Bozell, Joseph J.
Himmel, Michael E.
Vinzant, Todd B.
Crowley, Michael F.
TI Predicting Enzyme Adsorption to Lignin Films by Calculating Enzyme
Surface Hydrophobicity
SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBOHYDRATE-BINDING MODULES; TRICHODERMA-REESEI; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
ACIDOTHERMUS-CELLULOLYTICUS; THERMOMYCES-LANUGINOSUS;
CELLOBIOHYDROLASE-I; CATALYTIC CORE; PROTEIN; HYDROLYSIS; CELLULOSE
AB The inhibitory action of lignin on cellulase cocktails is a major challenge to the biological saccharification of plant cell wall polysaccharides. Although the mechanism remains unclear, hydrophobic interactions between enzymes and lignin are hypothesized to drive adsorption. Here we evaluate the role of hydrophobic interactions in enzyme-lignin binding. The hydrophobicity of the enzyme surface was quantified using an estimation of the clustering of nonpolar atoms, identifying potential interaction sites. The adsorption of enzymes to lignin surfaces, measured using the quartz crystal microbalance, correlates to the hydrophobic cluster scores. Further, these results suggest a minimum hydrophobic cluster size for a protein to preferentially adsorb to lignin. The impact of electrostatic contribution was ruled out by comparing the isoelectric point (pI) values to the adsorption of proteins to lignin surfaces. These results demonstrate the ability to predict enzyme-lignin adsorption and could potentially be used to design improved cellulase cocktails, thus lowering the overall cost of biofuel production.
C1 [Sammond, Deanne W.; Yarbrough, John M.; Bomble, Yannick J.; Hobdey, Sarah E.; Decker, Stephen R.; Taylor, Larry E.; Resch, Michael G.; Himmel, Michael E.; Vinzant, Todd B.; Crowley, Michael F.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Resch, Michael G.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Natl Bioenergy Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Mansfield, Elisabeth] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bozell, Joseph J.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Ctr Catalyt Convers Biomass C3Bio, Knoxville, TN 37917 USA.
RP Crowley, MF (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Biosci Ctr, 16253 Denver West Pkwy, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Michael.Crowley@nrel.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]; National Renewable Energy
Laboratory; Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy, Bioenergy Technologies Office; Center for Direct
Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), an Energy Frontier
Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0000997]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
DE-AC36-08GO28308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and by
the Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy, Bioenergy Technologies Office. This work was also supported by
the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels
(C3Bio), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
under Award Number DE-SC0000997.
NR 53
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 6
U2 64
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 0021-9258
EI 1083-351X
J9 J BIOL CHEM
JI J. Biol. Chem.
PD JUL 25
PY 2014
VL 289
IS 30
BP 20960
EP 20969
DI 10.1074/jbc.M114.573642
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AL8NS
UT WOS:000339396600049
PM 24876380
ER
PT J
AU Senko, C
Smith, J
Richerme, P
Lee, A
Campbell, WC
Monroe, C
AF Senko, C.
Smith, J.
Richerme, P.
Lee, A.
Campbell, W. C.
Monroe, C.
TI Coherent imaging spectroscopy of a quantum many-body spin system
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAPPED IONS; SIMULATOR
AB Quantum simulators, in which well-controlled quantum systems are used to reproduce the dynamics of less understood ones, have the potential to explore physics inaccessible to modeling with classical computers. However, checking the results of such simulations also becomes classically intractable as system sizes increase. Here, we introduce and implement a coherent imaging spectroscopic technique, akin to magnetic resonance imaging, to validate a quantum simulation. We use this method to determine the energy levels and interaction strengths of a fully connected quantum many-body system. Additionally, we directly measure the critical energy gap near a quantum phase transition. We expect this general technique to become a verification tool for quantum simulators once experiments advance beyond proof-of-principle demonstrations and exceed the resources of conventional computers.
C1 [Senko, C.; Smith, J.; Richerme, P.; Lee, A.; Monroe, C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Senko, C.; Smith, J.; Richerme, P.; Lee, A.; Monroe, C.] NIST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Campbell, W. C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Senko, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM csenko@umd.edu
RI Monroe, Christopher/G-8105-2011
FU U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) from the Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency Optical Lattice Emulator Program [W911NF0710576]; ARO
from the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity Multi-Qubit
Coherent Operations Program [W911NF0410234]; NSF Physics Frontier Center
at the Joint Quantum Institute
FX We thank J. Freericks, B. Yoshimura, E. Edwards, S. Will, Z.-X. Gong, M.
Foss-Feig, and A. Gorshkov for helpful discussions. This work is
supported by the U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) award no. W911NF0710576
with funds from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Optical
Lattice Emulator Program, ARO award no. W911NF0410234 with funds from
the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity Multi-Qubit
Coherent Operations Program, and the NSF Physics Frontier Center at the
Joint Quantum Institute.
NR 30
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 23
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUL 25
PY 2014
VL 345
IS 6195
BP 430
EP 433
DI 10.1126/science.1251422
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AM2CB
UT WOS:000339655100037
PM 25061207
ER
PT J
AU Ao, GY
Khripin, CY
Zheng, M
AF Ao, Geyou
Khripin, Constantine Y.
Zheng, Ming
TI DNA-Controlled Partition of Carbon Nanotubes in Polymer Aqueous
Two-Phase Systems
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; RECOGNITION; SEPARATION; SOLUBILIZATION;
CHROMATOGRAPHY; FRACTIONATION; INTERFACES; DISPERSION; WATER
AB Sorting single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) of different chiralities is both scientifically interesting and technologically important. Recent studies have shown that polymer aqueous two-phase extraction is a very effective way to achieve nanotube sorting. However, works published to date have demonstrated only separation of surfactant-dispersed SWCNTs, and the mechanism of chirality-dependent SWCNT partition is not well understood. Here we report a systematic study of spontaneous partition of DNA-wrapped SWCNTs in several polymer aqueous two-phase systems. We show that partition of DNA SWCNT hybrids in a given polymer two-phase system is strongly sequence-dependent and can be further modulated by salt and polymer additives. With the proper combination of DNA sequence, polymer two-phase system, and partition modulators, as many as 15 single-chirality nanotube species have been effectively purified from a synthetic mixture. As an attempt to provide a unified partition mechanism of SWCNTs dispersed by surfactants and by DNA, we present a qualitative analysis of solvation energy for SWCNT colloids in a polymer-modified aqueous phase. Our observation and analysis highlight the sensitive dependence of the hydration energy on the spatial distribution of hydrophilic functionalities.
C1 [Ao, Geyou; Khripin, Constantine Y.; Zheng, Ming] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zheng, M (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ming.zheng@nist.gov
FU National Research Council
FX We thank Drs. Jeffrey Fagan, Anand Jagota, Jeetain Mittal, and Jack
Douglas for their critical comments on the manuscript. G.A acknowledges
postdoctoral fellowship support from the National Research Council.
NR 31
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 14
U2 113
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUL 23
PY 2014
VL 136
IS 29
BP 10383
EP 10392
DI 10.1021/ja504078b
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AL9OZ
UT WOS:000339471900035
PM 24976036
ER
PT J
AU Fritsch, K
Kermarrec, E
Ross, KA
Qiu, Y
Copley, JRD
Pomaranski, D
Kycia, JB
Dabkowska, HA
Gaulin, BD
AF Fritsch, K.
Kermarrec, E.
Ross, K. A.
Qiu, Y.
Copley, J. R. D.
Pomaranski, D.
Kycia, J. B.
Dabkowska, H. A.
Gaulin, B. D.
TI Temperature and magnetic field dependence of spin-ice correlations in
the pyrochlore magnet Tb2Ti2O7
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTIFERROMAGNET TB2TI2O7; LIQUID-STATE; GLASSES
AB We present a parametric study of the diffuse magnetic scattering at (1/2, 1/2, 1/2) positions in reciprocal space, ascribed to a frozen antiferromagnetic spin ice state in single-crystalline Tb2Ti2O7. Our high-resolution neutron scattering measurements show that the elastic (-0.02 meV < E < 0.02 meV) (1/2, 1/2, 1/2) scattering develops strongly below approximate to 275 mK, and correlates with the opening of a spin gap of approximate to 0.06 to 0.08 meV over most of the Brillouin zone. The nature of the transition at 275 mK has many characteristics of spin glass behavior, consistent with ac-susceptibility measurements. The application of a magnetic field of 0.075 T applied along the [1 (1) over bar0] direction destroys the (1/2, 1/2, 1/2) elastic scattering, revealing the fragility of this short-range ordered ground state. We construct a refined H-T phase diagram for Tb2Ti2O7 and [1 (1) over bar0] fields which incorporates this frozen spin ice regime and the antiferromagnetic long-range order previously known to be induced in relatively large fields. Specific heat measurements on the same crystal reveal a sharp anomaly at T-c approximate to 450 mK and no indication of a transition near approximate to 275 mK. We conclude that the higher temperature specific heat peak is not related to the magnetic ordering but is likely a signal of other, nonmagnetic dipole correlations.
C1 [Fritsch, K.; Kermarrec, E.; Gaulin, B. D.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Ross, K. A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Ross, K. A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Ross, K. A.; Qiu, Y.; Copley, J. R. D.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Qiu, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Pomaranski, D.; Kycia, J. B.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Pomaranski, D.; Kycia, J. B.] Univ Waterloo, Guelph Waterloo Phys Inst, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Pomaranski, D.; Kycia, J. B.] Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Dabkowska, H. A.; Gaulin, B. D.] Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Gaulin, B. D.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
RP Fritsch, K (reprint author), Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
EM katharina.fritsch@helmholtz-berlin.de
OI Kermarrec, Edwin/0000-0002-3467-5482
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]; NSERC of Canada
FX The authors acknowledge useful contributions from M. J. P. Gingras. This
work utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772, and was supported by NSERC
of Canada. The DAVE software package [67] was used for data reduction
and analysis of DCS data.
NR 66
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 41
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 23
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 1
AR 014429
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.014429
PG 9
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AM1OA
UT WOS:000339615000004
ER
PT J
AU Papp, SB
Beha, K
Del'Haye, P
Quinlan, F
Lee, H
Vahala, KJ
Diddams, SA
AF Papp, Scott B.
Beha, Katja
Del'Haye, Pascal
Quinlan, Franklyn
Lee, Hansuek
Vahala, Kerry J.
Diddams, Scott A.
TI Microresonator frequency comb optical clock
SO OPTICA
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE NOISE; MICROWAVE GENERATION; CHIP; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS; LASER
AB Optical frequency combs serve as the clockwork of optical clocks, which are now the best time-keeping systems in existence. The use of precise optical time and frequency technology in various applications beyond the research lab remains a significant challenge, but one that integrated microresonator technology is poised to address. Here, we report a silicon-chip-based microresonator comb optical clock that converts an optical frequency reference to a microwave signal. A comb spectrum with a 25 THz span is generated with a 2 mm diameter silica disk and broadening in nonlinear fiber. This spectrum is stabilized to rubidium frequency references separated by 3.5 THz by controlling two teeth 108 modes apart. The optical clock's output is the electronically countable 33 GHz microcomb line spacing, which features stability better than the rubidium transitions by the expected factor of 108. Our work demonstrates the comprehensive set of tools needed for interfacing microcombs to state-of-the-art optical clocks.
C1 [Papp, Scott B.; Beha, Katja; Del'Haye, Pascal; Quinlan, Franklyn; Diddams, Scott A.] NIST, Time & Frequency Div 688, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lee, Hansuek; Vahala, Kerry J.] CALTECH, TJ Watson Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Papp, SB (reprint author), NIST, Time & Frequency Div 688, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM scott.papp@nist.gov
RI Del'Haye, Pascal/G-2588-2016; Lee, Hansuek/G-2007-2015
OI Del'Haye, Pascal/0000-0002-6517-6942; Lee, Hansuek/0000-0002-0748-7662
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) (PULSE, QuASAR);
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); Air Force Office
of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Kavli NanoScience Institute at Caltech
FX Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) (PULSE, QuASAR),
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Air Force Office
of Scientific Research (AFOSR), and Kavli NanoScience Institute at
Caltech.
NR 30
TC 68
Z9 68
U1 6
U2 28
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2334-2536
J9 OPTICA
JI Optica
PD JUL 22
PY 2014
VL 1
IS 1
BP 10
EP 14
DI 10.1364/OPTICA.1.000010
PG 5
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA CI6IQ
UT WOS:000354862800004
ER
PT J
AU Gentile, L
Behrens, MA
Porcar, L
Butler, P
Wagner, NJ
Olsson, U
AF Gentile, Luigi
Behrens, Manja A.
Porcar, Lionel
Butler, Paul
Wagner, Norman J.
Olsson, Ulf
TI Multilamellar Vesicle Formation from a Planar Lamellar Phase under Shear
Flow
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID NONIONIC SURFACTANT/WATER SYSTEM; LIQUID-CRYSTALS; UNDULATION
INSTABILITY; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; ONION PHASE; TRANSITION; TEMPERATURE;
SCATTERING; DROPLETS; SIZE
AB The formation of multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) from the lamellar phase of nonionic surfactant system C12E5/D2O under shear flow is studied by time-resolved small angle neutron and light scattering during shear flow. A novel small angle neutron scattering sample environment enables the tracking of the lamellae alignment in the velocity-velocity gradient (1-2) plane during MLV formation, which was tracked independently using flow small angle light scattering commensurate with rheology. During the lamellar-to-multilamellar vesicle transition, the primary Bragg peak from the lamellar ordering was observed to tilt, and this gradually increased with time, leading to an anisotropic pattern with a primary axis oriented at similar to 25 degrees relative to the flow direction. This distorted pattern persists under flow after MLV formation. A critical strain and critical capillary number based on the MLV viscosity are demonstrated for MLV formation, which is shown to be robust for other systems as well. These novel measurements provide fundamentally new information about the flow orientation of lamellae in the plane of flow that cannot be anticipated from the large body of previous literature showing nearly isotropic orientation in the 2,3 and 1,3 planes of flow. These observations are consistent with models for buckling-induced MLV formation but suggest that the instability is three-dimensional, thereby identifying the mechanism of MLV formation in simple shear flow.
C1 [Gentile, Luigi] Univ Calabria, Dept Chem & Chem Technol, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy.
[Gentile, Luigi; Behrens, Manja A.; Olsson, Ulf] Lund Univ, Div Phys Chem, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Porcar, Lionel] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, Large Scale Struct Grp, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Butler, Paul; Wagner, Norman J.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res NCNR, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wagner, Norman J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Ctr Neutron Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RP Gentile, L (reprint author), Univ Calabria, Dept Chem & Chem Technol, Pietro Bucci 12C, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy.
RI Wagner, Norman/B-6558-2012; Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011; Gentile,
Luigi/G-6484-2013
OI Wagner, Norman/0000-0001-9565-619X; Gentile, Luigi/0000-0001-6854-2963
FU European Commission; European Social Fund; Region of Calabria; European
Commission [262348]
FX The beam line was provided by the Institut-Laue-Langevin under proposal
57735 and by the NCNR NIST under proposal S29-25. We acknowledge the
support of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S.
Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities
used in this work. This work utilized facilities supported in part by
the National Science Foundation under agreement no. DMR-0944772. This
article was prepared in part (N.J.W.) under cooperative agreements
70NANB10H256 and 70NANB12H239 from NIST, U.S. Department of Commerce.
The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of
the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of NIST or the
U.S. Department of Commerce. This article was also cofinanced by the
European Commission, European Social Fund, and the Region of Calabria.
The authors are solely responsible for this article, and the European
Commission and the Region of Calabria are not responsible for any use
that may be made of the information contained herein. We acknowledge
financial support from the European Commission under the Seventh
Framework Program by means of the grant agreement for the Integrated
Infrastructure Initiative no. 262348 European Soft Matter Infrastructure
(ESMI).
NR 59
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 60
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD JUL 22
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 28
BP 8316
EP 8325
DI 10.1021/la501071s
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA AL9LQ
UT WOS:000339463000010
PM 24983325
ER
PT J
AU Patrone, PN
Gallatin, GM
AF Patrone, Paul N.
Gallatin, Gregg M.
TI Response of Block Copolymer Thin-Film Morphology to Line-Width Roughness
on a Chemoepitaxial Template
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID LINE EDGE ROUGHNESS; PATTERNED SURFACES; DENSITY MULTIPLICATION;
MICROPHASE SEPARATION; DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; FIELD SIMULATIONS;
CHEMICAL-PATTERNS; LITHOGRAPHY
AB Using the Leibler-Ohta-Kawasaki (LOK) phase-field model of block copolymers (BCPs), we characterize how line-width roughness (LWR) in the chemoepitaxial template affects the BCP microdomain shape. Specifically, we derive formulas for the monomer density and the microdomain interface profile of periodic, lamellar BCP melts whose template lines widths oscillate with frequency k. The key idea behind our approach is to identify variations in the microdomain interface positions (relative to their averages) as corresponding to a local excess of one of the monomer types. For lamellar systems, our analysis (i) shows that the BCP morphology arises from the constraint that the total mass in a microdomain is fixed, independent of LWR, and (ii) determines a length scale A over which template LWR affects the polymer melt.
C1 [Patrone, Paul N.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Math & Applicat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Patrone, Paul N.; Gallatin, Gregg M.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Patrone, PN (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Inst Math & Applicat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM ppatrone@umn.edu; ggallatin@charter.net
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act Measurement Science and Engineering Fellowship Program
Award through University of Maryland [70NANB10H026]; Institute for
Mathematics and its Applications at the University of Minnesota
FX P.N.P. was supported by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Measurement Science
and Engineering Fellowship Program Award 70NANB10H026 through the
University of Maryland. This author was also supported by the Institute
for Mathematics and its Applications at the University of Minnesota. The
authors thank Dionisios Margetis, Mark Stiles, and "Charlie" Chi-chun
Liu for useful discussions during preparation of this manuscript.
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
EI 1520-5835
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JUL 22
PY 2014
VL 47
IS 14
BP 4824
EP 4829
DI 10.1021/ma500429x
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA AL9LP
UT WOS:000339462900031
ER
PT J
AU Chen, F
Li, JL
Armour, AD
Brahimi, E
Stettenheim, J
Sirois, AJ
Simmonds, RW
Blencowe, MP
Rimberg, AJ
AF Chen, Fei
Li, Juliang
Armour, A. D.
Brahimi, E.
Stettenheim, Joel
Sirois, A. J.
Simmonds, R. W.
Blencowe, M. P.
Rimberg, A. J.
TI Realization of a single-Cooper-pair Josephson laser
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID COULOMB-BLOCKADE; QUANTUM; PHOTON; RESONATOR; JUNCTION; CURRENTS;
CIRCUIT; STATES; CHAOS
AB We have embedded a voltage-biased Cooper-pair transistor (CPT) in a high-Q superconducting microwave cavity. When the energy given to a tunneling Cooper pair by the voltage bias is equal to a multiple of the cavity photon frequency, the cavity is pumped to a strongly nonequilibrium state. The cavity photons act back on the CPT, allowing us to enter a regime of strongly correlated electronic-photonic transport. We directly observe the effects of photonic backaction on Cooper-pair transport, and see clear evidence for single-emitter lasing in the form of emission dominated by stimulated transport processes.
C1 [Chen, Fei; Li, Juliang; Brahimi, E.; Stettenheim, Joel; Blencowe, M. P.; Rimberg, A. J.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Armour, A. D.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Sirois, A. J.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Simmonds, R. W.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Chen, F (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
EM ajrimberg@dartmouth.edu
OI Armour, Andrew/0000-0002-7190-8601
FU NSF [DMR-1104790, DMR-1104821]; AFOSR/DARPA [FA8750-12-2-0339]; EPSRC
(U.K.) [EP/I017828/1]
FX This work was supported by the NSF under Grants No. DMR-1104790 and No.
DMR-1104821, by AFOSR/DARPA under Agreement No. FA8750-12-2-0339, and by
EPSRC (U.K.) under Grant No. EP/I017828/1.
NR 38
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 6
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 22
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 2
AR 020506
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.020506
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AL9SQ
UT WOS:000339481700001
ER
PT J
AU Russell, DJF
Brasseur, SMJM
Thompson, D
Hastie, GD
Janik, VM
Aarts, G
McClintock, BT
Matthiopoulos, J
Moss, SEW
McConnell, B
AF Russell, Deborah J. F.
Brasseur, Sophie M. J. M.
Thompson, Dave
Hastie, Gordon D.
Janik, Vincent M.
Aarts, Geed
McClintock, Brett T.
Matthiopoulos, Jason
Moss, Simon E. W.
McConnell, Bernie
TI Marine mammals trace anthropogenic structures at sea
SO CURRENT BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Russell, Deborah J. F.; Thompson, Dave; Hastie, Gordon D.; Janik, Vincent M.; Moss, Simon E. W.; McConnell, Bernie] Univ St Andrews, Sea Mammal Res Unit, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland.
[Russell, Deborah J. F.] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
[Brasseur, Sophie M. J. M.; Aarts, Geed] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, IMARES, NL-1797 SZ T Horntje Texel, Netherlands.
[Aarts, Geed] Wageningen Univ, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[McClintock, Brett T.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Matthiopoulos, Jason] Univ Glasgow, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
RP Russell, DJF (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Sea Mammal Res Unit, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland.
EM dr60@st-and.ac.uk
NR 10
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 11
U2 58
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0960-9822
EI 1879-0445
J9 CURR BIOL
JI Curr. Biol.
PD JUL 21
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 14
BP R638
EP R639
DI 10.1016/j.cub.2014.06.033
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA AL9MR
UT WOS:000339465900005
PM 25050956
ER
PT J
AU Colussi, VE
Greene, CH
D'Incao, JP
AF Colussi, V. E.
Greene, Chris H.
D'Incao, J. P.
TI Three-Body Physics in Strongly Correlated Spinor Condensates
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; RESONANTLY INTERACTING PARTICLES; FEW-BODY
SYSTEMS; UNIVERSALITY; GASES; SPECTRUM; DYNAMICS; DOMAINS
AB Spinor condensates have proven to be a rich area for probing many-body phenomena richer than that of an ultracold gas consisting of atoms restricted to a single spin state. In the strongly correlated regime, the physics controlling the possible novel phases of the condensate remains largely unexplored, and few-body aspects can play a central role in the properties and dynamics of the system through manifestations of Efimov physics. The present study solves the three-body problem for bosonic spinors using the hyperspherical adiabatic representation and characterizes the multiple families of Efimov states in spinor systems as well as their signatures in the scattering observables relevant for spinor condensates. These solutions exhibit a rich array of possible phenomena originating in universal few-body physics, which can strongly affect the spin dynamics and three-body mean-field contributions for spinor condensates. The collisional aspects of atom-dimer spinor condensates are also analyzed, and effects are predicted that derive from Efimov physics.
C1 [Colussi, V. E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Greene, Chris H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[D'Incao, J. P.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[D'Incao, J. P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Colussi, VE (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Greene, Chris/C-3821-2011; Colussi, Victor /M-1335-2016
OI Greene, Chris/0000-0002-2096-6385; Colussi, Victor /0000-0002-0972-6276
FU U.S. National Science Foundation; AFOSR-MURI grant
FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation and by
an AFOSR-MURI grant.
NR 67
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 21
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 4
AR 045302
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.045302
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AL9EN
UT WOS:000339442800005
PM 25105628
ER
PT J
AU Lester, BJ
Kaufman, AM
Regal, CA
AF Lester, B. J.
Kaufman, A. M.
Regal, C. A.
TI Raman cooling imaging: Detecting single atoms near their ground state of
motion
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ZERO-POINT ENERGY; OPTICAL LATTICE; MOTT INSULATOR; QUANTUM GAS;
DENSITY; CESIUM
AB We demonstrate imaging of neutral atoms via the light scattered during continuous Raman sideband cooling. We detect single atoms trapped in optical tweezers while maintaining a significant motional ground-state fraction. The techniques presented provide a framework for single-atom resolved imaging of a broad class of atomic species.
C1 [Lester, B. J.; Kaufman, A. M.; Regal, C. A.] Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lester, B. J.; Kaufman, A. M.; Regal, C. A.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lester, B. J.; Kaufman, A. M.; Regal, C. A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Lester, BJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM blester@jila.colorado.edu; regal@colorado.edu
FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation; National Science Foundation
[1125844]; Clare Boothe Luce Foundation; NSF-GRFP; NDSEG
FX We thank T.P. Purdy, C.M. Reynolds, and K.R.A. Hazzard for useful
discussions. This work was supported by the David and Lucile Packard
Foundation and the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1125844.
C.A.R. acknowledges support from the Clare Boothe Luce Foundation,
B.J.L. from the NSF-GRFP, and A.M.K. from NDSEG.
NR 39
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 21
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 1
AR 011804
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.011804
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA AL9EK
UT WOS:000339442400002
ER
PT J
AU Trampedach, R
Stein, RF
Christensen-Dalsgaard, J
Nordlund, A
Asplund, M
AF Trampedach, Regner
Stein, Robert F.
Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen
Nordlund, Ake
Asplund, Martin
TI Improvements to stellar structure models, based on a grid of 3D
convection simulations - I. T(tau) relations
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE convection; stars: atmospheres; stars: interiors
ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; FREE ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENT; SPECTRAL-LINE FORMATION;
METAL-POOR STARS; SURFACE CONVECTION; SOLAR CHROMOSPHERE; GIANT STARS;
HYDRODYNAMICAL SIMULATIONS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN
AB Relations between temperature, T, and optical depth, tau, are often used for describing the photospheric transition from optically thick to optically thin in stellar structure models. We show that this is well justified, but also that currently used T(tau) relations are often inconsistent with their implementation. As an outer boundary condition on the system of stellar structure equations, T(tau) relations have an undue effect on the overall structure of stars. In this age of precision asteroseismology, we need to re-assess both the method for computing and for implementing T(tau) relations, and the assumptions they rest on. We develop a formulation for proper and consistent evaluation of T(tau) relations from arbitrary 1D or 3D stellar atmospheres, and for their implementation in stellar structure and evolution models. We extract radiative T(tau) relations, as described by our new formulation, from 3D simulations of convection in deep stellar atmospheres of late-type stars from dwarfs to giants. These simulations employ realistic opacities and equation of state, and account for line blanketing. For comparison, we also extract T(tau) relations from 1DMARCSmodel atmospheres using the same formulation. T(tau) relations from our grid of 3D convection simulations display a larger range of behaviours with surface gravity, compared with those of conventional theoretical 1D hydrostatic atmosphere models based on the mixing-length theory for convection. The 1D atmospheres show little dependence on gravity. 1D atmospheres of main-sequence stars also show an abrupt transition to the diffusion approximation at tau similar or equal to 2.5, whereas the 3D simulations exhibit smooth transitions that occur at the same depth for M similar or equal to 0.8 M-circle dot, and higher in the atmosphere for both more and less massive main-sequence stars. Based on these results, we recommend no longer using scaled solar T(tau) relations. Files with T(tau) relations for our grid of simulations are made available to the community, together with routines for interpolating in this irregular grid. We also provide matching tables of atmospheric opacity, for consistent implementation in stellar structure models.
C1 [Trampedach, Regner; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
[Trampedach, Regner] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Trampedach, Regner] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Stein, Robert F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Nordlund, Ake] Niels Bohr Inst, Astron Observ, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark.
[Asplund, Martin] Australian Natl Univ, Mt Stromlo & Siding Spring Observ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
RP Trampedach, R (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Ny Munkegade 120,Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
EM trampeda@lcd.colorado.edu
RI Nordlund, Aake/M-4528-2014
OI Nordlund, Aake/0000-0002-2219-0541
FU Australian Research Council [DP 0342613, DP 0558836]; NASA grants
[NNX08AI57G, NNX11AJ36G]; NSF grant [AGS-1141921]; NASA grant
[NNX12AH49G]; Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF106]; ASTERISK
project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) - European
Research Council [267864]; Laureate Fellowship from the Australian
Research Council [FL110100012]
FX The helpful comments and suggestions by the anonymous referee have
improved the paper and are much appreciated. We are grateful to R. L.
Kurucz for providing access to his data base of opacity distribution
functions, and we are also grateful to W. Dappen for access to the code
and data tables for the MHD equation of state. RT acknowledges funding
from the Australian Research Council (grants DP 0342613 and DP 0558836)
and NASA grants NNX08AI57G and NNX11AJ36G. RFS acknowledges NSF grant
AGS-1141921 and NASA grant and NNX12AH49G. Funding for the Stellar
Astrophysics Centre is provided by the Danish National Research
Foundation (Grant DNRF106). The research is supported by the ASTERISK
project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) funded by
the European Research Council (grant agreement no.: 267864). The work of
MA has been supported through a Laureate Fellowship from the Australian
Research Council (FL110100012). The simulations were run at the
Australian Partnership for Advanced Computations (APAC). This research
has made extensive use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System.
NR 98
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JUL 21
PY 2014
VL 442
IS 1
BP 805
EP 820
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu889
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AK9RW
UT WOS:000338765400067
ER
PT J
AU Schewe, PF
AF Schewe, Phillip F.
TI Carbon humanism: Freeman Dyson and the looming battle between
environmentalists and humanists
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article
AB Freeman Dyson has had a distinguished career as a scientist, but perhaps this notable body of work might be eclipsed in importance by his many writings about society, especially those dealing with the dilemma of how improved living standards can be brought about without despoiling the land. Dyson is one of the few prominent commentators who directly addresses what might shape up as a culture war between two viewpoints - environmentalism and humanism - that otherwise have many aims in common. The first part of this essay looks at the broad outline of Dyson's career while the second part looks more particularly at his contributions to the humanist debate.
C1 [Schewe, Phillip F.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Schewe, Phillip F.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Schewe, PF (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0217-9792
EI 1793-6578
J9 INT J MOD PHYS B
JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B
PD JUL 20
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 18
AR 1470001
DI 10.1142/S0217979214700019
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA AI6DS
UT WOS:000336961000010
ER
PT J
AU Kaufman, AM
Lester, BJ
Reynolds, CM
Wall, ML
Foss-Feig, M
Hazzard, KRA
Rey, AM
Regal, CA
AF Kaufman, A. M.
Lester, B. J.
Reynolds, C. M.
Wall, M. L.
Foss-Feig, M.
Hazzard, K. R. A.
Rey, A. M.
Regal, C. A.
TI Two-particle quantum interference in tunnel-coupled optical tweezers
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE ATOMS; COHERENCE; PHOTONS; LATTICE; INDISTINGUISHABILITY
AB The quantum statistics of atoms is typically observed in the behavior of an ensemble via macroscopic observables. However, quantum statistics modifies the behavior of even two particles. Here, we demonstrate near-complete control over all the internal and external degrees of freedom of two laser-cooled Rb-87 atoms trapped in two optical tweezers. This controllability allows us to observe signatures of indistinguishability via two-particle interference. Our work establishes laser-cooled atoms in optical tweezers as a promising route to bottom-up engineering of scalable, low-entropy quantum systems.
C1 [Kaufman, A. M.; Lester, B. J.; Reynolds, C. M.; Wall, M. L.; Hazzard, K. R. A.; Rey, A. M.; Regal, C. A.] Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kaufman, A. M.; Lester, B. J.; Reynolds, C. M.; Wall, M. L.; Hazzard, K. R. A.; Rey, A. M.; Regal, C. A.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kaufman, A. M.; Lester, B. J.; Reynolds, C. M.; Wall, M. L.; Hazzard, K. R. A.; Rey, A. M.; Regal, C. A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Foss-Feig, M.] Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Foss-Feig, M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Regal, CA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM regal@colorado.edu
FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF)
[1125844]; Clare Boothe Luce Foundation; National Defense Science and
Engineering Graduate Fellowships; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship
Program; NSF-Physics at the Information Frontier; Army Research Office;
Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Research Council
postdoctoral fellowship
FX We thank T. P. Purdy for useful discussions. This work was supported by
the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and the National Science
Foundation (NSF) under grant no. 1125844. C. A. R. acknowledges support
from the Clare Boothe Luce Foundation, A. M. K. and C. M. R. from the
National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowships, and
B.J.L. from the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program. K. R. A. H.,
M. L. W., and A. M. R. acknowledge funding from NSF-Physics at the
Information Frontier, Army Research Office and Air Force Office of
Scientific Research. K. R. A. H. and M.F.-F. acknowledge support from a
National Research Council postdoctoral fellowship.
NR 31
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 2
U2 35
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUL 18
PY 2014
VL 345
IS 6194
BP 306
EP 309
DI 10.1126/science.1250057
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AL8PG
UT WOS:000339400700046
PM 24968938
ER
PT J
AU Li, J
Yi, X
Lee, H
Diddams, SA
Vahala, KJ
AF Li, Jiang
Yi, Xu
Lee, Hansuek
Diddams, Scott A.
Vahala, Kerry J.
TI Electro-optical frequency division and stable microwave synthesis
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BRILLOUIN-FIBER-LASER; MACH-ZEHNDER MODULATOR; PHASE-NOISE; GENERATION;
SILICON; CHIP; GHZ; STABILIZATION; RESONATOR; PHOTONICS
AB Optical frequency division by using frequency combs has revolutionized time keeping and the generation of stable microwave signals. We demonstrate optical frequency division and microwave generation by using a tunable electrical oscillator to create dual combs through phase modulation of two optical signals that have a stable difference frequency. Phase-locked control of the electrical oscillator by means of optical frequency division produces stable microwaves. Our approach transposes the oscillator and frequency reference of a conventional microwave frequency synthesizer. In this way, the oscillator experiences large phase noise reduction relative to the frequency reference. The electro-optical approach additionally relaxes the need for highly linear photodetection of the comb mode spacing. As well as simplicity, the technique is also tunable and scalable to higher division ratios.
C1 [Li, Jiang; Yi, Xu; Lee, Hansuek; Vahala, Kerry J.] CALTECH, Thomas J Watson Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Diddams, Scott A.] NIST, Time & Frequency Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Vahala, KJ (reprint author), CALTECH, Thomas J Watson Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM vahala@caltech.edu
RI Li, Jiang/O-5235-2014; Lee, Hansuek/G-2007-2015
OI Lee, Hansuek/0000-0002-0748-7662
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ORCHID program; Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency PULSE program; California Institute of
Technology Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, an NSF Physics
Frontiers Center; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Kavli NanoScience
Institute at the California Institute of Technology; Gordon and Betty
Moore Foundation as a Moore Scholar at Caltech
FX This work was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
ORCHID and PULSE programs and the California Institute of Technology
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, an NSF Physics Frontiers
Center with support of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The
authors also acknowledge support from the Kavli NanoScience Institute at
the California Institute of Technology. S. A. D. acknowledges the
support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation as a Moore Scholar at
Caltech.
NR 32
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 7
U2 62
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUL 18
PY 2014
VL 345
IS 6194
BP 309
EP 313
DI 10.1126/science.1252909
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AL8PG
UT WOS:000339400700047
PM 25035489
ER
PT J
AU Hu, MG
Bloom, RS
Jin, DS
Goldwin, JM
AF Hu, Ming-Guang
Bloom, Ruth S.
Jin, Deborah S.
Goldwin, Jonathan M.
TI Avalanche-mechanism loss at an atom-molecule Efimov resonance
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRACOLD; STATES
AB The avalanche mechanism has been used to relate Efimov trimer states to certain enhanced atom loss features observed in ultracold-atom-gas experiments. These atom loss features are argued to be a signature of resonant atom-molecule scattering that occurs when an Efimov trimer is degenerate with the atom-molecule scattering threshold. However, observation of these atom loss features has yet to be combined with the direct observation of atom-molecule resonant scattering for any particular atomic species. In addition, recent Monte Carlo simulations were unable to reproduce a narrow loss feature. We experimentally search for enhanced atom loss features near an established scattering resonance between K-40 Rb-87 Feshbach molecules and Rb-87 atoms. Our measurements of both the three-body recombination rate in a gas of K-40 and Rb-87 atoms and the ratio of the number loss for the two species do not show any broad loss feature and are therefore inconsistent with theoretical predictions that use the avalanche mechanism.
C1 [Hu, Ming-Guang; Bloom, Ruth S.; Jin, Deborah S.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hu, Ming-Guang; Bloom, Ruth S.; Jin, Deborah S.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hu, Ming-Guang; Bloom, Ruth S.; Jin, Deborah S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Goldwin, Jonathan M.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Midlands Ultracold Atom Res Ctr, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
RP Hu, MG (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
OI Goldwin, Jonathan/0000-0002-0582-2519
FU NIST; NSF [1125844]; JILA Visiting Fellows program
FX This work was supported by NIST and by NSF under Grant No. 1125844.
J.M.G. gratefully acknowledges support from the JILA Visiting Fellows
program.
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
EI 1094-1622
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 18
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 1
AR 013619
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.013619
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA AL9ET
UT WOS:000339443600006
ER
PT J
AU Ona-Ruales, JO
Ruiz-Morales, Y
AF Ona-Ruales, Jorge O.
Ruiz-Morales, Yosadara
TI The Predictive Power of the Annellation Theory: The Case of the C32H16
Benzenoid Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID Y-RULE; ABSOLUTE HARDNESS; FUEL PYROLYSIS; FORCE-FIELD; IDENTIFICATION;
ASPHALTENES; ABSORPTION; ABSORBENCY; PERYLENE; PRODUCTS
AB The positions of maximum absorbance for the p and beta bands of the UV-vis spectra of the benzenoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs, with molecular formula C32H16 have been predicted by means of the annellation theory. In the C32H16 PAH group there are 46 isomers, 39 of which have not been synthesized so far, thus their characterization and possible presence in the environment remains unknown. The methodology has been validated using literature information for 7 isomers in this PAR group. The results have been satisfactorily substantiated by means of semi-empirical calculations using the ZINDO/S approach. It has been concluded that the annellation theory is a powerful tool for the prediction of the positions of maximum absorbance of aromatic compounds with unknown UV-vis spectra. It is the first time that the UV-vis spectral information on these 39 benzenoid C32H16 PAHs has been predicted.
C1 [Ona-Ruales, Jorge O.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ruiz-Morales, Yosadara] Inst Mexicano Petr, Mexico City 07730, DF, Mexico.
RP Ona-Ruales, JO (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8390, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM JORGE.ONA-RUALES@NIST.GOV
RI Ona, Jorge/I-1260-2014
OI Ona, Jorge/0000-0001-6907-9632
FU CONACYT-SENER of the Instituto Mexican del Petroleo [D.01406, Y.61000,
177007]
FX Y.R.-M. acknowledges the support under projects D.01406 and Y.61000
(CONACYT-SENER 177007) of the Instituto Mexican del Petroleo.
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD JUL 17
PY 2014
VL 118
IS 28
BP 5212
EP 5227
DI 10.1021/jp504257k
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AL8DG
UT WOS:000339367500011
PM 24949802
ER
PT J
AU Orkin, VL
Martynova, LE
Kurylo, MJ
AF Orkin, Vladimir L.
Martynova, Larissa E.
Kurylo, Michael J.
TI Photochemical Properties of trans-1-Chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene
(trans-CHCl=CHCF3): OH Reaction Rate Constant, UV and IR Absorption
Spectra, Global Warming Potential, and Ozone Depletion Potential
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; HIGH-ACCURACY MEASUREMENTS; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY;
CL-ATOMS; HYDROXYL RADICALS; KINETICS; O-3; LIFETIMES
AB Measurements of the rate constant for the gas-phase reactions of OH radicals with trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (trans-CHCl=CHCF3) were performed using a flash photolysis resonance fluorescence technique over the temperature range 220-370 K. The reaction rate constant exhibits a noticeable curvature of the temperature dependence in the Arrhenius plot, which can be represented by the following expression: k(t-CFP) (220-370 K) = 1.025 x 10(-13) x (T/298)(2.29) exp(+384/T) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). The room-temperature rate constant was determined to be k(t-CFP) (298 K) = (3.29 +/- 0.10) x 10(-13) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), where the uncertainty includes both two standard errors (statistical) and the estimated systematic error. For atmospheric modeling purposes, the rate constant below room temperature can be represented by the following expression: k(t-CFP) (220-298 K) = (7.20 +/- 0.46) x 10(-13) exp[-(237 +/- 16)/T] cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). There was no difference observed between the rate constants determined at 4 kPa (30 Torr) and 40 kPa (300 Torr) at both 298 and 370 K. The UV and IR absorption cross sections of this compound were measured at room temperature. The atmospheric lifetime, global warming potential, and ozone depletion potential of trans-CHCl=CHCF3 were estimated.
C1 [Orkin, Vladimir L.; Martynova, Larissa E.; Kurylo, Michael J.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Orkin, VL (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM vladimir.orkin@nist.gov
FU Upper Atmosphere Research Program of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
FX This work was performed under a cooperative research and development
agreement CN-5094 with Arkema Inc. (2008) and supported by the Upper
Atmosphere Research Program of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration. The authors thank Arkema Inc. for providing the samples.
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 21
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD JUL 17
PY 2014
VL 118
IS 28
BP 5263
EP 5271
DI 10.1021/jp5018949
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AL8DG
UT WOS:000339367500016
PM 24955760
ER
PT J
AU Pollock, FJ
Lamb, JB
Field, SN
Heron, SF
Schaffelke, B
Shedrawi, G
Bourne, DG
Willis, BL
AF Pollock, F. Joseph
Lamb, Joleah B.
Field, Stuart N.
Heron, Scott F.
Schaffelke, Britta
Shedrawi, George
Bourne, David G.
Willis, Bette L.
TI Sediment and Turbidity Associated with Offshore Dredging Increase Coral
Disease Prevalence on Nearby Reefs
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; SCLERACTINIAN CORALS; INDO-PACIFIC; BAND DISEASE;
NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; WATER-QUALITY; CLIMATE; ECOLOGY; RUNOFF;
TERRESTRIAL
AB In recent decades, coral reef ecosystems have declined to the extent that reefs are now threatened globally. While many water quality parameters have been proposed to contribute to reef declines, little evidence exists conclusively linking specific water quality parameters with increased disease prevalence in situ. Here we report evidence from in situ coral health surveys confirming that chronic exposure to dredging-associated sediment plumes significantly increase the prevalence of white syndromes, a devastating group of globally important coral diseases. Coral health surveys were conducted along a dredging-associated sediment plume gradient to assess the relationship between sedimentation, turbidity and coral health. Reefs exposed to the highest number of days under the sediment plume (296 to 347 days) had two-fold higher levels of disease, largely driven by a 2.5-fold increase in white syndromes, and a six-fold increase in other signs of compromised coral health relative to reefs with little or no plume exposure (0 to 9 days). Multivariate modeling and ordination incorporating sediment exposure level, coral community composition and cover, predation and multiple thermal stress indices provided further confirmation that sediment plume exposure level was the main driver of elevated disease and other compromised coral health indicators. This study provides the first evidence linking dredging-associated sedimentation and turbidity with elevated coral disease prevalence in situ. Our results may help to explain observed increases in global coral disease prevalence in recent decades and suggest that minimizing sedimentation and turbidity associated with coastal development will provide an important management tool for controlling coral disease epizootics.
C1 [Pollock, F. Joseph; Lamb, Joleah B.; Willis, Bette L.] James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Pollock, F. Joseph; Lamb, Joleah B.; Willis, Bette L.] Australian Inst Marine Sci, AIMS JCU, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
[Pollock, F. Joseph; Lamb, Joleah B.; Willis, Bette L.] James Cook Univ, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Pollock, F. Joseph; Schaffelke, Britta; Bourne, David G.] Australian Inst Marine Sci, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
[Field, Stuart N.; Shedrawi, George] Marine Sci Program, Dept Pk & Wildlife, Kensington, WA, Australia.
[Field, Stuart N.] Univ Western Australia, Oceans Inst, Crawley, WA, Australia.
[Heron, Scott F.] NOAA Coral Reef Watch, Townsville, Qld, Australia.
[Heron, Scott F.] James Cook Univ, Marine Geophys Lab, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
RP Pollock, FJ (reprint author), James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
EM Frederic.Pollock1@jcu.edu.au
RI Heron, Scott/E-7928-2011;
OI Lamb, Joleah/0000-0002-7005-9994; Shedrawi, George/0000-0002-4507-7293
FU Australian National Network in Marine Science (ANNiMS) PhD mobility
scholarship awarded; ANNiMS Industry Research grant awarded; project
through DPaW's Dredging Audit and Surveillance Program as part of
environmental offsets
FX This work was partially funded by an Australian National Network in
Marine Science (ANNiMS) PhD mobility scholarship awarded to FJP and an
ANNiMS Industry Research grant awarded to JBL. The Gorgon Joint Venture
(http://www.chevronaustralia.com/our-businesses/gorgon) also largely
funded the project through DPaW's Dredging Audit and Surveillance
Program as part of environmental offsets. The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 57
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U1 8
U2 76
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 7
AR e102498
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0102498
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AO4KM
UT WOS:000341306600078
PM 25029525
ER
PT J
AU Spence, P
Griffies, SM
England, MH
Hogg, AM
Saenko, OA
Jourdain, NC
AF Spence, Paul
Griffies, Stephen M.
England, Matthew H.
Hogg, Andrew McC
Saenko, Oleg A.
Jourdain, Nicolas C.
TI Rapid subsurface warming and circulation changes of Antarctic coastal
waters by poleward shifting winds
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CIRCUMPOLAR DEEP-WATER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ICE-SHEET; ANNULAR MODES; SLOPE
FRONT; MEAN STATE; SHELF; SEA; SENSITIVITY; TRENDS
AB The southern hemisphere westerly winds have been strengthening and shifting poleward since the 1950s. This wind trend is projected to persist under continued anthropogenic forcing, but the impact of the changing winds on Antarctic coastal heat distribution remains poorly understood. Here we show that a poleward wind shift at the latitudes of the Antarctic Peninsula can produce an intense warming of subsurface coastal waters that exceeds 2 degrees C at 200-700 m depth. The model simulated warming results from a rapid advective heat flux induced by weakened near-shore Ekman pumping and is associated with weakened coastal currents. This analysis shows that anthropogenically induced wind changes can dramatically increase the temperature of ocean water at ice sheet grounding lines and at the base of floating ice shelves around Antarctica, with potentially significant ramifications for global sea level rise.
C1 [Spence, Paul; England, Matthew H.] Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Spence, Paul; England, Matthew H.; Jourdain, Nicolas C.] Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Griffies, Stephen M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Hogg, Andrew McC] Australian Natl Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
[Hogg, Andrew McC] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
[Saenko, Oleg A.] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Jourdain, Nicolas C.] Univ Grenoble, CNRS, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, Grenoble, France.
RP Spence, P (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
EM paul.spence@unsw.edu.au
RI Hogg, Andy/A-7553-2011; Jourdain, Nicolas/B-6899-2015
OI Hogg, Andy/0000-0001-5898-7635; England, Matthew/0000-0001-9696-2930;
Jourdain, Nicolas/0000-0002-1372-2235
FU Australian Research Council; Australian National Computing
Infrastructure Facility
FX This work was supported by the Australian Research Council and the
Australian National Computing Infrastructure Facility. We sincerely
thank GFDL for helping with GFDL-MOM025 developments. We thank Mike
Winton, Chris Fogwill, Matthew Mazloff, Neil Swart, Bill Merryfield,
Adele Morrison, Jianjun Yin, Carolina Dufour, and Ivy Frenger for
helpful comments. The data for this paper are available at
http://web.science.unsw.edu.au/similar to paulspence/pubs.html.
NR 47
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 4
U2 34
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 13
BP 4601
EP 4610
DI 10.1002/2014GL060613
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AN0SW
UT WOS:000340295300026
ER
PT J
AU Dong, SF
Baringer, MO
Goni, GJ
Meinen, CS
Garzoli, SL
AF Dong, Shenfu
Baringer, Molly O.
Goni, Gustavo J.
Meinen, Christopher S.
Garzoli, Silvia L.
TI Seasonal variations in the South Atlantic Meridional Overturning
Circulation from observations and numerical models
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAT-TRANSPORT; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; VARIABILITY; CYCLE; OCEAN
AB Monthly climatologies of temperature and salinity from observations and numerical models are used to estimate the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) at 34 S. Observational estimates suggest that the geostrophic transport plays an equal role to the Ekman transport in the AMOC seasonal variations at this latitude, whereas in the models, the Ekman transport controls the AMOC seasonality. The seasonality of the geostrophic transport from observations is largely controlled by the seasonal density variations at the western boundary, but in the models, the eastern boundary dominates. The observed density seasonality at the western boundary is linked to the intensity of the Malvinas Current, which is poorly reproduced in the models. The results indicate that the weak seasonal cycle in the model geostrophic transport can primarily be attributed to excessively strong baroclinicity below the surface mixed layer, whereas the observations show a strong vertical coherence in the velocity down to 1200 m.
C1 [Dong, Shenfu; Garzoli, Silvia L.] Univ Miami, CIMAS, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
[Dong, Shenfu; Baringer, Molly O.; Goni, Gustavo J.; Meinen, Christopher S.; Garzoli, Silvia L.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Dong, SF (reprint author), Univ Miami, CIMAS, Miami, FL 33136 USA.
EM shenfu.dong@noaa.gov
RI Meinen, Christopher/G-1902-2012; Baringer, Molly/D-2277-2012; Garzoli,
Silvia/A-3556-2010; Dong, Shenfu/I-4435-2013; Goni, Gustavo/D-2017-2012
OI Meinen, Christopher/0000-0002-8846-6002; Baringer,
Molly/0000-0002-8503-5194; Garzoli, Silvia/0000-0003-3553-2253; Dong,
Shenfu/0000-0001-8247-8072; Goni, Gustavo/0000-0001-7093-3170
FU Cooperative Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Studies; cooperative
institute of the University of Miami; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) [NA10OAR4320143]; NOAA [NA10OAR4310206]; NOAA
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
FX The gridded T/S fields from the Argo float measurements are available at
http://www.argo.ucsd.edu/Gridded_fields.html. The velocity at 1000m
depth from Argo floats is obtained from
http://apdrc.soest.hawaii.edu/projects/Argo/data/trjctry/. The World
Ocean Atlas 2013 is from http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/woa13/. The CCSM4
and GFDL-ESM2M model output are available at http://pcmdi9.llnl.gov/.
This research was carried out in part under the auspices of the
Cooperative Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Studies, a cooperative
institute of the University of Miami and the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), cooperative agreement NA10OAR4320143.
This work was supported by the NOAA grant NA10OAR4310206 and by the NOAA
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory.
NR 33
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 13
BP 4611
EP 4618
DI 10.1002/2014GL060428
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AN0SW
UT WOS:000340295300027
ER
PT J
AU Weaver, SJ
Kumar, A
Chen, MY
AF Weaver, Scott J.
Kumar, Arun
Chen, Mingyue
TI Recent increases in extreme temperature occurrence over land
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID VARIABILITY
AB Recently observed global and U.S. temperature increases are probed from the perspective of several hundred climate realizations afforded by the availability of reforecast climate model runs from the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2. The large number of seasonal realizations with the observed time-varying CO2 affords a unique opportunity to explore the role of greenhouse gas changes on 3 month seasonal mean temperature increases, and specifically, whether they are the result of a shift in the mean temperature distribution or an increase in its variability. It is found that significant positive shifts in the temperature probability density function (PDF) occur primarily as the result of the time-varying CO2 included in the historical model runs, although a contribution from natural climate variability modes cannot be categorically excluded. The temperature PDF comparison further indicates that the increasing global and U. S. temperatures over the last 30 years are predominantly the result of shifts in the mean temperature distribution and not increasing temperature variability. As such, the likelihood of increases in the occurrence of warm temperature extremes will likely continue to increase worldwide, leading to significant impacts on many socioeconomic sectors such as agriculture and public health.
C1 [Weaver, Scott J.; Kumar, Arun; Chen, Mingyue] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Weaver, SJ (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Scott.Weaver@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Climate Program Office's Modeling, Analysis, Predictions, and
Projection program
FX We wish to thank Wanqiu Wang and Emily Becker for their comments and
suggestions on an early version of this manuscript and two anonymous
reviewers whose comments and suggestions greatly enhanced the quality of
this paper. The CFSv2 reforecast data are freely available through the
NOAA National Climatic Data Center. The authors wish to acknowledge
support of NOAA's Climate Program Office's Modeling, Analysis,
Predictions, and Projection program.
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 23
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 13
BP 4669
EP 4675
DI 10.1002/2014GL060300
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AN0SW
UT WOS:000340295300034
ER
PT J
AU Emory, AE
Demoz, B
Vermeesch, K
Hicks, M
AF Emory, Amber E.
Demoz, Belay
Vermeesch, Kevin
Hicks, Micheal
TI Double bright band observations with high-resolution vertically pointing
radar, lidar, and profilers
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID MELTING LAYER; PRECIPITATION; CLOUDS; SYSTEM
AB On 11 May 2010, an elevated temperature inversion associated with an approaching warm front produced two melting layers simultaneously, which resulted in two distinct bright bands as viewed from the ER-2 Doppler radar system, a vertically pointing, coherent X band radar located in Greenbelt, MD. Due to the high temporal resolution of this radar system, an increase in altitude of the melting layer of approximately 1.2 km in the time span of 4 min was captured. The double bright band feature remained evident for approximately 17 min, until the lower atmosphere warmed enough to dissipate the lower melting layer. This case shows the relatively rapid evolution of freezing levels in response to an advancing warm front over a 2 h time period and the descent of an elevated warm air mass with time. Although observations of double bright bands are somewhat rare, the ability to identify this phenomenon is important for rainfall estimation from spaceborne sensors because algorithms employing the restriction of a radar bright band to a constant height, especially when sampling across frontal systems, will limit the ability to accurately estimate rainfall.
C1 [Emory, Amber E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Demoz, Belay] Howard Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
[Vermeesch, Kevin] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
[Hicks, Micheal] Natl Weather Serv, Sterling, VA USA.
RP Emory, AE (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM amber.emory@nasa.gov
RI Demoz, Belay/N-4130-2014
FU NASA under the University Research Centers (URC); NOAA Center for
Atmospheric Studies
FX The authors would like to thank Gerald Heymsfield, Lin Tian, and
Everette Joseph for fruitful and informative discussions about this
case. The authors would also like to thank Kevin Witt from the Sterling,
VA NWS forecast office for help with the forecast discussion and the
Maryland Department of the Environment for the 915 MHz profiler data.
The instruments operated at the Howard University Beltsville site are
funded by NASA under the University Research Centers (URC) and NOAA
Center for Atmospheric Studies.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 13
AR 2013JD020063
DI 10.1002/2013JD020063
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN2IK
UT WOS:000340408000026
ER
PT J
AU Karpechko, AY
Perlwitz, J
Manzini, E
AF Karpechko, Alexey Yu
Perlwitz, Judith
Manzini, Elisa
TI A model study of tropospheric impacts of the Arctic ozone depletion 2011
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE WINTER; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
ATMOSPHERIC RESPONSE; ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; DECADAL TRENDS;
GREENHOUSE-GAS; ANNULAR MODES; STRATOSPHERE; VARIABILITY
AB Record Arctic ozone loss in spring 2011 occurred in concert with record positive values of the tropospheric Northern Annular Mode (NAM) index raising the question about the role of stratospheric driver on this tropospheric climate event. A set of 50 years long simulations by atmospheric general circulation model European Centre/Hamburg version 5 (ECHAM5) is carried out and the responses of the model to observed anomalies in stratospheric ozone (O3) and sea surface temperatures (SST) separately and also the response to combined SST and O3 forcing (ALL) are analyzed. In all three experiments the response is characterized by a strengthening of stratospheric polar vortex in March-April. In the ALL experiment, this strengthening is followed by a significant, long-lasting shift of the tropospheric circulation toward a positive NAM phase and increased probability of occurrence of extremely positive NAM events. The combined effect of the O3 and SST forcings on the stratospheric circulation differs from the sum of the individual O3 and SST responses, most likely due to nonlinear effects, leading to a colder stratosphere in February-March. In the troposphere, the sum of the individual responses is comparable in magnitude to the ALL response, but the individual responses are delayed with respect to that in ALL. In summary, these results suggest that both ozone-induced stratospheric cooling and tropospheric forcing associated with the SST anomalies contributed to the record tropospheric climate anomalies observed in spring 2011.
C1 [Karpechko, Alexey Yu] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[Perlwitz, Judith] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Perlwitz, Judith] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Manzini, Elisa] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
RP Karpechko, AY (reprint author), Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
EM alexey.karpechko@fmi.fi
RI Perlwitz, Judith/B-7201-2008
OI Perlwitz, Judith/0000-0003-4061-2442
FU Academy of Finland [259537, 140408]; NASA [NNX13AM24G]
FX We thank Lorenzo Polvani and two anonymous reviewers for constructive
comments. We also thank Lorenzo Polvani for sharing their results before
publication. MERRA data used in this study have been provided by the
Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) at NASA Goddard Space
Flight Center through the NASA GES DISC online archive. UK MetOffice is
acknowledged for providing HadISSC data via their website
www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs. We thank the MLS teams for providing the
data used for the comparison with MERRA ozone. ECMWF is acknowledged for
providing ERA-Interim data. A.Y.K. is funded by the Academy of Finland
through grants 259537 and 140408. J.P.'s contribution is supported by
NASA under grant NNX13AM24G.
NR 62
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Z9 2
U1 1
U2 20
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 13
AR 2013JD021350
DI 10.1002/2013JD021350
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN2IK
UT WOS:000340408000014
ER
PT J
AU Kawai, Y
Tomita, H
Cronin, MF
Bond, NA
AF Kawai, Yoshimi
Tomita, Hiroyuki
Cronin, Meghan F.
Bond, Nicholas A.
TI Atmospheric pressure response to mesoscale sea surface temperature
variations in the Kuroshio Extension region: In situ evidence
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-STREAM; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; OCEANIC FRONT; NORTH WALL; PACIFIC;
TROPOSPHERE; GRADIENTS; BREEZE; WINDS
AB Several research cruises were conducted across the Kuroshio Extension front to examine the low-level atmospheric responses to mesoscale variations in sea surface temperature (SST). Surface meteorological observations, including sea level pressure (SLP) and SST, were collected at two moored buoys that were located on either side of the Kuroshio Extension, and from a research vessel, as it moved between the two buoys during the various cruises. Spatial perturbations in SLP along the ship transects, calculated by subtracting moored-buoy SLP from that of the moving ship, tend to be positive (negative) where SST is lower (higher) on spatial scales of about 100 km, and the magnitude of these SLP perturbations near the SST front can exceed 1.0 hPa. Radiosonde data also show that the atmospheric boundary layer thins (thickens) over lower (higher) SST. Although the contribution of across-track component in the wind cannot be calculated, the along-track component of divergence suggests low-level convergence over higher SST. The thermally induced pressure gradient is important in the momentum budget, suggesting that sea breeze-like local circulations formed over the SST fronts. Indeed, the pressure adjustment mechanism can sometimes dominate even on a scale of 100 km, although it is not always observed. The time scale in which the boundary layer thickness adjusted to SST is estimated to be 1 day or less.
C1 [Kawai, Yoshimi] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Res & Dev Ctr Global Change, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[Tomita, Hiroyuki] Nagoya Univ, Hydrospher Atmospher Res Ctr, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Cronin, Meghan F.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Bond, Nicholas A.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Kawai, Y (reprint author), Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Res & Dev Ctr Global Change, 2-15 Natsushimacho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
EM ykawai@jamstec.go.jp
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of
Japan [22106007]; NASA Earth Science MEaSUREs DISCOVER Project; AMSR-E
Science Team
FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific
Research on Innovative Areas (22106007). The authors would like to
sincerely thank the captains and crews of R/V Mirai and R/V Kaiyo, K.
Ando and Y. Kashino of JAMSTEC, K. Ronnholm, R. Kamphaus, and M. Strick
of NOAA for their help in the observations. The AMSR-E data are produced
by Remote Sensing Systems and sponsored by the NASA Earth Science
MEaSUREs DISCOVER Project and the AMSR-E Science Team. Data are
available at www.remss.com. Weather charts were provided by the Japan
Meteorological Agency. The CCMP data are released from the Physical
Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (PO.DAAC). The authors
are also extremely grateful to H. Nakamura, M. Nonaka, B. Taguchi, and
M. Konda for valuable discussions, and editors and anonymous reviewers
for improving this paper.
NR 32
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U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 13
AR 2013JD021126
DI 10.1002/2013JD021126
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN2IK
UT WOS:000340408000015
ER
PT J
AU Miller, SD
Noh, YJ
Heidinger, AK
AF Miller, Steven D.
Noh, Yoo-Jeong
Heidinger, Andrew K.
TI Liquid-top mixed-phase cloud detection from shortwave-infrared satellite
radiometer observations: A physical basis
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID PASSIVE MICROWAVE SENSORS; DROPLET EFFECTIVE RADIUS; ICE WATER-CONTENT;
RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; ARCTIC CLOUD; CONVECTIVE PARAMETERIZATION; MARINE
STRATOCUMULUS; PART II; MODEL; ALTOCUMULUS
AB Meteorological clouds often exist in the liquid phase at temperatures below 0 degrees C. Traditionally, satellite-derived information on cloud phase comes from narrow bands in the shortwave and thermal infrared, with sensitivity biased strongly toward cloud top. In situ observations suggest an abundance of clouds having supercooled liquid water at their tops but a predominantly ice phase residing below. Satellites may report these clouds simply as supercooled liquid, with no further information regarding the presence of a subcloud top ice phase. Here we describe a physical basis for the detection of liquid-top mixed-phase clouds from passive satellite radiometer observations. The algorithm makes use of reflected sunlight in narrow bands at 1.6 and 2.25 mu m to optically probe below liquid-topped clouds and determine phase. Detection is predicated on differential absorption properties between liquid and ice particles, accounting for varying Sun/sensor geometry and cloud optical properties. When tested on numerical weather prediction model simulated cloud fields, the algorithm provided threat scores in the 0.6-0.8 range and false alarm rates in the 0.1-0.2 range. A case study based on surface and satellite observations of liquid-top mixed-phase clouds in northern Alaska was also examined. Preliminary results indicate promising potential for distinction between supercooled liquid-top phase clouds with and without an underlying mixed-phase component.
C1 [Miller, Steven D.; Noh, Yoo-Jeong] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Heidinger, Andrew K.] Univ Wisconsin, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res,Adv Satellite Prod B, Madison, WI USA.
RP Miller, SD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM Steven.Miller@ColoState.EDU
RI Heidinger, Andrew/F-5591-2010
OI Heidinger, Andrew/0000-0001-7631-109X
FU Naval Research Laboratory [N00173-10-C-2003, N00173-14-1-G902];
Oceanographer of the Navy through the Program Executive Office
[C4I/PMW-120, PE-0603207 N]; DoD Center for Geosciences/Atmospheric
Research at Colorado State University [W911NF-06-2-0015]; Army Research
Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory through
contracts N00173-10-C-2003 and N00173-14-1-G902, the Oceanographer of
the Navy through the Program Executive Office C4I/PMW-120 under program
element PE-0603207 N, and the DoD Center for Geosciences/Atmospheric
Research at Colorado State University under Cooperative Agreement
W911NF-06-2-0015 with the Army Research Laboratory. The views, opinions,
and findings contained in this report are those of the authors and
should not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration or U. S. Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 86
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U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 13
AR 2013JD021262
DI 10.1002/2013JD021262
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN2IK
UT WOS:000340408000029
ER
PT J
AU Ming, J
Zhang, JA
Rogers, RF
Marks, FD
Wang, Y
Cai, NH
AF Ming, Jie
Zhang, Jun A.
Rogers, Robert F.
Marks, Frank D.
Wang, Yuan
Cai, Ninghao
TI Multiplatform observations of boundary layer structure in the outer
rainbands of landfalling typhoons
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATIONS; INTENSITY FORECASTING EXPERIMENT; TROPICAL
STORM GABRIELLE; IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; PART I; TURBULENT FLUXES; DOPPLER
PROFILER; NUMERICAL-MODEL; ROLL VORTICES; LENGTH SCALES
AB This paper analyzes data collected from a new set of observational platforms in the coastal area of China, which consist of a mobile observation system, meteorological tower, automatic weather station, and Doppler radars, to investigate the mean and turbulent boundary layer structure and evolution during the landfall of typhoons. An example of these data is provided from Typhoon Morakot (2009). Vertical profiles of wind velocities and thermodynamic parameters from the observed data allow us to identify different boundary layer structures during and after landfall. These structures, sampled in regions of the outer core, are stratified into periods where convection is occurring (termed "convective") and periods where convection has recently (<2 h) occurred (termed "postconvective"). Data analyses show that the thermodynamic mixed-layer depth and inflow layer depth are higher during the convective period than the postconvective period. The mixed-layer depth is found to be within the strong inflow layer, but the height of the maximum tangential wind speed is above the inflow layer during both periods, contrary to recent observational studies of the boundary-layer structure of tropical cyclones over water. High-frequency wind data show that momentum flux, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and integral length scales of wind velocities are all much larger during the convective period than the postconvective period. The results suggest that convective downdrafts may play an important role in modulating turbulent flux, TKE, vertical mixing, and boundary layer recovery processes.
C1 [Ming, Jie; Wang, Yuan; Cai, Ninghao] Nanjing Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Mesoscale Severe Weather, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Jun A.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Zhang, Jun A.; Rogers, Robert F.; Marks, Frank D.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Ming, J (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Mesoscale Severe Weather, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM jming@nju.edu.cn
RI Zhang, Jun/F-9580-2012; Marks, Frank/A-5733-2011; Rogers,
Robert/I-4428-2013
OI Marks, Frank/0000-0003-0371-5514;
FU National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China
[2009CB421502, 2013CB430100]; National Natural Science Foundation of
China [41105035, 41105036, 40975011]; Chinese Special Scientific
Research Project for Public Interest [GYHY201006007, GYHY201206005];
National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (973
program) [2009CB421500]; NOAA's Hurricane Forecast and Improvement
Project (HFIP)
FX This work was supported by the National Key Basic Research and
Development Program of China (2009CB421502 and 2013CB430100), the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 41105035, 41105036,
and 40975011), and Chinese Special Scientific Research Project for
Public Interest (GYHY201006007 and GYHY201206005). The authors are
grateful to Xiaoqin Lu of Shanghai Typhoon Institute for providing the
observed data. The observed data were collected by an experiment
supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of
China (973 program: 2009CB421500). Because of the data policy of 973
program, the data cannot be released until 2018. Before that one with
special interest in the data used in this study can request by
contacting the office of this 973 program through email:
sunj@mail.typhoon.gov.cn. Jun Zhang, Robert Rogers, and Frank Marks were
supported by NOAA's Hurricane Forecast and Improvement Project (HFIP).
We also thank three anonymous reviewers for their comments which helped
improve our paper.
NR 78
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U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 13
AR 2014JD021637
DI 10.1002/2014JD021637
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN2IK
UT WOS:000340408000002
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, XL
Massoli, P
Quinn, PK
Bates, TS
Cappa, CD
AF Zhang, Xiaolu
Massoli, Paola
Quinn, Patricia K.
Bates, Timothy S.
Cappa, Christopher D.
TI Hygroscopic growth of submicron and supermicron aerosols in the marine
boundary layer
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; ORGANIC
AEROSOL; SCATTERING COEFFICIENT; SPECIES CONTRIBUTIONS;
MASS-SPECTROMETER; SEA-SALT; DASH-SP; SIZE
AB We investigate hygroscopic growth of marine aerosols from three research cruises: Texas Air Quality Study-Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (TexAQS-GoMACCS) 2006, International Chemistry Experiment in the Arctic Lower Troposphere (ICEALOT) 2008, and California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change (CalNex) 2010. Particle hygroscopic growth was characterized by measuring the effect of water uptake under subsaturated conditions on the aerosol light extinction at 532 nm. Mie theory calculations were utilized to convert the observed optical growth factors (f(ext)(RH)) into physical growth factors (GF) at 85% RH. GF is found to be a more robust measure of aerosol hygroscopic growth than f(ext)(RH), which can be biased by changes in aerosol dry size. Consistent with previous observations, the overall GF(85%) for submicron aerosol depended on the fraction of organics. The submicron GF(OM)(85%) specifically was found to range from 1.0 to 1.3 for all three campaigns. A robust positive linear dependence of the overall supermicron GF(85%) on the mass fraction of sea salt was observed. During TexAQS, two types of dust particles with distinct hygroscopic properties were identified in the supermicron mode; one that originated from the Sahara desert was moderately hygroscopic (GF(dust)(85%) = similar to 1.4) and the other from continental sources was nearly hydrophobic. The GF(85%) of supermicron organics was estimated through hygroscopicity closure calculations. Supermicron organics that originated from marine sources were found to be substantially more hygroscopic than those from continental sources, with the latter having a GF(85%) similar to that of the submicron organics. This study demonstrates the potential of using aerosol optical measurements to retrieve hygroscopic growth factor and underlines the importance and need for future investigations on the hygroscopic properties of marine supermicron aerosols.
C1 [Zhang, Xiaolu; Cappa, Christopher D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Massoli, Paola] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA USA.
[Quinn, Patricia K.; Bates, Timothy S.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Cappa, CD (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM cdcappa@ucdavis.edu
RI Bates, Timothy/L-6080-2016; Quinn, Patricia/R-1493-2016
OI Quinn, Patricia/0000-0003-0337-4895
FU NOAA Climate Program Office [NA09OAR4310124]; U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency [RD834558]; NOAA; California Air Resources Board
(CalNex); Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS)
FX This analysis was supported by the NOAA Climate Program Office
(NA09OAR4310124) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under a
STAR research assistance agreement (RD834558). This work has not been
formally reviewed by any of the funding agencies. The views expressed in
this document are solely those of the authors, and the funding agencies
do not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this
publication. The three cruises were primarily supported by NOAA with
additional support from the California Air Resources Board (CalNex) and
the Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS). The authors would like to
acknowledge Derek Coffman and Kristen Schulz at NOAA PMEL for the
collection of the size distribution and impactor data, respectively. We
also thank the crews of NOAA R/V Ronald H. Brown, WHOI R/V Knorr, and
the WHOI R/V Atlantis who made this study possible.
NR 59
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 13
AR 2013JD021213
DI 10.1002/2013JD021213
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN2IK
UT WOS:000340408000036
ER
PT J
AU Liao, JQ
Jacobs, K
Nori, F
Simmonds, RW
AF Liao, Jie-Qiao
Jacobs, Kurt
Nori, Franco
Simmonds, Raymond W.
TI Modulated electromechanics: large enhancements of nonlinearities
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE electromechanics; modulation enhancement; optical nonlinearity
ID NANOMECHANICAL MOTION; MECHANICAL OSCILLATOR; MOVING MIRROR; QUANTUM;
SYSTEMS; CAVITY; STATES; REGIME
AB It is well-known that the nonlinear coupling between a mechanical oscillator and a superconducting resonator or optical cavity can be used to generate a Kerr-nonlinearity for the cavity mode. We show that the strength of this Kerr-nonlinearity, as well as the effect of the photon-pressure force can be enormously increased by modulating the strength of the nonlinear coupling. We describe an electromechanical circuit where this enhancement could be readily realized.
C1 [Liao, Jie-Qiao; Jacobs, Kurt; Nori, Franco] RIKEN, CEMS, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
[Jacobs, Kurt] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Nori, Franco] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Simmonds, Raymond W.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Liao, JQ (reprint author), RIKEN, CEMS, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
EM kurt.jacobs@umb.edu
RI Liao, Jie-Qiao/A-1509-2011; Nori, Franco/B-1222-2009
OI Liao, Jie-Qiao/0000-0002-3232-0098; Nori, Franco/0000-0003-3682-7432
FU Foreign Postdoctoral Fellowship of the Japan Society for the Promotion
of Science (JSPS) [P12503]; NSF [PHY-1005571, PHY-1212413]; ARO MURI
[W911NF-11-1-0268]; RIKEN iTHES Project, MURI Center for Dynamic
Magneto-Optics
FX We acknowledge helpful comments from John Teufel and Florent Lecocq.
J-QL is supported by a Foreign Postdoctoral Fellowship (no. P12503) of
the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). KJ is partially
supported by the NSF projects PHY-1005571 and PHY-1212413, and the ARO
MURI grant W911NF-11-1-0268. FN is partially supported by the RIKEN
iTHES Project, MURI Center for Dynamic Magneto-Optics, and a
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S).
NR 35
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Z9 7
U1 0
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 16
AR 072001
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/16/7/072001
PG 10
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AL6KB
UT WOS:000339240100001
ER
PT J
AU Maghrebi, MF
Jaffe, RL
Kardar, M
AF Maghrebi, Mohammad F.
Jaffe, Robert L.
Kardar, Mehran
TI Nonequilibrium quantum fluctuations of a dispersive medium: Spontaneous
emission, photon statistics, entropy generation, and stochastic motion
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELD; MOVING MIRROR; VIBRATING CAVITY; RADIATION;
VACUUM; FRICTION; BODY; TIME; ELECTRODYNAMICS; QUANTIZATION
AB We study the implications of quantum fluctuations of a dispersive medium, under steady rotation, either in or out of thermal equilibrium with its environment. A rotating object exhibits a quantum instability by dissipating its mechanical motion via spontaneous emission of photons, as well as internal heat generation. Universal relations are derived for the radiated energy and angular momentum as trace formulas involving the object's scattering matrix. We also compute the quantum noise by deriving the full statistics of the radiated photons out of thermal and/or dynamic equilibrium. The (entanglement) entropy generation is quantified and the total entropy is shown to be always increasing. Furthermore, we derive a Fokker-Planck equation governing the stochastic angular motion resulting from the fluctuating backreaction frictional torque. As a result, we find a quantum limit on the uncertainty of the object's angular velocity in steady rotation. Finally, we show in some detail that a rotating object drags nearby objects, making them spin parallel to its axis of rotation. A scalar toy model is introduced to simplify the technicalities and ease the conceptual complexities and then a detailed discussion of quantum electrodynamics is presented.
C1 [Maghrebi, Mohammad F.; Jaffe, Robert L.] MIT, Ctr Theoret Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Maghrebi, Mohammad F.; Kardar, Mehran] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Maghrebi, MF (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
OI /0000-0002-0262-3645
FU US Department of Energy [DF-FC02-94ER40818]; NSF [DMR-12-06323]
FX This work was supported by the US Department of Energy under cooperative
research agreement No. DF-FC02-94ER40818 (M.F.M. and R.L.J.) and NSF
Grant No. DMR-12-06323 (M. K.).
NR 68
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 17
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
EI 1094-1622
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 1
AR 012515
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.012515
PG 22
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA AL4HI
UT WOS:000339093200004
ER
PT J
AU Gong, ZX
Foss-Feig, M
Michalakis, S
Gorshkov, AV
AF Gong, Zhe-Xuan
Foss-Feig, Michael
Michalakis, Spyridon
Gorshkov, Alexey V.
TI Persistence of Locality in Systems with Power-Law Interactions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIEB-ROBINSON BOUNDS; QUANTUM SIMULATOR; DYNAMICS; DIAMOND;
ENTANGLEMENT; FRUSTRATION; EMERGENCE; THEOREM; SPINS
AB Motivated by recent experiments with ultracold matter, we derive a new bound on the propagation of information in D-dimensional lattice models exhibiting 1/r(alpha) interactions with alpha > D. The bound contains two terms: One accounts for the short-ranged part of the interactions, giving rise to a bounded velocity and reflecting the persistence of locality out to intermediate distances, whereas the other contributes a power-law decay at longer distances. We demonstrate that these two contributions not only bound but, except at long times, qualitatively reproduce the short- and long-distance dynamical behavior following a local quench in an XY chain and a transverse-field Ising chain. In addition to describing dynamics in numerous intractable long-range interacting lattice models, our results can be experimentally verified in a variety of ultracold-atomic and solid-state systems.
C1 [Gong, Zhe-Xuan; Foss-Feig, Michael; Gorshkov, Alexey V.] Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Michalakis, Spyridon] CALTECH, Inst Quantum Informat & Matter, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Gong, ZX (reprint author), Univ Maryland, NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RI Gorshkov, Alexey/A-9848-2008; Gong, Zhexuan/G-4348-2016
OI Gorshkov, Alexey/0000-0003-0509-3421;
FU JQI; NSF PFC at JQI; NRC; Institute for Quantum Information and Matter,
an NSF Physics Frontiers Center; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
[GBMF1250]
FX Z. -X.G. and M. F.-F. contributed equally to this work. We thank J.
Preskill for asking whether the bound derived in Ref. [8] reduces to the
nearest-neighbor case as alpha -> infinity, and M. Kastner for pointing
out that, if one optimizes with respect to mu at ever r and t in Eq.
(2), the hybrid exponential-algebraic behavior shown in Fig. 4 becomes
evident only at larger values of alpha. We thank A. M. Rey, K. Hazzard,
C. Monroe, L.-M. Duan, C. Senko, P. Richerme, M. Maghrebi, A. Daley, J.
Schachenmayer, A. Lee, J. Smith, and S. Manmana for discussions. This
work was supported by the JQI and the NSF PFC at JQI. M. F.-F. thanks
the NRC for support. S. M. acknowledges funding provided by the
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, an NSF Physics Frontiers
Center with support of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through
Grant No. GBMF1250.
NR 41
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 3
AR 030602
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.030602
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AL4IO
UT WOS:000339096600003
PM 25083624
ER
PT J
AU Liu, YY
Petersson, KD
Stehlik, J
Taylor, JM
Petta, JR
AF Liu, Y. -Y.
Petersson, K. D.
Stehlik, J.
Taylor, J. M.
Petta, J. R.
TI Photon Emission from a Cavity-Coupled Double Quantum Dot
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CIRCUIT; QUBIT; ELECTRODYNAMICS
AB We study a voltage biased InAs double quantum dot (DQD) that is coupled to a superconducting transmission line resonator. Inelastic tunneling in the DQD is mediated by electron phonon coupling and coupling to the cavity mode. We show that electronic transport through the DQD leads to photon emission from the cavity at a rate of 10 MHz. With a small cavity drive field, we observe a gain of up to 15 in the cavity transmission. Our results are analyzed in the context of existing theoretical models and suggest that it may be necessary to account for inelastic tunneling processes that proceed via simultaneous emission of a phonon and a photon.
C1 [Liu, Y. -Y.; Petersson, K. D.; Stehlik, J.; Petta, J. R.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Taylor, J. M.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Liu, YY (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RI Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011; Petersson, Karl/P-7209-2014; Petta,
Jason/J-6663-2013
OI Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594; Petersson, Karl/0000-0002-1012-7895;
Petta, Jason/0000-0002-6416-0789
FU Sloan and Packard Foundations, Army Research Office [W911NF-08-1-0189];
DARPA QuEST [HR0011-09-1-0007]; NSF [DMR-0819860, DMR-0846341]; United
States Department of Defense
FX Research at Princeton was supported by the Sloan and Packard
Foundations, Army Research Office Grant No. W911NF-08-1-0189, DARPA
QuEST Grant No. HR0011-09-1-0007, and the NSF through DMR-0819860 and
DMR-0846341. The research was partially sponsored by the United States
Department of Defense. The views and conclusions contained in this
document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as
representing the official policies, either expressly or implied, of the
U.S. Government.
NR 40
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Z9 46
U1 3
U2 37
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 3
AR 036801
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.036801
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AL4IO
UT WOS:000339096600019
PM 25083659
ER
PT J
AU Safronova, MS
Dzuba, VA
Flambaum, VV
Safronova, UI
Porsev, SG
Kozlov, MG
AF Safronova, M. S.
Dzuba, V. A.
Flambaum, V. V.
Safronova, U. I.
Porsev, S. G.
Kozlov, M. G.
TI Highly Charged Ions for Atomic Clocks, Quantum Information, and Search
for alpha variation
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS
AB We propose 10 highly charged ions as candidates for the development of next generation atomic clocks, quantum information, and search for alpha variation. They have long-lived metastable states with transition wavelengths to the ground state between 170-3000 nm, relatively simple electronic structure, stable isotopes, and high sensitivity to alpha variation (e.g., Sm14+, Pr10+, Sm13+, Nd10+). We predict their properties crucial for the experimental exploration and highlight particularly attractive systems for these applications.
C1 [Safronova, M. S.; Porsev, S. G.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20899 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20899 USA.
[Dzuba, V. A.; Flambaum, V. V.] Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Porsev, S. G.; Kozlov, M. G.] Petersburg Nucl Phys Inst, Gatchina 188300, Russia.
[Kozlov, M. G.] St Petersburg Electrotech Univ LETI, St Petersburg 197376, Russia.
RP Safronova, MS (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RI Kozlov, Mikhail/D-8963-2011
OI Kozlov, Mikhail/0000-0002-7751-6553
FU U.S. NSF [PHY-1212442]; RFBR [14-02-00241]; Gordon Godfrey Fellowship
program, UNSW; Australian Research Council
FX We thank C. W. Clark, C. Monroe, J. Tan, Yu. Ralchenko, and P.
Beiersdorfer for useful discussions. This work was supported in part by
U.S. NSF Grant No. PHY-1212442. M. G. K. acknowledges support from RFBR
Grant No. 14-02-00241. M. S. S. thanks the School of Physics at UNSW,
Sydney, Australia for hospitality and acknowledges support from the
Gordon Godfrey Fellowship program, UNSW. The work is partly supported by
the Australian Research Council.
NR 38
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U1 1
U2 26
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 3
AR 030801
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.030801
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AL4IO
UT WOS:000339096600005
PM 25083627
ER
PT J
AU Herr, HD
Krzysztofowicz, R
AF Herr, Henry D.
Krzysztofowicz, Roman
TI Addendum to Bayesian ensemble forecast of river stages and ensemble size
requirements
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Forecasting; Stochastic processes; Probability; Ensemble; Estimation
errors; Rivers
AB Ensemble size requirements were analyzed using Bayesian ensemble forecasts (Herr and Krzysztofowicz, 2010). These forecasts were generated using output from an analytic-numerical Bayesian forecasting system (BFS) within a Monte-Carlo algorithm. Empirical distributions were estimated from the ensemble forecasts and compared with the analytic distributions output by the BFS. Using the maximum absolute difference as a measure of the quality of fit, it was shown that a single graph described the relationship between the ensemble size and the expected maximum absolute difference. Within the scope of the experiments, the graph was insensitive to forecast point, precipitation event (rain or no rain), and lead time. However, the graph only applied to probabilistic river stage forecast and probabilistic flood forecast, but not to probabilistic stage transition forecast, which is specified by a family of conditional predictive one-step transition distributions. Herein, further mathematical analysis of the estimation algorithm shows that, with a small modification, the single graph can be applied to all three types of forecasts. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Herr, Henry D.] Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Krzysztofowicz, Roman] Univ Virginia, Dept Syst Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Krzysztofowicz, Roman] Univ Virginia, Dept Stat, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Herr, HD (reprint author), Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, Bldg SSMC II,1325 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM hank.herr@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [ATM - 0641572]
FX Work of H.D. Herr was supported by the National Weather Service Office
of Hydrologic Development in the form of work time and computing
resources. Work of R. Krzysztofowicz was supported by the National
Science Foundation under Grant No. ATM - 0641572, "New Statistical
Techniques for Probabilistic Weather Forecasting".
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD JUL 16
PY 2014
VL 515
BP 304
EP 306
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.04.065
PG 3
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AK7JZ
UT WOS:000338605900027
ER
PT J
AU Kemiktarak, U
Durand, M
Metcalfe, M
Lawall, J
AF Kemiktarak, Utku
Durand, Mathieu
Metcalfe, Michael
Lawall, John
TI Mode Competition and Anomalous Cooling in a Multimode Phonon Laser
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID COHERENT PHONONS; RUBY
AB We study mode competition in a multimode "phonon laser" comprised of an optical cavity employing a highly reflective membrane as the output coupler. Mechanical gain is provided by the intracavity radiation pressure, to which many mechanical modes are coupled. We calculate the gain and find that strong oscillation in one mode suppresses the gain in other modes. For sufficiently strong oscillation, the gain of the other modes actually switches sign and becomes damping, a process we call "anomalous cooling." We demonstrate that mode competition leads to single-mode operation and find excellent agreement with our theory, including anomalous cooling.
C1 [Kemiktarak, Utku; Metcalfe, Michael] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kemiktarak, Utku; Durand, Mathieu; Metcalfe, Michael; Lawall, John] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kemiktarak, U (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
FU National Science Foundation through the Physics Frontier Center at the
Joint Quantum Institute
FX We acknowledge useful discussions with Jake Taylor and support from the
National Science Foundation through the Physics Frontier Center at the
Joint Quantum Institute. Research was performed in part at the NIST
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology.
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 3
AR 030802
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.030802
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AO3TZ
UT WOS:000341260100002
PM 25083628
ER
PT J
AU Srivastava, PK
Han, DW
Rico-Ramirez, MA
Islam, T
AF Srivastava, Prashant K.
Han, Dawei
Rico-Ramirez, Miguel A.
Islam, Tanvir
TI Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of mesoscale model downscaled
hydro-meteorological variables for discharge prediction
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE evapotranspiration; precipitation; WRF-NOAH LSM; global datasets;
sensitivity analysis; uncertainty estimation; discharge prediction
ID WRF MODEL; FORECASTING APPLICATIONS; HYDROLOGICAL MODELS; GLUE
METHODOLOGY; WEATHER RESEARCH; WATER-BALANCE; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION;
RUNOFF; CALIBRATION; CONVECTION
AB Precipitation and Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) are the most important variables for rainfall-runoff modelling. However, it is not always possible to get access to them from ground-based measurements, particularly in ungauged catchments. This study explores the performance of rainfall and ETo data from the global European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA interim reanalysis data for the discharge prediction. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesoscale model coupled with the NOAH Land Surface Model is used for the retrieval of hydro-meteorological variables by downscaling ECMWF datasets. The conceptual Probability Distribution Model (PDM) is chosen for this study for the discharge prediction. The input data and model parameter sensitivity analysis and uncertainty estimations are taken into account for the PDM calibration and prediction in the case study catchment in England following the Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation approach. The goodness of calibration and prediction uncertainty is judged on the basis of the p-factor (observations bracketed by the prediction uncertainty) and the r-factor (achievement of small uncertainty band). The overall analysis suggests that the uncertainty estimates using WRF downscaled ETo have slightly smaller p and r values (p= 0.65; r= 0.58) as compared to ground-based observation datasets (p= 0.71; r= 0.65) during the validation and hence promising for discharge prediction. On the contrary, WRF precipitation has the worst performance, and further research is needed for its improvement (p= 0.04; r= 0.10). Copyright (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Srivastava, Prashant K.; Han, Dawei; Rico-Ramirez, Miguel A.; Islam, Tanvir] Univ Bristol, Dept Civil Engn, Water & Environm Management Res Ctr, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England.
[Islam, Tanvir] NOAA, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Srivastava, PK (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Dept Civil Engn, Water & Environm Management Res Ctr, Bristol BS8 1TR, Avon, England.
EM cepks@bristol.ac.uk
RI Rico-Ramirez, Miguel/H-3248-2014; Islam, Tanvir/F-6922-2011; Barley,
Kamal/F-9579-2011;
OI Rico-Ramirez, Miguel/0000-0002-8885-4582; Barley,
Kamal/0000-0003-1874-9813; Islam, Tanvir/0000-0003-2429-3074
FU Commonwealth Scholarship Commission; British Council, United Kingdom;
Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India
FX The authors would like to thank the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission,
British Council, United Kingdom and Ministry of Human Resource
Development, Government of India for providing the necessary support and
funding for this research. The authors would like to acknowledge the
British Atmospheric Data Centre, United Kingdom for providing the ground
datasets. The author also acknowledges the Advanced Computing Research
Centre at University of Bristol for providing the access to
supercomputer facility (The Blue Crystal) for R language support and
recent PUBS symposium for some useful information on uncertainty and
sensitivity analysis. Authors would like to thank hydro-community
Department of Geography and Civil Engineering, University of Bristol for
their useful and constructing comments over the work.
NR 77
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 20
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 15
BP 4419
EP 4432
DI 10.1002/hyp.9946
PG 14
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AM2YL
UT WOS:000339717500003
ER
PT J
AU Schwietzke, S
Griffin, WM
Matthews, HS
Bruhwiler, LMP
AF Schwietzke, Stefan
Griffin, W. Michael
Matthews, H. Scott
Bruhwiler, Lori M. P.
TI Natural Gas Fugitive Emissions Rates Constrained by Global Atmospheric
Methane and Ethane
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; SHALE GAS; MODEL; CYCLE; BUDGET; COAL; VARIABILITY;
FOOTPRINT; CHEMISTRY; HYDROXYL
AB The amount of methane emissions released by the natural gas (NG) industry is a critical and uncertain value for various industry and policy decisions, such as for determining the climate implications of using NG over coal. Previous studies have estimated fugitive emissions rates (FER) the fraction of produced NG (mainly methane and ethane) escaped to the atmosphere between 1 and 9%. Most of these studies rely on few and outdated measurements, and some may represent only temporal/regional NG industry snapshots. This study estimates NG industry representative PER using global atmospheric methane and ethane measurements over three decades, and literature ranges of (i) tracer gas atmospheric lifetimes, (ii) non-NG source estimates, and (iii) fossil fuel fugitive gas hydrocarbon compositions. The modeling suggests an upper bound global average FER of 5% during 2006-2011, and a most likely FER of 2-4% since 2000, trending downward. These results do not account for highly uncertain natural hydrocarbon seepage, which could lower the FER. Further emissions reductions by the NG industry may be needed to ensure climate benefits over coal during the next few decades.
C1 [Schwietzke, Stefan; Griffin, W. Michael; Matthews, H. Scott] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Engn & Publ Policy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Griffin, W. Michael] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Tepper Sch Business, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Matthews, H. Scott] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Schwietzke, Stefan; Bruhwiler, Lori M. P.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Schwietzke, S (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway GMD1, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM stefan.schwietzke@noaa.gov
RI Griffin, William/M-2943-2014;
OI Griffin, William/0000-0002-1709-4280; SCHWIETZKE,
STEFAN/0000-0002-1836-8968
FU ERM Foundation-North America Sustainability Fellowship; Climate and
Energy Decision Making (CEDM) center
FX We thank Ed J. Dlugokencky and John B. Miller for valuable comments and
discussions. The long-term ethane data are from the UC Irvine global
monitoring network
(http://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/otheratg/blake/blake.html). This research
was made possible through support from the Climate and Energy Decision
Making (CEDM) center. This Center has been created through a cooperative
agreement between the National Science Foundation (SES-0949710) and
Carnegie Mellon University. The ERM Foundation-North America
Sustainability Fellowship has provided additional funding.
NR 72
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 4
U2 50
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 14
BP 7714
EP 7722
DI 10.1021/es501204c
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AL6FH
UT WOS:000339227500007
PM 24945600
ER
PT J
AU Keller, JM
Balazs, GH
Nilsen, F
Rice, M
Work, TM
Jensen, BA
AF Keller, Jennifer M.
Balazs, George H.
Nilsen, Frances
Rice, Marc
Work, Thierry M.
Jensen, Brenda A.
TI Investigating the Potential Role of Persistent Organic Pollutants in
Hawaiian Green Sea Turtle Fibropapillomatosis
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN BLOOD-PLASMA; CHELONIA-MYDAS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; FLAME
RETARDANTS; CARETTA-CARETTA; PCB METABOLITES; SPATIAL TRENDS;
UNITED-STATES; WHOLE-BLOOD; ISLANDS
AB It has been hypothesized for decades that environmental pollutants may contribute to green sea turtle fibropapillomatosis (FP), possibly through immunosuppression leading to greater susceptibility to the herpesvirus, the putative causative agent of this tumor-forming disease. To address this question, we measured concentrations of 164 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and halogenated phenols in 53 Hawaiian green turtle (Chelonia mydas) plasma samples archived by the Biological and Environmental Monitoring and Archival of Sea Turtle Tissues (BEMAST) project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology Marine Environmental Specimen Bank. Four groups of turtles were examined: free-ranging turtles from Kiholo Bay (0% FP, Hawaii), Kailua Bay (low FP, 8%, Oahu), and Kapoho Bay (moderate FP, 38%, Hawaii) and severely tumored stranded turtles that required euthanasia (high FP, 100%, Main Hawaiian Islands). Four classes of POPs and seven halogenated phenols were detected in at least one of the turtles, and concentrations were low (often <200 pg/g wet mass). The presence of halogenated phenols in sea turtles is a novel discovery; their concentrations were higher than most man-made POPs, suggesting that the source of most of these compounds was likely natural (produced by the algal turtle diet) rather than metabolites of man-made POPs. None of the compounds measured increased in concentration with increasing prevalence of FP across the four groups of turtles, suggesting that these 164 compounds are not likely primary triggers for the onset of FP. However, the stranded, severely tumored, emaciated turtle group (n = 14) had the highest concentrations of POPs, which might suggest that mobilization of contaminants with lipids into the blood during late-stage weight loss could contribute to the progression of the disease. Taken together, these data suggest that POPs are not a major cofactor in causing the onset of FP.
C1 [Keller, Jennifer M.; Nilsen, Frances] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Balazs, George H.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Nilsen, Frances; Jensen, Brenda A.] Hawaii Pacific Univ, Coll Nat & Computat Sci, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Rice, Marc] Hawaii Preparatory Acad, Sea Turtle Res Program, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA.
[Work, Thierry M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu Field Stn, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
RP Keller, JM (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM jennifer.keller@noaa.gov
RI Work, Thierry/F-1550-2015
OI Work, Thierry/0000-0002-4426-9090
NR 61
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 5
U2 60
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 14
BP 7807
EP 7816
DI 10.1021/es5014054
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AL6FH
UT WOS:000339227500018
PM 24963745
ER
PT J
AU Yacovitch, TI
Herndon, SC
Roscioli, JR
Floerchinger, C
McGovern, RM
Agnese, M
Petron, G
Kofler, J
Sweeney, C
Karion, A
Conley, SA
Kort, EA
Nahle, L
Fischer, M
Hildebrandt, L
Koeth, J
McManus, JB
Nelson, DD
Zahniser, MS
Kolb, CE
AF Yacovitch, Tara I.
Herndon, Scott C.
Roscioli, Joseph R.
Floerchinger, Cody
McGovern, Ryan M.
Agnese, Michael
Petron, Gabrielle
Kofler, Jonathan
Sweeney, Colm
Karion, Anna
Conley, Stephen A.
Kort, Eric A.
Naehle, Lars
Fischer, Marc
Hildebrandt, Lars
Koeth, Johannes
McManus, J. Barry
Nelson, David D.
Zahniser, Mark S.
Kolb, Charles E.
TI Demonstration of an Ethane Spectrometer for Methane Source
Identification
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; TRACE-GAS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; EMISSIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS;
SPECTROSCOPY; SYSTEMS; URBAN
AB Methane is an important greenhouse gas and tropospheric ozone precursor. Simultaneous observation of ethane with methane can help identify specific methane source types. Aerodyne Ethane-Mini spectrometers, employing recently available mid-infrared distributed feedback tunable diode lasers (DFB-TDL), provide 1 s ethane measurements with sub-ppb precision. In this work, an Ethane-Mini spectrometer has been integrated into two mobile sampling platforms, a ground vehicle and a small airplane, and used to measure ethane/methane enhancement ratios downwind of methane sources. Methane emissions with precisely known sources are shown to have ethane/methane enhancement ratios that differ greatly depending on the source type. Large differences between biogenic and thermogenic sources are observed. Variation within thermogenic sources are detected and tabulated. Methane emitters are classified by their expected ethane content. Categories include the following: biogenic (<0.2%), dry gas (1-6%), wet gas (>6%), pipeline grade natural gas (<15%), and processed natural gas liquids (>30%). Regional scale observations in the Dallas/Fort Worth area of Texas show two distinct ethane/methane enhancement ratios bridged by a transitional region. These results demonstrate the usefulness of continuous and fast ethane measurements in experimental studies of methane emissions, particularly in the oil and natural gas sector.
C1 [Yacovitch, Tara I.; Herndon, Scott C.; Roscioli, Joseph R.; Floerchinger, Cody; McGovern, Ryan M.; Agnese, Michael; McManus, J. Barry; Nelson, David D.; Zahniser, Mark S.; Kolb, Charles E.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA.
[Petron, Gabrielle; Kofler, Jonathan; Sweeney, Colm; Karion, Anna] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Petron, Gabrielle; Kofler, Jonathan; Sweeney, Colm; Karion, Anna] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Conley, Stephen A.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Kort, Eric A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Naehle, Lars; Fischer, Marc; Hildebrandt, Lars; Koeth, Johannes] Nanoplus Nanosyst & Technol GmbH, D-97218 Gerbrunn, Germany.
RP Herndon, SC (reprint author), Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA.
EM herndon@aerodyne.com
RI Kort, Eric/F-9942-2012
OI Kort, Eric/0000-0003-4940-7541
NR 42
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 14
BP 8028
EP 8034
DI 10.1021/es501475q
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AL6FH
UT WOS:000339227500044
PM 24945706
ER
PT J
AU Vergara, A
Benkstein, KD
Montgomery, CB
Semancik, S
AF Vergara, Alexander
Benkstein, Kurt D.
Montgomery, Christopher B.
Semancik, Steve
TI Demonstration of Fast and Accurate Discrimination and Quantification of
Chemically Similar Species Utilizing a Single Cross-Selective
Chemiresistor
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS SENSORS; TEMPERATURE MODULATION; TRANSIENT-RESPONSE;
ELECTRONIC-NOSE; IDENTIFICATION; OPTIMIZATION; OLFACTION; MIXTURE;
SURFACE; MODE
AB Performance characteristics of gas-phase microsensors will determine the ultimate utility of these devices for a wide range of chemical monitoring applications. Commonly employed chemiresistor elements are quite sensitive to selected analytes, and relatively new methods have increased the selectivity to specific compounds, even in the presence of interfering species. Here, we have focused on determining whether purposefully driven temperature modulation can produce faster sensor-response characteristics, which could enable measurements for a broader range of applications involving dynamic compositional analysis. We investigated the response speed of a single chemiresitive In2O3 microhotplate sensor to four analytes (methanol, ethanol, acetone, 2-butanone) by systematically varying the oscillating frequency (semicycle periods of 20-120 ms) of a bilevel temperature cycle applied to the sensing element. It was determined that the fastest response (approximate to 9 s), as indicated by a 98% signal-change metric, occurred for a period of 30 ms and that responses under such modulation were dramatically faster than for isothermal operation of the same device (>300 s). Rapid modulation between 150 and 450 degrees C exerts kinetic control over transient processes, including adsorption, desorption, diffusion, and reaction phenomena, which are important for charge transfer occurring in transduction processes and the observed response times. We also demonstrate that the fastest operation is accompanied by excellent discrimination within a challenging 16-category recognition problem (consisting of the four analytes at four separate concentrations). This critical finding demonstrates that both speed and high discriminatory capabilities can be realized through temperature modulation.
C1 [Vergara, Alexander; Benkstein, Kurt D.; Montgomery, Christopher B.; Semancik, Steve] NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Vergara, Alexander] NICHHD, Lab Cellular & Synapt Neurophysiol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Semancik, S (reprint author), NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM stephen.semancik@nist.gov
FU National Research Council NIH-NIST; NIST; National Institute for
Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering of the NIH; Office of Naval
Research
FX This research was performed while A.V. held a National Research Council
NIH-NIST Postdoctoral Associateship Award with funding provided by NIST
and the Intramural Program of the National Institute for Biomedical
Imaging and Bioengineering of the NIH. We also acknowledge partial
funding of this work by the Office of Naval Research. We thank Dr. P.
Rogers for the precursor sensing materials and programming of the sensor
control/data acquisition software.
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 29
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 86
IS 14
BP 6753
EP 6757
DI 10.1021/ac501490k
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA AL6FG
UT WOS:000339227400004
PM 24931319
ER
PT J
AU You, R
Li, M
Guha, S
Mulholland, GW
Zachariah, MR
AF You, R.
Li, M.
Guha, S.
Mulholland, G. W.
Zachariah, M. R.
TI Bionanoparticles as Candidate Reference Materials for Mobility Analysis
of Nanoparticles
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID GLOBULAR-PROTEINS; ELECTROSPRAY; COMPLEXES; VIRUSES; SPECTROMETRY;
PARTICLES; STANDARDS; SIZE
AB We propose bionanoparticles as a candidate reference material for determining the mobility of nanoparticles over the range of 6 x 10(-8)-5 x 10(-6) m(2)v(-1)s(-1). Using an electrospray differential mobility analyzer (ES-DMA), we measured the empirical distribution of several bionanoparticles. All of them show monomodal distributions that are more than two times narrower than the currently used calibration particles for mobility larger than 6 x 10(-8) m(2)v(-1)s(-1) (diameters less than 60 nm). We also present a numerical method to calculate corrected distributions of bionanoparticles by separating the contribution of the diffusive transfer function. The corrected distribution is about 20% narrower than the empirical distributions. Even with the correction, the reduced width of the mobility distribution is about a factor of 2 larger than the diffusive transfer function. The additional broadening could result from the nonuniform conformation of bionanoparticles and from the presence of volatile impurities or solvent adducts. The mobilities of these investigated bionanoparticle are stable over a range of buffer concentration and molarity, with no evidence of temporal degradation over several weeks.
C1 [You, R.; Li, M.; Guha, S.; Mulholland, G. W.; Zachariah, M. R.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[You, R.; Li, M.; Guha, S.; Mulholland, G. W.; Zachariah, M. R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zachariah, MR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM mrz@umd.edu
RI Li, Mingdong/G-6957-2014;
OI Li, Mingdong/0000-0001-5890-7156; Guha, Suvajyoti/0000-0002-7622-2721
NR 24
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 86
IS 14
BP 6836
EP 6842
DI 10.1021/ac403503q
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA AL6FG
UT WOS:000339227400018
PM 25002080
ER
PT J
AU Ocko, IB
Ramaswamy, V
Ming, Y
AF Ocko, Ilissa B.
Ramaswamy, V.
Ming, Yi
TI Contrasting Climate Responses to the Scattering and Absorbing Features
of Anthropogenic Aerosol Forcings
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK CARBON AEROSOLS; GREENHOUSE-GAS; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; TROPICAL
OCEAN; COUPLED MODELS; DATA SET; CIRCULATION; ATMOSPHERE; 20TH-CENTURY;
SULFATE
AB Anthropogenic aerosols comprise optically scattering and absorbing particles, with the principal concentrations being in the Northern Hemisphere, yielding negative and positive global mean radiative forcings, respectively. Aerosols also influence cloud albedo, yielding additional negative radiative forcings. Climate responses to a comprehensive set of isolated aerosol forcing simulations are investigated in a coupled atmosphere ocean framework, forced by preindustrial to present-day aerosol-induced radiative perturbations. Atmospheric and oceanic climate responses (including precipitation, atmospheric circulation, atmospheric and oceanic heat transport, sea surface temperature, and salinity) to negative and positive particulate forcings are consistently anticorrelated. The striking effects include distinct patterns of changes north and south of the equator that are governed by the sign of the aerosol forcing and its initiation of an interhemispheric forcing asymmetry. The presence of opposing signs of the forcings between the aerosol scatterers and absorbers, and the resulting contrast in climate responses, thus dilutes the individual effects of aerosol types on influencing global and regional climate conditions. The aerosol-induced changes in the variables also have a distinct fingerprint when compared to the responses of the more globally uniform and interhemispherically symmetric well-mixed greenhouse gas forcing. The significance of employing a full ocean model is demonstrated in this study by the ability to partition how individual aerosols influence atmospheric and oceanic conditions separately.
C1 [Ocko, Ilissa B.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Ramaswamy, V.; Ming, Yi] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Ocko, IB (reprint author), Environm Def Fund, 257 Pk Ave South, New York, NY 10010 USA.
EM iocko@edf.org
RI Ming, Yi/F-3023-2012
FU National Science Foundation [DGE 0646086]
FX Ilissa B. Ocko was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate
Research Fellowship under Grant DGE 0646086. We thank Dan Schwarzkopf
and Geeta Persad for providing several forcing estimates, David Paynter
for suggestions and comments, Gabriel Vecchi for reading an earlier
draft of the manuscript, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful
comments.
NR 73
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 27
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 14
BP 5329
EP 5345
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00401.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AL4WJ
UT WOS:000339135200007
ER
PT J
AU Fukuyama, AK
Shigenaka, G
Coats, DA
AF Fukuyama, Allan K.
Shigenaka, Gary
Coats, Douglas A.
TI Status of intertidal infaunal communities following the Exxon Valdez oil
crossMark spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Parallelism; Convergence; Infauna; Leukoma (Protothaca) staminea;
Recolonization; Exxon Valdez
ID SHORELINE TREATMENTS; RECOVERY; ECOSYSTEM; IMPACT; BIOTA
AB Intertidal infaunal communities were sampled in Prince William Sound, Alaska from 1990-2000 to evaluate impacts and recovery from the Exxon Valdez oil spill. Initial findings suggested that the spill and cleanup depressed abundances of all taxonomic groups. By 1992, abundances of major taxonomic categories at disturbed sites had either converged or paralleled populations at Unoiled sites. Abundances of littleneck clams, Leukoma (Protothaca) staminea, slowly increased at Treated sites and converged with Unoiled sites by 2000. Infaunal population differences positively correlated with fine-grained sediments at Treated sites. We believe that sediment fines removal during cleanup, and subsequent slow natural replenishment, impeded the return of the environment to pre-spill conditions. This suggests physical recovery of spill-affected beaches is an important precursor to biological recovery. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fukuyama, Allan K.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fisheries Sci, Biol Resources Div, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit,US G, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Shigenaka, Gary] NOAA, Off Response & Restorat, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Coats, Douglas A.] Marine Res Specialists, Ventura, CA 93003 USA.
RP Fukuyama, AK (reprint author), F HT Environm Serv, 7019 157th St SW, Edmonds, WA 98026 USA.
EM akfukuyama@frontier.com
NR 55
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 59
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 84
IS 1-2
BP 56
EP 69
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.05.043
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AL0GF
UT WOS:000338804700020
PM 24923812
ER
PT J
AU Gardner, JPA
Bartz, RJ
Brainard, RE
Cohen, JD
Dunbar, RB
Garton, DW
Powell, S
AF Gardner, Jonathan P. A.
Bartz, R. John
Brainard, Russell E.
Cohen, John D.
Dunbar, Robert B.
Garton, David W.
Powell, Sam
TI Conservation management options and actions: Putative decline of coral
cover at Palmyra Atoll, Northern Line Islands, as a case study
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Palmyra Atoll; Temperature; Sediment; Turbidity; Coral decline;
Management options and actions
ID CENTRAL PACIFIC-OCEAN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STRESS-RESPONSE; PHOENIX ISLANDS;
REEFS; IMPACTS; MUSSELS
AB Localised loss of live coral cover at Palmyra Atoll (central Pacific Ocean) has been attributed to increased temperature and/or sedimentation arising from alterations made to the lagoon system. It has been hypothesised that a causeway spanning the lagoon hinders water circulation, resulting in warmer and/or more turbid water flowing towards a site of high coral cover and diversity (Coral Gardens). Analyses of a multi-site and multi-year data set revealed no differences in mean temperature or turbidity values on either side of the causeway and provided no evidence of significantly warmer or more turbid water at Coral Gardens. We conclude that the putative decline in live coral cover cannot be attributed to the presence of the causeway and that proposed management actions involving modification to the causeway cannot achieve the conservation outcomes suggested of them. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gardner, Jonathan P. A.; Cohen, John D.; Powell, Sam] Victoria Univ Wellington, Ctr Marine Environm & Econ Res, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
[Bartz, R. John; Dunbar, Robert B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Environm Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Brainard, Russell E.] NOAA, Coral Reef Ecosyst Div, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Garton, David W.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Gardner, JPA (reprint author), Victoria Univ Wellington, Ctr Marine Environm & Econ Res, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
EM jonathan.gardner@vuw.ac.nz
RI Gardner, Jonathan/M-3224-2016
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 84
IS 1-2
BP 182
EP 190
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.05.013
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AL0GF
UT WOS:000338804700034
PM 24889316
ER
PT J
AU Cabrera, I
Thompson, JD
Coldea, R
Prabhakaran, D
Bewley, RI
Guidi, T
Rodriguez-Rivera, JA
Stock, C
AF Cabrera, I.
Thompson, J. D.
Coldea, R.
Prabhakaran, D.
Bewley, R. I.
Guidi, T.
Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.
Stock, C.
TI Excitations in the quantum paramagnetic phase of the
quasi-one-dimensional Ising magnet CoNb2O6 in a transverse field:
Geometric frustration and quantum renormalization effects
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID MODEL
AB The quasi-one-dimensional (1D) Ising ferromagnet CoNb2O6 has recently been driven via applied transverse magnetic fields through a continuous quantum phase transition from spontaneous magnetic order to a quantum paramagnet, and dramatic changes were observed in the spin dynamics, characteristic of weakly perturbed 1D Ising quantum criticality. We report here extensive single-crystal inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the magnetic excitations throughout the three-dimensional (3D) Brillouin zone in the quantum paramagnetic phase just above the critical field to characterize the effects of the finite interchain couplings. In this phase, we observe that excitations have a sharp, resolution-limited line shape at low energies and over most of the dispersion bandwidth, as expected for spin-flip quasiparticles. We map the full bandwidth along the strongly dispersive chain direction and resolve clear modulations of the dispersions in the plane normal to the chains, characteristic of frustrated interchain couplings in an antiferromagnetic isosceles triangular lattice. The dispersions can be well parametrized using a linear spin-wave model that includes interchain couplings and further neighbor exchanges. The observed dispersion bandwidth along the chain direction is smaller than that predicted by a linear spin-wave model using exchange values determined at zero field, and this effect is attributed to quantum renormalization of the dispersion beyond the spin-wave approximation in fields slightly above the critical field, where quantum fluctuations are still significant.
C1 [Cabrera, I.; Thompson, J. D.; Coldea, R.; Prabhakaran, D.] Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
[Bewley, R. I.; Guidi, T.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.; Stock, C.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cabrera, I (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
RI Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose/A-4872-2013; Cabrera, Ivelisse/L-5999-2013;
OI Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose/0000-0002-8633-8314; Cabrera,
Ivelisse/0000-0002-0287-8437; Thompson, Jordan/0000-0003-2172-4545
FU EPSRC Grant [EP/H014934/1]; University of Oxford Clarendon Fund
Scholarshi; NSERC of Canada; National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]
FX We acknowledge very useful discussions with F. H. L. Essler and N. J.
Robinson. I. C. and R. C. acknowledge support from the EPSRC Grant No.
EP/H014934/1. J. D. T. was supported by the University of Oxford
Clarendon Fund Scholarship and NSERC of Canada. This work utilized
facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
Agreement No. DMR-0944772. We acknowledge STFC (UK) and the National
Institute of Standards and Technology, US Department of Commerce for
providing the neutron research facilities used in this work, and we
thank the technical staff at those facilities for cryogenics support. We
acknowledge collaboration with E. M. Wheeler on preliminary measurements
of magnetic excitations at lower applied magnetic fields at the
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin [19].
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 29
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 1
AR 014418
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.014418
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AL9EU
UT WOS:000339443700005
ER
PT J
AU de Souza, GF
Slater, RD
Dunne, JP
Sarmiento, JL
AF de Souza, Gregory F.
Slater, Richard D.
Dunne, John P.
Sarmiento, Jorge L.
TI Deconvolving the controls on the deep ocean's silicon stable isotope
distribution
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE silicon isotopes; marine silicon cycle; Southern Ocean; ocean
biogeochemical cycles; general circulation model
ID EASTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION;
SOUTHERN-OCEAN; NORTH PACIFIC; VERTICAL EXCHANGE; MARINE DIATOMS;
ATLANTIC-OCEAN; WATER MASSES; SI-ISOTOPES; FRACTIONATION
AB We trace the marine biogeochemical silicon (Si) cycle using the stable isotope composition of Si dissolved in seawater (expressed as delta Si-30). Open ocean delta Si-30 observations indicate a surprisingly strong influence of the physical circulation on the large-scale marine Si distribution. Here, we present an ocean general circulation model simulation that deconvolves the physical and biogeochemical controls on the delta Si-30 distribution in the deep oceanic interior. By parsing dissolved Si into its preformed and regenerated components, we separate the influence of deep water formation and circulation from the effects of biogeochemical cycling related to opal dissolution at depth. We show that the systematic meridional delta Si-30 gradient observed in the deep Atlantic Ocean is primarily determined by the preformed component of Si, whose distribution in the interior is controlled solely by the circulation. We also demonstrate that the delta Si-30 value of the regenerated component of Si in the global deep ocean is dominantly set by oceanic regions where opal export fluxes to the deep ocean are large, i.e. primarily in the Southern Ocean's opal belt. The global importance of this regionally dynamic Si cycling helps explain the observed strong physical control on the oceanic delta Si-30 distribution, since most of the regenerated Si present within the deep Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Oceans is in fact transported into these basins by deep waters flowing northward from the Southern Ocean. Our results thus provide a mechanistic explanation for the observed delta Si-30 distribution that emphasizes the dominant importance of the Southern Ocean in the marine Si cycle. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [de Souza, Gregory F.; Slater, Richard D.; Sarmiento, Jorge L.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Dunne, John P.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP de Souza, GF (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 300 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM gfds@princeton.edu
RI Dunne, John/F-8086-2012;
OI Dunne, John/0000-0002-8794-0489; de Souza, Gregory/0000-0002-0232-2690
FU Swiss National Science Foundation [PBEZP2-140169]; NOAA [NA11OAR4310066]
FX Fruitful discussions with Irina Marinov, Mark Brzezinski, Ben Reynolds
and Robbie Toggweiler are gratefully acknowledged. Feedback from Florian
Wetzel helped considerably improve an earlier version of this
manuscript. The authors thank the observational delta30Si
community for generously sharing data, Damien Cardinal and an anonymous
reviewer for their constructive reviews, and Gideon Henderson for
editorial handling. This work was supported by Swiss National Science
Foundation postdoctoral fellowship PBEZP2-140169 granted to GFDS, and
NOAA grant NA11OAR4310066 to JLS.
NR 73
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 398
BP 66
EP 76
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.04.040
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AJ7IM
UT WOS:000337870400007
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, TB
Kochendorfer, J
Meyers, TP
Heuer, M
Sloop, K
Miller, J
AF Wilson, T. B.
Kochendorfer, J.
Meyers, T. P.
Heuer, M.
Sloop, K.
Miller, J.
TI Leaf litter water content and soil surface CO2 fluxes in a deciduous
forest
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Forest leaf litter; Litter wetness; Soil water content; Soil and litter
carbon dioxide flux
ID CHOPPED CORN RESIDUE; ENERGY-BALANCE; CARBON; FLOOR; DECOMPOSITION;
MODEL; HEAT; TRANSPORT; MOISTURE; BUDGET
AB This study has examined the ability of a commercial, miniature soil moisture probe to measure water content within the leaf litter layer found on the floor below a deciduous forest site in Oak Ridge, eastern Tennessee. With its small size and high moisture sensitivity, this probe provides a potential opportunity for monitoring the water content beneath complex vegetation systems within the soil-air interface normally characterized by a large spatial variability and small magnitude of energy, water and carbon fluxes. With its low-cost and low-power, many of these probes can be easily deployed at a much lower cost than the single traditional soil moisture probe that is usually used for monitoring local-site soil moisture and is unsuitable for litter wetness. Miniature probe measurements of litter moisture were compared with gravimetric measurements from litter sample baskets positioned across the forest floor and the change in the magnitude of the probe output correlated linearly to the water content of the litter. Gravimetric measurements of the litter water content ranged from 1 to 3 g (H2O) g(-1) (litter dry weight), and hourly values varied with precipitation, radiation, and wind speed. Measurements of the litter and soil water content were incorporated into empirical models adopted from the literature for estimating the litter and soil components of the CO2 flux. The comparison between the modeled and the measured hourly CO2 flux on the forest floor produced root means square differences (RMSD) of about 1.11 and 1.32 umol m(-2) S-1 for estimates with and without litter layer, respectively, and about 25% of the forest floor CO2 flux was due to direct contributions from the litter layer. The results of the study indicate that the probes performed well in a complex forest environment and can be used to help evaluate the water, energy and CO2 fluxes on the soil surface inside a variety of vegetation stands. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Wilson, T. B.; Kochendorfer, J.; Meyers, T. P.; Heuer, M.; Sloop, K.] NOAA, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Wilson, T. B.; Kochendorfer, J.; Meyers, T. P.; Heuer, M.; Sloop, K.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Miller, J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Wilson, TB (reprint author), NOAA, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, POB 2456, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM tim.wilson@noaa.gov
RI Kochendorfer, John/K-2680-2012; Meyers, Tilden/C-6633-2016; Wilson,
Timothy/C-9863-2016
OI Kochendorfer, John/0000-0001-8436-2460; Wilson,
Timothy/0000-0003-1785-5323
FU NOAA OAR/ARL Climate Research Program
FX This work was funded by the NOAA OAR/ARL Climate Research Program.
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
EI 1873-2240
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD JUL 15
PY 2014
VL 192
BP 42
EP 50
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.02.005
PG 9
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AH0JX
UT WOS:000335806300006
ER
PT J
AU Pearlman, A
Datla, R
Kacker, R
Cao, CY
AF Pearlman, Aaron
Datla, Raju
Kacker, Raghu
Cao, Changyong
TI Translating Radiometric Requirements for Satellite Sensors to Match
International Standards
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE error analysis; GOES-R Advanced Baseline Imager; Guide to the Expression
of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM); ISO standards; satellite sensor
uncertainty requirements
AB International scientific standards organizations created standards on evaluating uncertainty in the early 1990s. Although scientists from many fields use these standards, they are not consistently implemented in the remote sensing community, where traditional error analysis framework persists. For a satellite instrument under development, this can create confusion in showing whether requirements are met. We aim to create a methodology for translating requirements from the error analysis framework to the modern uncertainty approach using the product level requirements of the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) that will fly on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite R-Series (GOES-R). In this paper we prescribe a method to combine several measurement performance requirements, written using a traditional error analysis framework, into a single specification using the propagation of uncertainties formula. By using this approach, scientists can communicate requirements in a consistent uncertainty framework leading to uniform interpretation throughout the development and operation of any satellite instrument.
C1 [Pearlman, Aaron; Datla, Raju] Earth Resources Technol Inc, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Kacker, Raghu] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pearlman, Aaron; Datla, Raju; Cao, Changyong] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD 20737 USA.
RP Pearlman, A (reprint author), Earth Resources Technol Inc, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM aaron.pearlman@noaa.gov; raju.datla@noaa.gov; raghu.kacker@nist.gov;
changyong.cao@noaa.gov
RI Cao, Changyong/F-5578-2010; Pearlman, Aaron/L-8912-2013
OI Pearlman, Aaron/0000-0002-4498-2208
FU GOES-R
FX This work is partially funded by GOES-R. The manuscript contents are
solely the opinions of the authors and do not constitute a statement of
policy, decision, or position on behalf of NOAA, NIST, or the U.S.
government.
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD JUL 14
PY 2014
VL 119
BP 272
EP 276
DI 10.6028/jres.119.010
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AP4RS
UT WOS:000342066600001
PM 26601032
ER
PT J
AU Desrosiers, MF
AF Desrosiers, Marc F.
TI Post-Irradiation Study of the Alanine Dosimeter
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE alanine; dosimetry; electron paramagnetic resonance; gamma radiation;
stability; time
ID EPR; SYSTEM; RADICALS; ADVANCEMENTS; DEPENDENCE; ACCURACY; HUMIDITY;
PROBES; SIGNAL
AB Post-irradiation stability of high-dose dosimeters has traditionally been an important measurement influence quantity. Though the exceptional stability of the alanine dosimeter response with time has rendered this factor a non-issue for routine work, the archival quality of the alanine dosimeter has not been characterized. Here the alanine pellet dosimeter response is measured up to seven years post-irradiation for a range of absorbed doses. This long-term study is accompanied by an examination of the environmental influence quantities (e.g., ambient light) on the relatively short-term (3-4 month) stability of both pellet and film commercial dosimeters. Both dosimeter types demonstrated exceptional stability in the short term and proved to be relatively insensitive to common influence quantities. The long-term data revealed a complex dose-dependent response trend.
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Desrosiers, MF (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM marc.desrosiers@nist.gov
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 3
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD JUL 14
PY 2014
VL 119
BP 277
EP 295
DI 10.6028/jres.119.011
PG 19
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AP4RS
UT WOS:000342066600002
PM 26601033
ER
PT J
AU Gordon, JA
Holloway, CL
Schwarzkopf, A
Anderson, DA
Miller, S
Thaicharoen, N
Raithel, G
AF Gordon, Joshua A.
Holloway, Christopher L.
Schwarzkopf, Andrew
Anderson, Dave A.
Miller, Stephanie
Thaicharoen, Nithiwadee
Raithel, Georg
TI Millimeter wave detection via Autler-Townes splitting in rubidium
Rydberg atoms
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY-INDUCED-TRANSPARENCY; SYSTEMS
AB In this paper, we demonstrate the detection of millimeter waves via Autler-Townes splitting in Rb-85 Rydberg atoms. This method may provide an independent, atom-based, SI-traceable method for measuring mm-wave electric fields, which addresses a gap in current calibration techniques in the mm-wave regime. The electric-field amplitude within a rubidium vapor cell in the WR-10 wave guide band is measured for frequencies of 93.71 GHz and 104.77 GHz. Relevant aspects of Autler-Townes splitting originating from a four-level electromagnetically induced transparency scheme are discussed. We measured the E-field generated by an open-ended waveguide using this technique. Experimental results are compared to a full-wave finite element simulation. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Gordon, Joshua A.; Holloway, Christopher L.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, US Dept Commerce, Boulder Labs, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Schwarzkopf, Andrew; Anderson, Dave A.; Miller, Stephanie; Thaicharoen, Nithiwadee; Raithel, Georg] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Gordon, JA (reprint author), NIST, Electromagnet Div, US Dept Commerce, Boulder Labs, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM josh.gordon@nist.gov
FU DARPA's QuASAR program
FX This work was partially supported by DARPA's QuASAR program. Publication
of the U.S. government, not subject to U.S. copyright.
NR 21
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 14
PY 2014
VL 105
IS 2
AR 024104
DI 10.1063/1.4890094
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AO2KU
UT WOS:000341151400092
ER
PT J
AU Verma, VB
Lita, AE
Vissers, MR
Marsili, F
Pappas, DP
Mirin, RP
Nam, SW
AF Verma, V. B.
Lita, A. E.
Vissers, M. R.
Marsili, F.
Pappas, D. P.
Mirin, R. P.
Nam, S. W.
TI Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors fabricated from an
amorphous Mo0.75Ge0.25 thin film
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EFFICIENCY; WAVELENGTH; MGB2; NM
AB We present the characteristics of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) fabricated from amorphous Mo0.75Ge0.25 thin-films. Fabricated devices show a saturation of the internal detection efficiency at temperatures below 1 K, with system dark count rates below 500 cps. Operation in a closed-cycle cryocooler at 2.5 K is possible with system detection efficiencies exceeding 20% for SNSPDs which have not been optimized for high detection efficiency. Jitter is observed to vary between 69 ps at 250 mK and 187 ps at 2.5 K using room temperature amplifiers.
C1 [Verma, V. B.; Lita, A. E.; Vissers, M. R.; Marsili, F.; Pappas, D. P.; Mirin, R. P.; Nam, S. W.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Verma, VB (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
OI Mirin, Richard/0000-0002-4472-4655
FU DARPA Quiness program
FX This work was supported by the DARPA Quiness program.
NR 37
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 21
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 14
PY 2014
VL 105
IS 2
AR 022602
DI 10.1063/1.4890277
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AO2KU
UT WOS:000341151400050
ER
PT J
AU Lin, J
Walsh, L
Hughes, G
Woicik, JC
Povey, IM
O'Regan, TP
Hurley, PK
AF Lin, Jun
Walsh, Lee
Hughes, Greg
Woicik, Joseph C.
Povey, Ian M.
O'Regan, Terrance P.
Hurley, Paul K.
TI A combined capacitance-voltage and hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
characterisation of metal/Al2O3/In0.53Ga0.47As capacitor structures
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES
AB Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) characterization and hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) measurements have been used to study metal/Al2O3/In0.53Ga0.47As capacitor structures with high (Ni) and low (Al) work function metals. The HAXPES measurements observe a band bending occurring prior to metal deposition, which is attributed to a combination of fixed oxide charges and interface states of donor-type. Following metal deposition, the Fermi level positions at the Al2O3/In0.53Ga0.47As interface move towards the expected direction as observed from HAXPES measurements. The In0.53Ga0.47As surface Fermi level positions determined from both the C-V analysis at zero gate bias and HAXPES measurements are in reasonable agreement. The results are consistent with the presence of electrically active interface states at the Al2O3/In0.53Ga0.47As interface and suggest an interface state density increasing towards the In0.53Ga0.47As valence band edge. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Lin, Jun; Povey, Ian M.; Hurley, Paul K.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Tyndall Natl Inst, Cork, Ireland.
[Walsh, Lee; Hughes, Greg] Dublin City Univ, Sch Phys Sci, Dublin 9, Ireland.
[Woicik, Joseph C.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[O'Regan, Terrance P.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
RP Lin, J (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Tyndall Natl Inst, Cork, Ireland.
RI Povey, Ian/C-6439-2009;
OI Povey, Ian/0000-0002-7877-6664; Hughes, Greg/0000-0003-1310-8961;
Hughes, Gregory/0000-0002-1358-9032
FU Science Foundation Ireland through INVENT Project [SFI/09/IN.1/I2633];
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The authors from Tyndall National Institute and Dublin City University
acknowledge Science Foundation Ireland for financial support of the
research work through the INVENT Project (SFI/09/IN.1/I2633). The
central fabrication facility at Tyndall is acknowledged for the
fabrication of the experimental samples used in this work. Ian Povey
from Tyndall is acknowledged for the ALD growth of the
Al2O3 layers. Dan O'Connell from Tyndall is
acknowledged for the metallisation. Patrick Carolan from Tyndall is
acknowledged for the TEM analysis. Access to the X24A HAXPES beamline at
Brookhaven National Laboratory was obtained through a General User
Proposal. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven
National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 14
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 2
AR 024104
DI 10.1063/1.4887517
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AN0II
UT WOS:000340267600054
ER
PT J
AU Vollebregt, S
Banerjee, S
Chiaramonti, AN
Tichelaar, FD
Beenakker, K
Ishihara, R
AF Vollebregt, Sten
Banerjee, Sourish
Chiaramonti, Ann N.
Tichelaar, Frans D.
Beenakker, Kees
Ishihara, Ryoichi
TI Dominant thermal boundary resistance in multi-walled carbon nanotube
bundles fabricated at low temperature
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; INTERFACE MATERIALS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY;
CONTACT RESISTANCE; CONDUCTIVITY; GROWTH; GRAPHITE; ARRAYS; FILMS
AB While carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been suggested as thermal management material for integrated circuits, the thermal properties, and, especially, the thermal boundary resistance (TBR) of as-grown CNT fabricated at low temperature have hardly been investigated. Here, the thermal resistance of CNT vias, with different bundle lengths and diameters fabricated at 500 degrees C using chemical vapour deposition, are investigated using the 3 omega-method. It was found that the thermal resistance hardly changes with length except for the smallest bundle diameter of 2 mu m, indicating that the TBR (10(9)-10(10) K/W per tube) dominates the thermal conduction. This is in contrast to the electrical resistance and temperature coefficient of resistance, both of which clearly increase with length. From the slope of the thermal resistance versus length of the 2 mu m wide bundles, the thermal conductivity of the CNT was estimated to be 1.4-2.8 W/mK. This low thermal conductivity is attributed to the low quality of the samples as determined by Raman spectroscopy. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Vollebregt, Sten; Banerjee, Sourish; Beenakker, Kees; Ishihara, Ryoichi] Delft Univ Technol, Delft Inst Microsyst & Nanoelect, Fac Elect Engn Math & Comp Sci, NL-2628 CT Delft, Netherlands.
[Chiaramonti, Ann N.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Tichelaar, Frans D.] Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, Natl Ctr High Resolut Electron Microscopy, Fac Appl Phys, NL-2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands.
RP Vollebregt, S (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Delft Inst Microsyst & Nanoelect, Fac Elect Engn Math & Comp Sci, Feldmannweg 17, NL-2628 CT Delft, Netherlands.
EM s.vollebregt@tudelft.nl
RI Vollebregt, Sten/P-3073-2014
OI Vollebregt, Sten/0000-0001-6012-6180
FU Public Authority in France; Public Authority in Germany; Public
Authority in Hungary; Public Authority in The Netherlands; Public
Authority in Norway; Public Authority in Sweden; ENIAC
FX Part of the work has been performed in the project JEMSiP_3D, which is
funded by the Public Authorities in France, Germany, Hungary, The
Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden, as well as by the ENIAC Joint
Undertaking. Partial contribution of NIST, an agency of the US
government; not subject to copyright in the United States.
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 14
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 2
AR 023514
DI 10.1063/1.4889820
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AN0II
UT WOS:000340267600026
ER
PT J
AU Whittaker, JD
da Silva, FCS
Allman, MS
Lecocq, F
Cicak, K
Sirois, AJ
Teufel, JD
Aumentado, J
Simmonds, RW
AF Whittaker, J. D.
da Silva, F. C. S.
Allman, M. S.
Lecocq, F.
Cicak, K.
Sirois, A. J.
Teufel, J. D.
Aumentado, J.
Simmonds, R. W.
TI Tunable-cavity QED with phase qubits
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERCONDUCTING CIRCUITS; JOSEPHSON-JUNCTION; QUANTUM PROCESSOR; STATE
AB We describe a tunable-cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) architecture with an rf SQUID phase qubit inductively coupled to a single-mode, resonant cavity with a tunable frequency that allows for both microwave readout of tunneling and dispersive measurements of the qubit. Dispersive measurement is well characterized by a three-level model, strongly dependent on qubit anharmonicity, qubit-cavity coupling, and detuning. A tunable-cavity frequency provides a way to strongly vary both the qubit-cavity detuning and coupling strength, which can reduce Purcell losses, cavity-induced dephasing of the qubit, and residual bus coupling for a system with multiple qubits. With our qubit-cavity system, we show that dynamic control over the cavity frequency enables one to avoid Purcell losses during coherent qubit evolutions and optimize state readout during qubit measurements. The maximum qubit decay time T-1 = 1.5 mu s is found to be limited by surface dielectric losses from a design geometry similar to planar transmon qubits.
C1 [Whittaker, J. D.; da Silva, F. C. S.; Allman, M. S.; Lecocq, F.; Cicak, K.; Sirois, A. J.; Teufel, J. D.; Aumentado, J.; Simmonds, R. W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Simmonds, RW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway St, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM simmonds@boulder.nist.gov
RI Lecocq, Florent/A-9613-2015; Aumentado, Jose/C-2231-2009; Teufel,
John/A-8898-2010;
OI Lecocq, Florent/0000-0002-3950-0024; Aumentado,
Jose/0000-0001-5581-1466; Teufel, John/0000-0002-1873-9941; Whittaker,
Jed/0000-0002-0456-3244
FU NSA [EAO140639]; NIST Quantum Information Program
FX We thank M. Castellanos-Beltran, M. Defeo, and D. Slichter for comments
on the manuscript. This work was supported by NSA under Contract No.
EAO140639, and the NIST Quantum Information Program. This article is a
contribution by NIST and not subject to US copyright.
NR 64
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 20
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 14
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 2
AR 024513
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.024513
PG 15
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AL9EZ
UT WOS:000339444300006
ER
PT J
AU Majkut, JD
Carter, BR
Frolicher, TL
Dufour, CO
Rodgers, KB
Sarmiento, JL
AF Majkut, Joseph D.
Carter, Brendan R.
Froelicher, Thomas L.
Dufour, Carolina O.
Rodgers, Keith B.
Sarmiento, Jorge L.
TI An observing system simulation for Southern Ocean carbon dioxide uptake
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL
AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon; Southern Ocean; observational system simulation experiment
ID ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; PROFILING FLOATS; SURFACE WATERS; INDIAN-OCEAN;
GLOBAL OCEAN; TRENDS; SINK; REANALYSIS; NUTRIENTS; PROJECT
AB The Southern Ocean is critically important to the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2. Up to half of the excess CO2 currently in the ocean entered through the Southern Ocean. That uptake helps to maintain the global carbon balance and buffers transient climate change from fossil fuel emissions. However, the future evolution of the uptake is uncertain, because our understanding of the dynamics that govern the Southern Ocean CO2 uptake is incomplete. Sparse observations and incomplete model formulations limit our ability to constrain the monthly and annual uptake, interannual variability and long-term trends. Float-based sampling of ocean biogeochemistry provides an opportunity for transforming our understanding of the Southern Ocean CO2 flux. In this work, we review current estimates of the CO2 uptake in the Southern Ocean and projections of its response to climate change. We then show, via an observational system simulation experiment, that float-based sampling provides a significant opportunity for measuring the mean fluxes and monitoring the mean uptake over decadal scales.
C1 [Majkut, Joseph D.; Carter, Brendan R.; Dufour, Carolina O.; Rodgers, Keith B.; Sarmiento, Jorge L.] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Froelicher, Thomas L.] ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Majkut, JD (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM jmajkut@princeton.edu
RI Frolicher, Thomas/E-5137-2015;
OI Frolicher, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7854; Carter,
Brendan/0000-0003-2445-0711
FU NSF [ANT-1040957]; US Department of Energy [DE-SC0006848]; SNSF
[PZ00P2-142573]
FX B.R.C. was supported by NSF grant no. ANT-1040957. C.O.D. was supported
by the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-SC0006848. T. L. F.
acknowledges support from the SNSF (Ambizione grant no. PZ00P2-142573).
NR 56
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 33
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
EI 1471-2962
J9 PHILOS T R SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD JUL 13
PY 2014
VL 372
IS 2019
AR 20130046
DI 10.1098/rsta.2013.0046
PG 17
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AJ0SS
UT WOS:000337366900003
PM 24891388
ER
PT J
AU Lu, XY
Tam, DW
Zhang, CL
Luo, HQ
Wang, M
Zhang, R
Harriger, LW
Keller, T
Keimer, B
Regnault, LP
Maier, TA
Dai, PC
AF Lu, Xingye
Tam, David W.
Zhang, Chenglin
Luo, Huiqian
Wang, Meng
Zhang, Rui
Harriger, Leland W.
Keller, T.
Keimer, B.
Regnault, L. -P.
Maier, Thomas A.
Dai, Pengcheng
TI Short-range cluster spin glass near optimal superconductivity in
BaFe2-xNixAs2
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; MAGNETISM; FEAS
AB High-temperature superconductivity in iron pnictides occurs when electrons are doped into their antiferromagnetic (AF) parent compounds. In addition to inducing superconductivity, electron doping also changes the static commensurate AF order in the undoped parent compounds into short-range incommensurate AF order near optimal superconductivity. Here we use neutron scattering to demonstrate that the incommensurate AF order in BaFe2-xNixAs2 is not a spin-density wave arising from the itinerant electrons in nested Fermi surfaces, but is consistent with a cluster spin glass in the matrix of the superconducting phase. Therefore, optimal superconductivity in iron pnictides coexists and competes with a mesoscopically separated cluster spin glass phase, much different from the homogeneous coexisting AF and superconducting phases in the underdoped regime.
C1 [Lu, Xingye; Luo, Huiqian; Wang, Meng; Zhang, Rui; Dai, Pengcheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Tam, David W.; Zhang, Chenglin; Dai, Pengcheng] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Harriger, Leland W.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Keller, T.; Keimer, B.] Max Planck Inst Festkorperforsch, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
[Keller, T.] Forsch Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier Leibnitz MLZ, Max Planck Soc Outstn, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
[Regnault, L. -P.] UMR E CEA UJF Grenoble 1, INAC, SPSMS MDN, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
[Maier, Thomas A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Maier, Thomas A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Lu, XY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
EM pdai@rice.edu
RI Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012; WANG, MENG/E-6595-2012; Maier,
Thomas/F-6759-2012
OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170; WANG, MENG/0000-0002-8232-2331;
Maier, Thomas/0000-0002-1424-9996
FU MOST [2012CB821400, 2011CBA00110]; NSFC [11374011, 91221303]; NPL, CAEP
[2013DB03]; US (Rice University) [NSF-DMR-1308603]; US (Oak Ridge
National Laboratory) [NSF-DMR-1308603]; Robert A. Welch Foundation at
Rice University [C-1839]
FX The work at IOP, CAS is supported by MOST (973 Projects No. 2012CB821400
and No. 2011CBA00110) and NSFC (Projects No. 11374011 and No. 91221303).
X. L. and H. L. acknowledge Project No. 2013DB03 supported by NPL, CAEP.
We also acknowledge support from the US NSF-DMR-1308603 (Rice University
and Oak Ridge National Laboratory) and the Robert A. Welch Foundation
Grant No. C-1839 at Rice University.
NR 45
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 11
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 2
AR 024509
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.024509
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA AO9FA
UT WOS:000341660100003
ER
PT J
AU Ruffoni, MP
Den Hartog, EA
Lawler, JE
Brewer, NR
Lind, K
Nave, G
Pickering, JC
AF Ruffoni, M. P.
Den Hartog, E. A.
Lawler, J. E.
Brewer, N. R.
Lind, K.
Nave, G.
Pickering, J. C.
TI Fe i oscillator strengths for the Gaia-ESO survey
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data; line: profiles; methods: laboratory; techniques:
spectroscopic
ID ATOMIC TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; LATE-TYPE STARS; CRITICAL COMPILATION;
VACUUM-ULTRAVIOLET; MODEL ATMOSPHERES; SPECTROMETER; PERFORMANCE;
LIFETIMES; ENERGIES; SPECTRA
AB The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey (GES) is conducting a large-scale study of multi-element chemical abundances of some 100 000 stars in the Milky Way with the ultimate aim of quantifying the formation history and evolution of young, mature and ancient Galactic populations. However, in preparing for the analysis of GES spectra, it has been noted that atomic oscillator strengths of important Fe i lines required to correctly model stellar line intensities are missing from the atomic data base. Here, we present new experimental oscillator strengths derived from branching fractions and level lifetimes, for 142 transitions of Fe i between 3526 and 10 864 , of which at least 38 are urgently needed by GES. We also assess the impact of these new data on solar spectral synthesis and demonstrate that for 36 lines that appear unblended in the Sun, Fe abundance measurements yield a small line-by-line scatter (0.08 dex) with a mean abundance of 7.44 dex in good agreement with recent publications.
C1 [Ruffoni, M. P.; Pickering, J. C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England.
[Den Hartog, E. A.; Lawler, J. E.; Brewer, N. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Lind, K.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
[Nave, G.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ruffoni, MP (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2BW, England.
EM m.ruffoni@imperial.ac.uk
FU UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); European Science
Foundation (ESF) under GREAT/ESF [5435]; US National Science Foundation
(NSF) [AST-0907732, AST-121105]; European Union through European
Research Council (ERC) [320360]
FX MPR and JCP would like to thank the UK Science and Technology Facilities
Council (STFC) for supporting this research and the European Science
Foundation (ESF), under GREAT/ESF grant number 5435, for funding
international travel to discuss research plans with the wider GES team.
EDH and JEL acknowledge the support of the US National Science
Foundation (NSF) for funding the LIF lifetime measurements under grants
AST-0907732 and AST-121105. KL acknowledges support by the European
Union FP7 programme through European Research Council (ERC) grant number
320360.
NR 33
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 13
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JUL 11
PY 2014
VL 441
IS 4
BP 3127
EP 3136
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu780
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AK9RP
UT WOS:000338764700024
ER
PT J
AU Vincent, FH
Paumard, T
Perrin, G
Varniere, P
Casse, F
Eisenhauer, F
Gillessen, S
Armitage, PJ
AF Vincent, F. H.
Paumard, T.
Perrin, G.
Varniere, P.
Casse, F.
Eisenhauer, F.
Gillessen, S.
Armitage, P. J.
TI Distinguishing an ejected blob from alternative flare models at the
Galactic Centre with GRAVITY
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE black hole physics; instrumentation: interferometers; astrometry;
Galaxy: centre
ID SAGITTARIUS-A-ASTERISK; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; ROSSBY-WAVE
INSTABILITY; NEAR-INFRARED FLARES; X-RAY FLARE; SGR-A; ACCRETION DISKS;
MHD SIMULATIONS; STELLAR ORBITS; EMISSION
AB The black hole at the Galactic Centre exhibits regularly flares of radiation, the origin of which is still not understood. In this paper, we study the ability of the near-future GRAVITY infrared instrument to constrain the nature of these events. We develop realistic simulations of GRAVITY astrometric data sets for various flare models. We show that the instrument will be able to distinguish an ejected blob from alternative flare models, provided the blob inclination is a parts per thousand(3)45A degrees, the flare brightest magnitude is 14 a parts per thousand(2) m(K) a parts per thousand(2) 15 and the flare duration is a parts per thousand(3)1 h 30 min.
C1 [Vincent, F. H.] Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
[Paumard, T.; Perrin, G.] Univ Paris Diderot, UPMC, CNRS UMR 8109, LESIA Observ Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France.
[Varniere, P.; Casse, F.] Univ Paris Diderot, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
[Eisenhauer, F.; Gillessen, S.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Armitage, P. J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Armitage, P. J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Armitage, P. J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Vincent, FH (reprint author), Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
EM frederic.vincent@obspm.fr
FU French Programme National des Hautes Energies (PNHE); UnivEarthS Labex
program at Sorbonne Paris Cite [ANR-10-LABX-0023, ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02]
FX FHV and PV acknowledge financial support from the French Programme
National des Hautes Energies (PNHE). PV and FC acknowledge financial
support from the UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cite
(ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02). Computing was partly done
using the Division Informatique de l'Observatoire (DIO) HPC facilities
from Observatoire de Paris (http://dio.obspm.fr/Calcul/). Calculations
were partially performed at the Francois Arago Centre (FACe) in Paris.
NR 46
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JUL 11
PY 2014
VL 441
IS 4
BP 3477
EP 3487
DI 10.1093/mnras/stu812
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AK9RP
UT WOS:000338764700046
ER
PT J
AU Wang, QD
Griesmann, U
Soons, JA
AF Wang, Quandou
Griesmann, Ulf
Soons, Johannes A.
TI Holographic radius test plates for spherical surfaces with large radius
of curvature
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ZONE-PLATE; INTERFEROMETRY
AB We describe a novel interferometric method, based on nested Fresnel zone lenses or photon sieves, for testing and measuring the radius of curvature of precision spherical surfaces that have radii in a range between several meters and a few hundred meters. We illustrate the measurement concept with radius measurements of a spherical mirror with a radius of about 10 m. The measured radius is 9877 mm +/- 10 mm for a coverage factor k = 2. Our measurements also demonstrate, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the utility of photon sieves for precision surface metrology because they diffuse higher diffraction orders of computer generated holograms, which reduces coherent noise.
C1 [Wang, Quandou; Griesmann, Ulf; Soons, Johannes A.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Griesmann, U (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ulf.griesmann@nist.gov
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD JUL 10
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 20
BP 4532
EP 4538
DI 10.1364/AO.53.004532
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA AL5JY
UT WOS:000339171100022
PM 25090075
ER
PT J
AU Sheen, DA
Manion, JA
AF Sheen, David A.
Manion, Jeffrey A.
TI Kinetics of the Reactions of H and CH3 Radicals with n-Butane: An
Experimental Design Study Using Reaction Network Analysis
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID BAYESIAN EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN; ATOM ATTACK; GAS-PHASE; OPTIMIZATION;
MODEL; COMBUSTION; UNCERTAINTY; COEFFICIENT; PROPAGATION; OXIDATION
AB The oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels proceeds through the attack of small radicals such as H and CH3 on large molecules. These radicals abstract H atoms from the large molecules, which then usually proceed by beta-scission to form C2H4 and C3H6. Quantifying these rates is critical to the development of chemical models for the oxidation of hydrocarbons. Study of this reaction system is confounded by the rapid dissociation of the intermediate radicals, which produces both additional H and additional CH3, making it difficult to separate the behavior of the two radical species under many conditions. In this work, we propose an experimental design algorithm, experimental design through differential information (EDDI), that we apply to measuring H and CH3 attack rates on n-butane using a single-pulse shock tube. This design algorithm is based on the method of uncertainty minimization using polynomial chaos expansions (Sheen, D. A.; Wang, H. Combust. Flame 2011, 158, 2358-2374). We generate a set of proposed measurements covering a wide range of initial reactant concentrations, temperatures, and species concentration measurements, for a total of 160 proposed measurements. To simulate the proposed measurements, we use the jet surrogate fuel model as a candidate model. We then use the EDDI algorithm to identify the best subset of measurements to perform. Seven are elected as the best set. We compare EDDI's performance against an expert-recommended set of measurements. The machine-generated measurement set performs better than the expert-generated experimental set. Therefore, the EDDI algorithm can be used to augment an expert's evaluation of a set of measurements and can be applied to many other database analysis and constraint problems.
C1 [Sheen, David A.; Manion, Jeffrey A.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sheen, DA (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8320, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.sheen@nist.gov
NR 37
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD JUL 10
PY 2014
VL 118
IS 27
BP 4929
EP 4941
DI 10.1021/jp5041844
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AL2UK
UT WOS:000338980800007
PM 24978296
ER
PT J
AU Heuser, BJ
Trinkle, DR
Jalarvo, N
Serio, J
Schiavone, EJ
Mamontov, E
Tyagi, M
AF Heuser, Brent J.
Trinkle, Dallas R.
Jalarvo, Niina
Serio, Joseph
Schiavone, Emily J.
Mamontov, Eugene
Tyagi, Madhusudan
TI Direct Measurement of Hydrogen Dislocation Pipe Diffusion in Deformed
Polycrystalline Pd Using Quasielastic Neutron Scattering
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID KINETIC THEORY; PALLADIUM; CLIMB; CORES; EDGE
AB The temperature-dependent diffusivity D(T) of hydrogen solute atoms trapped at dislocations-dislocation pipe diffusion of hydrogen-in deformed polycrystalline PdHx (x similar to 10(-3) [H]/[Pd]) has been quantified with quasielastic neutron scattering between 150 and 400 K. We observe diffusion coefficients for trapped hydrogen elevated by one to two orders of magnitude above bulk diffusion. Arrhenius diffusion behavior has been observed for dislocation pipe diffusion and regular bulk diffusion, the latter in well-annealed polycrystalline Pd. For regular bulk diffusion of hydrogen in Pd we find D(T) = D(0)exp(-E-a/kT) = 0.005exp(-0.23 eV/kT) cm(2)/s, in agreement with the known diffusivity of hydrogen in Pd. For hydrogen dislocation pipe diffusion we find D(T) similar or equal to 10(-5)exp(-E-a/kT) cm(2)/s, where E-a = 0.042 and 0.083 eV for concentrations of 0.52 x 10(-3) and 1.13 x 10(-3) [H]/[Pd], respectively. Ab initio computations provide a physical basis for the pipe diffusion pathway and confirm the reduced barrier height.
C1 [Heuser, Brent J.; Serio, Joseph] Univ Illinois, Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Trinkle, Dallas R.; Schiavone, Emily J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Jalarvo, Niina; Mamontov, Eugene] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div, Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Jalarvo, Niina] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Juelich Ctr Neutron Sci, Outstn Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Tyagi, Madhusudan] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tyagi, Madhusudan] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Heuser, BJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM bheuser@illinois.edu
RI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/M-4693-2014; Mamontov, Eugene/Q-1003-2015; Jalarvo,
Niina/Q-1320-2015;
OI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/0000-0002-4364-7176; Mamontov,
Eugene/0000-0002-5684-2675; Jalarvo, Niina/0000-0003-0644-6866; Serio,
Joseph/0000-0002-0300-0431
FU NSF [DMR-1207102]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy
FX This work was supported by the NSF under Grant No. DMR-1207102, and in
part by the NSF through the XSede resources provided by NCSA and TACC.
Part of the research presented here was conducted at Spallation Neutron
Source, was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. This work utilized
facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
Agreement No. DMR-0944772. Identification of commercial products does
not imply endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology nor does it imply that these are the best for the purpose.
Finally, we are grateful to Y. Zhang (University of Illinois) for useful
discussions regarding QENS analysis.
NR 31
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 30
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 10
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 2
AR 025504
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.025504
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AL5KA
UT WOS:000339171300020
PM 25062206
ER
PT J
AU Nalewajko, K
Begelman, MC
Sikora, M
AF Nalewajko, Krzysztof
Begelman, Mitchell C.
Sikora, Marek
TI CONSTRAINING THE LOCATION OF GAMMA-RAY FLARES IN LUMINOUS BLAZARS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; gamma rays: galaxies; quasars:
general; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; SPECTRAL
ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; FAST TEV VARIABILITY; QUASAR PKS 1510-089; 3C
454.3; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; RELATIVISTIC JETS;
RADIATION-FIELDS; HIGH-FREQUENCIES
AB Locating the gamma-ray emission sites in blazar jets is a long standing and highly controversial issue. We jointly investigate several constraints on the distance scale r and Lorentz factor Gamma of the gamma-ray emitting regions in luminous blazars (primarily flat spectrum radio quasars). Working in the framework of one-zone external radiation Comptonization models, we perform a parameter space study for several representative cases of actual gamma-ray flares in their multiwavelength context. We find a particularly useful combination of three constraints: from an upper limit on the collimation parameter Gamma theta less than or similar to 1, from an upper limit on the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) luminosity LSSC less than or similar to L-X, and from an upper limit on the efficient cooling photon energy E-cool,E-obs less than or similar to 100 MeV. These three constraints are particularly strong for sources with low accretion disk luminosity L-d. The commonly used intrinsic pair-production opacity constraint on Gamma is usually much weaker than the SSC constraint. The SSC and cooling constraints provide a robust lower limit on the collimation parameter Gamma theta greater than or similar to 0.1-0.7. Typical values of r corresponding to moderate values of Gamma similar to 20 are in the range 0.1-1 pc, and are determined primarily by the observed variability timescale t(var,obs). Alternative scenarios motivated by the observed gamma-ray/millimeter connection, in which gamma-ray flares of t(var,obs) similar to a few days are located at r similar to 10 pc, are in conflict with both the SSC and cooling constraints. Moreover, we use a simple light travel time argument to point out that the gamma-ray/millimeter connection does not provide a significant constraint on the location of gamma-ray flares. We argue that spine-sheath models of the jet structure do not offer a plausible alternative to external radiation fields at large distances; however, an extended broad-line region is an idea worth exploring. We propose that the most definite additional constraint could be provided by determination of the synchrotron self-absorption frequency for correlated synchrotron and gamma-ray flares.
C1 [Nalewajko, Krzysztof; Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Nalewajko, Krzysztof; Begelman, Mitchell C.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sikora, Marek] Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
RP Nalewajko, K (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM knalew@jila.colorado.edu
FU NASA through the Fermi Guest Investigator program; Polish NCN
[DEC-2011/01/B/ST9/04845]; NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship
[PF3-140112]; Chandra X-ray Center; Smithsonian Astrophysical
Observatory for NASA [NAS8-03060]
FX We thank the anonymous referee for valuable comments on the manuscript,
and Alan Marscher for discussions. K.N. thanks the staff of the Nicolaus
Copernicus Astronomical Center for their hospitality during the
preparation of this manuscript. This project was partly supported by
NASA through the Fermi Guest Investigator program, and by the Polish NCN
through grant DEC-2011/01/B/ST9/04845. K.N. was supported by NASA
through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship grant number PF3-140112 awarded
by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian
Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060.
NR 90
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 10
PY 2014
VL 789
IS 2
AR 161
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/789/2/161
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AK8JY
UT WOS:000338674900070
ER
PT J
AU Resing, JA
Barrett, PM
AF Resing, Joseph A.
Barrett, Pamela M.
TI OCEAN CHEMISTRY Fingerprints of a trace nutrient
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID IRON; CYCLE
C1 [Resing, Joseph A.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Resing, Joseph A.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Barrett, Pamela M.] Univ Washington, Dept Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Resing, JA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM resing@uw.edu; barrettp@uw.edu
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 23
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD JUL 10
PY 2014
VL 511
IS 7508
BP 164
EP 165
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AK8AP
UT WOS:000338649800032
PM 25008519
ER
PT J
AU Richerme, P
Gong, ZX
Lee, A
Senko, C
Smith, J
Foss-Feig, M
Michalakis, S
Gorshkov, AV
Monroe, C
AF Richerme, Philip
Gong, Zhe-Xuan
Lee, Aaron
Senko, Crystal
Smith, Jacob
Foss-Feig, Michael
Michalakis, Spyridon
Gorshkov, Alexey V.
Monroe, Christopher
TI Non-local propagation of correlations in quantum systems with long-range
interactions
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAPPED IONS; ENTANGLEMENT; DYNAMICS
C1 [Richerme, Philip; Gong, Zhe-Xuan; Lee, Aaron; Senko, Crystal; Smith, Jacob; Foss-Feig, Michael; Gorshkov, Alexey V.; Monroe, Christopher] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Richerme, Philip; Gong, Zhe-Xuan; Lee, Aaron; Senko, Crystal; Smith, Jacob; Foss-Feig, Michael; Gorshkov, Alexey V.; Monroe, Christopher] NIST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Michalakis, Spyridon] CALTECH, Inst Quantum Informat & Matter, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Richerme, P (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM richerme@umd.edu
RI Gorshkov, Alexey/A-9848-2008; Monroe, Christopher/G-8105-2011; Gong,
Zhexuan/G-4348-2016
OI Gorshkov, Alexey/0000-0003-0509-3421;
FU US Army Research Office (ARO) [W911NF0710576]; DARPA Optical Lattice
Emulator Program; ARO [W911NF0410234]; IARPA MQCO Program; USNSF Physics
Frontier Center at JQI; NRC; Institute for Quantum Information and
Matter, an NSF Physics Frontier Center; Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation [GBMF1250]
FX We thank J. Preskill, A. M. Rey, K. Hazzard, A. Daley, J. Schachenmayer,
M. Kastner, S. Manmana and L.-M. Duan for discussions. This work is
supported by the US Army Research Office (ARO) Award W911NF0710576 with
funds from the DARPA Optical Lattice Emulator Program, ARO award
W911NF0410234 with funds from the IARPA MQCO Program, and the USNSF
Physics Frontier Center at JQI. M.F.-F. thanks the NRC for support. S.
M. acknowledges funding provided by the Institute for Quantum
Information and Matter, an NSF Physics Frontier Center with the support
of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (through grant GBMF1250).
NR 30
TC 146
Z9 146
U1 6
U2 44
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD JUL 10
PY 2014
VL 511
IS 7508
BP 198
EP +
DI 10.1038/nature13450
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AK8AP
UT WOS:000338649800038
PM 25008525
ER
PT J
AU Xiong, L
Kendrick, LL
Heusser, H
Webb, JC
Sparks, BJ
Goetz, JT
Guo, W
Stafford, CM
Blanton, MD
Nazarenko, S
Patton, DL
AF Xiong, Li
Kendrick, Laken L.
Heusser, Hannele
Webb, Jamie C.
Sparks, Bradley J.
Goetz, James T.
Guo, Wei
Stafford, Christopher M.
Blanton, Michael D.
Nazarenko, Sergei
Patton, Derek L.
TI Spray-Deposition and Photopolymerization of Organic-Inorganic Thiol-ene
Resins for Fabrication of Superamphiphobic Surfaces
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE superamphiphobic; superoleophobic; photopolymerization; thiol-ene;
bioinspired; spray-deposited
ID SUPEROLEOPHOBIC SURFACES; SUPERHYDROPHOBIC SURFACE; COATINGS; ROBUST;
FILMS; RESISTANCE; POLYMER; DESIGN; WETTABILITY; PARTICLES
AB Superamphiphobic surfaces, exhibiting high contact angles and low contact angle hysteresis to both water and low surface tension liquids, have attracted a great deal attention in recent years because of the potential of these materials in practical applications such as liquid-resistant textiles, self-cleaning surfaces, and antifouling/anticorrosion coatings. In this work, we present a simple strategy for fabricating of superamphiphobic coatings based on photopolymerization of hybrid thiol-ene resins. Spray-deposition and UV photopolymerization of thiol-ene resins containing hydrophobic silica nanoparticles and perfluorinated thiols provide a multiscale topography and low-energy surface that endows the surface with superamphiphobicity. The wettability and chemical composition of the surfaces were characterized by contact-angle goniometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The hierarchical roughness features of the thiol-ene surfaces were investigated with field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Droplet impact and sandpaper abrasion tests indicate the coatings respectively possess a robust antiwetting behavior and good mechanical durability.
C1 [Xiong, Li; Kendrick, Laken L.; Heusser, Hannele; Webb, Jamie C.; Sparks, Bradley J.; Goetz, James T.; Guo, Wei; Blanton, Michael D.; Nazarenko, Sergei; Patton, Derek L.] Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
[Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Patton, DL (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
EM derek.patton@usm.edu
RI Patton, Derek/E-8241-2013; guo, wei/B-9315-2016;
OI Patton, Derek/0000-0002-8738-4750; guo, wei/0000-0001-7372-4956
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-1041853, DMR-1056817]; U.S. Department
of Education GAANN Fellowship Program [P200A120118]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (DMR-1041853
and CAREER Award DMR-1056817). B.S. acknowledges the U.S. Department of
Education GAANN Fellowship Program (Award P200A120118) for financial
support.
NR 62
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 11
U2 122
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD JUL 9
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 13
BP 10763
EP 10774
DI 10.1021/am502691g
PG 12
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AL2UB
UT WOS:000338979900101
PM 24911278
ER
PT J
AU Kim, H
Shen, TC
Roy-Choudhury, K
Solomon, GS
Waks, E
AF Kim, Hyochul
Shen, Thomas C.
Roy-Choudhury, Kaushik
Solomon, Glenn S.
Waks, Edo
TI Resonant Interactions between a Mollow Triplet Sideband and a Strongly
Coupled Cavity
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-DOT; FLUORESCENCE; JUMPS; SPECTROSCOPY
AB We demonstrate resonant coupling of a Mollow triplet sideband to an optical cavity in the strong coupling regime. We show that, in this regime, the resonant sideband is strongly enhanced relative to the detuned sideband. Furthermore, the linewidth of the Mollow sidebands exhibits a highly nonlinear pump power dependence when tuned across the cavity resonance due to strong resonant interactions with the cavity mode. We compare our results to calculations using the effective phonon master equation and show that the nonlinear linewidth behavior is caused by strong coherent interaction with the cavity mode that exists only when the Mollow sideband is near cavity resonance.
C1 [Kim, Hyochul; Shen, Thomas C.; Roy-Choudhury, Kaushik; Waks, Edo] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IREAP, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kim, Hyochul; Shen, Thomas C.; Roy-Choudhury, Kaushik; Waks, Edo] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Solomon, Glenn S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kim, H (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, IREAP, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM edowaks@umd.edu
FU ARO MURI [W911NF09104]; Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum
Institute; DARPA Defense Science Office [W31P4Q0910013]; ONR Applied
Electromagnetics Center; NSF CAREER award [ECCS. 0846494]; DARPA Young
Faculty Award [N660011114121]
FX We would like to acknowledge S. Hughes for helpful discussions. This
work was supported by the ARO MURI on hybrid quantum interactions (Grant
No. W911NF09104), the Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum
Institute, a DARPA Defense Science Office grant (Grant No.
W31P4Q0910013), and the ONR Applied Electromagnetics Center. E. W. would
like to acknowledge support from an NSF CAREER award (Grant No. ECCS.
0846494) and a DARPA Young Faculty Award (Grant No. N660011114121).
NR 36
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 19
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 8
PY 2014
VL 113
IS 2
AR 027403
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.027403
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AL4QT
UT WOS:000339118300013
PM 25062230
ER
PT J
AU Beers, KM
Wong, DT
Jackson, AJ
Wang, X
Pople, JA
Hexemer, A
Balsara, NP
AF Beers, Keith M.
Wong, David T.
Jackson, Andrew J.
Wang, Xin
Pople, John A.
Hexemer, Alexander
Balsara, Nitash P.
TI Effect of Crystallization on Proton Transport in Model Polymer
Electrolyte Membranes
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMICRYSTALLINE DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS; OXYETHYLENE/OXYBUTYLENE DIBLOCK;
BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; HUMID AIR; PHASE; CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSITIONS;
DIMENSIONS; KINETICS; BEHAVIOR
AB Polymer electrolyte membranes with bicontinuous microphases comprising soft hydrated domains and mechanically robust hydrophobic domains are used in a wide range of electrochemical devices induding fuel cells and electrolyzers. The self-assembly, water uptake, and proton conductivity of model block copolymer electrolytes with semicrystalline hydrophobic blocks were investigated. A series of sulfonated polystyrene-block-polyethylene (PSS-PE) copolymers were synthesized to probe the interplay between crystallization, morphology, hydration, and proton transport. In block copolymer systems with amorphous hydrophobic blocks, it has been shown that higher water update and proton conductivity are obtained in low molecular weight systems. However, crystallization is known to disrupt the self-assembly of low molecular weight block copolymers. We found that this disruption results in lower water uptake and proton conductivity. Increasing molecular weight results in less morphological disruption and improvement in performance.
C1 [Beers, Keith M.] Exponent, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Beers, Keith M.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wong, David T.; Jackson, Andrew J.; Wang, Xin; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hexemer, Alexander] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Beers, Keith M.; Wong, David T.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Wong, David T.] Exponent, Natick, MA 01760 USA.
[Jackson, Andrew J.] European Spallat Source ESS AB, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Jackson, Andrew J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Jackson, Andrew J.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pople, John A.] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Balsara, NP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM nbalsara@berkeley.edu
RI Jackson, Andrew/B-9793-2008
OI Jackson, Andrew/0000-0002-6296-0336
FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences
and Engineering Division of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Primary funding for the work was provided by the Electron Microscopy of
Soft Matter Program from the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. SAXS experiments
were performed at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) and the Stanford
Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL). The ALS is a DOE national user
facility and is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under the same
contract. SSRL is a Directorate of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
and an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department
of Energy Office of Science by Stanford University. Certain commercial
equipment, instruments, materials, suppliers and software are identified
in this paper to foster understanding. Such identification does not
imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or
equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 43
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
EI 1520-5835
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JUL 8
PY 2014
VL 47
IS 13
BP 4330
EP 4336
DI 10.1021/ma500298w
PG 7
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA AL0GW
UT WOS:000338806400021
ER
PT J
AU Levin, I
Krayzman, V
Tucker, MG
Woicik, JC
AF Levin, I.
Krayzman, V.
Tucker, M. G.
Woicik, J. C.
TI Local structure underlying anomalous tetragonal distortions in
BiFeO3-PbTiO3 ferroelectrics (vol 104, 242913, 2014)
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Levin, I.; Krayzman, V.; Woicik, J. C.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tucker, M. G.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
RP Levin, I (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Tucker, Matt/C-9867-2016
OI Tucker, Matt/0000-0002-2891-7086
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 7
PY 2014
VL 105
IS 1
AR 019901
DI 10.1063/1.4889876
PG 1
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AM2FK
UT WOS:000339664900111
ER
PT J
AU Li, HT
Zhu, H
Yuan, H
You, L
Richter, CA
Kopanski, JJ
Zhao, EH
Li, QL
AF Li, Haitao
Zhu, Hao
Yuan, Hui
You, Lin
Richter, Curt A.
Kopanski, Joseph J.
Zhao, Erhai
Li, Qiliang
TI SnTe field effect transistors and the anomalous electrical response of
structural phase transition
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; THIN-FILMS; TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; INSULATORS;
CAPACITORS; SRTIO3; PBTE
AB SnTe is a conventional thermoelectric material and has been newly found to be a topological crystalline insulator. In this work, back-gate SnTe field-effect transistors have been fabricated and fully characterized. The devices exhibit n-type transistor behaviors with excellent current-voltage characteristics and large on/off ratio (>10(6)). The device threshold voltage, conductance, mobility, and subthreshold swing have been studied and compared at different temperatures. It is found that the subthreshold swings as a function of temperature have an apparent response to the SnTe phase transition between cubic and rhombohedral structures at 110 K. The abnormal and rapid increase in subthreshold swing around the phase transition temperature may be due to the soft phonon/structure change which causes the large increase in SnTe dielectric constant. Such an interesting and remarkable electrical response to phase transition at different temperatures makes the small SnTe transistor attractive for various electronic devices. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Li, Haitao; Zhu, Hao; Yuan, Hui; You, Lin; Kopanski, Joseph J.; Li, Qiliang] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Li, Haitao; Zhu, Hao; Yuan, Hui; Richter, Curt A.; Li, Qiliang] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhao, Erhai] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Li, HT (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM haitao.li@nist.gov; qli6@gmu.edu
RI Li, Qiliang/B-2225-2015; Zhao, Erhai/B-3463-2010
OI Li, Qiliang/0000-0001-9778-7695; Zhao, Erhai/0000-0001-8954-1601
FU US NSF [ECCS-0846649]; Virginia Microelectronics Consortium Research
Grant
FX The authors thank Dr. David Gundlach, Dr. Hyuk-Jae Jang, Wei Li, and Dr.
James Basham at NIST for their help on low temperature measurement. The
work described here was supported by in part by US NSF Grant
ECCS-0846649 and Virginia Microelectronics Consortium Research Grant.
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 50
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 7
PY 2014
VL 105
IS 1
AR 013503
DI 10.1063/1.4887055
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AM2FK
UT WOS:000339664900087
ER
PT J
AU Chen, WC
Gentile, TR
Ye, Q
Walker, TG
Babcock, E
AF Chen, W. C.
Gentile, T. R.
Ye, Q.
Walker, T. G.
Babcock, E.
TI On the limits of spin-exchange optical pumping of He-3
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING INSTRUMENTS; POLARIZATION ANALYSIS; FILTERS; GAS;
GRATINGS; ARRAYS; NIST; RB
AB We have obtained improvement in the 3 He polarization achievable by spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP). These results were primarily obtained in large neutron spin filter cells using diode bar lasers spectrally narrowed with chirped volume holographic gratings. As compared to our past results with lasers narrowed with diffraction gratings, we have observed between 5% and 11% fractional increase in the 3 He polarization P-He. We also report a comparable improvement in P-He for two small cells, for which we would not have expected an increase from improved laser performance. In particular, prior extensive studies had indicated that the alkali-metal polarization was within 3% of unity in one of these cells. These results have impact on understanding the maximum P-He achievable by SEOP, whether the origin of the improvement is from increased alkali-metal polarization or decreased temperature-dependent relaxation. We conclude that the most likely explanation for the improvement in P-He is increased alkali-metal polarization. We have observed P-He of between 0.80 and 0.85 in several large cells, which marks a new precedent for the polarization achievable by SEOP. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Chen, W. C.; Ye, Q.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Chen, W. C.; Gentile, T. R.; Ye, Q.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Walker, T. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Babcock, E.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Juelich Ctr Neutron Sci FRM 2, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
RP Chen, WC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM wcchen@nist.gov
RI Walker, Thad/N-5590-2014; Babcock, Earl/E-6700-2011
OI Walker, Thad/0000-0002-0996-3351; Babcock, Earl/0000-0002-4215-2075
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences; National Science
Foundation [DMR-0944772]
FX We thank S. Watson, B. Maranville, R. W. Erwin, and M. G. Huber for
assistance with neutron measurements, and J. A. Anderson and J. Fuller
for fabrication of the 3He cells. The development and
application of neutron spin filters has been supported in part by the
U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences. The work utilized
facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
Agreement No. DMR-0944772.
NR 45
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 33
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 7
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 1
AR 014903
DI 10.1063/1.4886583
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA AM1QB
UT WOS:000339621400065
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Z
Liu, KH
Harriger, L
Leao, JB
Chen, SH
AF Wang, Zhe
Liu, Kao-Hsiang
Harriger, Leland
Leao, Juscelino B.
Chen, Sow-Hsin
TI Evidence of the existence of the high-density and low-density phases in
deeply-cooled confined heavy water under high pressures
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID CRITICAL-POINT; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; AMORPHOUS ICE; GLASSY WATER;
SUPERCOOLED WATER; TRANSITION; DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR
AB The average density of D2O confined in a nanoporous silica matrix (MCM-41-S) is studied with neutron scattering. We find that below similar to 210 K, the pressure-temperature plane of the system can be divided into two regions. The average density of the confined D2O in the higher-pressure region is about 16% larger than that in the lower-pressure region. These two regions could represent the so-called "low-density liquid" and "high-density liquid" phases. The dividing line of these two regions, which could represent the associated 1st order liquid-liquid transition line, is also determined. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Wang, Zhe; Liu, Kao-Hsiang; Chen, Sow-Hsin] MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Liu, Kao-Hsiang] Acad Sinica, Inst Atom & Mol Sci, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Harriger, Leland; Leao, Juscelino B.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Chen, SH (reprint author), MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM sowhsin@mit.edu
OI Wang, Zhe/0000-0003-4103-0751
FU DOE [DE-FG02-90ER45429]; National Science Council of Taiwan, "New
Partnership Program for the Connection to the Top Labs in the World"
FX The research at MIT was supported by DOE grant DE-FG02-90ER45429. K. H.
L. is sponsored by the National Science Council of Taiwan, "New
Partnership Program for the Connection to the Top Labs in the World." We
acknowledge the support of US Department of Commerce in providing the
SPINS at NCNR used in this work. Z.W. thanks Professor Yang Zhang for
his helpful advices.
NR 27
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 29
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 7
PY 2014
VL 141
IS 1
AR 014501
DI 10.1063/1.4885844
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA AM1QG
UT WOS:000339622000023
PM 25005293
ER
PT J
AU Peter, SC
Subbarao, U
Rayaprol, S
Martin, JB
Balasubramanian, M
Malliakas, CD
Kanatzidis, MG
AF Peter, Sebastian C.
Subbarao, Udumula
Rayaprol, Sudhindra
Martin, Joshua B.
Balasubramanian, Mahalingarn
Malliakas, Christos D.
Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.
TI Flux Growth of Yb6.6Ir6Sn16 Having Mixed-Valent Ytterbium
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY ABSORPTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY;
PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; TERNARY STANNIDES; HIGH-PRESSURE; RARE-EARTH; YB;
INTERMETALLICS; SYSTEMS
AB The compound Yb6.6Ir6Sn16 was obtained as single crystals in high yield from the reaction of Yb with Ir and Sn run in excess indium. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows that Yb6.6Ir6Sn16 crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P42/nmc with a = b = 9.7105(7) angstrom and c = 13.7183(11) angstrom. The crystal structure is composed of a [Ir6Sn16] polyanionic network with cages in which the Yb atoms are embedded. The Yb sublattice features extensive vacancies on one crystallographic site. Magnetic susceptibility measurements on single crystals indicate Curie-Weiss law behavior <100 K with no magnetic ordering down to 2 K. The magnetic moment within the linear region (<100 K) is 3.21 mu(B)/Yb, which is similar to 70% of the expected value for a free Yb3+ ion suggesting the presence of mixed-valent ytterbium atoms. X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy confirms that Yb6.6Ir6Sn16 exhibits mixed valence. Resistivity and heat capacity measurements for Yb6.6Ir6Sn16 indicate non-Fermi liquid metallic behavior.
C1 [Peter, Sebastian C.; Subbarao, Udumula] Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, New Chem Unit, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India.
[Rayaprol, Sudhindra] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, UGC DAE Consortium Sci Res, Mumbai Ctr, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
[Martin, Joshua B.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Balasubramanian, Mahalingarn] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Malliakas, Christos D.; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Malliakas, Christos D.; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Peter, SC (reprint author), Jawaharlal Nehru Ctr Adv Sci Res, New Chem Unit, Bangalore 560064, Karnataka, India.
EM sebastiancp@jncasr.ac.in; m-kanatzidis@northwestern.edu
FU Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research; Department of
Science and Technology (DST) [SR/S2/RJN-24/2010]; Sheikh Saqr
Laboratory; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research; DST; U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE); U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX Financial support from Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific
Research, Department of Science and Technology (DST) (Grant
SR/S2/RJN-24/2010) and Sheikh Saqr Laboratory is gratefully
acknowledged. U.S. thanks Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
for a research fellowship, and S.C.P. thanks DST for a Ramanujan
Fellowship. PNC/XSD facilities and research at these facilities are
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and its founding
institutions. At Argonne work is supported by the U.S. DOE, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 59
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
EI 1520-510X
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD JUL 7
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 13
BP 6615
EP 6623
DI 10.1021/ic500204t
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA AK9LH
UT WOS:000338748100027
PM 24921221
ER
PT J
AU Barin, G
Krungleviciute, V
Gutov, O
Hupp, JT
Yildirim, T
Farha, OK
AF Barin, Gokhan
Krungleviciute, Vaiva
Gutov, Oleksii
Hupp, Joseph T.
Yildirim, Taner
Farha, Omar K.
TI Defect Creation by Linker Fragmentation in Metal-Organic Frameworks and
Its Effects on Gas Uptake Properties
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID COORDINATION COPOLYMER; ISORETICULAR SERIES; LIGAND-EXCHANGE; METHANE
STORAGE; MOF PLATFORM; SURFACE-AREA; THIN-FILMS; FUNCTIONALIZATION;
ADSORPTION; SEPARATIONS
AB We successfully demonstrate an approach based on linker fragmentation to create defects and tune the pore volumes and surface areas of two metal-organic frameworks, NU-125 and HKUST-1, both of which feature copper paddlewheel nodes. Depending on the linker fragment composition, the defect can be either a vacant site or a functional group that the original linker does not have. In the first case, we show that both surface area and pore volume increase, while in the second case they decrease. The effect of defects on the high-pressure gas uptake is also studied over a large temperature and pressure range for different gases. We found that despite an increase in pore volume and surface area in structures with vacant sites, the absolute adsorption for methane decreases for HKUST-1 and slightly increases for NU-125. However, the working capacity (deliverable amount between 65 and 5 bar) in both cases remains similar to parent frameworks due to lower uptakes at low pressures. In the case of NU-125, the effect of defects became more pronounced at lower temperatures, reflecting the greater surface areas and pore volumes of the altered forms.
C1 [Barin, Gokhan; Gutov, Oleksii; Hupp, Joseph T.; Farha, Omar K.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Krungleviciute, Vaiva; Yildirim, Taner] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Krungleviciute, Vaiva; Yildirim, Taner] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Farha, Omar K.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Chem, Fac Sci, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia.
RP Hupp, JT (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM j-hupp@northwestern.edu; taner@seas.upenn.edu; o-farha@northwestern.edu
RI yildirim, taner/A-1290-2009
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER46522]; DOE ARPA-E; Stanford
Global Climate and Energy Project
FX T.Y. acknowledges the support by the U.S. Department of Energy through
Basic Energy Sciences Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER46522. The Northwestern
group gratefully acknowledges DOE ARPA-E and the Stanford Global Climate
and Energy Project for support of work relevant to CH4 and
CO2, respectively.
NR 52
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 73
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
EI 1520-510X
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD JUL 7
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 13
BP 6914
EP 6919
DI 10.1021/ic500722n
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA AK9LH
UT WOS:000338748100058
PM 24903856
ER
PT J
AU Xu, JG
Wang, XM
Fu, H
Brown, CM
Jing, XP
Liao, FH
Lu, FQ
Li, XH
Kuang, XJ
Wu, MM
AF Xu, Jungu
Wang, Xiaoming
Fu, Hui
Brown, Craig M.
Jing, Xiping
Liao, Fuhui
Lu, Fengqi
Li, Xiaohui
Kuang, Xiaojun
Wu, Mingmei
TI Solid-State Si-29 NMR and Neutron-Diffraction Studies of
Sr0.7K0.3SiO2.85 Oxide Ion Conductors
SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; FUEL-CELLS; DIFFUSION PATH; CONDUCTIVITY; SILICATES;
MELILITE; ELECTROLYTE; MECHANISMS; MIGRATION; TRANSPORT
AB K/Na-doped SrSiO3-based oxide ion conductors were recently reported as promising candidates for low-temperature solid-oxide fuel cells. Sr0.7K0.3SiO2.85, close to the solid-solution limit of Sr1-xKxSiO3-0.5x, was characterized by solid-state Si-29 NMR spectroscopy and neutron powder diffraction (NPD). Differing with the average structure containing the vacancies stabilized within the isolated Si3O9 tetrahedral rings derived from the NPD study, the (29Si) NMR data provides new insight into the local defect structure in Sr0.7K0.3SiO2.85. The Q(1)-linked tetrahedral Si signal in the Si-29 NME. data suggests that the Si3O9 tetrahedral rings in the K-doped SrSiO3 materials were broken, forming Si3O8 chains. The Si3O8 chains can be stabilized by either bonding with the oxygen atoms of the absorbed lattice water molecules, leading to the Q(1)-linked tetrahedral Si, or sharing oxygen atoms with neighboring Si3O9 units, which is consistent with the Q(3)-linked tetrahedral Si signal detected in the Si-29 NMR spectra.
C1 [Xu, Jungu; Kuang, Xiaojun; Wu, Mingmei] Sun Yat Sen Univ, MOE Key Lab Bioinorgan & Synthet Chem, State Key Lab Optoelect Mat & Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Xiaoming; Fu, Hui; Jing, Xiping; Liao, Fuhui] Peking Univ, Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, State Key Lab Rare Earth Mat Chem & Applicat, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Brown, Craig M.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Lu, Fengqi; Li, Xiaohui; Kuang, Xiaojun] Guilin Univ Technol, Guangxi Minist Prov Jointly Constructed Cultivat, MOE Key Lab New Proc Technol Nonferrous Met & Mat, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Guilin 541004, Peoples R China.
RP Kuang, XJ (reprint author), Guilin Univ Technol, Guangxi Minist Prov Jointly Constructed Cultivat, MOE Key Lab New Proc Technol Nonferrous Met & Mat, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Guilin 541004, Peoples R China.
EM kuangxj@glut.edu.cn; ceswmm@mail.sysu.edu.cn
RI Kuang, Xiaojun/K-4129-2013; Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355
FU National Science Foundation of China [21101174]; Chinese Ministry of
Education [213030A]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in
University [NCET-13-0752]; Guilin University of Technology; Chinese
Ministry of Education Scientific Research Foundation for Returned
Scholars
FX This work is funded by National Science Foundation of China (No.
21101174), the Research Project (No. 213030A) of Chinese Ministry of
Education, and Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
(No. NCET-13-0752). Thanks are also given to Guilin University of
Technology and Chinese Ministry of Education Scientific Research
Foundation for Returned Scholars for the Start-up Funds.
NR 40
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 5
U2 60
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0020-1669
EI 1520-510X
J9 INORG CHEM
JI Inorg. Chem.
PD JUL 7
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 13
BP 6962
EP 6968
DI 10.1021/ic500891j
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA AK9LH
UT WOS:000338748100064
PM 24903712
ER
PT J
AU Sydeman, WJ
Garcia-Reyes, M
Schoeman, DS
Rykaczewski, RR
Thompson, SA
Black, BA
Bograd, SJ
AF Sydeman, W. J.
Garcia-Reyes, M.
Schoeman, D. S.
Rykaczewski, R. R.
Thompson, S. A.
Black, B. A.
Bograd, S. J.
TI Climate change and wind intensification in coastal upwelling ecosystems
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CALIFORNIA CURRENT; OCEAN VARIABILITY; TRENDS; PACIFIC; FUTURE
AB In 1990, Andrew Bakun proposed that increasing greenhouse gas concentrations would force intensification of upwelling-favorable winds in eastern boundary current systems that contribute substantial services to society. Because there is considerable disagreement about whether contemporary wind trends support Bakun's hypothesis, we performed a meta-analysis of the literature on upwelling-favorable wind intensification. The preponderance of published analyses suggests that winds have intensified in the California, Benguela, and Humboldt upwelling systems and weakened in the Iberian system over time scales ranging up to 60 years; wind change is equivocal in the Canary system. Stronger intensification signals are observed at higher latitudes, consistent with the warming pattern associated with climate change. Overall, reported changes in coastal winds, although subtle and spatially variable, support Bakun's hypothesis of upwelling intensification in eastern boundary current systems.
C1 [Sydeman, W. J.; Garcia-Reyes, M.; Thompson, S. A.] Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
[Schoeman, D. S.] Univ Sunshine Coast, Fac Sci Hlth Educ & Engn, Maroochydore, Qld 4558, Australia.
[Rykaczewski, R. R.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Rykaczewski, R. R.] Univ S Carolina, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Thompson, S. A.] Univ Washington, Climate Impacts Grp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Black, B. A.] Univ Texas Richardson, Inst Marine Sci, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.
[Bograd, S. J.] NOAA, Environm Res Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
RP Sydeman, WJ (reprint author), Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Suite Q,101 H St, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
EM wsydeman@comcast.net
RI Black, Bryan/A-7057-2009; Rykaczewski, Ryan/A-8625-2016;
OI Rykaczewski, Ryan/0000-0001-8893-872X; Schoeman,
David/0000-0003-1258-0885
FU NSF [1130125]; NOAA's Environmental Research Division; Australian
Research Council's Collaborative Research Network
FX Support for this study was provided by NSF award no. 1130125, NOAA's
Environmental Research Division, and donors to the Farallon Institute.
D.S. was supported by the Australian Research Council's Collaborative
Research Network. The data reported in this paper are tabulated in the
supplementary materials; electronic files of the tabulated data are
available upon request from the senior author and at
www.faralloninstitute.org.
NR 25
TC 73
Z9 74
U1 19
U2 131
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUL 4
PY 2014
VL 345
IS 6192
BP 77
EP 80
DI 10.1126/science.1251635
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AK2XU
UT WOS:000338284400053
PM 24994651
ER
PT J
AU Fleisher, AJ
Bjork, BJ
Bui, TQ
Cossel, KC
Okumura, M
Ye, J
AF Fleisher, Adam J.
Bjork, Bryce J.
Bui, Thinh Q.
Cossel, Kevin C.
Okumura, Mitchio
Ye, Jun
TI Mid-Infrared Time-Resolved Frequency Comb Spectroscopy of Transient Free
Radicals
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CRIEGEE INTERMEDIATE CH2OO; INFRARED-ABSORPTION SPECTRUM; CAVITY
RINGDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; ACRYLIC-ACID; 193 NM; DYNAMICS;
PHOTODISSOCIATION; HOCO; ULTRAVIOLET; CHEMISTRY
AB We demonstrate time-resolved frequency comb spectroscopy (TRFCS), a new broadband absorption spectroscopy technique for the study of trace free radicals on the microsecond timescale. We apply TRFCS to study the time-resolved, mid-infrared absorption of the deuterated hydroxyformyl radical trans-DOCO, an important short-lived intermediate along the OD + CO reaction path. Directly after photolysis of the chemical precursor acrylic acid-d(1), we measure absolute trans-DOCO product concentrations with a sensitivity of 5 X 10(10) cm(-3) and observe its subsequent loss with a time resolution of 25 mu s. The multiplexed nature of TRFCS allows us to detect simultaneously the time-dependent concentration of several other photoproducts and thus unravel primary and secondary chemical reaction pathways.
C1 [Fleisher, Adam J.; Bjork, Bryce J.; Cossel, Kevin C.; Ye, Jun] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fleisher, Adam J.; Bjork, Bryce J.; Cossel, Kevin C.; Ye, Jun] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fleisher, Adam J.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bui, Thinh Q.; Okumura, Mitchio] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Arthur Amos Noyes Lab Chem Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Fleisher, AJ (reprint author), NIST, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM adam.fleisher@nist.gov; mo@caltech.edu; ye@jila.colorado.edu
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011; Okumura, Mitchio/I-3326-2013; Fleisher,
Adam/A-4215-2012
OI Okumura, Mitchio/0000-0001-6874-1137; Fleisher, Adam/0000-0001-9216-0607
FU NIST; NSF; NASA; AFOSR; DTRA; National Research Council
FX We thank Keeyoon Sung of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) for providing a
list of D2O mid-IR line positions and intensities measured by
Robert A. Toth of JPL. We are grateful to Scott A. Diddams of the
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Tim Dinneen of
Precision Photonics for providing the mid-IR VIPA etalon used in this
work. We also thank Brad Baxley for artistic contributions to Figure 1
and acknowledge financial support from NIST, NSF, NASA, AFOSR, and DTRA.
Adam J. Fleisher was supported by a National Research Council
postdoctoral fellowship and Thinh Bui by a NASA Earth and Space Science
Fellowship.
NR 39
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U1 9
U2 80
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD JUL 3
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 13
BP 2241
EP 2246
DI 10.1021/jz5008559
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AK8QN
UT WOS:000338693200013
PM 26279541
ER
PT J
AU Gutt, C
Grodd, L
Mikayelyan, E
Pietsch, U
Kline, RJ
Grigorian, S
AF Gutt, Christian
Grodd, Linda
Mikayelyan, Eduard
Pietsch, Ullrich
Kline, R. Joseph
Grigorian, Souren
TI Local Orientational Structure of a P3HT pi-pi Conjugated Network
Investigated by X-ray Nanodiffraction
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; REGIOREGULAR POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE);
CHARGE-TRANSPORT; MOBILITY; POLYMERS
AB We employed nanobeam X-ray diffraction using an X-ray spot size of 150 nm to investigate the local structure of P3HT thin films. We derived nanoscale real space maps of the X-ray diffraction properties at the pi-pi (020) diffraction peak. The X-ray data reveal a complex nanoscale structure of the polymer network with strong local variation where some areas of the film display a rather high degree of angular order. We quantify both the magnitude and direction of the angular order. Our results provide new insights into the local structural properties and connectivity of P3HT films.
C1 [Gutt, Christian; Grodd, Linda; Mikayelyan, Eduard; Pietsch, Ullrich; Grigorian, Souren] Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, D-57068 Siegen, Germany.
[Kline, R. Joseph] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gutt, C (reprint author), Univ Siegen, Fachbereich Phys, Walter Flex Str 3, D-57068 Siegen, Germany.
EM christian.gutt@uni-siegen.de; grigorian@physik.uni-siegen.de
RI Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008
FU BMBF [05K10PSC]
FX The authors thank the BMBF (Project No. 05K10PSC) for financial support
and E. Di Cola and M. Burghammer for their help with the X-ray
transmission measurements at beamline ID13 (ESRF, Grenoble, France).
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD JUL 3
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 13
BP 2335
EP 2339
DI 10.1021/jz500757p
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AK8QN
UT WOS:000338693200028
PM 26279556
ER
PT J
AU Dzuba, VA
Safronova, MS
Safronova, UI
AF Dzuba, V. A.
Safronova, M. S.
Safronova, U. I.
TI Atomic properties of superheavy elements No, Lr, and Rf
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION ENERGIES; HEAVIEST ELEMENTS; PERTURBATION-THEORY;
GROUND-STATE; LAWRENCIUM; YTTERBIUM; RUTHERFORDIUM; CONFIGURATION;
LUTETIUM
AB The combination of the configuration interaction method and all-order single-double coupled-cluster technique is used to calculate excitation energies, ionization potentials, and static dipole polarizabilities of superheavy elements nobelium, lawrencium, and rutherfordium. Breit and quantum electrodynamic corrections are also included. The results for the superheavy elements are compared with earlier calculations where available. Similar calculations for lighter analogs, ytterbium, lutetium, and hafnium, are used to study the accuracy of the calculations. The estimated uncertainties of the final results are discussed.
C1 [Dzuba, V. A.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Dzuba, VA (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
FU Australian Research Council; USA NSF [PHY-1212442]
FX The work was supported in part by the Australian Research Council and by
USA NSF Grant No. PHY-1212442.
NR 40
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 20
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
EI 1094-1622
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 3
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 1
AR 012504
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.012504
PG 9
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA AK5UI
UT WOS:000338491500003
ER
PT J
AU Tassey, G
AF Tassey, Gregory
TI Innovation in innovation policy management: The Experimental Technology
Incentives Program and the policy experiment
SO SCIENCE AND PUBLIC POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE venture capital; securities regulation; economic analysis; innovation
policy
AB The Experimental Technology Incentives Program (ETIP) was conceived by the White House in the early 1970s as an innovative response to the perception that the productivity of federally funded R&D needed to be improved. The program conducted studies and 'policy experiments' with US government agencies during the period 1972-80 to develop and demonstrate the use of experiments as a tool for managing innovation policy development. The objective was to provide government agencies with a low-risk and effective policy tool, specifically to provide substantial information on the expected performance of a proposed change before making a full-implementation decision. However, such a sophisticated approach was ahead of both a broad recognition of the need for more efficient policy development tools and the internal government capabilities to effectively use this policy development instrument. Thus, ETIP was terminated after 10 years of operation.
C1 US Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Econ Anal Off, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tassey, G (reprint author), US Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Econ Anal Off, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM gtassey@outlook.com
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 16
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0302-3427
EI 1471-5430
J9 SCI PUBL POLICY
JI Sci. Public Policy
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 4
BP 419
EP 424
DI 10.1093/scipol/sct060
PG 6
WC Management; Planning & Development; Public Administration
SC Business & Economics; Public Administration
GA AW1FT
UT WOS:000346036500003
ER
PT J
AU Brewitt, KS
Danner, EM
AF Brewitt, Kim S.
Danner, Eric M.
TI Spatio-temporal temperature variation influences juvenile steelhead
(Oncorhynchus mykiss) use of thermal refuges
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE diel temperature variation; Klamath River; Oncorhynchus mykiss; radio
telemetry; spatio-temporal variation; steelhead; temperature; thermal
refuges; thermal tolerance
ID DIEL VERTICAL MIGRATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ATLANTIC SALMON; RAINBOW-TROUT;
KLAMATH RIVER; WATER TEMPERATURE; CHINOOK SALMON; PACIFIC SALMON;
ENVELOPE MODELS; CUTTHROAT TROUT
AB Thermal refuges form potentially critical habitat for species at the limits of their thermal tolerance, especially given large-scale habitat degradation and rising temperatures across ecosystems. The Klamath River is a highly altered system where summer mainstem temperatures reach levels that are physiologically stressful to threatened Pacific salmonid populations, making thermal refuges critical for over-summer survival when temperatures near upper thermal thresholds. Small changes in water temperature can have a large effect on salmonid growth and survival, and therefore fine-scale spatio-temporal temperature variation could influence when and where refuges are important for both individual survival and population persistence. In this study, we combined monitoring of environmental variables with measures of fish temperature (a proxy for refuge use) to quantify juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) use of thermal refuges. We used a logistic mixed effects model to determine the relative influence of instantaneous mainstem temperature and flow, sub-daily temperature variation, body size, and time of day on steelhead refuge use. Mainstem temperature was the strongest predictor of refuge use; the majority (>80%) of juvenile steelhead moved into refuges when mainstem temperatures reached 22-23 degrees C, and all fish moved in by 25 degrees C. Fish were more likely to use refuges with increased diel mainstem temperature variation and larger temperature differential between the mainstem and tributary. In addition, steelhead exhibited a distinct diel behavioral shift in refuge use that varied with body size; smaller juveniles (similar to 160 mm) were much more likely to use refuges during the night than day, whereas larger juveniles (similar to 210 mm) exhibited a much less pronounced diel behavioral shift. Given impacts of watershed alteration and climate change and the growing importance of refuge habitat, these findings suggest that species persistence may depend on extremely fine-scale spatial and temporal temperature dynamics.
C1 [Brewitt, Kim S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Brewitt, Kim S.; Danner, Eric M.] NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Brewitt, KS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM kbrewitt@ucsc.edu
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Science to Achieve Results (STAR)
program; NOAA [NA07NMF4540337]; NOAA Fisheries, Southwest Fisheries
Science Center; Friends of Long Marine Lab Student Research Award; Davis
Scholarship Fund; UC Santa Cruz Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Department; Myers Oceanographic and Marine Biology Trust
FX We thank Kirstin Holsman, Pete Raimondi, Nate Mantua, and David Huff for
discussions regarding data analysis, as well as Mark Carr and Jonathan
Moore for helpful comments on this manuscript. We also thank the many
individuals who helped with fieldwork, including Kacey Munson, Jeremy
Notch, Michael Beakes, Kyle Swann, Jordan Sheffield, and the Karuk Tribe
field crews. We thank the U.S. G. S. for loaning several radio receivers
used for the project, and Jon Grunbaum for providing some of the water
temperature data used in this work. Funding for this research was
provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Science to Achieve
Results (STAR) program, NOAA Grant NA07NMF4540337, and NOAA Fisheries,
Southwest Fisheries Science Center. Additional support was provided by
Friends of Long Marine Lab Student Research Award, the Davis Scholarship
Fund, the UC Santa Cruz Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, and
the Myers Oceanographic and Marine Biology Trust.
NR 78
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 33
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 7
AR 92
DI 10.1890/ES14-00036.1
PG 26
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT7DJ
UT WOS:000345096600015
ER
PT J
AU Golmie, N
Smith, S
Tong, L
Dominguez-Garcia, A
Roy, S
Misic, J
Rajagopal, R
AF Golmie, Nada
Smith, Sean
Tong, Lang
Dominguez-Garcia, Alejandro
Roy, Sumit
Misic, Jelena
Rajagopal, Ram
TI Guest Editorial for the Special Series on Smart Grid Communications
SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Golmie, Nada] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Smith, Sean] Darthmouth Univ, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Dominguez-Garcia, Alejandro] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Roy, Sumit] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Misic, Jelena] Ryerson Univ, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
[Rajagopal, Ram] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Golmie, N (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0733-8716
EI 1558-0008
J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM
JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 32
IS 7
BP 1309
EP 1311
DI 10.1109/JSAC.2014.2332011
PG 3
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA AQ6II
UT WOS:000342913600001
ER
PT J
AU Mallary, M
Srinivasan, K
Bertero, G
Wolf, D
Kaiser, C
Chaplin, M
Elliott, C
Pakala, M
Leng, QW
Liu, F
Wang, YM
Silva, TJ
Shaw, JM
Nembach, HT
AF Mallary, Mike
Srinivasan, Kumar
Bertero, Gerardo
Wolf, Dan
Kaiser, Christian
Chaplin, Michael
Elliott, Carl
Pakala, Mahendra
Leng, Qunwen
Liu, Francis
Wang, Yiming
Silva, Tom J.
Shaw, Justin M.
Nembach, Hans T.
TI Head and Media Challenges for 3 Tb/in(2) Microwave-Assisted Magnetic
Recording
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Damping; field generating layer; microwave-assisted magnetic recording
(MAMR); spin torque oscillator (STO)
ID WRITE FIELD; OSCILLATOR
AB A specific design for microwave assisted magnetic recording (MAMR) at about 3 Tb/in(2) (0.47 Tb/cm(2) or 4.7 Pb/m(2)) is discussed in detail to highlight the challenges of MAMR and to contrast its requirements with conventional perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR). In particular, it has been determined that MAMR-optimized media should have: higher damping than today's PMR media upon which ferromagnetic resonance measurements are reported, very low intergranular exchange coupling, and somewhat stronger layer to layer exchange coupling. It was found that with exchange-coupled composite type media (i.e., graded anisotropy with controlled exchange), a spin torque oscillator in the write gap of a wider shielded pole cannot adequately define the written track at high track density. Adequate lateral field gradient, however, is achieved by modifying the pole tip geometry. Other details of this conceptual design are also discussed.
C1 [Mallary, Mike; Srinivasan, Kumar; Bertero, Gerardo; Wolf, Dan; Kaiser, Christian; Chaplin, Michael; Elliott, Carl; Pakala, Mahendra; Leng, Qunwen; Liu, Francis] Western Digital Corp, San Jose, CA 95138 USA.
[Wang, Yiming] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Silva, Tom J.; Shaw, Justin M.; Nembach, Hans T.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Wang, Yiming] Headway Technol Inc, Milpitas, CA 95035 USA.
[Pakala, Mahendra] Appl Mat Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA.
RP Mallary, M (reprint author), Western Digital Corp, San Jose, CA 95138 USA.
EM mikemal-lary@verizon.net
RI Shaw, Justin/C-1845-2008; Silva, Thomas/C-7605-2013
OI Shaw, Justin/0000-0003-2027-1521; Silva, Thomas/0000-0001-8164-9642
NR 27
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9464
EI 1941-0069
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 7
AR 3001008
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2014.2305693
PN 2
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA AQ7XY
UT WOS:000343035000002
ER
PT J
AU Knight, A
Lindholm, J
DeVogelaere, A
Watson, F
AF Knight, Ashley
Lindholm, James
DeVogelaere, Andrew
Watson, Fred
TI An Approach to the Collection, Processing, and Analysis of Towed Camera
Video Imagery for Marine Resource Management
SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE towed camera; video imagery; seafloor; conservation monitoring;
multivariate modeling
ID HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; DEMERSAL FISH; CORDELL BANK;
USA
AB A variety of video and photographic imaging platforms are used to survey seafloor habitats and organisms beyond the effective depth of most SCUBA diving (>30m). Each platform has benefits and shortcomings, with the most frequently limiting factors being (a) access to the most advanced instruments, (b) response of organism and (c) resoultion of organism identificaiton, Here, we describe the approaches used to collect process, and analyze video imagery collected with a simple towed camera sled in the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary as part of a larger, ongoing characterization project that began in 2006. We describe the details of deployment, imagery collection, postprocessing, and analyses gleaned from hundreds of hours of underwater video. Data extracted from camera sled imagery have been analyzed using multivariate model comparison techniques and have been represented in a variety of forms to support management needs and public outreach efforts.
C1 [Knight, Ashley; Lindholm, James] CSU Monterey Bay, Inst Appl Marine Ecol, Seaside, CA USA.
[DeVogelaere, Andrew] Monterey Bay Natl Marine Sanctuary, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Watson, Fred] CSU Monterey Bay, Div Sci & Environm Policy, Seaside, CA USA.
RP Knight, A (reprint author), Calif State Univ, Inst Appl Marine Ecol, 100 Campus Dr,Bldg 53, Seaside, CA 93955 USA.
EM aknight@csumb.edu
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 10
PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC
PI COLUMBIA
PA 5565 STERRETT PLACE, STE 108, COLUMBIA, MD 21044 USA
SN 0025-3324
EI 1948-1209
J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J
JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 4
SI SI
BP 86
EP 95
PG 10
WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography
SC Engineering; Oceanography
GA AQ2YU
UT WOS:000342656700013
ER
PT J
AU Goldberg, DN
Schoof, C
Sergienko, OV
AF Goldberg, D. N.
Schoof, C.
Sergienko, O. V.
TI Stick-slip motion of an Antarctic Ice Stream: The effects of
viscoelasticity
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
ID WEST ANTARCTICA; EARTHQUAKES; BEHAVIOR; FLOW; VARIABILITY; MECHANISM;
GLACIER; TIDES
AB Stick-slip behavior is a distinguishing characteristic of the flow of Whillans Ice Stream (Siple Coast, Antarctica). Distinct from stick slip on Northern Hemisphere glaciers, which is generally attributed to supraglacial melt, the behavior is thought be controlled by basal processes and by tidally induced stress. However, the connection between stick-slip behavior and flow of the ice stream on long time scales, if any, is not clear. To address this question we develop a new ice flow model capable of reproducing stick-slip cycles similar to ones observed on the Whillans Ice Plain. The model treats ice as a viscoelastic material and emulates the weakening and healing that are suggested to take place at the ice-till interface. The model results suggest the long-term ice stream flow that controls ice discharge to surrounding oceans is somewhat insensitive to certain aspects of stick-slip behavior, such as velocity magnitude during the slip phase and factors that regulate it (e.g., elastic modulus). Furthermore, it is found that factors controlling purely viscous flow, such as temperature, influence stick-slip contribution to long-term flow in much the same way. Additionally, we show that viscous ice deformation, traditionally disregarded in analysis of stick-slip behavior, has a strong effect on the timing of slip events and therefore should not be ignored in efforts to deduce bed properties from stick-slip observations.
C1 [Goldberg, D. N.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Schoof, C.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Sergienko, O. V.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Goldberg, DN (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM dan.goldberg@ed.ac.uk
FU NSF-OPP postdoctoral fellowship [ANT-1103375]; Natural Sciences and
Engineering Council of Canada Discovery Grant; Canada Research Chair;
NOAA [NA13OAR431009]
FX D. Goldberg was supported by an NSF-OPP postdoctoral fellowship
(ANT-1103375). C. Schoof was supported by a Natural Sciences and
Engineering Council of Canada Discovery Grant and a Canada Research
Chair. O. Sergienko was supported by NOAA grant NA13OAR431009. We thank
reviewers J. Winberry and R. Bindschadler and one anonymous reviewer,
Associate Editor J. Bassis, and Editor B. Hubbard for their constructive
comments. We also acknowledge J. Rice, C. Wunsch, and M. Naylor for
helpful conversations in the completion of this work.
NR 40
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 7
BP 1564
EP 1580
DI 10.1002/2014JF003132
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AQ1BE
UT WOS:000342515600007
ER
PT J
AU Peruzzi, A
Dobre, M
van Geel, J
Uytun, A
Kalemci, M
Uysal, E
Strouse, G
Ordonez, YN
Davis, C
AF Peruzzi, A.
Dobre, M.
van Geel, J.
Uytun, A.
Kalemci, M.
Uysal, E.
Strouse, G.
Ordonez, Y. Nuevo
Davis, C.
TI Effect of Impurities on Water Triple-Point Cells
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Impurities; Raoult's law; Water triple-point cells
AB Water triple-point cells are the basis for the definition of the kelvin and for the realization of the International Temperature Scale of 1990. The temperature differences between the cells are mainly caused by impurities arising in the cell water from the dissolution of the cell envelope (borosilicate glass or quartz). In order to investigate the effects of such impurities on the realized triple-point temperature, water triple-point cells doped with known amounts of Si and Na impurities ( to of Si and to of Na) were manufactured at VSL by adding gravimetric mixtures of a Si standard reference material and ultra high-purity water to the cell high-purity water. Water samples were taken from the manufactured cells, partitioned into three samples, and distributed to different laboratories for isotope and impurity analysis (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICPMS). The results of two independent ICPMS analyses were compared with impurity calculations based on the gravimetric data of the prepared mixtures and manufactured cells. One undoped cell manufactured by UME and one undoped cell manufactured by VSL were intercompared at both VSL and SMD to demonstrate the equivalence of the manufacturing processes of UME and VSL. The triple-point temperatures realized by the doped cells and the undoped cell manufactured by VSL were measured at SMD. The results showed that, in doped cells, the equilibration time after the last freezing is directly dependent on the impurity concentration, and the temperature depression of doped triple-point-of-water cells is significantly greater than the values predicted by Raoult's law for an ideal dilute solution.
C1 [Peruzzi, A.; van Geel, J.] Dutch Metrol Inst, VSL, NL-2600 AR Delft, Netherlands.
[Dobre, M.] FPS Econ, SMD, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
[Uytun, A.; Kalemci, M.; Uysal, E.] UME, TR-41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
[Strouse, G.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ordonez, Y. Nuevo; Davis, C.] NIST, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Peruzzi, A (reprint author), Dutch Metrol Inst, VSL, POB 654, NL-2600 AR Delft, Netherlands.
EM aperuzzi@vsl.nl
FU European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP) project "Novel Techniques
for Traceable Temperature Dissemination, NOTED"
FX This work was partly supported by the European Metrology Research
Programme (EMRP) project "Novel Techniques for Traceable Temperature
Dissemination, NOTED."
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
EI 1572-9567
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 35
IS 6-7
SI SI
BP 1084
EP 1096
DI 10.1007/s10765-014-1702-5
PG 13
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA AP9YF
UT WOS:000342437200010
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, F
Wang, J
Ichoku, C
Hyer, EJ
Yang, ZF
Ge, C
Su, SJ
Zhang, XY
Kondragunta, S
Kaiser, JW
Wiedinmyer, C
da Silva, A
AF Zhang, Feng
Wang, Jun
Ichoku, Charles
Hyer, Edward J.
Yang, Zhifeng
Ge, Cui
Su, Shenjian
Zhang, Xiaoyang
Kondragunta, Shobha
Kaiser, Johannes W.
Wiedinmyer, Christine
da Silva, Arlindo
TI Sensitivity of mesoscale modeling of smoke direct radiative effect to
the emission inventory: a case study in northern sub-Saharan African
region
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE fire emission inventory; Sahel and northern sub-Saharan African region;
smoke radiative effect; mesoscale modeling; air quality
ID TRANSPORT; AEROSOLS; AEROCOM; CLOUDS
AB An ensemble approach is used to examine the sensitivity of smoke loading and smoke direct radiative effect in the atmosphere to uncertainties in smoke emission estimates. Seven different fire emission inventories are applied independently to WRF-Chem model (v3.5) with the same model configuration (excluding dust and other emission sources) over the northern sub-Saharan African (NSSA) biomass-burning region. Results for November and February 2010 are analyzed, respectively representing the start and end of the biomass burning season in the study region. For February 2010, estimates of total smoke emission vary by a factor of 12, but only differences by factors of 7 or less are found in the simulated regional (15 degrees W-42 degrees E, 13 degrees S-17 degrees N) and monthly averages of column PM2.5 loading, surface PM2.5 concentration, aerosol optical depth (AOD), smoke radiative forcing at the top-of-atmosphere and at the surface, and air temperature at 2 m and at 700 hPa. The smaller differences in these simulated variables may reflect the atmospheric diffusion and deposition effects to dampen the large difference in smoke emissions that are highly concentrated in areas much smaller than the regional domain of the study. Indeed, at the local scale, large differences (up to a factor of 33) persist in simulated smoke-related variables and radiative effects including semi-direct effect. Similar results are also found for November 2010, despite differences in meteorology and fire activity. Hence, biomass burning emission uncertainties have a large influence on the reliability of model simulations of atmospheric aerosol loading, transport, and radiative impacts, and this influence is largest at local and hourly-to-daily scales. Accurate quantification of smoke effects on regional climate and air quality requires further reduction of emission uncertainties, particularly for regions of high fire concentrations such as NSSA.
C1 [Zhang, Feng; Wang, Jun; Yang, Zhifeng; Ge, Cui] Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Zhang, Feng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Int Ctr Climate & Environm Sci, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Ichoku, Charles; Hyer, Edward J.; da Silva, Arlindo] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Naval Res Lab Monterey, Monterey, CA USA.
[Su, Shenjian] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Ge, Cui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, State Key Lab Atmospher Boundary Layer Phys & Atm, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Xiaoyang] S Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD USA.
[Kondragunta, Shobha] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Kaiser, Johannes W.] Kings Coll London, London WC2R 2LS, England.
[Kaiser, Johannes W.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
[Kaiser, Johannes W.] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
[Wiedinmyer, Christine] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, NCAR Earth Syst Lab, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
RP Wang, J (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
EM jwang7@unl.edu
RI Hyer, Edward/E-7734-2011; Kaiser, Johannes/A-7057-2012; Kondragunta,
Shobha/F-5601-2010; Ichoku, Charles/E-1857-2012; Ge, Cui/I-6353-2016;
Wang, Jun/A-2977-2008
OI Hyer, Edward/0000-0001-8636-2026; Kaiser, Johannes/0000-0003-3696-9123;
Kondragunta, Shobha/0000-0001-8593-8046; Ichoku,
Charles/0000-0003-3244-4549; Ge, Cui/0000-0002-6182-6856; Wang,
Jun/0000-0002-7334-0490
FU Science Missions Directorate of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) as part of an Interdisciplinary Studies (IDS);
NASA Air Quality Applied Science program; European Commission through
the MACC-II project [283576]; EU Seventh Research Framework Programme;
NCAR; US NSF Grant [121168]; National Science Foundation
FX This research was supported by the Science Missions Directorate of the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of an
Interdisciplinary Studies (IDS) conducted through the Radiation Sciences
Program managed by Hal B Maring. E J Hyer and J Wang also acknowledge
the support from the NASA Air Quality Applied Science program managed by
John A Haynes. J W Kaiser's contribution was funded by the European
Commission through the MACC-II project, contract number 283576, under
the EU Seventh Research Framework Programme. C Wiedinmyer would like to
acknowledge support from NCAR and US NSF Grant # 121168. The National
Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science
Foundation. The authors thank Guido van der Werf for providing their
emissions datasets, and gratefully acknowledge the Holland Computing
Center of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and their staff for their
helpful efforts with modeling.
NR 36
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 7
AR 075002
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/9/7/075002
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AP2AA
UT WOS:000341873200022
ER
PT J
AU Ma, L
Zhang, F
Allen, A
Levine, L
AF Ma, Li
Zhang, Fan
Allen, Andrew
Levine, Lyle
TI Unveiling the origin of a nonequilibrium dynamic process detected by
X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy via a finite element analysis
approach
SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA A-FOUNDATION AND ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID INTENSITY FLUCTUATION SPECTROSCOPY; UNDULATOR RADIATION; SCATTERING;
DIFFRACTION; COMPOSITES; FACILITY; MOTION; WATER; XPCS
AB It is a scientific and engineering challenge to characterize materials under nonequilibrium conditions. In recent years, X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS), a synchrotron-based coherent X-ray scattering technique, has been found useful in determining the timescales associated with various nonequilibrium processes, with detailed descriptions of the underlying processes lacking. Here, both static ultra small angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) and dynamic USAXS-based XPCS were used to investigate a transient structural change (a nonequilibrium process) associated with an isothermal anneal in a glass polymer composite system. While the bulk USAXS technique lacked the required sensitivity to detect the change in the microstructures, the local structural reorganization was apparent in the XPCS study. The structural changes were modeled using a three-dimensional finite element analysis approach and wave-propagation theory was used to simulate the resulting reciprocal-space coherent scattering intensity. Qualitative agreement was found between the modeling and experimental results, which validates that stress relaxation in the viscous polymer matrix was responsible for the observed changes. This analysis demonstrates that multi-physics modeling of complex systems can be used to interpret XPCS measurements of nonequilibrium processes.
C1 [Ma, Li; Levine, Lyle] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhang, Fan; Allen, Andrew] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, F (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM fan.zhang@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation/Department of Energy [NSF/CHE-0822838]; US
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We thank J. M. Antonucci, D. Skrtic and J. N. R. O'Donnell at NIST for
preparing the composite samples. ChemMat-CARS Sector 15 is principally
supported by the National Science Foundation/Department of Energy under
grant No. NSF/CHE-0822838. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was
supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0108-7673
EI 1600-5724
J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR A
JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 70
BP 338
EP 347
DI 10.1107/S205327331400686X
PN 4
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA AO9OV
UT WOS:000341686000004
PM 25970190
ER
PT J
AU Levin, PS
AF Levin, Phillip S.
TI New Conservation for the Anthropocene Ocean
SO CONSERVATION LETTERS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Levin, PS (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Phil.levin@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1755-263X
J9 CONSERV LETT
JI Conserv. Lett.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 4
BP 339
EP 340
DI 10.1111/conl.12108
PG 2
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA AO9AZ
UT WOS:000341649200001
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, YC
Liu, BQ
Li, XF
Nunziata, F
Xu, Q
Ding, XW
Migliaccio, M
Pichel, WG
AF Cheng, Yongcun
Liu, Bingqing
Li, Xiaofeng
Nunziata, Ferdinando
Xu, Qing
Ding, Xianwen
Migliaccio, Maurizio
Pichel, William G.
TI Monitoring of Oil Spill Trajectories With COSMO-SkyMed X-Band SAR Images
and Model Simulation
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE
SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE General NOAA Operational Modeling Environment (GNOME); North Sea; oil
spill; synthetic aperture radar (SAR); trajectory
ID NETWORK ALGORITHM TCNNA; BOHAI SEA; SEGMENTATION; POLLUTION; SLICK
AB The Shell North Sea Gannet Alpha platform oil spill accident occurred on August 10, 2011. This was the largest oil spill accident in United Kingdom waters in the last decade. The spills were observed on four COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired between August 17 and 22, 2011, with revisit time from 11 h to 3 days between the SAR acquisitions. The areas of oil slicks were extracted from SAR images using an existing image classification and segmentation algorithm. It was found that the oil slicks moved toward the southwest with slick size enlarging from 3.69 to 62.01 km(2) in the first 24 h between the first and second SAR acquisitions. We tracked the oil spill trajectories using the General NOAA Operational Modeling Environment (GNOME) oil-drifting model. The 6-hourly surface wind fields from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA) Interim products and the 3-hourly ocean surface current fields from the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) global operational model were used to drive the GNOME model. The simulated oil slick movement was in good agreement with that observed by the CSK SAR images. Moreover, the simulation showed that the movement of oil spills was dominated by the surface winds in the North Sea.
C1 [Cheng, Yongcun] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Marine Sci, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Bingqing; Ding, Xianwen] Shanghai Ocean Univ, Coll Marine Sci, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China.
[Li, Xiaofeng] NOAA, GST, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Nunziata, Ferdinando; Migliaccio, Maurizio] Univ Napoli Parthenope, Dipartimento Ingn, I-80143 Naples, Italy.
[Xu, Qing] Hohai Univ, Key Lab Coastal Disasters & Def, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Xu, Qing] Hohai Univ, Coll Harbor Coastal & Offshore Engn, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Pichel, William G.] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Li, XF (reprint author), NOAA, GST, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM xiaofeng.li@noaa.gov
RI Pichel, William/F-5619-2010; Liu, Bingqing/E-6932-2015; Nunziata,
Ferdinando/D-4054-2012; Li, Xiaofeng/B-6524-2008
OI Pichel, William/0000-0001-6332-0149; Nunziata,
Ferdinando/0000-0003-4567-0377; Li, Xiaofeng/0000-0001-7038-5119
FU Shanghai Dongfang Scholar Program, Shanghai Municipal Science and
Technology Commission [13dz12044000]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [41306194]; ESA-MOST [10689]; NOAA
FX Manuscript received January 31, 2014; revised June 05, 2014; accepted
July 12, 2014. Date of publication August 10, 2014; date of current
version August 21, 2014. This work was supported in part by the Shanghai
Dongfang Scholar Program, Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology
Commission under Grant 13dz12044000, in part by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China under Grant 41306194, in part by the
ESA-MOST Dragon-3 cooperation project 10689, and in part by the NOAA
Ocean Remote Sensing (ORS) Program funding. (Corresponding author:
Xiaofeng Li.)
NR 32
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 18
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1939-1404
EI 2151-1535
J9 IEEE J-STARS
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 7
SI SI
BP 2895
EP 2901
DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2014.2341574
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AO7YK
UT WOS:000341568700018
ER
PT J
AU Bojanova, I
Kuhn, R
AF Bojanova, Irena
Kuhn, Rick
TI IT Pro Conference on Information Systems Governance
SO IT PROFESSIONAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Bojanova, Irena] Univ Maryland Univ Coll, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
[Kuhn, Rick] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Comp Secur Div, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Bojanova, I (reprint author), Univ Maryland Univ Coll, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
EM irena.bojanova@umuc.edu; kuhn@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 1520-9202
EI 1941-045X
J9 IT PROF
JI IT Prof.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2014
VL 16
IS 4
BP 4
EP 6
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software
Engineering; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA AO7YP
UT WOS:000341569300001
ER
PT J
AU Silverman, KL
Miaja-Avila, L
Verma, VB
Coleman, JJ
Mirin, RP
AF Silverman, Kevin L.
Miaja-Avila, Luis
Verma, Varun B.
Coleman, James J.
Mirin, Richard P.
TI Gain and Loss in Active Waveguides Based on Lithographically Defined
Quantum Dots
SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanolithography; quantum dots; semiconductor lasers; semiconductor
optical amplifiers
ID TEMPERATURE; AMPLIFIERS; DYNAMICS; LASERS; ROOM
AB We report on the optical gain and loss of waveguides containing lithographically defined quantum dots. Lasing action has previously been demonstrated in a nominally identical structure. Measurements are made by monitoring the transmission of a resonant pulse while varying the injection current. We measure a maximum modal gain of 1.8 cm(-1) at the peak of the ground state emission for a two-layer structure. The peak gain is insufficient for ground state lasing to be achieved in a structure with as-cleaved facets, but the gain per dot is comparable with that demonstrated in self-assembled quantum dots.
C1 [Silverman, Kevin L.; Miaja-Avila, Luis; Verma, Varun B.; Mirin, Richard P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Coleman, James J.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Silverman, KL (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM silverma@boulder.nist.gov; luis.miajaavila@nist.gov;
varun.verma@nist.gov; jcoleman@illinois.edu; richard.mirin@nist.gov
RI Coleman, James/C-9703-2011;
OI Mirin, Richard/0000-0002-4472-4655
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1041-1135
EI 1941-0174
J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L
JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett.
PD JUL 1
PY 2014
VL 26
IS 13
BP 1283
EP 1286
DI 10.1109/LPT.2014.2321140
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA AO7AU
UT WOS:000341505200003
ER
PT J
AU Newell, DB
AF Newell, David B.
TI A more fundamental International System of Units
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Article
ID WATT BALANCE; JOSEPHSON; STANDARDS; SI
C1 [Newell, David B.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Newell, DB (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
EI 1945-0699
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 67
IS 7
BP 35
EP 41
DI 10.1063/PT.3.2448
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AO6GL
UT WOS:000341448200018
ER
PT J
AU Unguris, J
Bowden, SR
Pierce, DT
Trassin, M
Ramesh, R
Cheong, SW
Fackler, S
Takeuchi, I
AF Unguris, J.
Bowden, S. R.
Pierce, D. T.
Trassin, M.
Ramesh, R.
Cheong, S. -W.
Fackler, S.
Takeuchi, I.
TI Simultaneous imaging of the ferromagnetic and ferroelectric structure in
multiferroic heterostructures
SO APL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; DOMAIN-STRUCTURE; BIFEO3 FILMS; THIN-FILMS
AB By measuring the spin polarization of secondary electrons and the intensity of backscattered electrons generated in a scanning electron microscope, we are able to simultaneously image the ferromagnetic domain structure of a ferromagnetic thin film and the ferroelectric domain structure of the underlying ferroelectric substrate upon which it is grown. Simultaneous imaging allows straightforward, quantitative measurements of the correlations in these complex multiferroic systems. We have successfully imaged domains in CoFe/BFO and Fe/BTO, two systems with very different ferromagnet/ferroelectric coupling mechanisms, demonstrating how this technique provides a new local probe of magneto electric/strictive effects in multiferroic heterostructures. (C) 2014 Author(s).
C1 [Unguris, J.; Bowden, S. R.; Pierce, D. T.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bowden, S. R.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Trassin, M.; Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Trassin, M.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol Zurich, Dept Mat, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Ramesh, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Cheong, S. -W.] Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Ctr Emergent Mat, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Cheong, S. -W.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Fackler, S.; Takeuchi, I.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Unguris, J (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM john.unguris@nist.gov
FU National Research Council; University of Maryland [70NANB10H193];
National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale
Science and Technology through the University of Maryland
[70NANB10H193]; Center for Energy Efficient Electronics Science (NSF)
[0939514]; Maryland NanoCenter and its NanoLab; NSF [NSF-DMR-1104484]
FX We thank M. D. Stiles for discussions. S. R. Bowden acknowledges support
from the National Research Council and from the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
(Award No. 70NANB10H193 through the University of Maryland). M. Trassin
acknowledges support from the Center for Energy Efficient Electronics
Science (NSF Grant No. 0939514). S. Fackler acknowledges support of the
Maryland NanoCenter and its NanoLab. The work at Rutgers was supported
by the NSF under Grant No. NSF-DMR-1104484.
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 45
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2166-532X
J9 APL MATER
JI APL Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 7
AR 076109
DI 10.1063/1.4890055
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA AO2RW
UT WOS:000341174100011
ER
PT J
AU Zolina, O
Simmer, C
Kapala, A
Shabanov, P
Becker, P
Machel, H
Gulev, S
Groisman, P
AF Zolina, Olga
Simmer, Clemens
Kapala, Alice
Shabanov, Pavel
Becker, Paul
Maechel, Hermann
Gulev, Sergey
Groisman, Pavel
TI Precipitation Variability and Extremes in Central Europe New View from
STAMMEX Results
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; DATASET
AB The STAMMEX (Spatial and Temporal Scales and Mechanisms of Extreme Precipitation Events over Central Europe) project has developed a high-resolution gridded long-term precipitation dataset based on the daily-observing precipitation network of the German Weather Service DWD, which runs one of the world's densest rain gauge networks, comprising more than 7,500 stations. Several quality-controlled daily gridded products with homogenized sampling were developed covering the periods 1931-onward (with 0.5 degrees resolution), 1951-onward (0.5 degrees and 0.25 degrees), and 1971-2000 (0.5 degrees, 0.25 degrees, and 0.1 degrees). Different methods were tested to select the best gridding methodology that minimizes errors of integral grid estimates over; hilly;terrain. Besides daily precipitation values with uncertainty estimates, the STAMMEX datasets include a variety of statistics that characterize temporal and spatial dynamics of the precipitation distribution (quantiles, extremes, wet/dry spells, etc.). Comparisons with existing continental-stale daily precipitation grids (e.g., CRU, ECA E-OBS, GCOS)-which include considerably less observations compared to those used in STAMMEX-demonstrate the added value of high-resolution grids for extreme rainfall analyses. These data exhibit spatial variability patterns and trends in precipitation extremes, which are missed or incorrectly reproduced over Central Europe from coarser resolution grids, based on sparser networks. The STAMMEX dataset can be used for high-quality climate diagnostics of precipitation variability, as a reference for reanalyses and remotely sensed precipitation products (including the upcoming Global Precipitation Mission products), and for input into regional climate and operational weather forecast models.
C1 [Zolina, Olga] LGGE, Grenoble, France.
[Zolina, Olga] PP Shirshov Oceanol Inst, Moscow, Russia.
[Simmer, Clemens; Kapala, Alice] Univ Bonn, Inst Meteorol, Bonn, Germany.
[Shabanov, Pavel; Gulev, Sergey] PP Shirshov Oceanol Inst, Moscow, Russia.
[Becker, Paul; Maechel, Hermann] DWD, German Weather Serv, Deutsch Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany.
[Groisman, Pavel] NCDC, Asheville, NC USA.
RP Zolina, O (reprint author), UJF Grenoble I, CNRS, LGGE, 54 Rue Moliere,BP 96, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France.
EM ozolina@lgge.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr
RI Machel, Hermann/A-5313-2015; Gulev, Sergey/A-4994-2014; Simmer,
Clemens/M-4949-2013
OI Machel, Hermann/0000-0002-2753-4876; Simmer, Clemens/0000-0003-3001-8642
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [PN-50160119]; Russian Ministry of
Education and Science [14.B25.31.0026, 14.577.21.0048]; Universite
Joseph Fourier; LGGE (Grenoble)
FX We appreciate comments and suggestions of the two anonymous reviewers,
which helped to improve the previous version of this manuscript.
Discussions with Klaus Peter Koltermann of MSU (Moscow) are appreciated.
We thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for funding the STAMMEX
Project under the contract PN-50160119 and the Deutsche Wetterdienst for
continuous support of the project and data supply. We also benefited
from the support of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science under
the contract's 14.B25.31.0026 and 14.577.21.0048, as well as from the
support of Universite Joseph Fourier and LGGE (Grenoble).
NR 21
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 21
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 7
BP 995
EP +
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00134.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AO0ED
UT WOS:000340981000008
ER
PT J
AU Stenhouse, N
Maibach, E
Cobb, S
Ban, R
Bleistein, A
Croft, P
Bierly, E
Seitter, K
Rasmussen, G
Leiserowitz, A
AF Stenhouse, Neil
Maibach, Edward
Cobb, Sara
Ban, Ray
Bleistein, Andrea
Croft, Paul
Bierly, Eugene
Seitter, Keith
Rasmussen, Gary
Leiserowitz, Anthony
TI METEOROLOGISTS' VIEWS ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING A Survey of American
Meteorological Society Professional Members
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; POLARIZATION; POLICY; RISKS
AB Meteorologists and other atmospheric science experts are playing important roles in helping society respond to climate change. However, members of this professional community are not unanimous in their views of climate change, and there has been tension among members of the American Meteorological Society (AMS) who hold different views on the topic. In response, AMS created the Committee to Improve Climate Change Communication to explore and, to the extent possible, resolve these tensions. To support this-committee, in January 2012 we surveyed all AMS members with known e-mail addresses, achieving a 26.3% response rate (n = 1,854). In this paper we tested four hypotheses-1) perceived conflict about global warming will be negatively associated, and 2) climate expertise, 3) liberal political ideology, and 4) perceived scientific consensus will be positively associated with 1) higher personal certainty that global warming is happening, 2) viewing the global warming observed over the past 150 years as mostly human caused, and 3) perception of global warming as harmful. All four hypotheses were confirmed. Expertise, ideology,perceived consensus, and perceived conflict were all independently related to respondents' views on climate, with perceived consensus and political ideology being most strongly related. We suggest that AMS should attempt to convey the widespread scientific agreement about climate change; acknowledge and explore the uncomfortable fact that political ideology influences the climate change views of meteorology professionals; refute the idea that those who do hold nonmajority views just need to be "educated" about climate change; and continue to deal with the conflict among members of the meteorology community.
C1 [Stenhouse, Neil; Maibach, Edward; Cobb, Sara; Bierly, Eugene] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Ban, Ray] Weather Channel, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Bleistein, Andrea] NOAA, Off Assistant Secretary Environm Observat & Predi, Washington, DC USA.
[Croft, Paul] Kean Univ, Dept Geol & Meteorol, Union, NJ USA.
[Seitter, Keith; Rasmussen, Gary] Amer Meteorol Soc, Boston, MA USA.
[Leiserowitz, Anthony] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA.
RP Stenhouse, N (reprint author), George Mason Univ, 4400 Univ Dr MSN 6A8, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM nstenhou@gmu.edu
OI Maibach, Edward/0000-0003-3409-9187
FU NSF [DUE-1043235, DRL-0917566]
FX Ban, Bleistein, and Croft are members of the AMS's Committee to Improve
Climate Change Communication. Support for this research was provided by
NSF Awards DUE-1043235 and DRL-0917566. We wish to thank James Filipi
and Justin Rolfe-Redding for their assistance with this research.
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 7
BP 1029
EP +
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00091.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AO0ED
UT WOS:000340981000012
ER
PT J
AU Knupp, KR
Murphy, TA
Coleman, TA
Wade, RA
Mullins, SA
Schultz, CJ
Schultz, EV
Carey, L
Sherrer, A
McCaul, EW
Carcione, B
Latimer, S
Kula, A
Laws, K
Marsh, PT
Klockow, K
AF Knupp, Kevin R.
Murphy, Todd A.
Coleman, Timothy A.
Wade, Ryan A.
Mullins, Stephanie A.
Schultz, Christopher J.
Schultz, Elise V.
Carey, Lawrence
Sherrer, Adam
McCaul, Eugene W., Jr.
Carcione, Brian
Latimer, Stephen
Kula, Andy
Laws, Kevin
Marsh, Patrick T.
Klockow, Kim
TI METEOROLOGICAL OVERVIEW OF THE DEVASTATING 27 APRIL 2011 TORNADO
OUTBREAK
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; DOPPLER RADAR OBSERVATIONS; LOW-LEVEL
MESOVORTICES; LONG-LIVED SUPERCELLS; PART I; SQUALL LINES; BOW ECHOES;
OBSERVATIONAL EXAMINATION; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; CASA RADAR
AB By many metrics, the tornado outbreak on 27 April 2011 was the most significant tornado outbreak since 1950, exceeding the super outbreak of 3-4 April 1974. The number of tornadoes over a 24-h period (midnight to midnight) was 199; the tornado fatalities and injuries were 316 and more than 2,700, respectively; and the insurable loss exceeded $4 billion (U.S. dollars). In this paper, we provide a meteorological overview of this outbreak and illustrate that the event was composed of three mesoscale events: a large early morning quasi-linear convective system (QLCS), a midday QLCS, and numerous afternoon supercell storms. The main data sources include NWS and research radars, profilers, surface measurements, and photos and videos of the tornadoes. The primary motivation for this preliminary research is to document the diverse characteristics (e.g., tornado characteristics and mesoscale organization of deep convection) of this outbreak and summarize preliminary analyses that are worthy of additional research on this case.
C1 [Knupp, Kevin R.; Murphy, Todd A.; Coleman, Timothy A.; Wade, Ryan A.; Mullins, Stephanie A.; Schultz, Christopher J.; Schultz, Elise V.; Carey, Lawrence; Sherrer, Adam] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[McCaul, Eugene W., Jr.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA.
[Latimer, Stephen; Kula, Andy] Natl Weather Serv, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Laws, Kevin] Natl Weather Serv, Birmingham, AL USA.
[Marsh, Patrick T.] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Klockow, Kim] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Knupp, KR (reprint author), Univ Alabama, 320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
EM kevin@nsstc.uah.edu
FU National Science Foundation [AGS-1140387]
FX A National Science Foundation Rapid Response Research Grant,
AGS-1140387, provided funding for this initial research. Dr. Cody
Kirkpatrick (Indiana University) generated the regional Composite
animation in Fig. ES1 (see online supplement). Dr. Chad Shafer
(University of South Alabama) generously provided the N2 calculation
shown in Table 1. We thank the numerous individuals who provided
valuable information, including visual images and animations of many of
the tornadoes, on this day. This paper is dedicated to those who
experienced loss of life, loved ones, property, and trauma on this
fateful day.
NR 75
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 7
BP 1041
EP +
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00229.1
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AO0ED
UT WOS:000340981000013
ER
PT J
AU Drobinski, P
Ducrocq, V
Alpert, P
Anagnostou, E
Beranger, K
Borga, M
Braud, I
Chanzy, A
Davolio, S
Delrieu, G
Estournel, C
Boubrahmi, NF
Font, J
Grubisic, V
Gualdi, S
Homar, V
Ivancan-Picek, B
Kottmeier, C
Kotroni, V
Lagouvardos, K
Lionello, P
Llasat, MC
Ludwig, W
Lutoff, C
Mariotti, A
Richard, E
Romero, R
Rotunno, R
Roussot, O
Ruin, I
Somot, S
Taupier-Letage, I
Tintore, J
Uijlenhoet, R
Wernli, H
AF Drobinski, P.
Ducrocq, V.
Alpert, P.
Anagnostou, E.
Beranger, K.
Borga, M.
Braud, I.
Chanzy, A.
Davolio, S.
Delrieu, G.
Estournel, C.
Boubrahmi, N. Filali
Font, J.
Grubisic, V.
Gualdi, S.
Homar, V.
Ivancan-Picek, B.
Kottmeier, C.
Kotroni, V.
Lagouvardos, K.
Lionello, P.
Llasat, M. C.
Ludwig, W.
Lutoff, C.
Mariotti, A.
Richard, E.
Romero, R.
Rotunno, R.
Roussot, O.
Ruin, I.
Somot, S.
Taupier-Letage, I.
Tintore, J.
Uijlenhoet, R.
Wernli, H.
TI HYMEX A 10-Year Multidisciplinary Program on the Mediterranean Water
Cycle
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL; FLASH-FLOOD; SYNOPTIC CLIMATOLOGY; DEEP
CONVECTION; SEPTEMBER 2002; NORTH-WESTERN; PRECIPITATION; EVENTS; SEA;
DATABASE
AB The Mediterranean countries are experiencing important challenges. related to the water cycle, including water shortages and floods, extreme winds, and ice/snow storms, that impact critically the socioeconomic vitality in the area (causing damage to property, threatening lives, affecting the energy and transportation sectors, etc.). There are gaps in our understanding of the Mediterranean water cycle and its dynamics that include the variability of the Mediterranean Sea water budget and its feedback on the variability of the continental precipitation through air-sea interactions, the impact of precipitation variability on aquifer recharge, river discharge, and soil water content and vegetation characteristics specific to the Mediterranean basin and the mechanisms that control the location and intensity of heavy precipitating systems that often produce floods. The Hydrological Cycle in Mediterranean Experiment (HyMeX) program is a 10-yr concerted experimental effort at the international level that aims to advance the scientific knowledge of the water cycle variability in all compartments (land, sea, and atmosphere) and at various time and spatial scales. It also aims to improve the processes-based models needed for forecasting hydrometeorological extremes and the models of the regional climate system for predicting regional climate variability and evolution. Finally, it aims to assess the social and economic vulnerability to hydrometeorological natural hazards in the Mediterranean and the adaptation capacity of the territories and populations therein to provide support to policy makers to cope with water-related problems under the influence of climate change, by linking scientific outcomes with related policy requirements.
C1 [Drobinski, P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, Lab Meteorol Dynam,UMR8539, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Drobinski, P.] Ecole Polytech, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Ducrocq, V.; Roussot, O.; Somot, S.] Meteo France, UMR3589, CNRM GAME, Toulouse, France.
[Ducrocq, V.; Roussot, O.; Somot, S.] CNRS, Toulouse, France.
[Alpert, P.] Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Anagnostou, E.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT USA.
[Beranger, K.] Ecole Natl Super Tech Avancees ParisTech, Palaiseau, France.
[Borga, M.] Univ Padua, Dept Land Environm Agr & Forestry, Padua, Italy.
[Braud, I.] IRSTEA, Hydrol Hydraul Res Grp, Villeurbanne, France.
[Chanzy, A.] INRA, Environm Mediterraneen & Modelisat AgroHydrosyst, Avignon, France.
[Davolio, S.] CNR ISAC, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Bologna, Italy.
[Delrieu, G.; Ruin, I.] Lab Etud Transferts Hydrol & Environm, Grenoble, France.
[Estournel, C.; Richard, E.] Lab Aerol, Toulouse, France.
[Boubrahmi, N. Filali] Direct Meteorol Natl, Ctr Natl Rech Meteorol, Casablanca, Morocco.
[Font, J.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
[Grubisic, V.; Rotunno, R.] NCAR, Boulder, CO USA.
[Grubisic, V.] Univ Vienna, Dept Phys & Meteorol, Vienna, Austria.
[Gualdi, S.] Ctr Euromediterraneo Cambiamenti Climat, Bologna, Italy.
[Gualdi, S.] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Bologna, Italy.
[Homar, V.; Romero, R.] Univ Illes Balears, Palma De Mallorca, Spain.
[Ivancan-Picek, B.] Meteorol & Hydrol Serv DHMZ, Zagreb, Croatia.
[Kottmeier, C.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res IMK, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Kotroni, V.; Lagouvardos, K.] Natl Observ Athens, Inst Environm Res & Sustainable Dev, Athens, Greece.
[Lionello, P.] Univ Salento, Dept Sci & Technol Biol & Environm, Lecce, Italy.
[Lionello, P.] CMCC, Lecce, Italy.
[Llasat, M. C.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Astron & Meteorol, Barcelona, Spain.
[Ludwig, W.] Ctr Format & Rech Environm Mediterraneens, Perpignan, France.
[Lutoff, C.] PACTE, Grenoble, France.
[Mariotti, A.] NOAA, Climate Program Off, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Taupier-Letage, I.] Univ Aix Marseille, CNRS UMR 7294, AMU, Mediterranean Inst Oceanog, Marseille, France.
[Tintore, J.] Inst Mediterraneo Estudios Avanzados CSIC UIB, Esporles, Spain.
[Tintore, J.] Balear Isl Coastal Observing & Forecasting Syst, Esporles, Spain.
[Uijlenhoet, R.] Wageningen Univ, Hydrol & Quantitat Water Management Grp, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Wernli, H.] ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Drobinski, P (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, Lab Meteorol Dynam, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, Route Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
EM philippe.drobinski@lmd.polytechnique.fr
RI Borga, Marco/C-6697-2014; Homar Santaner, Victor/K-2678-2014; Font,
Jordi/E-5355-2013; Kotroni, Vassiliki/D-5336-2014; Lagouvardos,
Konstantinos/D-5683-2014; Gualdi, Silvio/F-3061-2015; Wernli,
Heini/F-1099-2016; davolio, silvio/C-8425-2017;
OI Somot, Samuel/0000-0002-5066-2921; Uijlenhoet,
Remko/0000-0001-7418-4445; Borga, Marco/0000-0003-3435-2779; Homar
Santaner, Victor/0000-0003-1459-2003; Font, Jordi/0000-0003-2590-1457;
Gualdi, Silvio/0000-0001-7777-8935; Wernli, Heini/0000-0001-9674-4837;
davolio, silvio/0000-0001-8704-1814; lionello, piero/0000-0002-0779-5681
FU CNRS; Meteo-France; CNES; IRSTEA; INRA; ANR; Collectivite Territoriale
de Gorse; KIT; CNR; Universite de Toulouse; Grenoble Universites;
EUMETSAT; EUMETNET; AEMet; Universite Blaise Pascal, Clermont Ferrand;
Universite de la Mediterranee (Aix-Marseille II); Universite Montpellier
2; CETEMPS; Italian Civil Protection Department; Universite Paris-Sud
11; IGN; EPFL; NASA; New Mexico Tech; IFSTTAR; Mercator Ocean; NOAA;
ENEA; TU Delft; CEA; ONERA; IMEDEA; SOCIB; ETH; MeteoCat; Consorzio
LAMMA; IRD; National Observatory of Athens; Ministerio de Ciencia e
Innovacion; CIMA; BRGM; Wageningen University and Research Center;
Department of Geophysics, University of Zagreb; Institute of
Oceanography and, Fisheries, Split, Croatia; INGV; OGS; Maroc Meteo;
DHMZ; ARPA Piemonte; ARPA-SIMC Emilia-Romagna; ARPA Calabria; ARPA
Friuli Venezia Giulia; ARPA Liguria; ISPRA; University of Connecticut;
Universita degli Studi dell'Aquila; Universita di Bologna; Universita
degli Studi di Torino; Universita degli Studi della Basilicata;
Universita La Sapienza di Roma; Universita degli Studi di Padova;
Universita del Salento; Universitat de Barcelona; Universitat de les
Illes Balears; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; Universidad
Complutense de Madrid; MeteoSwiss; DLR; European Community
FX HyMeX was developed by an international group of scientists and is
currently funded by a large number of agencies. It has been the
beneficiary of financial contributions from CNRS; Meteo-France; CNES;
IRSTEA; INRA; ANR; Collectivite Territoriale de Gorse; KIT; CNR;
Universite de Toulouse; Grenoble Universites; EUMETSAT; EUMETNET; AEMet;
Universite Blaise Pascal, Clermont Ferrand; Universite de la
Mediterranee (Aix-Marseille II); Universite Montpellier 2; CETEMPS;
Italian Civil Protection Department; Universite Paris-Sud 11; IGN; EPFL;
NASA; New Mexico Tech; IFSTTAR; Mercator Ocean; NOAA; ENEA; TU Delft;
CEA; ONERA; IMEDEA; SOCIB; ETH; MeteoCat; Consorzio LAMMA; IRD; National
Observatory of Athens; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion; CIMA; BRGM;
Wageningen University and Research Center; Department of Geophysics,
University of Zagreb; Institute of Oceanography and, Fisheries, Split,
Croatia; INGV; OGS; Maroc Meteo; DHMZ; ARPA Piemonte; ARPA-SIMC
Emilia-Romagna; ARPA Calabria; ARPA Friuli Venezia Giulia; ARPA Liguria;
ISPRA; University of Connecticut; Universita degli Studi dell'Aquila;
Universita di Bologna; Universita degli Studi di Torino; Universita
degli Studi della Basilicata; Universita La Sapienza di Roma; Universita
degli Studi di Padova; Universita del Salento; Universitat de Barcelona;
Universitat de les Illes Balears; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha;
Universidad Complutense de Madrid; MeteoSwiss; and DLR. It also received
support from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (e.g.,
PERSEUS, CLIM-RUN).
NR 89
TC 106
Z9 106
U1 6
U2 52
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 7
BP 1063
EP 1082
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00242.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AO0ED
UT WOS:000340981000014
ER
PT J
AU Ducrocq, V
Braud, I
Davolio, S
Ferretti, R
Flamant, C
Jansa, A
Kalthoff, N
Richard, E
Taupier-Letage, I
Ayral, PA
Belamari, S
Berne, A
Borga, M
Boudevillain, B
Bock, O
Boichard, JL
Bouin, MN
Bousquet, O
Bouvier, C
Chiggiato, J
Cimini, D
Corsmeier, U
Coppola, L
Cocquerez, P
Defer, E
Delanoe, J
Di Girolamo, P
Doerenbecher, A
Drobinski, P
Dufournet, Y
Fourrie, N
Gourley, JJ
Labatut, L
Lambert, D
Le Coz, J
Marzano, FS
Molinie, G
Montani, A
Nord, G
Nuret, M
Ramage, K
Rison, W
Roussot, O
Said, F
Schwarzenboeck, A
Testor, P
Van Baelen, J
Vincendon, B
Aran, M
Tamayo, J
AF Ducrocq, Veronique
Braud, Isabelle
Davolio, Silvio
Ferretti, Rossella
Flamant, Cyrille
Jansa, Agustin
Kalthoff, Norbert
Richard, Evelyne
Taupier-Letage, Isabelle
Ayral, Pierre-Alain
Belamari, Sophie
Berne, Alexis
Borga, Marco
Boudevillain, Brice
Bock, Olivier
Boichard, Jean-Luc
Bouin, Marie-Noelle
Bousquet, Olivier
Bouvier, Christophe
Chiggiato, Jacopo
Cimini, Domenico
Corsmeier, Ulrich
Coppola, Laurent
Cocquerez, Philippe
Defer, Eric
Delanoe, Julien
Di Girolamo, Paolo
Doerenbecher, Alexis
Drobinski, Philippe
Dufournet, Yann
Fourrie, Nadia
Gourley, Jonathan J.
Labatut, Laurent
Lambert, Dominique
Le Coz, Jerome
Marzano, Frank S.
Molinie, Gilles
Montani, Andrea
Nord, Guillaume
Nuret, Mathieu
Ramage, Karim
Rison, William
Roussot, Odile
Said, Frederique
Schwarzenboeck, Alfons
Testor, Pierre
Van Baelen, Joel
Vincendon, Beatrice
Aran, Montserrat
Tamayo, Jorge
TI HYMEX-SOPI The Field Campaign Dedicated to Heavy Precipitation and Flash
Flooding in the Northwestern Mediterranean
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID STATIONARY CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; SOUTHERN FRANCE;
PIEDMONT FLOOD; MOUNTAIN RIDGE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SEPTEMBER 2002; EVENTS;
RAINFALL; IMPACT
AB The Mediterranean region is frequently affected by heavy precipitation events associated with flash floods, landslides, and mudslides that cause hundreds of millions of euros in damages per year and, often, casualties. A major field campaign was devoted to heavy precipitation and flash floods from 5 September to 6 November 2012 within the framework of the 10-yr international Hydrological Cycle in the Mediterranean Experiment (HyMeX) dedicated to the hydrological cycle and related high-impact events. The 2-month field campaign took place over the northwestern Mediterranean Sea and its surrounding coastal regions in France, Italy, and Spain. The observation strategy of the field experiment was devised to improve. knowledge of the following key components leading to heavy precipitation and flash flooding in the region: 1) the marine atmospheric flows that transport moist and conditionally unstable air toward the coasts, 2) the Mediterranean Sea acting as a moisture and energy source, 3) the dynamics and microphysics of the convective systems producing heavy precipitation, and 4) the hydrological processes during flash floods. This article provides the rationale for developing this first HyMeX field experiment and an overview of its design and execution. Highlights of some intensive observation periods illustrate the potential of the unique datasets collected for process understanding, model improvement, and data assimilation.
C1 [Ducrocq, Veronique; Belamari, Sophie; Bousquet, Olivier; Doerenbecher, Alexis; Fourrie, Nadia; Labatut, Laurent; Nuret, Mathieu; Roussot, Odile; Vincendon, Beatrice] Meteo France, CNRS, CNRM GAME, F-31057 Toulouse, France.
[Braud, Isabelle; Le Coz, Jerome] IRSTEA, UR HHLY Unite Rech Hydrol Hydraul, Lyon, France.
[Davolio, Silvio] CNR ISAC, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Bologna, Italy.
[Ferretti, Rossella] Univ Aquila, CETEMPS, Dept Phys Sci & Chem, I-67100 Laquila, Italy.
[Flamant, Cyrille; Delanoe, Julien] UMR 8190 CNRS UVSQ UPMC, LATMOS, Guyancourt, France.
[Jansa, Agustin; Tamayo, Jorge] Agencia Estatal Meteorol, Madrid, Spain.
[Kalthoff, Norbert; Corsmeier, Ulrich] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IMK TRO, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Richard, Evelyne; Lambert, Dominique; Said, Frederique] Univ Toulouse, Lab Aerol, CNRS 5560, Toulouse, France.
[Taupier-Letage, Isabelle] Univ Aix Marseille,USTV, IRD UMR 235, CNRS UMR 7294, MIO,AMU UM110, Marseille, France.
[Ayral, Pierre-Alain] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Ecole Mines Ales, Nice, France.
[Ayral, Pierre-Alain] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, UMR ESPACE CNRS 7300, Nice, France.
[Berne, Alexis] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Environm Remote Sensing Lab, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Borga, Marco] Univ Padua, Dept Land Environm Agr & Forestry, I-35100 Padua, Italy.
[Boudevillain, Brice; Molinie, Gilles; Nord, Guillaume] Univ Grenoble, IRD, LTHE UMR CNRS 5564, Grenoble, France.
[Bock, Olivier] IGN, Lab Rech Geodesie LAREG, Marne La Vallee, France.
[Boichard, Jean-Luc] Observ Midipyrenees, Toulouse, France.
[Bouin, Marie-Noelle] Meteo France, CMM, CNRM, Brest, France.
[Bouvier, Christophe] Hydrosci Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
[Chiggiato, Jacopo] CNR ISMAR, Venice, Italy.
[Cimini, Domenico] CNR IMAA, Potenza, Italy.
[Coppola, Laurent] Observ Oceanol Villefranche Sur Mer, Villefranche Sur Mer, France.
[Cocquerez, Philippe] Ctr Natl Etud Spatiales, F-31055 Toulouse, France.
[Defer, Eric] Observ Paris, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Di Girolamo, Paolo] Univ Basilicata, Scuola Ingn, I-85100 Potenza, Italy.
[Drobinski, Philippe] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, ISPL, LMD, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Dufournet, Yann] Delft Univ Technol, Climate Inst, NL-2600 AA Delft, Netherlands.
[Gourley, Jonathan J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Marzano, Frank S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, DIET, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Marzano, Frank S.] Univ Aquila, Dept Phys Sci & Chem, CETEMPS, I-67100 Laquila, Italy.
[Montani, Andrea] ARPA SIMC, Bologna, Italy.
[Ramage, Karim] IPSL, Palaiseau, France.
[Rison, William] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM USA.
[Schwarzenboeck, Alfons; Van Baelen, Joel] UBP, UMR6016, Lab Meteorol Phys LaMP, Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Schwarzenboeck, Alfons; Van Baelen, Joel] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Photochim Mol & Macromol Lab, CNRS, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Testor, Pierre] IPSL, LOCEAN, Paris, France.
[Aran, Montserrat] SMC, Barcelona, Spain.
RP Ducrocq, V (reprint author), Meteo France, CNRS, CNRM GAME, UMR3589, 42 Av Coriolis, F-31057 Toulouse, France.
EM veronique.ducrocq@meteo.fr
RI Borga, Marco/C-6697-2014; Testor, Pierre/M-4564-2014; Cimini,
Domenico/M-8707-2013; CNR, Ismar/P-1247-2014; Bouin,
Marie-Noelle/P-9236-2015; Gourley, Jonathan/C-7929-2016; davolio,
silvio/C-8425-2017
OI Borga, Marco/0000-0003-3435-2779; Cimini, Domenico/0000-0002-5962-223X;
CNR, Ismar/0000-0001-5351-1486; Bouin, Marie-Noelle/0000-0002-0437-6561;
Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755; davolio,
silvio/0000-0001-8704-1814
FU CNRS; Meteo-France; CNES; IRSTEA; INRA; IRD; IFSTTAR; IFREMER; IGN; CEA;
ONERA; Mercator-Ocean; Meteorage; University of Aix-Marseille;
University of Avignon; University of Clermont-Ferrand; University of
Corse; University of Grenoble; University of Littoral Cote d'Opale;
University of Montpellier; University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis;
University of Perpignan; University of Pierre et Marie Curie; University
of Polynesie Francaise; University of Sud Toulon-Var; University of
Toulouse; University of Versailles-Saint Quentin; Mines d'Ales School;
Grenoble Institut of Technology; ENSTA; Collectivite Territoriale de
Corse; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); DLR; GFZ Potsdam; TU
Braunschweig; CNR; University of L'Aquila; University of Padova;
University of Roma-Sapienza; ARPA SIMC; ARPA Piemonte; ARPAV; ARPA
Friuli Venezia Giulia; OSMER; ISPRA; Italian Civil Protection
Department; CIMA; ENEA; LaMMA; AEMET; IMEDEA; EUSKALMET; University of
Barcelona; University of Balearic Islands; SMC; NASA; New Mexico Tech
(NMT); NOAA; University of Connecticut; EPFL; ETH; University of Delft;
University of Wageningen; OVE; Vienna University; NOA; DHZ; EUMETNET;
EUCLID; EUMETSAT; MISTRALS/HyMeX; CSTB-BAMED; CPER-FEDER CORSiCA;
EUCOS-DTS-HyMeX; EU-FP7 EUROFLEETS; EU-FP7 PERSEUS; EU-FP7 DRIHM;
[ANR-2011-BS56-027 FLOODSCALE]; [ANR-11-BS56-0005 IODA-MED]
FX Although the authorship of this overview paper is significant, more
scientists contributed to it and many more were involved in the field
campaign: all deserve our grateful thanks. A special mention is due for
the ten Meteo-France forecasters-C. Calas, E. Chabot, J. Cremoux, A.-C.
Fontan, L. Goulet, M. Kreitz, J.-M. Poulet, B. Roulet, F. Saix, and F.
Vaysse-and for the forecasters of the secondary operations centers,
without whose forecasting support the success of the field campaign
would have not been possible. HyMeX SOP1 was supported by CNRS,
Meteo-France, CNES, IRSTEA, and INRA through the large interdisciplinary
international program MISTRALS (Mediterranean Integrated Studies at
Regional and Local Scales) dedicated to the understanding of the
Mediterranean Basin environmental process (www.mistralshome.org), as
well as by, in France, IRD, IFSTTAR, IFREMER, IGN, CEA, ONERA,
Mercator-Ocean, Meteorage, the Universities of Aix-Marseille, Avignon,
Clermont-Ferrand, Corse, Grenoble, Littoral Cote d'Opale, Montpellier,
Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Perpignan, Pierre et Marie Curie, Polynesie
Francaise, Sud Toulon-Var, Toulouse, and Versailles-Saint Quentin, Mines
d'Ales School, Grenoble Institut of Technology, ENSTA, and Collectivite
Territoriale de Corse; in Germany, the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
(KIT), DLR, GFZ Potsdam, and TU Braunschweig; in Italy, CNR, the
Universities of L'Aquila, Padova, and Roma-Sapienza, many regional
services (ARPA SIMC, ARPA Piemonte, ARPAV, ARPA Friuli Venezia Giulia,
and OSMER, among others), ISPRA, the Italian Civil Protection
Department, CIMA, ENEA, and LaMMA; in Spain, AEMET, IMEDEA, EUSKALMET,
the Universities of Barcelona and the Balearic Islands; and SMC; in the
United States, NASA, New Mexico Tech (NMT), NOAA, and the University of
Connecticut; in Switzerland, EPFL and ETH; in the Netherlands, the
Universities of Delft and Wageningen; in Austria, OVE and Vienna
University; in Greece, NOA; in Croatia, DHZ; and by the following
European agencies: EUMETNET, EUCLID, and EUMETSAT.; The field campaign
was sponsored by Grants MISTRALS/HyMeX, ANR-2011-BS56-027 FLOODSCALE,
ANR-11-BS56-0005 IODA-MED, CSTB-BAMED, CPER-FEDER CORSiCA,
EUCOS-DTS-HyMeX, EU-FP7 EUROFLEETS, EU-FP7 PERSEUS, and EU-FP7 DRIHM.
NR 55
TC 96
Z9 96
U1 3
U2 29
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 7
BP 1083
EP +
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00244.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AO0ED
UT WOS:000340981000015
ER
PT J
AU Ding, C
Gong, X
Man, HY
Zhi, GX
Guo, SL
Zhao, Y
Wang, HD
Chen, B
Ning, FL
AF Ding, Cui
Gong, Xin
Man, Huiyuan
Zhi, Guoxiang
Guo, Shengli
Zhao, Yang
Wang, Hangdong
Chen, Bin
Ning, F. L.
TI The suppression of Curie temperature by Sr doping in diluted
ferromagnetic semiconductor (La1-xSrx) (Zn1-yMny) AsO
SO EPL
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; PN
AB (La1-xSrx) (Zn1-yMny) AsO is a two-dimensional diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor that has the advantage of decoupled charge and spin doping. The substitution of Sr2+ for La3+ and Mn2+ for Zn2+ into the parent semiconductor LaZnAsO introduces hole carriers and spins, respectively. This advantage enables us to investigate the influence of carrier doping on the ferromagnetic ordered state through the control of Sr concentrations in (La1-xSrx) (Zn0.9Mn0.1) AsO. 10% Sr doping results in a ferromagnetic ordering below T-C similar to 30 K. Increasing Sr concentration up to 30% heavily suppresses the Curie temperature and saturation moments. Neutron scattering measurements indicate that no structural transition occurs for (La0.9Sr0.1) (Zn0.9Mn0.1) AsO below 300 K. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2014
C1 [Ding, Cui; Gong, Xin; Man, Huiyuan; Zhi, Guoxiang; Guo, Shengli; Ning, F. L.] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Phys, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Yang] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhao, Yang] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Wang, Hangdong; Chen, Bin] Hangzhou Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
RP Ding, C (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Dept Phys, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
EM ningfl@zju.edu.cn
RI Man, Huiyuan/K-9747-2013
OI Man, Huiyuan/0000-0002-6594-2651
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB921203, 2011CBA00103];
NSF of China [11274268]
FX The work at Zhejiang was supported by the National Basic Research
Program of China (No. 2014CB921203, 2011CBA00103), NSF of China (No.
11274268). FLN acknowledges helpful discussions with I. MAZIN, I. ZUTIC,
Y. J. UEMURA and C. Q. JIN.
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 6
PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI MULHOUSE
PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
EI 1286-4854
J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT
JI EPL
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 107
IS 1
AR 17004
DI 10.1209/0295-5075/107/17004
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AN7EB
UT WOS:000340760500028
ER
PT J
AU Miskowiec, A
Buck, ZN
Brown, MC
Kaiser, H
Hansen, FY
King, GM
Taub, H
Jiji, R
Cooley, JW
Tyagi, M
Diallo, SO
Mamontov, E
Herwig, KW
AF Miskowiec, A.
Buck, Z. N.
Brown, M. C.
Kaiser, H.
Hansen, F. Y.
King, G. M.
Taub, H.
Jiji, R.
Cooley, J. W.
Tyagi, M.
Diallo, S. O.
Mamontov, E.
Herwig, K. W.
TI On the freezing behavior and diffusion of water in proximity to
single-supported zwitterionic and anionic bilayer lipid membranes
SO EPL
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DEUTERON MAGNETIC-RESONANCE;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HYDRATION; STATE; NMR
AB We compare the freezing/melting behavior of water hydrating single-supported bilayers of a zwitterionic lipid DMPC with that of an anionic lipid DMPG. For both membranes, the temperature dependence of the elastically scattered neutron intensity indicates distinct water types undergoing translational diffusion: bulk-like water probably located above the membrane and two types of confined water closer to the lipid head groups. The membranes differ in the greater width Delta T of the water freezing transition near the anionic DMPG bilayer (Delta T similar to 70 K) compared to zwitterionic DMPC (Delta T similar to 20 K) as well as in the abruptness of the freezing/melting transitions of the bulk-like water. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2014
C1 [Miskowiec, A.; Buck, Z. N.; Kaiser, H.; King, G. M.; Taub, H.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Miskowiec, A.; Buck, Z. N.; Kaiser, H.; King, G. M.; Taub, H.] Univ Missouri, Univ Missouri Res Reactor, Columbia, MO USA.
[Brown, M. C.; Jiji, R.; Cooley, J. W.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Hansen, F. Y.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Chem, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
[Tyagi, M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tyagi, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Diallo, S. O.; Mamontov, E.; Herwig, K. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Taub, H (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM taubh@missouri.edu
RI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/M-4693-2014; Mamontov, Eugene/Q-1003-2015; Diallo,
Souleymane/B-3111-2016;
OI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/0000-0002-4364-7176; Mamontov,
Eugene/0000-0002-5684-2675; Diallo, Souleymane/0000-0002-3369-8391;
JiJi, Renee/0000-0003-0399-4648
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DMR-0705974, DGE-1069091]; NSF
[DMR-0454672]; Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy
FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under
Grant Nos. DMR-0705974 and DGE-1069091 and utilized facilities supported
in part by the NSF under agreement No. DMR-0454672. A portion of this
research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source
was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. We thank Dan A.
NEUMANN and IOAN KOSZTIN for helpful discussions.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 13
PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI MULHOUSE
PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
EI 1286-4854
J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT
JI EPL
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 107
IS 2
AR 28008
DI 10.1209/0295-5075/107/28008
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AN7KX
UT WOS:000340779900035
ER
PT J
AU Dennis, T
Schlager, JB
Bertness, KA
AF Dennis, Tasshi
Schlager, John B.
Bertness, Kris A.
TI A Novel Solar Simulator Based on a Supercontinuum Laser for Solar Cell
Device and Materials Characterization
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS
LA English
DT Article
DE External quantum efficiency (EQE); metrology; microscopy; multijunction;
optical-beam-induced current; photovoltaic; responsivity; solar cell;
solar simulator; spectral mismatch; supercontinuum laser
AB The design, operation, and application of a novel solar simulator based on a high-power supercontinuum fiber laser are described. The simulator features a multisun irradiance with continuous spectral coverage from the visible to the infrared. By use of a prism-based spectral shaper, the simulator can be matched to any desired spectral profile, including the ASTM G-173-03 air-mass 1.5 reference spectrum. The simulator was used to measure the efficiency of gallium arsenide (GaAs), crystalline silicon (Si), amorphous Si, and copper-indium-gallium-selenide (CIGS) thin-film solar cells, showing agreement with independent measurements. The pulsed temporal characteristic of the simulator was studied and would appear to have a negligible influence on measured cell efficiency. The simulator light was focused to a spot of approximately 8 mu m in diameter and used to create micrometer-scale spatial maps of full spectrum optical-beam-induced current. Microscopic details such as grid lines, damage spots, and material variations were selectively excited and resolved on GaAs and CIGS cells. The spectral shaping capabilities were used to create output spectra appropriate for selectively light-biasing multijunction cell layers. The simulator was used to create variable blue-rich and red-rich spectra that were applied to a GaInP/GaAs tandem solar cell to illustrate the current-limiting behavior.
C1 [Dennis, Tasshi; Schlager, John B.; Bertness, Kris A.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Dennis, T (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM tasshi@nist.gov; john.schlager@nist.gov; bertness@boulder.nist.gov
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 28
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 2156-3381
J9 IEEE J PHOTOVOLT
JI IEEE J. Photovolt.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 4
BP 1119
EP 1127
DI 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2014.2321659
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA AN8FA
UT WOS:000340837500017
ER
PT J
AU Ballard, JB
Owen, JHG
Owen, W
Alexander, JR
Fuchs, E
Randall, JN
Von Ehr, JR
McDonnell, S
Dick, DD
Wallace, RM
Chabal, YJ
Bischof, MR
Jaeger, DL
Reidy, RF
Fu, J
Namboodiri, P
Li, K
Silver, RM
AF Ballard, Joshua B.
Owen, James H. G.
Owen, William
Alexander, Justin R.
Fuchs, Ehud
Randall, John N.
Von Ehr, James R.
McDonnell, Stephen
Dick, Don D.
Wallace, Robert M.
Chabal, Yves J.
Bischof, Maia R.
Jaeger, David L.
Reidy, Richard F.
Fu, Joseph
Namboodiri, Pradeep
Li, Kai
Silver, Richard M.
TI Pattern transfer of hydrogen depassivation lithography patterns into
silicon with atomically traceable placement and size control
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; LAYER DEPOSITION; SURFACE; DESORPTION;
METROLOGY; SYSTEMS; GATE; SEM
AB Reducing the scale of etched nanostructures below the 10 nm range eventually will require an atomic scale understanding of the masks being used in order to maintain exquisite control over both feature size and feature density. Here, the authors demonstrate a method for tracking atomically resolved and controlled structures from initial template definition through final nanostructure metrology, opening up a pathway for top-down atomic control over nanofabrication. First, hydrogen depassivation lithography is performed on hydrogen terminated Si(100) using a scanning tunneling microscope, which spatially defined chemically reactive regions. Next, atomic layer deposition of titanium dioxide produces an etch-resistant hard mask pattern on these regions. Reactive ion etching then transfers the mask pattern onto Si with pattern height of 17 nm, critical dimension of approximately 6 nm, and full-pitch down to 13 nm. The effects of linewidth, template atomic defect density, and line-edge roughness are examined in the context of controlling fabrication with arbitrary feature control, suggesting a possible critical dimension down to 2 nm on 10 nm tall features. A metrology standard is demonstrated, where the atomically resolved mask template is used to determine the size of a nanofabricated sample showing a route to image correction. (C) 2014 American Vacuum Society.
C1 [Ballard, Joshua B.; Owen, James H. G.; Owen, William; Alexander, Justin R.; Fuchs, Ehud; Randall, John N.; Von Ehr, James R.] Zyvex Labs, Richardson, TX 75081 USA.
[McDonnell, Stephen; Dick, Don D.; Wallace, Robert M.; Chabal, Yves J.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Nat Sci & Engn Lab, Richardson, TX 75080 USA.
[McDonnell, Stephen; Dick, Don D.; Wallace, Robert M.; Chabal, Yves J.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75080 USA.
[Bischof, Maia R.; Jaeger, David L.; Reidy, Richard F.] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Fu, Joseph; Namboodiri, Pradeep; Li, Kai; Silver, Richard M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ballard, JB (reprint author), Zyvex Labs, 1301 North Plano Rd, Richardson, TX 75081 USA.
EM jballard@zyvexlabs.com
RI McDonnell, Stephen/E-1868-2011; Li, Kai/J-5494-2015; Wallace,
Robert/A-5283-2008
OI McDonnell, Stephen/0000-0001-9173-2060; Wallace,
Robert/0000-0001-5566-4806
FU DARPA [N66001-08-C-2040]; Emerging Technology Fund of the State of Texas
FX This work was supported by a Contract from DARPA (N66001-08-C-2040) and
by a grant from the Emerging Technology Fund of the State of Texas.
Certain equipment and materials are described in this article in order
to specify clearly the experimental procedures used. In no case does
this imply a recommendation by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology or that the equipment or materials are necessarily the best
available for the purpose.
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 12
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 32
IS 4
AR 041804
DI 10.1116/1.4890484
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA AO2RP
UT WOS:000341173200027
ER
PT J
AU Gohad, NV
Aldred, N
Hartshorn, CM
Lee, YJ
Cicerone, MT
Orihuela, B
Clare, AS
Rittschof, D
Mount, AS
AF Gohad, Neeraj V.
Aldred, Nick
Hartshorn, Christopher M.
Lee, Young Jong
Cicerone, Marcus T.
Orihuela, Beatriz
Clare, Anthony S.
Rittschof, Dan
Mount, Andrew S.
TI Synergistic roles for lipids and proteins in the permanent adhesive of
barnacle larvae
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID STOKES-RAMAN SCATTERING; RESISTANT MARINE COATINGS; BALANUS-AMPHITRITE;
CARS MICROSCOPY; IN-SITU; CEMENT; NORADRENALINE; SPECTROSCOPY;
BALANOIDES; EXOCYTOSIS
AB Thoracian barnacles rely heavily upon their ability to adhere to surfaces and are environmentally and economically important as biofouling pests. Their adhesives have unique attributes that define them as targets for bio-inspired adhesive development. With the aid of multi-photon and broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopies, we report that the larval adhesive of barnacle cyprids is a bi-phasic system containing lipids and phosphoproteins, working synergistically to maximize adhesion to diverse surfaces under hostile conditions. Lipids, secreted first, possibly displace water from the surface interface creating a conducive environment for introduction of phosphoproteins while simultaneously modulating the spreading of the protein phase and protecting the nascent adhesive plaque from bacterial biodegradation. The two distinct phases are contained within two different granules in the cyprid cement glands, implying far greater complexity than previously recognized. Knowledge of the lipidic contribution will hopefully inspire development of novel synthetic bioadhesives and environmentally benign antifouling coatings.
C1 [Gohad, Neeraj V.; Mount, Andrew S.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Aldred, Nick; Clare, Anthony S.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Hartshorn, Christopher M.; Lee, Young Jong; Cicerone, Marcus T.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Orihuela, Beatriz; Rittschof, Dan] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Gohad, NV (reprint author), Clemson Univ, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
EM ngohad@gmail.com
RI Lee, Young Jong/B-7129-2008; Aldred, Nick/H-7896-2012;
OI Lee, Young Jong/0000-0001-7754-3001; Clare, Anthony/0000-0002-7692-9583
FU US Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0183, N00014-11-1-0784,
N00014-08-1-1240, N00014-13-1-0634, N00014-13-1-0633, N00014-11-1-0180,
N00014-12-1-0365]; Office of Naval Research [N62909-11-1-4005]
FX Financial support is gratefully acknowledged from US Office of Naval
Research, Grant numbers N00014-11-1-0183 and N00014-11-1-0784 to N.V.G.
and A.S.M., N00014-08-1-1240 and N00014-13-1-0634 to A.S.C.,
N00014-13-1-0633 to A.S.C. and N.A., N00014-11-1-0180 and
N00014-12-1-0365 to D. R. and Office of Naval Research Global grant no.
N62909-11-1-4005 to N.A.
NR 54
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 10
U2 88
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 5
AR 4414
DI 10.1038/ncomms5414
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AN5IB
UT WOS:000340622900006
PM 25014570
ER
PT J
AU Carr, SM
Woods, SI
Jung, TM
Carter, AC
Datla, RU
AF Carr, S. M.
Woods, S. I.
Jung, T. M.
Carter, A. C.
Datla, R. U.
TI Experimental measurements and noise analysis of a cryogenic radiometer
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-TEMPERATURE DETECTORS; THERMAL AGITATION; TRANSITION; THERMOMETRY;
PERFORMANCE; PRINCIPLES; CONDUCTORS; STANDARD; PHYSICS
AB A cryogenic radiometer device, intended for use as part of an electrical-substitution radiometer, was measured at low temperature. The device consists of a receiver cavity mechanically and thermally connected to a temperature-controlled stage through a thin-walled polyimide tube which serves as a weak thermal link. With the temperature difference between the receiver and the stage measured in millikelvin and the electrical power measured in picowatts, the measured responsivity was 4700 K/mW and the measured thermal time constant was 14 s at a stage temperature of 1.885 K. Noise analysis in terms of Noise Equivalent Power (NEP) was used to quantify the various fundamental and technical noise contributions, including phonon noise and Johnson-Nyquist noise. The noise analysis clarifies the path toward a cryogenic radiometer with a noise floor limited by fundamental phonon noise, where the magnitude of the phonon NEP is 6.5 fW/root Hz for the measured experimental parameters.
C1 [Carr, S. M.; Woods, S. I.; Jung, T. M.; Carter, A. C.; Datla, R. U.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Carr, SM (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 7
AR 075105
DI 10.1063/1.4883191
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA AO2SQ
UT WOS:000341176600052
PM 25085171
ER
PT J
AU White, AE
Watkins-Brandt, KS
McKibben, SM
Wood, AM
Hunter, M
Forster, Z
Du, XN
Peterson, WT
AF White, Angelicque E.
Watkins-Brandt, Katie S.
McKibben, S. Morgaine
Wood, A. Michelle
Hunter, Matthew
Forster, Zach
Du, Xiuning
Peterson, William T.
TI Large-scale bloom of Akashiwo sanguinea in the Northern California
current system in 2009
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Akashiwo sanguinea; Cysts; Dinoglagellates; HABS; Harmful algal blooms;
Seabird mortality; Surf zone; Upwelling
ID HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; UPWELLING SYSTEMS; RED TIDE; COASTAL LAGOON;
PHYTOPLANKTON; OREGON; GROWTH; WATERS; USA
AB Significant seabird mortality on the Oregon (OR) and Washington (WA) coast in 2009 has been attributed to a massive bloom of the dinoflagellate Akashiwo sanguinea (K. Hirasaka) G. Hansen & O. Moestrup. Initial, albeit limited, observations suggested this bloom began in WA and reached OR waters through southward transport. Here, we explore a combination of remote sensing products and an exceptional latitudinal dataset of plankton counts collected in the surfzone and offshore in OR and WA coastal waters. Records of satellite ocean color for this period support the new finding that blooms were concurrent in OR and WA waters, with no evidence for latitudinal propagation as had been previously suggested. Plankton analyses further indicate that there was a rapid and synchronized increase of A. sanguinea between late August and mid-September of 2009 along wide swaths of the OR and WA coasts. Bloom onset occurred during a prolonged quiescent and warm period in late August-early September, near the end of the March-October upwelling phase. An upwelling event in October likely contributed to foam production through vertical mixing of A. sanguinea rich waters. Bloom intensity peaked earlier and at higher levels in WA waters as compared to OR with cell concentrations exceeding 1.5 x 10(6) cells L-1 (WA) and similar to 350,000 cells L-1 (OR). In OR samples, A. sanguinea cells comprised upwards of 90% of dinoflagellate cell counts and similar to 30% of total phytoplankton cells. At some locations, A. sanguinea persisted well into November-December of 2009, during which time satellite sea surface temperature records indicated anomalously warm surface waters (up to similar to 5 degrees C greater than climatological means). Taken together, the data reveal a HAB event of a magnitude unprecedented in over a decade of observations. We hypothesize that these blooms originated from either a cryptic cyst bed and/or a pelagic seed bank of viable vegetative cells. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [White, Angelicque E.; Watkins-Brandt, Katie S.; McKibben, S. Morgaine] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Wood, A. Michelle] Univ Oregon, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Hunter, Matthew] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Astoria, OR USA.
[Forster, Zach] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Willapa Bay Field Stn, Ocean Park, WA USA.
[Du, Xiuning; Peterson, William T.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Du, Xiuning; Peterson, William T.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP White, AE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 104 CEOAS Admin, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM awhite@coas.oregonstate.edu
FU NOAA [NA07NOS4780195, NA08NES4400013]
FX This study was supported by NOAA grant NA07NOS4780195 (to AW, MW and WP)
from the Monitoring and Event Response for Harmful Algal Blooms (MERHAB)
program and NA08NES4400013 to the Cooperative Institute for
Oceanographic Satellite Studies (CIOSS). We are grateful to Sharnelle
Fee, Director of the Wildlife Center of the North Coast and Roy W. Lowe,
Project Leader, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for sharing data and
experiences with seabird rehabilitation during this event along with all
of the volunteers who tirelessly collected birds for rehabilitation. We
also thank Nick Tufillaro for access to MERIS data and the Olympic
Region HAB Partnership for their collegiality and data sharing. [TS]
NR 45
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 37
BP 38
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2014.05.004
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AN1DM
UT WOS:000340322900005
ER
PT J
AU Lu, XM
Hu, YX
Trepte, C
Zeng, S
Churnside, JH
AF Lu, Xiaomei
Hu, Yongxiang
Trepte, Charles
Zeng, Shan
Churnside, James H.
TI Ocean subsurface studies with the CALIPSO spaceborne lidar
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATTENUATION COEFFICIENTS; OCEANOGRAPHIC LIDAR; SURFACE; WATER;
PERFORMANCE; INFORMATION; SCATTERING; ALTIMETRY; SIGNALS; TAIL
AB The primary objective of the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) mission is to study the climate impact of clouds and aerosols in the atmosphere. However, recent studies have demonstrated that CALIPSO also collects information about the ocean subsurface. The objective of this study is to estimate the ocean subsurface backscatter from CALIPSO lidar measurements. The effects of the lidar receiver's transient response on the attenuated backscatter were first removed in order to obtain the correct attenuated backscatter profile. The empirical relationship between sea surface lidar backscatter and wind speed was used to estimate the theoretical ocean surface backscatter. Then the two-way atmospheric transmittance was estimated as the ratio between the corrected ocean surface backscatter and the theoretical one. The ocean subsurface backscatter was finally derived from the subsurface attenuated backscatter divided by the two-way atmospheric transmittance. Significant relationships between integrated subsurface backscatter and chlorophyll-a concentration and between integrated subsurface backscatter and particulate organic carbon were found, which indicate a potential use of CALIPSO lidar to estimate global chlorophyll-a and particulate organic carbon concentrations.
C1 [Lu, Xiaomei; Zeng, Shan] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Postdoctoral Program, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Hu, Yongxiang; Trepte, Charles] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Climate Sci Branch, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Churnside, James H.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Hu, YX (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Climate Sci Branch, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
EM yongxiang.hu-1@nasa.gov
RI Hu, Yongxiang/K-4426-2012; Churnside, James/H-4873-2013; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
FU NASA
FX This research was supported by Xiaomei Lu's appointment to the NASA
Postdoctoral Program at the NASA Langley Research Center administered by
Oak Ridge Associated University through a contract with NASA. She also
thanks the Science Systems & Applications, Inc. (SSAI) in Hampton, VA
for providing the office space and computer support. We would like to
thank J. P. Matthews from Kyoto University and the anonymous reviewers
for their substantial comments and suggestions that led to the
improvement of this manuscript. CALIPSO data were obtained from NASA
Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center
(https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/HORDERBIN/HTML_Start.cgi). MODIS Aqua
chlorophyll-a and POC concentrations were provided by the NASA Ocean
Color Data Web (http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov). AMSR-E wind speed
products were obtained from National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC)
Earth-Observing System Data Pool
(ftp://n5eil01u.ecs.nsidc.org/SAN/AMSA/). The in situ diffuse
attenuation data were from the NASA SeaBASS archive
(http://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/).
NR 33
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 7
BP 4305
EP 4317
DI 10.1002/2014JC009970
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AN2LA
UT WOS:000340415500017
ER
PT J
AU Nagura, M
McPhaden, MJ
AF Nagura, Motoki
McPhaden, Michael J.
TI Zonal momentum budget along the equator in the Indian Ocean from a
high-resolution ocean general circulation model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID ROSSBY GRAVITY-WAVES; INTRASEASONAL VARIABILITY; SURFACE CURRENT;
CURRENTS; DYNAMICS; BOUNDARY; WIND; PACIFIC
AB This study examines the zonal momentum budget along the equator in the Indian Ocean in a high-resolution ocean general circulation model. Wyrtki Jets, wind-driven eastward flows in the upper 100 m that appear typically twice per year in boreal spring and fall, are a prominent feature of the ocean circulation in this region. Our results indicate that nonlinearity associated with these jets is an important element of the zonal momentum budget, with wind driven eastward momentum advected downward into the thermocline. This advection results in annually averaged zonal currents that flow against the zonal pressure gradient in the upper 200 m, such that there is no mean subsurface undercurrent in the Indian Ocean as there is in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Zonal momentum is further distributed along the equator by zonal advection, with eastward flow substantially enhanced in the eastern basin relative to the western basin. Meridional advection, though generally weak, tends to decelerate surface eastward flow along the equator. These results contrast with those from previous idealized wind-forced model experiments that primarily emphasized the importance of vertical momentum advection. Also, beyond semiannual period fluctuations, significant momentum advection results from a broad range of interacting processes, spanning intraseasonal to interannual time scales. We conclude that proper simulation of zonal flows along the equator in the Indian Ocean, including their climatically relevant impacts on the mass and heat balance, requires accurate representation of nonlinearities that derive from a broad range of time and space scales.
C1 [Nagura, Motoki] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Res Inst Global Change, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Nagura, M (reprint author), Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Res Inst Global Change, 2-15 Natsushimacho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
EM nagura@jamstec.go.jp
RI McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016
NR 59
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U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 7
BP 4444
EP 4461
DI 10.1002/2014JC009895
PG 18
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AN2LA
UT WOS:000340415500026
ER
PT J
AU Gaultier, L
Djath, B
Verron, J
Brankart, JM
Brasseur, P
Melet, A
AF Gaultier, Lucile
Djath, Bughsin'
Verron, Jacques
Brankart, Jean-Michel
Brasseur, Pierre
Melet, Angelique
TI Inversion of submesoscale patterns from a high-resolution Solomon Sea
model: Feasibility assessment
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID LAGRANGIAN COHERENT STRUCTURES; CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; TIME LYAPUNOV
EXPONENTS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; 2-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE; NORTH
PACIFIC; MESOSCALE; VARIABILITY; SPECTRA; ASSIMILATION
AB A high-resolution realistic numerical model of the Solomon Sea, which exhibits a high level of variability at mesoscales and submesoscales, is used to explore new avenues for data assimilation. Image data assimilation represents a powerful methodology to integrate information from high-resolution observations such as satellite sea surface temperature or chlorophyll, or high-resolution altimetric sea surface height that will be observed in the forthcoming SWOT mission. The present study investigates the feasibility and accuracy of the inversion of the dynamical submesoscale information contained in high-resolution images of sea surface temperature (SST) or salinity (SSS) to improve the estimation of oceanic surface currents. The inversion method is tested in the context of twin experiments, with SST and SSS data provided by a model of the Solomon Sea. For that purpose, synthetic tracer images are built by binarizing the norm of the gradient of SST, SSS or spiciness. The binarized tracer images are compared to the dynamical image which is derived from the Finite-Size Lyapunov Exponents. The adjustment of the dynamical image to the tracer image provides the optimal correction to be applied on the surface velocity field. The method is evaluated by comparing the result of the inversion to the reference model solution. The feasibility of the inversion of various images (SST, SSS, both SST and SSS or spiciness) is explored on two small areas of the Solomon Sea. We show that errors in the surface velocity field can be substantially reduced through the inversion of tracer images.
C1 [Gaultier, Lucile; Djath, Bughsin'; Verron, Jacques; Brankart, Jean-Michel; Brasseur, Pierre] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LGGE, Grenoble, France.
[Melet, Angelique] Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Gaultier, L (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LGGE, Grenoble, France.
EM lucile.gaultier@legi.grenoble-inp.fr
FU CNES (French Space Agency); CNRS (French National Research center)
FX This research has been conducted with the support of the CNES (French
Space Agency) and the CNRS (French National Research center). Numerical
simulations and inversions have been performed on IBM parallel
supercomputer at the French IDRIS/CNRS computing center.
NR 54
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U1 3
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 7
BP 4520
EP 4541
DI 10.1002/2013JC009660
PG 22
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AN2LA
UT WOS:000340415500031
ER
PT J
AU Hristova, HG
Kessler, WS
McWilliams, JC
Molemaker, MJ
AF Hristova, Hristina G.
Kessler, William S.
McWilliams, James C.
Molemaker, M. Jeroen
TI Mesoscale variability and its seasonality in the Solomon and Coral Seas
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; WESTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT;
SUBMESOSCALE TRANSITION; BOUNDARY CURRENT; CURRENT SYSTEM; ZONAL JETS;
CIRCULATION; OCEAN; SURFACE
AB High-resolution (4 km) climatologically forced ocean model, validated by altimetry and glider data, is used to characterize the vertical and seasonal variations of mesoscale variability in the Solomon and Coral Seas. The highest eddy kinetic energy (EKE) in the southwest Pacific is found subsurface in the Gulf of Papua, at the depth of the low-latitude western boundary current velocity core. Variability associated with the western boundary current, especially downstream of topographic obstacles, dominates the thermocline and intermediate level EKE. By contrast, surface EKE is generally enhanced in the southwest Pacific with a pronounced annual cycle that has a phase difference between small-scale and large-scale variability. Large mesoscale eddies account for most of the surface EKE and its annual modulation. The June maximum of surface EKE in the Solomon Sea and the December maximum in the Coral Sea can be accounted for by local instabilities of large-scale currents. Small mesoscale eddies, predominantly cyclonic, are abundant in late winter (August to September), coinciding with the timing of deepest mixed layer and strongest vertical velocity. They contribute to the spatially uniform surface-enhanced EKE over the top 100 m, not associated with the western boundary current. In the Coral Sea, small mesoscale eddies are generated mostly by open-ocean surface baroclinic instabilities, while in the land-bounded Solomon Sea near-boundary instabilities and topographic generation are also important.
C1 [Hristova, Hristina G.] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Hristova, Hristina G.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Hristova, Hristina G.; Kessler, William S.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[McWilliams, James C.; Molemaker, M. Jeroen] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Hristova, HG (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM hristina.hristova@noaa.gov
FU NASA [NA10OAR4320148, NA11NMF4320128]; ONR [N00014-12-1-0105,
N00014-12-1-0939]
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript.
We also thank the engineers of the Instrument Development Group at
Scripps for building, calibrating, and deploying the gliders in the
Solomon Sea. The altimeter products were produced by Ssalto/Duacs and
distributed by AVISO, with support from CNES
(http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com/duacs/). This work was cofunded by NASA
grants NA10OAR4320148 and NA11NMF4320128 and ONR grants N00014-12-1-0105
and N00014-12-1-0939. This is contribution 4095 from the NOAA/Pacific
Marine Environmental Laboratory, 2186 from JISAO, and 13-387 from JIMAR.
NR 46
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U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 7
BP 4669
EP 4687
DI 10.1002/2013JC009741
PG 19
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AN2LA
UT WOS:000340415500040
ER
PT J
AU Ni, BB
Li, W
Thorne, RM
Bortnik, J
Green, JC
Kletzing, CA
Kurth, WS
Hospodarsky, GB
Pich, MDS
AF Ni, Binbin
Li, Wen
Thorne, Richard M.
Bortnik, Jacob
Green, Janet C.
Kletzing, Craig A.
Kurth, William S.
Hospodarsky, George B.
Pich, Maria de Soria-Santacruz
TI A novel technique to construct the global distribution of whistler mode
chorus wave intensity using low-altitude POES electron data
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIATION-BELT ELECTRONS; PITCH-ANGLE DIFFUSION; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS;
RESONANT SCATTERING; LOCAL ACCELERATION; PRECIPITATION; HISS; DRIVEN
AB Although magnetospheric chorus plays a significant role in the acceleration and loss of radiation belt electrons, its global evolution during any specific time period cannot be directly obtained by spacecraft measurements. Using the low-altitude NOAA Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) electron data, we develop a novel physics-based methodology to infer the chorus wave intensity and construct its global distribution with a time resolution of less than an hour. We describe in detail how to apply the technique to satellite data by performing two representative analyses, i.e., (i) for one specific time point to visualize the estimation procedure and (ii) for a particular time period to validate the method and construct an illustrative global chorus wave model. We demonstrate that the spatiotemporal evolution of chorus intensity in the equatorial magnetosphere can be reasonably estimated from electron flux measurements made by multiple low-altitude POES satellites with a broad coverage of L shell and magnetic local time. Such a data-based, dynamic model of chorus waves can provide near-real-time wave information on a global scale for any time period where POES electron data are available. A combination of the chorus wave spatiotemporal distribution acquired using this methodology and the direct spaceborne wave measurements can be used to evaluate the quantitative scattering caused by resonant wave-particle interactions and thus model radiation belt electron variability.
C1 [Ni, Binbin] Wuhan Univ, Dept Space Phys, Sch Elect Informat, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
[Ni, Binbin; Li, Wen; Thorne, Richard M.; Bortnik, Jacob; Pich, Maria de Soria-Santacruz] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Green, Janet C.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Kletzing, Craig A.; Kurth, William S.; Hospodarsky, George B.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Ni, BB (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Dept Space Phys, Sch Elect Informat, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
EM bbni@whu.edu.cn
OI Kletzing, Craig/0000-0002-4136-3348; Kurth, William/0000-0002-5471-6202;
Hospodarsky, George/0000-0001-9200-9878
FU JHU/APL [967399, 921647]; JHU/APL under the NASA [NAS5-01072]; EMFISIS
[1001057397:01]; NASA [NNX11AD75G, NNX11AR64G, NNX12AD12G, NNX13AI61G];
NSFC [41204120]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
[2042014kf0251]
FX This work was supported by JHU/APL contracts 967399 and 921647 under the
NASA's prime contract NAS5-01072. The analysis at the UCLA was supported
by the EMFISIS subaward 1001057397:01, NASA grants NNX11AD75G and
NNX11AR64G, NNX12AD12G, and NNX13AI61G. B.N. also acknowledges the
support from the NSFC grant 41204120 and from the Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities grant 2042014kf0251. The POES data
were obtained from http://satdat.ngdc.noaa.gov/sem/poes/data/, and the
Van Allen Probes EMFISIS data were obtained from
https://emfisis.physics.uiowa.edu/data/index.
NR 65
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U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 7
BP 5685
EP 5699
DI 10.1002/2014JA019935
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AN4HT
UT WOS:000340549000040
ER
PT J
AU Chang, DE
Sinha, K
Taylor, JM
Kimble, HJ
AF Chang, D. E.
Sinha, K.
Taylor, J. M.
Kimble, H. J.
TI Trapping atoms using nanoscale quantum vacuum forces
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRACOLD ATOMS; SURFACE; TRAPS; LIGHT; NANOCAVITIES; WAVE
AB Quantum vacuum forces dictate the interaction between individual atoms and dielectric surfaces at nanoscale distances. For example, their large strengths typically overwhelm externally applied forces, which makes it challenging to controllably interface cold atoms with nearby nanophotonic systems. Here we theoretically show that it is possible to tailor the vacuum forces themselves to provide strong trapping potentials. Our proposed trapping scheme takes advantage of the attractive ground-state potential and adiabatic dressing with an excited state whose potential is engineered to be resonantly enhanced and repulsive. This procedure yields a strong metastable trap, with the fraction of excited-state population scaling inversely with the quality factor of the resonance of the dielectric structure. We analyse realistic limitations to the trap lifetime and discuss possible applications that might emerge from the large trap depths and nanoscale confinement.
C1 [Chang, D. E.] ICFO Inst Ciencies Foton, Barcelona 08860, Spain.
[Sinha, K.; Taylor, J. M.] Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Taylor, J. M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kimble, H. J.] CALTECH, IQIM, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Kimble, H. J.] CALTECH, Norman Bridge Lab Phys 12 33, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Chang, DE (reprint author), ICFO Inst Ciencies Foton, Mediterranean Technol Pk, Barcelona 08860, Spain.
EM darrick.chang@icfo.es
RI Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011
OI Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594
FU Fundacio Privada Cellex Barcelona; NSF Physics Frontier Center at the
JQI; US Army Research Office MURI award [W911NF0910406]; IQIM; Moore
Foundation; AFOSR QuMPASS MURI; DoD NSSEFF program; NSF [PHY-1205729]
FX We thank N. Stern and O. Painter for helpful discussions. D.E.C.
acknowledges support from Fundacio Privada Cellex Barcelona. K.S. was
funded by the NSF Physics Frontier Center at the JQI. J.M.T.
acknowledges funding from the NSF Physics Frontier Center at the JQI and
the US Army Research Office MURI award W911NF0910406. H.J.K.
acknowledges funding from the IQIM, an NSF Physics Frontier Center with
support of the Moore Foundation, by the AFOSR QuMPASS MURI, by the DoD
NSSEFF program, and by NSF PHY-1205729.
NR 49
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U1 3
U2 22
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 5
AR 4343
DI 10.1038/ncomms5343
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AN5FI
UT WOS:000340615500034
PM 25008119
ER
PT J
AU Saba, GK
Fraser, WR
Saba, VS
Iannuzzi, RA
Coleman, KE
Doney, SC
Ducklow, HW
Martinson, DG
Miles, TN
Patterson-Fraser, DL
Stammerjohn, SE
Steinberg, DK
Schofield, OM
AF Saba, Grace K.
Fraser, William R.
Saba, Vincent S.
Iannuzzi, Richard A.
Coleman, Kaycee E.
Doney, Scott C.
Ducklow, Hugh W.
Martinson, Douglas G.
Miles, Travis N.
Patterson-Fraser, Donna L.
Stammerjohn, Sharon E.
Steinberg, Deborah K.
Schofield, Oscar M.
TI Winter and spring controls on the summer food web of the coastal West
Antarctic Peninsula
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID KRILL EUPHAUSIA-SUPERBA; SOUTHERN ANNULAR MODE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SEA-ICE;
MARINE ECOSYSTEM; VARIABILITY; PHYTOPLANKTON; DISTRIBUTIONS; OCEAN;
RECRUITMENT
AB Understanding the mechanisms by which climate variability affects multiple trophic levels in food webs is essential for determining ecosystem responses to climate change. Here we use over two decades of data collected by the Palmer Long Term Ecological Research program (PAL-LTER) to determine how large-scale climate and local physical forcing affect phytoplankton, zooplankton and an apex predator along the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP). We show that positive anomalies in chlorophyll-a (chl-a) at Palmer Station, occurring every 4-6 years, are constrained by physical processes in the preceding winter/spring and a negative phase of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Favorable conditions for phytoplankton included increased winter ice extent and duration, reduced spring/summer winds, and increased water column stability via enhanced salinity-driven density gradients. Years of positive chl-a anomalies are associated with the initiation of a robust krill cohort the following summer, which is evident in Adelie penguin diets, thus demonstrating tight trophic coupling. Projected climate change in this region may have a significant, negative impact on phytoplankton biomass, krill recruitment and upper trophic level predators in this coastal Antarctic ecosystem.
C1 [Saba, Grace K.; Coleman, Kaycee E.; Miles, Travis N.; Schofield, Oscar M.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Fraser, William R.; Patterson-Fraser, Donna L.] Polar Oceans Res Grp, Sheridan, MT 59749 USA.
[Saba, Vincent S.] Princeton Univ, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm,Geophys Fluid Dynam La, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Iannuzzi, Richard A.; Ducklow, Hugh W.; Martinson, Douglas G.] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, New York, NY 10964 USA.
[Doney, Scott C.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Stammerjohn, Sharon E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Stammerjohn, Sharon E.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arct & Alpine Studies, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Steinberg, Deborah K.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
RP Saba, GK (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, 71 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM saba@marine.rutgers.edu
RI Miles, Travis/L-7918-2013; Doney, Scott/F-9247-2010
OI Miles, Travis/0000-0003-1992-0248; schofield, oscar/0000-0003-2359-4131;
STAMMERJOHN, SHARON/0000-0002-1697-8244; Coleman,
Kaycee/0000-0002-6935-2923; Doney, Scott/0000-0002-3683-2437
FU LTER Program of the US National Science Foundation [ANT-0823101]; NSF
[OPP-9011927, OPP-9632763, OPP-0217282]
FX We thank Raytheon Polar Services and Lockheed Martin, the captain and
crew of the R.V. Laurence M. Gould, and the Palmer Station crew for
field assistance. We also acknowledge the many current and former
PAL-LTER team members for their assistance with field sampling and
processing and analysing samples. We thank Simon Wright and Udi Zelzion
for assistance with CHEMTAX and data analysis, respectively. The
research was supported by the LTER Program of the US National Science
Foundation (ANT-0823101). Data from the PAL-LTER data repository were
supported by Office of Polar Programs, NSF Grants OPP-9011927,
OPP-9632763 and OPP-0217282.
NR 63
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U1 12
U2 101
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 5
AR 4318
DI 10.1038/ncomms5318
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AN5FI
UT WOS:000340615500009
PM 25000452
ER
PT J
AU Kieu, C
Minh, PT
Mai, HT
AF Chanh Kieu
Pham Thi Minh
Hoang Thi Mai
TI An Application of the Multi-Physics Ensemble Kalman Filter to Typhoon
Forecast
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE LETKF; ensemble data assimilation; multi-physics ensemble
ID SCALE DATA ASSIMILATION; MODEL ERRORS; SENSITIVITY; PRECIPITATION;
SCHEMES; PARAMETERIZATION; SIMULATIONS; SYSTEM; TESTS; NCEP
AB This study examines the roles of the multi-physics approach in accounting for model errors for typhoon forecasts with the local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF). Experiments with forecasts of Typhoon Conson (2010) using the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model show that use of the WRF's multiple physical parameterization schemes to represent the model uncertainties can help the LETKF provide better forecasts of Typhoon Conson in terms of the forecast errors, the ensemble spread, the root mean square errors, the cross-correlation between mass and wind field as well as the coherent structure of the ensemble spread along the storm center. Sensitivity experiments with the WRF model show that the optimum number of the multi-physics ensemble is roughly equal to the number of combinations of different physics schemes assigned in the multi-physics ensemble. Additional idealized experiments with the Lorenz 40-variable model to isolate the dual roles of the multi-physics ensemble in correcting model errors and expanding the local ensemble space show that the multi-physics approach appears to be more essential in augmenting the local rank representation of the LETKF algorithm rather than directly accounting for model errors during the early cycles. The results in this study suggest that the multi-physics approach is a good option for short-range forecast applications with full physics models in which the spinup of the ensemble Kalman filter may take too long for the ensemble spread to capture efficiently model errors and cross-correlations among model variables.
C1 [Chanh Kieu] Vietnam Natl Univ, Lab Weather & Climate Forecasting, Hanoi Coll Sci, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam.
[Pham Thi Minh; Hoang Thi Mai] Vietnam Natl Univ, Hanoi Coll Sci, Ctr Environm Fluid Dynam, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam.
[Chanh Kieu] NOAA NWS NCEP EMC, IM Syst Grp, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Kieu, C (reprint author), Vietnam Natl Univ, Lab Weather & Climate Forecasting, Hanoi Coll Sci, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam.
EM chanhkq@vnu.edu.vn
FU Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology Foundation
[DT.NCCB-DHUD.2011-G/10]
FX This research was supported by the Vietnam Ministry of Science and
Technology Foundation (DT.NCCB-DHUD.2011-G/10). We would like to thank
two anonymous reviewers for their very constructive comments and
suggestions, which helped improve the manuscript substantially.
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 7
BP 1473
EP 1497
DI 10.1007/s00024-013-0681-y
PG 25
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AN3IN
UT WOS:000340480700023
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, YQ
Derber, J
Collard, A
Dee, D
Treadon, R
Gayno, G
Jung, JA
AF Zhu, Yanqiu
Derber, John
Collard, Andrew
Dee, Dick
Treadon, Russ
Gayno, George
Jung, James A.
TI Enhanced radiance bias correction in the National Centers for
Environmental Prediction's Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation data
assimilation system
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE radiance bias correction; data assimilation; GSI
ID RECURSIVE FILTERS; NUMERICAL ASPECTS; COVARIANCES
AB Radiance bias correction is an important and necessary step in the proper use of satellite observations in a data assimilation system. The original radiance bias-correction scheme used in the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) data assimilation system consists of two components: a variational air-mass dependent component and a scan-angle component. The air-mass component is updated within the GSI, while the scan-angle component is updated outside the GSI.
This study examines and enhances several aspects of the radiance bias-correction problem. First, a modified pre-conditioning is applied to the bias-correction coefficients and the analysis variables to speed up convergence of the minimization process. A new procedure for applying the modified pre-conditioning in the GSI is utilized. Second, capabilities for detecting any new/missing/recovering radiance data and initializing the bias correction for new radiance data are implemented. A new scheme is proposed and employed to adjust the background-error variances for the bias-correction coefficients automatically, using an approximation of the analysis-error variances from the previous cycle, and to remove the pre-specified predictor scaling parameters. Finally, the capability to perform bias correction for passive channels within the GSI is developed with a new approach.
The two-step bias-correction procedure originally used is replaced with a one-step variational bias-correction scheme within the GSI. Experiment results with the GSI-based hybrid ensemble-variational system show that using the modified pre-conditioning leads to a better convergence rate. Moreover, with the one-step scheme, the anomaly correlation of geopotential height at 500mb is neutral in the Northern Hemisphere but improved in the Southern Hemisphere. The root-mean-square (RMS) error of wind is comparable to that of the two-step scheme and the biases of the global temperature 24 h and 48 h forecasts fitted to the rawinsonde are reduced.
C1 [Zhu, Yanqiu; Collard, Andrew; Gayno, George] IM Syst Grp, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Derber, John; Treadon, Russ] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Dee, Dick] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
[Jung, James A.] Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA.
RP Zhu, YQ (reprint author), EMC IMSG, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Yanqiu.Zhu@noaa.gov
NR 16
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 140
IS 682
BP 1479
EP 1492
DI 10.1002/qj.2233
PN A
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN1SN
UT WOS:000340364000006
ER
PT J
AU Martinet, P
Lavanant, L
Fourrie, N
Rabier, F
Gambacorta, A
AF Martinet, P.
Lavanant, L.
Fourrie, N.
Rabier, F.
Gambacorta, A.
TI Evaluation of a revised IASI channel selection for cloudy retrievals
with a focus on the Mediterranean basin
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE IASI; microphysical variables; 1D-Var; DFS; channel selection;
Mediterranean Sea
ID NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; SOUNDING INTERFEROMETER RADIANCES;
BACKGROUND-ERROR COVARIANCES; SATELLITE INFRARED RADIANCES; DIRECT
4D-VAR ASSIMILATION; ICE CLOUDS; ECMWF; MICROPHYSICS; MESOSCALE;
SOUNDERS
AB The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) provides 8461 channels in the infrared spectrum. In current numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, it is not feasible to assimilate all channels and it is known that the information content between adjacent channels is redundant. This issue has been addressed in NWP centres by employing a channel selection strategy. The goal of this article is to add new channels to the existing IASI operational channel selection, aimed at improving the data assimilation in cloudy conditions and the simultaneous retrieval of cloud microphysical variables, specifically liquid and ice water contents. Cloudy profiles from the French convective-scale model Applications of Research to Operations at MEsoscale (AROME) are used in the study to focus on the retrieval of cloud variables over the Mediterranean region. Three channel selection methodologies were evaluated in this study: a statistical approach based on the degrees of freedom of the signal (DFS), a physical method based on the channel spectral sensitivity to the cloud variables and a random selection. To validate the new selections, an idealized framework is used with observing system simulation experiments (OSSE) in the context of one-dimensional variational retrievals. The current operational IASI selection has already been shown to provide good retrievals of cloud variables. However, all the different channel selections improve the results with small differences in the 1D-Var retrievals. Based on the physical and DFS methods, the final sets of 134 channels sensitive to cloud variables are proposed for future investigation in operational implementation. Additional tests on temperature and water-vapour retrieval results, air-mass dependence and cloud microphysical parametrization have also been conducted.
C1 [Martinet, P.; Fourrie, N.; Rabier, F.] Meteo France, F-31057 Toulouse, France.
[Martinet, P.; Fourrie, N.; Rabier, F.] CNRS CNRM GAME, Toulouse, France.
[Lavanant, L.] Meteo France, Ctr Meteorol Spatiale, Lannion, France.
[Gambacorta, A.] NOAA, IM Syst Grp, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Martinet, P (reprint author), Meteo France, CNRM GMAP, 42 Ave Coriolis, F-31057 Toulouse, France.
EM pauline.martinet@meteo.fr
RI Gambacorta, Antonia/E-7937-2011
OI Gambacorta, Antonia/0000-0002-2446-9132
NR 43
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 140
IS 682
BP 1563
EP 1577
DI 10.1002/qj.2239
PN A
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN1SN
UT WOS:000340364000012
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, XH
Dryer, M
AF Zhao, Xinhua
Dryer, Murray
TI Current status of CME/shock arrival time prediction
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Review
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; INTERPLANETARY SHOCK-WAVES; ENERGETIC ION
ENHANCEMENTS; MAJOR GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; SOLAR-WIND CONDITIONS; 1 AU;
INNER HELIOSPHERE; AERODYNAMIC DRAG; PARTICLE EVENTS; MAGNETIC-FIELD
AB One of the major solar transients, coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their related interplanetary shocks have severe space weather effects and become the focus of study for both solar and space scientists. Predicting their evolutions in the heliosphere and arrival times at Earth is an important component of the space weather predictions. Various kinds of models in this aspect have been developed during the past decades. In this paper, we will present a view of the present status (during Solar Cycle 24 in 2014) of the space weather's objective to predict the arrival of coronal mass ejections and their interplanetary shock waves at Earth. This status, by implication, is relevant to their arrival elsewhere in the solar system. Application of this prediction status is clearly appropriate for operational magnetospheric and ionospheric situations including A - > B - > C...solar system missions. We review current empirical models, expansion speed model, drag-based models, physics-based models (and their real-time prediction's statistical experience in Solar Cycle 23), and MHD models. New observations in Solar Cycle 24, including techniques/models, are introduced as they could be incorporated to form new prediction models. The limitations of the present models and the direction of further development are also suggested.
C1 [Zhao, Xinhua] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Space Sci & Appl Res, State Key Lab Space Weather, SIGMA Weather Grp, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Dryer, Murray] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Weather Serv, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Dryer, M (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Weather Serv, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM murraydryer@msn.com
FU National Basic Research Program (973 program) [012CB825601]; Knowledge
Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZZD-EW-01-4];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [41031066, 41231068,
41274179, 41274192, 41374176]; Specialized Research Fund for State Key
Laboratories
FX This work is jointly supported by the National Basic Research Program
(973 program) under grant 012CB825601, the Knowledge Innovation Program
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZZD-EW-01-4), the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (41031066, 41231068, 41274179, 41274192, and
41374176), and the Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories.
We thank the reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.
NR 137
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 12
IS 7
BP 448
EP 469
DI 10.1002/2014SW001060
PG 22
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN4DR
UT WOS:000340538300002
ER
PT J
AU Schrijver, CJ
Dobbins, R
Murtagh, W
Petrinec, SM
AF Schrijver, C. J.
Dobbins, R.
Murtagh, W.
Petrinec, S. M.
TI Assessing the impact of space weather on the electric power grid based
on insurance claims for industrial electrical equipment
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDRO-QUEBEC; OCTOBER 2003; DISTURBANCES; SYSTEMS; EVENTS
AB Geomagnetically induced currents are known to induce disturbances in the electric power grid. Here we perform a statistical analysis of 11,242 insurance claims from 2000 through 2010 for equipment losses and related business interruptions in North American commercial organizations that are associated with damage to, or malfunction of, electrical and electronic equipment. We find that claim rates are elevated on days with elevated geomagnetic activity by approximately 20% for the top 5% and by about 10% for the top third of most active days ranked by daily maximum variability of the geomagnetic field. When focusing on the claims explicitly attributed to electrical surges (amounting to more than half the total sample), we find that the dependence of claim rates on geomagnetic activity mirrors that of major disturbances in the U.S. high-voltage electric power grid. The claim statistics thus reveal that large-scale geomagnetic variability couples into the low-voltage power distribution network and that related power-quality variations can cause malfunctions and failures in electrical and electronic devices that, in turn, lead to an estimated 500 claims per average year within North America. We discuss the possible magnitude of the full economic impact associated with quality variations in electrical power associated with space weather.
C1 [Schrijver, C. J.; Petrinec, S. M.] Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, STAR Labs, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
[Dobbins, R.] Zurich Serv Corp, Risk Engn Tech Strategies Team, Schaumburg, IL USA.
[Murtagh, W.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Schrijver, CJ (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, STAR Labs, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
EM schrijver@lmsal.com
FU Lockheed Martin Independent Research funds
FX We are grateful to the three reviewers of our manuscript for their
guidance to improve the presentation of our results. This work was
supported by Lockheed Martin Independent Research funds (C.J.S. and
S.M.P.). The results presented in this paper rely on data collected at
magnetic observatories. We thank the national institutes that support
them and INTERMAGNET for promoting high standards of magnetic
observatory practice (www.intermagnet.org). The insurance claim data are
accessible at http://www.Imsal.com/similar to
schryver/claims/claims.csv.
NR 23
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 12
IS 7
BP 487
EP 498
DI 10.1002/2014SW001066
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA AN4DR
UT WOS:000340538300004
ER
PT J
AU Blanchard, PT
Bertness, KA
Brubaker, MD
Harvey, TE
Sanders, AW
Sanford, NA
AF Blanchard, Paul T.
Bertness, Kris A.
Brubaker, Matthew D.
Harvey, Todd E.
Sanders, Aric W.
Sanford, Norman A.
TI Influence of Morphology on Current-Voltage Behavior of GaN Nanowires
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Defects; gallium nitride; nanowires (NWs); surface; depletion
ID LIGHT
AB We demonstrate the effect that the different morphologies of molecular beam epitaxy-grown GaN nanowires (NWs) can have upon current-voltage (I-V) behavior. Two aspects of NW morphology were investigated. The first aspect was the NW diameter, d(NW). For single-crystal Si-doped GaN NW devices with d(NW) < 120 nm, I-V curves were nonlinear. In contrast, single-crystal Si-doped NWs from the same growth run with d(NW) > 120 nm consistently showed ohmic I-V behavior. This discrepancy is likely the result of the comparatively larger surface depletion in thin NWs, which contributes to 1) an increased contact barrier, and 2) a barrier resulting from an axial band offset between the portion of the NW directly beneath the contact and the portion extending from the contact. The second aspect of NW morphology that we investigated was NW coalescence, which occurs when neighboring NWs fuse together during growth. I-V measurements of undoped coalesced NWs showed that these structures can have a free carrier concentration that is significantly higher than the background carrier concentration that is present in single-crystal (noncoalesced), undoped NWs.
C1 [Blanchard, Paul T.; Bertness, Kris A.; Brubaker, Matthew D.; Harvey, Todd E.; Sanders, Aric W.; Sanford, Norman A.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Blanchard, PT (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM paul.blanchard@nist.gov; kris.bertness@nist.gov;
matthew.brubaker@nist.gov; todd.harvey@nist.gov; aric.sanders@nist.gov;
norman.sanford@nist.gov
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 16
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1536-125X
EI 1941-0085
J9 IEEE T NANOTECHNOL
JI IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 4
BP 857
EP 863
DI 10.1109/TNANO.2014.2328982
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AM8ER
UT WOS:000340104900030
ER
PT J
AU Diegoli, TM
Linacre, A
Schanfield, MS
Coble, MD
AF Diegoli, Toni M.
Linacre, Adrian
Schanfield, Moses S.
Coble, Michael D.
TI Mutation rates of 15 X chromosomal short tandem repeat markers
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE X chromosome; Identity testing; Kinship testing; US population; Mutation
rate
ID POPULATION GENETIC COMPARISONS; STR LOCI; ALLELE FREQUENCIES; GERMLINE
MUTATIONS; LINKED MARKERS; FORENSIC PURPOSES; GERMAN POPULATION;
Y-CHROMOSOME; PCR SYSTEM; SAMPLE
AB Though allele frequency data for a variety of X chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) markers in a range of populations have been reported, fewer studies of mutation rates in these same markers or populations are available. In order to address possible mismatches during kinship analysis due to mutation, a robust estimate of the rate of mutation must be established. Here, mutation rates in three US populations have been determined for a total of 15 markers (DXS6789, DXS9902, DXS7132, DXS7130, DXS6795, DXS10147, DXS8378, DXS7423, HPRTB, DXS101, DXS7424, GATA31E08, GATA172D05, GATA165B12, and DXS6803). Eighteen mutations over 20,625 meioses were observed, and the overall X STR mutation rate in this study was found to be 8.73 x 10(-4) (95 % CI, 5.2-13.8 x 10(-4)). A review of published mutation rate studies revealed similar findings in other global populations, and allowed the compilation of a combined dataset of 81,310 meioses which can be employed by the forensic community.
C1 [Diegoli, Toni M.] Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Armed Forces DNA Identificat Lab, Dover, DE 19902 USA.
[Diegoli, Toni M.] Amer Registry Pathol, Dover, DE 19903 USA.
[Diegoli, Toni M.; Linacre, Adrian] Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
[Schanfield, Moses S.] George Washington Univ, Dept Forens Sci, MVC, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
[Coble, Michael D.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Diegoli, TM (reprint author), Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Armed Forces DNA Identificat Lab, 115 Purple Heart Dr, Dover, DE 19902 USA.
EM toni.m.diegoli.ctr@mail.mil
OI Linacre, Adrian/0000-0001-5890-5548
FU National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, US Department
of Justice [2011-DN-BX-K401]
FX The authors would like to thank Minh Nguyen, Chad Ernst, and the
National Institute of Justice for grant support and management; Dr.
Peter Vallone, Dr. John Butler, and Erica Butts for providing sample
extracts and associated quantification data; Patty Czarnecki for
assistance in organizing and aliquoting sample extracts; Jessica Saunier
for bioinformatics assistance; and Col. Louis Finelli, James Canik, Dr.
Timothy McMahon, Lt. Col. Laura Regan, Cynthia Thomas, and Michael Parry
for logistical and administrative support. This project was supported by
Award No. 2011-DN-BX-K401, awarded by the National Institute of Justice,
Office of Justice Programs, US Department of Justice to TMD and MDC. The
opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect
those of the Department of Justice. The opinions or assertions presented
here are the private views of the authors and should not be construed as
official or as reflecting the views of the Department of Defense, its
branches, the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command or the Armed
Forces Medical Examiner System.
NR 57
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0937-9827
EI 1437-1596
J9 INT J LEGAL MED
JI Int. J. Legal Med.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 128
IS 4
BP 579
EP 587
DI 10.1007/s00414-014-1016-y
PG 9
WC Medicine, Legal
SC Legal Medicine
GA AM7TE
UT WOS:000340070800001
PM 24811886
ER
PT J
AU Duncan, CG
Tiller, R
Mathis, D
Stoddard, R
Kersh, GJ
Dickerson, B
Gelatt, T
AF Duncan, Colleen G.
Tiller, Rebekah
Mathis, Demetrius
Stoddard, Robyn
Kersh, Gilbert J.
Dickerson, Bobette
Gelatt, Tom
TI Brucella placentitis and seroprevalence in northern fur seals
(Callorhinus ursinus) of the Pribilof Islands, Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Brucella; northern fur seals; placentitis; serosurvey
ID ST-PAUL ISLAND; COXIELLA-BURNETII; VITULINA-RICHARDSI;
TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; YELLOWSTONE BISON; SEROLOGIC SURVEY; MARINE MAMMALS;
SP INFECTION; DOLPHINS; SPP.
AB Brucella species infect a wide range of hosts with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. In mammals, one of the most significant consequences of Brucella infection is reproductive failure. There is evidence of Brucella exposure in many species of marine mammals, but the outcome of infection is often challenging to determine. The eastern Pacific stock of northern fur seals (NFSs, Callorhinus ursinus) has declined significantly, spawning research into potential causes for this trend, including investigation into reproductive health. The objective of the current study was to determine if NFSs on St. Paul Island, Alaska have evidence of Brucella exposure or infection. Archived DNA extracted from placentas (n = 119) and serum (n = 40) samples were available for testing by insertion sequence (IS) 711 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the Brucella microagglutination test (BMAT), respectively. As well, placental tissue was available for histologic examination. Six (5%) placentas were positive by PCR, and a single animal had severe placentitis. Multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis profiles were highly clustered and closely related to other Brucella pinnipedialis isolates. A single animal was positive on BMAT, and 12 animals had titers within the borderline range; 1 borderline animal was positive by PCR on serum. The findings suggest that NFSs on the Pribilof Islands are exposed to Brucella and that the organism has the ability to cause severe placental disease. Given the population trend of the NFS, and the zoonotic nature of this pathogen, further investigation into the epidemiology of this disease is recommended.
C1 [Duncan, Colleen G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA.
[Tiller, Rebekah; Mathis, Demetrius; Stoddard, Robyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Kersh, Gilbert J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Dickerson, Bobette; Gelatt, Tom] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Duncan, CG (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Diagnost Med Ctr, 300 West Drake Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA.
EM colleen.duncan@colostate.edu
NR 37
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 20
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 1040-6387
EI 1943-4936
J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST
JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 26
IS 4
BP 507
EP 512
DI 10.1177/1040638714532647
PG 6
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AN0EQ
UT WOS:000340256800004
PM 24803576
ER
PT J
AU Booth, JAT
Woodson, CB
Sutula, M
Micheli, F
Weisberg, SB
Bograd, SJ
Steele, A
Schoen, J
Crowder, LB
AF Booth, J. A. T.
Woodson, C. B.
Sutula, M.
Micheli, F.
Weisberg, S. B.
Bograd, S. J.
Steele, A.
Schoen, J.
Crowder, L. B.
TI Patterns and potential drivers of declining oxygen content along the
southern California coast
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HYPOXIA; ECOSYSTEM; SURFACE;
SYSTEM; WORLD; WATER
AB Here we examine a 50+ yr data set from a regionally coordinated southern California water quality monitoring program to assess temporal trends and determine whether nearshore waters are exhibiting changes in dissolved oxygen (DO) content similar to those reported offshore. DO in sub-mixed layer nearshore waters (< 10 km from shore) have declined up to four times faster than reported for offshore waters over the last 15 yr. These trends were evident over depth, and along isopycnals. They have no precedent over the past 50 yr and do not appear to be attributable primarily to large-scale climate variability in ocean DO. Coastal biophysical processes, including increased phytoplankton biomass in surface waters, are likely contributing to the recent elevated rate of DO decline in nearshore waters, as evidenced by higher rates of increase in apparent oxygen utilization. It is unclear whether these processes result from upwelling-derived or anthropogenic nutrient inputs.
C1 [Booth, J. A. T.] City Los Angeles Environm Monitoring Div, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Woodson, C. B.] Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Sutula, M.; Weisberg, S. B.; Crowder, L. B.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project Author, Costa Mesa, CA USA.
[Micheli, F.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Bograd, S. J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Steele, A.] Los Angeles Cty Sanit Dist, Whittier, CA USA.
[Schoen, J.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa.
[Crowder, L. B.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Woodson, CB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM bwoodson@uga.edu
RI Weisberg, Stephen/B-2477-2008
OI Weisberg, Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425
FU COS
FX We thank the Center for Ocean Solutions (COS) Coastal Hypoxia working
group for advice, Nik Nezlin for feedback on the manuscript, Cheryl
Butner, Alexandria Blackwell, and Kimberly Rogers for help with the
database, and two anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly improved
the manuscript. J.A.T.B. and C.B.W., J.S., A. Blackwell, and K. Rogers
were partly supported by COS during this effort.
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 20
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 0024-3590
EI 1939-5590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 4
BP 1127
EP 1138
DI 10.4319/lo.2014.59.4.1127
PG 12
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AM6AI
UT WOS:000339942400003
ER
PT J
AU Habib, E
Haile, AT
Sazib, N
Zhang, Y
Rientjes, T
AF Habib, Emad
Haile, Alemseged Tamiru
Sazib, Nazmus
Zhang, Yu
Rientjes, Tom
TI Effect of Bias Correction of Satellite-Rainfall Estimates on Runoff
Simulations at the Source of the Upper Blue Nile
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Center-MORPHing (CMORPH); Gilgel Abbay; satellite rainfall; bias
correction; runoff modeling
ID LAKE TANA BASIN; PRECIPITATION ESTIMATION; HYDROLOGICAL MODEL; GAUGE
OBSERVATIONS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RIVER; CATCHMENT; PRODUCTS; CMORPH; RADAR
AB Results of numerous evaluation studies indicated that satellite-rainfall products are contaminated with significant systematic and random errors. Therefore, such products may require refinement and correction before being used for hydrologic applications. In the present study, we explore a rainfall-runoff modeling application using the Climate Prediction Center-MORPHing (CMORPH) satellite rainfall product. The study area is the Gilgel Abbay catchment situated at the source basin of the Upper Blue Nile basin in Ethiopia, Eastern Africa. Rain gauge networks in such area are typically sparse. We examine different bias correction schemes applied locally to the CMORPH product. These schemes vary in the degree to which spatial and temporal variability in the CMORPH bias fields are accounted for. Three schemes are tested: space and time-invariant, time-variant and spatially invariant, and space and time variant. Bias-corrected CMORPH products were used to calibrate and drive the Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) rainfall-runoff model. Applying the space and time-fixed bias correction scheme resulted in slight improvement of the CMORPH-driven runoff simulations, but in some instances caused deterioration. Accounting for temporal variation in the bias reduced the rainfall bias by up to 50%. Additional improvements were observed when both the spatial and temporal variability in the bias was accounted for. The rainfall bias was found to have a pronounced effect on model calibration. The calibrated model parameters changed significantly when using rainfall input from gauges alone, uncorrected, and bias-corrected CMORPH estimates. Changes of up to 81% were obtained for model parameters controlling the stream flow volume.
C1 [Habib, Emad; Sazib, Nazmus] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Civil Engn, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
[Haile, Alemseged Tamiru] Int Water Management Inst, Nile Basin & East Africa Subreg Off, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[Zhang, Yu] NOAA, NWS, OHD, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Rientjes, Tom] ITC, Dept Water Resources, NL-7500 AA Enschede, Netherlands.
RP Habib, E (reprint author), Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Civil Engn, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
EM habib@louisiana.edu; A.T.Haile@cgiar.org; sazibap25@gmail.com;
yu.zhang@noaa.gov; t.h.m.rientjes@utwente.nl
RI Rientjes, Tom/B-6331-2012
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [OISE-0914618]; NASA EPSCoR/BoR DART2
program; NASA; University of Louisiana at Lafayette Computational and
Visualization Enterprise (CAVE) Consortium; CGIAR Research Program on
Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE)
FX Support for this study was provided by the National Science Foundation
(NSF) through Award Number OISE-0914618 to the University of Louisiana
at Lafayette, and by the the NASA EPSCoR/BoR DART2 program and the NASA
Grant to Louisiana Space (LaSPACE) Consortium. Support provided by the
University of Louisiana at Lafayette Computational and Visualization
Enterprise (CAVE) Consortium is acknowledged. Support is also received
from the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE),
which is led by International Water Management Institute (IWMI)
NR 50
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 7
U2 29
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 7
BP 6688
EP 6708
DI 10.3390/rs6076688
PG 21
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA AM7IE
UT WOS:000340038700038
ER
PT J
AU Schubert, M
Collins, BA
Mangold, H
Howard, IA
Schindler, W
Vandewal, K
Roland, S
Behrends, J
Kraffert, F
Steyrleuthner, R
Chen, ZH
Fostiropoulos, K
Bittl, R
Salleo, A
Facchetti, A
Laquai, F
Ade, HW
Neher, D
AF Schubert, Marcel
Collins, Brian A.
Mangold, Hannah
Howard, Ian A.
Schindler, Wolfram
Vandewal, Koen
Roland, Steffen
Behrends, Jan
Kraffert, Felix
Steyrleuthner, Robert
Chen, Zhihua
Fostiropoulos, Konstantinos
Bittl, Robert
Salleo, Alberto
Facchetti, Antonio
Laquai, Frederic
Ade, Harald W.
Neher, Dieter
TI Correlated Donor/Acceptor Crystal Orientation Controls Photocurrent
Generation in All-Polymer Solar Cells
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPEN-CIRCUIT VOLTAGE; HOT EXCITON DISSOCIATION; FIELD-EFFECT
TRANSISTORS; CHARGE-TRANSFER STATE; X-RAY-SCATTERING; N-TYPE POLYMER;
BULK-HETEROJUNCTION; APPROACHING 100-PERCENT; SEMICONDUCTING POLYMER;
PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES
AB New polymers with high electron mobilities have spurred research in organic solar cells using polymeric rather than fullerene acceptors due to their potential of increased diversity, stability, and scalability. However, all-polymer solar cells have struggled to keep up with the steadily increasing power conversion efficiency of polymer: fullerene cells. The lack of knowledge about the dominant recombination process as well as the missing concluding picture on the role of the semi-crystalline microstructure of conjugated polymers in the free charge carrier generation process impede a systematic optimization of all-polymer solar cells. These issues are examined by combining structural and photo-physical characterization on a series of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (donor) and P(NDI2OD-T2) (acceptor) blend devices. These experiments reveal that geminate recombination is the major loss channel for photo-excited charge carriers. Advanced X-ray and electron-based studies reveal the effect of chloronaphthalene co-solvent in reducing domain size, altering domain purity, and reorienting the acceptor polymer crystals to be coincident with those of the donor. This reorientation correlates well with the increased photocurrent from these devices. Thus, effi cient split-up of geminate pairs at polymer/polymer interfaces may necessitate correlated donor/acceptor crystal orientation, which represents an additional requirement compared to the isotropic fullerene acceptors.
C1 [Schubert, Marcel; Roland, Steffen; Steyrleuthner, Robert; Neher, Dieter] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
[Collins, Brian A.; Ade, Harald W.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Collins, Brian A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mangold, Hannah; Howard, Ian A.; Laquai, Frederic] Max Planck Inst Polymer Res MPI P, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
[Schindler, Wolfram; Fostiropoulos, Konstantinos] HZB, Inst Heterogeneous Mat Syst, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
[Vandewal, Koen; Salleo, Alberto] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Behrends, Jan; Kraffert, Felix; Steyrleuthner, Robert; Bittl, Robert] Free Univ Berlin, Dept Phys, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
[Chen, Zhihua; Facchetti, Antonio] Polyera Corp, Skokie, IL 60077 USA.
RP Schubert, M (reprint author), Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
EM neher@uni-potsdam.de
RI Howard, Ian/A-5253-2010; Neher, Dieter/A-9334-2015; Behrends,
Jan/A-6282-2012;
OI Howard, Ian/0000-0002-7327-7356; Behrends, Jan/0000-0003-1024-428X;
Laquai, Frederic/0000-0002-5887-6158; Schubert,
Marcel/0000-0002-8739-4852; Steyrleuthner, Robert/0000-0002-8484-4037;
Vandewal, Koen/0000-0001-5471-383X
FU German Science Foundation (DFG) within priority program SPP 1355; DFG;
NIST-NRC postdoctoral fellowship program; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Science
and Engineering [DE-FG02-98ER45737]; Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
Max Planck Research group by the Max Planck Society; Alexander von
Humboldt foundation; Max Planck Society
FX The authors thank Oleksandr V. Mikhnenko and Markus Wollgarten for
helpful discussions. The authors specifically thank Thuc-Quyen Nguyen
for providing the DPP(TBFu)2, Riccardo Di Pietro, Iyad
Nasrallah, and Henning Sirringhaus for providing the CAS spectra and
Burkhard Stiller for performing the SKPM measurements. M.S. acknowledges
financial support from the German Science Foundation (DFG) within the
priority program SPP 1355. D.N. acknowledges a DFG travel grant. B. A.
C. acknowledges financial support of the NIST-NRC postdoctoral
fellowship program. X-ray characterization and analysis by NCSU
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic
Energy Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering under
Contract DE-FG02-98ER45737. The Advanced Light Source is supported by
the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the
U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. F. L.
acknowledges funding of the Max Planck Research group by the Max Planck
Society and I. A. H. thanks the Alexander von Humboldt foundation and
the Max Planck Society for research fellowships.
NR 74
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 10
U2 149
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1616-301X
EI 1616-3028
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 26
BP 4068
EP 4081
DI 10.1002/adfm.201304216
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AM0VK
UT WOS:000339565300006
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, SY
Yi, F
Li, ZP
Zhu, YJ
Xu, YH
Luo, C
Yang, JH
Wang, CS
AF Zheng, Shiyou
Yi, Feng
Li, Zhipeng
Zhu, Yujie
Xu, Yunhua
Luo, Chao
Yang, Junhe
Wang, Chunsheng
TI Copper-Stabilized Sulfur-Microporous Carbon Cathodes for Li-S Batteries
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; HIGH-RATE PERFORMANCE; ION BATTERIES;
ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; POROUS CARBON;
HIGH-CAPACITY; X-RAY; POLYSULFIDE; CELLS
AB A copper-stabilized sulfur-microporous carbon (MC-Cu-S) composite is synthesized by uniformly dispersing 10% highly electronically conductive Cu nanoparticles into microporous carbon (MC), followed by wet-impregnating S. In the MC-Cu-S composite, the MC host that physically confines S/poly-sulfides provides free space to accommodate volumetric expansion of S during lithiation, while the Cu nanoparticles that are anchored in the MC further chemically interact with S/polysulfi des through bonding between Cu and S/polysulfi des. The Cu loading allows the S content to increase from 30 to 50% in the carbon-S cathode material without scarifying the electrochemical performance in a low-cost carbonate electrolyte. At a current density of 100 mA g(-1), the MC-Cu-S cathode shows that Coulumbic efficiency is close to 100% and capacity maintains more than 600 mAh g(-1) with progressive cycling up to more than 500 cycles. In addition, the Cu nano-inclusins also enhance the electronic conductivity of the MC-Cu-S composite, remarkably increasing the rate capabilities. Even the current density increases 10.0 A g(-1), the MC-Cu-S cathode can still deliver a capacity of 200 mAh g(-1). This strategy of stabilization of S with small amount of metal nanoparticles anchored in MC provides an effective approach to improve the cycling stability, Coulumbic efficiency, and S loading for Li-S batteries.
C1 [Zheng, Shiyou; Yang, Junhe] Shanghai Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China.
[Zhu, Yujie; Xu, Yunhua; Luo, Chao; Wang, Chunsheng] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Yi, Feng; Li, Zhipeng] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zheng, SY (reprint author), Shanghai Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201800, Peoples R China.
EM jhyang@usst.edu.cn; cswang@umd.edu
RI Zheng, Shiyou/D-3645-2012; Wang, Chunsheng/H-5767-2011
OI Wang, Chunsheng/0000-0002-8626-6381
FU Army Research Office [W911NF1110231]; National Science Foundation of
China [51272157]; Maryland NanoCenter; NispLab; NSF as a MRSEC
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Army Research
Office under Contract No.: W911NF1110231 (Dr. Robert Mantz, Program
Manager) and the National Science Foundation of China (No. 51272157).
The authors acknowledge the support of the Maryland NanoCenter and its
NispLab. The NispLab is supported in part by the NSF as a MRSEC Shared
Experimental Facility.
NR 55
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 30
U2 208
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1616-301X
EI 1616-3028
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 26
BP 4156
EP 4163
DI 10.1002/adfm.201304156
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA AM0VK
UT WOS:000339565300016
ER
PT J
AU Du, XN
Peterson, W
AF Du, Xiuning
Peterson, William
TI Feeding rates and selectivity of adult Euphausia pacifica on natural
particle assemblages in the coastal upwelling zone off Oregon, USA, 2010
SO JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Euphausia pacifica; phytoplankton; ciliate; filtration rate; ingestion
rate
ID COPEPOD CALANUS-PACIFICUS; NYCTIPHANES-AUSTRALIS; FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSE;
ELECTIVITY INDEXES; NORTH PACIFIC; MARINE SNOW; CARBON; VOLUME;
PREDATION; SUPERBA
AB Filtration by adult Euphausia pacifica was measured before and during the upwelling season, using both "disappearance of chlorophyll" and "disappearance of cells" techniques. Results show that feeding rates and selectivity varied with food assemblages. Filtration rate (F) was best modeled by the Ivlev function: the average F on total Chl-a was 92 mL euphausiid(-1) h(-1), and 119 mL euphausiid(-1) h(-1) on microscopy cell counts. F averaged 36 for the < 5 A mu m size fraction of Chl-a, 94 for the 5-20 A mu m fraction and 107 mL euphausiid(-1) h(-1) for the > 20 A mu m fraction. The average F values were 155 and 163 mL euphausiid(-1) h(-1) for chain-diatoms and single diatoms, respectively, and115 and 137 mL euphausiid(-1) h(-1) for the < 40 A mu m and > 40 A mu m ciliates, respectively. Ingestion rates based on total Chl-a and size fractions, total cell counts and ciliates were significantly correlated using Hollings' models (P < 0.01). Maximum daily ration was 23% body C day(-1) when a high food concentration (700 A mu C L-1) was available, but over the carbon range of 50-200 A mu g C L-1, daily ration averaged 4% body C day(-1). Diatoms were consumed almost exclusively during blooms associated with summer upwelling events; larger types of ciliates and dinoflagellates were fed upon preferentially compared with their smaller counterparts.
C1 [Du, Xiuning] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Du, Xiuning] Ocean Univ China, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
[Peterson, William] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR USA.
RP Peterson, W (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR USA.
EM bill.peterson@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/MERHAB program project [NA07NOS4780195]; NOAA/CAMEO program
[NA09NMF4720182]; China Scholarship Council
FX This work was supported by the NOAA/MERHAB 2007 program project
(NA07NOS4780195) (MOCHA); and the NOAA/CAMEO program (NA09NMF4720182).
The research was part of the PhD Dissertation of Xiuning Du carried out
with the support of the China Scholarship Council.
NR 57
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 19
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0142-7873
EI 1464-3774
J9 J PLANKTON RES
JI J. Plankton Res.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2014
VL 36
IS 4
BP 1031
EP 1046
DI 10.1093/plankt/fbu027
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AM6DE
UT WOS:000339951300012
ER
PT J
AU Wahome, PG
Pedone, AC
Beauchesne, KR
Bernan, VS
Moeller, PDR
Carter, GT
AF Wahome, P. G.
Pedone, A. C.
Beauchesne, K. R.
Bernan, V. S.
Moeller, P. D. R.
Carter, G. T.
TI Identification of anti-candida and cytotoxic compounds from aquatic
microbial consortia
SO PLANTA MEDICA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 55th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Pharmacognosy (ASP)
CY AUG 02-06, 2014
CL Oxford, MS
SP Amer Soc Pharmacognosy
C1 [Wahome, P. G.; Pedone, A. C.; Beauchesne, K. R.; Bernan, V. S.; Moeller, P. D. R.; Carter, G. T.] Biosortia Pharmaceut, Dublin, OH 43017 USA.
[Wahome, P. G.; Pedone, A. C.; Beauchesne, K. R.; Bernan, V. S.; Moeller, P. D. R.; Carter, G. T.] NOAA, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG
PI STUTTGART
PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0032-0943
EI 1439-0221
J9 PLANTA MED
JI Planta Med.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 10
MA PC29
BP 774
EP 775
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary
Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary
Medicine
GA AM3VP
UT WOS:000339781200123
ER
PT J
AU Naugol'nykh, KA
AF Naugol'nykh, K. A.
TI Nonlinear sound waves upon collapse of a vortex dipole
SO ACOUSTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE vortex dipole; instability; acoustic emission; acoustic nonlinearity
AB Acoustic emission by a vortex dipole decreases the dipole energy and changes the vortex velocity distribution. A relative shift of the dipole component occurs. Earlier, such a process of acoustic instability of the vortex was considered as applied to the case of weak acoustic emission described by the wave equation. Features of acoustic instability upon emission of a strongly nonlinear sound by a vortex are considered in this work.
C1 Zel Technol LLC, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Naugol'nykh, KA (reprint author), Zel Technol LLC, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, NOAA 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM konstantin.naugolnykh@noaa.gov
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 1063-7710
EI 1562-6865
J9 ACOUST PHYS+
JI Acoust. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 60
IS 4
BP 424
EP 426
DI 10.1134/S1063771014040113
PG 3
WC Acoustics
SC Acoustics
GA AL8ID
UT WOS:000339380800008
ER
PT J
AU Jang, HJ
Pookpanratana, SJ
Brigeman, AN
Kline, RJ
Basham, JI
Gundlach, DJ
Hacker, CA
Kirillov, OA
Jurchescu, OD
Richter, CA
AF Jang, Hyuk-Jae
Pookpanratana, Sujitra J.
Brigeman, Alyssa N.
Kline, R. Joseph
Basham, James I.
Gundlach, David J.
Hacker, Christina A.
Kirillov, Oleg A.
Jurchescu, Oana D.
Richter, Curt A.
TI Interface Engineering To Control Magnetic Field Effects of Organic-Based
Devices by Using a Molecular Self-Assembled Monolayer
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE organic semiconductors; magnetic field effects; magnetoresistance;
interface engineering; molecular self-assembled monolayers
ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; MAGNETORESISTANCE;
SEMICONDUCTORS; ELECTRONICS; DENSITY; TRIPLET
AB Organic semiconductors hold immense promise for the development of a wide range of innovative devices with their excellent electronic and manufacturing characteristics. Of particular interest are nonmagnetic organic semiconductors that show unusual magnetic field effects (MFEs) at small subtesla field strength that can result in substantial changes in their optoelectronic and electronic properties. These unique phenomena provide a tremendous opportunity to significantly impact the functionality of organic-based devices and may enable disruptive electronic and spintronic technologies. Here, we present an approach to vary the MFEs on the electrical resistance of organic-based systems in a simple yet reliable fashion. We experimentally modify the interfacial characteristics by adding a self-assembled monolayer between the metal electrode and the organic semiconductor, thus enabling the tuning of competing MFE mechanisms coexisting in organic semiconductors. This approach offers a robust method for tuning the magnitude and sign of magnetoresistance in organic semiconductors without compromising the ease of processing.
C1 [Jang, Hyuk-Jae; Pookpanratana, Sujitra J.; Basham, James I.; Gundlach, David J.; Hacker, Christina A.; Kirillov, Oleg A.; Richter, Curt A.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jang, Hyuk-Jae; Brigeman, Alyssa N.; Jurchescu, Oana D.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Phys, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
[Kline, R. Joseph] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Jang, HJ (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM hyuk-Jae.jang@nist.gov; curt.richter@nist.gov
RI Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008; Basham, James/A-7390-2012; Jang,
Hyuk-Jae/H-7904-2013
OI Basham, James/0000-0002-6786-0211;
FU Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) by the National Science
Foundation; NIST
FX The authors would like to acknowledge C. Stafford for assistance with
the AFM measurements, and M. Cox, M. Flatte and N. Harmon for the
helpful discussions. Financial support under the Summer Undergraduate
Research Fellowship (SURF) by the National Science Foundation and the
NIST is gratefully acknowledged by A.N.B. Device fabrication was done in
part at the NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology. XRD
measurements were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation
Lightsource, a Directorate of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and
an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of
Energy Office of Science by Stanford University.
NR 50
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 53
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 7
BP 7192
EP 7201
DI 10.1021/nn502199z
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AL9LR
UT WOS:000339463100076
PM 24968019
ER
PT J
AU Yang, Y
Zhang, H
Douglas, JF
AF Yang, Ying
Zhang, Hao
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Origin and Nature of Spontaneous Shape Fluctuations in "Small"
Nanoparticles
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE nanoparticles; string collective atomic motion; molecular dynamics;
nanoparticle shape fluctuations
ID TRANSITION-METAL CLUSTERS; DEPENDENT CATALYTIC-ACTIVITY; GLASSY
INTERFACIAL DYNAMICS; COLLECTIVE ATOMIC MOTION; RANDOM-FLIGHT CHAIN;
CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; SUPERCOOLED LIQUID; SURFACE-DIFFUSION; FORMING
LIQUIDS; FINITE SYSTEMS
AB Normally chemically inert materials such as Au have been found to be catalytically active in the form of particles whose size is about 1 nm. Direct and indirect observations of various types of metal nanoparticles (NPs) in this size range, under catalytically relevant conditions for fuel-cell operation and catalysis, have indicated that such "small" particles can exhibit large spontaneous shape fluctuations and significant changes in shape and chemical activity in response to alterations in environmental conditions. NPs also normally exhibit facile coalescence when in proximity, impacting their stability and reactivity in applications. We perform molecular dynamics simulations on Ni nanoparticles, a commonly used NP in catalytic applications and carbon nanotube growth, in the approximate to 1 nm size regime where large-scale shape fluctuations have been observed experimentally. An analysis of the large-gale shape fluctuations observed in our simulations of these "small" NPs indicates that they are accompanied by collective motion of Ni atoms through the NP center, and we quantify these dynamic structures and their impact on NP shape. In contrast, stringlike collective atomic motion is confined to the NP interfacial region of NPs having a diameter greater than a few nanometers, and correspondingly, the overall NP shape remains roughly spherical, a case studied In our prior Ni NP simulations. Evidently, the large spontaneous NP shape fluctuations reflect a change in character of the collective atomic dynamics when the NPs become critically small in size.
C1 [Yang, Ying; Zhang, Hao] Univ Alberta, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada.
[Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, H (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada.
EM hao.zhang@ualberta.ca; jack.douglas@nist.gov
RI Zhang, Hao/A-3272-2008
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; NIH [1 R01
EB006398-01A1]
FX Y.Y. and H.Z. gratefully acknowledge the support of the Natural Sciences
and Engineering Research Council of Canada under a Discovery Grant.
J.F.D. acknowledges support of this work under an NIH grant (1 R01
EB006398-01A1).
NR 91
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 10
U2 58
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 7
BP 7465
EP 7477
DI 10.1021/nn502767t
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA AL9LR
UT WOS:000339463100106
PM 24992502
ER
PT J
AU Leighfield, TA
Muha, N
Ramsdell, JS
AF Leighfield, Tod A.
Muha, Noah
Ramsdell, John S.
TI Tissue Distribution of Amino Acid- and Lipid-Brevetoxins after
Intravenous Administration to C57BL/6 Mice
SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FLORIDA RED TIDE; INTRATRACHEAL INSTILLATION; PTYCHODISCUS-BREVIS;
GREENSHELL MUSSELS; NEW-ZEALAND; RATS; METABOLITES; ELIMINATION;
SHELLFISH; SEMISYNTHESIS
AB Brevetoxins produced during algal blooms of the dinoflagellate Karenia are metabolized by shellfish into reduction, oxidation, and conjugation products. Brevetoxin metabolites comprising amino acid- and lipid conjugates account for a large proportion of the toxicity associated with the consumption of toxic shellfish. However, the disposition of these brevetoxin metabolites has not been established. Using intravenous exposure to C57BL/6 mice, we investigated the disposition in the body of three radiolabeled brevetoxin metabolites. Amino acid brevetoxin conjugates represented by S-desoxy-BTX-B2 (cysteine-BTX-B) and lipid brevetoxin conjugates represented by N-palmitoyl-S-desoxy-BTX-B2 were compared to dihydro-BTX-B. Tissue concentration profiles were unique to each of the brevetoxin metabolites tested, with dihydro-BTX-B being widely distributed to all tissues, S-desoxy-BTX-B2 concentrated in kidney, and N-palmitoyl-S-desoxy-BTX-B2 having the highest concentrations in spleen, liver, and lung. Elimination patterns were also unique: dihydro-BTX-B had a greater fecal versus urinary elimination, whereas urine was a more important elimination route for S-desoxy-BTX-B2, and N-palmitoyl-S-desoxy-BTX-B2 persisted in tissues and was eliminated equally in both urine and feces. The structures particular to each brevetoxin metabolite resulting from the reduction, amino acid conjugation, or fatty acid addition of BTX-B were likely responsible for these tissue-specific distributions and unique elimination patterns. These observed differences provide further insight into the contribution each brevetoxin metabolite class has to the observed potencies.
C1 [Leighfield, Tod A.; Muha, Noah; Ramsdell, John S.] NOAA Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Marine Biotoxins Program, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Ramsdell, JS (reprint author), NOAA Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Marine Biotoxins Program, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM john.ramsdell@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
FX This work was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0893-228X
EI 1520-5010
J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL
JI Chem. Res. Toxicol.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 7
BP 1166
EP 1175
DI 10.1021/tx500053f
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology
GA AL9LN
UT WOS:000339462700009
PM 24949875
ER
PT J
AU Ng, LC
Persily, AK
Emmerich, SJ
AF Ng, Lisa C.
Persily, Andrew K.
Emmerich, Steven J.
TI Improving Infiltration In Energy Modeling
SO ASHRAE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Ng, Lisa C.; Persily, Andrew K.; Emmerich, Steven J.] NIST, Indoor Air Qual & Ventilat Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ng, LC (reprint author), NIST, Indoor Air Qual & Ventilat Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC,
PI ATLANTA
PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA
SN 0001-2491
EI 1943-6637
J9 ASHRAE J
JI ASHRAE J.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 56
IS 7
BP 70
EP 72
PG 3
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA AL4GQ
UT WOS:000339091300030
ER
PT J
AU Thorson, JT
Jensen, OP
Zipkin, EF
AF Thorson, James T.
Jensen, Olaf P.
Zipkin, Elise F.
TI How variable is recruitment for exploited marine fishes? A hierarchical
model for testing life history theory
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID STOCK ASSESSMENT MODEL; TIME-SERIES BIAS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; REGIME
SHIFTS; METAANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT; HYPOTHESIS; STRATEGIES; MORTALITY;
SABLEFISH
AB Recruitment often varies substantially in fish populations, and residual variability may have serial autocorrelation due to environmental effects even after accounting for a stock-recruitment relationship. However, the likely magnitude of variability and autocorrelation in recruitment has yet to be formally estimated. We therefore developed a hierarchical model for recruitment variability and autocorrelation and applied it to data for 154 fish populations. Results were similar when using either the Ricker or Beverton-Holt stock-recruitment model, and showed that autocorrelated recruitment has a marginal standard deviation of 0.74 (SD = 0.35) and a mean autocorrelation of 0.43 (SD = 0.28) when predicting for an unobserved taxonomic order. Estimates differed somewhat among taxonomic orders and stocks, and also supported a hypothesized positive relationship between age at maturity and autocorrelation in recruitment. Our results can be used as a Bayesian prior for recruitment variability in models for data-poor stocks and to distinguish recruitment from other process errors in models for data-rich stocks. Estimates can also be used in the design of future simulation models and management strategy evaluations and in theoretical research regarding life history variation.
C1 [Thorson, James T.] NOAA, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Jensen, Olaf P.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Zipkin, Elise F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Thorson, JT (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Jimthor@u.washington.edu
RI Thorson, James/O-7937-2014
OI Thorson, James/0000-0001-7415-1010
FU New Jersey Sea Grant Consortium (NJSGC); NOAA Office of Sea Grant; US
Department of Commerce, under NOAA grant [NA10OAR4170075]; NJSGC
FX We continue to be grateful for the dedication and foresight demonstrated
by R. Myers when developing this stock-recruitment respository and the
many scientists whose work is represented therein. We also thank C.
Minto for his hard work in maintaining the original Myers repository and
S. Munch for helpful comments on an earlier draft. We thank L. Brooks,
C. Legault, an anonymous reviewer, and the associate editor for helpful
comments that improved the quality of analysis and writing. O.P.J. was
supported by the New Jersey Sea Grant Consortium (NJSGC) with funds from
the NOAA Office of Sea Grant, US Department of Commerce, under NOAA
grant No. NA10OAR4170075 and the NJSGC. The statements, findings,
conclusions, and recommendations are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the NJSGC or the US Department of
Commerce, NJSG-14-858.
NR 63
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 23
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 7
BP 973
EP 983
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0645
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AL3BI
UT WOS:000338999600002
ER
PT J
AU Harvey, CJ
AF Harvey, Chris J.
TI Mediation functions in Ecopath with Ecosim: handle with care
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT; FOOD-WEB MODELS; MARINE ECOSYSTEM;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; FISHERIES; IMPACTS; ASSESSMENTS; SERVICES; OCEAN
AB Ecosystem models are important tools for addressing complex issues such as the role of habitat in marine resource management. The Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) software can represent several ecological processes via mediation functions, where the abundance of one group influences trophic interactions between two other groups. I ran a series of temporal simulations in EwE, in which eelgrass (Zostera marina) was refuge habitat for juvenile Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), and the abundance of eelgrass mediated (reduced) the vulnerability of juvenile salmon to their predators. I compared the effects of eelgrass on salmon biomass across three shapes of mediation curve (linear, hyperbolic, sigmoid) and six different initial states along each curve. Salmon responded strongest to sigmoid mediation and least to hyperbolic mediation. Salmon responses were sensitive to initial conditions, particularly along sigmoid curves. As the lower limit of the mediation curve (M-min) approached 0, model results became nonintuitive, particularly for sigmoid curves. Because these functions are difficult to quantify or scale from empirical or experimental studies, modelers must carefully account for uncertainty when using mediation relationships in EwE. Hyperbolic mediation curves may be the most conservative when empirical or theoretical knowledge is unavailable.
C1 NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Harvey, CJ (reprint author), NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Chris.Harvey@noaa.gov
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 15
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 7
BP 1020
EP 1029
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0594
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AL3BI
UT WOS:000338999600007
ER
PT J
AU Kralj, JG
Munson, MS
Ross, D
AF Kralj, Jason G.
Munson, Matthew S.
Ross, David
TI Total protein quantitation using the bicinchoninic acid assay and
gradient elution moving boundary electrophoresis
SO ELECTROPHORESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bicinchoninic acid (BCA); Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity
detection (C4D); Gradient elution moving boundary electrophoresis
(GEMBE); Total protein assay
ID CONTACTLESS CONDUCTIVITY DETECTION; ZONE-ELECTROPHORESIS; STEP WIDTH;
TITRATION; RESOLUTION
AB We investigated the ability of gradient elution moving boundary electrophoresis (GEMBE) with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection ((CD)-D-4) to assay total protein concentration using the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) reaction. We chose this format because GEMBE-(CD)-D-4 behaves as a concentration dependent detection system, unlike optical methods that also rely on pathlength (due to Beer's law). This system tolerates proteins well compared with other capillary electrophoretic methods, allowing the capillary to be reused without coatings or additional hydroxide wash steps. The typical reaction protocol was modified by reducing the pH slightly from 11.25 to 9.4, which enabled elimination of tartrate from the reagents. We estimated that copper (I) could be detected at approximately 3.0 mu mol/L, which agrees with similar GEMBE and CZE systems utilizing (CD)-D-4. Under conditions similar to the BCA "micro method" assay, we determined the LOD for three common proteins (insulin, BSA, and bovine gamma globulin) and found that they agree well with the existing spectroscopic detection methods. Further, we investigated how long reaction times impact the LOD and found that the conversion was proportional to log(time). This indicated that little sensitivity is gained by extending the reaction past 1 h. Hence, GEMBE provides an alternative platform for total protein assays while maintaining the excellent sensitivity of the optical-based methods.
C1 [Kralj, Jason G.; Munson, Matthew S.; Ross, David] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kralj, JG (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr MS 8312, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Jason.kralj@nist.gov
NR 18
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 39
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0173-0835
EI 1522-2683
J9 ELECTROPHORESIS
JI Electrophoresis
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 35
IS 12-13
SI SI
BP 1887
EP 1892
DI 10.1002/elps.201400025
PG 6
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA AL3GN
UT WOS:000339015000018
PM 24648165
ER
PT J
AU Yashar, DA
Domanski, PA
Cho, H
AF Yashar, David A.
Domanski, Piotr A.
Cho, Honghyun
TI An experimental and computational study of approach air distribution for
slanted and A-shaped finned-tube heat exchangers
SO HVAC&R RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID FLOW MALDISTRIBUTION; PERFORMANCE; EVAPORATORS
AB One of the most influential factors of the performance of a finned-tube heat exchanger is the distribution of the air passing through it; therefore, it must be known in order to produce a highly efficient design. We examined two different common style air-to-refrigerant, finned-tube heat exchangers: a single-slab coil oriented at an angle of 65 degrees to the duct wall and an A-shaped coil with an apex angle of 34 degrees. We used particle image velocimetry (PIV) to measure their in-situ airflow distributions. The results show that the airflow distributions for both heat exchangers are highly nonuniform with different sections being subject to vastly different air velocities. We also used a momentum resistance-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach to model the airflow distributions through these heat exchangers. The modeled results agreed with the measured values, with most of the simulated velocities falling within +/-10% of the measured velocities. The results of this study show that the velocity profile for any configuration is strongly influenced by the geometry of the heat exchanger and other features in its proximity and, therefore, each installation configuration will have its own unique velocity distribution. The information presented in this paper documents the maldistribution of airflowing through finned-tube heat exchangers and highlights the sources and magnitude of the nonuniformities.
C1 [Yashar, David A.] NIST, Div Energy & Environm, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Domanski, Piotr A.] NIST, HVAC&R Equipment Performance Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Cho, Honghyun] Chosun Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Kwangju, South Korea.
RP Yashar, DA (reprint author), NIST, Div Energy & Environm, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 7320, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dyashar@nist.gov
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1078-9669
EI 1938-5587
J9 HVAC&R RES
JI HVAC&R Res.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 5
BP 498
EP 507
DI 10.1080/10789669.2014.899466
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA AL3CN
UT WOS:000339003000002
ER
PT J
AU Stephenson, TS
Vincent, LA
Allen, T
Van Meerbeeck, CJ
McLean, N
Peterson, TC
Taylor, MA
Aaron-Morrison, AP
Auguste, T
Bernard, D
Boekhoudt, JRI
Blenman, RC
Braithwaite, GC
Brown, G
Butler, M
Cumberbatch, CJM
Etienne-Leblanc, S
Lake, DE
Martin, DE
McDonald, JL
Zaruela, MO
Porter, AO
Ramirez, MS
Tamar, GA
Roberts, BA
Mitro, SS
Shaw, A
Spence, JM
Winter, A
Trotman, AR
AF Stephenson, Tannecia S.
Vincent, Lucie A.
Allen, Theodore
Van Meerbeeck, Cedric J.
McLean, Natalie
Peterson, Thomas C.
Taylor, Michael A.
Aaron-Morrison, Arlene P.
Auguste, Thomas
Bernard, Didier
Boekhoudt, Joffrey R. I.
Blenman, Rosalind C.
Braithwaite, George C.
Brown, Glenroy
Butler, Mary
Cumberbatch, Catherine J. M.
Etienne-Leblanc, Sheryl
Lake, Dale E.
Martin, Delver E.
McDonald, Joan L.
Zaruela, Maria Ozoria
Porter, Avalon O.
Ramirez, Mayra Santana
Tamar, Gerard A.
Roberts, Bridget A.
Mitro, Sukarni Sallons
Shaw, Adrian
Spence, Jacqueline M.
Winter, Amos
Trotman, Adrian R.
TI Changes in extreme temperature and precipitation in the Caribbean
region, 1961-2010
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Caribbean; climate change; climate extreme; daily temperature; daily
precipitation; trends; Atlantic multidecadal oscillation
ID DAILY CLIMATE EXTREMES; CENTRAL-AMERICA; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY;
MIDSUMMER DROUGHT; PACIFIC REGION; SOUTH-AMERICA; EL-NINO; RAINFALL;
TRENDS; ATLANTIC
AB A workshop was held at the University of the West Indies, Jamaica, in May 2012 to build capacity in climate data rescue and to enhance knowledge about climate change in the Caribbean region. Scientists brought their daily observational surface temperature and precipitation data from weather stations for an assessment of quality and homogeneity and for the calculation of climate indices helpful for studying climate change in their region. This study presents the trends in daily and extreme temperature and precipitation indices in the Caribbean region for records spanning the 1961-2010 and 1986-2010 intervals. Overall, the results show a warming of the surface air temperature at land stations. In general, the indices based on minimum temperature show stronger warming trends than indices calculated from maximum temperature. The frequency of warm days, warm nights and extreme high temperatures has increased while fewer cool days, cool nights and extreme low temperatures were found for both periods. Changes in precipitation indices are less consistent and the trends are generally weak. Small positive trends were found in annual total precipitation, daily intensity, maximum number of consecutive dry days and heavy rainfall events particularly during the period 1986-2010. Correlations between indices and the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) index suggest that temperature variability and, to a lesser extent, precipitation extremes are related to the AMO signal of the North Atlantic surface sea temperatures: stronger associations are found in August and September for the temperature indices and in June and October for some of the precipitation indices.
C1 [Stephenson, Tannecia S.; McLean, Natalie; Taylor, Michael A.] Univ W Indies, Dept Phys, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
[Vincent, Lucie A.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Div Climate Res, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Allen, Theodore] Univ Miami, Div Meteorol & Phys Oceanog, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Van Meerbeeck, Cedric J.; Trotman, Adrian R.] Caribbean Inst Meteorol & Hydrol, St James, Barbados.
[Peterson, Thomas C.] Natl Climat Ctr, NOAA, Asheville, NC USA.
[Aaron-Morrison, Arlene P.] Trinidad & Tobago Meteorol Serv, Piarco, Trinid & Tobago.
[Auguste, Thomas] St Lucia Meteorol Serv, Castries, St Lucia.
[Bernard, Didier] Lab Rech Geosci & Energies, Pointe a Pitre, Guadeloupe.
[Boekhoudt, Joffrey R. I.] Meteorol Dept Curacao, Willemstad, Curacao, Neth Antilles.
[Blenman, Rosalind C.] Barbados Meteorol Serv, Christ Church, Barbados.
[Braithwaite, George C.] Antigua & Barbuda Meteorol Serv, St Johns, Antigua & Barbu.
[Brown, Glenroy; Shaw, Adrian; Spence, Jacqueline M.] Meteorol Serv, Kingston, Jamaica.
[Butler, Mary] Dept Meteorol, Nassau, Bahamas.
[Cumberbatch, Catherine J. M.] Natl Meteorol Serv Belize, Belize City, Belize.
[Etienne-Leblanc, Sheryl] Dominica Meteorol Serv, Canefield, Dominica.
[Lake, Dale E.] Virgin Isl Dept Disaster Management, Tortola, VI USA.
[Martin, Delver E.] St Kitts Meteorol Serv, Bird Rock, St Kitts & Nevi.
[McDonald, Joan L.] ET Joshua Airport, Meteorol & Aeronaut Informat Serv, St George, St Vincent.
[Zaruela, Maria Ozoria] Oficina Nacl Meteorol, Santo Domingo Este, Dominican Rep.
[Ramirez, Mayra Santana] Inst Meteorol Republ Cuba, Cuidad De La Habana, Cuba.
[Tamar, Gerard A.] Grenada Airports Author, St Georges, Grenada.
[Roberts, Bridget A.] Hydrometeorol Serv Guyana, Stabroek, Guyana.
[Mitro, Sukarni Sallons] Meteorol Serv Suriname, Paramaribo, Surinam.
[Winter, Amos] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Marine Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00709 USA.
RP Stephenson, TS (reprint author), Univ W Indies, Dept Phys, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
EM tannecia.stephenson02@uwimona.edu.jm
FU World Meteorological Organization; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration; Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre; European
Union
FX The capacity building workshop on data rescue and climate change indices
held in Kingston, Jamaica on May 7-10 was supported by the World
Meteorological Organization, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration and the Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre. The
participants greatly enjoyed the hospitality provided by the Department
of Physics at the University of the West Indies, Mona. Data compiled
from The Caribbean Agrometeorological Initiative (CAMI) project executed
by the Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and Hydrology and supported
by the European Union funded African Caribbean and Pacific Group of
Countries (ACP) Science and Technology Programme complemented the data
provided by meteorological services across the Caribbean, Guyana and
Belize. Special thanks to Shontelle Stoute and Lisa Kirton-Reed for
their contribution to the CAMI Project. Other data were obtained from
the National Climatic Data Centre online archive and from Meteo-France.
Special thanks to the directors of the National Meteorological and
Hydrological Services for facilitating the participation of their staff
in the workshop and for providing data.
NR 56
TC 26
Z9 29
U1 7
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 9
BP 2957
EP 2971
DI 10.1002/joc.3889
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AL3XU
UT WOS:000339065900009
ER
PT J
AU Emery, BM
Washburn, L
Whelan, C
Barrick, D
Harlan, J
AF Emery, Brian M.
Washburn, Libe
Whelan, Chad
Barrick, Don
Harlan, Jack
TI Measuring Antenna Patterns for Ocean Surface Current HF Radars with
Ships of Opportunity
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-FREQUENCY RADARS; CALIBRATION
AB HF radars measure ocean surface currents near coastlines with a spatial and temporal resolution that remains unmatched by other approaches. Most HF radars employ direction-finding techniques, which obtain the most accurate ocean surface current data when using measured, rather than idealized, antenna patterns. Simplifying and automating the antenna pattern measurement (APM) process would improve the utility of HF radar data, since idealized patterns are widely used. A method is presented for obtaining antenna pattern measurements for direction-finding HF radars from ships of opportunity. Positions obtained from the Automatic Identification System (AIS) are used to identify signals backscattered from ships in ocean current radar data. These signals and ship position data are then combined to determine the HF radar APM. Data screening methods are developed and shown to produce APMs with low error when compared with APMs obtained with shipboard transponder-based approaches. The analysis indicates that APMs can be reproduced when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the backscattered signal is greater than 11dB. Large angular sectors of the APM can be obtained on time scales of days, with as few as 50 ships.
C1 [Emery, Brian M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Emery, Brian M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mech Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Washburn, Libe] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Whelan, Chad; Barrick, Don] CODAR Ocean Sensors Ltd, Mountain View, CA USA.
[Harlan, Jack] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Emery, BM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM brian.emery@ucsb.edu
FU U.S. Department of Commerce [WC133R10CN0212]
FX We thank Megan McKenna and John Hildebrand, Scripps Institution of
Oceanography, for the AIS data. Boat operations by David Salazar,
Cristoph Pierre, and Eduardo Romero contributed to ATRANS
measurements, and all aspects of this analysis were improved through the
work of, and discussions with, Cyril Johnson. We thank the three
anonymous reviewers, whose efforts improved the manuscript. This
material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Commerce
under Contract WC133R10CN0212, and it benefitted from the U.S.
Integrated Ocean Observing System program office's HF radar support. Any
opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this
publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect
the views of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 31
IS 7
BP 1564
EP 1582
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00181.1
PG 19
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AL4KQ
UT WOS:000339102200009
ER
PT J
AU Kang, JW
Diky, V
Chirico, RD
Magee, JW
Muzny, CD
Kazakov, AF
Kroenlein, K
Frenkel, M
AF Kang, Jeong Won
Diky, Vladimir
Chirico, Robert D.
Magee, Joseph W.
Muzny, Chris D.
Kazakov, Andrei F.
Kroenlein, Kenneth
Frenkel, Michael
TI Algorithmic Framework for Quality Assessment of Phase Equilibrium Data
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMODATA ENGINE TDE; VAPOR-LIQUID-EQUILIBRIUM; MODIFIED UNIFAC
DORTMUND; EXCESS GIBBS ENERGY; SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION; BINARY-MIXTURES;
ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; MODEL; REVISION
AB Data quality assessment procedures for various types of phase equilibrium data are reviewed and analyzed. Experimental data for vapor liquid equilibrium (VLE), liquid liquid equilibrium (LLE), solid liquid equilibrium (SLE), infinite dilution activity coefficients (ACT), and excess enthalpy (HE) are used for interproperty consistency checks, together with relevant properties of pure compounds. These procedures are essential for validation of experimental data and development of high quality prediction and correlation models. A single framework involving consistency tests for all types of phase equilibria data is proposed, together with an algorithm implementation.
C1 [Kang, Jeong Won] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Sungbuk Ku, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
[Diky, Vladimir; Chirico, Robert D.; Magee, Joseph W.; Muzny, Chris D.; Kazakov, Andrei F.; Kroenlein, Kenneth; Frenkel, Michael] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Frenkel, M (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM frenkel@boulder.nist.gov
RI Magee, Joseph/A-8496-2009; Kang, Jeongwon/F-7010-2013
OI Magee, Joseph/0000-0002-9312-8593; Kang, Jeongwon/0000-0002-5161-1122
NR 47
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-9568
J9 J CHEM ENG DATA
JI J. Chem. Eng. Data
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 7
BP 2283
EP 2293
DI 10.1021/je500327k
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering
GA AL2UM
UT WOS:000338981000020
ER
PT J
AU Fleming, IA
Bottom, DL
Jones, KK
Simenstad, CA
Craig, JF
AF Fleming, I. A.
Bottom, D. L.
Jones, K. K.
Simenstad, C. A.
Craig, J. F.
TI Resilience of anadromous and resident salmonid populations
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID ECO-EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS; LIFE-HISTORY; DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY;
COMPLEXITY; FITNESS; FUTURE; SALAR; BETS
C1 [Fleming, I. A.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Fish Evolutionary Ecol Res Grp, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada.
[Fleming, I. A.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Ocean Sci, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada.
[Bottom, D. L.] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Jones, K. K.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Simenstad, C. A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Fleming, IA (reprint author), Mem Univ Newfoundland, Fish Evolutionary Ecol Res Grp, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada.
RI Fleming, Ian/I-7217-2012
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 1
SI SI
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1111/jfb.12429
PG 7
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AL2HE
UT WOS:000338945800001
PM 24980458
ER
PT J
AU Vincenzi, S
Crivelli, AJ
Satterthwaite, WH
Mangel, M
AF Vincenzi, S.
Crivelli, A. J.
Satterthwaite, W. H.
Mangel, M.
TI Eco-evolutionary dynamics induced by massive mortality events
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE floods; life histories; marble trout; somatic growth; trade-off
ID TROUT SALMO-MARMORATUS; DEPENDENT INDIVIDUAL GROWTH; FISHERIES-INDUCED
EVOLUTION; ENERGY ACQUISITION RATES; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; MARBLE TROUT;
ATLANTIC SALMON; BROWN TROUT; POPULATION-DENSITY; INTRINSIC GROWTH
AB An eco-genetic model tuned on a population of marble trout Salmo marmoratus subject to periodic flood events was used to explore how the evolution of growth rates interacting with density-dependent processes can modify size at age and population structure and in turn influence the resilience of populations. Fish with greater growth potential were assumed to have higher mortality rates. The results of simulations were compared between two scenarios, one in which populations may evolve growth rates and the other one in which the distribution of growth rates within a population is kept fixed. Evolving populations had a greater proportion of age 1 year individuals in the population, greater median length at age 3 years (the typical age at sexual maturity for S. marmoratus) and lower population sizes. The slightly smaller population sizes did not affect realized extinction risk. Resilience, defined as the number of years necessary to rebound from flood-induced population collapse, was on average from 2 to 3 years in both scenarios, with no significant difference between them. Moderate heritability of growth, relaxation of density-dependent processes at low densities and rapid recovery to a safe population size combine to limit the capacity to evolve faster recovery after flood-induced population collapses via changing growth rates. (C) 2014 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
C1 [Vincenzi, S.; Satterthwaite, W. H.; Mangel, M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Vincenzi, S.] Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Elettron Informaz & Bioingn, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Crivelli, A. J.] Stn Biol Tour Valat, F-13200 Arles, France.
[Satterthwaite, W. H.] NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Mangel, M.] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
RP Vincenzi, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM simon.vincenz@gmail.com
FU Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship
FX We thank S. Carlson, O. Shelton and four anonymous reviewers for
comments and suggestions that improved a previous version of the
manuscript. S.V. is supported by a Marie Curie International Outgoing
Fellowship for the project RAPIDEVO on the rapid evolution of life
history traits in response to climate and environmental change.
NR 76
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 1
SI SI
BP 8
EP 30
DI 10.1111/jfb.12382
PG 23
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AL2HE
UT WOS:000338945800002
PM 24786910
ER
PT J
AU Craig, BE
Simenstad, CA
Bottom, DL
AF Craig, B. E.
Simenstad, C. A.
Bottom, D. L.
TI Rearing in natural and recovering tidal wetlands enhances growth and
life-history diversity of Columbia Estuary tributary coho salmon
Oncorhynchus kisutch population
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE habitat restoration; migration; nomad; Pacific salmon; resilience; scale
pattern analysis
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; SCALE PATTERN-ANALYSIS; RIVER ESTUARY; OREGON;
TSHAWYTSCHA; WASHINGTON; STEELHEAD; MIGRATION; MOVEMENT; SURVIVAL
AB This study provides evidence of the importance of tributary tidal wetlands to local coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch populations and life-history diversity. Subyearling and, to a lesser extent, yearling O. kisutch life histories utilized various estuary habitats within the Grays River, a tidal freshwater tributary of the Columbia River estuary, including restoring emergent wetlands and natural forested wetlands. Migration timing data, size distributions, estuary residence and scale patterns suggest a predominance of subyearling migrant life histories, including several that involve extended periods of estuary rearing. Estuarine-rearing subyearling O. kisutch exhibited the greatest overall growth rates; the highest growth rates were seen in fish that utilized restoring emergent wetlands. These results contrast with studies conducted in the main-stem Columbia River estuary, which captured few O. kisutch, of which nearly all were hatchery-origin yearling smolts. Restoration and preservation of peripheral and tributary wetland habitats, such as those in the Grays River, could play an important role in the recovery of natural O. kisutch populations in the Columbia River and elsewhere. (C) 2014 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
C1 [Craig, B. E.; Simenstad, C. A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Bottom, D. L.] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Craig, BE (reprint author), Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Mill Creek, WA 98012 USA.
EM Bethany.Craig@dfw.wa.gov
FU Bonneville Power Administration
FX This research was made possible by funding from the Bonneville Power
Administration. We thank the staff of the NOAA Fisheries Point Adams
laboratory, the University of Washington Wetland Ecosystem Team and High
Seas Lab, the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, the Columbia
River Estuary Study Taskforce and numerous volunteers for support and
field assistance.
NR 58
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 44
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 1
SI SI
BP 31
EP 51
DI 10.1111/jfb.12433
PG 21
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AL2HE
UT WOS:000338945800003
PM 24890886
ER
PT J
AU Jones, KK
Cornwell, TJ
Bottom, DL
Campbell, LA
Stein, S
AF Jones, K. K.
Cornwell, T. J.
Bottom, D. L.
Campbell, L. A.
Stein, S.
TI The contribution of estuary-resident life histories to the return of
adult Oncorhynchus kisutch
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE life-history diversity; Oregon; otolith microchemistry; Salmon River;
survival; winter habitat
ID JUVENILE COHO SALMON; RIVER ESTUARY; OTOLITH MICROCHEMISTRY; HABITAT
USE; OREGON; RESILIENCE; WASHINGTON; MOVEMENTS; MIGRATION; STREAMS
AB This study evaluated estuarine habitat use, life-history composition, growth and survival of four successive broods of coho salmon Oncoryhnchus kisutch in Salmon River, Oregon, U. S. A. Subyearling and yearling O. kisutch used restored and natural estuarine wetlands, particularly in the spring and winter. Stream-reared yearling smolts spent an average of 2 weeks in the estuary growing rapidly before entering the ocean. Emergent fry also entered the estuary in the spring, and some resided in a tidal marsh throughout the summer, even as salinities increased to >20. A significant portion of the summer stream-resident population of juvenile O. kisutch migrated out of the catchment in the autumn and winter and used estuary wetlands and adjacent streams as alternative winter-rearing habitats until the spring when they entered the ocean as yearling smolts. Passive integrated transponder (PIT) tag returns and juvenile life-history reconstructions from otoliths of returning adults revealed that four juvenile life-history types contributed to the adult population. Estuarine-associated life-history strategies accounted for 20-35% of the adults returning to spawn in the four brood years, indicating that a sizable proportion of the total O. kisutch production is ignored by conventional estimates based on stream habitat capacity. Juvenile O. kisutch responses to the reconnection of previously unavailable estuarine habitats have led to greater life-history diversity in the population and reflect greater phenotypic plasticity of the species in the U. S. Pacific Northwest than previously recognized. (C) 2014 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
C1 [Jones, K. K.; Cornwell, T. J.; Stein, S.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Bottom, D. L.] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Campbell, L. A.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
RP Jones, KK (reprint author), Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM kim.jones@oregonstate.edu
FU Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board (OWEB); Oregon Department of Fish and
Wildlife; NOAA Fisheries
FX We appreciate the research funding provided through the Oregon Watershed
Enhancement Board (OWEB) and support from Oregon Department of Fish and
Wildlife and NOAA Fisheries. The USFS has been responsible for extensive
estuarine restoration within the Cascade Head Scenic Research Area, with
assistance from OWEB. D. Welch and other personnel at the ODFW Salmon
River hatchery and staff from Miami Corporation provided logistical
support and access. L. Borgerson analysed the adult O. kisutch scales.
J. Peterson of Oregon State University graciously evaluated the survival
rates. Special thanks to L. Nguyen, S. Orlaineta and A. Claiborne from
the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Ageing and Otolith
Laboratories for otolith sample preparation. We gratefully acknowledge
the contributions of field staff that operated the screw trap, conducted
field surveys and collected otoliths. Thorough reviews provided by three
anonymous referees improved the manuscript immensely.
NR 58
TC 20
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 1
SI SI
BP 52
EP 80
DI 10.1111/jfb.12380
PG 29
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AL2HE
UT WOS:000338945800004
PM 24766645
ER
PT J
AU Kim, YS
Dagalakis, NG
Gupta, SK
AF Kim, Y-S
Dagalakis, N. G.
Gupta, S. K.
TI Design of MEMS based three-axis motion stage by incorporating a nested
structure
SO JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE MEMS; three-axis; motion stage; nested structure; serial kinematic
mechanism
ID ELECTROTHERMAL ACTUATORS; THERMAL ACTUATOR; PARALLEL; NANOPOSITIONER;
MICROGRIPPER; FABRICATION; SILICON; BEAM
AB A new design of three degrees-of-freedom (DOF) translational motion stage (XYZ stage) is presented in this paper. This XYZ stage is based on MEMS and designed by combining three existing one-DOF motion stages through a nested structure. By utilizing the previously developed stages, this approach can reduce the effort for the design and analysis steps and ensure reasonable reliability. For successful implementation, electrical connection to the engaged stages, electrical isolation among them, and additional floating frames are introduced for the chosen one-DOF motion stages. With these features, the presented XYZ stage is successfully fabricated and demonstrates the range of motion of 53.98, 49.15, and 22.91 mu m along X, Y, and Z axes, respectively. The coupled motion errors among the engaged stages can be reduced to be less than 1 mu m with the proposed compensation method.
C1 [Kim, Y-S; Gupta, S. K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kim, Y-S; Gupta, S. K.] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kim, Y-S; Dagalakis, N. G.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Intelligent Syst Div, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kim, YS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM mk37do@gmail.com
FU Measurement Science for Intelligent Manufacturing Robotics and
Automation Program of the Intelligent Systems Division, Engineering
Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
FX The authors would like to thank Dr Richard Gates for his valuable advice
and support on the experiments for the frequency response. This research
was performed in part in the NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and
Technology Nano Fabrication Clean Room. This work was supported by the
Measurement Science for Intelligent Manufacturing Robotics and
Automation Program of the Intelligent Systems Division, Engineering
Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA.
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 11
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0960-1317
EI 1361-6439
J9 J MICROMECH MICROENG
JI J. Micromech. Microeng.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 7
AR 075009
DI 10.1088/0960-1317/24/7/075009
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments &
Instrumentation; Physics
GA AL1XC
UT WOS:000338918600009
ER
PT J
AU Li, YL
Han, WQ
Shinoda, T
Wang, CZ
Ravichandran, M
Wang, JW
AF Li, Yuanlong
Han, Weiqing
Shinoda, Toshiaki
Wang, Chunzai
Ravichandran, M.
Wang, Jih-Wang
TI Revisiting the Wintertime Intraseasonal SST Variability in the Tropical
South Indian Ocean: Impact of the Ocean Interannual Variation
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; SEA-SURFACE
TEMPERATURE; TROPOSPHERIC BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; MIXED-LAYER; SEYCHELLES
DOME; DIURNAL CYCLE; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; SEASONAL-VARIATION; MONSOON
RAINFALL
AB Intraseasonal sea surface temperature (SST) variability over the Seychelles-Chagos thermocline ridge (SCTR; 128-4 degrees S, 558-85 degrees E) induced by boreal wintertime Madden-Julian oscillations (MJOs) is investigated with a series of OGCM experiments forced by the best available atmospheric data. The impact of the ocean interannual variation (OIV), for example, the thermocline depth changes in the SCTR, is assessed. The results show that surface shortwave radiation (SWR), wind speed-controlled turbulent heat fluxes, and wind stress-driven ocean processes are all important in causing the MJO-related intraseasonal SST variability. The effect of the OIV is significant in the eastern part of the SCTR (70 degrees-85 degrees E), where the intraseasonal SSTs are strengthened by about 20% during the 2001-11 period. In the western part (55 degrees-70 degrees E), such effect is relatively small and not significant. The relative importance of the three dominant forcing factors is adjusted by the OIV, with increased (decreased) contribution from wind stress (wind speed and SWR). The OIV also tends to intensify the year-to-year variability of the intraseasonal SST amplitude. In general, a stronger (weaker) SCTR favors larger (smaller) SST responses to the MJO forcing. Because of the nonlinearity of the upper-ocean thermal stratification, especially the mixed layer depth (MLD), the OIV imposes an asymmetric impact on the intraseasonal SSTs between the strong and weak SCTR conditions. In the eastern SCTR, both the heat flux forcing and entrainment are greatly amplified under the strong SCTR condition, but only slightly suppressed under the weak SCTR condition, leading to an overall strengthening effect by the OIV.
C1 [Li, Yuanlong; Han, Weiqing] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Shinoda, Toshiaki] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Corpus Christi, TX USA.
[Wang, Chunzai] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Ravichandran, M.] Indian Natl Ctr Ocean Informat Serv, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
[Wang, Jih-Wang] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Li, YL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Campus Box 311, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM yuanlong.li@colorado.edu
RI Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009; Shinoda, Toshiaki/J-3745-2016;
OI Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308; Shinoda,
Toshiaki/0000-0003-1416-2206; Ravichandran,
Muthalagu/0000-0002-4602-0731
FU NOAA [NA11OAR4310100]; NSF CAREER Award [0847605]
FX Y. Li and W. Han are supported by NOAA NA11OAR4310100 and NSF CAREER
Award 0847605. Insightful comments and suggestions from two anonymous
reviewers and the editor Dr. William Kessler are very helpful in
improving our work. This work also benefits from the discussion with Dr.
Michael McPhaden. We appreciate the help from Office of Information
Technology (OIT) of University of Colorado in maintaining the
computational resources. We thank Allan Wallcraft for the technical
consultation on HYCOM model.
NR 109
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
EI 1520-0485
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 44
IS 7
BP 1886
EP 1907
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-13-0238.1
PG 22
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AL5OT
UT WOS:000339183800012
ER
PT J
AU Kamazawa, K
Harada, M
Araki, T
Matsuo, Y
Tyagi, M
Sugiyama, J
AF Kamazawa, Kazuya
Harada, Masashi
Araki, Toru
Matsuo, Yasumitsu
Tyagi, Madhusudan
Sugiyama, Jun
TI Interrelationship between Number of Mobile Protons, Diffusion
Coefficient, and AC Conductivity in Superprotonic Conductors, CsHSO4 and
Rb3H(SeO4)(2)
SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; PHASE; CRYSTALS; HYDROGEN; MODEL; MECHANISM;
ENTROPY; ICE
AB Using quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS), we investigated the proton dynamics for two superprotonic conductors, CsHSO4 and Rb3H(SeO4)(2). To evaluate the self-diffusion coefficients and the number of mobile protons on both superprotonic and normal phases, we focused on proton dynamics not only in the phase above T-c, but also in the phase below T-c. In Rb3H(SeO4)(2), the self-diffusion of protons was observed even below the T-c phase. In contrast to popular belief, no large changes in the self-diffusion coefficients were observed across T-c. Nevertheless, the increase in the number of mobile protons across T-c was about 14.5 times, which was estimated from the integrated intensity of QENS spectra, and this change could not account for the increased magnitude of proton conductivity, which is about 500 times. As a large translational self-diffusion coefficient has not been reported in previous works by QENS experiments, there are still unknown factors that contribute to the Nernst-Einstein relation that need to be discovered.
C1 [Kamazawa, Kazuya; Harada, Masashi; Araki, Toru; Sugiyama, Jun] Toyota Cent Res & Dev Labs Inc, Nagakute, Aichi 4801192, Japan.
[Matsuo, Yasumitsu] Setsunan Univ, Dept Life Sci, Neyagawa, Osaka 5728508, Japan.
[Tyagi, Madhusudan] NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tyagi, Madhusudan] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Kamazawa, K (reprint author), CROSS, Tokai, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
EM k_kamazawa@cross.or.jp
RI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/M-4693-2014; Sugiyama, Jun/M-6535-2015
OI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/0000-0002-4364-7176; Sugiyama,
Jun/0000-0002-0916-5333
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]; National Institute of
Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce; Ministry of
Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan [23108003]
FX This work utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. We acknowledge the support
of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department
of Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities used in this
work. Part of this work was also supported by a Grant-in-Aid for
Scientific Research on Innovative Areas "Ultra Slow Muon" (No.
23108003), from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and
Technology, Japan.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 13
PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN
PI TOKYO
PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034,
JAPAN
SN 0031-9015
J9 J PHYS SOC JPN
JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 83
IS 7
AR 074604
DI 10.7566/JPSJ.83.074604
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AL3RZ
UT WOS:000339047900025
ER
PT J
AU Yajima, T
Takeiri, F
Nozaki, Y
Li, Z
Tohyama, T
Green, MA
Kobayashi, Y
Kageyama, H
AF Yajima, Takeshi
Takeiri, Fumitaka
Nozaki, Yasumasa
Li, Zhi
Tohyama, Takami
Green, Mark A.
Kobayashi, Yoji
Kageyama, Hiroshi
TI Superconductivity in the Hypervalent Compound Ba2Bi(Sb1-xBix)(2) with a
Square-Honeycomb Lattice
SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
LA English
DT Article
ID CHARGE-DENSITY WAVES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PNICTIDES; ELEMENT; PHASE
AB We studied the structural and physical properties of the hypervalent system Ba2Bi(Sb1-xBix)(2) (0 <= x <= 1) with an anisotropic "square-honeycomb" layer. We found that the orthorhombic Ba2BiSb2 (x = 0) shows a charge density wave (CDW) transition at approximately 230K accompanied by a significant elongation of the b-axis, indicating the quasione- dimensional nature along the b-axis in its electronic state, as supported by first-principles calculations. This CDW transition is rapidly suppressed with increasing x, leading to the appearance of superconductivity for 0.375 <= x <= 1. The superconducting transition temperature T-c increases slightly with x and the maximum T-c was 4.4K for Ba2Bi3 (x = 1).
C1 [Yajima, Takeshi; Takeiri, Fumitaka; Nozaki, Yasumasa; Kobayashi, Yoji; Kageyama, Hiroshi] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Energy & Hydrocarbon Chem, Kyoto 6158510, Japan.
[Yajima, Takeshi] Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778581, Japan.
[Li, Zhi] Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Phys, Northridge, CA 91330 USA.
[Tohyama, Takami] Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
[Tohyama, Takami] Tokyo Univ Sci, Dept Appl Phys, Tokyo 1258585, Japan.
[Green, Mark A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yajima, T (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Energy & Hydrocarbon Chem, Kyoto 6158510, Japan.
EM yajima@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp; kage@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp
RI Kageyama, Hiroshi/A-4602-2010
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) through its "Funding
Program for World-Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technology
(FIRST) Program"
FX We thank J. Kim and A. Fujiwara for their help in synchrotron XRD
measurements. This work was supported by the Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science (JSPS) through its "Funding Program for
World-Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technology (FIRST) Program".
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 32
PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN
PI TOKYO
PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034,
JAPAN
SN 0031-9015
J9 J PHYS SOC JPN
JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 83
IS 7
AR 073705
DI 10.7566/JPSJ.83.073705
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA AL3RZ
UT WOS:000339047900008
ER
PT J
AU Dalebout, ML
Baker, CS
Steel, D
Thompson, K
Robertson, KM
Chivers, SJ
Perrin, WF
Goonatilake, M
Anderson, RC
Mead, JG
Potter, CW
Thompson, L
Jupiter, D
Yamada, TK
AF Dalebout, Merel L.
Baker, C. Scott
Steel, Debbie
Thompson, Kirsten
Robertson, Kelly M.
Chivers, Susan J.
Perrin, William F.
Goonatilake, Manori
Anderson, R. Charles
Mead, James G.
Potter, Charles W.
Thompson, Lisa
Jupiter, Danielle
Yamada, Tadasu K.
TI Resurrection of Mesoplodon hotaula Deraniyagala 1963: A new species of
beaked whale in the tropical Indo-Pacific
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE speciation; taxonomy; species delimitation; mtDNA; nuclear introns;
Y-chromosome; morphology; Mesoplodon; beaked whale
ID DNA EXTRACTION; ANCIENT DNA; ZIPHIIDAE; PURIFICATION; SEQUENCE; NUCLEAR;
CETACEA; DISTINCTIVENESS; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; DELIMITATION
AB We present genetic and morphological evidence supporting the recognition of a previously synonymized species of Mesoplodon beaked whale in the tropical Indo-Pacific, Mesoplodon hotaula. Although the new species is closely-related to the rare ginkgo-toothed beaked whale M. ginkgodens, we show that these two lineages can be differentiated by maternally (mitochondrial DNA), biparentally (autosomal), and paternally (Y chromosome) inherited DNA sequences, as well as by morphological features. The reciprocal monophyly of the mtDNA genealogies and the largely parapatric distribution of these lineages is consistent with reproductive isolation. The new lineage is currently known from at least seven specimens: Sri Lanka (1), Gilbert Islands, Republic of Kiribati (1+), Palmyra Atoll, Northern Line Islands, U. S. A. (3), Maldives (1), and Seychelles (1). The type specimen (Sri Lanka) was described as a new species, M. hotaula, in 1963, but later synonymized with M. ginkgodens. This discovery brings the total number of Mesoplodon species to 15, making it, by far, the most speciose yet least known genus of cetaceans.
C1 [Dalebout, Merel L.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Baker, C. Scott; Steel, Debbie; Thompson, Kirsten] Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland 1000, New Zealand.
[Baker, C. Scott; Steel, Debbie] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Marine Mammal Inst, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Robertson, Kelly M.; Chivers, Susan J.; Perrin, William F.] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Goonatilake, Manori] Dept Natl Museums, Colombo 7, Sri Lanka.
[Anderson, R. Charles] Manta Marine Pvt Ltd, Male, Maldives.
[Mead, James G.; Potter, Charles W.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Thompson, Lisa; Jupiter, Danielle] Isl Conservat Soc Fdn Conservat Iles Pointe Larue, Victoria, Seychelles.
[Yamada, Tadasu K.] Natl Sci Museum, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1690073, Japan.
RP Dalebout, ML (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM mereldalebout@gmail.com
OI Thompson, Kirsten Freja/0000-0003-4277-3549
FU US Marine Mammal Commission; National Geographic Society
FX For collection and access to samples and specimens, we thank Roger V.
Grace (Kiribati), NOAA Pacific Islands Regional Office, U. S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, and the Nature Conservancy (Palmyra Atoll), New
Zealand Department of Conservation field center staff (NZ DoC), John
Wang, FormosaCetus, Taiwan, Janette Norman and Wayne Longmore, Museum
Victoria, Melbourne, Australia, and Abdullah Asif Waheed, Maldives. We
thank the Director General of the Department of Wildlife Conservation of
Sri Lanka, and the Director of Departments of the National Museums of
Sri Lanka for permission to sample the M. hotaula holotype and
tissue-export permits. We thank Bob Pitman, US NMFS Southwest Fisheries
Science Center, for discussion regarding color pattern differences,
Anton van Helden, National Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa for
photographs and discussion regarding M. ginkgodens. This manuscript
benefitted from comments by Randall Reeves, IUCN Cetacean Specialist
Group, and three anonymous reviewers. For additional photographs, we
thank Hans Stoffregen and Bryan Williams (NZ DoC). Partial funding for
laboratory analyses was provided by grants to CSB from the US Marine
Mammal Commission and the National Geographic Society. MLD is a Visiting
Fellow at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
NR 62
TC 12
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 37
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1081
EP 1108
DI 10.1111/mms.12113
PG 28
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA AL4KM
UT WOS:000339101800013
ER
PT J
AU Eguchi, T
AF Eguchi, Tomoharu
TI Estimating the proportion of identifiable individuals and group sizes in
photographic identification studies
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE abundance; Bayesian statistics; Bugs language; capture-mark-recapture
analysis; hierarchical models
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE METHODS; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS;
PHOTOIDENTIFICATION DATA; NEW-ZEALAND; POPULATION ABUNDANCE; HUMPBACK
WHALES; DOUBTFUL SOUND; SPERM-WHALES; SURVIVAL
AB Simple Bayesian statistical models are introduced to estimate the proportion of identifiable individuals and group sizes in photographic identification, or photo-ID, studies of animals that are found in groups. The models require a simple random photographic sampling of animals, where the photographic captures are treated as sampling with replacement within each group. The total number of images, including those that cannot be identified, and the number of images that contain identifiable individuals are used to make inference about the proportion of identifiable individuals within each group and as the population when a number of groups are sampled. The numbers of images for individuals within each group are used to make inference about the group size. Based on analyses of simulated and real data, the models perform well with respect to accuracy and precision of posterior distributions of the parameters. Widths of posterior intervals were affected by the number of groups sampled, sampling duration, and the proportion of identifiable individuals in each group that was sampled. The structure of the models can accommodate covariates, which may affect photographic efficiency, defined in this study as the probability of photographically capturing individuals.
C1 NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Eguchi, T (reprint author), NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM tomo.eguchi@noaa.gov
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1122
EP 1139
DI 10.1111/mms.12119
PG 18
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA AL4KM
UT WOS:000339101800015
ER
PT J
AU Johanos, TC
Harting, AL
Wurth, TA
Baker, JD
AF Johanos, Thea C.
Harting, Albert L.
Wurth, Tracy A.
Baker, Jason D.
TI Range-wide movement patterns of Hawaiian monk seals
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ABUNDANCE; ISLANDS; DISEASE
C1 [Johanos, Thea C.; Baker, Jason D.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
[Harting, Albert L.] Harting Biol Consulting, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Wurth, Tracy A.] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Johanos, TC (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1601 Kapiolani Blvd, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
EM thea.johanos-kam@noaa.gov
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1165
EP 1174
DI 10.1111/mms.12084
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA AL4KM
UT WOS:000339101800019
ER
PT J
AU de Oliveira, LR
Brownell, RL
AF de Oliveira, Larissa Rosa
Brownell, Robert L., Jr.
TI Taxonomic status of two subspecies of South American fur seals:
Arctocephalus australis australis vs. A. a. gracilis
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID LIONS
C1 [de Oliveira, Larissa Rosa] Univ Vale Rio Sinos UNISINOS, Lab Ecol Mamiferos, BR-93022000 Sao Leopoldo, RS, Brazil.
[de Oliveira, Larissa Rosa] GEMARS, Grp Estudos Mamiferos Aquat Rio Grande do Sul, BR-95625000 Imbe, RS, Brazil.
[Brownell, Robert L., Jr.] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
RP de Oliveira, LR (reprint author), Univ Vale Rio Sinos UNISINOS, Lab Ecol Mamiferos, Av Unisinos 950,Ctr 2,Bloco D,Sala 2D221, BR-93022000 Sao Leopoldo, RS, Brazil.
EM lari.minuano@gmail.com
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 3
BP 1258
EP 1263
DI 10.1111/mms.12098
PG 6
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA AL4KM
UT WOS:000339101800028
ER
PT J
AU Arrigo, KR
Perovich, DK
Pickart, RS
Brown, ZW
van Dijken, GL
Lowry, KE
Mills, MM
Palmer, MA
Balch, WM
Bates, NR
Benitez-Nelson, CR
Brownlee, E
Frey, KE
Laney, SR
Mathis, J
Matsuoka, A
Mitchell, BG
Moore, GWK
Reynolds, RA
Sosik, HM
Swift, JH
AF Arrigo, Kevin R.
Perovich, Donald K.
Pickart, Robert S.
Brown, Zachary W.
van Dijken, Gert L.
Lowry, Kate E.
Mills, Matthew M.
Palmer, Molly A.
Balch, William M.
Bates, Nicholas R.
Benitez-Nelson, Claudia R.
Brownlee, Emily
Frey, Karen E.
Laney, Samuel R.
Mathis, Jeremy
Matsuoka, Atsushi
Mitchell, B. Greg
Moore, G. W. K.
Reynolds, Rick A.
Sosik, Heidi M.
Swift, James H.
TI Phytoplankton blooms beneath the sea ice in the Chukchi sea
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic; Sea ice; Phytoplankton
ID MARINE MAMMALS; BERING STRAIT; ARCTIC-OCEAN; BARENTS SEA; ALGAL BLOOM;
FOOD WEBS; SUMMER; SHELF; FLOW; PHOTOSYNTHESIS
AB In the Arctic Ocean, phytoplankton blooms on continental shelves are often limited by light availability, and are therefore thought to be restricted to waters free of sea ice. During July 2011 in the Chukchi Sea, a large phytoplankton bloom was observed beneath fully consolidated pack ice and extended from the ice edge to > 100 km into the pack The bloom was composed primarily of diatoms, with biomass reaching 1291 mg chlorophyll alpha m(-2) and rates of carbon fixation as high as 3.7 g C m(-2) d(-1). Although the sea ice where the bloom was observed was near 100% concentration and 0.8-12 m thick, 30-40% of its surface was covered by melt ponds that transmitted 4-fold more light than adjacent areas of bare ice, providing sufficient light for phytoplankton to bloom. Phytoplankton growth rates associated with the under-ice bloom averaged 0.9 d(-1) and were as high as 1.6 d(-1). We argue that a thinning sea ice cover with more numerous melt ponds over the past decade has enhanced light penetration through the sea ice into the upper water column, favoring the development of these blooms. These observations, coupled with additional biogeochemical evidence, suggest that phytoplankton blooms are currently widespread on nutrient-rich Arctic continental shelves and that satellite-based estimates of annual primary production in waters where under-ice blooms develop are similar to 10-fold too low. These massive phytoplankton blooms represent a marked shift in our understanding of Arctic marine ecosystems. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Arrigo, Kevin R.; Brown, Zachary W.; van Dijken, Gert L.; Lowry, Kate E.; Mills, Matthew M.; Palmer, Molly A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Environm Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Perovich, Donald K.] Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Perovich, Donald K.] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Pickart, Robert S.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Phys Oceanog, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Balch, William M.] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, Harbor, ME 04575 USA.
[Bates, Nicholas R.] Bermuda Inst Ocean Sci, St Georges, Bermuda.
[Benitez-Nelson, Claudia R.] Univ S Carolina, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Benitez-Nelson, Claudia R.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Brownlee, Emily; Laney, Samuel R.; Sosik, Heidi M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Frey, Karen E.] Clark Univ, Grad Sch Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA.
[Mathis, Jeremy] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Matsuoka, Atsushi] Univ Paris 06, Lab Oceanog Villefranche, F-06238 Villefranche Sur Mer, France.
[Matsuoka, Atsushi] Univ Laval, Dept Biol, Takuvik Joint Int Lab, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada.
[Matsuoka, Atsushi] Univ Laval, Quebec Ocean, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada.
[Mitchell, B. Greg; Reynolds, Rick A.; Swift, James H.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Moore, G. W. K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
RP Arrigo, KR (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Environm Earth Syst Sci, 473 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM arrigo@stanford.edu
OI Benitez-Nelson, Claudia/0000-0002-1004-5048; Reynolds,
Rick/0000-0002-1579-3600; Lowry, Kate/0000-0002-1604-5428; Sosik,
Heidi/0000-0002-4591-2842
FU Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Program; Cryosphere Science Program of
the National Aeronautic and Space Administration [NNX10AF42G,
NNH10A017I, NNX10AT67G, NNX10AG36G, NNX09AE42G, NNX11AF65G, NNX10AH71G,
NNX10AGO7G, NNX10AG05G]
FX This research was supported by the Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry
Program and the Cryosphere Science Program of the National Aeronautic
and Space Administration (NNX10AF42G to K. Arrigo, R. Pickart, and J.
Swift, NNH10A017I to D. Perovich, NNX10AT67G to W. Balch, NNX10AG36G to
N. Bates and J. Mathis, NNX09AE42G and NNX11AF65G to B. G. Mitchell and
C. Benitez-Nelson, NNX10AH71G to K. Frey, NNX10AGO7G to S. Laney and H.
Sosik, and NNX10AG05G to R. Reynolds) and by the Malina project. We
would like to thank the captain and crew of the USCGC Healy.
NR 91
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 11
U2 92
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 105
BP 1
EP 16
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.03.018
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AL2TP
UT WOS:000338978700001
ER
PT J
AU Hartten, LM
Johnston, PE
AF Hartten, Leslie M.
Johnston, Paul E.
TI Stratocumulus-Topped Marine Boundary Layer Processes Revealed by the
Absence of Profiler Reflectivity
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CLOUDS; AIR; ATMOSPHERE; SYSTEM; RADARS; MODEL; ARRAY
AB Stratocumulus (Sc) clouds occur frequently over the cold waters of the southeastern Pacific Ocean. Data collected during two Pan American Climate Study research cruises in the tropical eastern Pacific illuminate many aspects of this Sc-topped marine boundary layer (MBL). Here the focus is on understanding gaps in detectable wind-profiler reflectivities during two boreal autumn cruises. After rigorous quality control that included applying the Riddle threshold of minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) detectability, there are many instances with no measurable atmospheric signals through a depth of up to several hundred meters, often lasting for an hour or more. Rain gauge data from the autumn 2004 cruise are used to calibrate the profiler, which allows SNR to be converted to both equivalent reflectivity and the structure-function parameter of the index of refraction C-n(2) Profiles of C-n(2) statistics from the two profiler modes (resolutions) highlight the wide range of C-n(2) during a 24-h period and bound the atmosphere's C-n(2) when low-mode gaps are not mirrored in the high-mode data. Considering the gaps in terms of C-n(2) allows them to be understood as indications of reduced "top down" buoyancy processes and/or reduced turbulent intensity, both of which have been demonstrated by previous researchers to be associated with decoupling within the Sc-topped MBL. A decoupling index calculated from surface and ceilometer data strongly suggests that decoupled conditions were common and that the MBL was coupled when gaps in profiler reflectivity were unlikely. Further study of data from other cruises may lead to a method of using profiler reflectivity as an indicator of decoupled conditions.
C1 [Hartten, Leslie M.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Hartten, LM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM leslie.m.hartten@noaa.gov
RI Hartten, Leslie/F-1970-2010; Johnston, Paul/E-1914-2016
OI Hartten, Leslie/0000-0002-5620-6302; Johnston, Paul/0000-0002-4046-9351
FU NOAA's Climate Program Office
FX Thanks are given to Laura Bianco for MATLAB code; to Aaron Pina and
Javier Lujan for sharing their enthusiasm and creativity; to Wayne
Angevine for thought-provoking conversations; to Holger Voemel for
providing guidance on water vapor pressure formulations (available at
http://cires.colorado.edu/similar to voemel/vp.html); and to Ludovic
Bariteau, Chris Fairall, Sergio Pezoa, Dave Welsh, and Dan Wolfe for
helpful discussions about cruise instrumentation and data. We appreciate
the questions and comments from Peggy LeMone and two anonymous
reviewers, which led us to improve our analysis, thoughts, and
presentation. The ISCCP D2 data were obtained online in June 2011 from
the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project
(http://isccp.giss.nasa.gov, maintained by the ISCCP research group at
the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies). Colors in figures are
based on values from ColorBrewer.org. This work was supported by grants
from NOAA's Climate Program Office to the NOAA/ESRL/Physical Sciences
Division.
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 7
BP 1775
EP 1789
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0308.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AL0KY
UT WOS:000338817000006
ER
PT J
AU Wang, CP
Luo, ZJ
Chen, XH
Zeng, XP
Tao, WK
Huang, XL
AF Wang, Chunpeng
Luo, Zhengzhao Johnny
Chen, Xiuhong
Zeng, Xiping
Tao, Wei-Kuo
Huang, Xianglei
TI A Physically Based Algorithm for Non-Blackbody Correction of Cloud-Top
Temperature and Application to Convection Study
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER MODEL; A-TRAIN; ICE; RETRIEVAL; MODIS; PRECIPITATION;
MICROPHYSICS; SIMULATION; PRODUCTS; RADAR
AB Cloud-top temperature (CTT) is an important parameter for convective clouds and is usually different from the 11-mu m brightness temperature due to non-blackbody effects. This paper presents an algorithm for estimating convective CTT by using simultaneous passive [Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)] and active [CloudSat + Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO)] measurements of clouds to correct for the non-blackbody effect. To do this, a weighting function of the MODIS 11-mu m band is explicitly calculated by feeding cloud hydrometer profiles from CloudSat and CALIPSO retrievals and temperature and humidity profiles based on ECMWF analyses into a radiation transfer model. Among 16 837 tropical deep convective clouds observed by CloudSat in 2008, the averaged effective emission level (EEL) of the 11-mu m channel is located at optical depth similar to 0.72, with a standard deviation of 0,3. The distance between the EEL and cloud-top height determined by CloudSat is shown to be related to a parameter called cloud-top fuzziness (CTF), defined as the vertical separation between -30 and 10 dBZ of CloudSat radar reflectivity. On the basis of thee findings a relationship is then developed between the CTF and the difference between MODIS 11-mu m brightness temperature and physical CTT, the latter being the non-blackbody correction of CTT. Correction of the non-blackbody effect of CTT is applied to analyze convective cloud-top buoyancy. With this correction, about 70% of the convective cores observed by CloudSat in the height range of 6-10 km have positive buoyancy near cloud top, meaning clouds are still growing vertically, although their final fate cannot be determined by snapshot observations.
C1 [Wang, Chunpeng; Chen, Xiuhong; Huang, Xianglei] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Luo, Zhengzhao Johnny] CUNY City Coll, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Luo, Zhengzhao Johnny] CUNY City Coll, NOAA, Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Zeng, Xiping; Tao, Wei-Kuo] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Mesoscale Atmospher Proc Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Wang, CP (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, 2455 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM cpwang@umich.edu
RI Huang, Xianglei/G-6127-2011; Chen, Xiuhong/P-4030-2014
OI Huang, Xianglei/0000-0002-7129-614X;
FU NASA MAP project [NNX09AJ46G]; NASA CloudSat/CALIPSO Science Team
[NNX10AM31G]; SEAC4RS Science Team [NNX12AC13G]
FX The CloudSat data were obtained from the CloudSat Data Processing
Center. The MODIS data were obtained from NASA Goddard DISC. The ECMWF
interim data used in this study were obtained online
(http://data.ecmwf.int/data/). We thank all three reviewers for their
insightful and thorough comments, which greatly improved the clarity of
the article. This research is supported by the NASA MAP project under
Grant NNX09AJ46G awarded to the University of Michigan, the NASA
CloudSat/CALIPSO Science Team under Grant NNX10AM31G, and the SEAC4RS
Science Team under Grant NNX12AC13G, awarded to the City University of
New York (CUNY).
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 7
BP 1844
EP 1857
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-13-0331.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AL0KY
UT WOS:000338817000010
ER
PT J
AU Orecna, M
De Paoli, SH
Janouskova, O
Tegegn, TZ
Filipova, M
Bonevich, JE
Holada, K
Simak, J
AF Orecna, Martina
De Paoli, Silvia H.
Janouskova, Olga
Tegegn, Tseday Z.
Filipova, Marcela
Bonevich, John E.
Holada, Karel
Simak, Jan
TI Toxicity of carboxylated carbon nanotubes in endothelial cells is
attenuated by stimulation of the autophagic flux with the release of
nanomaterial in autophagic vesicles
SO NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon nanotubes; Autophagy; Bafilomycin A1; Exocytosis; Microvesicles
ID IN-VITRO; UNCONVENTIONAL SECRETION; MEMBRANE MICROPARTICLES;
BLOOD-PLATELETS; CALCIUM-ENTRY; BAFILOMYCIN; DISEASE; PROTEIN; CANCER;
DEATH
AB Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit a number of unique properties that make them attractive for various nanomedicine applications including their intravascular use. Therefore, the vascular toxicity of CNTs is a critical safety concern and methods of CNTs toxicity modulation are of great interest. Here, we report that carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) induce a decrease in viability of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) associated with the profound accumulation of autophagosomes. This autophagosome accumulation was mTOR kinase independent and was caused by blockade of the autophagic flux rather than by activation of autophagy. Stimulation of the autophagic flux with 1 nmol/L bafilomycin A1 attenuated the cytotoxicity of carboxylated MWCNTs in HUVECs and was associated with the extracellular release of the nanomaterial in autophagic microvesicles. Thus, pharmacological stimulation of the autophagic flux may represent a new method of cytoprotection against toxic effects of nanomaterials.
From the Clinical Editor: This study investigates the mechanisms of toxicity of multiwalled carbon nanutubes on human endothelial cells, concluding that pharmacological stimulation of autophagic flux may represent a new method of cytoprotection against the toxic effects of these nanomaterials. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Orecna, Martina; De Paoli, Silvia H.; Tegegn, Tseday Z.; Simak, Jan] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
[Janouskova, Olga; Filipova, Marcela; Holada, Karel] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med 1, Inst Immunol & Microbiol, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Janouskova, Olga] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Macromol Chem, Prague, Czech Republic.
[Bonevich, John E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Simak, J (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
EM jan.simak@fda.hhs.gov
RI Janouskova, Olga/H-4110-2014
OI Janouskova, Olga/0000-0002-1365-6274
FU Research Participation Program at the Center for Biologics Evaluation
and Research; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of Czech Republic
[LH12014]; Charles University in Prague [SVV260026, PRVOUK-P24/LF1/3,
UNCE 204022]
FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research
Participation Program at the Center for Biologics Evaluation and
Research administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and
Education through and interagency agreement between the U. S. Department
of Energy and the U. S. Food and Drug Administration. In addition, the
study was supported in part by the Grant LH12014 from the Ministry of
Education, Youth and Sports of Czech Republic. M. F., K. H. and O.J.
were supported by projects of Charles University in Prague: SVV260026,
PRVOUK-P24/LF1/3 and UNCE 204022, respectively.
NR 40
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1549-9634
EI 1549-9642
J9 NANOMED-NANOTECHNOL
JI Nanomed.-Nanotechnol. Biol. Med.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 5
BP 939
EP 948
DI 10.1016/j.nano.2014.02.001
PG 10
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA AK9GS
UT WOS:000338736200007
PM 24566271
ER
PT J
AU Ciannelli, L
Hunsicker, M
Beaudreau, A
Bailey, K
Crowder, LB
Finley, C
Webb, C
Reynolds, J
Sagmiller, K
Anderies, JM
Hawthorne, D
Parrish, J
Heppell, S
Conway, F
Chigbu, P
AF Ciannelli, Lorenzo
Hunsicker, Mary
Beaudreau, Anne
Bailey, Kevin
Crowder, Larry B.
Finley, Carmel
Webb, Colleen
Reynolds, John
Sagmiller, Kay
Anderies, John M.
Hawthorne, David
Parrish, Julia
Heppell, Selina
Conway, Flaxen
Chigbu, Paulinus
TI Transdisciplinary graduate education in marine resource science and
management
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE experiential learning; graduate education; professional skills;
transdisciplinary
ID INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH; CONSERVATION BIOLOGISTS
AB In this article we consider the current educational needs for science and policy in marine resource management, and we propose a way to address them. The existing literature on cross-disciplinary education in response to pressing environmental problems is vast, particularly in conservation biology. However, actual changes in doctoral-level marine science programs lag behind this literature considerably. This is in part because of concerns about the time investment in cross-disciplinary education and about the job prospects offered by such programs. There is also a more fundamental divide between educational programs that focus on knowledge generation and those that focus on professional development, which can reinforce the gap in communication between scientists and marine resource managers. Ultimately, transdisciplinary graduate education programs need not only to bridge the divide between disciplines, but also between types of knowledge. Our proposed curriculum aligns well with these needs because it does not sacrifice depth for breadth, and it emphasizes collaboration and communication among diverse groups of students, in addition to development of their individual knowledge and skills.
C1 [Ciannelli, Lorenzo] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Hunsicker, Mary] Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
[Beaudreau, Anne] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Div Fisheries, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Bailey, Kevin] Man & Sea Inst LLC, Seattle, WA 98125 USA.
[Crowder, Larry B.] Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Finley, Carmel] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Webb, Colleen] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Reynolds, John] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Earth Ocean Res Grp, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Sagmiller, Kay] Oregon State Univ, Ctr Teaching & Learning, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Anderies, John M.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Anderies, John M.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Hawthorne, David] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hawthorne, David] Univ Maryland, Natl Ctr Socioenvironm Synth, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Parrish, Julia] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Heppell, Selina] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Conway, Flaxen] Oregon State Univ, Sch Publ Policy, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Chigbu, Paulinus] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, NOAA, Living Marine Resources Cooperat Sci Ctr, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA.
RP Ciannelli, L (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM lciannel@coas.oregonstate.edu
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) Science, Engineering and Education for
Sustainability (SEES) Research Coordination Network [1140207]
FX We acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation (NSF)
Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability (SEES) Research
Coordination Network, Grant 1140207 "Sustainability of Marine Renewable
Resources in Subarctic Systems Under Incumbent Environmental Variability
and Human Exploitation".
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 44
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 5
BP 1047
EP 1051
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsu067
PG 5
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AK7TO
UT WOS:000338630800003
ER
PT J
AU Kotwicki, S
Ianelli, JN
Punt, AE
AF Kotwicki, Stan
Ianelli, James N.
Punt, Andre E.
TI Correcting density-dependent effects in abundance estimates from
bottom-trawl surveys
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE acoustics; bottom-trawl survey; catchability; catching efficiency;
density-dependence
ID POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; EASTERN BERING-SEA; STOCK ASSESSMENT;
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONS; VARYING CATCHABILITY; DEMERSAL FISH; NORTHERN
COD; FISHERIES; EFFICIENCY; SIMULATION
AB Indices of abundance are important for estimating population trends in stock assessment and ideally should be based on fishery-independent surveys to avoid problems associated with the hyperstability of the commercial catch per unit effort (cpue) data. However, recent studies indicate that the efficiency of the survey bottom trawl (BT) for some species can be density-dependent, which could affect the reliability of survey-derived indices of abundance. A function q(e)similar to f(u), where q(e) is the BT efficiency and u the catch rate, was derived using experimentally derived acoustic dead-zone correction and BT efficiency parameters obtained from combining a subset of BT catch data with synchronously collected acoustic data from walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in the eastern Bering Sea (EBS). We found that q(e) decreased with increasing BT catches resulting in hyperstability of the index of abundance derived from BT survey. Density-dependent q(e) resulted in spatially and temporarily variable bias in survey cpue and biased population age structure derived from survey data. We used the relationship q(e)similar to f(u) to correct the EBS trawl survey index of abundance for density-dependence. We also obtained a variance-covariance matrix for a new index that accounted for sampling variability and the uncertainty associated with the q(e). We found that incorporating estimates of the new index of abundance changed outputs from the walleye pollock stock assessment model. Although changes were minor, we advocate incorporating estimates of density-dependent q(e) into the walleye pollock stock assessment as a precautionary measure that should be undertaken to avoid negative consequences of the density-dependent q(e).
C1 [Kotwicki, Stan; Ianelli, James N.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Kotwicki, Stan; Punt, Andre E.] Univ Washington, Sch Fishery & Aquat Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Kotwicki, S (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM stan.kotwicki@noaa.gov
FU BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project [118]
FX Foremost, we would like to thank everyone who participated or helped
with the organization of the eastern Bering Sea bottom-trawl surveys
over the last 30 years. We also thank two anonymous reviewers and John
Horne, Bob Lauth, Patrick Ressler, Chris Rooper, Dave Somerton, and Mike
Wiggins for reviews and discussions that greatly improved the quality of
this paper. This is BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project publication number
118 and NPRB publication number 455.
NR 56
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 19
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 5
BP 1107
EP 1116
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst208
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AK7TO
UT WOS:000338630800009
ER
PT J
AU Thorson, JT
AF Thorson, James T.
TI Standardizing compositional data for stock assessment
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE age composition; composition-standardization models;
Dirichlet-multinomial; integrated model; length composition likelihood
weights; sampling intensity; stock assessment; strata
ID EFFECTIVE SAMPLE-SIZE; ASSESSMENT MODELS; MULTINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION;
LENGTH DATA; CATCH; FISHERY; AGE; HABITAT
AB Stock assessment models frequently integrate abundance index and compositional (e.g. age, length, sex) data. Abundance indices are generally estimated using index standardization models, which provide estimates of index standard errors while accounting for: (i) differences in sampling intensity spatially or over time; (ii) non-independence of available data; and (iii) the effect of covariates. However, compositional data are not generally processed using a standardization model, so effective sample size is not routinely estimated and these three issues are unresolved. I therefore propose a computationally simple "normal approximation" method for standardizing compositional data and compare this with design-based and Dirichlet-multinomial (D-M) methods for analysing compositional data. Using simulated data from a population with multiple spatial strata, heterogeneity within strata, differences in sampling intensity, and additional overdispersion, I show that the normal-approximation method provided unbiased estimates of abundance-at-age and estimates of effective sample size that are consistent with the imprecision of these estimates. A conventional design-based method also produced unbiased age compositions estimates but no estimate of effective sample size. The D-M failed to account for known differences in sampling intensity (the proportion of catch for each fishing trip that is sampled for age) and hence provides biased estimates when sampling intensity is correlated with variation in abundance-at-age data. I end by discussing uses for "composition-standardization models" and propose that future research develop methods to impute compositional data in strata with missing data.
C1 NOAA, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Thorson, JT (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM james.thorson@noaa.gov
RI Thorson, James/O-7937-2014
OI Thorson, James/0000-0001-7415-1010
NR 32
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 5
BP 1117
EP 1128
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst224
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AK7TO
UT WOS:000338630800010
ER
PT J
AU Link, JS
Browman, HI
AF Link, Jason S.
Browman, Howard I.
TI Integrating what? Levels of marine ecosystem-based assessment and
management Introduction
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID FISHERIES STOCK ASSESSMENT; FRAMEWORK; RESOURCES
C1 [Link, Jason S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Assistant Administrator, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Browman, Howard I.] Inst Marine Res, Austevoll Res Stn, Marine Ecosyst Acoust Grp, N-5392 Storebo, Norway.
RP Link, JS (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Assistant Administrator, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jason.link@noaa.gov
RI Browman, Howard/B-4441-2009
OI Browman, Howard/0000-0002-6282-7316
NR 27
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 4
U2 31
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 5
BP 1170
EP 1173
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsu026
PG 4
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AK7TO
UT WOS:000338630800017
ER
PT J
AU Levin, PS
Kelble, CR
Shuford, RL
Ainsworth, C
deReynier, Y
Dunsmore, R
Fogarty, MJ
Holsman, K
Howell, EA
Monaco, ME
Oakes, SA
Werner, F
AF Levin, Phillip S.
Kelble, Christopher R.
Shuford, Rebecca L.
Ainsworth, Cameron
deReynier, Yvonne
Dunsmore, Rikki
Fogarty, Michael J.
Holsman, Kirstin
Howell, Evan A.
Monaco, Mark E.
Oakes, Stephanie A.
Werner, Francisco
TI Guidance for implementation of integrated ecosystem assessments: a US
perspective
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ecosystem-based management; ecosystem indicator; ecosystem risk; IEA;
integrated ecosystem assessment; management strategy evaluation
ID FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; INDICATORS; FRAMEWORK; FISH
AB Ecosystem-based management (EBM) has emerged as a basic approach for managing human activities in marine ecosystems, with the aim of recovering and conserving marine ecosystems and the services they deliver. Integrated ecosystem assessments (IEAs) further the transition of EBM from principle to practice by providing an efficient, transparent means of summarizing the status of ecosystem components, screening and prioritizing potential risks, and evaluating alternative management strategies against a backdrop of environmental variability. In this paper, we draw upon lessons learned from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's IEA programme to outline steps required for IEA implementation. We provide an overview of the conceptual framework for IEAs, the practical constraints that shape the structure of individual IEAs, and the uses and outcomes of IEAs in support of EBM.
C1 [Levin, Phillip S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Kelble, Christopher R.] NOAA, Off Ocean & Atmospher Res, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL USA.
[Shuford, Rebecca L.; Oakes, Stephanie A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Sci & Technol, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Ainsworth, Cameron] Univ S Florida, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[deReynier, Yvonne] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Reg Off, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Dunsmore, Rikki] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Marine Sanctuary Program, Monterey Bay Natl Marine Sanctuary, Monterey, CA USA.
[Fogarty, Michael J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Holsman, Kirstin] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Howell, Evan A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Monaco, Mark E.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal & Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Werner, Francisco] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92038 USA.
RP Levin, PS (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM phil.levin@noaa.gov
RI Kelble, Christopher/A-8511-2008;
OI Kelble, Christopher/0000-0003-0914-4134; Howell,
Evan/0000-0001-9904-4633
NR 56
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 35
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 5
BP 1198
EP 1204
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst112
PG 7
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AK7TO
UT WOS:000338630800021
ER
PT J
AU Samhouri, JF
Haupt, AJ
Levin, PS
Link, JS
Shuford, R
AF Samhouri, Jameal F.
Haupt, Alison J.
Levin, Phillip S.
Link, Jason S.
Shuford, Rebecca
TI Lessons learned from developing integrated ecosystem assessments to
inform marine ecosystem-based management in the USA
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ecosystem-based management; indicator; integrated ecosystem assessment;
marine policy; risk; sustainable marine management and conservation
ID FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS; OCEAN; CONSERVATION;
SUPPORT; POLICY; SUSTAINABILITY; IMPLEMENTATION; THRESHOLDS; SERVICES
AB Borne out of a collective movement towards ecosystem-based management (EBM), multispecies and multi-sector scientific assessments of the ocean are emerging around the world. In the USA, integrated ecosystem assessments (IEAs) were formally defined 5 years ago to serve as a scientific foundation for marine EBM. As outlined by the US National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration in 2008, an IEA is a cyclical process consisting of setting goals and targets, defining indicators, analysing status, trends, and risk, and evaluating alternative potential future management and environmental scenarios to enhance information needed for effective EBM. These steps should be hierarchical, iterative, non-prescriptive about technical implementation, and adaptable to existing information for any ecosystem. Despite these strengths and some initial successes, IEAs and EBM have yet to be fully realized in the USA. We propose eight tenets that can be adopted by scientists, policy-makers, and managers to enhance the use of IEAs in implementing EBM. These tenets include (i) engage with stakeholders, managers, and policy-makers early, often, and continually; (ii) conduct rigorous human dimensions research; (iii) recognize the importance of transparently selecting indicators; (iv) set ecosystem targets to create a system of EBM accountability; (v) establish a formal mechanism(s) for the review of IEA science; (vi) serve current management needs, but not at the expense of more integrative ocean management; (vii) provide a venue for EBM decision-making that takes full advantage of IEA products; and (viii) embrace realistic expectations about IEA science and its implementation. These tenets are framed in a way that builds on domestic and international experiences with ocean management. With patience, persistence, political will, funding, and augmented capacity, IEAs will provide a general approach for allowing progressive science to lead conventional ocean management to new waters.
C1 [Samhouri, Jameal F.; Levin, Phillip S.] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Haupt, Alison J.] NOAA, West Coast Governors Alliance, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Link, Jason S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Shuford, Rebecca] NOAA, Marine Ecosyst Div, Off Sci & Technol, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Samhouri, JF (reprint author), NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM jameal.samhouri@noaa.gov
NR 100
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 6
U2 50
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 5
BP 1205
EP 1215
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst141
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AK7TO
UT WOS:000338630800022
ER
PT J
AU Miller, CW
Belyea, DD
Kirby, BJ
AF Miller, Casey W.
Belyea, Dustin D.
Kirby, Brian J.
TI Magnetocaloric effect in nanoscale thin films and heterostructures
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
LA English
DT Review
ID HEAT-CAPACITY MEASUREMENTS; HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELDS; CRITICAL EXPONENTS;
PHASE-TRANSITIONS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; REFRIGERATION; BEHAVIOR; GD;
MICROCALORIMETER; NANOMAGNETISM
AB This review focuses on the magnetocaloric effect with special attention to nanoscale thin films and heterostructures. The authors outline the general phenomenon of the magnetocaloric effect and discuss how using materials in reduced dimensions can impact this emerging area. The authors note works of significance to date and highlight general features emanating from the community. They provide important details related to sample fabrication, relevant metrology, and discuss advanced data analyses, all of which are done in a tutorial fashion. Finally, the authors provide an outlook for the application of nanoscience to magnetocalorics. (C) 2014 American Vacuum Society.
C1 [Miller, Casey W.; Belyea, Dustin D.] Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Kirby, Brian J.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Miller, CW (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Phys, 4202 East Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
EM millercw@usf.edu
FU NSF-CAREER; Air Force Office of Scientific Research through the Young
Investigator Program; National Science Foundation through the CAREER
Program; NIST Center for Neutron Research
FX The work at USF on the magnetocaloric effect in nanoscale materials has
received generous support from the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research through the Young Investigator Program, the National Science
Foundation through the CAREER Program, and has taken advantage of
critical national user facilities, including the Center for Nanoscale
Materials at Argonne National Laboratory, and the NIST Center for
Neutron Research. This manuscript was written solely with the support of
NSF-CAREER.
NR 122
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 6
U2 51
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0734-2101
EI 1520-8559
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 32
IS 4
AR 040802
DI 10.1116/1.4882858
PG 18
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AK8ZX
UT WOS:000338718400004
ER
PT J
AU Sobolewski, MA
Ridgeway, RG
Bitner, MD
Sinatore, D
Hurley, PT
AF Sobolewski, Mark A.
Ridgeway, Robert G.
Bitner, Mark D.
Sinatore, Dino
Hurley, Patrick T.
TI Power coupling and utilization efficiencies of silicon-depositing
plasmas in mixtures of H-2, SiH4, Si2H6, and Si3H8
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
LA English
DT Article
ID CROSS-SECTIONS; ELECTRON-IMPACT; MICROCRYSTALLINE SILICON;
RADIOFREQUENCY DISCHARGES; DISSOCIATIVE ATTACHMENT; ELASTIC-SCATTERING;
SPATIAL UNIFORMITY; FILM DEPOSITION; SILANE PLASMA; NEGATIVE-IONS
AB Adding Si2H6 or Si3H8 additives to SiH4/H-2 discharges increases the growth rates for thin films of microcrystalline and amorphous silicon, but the reasons for this increase are not well understood. To better distinguish the chemical and physical from electrical effects of these additives, a comprehensive electrical study was performed for mixtures of H-2, SiH4, Si2H6, and Si3H8. The power coupling efficiency, power utilization efficiency, voltage, current, impedance, and phase were measured as a function of total pressure, electrode gap, gas mixture, rf power, and time. The measurements identified a regime of pressure and gap in which the electrical behavior is optimized. In this regime, the power coupling efficiency is quite high and insensitive to gas mixture, and the power utilization efficiency also does not vary dramatically with mixture. Therefore, in this regime, chemical or physical effects of additives on growth rates predominate over electrical effects. Impedance models of the plasma and sheaths provide explanations for the optimized regime and its correlation with impedance phase. In addition, electrical signals were identified that can be used to detect a transient in the gas-phase density of silicon-containing molecules during deposition as well as other transient phenomena. The signals show promise for use in process monitoring and control. (C) 2014 American Vacuum Society.
C1 [Sobolewski, Mark A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ridgeway, Robert G.; Bitner, Mark D.; Sinatore, Dino; Hurley, Patrick T.] Air Prod & Chem Inc, Allentown, PA 18195 USA.
RP Sobolewski, MA (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mark.sobolewski@nist.gov
NR 52
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0734-2101
EI 1520-8559
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 32
IS 4
AR 041307
DI 10.1116/1.4885368
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA AK8ZX
UT WOS:000338718400011
ER
PT J
AU Lee, YJ
Vega, SL
Patel, PJ
Aamer, KA
Moghe, PV
Cicerone, MT
AF Lee, Young Jong
Vega, Sebastian L.
Patel, Parth J.
Aamer, Khaled A.
Moghe, Prabhas V.
Cicerone, Marcus T.
TI Quantitative, Label-Free Characterization of Stem Cell Differentiation
at the Single-Cell Level by Broadband Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman
Scattering Microscopy
SO TISSUE ENGINEERING PART C-METHODS
LA English
DT Article
ID CARS MICROSCOPY; IN-VITRO; SPECTROSCOPY; MAINTENANCE; DERIVATIVES;
EXPANSION; STATE; BONE
AB We use broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (BCARS) microscopy to characterize lineage commitment of individual human mesenchymal stem cells cultured in adipogenic, osteogenic, and basal culture media. We treat hyperspectral images obtained by BCARS in two independent ways, obtaining robust metrics for differentiation. In one approach, pixel counts corresponding to functional markers, lipids, and minerals, are used to classify individual cells as belonging to one of the three lineage groups: adipocytes, osteoblasts, and undifferentiated stem cells. In the second approach, we use multivariate analysis of Raman spectra averaged exclusively over cytosol regions of individual cells to classify the cells into the same three groups, with consistent results. The exceptionally high speed of spectral imaging with BCARS allows us to chemically map a large number of cells with high spatial resolution, revealing not only the phenotype of individual cells, but also population heterogeneity in the degree of phenotype commitment.
C1 [Lee, Young Jong; Aamer, Khaled A.; Cicerone, Marcus T.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Vega, Sebastian L.; Moghe, Prabhas V.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem Engn, Piscataway, NJ USA.
[Patel, Parth J.; Moghe, Prabhas V.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Piscataway, NJ USA.
RP Cicerone, MT (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, 100 Bur Dr MS 8543, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cicerone@nist.gov
RI Lee, Young Jong/B-7129-2008
OI Lee, Young Jong/0000-0001-7754-3001
FU National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)
[P41EB001046]
FX The project described was supported by Award Number P41EB001046 from the
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB). The
content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not
necessarily represent the official views of the NIBIB or the National
Institutes of Health. This work is an official contribution of the
National Institute of Standards and Technology, and is not subject to
copyright in the United States.
NR 33
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 7
U2 45
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1937-3384
EI 1937-3392
J9 TISSUE ENG PART C-ME
JI Tissue Eng. Part C-Methods
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 7
BP 562
EP 569
DI 10.1089/ten.tec.2013.0472
PG 8
WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell
Biology
SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA AL1YH
UT WOS:000338922000004
PM 24224876
ER
PT J
AU Yang, XY
Neta, P
Stein, SE
AF Yang, Xiaoyu
Neta, Pedatsur
Stein, Stephen E.
TI Quality Control for Building Libraries from Electrospray Ionization
Tandem Mass Spectra
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PEPTIDE IDENTIFICATION; CHEMICAL NOISE; LC-MS; SPECTROMETRY; DATABASE;
PROTEOMICS; RESOURCES
AB Electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography is a routine technique for identifying and quantifying compounds in complex mixtures. The identification step can be aided by matching acquired tandem mass spectra (MS2) against reference library spectra as is routine for electron ionization (EI) spectra from gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). However, unlike the latter spectra, ESI MS2 spectra are likely to originate from various precursor ions for a given target molecule and may be acquired at varying energies and resolutions and have characteristic noise signatures, requiring processing methods very different from El to obtain complete and high quality reference spectra for individual analytes. This paper presents procedures developed for creating a tandem mass spectral library that addresses these factors. Library building begins by acquiring MS2 spectra for all major MS1 peaks in an infusion run, followed by assigning MS2 spectra to clusters and creating a consensus spectrum for each. Intensity-based constraints for cluster membership were developed, as well as peak testing to recognize and eliminate suspect peaks and reduce noise. Consensus spectra were then examined by a human evaluator using a number of criteria, including a fraction of annotated peaks and consistency of spectra for a given ion at different energies. These methods have been developed and used to build a library from >9000 compounds, yielding 230,000 spectra.
C1 [Yang, Xiaoyu; Neta, Pedatsur; Stein, Stephen E.] NIST, Mass Spectrometry Data Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yang, XY (reprint author), NIST, Mass Spectrometry Data Ctr, Mail Stop 8362, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM xiaoyu.yang@nist.gov
NR 17
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD JUL 1
PY 2014
VL 86
IS 13
BP 6393
EP 6400
DI 10.1021/ac500711m
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA AK5TH
UT WOS:000338488800033
PM 24896981
ER
PT J
AU Wang, WG
AF Wang, Weiguo
TI Analytically Modelling Mean Wind and Stress Profiles in Canopies (vol
15, pg 239, 2014)
SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 NOAA, IMSG NCEP, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Wang, WG (reprint author), NOAA, IMSG NCEP, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM wang_wg@yahoo.com
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8314
EI 1573-1472
J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL
JI Bound.-Layer Meteor.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 152
IS 1
BP 125
EP 125
DI 10.1007/s10546-014-9932-4
PG 1
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AK1TP
UT WOS:000338199600007
ER
PT J
AU Lu, E
Cai, WY
Jiang, ZH
Zhang, Q
Zhang, CJ
Higgins, RW
Halpert, MS
AF Lu, Er
Cai, Wenyue
Jiang, Zhihong
Zhang, Qiang
Zhang, Cunjie
Higgins, R. Wayne
Halpert, Michael S.
TI The day-to-day monitoring of the 2011 severe drought in China
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Drought monitoring; Day-to-day monitoring; Short timescale; At daily
scale; The WAP index
ID STANDARDIZED PRECIPITATION INDEX; UNITED-STATES; SENSITIVITY
AB Dry/wet condition has a large interannual variability. Decision-makers need to know the onset, duration, and intensity of drought, and require droughts be monitored at a daily to weekly scale. However, previous tools cannot monitor drought well at this short timescale. The Palmer Drought Severity Index has been found dissatisfactory in monitoring because of its complexity and numerous limitations. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) always asks for a timescale, and precipitation is averaged over the period of the scale. Because of this, the SPI cannot be used for short scales, e.g., several days, and what it tells is the overall drought situation of the period. The weighted average of precipitation (WAP) developed by Lu (Geophys Res Lett 36:L12707, 2009) overcomes the deficiency of the SPI; it does not require a timescale, and can provide the drought (and flood) extent of each day. Therefore, the WAP can monitor drought at scales from daily to weekly, monthly, and any longer scale, and is really "flexible and versatile for all timescales". In this study, the standardized WAP (SWAP) is used to monitor the 2011 drought over China. Drought swept the country during the year from north to south and from east to west. In spring, a once-in-a-fifty-year drought occurred over the Yangtze River basin and the southern region, causing serious shortage of drinking water for people and livestock, as well as tremendous losses in agriculture and the shipping industry. Results show that the SWAP, with its monthly mean plots, can well reproduce the seasonal shift of the 2011 drought across the country. The animation of daily plots demonstrates that the SWAP would have been able to monitor the day-to-day variation of the spring drought around the Yangtze River basin. It can provide the details of the drought, such as when the drought emerged over the region, how long it maintained there (though drought area may move back and forth with extension and contraction of the area), and when the drought relieved over the basin.
C1 [Lu, Er; Jiang, Zhihong] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Er; Higgins, R. Wayne; Halpert, Michael S.] NOAA Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Cai, Wenyue; Zhang, Qiang; Zhang, Cunjie] Natl Climate Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Lu, E (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM elu@nuist.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41275092, 41230528];
National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB955301]; NOAA Climate
Prediction Center; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu
Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grants 41275092 and 41230528), the National Basic Research
Program of China (2012CB955301), the NOAA Climate Prediction Center, and
the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education
Institutions (PAPD). The daily precipitation data used were provided by
the National Meteorological Center of China. The three anonymous
reviewers are thanked for their constructive comments that improved the
manuscript.
NR 31
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 9
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1987-2
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AK3PS
UT WOS:000338337700001
ER
PT J
AU Sandeep, S
Stordal, F
Sardeshmukh, PD
Compo, GP
AF Sandeep, S.
Stordal, Frode
Sardeshmukh, Prashant D.
Compo, Gilbert P.
TI Pacific Walker Circulation variability in coupled and uncoupled climate
models
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Pacific Walker Circulation; Hydrological cycle; ENSO
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; EL-NINO; OCEAN TEMPERATURE; TROPICAL PACIFIC;
ATMOSPHERE MODEL; IN-SITU; 20TH-CENTURY; ICE; SIMULATIONS; SATELLITE
AB There is still considerable uncertainty concerning twentieth century trends in the Pacific Walker Circulation (PWC). In this paper, observational datasets, coupled (CMIP5) and uncoupled (AGCM) model simulations, and additional numerical sensitivity experiments are analyzed to investigate twentieth century changes in the PWC and their physical mechanisms. The PWC weakens over the century in the CMIP5 simulations, but strengthens in the AGCM simulations and also in the observational twentieth century reanalysis (20CR) dataset. It is argued that the weakening in the CMIP5 simulations is not a consequence of a reduced global convective mass flux expected from simple considerations of the global hydrological response to global warming, but is rather due to a weakening of the zonal equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) gradient. Further clarification is provided by additional uncoupled atmospheric general circulation model simulations in which the ENSO-unrelated and ENSO-related portions of the observed SST changes are prescribed as lower boundary conditions. Both sets of SST forcing fields have a global warming trend, and both sets of simulations produce a weakening of the global convective mass flux. However, consistent with the strong role of the zonal SST gradient, the PWC strengthens in the simulations with the ENSO-unrelated SST forcing, which has a strengthening zonal SST gradient, despite the weakening of the global convective mass flux. Overall, our results suggest that the PWC strengthened during twentieth century global warming, but also that this strengthening was partly masked by a weakening trend associated with ENSO-related PWC variability.
C1 [Sandeep, S.; Stordal, Frode] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, Sect Meteorol & Oceanog, N-0315 Oslo, Norway.
[Sardeshmukh, Prashant D.; Compo, Gilbert P.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sardeshmukh, Prashant D.; Compo, Gilbert P.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Sandeep, S (reprint author), New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Ctr Prototype Climate Modeling, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
EM sandeep.sukumaran@geo.uio.no
OI COMPO, GILBERT/0000-0001-5199-9633; Stordal, Frode/0000-0002-5190-6473;
Sandeep, Sukumaran/0000-0002-8213-8331
FU Research Council of Norway [190159/V10]; Norwegian national
supercomputing (NOTUR) resource of Hexagon [nn2345k]; Norwegian national
supercomputing (NOTUR) resource of Norstore [ns2806k]; Office of Science
of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC05-00OR22725];
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Innovative and Novel
Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment (DOE INCITE) program;
Office of Science (BER); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Climate Program Office; NOAA Climate Program Office
FX S. S. and F. S. acknowledge the financial support of the Research
Council of Norway through the funding of the project SoCOCA
(190159/V10). The Norwegian national supercomputing (NOTUR) resources of
Hexagon (Project nn2345k) and Norstore (Project ns2806k) were
extensively used in this work. The twentieth century reanalysis Project
used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing
Center managed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and of the Oak
Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
which are supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and Contract No.
DE-AC05-00OR22725, respectively. Support for the twentieth century
reanalysis Project dataset is provided by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory
and Experiment (DOE INCITE) program, and Office of Science (BER), and by
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Program
Office. The research of P. D. S. and G. P. C was supported by the Office
of Science (BER), U. S. Department of Energy and by the NOAA Climate
Program Office. The CMIP5 coupled model simulations were obtained from
Program for Climate Modeling Inter-comparison (PCMDI), which is a part
of World Climate Research Program, and we thank each modeling group for
providing their data. The authors thank J. Hurrell of NCAR for help in
understanding differences in SST datasets. For providing their SST data,
we thank the Hadley Centre, N. Rayner, and BADC for HadISST, NOAA/NCDC
and T. Smith for ERSST, and the JMA and M. Ishii for COBE.
NR 52
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 1-2
BP 103
EP 117
DI 10.1007/s00382-014-2135-3
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AK3PS
UT WOS:000338337700007
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, A
Jha, B
Wang, H
AF Kumar, Arun
Jha, Bhaskar
Wang, Hui
TI Attribution of SST variability in global oceans and the role of ENSO
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE FORECAST SYSTEM; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPICAL INDIAN-OCEAN;
EL-NINO; ATMOSPHERIC BRIDGE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY;
SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; FORCED VARIABILITY; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; PACIFIC
AB Based on a novel design of coupled model simulations where sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the equatorial tropical Pacific was constrained to follow the observed El Nio-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability, while rest of the global oceans were free to evolve, the ENSO response in SSTs over the other ocean basins was analyzed. Conceptually the experimental setup was similar to discerning the contribution of ENSO variability to interannual variations in atmospheric anomalies. A unique feature of the analysis was that it was not constrained by a priori assumptions on the nature of the teleconnected response in SSTs. The analysis demonstrated that the time lag between ENSO SST and SSTs in other ocean basins was about 6 months. A signal-to-noise analysis indicated that between 25 and 50 % of monthly mean SST variance over certain ocean basins can be attributed to SST variability over the equatorial tropical Pacific. The experimental setup provides a basis for (a) attribution of SST variability in global oceans to ENSO variability, (b) a method for separating the ENSO influence in SST variations, and (c) understanding the contribution from other external factors responsible for variations in SSTs, for example, changes in atmospheric composition, volcanic aerosols, etc.
C1 [Kumar, Arun; Jha, Bhaskar; Wang, Hui] NOAA NWS NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, NCWCP, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Jha, Bhaskar; Wang, Hui] WYLE, Sci Technol & Engn Grp, Houston, TX USA.
RP Kumar, A (reprint author), NOAA NWS NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, NCWCP, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM arun.kumar@noaa.gov
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 1-2
BP 209
EP 220
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1865-y
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AK3PS
UT WOS:000338337700014
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LP
Wang, CZ
Lee, SK
AF Zhang, Liping
Wang, Chunzai
Lee, Sang-Ki
TI Potential role of Atlantic Warm Pool-induced freshwater forcing in the
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: ocean-sea ice model
simulations
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic Warm Pool; Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation;
Freshwater forcing
ID THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CLIMATE RESPONSE; MULTIDECADAL
OSCILLATION; HURRICANE ACTIVITY; TROPICAL PACIFIC; DEEP CONVECTION;
VARIABILITY; HEMISPHERE; FLUX
AB Recent studies have indicated that the multidecadal variations of the Atlantic Warm Pool (AWP) can induce a significant freshwater change in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. In this paper, the potential effect of the AWP-induced freshwater flux on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is studied by performing a series of ocean-sea ice model experiments. Our model experiments demonstrate that ocean response to the anomalous AWP-induced freshwater flux is primarily dominated by the basin-scale gyre circulation adjustments with a time scale of about two decades. The positive (negative) freshwater anomaly leads to an anticyclonic (cyclonic) circulation overlapping the subtropical gyre. This strengthens (weakens) the Gulf Stream and the recirculation in the interior ocean, thus increases warm (cold) water advection to the north and decreases cold (warm) water advection to the south, producing an upper ocean temperature dipole in the midlatitude. As the freshwater (salty water) is advected to the North Atlantic deep convection region, the AMOC and its associated northward heat transport gradually decreases (increases), which in turn lead to an inter-hemispheric SST seesaw. In the equilibrium state, a comma-shaped SST anomaly pattern develops in the extratropical region, with the largest amplitude over the subpolar region and an extension along the east side of the basin and into the subtropical North Atlantic. Based on our model experiments, we argue that the multidecadal AWP-induced freshwater flux can affect the AMOC, which plays a negative feedback role that acts to recover the AMOC after it is weakened or strengthened. The sensitivity of AMOC response to the AWP-induced freshwater forcing amplitude is also examined and discussed.
C1 [Zhang, Liping; Lee, Sang-Ki] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33132 USA.
[Wang, Chunzai; Lee, Sang-Ki] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Zhang, LP (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33132 USA.
EM ocean.climate.ping@gmail.com
RI Lee, Sang-Ki/A-5703-2011; Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009
OI Lee, Sang-Ki/0000-0002-4047-3545; Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program
Office; NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)
FX This work was supported by grants from National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) Climate Program Office and the base funding of
NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML). The
findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and
do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency.
NR 62
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 1-2
BP 553
EP 574
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-2034-z
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AK3PS
UT WOS:000338337700036
ER
PT J
AU Greenough, L
Menin, JF
Desai, NS
Kelman, Z
Gardner, AF
AF Greenough, Lucia
Menin, Julie F.
Desai, Nirav S.
Kelman, Zvi
Gardner, Andrew F.
TI Characterization of Family D DNA polymerase from Thermococcus sp 9A
degrees N
SO EXTREMOPHILES
LA English
DT Article
DE Analytical biochemistry; Archaea; DNA enzymes; DNA polymerase; DNA
replication; Family D DNA polymerase; Thermococcus; Replisome; Fidelity
ID CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGENS; HYPERTHERMOPHILIC ARCHAEON;
PYROCOCCUS-HORIKOSHII; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; EXONUCLEASE ACTIVITY; SUBUNIT
INTERACTION; TERMINAL DOMAINS; IN-VITRO; REPLICATION; FIDELITY
AB Accurate DNA replication is essential for maintenance of every genome. All archaeal genomes except Crenarchaea, encode for a member of Family B (polB) and Family D (polD) DNA polymerases. Gene deletion studies in Thermococcus kodakaraensis and Methanococcus maripaludis show that polD is the only essential DNA polymerase in these organisms. Thus, polD may be the primary replicative DNA polymerase for both leading and lagging strand synthesis. To understand this unique archaeal enzyme, we report the biochemical characterization of a heterodimeric polD from Thermococcus. PolD contains both DNA polymerase and proofreading 3'aEuro"5' exonuclease activities to ensure efficient and accurate genome duplication. The polD incorporation fidelity was determined for the first time. Despite containing 3'aEuro"5' exonuclease proofreading activity, polD has a relatively high error rate (95 x 10(-5)) compared to polB (19 x 10(-5)) and at least 10-fold higher than the polB DNA polymerases from yeast (pol epsilon and pol delta) or Escherichia coli DNA polIII holoenzyme. The implications of polD fidelity and biochemical properties in leading and lagging strand synthesis are discussed.
C1 [Greenough, Lucia; Menin, Julie F.; Desai, Nirav S.; Gardner, Andrew F.] New England Biolabs Inc, Ipswich, MA 01938 USA.
[Kelman, Zvi] Univ Maryland, Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, NIST, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
RP Gardner, AF (reprint author), New England Biolabs Inc, 240 Cty Rd, Ipswich, MA 01938 USA.
EM gardner@neb.com
NR 52
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK
PI TOKYO
PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065,
JAPAN
SN 1431-0651
EI 1433-4909
J9 EXTREMOPHILES
JI Extremophiles
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 18
IS 4
BP 653
EP 664
DI 10.1007/s00792-014-0646-9
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA AK3AO
UT WOS:000338294500003
PM 24794034
ER
PT J
AU Martin, KE
Brunello, G
Adamiak, MG
Antonova, G
Begovic, M
Benmouyal, G
Bui, PD
Falk, H
Gharpure, V
Goldstein, A
Hu, Y
Huntley, C
Kase, T
Kezunovic, M
Kulshrestha, A
Lu, Y
Midence, R
Murphy, J
Patel, M
Rahmatian, F
Skendzic, V
Vandiver, B
Zahid, A
AF Martin, K. E.
Brunello, G.
Adamiak, M. G.
Antonova, G.
Begovic, M.
Benmouyal, G.
Bui, P. D.
Falk, H.
Gharpure, V.
Goldstein, A.
Hu, Y.
Huntley, C.
Kase, T.
Kezunovic, M.
Kulshrestha, A.
Lu, Y.
Midence, R.
Murphy, J.
Patel, M.
Rahmatian, F.
Skendzic, V.
Vandiver, B.
Zahid, A.
TI An Overview of the IEEE Standard C37.118.2-Synchrophasor Data Transfer
for Power Systems
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
LA English
DT Article
DE Data concentrator; DC; PDC; phasor data concentrator; phasor measurement
unit; PMU; synchronized phasor; synchrophasor
AB Synchrophasor Standards have evolved since the introduction of the first one, IEEE Standard 1344, in 1995. IEEE Standard C37.118-2005 introduced measurement accuracy under steady state conditions as well as interference rejection. In 2009, the IEEE started a joint project with IEC to harmonize real time communications in IEEE Standard C37.118-2005 with the IEC 61850 communication standard. These efforts led to the need to split the C37.118 into 2 different standards: IEEE Standard C37.118.1-2011 that now includes performance of synchrophasors under dynamic systems conditions; and IEEE Standard C37.118.2-2011 Synchrophasor Data Transfer for Power Systems, the object of this paper.
C1 [Martin, K. E.] Phasor Measurement Syst, Portland, OR 97213 USA.
[Brunello, G.] Gen Elect, Power Management, Markham, ON L6E 1B3, Canada.
[Adamiak, M. G.] Gen Elect, North Bergen, NJ 07047 USA.
[Antonova, G.] ABB, Vancouver, BC V5J 5J2, Canada.
[Begovic, M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Benmouyal, G.] Schweitzer Engn Labs, Longueuil, PQ J4N 1A8, Canada.
[Bui, P. D.] Hydro Quebec, Montreal, PQ H2Z 1A4, Canada.
[Falk, H.] SISCO Inc, Detroit, MI 48126 USA.
[Gharpure, V.; Hu, Y.] Quanta Technol, Raleigh, NC 27529 USA.
[Goldstein, A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Huntley, C.] Schweitzer Engn Labs, Vancouver, BC V6B 3Y6, Canada.
[Kase, T.] Toshiba, Tokyo 1058001, Japan.
[Kezunovic, M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Kulshrestha, A.] Qualitrol LLC, Mckinney, TX 75070 USA.
[Lu, Y.] EPRI, Charlotte, NC 28262 USA.
[Midence, R.] ERL Phase, Toronto, ON M4B 1B4, Canada.
[Murphy, J.] Macrodyne Inc, Clifton Park, NY 12065 USA.
[Patel, M.] EPRI, Greensburg, PA 15601 USA.
[Rahmatian, F.] Quanta Technol, W Vancouver, BC V7V 3G6, Canada.
[Skendzic, V.] SEL Schweitzer Engn Labs, Pullman, WA 99163 USA.
[Vandiver, B.] Omicron, Houston, TX 77054 USA.
[Zahid, A.] Hydro One, Toronto, ON M5G 2P5, Canada.
RP Martin, KE (reprint author), Phasor Measurement Syst, Portland, OR 97213 USA.
EM kemartin@ieee.org
NR 5
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1949-3053
J9 IEEE T SMART GRID
JI IEEE Trans. Smart Grid
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 4
BP 1980
EP 1984
DI 10.1109/TSG.2014.2302016
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA AK1QS
UT WOS:000338191200044
ER
PT J
AU Dienstfrey, A
Phelan, FR
Christensen, S
Strachan, A
Santosa, F
Boisvert, R
AF Dienstfrey, Andrew
Phelan, Frederick R., Jr.
Christensen, Stephen
Strachan, Alejandro
Santosa, Fadil
Boisvert, Ronald
TI Uncertainty Quantification in Materials Modeling
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Dienstfrey, Andrew; Boisvert, Ronald] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Phelan, Frederick R., Jr.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Christensen, Stephen] Boeing, Seattle, WA 98124 USA.
[Strachan, Alejandro] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Santosa, Fadil] Univ Minnesota, Inst Math & its Applicat, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Dienstfrey, A (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andrew.dienstfrey@nist.gov
OI Boisvert, Ronald/0000-0002-4445-1044
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 66
IS 7
BP 1342
EP 1344
DI 10.1007/s11837-014-1049-1
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA AK6KI
UT WOS:000338536100029
ER
PT J
AU Rae, A
Stosch, R
Klapetek, P
Walker, ARH
Roy, D
AF Rae, Alasdair
Stosch, Rainer
Klapetek, Petr
Walker, Angela R. Hight
Roy, Debdulal
TI State of the art Raman techniques for biological applications
SO METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Raman spectroscopy; Quantification; Nonlinear optics; Biomedical
ID FIELD OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; TISSUE IN-VIVO; SCATTERING MICROSCOPY;
SINGLE-MOLECULE; BREAST-CANCER; QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION; INTERNAL
STANDARD; LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-SENSITIVITY; DRUG-DELIVERY
AB Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool for the elucidation of qualitative and quantitative information from biological systems and has huge potential in areas such as biotechnologies, drug discovery, agro-chemical research and clinical diagnostics. This report summarises the principal Raman techniques applied to biomedical systems and discusses the challenges that exist to the wide spread adoption of Raman spectroscopy. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rae, Alasdair; Roy, Debdulal] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Stosch, Rainer] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Klapetek, Petr] Czech Metrol Inst, Brno 63800, Czech Republic.
[Walker, Angela R. Hight] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Roy, D (reprint author), Natl Phys Lab, Hampton Rd, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
EM debdulal.roy@npl.co.uk
RI Roy, Deb/C-8164-2017; Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009
OI Roy, Deb/0000-0002-7528-8649; Hight Walker, Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672
FU European Metrology Programme (EMRP)
FX The authors, A.R., R.S., P.K. and D.R., acknowledge financial support
from the European Metrology Programme (EMRP).
NR 111
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 44
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1046-2023
EI 1095-9130
J9 METHODS
JI Methods
PD JUL 1
PY 2014
VL 68
IS 2
BP 338
EP 347
DI 10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.02.035
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA AK1NB
UT WOS:000338180700009
PM 24662479
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, DJ
Bloch, ED
Mason, JA
Queen, WL
Hudson, MR
Planas, N
Borycz, J
Dzubak, AL
Verma, P
Lee, K
Bonino, F
Crocella, V
Yano, J
Bordiga, S
Truhlar, DG
Gagliardi, L
Brown, CM
Long, JR
AF Xiao, Dianne J.
Bloch, Eric D.
Mason, Jarad A.
Queen, Wendy L.
Hudson, Matthew R.
Planas, Nora
Borycz, Joshua
Dzubak, Allison L.
Verma, Pragya
Lee, Kyuho
Bonino, Francesca
Crocella, Valentina
Yano, Junko
Bordiga, Silvia
Truhlar, Donald G.
Gagliardi, Laura
Brown, Craig M.
Long, Jeffrey R.
TI Oxidation of ethane to ethanol by N2O in a metal-organic framework with
coordinatively unsaturated iron(II) sites
SO NATURE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID 2ND-ORDER PERTURBATION-THEORY; SPIN OXOIRON(IV) COMPLEX; NITROUS-OXIDE;
DIOXYGEN ACTIVATION; DINITROGEN OXIDE; ACTIVE-SITES; ENZYMES; OXO;
REACTIVITY; BINDING
AB Enzymatic haem and non-haem high-valent iron-oxo species are known to activate strong C-H bonds, yet duplicating this reactivity in a synthetic system remains a formidable challenge. Although instability of the terminal iron-oxo moiety is perhaps the foremost obstacle, steric and electronic factors also limit the activity of previously reported mononuclear iron(IV)-oxo compounds. In particular, although nature's non-haem iron(IV)-oxo compounds possess high-spin S = 2 ground states, this electronic configuration has proved difficult to achieve in a molecular species. These challenges may be mitigated within metal-organic frameworks that feature site-isolated iron centres in a constrained, weak-field ligand environment. Here, we show that the metal-organic framework Fe-2(dobdc) (dobdc(4-) = 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) and its magnesium-diluted analogue, Fe0.1Mg1.9(dobdc), are able to activate the C-H bonds of ethane and convert it into ethanol and acetaldehyde using nitrous oxide as the terminal oxidant. Electronic structure calculations indicate that the active oxidant is likely to be a high-spin S = 2 iron(IV)-oxo species.
C1 [Xiao, Dianne J.; Bloch, Eric D.; Mason, Jarad A.; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Queen, Wendy L.; Lee, Kyuho] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hudson, Matthew R.; Brown, Craig M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Planas, Nora; Borycz, Joshua; Dzubak, Allison L.; Verma, Pragya; Truhlar, Donald G.; Gagliardi, Laura] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem, Chem Theory Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Planas, Nora; Borycz, Joshua; Dzubak, Allison L.; Verma, Pragya; Truhlar, Donald G.; Gagliardi, Laura] Univ Minnesota, Inst Supercomp, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Bonino, Francesca; Crocella, Valentina; Bordiga, Silvia] Univ Turin, Dept Chem, NIS Ctr, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
[Bonino, Francesca; Crocella, Valentina; Bordiga, Silvia] Univ Turin, INSTM Reference Ctr, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
[Yano, Junko] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Xiao, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jrlong@berkeley.edu
RI Bordiga, Silvia/M-3875-2014; Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009; Truhlar,
Donald/G-7076-2015; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014; Crocella,
Valentina/E-5203-2016; Bonino, Francesca/G-8234-2016
OI Bordiga, Silvia/0000-0003-2371-4156; Queen, Wendy/0000-0002-8375-2341;
Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355; Truhlar, Donald/0000-0002-7742-7294;
Crocella, Valentina/0000-0002-3606-8424; Bonino,
Francesca/0000-0002-6822-6685
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences [DE-FG02-12ER16362];
Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory under US Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; US Department of
Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory; US DOE
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Ateneo Project [2011 ORTO11RRT5]
FX Synthesis, basic characterization experiments and all of the theoretical
work were supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences under award DE-FG02-12ER16362. Reactivity studies were
supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under US Department of Energy
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Work at the Molecular Foundry, and XAS
experiments performed at the Advanced Light Source (BL 10.3.2),
Berkeley, were supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. X-ray diffraction experiments were performed at the
Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory (17-BM-B). Use of
the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated
for the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne
National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. S. B., F. B. and V. C. acknowledge financial support
from the Ateneo Project 2011 ORTO11RRT5. We also thank the National
Science Foundation for providing graduate fellowship support (D. J. X.
and J. A. M.). In addition, we are grateful for the support of E. D. B.
through a Gerald K. Branch fellowship in chemistry, P. V. through a
Phillips 66 Excellence Fellowship and M. R. H. through the National
Institute of Standards and Technology/National Research Council
Fellowship Program. We thank S. Chavan for help with the infrared
spectroscopy experiments and fruitful discussion.
NR 50
TC 83
Z9 84
U1 20
U2 168
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1755-4330
EI 1755-4349
J9 NAT CHEM
JI Nat. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 7
BP 590
EP 595
DI 10.1038/NCHEM.1956
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AK5DM
UT WOS:000338444600010
PM 24950328
ER
PT J
AU Clark, JB
Glasser, RT
Glorieux, Q
Vogl, U
Li, T
Jones, KM
Lett, PD
AF Clark, Jeremy B.
Glasser, Ryan T.
Glorieux, Quentin
Vogl, Ulrich
Li, Tian
Jones, Kevin M.
Lett, Paul D.
TI Quantum mutual information of an entangled state propagating through a
fast-light medium
SO NATURE PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID IMAGES; SPEED; NOISE
AB It is widely accepted that information cannot travel faster than c, the speed of light in vacuum(1-3). Here, we investigate the behaviour of quantum correlations and information in the presence of dispersion. To do so we send one half of an entangled state of light through a gain-assisted slow-or fast-light medium and detect the transmitted quantum correlations and quantum mutual information(4-6). We show that quantum correlations can be advanced by a small fraction of the correlation time, even in the presence of noise added by phase-insensitive gain. Additionally, although the peak of the quantum mutual information between the modes can be advanced, we find that the degradation of the mutual information due to added noise appears to prevent an advancement of the leading edge. In contrast, we demonstrate a significant delay of both the leading and trailing edges of the mutual information in a slow-light system.
C1 [Clark, Jeremy B.; Glasser, Ryan T.; Glorieux, Quentin; Li, Tian; Lett, Paul D.] NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Clark, Jeremy B.; Glasser, Ryan T.; Glorieux, Quentin; Li, Tian; Lett, Paul D.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Clark, Jeremy B.; Glasser, Ryan T.; Glorieux, Quentin; Li, Tian; Lett, Paul D.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Glorieux, Quentin] Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Super, Lab Kastler Brossel, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
[Glorieux, Quentin] UPMC, CNRS, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
[Vogl, Ulrich] Max Planck Inst Sci Light, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
[Jones, Kevin M.] Williams Coll, Dept Phys, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA.
RP Lett, PD (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM paul.lett@nist.gov
RI Vogl, Ulrich/G-4624-2014; Glorieux, Quentin/K-4875-2012
OI Vogl, Ulrich/0000-0003-2399-2797; Glorieux, Quentin/0000-0003-0903-0233
FU Physics Frontiers Center at the Joint Quantum Institute; Air Force
Office of Scientific Research; Marie Curie IOF FP7 Program
[Multimem-300632]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; National Research
Council Research Associateship Award at NIST; National Science
Foundation
FX This research was supported by the Physics Frontiers Center at the Joint
Quantum Institute and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research. Q. G.
performed this work with the support of the Marie Curie IOF FP7 Program
(Multimem-300632), while U. V. was supported by the Alexander von
Humboldt Foundation and R. T. G. was supported by a National Research
Council Research Associateship Award at NIST. J.B.C. acknowledges
support from the National Science Foundation.
NR 29
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 13
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1749-4885
EI 1749-4893
J9 NAT PHOTONICS
JI Nat. Photonics
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 7
BP 515
EP 519
DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2014.112
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA AK1YT
UT WOS:000338216000007
ER
PT J
AU Benko, C
Allison, TK
Cingoz, A
Hua, LQ
Labaye, F
Yost, DC
Ye, J
AF Benko, Craig
Allison, Thomas K.
Cingoez, Arman
Hua, Linqiang
Labaye, Francois
Yost, Dylan C.
Ye, Jun
TI Extreme ultraviolet radiation with coherence time greater than 1 s
SO NATURE PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-HARMONIC-GENERATION; FREE-ELECTRON LASER; FREQUENCY-COMB; OPTICAL
CAVITY; AVERAGE-POWER; X-RAYS; SPECTROSCOPY; PULSES; OPERATION
AB Many atomic and molecular systems of fundamental interest possess resonance frequencies in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) where laser technology is limited and radiation sources have traditionally lacked long-term phase coherence. Recent breakthroughs in XUV frequency comb technology have demonstrated spectroscopy with unprecedented resolution at the megahertz level, but even higher resolutions are desired for future applications in precision measurement. By characterizing heterodyne beats between two XUV comb sources, we demonstrate the capability for sub-hertz spectral resolution. This corresponds to coherence times >1 s at photon energies up to 20 eV, more than six orders of magnitude longer than previously reported. This work establishes the ability of creating highly phase-stable radiation in the XUV with performance rivalling that of visible light. Furthermore, by direct sampling of the phase of the XUV light originating from high-harmonic generation, we demonstrate precise measurements of attosecond strong-field physics.
C1 [Benko, Craig; Allison, Thomas K.; Cingoez, Arman; Hua, Linqiang; Labaye, Francois; Yost, Dylan C.; Ye, Jun] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Benko, Craig; Allison, Thomas K.; Cingoez, Arman; Hua, Linqiang; Labaye, Francois; Yost, Dylan C.; Ye, Jun] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Allison, Thomas K.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Chem, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Allison, Thomas K.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Hua, Linqiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Inst Phys & Math, State Key Lab Magnet Resonance & Atom & Mol Phys, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China.
RP Benko, C (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM craig.benko@colorado.edu; ye@jila.colorado.edu
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011; Benko, Craig/L-2678-2015
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology; Air Force Office of
Scientific Research; National Science Foundation Physics Frontier Center
at JILA
FX The authors acknowledge technical contributions and collaboration from
A. Ruehl, I. Hartl and M. E. Fermann. This work was supported by
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Air Force Office of
Scientific Research and the National Science Foundation Physics Frontier
Center at JILA.
NR 50
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 5
U2 46
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1749-4885
EI 1749-4893
J9 NAT PHOTONICS
JI Nat. Photonics
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 8
IS 7
BP 530
EP 536
DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2014.132
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA AK1YT
UT WOS:000338216000010
ER
PT J
AU Whitehouse, GA
Aydin, K
Essington, TE
Hunt, GL
AF Whitehouse, G. Andy
Aydin, Kerim
Essington, Timothy E.
Hunt, George L., Jr.
TI A trophic mass balance model of the eastern Chukchi Sea with comparisons
to other high-latitude systems
SO POLAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic cod; Boreogadus saida; Chukchi Sea; Ecopath; Comparative
approach; Trophic structure
ID NORTHERN BERING-SEA; WESTERN ARCTIC-OCEAN; COD BOREOGADUS-SAIDA;
SOUTHEASTERN HUDSON-BAY; STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; POLAR BEAR PREDATION;
ICE-COVERED WATERS; PELAGIC FOOD WEBS; URSUS-MARITIMUS; ORGANIC-MATTER
AB The Chukchi Sea is a seasonally ice-covered, marginal Arctic-shelf sea that possesses both large petroleum reserves and abundant biological communities, including migratory mammals and seabirds. We developed a mass balance food web model for the eastern Chukchi Sea to evaluate the trophic structure of this ecosystem and to compare food web properties of the Chukchi Sea to those of other high-latitude marine ecosystems. We compiled data on biomass levels, diet composition, demographic rates (production, consumption), and fishery removals, and used these data to construct an Ecopath trophic mass balance model. The majority of biomass was concentrated in benthic invertebrates and most of the mass flow above trophic level 2.0 was through these groups. We found that density estimates of most fish groups derived from trawl survey data using area-swept methods were insufficient to match the consumptive demands of predators, and that densities needed to be several-fold greater to meet modeled demand. We also used a set of system metrics derived from a common modeling framework to highlight differences in ecosystem structure between the eastern Chukchi Sea and other high-latitude systems. The extent of benthic dominance observed in the eastern Chukchi Sea was unique among the systems examined, both in terms of food web structure and associated mass flows between benthic and pelagic components. In relation to total biomass density, the eastern Chukchi Sea had low production when compared with the other systems, and this lower turnover rate suggests that recovery from disturbance might be slow.
C1 [Whitehouse, G. Andy; Essington, Timothy E.; Hunt, George L., Jr.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Whitehouse, G. Andy; Aydin, Kerim] NOAA Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Whitehouse, G. Andy] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Whitehouse, GA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM gaw@uw.edu
OI Hunt, George/0000-0001-8709-2697; Whitehouse, George/0000-0002-9130-9403
FU Alaska Fisheries Science Center's Resource Ecology and Ecosystem
Modeling (REEM) Program; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere
and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [NA10OAR4320148, 2101]
FX Funding for this project was provided by the Alaska Fisheries Science
Center's Resource Ecology and Ecosystem Modeling (REEM) Program. This
work was improved by the insightful comments and suggestions of P.
Boveng, J. Clarke, L. Eisner, M. Ferguson, N. Friday, S. Kotwicki, K.
Laidre, M. Martin, B. Norcross, S. Moore, K. Rand, E. Regehr, R. Suydam,
and K. Weinberg. Thank you to B. Lauth and the REEM Food Habits
Laboratory for supplying data. Thanks also to A. Grieg, G. Lang, G.
Mundell and N. Roberson for additional database support. S. Gaichas and
I. Ortiz provided invaluable assistance with modeling and graphics. We
are grateful to M. Ferguson, L. Logerwell, and two anonymous reviewers
who provided valuable comments and criticisms on earlier versions of
this paper. The findings and conclusions in the paper are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National
Marine Fisheries Service. This publication is [partially] funded by the
Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under
NOAA Cooperative Agreement No. NA10OAR4320148, Contribution No. 2101.
NR 253
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 6
U2 56
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4060
EI 1432-2056
J9 POLAR BIOL
JI Polar Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 37
IS 7
BP 911
EP 939
DI 10.1007/s00300-014-1490-1
PG 29
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AK2VS
UT WOS:000338278300002
ER
PT J
AU Pulido, R
Baker, SJ
Barata, JT
Carracedo, A
Cid, VJ
Chin-Sang, ID
Dave, V
den Hertog, J
Devreotes, P
Eickholt, BJ
Eng, C
Furnari, FB
Georgescu, MM
Gericke, A
Hopkins, B
Jiang, XJ
Lee, SR
Losche, M
Malaney, P
Matias-Guiu, X
Molina, M
Pandolfi, PP
Parsons, R
Pinton, P
Rivas, C
Rocha, RM
Rodriguez, MS
Ross, AH
Serrano, M
Stambolic, V
Stiles, B
Suzuki, A
Tan, SS
Tonks, NK
Trotman, LC
Wolff, N
Woscholski, R
Wu, H
Leslie, NR
AF Pulido, Rafael
Baker, Suzanne J.
Barata, Joao T.
Carracedo, Arkaitz
Cid, Victor J.
Chin-Sang, Ian D.
Dave, Vrushank
den Hertog, Jeroen
Devreotes, Peter
Eickholt, Britta J.
Eng, Charis
Furnari, Frank B.
Georgescu, Maria-Magdalena
Gericke, Arne
Hopkins, Benjamin
Jiang, Xeujun
Lee, Seung-Rock
Loesche, Mathias
Malaney, Prerna
Matias-Guiu, Xavier
Molina, Maria
Pandolfi, Pier Paolo
Parsons, Ramon
Pinton, Paolo
Rivas, Carmen
Rocha, Rafael M.
Rodriguez, Manuel S.
Ross, Alonzo H.
Serrano, Manuel
Stambolic, Vuk
Stiles, Bangyan
Suzuki, Akira
Tan, Seong-Seng
Tonks, Nicholas K.
Trotman, Lloyd C.
Wolff, Nicolas
Woscholski, Rudiger
Wu, Hong
Leslie, Nicholas R.
TI A Unified Nomenclature and Amino Acid Numbering for Human PTEN
SO SCIENCE SIGNALING
LA English
DT Article
ID TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR FUNCTION; PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITY; GENE; PTEN/MMAC1;
MUTATIONS; CANCER; LOCALIZATION; ASSOCIATION; GROWTH
AB The tumor suppressor PTEN is a major brake for cell transformation, mainly due to its phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P-3] phosphatase activity that directly counteracts the oncogenicity of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). PTEN mutations are frequent in tumors and in the germ line of patients with tumor predisposition or with neurological or cognitive disorders, which makes the PTEN gene and protein a major focus of interest in current biomedical research. After almost two decades of intense investigation on the 403-residue-long PTEN protein, a previously uncharacterized form of PTEN has been discovered that contains 173 amino-terminal extra amino acids, as a result of an alternate translation initiation site. To facilitate research in the field and to avoid ambiguities in the naming and identification of PTEN amino acids from publications and databases, we propose here a unifying nomenclature and amino acid numbering for this longer form of PTEN.
C1 [Pulido, Rafael; Carracedo, Arkaitz] Ikerbasque, Basque Fdn Sci, Bilbao, Spain.
[Pulido, Rafael] BioCruces Hlth Res Inst, Baracaldo, Spain.
[Baker, Suzanne J.] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Dept Dev Neurobiol, Memphis, TN 38105 USA.
[Barata, Joao T.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Med, Inst Mol Med, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Carracedo, Arkaitz] CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Spain.
[Carracedo, Arkaitz] Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Bilbao, Spain.
[Cid, Victor J.; Molina, Maria] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Inst Ramon & Cajal Invest Sanitarias IRY CIS, Dept Microbiol 2, Madrid, Spain.
[Chin-Sang, Ian D.] Queens Univ, Dept Biol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
[Dave, Vrushank; Malaney, Prerna] Univ S Florida, Morsani Coll Med, H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr & Res Inst, Dept Pathol & Cell Biol,Dept Mol Oncol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[den Hertog, Jeroen] Hubrecht Inst KNAW, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[den Hertog, Jeroen] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[den Hertog, Jeroen] Inst Biol, Leiden, Netherlands.
[Devreotes, Peter] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
[Eickholt, Britta J.] Charite, Inst Biochem, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
[Eickholt, Britta J.] Charite, Cluster Excellence NeuroCure, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
[Eng, Charis] Cleveland Clin, Genom Med Inst, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA.
[Eng, Charis] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet & Genome Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Eng, Charis] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, CASE Comprehens Canc Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Furnari, Frank B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ludwig Inst Canc Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Georgescu, Maria-Magdalena] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235 USA.
[Gericke, Arne] Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Chem & Biochem, Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
[Hopkins, Benjamin; Parsons, Ramon] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Oncol Sci, New York, NY 10029 USA.
[Jiang, Xeujun] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Cell Biol Program, New York, NY 10065 USA.
[Lee, Seung-Rock] Chonnam Natl Univ, Sch Med,Dept Biomed Sci, Res Inst Med Sci,Res Ctr Aging & Geriatr, Ctr Creat Biomed Scientists,Dept Biochem, Kwangju, South Korea.
[Loesche, Mathias] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Loesche, Mathias] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Loesche, Mathias] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Matias-Guiu, Xavier] Hosp Arnau Vilanova, Dept Pathol & Mol Genet, Oncol Pathol Grp, Lleida, Spain.
[Matias-Guiu, Xavier] Univ Lleida, Biomed Res Inst Lleida IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
[Pandolfi, Pier Paolo] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Med, Canc Res Inst,Beth Israel Deaconess Canc Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Pinton, Paolo] Univ Ferrara, Lab Technol Adv Therapies LTTA, Dept Morphol Surg & Expt Med, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
[Rivas, Carmen] CSIC, Ctr Nacl Biotecnol, Dept Biol Mol & Celular, Madrid, Spain.
[Rivas, Carmen] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Inst Invest Sanitarias IDIS, CIMUS, Ctr Invest Med Mol & Enfermedades Cron, Santiago De Compostela, Spain.
[Rocha, Rafael M.] Hosp AC Camargo Fund Antonio Prudente, Antonio Prudente Fdn, Res Ctr, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Rocha, Rafael M.] Hosp AC Camargo Fund Antonio Prudente, Dept Anat Pathol, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Rodriguez, Manuel S.] Inbiomed, San Sebastian, Spain.
[Ross, Alonzo H.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Biochem, Worcester, MA 01655 USA.
[Serrano, Manuel] Spanish Natl Canc Res Ctr CNIO, Madrid, Spain.
[Stambolic, Vuk] Univ Toronto, Univ Hlth Network, Princess Margaret Canc Ctr, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Stiles, Bangyan] Univ So Calif, USC Sch Pharm, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Suzuki, Akira] Akita Univ, Grad Sch Med, Global Ctr Excellence Program, Akita 010, Japan.
[Tan, Seong-Seng] Univ Melbourne, Florey Neurosci Inst, Brain Dev & Regenerat Div, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia.
[Tonks, Nicholas K.; Trotman, Lloyd C.] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA.
[Wolff, Nicolas] Inst Pasteur, CNRS, Dept Biol Struct & Chim, Unite Resonance Magenet Nucl Biomol, Paris, France.
[Woscholski, Rudiger] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AY, England.
[Woscholski, Rudiger] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Inst Chem Biol, London, England.
[Wu, Hong] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Wu, Hong] Peking Univ, Sch Life Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Hong] Peking Univ, Peking Tsinghua Ctr Life Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Leslie, Nicholas R.] Heriot Watt Univ, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Inst Biol Chem Biophys & Bioengn, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
RP Pulido, R (reprint author), Ikerbasque, Basque Fdn Sci, Bilbao, Spain.
EM rpulidomurillo@gmail.com
RI Barata, Joao/D-9181-2015; Serrano, Manuel/H-2634-2015; Carracedo,
Arkaitz/F-7029-2011; JIMENEZ CID, VICTOR/I-1240-2015; Losche,
Mathias/J-2986-2013; matias-guiu, xavier/C-3039-2009; Molina,
Maria/F-7939-2015; Pinton, Paolo/J-8025-2012;
OI Barata, Joao/0000-0002-4826-8976; Serrano, Manuel/0000-0001-7177-9312;
Carracedo, Arkaitz/0000-0001-5957-1260; Rivas,
Carmen/0000-0002-0518-7199; JIMENEZ CID, VICTOR/0000-0002-3933-2016;
Losche, Mathias/0000-0001-6666-916X; matias-guiu,
xavier/0000-0002-7201-6605; Molina, Maria/0000-0003-0074-3309; Pinton,
Paolo/0000-0001-7108-6508; LESLIE, Nicholas/0000-0001-5131-0541
FU Medical Research Council [G0802289, G0801865]; NCI NIH HHS [R01
CA053840, R01 CA154986]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM034933, R01 GM055989]
NR 25
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 25
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 1945-0877
EI 1937-9145
J9 SCI SIGNAL
JI Sci. Signal.
PD JUL 1
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 332
AR pe15
DI 10.1126/scisignal.2005560
PG 4
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA AK6BF
UT WOS:000338511700001
PM 24985344
ER
PT J
AU Lew, HS
Bao, YH
Pujol, S
Sozen, MA
AF Lew, H. S.
Bao, Yihai
Pujol, Santiago
Sozen, Mete A.
TI Experimental Study of Reinforced Concrete Assemblies under Column
Removal Scenario
SO ACI STRUCTURAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE buildings; catenary action; concrete structures; disproportionate
collapse; full-scale tests; joint-rotation capacity; progressive
collapse
ID PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE
AB This paper presents an experimental study of two full-scale reinforced concrete (RC) beam-column assemblies under a column removal scenario. The assemblies represent part of the exterior moment-resisting frames of two 10-story RC frame buildings: one designed for Seismic Design Category C (SDC C), and the other for SDC D. Intermediate moment frames (IMFs) and special moment frames (SMFs) are integrated in the SDC C and SDC D designs, respectively. The assemblies were subjected to monotonically increasing vertical displacement of the center column. With increased vertical displacement, three stages of load-carrying mechanism are clearly seen. The test results show that the ultimate loads under the column removal scenario are primarily resisted through the development of catenary action. The tensile force increase is limited by the fracture strength of the tensile reinforcement of the beams. The beam-end rotational capacities under monotonic column displacement are seven to eight times as large as the acceptance criterion in ASCE/SEI 41-06, which are based on seismic test data.
C1 [Lew, H. S.; Bao, Yihai] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pujol, Santiago; Sozen, Mete A.] Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Lew, HS (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 19
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 5
U2 15
PU AMER CONCRETE INST
PI FARMINGTON HILLS
PA 38800 COUNTRY CLUB DR, FARMINGTON HILLS, MI 48331 USA
SN 0889-3241
EI 1944-7361
J9 ACI STRUCT J
JI ACI Struct. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 4
BP 881
EP 892
PG 12
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science
GA AJ8AX
UT WOS:000337925800015
ER
PT J
AU West, JE
Helser, TE
O'Neill, SM
AF West, James E.
Helser, Thomas E.
O'Neill, Sandra M.
TI Variation in quillback rockfish (Sebastes maliger) growth patterns from
oceanic to inland waters of the Salish Sea
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; LENGTH-AT-AGE; ATLANTIC COD; MATERNAL TRANSFER; COPPER
ROCKFISH; MARINE FISHES; S-MALIGER; CONTAMINANTS; POPULATIONS; CAURINUS
AB Identifying and quantifying spatial patterns in demographics and life-history characteristics is important for the management of temperate marine fishes. Quillback rockfish, Sebastes maliger (Jordan and Gilbert, 1880), is a long-lived scorpaeniform inhabiting the oceanographically complex marine and inland coastal waters of Washington and British Columbia, collectively known as the Salish Sea. We compared patterns of growth variation in quillback rockfish from four regions across the Salish Sea, representing oceanographically distinct inland marine water bodies. We fit the von Bertalanffy growth model to length-at-age data from Juan de Fuca Strait, Strait of Georgia, Admiralty Inlet, and Puget Sound, and tested for differences in growth parameter estimates. The largest asymptotic size occurred in quillback rockfish nearest to oceanic waters (Juan de Fuca Strait) followed by significantly smaller asymptotic sizes moving inland. Inland rockfish also reached their asymptotic size at an earlier age than oceanic individuals, suggesting a gradient of growth types from oceanic to inland marine waters. The growth patterns in quillback rockfish reported here may have been mediated by any or all of a number of environmental (or other) conditions that varied widely across the four regions studied, including water properties (temperature and salinity), habitat quality, fishery exploitation, and pollution.
C1 [West, James E.; O'Neill, Sandra M.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Marine Resources Div, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Helser, Thomas E.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP West, JE (reprint author), Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Marine Resources Div, 600 Capitol Way N, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
EM james.west@dfw.wa.gov
FU Washington State, Puget Sound Ecosystem Monitoring Program
FX We thank S Rosenfield for age-reading all otoliths used in this study. G
Lippert, S Quinnell, J Beam, K Hoeman, and the crew of the FV CHASINA
provided invaluable assistance collecting the fish. This manuscript
benefitted from thoughtful reviews by T Tsou and W Palsson, and three
anonymous referees. Funding for this study was provided by Washington
State in support of its Puget Sound Ecosystem Monitoring Program.
NR 55
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 19
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
EI 1553-6955
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 90
IS 3
BP 747
EP 761
DI 10.5343/bms.2013.1044
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AJ9CG
UT WOS:000338003800001
ER
PT J
AU Szakal, C
Tsytsikova, L
Carlander, D
Duncan, TV
AF Szakal, Christopher
Tsytsikova, Lyubov
Carlander, David
Duncan, Timothy V.
TI Measurement Methods for the Oral Uptake of Engineered Nanomaterials from
Human Dietary Sources: Summary and Outlook
SO COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY
LA English
DT Review
DE characterization; detection; food safety; measurement methods;
nanomaterials; nanotechnology; nanotoxicology
ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; AMBIENT CONDITIONS; FOOD; NANOPARTICLES;
SILVER; ENVIRONMENT; IONIZATION; CHALLENGES; MICROSCOPY; CELLS
AB This article is one of a series of 4 that report on a task of the NanoRelease Food Additive (NRFA) project of the International. Life Science Institute Center for Risk Science Innovation and Application. The project aims are to identify, evaluate, and develop methods that are needed to confidently detect, characterize, and quantify intentionally produced engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) released from food along the alimentary tract. This particular article offers an overview of the NRFA project, describing the project scope and goals, as well as the strategy by which the task group sought to achieve these goals. A condensed description of the general challenge of detecting ENMs in foods and a brief review of available and emerging methods for ENM detection is provided here, paying particular attention to the kind of information that might be desired from an analysis and the strengths and weaknesses of the various approaches that might be used to attain this information. The article concludes with an executive summary of the task group's broad findings related to the 3 topic areas, which are covered in more detail in 3 subsequent articles in this series. The end result is a thorough evaluation of the state of ENM measurement science specifically as it applies to oral uptake of ENMs from human dietary sources.
C1 [Szakal, Christopher] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tsytsikova, Lyubov] ILSI Res Fdn, Ctr Risk Sci Innovat & Applicat, Washington, DC 20005 USA.
[Carlander, David] Nanotechnol Ind Assoc, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Duncan, Timothy V.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Bedford Pk, IL 60516 USA.
RP Duncan, TV (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, 6502 South Archer Rd, Bedford Pk, IL 60516 USA.
EM timothy.duncan@fda.hhs.gov
RI Geracitano, Laura/E-6926-2013
FU Pew Charitable Trusts; US Food and Drug Administration, Health Canada,
ILSI North America; Coca-Cola Company; Illinois Inst. of Technology's
Inst. for Food Safety and Health; ILSI Research Foundation; USDA Natl.
Research Initiative Agriculture and Food Research Initiative; US
Environmental Protection Agency; Natl. Science Foundation
FX The authors of this report are grateful to the following individuals for
their expert input and support for this effort (alphabetically listed):
Maurizio Avella, Joe Hotchkiss, Anil Patri, Ruud Peters, Jonathan
Powell, Vicki Stone, Scott Thurmond, Jim Waldman, Stefan Weigel, and Jun
Jie Yin. Experts were convened and initial framing concepts were
developed for this article by the NanoRelease Food Additive Steering
Committee
(http://www.ilsi.org/ResearchFoundation/RSIA/Pages/FoodAdditiveSteeringC
ommittee.aspx and
http://www.ilsi.org/ResearchFoundation/RSIA/Pages/NRFA_TaskGroup1.aspx),
which operates as an independent public-private partnership. Project
management and editing support were provided to the NanoRelease project
experts by Richard Canady, Christina West, Molly Bloom, and Elyse Lee of
the Center for Risk Science Innovation and Application, ILSI Research
Foundation. This phase of the project was funded by the Pew Charitable
Trusts, the US Food and Drug Administration, Health Canada, ILSI North
America, the Coca-Cola Company, the Illinois Inst. of Technology's Inst.
for Food Safety and Health, and the ILSI Research Foundation.
Substantial in-kind support was provided by the Nanotechnology
Industries Assoc. Furthermore, this material is partly based upon work
supported by the USDA Natl. Research Initiative Agriculture and Food
Research Initiative, the US Environmental Protection Agency, and the
Natl. Science Foundation.
NR 35
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 37
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1541-4337
J9 COMPR REV FOOD SCI F
JI Compr. Rev. Food. Sci. Food Saf.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 4
BP 669
EP 678
DI 10.1111/1541-4337.12080
PG 10
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA AJ9LH
UT WOS:000338031400017
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, X
Minnett, PJ
Berkelmans, R
Hendee, J
Manfrino, C
AF Zhu, X.
Minnett, P. J.
Berkelmans, R.
Hendee, J.
Manfrino, C.
TI Diurnal warming in shallow coastal seas: Observations from the Caribbean
and Great Barrier Reef regions
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Diurnal warming; Sea surface temperature; Coastal ocean; Upper ocean and
mixed layer processes
ID LEE-STOCKING-ISLAND; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CORAL-REEF; EVENTS; LAYER;
CIRCULATION; SATELLITE; BAHAMAS
AB A good understanding of diurnal warming in the upper ocean is important for the validation of satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) against in-situ buoy data and for merging satellite SSTs taken at different times of the same day. For shallow coastal regions, better understanding of diurnal heating could also help improve monitoring and prediction of ecosystem health, such as coral reef bleaching. Compared to its open ocean counterpart which has been studied extensively and modeled with good success, coastal diurnal warming has complicating localized characteristics, including coastline geometry, bathymetry, water types, tidal and wave mixing. Our goal is to characterize coastal diurnal warming using two extensive in-situ temperature and weather datasets from the Caribbean and Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia. Results showed clear daily warming patterns in most stations from both datasets. For the three Caribbean stations where solar radiation is the main cause of daily warming, the mean diurnal warming amplitudes were about 0.4 K at depths of 4-7 m and 0.6-0.7 K at shallower depths of 1-2 m; the largest warming value was 2.1 K. For coral top temperatures of the GBR, 20% of days had warming amplitudes > 1 K, with the largest > 4 K. The bottom warming at shallower sites has higher daily maximum temperatures and lower daily minimum temperatures than deeper sites nearby. The averaged daily warming amplitudes were shown to be closely related to daily average wind speed and maximum insolation, as found in the open ocean. Diurnal heating also depends on local features including water depth, location on different sections of the reef (reef flat vs. reef slope), the relative distance from the barrier reef chain (coast vs. lagoon stations vs. inner barrier reef sites vs. outer rim sites); and the proximity to the tidal inlets. In addition, the influence of tides on daily temperature changes and its relative importance compared to solar radiation was quantified by calculating the ratio of power spectrum densities at the principal lunar semidiurnal M2 tide versus 24-hour cycle frequency representing mainly solar radiation forcing, i.e., (PSDM2/PSD24). Despite the fact that GBR stations are generally located at regions with large tidal changes, the tidal effects were modest: 80% of stations showed value of (PSDM2/PSD24) of less than 10%. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhu, X.; Minnett, P. J.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Hendee, J.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Manfrino, C.] Cent Caribbean Marine Inst, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Berkelmans, R.] Australian Inst Marine Sci, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
RP Zhu, X (reprint author), 5830 Univ Res Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM xiaofang.zhu@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Hendee, James/E-6358-2010;
OI Hendee, James/0000-0002-4799-5354; Manfrino, Carrie/0000-0002-3129-9629
FU NASA Physical Oceanography Program [NNX08AH99G, NNX13AE30G]
FX This study was funded through the NASA Physical Oceanography Program
(NNX08AH99G and NNX13AE30G). We thank Mike Jankulak, Miguel Angel
Izaguirre, Rob Hedges and Wessley B. Merten for the instrument
maintenance and additional temperature loggers' installation efforts at
the Caribbean locations. We also would like to thank Richard Brinkman
and William Skirving for the knowledge of GBR reef hydrodynamics and
interaction with coral physiology. Lewis Gramer, Andy Harris, Jonanthan
Mittaz and Xingming Liang provided many suggestions on the data analysis
methodology.
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 29
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
EI 1873-6955
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD JUL 1
PY 2014
VL 82
BP 85
EP 98
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2014.03.002
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AJ7DU
UT WOS:000337858200008
ER
PT J
AU Gadipelli, S
Travis, W
Zhou, W
Guo, ZX
AF Gadipelli, Srinivas
Travis, Will
Zhou, Wei
Guo, Zhengxiao
TI A thermally derived and optimized structure from ZIF-8 with giant
enhancement in CO2 uptake
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; ZEOLITIC IMIDAZOLATE FRAMEWORK-8;
HIERARCHICALLY POROUS CARBON; HIGH-SURFACE-AREA; HIGH-PRESSURE;
POSTSYNTHETIC MODIFICATION; DIRECT CARBONIZATION; REACTIVE ADSORPTION;
NANOPOROUS CARBONS; FTIR SPECTROSCOPY
AB We report a new, simple and versatile method to obtain highly active MOF structures by carefully controlled post-synthesis thermal annealing. The active ZIF-8 structure shows highly enhanced CO2/N-2 selectivity and a stable cyclic CO2 uptake of >= 1.5mmol g(-1) at 1 bar and 25 degrees C with a heat of adsorption of >= 30 kJ mol(-1), which is over 100% greater than approximate to 0.7 mmol g(-1) and approximate to 17 kJ mol(-1), respectively of ZIF-8.
C1 [Gadipelli, Srinivas; Travis, Will; Guo, Zhengxiao] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England.
[Zhou, Wei] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhou, Wei] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Gadipelli, S (reprint author), UCL, Dept Chem, 20 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AJ, England.
EM gsrinivasphys@gmail.com; z.x.guo@ucl.ac.uk
RI Zhou, Wei/C-6504-2008; Gadipelli, Srinivas/A-8622-2010; Guo, Zheng
Xiao/C-1706-2009
OI Zhou, Wei/0000-0002-5461-3617; Gadipelli, Srinivas/0000-0002-1362-6905;
Guo, Zheng Xiao/0000-0001-5404-3215
NR 73
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 18
U2 129
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
EI 1754-5706
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 7
BP 2232
EP 2238
DI 10.1039/c4ee01009d
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AJ8SL
UT WOS:000337977600012
ER
PT J
AU Okoro, C
Levine, LE
Xu, RQ
Hummler, K
Obeng, YS
AF Okoro, Chukwudi
Levine, Lyle E.
Xu, Ruqing
Hummler, Klaus
Obeng, Yaw S.
TI Nondestructive Measurement of the Residual Stresses in Copper
Through-Silicon Vias Using Synchrotron-Based Microbeam X-Ray Diffraction
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
LA English
DT Article
DE Interconnect; keep-out-zone (KOZ); stress measurement; synchrotron;
three-dimensional integrated circuits (3DIC); through-silicon via (TSV);
X-ray diffraction
ID FAILURE ANALYSIS; CU-TSV; DEFORMATION
AB In this paper, we report a new method for achieving depth resolved determination of the full stress tensor in buried Cu through-silicon vias (TSVs), using a synchrotron-based X-ray microdiffraction technique. Two adjacent Cu TSVs were analyzed; one capped with SiO2 (0.17 mu m) and the other without. The uncapped Cu TSV was found to have higher stresses with an average hydrostatic stress value of 145 +/- 37 MPa, as compared with the capped Cu TSV, which had a value of 89 +/- 28 MPa. Finite element-based parametric analyses of the effect of cap thickness on TSV stress were also performed. The differences in the stresses in the adjacent Cu TSVs were attributed to their microstructural differences and not to the presence of a cap layer. Based on the experimentally determined stresses, the stresses in the surrounding Si for both Cu TSVs were calculated and the FinFET keep-out-zone (KOZ) from the Cu TSV was estimated. The FinFET KOZ is influenced by the microstructural variations in their neighboring Cu TSVs, thus, it should be accounted for in KOZ design rules.
C1 [Okoro, Chukwudi; Obeng, Yaw S.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Levine, Lyle E.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Xu, Ruqing] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Hummler, Klaus] SEMATECH, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
RP Okoro, C (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM chukwudi.okoro@nist.gov; lyle.levine@nist.gov; ruqingxu@anl.gov;
klaus.hummler@sematech.org; yaw.obeng@nist.gov
RI Xu, Ruqing/K-3586-2012
OI Xu, Ruqing/0000-0003-1037-0059
FU U.S Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The XOR/UNI facilities on Sector 34 at the Advanced Photon Source (APS)
is supported by the U.S Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Science,
under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The review of this paper was
arranged by Editor R. Venkatasubramanian.
NR 17
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 22
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9383
EI 1557-9646
J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV
JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 7
BP 2473
EP 2479
DI 10.1109/TED.2014.2321736
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA AJ9JY
UT WOS:000338027200036
ER
PT J
AU Shrestha, PR
Cheung, KP
Campbell, JP
Ryan, JT
Baumgart, H
AF Shrestha, Pragya R.
Cheung, Kin P.
Campbell, Jason Paul
Ryan, Jason T.
Baumgart, Helmut
TI Accurate Fast Capacitance Measurements for Reliable Device
Characterization
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
LA English
DT Article
DE Capacitance measurements; device reliability; fast CV; MOSFET; transient
measurement
ID DIELECTRIC STACKS; BURIED OXIDES; C-V; CHARGE
AB The performance and reliability of highly scaled devices are becoming increasingly dominated by transient phenomena. Recently, fast capacitances versus voltage (CV) measurements have been gaining attention as a promising measurement tool to characterize the transient phenomena. However, fast CV has mainly been limited to monitoring stress-induced deviations in accumulation capacitance due, at least in part, to the inability to accurately measure the full CV. In this paper, we identify and mitigate the measurement considerations required to obtain a remarkably accurate correspondence between a complete fast CV measurement, from accumulation to inversion, and a conventional CV measurement on the same device. The results indicate that fast CV can be a potentially powerful tool for device characterization and reliability measurements.
C1 [Shrestha, Pragya R.; Cheung, Kin P.; Campbell, Jason Paul; Ryan, Jason T.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Shrestha, Pragya R.; Baumgart, Helmut] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Baumgart, Helmut] Appl Res Ctr, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Shrestha, PR (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM shrestha@nist.gov; kin.cheung@nist.gov; jason.campbell@nist.gov;
jason.ryan@nist.gov; hbaumgar@odu.edu
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9383
EI 1557-9646
J9 IEEE T ELECTRON DEV
JI IEEE Trans. Electron Devices
PD JUL
PY 2014
VL 61
IS 7
BP 2509
EP 2514
DI 10.1109/TED.2014.2325674
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA AJ9JY
UT WOS:000338027200041
ER
EF